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diff --git a/docs/setuptools.rst b/docs/setuptools.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c5a89adc --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/setuptools.rst @@ -0,0 +1,213 @@ +================================================== +Building and Distributing Packages with Setuptools +================================================== + +``Setuptools`` is a collection of enhancements to the Python ``distutils`` +that allow developers to more easily build and +distribute Python packages, especially ones that have dependencies on other +packages. + +Packages built and distributed using ``setuptools`` look to the user like +ordinary Python packages based on the ``distutils``. + +Feature Highlights: + +* Create `Python Eggs <http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/PythonEggs>`_ - + a single-file importable distribution format + +* Enhanced support for accessing data files hosted in zipped packages. + +* Automatically include all packages in your source tree, without listing them + individually in setup.py + +* Automatically include all relevant files in your source distributions, + without needing to create a ``MANIFEST.in`` file, and without having to force + regeneration of the ``MANIFEST`` file when your source tree changes. + +* Automatically generate wrapper scripts or Windows (console and GUI) .exe + files for any number of "main" functions in your project. (Note: this is not + a py2exe replacement; the .exe files rely on the local Python installation.) + +* Transparent Cython support, so that your setup.py can list ``.pyx`` files and + still work even when the end-user doesn't have Cython installed (as long as + you include the Cython-generated C in your source distribution) + +* Command aliases - create project-specific, per-user, or site-wide shortcut + names for commonly used commands and options + +* Deploy your project in "development mode", such that it's available on + ``sys.path``, yet can still be edited directly from its source checkout. + +* Easily extend the distutils with new commands or ``setup()`` arguments, and + distribute/reuse your extensions for multiple projects, without copying code. + +* Create extensible applications and frameworks that automatically discover + extensions, using simple "entry points" declared in a project's setup script. + +* Full support for PEP 420 via ``find_namespace_packages()``, which is also backwards + compatible to the existing ``find_packages()`` for Python >= 3.3. + +----------------- +Developer's Guide +----------------- + +The developer's guide has been updated. See the :doc:`most recent version <userguide/index>`. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +TRANSITIONAL NOTE +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Setuptools automatically calls ``declare_namespace()`` for you at runtime, +but future versions may *not*. This is because the automatic declaration +feature has some negative side effects, such as needing to import all namespace +packages during the initialization of the ``pkg_resources`` runtime, and also +the need for ``pkg_resources`` to be explicitly imported before any namespace +packages work at all. In some future releases, you'll be responsible +for including your own declaration lines, and the automatic declaration feature +will be dropped to get rid of the negative side effects. + +During the remainder of the current development cycle, therefore, setuptools +will warn you about missing ``declare_namespace()`` calls in your +``__init__.py`` files, and you should correct these as soon as possible +before the compatibility support is removed. +Namespace packages without declaration lines will not work +correctly once a user has upgraded to a later version, so it's important that +you make this change now in order to avoid having your code break in the field. +Our apologies for the inconvenience, and thank you for your patience. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +setup.cfg-only projects +======================= + +.. versionadded:: 40.9.0 + +If ``setup.py`` is missing from the project directory when a :pep:`517` +build is invoked, ``setuptools`` emulates a dummy ``setup.py`` file containing +only a ``setuptools.setup()`` call. + +.. note:: + + :pep:`517` doesn't support editable installs so this is currently + incompatible with ``pip install -e .``. + +This means that you can have a Python project with all build configuration +specified in ``setup.cfg``, without a ``setup.py`` file, if you **can rely +on** your project always being built by a :pep:`517`/:pep:`518` compatible +frontend. + +To use this feature: + +* Specify build requirements and :pep:`517` build backend in + ``pyproject.toml``. + For example: + + .. code-block:: toml + + [build-system] + requires = [ + "setuptools >= 40.9.0", + "wheel", + ] + build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta" + +* Use a :pep:`517` compatible build frontend, such as ``pip >= 19`` or ``build``. + + .. warning:: + + As :pep:`517` is new, support is not universal, and frontends that + do support it may still have bugs. For compatibility, you may want to + put a ``setup.py`` file containing only a ``setuptools.setup()`` + invocation. + + +Configuration API +================= + +Some automation tools may wish to access data from a configuration file. + +``Setuptools`` exposes a ``read_configuration()`` function for +parsing ``metadata`` and ``options`` sections into a dictionary. + + +.. code-block:: python + + from setuptools.config import read_configuration + + conf_dict = read_configuration("/home/user/dev/package/setup.cfg") + + +By default, ``read_configuration()`` will read only the file provided +in the first argument. To include values from other configuration files +which could be in various places, set the ``find_others`` keyword argument +to ``True``. + +If you have only a configuration file but not the whole package, you can still +try to get data out of it with the help of the ``ignore_option_errors`` keyword +argument. When it is set to ``True``, all options with errors possibly produced +by directives, such as ``attr:`` and others, will be silently ignored. +As a consequence, the resulting dictionary will include no such options. + + + + + + + + + + + +Mailing List and Bug Tracker +============================ + +Please use the `distutils-sig mailing list`_ for questions and discussion about +setuptools, and the `setuptools bug tracker`_ ONLY for issues you have +confirmed via the list are actual bugs, and which you have reduced to a minimal +set of steps to reproduce. + +.. _distutils-sig mailing list: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/distutils-sig/ +.. _setuptools bug tracker: https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/ |