/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+ */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #if HAVE_PCRE2 # define PCRE2_CODE_UNIT_WIDTH 8 # include #endif #include "sd-bus.h" #include "sd-device.h" #include "sd-journal.h" #include "acl-util.h" #include "alloc-util.h" #include "bus-error.h" #include "bus-util.h" #include "catalog.h" #include "chattr-util.h" #include "def.h" #include "device-private.h" #include "fd-util.h" #include "fileio.h" #include "format-util.h" #include "fs-util.h" #include "fsprg.h" #include "glob-util.h" #include "hostname-util.h" #include "id128-print.h" #include "io-util.h" #include "journal-def.h" #include "journal-internal.h" #include "journal-qrcode.h" #include "journal-util.h" #include "journal-vacuum.h" #include "journal-verify.h" #include "locale-util.h" #include "log.h" #include "logs-show.h" #include "memory-util.h" #include "mkdir.h" #include "mountpoint-util.h" #include "nulstr-util.h" #include "pager.h" #include "parse-util.h" #include "path-util.h" #include "pretty-print.h" #include "rlimit-util.h" #include "set.h" #include "sigbus.h" #include "string-table.h" #include "strv.h" #include "syslog-util.h" #include "terminal-util.h" #include "tmpfile-util.h" #include "unit-name.h" #include "user-util.h" #include "varlink.h" #define DEFAULT_FSS_INTERVAL_USEC (15*USEC_PER_MINUTE) #define PROCESS_INOTIFY_INTERVAL 1024 /* Every 1,024 messages processed */ #if HAVE_PCRE2 DEFINE_TRIVIAL_CLEANUP_FUNC(pcre2_match_data*, pcre2_match_data_free); DEFINE_TRIVIAL_CLEANUP_FUNC(pcre2_code*, pcre2_code_free); static int pattern_compile(const char *pattern, unsigned flags, pcre2_code **out) { int errorcode, r; PCRE2_SIZE erroroffset; pcre2_code *p; p = pcre2_compile((PCRE2_SPTR8) pattern, PCRE2_ZERO_TERMINATED, flags, &errorcode, &erroroffset, NULL); if (!p) { unsigned char buf[LINE_MAX]; r = pcre2_get_error_message(errorcode, buf, sizeof buf); return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Bad pattern \"%s\": %s", pattern, r < 0 ? "unknown error" : (char *)buf); } *out = p; return 0; } #endif enum { /* Special values for arg_lines */ ARG_LINES_DEFAULT = -2, ARG_LINES_ALL = -1, }; static OutputMode arg_output = OUTPUT_SHORT; static bool arg_utc = false; static bool arg_follow = false; static bool arg_full = true; static bool arg_all = false; static PagerFlags arg_pager_flags = 0; static int arg_lines = ARG_LINES_DEFAULT; static bool arg_no_tail = false; static bool arg_quiet = false; static bool arg_merge = false; static bool arg_boot = false; static sd_id128_t arg_boot_id = {}; static int arg_boot_offset = 0; static bool arg_dmesg = false; static bool arg_no_hostname = false; static const char *arg_cursor = NULL; static const char *arg_cursor_file = NULL; static const char *arg_after_cursor = NULL; static bool arg_show_cursor = false; static const char *arg_directory = NULL; static char **arg_file = NULL; static bool arg_file_stdin = false; static int arg_priorities = 0xFF; static char *arg_verify_key = NULL; #if HAVE_GCRYPT static usec_t arg_interval = DEFAULT_FSS_INTERVAL_USEC; static bool arg_force = false; #endif static usec_t arg_since, arg_until; static bool arg_since_set = false, arg_until_set = false; static char **arg_syslog_identifier = NULL; static char **arg_system_units = NULL; static char **arg_user_units = NULL; static const char *arg_field = NULL; static bool arg_catalog = false; static bool arg_reverse = false; static int arg_journal_type = 0; static char *arg_root = NULL; static const char *arg_machine = NULL; static uint64_t arg_vacuum_size = 0; static uint64_t arg_vacuum_n_files = 0; static usec_t arg_vacuum_time = 0; static char **arg_output_fields = NULL; #if HAVE_PCRE2 static const char *arg_pattern = NULL; static pcre2_code *arg_compiled_pattern = NULL; static int arg_case_sensitive = -1; /* -1 means be smart */ #endif static enum { ACTION_SHOW, ACTION_NEW_ID128, ACTION_PRINT_HEADER, ACTION_SETUP_KEYS, ACTION_VERIFY, ACTION_DISK_USAGE, ACTION_LIST_CATALOG, ACTION_DUMP_CATALOG, ACTION_UPDATE_CATALOG, ACTION_LIST_BOOTS, ACTION_FLUSH, ACTION_RELINQUISH_VAR, ACTION_SYNC, ACTION_ROTATE, ACTION_VACUUM, ACTION_ROTATE_AND_VACUUM, ACTION_LIST_FIELDS, ACTION_LIST_FIELD_NAMES, } arg_action = ACTION_SHOW; typedef struct BootId { sd_id128_t id; uint64_t first; uint64_t last; LIST_FIELDS(struct BootId, boot_list); } BootId; static int add_matches_for_device(sd_journal *j, const char *devpath) { _cleanup_(sd_device_unrefp) sd_device *device = NULL; sd_device *d = NULL; struct stat st; int r; assert(j); assert(devpath); if (!path_startswith(devpath, "/dev/")) { log_error("Devpath does not start with /dev/"); return -EINVAL; } if (stat(devpath, &st) < 0) return log_error_errno(errno, "Couldn't stat file: %m"); r = device_new_from_stat_rdev(&device, &st); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get device from devnum %u:%u: %m", major(st.st_rdev), minor(st.st_rdev)); for (d = device; d; ) { _cleanup_free_ char *match = NULL; const char *subsys, *sysname, *devnode; sd_device *parent; r = sd_device_get_subsystem(d, &subsys); if (r < 0) goto get_parent; r = sd_device_get_sysname(d, &sysname); if (r < 0) goto get_parent; match = strjoin("_KERNEL_DEVICE=+", subsys, ":", sysname); if (!match) return log_oom(); r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, 0); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match: %m"); if (sd_device_get_devname(d, &devnode) >= 0) { _cleanup_free_ char *match1 = NULL; r = stat(devnode, &st); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to stat() device node \"%s\": %m", devnode); r = asprintf(&match1, "_KERNEL_DEVICE=%c%u:%u", S_ISBLK(st.st_mode) ? 'b' : 'c', major(st.st_rdev), minor(st.st_rdev)); if (r < 0) return log_oom(); r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match1, 0); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match: %m"); } get_parent: if (sd_device_get_parent(d, &parent) < 0) break; d = parent; } r = add_match_this_boot(j, arg_machine); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match for the current boot: %m"); return 0; } static char *format_timestamp_maybe_utc(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) { if (arg_utc) return format_timestamp_utc(buf, l, t); return format_timestamp(buf, l, t); } static int parse_boot_descriptor(const char *x, sd_id128_t *boot_id, int *offset) { sd_id128_t id = SD_ID128_NULL; int off = 0, r; if (streq(x, "all")) { *boot_id = SD_ID128_NULL; *offset = 0; return 0; } else if (strlen(x) >= 32) { char *t; t = strndupa(x, 32); r = sd_id128_from_string(t, &id); if (r >= 0) x += 32; if (!IN_SET(*x, 0, '-', '+')) return -EINVAL; if (*x != 0) { r = safe_atoi(x, &off); if (r < 0) return r; } } else { r = safe_atoi(x, &off); if (r < 0) return r; } if (boot_id) *boot_id = id; if (offset) *offset = off; return 1; } static int help(void) { _cleanup_free_ char *link = NULL; int r; (void) pager_open(arg_pager_flags); r = terminal_urlify_man("journalctl", "1", &link); if (r < 0) return log_oom(); printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [MATCHES...]\n\n" "%sQuery the journal.%s\n\n" "Options:\n" " --system Show the system journal\n" " --user Show the user journal for the current user\n" " -M --machine=CONTAINER Operate on local container\n" " -S --since=DATE Show entries not older than the specified date\n" " -U --until=DATE Show entries not newer than the specified date\n" " -c --cursor=CURSOR Show entries starting at the specified cursor\n" " --after-cursor=CURSOR Show entries after the specified cursor\n" " --show-cursor Print the cursor after all the entries\n" " --cursor-file=FILE Show entries after cursor in FILE and update FILE\n" " -b --boot[=ID] Show current boot or the specified boot\n" " --list-boots Show terse information about recorded boots\n" " -k --dmesg Show kernel message log from the current boot\n" " -u --unit=UNIT Show logs from the specified unit\n" " --user-unit=UNIT Show logs from the specified user unit\n" " -t --identifier=STRING Show entries with the specified syslog identifier\n" " -p --priority=RANGE Show entries with the specified priority\n" " -g --grep=PATTERN Show entries with MESSAGE matching PATTERN\n" " --case-sensitive[=BOOL] Force case sensitive or insenstive matching\n" " -e --pager-end Immediately jump to the end in the pager\n" " -f --follow Follow the journal\n" " -n --lines[=INTEGER] Number of journal entries to show\n" " --no-tail Show all lines, even in follow mode\n" " -r --reverse Show the newest entries first\n" " -o --output=STRING Change journal output mode (short, short-precise,\n" " short-iso, short-iso-precise, short-full,\n" " short-monotonic, short-unix, verbose, export,\n" " json, json-pretty, json-sse, json-seq, cat,\n" " with-unit)\n" " --output-fields=LIST Select fields to print in verbose/export/json modes\n" " --utc Express time in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)\n" " -x --catalog Add message explanations where available\n" " --no-full Ellipsize fields\n" " -a --all Show all fields, including long and unprintable\n" " -q --quiet Do not show info messages and privilege warning\n" " --no-pager Do not pipe output into a pager\n" " --no-hostname Suppress output of hostname field\n" " -m --merge Show entries from all available journals\n" " -D --directory=PATH Show journal files from directory\n" " --file=PATH Show journal file\n" " --root=ROOT Operate on files below a root directory\n" " --interval=TIME Time interval for changing the FSS sealing key\n" " --verify-key=KEY Specify FSS verification key\n" " --force Override of the FSS key pair with --setup-keys\n" "\nCommands:\n" " -h --help Show this help text\n" " --version Show package version\n" " -N --fields List all field names currently used\n" " -F --field=FIELD List all values that a specified field takes\n" " --disk-usage Show total disk usage of all journal files\n" " --vacuum-size=BYTES Reduce disk usage below specified size\n" " --vacuum-files=INT Leave only the specified number of journal files\n" " --vacuum-time=TIME Remove journal files older than specified time\n" " --verify Verify journal file consistency\n" " --sync Synchronize unwritten journal messages to disk\n" " --relinquish-var Stop logging to disk, log to temporary file system\n" " --smart-relinquish-var Similar, but NOP if log directory is on root mount\n" " --flush Flush all journal data from /run into /var\n" " --rotate Request immediate rotation of the journal files\n" " --header Show journal header information\n" " --list-catalog Show all message IDs in the catalog\n" " --dump-catalog Show entries in the message catalog\n" " --update-catalog Update the message catalog database\n" " --setup-keys Generate a new FSS key pair\n" "\nSee the %s for details.\n" , program_invocation_short_name , ansi_highlight(), ansi_normal() , link ); return 0; } static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) { enum { ARG_VERSION = 0x100, ARG_NO_PAGER, ARG_NO_FULL, ARG_NO_TAIL, ARG_NEW_ID128, ARG_THIS_BOOT, ARG_LIST_BOOTS, ARG_USER, ARG_SYSTEM, ARG_ROOT, ARG_HEADER, ARG_SETUP_KEYS, ARG_FILE, ARG_INTERVAL, ARG_VERIFY, ARG_VERIFY_KEY, ARG_DISK_USAGE, ARG_AFTER_CURSOR, ARG_CURSOR_FILE, ARG_SHOW_CURSOR, ARG_USER_UNIT, ARG_LIST_CATALOG, ARG_DUMP_CATALOG, ARG_UPDATE_CATALOG, ARG_FORCE, ARG_CASE_SENSITIVE, ARG_UTC, ARG_SYNC, ARG_FLUSH, ARG_RELINQUISH_VAR, ARG_SMART_RELINQUISH_VAR, ARG_ROTATE, ARG_VACUUM_SIZE, ARG_VACUUM_FILES, ARG_VACUUM_TIME, ARG_NO_HOSTNAME, ARG_OUTPUT_FIELDS, }; static const struct option options[] = { { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' }, { "version" , no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION }, { "no-pager", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER }, { "pager-end", no_argument, NULL, 'e' }, { "follow", no_argument, NULL, 'f' }, { "force", no_argument, NULL, ARG_FORCE }, { "output", required_argument, NULL, 'o' }, { "all", no_argument, NULL, 'a' }, { "full", no_argument, NULL, 'l' }, { "no-full", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_FULL }, { "lines", optional_argument, NULL, 'n' }, { "no-tail", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_TAIL }, { "new-id128", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NEW_ID128 }, /* deprecated */ { "quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'q' }, { "merge", no_argument, NULL, 'm' }, { "this-boot", no_argument, NULL, ARG_THIS_BOOT }, /* deprecated */ { "boot", optional_argument, NULL, 'b' }, { "list-boots", no_argument, NULL, ARG_LIST_BOOTS }, { "dmesg", no_argument, NULL, 'k' }, { "system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM }, { "user", no_argument, NULL, ARG_USER }, { "directory", required_argument, NULL, 'D' }, { "file", required_argument, NULL, ARG_FILE }, { "root", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT }, { "header", no_argument, NULL, ARG_HEADER }, { "identifier", required_argument, NULL, 't' }, { "priority", required_argument, NULL, 'p' }, { "grep", required_argument, NULL, 'g' }, { "case-sensitive", optional_argument, NULL, ARG_CASE_SENSITIVE }, { "setup-keys", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SETUP_KEYS }, { "interval", required_argument, NULL, ARG_INTERVAL }, { "verify", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERIFY }, { "verify-key", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VERIFY_KEY }, { "disk-usage", no_argument, NULL, ARG_DISK_USAGE }, { "cursor", required_argument, NULL, 'c' }, { "cursor-file", required_argument, NULL, ARG_CURSOR_FILE }, { "after-cursor", required_argument, NULL, ARG_AFTER_CURSOR }, { "show-cursor", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SHOW_CURSOR }, { "since", required_argument, NULL, 'S' }, { "until", required_argument, NULL, 'U' }, { "unit", required_argument, NULL, 'u' }, { "user-unit", required_argument, NULL, ARG_USER_UNIT }, { "field", required_argument, NULL, 'F' }, { "fields", no_argument, NULL, 'N' }, { "catalog", no_argument, NULL, 'x' }, { "list-catalog", no_argument, NULL, ARG_LIST_CATALOG }, { "dump-catalog", no_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_CATALOG }, { "update-catalog", no_argument, NULL, ARG_UPDATE_CATALOG }, { "reverse", no_argument, NULL, 'r' }, { "machine", required_argument, NULL, 'M' }, { "utc", no_argument, NULL, ARG_UTC }, { "flush", no_argument, NULL, ARG_FLUSH }, { "relinquish-var", no_argument, NULL, ARG_RELINQUISH_VAR }, { "smart-relinquish-var", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SMART_RELINQUISH_VAR }, { "sync", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SYNC }, { "rotate", no_argument, NULL, ARG_ROTATE }, { "vacuum-size", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VACUUM_SIZE }, { "vacuum-files", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VACUUM_FILES }, { "vacuum-time", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VACUUM_TIME }, { "no-hostname", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_HOSTNAME }, { "output-fields", required_argument, NULL, ARG_OUTPUT_FIELDS }, {} }; int c, r; assert(argc >= 0); assert(argv); while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hefo:aln::qmb::kD:p:g:c:S:U:t:u:NF:xrM:", options, NULL)) >= 0) switch (c) { case 'h': return help(); case ARG_VERSION: return version(); case ARG_NO_PAGER: arg_pager_flags |= PAGER_DISABLE; break; case 'e': arg_pager_flags |= PAGER_JUMP_TO_END; if (arg_lines == ARG_LINES_DEFAULT) arg_lines = 1000; break; case 'f': arg_follow = true; break; case 'o': if (streq(optarg, "help")) { DUMP_STRING_TABLE(output_mode, OutputMode, _OUTPUT_MODE_MAX); return 0; } arg_output = output_mode_from_string(optarg); if (arg_output < 0) { log_error("Unknown output format '%s'.", optarg); return -EINVAL; } if (IN_SET(arg_output, OUTPUT_EXPORT, OUTPUT_JSON, OUTPUT_JSON_PRETTY, OUTPUT_JSON_SSE, OUTPUT_JSON_SEQ, OUTPUT_CAT)) arg_quiet = true; break; case 'l': arg_full = true; break; case ARG_NO_FULL: arg_full = false; break; case 'a': arg_all = true; break; case 'n': if (optarg) { if (streq(optarg, "all")) arg_lines = ARG_LINES_ALL; else { r = safe_atoi(optarg, &arg_lines); if (r < 0 || arg_lines < 0) { log_error("Failed to parse lines '%s'", optarg); return -EINVAL; } } } else { arg_lines = 10; /* Hmm, no argument? Maybe the next * word on the command line is * supposed to be the argument? Let's * see if there is one, and is * parsable. */ if (optind < argc) { int n; if (streq(argv[optind], "all")) { arg_lines = ARG_LINES_ALL; optind++; } else if (safe_atoi(argv[optind], &n) >= 0 && n >= 0) { arg_lines = n; optind++; } } } break; case ARG_NO_TAIL: arg_no_tail = true; break; case ARG_NEW_ID128: arg_action = ACTION_NEW_ID128; break; case 'q': arg_quiet = true; break; case 'm': arg_merge = true; break; case ARG_THIS_BOOT: arg_boot = true; arg_boot_id = SD_ID128_NULL; arg_boot_offset = 0; break; case 'b': arg_boot = true; arg_boot_id = SD_ID128_NULL; arg_boot_offset = 0; if (optarg) { r = parse_boot_descriptor(optarg, &arg_boot_id, &arg_boot_offset); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse boot descriptor '%s'", optarg); arg_boot = r; /* Hmm, no argument? Maybe the next * word on the command line is * supposed to be the argument? Let's * see if there is one and is parsable * as a boot descriptor... */ } else if (optind < argc) { r = parse_boot_descriptor(argv[optind], &arg_boot_id, &arg_boot_offset); if (r >= 0) { arg_boot = r; optind++; } } break; case ARG_LIST_BOOTS: arg_action = ACTION_LIST_BOOTS; break; case 'k': arg_boot = arg_dmesg = true; break; case ARG_SYSTEM: arg_journal_type |= SD_JOURNAL_SYSTEM; break; case ARG_USER: arg_journal_type |= SD_JOURNAL_CURRENT_USER; break; case 'M': arg_machine = optarg; break; case 'D': arg_directory = optarg; break; case ARG_FILE: if (streq(optarg, "-")) /* An undocumented feature: we can read journal files from STDIN. We don't document * this though, since after all we only support this for mmap-able, seekable files, and * not for example pipes which are probably the primary usecase for reading things from * STDIN. To avoid confusion we hence don't document this feature. */ arg_file_stdin = true; else { r = glob_extend(&arg_file, optarg); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add paths: %m"); } break; case ARG_ROOT: r = parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg, true, &arg_root); if (r < 0) return r; break; case 'c': arg_cursor = optarg; break; case ARG_CURSOR_FILE: arg_cursor_file = optarg; break; case ARG_AFTER_CURSOR: arg_after_cursor = optarg; break; case ARG_SHOW_CURSOR: arg_show_cursor = true; break; case ARG_HEADER: arg_action = ACTION_PRINT_HEADER; break; case ARG_VERIFY: arg_action = ACTION_VERIFY; break; case ARG_DISK_USAGE: arg_action = ACTION_DISK_USAGE; break; case ARG_VACUUM_SIZE: r = parse_size(optarg, 1024, &arg_vacuum_size); if (r < 0) { log_error("Failed to parse vacuum size: %s", optarg); return r; } arg_action = arg_action == ACTION_ROTATE ? ACTION_ROTATE_AND_VACUUM : ACTION_VACUUM; break; case ARG_VACUUM_FILES: r = safe_atou64(optarg, &arg_vacuum_n_files); if (r < 0) { log_error("Failed to parse vacuum files: %s", optarg); return r; } arg_action = arg_action == ACTION_ROTATE ? ACTION_ROTATE_AND_VACUUM : ACTION_VACUUM; break; case ARG_VACUUM_TIME: r = parse_sec(optarg, &arg_vacuum_time); if (r < 0) { log_error("Failed to parse vacuum time: %s", optarg); return r; } arg_action = arg_action == ACTION_ROTATE ? ACTION_ROTATE_AND_VACUUM : ACTION_VACUUM; break; #if HAVE_GCRYPT case ARG_FORCE: arg_force = true; break; case ARG_SETUP_KEYS: arg_action = ACTION_SETUP_KEYS; break; case ARG_VERIFY_KEY: arg_action = ACTION_VERIFY; r = free_and_strdup(&arg_verify_key, optarg); if (r < 0) return r; /* Use memset not explicit_bzero() or similar so this doesn't look confusing * in ps or htop output. */ memset(optarg, 'x', strlen(optarg)); arg_merge = false; break; case ARG_INTERVAL: r = parse_sec(optarg, &arg_interval); if (r < 0 || arg_interval <= 0) { log_error("Failed to parse sealing key change interval: %s", optarg); return -EINVAL; } break; #else case ARG_SETUP_KEYS: case ARG_VERIFY_KEY: case ARG_INTERVAL: case ARG_FORCE: log_error("Compiled without forward-secure sealing support."); return -EOPNOTSUPP; #endif case 'p': { const char *dots; dots = strstr(optarg, ".."); if (dots) { char *a; int from, to, i; /* a range */ a = strndup(optarg, dots - optarg); if (!a) return log_oom(); from = log_level_from_string(a); to = log_level_from_string(dots + 2); free(a); if (from < 0 || to < 0) { log_error("Failed to parse log level range %s", optarg); return -EINVAL; } arg_priorities = 0; if (from < to) { for (i = from; i <= to; i++) arg_priorities |= 1 << i; } else { for (i = to; i <= from; i++) arg_priorities |= 1 << i; } } else { int p, i; p = log_level_from_string(optarg); if (p < 0) { log_error("Unknown log level %s", optarg); return -EINVAL; } arg_priorities = 0; for (i = 0; i <= p; i++) arg_priorities |= 1 << i; } break; } #if HAVE_PCRE2 case 'g': arg_pattern = optarg; break; case ARG_CASE_SENSITIVE: if (optarg) { r = parse_boolean(optarg); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Bad --case-sensitive= argument \"%s\": %m", optarg); arg_case_sensitive = r; } else arg_case_sensitive = true; break; #else case 'g': case ARG_CASE_SENSITIVE: return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "Compiled without pattern matching support"); #endif case 'S': r = parse_timestamp(optarg, &arg_since); if (r < 0) { log_error("Failed to parse timestamp: %s", optarg); return -EINVAL; } arg_since_set = true; break; case 'U': r = parse_timestamp(optarg, &arg_until); if (r < 0) { log_error("Failed to parse timestamp: %s", optarg); return -EINVAL; } arg_until_set = true; break; case 't': r = strv_extend(&arg_syslog_identifier, optarg); if (r < 0) return log_oom(); break; case 'u': r = strv_extend(&arg_system_units, optarg); if (r < 0) return log_oom(); break; case ARG_USER_UNIT: r = strv_extend(&arg_user_units, optarg); if (r < 0) return log_oom(); break; case 'F': arg_action = ACTION_LIST_FIELDS; arg_field = optarg; break; case 'N': arg_action = ACTION_LIST_FIELD_NAMES; break; case ARG_NO_HOSTNAME: arg_no_hostname = true; break; case 'x': arg_catalog = true; break; case ARG_LIST_CATALOG: arg_action = ACTION_LIST_CATALOG; break; case ARG_DUMP_CATALOG: arg_action = ACTION_DUMP_CATALOG; break; case ARG_UPDATE_CATALOG: arg_action = ACTION_UPDATE_CATALOG; break; case 'r': arg_reverse = true; break; case ARG_UTC: arg_utc = true; break; case ARG_FLUSH: arg_action = ACTION_FLUSH; break; case ARG_SMART_RELINQUISH_VAR: { int root_mnt_id, log_mnt_id; /* Try to be smart about relinquishing access to /var/log/journal/ during shutdown: * if it's on the same mount as the root file system there's no point in * relinquishing access and we can leave journald write to it until the very last * moment. */ r = path_get_mnt_id("/", &root_mnt_id); if (r < 0) log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to get root mount ID, ignoring: %m"); else { r = path_get_mnt_id("/var/log/journal/", &log_mnt_id); if (r < 0) log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to get journal directory mount ID, ignoring: %m"); else if (root_mnt_id == log_mnt_id) { log_debug("/var/log/journal/ is on root file system, not relinquishing access to /var."); return 0; } else log_debug("/var/log/journal/ is not on the root file system, relinquishing access to it."); } _fallthrough_; } case ARG_RELINQUISH_VAR: arg_action = ACTION_RELINQUISH_VAR; break; case ARG_ROTATE: arg_action = arg_action == ACTION_VACUUM ? ACTION_ROTATE_AND_VACUUM : ACTION_ROTATE; break; case ARG_SYNC: arg_action = ACTION_SYNC; break; case ARG_OUTPUT_FIELDS: { _cleanup_strv_free_ char **v = NULL; v = strv_split(optarg, ","); if (!v) return log_oom(); if (!arg_output_fields) arg_output_fields = TAKE_PTR(v); else { r = strv_extend_strv(&arg_output_fields, v, true); if (r < 0) return log_oom(); } break; } case '?': return -EINVAL; default: assert_not_reached("Unhandled option"); } if (arg_follow && !arg_no_tail && !arg_since && arg_lines == ARG_LINES_DEFAULT) arg_lines = 10; if (!!arg_directory + !!arg_file + !!arg_machine + !!arg_root > 1) { log_error("Please specify at most one of -D/--directory=, --file=, -M/--machine=, --root."); return -EINVAL; } if (arg_since_set && arg_until_set && arg_since > arg_until) { log_error("--since= must be before --until=."); return -EINVAL; } if (!!arg_cursor + !!arg_after_cursor + !!arg_since_set > 1) { log_error("Please specify only one of --since=, --cursor=, and --after-cursor."); return -EINVAL; } if (arg_follow && arg_reverse) { log_error("Please specify either --reverse= or --follow=, not both."); return -EINVAL; } if (!IN_SET(arg_action, ACTION_SHOW, ACTION_DUMP_CATALOG, ACTION_LIST_CATALOG) && optind < argc) { log_error("Extraneous arguments starting with '%s'", argv[optind]); return -EINVAL; } if ((arg_boot || arg_action == ACTION_LIST_BOOTS) && arg_merge) { log_error("Using --boot or --list-boots with --merge is not supported."); return -EINVAL; } if (!strv_isempty(arg_system_units) && arg_journal_type == SD_JOURNAL_CURRENT_USER) { /* Specifying --user and --unit= at the same time makes no sense (as the former excludes the user * journal, but the latter excludes the system journal, thus resulting in empty output). Let's be nice * to users, and automatically turn --unit= into --user-unit= if combined with --user. */ r = strv_extend_strv(&arg_user_units, arg_system_units, true); if (r < 0) return r; arg_system_units = strv_free(arg_system_units); } #if HAVE_PCRE2 if (arg_pattern) { unsigned flags; if (arg_case_sensitive >= 0) flags = !arg_case_sensitive * PCRE2_CASELESS; else { _cleanup_(pcre2_match_data_freep) pcre2_match_data *md = NULL; bool has_case; _cleanup_(pcre2_code_freep) pcre2_code *cs = NULL; md = pcre2_match_data_create(1, NULL); if (!md) return log_oom(); r = pattern_compile("[[:upper:]]", 0, &cs); if (r < 0) return r; r = pcre2_match(cs, (PCRE2_SPTR8) arg_pattern, PCRE2_ZERO_TERMINATED, 0, 0, md, NULL); has_case = r >= 0; flags = !has_case * PCRE2_CASELESS; } log_debug("Doing case %s matching based on %s", flags & PCRE2_CASELESS ? "insensitive" : "sensitive", arg_case_sensitive >= 0 ? "request" : "pattern casing"); r = pattern_compile(arg_pattern, flags, &arg_compiled_pattern); if (r < 0) return r; } #endif return 1; } static int add_matches(sd_journal *j, char **args) { char **i; bool have_term = false; assert(j); STRV_FOREACH(i, args) { int r; if (streq(*i, "+")) { if (!have_term) break; r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j); have_term = false; } else if (path_is_absolute(*i)) { _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL, *t = NULL, *t2 = NULL, *interpreter = NULL; struct stat st; r = chase_symlinks(*i, NULL, CHASE_TRAIL_SLASH, &p, NULL); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't canonicalize path: %m"); if (lstat(p, &st) < 0) return log_error_errno(errno, "Couldn't stat file: %m"); if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) && (0111 & st.st_mode)) { if (executable_is_script(p, &interpreter) > 0) { _cleanup_free_ char *comm; comm = strndup(basename(p), 15); if (!comm) return log_oom(); t = strjoin("_COMM=", comm); if (!t) return log_oom(); /* Append _EXE only if the interpreter is not a link. Otherwise, it might be outdated often. */ if (lstat(interpreter, &st) == 0 && !S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) { t2 = strjoin("_EXE=", interpreter); if (!t2) return log_oom(); } } else { t = strjoin("_EXE=", p); if (!t) return log_oom(); } r = sd_journal_add_match(j, t, 0); if (r >=0 && t2) r = sd_journal_add_match(j, t2, 0); } else if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) { r = add_matches_for_device(j, p); if (r < 0) return r; } else return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "File is neither a device node, nor regular file, nor executable: %s", *i); have_term = true; } else { r = sd_journal_add_match(j, *i, 0); have_term = true; } if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match '%s': %m", *i); } if (!strv_isempty(args) && !have_term) return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "\"+\" can only be used between terms"); return 0; } static void boot_id_free_all(BootId *l) { while (l) { BootId *i = l; LIST_REMOVE(boot_list, l, i); free(i); } } static int discover_next_boot(sd_journal *j, sd_id128_t previous_boot_id, bool advance_older, BootId **ret) { _cleanup_free_ BootId *next_boot = NULL; char match[9+32+1] = "_BOOT_ID="; sd_id128_t boot_id; int r; assert(j); assert(ret); /* We expect the journal to be on the last position of a boot * (in relation to the direction we are going), so that the next * invocation of sd_journal_next/previous will be from a different * boot. We then collect any information we desire and then jump * to the last location of the new boot by using a _BOOT_ID match * coming from the other journal direction. */ /* Make sure we aren't restricted by any _BOOT_ID matches, so that * we can actually advance to a *different* boot. */ sd_journal_flush_matches(j); do { if (advance_older) r = sd_journal_previous(j); else r = sd_journal_next(j); if (r < 0) return r; else if (r == 0) return 0; /* End of journal, yay. */ r = sd_journal_get_monotonic_usec(j, NULL, &boot_id); if (r < 0) return r; /* We iterate through this in a loop, until the boot ID differs from the previous one. Note that * normally, this will only require a single iteration, as we seeked to the last entry of the previous * boot entry already. However, it might happen that the per-journal-field entry arrays are less * complete than the main entry array, and hence might reference an entry that's not actually the last * one of the boot ID as last one. Let's hence use the per-field array is initial seek position to * speed things up, but let's not trust that it is complete, and hence, manually advance as * necessary. */ } while (sd_id128_equal(boot_id, previous_boot_id)); next_boot = new0(BootId, 1); if (!next_boot) return -ENOMEM; next_boot->id = boot_id; r = sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(j, &next_boot->first); if (r < 0) return r; /* Now seek to the last occurrence of this boot ID. */ sd_id128_to_string(next_boot->id, match + 9); r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, sizeof(match) - 1); if (r < 0) return r; if (advance_older) r = sd_journal_seek_head(j); else r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j); if (r < 0) return r; if (advance_older) r = sd_journal_next(j); else r = sd_journal_previous(j); if (r < 0) return r; else if (r == 0) return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENODATA), "Whoopsie! We found a boot ID but can't read its last entry."); /* This shouldn't happen. We just came from this very boot ID. */ r = sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(j, &next_boot->last); if (r < 0) return r; *ret = TAKE_PTR(next_boot); return 0; } static int get_boots( sd_journal *j, BootId **boots, sd_id128_t *boot_id, int offset) { bool skip_once; int r, count = 0; BootId *head = NULL, *tail = NULL, *id; const bool advance_older = boot_id && offset <= 0; sd_id128_t previous_boot_id; assert(j); /* Adjust for the asymmetry that offset 0 is * the last (and current) boot, while 1 is considered the * (chronological) first boot in the journal. */ skip_once = boot_id && sd_id128_is_null(*boot_id) && offset <= 0; /* Advance to the earliest/latest occurrence of our reference * boot ID (taking our lookup direction into account), so that * discover_next_boot() can do its job. * If no reference is given, the journal head/tail will do, * they're "virtual" boots after all. */ if (boot_id && !sd_id128_is_null(*boot_id)) { char match[9+32+1] = "_BOOT_ID="; sd_journal_flush_matches(j); sd_id128_to_string(*boot_id, match + 9); r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, sizeof(match) - 1); if (r < 0) return r; if (advance_older) r = sd_journal_seek_head(j); /* seek to oldest */ else r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j); /* seek to newest */ if (r < 0) return r; if (advance_older) r = sd_journal_next(j); /* read the oldest entry */ else r = sd_journal_previous(j); /* read the most recently added entry */ if (r < 0) return r; else if (r == 0) goto finish; else if (offset == 0) { count = 1; goto finish; } /* At this point the read pointer is positioned at the oldest/newest occurrence of the reference boot * ID. After flushing the matches, one more invocation of _previous()/_next() will hence place us at * the following entry, which must then have an older/newer boot ID */ } else { if (advance_older) r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j); /* seek to newest */ else r = sd_journal_seek_head(j); /* seek to oldest */ if (r < 0) return r; /* No sd_journal_next()/_previous() here. * * At this point the read pointer is positioned after the newest/before the oldest entry in the whole * journal. The next invocation of _previous()/_next() will hence position us at the newest/oldest * entry we have. */ } previous_boot_id = SD_ID128_NULL; for (;;) { _cleanup_free_ BootId *current = NULL; r = discover_next_boot(j, previous_boot_id, advance_older, ¤t); if (r < 0) { boot_id_free_all(head); return r; } if (!current) break; previous_boot_id = current->id; if (boot_id) { if (!skip_once) offset += advance_older ? 1 : -1; skip_once = false; if (offset == 0) { count = 1; *boot_id = current->id; break; } } else { LIST_FOREACH(boot_list, id, head) { if (sd_id128_equal(id->id, current->id)) { /* boot id already stored, something wrong with the journal files */ /* exiting as otherwise this problem would cause forever loop */ goto finish; } } LIST_INSERT_AFTER(boot_list, head, tail, current); tail = TAKE_PTR(current); count++; } } finish: if (boots) *boots = head; sd_journal_flush_matches(j); return count; } static int list_boots(sd_journal *j) { int w, i, count; BootId *id, *all_ids; assert(j); count = get_boots(j, &all_ids, NULL, 0); if (count < 0) return log_error_errno(count, "Failed to determine boots: %m"); if (count == 0) return count; (void) pager_open(arg_pager_flags); /* numbers are one less, but we need an extra char for the sign */ w = DECIMAL_STR_WIDTH(count - 1) + 1; i = 0; LIST_FOREACH(boot_list, id, all_ids) { char a[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], b[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX]; printf("% *i " SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR " %s—%s\n", w, i - count + 1, SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(id->id), format_timestamp_maybe_utc(a, sizeof(a), id->first), format_timestamp_maybe_utc(b, sizeof(b), id->last)); i++; } boot_id_free_all(all_ids); return 0; } static int add_boot(sd_journal *j) { char match[9+32+1] = "_BOOT_ID="; sd_id128_t boot_id; int r; assert(j); if (!arg_boot) return 0; /* Take a shortcut and use the current boot_id, which we can do very quickly. * We can do this only when we logs are coming from the current machine, * so take the slow path if log location is specified. */ if (arg_boot_offset == 0 && sd_id128_is_null(arg_boot_id) && !arg_directory && !arg_file && !arg_root) return add_match_this_boot(j, arg_machine); boot_id = arg_boot_id; r = get_boots(j, NULL, &boot_id, arg_boot_offset); assert(r <= 1); if (r <= 0) { const char *reason = (r == 0) ? "No such boot ID in journal" : strerror_safe(r); if (sd_id128_is_null(arg_boot_id)) log_error("Data from the specified boot (%+i) is not available: %s", arg_boot_offset, reason); else log_error("Data from the specified boot ("SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR") is not available: %s", SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(arg_boot_id), reason); return r == 0 ? -ENODATA : r; } sd_id128_to_string(boot_id, match + 9); r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, sizeof(match) - 1); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match: %m"); r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(j); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add conjunction: %m"); return 0; } static int add_dmesg(sd_journal *j) { int r; assert(j); if (!arg_dmesg) return 0; r = sd_journal_add_match(j, "_TRANSPORT=kernel", STRLEN("_TRANSPORT=kernel")); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match: %m"); r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(j); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add conjunction: %m"); return 0; } static int get_possible_units( sd_journal *j, const char *fields, char **patterns, Set **units) { _cleanup_set_free_free_ Set *found; const char *field; int r; found = set_new(&string_hash_ops); if (!found) return -ENOMEM; NULSTR_FOREACH(field, fields) { const void *data; size_t size; r = sd_journal_query_unique(j, field); if (r < 0) return r; SD_JOURNAL_FOREACH_UNIQUE(j, data, size) { char **pattern, *eq; size_t prefix; _cleanup_free_ char *u = NULL; eq = memchr(data, '=', size); if (eq) prefix = eq - (char*) data + 1; else prefix = 0; u = strndup((char*) data + prefix, size - prefix); if (!u) return -ENOMEM; STRV_FOREACH(pattern, patterns) if (fnmatch(*pattern, u, FNM_NOESCAPE) == 0) { log_debug("Matched %s with pattern %s=%s", u, field, *pattern); r = set_consume(found, u); u = NULL; if (r < 0 && r != -EEXIST) return r; break; } } } *units = TAKE_PTR(found); return 0; } /* This list is supposed to return the superset of unit names * possibly matched by rules added with add_matches_for_unit... */ #define SYSTEM_UNITS \ "_SYSTEMD_UNIT\0" \ "COREDUMP_UNIT\0" \ "UNIT\0" \ "OBJECT_SYSTEMD_UNIT\0" \ "_SYSTEMD_SLICE\0" /* ... and add_matches_for_user_unit */ #define USER_UNITS \ "_SYSTEMD_USER_UNIT\0" \ "USER_UNIT\0" \ "COREDUMP_USER_UNIT\0" \ "OBJECT_SYSTEMD_USER_UNIT\0" \ "_SYSTEMD_USER_SLICE\0" static int add_units(sd_journal *j) { _cleanup_strv_free_ char **patterns = NULL; int r, count = 0; char **i; assert(j); STRV_FOREACH(i, arg_system_units) { _cleanup_free_ char *u = NULL; r = unit_name_mangle(*i, UNIT_NAME_MANGLE_GLOB | (arg_quiet ? 0 : UNIT_NAME_MANGLE_WARN), &u); if (r < 0) return r; if (string_is_glob(u)) { r = strv_push(&patterns, u); if (r < 0) return r; u = NULL; } else { r = add_matches_for_unit(j, u); if (r < 0) return r; r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j); if (r < 0) return r; count++; } } if (!strv_isempty(patterns)) { _cleanup_set_free_free_ Set *units = NULL; Iterator it; char *u; r = get_possible_units(j, SYSTEM_UNITS, patterns, &units); if (r < 0) return r; SET_FOREACH(u, units, it) { r = add_matches_for_unit(j, u); if (r < 0) return r; r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j); if (r < 0) return r; count++; } } patterns = strv_free(patterns); STRV_FOREACH(i, arg_user_units) { _cleanup_free_ char *u = NULL; r = unit_name_mangle(*i, UNIT_NAME_MANGLE_GLOB | (arg_quiet ? 0 : UNIT_NAME_MANGLE_WARN), &u); if (r < 0) return r; if (string_is_glob(u)) { r = strv_push(&patterns, u); if (r < 0) return r; u = NULL; } else { r = add_matches_for_user_unit(j, u, getuid()); if (r < 0) return r; r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j); if (r < 0) return r; count++; } } if (!strv_isempty(patterns)) { _cleanup_set_free_free_ Set *units = NULL; Iterator it; char *u; r = get_possible_units(j, USER_UNITS, patterns, &units); if (r < 0) return r; SET_FOREACH(u, units, it) { r = add_matches_for_user_unit(j, u, getuid()); if (r < 0) return r; r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j); if (r < 0) return r; count++; } } /* Complain if the user request matches but nothing whatsoever was * found, since otherwise everything would be matched. */ if (!(strv_isempty(arg_system_units) && strv_isempty(arg_user_units)) && count == 0) return -ENODATA; r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(j); if (r < 0) return r; return 0; } static int add_priorities(sd_journal *j) { char match[] = "PRIORITY=0"; int i, r; assert(j); if (arg_priorities == 0xFF) return 0; for (i = LOG_EMERG; i <= LOG_DEBUG; i++) if (arg_priorities & (1 << i)) { match[sizeof(match)-2] = '0' + i; r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, strlen(match)); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match: %m"); } r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(j); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add conjunction: %m"); return 0; } static int add_syslog_identifier(sd_journal *j) { int r; char **i; assert(j); STRV_FOREACH(i, arg_syslog_identifier) { _cleanup_free_ char *u = NULL; u = strjoin("SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER=", *i); if (!u) return -ENOMEM; r = sd_journal_add_match(j, u, 0); if (r < 0) return r; r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j); if (r < 0) return r; } r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(j); if (r < 0) return r; return 0; } static int setup_keys(void) { #if HAVE_GCRYPT size_t mpk_size, seed_size, state_size, i; uint8_t *mpk, *seed, *state; int fd = -1, r; sd_id128_t machine, boot; char *p = NULL, *k = NULL; struct FSSHeader h; uint64_t n; struct stat st; r = stat("/var/log/journal", &st); if (r < 0 && !IN_SET(errno, ENOENT, ENOTDIR)) return log_error_errno(errno, "stat(\"%s\") failed: %m", "/var/log/journal"); if (r < 0 || !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) { log_error("%s is not a directory, must be using persistent logging for FSS.", "/var/log/journal"); return r < 0 ? -errno : -ENOTDIR; } r = sd_id128_get_machine(&machine); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get machine ID: %m"); r = sd_id128_get_boot(&boot); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get boot ID: %m"); if (asprintf(&p, "/var/log/journal/" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR "/fss", SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine)) < 0) return log_oom(); if (arg_force) { r = unlink(p); if (r < 0 && errno != ENOENT) { r = log_error_errno(errno, "unlink(\"%s\") failed: %m", p); goto finish; } } else if (access(p, F_OK) >= 0) { log_error("Sealing key file %s exists already. Use --force to recreate.", p); r = -EEXIST; goto finish; } if (asprintf(&k, "/var/log/journal/" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR "/fss.tmp.XXXXXX", SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine)) < 0) { r = log_oom(); goto finish; } mpk_size = FSPRG_mskinbytes(FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR); mpk = alloca(mpk_size); seed_size = FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SEEDLEN; seed = alloca(seed_size); state_size = FSPRG_stateinbytes(FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR); state = alloca(state_size); fd = open("/dev/random", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY); if (fd < 0) { r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open /dev/random: %m"); goto finish; } log_info("Generating seed..."); r = loop_read_exact(fd, seed, seed_size, true); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read random seed: %m"); goto finish; } log_info("Generating key pair..."); FSPRG_GenMK(NULL, mpk, seed, seed_size, FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR); log_info("Generating sealing key..."); FSPRG_GenState0(state, mpk, seed, seed_size); assert(arg_interval > 0); n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME); n /= arg_interval; safe_close(fd); fd = mkostemp_safe(k); if (fd < 0) { r = log_error_errno(fd, "Failed to open %s: %m", k); goto finish; } /* Enable secure remove, exclusion from dump, synchronous * writing and in-place updating */ r = chattr_fd(fd, FS_SECRM_FL|FS_NODUMP_FL|FS_SYNC_FL|FS_NOCOW_FL, FS_SECRM_FL|FS_NODUMP_FL|FS_SYNC_FL|FS_NOCOW_FL, NULL); if (r < 0) log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to set file attributes: %m"); zero(h); memcpy(h.signature, "KSHHRHLP", 8); h.machine_id = machine; h.boot_id = boot; h.header_size = htole64(sizeof(h)); h.start_usec = htole64(n * arg_interval); h.interval_usec = htole64(arg_interval); h.fsprg_secpar = htole16(FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR); h.fsprg_state_size = htole64(state_size); r = loop_write(fd, &h, sizeof(h), false); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write header: %m"); goto finish; } r = loop_write(fd, state, state_size, false); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write state: %m"); goto finish; } if (link(k, p) < 0) { r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to link file: %m"); goto finish; } if (on_tty()) { fprintf(stderr, "\n" "The new key pair has been generated. The %ssecret sealing key%s has been written to\n" "the following local file. This key file is automatically updated when the\n" "sealing key is advanced. It should not be used on multiple hosts.\n" "\n" "\t%s\n" "\n" "Please write down the following %ssecret verification key%s. It should be stored\n" "at a safe location and should not be saved locally on disk.\n" "\n\t%s", ansi_highlight(), ansi_normal(), p, ansi_highlight(), ansi_normal(), ansi_highlight_red()); fflush(stderr); } for (i = 0; i < seed_size; i++) { if (i > 0 && i % 3 == 0) putchar('-'); printf("%02x", ((uint8_t*) seed)[i]); } printf("/%llx-%llx\n", (unsigned long long) n, (unsigned long long) arg_interval); if (on_tty()) { char tsb[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], *hn; fprintf(stderr, "%s\n" "The sealing key is automatically changed every %s.\n", ansi_normal(), format_timespan(tsb, sizeof(tsb), arg_interval, 0)); hn = gethostname_malloc(); if (hn) { hostname_cleanup(hn); fprintf(stderr, "\nThe keys have been generated for host %s/" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR ".\n", hn, SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine)); } else fprintf(stderr, "\nThe keys have been generated for host " SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR ".\n", SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine)); #if HAVE_QRENCODE /* If this is not an UTF-8 system don't print any QR codes */ if (is_locale_utf8()) { fputs("\nTo transfer the verification key to your phone please scan the QR code below:\n\n", stderr); print_qr_code(stderr, seed, seed_size, n, arg_interval, hn, machine); } #endif free(hn); } r = 0; finish: safe_close(fd); if (k) { (void) unlink(k); free(k); } free(p); return r; #else return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "Forward-secure sealing not available."); #endif } static int verify(sd_journal *j) { int r = 0; Iterator i; JournalFile *f; assert(j); log_show_color(true); ORDERED_HASHMAP_FOREACH(f, j->files, i) { int k; usec_t first = 0, validated = 0, last = 0; #if HAVE_GCRYPT if (!arg_verify_key && JOURNAL_HEADER_SEALED(f->header)) log_notice("Journal file %s has sealing enabled but verification key has not been passed using --verify-key=.", f->path); #endif k = journal_file_verify(f, arg_verify_key, &first, &validated, &last, true); if (k == -EINVAL) { /* If the key was invalid give up right-away. */ return k; } else if (k < 0) { log_warning_errno(k, "FAIL: %s (%m)", f->path); r = k; } else { char a[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], b[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], c[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX]; log_info("PASS: %s", f->path); if (arg_verify_key && JOURNAL_HEADER_SEALED(f->header)) { if (validated > 0) { log_info("=> Validated from %s to %s, final %s entries not sealed.", format_timestamp_maybe_utc(a, sizeof(a), first), format_timestamp_maybe_utc(b, sizeof(b), validated), format_timespan(c, sizeof(c), last > validated ? last - validated : 0, 0)); } else if (last > 0) log_info("=> No sealing yet, %s of entries not sealed.", format_timespan(c, sizeof(c), last - first, 0)); else log_info("=> No sealing yet, no entries in file."); } } } return r; } static int simple_varlink_call(const char *option, const char *method) { _cleanup_(varlink_flush_close_unrefp) Varlink *link = NULL; const char *error; int r; if (arg_machine) return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "%s is not supported in conjunction with --machine=.", option); r = varlink_connect_address(&link, "/run/systemd/journal/io.systemd.journal"); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to connect to /run/systemd/journal/io.systemd.journal: %m"); (void) varlink_set_description(link, "journal"); (void) varlink_set_relative_timeout(link, USEC_INFINITY); r = varlink_call(link, method, NULL, NULL, &error, NULL); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to execute varlink call: %m"); if (error) return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOANO), "Failed to execute varlink call: %s", error); return 0; } static int flush_to_var(void) { return simple_varlink_call("--flush", "io.systemd.Journal.FlushToVar"); } static int relinquish_var(void) { return simple_varlink_call("--relinquish-var/--smart-relinquish-var", "io.systemd.Journal.RelinquishVar"); } static int rotate(void) { return simple_varlink_call("--rotate", "io.systemd.Journal.Rotate"); } static int sync_journal(void) { return simple_varlink_call("--sync", "io.systemd.Journal.Synchronize"); } static int wait_for_change(sd_journal *j, int poll_fd) { struct pollfd pollfds[] = { { .fd = poll_fd, .events = POLLIN }, { .fd = STDOUT_FILENO }, }; struct timespec ts; usec_t timeout; int r; assert(j); assert(poll_fd >= 0); /* Much like sd_journal_wait() but also keeps an eye on STDOUT, and exits as soon as we see a POLLHUP on that, * i.e. when it is closed. */ r = sd_journal_get_timeout(j, &timeout); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine journal waiting time: %m"); if (ppoll(pollfds, ELEMENTSOF(pollfds), timeout == USEC_INFINITY ? NULL : timespec_store(&ts, timeout), NULL) < 0) { if (errno == EINTR) return 0; return log_error_errno(errno, "Couldn't wait for journal event: %m"); } if (pollfds[1].revents & (POLLHUP|POLLERR)) /* STDOUT has been closed? */ return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ECANCELED), "Standard output has been closed."); r = sd_journal_process(j); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to process journal events: %m"); return 0; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { bool previous_boot_id_valid = false, first_line = true, ellipsized = false, need_seek = false; bool use_cursor = false, after_cursor = false; _cleanup_(sd_journal_closep) sd_journal *j = NULL; sd_id128_t previous_boot_id; int n_shown = 0, r, poll_fd = -1; setlocale(LC_ALL, ""); log_show_color(true); log_parse_environment(); log_open(); /* Increase max number of open files if we can, we might needs this when browsing journal files, which might be * split up into many files. */ (void) rlimit_nofile_bump(HIGH_RLIMIT_NOFILE); r = parse_argv(argc, argv); if (r <= 0) goto finish; signal(SIGWINCH, columns_lines_cache_reset); sigbus_install(); switch (arg_action) { case ACTION_NEW_ID128: r = id128_print_new(ID128_PRINT_PRETTY); goto finish; case ACTION_SETUP_KEYS: r = setup_keys(); goto finish; case ACTION_LIST_CATALOG: case ACTION_DUMP_CATALOG: case ACTION_UPDATE_CATALOG: { _cleanup_free_ char *database; database = path_join(arg_root, CATALOG_DATABASE); if (!database) { r = log_oom(); goto finish; } if (arg_action == ACTION_UPDATE_CATALOG) { r = catalog_update(database, arg_root, catalog_file_dirs); if (r < 0) log_error_errno(r, "Failed to list catalog: %m"); } else { bool oneline = arg_action == ACTION_LIST_CATALOG; (void) pager_open(arg_pager_flags); if (optind < argc) r = catalog_list_items(stdout, database, oneline, argv + optind); else r = catalog_list(stdout, database, oneline); if (r < 0) log_error_errno(r, "Failed to list catalog: %m"); } goto finish; } case ACTION_FLUSH: r = flush_to_var(); goto finish; case ACTION_RELINQUISH_VAR: r = relinquish_var(); goto finish; case ACTION_SYNC: r = sync_journal(); goto finish; case ACTION_ROTATE: r = rotate(); goto finish; case ACTION_SHOW: case ACTION_PRINT_HEADER: case ACTION_VERIFY: case ACTION_DISK_USAGE: case ACTION_LIST_BOOTS: case ACTION_VACUUM: case ACTION_ROTATE_AND_VACUUM: case ACTION_LIST_FIELDS: case ACTION_LIST_FIELD_NAMES: /* These ones require access to the journal files, continue below. */ break; default: assert_not_reached("Unknown action"); } if (arg_directory) r = sd_journal_open_directory(&j, arg_directory, arg_journal_type); else if (arg_root) r = sd_journal_open_directory(&j, arg_root, arg_journal_type | SD_JOURNAL_OS_ROOT); else if (arg_file_stdin) { int ifd = STDIN_FILENO; r = sd_journal_open_files_fd(&j, &ifd, 1, 0); } else if (arg_file) r = sd_journal_open_files(&j, (const char**) arg_file, 0); else if (arg_machine) { _cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL; _cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL; _cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL; int fd; if (geteuid() != 0) { /* The file descriptor returned by OpenMachineRootDirectory() will be owned by users/groups of * the container, thus we need root privileges to override them. */ log_error("Using the --machine= switch requires root privileges."); r = -EPERM; goto finish; } r = sd_bus_open_system(&bus); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open system bus: %m"); goto finish; } r = sd_bus_call_method( bus, "org.freedesktop.machine1", "/org/freedesktop/machine1", "org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager", "OpenMachineRootDirectory", &error, &reply, "s", arg_machine); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open root directory: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r)); goto finish; } r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "h", &fd); if (r < 0) { bus_log_parse_error(r); goto finish; } fd = fcntl(fd, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 3); if (fd < 0) { r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to duplicate file descriptor: %m"); goto finish; } r = sd_journal_open_directory_fd(&j, fd, SD_JOURNAL_OS_ROOT); if (r < 0) safe_close(fd); } else r = sd_journal_open(&j, !arg_merge*SD_JOURNAL_LOCAL_ONLY + arg_journal_type); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open %s: %m", arg_directory ?: arg_file ? "files" : "journal"); goto finish; } r = journal_access_check_and_warn(j, arg_quiet, !(arg_journal_type == SD_JOURNAL_CURRENT_USER || arg_user_units)); if (r < 0) goto finish; switch (arg_action) { case ACTION_NEW_ID128: case ACTION_SETUP_KEYS: case ACTION_LIST_CATALOG: case ACTION_DUMP_CATALOG: case ACTION_UPDATE_CATALOG: case ACTION_FLUSH: case ACTION_SYNC: case ACTION_ROTATE: assert_not_reached("Unexpected action."); case ACTION_PRINT_HEADER: journal_print_header(j); r = 0; goto finish; case ACTION_VERIFY: r = verify(j); goto finish; case ACTION_DISK_USAGE: { uint64_t bytes = 0; char sbytes[FORMAT_BYTES_MAX]; r = sd_journal_get_usage(j, &bytes); if (r < 0) goto finish; printf("Archived and active journals take up %s in the file system.\n", format_bytes(sbytes, sizeof(sbytes), bytes)); goto finish; } case ACTION_LIST_BOOTS: r = list_boots(j); goto finish; case ACTION_ROTATE_AND_VACUUM: r = rotate(); if (r < 0) goto finish; _fallthrough_; case ACTION_VACUUM: { Directory *d; Iterator i; HASHMAP_FOREACH(d, j->directories_by_path, i) { int q; q = journal_directory_vacuum(d->path, arg_vacuum_size, arg_vacuum_n_files, arg_vacuum_time, NULL, !arg_quiet); if (q < 0) { log_error_errno(q, "Failed to vacuum %s: %m", d->path); r = q; } } goto finish; } case ACTION_LIST_FIELD_NAMES: { const char *field; SD_JOURNAL_FOREACH_FIELD(j, field) { printf("%s\n", field); n_shown++; } r = 0; goto finish; } case ACTION_SHOW: case ACTION_LIST_FIELDS: break; default: assert_not_reached("Unknown action"); } if (arg_boot_offset != 0 && sd_journal_has_runtime_files(j) > 0 && sd_journal_has_persistent_files(j) == 0) { log_info("Specifying boot ID or boot offset has no effect, no persistent journal was found."); r = 0; goto finish; } /* add_boot() must be called first! * It may need to seek the journal to find parent boot IDs. */ r = add_boot(j); if (r < 0) goto finish; r = add_dmesg(j); if (r < 0) goto finish; r = add_units(j); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add filter for units: %m"); goto finish; } r = add_syslog_identifier(j); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add filter for syslog identifiers: %m"); goto finish; } r = add_priorities(j); if (r < 0) goto finish; r = add_matches(j, argv + optind); if (r < 0) goto finish; if (DEBUG_LOGGING) { _cleanup_free_ char *filter; filter = journal_make_match_string(j); if (!filter) return log_oom(); log_debug("Journal filter: %s", filter); } if (arg_action == ACTION_LIST_FIELDS) { const void *data; size_t size; assert(arg_field); r = sd_journal_set_data_threshold(j, 0); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to unset data size threshold: %m"); goto finish; } r = sd_journal_query_unique(j, arg_field); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to query unique data objects: %m"); goto finish; } SD_JOURNAL_FOREACH_UNIQUE(j, data, size) { const void *eq; if (arg_lines >= 0 && n_shown >= arg_lines) break; eq = memchr(data, '=', size); if (eq) printf("%.*s\n", (int) (size - ((const uint8_t*) eq - (const uint8_t*) data + 1)), (const char*) eq + 1); else printf("%.*s\n", (int) size, (const char*) data); n_shown++; } r = 0; goto finish; } /* Opening the fd now means the first sd_journal_wait() will actually wait */ if (arg_follow) { poll_fd = sd_journal_get_fd(j); if (poll_fd == -EMFILE) { log_warning_errno(poll_fd, "Insufficient watch descriptors available. Reverting to -n."); arg_follow = false; } else if (poll_fd == -EMEDIUMTYPE) { log_error_errno(poll_fd, "The --follow switch is not supported in conjunction with reading from STDIN."); goto finish; } else if (poll_fd < 0) { log_error_errno(poll_fd, "Failed to get journal fd: %m"); goto finish; } } if (arg_cursor || arg_after_cursor || arg_cursor_file) { _cleanup_free_ char *cursor_from_file = NULL; const char *cursor = arg_cursor ?: arg_after_cursor; if (arg_cursor_file) { r = read_one_line_file(arg_cursor_file, &cursor_from_file); if (r < 0 && r != -ENOENT) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read cursor file %s: %m", arg_cursor_file); goto finish; } if (r > 0) { cursor = cursor_from_file; after_cursor = true; } } else after_cursor = !!arg_after_cursor; if (cursor) { r = sd_journal_seek_cursor(j, cursor); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to cursor: %m"); goto finish; } use_cursor = true; } } if (use_cursor) { if (!arg_reverse) r = sd_journal_next_skip(j, 1 + after_cursor); else r = sd_journal_previous_skip(j, 1 + after_cursor); if (after_cursor && r < 2) { /* We couldn't find the next entry after the cursor. */ if (arg_follow) need_seek = true; else arg_lines = 0; } } else if (arg_since_set && !arg_reverse) { r = sd_journal_seek_realtime_usec(j, arg_since); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to date: %m"); goto finish; } r = sd_journal_next(j); } else if (arg_until_set && arg_reverse) { r = sd_journal_seek_realtime_usec(j, arg_until); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to date: %m"); goto finish; } r = sd_journal_previous(j); } else if (arg_lines >= 0) { r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to tail: %m"); goto finish; } r = sd_journal_previous_skip(j, arg_lines); } else if (arg_reverse) { r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to tail: %m"); goto finish; } r = sd_journal_previous(j); } else { r = sd_journal_seek_head(j); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to head: %m"); goto finish; } r = sd_journal_next(j); } if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to iterate through journal: %m"); goto finish; } if (r == 0) need_seek = true; if (!arg_follow) (void) pager_open(arg_pager_flags); if (!arg_quiet && (arg_lines != 0 || arg_follow)) { usec_t start, end; char start_buf[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], end_buf[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX]; r = sd_journal_get_cutoff_realtime_usec(j, &start, &end); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get cutoff: %m"); goto finish; } if (r > 0) { if (arg_follow) printf("-- Logs begin at %s. --\n", format_timestamp_maybe_utc(start_buf, sizeof(start_buf), start)); else printf("-- Logs begin at %s, end at %s. --\n", format_timestamp_maybe_utc(start_buf, sizeof(start_buf), start), format_timestamp_maybe_utc(end_buf, sizeof(end_buf), end)); } } for (;;) { while (arg_lines < 0 || n_shown < arg_lines || (arg_follow && !first_line)) { int flags; size_t highlight[2] = {}; if (need_seek) { if (!arg_reverse) r = sd_journal_next(j); else r = sd_journal_previous(j); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to iterate through journal: %m"); goto finish; } if (r == 0) break; } if (arg_until_set && !arg_reverse) { usec_t usec; r = sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(j, &usec); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine timestamp: %m"); goto finish; } if (usec > arg_until) goto finish; } if (arg_since_set && arg_reverse) { usec_t usec; r = sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(j, &usec); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine timestamp: %m"); goto finish; } if (usec < arg_since) goto finish; } if (!arg_merge && !arg_quiet) { sd_id128_t boot_id; r = sd_journal_get_monotonic_usec(j, NULL, &boot_id); if (r >= 0) { if (previous_boot_id_valid && !sd_id128_equal(boot_id, previous_boot_id)) printf("%s-- Reboot --%s\n", ansi_highlight(), ansi_normal()); previous_boot_id = boot_id; previous_boot_id_valid = true; } } #if HAVE_PCRE2 if (arg_compiled_pattern) { _cleanup_(pcre2_match_data_freep) pcre2_match_data *md = NULL; const void *message; size_t len; PCRE2_SIZE *ovec; md = pcre2_match_data_create(1, NULL); if (!md) return log_oom(); r = sd_journal_get_data(j, "MESSAGE", &message, &len); if (r < 0) { if (r == -ENOENT) { need_seek = true; continue; } log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get MESSAGE field: %m"); goto finish; } assert_se(message = startswith(message, "MESSAGE=")); r = pcre2_match(arg_compiled_pattern, message, len - strlen("MESSAGE="), 0, /* start at offset 0 in the subject */ 0, /* default options */ md, NULL); if (r == PCRE2_ERROR_NOMATCH) { need_seek = true; continue; } if (r < 0) { unsigned char buf[LINE_MAX]; int r2; r2 = pcre2_get_error_message(r, buf, sizeof buf); log_error("Pattern matching failed: %s", r2 < 0 ? "unknown error" : (char*) buf); r = -EINVAL; goto finish; } ovec = pcre2_get_ovector_pointer(md); highlight[0] = ovec[0]; highlight[1] = ovec[1]; } #endif flags = arg_all * OUTPUT_SHOW_ALL | arg_full * OUTPUT_FULL_WIDTH | colors_enabled() * OUTPUT_COLOR | arg_catalog * OUTPUT_CATALOG | arg_utc * OUTPUT_UTC | arg_no_hostname * OUTPUT_NO_HOSTNAME; r = show_journal_entry(stdout, j, arg_output, 0, flags, arg_output_fields, highlight, &ellipsized); need_seek = true; if (r == -EADDRNOTAVAIL) break; else if (r < 0) goto finish; n_shown++; /* If journalctl take a long time to process messages, and during that time journal file * rotation occurs, a journalctl client will keep those rotated files open until it calls * sd_journal_process(), which typically happens as a result of calling sd_journal_wait() below * in the "following" case. By periodically calling sd_journal_process() during the processing * loop we shrink the window of time a client instance has open file descriptors for rotated * (deleted) journal files. */ if ((n_shown % PROCESS_INOTIFY_INTERVAL) == 0) { r = sd_journal_process(j); if (r < 0) { log_error_errno(r, "Failed to process inotify events: %m"); goto finish; } } } if (!arg_follow) { if (n_shown == 0 && !arg_quiet) printf("-- No entries --\n"); if (arg_show_cursor || arg_cursor_file) { _cleanup_free_ char *cursor = NULL; r = sd_journal_get_cursor(j, &cursor); if (r < 0 && r != -EADDRNOTAVAIL) log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get cursor: %m"); else if (r >= 0) { if (arg_show_cursor) printf("-- cursor: %s\n", cursor); if (arg_cursor_file) { r = write_string_file(arg_cursor_file, cursor, WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE | WRITE_STRING_FILE_ATOMIC); if (r < 0) log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write new cursor to %s: %m", arg_cursor_file); } } } break; } fflush(stdout); r = wait_for_change(j, poll_fd); if (r < 0) goto finish; first_line = false; } finish: pager_close(); strv_free(arg_file); strv_free(arg_syslog_identifier); strv_free(arg_system_units); strv_free(arg_user_units); strv_free(arg_output_fields); free(arg_root); free(arg_verify_key); #if HAVE_PCRE2 if (arg_compiled_pattern) { pcre2_code_free(arg_compiled_pattern); /* --grep was used, no error was thrown, but the pattern didn't * match anything. Let's mimic grep's behavior here and return * a non-zero exit code, so journalctl --grep can be used * in scripts and such */ if (r == 0 && n_shown == 0) r = -ENOENT; } #endif return r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS; }