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-<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
-<HTML>
-<HEAD>
-<TITLE>Starting Apache</TITLE>
-</HEAD>
-
-<!-- Background white, links blue (unvisited), navy (visited), red (active) -->
-<BODY
- BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
- TEXT="#000000"
- LINK="#0000FF"
- VLINK="#000080"
- ALINK="#FF0000"
->
-<!--#include virtual="header.html" -->
-<H1 ALIGN="CENTER">Starting Apache</H1>
-
-<H2>Invoking Apache</H2>
-
-On Unix, the <CODE>httpd</CODE> program is usually run as a daemon
-which executes continuously, handling requests. It is possible to
-invoke Apache by the Internet daemon <CODE>inetd</CODE> each time a
-connection to the HTTP service is made (use the <A
-HREF="mod/core.html#servertype">ServerType</A> directive) but this is
-not recommended.
-
-<P>
-
-On Windows, Apache is normally run as a service on Windows NT, or as a
-console application on Windows 95. See also <A
-HREF="windows.html#run">running Apache for Windows</A>.
-
-<H2>Command line options</H2>
-The following options are recognized on the httpd command line:
-<DL>
-<DT><CODE>-d</CODE> <EM>serverroot</EM>
-<DD>Set the initial value for the
-<A HREF="mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</A> variable to
-<EM>serverroot</EM>. This can be overridden by the ServerRoot command
-in the configuration file. The default is
-<CODE>/usr/local/apache</CODE> on Unix, <CODE>/apache</CODE> on
-Windows and <CODE>/os2httpd</CODE> on OS/2.
-
-<DT><CODE>-D</CODE> <EM>name</EM>
-<DD>Define a name for use in in
-<A HREF="mod/core.html#ifdefine">IfDefine</A> directives.
-This option can be used to optionally enable certain functionality in the
-configuration file, or to use a common configuration for
-several independent hosts, where host specific information is enclosed in
-&lt;IfDefine&gt; sections.
-
-<DT><CODE>-f</CODE> <EM>config</EM>
-<DD>Execute the commands in the file <EM>config</EM> on startup. If
-<EM>config</EM> does not begin with a <CODE>/</CODE>, then it is taken to be a
-path relative to the <A HREF="mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</A>. The
-default is <CODE>conf/httpd.conf</CODE>.
-
-<DT><CODE>-C</CODE> <EM>"directive"</EM>
-<DD>Process the given apache "directive" (just as if it had been part of a
-configuration file) <STRONG>before</STRONG> actually reading the regular configuration files.
-
-<DT><CODE>-c</CODE> <EM>"directive"</EM>
-<DD>Process the given apache "directive" <STRONG>after</STRONG> reading
-all the regular configuration files.
-
-<DT><CODE>-X</CODE>
-<DD>Run in single-process mode, for internal debugging purposes only; the
-daemon does not detach from the terminal or fork any children. Do <EM>NOT</EM>
-use this mode to provide ordinary web service.
-
-<DT><CODE>-v</CODE>
-<DD>Print the version of httpd and its build date, and then exit.
-
-<DT><A NAME="version"><CODE>-V</CODE></A>
-<DD>Print the base version of httpd, its
-build date, and a list of compile time settings which influence the
-behavior and performance of the apache server (<EM>e.g.</EM>,
-<SAMP>-DUSE_MMAP_FILES</SAMP>),
-then exit.
-
-<DT><A NAME="help"><CODE>-L</CODE></A>
-<DD>
-
-Give a list of directives together with expected arguments and places
-where the directive is valid, then exit. (Apache 1.3.4 and
-later. Earlier versions used -l instead).
-
-
-<DT><CODE>-l</CODE></A>
-<DD>
-
-Give a list of all modules compiled into the server, then exit.
-(Apache 1.3.4 and later. Earlier versions used -h instead).<br>
-
-Give a list of directives together with expected arguments and places
-where the directive is valid, then exit. (Apache 1.2 to 1.3.3. Later
-versions use -L instead).
-
-
-
-<DT><CODE>-h</CODE>
-<DD>
-
-Print a list of the httpd options, then exit. (Apache 1.3.4 and
-later. Earlier versions used -? instead).<br>
-
-Give a list of all modules compiled into the server, then exit. (Up to
-Apache 1.3.3. Later versions use -l instead).<br>
-
-
-<DT><CODE>-S</CODE>
-<DD>Show the settings as parsed from the config file (currently only
-shows a breakdown of the vhost settings) but do not start the
-server. (Up to Apache 1.3.3, this option also started the server).
-
-<DT><CODE>-t</CODE>
-<DD>Test the configuration file syntax (<EM>i.e.</EM>, read all configuration files
-and interpret them) but do not start the server. If the configuration contains
-errors, display an error message and exit with a non-zero exit status,
-otherwise display "Syntax OK" and terminate with a zero exit status.
-
-<DT><CODE>-k</CODE> <EM>option</EM>
-<DD>Windows only: signal Apache to restart or shutdown. <EM>option</EM>
-is one of "shutdown" or "restart". (Apache 1.3.3 and later).
-
-<DT><CODE>-?</CODE>
-<DD>Print a list of the httpd options, and then exit (up to Apache
-1.3.3. Later version use -h instead).
-
-</DL>
-
-<H2>Configuration files</H2>
-The server will read three files for configuration directives. Any
-directive may appear in any of these files. The the names of these
-files are taken to be relative to the server root; this is set by the
-<A HREF="mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</A> directive, the
-<CODE>-d</CODE> command line flag, or (on Windows only) the registry
-(see <A HREF="windows.html#run">Running Apache for Windows</A>).
-
-Conventionally, the files are:
-<DL>
-<DT><CODE>conf/httpd.conf</CODE>
-<DD>Contains directives that control the operation of the server daemon.
-The filename may be overridden with the <CODE>-f</CODE> command line flag.
-
-<DT><CODE>conf/srm.conf</CODE>
-<DD>Contains directives that control the specification of documents that
-the server can provide to clients. The filename may be overridden with
-the <A HREF="mod/core.html#resourceconfig">ResourceConfig</A> directive.
-
-<DT><CODE>conf/access.conf</CODE>
-<DD>Contains directives that control access to documents.
-The filename may be overridden with the
-<A HREF="mod/core.html#accessconfig">AccessConfig</A> directive.
-</DL>
-However, these conventions need not be adhered to.
-<P>
-The server also reads a file containing mime document types; the filename
-is set by the <A HREF="mod/mod_mime.html#typesconfig">TypesConfig</A>
-directive,
-and is <CODE>conf/mime.types</CODE> by default.
-
-<H2>Log files</H2>
-<H3>security warning</H3>
-Anyone who can write to the directory where Apache is writing a
-log file can almost certainly gain access to the uid that the server is
-started as, which is normally root. Do <EM>NOT</EM> give people write
-access to the directory the logs are stored in without being aware of
-the consequences; see the <A HREF="misc/security_tips.html">security tips</A>
-document for details.
-<H3>pid file</H3>
-
-On startup, Apache saves the process id of the parent httpd process to
-the file <CODE>logs/httpd.pid</CODE>. This filename can be changed
-with the <A HREF="mod/core.html#pidfile">PidFile</A> directive. The
-process-id is for use by the administrator in restarting and
-terminating the daemon: on Unix, a HUP or USR1 signal causes the
-daemon to re-read its configuration files and a TERM signal causes it
-to die gracefully; on Windows, use the -k command line option instead.
-For more information see the <A HREF="stopping.html">Stopping and
-Restarting</A> page.
-
-<P>
-If the process dies (or is killed) abnormally, then it will be necessary to
-kill the children httpd processes.
-
-<H3>Error log</H3>
-
-The server will log error messages to a log file, by default
-<CODE>logs/error_log</CODE> on Unix or <CODE>logs/error.log</CODE> on
-Windows and OS/2. The filename can be set using the <A
-HREF="mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</A> directive; different error
-logs can be set for different <A
-HREF="mod/core.html#virtualhost">virtual hosts</A>.
-
-<H3>Transfer log</H3>
-
-The server will typically log each request to a transfer file, by
-default <CODE>logs/access_log</CODE> on Unix or
-<CODE>logs/access.log</CODE> on Windows and OS/2. The filename can be
-set using a <A
-HREF="mod/mod_log_config.html#transferlog">TransferLog</A> directive
-or additional log files created with the <A
-HREF="mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</A> directive;
-different transfer logs can be set for different <A
-HREF="mod/core.html#virtualhost">virtual hosts</A>.
-
-<!--#include virtual="footer.html" -->
-</BODY>
-</HTML>