| Commit message (Collapse) | Author | Age | Files | Lines |
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On a hash miss we need to call default if it is redefined in order to
return the default value to be used. Previously we checked this with
rb_method_basic_definition_p, which avoids the method call but requires
a method lookup.
This commit replaces the previous check with BASIC_OP_UNREDEFINED_P and
a new BOP_DEFAULT. We still need to fall back to
rb_method_basic_definition_p when called on a subclasss of hash.
| |compare-ruby|built-ruby|
|:---------------|-----------:|---------:|
|hash_aref_miss | 2.692| 3.531|
| | -| 1.31x|
Co-authored-by: Daniel Colson <danieljamescolson@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: "Ian C. Anderson" <ian@iancanderson.com>
Co-authored-by: Jack McCracken <me@jackmc.xyz>
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SIZE_POOL_COUNT is a GC macro, it should belong in gc.h and not shape.h.
SIZE_POOL_COUNT doesn't depend on shape.h so we can have shape.h depend
on gc.h.
Co-Authored-By: Matt Valentine-House <matt@eightbitraptor.com>
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When an object becomes "too complex" (in other words it has too many
variations in the shape tree), we transition it to use a "too complex"
shape and use a hash for storing instance variables.
Without this patch, there were rare cases where shape tree growth could
"explode" and cause performance degradation on what would otherwise have
been cached fast paths.
This patch puts a limit on shape tree growth, and gracefully degrades in
the rare case where there could be a factorial growth in the shape tree.
For example:
```ruby
class NG; end
HUGE_NUMBER.times do
NG.new.instance_variable_set(:"@unique_ivar_#{_1}", 1)
end
```
We consider objects to be "too complex" when the object's class has more
than SHAPE_MAX_VARIATIONS (currently 8) leaf nodes in the shape tree and
the object introduces a new variation (a new leaf node) associated with
that class.
For example, new variations on instances of the following class would be
considered "too complex" because those instances create more than 8
leaves in the shape tree:
```ruby
class Foo; end
9.times { Foo.new.instance_variable_set(":@uniq_#{_1}", 1) }
```
However, the following class is *not* too complex because it only has
one leaf in the shape tree:
```ruby
class Foo
def initialize
@a = @b = @c = @d = @e = @f = @g = @h = @i = nil
end
end
9.times { Foo.new }
``
This case is rare, so we don't expect this change to impact performance
of most applications, but it needs to be handled.
Co-Authored-By: Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
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Count how many "variations" each class creates. A "variation" is a a
unique ordering of instance variables on a particular class. This can
also be thought of as a branch in the shape tree.
For example, the following Foo class will have 2 variations:
```ruby
class Foo ; end
Foo.new.instance_variable_set(:@a, 1) # case 1: creates one variation
Foo.new.instance_variable_set(:@b, 1) # case 2: creates another variation
foo = Foo.new
foo.instance_variable_set(:@a, 1) # does not create a new variation
foo.instance_variable_set(:@b, 1) # does not create a new variation (a continuation of the variation in case 1)
```
We will use this number to limit the amount of shapes that a class can
create and fallback to using a hash iv lookup.
Co-Authored-By: Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
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We want to hint to the compiler that it's likely that the BOP is
unredefined (the bit is 0). Previously we were accidentally hinting to
the compiler that it was non-zero due to a misplaced parenthesis.
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Prior to this commit the `OPTIMIZED_CMP` macro relied on a method lookup
to determine whether `<=>` was overridden. The result of the lookup was
cached, but only for the duration of the specific method that
initialized the cmp_opt_data cache structure.
With this method lookup, `[x,y].max` is slower than doing `x > y ?
x : y` even though there's an optimized instruction for "new array max".
(John noticed somebody a proposed micro-optimization based on this fact
in https://github.com/mastodon/mastodon/pull/19903.)
```rb
a, b = 1, 2
Benchmark.ips do |bm|
bm.report('conditional') { a > b ? a : b }
bm.report('method') { [a, b].max }
bm.compare!
end
```
Before:
```
Comparison:
conditional: 22603733.2 i/s
method: 19820412.7 i/s - 1.14x (± 0.00) slower
```
This commit replaces the method lookup with a new CMP basic op, which
gives the examples above equivalent performance.
After:
```
Comparison:
method: 24022466.5 i/s
conditional: 23851094.2 i/s - same-ish: difference falls within
error
```
Relevant benchmarks show an improvement to Array#max and Array#min when
not using the optimized newarray_max instruction as well. They are
noticeably faster for small arrays with the relevant types, and the same
or maybe a touch faster on larger arrays.
```
$ make benchmark COMPARE_RUBY=<master@5958c305> ITEM=array_min
$ make benchmark COMPARE_RUBY=<master@5958c305> ITEM=array_max
```
The benchmarks added in this commit also look generally improved.
Co-authored-by: John Hawthorn <jhawthorn@github.com>
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This commit moves ruby_basic_operators and the unredefined macros out of
vm_core.h and into basic_operators.h so that we can use them more
broadly in places where we currently use a method look up via
`rb_method_basic_definition_p` (e.g. object.c, numeric.c, complex.c,
enum.c, but also in internal/compar.h after introducing BOP_CMP and
elsewhere if we introduce more BOPs)
The most controversial part of this change is probably moving
redefined_flag out of rb_vm_t. [vm_opt_method_def_table and
vm_opt_mid_table](https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/9da2a5204f32a4f2ce135fddde2abb6e07d647e9/vm.c)
are not part of rb_vm_t either, and I think this fits well with those.
But more significantly it seems to result in one fewer instruction. For
example:
Before:
```
(lldb) disassemble -n vm_opt_str_freeze
miniruby`vm_exec_core:
miniruby[0x10028233e] <+14558>: movq 0x11a86b(%rip), %rax ; ruby_current_vm_ptr
miniruby[0x100282345] <+14565>: testb $0x4, 0x242c(%rax)
```
After:
```
(lldb) disassemble -n vm_opt_str_freeze
ruby`vm_exec_core:
ruby[0x100280ebe] <+14510>: testb $0x4, 0x120147(%rip) ; ruby_vm_redefined_flag + 43
```
Co-authored-by: John Hawthorn <jhawthorn@github.com>
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obj_ivar_set and vm_setivar_slowpath is essentially doing the same thing,
but the code is duplicated and not quite implemented in the same way,
which could cause bugs. This commit refactors vm_setivar_slowpath to use
obj_ivar_set.
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Implementation for Language Server Protocol (LSP) sometimes needs token information.
For example both `m(1)` and `m(1, )` has same AST structure other than node locations
then it's impossible to check the existence of `,` from AST. However in later case,
it might be better to suggest variables list for the second argument.
Token information is important for such case.
This commit adds these methods.
* Add `keep_tokens` option for `RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse`, `.parse_file` and `.of`
* Add `RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node#tokens` which returns tokens for the node including tokens for descendants nodes.
* Add `RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree::Node#all_tokens` which returns all tokens for the input script regardless the receiver node.
[Feature #19070]
Impacts on memory usage and performance are below:
Memory usage:
```
$ cat test.rb
root = RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse_file(File.expand_path('../test/ruby/test_keyword.rb', __FILE__), keep_tokens: true)
$ /usr/bin/time -f %Mkb /usr/local/bin/ruby -v
ruby 3.2.0dev (2022-11-19T09:41:54Z 19070-keep_tokens d3af1b8057) [x86_64-linux]
11408kb
# keep_tokens :false
$ /usr/bin/time -f %Mkb /usr/local/bin/ruby test.rb
17508kb
# keep_tokens :true
$ /usr/bin/time -f %Mkb /usr/local/bin/ruby test.rb
30960kb
```
Performance:
```
$ cat ../ast_keep_tokens.yml
prelude: |
src = <<~SRC
module M
class C
def m1(a, b)
1 + a + b
end
end
end
SRC
benchmark:
without_keep_tokens: |
RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse(src, keep_tokens: false)
with_keep_tokens: |
RubyVM::AbstractSyntaxTree.parse(src, keep_tokens: true)
$ make benchmark COMPARE_RUBY="./ruby" ARGS=../ast_keep_tokens.yml
/home/kaneko.y/.rbenv/shims/ruby --disable=gems -rrubygems -I../benchmark/lib ../benchmark/benchmark-driver/exe/benchmark-driver \
--executables="compare-ruby::./ruby -I.ext/common --disable-gem" \
--executables="built-ruby::./miniruby -I../lib -I. -I.ext/common ../tool/runruby.rb --extout=.ext -- --disable-gems --disable-gem" \
--output=markdown --output-compare -v ../ast_keep_tokens.yml
compare-ruby: ruby 3.2.0dev (2022-11-19T09:41:54Z 19070-keep_tokens d3af1b8057) [x86_64-linux]
built-ruby: ruby 3.2.0dev (2022-11-19T09:41:54Z 19070-keep_tokens d3af1b8057) [x86_64-linux]
warming up..
| |compare-ruby|built-ruby|
|:--------------------|-----------:|---------:|
|without_keep_tokens | 21.659k| 21.303k|
| | 1.02x| -|
|with_keep_tokens | 6.220k| 5.691k|
| | 1.09x| -|
```
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This commit adds a `capacity` field to shapes, and adds shape
transitions whenever an object's capacity changes. Objects which are
allocated out of a bigger size pool will also make a transition from the
root shape to the shape with the correct capacity for their size pool
when they are allocated.
This commit will allow us to remove numiv from objects completely, and
will also mean we can guarantee that if two objects share shapes, their
IVs are in the same positions (an embedded and extended object cannot
share shapes). This will enable us to implement ivar sets in YJIT using
object shapes.
Co-Authored-By: Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
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The ELTS_SHARED flag is generic, so we should prefer to use the flags
specific of the type (STR_SHARED for strings and RARRAY_SHARED_FLAG
for arrays).
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* Avoid RCLASS_IV_TBL in marshal.c
* Avoid RCLASS_IV_TBL for class names
* Avoid RCLASS_IV_TBL for autoload
* Avoid RCLASS_IV_TBL for class variables
* Avoid copying RCLASS_IV_TBL onto ICLASSes
* Use object shapes for Class and Module IVs
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* YJIT: Lazily enable YJIT after prelude
* Update dependencies
* Use a bit field for opt->yjit
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Before object shapes, we were using class serial to invalidate
inline caches. Now that we use shape_id for inline cache keys,
the class serial is unnecessary.
Co-Authored-By: Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
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This patch pushes dummy frames when loading code for the
profiling purpose.
The following methods push a dummy frame:
* `Kernel#require`
* `Kernel#load`
* `RubyVM::InstructionSequence.compile_file`
* `RubyVM::InstructionSequence.load_from_binary`
https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/18559
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This solves multiple problems.
First, RB_VM_LOCK_ENTER/LEAVE is a barrier. We could at least use the
_NO_BARRIER variant.
Second, this doesn't need to interfere with GC or other GVL users when
multiple Ractors are used. This needs to be used in very few places, so
the benefit of fine-grained locking would outweigh its small maintenance
cost.
Third, it fixes a crash for YJIT. Because YJIT is never disabled until a
process exits unlike MJIT that finishes earlier, we could call jit_cont_free
when EC no longer exists, which crashes RB_VM_LOCK_ENTER.
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* Make mjit_cont sharable with YJIT
* Update dependencies
* Update YJIT binding
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We should make this function static and remove it from YJIT bindings.
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This reverts commit 9a6803c90b817f70389cae10d60b50ad752da48f.
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If this option is enabled, SyntaxError is not raised and Node is
returned even if passed script is broken.
[Feature #19013]
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This reverts commit 68bc9e2e97d12f80df0d113e284864e225f771c2.
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Object Shapes is used for accessing instance variables and representing the
"frozenness" of objects. Object instances have a "shape" and the shape
represents some attributes of the object (currently which instance variables are
set and the "frozenness"). Shapes form a tree data structure, and when a new
instance variable is set on an object, that object "transitions" to a new shape
in the shape tree. Each shape has an ID that is used for caching. The shape
structure is independent of class, so objects of different types can have the
same shape.
For example:
```ruby
class Foo
def initialize
# Starts with shape id 0
@a = 1 # transitions to shape id 1
@b = 1 # transitions to shape id 2
end
end
class Bar
def initialize
# Starts with shape id 0
@a = 1 # transitions to shape id 1
@b = 1 # transitions to shape id 2
end
end
foo = Foo.new # `foo` has shape id 2
bar = Bar.new # `bar` has shape id 2
```
Both `foo` and `bar` instances have the same shape because they both set
instance variables of the same name in the same order.
This technique can help to improve inline cache hits as well as generate more
efficient machine code in JIT compilers.
This commit also adds some methods for debugging shapes on objects. See
`RubyVM::Shape` for more details.
For more context on Object Shapes, see [Feature: #18776]
Co-Authored-By: Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
Co-Authored-By: Eileen M. Uchitelle <eileencodes@gmail.com>
Co-Authored-By: John Hawthorn <john@hawthorn.email>
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Revert "* expand tabs. [ci skip]"
This reverts commit 830b5b5c351c5c6efa5ad461ae4ec5085e5f0275.
Revert "This commit implements the Object Shapes technique in CRuby."
This reverts commit 9ddfd2ca004d1952be79cf1b84c52c79a55978f4.
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Object Shapes is used for accessing instance variables and representing the
"frozenness" of objects. Object instances have a "shape" and the shape
represents some attributes of the object (currently which instance variables are
set and the "frozenness"). Shapes form a tree data structure, and when a new
instance variable is set on an object, that object "transitions" to a new shape
in the shape tree. Each shape has an ID that is used for caching. The shape
structure is independent of class, so objects of different types can have the
same shape.
For example:
```ruby
class Foo
def initialize
# Starts with shape id 0
@a = 1 # transitions to shape id 1
@b = 1 # transitions to shape id 2
end
end
class Bar
def initialize
# Starts with shape id 0
@a = 1 # transitions to shape id 1
@b = 1 # transitions to shape id 2
end
end
foo = Foo.new # `foo` has shape id 2
bar = Bar.new # `bar` has shape id 2
```
Both `foo` and `bar` instances have the same shape because they both set
instance variables of the same name in the same order.
This technique can help to improve inline cache hits as well as generate more
efficient machine code in JIT compilers.
This commit also adds some methods for debugging shapes on objects. See
`RubyVM::Shape` for more details.
For more context on Object Shapes, see [Feature: #18776]
Co-Authored-By: Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
Co-Authored-By: Eileen M. Uchitelle <eileencodes@gmail.com>
Co-Authored-By: John Hawthorn <john@hawthorn.email>
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This reverts commit b9f030954a8a1572032f3548b39c5b8ac35792ce.
[Bug #18170]
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UTF-16/UTF-32
* And simplify callers of get_actual_encoding().
* See [Feature #18949].
* See https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/6322#issuecomment-1242758474
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rb_ary_tmp_new suggests that the array is temporary in some way, but
that's not true, it just creates an array that's hidden and not on the
transient heap. This commit renames it to rb_ary_hidden_new.
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The RARRAY_LITERAL_FLAG was added in commit
5871ecf956711fcacad7c03f2aef95115ed25bc4 to improve CoW performance for
array literals by not keeping track of reference counts.
This commit reverts that commit and has an alternate implementation that
is more generic for all frozen arrays. Since frozen arrays cannot be
modified, we don't need to set the RARRAY_SHARED_ROOT_FLAG and we don't
need to do reference counting.
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Move some macros in array.c to internal/array.h so that other files
can also access these macros.
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This commit prevents the stack from being marked twice: once via the
Fiber, and once via the Thread. It introduces an assertion to assert
that the ec on the thread is the same as the ec on the Fiber being
marked via the thread.
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Prior to this commit it was possible to call `ObjectSpace._id2ref` with
an offset static symbol object_id and get back a new, incorrectly tagged
symbol:
```
> sensible_sym = ObjectSpace._id2ref(:a.object_id)
=> :a
> nonsense_sym = ObjectSpace._id2ref(:a.object_id + 40)
=> :a
> sensible_sym == nonsense_sym
=> false
```
`nonsense_sym` ends up tagged with `RUBY_ID_INSTANCE` instead of
`RB_ID_LOCAL`. That means we can do silly things like:
```
> foo = Object.new
> foo.instance_variable_set(:a, 123)
(irb):2:in `instance_variable_set': `a' is not allowed as an instance variable name (NameError)
> foo.instance_variable_set(ObjectSpace._id2ref(:a.object_id + 40), 123)
=> 123
> foo.instance_variables
=> [:a]
```
This was happening because `get_id_entry` ignores the tag bits when
looking up the symbol. So `rb_id2str(symid)` would return a value and
then we'd continue on with the nonsense `symid`.
This commit prevents the situation by checking that the `symid` actually
matches what we get back from `get_id_entry`. Now we get a `RangeError`
for the nonsense id:
```
> ObjectSpace._id2ref(:a.object_id)
=> :a
> ObjectSpace._id2ref(:a.object_id + 40)
(irb):1:in `_id2ref': 0x000000000013f408 is not symbol id value (RangeError)
```
Co-authored-by: John Hawthorn <jhawthorn@github.com>
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Array created as literals during iseq compilation don't need a
reference count since they can never be modified. The previous
implementation would mutate the hidden array's reference count,
causing copy-on-write invalidation.
This commit adds a RARRAY_LITERAL_FLAG for arrays created through
rb_ary_literal_new. Arrays created with this flag do not have reference
count stored and just assume they have infinite number of references.
Co-authored-by: Jean Boussier <jean.boussier@gmail.com>
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This commit enables Arrays to move between size pools during compaction.
This can occur if the array is mutated such that it would fit in a
different size pool when embedded.
The move is carried out in two stages:
1. The RVALUE is moved to a destination heap during object movement
phase of compaction
2. The array data is re-embedded and the original buffer free'd if
required. This happens during the update references step
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This fixes invalid and inconsistent results for the Fixnum*Fixnum case
where the result of the multiplication does not fit in 64-bit
on OpenBSD/mips64. For example:
$ for x in 1 23; do ruby31 -e 'p(54306000000000*86400)'; done
14409380628474329524
11410664325873689790
Cases where an argument was Bignum, as well as cases where the result
of the multiplication fits in 64-bit are fine:
$ for x in 1 23; do ruby31 -e 'p(54306000*86400)'; done
4692038400000
4692038400000
$ for x in 1 23; do ruby31 -e 'p(5430600000000000000000*86400)'; done
469203840000000000000000000
469203840000000000000000000
This was originally discovered by running the tests for the openssl gem
on OpenBSD/mips64 and having one test fail for a date far in the future.
I eventually traced this to the generic multiplication issue.
The underlying cause is using the int128_t type. This avoids use of the
int128_t type in this case, falling back to the slower conversion code,
which in the overflow case, turns the Fixnums into Bignums, then
performs the multiplication.
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This was a public method, so we should probably keep it.
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And re-embed any strings that can now fit inside the slot they've been
moved to
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rb_imemo_new is defined again later in the file.
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This reverts commit 9d927204e7b86eb00bfd07a060a6383139edf741.
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