path: root/spec/unit/node/attribute_spec.rb

#
# Author:: Adam Jacob (<adam@opscode.com>)
# Author:: AJ Christensen (<aj@opscode.com>)
# Copyright:: Copyright 2008-2016, Opscode, Inc.
# License:: Apache License, Version 2.0
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#

require "spec_helper"
require "chef/node/attribute"

describe Chef::Node::Attribute do
  before(:each) do
    @attribute_hash =
      {"dmi"=>{},
        "command"=>{"ps"=>"ps -ef"},
        "platform_version"=>"10.5.7",
        "platform"=>"mac_os_x",
        "ipaddress"=>"192.168.0.117",
        "network"=>
    {"default_interface"=>"en1",
      "interfaces"=>
    {"vmnet1"=>
      {"flags"=>
        ["UP", "BROADCAST", "SMART", "RUNNING", "SIMPLEX", "MULTICAST"],
          "number"=>"1",
          "addresses"=>
        {"00:50:56:c0:00:01"=>{"family"=>"lladdr"},
          "192.168.110.1"=>
        {"broadcast"=>"192.168.110.255",
          "netmask"=>"255.255.255.0",
          "family"=>"inet"}},
          "mtu"=>"1500",
          "type"=>"vmnet",
          "arp"=>{"192.168.110.255"=>"ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff"},
          "encapsulation"=>"Ethernet"},
          "stf0"=>
        {"flags"=>[],
          "number"=>"0",
          "addresses"=>{},
          "mtu"=>"1280",
          "type"=>"stf",
          "encapsulation"=>"6to4"},
          "lo0"=>
        {"flags"=>["UP", "LOOPBACK", "RUNNING", "MULTICAST"],
          "number"=>"0",
          "addresses"=>
        {"::1"=>{"scope"=>"Node", "prefixlen"=>"128", "family"=>"inet6"},
          "127.0.0.1"=>{"netmask"=>"255.0.0.0", "family"=>"inet"},
          "fe80::1"=>{"scope"=>"Link", "prefixlen"=>"64", "family"=>"inet6"}},
          "mtu"=>"16384",
          "type"=>"lo",
          "encapsulation"=>"Loopback"},
          "gif0"=>
        {"flags"=>["POINTOPOINT", "MULTICAST"],
          "number"=>"0",
          "addresses"=>{},
          "mtu"=>"1280",
          "type"=>"gif",
          "encapsulation"=>"IPIP"},
          "vmnet8"=>
        {"flags"=>
          ["UP", "BROADCAST", "SMART", "RUNNING", "SIMPLEX", "MULTICAST"],
            "number"=>"8",
            "addresses"=>
          {"192.168.4.1"=>
            {"broadcast"=>"192.168.4.255",
              "netmask"=>"255.255.255.0",
              "family"=>"inet"},
              "00:50:56:c0:00:08"=>{"family"=>"lladdr"}},
              "mtu"=>"1500",
              "type"=>"vmnet",
              "arp"=>{"192.168.4.255"=>"ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff"},
              "encapsulation"=>"Ethernet"},
              "en0"=>
            {"status"=>"inactive",
              "flags"=>
            ["UP", "BROADCAST", "SMART", "RUNNING", "SIMPLEX", "MULTICAST"],
              "number"=>"0",
              "addresses"=>{"00:23:32:b0:32:f2"=>{"family"=>"lladdr"}},
              "mtu"=>"1500",
              "media"=>
            {"supported"=>
              {"autoselect"=>{"options"=>[]},
                "none"=>{"options"=>[]},
                "1000baseT"=>
              {"options"=>["full-duplex", "flow-control", "hw-loopback"]},
                "10baseT/UTP"=>
              {"options"=>
                ["half-duplex", "full-duplex", "flow-control", "hw-loopback"]},
                  "100baseTX"=>
                {"options"=>
                  ["half-duplex", "full-duplex", "flow-control", "hw-loopback"]}},
                    "selected"=>{"autoselect"=>{"options"=>[]}}},
                    "type"=>"en",
                    "encapsulation"=>"Ethernet"},
                    "en1"=>
                  {"status"=>"active",
                    "flags"=>
                  ["UP", "BROADCAST", "SMART", "RUNNING", "SIMPLEX", "MULTICAST"],
                    "number"=>"1",
                    "addresses"=>
                  {"fe80::223:6cff:fe7f:676c"=>
                    {"scope"=>"Link", "prefixlen"=>"64", "family"=>"inet6"},
                      "00:23:6c:7f:67:6c"=>{"family"=>"lladdr"},
                      "192.168.0.117"=>
                    {"broadcast"=>"192.168.0.255",
                      "netmask"=>"255.255.255.0",
                      "family"=>"inet"}},
                      "mtu"=>"1500",
                      "media"=>
                    {"supported"=>{"autoselect"=>{"options"=>[]}},
                      "selected"=>{"autoselect"=>{"options"=>[]}}},
                      "type"=>"en",
                      "arp"=>
                    {"192.168.0.72"=>"0:f:ea:39:fa:d5",
                      "192.168.0.1"=>"0:1c:fb:fc:6f:20",
                      "192.168.0.255"=>"ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff",
                      "192.168.0.3"=>"0:1f:33:ea:26:9b",
                      "192.168.0.77"=>"0:23:12:70:f8:cf",
                      "192.168.0.152"=>"0:26:8:7d:2:4c"},
                      "encapsulation"=>"Ethernet"},
                      "en2"=>
                    {"status"=>"active",
                      "flags"=>
                    ["UP", "BROADCAST", "SMART", "RUNNING", "SIMPLEX", "MULTICAST"],
                      "number"=>"2",
                      "addresses"=>
                    {"169.254.206.152"=>
                      {"broadcast"=>"169.254.255.255",
                        "netmask"=>"255.255.0.0",
                        "family"=>"inet"},
                        "00:1c:42:00:00:01"=>{"family"=>"lladdr"},
                        "fe80::21c:42ff:fe00:1"=>
                      {"scope"=>"Link", "prefixlen"=>"64", "family"=>"inet6"}},
                        "mtu"=>"1500",
                        "media"=>
                      {"supported"=>{"autoselect"=>{"options"=>[]}},
                        "selected"=>{"autoselect"=>{"options"=>[]}}},
                        "type"=>"en",
                        "encapsulation"=>"Ethernet"},
                        "fw0"=>
                      {"status"=>"inactive",
                        "flags"=>["BROADCAST", "SIMPLEX", "MULTICAST"],
                        "number"=>"0",
                        "addresses"=>{"00:23:32:ff:fe:b0:32:f2"=>{"family"=>"lladdr"}},
                        "mtu"=>"4078",
                        "media"=>
                      {"supported"=>{"autoselect"=>{"options"=>["full-duplex"]}},
                        "selected"=>{"autoselect"=>{"options"=>["full-duplex"]}}},
                        "type"=>"fw",
                        "encapsulation"=>"1394"},
                        "en3"=>
                      {"status"=>"active",
                        "flags"=>
                      ["UP", "BROADCAST", "SMART", "RUNNING", "SIMPLEX", "MULTICAST"],
                        "number"=>"3",
                        "addresses"=>
                      {"169.254.206.152"=>
                        {"broadcast"=>"169.254.255.255",
                          "netmask"=>"255.255.0.0",
                          "family"=>"inet"},
                          "00:1c:42:00:00:00"=>{"family"=>"lladdr"},
                          "fe80::21c:42ff:fe00:0"=>
                        {"scope"=>"Link", "prefixlen"=>"64", "family"=>"inet6"}},
                          "mtu"=>"1500",
                          "media"=>
                        {"supported"=>{"autoselect"=>{"options"=>[]}},
                          "selected"=>{"autoselect"=>{"options"=>[]}}},
                          "type"=>"en",
                          "encapsulation"=>"Ethernet"}}},
                          "fqdn"=>"latte.local",
                          "ohai_time"=>1249065590.90391,
                          "domain"=>"local",
                          "os"=>"darwin",
                          "platform_build"=>"9J61",
                          "os_version"=>"9.7.0",
                          "hostname"=>"latte",
                          "macaddress"=>"00:23:6c:7f:67:6c",
                          "music" => { "jimmy_eat_world" => "nice", "apophis" => false },
    }
    @default_hash = {
      "domain" => "opscode.com",
      "hot" => { "day" => "saturday" },
      "music" => {
        "jimmy_eat_world" => "is fun!",
        "mastodon" => "rocks",
        "mars_volta" => "is loud and nutty",
        "deeper" => { "gates_of_ishtar" => nil },
        "this" => {"apparatus" => {"must" => "be unearthed"}},
      },
    }
    @override_hash = {
      "macaddress" => "00:00:00:00:00:00",
      "hot" => { "day" => "sunday" },
      "fire" => "still burn",
      "music" => {
        "mars_volta" => "cicatriz"
      },
    }
    @automatic_hash = {"week" => "friday"}
    @attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new(@attribute_hash, @default_hash, @override_hash, @automatic_hash)
  end

  describe "initialize" do
    it "should return a Chef::Node::Attribute" do
      expect(@attributes).to be_a_kind_of(Chef::Node::Attribute)
    end

    it "should take an Automatioc, Normal, Default and Override hash" do
      expect { Chef::Node::Attribute.new({}, {}, {}, {}) }.not_to raise_error
    end

    [ :normal, :default, :override, :automatic ].each do |accessor|
      it "should set #{accessor}" do
        na = Chef::Node::Attribute.new({ :normal => true }, { :default => true }, { :override => true }, { :automatic => true })
        expect(na.send(accessor)).to eq({ accessor.to_s => true })
      end
    end

    it "should be enumerable" do
      expect(@attributes).to be_is_a(Enumerable)
    end
  end

  describe "when printing attribute components" do

    it "does not cause a type error" do
      # See CHEF-3799; IO#puts implicitly calls #to_ary on its argument. This
      # is expected to raise a NoMethodError or return an Array. `to_ary` is
      # the "strict" conversion method that should only be implemented by
      # things that are truly Array-like, so NoMethodError is the right choice.
      # (cf. there is no Hash#to_ary).
      expect { @attributes.default.to_ary }.to raise_error(NoMethodError)
    end

  end

  describe "when debugging attributes" do
    before do
      @attributes.default[:foo][:bar] = "default"
      @attributes.env_default[:foo][:bar] = "env_default"
      @attributes.role_default[:foo][:bar] = "role_default"
      @attributes.force_default[:foo][:bar] = "force_default"
      @attributes.normal[:foo][:bar] = "normal"
      @attributes.override[:foo][:bar] = "override"
      @attributes.role_override[:foo][:bar] = "role_override"
      @attributes.env_override[:foo][:bar] = "env_override"
      @attributes.force_override[:foo][:bar] = "force_override"
      @attributes.automatic[:foo][:bar] = "automatic"
    end

    it "gives the value at each level of precedence for a path spec" do
      expected = [["set_unless_enabled?", false],
        ["default", "default"],
        ["env_default", "env_default"],
        ["role_default", "role_default"],
        ["force_default", "force_default"],
        ["normal", "normal"],
        ["override", "override"],
        ["role_override", "role_override"],
        ["env_override", "env_override"],
        ["force_override", "force_override"],
        ["automatic", "automatic"],
      ]
      expect(@attributes.debug_value(:foo, :bar)).to eq(expected)
    end
  end

  describe "when fetching values based on precedence" do
    before do
      @attributes.default["default"] = "cookbook default"
      @attributes.override["override"] = "cookbook override"
    end

    it "prefers 'forced default' over any other default" do
      @attributes.force_default["default"] = "force default"
      @attributes.role_default["default"] = "role default"
      @attributes.env_default["default"] = "environment default"
      expect(@attributes["default"]).to eq("force default")
    end

    it "prefers role_default over environment or cookbook default" do
      @attributes.role_default["default"] = "role default"
      @attributes.env_default["default"] = "environment default"
      expect(@attributes["default"]).to eq("role default")
    end

    it "prefers environment default over cookbook default" do
      @attributes.env_default["default"] = "environment default"
      expect(@attributes["default"]).to eq("environment default")
    end

    it "returns the cookbook default when no other default values are present" do
      expect(@attributes["default"]).to eq("cookbook default")
    end

    it "prefers 'forced overrides' over role or cookbook overrides" do
      @attributes.force_override["override"] = "force override"
      @attributes.env_override["override"] = "environment override"
      @attributes.role_override["override"] = "role override"
      expect(@attributes["override"]).to eq("force override")
    end

    it "prefers environment overrides over role or cookbook overrides" do
      @attributes.env_override["override"] = "environment override"
      @attributes.role_override["override"] = "role override"
      expect(@attributes["override"]).to eq("environment override")
    end

    it "prefers role overrides over cookbook overrides" do
      @attributes.role_override["override"] = "role override"
      expect(@attributes["override"]).to eq("role override")
    end

    it "returns cookbook overrides when no other overrides are present" do
      expect(@attributes["override"]).to eq("cookbook override")
    end

    it "merges arrays within the default precedence" do
      @attributes.role_default["array"] = %w{role}
      @attributes.env_default["array"] = %w{env}
      expect(@attributes["array"]).to eq(%w{env role})
    end

    it "merges arrays within the override precedence" do
      @attributes.role_override["array"] = %w{role}
      @attributes.env_override["array"] = %w{env}
      expect(@attributes["array"]).to eq(%w{role env})
    end

    it "does not merge arrays between default and normal" do
      @attributes.role_default["array"] = %w{role}
      @attributes.normal["array"] = %w{normal}
      expect(@attributes["array"]).to eq(%w{normal})
    end

    it "does not merge arrays between normal and override" do
      @attributes.normal["array"] = %w{normal}
      @attributes.role_override["array"] = %w{role}
      expect(@attributes["array"]).to eq(%w{role})
    end

    it "merges nested hashes between precedence levels" do
      @attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new({}, {}, {}, {})
      @attributes.env_default = {"a" => {"b" => {"default" => "default"}}}
      @attributes.normal = {"a" => {"b" => {"normal" => "normal"}}}
      @attributes.override = {"a" => {"override" => "role"}}
      @attributes.automatic = {"a" => {"automatic" => "auto"}}
      expect(@attributes["a"]).to eq({"b"=>{"default"=>"default", "normal"=>"normal"},
                                  "override"=>"role",
                                  "automatic"=>"auto"})
    end
  end

  describe "when reading combined default or override values" do
    before do
      @attributes.default["cd"] = "cookbook default"
      @attributes.role_default["rd"] = "role default"
      @attributes.env_default["ed"] = "env default"
      @attributes.default!["fd"] = "force default"
      @attributes.override["co"] = "cookbook override"
      @attributes.role_override["ro"] = "role override"
      @attributes.env_override["eo"] = "env override"
      @attributes.override!["fo"] = "force override"
    end

    it "merges all types of overrides into a combined override" do
      expect(@attributes.combined_override["co"]).to eq("cookbook override")
      expect(@attributes.combined_override["ro"]).to eq("role override")
      expect(@attributes.combined_override["eo"]).to eq("env override")
      expect(@attributes.combined_override["fo"]).to eq("force override")
    end

    it "merges all types of defaults into a combined default" do
      expect(@attributes.combined_default["cd"]).to eq("cookbook default")
      expect(@attributes.combined_default["rd"]).to eq("role default")
      expect(@attributes.combined_default["ed"]).to eq("env default")
      expect(@attributes.combined_default["fd"]).to eq("force default")
    end

  end

  describe "[]" do
    it "should return override data if it exists" do
      expect(@attributes["macaddress"]).to eq("00:00:00:00:00:00")
    end

    it "should return attribute data if it is not overridden" do
      expect(@attributes["platform"]).to eq("mac_os_x")
    end

    it "should return data that doesn't have corresponding keys in every hash" do
      expect(@attributes["command"]["ps"]).to eq("ps -ef")
    end

    it "should return default data if it is not overriden or in attribute data" do
      expect(@attributes["music"]["mastodon"]).to eq("rocks")
    end

    it "should prefer the override data over an available default" do
      expect(@attributes["music"]["mars_volta"]).to eq("cicatriz")
    end

    it "should prefer the attribute data over an available default" do
      expect(@attributes["music"]["jimmy_eat_world"]).to eq("nice")
    end

    it "should prefer override data over default data if there is no attribute data" do
      expect(@attributes["hot"]["day"]).to eq("sunday")
    end

    it "should return the merged hash if all three have values" do
      result = @attributes["music"]
      expect(result["mars_volta"]).to eq("cicatriz")
      expect(result["jimmy_eat_world"]).to eq("nice")
      expect(result["mastodon"]).to eq("rocks")
    end
  end

  describe "[]=" do
    it "should error out when the type of attribute to set has not been specified" do
      @attributes.normal["the_ghost"] = {  }
      expect { @attributes["the_ghost"]["exterminate"] = false }.to raise_error(Chef::Exceptions::ImmutableAttributeModification)
    end

    it "should let you set an attribute value when another hash has an intermediate value" do
      @attributes.normal["the_ghost"] = { "exterminate" => "the future" }
      expect { @attributes.normal["the_ghost"]["eviscerate"]["tomorrow"] = false }.not_to raise_error
    end

    it "should set the attribute value" do
      @attributes.normal["longboard"] = "surfing"
      expect(@attributes.normal["longboard"]).to eq("surfing")
      expect(@attributes.normal["longboard"]).to eq("surfing")
    end

    it "should set deeply nested attribute values when a precedence level is specified" do
      @attributes.normal["deftones"]["hunters"]["nap"] = "surfing"
      expect(@attributes.normal["deftones"]["hunters"]["nap"]).to eq("surfing")
    end

    it "should die if you try and do nested attributes that do not exist without read vivification" do
      expect { @attributes["foo"]["bar"] = :baz }.to raise_error
    end

    it "should let you set attributes manually without vivification" do
      @attributes.normal["foo"] = Mash.new
      @attributes.normal["foo"]["bar"] = :baz
      expect(@attributes.normal["foo"]["bar"]).to eq(:baz)
    end

    it "should optionally skip setting the value if one already exists" do
      @attributes.set_unless_value_present = true
      @attributes.normal["hostname"] = "bar"
      expect(@attributes["hostname"]).to eq("latte")
    end

    it "does not support ||= when setting" do
      # This is a limitation of auto-vivification.
      # Users who need this behavior can use set_unless and friends
      @attributes.normal["foo"] = Mash.new
      @attributes.normal["foo"]["bar"] ||= "stop the world"
      expect(@attributes.normal["foo"]["bar"]).to eq({})
    end
  end

  describe "to_hash" do
    it "should convert to a hash" do
      expect(@attributes.to_hash.class).to eq(Hash)
    end

    it "should convert to a hash based on current state" do
      hash = @attributes["hot"].to_hash
      expect(hash.class).to eq(Hash)
      expect(hash["day"]).to eq("sunday")
    end

    it "should create a deep copy of the node attribute" do
      @attributes.default["foo"]["bar"]["baz"] = "fizz"
      hash = @attributes["foo"].to_hash
      expect(hash).to eql({"bar"=>{"baz"=>"fizz"}})
      hash["bar"]["baz"] = "buzz"
      expect(hash).to eql({"bar"=>{"baz"=>"buzz"}})
      expect(@attributes.default["foo"]).to eql({"bar"=>{"baz"=>"fizz"}})
    end

    it "should create a deep copy of arrays in the node attribute" do
      @attributes.default["foo"]["bar"] = ["fizz"]
      hash = @attributes["foo"].to_hash
      expect(hash).to eql({"bar"=>[ "fizz" ]})
      hash["bar"].push("buzz")
      expect(hash).to eql({"bar"=>[ "fizz", "buzz" ]})
      expect(@attributes.default["foo"]).to eql({"bar"=>[ "fizz" ]})
    end

    it "mutating strings should not mutate the attributes" do
      pending "this is a bug that should be fixed"
      @attributes.default["foo"]["bar"]["baz"] = "fizz"
      hash = @attributes["foo"].to_hash
      expect(hash).to eql({"bar"=>{"baz"=>"fizz"}})
      hash["bar"]["baz"] << "buzz"
      expect(hash).to eql({"bar"=>{"baz"=>"fizzbuzz"}})
      expect(@attributes.default["foo"]).to eql({"bar"=>{"baz"=>"fizz"}})
    end
  end

  describe "dup" do
    it "array can be duped even if some elements can't" do
      @attributes.default[:foo] = %w{foo bar baz} + Array(1..3) + [nil, true, false, [ "el", 0, nil ] ]
      @attributes.default[:foo].dup
    end
  end

  describe "has_key?" do
    it "should return true if an attribute exists" do
      expect(@attributes.has_key?("music")).to eq(true)
    end

    it "should return false if an attribute does not exist" do
      expect(@attributes.has_key?("ninja")).to eq(false)
    end

    it "should return false if an attribute does not exist using dot notation" do
      expect(@attributes.has_key?("does_not_exist_at_all")).to eq(false)
    end

    it "should return true if an attribute exists but is set to nil using dot notation" do
      expect(@attributes.music.deeper.has_key?("gates_of_ishtar")).to eq(true)
    end

    it "should return true if an attribute exists but is set to false" do
      @attributes.has_key?("music")
      expect(@attributes["music"].has_key?("apophis")).to eq(true)
    end

    it "does not find keys above the current nesting level" do
      expect(@attributes["music"]["this"]["apparatus"]).not_to have_key("this")
    end

    it "does not find keys below the current nesting level" do
      expect(@attributes["music"]["this"]).not_to have_key("must")
    end

    [:include?, :key?, :member?].each do |method|
      it "should alias the method #{method} to itself" do
        expect(@attributes).to respond_to(method)
      end

      it "#{method} should behave like has_key?" do
        expect(@attributes.send(method, "music")).to eq(true)
      end
    end
  end

  describe "attribute?" do
    it "should return true if an attribute exists" do
      expect(@attributes.attribute?("music")).to eq(true)
    end

    it "should return false if an attribute does not exist" do
      expect(@attributes.attribute?("ninja")).to eq(false)
    end

  end

  describe "method_missing" do
    it "should behave like a [] lookup" do
      expect(@attributes.music.mastodon).to eq("rocks")
    end

    it "should allow the last method to set a value if it has an = sign on the end" do
      @attributes.normal.music.mastodon = [ "dream", "still", "shining" ]
      expect(@attributes.normal.music.mastodon).to eq([ "dream", "still", "shining" ])
    end
  end

  describe "keys" do
    before(:each) do
      @attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new(
        {
          "one" =>  { "two" => "three" },
          "hut" =>  { "two" => "three" },
          "place" => { },
        },
        {
          "one" =>  { "four" => "five" },
          "snakes" => "on a plane",
        },
        {
          "one" =>  { "six" => "seven" },
          "snack" => "cookies",
        },
        {},
      )
    end

    it "should yield each top level key" do
      collect = Array.new
      @attributes.keys.each do |k|
        collect << k
      end
      expect(collect.include?("one")).to eq(true)
      expect(collect.include?("hut")).to eq(true)
      expect(collect.include?("snakes")).to eq(true)
      expect(collect.include?("snack")).to eq(true)
      expect(collect.include?("place")).to eq(true)
      expect(collect.length).to eq(5)
    end

    it "should yield lower if we go deeper" do
      collect = Array.new
      @attributes.one.keys.each do |k|
        collect << k
      end
      expect(collect.include?("two")).to eq(true)
      expect(collect.include?("four")).to eq(true)
      expect(collect.include?("six")).to eq(true)
      expect(collect.length).to eq(3)
    end

    it "should not raise an exception if one of the hashes has a nil value on a deep lookup" do
      expect { @attributes.place.keys { |k| } }.not_to raise_error
    end
  end

  describe "each" do
    before(:each) do
      @attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new(
        {
          "one" =>  "two",
          "hut" =>  "three",
        },
        {
          "one" =>  "four",
          "snakes" => "on a plane",
        },
        {
          "one" => "six",
          "snack" => "cookies",
        },
        {},
      )
    end

    it "should yield each top level key and value, post merge rules" do
      collect = Hash.new
      @attributes.each do |k, v|
        collect[k] = v
      end

      expect(collect["one"]).to eq("six")
      expect(collect["hut"]).to eq("three")
      expect(collect["snakes"]).to eq("on a plane")
      expect(collect["snack"]).to eq("cookies")
    end

    it "should yield as a two-element array" do
      @attributes.each do |a|
        expect(a).to be_an_instance_of(Array)
      end
    end
  end

  describe "each_key" do
    before do
      @attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new(
        {
          "one" =>  "two",
          "hut" =>  "three",
        },
        {
          "one" =>  "four",
          "snakes" => "on a plane",
        },
        {
          "one" => "six",
          "snack" => "cookies",
        },
        {},
      )
    end

    it "should respond to each_key" do
      expect(@attributes).to respond_to(:each_key)
    end

    it "should yield each top level key, post merge rules" do
      collect = Array.new
      @attributes.each_key do |k|
        collect << k
      end

      expect(collect).to include("one")
      expect(collect).to include("snack")
      expect(collect).to include("hut")
      expect(collect).to include("snakes")
    end
  end

  describe "each_pair" do
    before do
      @attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new(
        {
          "one" =>  "two",
          "hut" =>  "three",
        },
        {
          "one" =>  "four",
          "snakes" => "on a plane",
        },
        {
          "one" => "six",
          "snack" => "cookies",
        },
        {},
      )
    end

    it "should respond to each_pair" do
      expect(@attributes).to respond_to(:each_pair)
    end

    it "should yield each top level key and value pair, post merge rules" do
      collect = Hash.new
      @attributes.each_pair do |k, v|
        collect[k] = v
      end

      expect(collect["one"]).to eq("six")
      expect(collect["hut"]).to eq("three")
      expect(collect["snakes"]).to eq("on a plane")
      expect(collect["snack"]).to eq("cookies")
    end
  end

  describe "each_value" do
    before do
      @attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new(
        {
          "one" =>  "two",
          "hut" =>  "three",
        },
        {
          "one" =>  "four",
          "snakes" => "on a plane",
        },
        {
          "one" => "six",
          "snack" => "cookies",
        },
        {},
      )
    end

    it "should respond to each_value" do
      expect(@attributes).to respond_to(:each_value)
    end

    it "should yield each value, post merge rules" do
      collect = Array.new
      @attributes.each_value do |v|
        collect << v
      end

      expect(collect).to include("cookies")
      expect(collect).to include("three")
      expect(collect).to include("on a plane")
    end

    it "should yield four elements" do
      collect = Array.new
      @attributes.each_value do |v|
        collect << v
      end

      expect(collect.length).to eq(4)
    end
  end

  describe "empty?" do
    before do
      @attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new(
        {
          "one" =>  "two",
          "hut" =>  "three",
        },
        {
          "one" =>  "four",
          "snakes" => "on a plane",
        },
        {
          "one" => "six",
          "snack" => "cookies",
        },
        {},
      )
      @empty = Chef::Node::Attribute.new({}, {}, {}, {})
    end

    it "should respond to empty?" do
      expect(@attributes).to respond_to(:empty?)
    end

    it "should return true when there are no keys" do
      expect(@empty.empty?).to eq(true)
    end

    it "should return false when there are keys" do
      expect(@attributes.empty?).to eq(false)
    end

  end

  describe "fetch" do
    before do
      @attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new(
        {
          "one" =>  "two",
          "hut" =>  "three",
        },
        {
          "one" =>  "four",
          "snakes" => "on a plane",
        },
        {
          "one" => "six",
          "snack" => "cookies",
        },
        {},
      )
    end

    it "should respond to fetch" do
      expect(@attributes).to respond_to(:fetch)
    end

    describe "when the key exists" do
      it "should return the value of the key, post merge (same result as each)" do
        {
          "one" => "six",
          "hut" => "three",
          "snakes" => "on a plane",
          "snack" => "cookies",
        }.each do |k,v|
          expect(@attributes.fetch(k)).to eq(v)
        end
      end
    end

    describe "when the key does not exist" do
      describe "and no args are passed" do
        it "should raise an indexerror" do
          expect { @attributes.fetch("lololol") }.to raise_error(IndexError)
        end
      end

      describe "and a default arg is passed" do
        it "should return the value of the default arg" do
          expect(@attributes.fetch("lol", "blah")).to eq("blah")
        end
      end

      describe "and a block is passed" do
        it "should run the block and return its value" do
          expect(@attributes.fetch("lol") { |x| "#{x}, blah" }).to eq("lol, blah")
        end
      end
    end
  end

  describe "has_value?" do
    before do
      @attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new(
        {
          "one" =>  "two",
          "hut" =>  "three",
        },
        {
          "one" =>  "four",
          "snakes" => "on a plane",
        },
        {
          "one" => "six",
          "snack" => "cookies",
        },
        {},
      )
    end

    it "should respond to has_value?" do
      expect(@attributes).to respond_to(:has_value?)
    end

    it "should return true if any key has the value supplied" do
      expect(@attributes.has_value?("cookies")).to eq(true)
    end

    it "should return false no key has the value supplied" do
      expect(@attributes.has_value?("lololol")).to eq(false)
    end

    it "should alias value?" do
      expect(@attributes).to respond_to(:value?)
    end
  end

  describe "index" do
    # Hash#index is deprecated and triggers warnings.
    def silence
      old_verbose = $VERBOSE
      $VERBOSE = nil
      yield
    ensure
      $VERBOSE = old_verbose
    end

    before do
      @attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new(
        {
          "one" =>  "two",
          "hut" =>  "three",
        },
        {
          "one" =>  "four",
          "snakes" => "on a plane",
        },
        {
          "one" => "six",
          "snack" => "cookies",
        },
        {},
      )
    end

    it "should respond to index" do
      expect(@attributes).to respond_to(:index)
    end

    describe "when the value is indexed" do
      it "should return the index" do
        silence do
          expect(@attributes.index("six")).to eq("one")
        end
      end
    end

    describe "when the value is not indexed" do
      it "should return nil" do
        silence do
          expect(@attributes.index("lolol")).to eq(nil)
        end
      end
    end

  end

  describe "values" do
    before do
      @attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new(
        {
          "one" =>  "two",
          "hut" =>  "three",
        },
        {
          "one" =>  "four",
          "snakes" => "on a plane",
        },
        {
          "one" => "six",
          "snack" => "cookies",
        },
        {},
      )
    end

    it "should respond to values" do
      expect(@attributes).to respond_to(:values)
    end

    it "should return an array of values" do
      expect(@attributes.values.length).to eq(4)
    end

    it "should match the values output from each" do
      expect(@attributes.values).to include("six")
      expect(@attributes.values).to include("cookies")
      expect(@attributes.values).to include("three")
      expect(@attributes.values).to include("on a plane")
    end

  end

  describe "select" do
    before do
      @attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new(
        {
          "one" =>  "two",
          "hut" =>  "three",
        },
        {
          "one" =>  "four",
          "snakes" => "on a plane",
        },
        {
          "one" => "six",
          "snack" => "cookies",
        },
        {},
      )
    end

    it "should respond to select" do
      expect(@attributes).to respond_to(:select)
    end

    if RUBY_VERSION >= "1.8.7"
      it "should not raise a LocalJumpError if no block is given" do
        expect { @attributes.select }.not_to raise_error
      end
    else
      it "should raise a LocalJumpError if no block is given" do
        expect{ @attributes.select }.to raise_error(LocalJumpError)
      end
    end

    it "should return an empty hash/array (ruby-version-dependent) for a block containing nil" do
      expect(@attributes.select { nil }).to eq({}.select { nil })
    end

    # sorted for spec clarity
    it "should return a new array of k,v pairs for which the block returns true" do
      expect(@attributes.select { true }.sort).to eq(
        [
          ["hut", "three"],
          ["one", "six"],
          ["snack", "cookies"],
          ["snakes", "on a plane"],
        ]
      )
    end
  end

  describe "size" do
    before do
      @attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new(
        {
          "one" =>  "two",
          "hut" =>  "three",
        },
        {
          "one" =>  "four",
          "snakes" => "on a plane",
        },
        {
          "one" => "six",
          "snack" => "cookies",
        },
        {},
      )

      @empty = Chef::Node::Attribute.new({},{},{},{})
    end

    it "should respond to size" do
      expect(@attributes).to respond_to(:size)
    end

    it "should alias length to size" do
      expect(@attributes).to respond_to(:length)
    end

    it "should return 0 for an empty attribute" do
      expect(@empty.size).to eq(0)
    end

    it "should return the number of pairs" do
      expect(@attributes.size).to eq(4)
    end
  end

  describe "kind_of?" do
    it "should falsely inform you that it is a Hash" do
      expect(@attributes).to be_a_kind_of(Hash)
    end

    it "should falsely inform you that it is a Mash" do
      expect(@attributes).to be_a_kind_of(Mash)
    end

    it "should inform you that it is a Chef::Node::Attribute" do
      expect(@attributes).to be_a_kind_of(Chef::Node::Attribute)
    end

    it "should inform you that it is anything else" do
      expect(@attributes).not_to be_a_kind_of(Chef::Node)
    end
  end

  describe "to_s" do
    it "should output simple attributes" do
      attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new(nil, nil, nil, nil)
      expect(attributes.to_s).to eq("{}")
    end

    it "should output merged attributes" do
      default_hash = {
          "a" => 1,
          "b" => 2,
      }
      override_hash = {
          "b" => 3,
          "c" => 4,
      }
      attributes = Chef::Node::Attribute.new(nil, default_hash, override_hash, nil)
      expect(attributes.to_s).to eq('{"a"=>1, "b"=>3, "c"=>4}')
    end
  end

  describe "inspect" do
    it "should be readable" do
      # NOTE: previous implementation hid the values, showing @automatic={...}
      # That is nice and compact, but hides a lot of info, which seems counter
      # to the point of calling #inspect...
      expect(@attributes.inspect).to match(/@automatic=\{.*\}/)
      expect(@attributes.inspect).to match(/@normal=\{.*\}/)
    end
  end


  describe "when not mutated" do

    it "does not reset the cache when dup'd [CHEF-3680]" do
      @attributes.default[:foo][:bar] = "set on original"
      subtree = @attributes[:foo]
      @attributes.default[:foo].dup[:bar] = "set on dup"
      expect(subtree[:bar]).to eq("set on original")
    end

  end

  describe "when setting a component attribute to a new value" do
    it "converts the input in to a VividMash tree (default)" do
      @attributes.default = {}
      @attributes.default.foo = "bar"
      expect(@attributes.merged_attributes[:foo]).to eq("bar")
    end

    it "converts the input in to a VividMash tree (normal)" do
      @attributes.normal = {}
      @attributes.normal.foo = "bar"
      expect(@attributes.merged_attributes[:foo]).to eq("bar")
    end

    it "converts the input in to a VividMash tree (override)" do
      @attributes.override = {}
      @attributes.override.foo = "bar"
      expect(@attributes.merged_attributes[:foo]).to eq("bar")
    end

    it "converts the input in to a VividMash tree (automatic)" do
      @attributes.automatic = {}
      @attributes.automatic.foo = "bar"
      expect(@attributes.merged_attributes[:foo]).to eq("bar")
    end
  end

  describe "when deep-merging between precedence levels" do
    it "correctly deep merges hashes and preserves the original contents" do
      @attributes.default = { "arglebargle" => { "foo" => "bar" } }
      @attributes.override = { "arglebargle" => { "fizz" => "buzz" } }
      expect(@attributes.merged_attributes[:arglebargle]).to eq({ "foo" => "bar", "fizz" => "buzz" })
      expect(@attributes.default[:arglebargle]).to eq({ "foo" => "bar" })
      expect(@attributes.override[:arglebargle]).to eq({ "fizz" => "buzz" })
    end

    it "does not deep merge arrays, and preserves the original contents" do
      @attributes.default = { "arglebargle" => [ 1, 2, 3 ] }
      @attributes.override = { "arglebargle" => [ 4, 5, 6 ] }
      expect(@attributes.merged_attributes[:arglebargle]).to eq([ 4, 5, 6 ])
      expect(@attributes.default[:arglebargle]).to eq([ 1, 2, 3 ])
      expect(@attributes.override[:arglebargle]).to eq([ 4, 5, 6 ])
    end

    it "correctly deep merges hashes and preserves the original contents when merging default and role_default" do
      @attributes.default = { "arglebargle" => { "foo" => "bar" } }
      @attributes.role_default = { "arglebargle" => { "fizz" => "buzz" } }
      expect(@attributes.merged_attributes[:arglebargle]).to eq({ "foo" => "bar", "fizz" => "buzz" })
      expect(@attributes.default[:arglebargle]).to eq({ "foo" => "bar" })
      expect(@attributes.role_default[:arglebargle]).to eq({ "fizz" => "buzz" })
    end

    it "correctly deep merges arrays, and preserves the original contents when merging default and role_default" do
      @attributes.default = { "arglebargle" => [ 1, 2, 3 ] }
      @attributes.role_default = { "arglebargle" => [ 4, 5, 6 ] }
      expect(@attributes.merged_attributes[:arglebargle]).to eq([ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ])
      expect(@attributes.default[:arglebargle]).to eq([ 1, 2, 3 ])
      expect(@attributes.role_default[:arglebargle]).to eq([ 4, 5, 6 ])
    end
  end

  describe "when attemping to write without specifying precedence" do
    it "raises an error when using []=" do
      expect { @attributes[:new_key] = "new value" }.to raise_error(Chef::Exceptions::ImmutableAttributeModification)
    end

    it "raises an error when using `attr=value`" do
      expect { @attributes.new_key = "new value" }.to raise_error(Chef::Exceptions::ImmutableAttributeModification)
    end

  end

end