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visudo(8) MAINTENANCE COMMANDS visudo(8)
NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE
visudo - edit the sudoers file
SSSSYYYYNNNNOOOOPPPPSSSSIIIISSSS
vvvviiiissssuuuuddddoooo [ ----ssss ] [ ----VVVV ]
DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN
vvvviiiissssuuuuddddoooo edits the _s_u_d_o_e_r_s file in a safe fashion, analogous
to _v_i_p_w(8). vvvviiiissssuuuuddddoooo locks the _s_u_d_o_e_r_s file against
multiple simultaneous edits, provides basic sanity checks,
and checks for parse errors. If the _s_u_d_o_e_r_s file is
currently being edited you will receive a message to try
again later. In the default configuration, the _v_i(1)
editor is used, but there is a compile time option to
allow use of whatever editor the environment variables
EDITOR or VISUAL are set to.
vvvviiiissssuuuuddddoooo parses the _s_u_d_o_e_r_s file after the edit and will not
save the changes if there is a syntax error. Upon finding
an error, a message will be printed stating the line
_n_u_m_b_e_r(s) that the error occurred on and the user will
receive the "What now?" prompt. At this point the user
may enter "e" to re-edit the _s_u_d_o_e_r_s file, enter "x" to
exit without saving the changes, or "Q" to quit and save
changes. The "Q" option should be used with extreme care
because if vvvviiiissssuuuuddddoooo believes there to be a parse error, so
will ssssuuuuddddoooo and no one will be able to execute ssssuuuuddddoooo again
until the error is fixed. Any other command at this
prompt will print a short help message. When editing the
_s_u_d_o_e_r_s file after a parse error has been detected the
cursor will be placed on the line where the error occurred
(if the editor supports this feature).
OOOOPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS
vvvviiiissssuuuuddddoooo accepts the following command line option:
-s Enable ssssttttrrrriiiicccctttt checking of the _s_u_d_o_e_r_s file. If an
alias is used before it is defined, vvvviiiissssuuuuddddoooo will
consider this a parse error. Note that it is not
possible to differentiate between an alias and a
hostname or username that consists solely of upper
case letters, digits, and the underscore ('_')
character.
-V The -V (version) option causes vvvviiiissssuuuuddddoooo to print the
version number and exit.
EEEERRRRRRRROOOORRRRSSSS
sudoers file busy, try again later.
Someone else is currently editing the _s_u_d_o_e_r_s file.
/etc/sudoers.tmp: Permission denied
You didn't run vvvviiiissssuuuuddddoooo as root.
4/Dec/1999 1.6.2 1
visudo(8) MAINTENANCE COMMANDS visudo(8)
Can't find you in the passwd database
Your userid does not appear in the system passwd file.
Warning: undeclared Alias referenced near ...
Either you are using a {User,Runas,Host,Cmnd}_Alias
before defining it or you have a user or hostname
listed that consists solely of upper case letters,
digits, and the underscore ('_') character. If the
latter, you can ignore the warnings (ssssuuuuddddoooo will not
complain). In ----ssss (strict) mode these are errors not
warnings.
EEEENNNNVVVVIIIIRRRROOOONNNNMMMMEEEENNNNTTTT
The following environment variables are used only if
vvvviiiissssuuuuddddoooo was configured with the _-_-_w_i_t_h_-_e_n_v_-_e_d_i_t_o_r option:
EDITOR Used by visudo as the editor to use
VISUAL Used by visudo if EDITOR is not set
FFFFIIIILLLLEEEESSSS
/etc/sudoers List of who can run what
/etc/sudoers.tmp Lock file for visudo
AAAAUUUUTTTTHHHHOOOORRRR
Many people have worked on _s_u_d_o over the years, this
version of vvvviiiissssuuuuddddoooo was written by:
Todd Miller <Todd.Miller@courtesan.com>
See the HISTORY file in the sudo distribution for more
details.
BBBBUUUUGGGGSSSS
If you feel you have found a bug in sudo, please submit a
bug report at http://www.courtesan.com/sudo/bugs/
DDDDIIIISSSSCCCCLLLLAAAAIIIIMMMMEEEERRRR
VVVViiiissssuuuuddddoooo is provided ``AS IS'' and any express or implied
warranties, including, but not limited to, the implied
warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular
purpose are disclaimed. See the LICENSE file distributed
with ssssuuuuddddoooo for complete details.
CCCCAAAAVVVVEEEEAAAATTTTSSSS
There is no easy way to prevent a user from gaining a root
shell if the editor used by vvvviiiissssuuuuddddoooo allows shell escapes.
SSSSEEEEEEEE AAAALLLLSSSSOOOO
_s_u_d_o(8), _v_i_p_w(8).
4/Dec/1999 1.6.2 2
visudo(8) MAINTENANCE COMMANDS visudo(8)
4/Dec/1999 1.6.2 3
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