diff options
author | Chet Ramey <chet.ramey@case.edu> | 2016-08-22 15:58:43 -0400 |
---|---|---|
committer | Chet Ramey <chet.ramey@case.edu> | 2016-08-22 15:58:43 -0400 |
commit | 955543877583837c85470f7fb8a97b7aa8d45e6c (patch) | |
tree | b239e7c3983a9189b8f0104854ee82283c5807ab /doc/bash.ps | |
parent | a4eef1991c25c9d1c55f777952cd522c762c6fc3 (diff) | |
download | bash-4.4-testing.tar.gz |
bash-4.4-rc2 releasebash-4.4-rc2bash-4.4-testing
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/bash.ps')
-rw-r--r-- | doc/bash.ps | 6796 |
1 files changed, 3398 insertions, 3398 deletions
diff --git a/doc/bash.ps b/doc/bash.ps index eb860baf..2dc3878e 100644 --- a/doc/bash.ps +++ b/doc/bash.ps @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.22.3 -%%CreationDate: Mon Jun 20 15:38:03 2016 +%%CreationDate: Thu Jul 14 11:47:28 2016 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic @@ -2205,12 +2205,13 @@ l to zero, the shell disables mail checking.)-.25 E F1(MAILP)108 648 Q (pands to the name of the current mail\214le.).15 E(Example:)5 E F1 (MAILP)144 696 Q -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0(=\010/v)A(ar/mail/bfox?"Y) -.25 E(ou ha)-1.1 E .3 -.15(ve m)-.2 H -(ail":~/shell\255mail?"$_ has mail!"\010).15 E F1(Bash)144 708 Q F0 .388 -(supplies a def)2.888 F .388(ault v)-.1 F .388(alue for this v)-.25 F -.388(ariable, b)-.25 F .389 -(ut the location of the user mail \214les that it uses is)-.2 F -(system dependent \(e.g., /v)144 720 Q(ar/mail/)-.25 E F1($USER)A F0 -(\).)A(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(16)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(ail":~/shell\255mail?"$_ has mail!"\010).15 E F1(Bash)144 708 Q F0 .015 +(can be con\214gured to supply a def)2.515 F .015(ault v)-.1 F .015 +(alue for this v)-.25 F .015(ariable \(there is no v)-.25 F .015 +(alue by def)-.25 F .015(ault\), b)-.1 F(ut)-.2 E(the location of the u\ +ser mail \214les that it uses is system dependent \(e.g., /v)144 720 Q +(ar/mail/)-.25 E F1($USER)A F0(\).)A(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29) +148.175 E(16)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 17 17 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3485,13 +3486,17 @@ F0 3.027(,b).68 G .527(ecause the standard error w)-3.027 F .527 (dirlist)2.5 E F0(.).68 E F1(Bash)108 604.8 Q F0 .599(handles se)3.099 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .599(ral \214lenames specially when the).15 F 3.099(ya) -.15 G .598(re used in redirections, as described in the follo)-3.099 F -(wing)-.25 E(table:)108 616.8 Q F1(/de)144 633.6 Q(v/fd/)-.15 E F2(fd)A -F0(If)180 645.6 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E(ger)-.15 -E 2.5<2c8c>-.4 G(le descriptor)-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0(is duplicated.)2.5 -E F1(/de)144 657.6 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.) -180 669.6 Q F1(/de)144 681.6 Q(v/stdout)-.15 E F0 -(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 693.6 Q F1(/de)144 705.6 Q -(v/stderr)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 717.6 Q +(wing)-.25 E 3.477(table. If)108 616.8 R .977 +(the operating system on which)3.477 F F1(bash)3.478 E F0 .978 +(is running pro)3.478 F .978 +(vides these special \214les, bash will use them;)-.15 F +(otherwise it will emulate them internally with the beha)108 628.8 Q +(vior described belo)-.2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F1(/de)144 645.6 Q(v/fd/)-.15 +E F2(fd)A F0(If)180 657.6 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E +(ger)-.15 E 2.5<2c8c>-.4 G(le descriptor)-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 +(is duplicated.)2.5 E F1(/de)144 669.6 Q(v/stdin)-.15 E F0 +(File descriptor 0 is duplicated.)180 681.6 Q F1(/de)144 693.6 Q +(v/stdout)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 1 is duplicated.)180 705.6 Q (GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(26)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 27 27 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -3499,2259 +3504,2256 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(/de)144 84 Q(v/tcp/)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(host)A F1(/)A F2 -(port)A F0(If)180 96 Q F2(host)2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496 -(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.997 E F0 .497 -(is an inte)2.997 F .497(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(vice name,)180 108 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 -(attempts to open the corresponding TCP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E F1(/de)144 -120 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 132 Q F2(host) -2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497 +SF(/de)144 84 Q(v/stderr)-.15 E F0(File descriptor 2 is duplicated.)180 +96 Q F1(/de)144 108 Q(v/tcp/)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(host)A F1(/) +A F2(port)A F0(If)180 120 Q F2(host)2.997 E F0 .497(is a v)2.997 F .497 (alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.996 E F0 .496 (is an inte)2.996 F .496(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(vice name,)180 144 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 +(vice name,)180 132 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 +(attempts to open the corresponding TCP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E F1(/de)144 +144 Q(v/udp/)-.15 E F2(host)A F1(/)A F2(port)A F0(If)180 156 Q F2(host) +2.996 E F0 .496(is a v)2.996 F .496 +(alid hostname or Internet address, and)-.25 F F2(port)2.997 E F0 .497 +(is an inte)2.997 F .497(ger port number or ser)-.15 F(-)-.2 E +(vice name,)180 168 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 (attempts to open the corresponding UDP sock)2.5 E(et.)-.1 E 2.5(Af)108 -160.8 S(ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f) --2.6 E(ail.)-.1 E .946(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater th\ -an 9 should be used with care, as the)108 177.6 R 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947 -(ay con\215ict with \214le)-3.447 F -(descriptors the shell uses internally)108 189.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1(Redir)87 -206.4 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391 +184.8 S(ailure to open or create a \214le causes the redirection to f) +-2.6 E(ail.)-.1 E .947(Redirections using \214le descriptors greater th\ +an 9 should be used with care, as the)108 201.6 R 3.446(ym)-.15 G .946 +(ay con\215ict with \214le)-3.446 F +(descriptors the shell uses internally)108 213.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1(Redir)87 +230.4 Q(ecting Input)-.18 E F0 .391 (Redirection of input causes the \214le whose name results from the e) -108 218.4 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.231 E(d)-.37 E F0 .391 -(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 230.4 Q F2 +108 242.4 R .391(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.231 E(d)-.37 E F0 .391 +(to be opened for read-)3.661 F(ing on \214le descriptor)108 254.4 Q F2 (n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(rt)-2.5 G (he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-2.5 E F2(n)2.86 E F0 (is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E -(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 247.2 Q([)144 264 Q F2 -(n)A F0(])A F1(<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 280.8 Q(ecting Output) --.18 E F0 .174 +(The general format for redirecting input is:)108 271.2 Q([)144 288 Q F2 +(n)A F0(])A F1(<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 304.8 Q(ecting Output) +-.18 E F0 .175 (Redirection of output causes the \214le whose name results from the e) -108 292.8 R .175(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.015 E(d)-.37 E F0 .175 -(to be opened for writ-)3.445 F .825(ing on \214le descriptor)108 304.8 -R F2(n)3.325 E F0 3.325(,o).24 G 3.325(rt)-3.325 G .824 -(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.325 F F2(n)3.684 E F0 -.824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .824(If the \214le does not)5.824 F --.15(ex)108 316.8 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E +108 316.8 R .174(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.014 E(d)-.37 E F0 .174 +(to be opened for writ-)3.444 F .824(ing on \214le descriptor)108 328.8 +R F2(n)3.324 E F0 3.324(,o).24 G 3.324(rt)-3.324 G .824 +(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-3.324 F F2(n)3.684 E F0 +.824(is not speci\214ed.)3.564 F .825(If the \214le does not)5.825 F +-.15(ex)108 340.8 S(ist it is created; if it does e).15 E (xist it is truncated to zero size.)-.15 E -(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 333.6 Q([)144 350.4 Q -F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .154 -(If the redirection operator is)108 367.2 R F1(>)2.654 E F0 2.654(,a)C -.154(nd the)-2.654 F F1(noclob)2.654 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the) -2.654 F F1(set)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .155 -(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .658(will f)108 379.2 R -.658(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658 -(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .657 -(ists and is a re).15 F .657(gular \214le.)-.15 F .657(If the redi-) -5.657 F .408(rection operator is)108 391.2 R F1(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C +(The general format for redirecting output is:)108 357.6 Q([)144 374.4 Q +F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .155 +(If the redirection operator is)108 391.2 R F1(>)2.655 E F0 2.655(,a)C +.155(nd the)-2.655 F F1(noclob)2.655 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .154(option to the) +2.654 F F1(set)2.654 E F0 -.2(bu)2.654 G .154 +(iltin has been enabled, the redirection).2 F .657(will f)108 403.2 R +.657(ail if the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .658 +(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.158 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.158 G .658 +(ists and is a re).15 F .658(gular \214le.)-.15 F .658(If the redi-) +5.658 F .409(rection operator is)108 415.2 R F1(>|)2.909 E F0 2.909(,o)C 2.909(rt)-2.909 G .409(he redirection operator is)-2.909 F F1(>)2.909 E F0 .409(and the)2.909 F F1(noclob)2.909 E(ber)-.1 E F0 .409 -(option to the)2.909 F F1(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.909 G .409 +(option to the)2.909 F F1(set)2.909 E F0 -.2(bu)2.908 G .408 (iltin command).2 F(is not enabled, the redirection is attempted e)108 -403.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by) +427.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214le named by) -2.5 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F1 -.25(Ap)87 -420 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .642 -(Redirection of output in this f)108 432 R .642 -(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .641 -(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.481 E(d)-.37 E F0 .641(to be)3.911 F .473 -(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 444 R F2(n)2.973 E F0 +444 S(pending Redir).25 E(ected Output)-.18 E F0 .641 +(Redirection of output in this f)108 456 R .642 +(ashion causes the \214le whose name results from the e)-.1 F .642 +(xpansion of)-.15 F F2(wor)3.482 E(d)-.37 E F0 .642(to be)3.912 F .474 +(opened for appending on \214le descriptor)108 468 R F2(n)2.974 E F0 2.974(,o).24 G 2.974(rt)-2.974 G .474 -(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.974 F F2(n)3.334 E F0 -.474(is not speci\214ed.)3.214 F(If)5.474 E(the \214le does not e)108 -456 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E -(The general format for appending output is:)108 472.8 Q([)144 489.6 Q -F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 506.4 Q -(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249 -(This construct allo)108 518.4 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\ +(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.974 F F2(n)3.333 E F0 +.473(is not speci\214ed.)3.213 F(If)5.473 E(the \214le does not e)108 +480 Q(xist it is created.)-.15 E +(The general format for appending output is:)108 496.8 Q([)144 513.6 Q +F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>>)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F1(Redir)87 530.4 Q +(ecting Standard Output and Standard Err)-.18 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248 +(This construct allo)108 542.4 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\ \214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-) -.25 F(tor 2\) to be redirected to the \214le whose name is the e)108 -530.4 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E -(There are tw)108 547.2 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G +554.4 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E +(There are tw)108 571.2 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G (ormats for redirecting standard output and standard error:)-2.5 E F1 -(&>)144 564 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(and)108 576 Q F1(>&)144 588 Q F2(wor) -A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 604.8 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G +(&>)144 588 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(and)108 600 Q F1(>&)144 612 Q F2(wor) +A(d)-.37 E F0(Of the tw)108 628.8 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G (orms, the \214rst is preferred.)-2.5 E(This is semantically equi)5 E --.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>)144 621.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 -E F1(>&)A F0(1)A .114(When using the second form,)108 638.4 R F2(wor) +-.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1(>)144 645.6 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 +E F1(>&)A F0(1)A .115(When using the second form,)108 662.4 R F2(wor) 2.614 E(d)-.37 E F0 .114(may not e)2.614 F .114(xpand to a number or) --.15 F F1<ad>2.614 E F0 5.114(.I)C 2.614(fi)-5.114 G 2.615(td)-2.614 G -.115(oes, other redirection operators)-2.615 F(apply \(see)108 650.4 Q +-.15 F F1<ad>2.614 E F0 5.114(.I)C 2.614(fi)-5.114 G 2.614(td)-2.614 G +.114(oes, other redirection operators)-2.614 F(apply \(see)108 674.4 Q F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E -(w\) for compatibility reasons.)-.25 E F1 -.25(Ap)87 667.2 S -(pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)-.18 E F0 .249 -(This construct allo)108 679.2 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\ +(w\) for compatibility reasons.)-.25 E F1 -.25(Ap)87 691.2 S +(pending Standard Output and Standard Err).25 E(or)-.18 E F0 .248 +(This construct allo)108 703.2 R .249(ws both the standard output \(\ \214le descriptor 1\) and the standard error output \(\214le descrip-) -.25 F(tor 2\) to be appended to the \214le whose name is the e)108 -691.2 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E -(The format for appending standard output and standard error is:)108 708 -Q F1(&>>)144 724.8 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q -(2016 May 29)148.175 E(27)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +715.2 Q(xpansion of)-.15 E F2(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.).77 E +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(27)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 28 28 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -(This is semantically equi)108 84 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(>>)144 100.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)A(d)-.37 E -F0(2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A(\(see)108 117.6 Q F1 -(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(Her)87 -134.4 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This type of redirection i\ -nstructs the shell to read input from the current source until a line c\ -ontaining only)108 146.4 R F2(delimiter)108.35 158.4 Q F0 .615 -(\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.845 F .615 +(The format for appending standard output and standard error is:)108 84 +Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(&>>)144 100.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(wor)A(d) +-.37 E F0(This is semantically equi)108 117.6 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to) +.25 E F1(>>)144 134.4 Q F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(2)2.5 E F1(>&)A F0(1)A +(\(see)108 151.2 Q F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)2.5 E F0(belo)2.5 E +(w\).)-.25 E F1(Her)87 168 Q 2.5(eD)-.18 G(ocuments)-2.5 E F0 .33(This \ +type of redirection instructs the shell to read input from the current \ +source until a line containing only)108 180 R F2(delimiter)108.35 192 Q +F0 .614(\(with no trailing blanks\) is seen.)3.844 F .615 (All of the lines read up to that point are then used as the stan-)5.615 -F(dard input \(or \214le descriptor)108 170.4 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E -F2(n)2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\) for a command.)2.5 E -(The format of here-documents is:)108 187.2 Q([)144 204 Q F2(n)A F0(])A -F1(<<)A F0([)A F1<ad>A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 216 Q -(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter)144 228 Q F0 .301(No parameter and v)108 -244.8 R .302(ariable e)-.25 F .302 -(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F .302 +F(dard input \(or \214le descriptor)108 204 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E F2 +(n)2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\) for a command.)2.5 E +(The format of here-documents is:)108 220.8 Q([)144 237.6 Q F2(n)A F0(]) +A F1(<<)A F0([)A F1<ad>A F0(])A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E(her)164 249.6 Q +(e-document)-.37 E(delimiter)144 261.6 Q F0 .302(No parameter and v)108 +278.4 R .302(ariable e)-.25 F .302 +(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic e)-.15 F .301 (xpansion, or pathname e)-.15 F(xpansion)-.15 E .415(is performed on)108 -256.8 R F2(wor)2.915 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.415(.I).77 G 2.915(fa)-5.415 G .715 +290.4 R F2(wor)2.915 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.415(.I).77 G 2.915(fa)-5.415 G .715 -.15(ny p)-2.915 H .415(art of).15 F F2(wor)3.255 E(d)-.37 E F0 .415 (is quoted, the)3.685 F F2(delimiter)3.265 E F0 .415 (is the result of quote remo)3.645 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.915(lo).25 G(n) --2.915 E F2(wor)2.915 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E .773 -(and the lines in the here-document are not e)108 268.8 R 3.274 -(xpanded. If)-.15 F F2(wor)3.274 E(d)-.37 E F0 .774 -(is unquoted, all lines of the here-document)3.274 F 2.59 -(are subjected to parameter e)108 280.8 R 2.59 +-2.915 E F2(wor)2.915 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E .774 +(and the lines in the here-document are not e)108 302.4 R 3.274 +(xpanded. If)-.15 F F2(wor)3.273 E(d)-.37 E F0 .773 +(is unquoted, all lines of the here-document)3.273 F 2.59 +(are subjected to parameter e)108 314.4 R 2.59 (xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F 2.59 -(xpansion, the character)-.15 F(sequence)108 292.8 Q F1(\\<newline>)2.5 +(xpansion, the character)-.15 F(sequence)108 326.4 Q F1(\\<newline>)2.5 E F0(is ignored, and)2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0 (must be used to quote the characters)2.5 E F1(\\)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($)2.5 -E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .601 -(If the redirection operator is)108 309.6 R F1(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101 +E F0 2.5(,a)C(nd)-2.5 E F1<92>2.5 E F0(.)A .602 +(If the redirection operator is)108 343.2 R F1(<<\255)3.101 E F0 3.101 (,t)C .601(hen all leading tab characters are stripped from input lines\ - and the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 321.6 Q F2(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5 + and the line)-3.101 F(containing)108 355.2 Q F2(delimiter)2.5 E F0 5 (.T).73 G(his allo)-5 E (ws here-documents within shell scripts to be indented in a natural f) --.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F1(Her)87 338.4 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0 -2.5(Av)108 350.4 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E([) -144 367.2 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<<<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 384 Q F2 -(wor)2.894 E(d)-.37 E F0(under)2.894 E .394(goes brace e)-.18 F .393 -(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .393(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .393 -(ariable e)-.25 F .393(xpansion, command substi-)-.15 F 2.147 -(tution, arithmetic e)108 396 R 2.147(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F +-.25 E(ashion.)-.1 E F1(Her)87 372 Q 2.5(eS)-.18 G(trings)-2.5 E F0 2.5 +(Av)108 384 S(ariant of here documents, the format is:)-2.75 E([)144 +400.8 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<<<)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(The)108 417.6 Q F2 +(wor)2.893 E(d)-.37 E F0(under)2.893 E .393(goes brace e)-.18 F .393 +(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .393(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .394 +(ariable e)-.25 F .394(xpansion, command substi-)-.15 F 2.148 +(tution, arithmetic e)108 429.6 R 2.148(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 4.648(l. P).25 F 2.148(athname e)-.15 F 2.148 -(xpansion and w)-.15 F 2.148(ord splitting are not per)-.1 F(-)-.2 E -2.813(formed. The)108 408 R .313 -(result is supplied as a single string, with a ne)2.813 F .312 +(xpansion and w)-.15 F 2.147(ord splitting are not per)-.1 F(-)-.2 E +2.812(formed. The)108 441.6 R .313 +(result is supplied as a single string, with a ne)2.812 F .313 (wline appended, to the command on its standard)-.25 F -(input \(or \214le descriptor)108 420 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 -E F0(is speci\214ed\).)2.5 E F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 436.8 Q -F0(The redirection operator)108 448.8 Q([)144 465.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1 -(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .126 -(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 482.4 R(If)5.127 E -F2(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .127 +(input \(or \214le descriptor)108 453.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E F2(n) +2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\).)2.5 E F1(Duplicating File Descriptors)87 +470.4 Q F0(The redirection operator)108 482.4 Q([)144 499.2 Q F2(n)A F0 +(])A F1(<&)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .127 +(is used to duplicate input \214le descriptors.)108 516 R(If)5.127 E F2 +(wor)2.967 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.15(ex)3.397 G .126 (pands to one or more digits, the \214le descriptor denoted).15 F(by)108 -494.4 Q F2(n)3.318 E F0 .458(is made to be a cop)3.198 F 2.958(yo)-.1 G -2.958(ft)-2.958 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.958 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G -2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.297 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.457(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.727 F .149 -(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 506.4 R(If)5.149 E F2(wor) -2.989 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.419 G .149(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.649 E -F0 2.65<2c8c>C .15(le descriptor)-2.65 F F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is closed.) -2.89 F(If)5.15 E F2(n)3.01 E F0 .15(is not speci\214ed,)2.89 F -(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 518.4 Q -(The operator)108 535.2 Q([)144 552 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(wor)A(d) --.37 E F0 .444 -(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 568.8 R -(If)5.444 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .443 -(is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.183 F 1.357 -(tor 1\) is used.)108 580.8 R 1.357(If the digits in)6.357 F F2(wor) -4.197 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.358(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for o\ -utput, a redirection error)4.627 F 2.754(occurs. If)108 592.8 R F2(wor) -3.094 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.524 G .254(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.754 E +528 Q F2(n)3.317 E F0 .457(is made to be a cop)3.197 F 2.957(yo)-.1 G +2.957(ft)-2.957 G .457(hat \214le descriptor)-2.957 F 5.457(.I)-.55 G +2.957(ft)-5.457 G .457(he digits in)-2.957 F F2(wor)3.298 E(d)-.37 E F0 +.458(do not specify a \214le descriptor open)3.728 F .15 +(for input, a redirection error occurs.)108 540 R(If)5.15 E F2(wor)2.99 +E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.42 G .15(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.65 E F0 2.649 +<2c8c>C .149(le descriptor)-2.649 F F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is closed.) +2.889 F(If)5.149 E F2(n)3.009 E F0 .149(is not speci\214ed,)2.889 F +(the standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) is used.)108 552 Q +(The operator)108 568.8 Q([)144 585.6 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(wor)A +(d)-.37 E F0 .443 +(is used similarly to duplicate output \214le descriptors.)108 602.4 R +(If)5.443 E F2(n)3.304 E F0 .444 +(is not speci\214ed, the standard output \(\214le descrip-)3.184 F 1.358 +(tor 1\) is used.)108 614.4 R 1.358(If the digits in)6.358 F F2(wor) +4.198 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.357(do not specify a \214le descriptor open for o\ +utput, a redirection error)4.628 F 2.753(occurs. If)108 626.4 R F2(wor) +3.093 E(d)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)3.523 G .253(luates to).25 F F1<ad>2.754 E F0 2.754<2c8c>C .254(le descriptor)-2.754 F F2(n)3.114 E F0 .254 (is closed.)2.994 F .254(As a special case, if)5.254 F F2(n)2.754 E F0 -.253(is omitted, and)2.754 F F2(wor)2.753 E(d)-.37 E F0(does)2.753 E -.965(not e)108 604.8 R .965(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F1<ad> -3.465 E F0 3.466(,t)C .966 +.254(is omitted, and)2.754 F F2(wor)2.754 E(d)-.37 E F0(does)2.754 E +.966(not e)108 638.4 R .966(xpand to one or more digits or)-.15 F F1<ad> +3.466 E F0 3.466(,t)C .965 (he standard output and standard error are redirected as described) --3.466 F(pre)108 616.8 Q(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1(Mo)87 633.6 Q -(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0(The redirection operator)108 645.6 Q([) -144 662.4 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 679.2 Q --.15(ve)-.15 G 3.036(st).15 G .536(he \214le descriptor)-3.036 F F2 -(digit)3.036 E F0 .536(to \214le descriptor)3.036 F F2(n)3.036 E F0 -3.036(,o).24 G 3.036(rt)-3.036 G .535 -(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.036 F F2(n)3.035 E F0 -.535(is not speci-)3.035 F(\214ed.)108 691.2 Q F2(digit)5 E F0 -(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.)A(Similarly) -108 708 Q 2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)144 724.8 Q F2 -(n)A F0(])A F1(>&)A F2(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q -(2016 May 29)148.175 E(28)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +-3.466 F(pre)108 650.4 Q(viously)-.25 E(.)-.65 E F1(Mo)87 667.2 Q +(ving File Descriptors)-.1 E F0(The redirection operator)108 679.2 Q([) +144 696 Q F2(n)A F0(])A F1(<&)A F2(digit)A F1<ad>A F0(mo)108 712.8 Q +-.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(st).15 G .535(he \214le descriptor)-3.035 F F2 +(digit)3.035 E F0 .535(to \214le descriptor)3.035 F F2(n)3.035 E F0 +3.035(,o).24 G 3.035(rt)-3.035 G .536 +(he standard input \(\214le descriptor 0\) if)-3.035 F F2(n)3.036 E F0 +.536(is not speci-)3.036 F(\214ed.)108 724.8 Q F2(digit)5 E F0 +(is closed after being duplicated to)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(.)A +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(28)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 29 29 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(mo)108 84 Q -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.785(st).15 G .285(he \214le descriptor)-2.785 F/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(digit)2.785 E F0 .285(to \214le descriptor)2.785 F F1 -(n)2.785 E F0 2.785(,o).24 G 2.785(rt)-2.785 G .286 -(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.785 F F1(n)2.786 E F0 -.286(is not speci-)2.786 F(\214ed.)108 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(Opening File Descriptors f)87 112.8 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0 -(The redirection operator)108 124.8 Q([)144 141.6 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<>) +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(Similarly)108 84 Q +2.5(,t)-.65 G(he redirection operator)-2.5 E([)144 100.8 Q/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(>&)A F1(digit)A F2 +<ad>A F0(mo)108 117.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.786(st).15 G .286 +(he \214le descriptor)-2.786 F F1(digit)2.786 E F0 .286 +(to \214le descriptor)2.786 F F1(n)2.786 E F0 2.786(,o).24 G 2.786(rt) +-2.786 G .285(he standard output \(\214le descriptor 1\) if)-2.786 F F1 +(n)2.785 E F0 .285(is not speci-)2.785 F(\214ed.)108 129.6 Q F2 +(Opening File Descriptors f)87 146.4 Q(or Reading and Writing)-.25 E F0 +(The redirection operator)108 158.4 Q([)144 175.2 Q F1(n)A F0(])A F2(<>) A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 1.349(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108 -158.4 R 1.349(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)4.189 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.349 +192 R 1.349(xpansion of)-.15 F F1(wor)4.189 E(d)-.37 E F0 1.349 (to be opened for both reading and writing on \214le)4.619 F(descriptor) -108 170.4 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G +108 204 Q F1(n)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c>-2.5 G (le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F1(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E (If the \214le does not e)5 E(xist, it is created.)-.15 E/F3 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 187.2 Q F1(Aliases)108 199.2 Q F0(allo)3.173 -E 3.173(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.173 F .674 -(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .674 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)72 220.8 Q F1(Aliases)108 232.8 Q F0(allo)3.174 +E 3.174(was)-.25 G .674(tring to be substituted for a w)-3.174 F .674 +(ord when it is used as the \214rst w)-.1 F .673 (ord of a simple command.)-.1 F .394(The shell maintains a list of alia\ -ses that may be set and unset with the)108 211.2 R F2(alias)2.893 E F0 -(and)2.893 E F2(unalias)2.893 E F0 -.2(bu)2.893 G .393(iltin commands).2 -F(\(see)108 223.2 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.979(SHELL B)4.479 F(UIL)-.09 -E 1.979(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.229 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98 -(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.98(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 F -(check)108 235.2 Q .473(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .473 -(If so, that w)5.473 F .472(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .472 -(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .472(The characters)5.472 F F2(/)2.972 E F0(,)A -F2($)2.972 E F0(,)A F2<92>2.972 E F0(,)A(and)108 247.2 Q F2(=)3.611 E F0 -1.111(and an)3.611 F 3.611(yo)-.15 G 3.611(ft)-3.611 G 1.111(he shell) --3.611 F F1(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112 -(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.412 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.112 -(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.62(name. The)108 259.2 R 1.12 -(replacement te)3.62 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G -1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.119 -(The \214rst)6.119 F -.1(wo)108 271.2 S .513(rd of the replacement te).1 -F .513(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .513(ut a w)-.2 F .514 -(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .514(xpanded is)-.15 F -.296(not e)108 283.2 R .296(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296 -(This means that one may alias)5.296 F F2(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F2 -.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .295(or instance, and)-2.796 F F2 -(bash)2.795 E F0 .295(does not try)2.795 F .542(to recursi)108 295.2 R --.15(ve)-.25 G .542(ly e).15 F .542(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F -3.042(xt. If)-.15 F .543(the last character of the alias v)3.042 F .543 -(alue is a)-.25 F F1(blank)3.043 E F0 3.043(,t).67 G .543(hen the ne) --3.043 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 307.2 Q(ord follo)-.1 E +ses that may be set and unset with the)108 244.8 R F2(alias)2.894 E F0 +(and)2.894 E F2(unalias)2.894 E F0 -.2(bu)2.894 G .394(iltin commands).2 +F(\(see)108 256.8 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.98(SHELL B)4.48 F(UIL)-.09 E +1.98(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)4.23 E 4.48(w\). The)-.25 F 1.98 +(\214rst w)4.48 F 1.979(ord of each simple command, if unquoted, is)-.1 +F(check)108 268.8 Q .472(ed to see if it has an alias.)-.1 F .472 +(If so, that w)5.472 F .473(ord is replaced by the te)-.1 F .473 +(xt of the alias.)-.15 F .473(The characters)5.473 F F2(/)2.973 E F0(,)A +F2($)2.973 E F0(,)A F2<92>2.973 E F0(,)A(and)108 280.8 Q F2(=)3.612 E F0 +1.112(and an)3.612 F 3.612(yo)-.15 G 3.612(ft)-3.612 G 1.112(he shell) +-3.612 F F1(metac)3.612 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.112 +(or quoting characters listed abo)3.612 F 1.411 -.15(ve m)-.15 H 1.111 +(ay not appear in an alias).15 F 3.619(name. The)108 292.8 R 1.119 +(replacement te)3.619 F 1.119(xt may contain an)-.15 F 3.619(yv)-.15 G +1.119(alid shell input, including shell metacharacters.)-3.869 F 1.12 +(The \214rst)6.12 F -.1(wo)108 304.8 S .514(rd of the replacement te).1 +F .514(xt is tested for aliases, b)-.15 F .514(ut a w)-.2 F .513 +(ord that is identical to an alias being e)-.1 F .513(xpanded is)-.15 F +.295(not e)108 316.8 R .295(xpanded a second time.)-.15 F .296 +(This means that one may alias)5.295 F F2(ls)2.796 E F0(to)2.796 E F2 +.296(ls \255F)2.796 F F0 2.796(,f)C .296(or instance, and)-2.796 F F2 +(bash)2.796 E F0 .296(does not try)2.796 F .543(to recursi)108 328.8 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G .543(ly e).15 F .543(xpand the replacement te)-.15 F +3.043(xt. If)-.15 F .543(the last character of the alias v)3.043 F .542 +(alue is a)-.25 F F1(blank)3.042 E F0 3.042(,t).67 G .542(hen the ne) +-3.042 F(xt)-.15 E(command w)108 340.8 Q(ord follo)-.1 E (wing the alias is also check)-.25 E(ed for alias e)-.1 E(xpansion.)-.15 -E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 324 Q F2(alias)2.5 E F0 +E(Aliases are created and listed with the)108 357.6 Q F2(alias)2.5 E F0 (command, and remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith the)-2.5 E F2 (unalias)2.5 E F0(command.)2.5 E .284 -(There is no mechanism for using ar)108 340.8 R .284 +(There is no mechanism for using ar)108 374.4 R .284 (guments in the replacement te)-.18 F 2.784(xt. If)-.15 F(ar)2.784 E .284(guments are needed, a shell func-)-.18 F(tion should be used \(see) -108 352.8 Q F4(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E 1.22 -(Aliases are not e)108 369.6 R 1.22 +108 386.4 Q F4(FUNCTIONS)2.5 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E 1.22 +(Aliases are not e)108 403.2 R 1.22 (xpanded when the shell is not interacti)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.72(,u) .15 G 1.22(nless the)-3.72 F F2(expand_aliases)3.72 E F0 1.22 -(shell option is set)3.72 F(using)108 381.6 Q F2(shopt)2.5 E F0 +(shell option is set)3.72 F(using)108 415.2 Q F2(shopt)2.5 E F0 (\(see the description of)2.5 E F2(shopt)2.5 E F0(under)2.5 E F4 (SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 -E .436 +E .435 (The rules concerning the de\214nition and use of aliases are some)108 -398.4 R .435(what confusing.)-.25 F F2(Bash)5.435 E F0(al)2.935 E -.1 -(wa)-.1 G .435(ys reads at least).1 F .337 -(one complete line of input before e)108 410.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .338 +432 R .436(what confusing.)-.25 F F2(Bash)5.436 E F0(al)2.936 E -.1(wa) +-.1 G .436(ys reads at least).1 F .338 +(one complete line of input before e)108 444 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .338 (cuting an).15 F 2.838(yo)-.15 G 2.838(ft)-2.838 G .338 -(he commands on that line.)-2.838 F .338(Aliases are e)5.338 F .338 -(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.404(ac)108 422.4 S .904 -(ommand is read, not when it is e)-3.404 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.404 +(he commands on that line.)-2.838 F .337(Aliases are e)5.337 F .337 +(xpanded when)-.15 F 3.403(ac)108 456 S .904 +(ommand is read, not when it is e)-3.403 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.404 (cuted. Therefore,).15 F .904 -(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as)3.404 F 1.161 -(another command does not tak)108 434.4 R 3.662(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.662 -G 1.162(ect until the ne).25 F 1.162(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F -1.162(The commands follo)6.162 F 1.162(wing the)-.25 F .277 -(alias de\214nition on that line are not af)108 446.4 R .277 +(an alias de\214nition appearing on the same line as)3.404 F 1.162 +(another command does not tak)108 468 R 3.662(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.662 G +1.162(ect until the ne).25 F 1.162(xt line of input is read.)-.15 F +1.161(The commands follo)6.161 F 1.161(wing the)-.25 F .277 +(alias de\214nition on that line are not af)108 480 R .277 (fected by the ne)-.25 F 2.777(wa)-.25 G 2.777(lias. This)-2.777 F(beha) -2.777 E .277(vior is also an issue when functions)-.2 F .698(are e)108 -458.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.198(cuted. Aliases).15 F .698(are e)3.198 F -.699(xpanded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the functio\ -n is e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .613 -(because a function de\214nition is itself a command.)108 470.4 R .612 +2.777 E .277(vior is also an issue when functions)-.2 F .699(are e)108 +492 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.199(cuted. Aliases).15 F .699(are e)3.199 F .699 +(xpanded when a function de\214nition is read, not when the function is\ + e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E .612 +(because a function de\214nition is itself a command.)108 504 R .613 (As a consequence, aliases de\214ned in a function are not)5.612 F -.2 -(av)108 482.4 S .058(ailable until after that function is e)-.05 F -.15 +(av)108 516 S .059(ailable until after that function is e)-.05 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G 2.558(cuted. T).15 F 2.558(ob)-.8 G 2.558(es)-2.558 G .058 -(afe, al)-2.558 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .059 +(afe, al)-2.558 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .058 (ys put alias de\214nitions on a separate line, and).1 F(do not use)108 -494.4 Q F2(alias)2.5 E F0(in compound commands.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)108 511.2 -S 2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +528 Q F2(alias)2.5 E F0(in compound commands.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)108 544.8 S +2.5(ra).15 G(lmost e)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G (ry purpose, aliases are superseded by shell functions.).15 E F3 -(FUNCTIONS)72 528 Q F0 3.468(As)108 540 S .968 -(hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.468 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15 +(FUNCTIONS)72 561.6 Q F0 3.467(As)108 573.6 S .967 +(hell function, de\214ned as described abo)-3.467 F 1.267 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F4 .967(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.467 F/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 -.967(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F 1.001(later e)108 552 R --.15(xe)-.15 G 3.501(cution. When).15 F 1.002(the name of a shell funct\ -ion is used as a simple command name, the list of com-)3.501 F .316 -(mands associated with that function name is e)108 564 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .315 -(cuted in the conte).15 F .315(xt of the current)-.15 F .035 -(shell; no ne)108 576 R 2.535(wp)-.25 G .036 -(rocess is created to interpret them \(contrast this with the e)-2.535 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script\).).15 F .036(When a)5.036 -F .64(function is e)108 588 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .64(cuted, the ar).15 F +.968(stores a series of commands for)3.217 F 1.002(later e)108 585.6 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G 3.502(cution. When).15 F 1.002(the name of a shell funct\ +ion is used as a simple command name, the list of com-)3.502 F .315 +(mands associated with that function name is e)108 597.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 +G 2.816(cuted. Functions).15 F .316(are e)2.816 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .316 +(cuted in the conte).15 F .316(xt of the current)-.15 F .036 +(shell; no ne)108 609.6 R 2.536(wp)-.25 G .036 +(rocess is created to interpret them \(contrast this with the e)-2.536 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .036(cution of a shell script\).).15 F .035(When a)5.035 +F .639(function is e)108 621.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .639(cuted, the ar).15 F .639 (guments to the function become the positional parameters during its e) --.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .532(The special parameter)108 600 R -F2(#)3.032 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.032 F .532 -(Special parameter)5.532 F F2(0)3.033 E F0 .533(is unchanged.)3.033 F -.533(The \214rst ele-)5.533 F(ment of the)108 612 Q F4(FUNCN)2.5 E(AME) --.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G +-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cution.).15 E .533(The special parameter)108 633.6 +R F2(#)3.033 E F0 .532(is updated to re\215ect the change.)3.033 F .532 +(Special parameter)5.532 F F2(0)3.032 E F0 .532(is unchanged.)3.032 F +.532(The \214rst ele-)5.532 F(ment of the)108 645.6 Q F4(FUNCN)2.5 E +(AME)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G (riable is set to the name of the function while the function is e).25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting.).15 E 1.25(All other aspects of the shell e)108 -628.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.25(cution en).15 F 1.25 +662.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.25(cution en).15 F 1.25 (vironment are identical between a function and its caller with)-.4 F -1.214(these e)108 640.8 R 1.214(xceptions: the)-.15 F F4(DEB)3.714 E(UG) --.09 E F0(and)3.464 E F2(RETURN)3.715 E F0 1.215 -(traps \(see the description of the)3.715 F F2(trap)3.715 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.715 G 1.215(iltin under).2 F F4(SHELL)3.715 E -.09(BU)108 652.8 S(IL) -.09 E .479(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.729 E .479 +1.215(these e)108 674.4 R 1.215(xceptions: the)-.15 F F4(DEB)3.715 E(UG) +-.09 E F0(and)3.465 E F2(RETURN)3.715 E F0 1.215 +(traps \(see the description of the)3.715 F F2(trap)3.714 E F0 -.2(bu) +3.714 G 1.214(iltin under).2 F F4(SHELL)3.714 E -.09(BU)108 686.4 S(IL) +.09 E .478(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.728 E .479 (w\) are not inherited unless the function has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.978(nt).15 G(he)-2.978 E F2(trace)2.978 E F0(attrib)2.978 E -.478(ute \(see)-.2 F .42(the description of the)108 664.8 R F4(declar) +-.25 G 2.979(nt).15 G(he)-2.979 E F2(trace)2.979 E F0(attrib)2.979 E +.479(ute \(see)-.2 F .421(the description of the)108 698.4 R F4(declar) 2.92 E(e)-.162 E F0 -.2(bu)2.67 G .42(iltin belo).2 F .42(w\) or the) -.25 F F2 .42(\255o functrace)2.92 F F0 .42 -(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F2(set)2.921 E F0 -.2(bu) -108 676.8 S .072(iltin \(in which case all functions inherit the).2 F F2 +(shell option has been enabled with the)2.92 F F2(set)2.92 E F0 -.2(bu) +108 710.4 S .071(iltin \(in which case all functions inherit the).2 F F2 (DEB)2.572 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.572 E F2(RETURN)2.572 E F0 .072 -(traps\), and the)2.572 F F4(ERR)2.571 E F0 .071(trap is not inher)2.321 -F(-)-.2 E(ited unless the)108 688.8 Q F2(\255o errtrace)2.5 E F0 -(shell option has been enabled.)2.5 E -1.11(Va)108 705.6 S .655 -(riables local to the function may be declared with the)1.11 F F2(local) -3.155 E F0 -.2(bu)3.156 G .656(iltin command.).2 F(Ordinarily)5.656 E -3.156(,v)-.65 G .656(ariables and)-3.406 F(their v)108 717.6 Q -(alues are shared between the function and its caller)-.25 E(.)-.55 E -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(29)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(traps\), and the)2.572 F F4(ERR)2.572 E F0 .072(trap is not inher)2.322 +F(-)-.2 E(ited unless the)108 722.4 Q F2(\255o errtrace)2.5 E F0 +(shell option has been enabled.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29) +148.175 E(29)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 30 30 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(The)108 84 Q/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCNEST)3.529 E F0 -.25(va)3.529 G 1.028 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -1.11(Va)108 84 S +.656(riables local to the function may be declared with the)1.11 F/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(local)3.155 E F0 -.2(bu)3.155 G .655(iltin command.).2 +F(Ordinarily)5.655 E 3.155(,v)-.65 G .655(ariables and)-3.405 F(their v) +108 96 Q(alues are shared between the function and its caller)-.25 E(.) +-.55 E(The)108 112.8 Q F1(FUNCNEST)3.528 E F0 -.25(va)3.528 G 1.028 (riable, if set to a numeric v).25 F 1.028 (alue greater than 0, de\214nes a maximum function nesting)-.25 F(le)108 -96 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l. Function).15 F(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G +124.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l. Function).15 F(in)2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G (cations that e).2 E(xceed the limit cause the entire command to abort.) --.15 E .043(If the b)108 112.8 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F F1 -.18(re) +-.15 E .044(If the b)108 141.6 R .043(uiltin command)-.2 F F1 -.18(re) 2.543 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .043(is e)2.543 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .043 (cuted in a function, the function completes and e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.044(cution resumes with).15 F 1.012(the ne)108 124.8 R 1.012 +.043(cution resumes with).15 F 1.011(the ne)108 153.6 R 1.011 (xt command after the function call.)-.15 F(An)6.011 E 3.511(yc)-.15 G -1.011(ommand associated with the)-3.511 F F1(RETURN)3.511 E F0 1.011 -(trap is e)3.511 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .213(before e)108 136.8 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .213(cution resumes.).15 F .213 -(When a function completes, the v)5.213 F .214 +1.011(ommand associated with the)-3.511 F F1(RETURN)3.512 E F0 1.012 +(trap is e)3.512 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E .214(before e)108 165.6 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .214(cution resumes.).15 F .213 +(When a function completes, the v)5.214 F .213 (alues of the positional parameters and the spe-)-.25 F(cial parameter) -108 148.8 Q F1(#)2.5 E F0(are restored to the v)2.5 E(alues the)-.25 E +108 177.6 Q F1(#)2.5 E F0(are restored to the v)2.5 E(alues the)-.25 E 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad prior to the function')-2.5 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15(xe) --2.65 G(cution.).15 E 1.359 -(Function names and de\214nitions may be listed with the)108 165.6 R F1 +-2.65 G(cution.).15 E 1.358 +(Function names and de\214nitions may be listed with the)108 194.4 R F1 <ad66>3.858 E F0 1.358(option to the)3.858 F F1(declar)3.858 E(e)-.18 E -F0(or)3.858 E F1(typeset)3.858 E F0 -.2(bu)3.858 G 1.358(iltin com-).2 F -3.39(mands. The)108 177.6 R F1<ad46>3.39 E F0 .89(option to)3.39 F F1 +F0(or)3.859 E F1(typeset)3.859 E F0 -.2(bu)3.859 G 1.359(iltin com-).2 F +3.39(mands. The)108 206.4 R F1<ad46>3.39 E F0 .89(option to)3.39 F F1 (declar)3.39 E(e)-.18 E F0(or)3.39 E F1(typeset)3.39 E F0 .89 (will list the function names only \(and optionally the source)3.39 F -.327(\214le and line number)108 189.6 R 2.827(,i)-.4 G 2.827(ft)-2.827 G -(he)-2.827 E F1(extdeb)2.827 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .326 -(shell option is enabled\).)2.827 F .326(Functions may be e)5.326 F .326 -(xported so that subshells)-.15 F 1.297(automatically ha)108 201.6 R -1.597 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.297(hem de\214ned with the).15 F F1<ad66>3.797 E -F0 1.297(option to the)3.797 F F1(export)3.798 E F0 -.2(bu)3.798 G 3.798 -(iltin. A).2 F 1.298(function de\214nition may be)3.798 F .161 -(deleted using the)108 213.6 R F1<ad66>2.661 E F0 .161(option to the) -2.661 F F1(unset)2.661 E F0 -.2(bu)2.661 G 2.661(iltin. Note).2 F .16 -(that shell functions and v)2.661 F .16(ariables with the same name)-.25 -F 1.325(may result in multiple identically-named entries in the en)108 -225.6 R 1.325(vironment passed to the shell')-.4 F 3.825(sc)-.55 G 3.825 -(hildren. Care)-3.825 F(should be tak)108 237.6 Q -(en in cases where this may cause a problem.)-.1 E .372 -(Functions may be recursi)108 254.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.371(.T).15 G(he) +.326(\214le and line number)108 218.4 R 2.826(,i)-.4 G 2.826(ft)-2.826 G +(he)-2.826 E F1(extdeb)2.826 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .326 +(shell option is enabled\).)2.826 F .327(Functions may be e)5.327 F .327 +(xported so that subshells)-.15 F 1.298(automatically ha)108 230.4 R +1.598 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.298(hem de\214ned with the).15 F F1<ad66>3.798 E +F0 1.298(option to the)3.798 F F1(export)3.797 E F0 -.2(bu)3.797 G 3.797 +(iltin. A).2 F 1.297(function de\214nition may be)3.797 F .16 +(deleted using the)108 242.4 R F1<ad66>2.66 E F0 .16(option to the)2.66 +F F1(unset)2.66 E F0 -.2(bu)2.66 G 2.661(iltin. Note).2 F .161 +(that shell functions and v)2.661 F .161(ariables with the same name) +-.25 F 1.325(may result in multiple identically-named entries in the en) +108 254.4 R 1.325(vironment passed to the shell')-.4 F 3.825(sc)-.55 G +3.825(hildren. Care)-3.825 F(should be tak)108 266.4 Q +(en in cases where this may cause a problem.)-.1 E .371 +(Functions may be recursi)108 283.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.371(.T).15 G(he) -5.371 E F1(FUNCNEST)2.871 E F0 -.25(va)2.871 G .371 (riable may be used to limit the depth of the function call).25 F 1.141 -(stack and restrict the number of function in)108 266.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G +(stack and restrict the number of function in)108 295.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G 3.641(cations. By).2 F(def)3.641 E 1.141 -(ault, no limit is imposed on the number of)-.1 F(recursi)108 278.4 Q .3 +(ault, no limit is imposed on the number of)-.1 F(recursi)108 307.2 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(alls.).15 E/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(ARITHMETIC EV)72 -295.2 Q(ALU)-1.478 E -1.04(AT)-.657 G(ION)1.04 E F0 2.298 -(The shell allo)108 307.2 R 2.297(ws arithmetic e)-.25 F 2.297 -(xpressions to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 2.297 -(luated, under certain circumstances \(see the).25 F F1(let)4.797 E F0 -(and)4.797 E F1(declar)108 319.2 Q(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.683 G .183 -(iltin commands, the).2 F F1(\(\()2.683 E F0 .183(compound command, and) -2.683 F F1 .183(Arithmetic Expansion)2.683 F F0 2.683(\). Ev)B .183 -(aluation is done in)-.25 F<8c78>108 331.2 Q 1.058(ed-width inte)-.15 F -1.057(gers with no check for o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r\215o).15 E 2.357 --.65(w, t)-.25 H 1.057(hough di).65 F 1.057 -(vision by 0 is trapped and \215agged as an error)-.25 F(.)-.55 E .828 -(The operators and their precedence, associati)108 343.2 R(vity)-.25 E +324 Q(ALU)-1.478 E -1.04(AT)-.657 G(ION)1.04 E F0 2.297(The shell allo) +108 336 R 2.297(ws arithmetic e)-.25 F 2.297(xpressions to be e)-.15 F +-.25(va)-.25 G 2.297(luated, under certain circumstances \(see the).25 F +F1(let)4.798 E F0(and)4.798 E F1(declar)108 348 Q(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu) +2.684 G .183(iltin commands, the).2 F F1(\(\()2.683 E F0 .183 +(compound command, and)2.683 F F1 .183(Arithmetic Expansion)2.683 F F0 +2.683(\). Ev)B .183(aluation is done in)-.25 F<8c78>108 360 Q 1.057 +(ed-width inte)-.15 F 1.057(gers with no check for o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 +G(r\215o).15 E 2.357 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 1.057(hough di).65 F 1.057 +(vision by 0 is trapped and \215agged as an error)-.25 F(.)-.55 E .829 +(The operators and their precedence, associati)108 372 R(vity)-.25 E 3.329(,a)-.65 G .829(nd v)-3.329 F .829 -(alues are the same as in the C language.)-.25 F .829(The fol-)5.829 F -(lo)108 355.2 Q .44(wing list of operators is grouped into le)-.25 F --.15(ve)-.25 G .439(ls of equal-precedence operators.).15 F .439(The le) -5.439 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .439(ls are listed in order).15 F -(of decreasing precedence.)108 367.2 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(id)108 -384 Q F1(++)A F3(id)2.5 E F1<adad>A F0 -.25(va)144 396 S -(riable post-increment and post-decrement).25 E F1(++)108 408 Q F3(id)A -F1<adad>2.5 E F3(id)A F0 -.25(va)144 420 S -(riable pre-increment and pre-decrement).25 E F1 2.5<ad2b>108 432 S F0 -(unary minus and plus)144 432 Q F1 2.5(!~)108 444 S F0 -(logical and bitwise ne)144 444 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(tion).05 E F1(**)108 -456 Q F0 -.15(ex)144 456 S(ponentiation).15 E F1 2.5(*/%)108 468 S F0 -(multiplication, di)144 468 Q(vision, remainder)-.25 E F1 2.5<2bad>108 -480 S F0(addition, subtraction)144 480 Q F1(<< >>)108 492 Q F0 -(left and right bitwise shifts)144 492 Q F1(<= >= < >)108 504 Q F0 -(comparison)144 516 Q F1(== !=)108 528 Q F0(equality and inequality)144 -528 Q F1(&)108 540 Q F0(bitwise AND)144 540 Q F1(^)108 552 Q F0 -(bitwise e)144 552 Q(xclusi)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve O)-.25 H(R).15 E F1(|)108 -564 Q F0(bitwise OR)144 564 Q F1(&&)108 576 Q F0(logical AND)144 576 Q -F1(||)108 588 Q F0(logical OR)144 588 Q F3 -.2(ex)108 600 S(pr).2 E F1 -(?)A F3 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F1(:)A F3 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F0 -(conditional operator)144 612 Q F1 2.5(=*)108 624 S 2.5(=/)-2.5 G 2.5 -(=%)-2.5 G 2.5(=+)-2.5 G 2.5<3dad>-2.5 G 2.5(=<)-2.5 G(<= >>= &= ^= |=) --2.5 E F0(assignment)144 636 Q F3 -.2(ex)108 648 S(pr1).2 E F1(,)2.5 E -F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(comma)144 660 Q .68(Shell v)108 676.8 R .68 -(ariables are allo)-.25 F .68(wed as operands; parameter e)-.25 F .68 +(alues are the same as in the C language.)-.25 F .828(The fol-)5.828 F +(lo)108 384 Q .439(wing list of operators is grouped into le)-.25 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G .439(ls of equal-precedence operators.).15 F .44(The le)5.44 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G .44(ls are listed in order).15 F +(of decreasing precedence.)108 396 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(id)108 +412.8 Q F1(++)A F3(id)2.5 E F1<adad>A F0 -.25(va)144 424.8 S +(riable post-increment and post-decrement).25 E F1(++)108 436.8 Q F3(id) +A F1<adad>2.5 E F3(id)A F0 -.25(va)144 448.8 S +(riable pre-increment and pre-decrement).25 E F1 2.5<ad2b>108 460.8 S F0 +(unary minus and plus)144 460.8 Q F1 2.5(!~)108 472.8 S F0 +(logical and bitwise ne)144 472.8 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(tion).05 E F1(**)108 +484.8 Q F0 -.15(ex)144 484.8 S(ponentiation).15 E F1 2.5(*/%)108 496.8 S +F0(multiplication, di)144 496.8 Q(vision, remainder)-.25 E F1 2.5<2bad> +108 508.8 S F0(addition, subtraction)144 508.8 Q F1(<< >>)108 520.8 Q F0 +(left and right bitwise shifts)144 520.8 Q F1(<= >= < >)108 532.8 Q F0 +(comparison)144 544.8 Q F1(== !=)108 556.8 Q F0(equality and inequality) +144 556.8 Q F1(&)108 568.8 Q F0(bitwise AND)144 568.8 Q F1(^)108 580.8 Q +F0(bitwise e)144 580.8 Q(xclusi)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve O)-.25 H(R).15 E F1(|) +108 592.8 Q F0(bitwise OR)144 592.8 Q F1(&&)108 604.8 Q F0(logical AND) +144 604.8 Q F1(||)108 616.8 Q F0(logical OR)144 616.8 Q F3 -.2(ex)108 +628.8 S(pr).2 E F1(?)A F3 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F1(:)A F3 -.2(ex)C(pr).2 E F0 +(conditional operator)144 640.8 Q F1 2.5(=*)108 652.8 S 2.5(=/)-2.5 G +2.5(=%)-2.5 G 2.5(=+)-2.5 G 2.5<3dad>-2.5 G 2.5(=<)-2.5 G +(<= >>= &= ^= |=)-2.5 E F0(assignment)144 664.8 Q F3 -.2(ex)108 676.8 S +(pr1).2 E F1(,)2.5 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(comma)144 688.8 Q .68 +(Shell v)108 705.6 R .68(ariables are allo)-.25 F .68 +(wed as operands; parameter e)-.25 F .68 (xpansion is performed before the e)-.15 F .68(xpression is e)-.15 F --.25(va)-.25 G(lu-).25 E 3.508(ated. W)108 688.8 R 1.008(ithin an e)-.4 -F 1.008(xpression, shell v)-.15 F 1.007 +-.25(va)-.25 G(lu-).25 E 3.507(ated. W)108 717.6 R 1.007(ithin an e)-.4 +F 1.007(xpression, shell v)-.15 F 1.007 (ariables may also be referenced by name without using the parameter) --.25 F -.15(ex)108 700.8 S 1.04(pansion syntax.).15 F 3.54(As)6.04 G -1.04(hell v)-3.54 F 1.04(ariable that is null or unset e)-.25 F -.25(va) --.25 G 1.041(luates to 0 when referenced by name without).25 F 1.467 -(using the parameter e)108 712.8 R 1.467(xpansion syntax.)-.15 F 1.467 -(The v)6.467 F 1.467(alue of a v)-.25 F 1.467(ariable is e)-.25 F -.25 -(va)-.25 G 1.466(luated as an arithmetic e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E 1.389 -(when it is referenced, or when a v)108 724.8 R 1.389 -(ariable which has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.89(nt).15 G(he)-3.89 -E F3(inte)3.89 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib)3.89 E 1.39(ute using)-.2 -F F1(declar)3.89 E 3.89(e-)-.18 G(i)-3.89 E F0(is)3.89 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 -768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(30)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +-.25 F -.15(ex)108 729.6 S 1.041(pansion syntax.).15 F 3.541(As)6.041 G +1.041(hell v)-3.541 F 1.041(ariable that is null or unset e)-.25 F -.25 +(va)-.25 G 1.04(luates to 0 when referenced by name without).25 F +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(30)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 31 31 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .333(assigned a v) -108 84 R 2.832(alue. A)-.25 F .332(null v)2.832 F .332(alue e)-.25 F --.25(va)-.25 G .332(luates to 0.).25 F 2.832(As)5.332 G .332(hell v) --2.832 F .332(ariable need not ha)-.25 F .632 -.15(ve i)-.2 H(ts).15 E -/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inte)2.832 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib) -2.832 E .332(ute turned on)-.2 F(to be used in an e)108 96 Q(xpression.) --.15 E 1.406 -(Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.)108 112.8 -R 3.906(Al)6.406 G 1.407(eading 0x or 0X denotes he)-3.906 F(xadecimal.) --.15 E .113(Otherwise, numbers tak)108 124.8 R 2.613(et)-.1 G .113 -(he form [)-2.613 F F1(base#)A F0 .112(]n, where the optional)B F1(base) -2.612 E F0 .112(is a decimal number between 2 and 64)2.612 F .533 -(representing the arithmetic base, and)108 136.8 R F1(n)3.033 E F0 .533 -(is a number in that base.)3.033 F(If)5.534 E F1(base#)3.034 E F0 .534 -(is omitted, then base 10 is used.)3.034 F .513(When specifying)108 -148.8 R F1(n)3.013 E F0 3.013(,t)C .513 -(he digits greater than 9 are represented by the lo)-3.013 F .512 -(wercase letters, the uppercase letters,)-.25 F .942 -(@, and _, in that order)108 160.8 R 5.942(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.942 E F1(base) -3.442 E F0 .942(is less than or equal to 36, lo)3.442 F .943 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.466 +(using the parameter e)108 84 R 1.466(xpansion syntax.)-.15 F 1.467 +(The v)6.466 F 1.467(alue of a v)-.25 F 1.467(ariable is e)-.25 F -.25 +(va)-.25 G 1.467(luated as an arithmetic e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E 1.39 +(when it is referenced, or when a v)108 96 R 1.389 +(ariable which has been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.889(nt).15 G(he) +-3.889 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inte)3.889 E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0 +(attrib)3.889 E 1.389(ute using)-.2 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(declar)3.889 +E 3.889(e-)-.18 G(i)-3.889 E F0(is)3.889 E .332(assigned a v)108 108 R +2.832(alue. A)-.25 F .332(null v)2.832 F .332(alue e)-.25 F -.25(va)-.25 +G .332(luates to 0.).25 F 2.832(As)5.332 G .332(hell v)-2.832 F .332 +(ariable need not ha)-.25 F .632 -.15(ve i)-.2 H(ts).15 E F1(inte)2.832 +E -.1(ge)-.4 G(r).1 E F0(attrib)2.832 E .333(ute turned on)-.2 F +(to be used in an e)108 120 Q(xpression.)-.15 E 1.406 +(Constants with a leading 0 are interpreted as octal numbers.)108 136.8 +R 3.906(Al)6.406 G 1.406(eading 0x or 0X denotes he)-3.906 F(xadecimal.) +-.15 E .112(Otherwise, numbers tak)108 148.8 R 2.612(et)-.1 G .112 +(he form [)-2.612 F F1(base#)A F0 .112(]n, where the optional)B F1(base) +2.612 E F0 .113(is a decimal number between 2 and 64)2.612 F .534 +(representing the arithmetic base, and)108 160.8 R F1(n)3.034 E F0 .534 +(is a number in that base.)3.034 F(If)5.533 E F1(base#)3.033 E F0 .533 +(is omitted, then base 10 is used.)3.033 F .512(When specifying)108 +172.8 R F1(n)3.012 E F0 3.012(,t)C .512 +(he digits greater than 9 are represented by the lo)-3.012 F .513 +(wercase letters, the uppercase letters,)-.25 F .943 +(@, and _, in that order)108 184.8 R 5.943(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.943 E F1(base) +3.443 E F0 .942(is less than or equal to 36, lo)3.443 F .942 (wercase and uppercase letters may be used)-.25 F -(interchangeably to represent numbers between 10 and 35.)108 172.8 Q -.235(Operators are e)108 189.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G .235 +(interchangeably to represent numbers between 10 and 35.)108 196.8 Q +.234(Operators are e)108 213.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G .234 (luated in order of precedence.).25 F(Sub-e)5.234 E .234 -(xpressions in parentheses are e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .234 -(luated \214rst and may).25 F -.15(ove)108 201.6 S -(rride the precedence rules abo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E/F2 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDITION)72 218.4 Q(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.219 E F0 .255 -(Conditional e)108 230.4 R .255(xpressions are used by the)-.15 F/F3 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF([[)2.755 E F0 .255(compound command and the)2.755 F F3 -(test)2.755 E F0(and)2.755 E F3([)2.756 E F0 -.2(bu)2.756 G .256 -(iltin commands to test).2 F .77(\214le attrib)108 242.4 R .77 +(xpressions in parentheses are e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .235 +(luated \214rst and may).25 F -.15(ove)108 225.6 S +(rride the precedence rules abo).15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E/F3 10.95 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDITION)72 242.4 Q(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.219 E F0 .256 +(Conditional e)108 254.4 R .256(xpressions are used by the)-.15 F F2([[) +2.755 E F0 .255(compound command and the)2.755 F F2(test)2.755 E F0(and) +2.755 E F2([)2.755 E F0 -.2(bu)2.755 G .255(iltin commands to test).2 F +.77(\214le attrib)108 266.4 R .77 (utes and perform string and arithmetic comparisons.)-.2 F .77 -(Expressions are formed from the follo)5.77 F(wing)-.25 E 1.04 -(unary or binary primaries.)108 254.4 R 1.04(If an)6.04 F(y)-.15 E F1 -(\214le)3.54 E F0(ar)3.54 E 1.041 -(gument to one of the primaries is of the form)-.18 F F1(/de)3.541 E -(v/fd/n)-.15 E F0 3.541(,t)C 1.041(hen \214le)-3.541 F(descriptor)108 -266.4 Q F1(n)3.789 E F0 1.289(is check)3.789 F 3.789(ed. If)-.1 F(the) -3.789 E F1(\214le)3.789 E F0(ar)3.789 E 1.289 +(Expressions are formed from the follo)5.77 F(wing)-.25 E 1.041 +(unary or binary primaries.)108 278.4 R 1.041(If an)6.041 F(y)-.15 E F1 +(\214le)3.541 E F0(ar)3.541 E 1.04 +(gument to one of the primaries is of the form)-.18 F F1(/de)3.54 E +(v/fd/n)-.15 E F0 3.54(,t)C 1.04(hen \214le)-3.54 F(descriptor)108 290.4 +Q F1(n)3.788 E F0 1.289(is check)3.788 F 3.789(ed. If)-.1 F(the)3.789 E +F1(\214le)3.789 E F0(ar)3.789 E 1.289 (gument to one of the primaries is one of)-.18 F F1(/de)3.789 E(v/stdin) --.15 E F0(,)A F1(/de)3.788 E(v/stdout)-.15 E F0 3.788(,o)C(r)-3.788 E F1 -(/de)108 278.4 Q(v/stderr)-.15 E F0 2.5<2c8c>C +-.15 E F0(,)A F1(/de)3.789 E(v/stdout)-.15 E F0 3.789(,o)C(r)-3.789 E F1 +(/de)108 302.4 Q(v/stderr)-.15 E F0 2.5<2c8c>C (le descriptor 0, 1, or 2, respecti)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 2.5 -(,i)-.65 G 2.5(sc)-2.5 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed.)-.1 E .721 +(,i)-.65 G 2.5(sc)-2.5 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed.)-.1 E .722 (Unless otherwise speci\214ed, primaries that operate on \214les follo) -108 295.2 R 3.221(ws)-.25 G .722(ymbolic links and operate on the tar) --3.221 F(get)-.18 E(of the link, rather than the link itself.)108 307.2 -Q 1.096(When used with)108 325.2 R F3([[)3.596 E F0 3.596(,t)C(he)-3.596 -E F3(<)3.596 E F0(and)3.595 E F3(>)3.595 E F0 1.095(operators sort le) -3.595 F 1.095(xicographically using the current locale.)-.15 F(The)6.095 -E F3(test)3.595 E F0(com-)3.595 E(mand sorts using ASCII ordering.)108 -337.2 Q F3<ad61>108 361.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 361.2 S -(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F3<ad62>108 -373.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 373.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 -E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a block special \214le.).15 E F3<ad63>108 -385.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 385.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 -E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a character special \214le.).15 E F3 -<ad64>108 397.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 397.2 S(ue if).35 E F1 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a directory).15 E(.)-.65 E F3 -<ad65>108 409.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 409.2 S(ue if).35 E F1 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F3<ad66>108 421.2 Q F1 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 421.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 -(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a re).15 E(gular \214le.)-.15 E F3<ad67>108 433.2 -Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 433.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 --.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is set-group-id.).15 E F3<ad68>108 445.2 Q F1 +108 319.2 R 3.221(ws)-.25 G .721(ymbolic links and operate on the tar) +-3.221 F(get)-.18 E(of the link, rather than the link itself.)108 331.2 +Q 1.095(When used with)108 349.2 R F2([[)3.595 E F0 3.595(,t)C(he)-3.595 +E F2(<)3.595 E F0(and)3.595 E F2(>)3.595 E F0 1.095(operators sort le) +3.595 F 1.095(xicographically using the current locale.)-.15 F(The)6.096 +E F2(test)3.596 E F0(com-)3.596 E(mand sorts using ASCII ordering.)108 +361.2 Q F2<ad61>108 385.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 385.2 S +(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F2<ad62>108 +397.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 397.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 +E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a block special \214le.).15 E F2<ad63>108 +409.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 409.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 +E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a character special \214le.).15 E F2 +<ad64>108 421.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 421.2 S(ue if).35 E F1 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a directory).15 E(.)-.65 E F2 +<ad65>108 433.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 433.2 S(ue if).35 E F1 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists.).15 E F2<ad66>108 445.2 Q F1 (\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 445.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 -(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a symbolic link.).15 E F3<ad6b>108 457.2 Q F1 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 457.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a re).15 E(gular \214le.)-.15 E F2<ad67>108 457.2 +Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 457.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 +-.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is set-group-id.).15 E F2<ad68>108 469.2 Q F1 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 469.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a symbolic link.).15 E F2<ad6b>108 481.2 Q F1 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 481.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 (ex)2.5 G(ists and its `).15 E(`stick)-.74 E(y')-.15 E 2.5('b)-.74 G -(it is set.)-2.5 E F3<ad70>108 469.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 -469.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and is a named pipe \(FIFO\).).15 E F3<ad72>108 481.2 Q F1(\214le) -2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 481.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 -G(ists and is readable.).15 E F3<ad73>108 493.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 --.35(Tr)144 493.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and has a size greater than zero.).15 E F3<ad74>108 505.2 Q F1(fd) -2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 505.2 S(ue if \214le descriptor).35 E F1(fd)4.47 E -F0(is open and refers to a terminal.)3.27 E F3<ad75>108 517.2 Q F1 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 517.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 -(ex)2.5 G(ists and its set-user).15 E(-id bit is set.)-.2 E F3<ad77>108 -529.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 529.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 -E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is writable.).15 E F3<ad78>108 541.2 Q F1 +(it is set.)-2.5 E F2<ad70>108 493.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 +493.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and is a named pipe \(FIFO\).).15 E F2<ad72>108 505.2 Q F1(\214le) +2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 505.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 +G(ists and is readable.).15 E F2<ad73>108 517.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 +-.35(Tr)144 517.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and has a size greater than zero.).15 E F2<ad74>108 529.2 Q F1(fd) +2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 529.2 S(ue if \214le descriptor).35 E F1(fd)4.47 E +F0(is open and refers to a terminal.)3.27 E F2<ad75>108 541.2 Q F1 (\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 541.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 -(ex)2.5 G(ists and is e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutable.).15 E F3<ad47>108 +(ex)2.5 G(ists and its set-user).15 E(-id bit is set.)-.2 E F2<ad77>108 553.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 553.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 +E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is writable.).15 E F2<ad78>108 565.2 Q F1 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 565.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +(ex)2.5 G(ists and is e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutable.).15 E F2<ad47>108 +577.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 577.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is o).15 E(wned by the ef)-.25 E(fecti)-.25 -E .3 -.15(ve g)-.25 H(roup id.).15 E F3<ad4c>108 565.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E -F0 -.35(Tr)144 565.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and is a symbolic link.).15 E F3<ad4e>108 577.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E -F0 -.35(Tr)144 577.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G -(ists and has been modi\214ed since it w).15 E(as last read.)-.1 E F3 -<ad4f>108 589.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 589.2 S(ue if).35 E F1 +E .3 -.15(ve g)-.25 H(roup id.).15 E F2<ad4c>108 589.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E +F0 -.35(Tr)144 589.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and is a symbolic link.).15 E F2<ad4e>108 601.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E +F0 -.35(Tr)144 601.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G +(ists and has been modi\214ed since it w).15 E(as last read.)-.1 E F2 +<ad4f>108 613.2 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 613.2 S(ue if).35 E F1 (\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and is o).15 E(wned by the ef)-.25 E -(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.25 H(ser id.).15 E F3<ad53>108 601.2 Q F1 -(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 601.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 -(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a sock).15 E(et.)-.1 E F1(\214le1)108 613.2 Q F3 -(\255ef)2.5 E F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 625.2 S(ue if).35 E F1 +(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.25 H(ser id.).15 E F2<ad53>108 625.2 Q F1 +(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 625.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 -.15 +(ex)2.5 G(ists and is a sock).15 E(et.)-.1 E F1(\214le1)108 637.2 Q F2 +(\255ef)2.5 E F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 649.2 S(ue if).35 E F1 (\214le1)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0(refer to the same de)2.5 -E(vice and inode numbers.)-.25 E F1(\214le1)108 637.2 Q F0<ad>2.5 E F3 -(nt)A F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 649.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le1)2.5 +E(vice and inode numbers.)-.25 E F1(\214le1)108 661.2 Q F0<ad>2.5 E F2 +(nt)A F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 673.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le1)2.5 E F0(is ne)2.5 E(wer \(according to modi\214cation date\) than)-.25 E F1 (\214le2)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri)-2.5 G(f)-2.5 E F1(\214le1)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G(ists and).15 E F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0(does not.)2.5 E F1 -(\214le1)108 661.2 Q F0<ad>2.5 E F3(ot)A F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 -673.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le1)2.5 E F0(is older than)2.5 E F1(\214le2) +(\214le1)108 685.2 Q F0<ad>2.5 E F2(ot)A F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 +697.2 S(ue if).35 E F1(\214le1)2.5 E F0(is older than)2.5 E F1(\214le2) 2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(ri)-2.5 G(f)-2.5 E F1(\214le2)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 -G(ists and).15 E F1(\214le1)2.5 E F0(does not.)2.5 E F3<ad6f>108 685.2 Q -F1(optname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 697.2 S .262(ue if the shell option).35 -F F1(optname)2.992 E F0 .262(is enabled.)2.942 F .262 -(See the list of options under the description of the)5.262 F F3<ad6f> -2.763 E F0(option to the)144 709.2 Q F3(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29) -148.175 E(31)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +G(ists and).15 E F1(\214le1)2.5 E F0(does not.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 +Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(31)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 32 32 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF<ad76>108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(varname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 96 -S(ue if the shell v).35 E(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)2.79 E F0 -(is set \(has been assigned a v)2.68 E(alue\).)-.25 E F1<ad52>108 108 Q -F2(varname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 120 S(ue if the shell v).35 E(ariable) --.25 E F2(varname)2.79 E F0(is set and is a name reference.)2.68 E F1 -<ad7a>108 132 Q F2(string)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 144 S +SF<ad6f>108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(optname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 96 +S .263(ue if the shell option).35 F F2(optname)2.992 E F0 .262 +(is enabled.)2.942 F .262 +(See the list of options under the description of the)5.262 F F1<ad6f> +2.762 E F0(option to the)144 108 Q F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltin belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F1<ad76>108 120 Q F2(varname)2.5 E F0 +-.35(Tr)144 132 S(ue if the shell v).35 E(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)2.79 +E F0(is set \(has been assigned a v)2.68 E(alue\).)-.25 E F1<ad52>108 +144 Q F2(varname)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 156 S(ue if the shell v).35 E +(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)2.79 E F0(is set and is a name reference.) +2.68 E F1<ad7a>108 168 Q F2(string)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 180 S (ue if the length of).35 E F2(string)2.5 E F0(is zero.)2.5 E F2(string) -108 156 Q F1<ad6e>108 168 Q F2(string)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 180 S +108 192 Q F1<ad6e>108 204 Q F2(string)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 216 S (ue if the length of).35 E F2(string)2.84 E F0(is non-zero.)2.72 E F2 -(string1)108 196.8 Q F1(==)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E(string1)108 208.8 Q F1 -(=)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 220.8 S .862 +(string1)108 232.8 Q F1(==)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E(string1)108 244.8 Q F1 +(=)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 256.8 S .861 (ue if the strings are equal.).35 F F1(=)5.861 E F0 .861 -(should be used with the)3.361 F F1(test)3.361 E F0 .861 -(command for POSIX conformance.)3.361 F .446(When used with the)144 -232.8 R F1([[)2.946 E F0 .446 -(command, this performs pattern matching as described abo)2.946 F .747 --.15(ve \()-.15 H F1(Compound).15 E(Commands)144 244.8 Q F0(\).)A F2 -(string1)108 261.6 Q F1(!=)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 273.6 S -(ue if the strings are not equal.).35 E F2(string1)108 290.4 Q F1(<)2.5 -E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 302.4 S(ue if).35 E F2(string1)2.5 E +(should be used with the)3.361 F F1(test)3.361 E F0 .862 +(command for POSIX conformance.)3.362 F .447(When used with the)144 +268.8 R F1([[)2.946 E F0 .446 +(command, this performs pattern matching as described abo)2.946 F .746 +-.15(ve \()-.15 H F1(Compound).15 E(Commands)144 280.8 Q F0(\).)A F2 +(string1)108 297.6 Q F1(!=)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 309.6 S +(ue if the strings are not equal.).35 E F2(string1)108 326.4 Q F1(<)2.5 +E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 338.4 S(ue if).35 E F2(string1)2.5 E F0(sorts before)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 -E(.)-.65 E F2(string1)108 319.2 Q F1(>)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35 -(Tr)144 331.2 S(ue if).35 E F2(string1)2.5 E F0(sorts after)2.5 E F2 +E(.)-.65 E F2(string1)108 355.2 Q F1(>)2.5 E F2(string2)2.5 E F0 -.35 +(Tr)144 367.2 S(ue if).35 E F2(string1)2.5 E F0(sorts after)2.5 E F2 (string2)2.5 E F0(le)2.5 E(xicographically)-.15 E(.)-.65 E F2(ar)108.33 -348 Q(g1)-.37 E F1(OP)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(g2)-.37 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(OP)144 360 Q F0 .385(is one of)2.635 F F1(\255eq)2.885 E F0(,)A F1 +384 Q(g1)-.37 E F1(OP)2.5 E F2(ar)2.5 E(g2)-.37 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +(OP)144 396 Q F0 .385(is one of)2.634 F F1(\255eq)2.885 E F0(,)A F1 (\255ne)2.885 E F0(,)A F1(\255lt)2.885 E F0(,)A F1(\255le)2.885 E F0(,)A F1(\255gt)2.885 E F0 2.885(,o)C(r)-2.885 E F1(\255ge)2.885 E F0 5.385 (.T)C 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simple command is e)108 448.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .614 +(cuted, the shell performs the follo).15 F .614(wing e)-.25 F .614 (xpansions, assignments, and redi-)-.15 F(rections, from left to right.) -108 424.8 Q(1.)108 441.6 Q 1.848(The w)144 441.6 R 1.848 -(ords that the parser has mark)-.1 F 1.848(ed as v)-.1 F 1.849 +108 460.8 Q(1.)108 477.6 Q 1.849(The w)144 477.6 R 1.849 +(ords that the parser has mark)-.1 F 1.848(ed as v)-.1 F 1.848 (ariable assignments \(those preceding the command)-.25 F -(name\) and redirections are sa)144 453.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(df).15 G -(or later processing.)-2.5 E(2.)108 470.4 Q 1.164(The w)144 470.4 R -1.164(ords that are not v)-.1 F 1.164 -(ariable assignments or redirections are e)-.25 F 3.663(xpanded. 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Otherwise,)-.4 F(the)2.832 E -.25(va)108 580.8 S .757 +2.833(vironment. Otherwise,)-.4 F(the)2.833 E -.25(va)108 616.8 S .757 (riables are added to the en).25 F .757(vironment of the e)-.4 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .757(cuted command and do not af).15 F .757 -(fect the current shell en)-.25 F(vi-)-.4 E 3.177(ronment. If)108 592.8 -R(an)3.177 E 3.177(yo)-.15 G 3.177(ft)-3.177 G .677 -(he assignments attempts to assign a v)-3.177 F .677 -(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .676(ariable, an error occurs, and)-.25 F -(the command e)108 604.8 Q(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 E .149 -(If no command name results, redirections are performed, b)108 621.6 R -.149(ut do not af)-.2 F .15(fect the current shell en)-.25 F 2.65 -(vironment. A)-.4 F(redirection error causes the command to e)108 633.6 +(fect the current shell en)-.25 F(vi-)-.4 E 3.176(ronment. If)108 628.8 +R(an)3.176 E 3.176(yo)-.15 G 3.176(ft)-3.176 G .677 +(he assignments attempts to assign a v)-3.176 F .677 +(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .677(ariable, an error occurs, and)-.25 F +(the command e)108 640.8 Q(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 E .15 +(If no command name results, redirections are performed, b)108 657.6 R +.149(ut do not af)-.2 F .149(fect the current shell en)-.25 F 2.649 +(vironment. A)-.4 F(redirection error causes the command to e)108 669.6 Q(xit with a non-zero status.)-.15 E 1.064 -(If there is a command name left after e)108 650.4 R 1.064(xpansion, e) +(If there is a command name left after e)108 686.4 R 1.064(xpansion, e) -.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.064(cution proceeds as described belo).15 F -4.864 -.65(w. O)-.25 H 1.064(therwise, the).65 F .068(command e)108 -662.4 R 2.568(xits. If)-.15 F .069(one of the e)2.568 F .069 -(xpansions contained a command substitution, the e)-.15 F .069 -(xit status of the command)-.15 F .467(is the e)108 674.4 R .466 -(xit status of the last command substitution performed.)-.15 F .466 -(If there were no command substitutions, the)5.466 F(command e)108 686.4 -Q(xits with a status of zero.)-.15 E F4(COMMAND EXECUTION)72 703.2 Q F0 -.546(After a command has been split into w)108 715.2 R .547 -(ords, if it results in a simple command and an optional list of ar)-.1 -F(gu-)-.18 E(ments, the follo)108 727.2 Q(wing actions are tak)-.25 E -(en.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(32)197.335 E 0 Cg -EP +4.864 -.65(w. O)-.25 H 1.064(therwise, the).65 F .069(command e)108 +698.4 R 2.569(xits. If)-.15 F .069(one of the e)2.569 F .069 +(xpansions contained a command substitution, the e)-.15 F .068 +(xit status of the command)-.15 F .466(is the e)108 710.4 R .466 +(xit status of the last command substitution performed.)-.15 F .467 +(If there were no command substitutions, the)5.466 F(command e)108 722.4 +Q(xits with a status of zero.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29) +148.175 E(32)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 33 33 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .379(If the comma\ -nd name contains no slashes, the shell attempts to locate it.)108 84 R -.379(If there e)5.379 F .379(xists a shell function by)-.15 F .246 -(that name, that function is in)108 96 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.746 -(da).1 G 2.746(sd)-2.746 G .246(escribed abo)-2.746 F .546 -.15(ve i) --.15 H(n).15 E/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)2.746 E/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 -SF(.)A F0 .246(If the name does not match a func-)4.746 F -(tion, the shell searches for it in the list of shell b)108 108 Q 2.5 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10.95 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMMAND EXECUTION)72 84 Q F0 .547 +(After a command has been split into w)108 96 R .546 +(ords, if it results in a simple command and an optional list of ar)-.1 +F(gu-)-.18 E(ments, the follo)108 108 Q(wing actions are tak)-.25 E(en.) +-.1 E .379(If the command name contains no slashes, the shell attempts \ +to locate it.)108 124.8 R .379(If there e)5.379 F .379 +(xists a shell function by)-.15 F .246(that name, that function is in) +108 136.8 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.746(da).1 G 2.746(sd)-2.746 G +.246(escribed abo)-2.746 F .546 -.15(ve i)-.15 H(n).15 E/F2 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(FUNCTIONS)2.746 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .246 +(If the name does not match a func-)4.746 F +(tion, the shell searches for it in the list of shell b)108 148.8 Q 2.5 (uiltins. 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Unless)-.25 F -.133(otherwise noted, the v)2.634 F .133(alues are inherited from)-.25 F -(the shell.)108 640.8 Q<83>108 657.6 Q 1.055(the shell')144 657.6 R -3.555(so)-.55 G 1.055(pen \214les, plus an)-3.555 F 3.556(ym)-.15 G +.134(otherwise noted, the v)2.634 F .134(alues are inherited from)-.25 F +(the shell.)108 681.6 Q<83>108 698.4 Q 1.056(the shell')144 698.4 R +3.556(so)-.55 G 1.056(pen \214les, plus an)-3.556 F 3.556(ym)-.15 G 1.056 (odi\214cations and additions speci\214ed by redirections to the com-) --3.556 F(mand)144 669.6 Q<83>108 686.4 Q(the current w)144 686.4 Q -(orking directory)-.1 E<83>108 703.2 Q(the \214le creation mode mask)144 -703.2 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(33)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +-3.556 F(mand)144 710.4 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E +(33)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 34 34 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E<83>108 84 Q .857 -(shell v)144 84 R .857(ariables and functions mark)-.25 F .857(ed for e) --.1 F .857(xport, along with v)-.15 F .857(ariables e)-.25 F .857 -(xported for the command,)-.15 F(passed in the en)144 96 Q(vironment)-.4 -E<83>108 112.8 Q .306(traps caught by the shell are reset to the v)144 -112.8 R .307(alues inherited from the shell')-.25 F 2.807(sp)-.55 G .307 -(arent, and traps ignored)-2.807 F(by the shell are ignored)144 124.8 Q -2.5(Ac)108 141.6 S(ommand in)-2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(di).1 G -2.5(nt)-2.5 G(his separate en)-2.5 E(vironment cannot af)-.4 E +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E<83>108 84 Q +(the current w)144 84 Q(orking directory)-.1 E<83>108 100.8 Q +(the \214le creation mode mask)144 100.8 Q<83>108 117.6 Q .856(shell v) +144 117.6 R .857(ariables and functions mark)-.25 F .857(ed for e)-.1 F +.857(xport, along with v)-.15 F .857(ariables e)-.25 F .857 +(xported for the command,)-.15 F(passed in the en)144 129.6 Q(vironment) +-.4 E<83>108 146.4 Q .307(traps caught by the shell are reset to the v) +144 146.4 R .306(alues inherited from the shell')-.25 F 2.806(sp)-.55 G +.306(arent, and traps ignored)-2.806 F(by the shell are ignored)144 +158.4 Q 2.5(Ac)108 175.2 S(ommand in)-2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5 +(di).1 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(his separate en)-2.5 E(vironment cannot af)-.4 E (fect the shell')-.25 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15(xe)-2.65 G(cution en).15 E (vironment.)-.4 E .577(Command substitution, commands grouped with pare\ -ntheses, and asynchronous commands are in)108 158.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 -(ke).2 G 3.077(di).1 G(n)-3.077 E 2.744(as)108 170.4 S .244(ubshell en) --2.744 F .244(vironment that is a duplicate of the shell en)-.4 F .245 -(vironment, e)-.4 F .245(xcept that traps caught by the shell are)-.15 F -.359(reset to the v)108 182.4 R .358 +ntheses, and asynchronous commands are in)108 192 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke) +.2 G 3.078(di).1 G(n)-3.078 E 2.745(as)108 204 S .245(ubshell en)-2.745 +F .245(vironment that is a duplicate of the shell en)-.4 F .244 +(vironment, e)-.4 F .244(xcept that traps caught by the shell are)-.15 F +.358(reset to the v)108 216 R .358 (alues that the shell inherited from its parent at in)-.25 F -.2(vo)-.4 -G 2.858(cation. 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Changes)-.4 F .856(made to the subshell en)3.356 F(viron-) +-.4 E(ment cannot af)108 240 Q(fect the shell')-.25 E 2.5(se)-.55 G -.15 +(xe)-2.65 G(cution en).15 E(vironment.)-.4 E 1.376(Subshells spa)108 +256.8 R 1.376(wned to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.377 (cute command substitutions inherit the v).15 F 1.377(alue of the)-.25 F -/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad65>3.876 E F0 1.376(option from the parent) -3.876 F 2.5(shell. When)108 235.2 R(not in)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad65>3.877 E F0 1.377(option from the parent) +3.877 F 2.5(shell. When)108 268.8 R(not in)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF (posix)2.5 E F0(mode,)2.5 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(clears the)2.5 E F1<ad65> -2.5 E F0(option in such subshells.)2.5 E .404(If a command is follo)108 -252 R .404(wed by a)-.25 F F1(&)2.904 E F0 .405 -(and job control is not acti)2.904 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.905(,t).15 G .405 -(he def)-2.905 F .405(ault standard input for the command)-.1 F .198 -(is the empty \214le)108 264 R F2(/de)2.698 E(v/null)-.15 E F0 5.198(.O) -C .198(therwise, the in)-5.198 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.698(dc).1 G -.197(ommand inherits the \214le descriptors of the calling shell)-2.698 -F(as modi\214ed by redirections.)108 276 Q/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -(ENVIR)72 292.8 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 2.353(When a program is in)108 304.8 -R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.853(di).1 G 4.853(ti)-4.853 G 4.853(sg) --4.853 G -2.15 -.25(iv e)-4.853 H 4.853(na).25 G 4.853(na)-4.853 G 2.353 -(rray of strings called the)-4.853 F F2(en)4.853 E(vir)-.4 E(onment)-.45 -E F0 7.353(.T).68 G 2.354(his is a list of)-7.353 F F2(name)108 316.8 Q -F0<ad>A F2(value)A F0(pairs, of the form)2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(=)A F2 -(value)A F0(.).18 E 1.486(The shell pro)108 333.6 R 1.486(vides se)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.486(ral w).15 F 1.485(ays to manipulate the en)-.1 F -3.985(vironment. On)-.4 F(in)3.985 E -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.485 -(cation, the shell scans its o).2 F(wn)-.25 E(en)108 345.6 Q .144(viron\ +2.5 E F0(option in such subshells.)2.5 E .405(If a command is follo)108 +285.6 R .405(wed by a)-.25 F F1(&)2.905 E F0 .404 +(and job control is not acti)2.905 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.904(,t).15 G .404 +(he def)-2.904 F .404(ault standard input for the command)-.1 F .197 +(is the empty \214le)108 297.6 R F2(/de)2.697 E(v/null)-.15 E F0 5.197 +(.O)C .197(therwise, the in)-5.197 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.697(dc) +.1 G .198(ommand inherits the \214le descriptors of the calling shell) +-2.697 F(as modi\214ed by redirections.)108 309.6 Q/F3 10.95 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(ENVIR)72 326.4 Q(ONMENT)-.329 E F0 2.354 +(When a program is in)108 338.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 4.853(di).1 G +4.853(ti)-4.853 G 4.853(sg)-4.853 G -2.15 -.25(iv e)-4.853 H 4.853(na) +.25 G 4.853(na)-4.853 G 2.353(rray of strings called the)-4.853 F F2(en) +4.853 E(vir)-.4 E(onment)-.45 E F0 7.353(.T).68 G 2.353 +(his is a list of)-7.353 F F2(name)108 350.4 Q F0<ad>A F2(value)A F0 +(pairs, of the form)2.5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(=)A F2(value)A F0(.).18 E +1.485(The shell pro)108 367.2 R 1.485(vides se)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +1.485(ral w).15 F 1.485(ays to manipulate the en)-.1 F 3.985 +(vironment. On)-.4 F(in)3.985 E -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.486 +(cation, the shell scans its o).2 F(wn)-.25 E(en)108 379.2 Q .144(viron\ ment and creates a parameter for each name found, automatically marking\ - it for)-.4 F F2 -.2(ex)2.644 G(port).2 E F0 .144(to child pro-)3.324 F -2.704(cesses. Ex)108 357.6 R .203(ecuted commands inherit the en)-.15 F + it for)-.4 F F2 -.2(ex)2.643 G(port).2 E F0 .143(to child pro-)3.323 F +2.703(cesses. Ex)108 391.2 R .203(ecuted commands inherit the en)-.15 F 2.703(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(export)2.703 E F0(and)2.703 E F1(declar) -2.703 E 2.703<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.703 E F0 .203(commands allo)2.703 F 2.703 -(wp)-.25 G(aram-)-2.703 E 1.153 -(eters and functions to be added to and deleted from the en)108 369.6 R -3.653(vironment. If)-.4 F 1.153(the v)3.653 F 1.154 -(alue of a parameter in the)-.25 F(en)108 381.6 Q .64 +2.703 E 2.703<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.703 E F0 .203(commands allo)2.703 F 2.704 +(wp)-.25 G(aram-)-2.704 E 1.153 +(eters and functions to be added to and deleted from the en)108 403.2 R +3.653(vironment. If)-.4 F 1.153(the v)3.653 F 1.153 +(alue of a parameter in the)-.25 F(en)108 415.2 Q .64 (vironment is modi\214ed, the ne)-.4 F 3.14(wv)-.25 G .64 (alue becomes part of the en)-3.39 F .64(vironment, replacing the old.) --.4 F .64(The en)5.64 F(viron-)-.4 E .58(ment inherited by an)108 393.6 +-.4 F .64(The en)5.64 F(viron-)-.4 E .58(ment inherited by an)108 427.2 R 3.08(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.23 G .58 (cuted command consists of the shell').15 F 3.08(si)-.55 G .58 (nitial en)-3.08 F .58(vironment, whose v)-.4 F .58(alues may be)-.25 F -.301(modi\214ed in the shell, less an)108 405.6 R 2.801(yp)-.15 G .301 -(airs remo)-2.801 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.801(db).15 G 2.801(yt)-2.801 G(he) --2.801 E F1(unset)2.801 E F0 .3(command, plus an)2.8 F 2.8(ya)-.15 G .3 -(dditions via the)-2.8 F F1(export)2.8 E F0(and)2.8 E F1(declar)108 -417.6 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E .562(The en)108 -434.4 R .562(vironment for an)-.4 F(y)-.15 E F2 .562(simple command) -3.402 F F0 .563 +.3(modi\214ed in the shell, less an)108 439.2 R 2.8(yp)-.15 G .3 +(airs remo)-2.8 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(db).15 G 2.801(yt)-2.8 G(he)-2.801 +E F1(unset)2.801 E F0 .301(command, plus an)2.801 F 2.801(ya)-.15 G .301 +(dditions via the)-2.801 F F1(export)2.801 E F0(and)2.801 E F1(declar) +108 451.2 Q 2.5<65ad>-.18 G(x)-2.5 E F0(commands.)2.5 E .563(The en)108 +468 R .563(vironment for an)-.4 F(y)-.15 E F2 .563(simple command)3.403 +F F0 .562 (or function may be augmented temporarily by pre\214xing it with)3.833 F -.203(parameter assignments, as described abo)108 446.4 R .502 -.15(ve i) +.202(parameter assignments, as described abo)108 480 R .502 -.15(ve i) -.15 H(n).15 E/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.702 G(RAMETERS).666 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .202(These assignment statements af)4.702 F -.202(fect only the)-.25 F(en)108 458.4 Q -(vironment seen by that command.)-.4 E .81(If the)108 475.2 R F1<ad6b> -3.31 E F0 .81(option is set \(see the)3.31 F F1(set)3.31 E F0 -.2(bu) -3.31 G .81(iltin command belo).2 F .81(w\), then)-.25 F F2(all)3.64 E F0 -.81(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en)108 487.2 Q +.203(fect only the)-.25 F(en)108 492 Q(vironment seen by that command.) +-.4 E .81(If the)108 508.8 R F1<ad6b>3.31 E F0 .81 +(option is set \(see the)3.31 F F1(set)3.31 E F0 -.2(bu)3.31 G .81 +(iltin command belo).2 F .81(w\), then)-.25 F F2(all)3.64 E F0 .81 +(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en)108 520.8 Q (vironment for a command, not just those that precede the command name.) --.4 E(When)108 504 Q F1(bash)3.586 E F0(in)3.586 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke) -.2 G 3.586(sa).1 G 3.586(ne)-3.586 G 1.086(xternal command, the v)-3.736 -F(ariable)-.25 E F1(_)3.586 E F0 1.085 +-.4 E(When)108 537.6 Q F1(bash)3.585 E F0(in)3.585 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1 +(ke).2 G 3.585(sa).1 G 3.585(ne)-3.585 G 1.085(xternal command, the v) +-3.735 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(_)3.585 E F0 1.086 (is set to the full \214lename of the command and)3.586 F -(passed to that command in its en)108 516 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F3(EXIT ST) -72 532.8 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .15(The e)108 544.8 R .15 -(xit status of an e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .15(cuted command is the v).15 -F .151(alue returned by the)-.25 F F2(waitpid)2.651 E F0 .151 -(system call or equi)2.651 F -.25(va)-.25 G .151(lent func-).25 F 2.848 -(tion. Exit)108 556.8 R .348(statuses f)2.848 F .347 -(all between 0 and 255, though, as e)-.1 F .347(xplained belo)-.15 F -1.647 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .347(he shell may use v).65 F .347(alues abo)-.25 -F .647 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 568.8 Q 5.506(.E)-.65 G -.506(xit statuses from shell b)-5.506 F .507 +(passed to that command in its en)108 549.6 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F3 +(EXIT ST)72 566.4 Q -1.04(AT)-.986 G(US)1.04 E F0 .151(The e)108 578.4 R +.151(xit status of an e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .151 +(cuted command is the v).15 F .15(alue returned by the)-.25 F F2 +(waitpid)2.65 E F0 .15(system call or equi)2.65 F -.25(va)-.25 G .15 +(lent func-).25 F 2.847(tion. Exit)108 590.4 R .347(statuses f)2.847 F +.347(all between 0 and 255, though, as e)-.1 F .347(xplained belo)-.15 F +1.647 -.65(w, t)-.25 H .347(he shell may use v).65 F .348(alues abo)-.25 +F .648 -.15(ve 1)-.15 H(25).15 E(specially)108 602.4 Q 5.507(.E)-.65 G +.507(xit statuses from shell b)-5.507 F .507 (uiltins and compound commands are also limited to this range.)-.2 F -(Under)5.507 E(certain circumstances, the shell will use special v)108 -580.8 Q(alues to indicate speci\214c f)-.25 E(ailure modes.)-.1 E -.15 -(Fo)108 597.6 S 3.373(rt).15 G .873(he shell')-3.373 F 3.373(sp)-.55 G -.873(urposes, a command which e)-3.373 F .873(xits with a zero e)-.15 F -.873(xit status has succeeded.)-.15 F .872(An e)5.872 F .872 -(xit status of)-.15 F .048(zero indicates success.)108 609.6 R 2.548(An) -5.048 G .049(on-zero e)-2.548 F .049(xit status indicates f)-.15 F 2.549 -(ailure. When)-.1 F 2.549(ac)2.549 G .049(ommand terminates on a f) --2.549 F .049(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 621.6 Q F2(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(bash) +(Under)5.506 E(certain circumstances, the shell will use special v)108 +614.4 Q(alues to indicate speci\214c f)-.25 E(ailure modes.)-.1 E -.15 +(Fo)108 631.2 S 3.372(rt).15 G .872(he shell')-3.372 F 3.372(sp)-.55 G +.873(urposes, a command which e)-3.372 F .873(xits with a zero e)-.15 F +.873(xit status has succeeded.)-.15 F .873(An e)5.873 F .873 +(xit status of)-.15 F .049(zero indicates success.)108 643.2 R 2.549(An) +5.049 G .049(on-zero e)-2.549 F .049(xit status indicates f)-.15 F 2.549 +(ailure. When)-.1 F 2.549(ac)2.549 G .048(ommand terminates on a f) +-2.549 F .048(atal sig-)-.1 F(nal)108 655.2 Q F2(N)2.5 E F0(,)A F1(bash) 2.5 E F0(uses the v)2.5 E(alue of 128+)-.25 E F2(N)A F0(as the e)2.5 E -(xit status.)-.15 E .405 -(If a command is not found, the child process created to e)108 638.4 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .404(cute it returns a status of 127.).15 F .404 -(If a command is)5.404 F(found b)108 650.4 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe) --.15 G(cutable, the return status is 126.).15 E(If a command f)108 667.2 +(xit status.)-.15 E .404 +(If a command is not found, the child process created to e)108 672 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .404(cute it returns a status of 127.).15 F .405 +(If a command is)5.405 F(found b)108 684 Q(ut is not e)-.2 E -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cutable, the return status is 126.).15 E(If a command f)108 700.8 Q(ails because of an error during e)-.1 E (xpansion or redirection, the e)-.15 E(xit status is greater than zero.) --.15 E .08(Shell b)108 684 R .08 +-.15 E .081(Shell b)108 717.6 R .081 (uiltin commands return a status of 0 \()-.2 F F2(true)A F0 2.581(\)i)C -2.581(fs)-2.581 G .081(uccessful, and non-zero \()-2.581 F F2(false)A F0 -2.581(\)i)C 2.581(fa)-2.581 G 2.581(ne)-2.581 G .081(rror occurs while) --2.581 F(the)108 696 Q 2.968(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.118 G 2.968(cute. All) -.15 F -.2(bu)2.968 G .468(iltins return an e).2 F .468 +2.581(fs)-2.581 G .08(uccessful, and non-zero \()-2.581 F F2(false)A F0 +2.58(\)i)C 2.58(fa)-2.58 G 2.58(ne)-2.58 G .08(rror occurs while)-2.58 F +(the)108 729.6 Q 2.967(ye)-.15 G -.15(xe)-3.117 G 2.967(cute. All).15 F +-.2(bu)2.967 G .467(iltins return an e).2 F .468 (xit status of 2 to indicate incorrect usage, generally in)-.15 F -.25 -(va)-.4 G .467(lid options or).25 F(missing ar)108 708 Q(guments.)-.18 E -F1(Bash)108 724.8 Q F0 .201(itself returns the e)2.701 F .202 -(xit status of the last command e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .202 -(cuted, unless a syntax error occurs, in which case).15 F(GNU Bash 4.4) -72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(34)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(va)-.4 G .468(lid options or).25 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29) +148.175 E(34)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 35 35 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(it e)108 84 Q -(xits with a non-zero v)-.15 E 2.5(alue. See)-.25 F(also the)2.5 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(exit)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command belo).2 E -.65 -(w.)-.25 G/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGN)72 100.8 Q(ALS)-.219 E F0(When) -108 112.8 Q F1(bash)3.183 E F0 .683(is interacti)3.183 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.183(,i).15 G 3.183(nt)-3.183 G .683(he absence of an)-3.183 F 3.183 -(yt)-.15 G .683(raps, it ignores)-3.183 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGTERM) -3.183 E F0 .682(\(so that)2.933 F F1 .682(kill 0)3.182 F F0 .682 -(does not kill an)3.182 F(interacti)108 124.8 Q .757 -.15(ve s)-.25 H -.457(hell\), and).15 F F3(SIGINT)2.957 E F0 .458 -(is caught and handled \(so that the)2.707 F F1(wait)2.958 E F0 -.2(bu) -2.958 G .458(iltin is interruptible\).).2 F .458(In all cases,)5.458 F -F1(bash)108 136.8 Q F0(ignores)2.5 E F3(SIGQ)2.5 E(UIT)-.09 E/F4 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If job control is in ef)4.5 E(fect,)-.25 E F1 -(bash)2.5 E F0(ignores)2.5 E F3(SIGTTIN)2.5 E F4(,)A F3(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU) --.162 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F3(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F4(.)A F0(Non-b)108 153.6 -Q 1.065(uiltin commands run by)-.2 F F1(bash)3.565 E F0(ha)3.565 E 1.365 --.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.065(ignal handlers set to the v).15 F 1.064 -(alues inherited by the shell from its)-.25 F 3.247(parent. 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See)-.25 F(also the)2.5 E F1 +(exit)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command belo).2 E -.65(w.)-.25 G/F2 +10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGN)72 129.6 Q(ALS)-.219 E F0(When)108 141.6 Q F1 +(bash)3.182 E F0 .682(is interacti)3.182 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.182(,i).15 G +3.182(nt)-3.182 G .682(he absence of an)-3.182 F 3.183(yt)-.15 G .683 +(raps, it ignores)-3.183 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGTERM)3.183 E F0 .683 +(\(so that)2.933 F F1 .683(kill 0)3.183 F F0 .683(does not kill an)3.183 +F(interacti)108 153.6 Q .758 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .458(hell\), and).15 F F3 +(SIGINT)2.958 E F0 .458(is caught and handled \(so that the)2.708 F F1 +(wait)2.958 E F0 -.2(bu)2.958 G .457(iltin is interruptible\).).2 F .457 +(In all cases,)5.457 F F1(bash)108 165.6 Q F0(ignores)2.5 E F3(SIGQ)2.5 +E(UIT)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0(If job control is in ef)4.5 E +(fect,)-.25 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(ignores)2.5 E F3(SIGTTIN)2.5 E F4(,)A F3 +(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F3(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F4(.)A F0 +(Non-b)108 182.4 Q 1.064(uiltin commands run by)-.2 F F1(bash)3.564 E F0 +(ha)3.564 E 1.365 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.065(ignal handlers set to the v).15 +F 1.065(alues inherited by the shell from its)-.25 F 3.248(parent. When) +108 194.4 R .748(job control is not in ef)3.248 F .747 +(fect, asynchronous commands ignore)-.25 F F3(SIGINT)3.247 E F0(and) +2.997 E F3(SIGQ)3.247 E(UIT)-.09 E F0 .747(in addi-)2.997 F .652 +(tion to these inherited handlers.)108 206.4 R .653 +(Commands run as a result of command substitution ignore the k)5.652 F +-.15(ey)-.1 G(board-).15 E(generated job control signals)108 218.4 Q F3 (SIGTTIN)2.5 E F4(,)A F3(SIGTT)2.25 E(OU)-.162 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.25 E F3 -(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F4(.)A F0 2.045(The shell e)108 206.4 R 2.045 +(SIGTSTP)2.5 E F4(.)A F0 2.046(The shell e)108 235.2 R 2.046 (xits by def)-.15 F 2.045(ault upon receipt of a)-.1 F F3(SIGHUP)4.545 E -F4(.)A F0 2.045(Before e)6.545 F 2.045(xiting, an interacti)-.15 F 2.346 --.15(ve s)-.25 H 2.046(hell resends the).15 F F3(SIGHUP)108 218.4 Q F0 -1.005(to all jobs, running or stopped.)3.255 F 1.004 -(Stopped jobs are sent)6.005 F F3(SIGCONT)3.504 E F0 1.004 -(to ensure that the)3.254 F 3.504(yr)-.15 G(ecei)-3.504 E 1.304 -.15 -(ve t)-.25 H(he).15 E F3(SIGHUP)108 230.4 Q F4(.)A F0 2.529 -.8(To p) -5.429 H(re).8 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .93(nt the shell from sending the signal\ - to a particular job, it should be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.43(df).15 -G .93(rom the)-3.43 F 1.357(jobs table with the)108 242.4 R F1(diso) -3.857 E(wn)-.1 E F0 -.2(bu)3.857 G 1.357(iltin \(see).2 F F3 1.356 -(SHELL B)3.856 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.356(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.606 E -1.356(w\) or mark)-.25 F 1.356(ed to not recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F3 -(SIGHUP)108 254.4 Q F0(using)2.25 E F1(diso)2.5 E(wn \255h)-.1 E F0(.)A -.166(If the)108 271.2 R F1(huponexit)2.666 E F0 .166 +F4(.)A F0 2.045(Before e)6.545 F 2.045(xiting, an interacti)-.15 F 2.345 +-.15(ve s)-.25 H 2.045(hell resends the).15 F F3(SIGHUP)108 247.2 Q F0 +1.004(to all jobs, running or stopped.)3.254 F 1.004 +(Stopped jobs are sent)6.004 F F3(SIGCONT)3.505 E F0 1.005 +(to ensure that the)3.255 F 3.505(yr)-.15 G(ecei)-3.505 E 1.305 -.15 +(ve t)-.25 H(he).15 E F3(SIGHUP)108 259.2 Q F4(.)A F0 2.53 -.8(To p)5.43 +H(re).8 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .93(nt the shell from sending the signal to a \ +particular job, it should be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.429(df).15 G +.929(rom the)-3.429 F 1.356(jobs table with the)108 271.2 R F1(diso) +3.856 E(wn)-.1 E F0 -.2(bu)3.856 G 1.356(iltin \(see).2 F F3 1.356 +(SHELL B)3.856 F(UIL)-.09 E 1.356(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.607 E +1.357(w\) or mark)-.25 F 1.357(ed to not recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F3 +(SIGHUP)108 283.2 Q F0(using)2.25 E F1(diso)2.5 E(wn \255h)-.1 E F0(.)A +.166(If the)108 300 R F1(huponexit)2.666 E F0 .166 (shell option has been set with)2.666 F F1(shopt)2.666 E F0(,)A F1(bash) 2.666 E F0 .166(sends a)2.666 F F3(SIGHUP)2.666 E F0 .166 (to all jobs when an interacti)2.416 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(login shell e)108 -283.2 Q(xits.)-.15 E(If)108 300 Q F1(bash)3.047 E F0 .547(is w)3.047 F +312 Q(xits.)-.15 E(If)108 328.8 Q F1(bash)3.046 E F0 .546(is w)3.046 F .546(aiting for a command to complete and recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.046(sas).15 G .546(ignal for which a trap has been set, the trap) --3.046 F .662(will not be e)108 312 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .662 +-3.046 F .663(will not be e)108 340.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .663 (cuted until the command completes.).15 F(When)5.663 E F1(bash)3.163 E -F0 .663(is w)3.163 F .663(aiting for an asynchronous command)-.1 F .99 -(via the)108 324 R F1(wait)3.49 E F0 -.2(bu)3.49 G .99(iltin, the recep\ -tion of a signal for which a trap has been set will cause the).2 F F1 +F0 .662(is w)3.163 F .662(aiting for an asynchronous command)-.1 F .99 +(via the)108 352.8 R F1(wait)3.49 E F0 -.2(bu)3.49 G .99(iltin, the rec\ +eption of a signal for which a trap has been set will cause the).2 F F1 (wait)3.49 E F0 -.2(bu)3.49 G .99(iltin to).2 F -(return immediately with an e)108 336 Q +(return immediately with an e)108 364.8 Q (xit status greater than 128, immediately after which the trap is e)-.15 -E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F2(JOB CONTR)72 352.8 Q(OL)-.329 E/F5 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF -.25(Jo)108 364.8 S 4.567(bc).25 G(ontr)-4.567 E(ol) --.45 E F0 2.067(refers to the ability to selecti)5.077 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.067(ly stop \().15 F F5(suspend)A F0 4.567(\)t)C 2.068(he e)-4.567 F --.15(xe)-.15 G 2.068(cution of processes and continue).15 F(\()108 376.8 -Q F5 -.37(re)C(sume).37 E F0 3.202(\)t)C .702(heir e)-3.202 F -.15(xe) +E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F2(JOB CONTR)72 381.6 Q(OL)-.329 E/F5 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF -.25(Jo)108 393.6 S 4.568(bc).25 G(ontr)-4.568 E(ol) +-.45 E F0 2.068(refers to the ability to selecti)5.078 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.067(ly stop \().15 F F5(suspend)A F0 4.567(\)t)C 2.067(he e)-4.567 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G 2.067(cution of processes and continue).15 F(\()108 405.6 +Q F5 -.37(re)C(sume).37 E F0 3.201(\)t)C .701(heir e)-3.201 F -.15(xe) -.15 G .702(cution at a later point.).15 F 3.202(Au)5.702 G .702 (ser typically emplo)-3.202 F .702(ys this f)-.1 F .702 -(acility via an interacti)-.1 F 1.001 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nterf).15 E(ace) --.1 E(supplied jointly by the operating system k)108 388.8 Q(ernel')-.1 +(acility via an interacti)-.1 F 1.002 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nterf).15 E(ace) +-.1 E(supplied jointly by the operating system k)108 417.6 Q(ernel')-.1 E 2.5(st)-.55 G(erminal dri)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ra).15 G(nd)-2.5 E -F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A .784(The shell associates a)108 405.6 R F5(job) -5.024 E F0 .784(with each pipeline.)3.514 F .784(It k)5.784 F .785 -(eeps a table of currently e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .785 -(cuting jobs, which may be).15 F .341(listed with the)108 417.6 R F1 -(jobs)2.841 E F0 2.841(command. When)2.841 F F1(bash)2.841 E F0 .341 -(starts a job asynchronously \(in the)2.841 F F5(bac)2.84 E(kgr)-.2 E -(ound)-.45 E F0 .34(\), it prints a line).77 F(that looks lik)108 429.6 -Q(e:)-.1 E([1] 25647)144 446.4 Q .241(indicating that this job is job n\ +F1(bash)2.5 E F0(.)A .785(The shell associates a)108 434.4 R F5(job) +5.025 E F0 .785(with each pipeline.)3.515 F .784(It k)5.785 F .784 +(eeps a table of currently e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .784 +(cuting jobs, which may be).15 F .34(listed with the)108 446.4 R F1 +(jobs)2.84 E F0 2.84(command. When)2.84 F F1(bash)2.84 E F0 .341 +(starts a job asynchronously \(in the)2.84 F F5(bac)2.841 E(kgr)-.2 E +(ound)-.45 E F0 .341(\), it prints a line).77 F(that looks lik)108 458.4 +Q(e:)-.1 E([1] 25647)144 475.2 Q .241(indicating that this job is job n\ umber 1 and that the process ID of the last process in the pipeline ass\ -ociated)108 463.2 R .733(with this job is 25647.)108 475.2 R .732 +ociated)108 492 R .732(with this job is 25647.)108 504 R .733 (All of the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job) -5.733 F(.)-.4 E F1(Bash)5.732 E F0(uses)3.232 E(the)108 487.2 Q F5(job) -4.24 E F0(abstraction as the basis for job control.)2.73 E 3.062 -.8 -(To f)108 504 T 1.462(acilitate the implementation of the user interf).7 -F 1.463(ace to job control, the operating system maintains the)-.1 F -.871(notion of a)108 516 R F5(curr)3.371 E .871(ent terminal pr)-.37 F -.871(ocess gr)-.45 F .871(oup ID)-.45 F F0 5.871(.M)C .87 +5.732 F(.)-.4 E F1(Bash)5.733 E F0(uses)3.233 E(the)108 516 Q F5(job) +4.24 E F0(abstraction as the basis for job control.)2.73 E 3.063 -.8 +(To f)108 532.8 T 1.463(acilitate the implementation of the user interf) +.7 F 1.462(ace to job control, the operating system maintains the)-.1 F +.87(notion of a)108 544.8 R F5(curr)3.37 E .87(ent terminal pr)-.37 F +.871(ocess gr)-.45 F .871(oup ID)-.45 F F0 5.871(.M)C .871 (embers of this process group \(processes whose process)-5.871 F .023 (group ID is equal to the current terminal process group ID\) recei)108 -528 R .323 -.15(ve k)-.25 H -.15(ey).05 G .023 -(board-generated signals such as).15 F F3(SIG-)2.523 E(INT)108 540 Q F4 -(.)A F0 1.347(These processes are said to be in the)5.847 F F5(for)3.846 -E -.4(eg)-.37 G -.45(ro).4 G(und).45 E F0(.).77 E F5(Bac)6.926 E(kgr)-.2 -E(ound)-.45 E F0 1.346(processes are those whose process)4.616 F .145 -(group ID dif)108 552 R .145(fers from the terminal')-.25 F .146 -(s; such processes are immune to k)-.55 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .146 -(board-generated signals.).15 F .146(Only fore-)5.146 F .16 -(ground processes are allo)108 564 R .16(wed to read from or)-.25 F 2.66 -(,i)-.4 G 2.66(ft)-2.66 G .16(he user so speci\214es with)-2.66 F/F6 10 -/Courier@0 SF .16(stty tostop)2.66 F F0 2.66(,w)C .16(rite to the ter) --2.66 F(-)-.2 E 3.051(minal. Background)108 576 R .551 -(processes which attempt to read from \(write to when)3.051 F F6 .551 -(stty tostop)3.051 F F0 .552(is in ef)3.052 F .552(fect\) the)-.25 F -.718(terminal are sent a)108 588 R F3 .718(SIGTTIN \(SIGTT)3.218 F(OU\)) --.162 E F0 .718(signal by the k)2.968 F(ernel')-.1 E 3.217(st)-.55 G -.717(erminal dri)-3.217 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.517 -.4(r, w).15 H .717 -(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 600 Q 1.087 -(If the operating system on which)108 616.8 R F1(bash)3.587 E F0 1.088 -(is running supports job control,)3.588 F F1(bash)3.588 E F0 1.088 -(contains f)3.588 F 1.088(acilities to use it.)-.1 F -.8(Ty)108 628.8 S -.302(ping the).8 F F5(suspend)3.142 E F0 .302(character \(typically) -3.572 F F1(^Z)2.801 E F0 2.801(,C)C .301 +556.8 R .323 -.15(ve k)-.25 H -.15(ey).05 G .023 +(board-generated signals such as).15 F F3(SIG-)2.522 E(INT)108 568.8 Q +F4(.)A F0 1.346(These processes are said to be in the)5.846 F F5(for) +3.847 E -.4(eg)-.37 G -.45(ro).4 G(und).45 E F0(.).77 E F5(Bac)6.927 E +(kgr)-.2 E(ound)-.45 E F0 1.347(processes are those whose process)4.617 +F .146(group ID dif)108 580.8 R .146(fers from the terminal')-.25 F .146 +(s; such processes are immune to k)-.55 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .145 +(board-generated signals.).15 F .145(Only fore-)5.145 F .16 +(ground processes are allo)108 592.8 R .16(wed to read from or)-.25 F +2.66(,i)-.4 G 2.66(ft)-2.66 G .16(he user so speci\214es with)-2.66 F/F6 +10/Courier@0 SF .16(stty tostop)2.66 F F0 2.66(,w)C .16(rite to the ter) +-2.66 F(-)-.2 E 3.052(minal. Background)108 604.8 R .551 +(processes which attempt to read from \(write to when)3.052 F F6 .551 +(stty tostop)3.051 F F0 .551(is in ef)3.051 F .551(fect\) the)-.25 F +.717(terminal are sent a)108 616.8 R F3 .717(SIGTTIN \(SIGTT)3.217 F +(OU\))-.162 E F0 .718(signal by the k)2.967 F(ernel')-.1 E 3.218(st)-.55 +G .718(erminal dri)-3.218 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.518 -.4(r, w).15 H .718 +(hich, unless caught, sus-).4 F(pends the process.)108 628.8 Q 1.088 +(If the operating system on which)108 645.6 R F1(bash)3.588 E F0 1.088 +(is running supports job control,)3.588 F F1(bash)3.587 E F0 1.087 +(contains f)3.587 F 1.087(acilities to use it.)-.1 F -.8(Ty)108 657.6 S +.301(ping the).8 F F5(suspend)3.141 E F0 .301(character \(typically) +3.571 F F1(^Z)2.801 E F0 2.801(,C)C .301 (ontrol-Z\) while a process is running causes that process to be)-2.801 -F 2.142(stopped and returns control to)108 640.8 R F1(bash)4.642 E F0 +F 2.143(stopped and returns control to)108 669.6 R F1(bash)4.642 E F0 7.142(.T)C 2.142(yping the)-7.942 F F5 2.142(delayed suspend)4.992 F F0 -2.143(character \(typically)5.413 F F1(^Y)4.643 E F0 4.643(,C)C -(ontrol-Y\))-4.643 E .021(causes the process to be stopped when it atte\ +2.142(character \(typically)5.412 F F1(^Y)4.642 E F0 4.642(,C)C +(ontrol-Y\))-4.642 E .021(causes the process to be stopped when it atte\ mpts to read input from the terminal, and control to be returned)108 -652.8 R(to)108 664.8 Q F1(bash)3.392 E F0 5.892(.T)C .892 +681.6 R(to)108 693.6 Q F1(bash)3.392 E F0 5.892(.T)C .892 (he user may then manipulate the state of this job, using the)-5.892 F -F1(bg)3.392 E F0 .892(command to continue it in the)3.392 F .895 -(background, the)108 676.8 R F1(fg)3.395 E F0 .895 -(command to continue it in the fore)3.395 F .895(ground, or the)-.15 F -F1(kill)3.395 E F0 .894(command to kill it.)3.395 F(A)5.894 E F1(^Z) -3.394 E F0(tak)3.394 E(es)-.1 E(ef)108 688.8 Q .948(fect immediately) --.25 F 3.448(,a)-.65 G .948(nd has the additional side ef)-3.448 F .948 +F1(bg)3.392 E F0 .892(command to continue it in the)3.392 F .894 +(background, the)108 705.6 R F1(fg)3.394 E F0 .895 +(command to continue it in the fore)3.394 F .895(ground, or the)-.15 F +F1(kill)3.395 E F0 .895(command to kill it.)3.395 F(A)5.895 E F1(^Z) +3.395 E F0(tak)3.395 E(es)-.1 E(ef)108 717.6 Q .949(fect immediately) +-.25 F 3.449(,a)-.65 G .948(nd has the additional side ef)-3.449 F .948 (fect of causing pending output and typeahead to be dis-)-.25 F(carded.) -108 700.8 Q .777(There are a number of w)108 717.6 R .777 -(ays to refer to a job in the shell.)-.1 F .777(The character)5.777 F F1 -(%)3.277 E F0 .777(introduces a job speci\214cation)3.277 F(\()108 729.6 -Q F5(jobspec)A F0 3.457(\). Job)B(number)3.457 E F5(n)3.817 E F0 .957 -(may be referred to as)3.697 F F1(%n)3.457 E F0 5.957(.A)C .957 -(job may also be referred to using a pre\214x of the)-2.5 F -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(35)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +108 729.6 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(35)197.335 E 0 +Cg EP %%Page: 36 36 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .59(name used to \ -start it, or using a substring that appears in its command line.)108 84 -R -.15(Fo)5.59 G 3.09(re).15 G(xample,)-3.24 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(%ce)3.09 E F0 .59(refers to a)3.09 F(stopped)108 96 Q F1(ce)3.463 E F0 -(job)3.463 E 5.963(.I)-.4 G 3.463(fap)-5.963 G .963 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .777 +(There are a number of w)108 84 R .777 +(ays to refer to a job in the shell.)-.1 F .777(The character)5.777 F/F1 +10/Times-Bold@0 SF(%)3.277 E F0 .777(introduces a job speci\214cation) +3.277 F(\()108 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(jobspec)A F0 3.458(\). 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+297.6 Q(xits.)-.15 E .033(If an attempt to e)108 314.4 R(xit)-.15 E F1 +(bash)2.533 E F0 .033(is made while jobs are stopped \(or)2.533 F 2.532 +(,i)-.4 G 2.532(ft)-2.532 G(he)-2.532 E F1(checkjobs)2.532 E F0 .032 +(shell option has been enabled)2.532 F 2.019(using the)108 326.4 R F1 +(shopt)4.519 E F0 -.2(bu)4.519 G 2.019 +(iltin, running\), the shell prints a w).2 F 2.02 +(arning message, and, if the)-.1 F F1(checkjobs)4.52 E F0 2.02 +(option is)4.52 F .459(enabled, lists the jobs and their statuses.)108 +338.4 R(The)5.459 E F1(jobs)2.959 E F0 .458 +(command may then be used to inspect their status.)2.958 F .458(If a) +5.458 F .603(second attempt to e)108 350.4 R .604 (xit is made without an interv)-.15 F .604 (ening command, the shell does not print another w)-.15 F(arning,)-.1 E -(and an)108 338.4 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(topped jobs are terminated.)-2.5 E/F4 -10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)72 355.2 Q(OMPTING)-.329 E F0 .644(When e)108 -367.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .644(cuting interacti).15 F 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499.2 Q F1(\\h)144 511.2 Q F0 +(the hostname up to the \214rst `.)180 511.2 Q(')-.7 E F1(\\H)144 523.2 +Q F0(the hostname)180 523.2 Q F1(\\j)144 535.2 Q F0 +(the number of jobs currently managed by the shell)180 535.2 Q F1(\\l) +144 547.2 Q F0(the basename of the shell')180 547.2 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G +(erminal de)-2.5 E(vice name)-.25 E F1(\\n)144 559.2 Q F0(ne)180 559.2 Q +(wline)-.25 E F1(\\r)144 571.2 Q F0(carriage return)180 571.2 Q F1(\\s) +144 583.2 Q F0(the name of the shell, the basename of)180 583.2 Q F1($0) 2.5 E F0(\(the portion follo)2.5 E(wing the \214nal slash\))-.25 E F1 -(\\t)144 571.2 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM:SS format)180 -571.2 Q F1(\\T)144 583.2 Q F0 -(the current time in 12-hour HH:MM:SS format)180 583.2 Q F1(\\@)144 -595.2 Q F0(the current time in 12-hour am/pm format)180 595.2 Q F1(\\A) -144 607.2 Q F0(the current time in 24-hour HH:MM format)180 607.2 Q F1 -(\\u)144 619.2 Q F0(the username of the current user)180 619.2 Q F1(\\v) -144 631.2 Q F0(the 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Q(OMPT_DIR)-.27 E(TRIM)-.36 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable\)).25 E -F1(\\W)144 679.2 Q F0(the basename of the current w)180 679.2 Q +(l\().15 G(e.g., 2.00.0\))-2.5 E F1(\\w)144 679.2 Q F0 .116 +(the current w)180 679.2 R .116(orking directory)-.1 F 2.616(,w)-.65 G +(ith)-2.616 E F3($HOME)2.616 E F0(abbre)2.366 E .115 +(viated with a tilde \(uses the v)-.25 F .115(alue of the)-.25 F F3(PR) +180 691.2 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.27 E(TRIM)-.36 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable\)).25 E +F1(\\W)144 703.2 Q F0(the basename of the current w)180 703.2 Q (orking directory)-.1 E 2.5(,w)-.65 G(ith)-2.5 E F3($HOME)2.5 E F0 -(abbre)2.25 E(viated with a tilde)-.25 E F1(\\!)144 691.2 Q F0 -(the history number of this command)180 691.2 Q F1(\\#)144 703.2 Q F0 -(the command number of this command)180 703.2 Q F1(\\$)144 715.2 Q F0 -(if the ef)180 715.2 Q(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve U)-.25 H(ID is 0, a).15 E -F1(#)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(therwise a)-2.5 E F1($)2.5 E F0(GNU Bash 4.4)72 -768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(36)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(abbre)2.25 E(viated with a tilde)-.25 E F1(\\!)144 715.2 Q F0 +(the history number of this command)180 715.2 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q +(2016 May 29)148.175 E(36)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 37 37 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(\\)144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A F0 -(the character corresponding to the octal number)180 84 Q F2(nnn)2.5 E -F1(\\\\)144 96 Q F0 2.5(ab)180 96 S(ackslash)-2.5 E F1(\\[)144 108 Q F0 -(be)180 108 Q 1.257(gin a sequence of non-printing characters, which co\ -uld be used to embed a terminal)-.15 F(control sequence into the prompt) -180 120 Q F1(\\])144 132 Q F0(end a sequence of non-printing characters) -180 132 Q .119 -(The command number and the history number are usually dif)108 148.8 R -.12(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F 1.585(positio\ -n in the history list, which may include commands 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156 Q .12 +(The command number and the history number are usually dif)108 172.8 R +.119(ferent: the history number of a command is its)-.25 F 1.585(positi\ +on in the history list, which may include commands restored from the hi\ +story \214le \(see)108 184.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)4.085 E(OR) +-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)108 196.8 Q .541(w\), while the command numbe\ +r is the position in the sequence of commands e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.54(cuted during the cur).15 F(-)-.2 E .546(rent shell session.)108 +208.8 R .546(After the string is decoded, it is e)5.546 F .546 (xpanded via parameter e)-.15 F .546(xpansion, command substitu-)-.15 F -.351(tion, arithmetic e)108 196.8 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F +.352(tion, arithmetic e)108 220.8 R .352(xpansion, and quote remo)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .352(l, subject to the v).25 F .352(alue of the)-.25 F F1 -(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .352(shell option \(see the)2.852 -F(description of the)108 208.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E +(pr)2.852 E(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 .351(shell option \(see the)2.852 +F(description of the)108 232.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0(command under)2.5 E F3(SHELL B)2.5 E(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).) --.25 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)72 225.6 Q F0 .151 +-.25 E/F4 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE)72 249.6 Q F0 .15 (This is the library that handles reading input when using an interacti) -108 237.6 R .45 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .15(hell, unless the).15 F F1 -(\255\255noediting)2.65 E F0(option)2.65 E 1.208(is gi)108 249.6 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.708(na).15 G 3.708(ts)-3.708 G 1.208(hell in)-3.708 F -.2 -(vo)-.4 G 3.708(cation. Line).2 F 1.208 -(editing is also used when using the)3.708 F F1<ad65>3.709 E F0 1.209 -(option to the)3.709 F F1 -.18(re)3.709 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.709 G -3.709(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 261.6 Q .851 +108 261.6 R .451 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .151(hell, unless the).15 F F1 +(\255\255noediting)2.651 E F0(option)2.651 E 1.209(is gi)108 273.6 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.709(na).15 G 3.709(ts)-3.709 G 1.209(hell in)-3.709 F +-.2(vo)-.4 G 3.709(cation. Line).2 F 1.208 +(editing is also used when using the)3.709 F F1<ad65>3.708 E F0 1.208 +(option to the)3.708 F F1 -.18(re)3.708 G(ad).18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.708 G +3.708(iltin. By).2 F(def)108 285.6 Q .851 (ault, the line editing commands are similar to those of Emacs.)-.1 F -3.351(Av)5.851 G .851(i-style line editing interf)-3.351 F .851 -(ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 273.6 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85 +3.351(Av)5.851 G .851(i-style line editing interf)-3.351 F .852 +(ace is also)-.1 F -.2(av)108 297.6 S 3.35(ailable. Line)-.05 F .85 (editing can be enabled at an)3.35 F 3.35(yt)-.15 G .85(ime using the) -3.35 F F1 .85(\255o emacs)3.35 F F0(or)3.35 E F1 .85(\255o vi)3.35 F F0 .85(options to the)3.35 F F1(set)3.35 E F0 -.2(bu)3.35 G(iltin).2 E -(\(see)108 285.6 Q F3 .763(SHELL B)3.263 F(UIL)-.09 E .763(TIN COMMANDS) --.828 F F0(belo)3.013 E 3.263(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of) +(\(see)108 309.6 Q F3 .762(SHELL B)3.262 F(UIL)-.09 E .762(TIN COMMANDS) +-.828 F F0(belo)3.012 E 3.262(w\). T)-.25 F 3.263(ot)-.8 G .763(urn of) -3.263 F 3.263(fl)-.25 G .763 -(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F1(+o)3.262 E -(emacs)108 297.6 Q F0(or)2.5 E F1(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1 -(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(Readline Notation)87 314.4 Q +(ine editing after the shell is running, use the)-3.263 F F1(+o)3.263 E +(emacs)108 321.6 Q F0(or)2.5 E F1(+o vi)2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1 +(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(Readline Notation)87 338.4 Q F0 .463(In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote k) -108 326.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 2.963(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke) +108 350.4 R -.15(ey)-.1 G(strok).15 E 2.963(es. Control)-.1 F -.1(ke) 2.963 G .463(ys are denoted by C\255)-.05 F F2 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0(,)A -1.153(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 338.4 R(Similarly)6.153 E(,) --.65 E F2(meta)4.033 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153(ys are denoted by M\255) --.05 F F2 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.652(,s)C 3.652(oM)-3.652 G 1.152 -(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.652 F(\(On)6.152 E -.1(ke)108 350.4 S .83 -(yboards without a)-.05 F F2(meta)3.71 E F0 -.1(ke)3.59 G 2.13 -.65 -(y, M)-.05 H<ad>.65 E F2(x)A F0 .83(means ESC)3.33 F F2(x)3.33 E F0 3.33 -(,i)C .831(.e., press the Escape k)-3.33 F 1.131 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .831 -(hen the).15 F F2(x)4.101 E F0 -.1(ke)3.861 G 4.631 -.65(y. T)-.05 H -.831(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .6(ESC the)108 362.4 R F2 .6(meta pr)3.1 F -(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.6(.T)C .6(he combination M\255C\255)-5.6 F F2(x)A F0 -.599(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F2(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099(rp) --3.099 G .599(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .899 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .599 -(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 374.4 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H +1.152(e.g., C\255n means Control\255N.)108 362.4 R(Similarly)6.152 E(,) +-.65 E F2(meta)4.032 E F0 -.1(ke)3.913 G 1.153(ys are denoted by M\255) +-.05 F F2 -.1(ke)C(y)-.2 E F0 3.653(,s)C 3.653(oM)-3.653 G 1.153 +(\255x means Meta\255X.)-3.653 F(\(On)6.153 E -.1(ke)108 374.4 S .831 +(yboards without a)-.05 F F2(meta)3.711 E F0 -.1(ke)3.591 G 2.131 -.65 +(y, M)-.05 H<ad>.65 E F2(x)A F0 .831(means ESC)3.331 F F2(x)3.331 E F0 +3.331(,i)C .83(.e., press the Escape k)-3.331 F 1.13 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .83 +(hen the).15 F F2(x)4.1 E F0 -.1(ke)3.86 G 4.63 -.65(y. T)-.05 H .83 +(his mak).65 F(es)-.1 E .599(ESC the)108 386.4 R F2 .599(meta pr)3.099 F +(e\214x)-.37 E F0 5.599(.T)C .599(he combination M\255C\255)-5.599 F F2 +(x)A F0 .599(means ESC\255Control\255)3.099 F F2(x)A F0 3.099(,o)C 3.099 +(rp)-3.099 G .6(ress the Escape k)-3.099 F .9 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .6 +(hen hold).15 F(the Control k)108 398.4 Q .3 -.15(ey w)-.1 H (hile pressing the).15 E F2(x)3.27 E F0 -.1(ke)3.03 G -.65(y.)-.05 G(\)) -.65 E .619(Readline commands may be gi)108 391.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119 +.65 E .62(Readline commands may be gi)108 415.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.119 (nn).15 G(umeric)-3.119 E F2(ar)3.119 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.119(,w).27 G -.619(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.62 E(ho) -108 403.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.419 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.119(ti).4 G -3.119(st)-3.119 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619 +.619(hich normally act as a repeat count.)-3.119 F(Sometimes,)5.619 E +(ho)108 427.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.418 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.118(ti) +.4 G 3.119(st)-3.118 G .619(he sign of the ar)-3.119 F .619 (gument that is signi\214cant.)-.18 F -.15(Pa)5.619 G .619(ssing a ne) .15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .919 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .619 -(ument to a command that).18 F 1.018(acts in the forw)108 415.2 R 1.018 +(ument to a command that).18 F 1.019(acts in the forw)108 439.2 R 1.018 (ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F F1(kill\255line)3.518 E F0 3.518(\)c)C -1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.019 -(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.019 E(mands whose beha)108 427.2 Q +1.018(auses that command to act in a backw)-3.518 F 1.018 +(ard direction.)-.1 F(Com-)6.018 E(mands whose beha)108 451.2 Q (vior with ar)-.2 E(guments de)-.18 E(viates from this are noted belo) --.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .812(When a command is described as)108 444 R F2 +-.25 E -.65(w.)-.25 G .811(When a command is described as)108 468 R F2 (killing)3.311 E F0(te)3.311 E .811(xt, the te)-.15 F .811 -(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .811 -(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.311(l\().25 G F2 -(yank-)-3.311 E(ing)108 456 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 F +(xt deleted is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.311(df).15 G .812 +(or possible future retrie)-3.311 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.312(l\().25 G F2 +(yank-)-3.312 E(ing)108 480 Q F0 2.529(\). The)B .029(killed te)2.529 F .029(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.529(di).15 G 2.529(na)-2.529 G F2 .029(kill ring)B F0 5.029(.C)C(onsecuti)-5.029 E .329 -.15(ve k)-.25 H .029(ills cause the te).15 F .029(xt to be accumulated into one unit,) --.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 468 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F .567 +-.15 F .567(which can be yank)108 492 R .567(ed all at once.)-.1 F .567 (Commands which do not kill te)5.567 F .567 (xt separate the chunks of te)-.15 F .567(xt on the kill)-.15 F(ring.) -108 480 Q F1(Readline Initialization)87 496.8 Q F0 .091(Readline is cus\ -tomized by putting commands in an initialization \214le \(the)108 508.8 -R F2(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .092 -(name of this \214le)2.591 F .197(is tak)108 520.8 R .196(en from the v) +108 504 Q F1(Readline Initialization)87 520.8 Q F0 .091(Readline is cus\ +tomized by putting commands in an initialization \214le \(the)108 532.8 +R F2(inputr)2.591 E(c)-.37 E F0 2.591(\214le\). The)2.591 F .091 +(name of this \214le)2.591 F .196(is tak)108 544.8 R .196(en from the v) -.1 F .196(alue of the)-.25 F F3(INPUTRC)2.696 E F0 -.25(va)2.446 G 2.696(riable. If).25 F .196(that v)2.696 F .196 (ariable is unset, the def)-.25 F .196(ault is)-.1 F F2(~/.inputr)2.696 -E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31 G .196(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which us\ +E(c)-.37 E F0 5.196(.W).31 G .197(hen a)-5.196 F 1.034(program which us\ es the readline library starts up, the initialization \214le is read, a\ -nd the k)108 532.8 R 1.335 -.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.035(indings and).15 F -.25 -(va)108 544.8 S 1.15(riables are set.).25 F 1.15(There are only a fe) -6.15 F 3.649(wb)-.25 G 1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.149 -(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F(Blank)6.149 E .736 -(lines are ignored.)108 556.8 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737 +nd the k)108 556.8 R 1.334 -.15(ey b)-.1 H 1.034(indings and).15 F -.25 +(va)108 568.8 S 1.149(riables are set.).25 F 1.149(There are only a fe) +6.149 F 3.649(wb)-.25 G 1.149(asic constructs allo)-3.649 F 1.15 +(wed in the readline initialization \214le.)-.25 F(Blank)6.15 E .737 +(lines are ignored.)108 580.8 R .737(Lines be)5.737 F .737 (ginning with a)-.15 F F1(#)3.237 E F0 .737(are comments.)3.237 F .737 -(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F1($)3.237 E F0 .737 -(indicate conditional)3.237 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 568.8 R +(Lines be)5.737 F .737(ginning with a)-.15 F F1($)3.237 E F0 .736 +(indicate conditional)3.236 F 2.5(constructs. Other)108 592.8 R (lines denote k)2.5 E .3 -.15(ey b)-.1 H(indings and v).15 E -(ariable settings.)-.25 E .987(The def)108 585.6 R .987(ault k)-.1 F +(ariable settings.)-.25 E .986(The def)108 609.6 R .986(ault k)-.1 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .987(-bindings may be changed with an).15 F F2(inputr) 3.497 E(c)-.37 E F0 3.487(\214le. Other)3.797 F .987 -(programs that use this library may)3.487 F(add their o)108 597.6 Q -(wn commands and bindings.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)108 614.4 S 2.5(re).15 G -(xample, placing)-2.65 E(M\255Control\255u: uni)144 631.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 -G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(or)108 643.2 Q(C\255Meta\255u: uni)144 -655.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(into the)108 667.2 +(programs that use this library may)3.487 F(add their o)108 621.6 Q +(wn commands and bindings.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)108 638.4 S 2.5(re).15 G +(xample, placing)-2.65 E(M\255Control\255u: uni)144 655.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 +G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(or)108 667.2 Q(C\255Meta\255u: uni)144 +679.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E(into the)108 691.2 Q F2(inputr)2.51 E(c)-.37 E F0 -.1(wo)2.81 G(uld mak).1 E 2.5(eM)-.1 G (\255C\255u e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute the readline command).15 E F2 -(univer)2.5 E(sal\255ar)-.1 E(gument)-.37 E F0(.).68 E 1.26(The follo) -108 684 R 1.261(wing symbolic character names are recognized:)-.25 F F2 +(univer)2.5 E(sal\255ar)-.1 E(gument)-.37 E F0(.).68 E 1.261(The follo) +108 708 R 1.261(wing symbolic character names are recognized:)-.25 F F2 -.4(RU)3.761 G(BOUT).4 E F0(,)1.27 E F2(DEL)3.761 E F0(,).53 E F2(ESC) -3.761 E F0(,).72 E F2(LFD)3.761 E F0(,).28 E F2(NEWLINE)3.761 E F0(,).73 -E F2(RET)3.761 E F0(,)1.27 E F2(RETURN)108 696 Q F0(,)1.1 E F2(SPC)2.5 E +3.761 E F0(,).72 E F2(LFD)3.761 E F0(,).28 E F2(NEWLINE)3.76 E F0(,).73 +E F2(RET)3.76 E F0(,)1.27 E F2(RETURN)108 720 Q F0(,)1.1 E F2(SPC)2.5 E F0(,).72 E F2(SP)2.5 E -.3(AC)-.9 G(E).3 E F0 2.5(,a).73 G(nd)-2.5 E F2 --.5(TA)2.5 G(B).5 E F0(.).27 E .209 -(In addition to command names, readline allo)108 712.8 R .209(ws k)-.25 -F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.709(st).15 G 2.709(ob)-2.709 G 2.709(eb)-2.709 G .209 -(ound to a string that is inserted when the k)-2.709 F .509 -.15(ey i) --.1 H(s).15 E(pressed \(a)108 724.8 Q F2(macr)2.5 E(o)-.45 E F0(\).)A -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(37)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +-.5(TA)2.5 G(B).5 E F0(.).27 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 +E(37)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 38 38 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(Readline K)87 84 Q(ey Bindings)-.25 E F0 .366 -(The syntax for controlling k)108 96 R .666 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .366 -(indings in the).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37 E F0 -.366(\214le is simple.)3.176 F .366 -(All that is required is the name of the)5.366 F .264(command or the te) -108 108 R .264(xt of a macro and a k)-.15 F .564 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .264 -(equence to which it should be bound.).15 F .263(The name may be speci-) -5.264 F .853(\214ed in one of tw)108 120 R 3.353(ow)-.1 G .853 -(ays: as a symbolic k)-3.453 F 1.153 -.15(ey n)-.1 H .853 -(ame, possibly with).15 F F2(Meta\255)3.353 E F0(or)3.353 E F2(Contr) -3.353 E(ol\255)-.45 E F0(pre\214x)3.353 E .853(es, or as a k)-.15 F -.15 -(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 132 Q .161(When using the form)108 148.8 R F1 --.1(ke)2.661 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A F2(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.661 -E F2(macr)2.661 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F2 -.1(ke)2.661 G(yname)-.2 E F0 .16 -(is the name of a k)2.84 F .46 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .16(pelled out in Eng-) -.15 F 2.5(lish. F)108 160.8 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E(Control-u: uni) -144 184.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsal\255ar).15 E(gument)-.18 E -(Meta-Rubout: backw)144 196.8 Q(ard-kill-w)-.1 E(ord)-.1 E -(Control-o: "> output")144 208.8 Q .698(In the abo)108 225.6 R .998 -.15 -(ve ex)-.15 H(ample,).15 E F2(C\255u)3.038 E F0 .698 -(is bound to the function)3.448 F F1(uni)3.198 E -.1(ve)-.1 G -(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(,)A F2(M\255DEL)3.878 E F0 .698 -(is bound to the func-)3.728 F(tion)108 237.6 Q F1 -(backward\255kill\255w)2.759 E(ord)-.1 E F0 2.759(,a)C(nd)-2.759 E F2 -(C\255o)2.599 E F0 .258(is bound to run the macro e)2.939 F .258 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .209 +(In addition to command names, readline allo)108 84 R .209(ws k)-.25 F +-.15(ey)-.1 G 2.709(st).15 G 2.709(ob)-2.709 G 2.709(eb)-2.709 G .209 +(ound to a string that is inserted when the k)-2.709 F .509 -.15(ey i) +-.1 H(s).15 E(pressed \(a)108 96 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(macr)2.5 E(o) +-.45 E F0(\).)A/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Readline K)87 112.8 Q(ey Bindings) +-.25 E F0 .366(The syntax for controlling k)108 124.8 R .666 -.15(ey b) +-.1 H .366(indings in the).15 F F1(inputr)2.876 E(c)-.37 E F0 .366 +(\214le is simple.)3.176 F .366(All that is required is the name of the) +5.366 F .263(command or the te)108 136.8 R .264(xt of a macro and a k) +-.15 F .564 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .264(equence to which it should be bound.) +.15 F .264(The name may be speci-)5.264 F .853(\214ed in one of tw)108 +148.8 R 3.353(ow)-.1 G .853(ays: as a symbolic k)-3.453 F 1.153 -.15 +(ey n)-.1 H .853(ame, possibly with).15 F F1(Meta\255)3.353 E F0(or) +3.353 E F1(Contr)3.353 E(ol\255)-.45 E F0(pre\214x)3.353 E .853 +(es, or as a k)-.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G(sequence.)108 160.8 Q .16 +(When using the form)108 177.6 R F2 -.1(ke)2.66 G(yname).1 E F0(:)A F1 +(function\255name).833 E F0(or)2.66 E F1(macr)2.66 E(o)-.45 E F0(,)A F1 +-.1(ke)2.66 G(yname)-.2 E F0 .161(is the name of a k)2.84 F .461 -.15 +(ey s)-.1 H .161(pelled out in Eng-).15 F 2.5(lish. 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Backslash)-.15 F(will quote an)2.5 +E 2.5(yo)-.15 G(ther character in the macro te)-2.5 E +(xt, including " and \010.)-.15 E F2(Bash)108 691.2 Q F0(allo)2.93 E .43 +(ws the current readline k)-.25 F .73 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .429 +(indings to be displayed or modi\214ed with the).15 F F2(bind)2.929 E F0 +-.2(bu)2.929 G .429(iltin command.).2 F .045 +(The editing mode may be switched during interacti)108 703.2 R .345 -.15 +(ve u)-.25 H .046(se by using the).15 F F2<ad6f>2.546 E F0 .046 +(option to the)2.546 F F2(set)2.546 E F0 -.2(bu)2.546 G .046 +(iltin command).2 F(\(see)108 715.2 Q/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)2.5 E +(UIL)-.09 E(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(38)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 39 39 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(set)144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(variable\255name value)2.5 E F0 -.79(Except where noted, readline v)108 100.8 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 -F 3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F(alues)-.25 E F1(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E -F1(Off)3.29 E F0 .79(\(without re)3.29 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .79 -(rd to case\).).05 F(Unrecog-)5.79 E .448(nized v)108 112.8 R .448 +SF(Readline V)87 84 Q(ariables)-.92 E F0 .044(Readline has v)108 96 R +.043(ariables that can be used to further customize its beha)-.25 F +(vior)-.2 E 5.043(.A)-.55 G -.25(va)-2.5 G .043 +(riable may be set in the).25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inpu-)2.553 E +(tr)108 108 Q(c)-.37 E F0(\214le with a statement of the form)2.81 E F1 +(set)144 124.8 Q F2(variable\255name value)2.5 E F0 .79 +(Except where noted, readline v)108 141.6 R .79(ariables can tak)-.25 F +3.29(et)-.1 G .79(he v)-3.29 F(alues)-.25 E F1(On)3.29 E F0(or)3.29 E F1 +(Off)3.29 E F0 .79(\(without re)3.29 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .79(rd to case\).) +.05 F(Unrecog-)5.79 E .449(nized v)108 153.6 R .448 (ariable names are ignored.)-.25 F .448(When a v)5.448 F .448(ariable v) --.25 F .448(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .449 -(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)-.25 F(ti)108 124.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .468 +-.25 F .448(alue is read, empty or null v)-.25 F .448 +(alues, "on" \(case-insensi-)-.25 F(ti)108 165.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .467 (\), and "1" are equi).15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(On) 2.968 E F0 5.468(.A)C .468(ll other v)-5.468 F .468(alues are equi)-.25 -F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .467 -(he v)-5.468 F .467(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108 -136.8 S(lues are:).25 E F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 153.6 Q F0 .01 -(Controls what happens when readline w)144 165.6 R .011 -(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .011(If set to)5.011 F F1(none) -2.511 E F0 2.511(,r)C .011(eadline ne)-2.511 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E -.94(rings the bell.)144 177.6 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E -F0 3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25 -(va)-.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F1(audible)3.44 E F0 -(,)A(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 189.6 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G -(ell.)-2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 201.6 Q F0 -.055(If set to)144 213.6 R F1(On)2.555 E F0 2.555(,r)C .056(eadline att\ -empts to bind the control characters treated specially by the k)-2.555 F -(ernel')-.1 E 2.556(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.556 E(nal dri)144 225.6 Q -.15 +F -.25(va)-.25 G .468(lent to).25 F F1(Off)2.968 E F0 5.468(.T)C .468 +(he v)-5.468 F .468(ariables and their def)-.25 F(ault)-.1 E -.25(va)108 +177.6 S(lues are:).25 E F1(bell\255style \(audible\))108 194.4 Q F0 .011 +(Controls what happens when readline w)144 206.4 R .011 +(ants to ring the terminal bell.)-.1 F .01(If set to)5.01 F F1(none)2.51 +E F0 2.51(,r)C .01(eadline ne)-2.51 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .94 +(rings the bell.)144 218.4 R .94(If set to)5.94 F F1(visible)3.44 E F0 +3.44(,r)C .94(eadline uses a visible bell if one is a)-3.44 F -.25(va) +-.2 G 3.44(ilable. If).25 F .94(set to)3.44 F F1(audible)3.44 E F0(,)A +(readline attempts to ring the terminal')144 230.4 Q 2.5(sb)-.55 G(ell.) +-2.5 E F1(bind\255tty\255special\255chars \(On\))108 242.4 Q F0 .056 +(If set to)144 254.4 R F1(On)2.556 E F0 2.556(,r)C .056(eadline attempt\ +s to bind the control characters treated specially by the k)-2.556 F +(ernel')-.1 E 2.555(st)-.55 G(ermi-)-2.555 E(nal dri)144 266.4 Q -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(heir readline equi)-2.5 E -.25(va) --.25 G(lents.).25 E F1(blink\255matching\255par)108 237.6 Q(en \(Off\)) --.18 E F0 .21(If set to)144 249.6 R F1(On)2.71 E F0 2.71(,r)C .21 +-.25 G(lents.).25 E F1(blink\255matching\255par)108 278.4 Q(en \(Off\)) +-.18 E F0 .21(If set to)144 290.4 R F1(On)2.71 E F0 2.71(,r)C .21 (eadline attempts to brie\215y mo)-2.71 F .51 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .21 (he cursor to an opening parenthesis when a closing).15 F -(parenthesis is inserted.)144 261.6 Q F1(color)108 273.6 Q +(parenthesis is inserted.)144 302.4 Q F1(color)108 314.4 Q (ed\255completion\255pr)-.18 E(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .515(If set to) -144 285.6 R F1(On)3.015 E F0 3.015(,w)C .515(hen listing completions, r\ +144 326.4 R F1(On)3.015 E F0 3.015(,w)C .515(hen listing completions, r\ eadline displays the common pre\214x of the set of possible)-3.015 F -2.936(completions using a dif)144 297.6 R 2.936(ferent color)-.25 F -7.936(.T)-.55 G 2.936(he color de\214nitions are tak)-7.936 F 2.935 -(en from the v)-.1 F 2.935(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LS_COLORS)144 309.6 Q -F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(color)108 321.6 Q -(ed\255stats \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.579(If set to)144 333.6 R F1(On)4.079 E -F0 4.079(,r)C 1.579(eadline displays possible completions using dif) --4.079 F 1.58(ferent colors to indicate their \214le)-.25 F 2.5 -(type. The)144 345.6 R(color de\214nitions are tak)2.5 E(en from the v) --.1 E(alue of the)-.25 E F1(LS_COLORS)2.5 E F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 -E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(comment\255begin \(`)108 357.6 Q(`#')-.63 E('\)) --.63 E F0 .885(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 369.6 R -F1(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .884(command is e)3.384 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -3.384(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 381.6 Q F1 +2.935(completions using a dif)144 338.4 R 2.935(ferent color)-.25 F +7.936(.T)-.55 G 2.936(he color de\214nitions are tak)-7.936 F 2.936 +(en from the v)-.1 F 2.936(alue of the)-.25 F F1(LS_COLORS)144 350.4 Q +F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(color)108 362.4 Q +(ed\255stats \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.58(If set to)144 374.4 R F1(On)4.08 E +F0 4.08(,r)C 1.579(eadline displays possible completions using dif)-4.08 +F 1.579(ferent colors to indicate their \214le)-.25 F 2.5(type. The)144 +386.4 R(color de\214nitions are tak)2.5 E(en from the v)-.1 E +(alue of the)-.25 E F1(LS_COLORS)2.5 E F0(en)2.5 E(vironment v)-.4 E +(ariable.)-.25 E F1(comment\255begin \(`)108 398.4 Q(`#')-.63 E('\))-.63 +E F0 .884(The string that is inserted when the readline)144 410.4 R F1 +(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .885(command is e)3.385 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +3.385(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.385 E(mand is bound to)144 422.4 Q F1 (M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F1(#)2.5 E F0 (in vi command mode.)2.5 E F1(completion\255display\255width \(-1\))108 -393.6 Q F0 1.453(The number of screen columns used to display possible \ -matches when performing completion.)144 405.6 R .194(The v)144 417.6 R +434.4 Q F0 1.453(The number of screen columns used to display possible \ +matches when performing completion.)144 446.4 R .193(The v)144 458.4 R .193(alue is ignored if it is less than 0 or greater than the terminal \ -screen width.)-.25 F 2.693(Av)5.193 G .193(alue of 0 will)-2.943 F -(cause matches to be displayed one per line.)144 429.6 Q(The def)5 E -(ault v)-.1 E(alue is -1.)-.25 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 441.6 Q -(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 453.6 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5 +screen width.)-.25 F 2.694(Av)5.194 G .194(alue of 0 will)-2.944 F +(cause matches to be displayed one per line.)144 470.4 Q(The def)5 E +(ault v)-.1 E(alue is -1.)-.25 E F1(completion\255ignor)108 482.4 Q +(e\255case \(Off\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 494.4 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5 (,r)C(eadline performs \214lename matching and completion in a case\255\ insensiti)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.25 H(ashion.).05 E F1 -(completion\255map\255case \(Off\))108 465.6 Q F0 .093(If set to)144 -477.6 R F1(On)2.593 E F0 2.593(,a)C(nd)-2.593 E F1(completion\255ignor) +(completion\255map\255case \(Off\))108 506.4 Q F0 .094(If set to)144 +518.4 R F1(On)2.593 E F0 2.593(,a)C(nd)-2.593 E F1(completion\255ignor) 2.593 E(e\255case)-.18 E F0 .093(is enabled, readline treats h)2.593 F -.093(yphens \()-.05 F F2<ad>A F0 2.593(\)a)C .094(nd underscores)-2.593 -F(\()144 489.6 Q F2(_)A F0 2.5(\)a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G(qui)-2.5 E -.25(va) +.093(yphens \()-.05 F F2<ad>A F0 2.593(\)a)C .093(nd underscores)-2.593 +F(\()144 530.4 Q F2(_)A F0 2.5(\)a)C 2.5(se)-2.5 G(qui)-2.5 E -.25(va) -.25 G(lent when performing case\255insensiti).25 E .3 -.15(ve \214)-.25 -H(lename matching and completion.).15 E F1(completion\255pr)108 501.6 Q +H(lename matching and completion.).15 E F1(completion\255pr)108 542.4 Q (e\214x\255display\255length \(0\))-.18 E F0 .829(The length in charact\ ers of the common pre\214x of a list of possible completions that is di\ -splayed)144 513.6 R 1.274(without modi\214cation.)144 525.6 R 1.274 -(When set to a v)6.274 F 1.274(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x) --.25 F 1.275(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 537.6 S(lue are rep\ +splayed)144 554.4 R 1.275(without modi\214cation.)144 566.4 R 1.275 +(When set to a v)6.275 F 1.274(alue greater than zero, common pre\214x) +-.25 F 1.274(es longer than this)-.15 F -.25(va)144 578.4 S(lue are rep\ laced with an ellipsis when displaying possible completions.).25 E F1 -(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 549.6 Q F0 .53 -(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 561.6 R .529 -(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .56(erated by the) -144 573.6 R F1(possible\255completions)3.06 E F0 3.06(command. It)3.06 F -.561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.061(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.061 E .561(ger v) --.15 F .561(alue greater than or)-.25 F .783(equal to zero.)144 585.6 R -.783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or equal to \ -the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 597.6 S .237 +(completion\255query\255items \(100\))108 590.4 Q F0 .529 +(This determines when the user is queried about vie)144 602.4 R .53 +(wing the number of possible completions gen-)-.25 F .561(erated by the) +144 614.4 R F1(possible\255completions)3.061 E F0 3.061(command. It) +3.061 F .561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.06(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.06 E .56 +(ger v)-.15 F .56(alue greater than or)-.25 F .782(equal to zero.)144 +626.4 R .783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or e\ +qual to the v)5.782 F .783(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 638.4 S .237 (riable, the user is ask).25 F .237(ed whether or not he wishes to vie) -.1 F 2.737(wt)-.25 G .237(hem; otherwise the)-2.737 F 2.737(ya)-.15 G -.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 609.6 Q F1(con)108 -621.6 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .613(If set to)144 633.6 -R F1(On)3.113 E F0 3.113(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.113 F -.15(ve)-.4 -G .613(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .912 --.15(ey s)-.1 H .612(equence by).15 F .541 +.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 650.4 Q F1(con)108 +662.4 Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .612(If set to)144 674.4 +R F1(On)3.112 E F0 3.112(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.112 F -.15(ve)-.4 +G .613(rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .913 +-.15(ey s)-.1 H .613(equence by).15 F .541 (stripping the eighth bit and pre\214xing an escape character \(in ef) -144 645.6 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F F2 .542(meta pr)3.042 -F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 657.6 Q F0 2.5(\). The)B(def)2.5 E(ault is)-.1 E F2 +144 686.4 R .541(fect, using escape as the)-.25 F F2 .541(meta pr)3.041 +F(e-)-.37 E<8c78>144 698.4 Q F0 2.5(\). The)B(def)2.5 E(ault is)-.1 E F2 (On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut readline will set it to)-2.7 E F2(Of)2.5 E(f) --.18 E F0(if the locale contains eight-bit characters.)2.5 E F1 -(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 669.6 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 681.6 R -F1(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C .038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038 -(ord completion.)-.1 F .038 -(Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the) -144 693.6 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 705.6 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0 -1.21(When set to)144 717.6 R F1(On)3.71 E F0 3.71(,o)C 3.71(no)-3.71 G -1.211(perating systems that indicate the)-3.71 F 3.711(ys)-.15 G 1.211 -(upport it, readline echoes a character)-3.711 F -(corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 729.6 Q -.15(ey)-.1 -G(board.).15 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(39)197.335 E -0 Cg EP +-.18 E F0(if the locale contains eight-bit characters.)2.5 E +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(39)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 40 40 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 84 Q F0 .142 -(Controls whether readline be)144 96 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15 F +SF(disable\255completion \(Off\))108 84 Q F0 .038(If set to)144 96 R F1 +(On)2.538 E F0 2.538(,r)C .038(eadline will inhibit w)-2.538 F .038 +(ord completion.)-.1 F .038 +(Completion characters will be inserted into the)5.038 F(line as if the) +144 108 Q 2.5(yh)-.15 G(ad been mapped to)-2.5 E F1(self-insert)2.5 E F0 +(.)A F1(echo\255contr)108 120 Q(ol\255characters \(On\))-.18 E F0 1.211 +(When set to)144 132 R F1(On)3.711 E F0 3.711(,o)C 3.711(no)-3.711 G +1.211(perating systems that indicate the)-3.711 F 3.711(ys)-.15 G 1.21 +(upport it, readline echoes a character)-3.711 F +(corresponding to a signal generated from the k)144 144 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G +(board.).15 E F1(editing\255mode \(emacs\))108 156 Q F0 .141 +(Controls whether readline be)144 168 R .141(gins with a set of k)-.15 F .441 -.15(ey b)-.1 H .141(indings similar to).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 -SF(Emacs)2.641 E F0(or)2.641 E F2(vi)2.641 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode) -5.141 E F0(can be set to either)144 108 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1 -(vi)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(enable\255brack)108 120 Q(eted\255paste \(Off\))-.1 -E F0 1.221(When set to)144 132 R F1(On)3.721 E F0 3.721(,r)C 1.221 +SF(Emacs)2.642 E F0(or)2.642 E F2(vi)2.642 E F0(.)A F1(editing\255mode) +5.142 E F0(can be set to either)144 180 Q F1(emacs)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1 +(vi)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(enable\255brack)108 192 Q(eted\255paste \(Off\))-.1 +E F0 1.222(When set to)144 204 R F1(On)3.721 E F0 3.721(,r)C 1.221 (eadline will con\214gure the terminal in a w)-3.721 F 1.221 (ay that will enable it to insert each)-.1 F .353 -(paste into the editing b)144 144 R(uf)-.2 E .353(fer as a single strin\ -g of characters, instead of treating each character as if)-.25 F .543 -(it had been read from the k)144 156 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.043(board. This) -.15 F .543(can pre)3.043 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .544 +(paste into the editing b)144 216 R(uf)-.2 E .353(fer as a single strin\ +g of characters, instead of treating each character as if)-.25 F .544 +(it had been read from the k)144 228 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 3.043(board. This) +.15 F .543(can pre)3.043 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .543 (nt pasted characters from being interpreted as).15 F(editing commands.) -144 168 Q F1(enable\255k)108 180 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .893 -(When set to)144 192 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893 +144 240 Q F1(enable\255k)108 252 Q(eypad \(Off\))-.1 E F0 .892 +(When set to)144 264 R F1(On)3.393 E F0 3.393(,r)C .893 (eadline will try to enable the application k)-3.393 F -.15(ey)-.1 G -.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .892(Some sys-)5.893 F -(tems need this to enable the arro)144 204 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6 -G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 216 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0 .64 -(When set to)144 228 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64 +.893(pad when it is called.).15 F .893(Some sys-)5.893 F +(tems need this to enable the arro)144 276 Q 2.5(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)-2.6 +G(s.).15 E F1(enable\255meta\255k)108 288 Q(ey \(On\))-.1 E F0 .64 +(When set to)144 300 R F1(On)3.14 E F0 3.14(,r)C .64 (eadline will try to enable an)-3.14 F 3.14(ym)-.15 G .64 (eta modi\214er k)-3.14 F .94 -.15(ey t)-.1 H .64 -(he terminal claims to support).15 F(when it is called.)144 240 Q +(he terminal claims to support).15 F(when it is called.)144 312 Q (On man)5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G(erminals, the meta k)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.5(su).15 G(sed to send eight-bit characters.)-2.5 E F1 -(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 252 Q F0(If set to)144 264 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 +(expand\255tilde \(Off\))108 324 Q F0(If set to)144 336 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(ilde e)-2.5 E(xpansion is performed when readline attempts w) --.15 E(ord completion.)-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 276 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1 -(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.339(If set to)144 288 R F1(On) -3.839 E F0 3.839(,t)C 1.338(he history code attempts to place point at \ -the same location on each history line)-3.839 F(retrie)144 300 Q -.15 +-.15 E(ord completion.)-.1 E F1(history\255pr)108 348 Q(eser)-.18 E -.1 +(ve)-.1 G(\255point \(Off\)).1 E F0 1.338(If set to)144 360 R F1(On) +3.838 E F0 3.838(,t)C 1.338(he history code attempts to place point at \ +the same location on each history line)-3.838 F(retrie)144 372 Q -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E -.15(ev)-.18 G (ious-history).15 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(history\255size \(unset\))108 312 Q F0 .948 -(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 324 R -.15(ve)-.2 G -3.448(di).15 G 3.448(nt)-3.448 G .948(he history list.)-3.448 F .949 -(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.449(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.599 E .483 -(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 336 R 2.983(we)-.25 G .483 -(ntries are sa)-2.983 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.983(d. If).15 F .482(set to a v) -2.983 F .482(alue less than zero, the num-)-.25 F .277 -(ber of history entries is not limited.)144 348 R .277(By def)5.277 F -.278(ault, the number of history entries is set to the v)-.1 F .278 -(alue of)-.25 F(the)144 360 Q F1(HISTSIZE)3.411 E F0 .911(shell v)3.411 -F 3.411(ariable. If)-.25 F .911(an attempt is made to set)3.411 F F2 -(history\255size)3.41 E F0 .91(to a non-numeric v)3.41 F(alue,)-.25 E -(the maximum number of history entries will be set to 500.)144 372 Q F1 -(horizontal\255scr)108 384 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .448 -(When set to)144 396 R F1(On)2.948 E F0 2.948(,m)C(ak)-2.948 E .448 -(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .449 +(history\255size \(unset\))108 384 Q F0 .949 +(Set the maximum number of history entries sa)144 396 R -.15(ve)-.2 G +3.448(di).15 G 3.448(nt)-3.448 G .948(he history list.)-3.448 F .948 +(If set to zero, an)5.948 F 3.448(ye)-.15 G(xisting)-3.598 E .482 +(history entries are deleted and no ne)144 408 R 2.982(we)-.25 G .483 +(ntries are sa)-2.982 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.983(d. If).15 F .483(set to a v) +2.983 F .483(alue less than zero, the num-)-.25 F .278 +(ber of history entries is not limited.)144 420 R .277(By def)5.278 F +.277(ault, the number of history entries is set to the v)-.1 F .277 +(alue of)-.25 F(the)144 432 Q F1(HISTSIZE)3.41 E F0 .91(shell v)3.41 F +3.41(ariable. If)-.25 F .911(an attempt is made to set)3.41 F F2 +(history\255size)3.411 E F0 .911(to a non-numeric v)3.411 F(alue,)-.25 E +(the maximum number of history entries will be set to 500.)144 444 Q F1 +(horizontal\255scr)108 456 Q(oll\255mode \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .449 +(When set to)144 468 R F1(On)2.949 E F0 2.949(,m)C(ak)-2.949 E .448 +(es readline use a single line for display)-.1 F 2.948(,s)-.65 G .448 (crolling the input horizontally on a)-2.948 F 1.194(single screen line\ when it becomes longer than the screen width rather than wrapping to a\ - ne)144 408 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 420 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 432 -Q F0 1.061(If set to)144 444 R F1(On)3.561 E F0 3.561(,r)C 1.062(eadlin\ + ne)144 480 R(w)-.25 E(line.)144 492 Q F1(input\255meta \(Off\))108 504 +Q F0 1.062(If set to)144 516 R F1(On)3.562 E F0 3.562(,r)C 1.061(eadlin\ e will enable eight-bit input \(that is, it will not strip the eighth b\ -it from the)-3.561 F .336(characters it reads\), re)144 456 R -.05(ga) +it from the)-3.562 F .335(characters it reads\), re)144 528 R -.05(ga) -.15 G .335(rdless of what the terminal claims it can support.).05 F -.335(The name)5.335 F F1(meta\255\215ag)2.835 E F0(is)2.835 E 2.864(as) -144 468 S(ynon)-2.864 E .364(ym for this v)-.15 F 2.864(ariable. The) +.336(The name)5.336 F F1(meta\255\215ag)2.836 E F0(is)2.836 E 2.865(as) +144 540 S(ynon)-2.865 E .365(ym for this v)-.15 F 2.864(ariable. The) -.25 F(def)2.864 E .364(ault is)-.1 F F2(Of)2.864 E(f)-.18 E F0 2.864 -(,b)C .364(ut readline will set it to)-3.064 F F2(On)2.864 E F0 .365 -(if the locale contains)2.865 F(eight-bit characters.)144 480 Q F1 -(isear)108 492 Q(ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('\)) +(,b)C .364(ut readline will set it to)-3.064 F F2(On)2.864 E F0 .364 +(if the locale contains)2.864 F(eight-bit characters.)144 552 Q F1 +(isear)108 564 Q(ch\255terminators \(`)-.18 E(`C\255[C\255J')-.63 E('\)) -.63 E F0 .439(The string of characters that should terminate an increm\ -ental search without subsequently e)144 504 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E -.934(ing the character as a command.)144 516 R .935(If this v)5.935 F -.935(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.435(nav).15 G .935 -(alue, the characters)-3.685 F F2(ESC)3.435 E F0(and)144 528 Q F2 +ental search without subsequently e)144 576 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cut-).15 E +.935(ing the character as a command.)144 588 R .935(If this v)5.935 F +.935(ariable has not been gi)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.434(nav).15 G .934 +(alue, the characters)-3.684 F F2(ESC)3.434 E F0(and)144 600 Q F2 (C\255J)2.5 E F0(will terminate an incremental search.)2.5 E F1 -.1(ke) -108 540 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.021(Set the current readline k)144 -552 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021 -(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021(map names is).15 F F2 2.02 -(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.52 F(d,)-.37 E .068 -(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 564 R F0 2.568(,a)C +108 612 S(ymap \(emacs\)).1 E F0 2.02(Set the current readline k)144 624 +R -.15(ey)-.1 G 4.521(map. The).15 F 2.021(set of v)4.521 F 2.021 +(alid k)-.25 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.021(map names is).15 F F2 2.021 +(emacs, emacs\255standar)4.521 F(d,)-.37 E .069 +(emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255command)144 636 R F0 2.568(,a)C (nd)-2.568 E F2(vi\255insert)2.568 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)5.068 E F0 .068 (is equi)2.568 F -.25(va)-.25 G .068(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command) -2.569 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.569 E F0 1.544(is equi)144 576 R -.25(va)-.25 -G 1.544(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C +2.568 E F0(;)A F2(emacs)2.568 E F0 1.543(is equi)144 648 R -.25(va)-.25 +G 1.543(lent to).25 F F2(emacs\255standar)4.044 E(d)-.37 E F0 6.544(.T)C 1.544(he def)-6.544 F 1.544(ault v)-.1 F 1.544(alue is)-.25 F F2(emacs) 4.044 E F0 4.044(;t).27 G 1.544(he v)-4.044 F 1.544(alue of)-.25 F F1 -(editing\255mode)4.043 E F0(also)4.043 E(af)144 588 Q(fects the def)-.25 +(editing\255mode)4.044 E F0(also)4.044 E(af)144 660 Q(fects the def)-.25 E(ault k)-.1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(map.).15 E F1 -(emacs\255mode\255string \(@\))108 600 Q F0 .051(This string is display\ +(emacs\255mode\255string \(@\))108 672 Q F0 .051(This string is display\ ed immediately before the last line of the primary prompt when emacs ed\ -iting)144 612 R .293(mode is acti)144 624 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.293(.T).15 -G .293(he v)-5.293 F .293(alue is e)-.25 F .293(xpanded lik)-.15 F 2.793 +iting)144 684 R .292(mode is acti)144 696 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.292(.T).15 +G .292(he v)-5.292 F .293(alue is e)-.25 F .293(xpanded lik)-.15 F 2.793 (eak)-.1 G .593 -.15(ey b)-2.893 H .293 -(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control).15 F(pre\214x)144 636 -Q .601(es and backslash escape sequences is a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 3.101 -(ilable. Use).25 F .601(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)3.101 F .602 +(inding, so the standard set of meta- and control).15 F(pre\214x)144 708 +Q .602(es and backslash escape sequences is a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 3.101 +(ilable. Use).25 F .601(the \\1 and \\2 escapes to be)3.101 F .601 (gin and end)-.15 F .019(sequences of non-printing characters, which ca\ -n be used to embed a terminal control sequence into)144 648 R -(the mode string.)144 660 Q F1 -.1(ke)108 672 S(yseq\255timeout \(500\)) -.1 E F0 .367(Speci\214es the duration)144 684 R F2 -.37(re)2.867 G -(adline).37 E F0 .367(will w)2.867 F .367 -(ait for a character when reading an ambiguous k)-.1 F .668 -.15(ey s) --.1 H(equence).15 E 1.356(\(one that can form a complete k)144 696 R -1.656 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.356(equence using the input read so f).15 F(ar) --.1 E 3.856(,o)-.4 G 3.856(rc)-3.856 G 1.355(an tak)-3.856 F 3.855(ea) --.1 G(dditional)-3.855 E .32(input to complete a longer k)144 708 R .62 --.15(ey s)-.1 H 2.82(equence\). If).15 F .32(no input is recei)2.82 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(dw).15 G .32(ithin the timeout,)-2.82 F F2 -.37(re) -2.82 G(adline).37 E F0(will)2.82 E .907(use the shorter b)144 720 R .907 -(ut complete k)-.2 F 1.207 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.407(equence. The).15 F -.25 -(va)3.407 G .907(lue is speci\214ed in milliseconds, so a v).25 F .906 -(alue of)-.25 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(40)197.335 E -0 Cg EP +n be used to embed a terminal control sequence into)144 720 R +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(40)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 41 41 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .05 -(1000 means that)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37(re)2.55 G(adline) +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(the mode string.) +144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.1(ke)108 96 S(yseq\255timeout \(500\)) +.1 E F0 .368(Speci\214es the duration)144 108 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +-.37(re)2.867 G(adline).37 E F0 .367(will w)2.867 F .367 +(ait for a character when reading an ambiguous k)-.1 F .667 -.15(ey s) +-.1 H(equence).15 E 1.356(\(one that can form a complete k)144 120 R +1.656 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.356(equence using the input read so f).15 F(ar) +-.1 E 3.856(,o)-.4 G 3.856(rc)-3.856 G 1.356(an tak)-3.856 F 3.856(ea) +-.1 G(dditional)-3.856 E .32(input to complete a longer k)144 132 R .62 +-.15(ey s)-.1 H 2.82(equence\). If).15 F .32(no input is recei)2.82 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(dw).15 G .32(ithin the timeout,)-2.82 F F2 -.37(re) +2.82 G(adline).37 E F0(will)2.82 E .906(use the shorter b)144 144 R .907 +(ut complete k)-.2 F 1.207 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 3.407(equence. The).15 F -.25 +(va)3.407 G .907(lue is speci\214ed in milliseconds, so a v).25 F .907 +(alue of)-.25 F .05(1000 means that)144 156 R F2 -.37(re)2.55 G(adline) .37 E F0 .05(will w)2.55 F .05(ait one second for additional input.)-.1 F .05(If this v)5.05 F .05(ariable is set to a v)-.25 F(alue)-.25 E .051 -(less than or equal to zero, or to a non-numeric v)144 96 R(alue,)-.25 E -F1 -.37(re)2.551 G(adline).37 E F0 .051(will w)2.551 F .051 -(ait until another k)-.1 F .351 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.551(sp).15 G(ressed) --2.551 E(to decide which k)144 108 Q .3 -.15(ey s)-.1 H -(equence to complete.).15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(mark\255dir)108 120 Q -(ectories \(On\))-.18 E F0(If set to)144 132 Q F2(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C +(less than or equal to zero, or to a non-numeric v)144 168 R(alue,)-.25 +E F2 -.37(re)2.551 G(adline).37 E F0 .051(will w)2.551 F .051 +(ait until another k)-.1 F .352 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 2.552(sp).15 G(ressed) +-2.552 E(to decide which k)144 180 Q .3 -.15(ey s)-.1 H +(equence to complete.).15 E F1(mark\255dir)108 192 Q(ectories \(On\)) +-.18 E F0(If set to)144 204 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,c)C (ompleted directory names ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a s)-.2 H(lash appended.) -.15 E F2(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 144 Q F0(If set to)144 -156 Q F2(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b) --.2 H(een modi\214ed are displayed with a preceding asterisk \().15 E F2 -(*)A F0(\).)A F2(mark\255symlink)108 168 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E -(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 180 R F2(On)2.675 E F0 +.15 E F1(mark\255modi\214ed\255lines \(Off\))108 216 Q F0(If set to)144 +228 Q F1(On)2.5 E F0 2.5(,h)C(istory lines that ha)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b) +-.2 H(een modi\214ed are displayed with a preceding asterisk \().15 E F1 +(*)A F0(\).)A F1(mark\255symlink)108 240 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E +(ectories \(Off\))-.18 E F0 .175(If set to)144 252 R F1(On)2.675 E F0 2.675(,c)C .175 (ompleted names which are symbolic links to directories ha)-2.675 F .475 --.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended \(sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 192 -Q(alue of)-.25 E F2(mark\255dir)2.5 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(\).)A F2 -(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On\))108 204 Q F0 .193(This v)144 216 R -.193(ariable, when set to)-.25 F F2(On)2.693 E F0 2.693(,c)C .192 -(auses readline to match \214les whose names be)-2.693 F .192 -(gin with a `.)-.15 F 2.692('\()-.7 G(hidden)-2.692 E .456 -(\214les\) when performing \214lename completion.)144 228 R .456 -(If set to)5.456 F F2(Off)2.956 E F0 2.956(,t)C .456(he leading `.) --2.956 F 2.956('m)-.7 G .457(ust be supplied by the)-2.956 F -(user in the \214lename to be completed.)144 240 Q F2 -(menu\255complete\255display\255pr)108 252 Q(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 -1.586(If set to)144 264 R F2(On)4.086 E F0 4.086(,m)C 1.585(enu complet\ +-.15(ve a s)-.2 H .175(lash appended \(sub-).15 F(ject to the v)144 264 +Q(alue of)-.25 E F1(mark\255dir)2.5 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(\).)A F1 +(match\255hidden\255\214les \(On\))108 276 Q F0 .192(This v)144 288 R +.192(ariable, when set to)-.25 F F1(On)2.692 E F0 2.692(,c)C .192 +(auses readline to match \214les whose names be)-2.692 F .193 +(gin with a `.)-.15 F 2.693('\()-.7 G(hidden)-2.693 E .457 +(\214les\) when performing \214lename completion.)144 300 R .456 +(If set to)5.456 F F1(Off)2.956 E F0 2.956(,t)C .456(he leading `.) +-2.956 F 2.956('m)-.7 G .456(ust be supplied by the)-2.956 F +(user in the \214lename to be completed.)144 312 Q F1 +(menu\255complete\255display\255pr)108 324 Q(e\214x \(Off\))-.18 E F0 +1.585(If set to)144 336 R F1(On)4.085 E F0 4.085(,m)C 1.585(enu complet\ ion displays the common pre\214x of the list of possible completions) --4.086 F(\(which may be empty\) before c)144 276 Q -(ycling through the list.)-.15 E F2(output\255meta \(Off\))108 288 Q F0 -.506(If set to)144 300 R F2(On)3.006 E F0 3.006(,r)C .507(eadline will \ +-4.085 F(\(which may be empty\) before c)144 348 Q +(ycling through the list.)-.15 E F1(output\255meta \(Off\))108 360 Q F0 +.507(If set to)144 372 R F1(On)3.007 E F0 3.007(,r)C .507(eadline will \ display characters with the eighth bit set directly rather than as a me\ -ta-)-3.006 F(pre\214x)144 312 Q .885(ed escape sequence.)-.15 F .884 -(The def)5.884 F .884(ault is)-.1 F F1(Of)3.384 E(f)-.18 E F0 3.384(,b)C -.884(ut readline will set it to)-3.584 F F1(On)3.384 E F0 .884 -(if the locale contains)3.384 F(eight-bit characters.)144 324 Q F2 -(page\255completions \(On\))108 336 Q F0 .808(If set to)144 348 R F2(On) -3.308 E F0 3.308(,r)C .808(eadline uses an internal)-3.308 F F1(mor) +ta-)-3.007 F(pre\214x)144 384 Q .884(ed escape sequence.)-.15 F .884 +(The def)5.884 F .884(ault is)-.1 F F2(Of)3.384 E(f)-.18 E F0 3.384(,b)C +.884(ut readline will set it to)-3.584 F F2(On)3.384 E F0 .885 +(if the locale contains)3.384 F(eight-bit characters.)144 396 Q F1 +(page\255completions \(On\))108 408 Q F0 .809(If set to)144 420 R F1(On) +3.308 E F0 3.308(,r)C .808(eadline uses an internal)-3.308 F F2(mor) 3.308 E(e)-.37 E F0(-lik)A 3.308(ep)-.1 G .808 (ager to display a screenful of possible comple-)-3.308 F -(tions at a time.)144 360 Q F2 -(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 372 Q F0 1.319 -(If set to)144 384 R F2(On)3.819 E F0 3.819(,r)C 1.318(eadline will dis\ -play completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical)-3.819 -F(order)144 396 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E(wn the screen.)-.25 -E F2 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 408 T(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E -F0 .698(If set to)144 420 R F2(On)3.198 E F0 3.198(,r)C .699 +(tions at a time.)144 432 Q F1 +(print\255completions\255horizontally \(Off\))108 444 Q F0 1.318 +(If set to)144 456 R F1(On)3.818 E F0 3.818(,r)C 1.319(eadline will dis\ +play completions with matches sorted horizontally in alphabetical)-3.818 +F(order)144 468 Q 2.5(,r)-.4 G(ather than do)-2.5 E(wn the screen.)-.25 +E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 480 T(ert\255all\255at\255newline \(Off\)).08 E +F0 .699(If set to)144 492 R F1(On)3.199 E F0 3.199(,r)C .699 (eadline will undo all changes to history lines before returning when) --3.198 F F2(accept\255line)3.199 E F0(is)3.199 E -.15(exe)144 432 S +-3.199 F F1(accept\255line)3.198 E F0(is)3.198 E -.15(exe)144 504 S 2.686(cuted. By).15 F(def)2.686 E .186 (ault, history lines may be modi\214ed and retain indi)-.1 F .186 -(vidual undo lists across calls to)-.25 F F2 -.18(re)144 444 S(adline) -.18 E F0(.)A F2(sho)108 456 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous \(Off\))-.1 E -F0 .303(This alters the def)144 468 R .303(ault beha)-.1 F .304 -(vior of the completion functions.)-.2 F .304(If set to)5.304 F F2(On) -2.804 E F0 2.804(,w)C .304(ords which ha)-2.904 F .604 -.15(ve m)-.2 H +(vidual undo lists across calls to)-.25 F F1 -.18(re)144 516 S(adline) +.18 E F0(.)A F1(sho)108 528 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous \(Off\))-.1 E +F0 .304(This alters the def)144 540 R .304(ault beha)-.1 F .304 +(vior of the completion functions.)-.2 F .304(If set to)5.304 F F1(On) +2.804 E F0 2.803(,w)C .303(ords which ha)-2.903 F .603 -.15(ve m)-.2 H (ore).15 E 1.264(than one possible completion cause the matches to be l\ -isted immediately instead of ringing the)144 480 R(bell.)144 492 Q F2 -(sho)108 504 Q(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.345 -(This alters the def)144 516 R 5.345(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345 -(vior of the completion functions in a f)-.2 F 5.346(ashion similar to) --.1 F F2(sho)144 528 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.691(.I)C -4.191(fs)-6.691 G 1.691(et to)-4.191 F F2(On)4.191 E F0 4.191(,w)C 1.691 +isted immediately instead of ringing the)144 552 R(bell.)144 564 Q F1 +(sho)108 576 Q(w\255all\255if\255unmodi\214ed \(Off\))-.1 E F0 5.346 +(This alters the def)144 588 R 5.346(ault beha)-.1 F 5.345 +(vior of the completion functions in a f)-.2 F 5.345(ashion similar to) +-.1 F F1(sho)144 600 Q(w\255all\255if\255ambiguous)-.1 E F0 6.69(.I)C +4.19(fs)-6.69 G 1.691(et to)-4.19 F F1(On)4.191 E F0 4.191(,w)C 1.691 (ords which ha)-4.291 F 1.991 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.691 -(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.039(without an)144 540 R 3.539 +(ore than one possible completion).15 F 1.04(without an)144 612 R 3.54 (yp)-.15 G 1.039 -(ossible partial completion \(the possible completions don')-3.539 F -3.539(ts)-.18 G 1.04(hare a common pre\214x\))-3.539 F(cause the matche\ -s to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 552 Q F2 -(sho)108 564 Q(w\255mode\255in\255pr)-.1 E(ompt \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.019 -(If set to)144 576 R F2(On)3.519 E F0 3.519(,a)C 1.018 -(dd a character to the be)-3.519 F 1.018 +(ossible partial completion \(the possible completions don')-3.54 F +3.539(ts)-.18 G 1.039(hare a common pre\214x\))-3.539 F(cause the match\ +es to be listed immediately instead of ringing the bell.)144 624 Q F1 +(sho)108 636 Q(w\255mode\255in\255pr)-.1 E(ompt \(Off\))-.18 E F0 1.018 +(If set to)144 648 R F1(On)3.518 E F0 3.518(,a)C 1.018 +(dd a character to the be)-3.518 F 1.018 (ginning of the prompt indicating the editing mode: emacs)-.15 F -(\(@\), vi command \(:\) or vi insertion \(+\).)144 588 Q F2 -(skip\255completed\255text \(Off\))108 600 Q F0 .094(If set to)144 612 R -F2(On)2.594 E F0 2.594(,t)C .095(his alters the def)-2.594 F .095 -(ault completion beha)-.1 F .095 -(vior when inserting a single match into the line.)-.2 F(It')144 624 Q -2.546(so)-.55 G .046(nly acti)-2.546 F .346 -.15(ve w)-.25 H .046 -(hen performing completion in the middle of a w).15 F 2.545(ord. If)-.1 -F .045(enabled, readline does not)2.545 F 1.394(insert characters from \ -the completion that match characters after point in the w)144 636 R -1.395(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, so portions of the w)144 648 Q -(ord follo)-.1 E(wing the cursor are not duplicated.)-.25 E F2 -(vi\255cmd\255mode\255string \(\(cmd\)\))108 660 Q F0 1.198(This string\ - is displayed immediately before the last line of the primary prompt wh\ -en vi editing)144 672 R .521(mode is acti)144 684 R .821 -.15(ve a)-.25 -H .522(nd in command mode.).15 F .522(The v)5.522 F .522(alue is e)-.25 -F .522(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.022(eak)-.1 G .822 -.15(ey b)-3.122 H .522 -(inding, so the standard).15 F .87(set of meta- and control pre\214x)144 -696 R .869(es and backslash escape sequences is a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G -3.369(ilable. Use).25 F .869(the \\1 and \\2)3.369 F .386(escapes to be) -144 708 R .386(gin and end sequences of non-printing characters, which \ -can be used to embed a ter)-.15 F(-)-.2 E -(minal control sequence into the mode string.)144 720 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 -768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(41)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(\(@\), vi command \(:\) or vi insertion \(+\).)144 660 Q F1 +(skip\255completed\255text \(Off\))108 672 Q F0 .095(If set to)144 684 R +F1(On)2.595 E F0 2.595(,t)C .095(his alters the def)-2.595 F .095 +(ault completion beha)-.1 F .094 +(vior when inserting a single match into the line.)-.2 F(It')144 696 Q +2.545(so)-.55 G .045(nly acti)-2.545 F .345 -.15(ve w)-.25 H .046 +(hen performing completion in the middle of a w).15 F 2.546(ord. If)-.1 +F .046(enabled, readline does not)2.546 F 1.394(insert characters from \ +the completion that match characters after point in the w)144 708 R +1.394(ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, so portions of the w)144 720 Q +(ord follo)-.1 E(wing the cursor are not duplicated.)-.25 E +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(41)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 42 42 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(vi\255ins\255mode\255string \(\(ins\)\))108 84 Q F0 1.198(This strin\ +SF(vi\255cmd\255mode\255string \(\(cmd\)\))108 84 Q F0 1.198(This strin\ g is displayed immediately before the last line of the primary prompt w\ -hen vi editing)144 96 R .782(mode is acti)144 108 R 1.083 -.15(ve a)-.25 +hen vi editing)144 96 R .522(mode is acti)144 108 R .822 -.15(ve a)-.25 +H .522(nd in command mode.).15 F .522(The v)5.522 F .522(alue is e)-.25 +F .522(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.022(eak)-.1 G .821 -.15(ey b)-3.122 H .521 +(inding, so the standard).15 F .869(set of meta- and control pre\214x) +144 120 R .869(es and backslash escape sequences is a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 +G 3.37(ilable. Use).25 F .87(the \\1 and \\2)3.37 F .387(escapes to be) +144 132 R .386(gin and end sequences of non-printing characters, which \ +can be used to embed a ter)-.15 F(-)-.2 E +(minal control sequence into the mode string.)144 144 Q F1 +(vi\255ins\255mode\255string \(\(ins\)\))108 156 Q F0 1.198(This string\ + is displayed immediately before the last line of the primary prompt wh\ +en vi editing)144 168 R .783(mode is acti)144 180 R 1.083 -.15(ve a)-.25 H .783(nd in insertion mode.).15 F .783(The v)5.783 F .783(alue is e) -.25 F .783(xpanded lik)-.15 F 3.283(eak)-.1 G 1.083 -.15(ey b)-3.383 H -.783(inding, so the standard).15 F .87 -(set of meta- and control pre\214x)144 120 R .869 -(es and backslash escape sequences is a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 3.369 -(ilable. 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This)-.25 F .501(could be used to bind k)3.001 F +.801 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .5(equences to functions useful for a spe-).15 F +.396(ci\214c program.)180 516 R -.15(Fo)5.396 G 2.896(ri).15 G .396 (nstance, the follo)-2.896 F .396(wing command adds a k)-.25 F .696 -.15 -(ey s)-.1 H .396(equence that quotes the).15 F(current or pre)180 456 Q -(vious w)-.25 E(ord in)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(:)A F1($if)180 480 Q F0 -(Bash)2.5 E 2.5(#Q)180 492 S(uote the current or pre)-2.5 E(vious w)-.25 -E(ord)-.1 E("\\C\255xq": "\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")180 504 Q F1($endif)180 516 Q -($endif)108 532.8 Q F0(This command, as seen in the pre)144 532.8 Q +(ey s)-.1 H .397(equence that quotes the).15 F(current or pre)180 528 Q +(vious w)-.25 E(ord in)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(:)A F1($if)180 552 Q F0 +(Bash)2.5 E 2.5(#Q)180 564 S(uote the current or pre)-2.5 E(vious w)-.25 +E(ord)-.1 E("\\C\255xq": "\\eb\\"\\ef\\"")180 576 Q F1($endif)180 588 Q +($endif)108 604.8 Q F0(This command, as seen in the pre)144 604.8 Q (vious e)-.25 E(xample, terminates an)-.15 E F1($if)2.5 E F0(command.) -2.5 E F1($else)108 549.6 Q F0(Commands in this branch of the)144 549.6 Q +2.5 E F1($else)108 621.6 Q F0(Commands in this branch of the)144 621.6 Q F1($if)2.5 E F0(directi)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(re e).15 E -.15(xe) --.15 G(cuted if the test f).15 E(ails.)-.1 E F1($include)108 566.4 Q F0 -.356(This directi)144 578.4 R .656 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(ak).15 E .356 -(es a single \214lename as an ar)-.1 F .357 +-.15 G(cuted if the test f).15 E(ails.)-.1 E F1($include)108 638.4 Q F0 +.357(This directi)144 650.4 R .657 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(ak).15 E .357 +(es a single \214lename as an ar)-.1 F .356 (gument and reads commands and bindings from that)-.18 F 2.5(\214le. F) -144 590.4 R(or e)-.15 E(xample, the follo)-.15 E(wing directi)-.25 E .3 +144 662.4 R(or e)-.15 E(xample, the follo)-.15 E(wing directi)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve w)-.25 H(ould read).05 E F2(/etc/inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(:)A F1 -($include)144 614.4 Q F2(/etc/inputr)5.833 E(c)-.37 E F1(Sear)87 631.2 Q -(ching)-.18 E F0 .835(Readline pro)108 643.2 R .835 +($include)144 686.4 Q F2(/etc/inputr)5.833 E(c)-.37 E F1(Sear)87 703.2 Q +(ching)-.18 E F0 .834(Readline pro)108 715.2 R .834 (vides commands for searching through the command history \(see)-.15 F -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.334 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)3.084 E -.834(w\) for lines)-.25 F(containing a speci\214ed string.)108 655.2 Q +/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.335 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F0(belo)3.085 E +.835(w\) for lines)-.25 F(containing a speci\214ed string.)108 727.2 Q (There are tw)5 E 2.5(os)-.1 G(earch modes:)-2.5 E F2(incr)2.51 E (emental)-.37 E F0(and)3.01 E F2(non-incr)2.5 E(emental)-.37 E F0(.).51 -E .697(Incremental searches be)108 672 R .697 -(gin before the user has \214nished typing the search string.)-.15 F -.698(As each character of the)5.698 F .113 -(search string is typed, readline displays the ne)108 684 R .112 -(xt entry from the history matching the string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 -E 5.112(.A)-.55 G(n)-5.112 E .542 -(incremental search requires only as man)108 696 R 3.042(yc)-.15 G .542 -(haracters as needed to \214nd the desired history entry)-3.042 F 5.542 -(.T)-.65 G .542(he char)-5.542 F(-)-.2 E .224(acters present in the v) -108 708 R .224(alue of the)-.25 F F1(isear)2.724 E(ch-terminators)-.18 E -F0 -.25(va)2.724 G .224 -(riable are used to terminate an incremental search.).25 F 2.315 -(If that v)108 720 R 2.315(ariable has not been assigned a v)-.25 F -2.315(alue the Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an)-.25 F -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(42)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(42)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 43 43 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.34 -(incremental search.)108 84 R 1.34(Control-G will abort an incremental \ -search and restore the original line.)6.34 F 1.34(When the)6.34 F(searc\ -h is terminated, the history entry containing the search string becomes\ - the current line.)108 96 Q 2.938 -.8(To \214)108 112.8 T 1.339(nd othe\ -r matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or Control-R as \ -appropriate.).8 F 1.339(This will)6.339 F .675(search backw)108 124.8 R -.675(ard or forw)-.1 F .675(ard in the history for the ne)-.1 F .674 -(xt entry matching the search string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E 5.674 -(.A)-.55 G -.15(ny)-5.674 G .174(other k)108 136.8 R .474 -.15(ey s)-.1 -H .174 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .698 +(Incremental searches be)108 84 R .698 +(gin before the user has \214nished typing the search string.)-.15 F +.697(As each character of the)5.697 F .112 +(search string is typed, readline displays the ne)108 96 R .112 +(xt entry from the history matching the string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 +E 5.113(.A)-.55 G(n)-5.113 E .542 +(incremental search requires only as man)108 108 R 3.042(yc)-.15 G .542 +(haracters as needed to \214nd the desired history entry)-3.042 F 5.541 +(.T)-.65 G .541(he char)-5.541 F(-)-.2 E .224(acters present in the v) +108 120 R .224(alue of the)-.25 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(isear)2.724 E +(ch-terminators)-.18 E F0 -.25(va)2.724 G .224 +(riable are used to terminate an incremental search.).25 F .66 +(If that v)108 132 R .66(ariable has not been assigned a v)-.25 F .66 +(alue the Escape and Control-J characters will terminate an incre-)-.25 +F .096(mental search.)108 144 R .096(Control-G will abort an incrementa\ +l search and restore the original line.)5.096 F .097(When the search is) +5.097 F(terminated, the history entry containing the search string beco\ +mes the current line.)108 156 Q 2.939 -.8(To \214)108 172.8 T 1.339(nd \ +other matching entries in the history list, type Control-S or Control-R\ + as appropriate.).8 F 1.338(This will)6.338 F .674(search backw)108 +184.8 R .674(ard or forw)-.1 F .674(ard in the history for the ne)-.1 F +.675(xt entry matching the search string typed so f)-.15 F(ar)-.1 E +5.675(.A)-.55 G -.15(ny)-5.675 G .175(other k)108 196.8 R .475 -.15 +(ey s)-.1 H .174 (equence bound to a readline command will terminate the search and e).15 -F -.15(xe)-.15 G .175(cute that command.).15 F -.15(Fo)5.175 G(r).15 E -.541(instance, a)108 148.8 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ne)3.041 E(wline) --.15 E F0 .541(will terminate the search and accept the line, thereby e) -3.041 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .54(cuting the command from the).15 F -(history list.)108 160.8 Q .653 -(Readline remembers the last incremental search string.)108 177.6 R .653 -(If tw)5.653 F 3.153(oC)-.1 G .653(ontrol-Rs are typed without an)-3.153 -F 3.153(yi)-.15 G(nterv)-3.153 E(en-)-.15 E -(ing characters de\214ning a ne)108 189.6 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G +F -.15(xe)-.15 G .174(cute that command.).15 F -.15(Fo)5.174 G(r).15 E +.54(instance, a)108 208.8 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ne)3.04 E(wline)-.15 +E F0 .541(will terminate the search and accept the line, thereby e)3.04 +F -.15(xe)-.15 G .541(cuting the command from the).15 F(history list.) +108 220.8 Q .653(Readline remembers the last incremental search string.) +108 237.6 R .653(If tw)5.653 F 3.153(oC)-.1 G .653 +(ontrol-Rs are typed without an)-3.153 F 3.152(yi)-.15 G(nterv)-3.152 E +(en-)-.15 E(ing characters de\214ning a ne)108 249.6 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G (earch string, an)-2.5 E 2.5(yr)-.15 G(emembered search string is used.) -2.5 E .567(Non-incremental searches read the entire search string befo\ -re starting to search for matching history lines.)108 206.4 R(The searc\ +re starting to search for matching history lines.)108 266.4 R(The searc\ h string may be typed by the user or be part of the contents of the cur\ -rent line.)108 218.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Readline Command Names)87 -235.2 Q F0 1.391(The follo)108 247.2 R 1.391 +rent line.)108 278.4 Q F1(Readline Command Names)87 295.2 Q F0 1.392 +(The follo)108 307.2 R 1.391 (wing is a list of the names of the commands and the def)-.25 F 1.391 (ault k)-.1 F 1.691 -.15(ey s)-.1 H 1.391(equences to which the).15 F -3.892(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.892 E 2.622(bound. Command)108 259.2 R .122 -(names without an accompan)2.622 F .122(ying k)-.15 F .421 -.15(ey s)-.1 -H .121(equence are unbound by def).15 F 2.621(ault. In)-.1 F .121 -(the follo)2.621 F(wing)-.25 E(descriptions,)108 271.2 Q F1(point)3.41 E -F0 .91(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.41 F F1(mark)3.411 E -F0 .911(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.411(db) -.15 G 3.411(yt)-3.411 G(he)-3.411 E F2(set\255mark)108 283.2 Q F0 2.5 +3.891(ya)-.15 G(re)-3.891 E 2.621(bound. Command)108 319.2 R .121 +(names without an accompan)2.621 F .121(ying k)-.15 F .421 -.15(ey s)-.1 +H .122(equence are unbound by def).15 F 2.622(ault. In)-.1 F .122 +(the follo)2.622 F(wing)-.25 E(descriptions,)108 331.2 Q F2(point)3.411 +E F0 .911(refers to the current cursor position, and)3.411 F F2(mark) +3.411 E F0 .91(refers to a cursor position sa)3.411 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.41 +(db).15 G 3.41(yt)-3.41 G(he)-3.41 E F1(set\255mark)108 343.2 Q F0 2.5 (command. The)2.5 F(te)2.5 E -(xt between the point and mark is referred to as the)-.15 E F1 -.37(re) -2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A F2(Commands f)87 300 Q(or Mo)-.25 E(ving)-.1 E -(beginning\255of\255line \(C\255a\))108 312 Q F0(Mo)144 324 Q .3 -.15 -(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he start of the current line.)-2.5 E F2 -(end\255of\255line \(C\255e\))108 336 Q F0(Mo)144 348 Q .3 -.15(ve t) --.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the line.)-2.5 E F2 -.25(fo)108 360 S -(rward\255char \(C\255f\)).25 E F0(Mo)144 372 Q .3 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) -.15 E(ard a character)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F2(backward\255char \(C\255b\))108 -384 Q F0(Mo)144 396 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ack a character).15 E(.)-.55 E -F2 -.25(fo)108 408 S(rward\255w).25 E(ord \(M\255f\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 420 -Q .823 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw).15 E .523(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F -.523(xt w)-.15 F 3.023(ord. W)-.1 F .522 +(xt between the point and mark is referred to as the)-.15 E F2 -.37(re) +2.5 G(gion)-.03 E F0(.)A F1(Commands f)87 360 Q(or Mo)-.25 E(ving)-.1 E +(beginning\255of\255line \(C\255a\))108 372 Q F0(Mo)144 384 Q .3 -.15 +(ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he start of the current line.)-2.5 E F1 +(end\255of\255line \(C\255e\))108 396 Q F0(Mo)144 408 Q .3 -.15(ve t) +-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the line.)-2.5 E F1 -.25(fo)108 420 S +(rward\255char \(C\255f\)).25 E F0(Mo)144 432 Q .3 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) +.15 E(ard a character)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1(backward\255char \(C\255b\))108 +444 Q F0(Mo)144 456 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ack a character).15 E(.)-.55 E +F1 -.25(fo)108 468 S(rward\255w).25 E(ord \(M\255f\))-.1 E F0(Mo)144 480 +Q .822 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw).15 E .522(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F +.523(xt w)-.15 F 3.023(ord. W)-.1 F .523 (ords are composed of alphanumeric characters \(let-)-.8 F -(ters and digits\).)144 432 Q F2(backward\255w)108 444 Q(ord \(M\255b\)) --.1 E F0(Mo)144 456 Q 1.71 -.15(ve b)-.15 H 1.41 +(ters and digits\).)144 492 Q F1(backward\255w)108 504 Q(ord \(M\255b\)) +-.1 E F0(Mo)144 516 Q 1.71 -.15(ve b)-.15 H 1.41 (ack to the start of the current or pre).15 F 1.41(vious w)-.25 F 3.91 (ord. W)-.1 F 1.41(ords are composed of alphanumeric)-.8 F -(characters \(letters and digits\).)144 468 Q F2(shell\255f)108 480 Q -(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 492 Q .784 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) +(characters \(letters and digits\).)144 528 Q F1(shell\255f)108 540 Q +(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 552 Q .784 -.15(ve f)-.15 H(orw) .15 E .484(ard to the end of the ne)-.1 F .484(xt w)-.15 F 2.984(ord. W) -.1 F .484(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell metacharac-)-.8 F -(ters.)144 504 Q F2(shell\255backward\255w)108 516 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 -528 Q .908 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .609(ack to the start of the current or pre) -.15 F .609(vious w)-.25 F 3.109(ord. W)-.1 F .609 -(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell)-.8 F(metacharacters.)144 540 Q -F2(clear\255scr)108 552 Q(een \(C\255l\))-.18 E F0 .993 -(Clear the screen lea)144 564 R .993 +(ters.)144 564 Q F1(shell\255backward\255w)108 576 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Mo)144 +588 Q .909 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .609(ack to the start of the current or pre) +.15 F .609(vious w)-.25 F 3.109(ord. W)-.1 F .608 +(ords are delimited by non-quoted shell)-.8 F(metacharacters.)144 600 Q +F1(clear\255scr)108 612 Q(een \(C\255l\))-.18 E F0 .993 +(Clear the screen lea)144 624 R .993 (ving the current line at the top of the screen.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)5.993 G .993(th an ar).4 F .993(gument, refresh the)-.18 F -(current line without clearing the screen.)144 576 Q F2 -.18(re)108 588 +(current line without clearing the screen.)144 636 Q F1 -.18(re)108 648 S(draw\255curr).18 E(ent\255line)-.18 E F0(Refresh the current line.)144 -600 Q F2(Commands f)87 616.8 Q(or Manipulating the History)-.25 E -(accept\255line \(Newline, Retur)108 628.8 Q(n\))-.15 E F0 .158 -(Accept the line re)144 640.8 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .158 +660 Q F1(Commands f)87 676.8 Q(or Manipulating the History)-.25 E +(accept\255line \(Newline, Retur)108 688.8 Q(n\))-.15 E F0 .159 +(Accept the line re)144 700.8 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .159 (rdless of where the cursor is.).05 F .158(If this line is non-empty) -5.158 F 2.659(,a)-.65 G .159(dd it to the history list)-2.659 F .699 -(according to the state of the)144 652.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +5.158 F 2.658(,a)-.65 G .158(dd it to the history list)-2.658 F .699 +(according to the state of the)144 712.8 R/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF (HISTCONTR)3.199 E(OL)-.27 E F0 -.25(va)2.949 G 3.199(riable. If).25 F .699(the line is a modi\214ed history line, then)3.199 F -(restore the history line to its original state.)144 664.8 Q F2(pr)108 -676.8 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious\255history \(C\255p\)).15 E F0 -(Fetch the pre)144 688.8 Q(vious command from the history list, mo)-.25 -E(ving back in the list.)-.15 E F2(next\255history \(C\255n\))108 700.8 -Q F0(Fetch the ne)144 712.8 Q(xt command from the history list, mo)-.15 -E(ving forw)-.15 E(ard in the list.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q -(2016 May 29)148.175 E(43)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(restore the history line to its original state.)144 724.8 Q +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(43)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 44 44 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(beginning\255of\255history \(M\255<\))108 84 Q F0(Mo)144 96 Q .3 -.15 +SF(pr)108 84 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious\255history \(C\255p\)).15 E F0 +(Fetch the pre)144 96 Q(vious command from the history list, mo)-.25 E +(ving back in the list.)-.15 E F1(next\255history \(C\255n\))108 108 Q +F0(Fetch the ne)144 120 Q(xt command from the history list, mo)-.15 E +(ving forw)-.15 E(ard in the list.)-.1 E F1 +(beginning\255of\255history \(M\255<\))108 132 Q F0(Mo)144 144 Q .3 -.15 (ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he \214rst line in the history)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E -F1(end\255of\255history \(M\255>\))108 108 Q F0(Mo)144 120 Q .3 -.15 +F1(end\255of\255history \(M\255>\))108 156 Q F0(Mo)144 168 Q .3 -.15 (ve t)-.15 H 2.5(ot).15 G(he end of the input history)-2.5 E 2.5(,i)-.65 G(.e., the line currently being entered.)-2.5 E F1 -2.29 -.18(re v)108 -132 T(erse\255sear).08 E(ch\255history \(C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.47 -(Search backw)144 144 R 1.471(ard starting at the current line and mo) --.1 F 1.471(ving `up' through the history as necessary)-.15 F(.)-.65 E -(This is an incremental search.)144 156 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 168 S -(rward\255sear).25 E(ch\255history \(C\255s\))-.18 E F0 1.132 -(Search forw)144 180 R 1.132(ard starting at the current line and mo)-.1 -F 1.131(ving `do)-.15 F 1.131(wn' through the history as necessary)-.25 -F(.)-.65 E(This is an incremental search.)144 192 Q F1(non\255incr)108 -204 Q(emental\255r)-.18 E -2.3 -.15(ev e)-.18 H(rse\255sear).15 E -(ch\255history \(M\255p\))-.18 E F0 .164(Search backw)144 216 R .164(ar\ +180 T(erse\255sear).08 E(ch\255history \(C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.471 +(Search backw)144 192 R 1.471(ard starting at the current line and mo) +-.1 F 1.47(ving `up' through the history as necessary)-.15 F(.)-.65 E +(This is an incremental search.)144 204 Q F1 -.25(fo)108 216 S +(rward\255sear).25 E(ch\255history \(C\255s\))-.18 E F0 1.131 +(Search forw)144 228 R 1.131(ard starting at the current line and mo)-.1 +F 1.132(ving `do)-.15 F 1.132(wn' through the history as necessary)-.25 +F(.)-.65 E(This is an incremental search.)144 240 Q F1(non\255incr)108 +252 Q(emental\255r)-.18 E -2.3 -.15(ev e)-.18 H(rse\255sear).15 E +(ch\255history \(M\255p\))-.18 E F0 .165(Search backw)144 264 R .164(ar\ d through the history starting at the current line using a non-incremen\ -tal search for)-.1 F 2.5(as)144 228 S(tring supplied by the user)-2.5 E -(.)-.55 E F1(non\255incr)108 240 Q(emental\255f)-.18 E(orward\255sear) --.25 E(ch\255history \(M\255n\))-.18 E F0 1.354(Search forw)144 252 R +tal search for)-.1 F 2.5(as)144 276 S(tring supplied by the user)-2.5 E +(.)-.55 E F1(non\255incr)108 288 Q(emental\255f)-.18 E(orward\255sear) +-.25 E(ch\255history \(M\255n\))-.18 E F0 1.353(Search forw)144 300 R 1.354(ard through the history using a non-incremental search for a stri\ -ng supplied by the)-.1 F(user)144 264 Q(.)-.55 E F1(history\255sear)108 -276 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward)-.25 E F0 .248(Search forw)144 288 R .249(a\ +ng supplied by the)-.1 F(user)144 312 Q(.)-.55 E F1(history\255sear)108 +324 Q(ch\255f)-.18 E(orward)-.25 E F0 .249(Search forw)144 336 R .249(a\ rd through the history for the string of characters between the start o\ -f the current line)-.1 F(and the point.)144 300 Q -(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1(history\255sear)108 312 Q -(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .951(Search backw)144 324 R .951(ard through \ -the history for the string of characters between the start of the curre\ -nt)-.1 F(line and the point.)144 336 Q -(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)108 348 Q -2.5(g\()-.1 G<4dad43ad7929>-2.5 E F0 .622(Insert the \214rst ar)144 360 -R .622(gument to the pre)-.18 F .622 +f the current line)-.1 F(and the point.)144 348 Q +(This is a non-incremental search.)5 E F1(history\255sear)108 360 Q +(ch\255backward)-.18 E F0 .95(Search backw)144 372 R .951(ard through t\ +he history for the string of characters between the start of the curren\ +t)-.1 F(line and the point.)144 384 Q(This is a non-incremental search.) +5 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)108 396 Q 2.5(g\()-.1 G<4dad43ad7929>-2.5 E F0 +.622(Insert the \214rst ar)144 408 R .622(gument to the pre)-.18 F .622 (vious command \(usually the second w)-.25 F .622(ord on the pre)-.1 F -.622(vious line\))-.25 F .795(at point.)144 372 R -.4(Wi)5.795 G .794 +.622(vious line\))-.25 F .794(at point.)144 420 R -.4(Wi)5.794 G .794 (th an ar).4 F(gument)-.18 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.294 E F0 3.294 (,i).24 G .794(nsert the)-3.294 F F2(n)3.294 E F0 .794(th w)B .794 -(ord from the pre)-.1 F .794(vious command \(the w)-.25 F .794 -(ords in the)-.1 F(pre)144 384 Q .291(vious command be)-.25 F .291 +(ord from the pre)-.1 F .794(vious command \(the w)-.25 F .795 +(ords in the)-.1 F(pre)144 432 Q .292(vious command be)-.25 F .292 (gin with w)-.15 F .291(ord 0\).)-.1 F 2.791(An)5.291 G -2.25 -.15(eg a) -2.791 H(ti).15 E .591 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .291 -(ument inserts the).18 F F2(n)2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B .292 -(ord from the end of)-.1 F .282(the pre)144 396 R .282(vious command.) --.25 F .282(Once the ar)5.282 F(gument)-.18 E F2(n)2.781 E F0 .281 -(is computed, the ar)2.781 F .281(gument is e)-.18 F .281 -(xtracted as if the "!)-.15 F F2(n)A F0(")A(history e)144 408 Q -(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)-.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)108 420 Q -2.5(g\()-.1 G -1.667(M\255. ,)-2.5 F -1.667(M\255_ \))2.5 F F0 1.307 -(Insert the last ar)144 432 R 1.307(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307 -(vious command \(the last w)-.25 F 1.308(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.308 -(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 444 S .204(th a numeric ar).4 -F .204(gument, beha)-.18 F .504 -.15(ve ex)-.2 H .204(actly lik).15 F(e) --.1 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)2.704 E(g)-.1 E F0 5.203(.S)C(uccessi)-5.203 -E .503 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .203(alls to).15 F F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.703 E -(g)-.1 E F0(mo)144 456 Q .806 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .507 +(ument inserts the).18 F F2(n)2.791 E F0 .291(th w)B .291 +(ord from the end of)-.1 F .281(the pre)144 444 R .281(vious command.) +-.25 F .281(Once the ar)5.281 F(gument)-.18 E F2(n)2.781 E F0 .281 +(is computed, the ar)2.781 F .281(gument is e)-.18 F .282 +(xtracted as if the "!)-.15 F F2(n)A F0(")A(history e)144 456 Q +(xpansion had been speci\214ed.)-.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)108 468 Q +2.5(g\()-.1 G -1.667(M\255. ,)-2.5 F -1.667(M\255_ \))2.5 F F0 1.308 +(Insert the last ar)144 480 R 1.308(gument to the pre)-.18 F 1.307 +(vious command \(the last w)-.25 F 1.307(ord of the pre)-.1 F 1.307 +(vious history entry\).)-.25 F -.4(Wi)144 492 S .203(th a numeric ar).4 +F .203(gument, beha)-.18 F .504 -.15(ve ex)-.2 H .204(actly lik).15 F(e) +-.1 E F1(yank\255nth\255ar)2.704 E(g)-.1 E F0 5.204(.S)C(uccessi)-5.204 +E .504 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .204(alls to).15 F F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.704 E +(g)-.1 E F0(mo)144 504 Q .807 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .507 (ack through the history list, inserting the last w).15 F .507 (ord \(or the w)-.1 F .507(ord speci\214ed by the ar)-.1 F(gument)-.18 E -1.397(to the \214rst call\) of each line in turn.)144 468 R(An)6.396 E -3.896(yn)-.15 G 1.396(umeric ar)-3.896 F 1.396 -(gument supplied to these successi)-.18 F 1.696 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(alls) -.15 E .491(determines the direction to mo)144 480 R .791 -.15(ve t)-.15 -H .491(hrough the history).15 F 5.492(.A)-.65 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G -(ti).05 E .792 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .492 +1.396(to the \214rst call\) of each line in turn.)144 516 R(An)6.396 E +3.896(yn)-.15 G 1.396(umeric ar)-3.896 F 1.397 +(gument supplied to these successi)-.18 F 1.697 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(alls) +.15 E .492(determines the direction to mo)144 528 R .792 -.15(ve t)-.15 +H .492(hrough the history).15 F 5.491(.A)-.65 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G +(ti).05 E .791 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G .491 (ument switches the direction).18 F .494 -(through the history \(back or forw)144 492 R 2.994(ard\). The)-.1 F +(through the history \(back or forw)144 540 R 2.994(ard\). The)-.1 F .494(history e)2.994 F .494(xpansion f)-.15 F .494 (acilities are used to e)-.1 F .494(xtract the last)-.15 F -.1(wo)144 -504 S(rd, as if the "!$" history e).1 E(xpansion had been speci\214ed.) --.15 E F1(shell\255expand\255line \(M\255C\255e\))108 516 Q F0 .622 -(Expand the line as the shell does.)144 528 R .622 -(This performs alias and history e)5.622 F .623 -(xpansion as well as all of the)-.15 F(shell w)144 540 Q(ord e)-.1 E 2.5 +552 S(rd, as if the "!$" history e).1 E(xpansion had been speci\214ed.) +-.15 E F1(shell\255expand\255line \(M\255C\255e\))108 564 Q F0 .623 +(Expand the line as the shell does.)144 576 R .622 +(This performs alias and history e)5.622 F .622 +(xpansion as well as all of the)-.15 F(shell w)144 588 Q(ord e)-.1 E 2.5 (xpansions. See)-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)2.5 E(OR)-.162 E 2.25 (YE)-.315 G(XP)-2.25 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)2.25 E 2.5(wf)-.25 G (or a description of history e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 -(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 552 Q F0 .939 -(Perform history e)144 564 R .939(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F +(history\255expand\255line \(M\255^\))108 600 Q F0 .938 +(Perform history e)144 612 R .939(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F (See)5.939 E F3(HIST)3.439 E(OR)-.162 E 3.189(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.189 E -(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.189 E 3.438(wf)-.25 G .938(or a descrip-) --3.438 F(tion of history e)144 576 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(magic\255space) -108 588 Q F0 1.626(Perform history e)144 600 R 1.626 -(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)6.627 E F3 -(HIST)4.127 E(OR)-.162 E 3.877(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.877 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0 -(belo)144 612 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 G(or a description of history e)-2.5 E -(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(alias\255expand\255line)108 624 Q F0 .395 -(Perform alias e)144 636 R .395(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F -(See)5.395 E F3(ALIASES)2.895 E F0(abo)2.645 E .694 -.15(ve f)-.15 H -.394(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 648 Q F1 -(history\255and\255alias\255expand\255line)108 660 Q F0 -(Perform history and alias e)144 672 Q(xpansion on the current line.) --.15 E F1(insert\255last\255ar)108 684 Q(gument \(M\255.)-.1 E 2.5(,M) -.833 G -1.667(\255_ \))-2.5 F F0 2.5(As)144 696 S(ynon)-2.5 E(ym for) --.15 E F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q -(2016 May 29)148.175 E(44)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.189 E 3.439(wf)-.25 G .939(or a descrip-) +-3.439 F(tion of history e)144 624 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(magic\255space) +108 636 Q F0 1.627(Perform history e)144 648 R 1.627 +(xpansion on the current line and insert a space.)-.15 F(See)6.626 E F3 +(HIST)4.126 E(OR)-.162 E 3.876(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.876 E(ANSION)-.666 E F0 +(belo)144 660 Q 2.5(wf)-.25 G(or a description of history e)-2.5 E +(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(alias\255expand\255line)108 672 Q F0 .394 +(Perform alias e)144 684 R .394(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 F +(See)5.395 E F3(ALIASES)2.895 E F0(abo)2.645 E .695 -.15(ve f)-.15 H +.395(or a description of alias e).15 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion.)144 696 Q +(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(44)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 45 45 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(operate\255and\255get\255next \(C\255o\))108 84 Q F0 .947 -(Accept the current line for e)144 96 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .948 -(cution and fetch the ne).15 F .948(xt line relati)-.15 F 1.248 -.15 -(ve t)-.25 H 3.448(ot).15 G .948(he current line from the)-3.448 F -(history for editing.)144 108 Q(An)5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-2.5 G +SF(history\255and\255alias\255expand\255line)108 84 Q F0 +(Perform history and alias e)144 96 Q(xpansion on the current line.)-.15 +E F1(insert\255last\255ar)108 108 Q(gument \(M\255.)-.1 E 2.5(,M).833 G +-1.667(\255_ \))-2.5 F F0 2.5(As)144 120 S(ynon)-2.5 E(ym for)-.15 E F1 +(yank\255last\255ar)2.5 E(g)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 +(operate\255and\255get\255next \(C\255o\))108 132 Q F0 .948 +(Accept the current line for e)144 144 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .948 +(cution and fetch the ne).15 F .948(xt line relati)-.15 F 1.247 -.15 +(ve t)-.25 H 3.447(ot).15 G .947(he current line from the)-3.447 F +(history for editing.)144 156 Q(An)5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-2.5 G (ument is ignored.).18 E F1 -(edit\255and\255execute\255command \(C\255xC\255e\))108 120 Q F0(In)144 -132 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.226 -.1(ke a).2 H 3.526(ne).1 G 1.026 +(edit\255and\255execute\255command \(C\255xC\255e\))108 168 Q F0(In)144 +180 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.226 -.1(ke a).2 H 3.526(ne).1 G 1.026 (ditor on the current command line, and e)-3.526 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.026 (cute the result as shell commands.).15 F F1(Bash)6.026 E F0 -(attempts to in)144 144 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +(attempts to in)144 192 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF ($VISU)2.6 E(AL)-.54 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F2($EDIT)2.25 E(OR) -.162 E F3(,)A F0(and)2.25 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(emacs)2.5 E F0 (as the editor)2.5 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(hat order)-2.5 E(.)-.55 -E F1(Commands f)87 160.8 Q(or Changing T)-.25 E(ext)-.92 E F4 -(end\255of\255\214le)108 172.8 Q F1(\(usually C\255d\))2.5 E F0 .798 -(The character indicating end-of-\214le as set, for e)144 184.8 R .799 -(xample, by)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(stty)3.299 E F0 5.799(.I)C 3.299 -(ft)-5.799 G .799(his character is read when)-3.299 F .592 -(there are no characters on the line, and point is at the be)144 196.8 R -.592(ginning of the line, Readline interprets it)-.15 F -(as the end of input and returns)144 208.8 Q F2(EOF)2.5 E F3(.)A F1 -(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 220.8 Q F0 .441 -(Delete the character at point.)144 232.8 R .442 -(If this function is bound to the same character as the tty)5.441 F F1 -(EOF)2.942 E F0(char)2.942 E(-)-.2 E(acter)144 244.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(s) +E F1(Commands f)87 208.8 Q(or Changing T)-.25 E(ext)-.92 E F4 +(end\255of\255\214le)108 220.8 Q F1(\(usually C\255d\))2.5 E F0 .799 +(The character indicating end-of-\214le as set, for e)144 232.8 R .799 +(xample, by)-.15 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(stty)3.299 E F0 5.799(.I)C 3.298 +(ft)-5.799 G .798(his character is read when)-3.298 F .592 +(there are no characters on the line, and point is at the be)144 244.8 R +.593(ginning of the line, Readline interprets it)-.15 F +(as the end of input and returns)144 256.8 Q F2(EOF)2.5 E F3(.)A F1 +(delete\255char \(C\255d\))108 268.8 Q F0 .442 +(Delete the character at point.)144 280.8 R .442 +(If this function is bound to the same character as the tty)5.442 F F1 +(EOF)2.941 E F0(char)2.941 E(-)-.2 E(acter)144 292.8 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G(s) -2.5 E F1(C\255d)2.5 E F0(commonly is, see abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve f)-.15 H (or the ef).15 E(fects.)-.25 E F1(backward\255delete\255char \(Rubout\)) -108 256.8 Q F0 .553(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 268.8 R +108 304.8 Q F0 .552(Delete the character behind the cursor)144 316.8 R 5.553(.W)-.55 G .553(hen gi)-5.553 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.053(nan).15 G .553 -(umeric ar)-3.053 F .552(gument, sa)-.18 F .852 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .552 -(he deleted te).15 F .552(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 280.8 Q F1 --.25(fo)108 292.8 S(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .473 -(Delete the character under the cursor)144 304.8 R 2.973(,u)-.4 G .474 -(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.973 F -(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 316.8 Q F1 -(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 328.8 Q F0 .779(Add the ne)144 -340.8 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279 +(umeric ar)-3.053 F .553(gument, sa)-.18 F .853 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .553 +(he deleted te).15 F .553(xt on)-.15 F(the kill ring.)144 328.8 Q F1 +-.25(fo)108 340.8 S(rward\255backward\255delete\255char).25 E F0 .474 +(Delete the character under the cursor)144 352.8 R 2.974(,u)-.4 G .474 +(nless the cursor is at the end of the line, in which case the)-2.974 F +(character behind the cursor is deleted.)144 364.8 Q F1 +(quoted\255insert \(C\255q, C\255v\))108 376.8 Q F0 .778(Add the ne)144 +388.8 R .779(xt character typed to the line v)-.15 F 3.279 (erbatim. This)-.15 F .779(is ho)3.279 F 3.279(wt)-.25 G 3.279(oi)-3.279 -G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.278 E F0 3.278 -(,f)C(or)-3.278 E -.15(ex)144 352.8 S(ample.).15 E F1 -(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)108 364.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 -(Insert a tab character)144 376.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1 -(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 388.8 Q F0 -(Insert the character typed.)144 400.8 Q F1 -(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\))108 412.8 Q F0 .321 -(Drag the character before point forw)144 424.8 R .321(ard o)-.1 F -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .322 -(ving point forw)-.15 F .322(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182 +G .779(nsert characters lik)-3.279 F(e)-.1 E F1(C\255q)3.279 E F0 3.279 +(,f)C(or)-3.279 E -.15(ex)144 400.8 S(ample.).15 E F1 +(tab\255insert \(C\255v T)108 412.8 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 +(Insert a tab character)144 424.8 Q(.)-.55 E F1 +(self\255insert \(a, b, A, 1, !, ...\))108 436.8 Q F0 +(Insert the character typed.)144 448.8 Q F1 +(transpose\255chars \(C\255t\))108 460.8 Q F0 .322 +(Drag the character before point forw)144 472.8 R .321(ard o)-.1 F -.15 +(ve)-.15 G 2.821(rt).15 G .321(he character at point, mo)-2.821 F .321 +(ving point forw)-.15 F .321(ard as well.)-.1 F 1.182 (If point is at the end of the line, then this transposes the tw)144 -436.8 R 3.682(oc)-.1 G 1.182(haracters before point.)-3.682 F(Ne)6.182 E --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ar)144 448.8 Q(guments ha)-.18 E +484.8 R 3.683(oc)-.1 G 1.183(haracters before point.)-3.683 F(Ne)6.183 E +-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ar)144 496.8 Q(guments ha)-.18 E .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.5 G(ect.).25 E F1 -(transpose\255w)108 460.8 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .023(Drag the w)144 -472.8 R .023(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo) --.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.524(rt).15 G .024(hat w) --2.524 F .024(ord as well.)-.1 F .024(If point)5.024 F -(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 484.8 Q 2.5 -(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 496.8 Q -(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.699(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 -508.8 R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.998 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.698 -(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 520.8 S(rd, b).1 -E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 532.8 Q -(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 544.8 Q 1.647 -(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.647(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.147 -(ord. W)-.1 F 1.648(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.948 -.15 -(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.648(ument, lo).18 F 1.648(wercase the pre) --.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 556.8 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 --.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 568.8 Q -(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.975(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 -580.8 R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.974 -(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 592.8 S(rd, b) +(transpose\255w)108 508.8 Q(ords \(M\255t\))-.1 E F0 .024(Drag the w)144 +520.8 R .024(ord before point past the w)-.1 F .023(ord after point, mo) +-.1 F .023(ving point o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.523(rt).15 G .023(hat w) +-2.523 F .023(ord as well.)-.1 F .023(If point)5.023 F +(is at the end of the line, this transposes the last tw)144 532.8 Q 2.5 +(ow)-.1 G(ords on the line.)-2.6 E F1(upcase\255w)108 544.8 Q +(ord \(M\255u\))-.1 E F0 1.698(Uppercase the current \(or follo)144 +556.8 R 1.698(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.198(ord. W)-.1 F 1.698(ith a ne)-.4 F +-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.999 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.699 +(ument, uppercase the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 568.8 S(rd, b).1 +E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 580.8 Q +(wncase\255w)-.1 E(ord \(M\255l\))-.1 E F0(Lo)144 592.8 Q 1.648 +(wercase the current \(or follo)-.25 F 1.648(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.148 +(ord. W)-.1 F 1.647(ith a ne)-.4 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 1.947 -.15 +(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.647(ument, lo).18 F 1.647(wercase the pre) +-.25 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 604.8 S(rd, b).1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 +-.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(capitalize\255w)108 616.8 Q +(ord \(M\255c\))-.1 E F0 1.974(Capitalize the current \(or follo)144 +628.8 R 1.974(wing\) w)-.25 F 4.474(ord. W)-.1 F 1.974(ith a ne)-.4 F +-.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.975 +(ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 640.8 S(rd, b) .1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1 -.1(ove)108 -604.8 S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 616.8 S .437(ggle o).8 F -.15 -(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.437 G .437(th an e).4 F .437 -(xplicit positi)-.15 F .738 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .438(umeric ar).15 F .438 -(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4 -(Wi)144 628.8 S .781(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 +652.8 S(rwrite\255mode).1 E F0 -.8(To)144 664.8 S .438(ggle o).8 F -.15 +(ve)-.15 G .438(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4(Wi)5.438 G .438(th an e).4 F .438 +(xplicit positi)-.15 F .737 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .437(umeric ar).15 F .437 +(gument, switches to o)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .437(rwrite mode.).15 F -.4 +(Wi)144 676.8 S .78(th an e).4 F .781(xplicit non-positi)-.15 F 1.081 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .781(umeric ar).15 F .781 -(gument, switches to insert mode.)-.18 F .78(This command af)5.781 F -(fects)-.25 E(only)144 640.8 Q F1(emacs)4.394 E F0(mode;)4.394 E F1(vi) -4.394 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.394 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 +(gument, switches to insert mode.)-.18 F .781(This command af)5.781 F +(fects)-.25 E(only)144 688.8 Q F1(emacs)4.395 E F0(mode;)4.395 E F1(vi) +4.395 E F0 1.894(mode does o)4.395 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.894(rwrite dif).15 F(ferently)-.25 E 6.894(.E)-.65 G 1.894(ach call to)-6.894 F F4 -.37(re) -4.395 G(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.895(starts in insert)4.395 F 3.969 -(mode. In)144 652.8 R -.15(ove)3.969 G 1.469 +4.394 G(adline\(\)).37 E F0 1.894(starts in insert)4.394 F 3.968 +(mode. In)144 700.8 R -.15(ove)3.968 G 1.468 (rwrite mode, characters bound to).15 F F1(self\255insert)3.969 E F0 -1.468(replace the te)3.969 F 1.468(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .957 -(pushing the te)144 664.8 R .957(xt to the right.)-.15 F .958 -(Characters bound to)5.957 F F1(backward\255delete\255char)3.458 E F0 -.958(replace the character)3.458 F(before point with a space.)144 676.8 -Q(By def)5 E(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E F1(Killing and Y)87 -693.6 Q(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 705.6 Q F0 -(Kill the te)144 717.6 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E -(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(45)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +1.469(replace the te)3.969 F 1.469(xt at point rather than)-.15 F .958 +(pushing the te)144 712.8 R .958(xt to the right.)-.15 F .957 +(Characters bound to)5.958 F F1(backward\255delete\255char)3.457 E F0 +.957(replace the character)3.457 F(before point with a space.)144 724.8 +Q(By def)5 E(ault, this command is unbound.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q +(2016 May 29)148.175 E(45)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 46 46 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 84 Q F0(Kill backw)144 -96 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1 -(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 108 Q F0(Kill backw)144 120 Q +SF(Killing and Y)87 84 Q(anking)-.85 E(kill\255line \(C\255k\))108 96 Q +F0(Kill the te)144 108 Q(xt from point to the end of the line.)-.15 E F1 +(backward\255kill\255line \(C\255x Rubout\))108 120 Q F0(Kill backw)144 +132 Q(ard to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E F1 +(unix\255line\255discard \(C\255u\))108 144 Q F0(Kill backw)144 156 Q (ard from point to the be)-.1 E(ginning of the line.)-.15 E (The killed te)5 E(xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt) --2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 132 Q F0 +-2.5 G(he kill-ring.)-2.5 E F1(kill\255whole\255line)108 168 Q F0 (Kill all characters on the current line, no matter where point is.)144 -144 Q F1(kill\255w)108 156 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .729 -(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 168 R .728 -(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .728 -(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 180 S +180 Q F1(kill\255w)108 192 Q(ord \(M\255d\))-.1 E F0 .728 +(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 204 R .729 +(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F .729 +(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 216 S (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -.25(fo)2.5 G -(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 192 Q -(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 204 Q(ord behind point.)-.1 +(rward\255w).25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(backward\255kill\255w)108 228 Q +(ord \(M\255Rubout\))-.1 E F0(Kill the w)144 240 Q(ord behind point.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)5 G(rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1 -(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 216 Q -(ord)-.1 E F0 .728(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 228 R -.729(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .729(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F -.729(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 240 S +(backward\255w)2.5 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255kill\255w)108 252 Q +(ord)-.1 E F0 .729(Kill from point to the end of the current w)144 264 R +.728(ord, or if between w)-.1 F .728(ords, to the end of the ne)-.1 F +.728(xt w)-.15 F(ord.)-.1 E -.8(Wo)144 276 S (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 E F1(shell\255f)2.5 E (orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(shell\255backward\255kill\255w) -108 252 Q(ord)-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 264 R 3.025 +108 288 Q(ord)-.1 E F0 3.025(Kill the w)144 300 R 3.025 (ord behind point.)-.1 F -.8(Wo)8.025 G 3.025 (rd boundaries are the same as those used by).8 F F1(shell\255back-) -5.525 E(ward\255w)144 276 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 288 Q -(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .364(Kill the w)144 300 R .364 -(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .365(ord boundary)-.1 -F 5.365(.T)-.65 G .365(he killed te)-5.365 F .365(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15 -(ve)-.2 G 2.865(do).15 G 2.865(nt)-2.865 G(he)-2.865 E(kill-ring.)144 -312 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 324 Q F0 .167(Kill the w)144 -336 R .166 +5.525 E(ward\255w)144 312 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(unix\255w)108 324 Q +(ord\255rubout \(C\255w\))-.1 E F0 .365(Kill the w)144 336 R .365 +(ord behind point, using white space as a w)-.1 F .364(ord boundary)-.1 +F 5.364(.T)-.65 G .364(he killed te)-5.364 F .364(xt is sa)-.15 F -.15 +(ve)-.2 G 2.864(do).15 G 2.864(nt)-2.864 G(he)-2.864 E(kill-ring.)144 +348 Q F1(unix\255\214lename\255rubout)108 360 Q F0 .166(Kill the w)144 +372 R .166 (ord behind point, using white space and the slash character as the w) --.1 F .166(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.166 E(killed te)144 348 Q +-.1 F .167(ord boundaries.)-.1 F(The)5.167 E(killed te)144 384 Q (xt is sa)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(do).15 G 2.5(nt)-2.5 G(he kill-ring.) --2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 360 Q F0 -(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 372 Q F1(kill\255r)108 384 -Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 396 Q(xt in the current re)-.15 E -(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 408 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E F0(Cop) -144 420 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E +-2.5 E F1(delete\255horizontal\255space \(M\255\\\))108 396 Q F0 +(Delete all spaces and tabs around point.)144 408 Q F1(kill\255r)108 420 +Q(egion)-.18 E F0(Kill the te)144 432 Q(xt in the current re)-.15 E +(gion.)-.15 E F1(copy\255r)108 444 Q(egion\255as\255kill)-.18 E F0(Cop) +144 456 Q 2.5(yt)-.1 G(he te)-2.5 E(xt in the re)-.15 E (gion to the kill b)-.15 E(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F1 -(copy\255backward\255w)108 432 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 444 Q 4.8(yt)-.1 G -2.3(he w)-4.8 F 2.3(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 E(fer) --.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.301 -(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.801 E(ward\255w)144 456 -Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 468 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E -F0(Cop)144 480 Q 4.508(yt)-.1 G 2.008(he w)-4.508 F 2.008(ord follo)-.1 -F 2.008(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.007(.T) --.55 G 2.007(he w)-7.007 F 2.007(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 --.25(fo)4.507 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 492 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 -(yank \(C\255y\))108 504 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 516 S +(copy\255backward\255w)108 468 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(Cop)144 480 Q 4.801(yt)-.1 +G 2.301(he w)-4.801 F 2.301(ord before point to the kill b)-.1 F(uf)-.2 +E(fer)-.25 E 7.301(.T)-.55 G 2.301(he w)-7.301 F 2.3 +(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1(back-)4.8 E(ward\255w)144 492 Q +(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1(copy\255f)108 504 Q(orward\255w)-.25 E(ord)-.1 E F0 +(Cop)144 516 Q 4.507(yt)-.1 G 2.007(he w)-4.507 F 2.007(ord follo)-.1 F +2.007(wing point to the kill b)-.25 F(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 7.008(.T)-.55 +G 2.008(he w)-7.008 F 2.008(ord boundaries are the same as)-.1 F F1 -.25 +(fo)4.508 G -.37(r-).25 G(ward\255w)144 528 Q(ord)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 +(yank \(C\255y\))108 540 Q F0 -1(Ya)144 552 S (nk the top of the kill ring into the b)1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer at point.)-.25 -E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 528 Q F0 -(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 540 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5 +E F1(yank\255pop \(M\255y\))108 564 Q F0 +(Rotate the kill ring, and yank the ne)144 576 Q 2.5(wt)-.25 G 2.5 (op. Only)-2.5 F -.1(wo)2.5 G(rks follo).1 E(wing)-.25 E F1(yank)2.5 E -F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 556.8 Q -(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 568.8 Q +F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 592.8 Q +(guments)-.1 E(digit\255ar)108 604.8 Q (gument \(M\2550, M\2551, ..., M\255\255\))-.1 E F0 .367 -(Add this digit to the ar)144 580.8 R .367 +(Add this digit to the ar)144 616.8 R .367 (gument already accumulating, or start a ne)-.18 F 2.867(wa)-.25 G -.18 -(rg)-2.867 G 2.867(ument. M\255\255).18 F .367(starts a ne)2.867 F -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(-).05 E(ti)144 592.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G -(ument.).18 E F1(uni)108 604.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 -E F0 .779(This is another w)144 616.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F -3.279(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .778 +(rg)-2.867 G 2.867(ument. M\255\255).18 F .366(starts a ne)2.867 F -.05 +(ga)-.15 G(-).05 E(ti)144 628.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G +(ument.).18 E F1(uni)108 640.8 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 +E F0 .778(This is another w)144 652.8 R .779(ay to specify an ar)-.1 F +3.279(gument. If)-.18 F .779(this command is follo)3.279 F .779 (wed by one or more digits,)-.25 F 1.376 (optionally with a leading minus sign, those digits de\214ne the ar)144 -628.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144 -640.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni) +664.8 R 3.876(gument. If)-.18 F 1.376(the command is fol-)3.876 F(lo)144 +676.8 Q 1.17(wed by digits, e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(uni) 3.67 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(ag)3.67 E 1.17 (ain ends the numeric ar)-.05 F 1.17(gument, b)-.18 F 1.17(ut is other) --.2 F(-)-.2 E .898(wise ignored.)144 652.8 R .898 -(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.898 F .898 +-.2 F(-)-.2 E .899(wise ignored.)144 688.8 R .898 +(As a special case, if this command is immediately follo)5.899 F .898 (wed by a character that is)-.25 F 1.23 -(neither a digit nor minus sign, the ar)144 664.8 R 1.23 +(neither a digit nor minus sign, the ar)144 700.8 R 1.23 (gument count for the ne)-.18 F 1.23(xt command is multiplied by four) --.15 F(.)-.55 E .822(The ar)144 676.8 R .822 +-.15 F(.)-.55 E .823(The ar)144 712.8 R .823 (gument count is initially one, so e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .823 -(cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .823(es the ar)-.1 F -(gument)-.18 E(count four)144 688.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)-2.5 -E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E F1(Completing) -87 705.6 Q F0(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(46)197.335 E 0 -Cg EP +(cuting this function the \214rst time mak).15 F .822(es the ar)-.1 F +(gument)-.18 E(count four)144 724.8 Q 2.5(,as)-.4 G(econd time mak)-2.5 +E(es the ar)-.1 E(gument count sixteen, and so on.)-.18 E(GNU Bash 4.4) +72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(46)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 47 47 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(complete \(T)108 84 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137 -(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 96 R 1.137 +SF(Completing)87 84 Q(complete \(T)108 96 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 1.137 +(Attempt to perform completion on the te)144 108 R 1.137 (xt before point.)-.15 F F1(Bash)6.137 E F0 1.137 -(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 108 Q .532(xt as a v) --.15 F .532(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .532(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with) --.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .533(xt be)-.15 F -.533(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.033 E F0 .533(\), hostname \(if the)B(te) -144 120 Q .702(xt be)-.15 F .702(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.202 E F0 .701 -(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .701 +(attempts completion treating the)3.637 F(te)144 120 Q .533(xt as a v) +-.15 F .533(ariable \(if the te)-.25 F .533(xt be)-.15 F .533(gins with) +-.15 F F1($)3.033 E F0 .533(\), username \(if the te)B .532(xt be)-.15 F +.532(gins with)-.15 F F1(~)3.032 E F0 .532(\), hostname \(if the)B(te) +144 132 Q .701(xt be)-.15 F .701(gins with)-.15 F F1(@)3.201 E F0 .701 +(\), or command \(including aliases and functions\) in turn.)B .702 (If none of these pro-)5.701 F -(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 132 Q F1 -(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 144 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 156 Q(xt before point.)-.15 -E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 168 Q F0 .783 -(Insert all completions of the te)144 180 R .783(xt before point that w) +(duces a match, \214lename completion is attempted.)144 144 Q F1 +(possible\255completions \(M\255?\))108 156 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 168 Q(xt before point.)-.15 +E F1(insert\255completions \(M\255*\))108 180 Q F0 .783 +(Insert all completions of the te)144 192 R .783(xt before point that w) -.15 F .783(ould ha)-.1 F 1.083 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .783(een generated by) -.15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.283 E(pletions)144 192 Q F0(.)A F1 -(menu\255complete)108 204 Q F0 .929(Similar to)144 216 R F1(complete) -3.429 E F0 3.429(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.629 F .929 -(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F 1.193 -(possible completions.)144 228 R 1.193(Repeated e)6.193 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.193(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.194 -(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .829 -(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 240 R .828 +.15 F F1(possible\255com-)3.282 E(pletions)144 204 Q F0(.)A F1 +(menu\255complete)108 216 Q F0 .928(Similar to)144 228 R F1(complete) +3.428 E F0 3.428(,b)C .929(ut replaces the w)-3.628 F .929 +(ord to be completed with a single match from the list of)-.1 F 1.194 +(possible completions.)144 240 R 1.194(Repeated e)6.194 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +1.194(cution of).15 F F1(menu\255complete)3.694 E F0 1.193 +(steps through the list of possible)3.694 F .828 +(completions, inserting each match in turn.)144 252 R .828 (At the end of the list of completions, the bell is rung)5.828 F .727 -(\(subject to the setting of)144 252 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 3.227 +(\(subject to the setting of)144 264 R F1(bell\255style)3.227 E F0 3.227 (\)a)C .727(nd the original te)-3.227 F .727(xt is restored.)-.15 F .727 (An ar)5.727 F .727(gument of)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)3.227 E -F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.228 E F0 1.73 -(positions forw)144 264 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F +F0(mo)3.227 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(s).15 E F2(n)3.227 E F0 1.73 +(positions forw)144 276 R 1.73(ard in the list of matches; a ne)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.03 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.73 (ument may be used to mo).18 F 2.03 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ackw).15 E(ard)-.1 -E(through the list.)144 276 Q(This command is intended to be bound to)5 +E(through the list.)144 288 Q(This command is intended to be bound to)5 E F1 -.9(TA)2.5 G(B).9 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut is unbound by def)-2.7 E(ault.) --.1 E F1(menu\255complete\255backward)108 288 Q F0 .82(Identical to)144 -300 R F1(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82(ut mo)-3.52 F -.15(ve) +-.1 E F1(menu\255complete\255backward)108 300 Q F0 .82(Identical to)144 +312 R F1(menu\255complete)3.32 E F0 3.32(,b)C .82(ut mo)-3.52 F -.15(ve) -.15 G 3.32(sb).15 G(ackw)-3.32 E .82 (ard through the list of possible completions, as if)-.1 F F1 -(menu\255complete)144 312 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nan) +(menu\255complete)144 324 Q F0(had been gi)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nan) .15 G -2.25 -.15(eg a)-2.5 H(ti).15 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 2.5(ument. This).18 F(command is unbound by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1 -(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 324 Q F0 .234 -(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 336 R .234 -(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)2.734 -E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 348 R -.15(ve)-.2 G +(delete\255char\255or\255list)108 336 Q F0 .234 +(Deletes the character under the cursor if not at the be)144 348 R .234 +(ginning or end of the line \(lik)-.15 F(e)-.1 E F1(delete\255char)2.735 +E F0(\).)A .425(If at the end of the line, beha)144 360 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.925(si).15 G .425(dentically to)-2.925 F F1(possible\255completions) 2.925 E F0 5.425(.T)C .425(his command is unbound)-5.425 F(by def)144 -360 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 372 Q F0 -(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 384 Q(xt before point.)-.15 -E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 396 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 408 Q +372 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(complete\255\214lename \(M\255/\))108 384 Q F0 +(Attempt \214lename completion on the te)144 396 Q(xt before point.)-.15 +E F1(possible\255\214lename\255completions \(C\255x /\))108 408 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 420 Q (xt before point, treating it as a \214lename.)-.15 E F1 -(complete\255user)108 420 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 432 Q +(complete\255user)108 432 Q(name \(M\255~\))-.15 E F0 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 444 Q (xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(possible\255user) -108 444 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 456 Q +108 456 Q(name\255completions \(C\255x ~\))-.15 E F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 468 Q (xt before point, treating it as a username.)-.15 E F1(complete\255v)108 -468 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 480 Q +480 Q(ariable \(M\255$\))-.1 E F0(Attempt completion on the te)144 492 Q (xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1 -(possible\255v)108 492 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 504 Q +(possible\255v)108 504 Q(ariable\255completions \(C\255x $\))-.1 E F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 516 Q (xt before point, treating it as a shell v)-.15 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1 -(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 516 Q F0 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 528 Q +(complete\255hostname \(M\255@\))108 528 Q F0 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 540 Q (xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1 -(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 540 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 552 Q +(possible\255hostname\255completions \(C\255x @\))108 552 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 564 Q (xt before point, treating it as a hostname.)-.15 E F1 -(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 564 Q F0 .581 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 576 R .581 -(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .58 -(Command comple-)5.58 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 588 R +(complete\255command \(M\255!\))108 576 Q F0 .58 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 588 R .581 +(xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 F .581 +(Command comple-)5.581 F .715(tion attempts to match the te)144 600 R .715(xt ag)-.15 F .715(ainst aliases, reserv)-.05 F .715(ed w)-.15 F .715(ords, shell functions, shell b)-.1 F .715(uiltins, and)-.2 F -(\214nally e)144 600 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(\214nally e)144 612 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cutable \214lenames, in that order).15 E(.)-.55 E F1 -(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 612 Q F0 -(List the possible completions of the te)144 624 Q +(possible\255command\255completions \(C\255x !\))108 624 Q F0 +(List the possible completions of the te)144 636 Q (xt before point, treating it as a command name.)-.15 E F1 -(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 636 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .425 -(Attempt completion on the te)144 648 R .425 -(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .424 +(dynamic\255complete\255history \(M\255T)108 648 Q(AB\))-.9 E F0 .424 +(Attempt completion on the te)144 660 R .425 +(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .425(xt ag)-.15 F .425 (ainst lines from the history list)-.05 F -(for possible completion matches.)144 660 Q F1(dab)108 672 Q(br)-.1 E --.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .61 -(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 684 R .611 -(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .611(xt ag)-.15 F .611 +(for possible completion matches.)144 672 Q F1(dab)108 684 Q(br)-.1 E +-.15(ev)-.18 G(\255expand).15 E F0 .611 +(Attempt menu completion on the te)144 696 R .611 +(xt before point, comparing the te)-.15 F .61(xt ag)-.15 F .61 (ainst lines from the his-)-.05 F -(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 696 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 +(tory list for possible completion matches.)144 708 Q(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(47)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 48 48 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -5772,25 +5774,25 @@ E(start\255kbd\255macr)108 136.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x \()-2.5 E(\)) (ving the characters typed into the current k)-.2 E -.15(ey)-.1 G (board macro and store the de\214nition.).15 E F1 (call\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 184.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(C\255x e\))-2.5 -E F0(Re-e)144 196.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G .999(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey) --.1 G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro\ - appear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 208.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 -E F1(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 220.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E -F0(Print the last k)144 232.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G +E F0(Re-e)144 196.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G 1(cute the last k).15 F -.15(ey)-.1 +G .999(board macro de\214ned, by making the characters in the macro app\ +ear as if).15 F(typed at the k)144 208.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(board.).15 E F1 +(print\255last\255kbd\255macr)108 220.8 Q 2.5(o\()-.18 G(\))-2.5 E F0 +(Print the last k)144 232.8 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G (board macro de\214ned in a format suitable for the).15 E/F2 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr)2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1 (Miscellaneous)87 249.6 Q -.18(re)108 261.6 S<ad72>.18 E -(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.777 -(Read in the contents of the)144 273.6 R F2(inputr)4.277 E(c)-.37 E F0 -1.776(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.276(yb)-.15 G 1.776 -(indings or v)-4.276 F 1.776(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144 -285.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 297.6 Q F0 3.248 +(ead\255init\255\214le \(C\255x C\255r\))-.18 E F0 1.776 +(Read in the contents of the)144 273.6 R F2(inputr)4.276 E(c)-.37 E F0 +1.777(\214le, and incorporate an)4.276 F 4.277(yb)-.15 G 1.777 +(indings or v)-4.277 F 1.777(ariable assignments)-.25 F(found there.)144 +285.6 Q F1(abort \(C\255g\))108 297.6 Q F0 3.249 (Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal')144 309.6 R -5.749(sb)-.55 G 3.249(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.749 F F1 +5.748(sb)-.55 G 3.248(ell \(subject to the setting of)-5.748 F F1 (bell\255style)144 321.6 Q F0(\).)A F1(do\255upper)108 333.6 Q (case\255v)-.18 E(ersion \(M\255a, M\255b, M\255)-.1 E F2(x)A F1 2.5(,.) -C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.756(If the meta\214ed character)144 345.6 R F2(x) -4.256 E F0 1.755(is lo)4.256 F 1.755 +C(..\))-2.5 E F0 1.755(If the meta\214ed character)144 345.6 R F2(x) +4.255 E F0 1.755(is lo)4.255 F 1.756 (wercase, run the command that is bound to the corresponding)-.25 F (uppercase character)144 357.6 Q(.)-.55 E F1(pr)108 369.6 Q (e\214x\255meta \(ESC\))-.18 E F0(Metafy the ne)144 381.6 Q @@ -5809,46 +5811,46 @@ F0 1.095(command enough times to)3.595 F (Set the mark to the point.)144 489.6 Q(If a numeric ar)5 E (gument is supplied, the mark is set to that position.)-.18 E F1 (exchange\255point\255and\255mark \(C\255x C\255x\))108 501.6 Q F0(Sw) -144 513.6 Q .283(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283 +144 513.6 Q .282(ap the point with the mark.)-.1 F .283 (The current cursor position is set to the sa)5.283 F -.15(ve)-.2 G -2.782(dp).15 G .282(osition, and the old)-2.782 F(cursor position is sa) +2.783(dp).15 G .283(osition, and the old)-2.783 F(cursor position is sa) 144 525.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(da).15 G 2.5(st)-2.5 G(he mark.)-2.5 E F1 -(character\255sear)108 537.6 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.035(Ac)144 -549.6 S .535(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.035 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +(character\255sear)108 537.6 Q(ch \(C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.036(Ac)144 +549.6 S .536(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.036 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.035(dt).15 G 3.035(ot)-3.035 G .535(he ne)-3.035 F .535 -(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.536(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05 -(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .836 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre) +(xt occurrence of that character)-.15 F 5.535(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05 +(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .835 -.15(ve c)-.25 H(ount).15 E(searches for pre) 144 561.6 Q(vious occurrences.)-.25 E F1(character\255sear)108 573.6 Q -(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.544(Ac)144 585.6 S 1.044 -(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.544 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G +(ch\255backward \(M\255C\255]\))-.18 E F0 3.543(Ac)144 585.6 S 1.043 +(haracter is read and point is mo)-3.543 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.544(dt).15 G 3.544(ot)-3.544 G 1.044(he pre)-3.544 F 1.044 -(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.043(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E +(vious occurrence of that character)-.25 F 6.044(.A)-.55 G(ne)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G (count searches for subsequent occurrences.)144 597.6 Q F1 -(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 609.6 Q F0 1.826 +(skip\255csi\255sequence)108 609.6 Q F0 1.827 (Read enough characters to consume a multi-k)144 621.6 R 2.126 -.15 -(ey s)-.1 H 1.827(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey) --.1 G 4.327(sl).15 G(ik)-4.327 E(e)-.1 E .791(Home and End.)144 633.6 R -.791(Such sequences be)5.791 F .791 +(ey s)-.1 H 1.826(equence such as those de\214ned for k).15 F -.15(ey) +-.1 G 4.326(sl).15 G(ik)-4.326 E(e)-.1 E .79(Home and End.)144 633.6 R +.791(Such sequences be)5.79 F .791 (gin with a Control Sequence Indicator \(CSI\), usually ESC\255[.)-.15 F -.331(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 645.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G -2.831(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .632 -.15 -(ve n)-.2 H 2.832(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.832 G .332(ect unless e).25 F +.332(If this sequence is bound to "\\[", k)144 645.6 R -.15(ey)-.1 G +2.831(sp).15 G .331(roducing such sequences will ha)-2.831 F .631 -.15 +(ve n)-.2 H 2.831(oe).15 G -.25(ff)-2.831 G .331(ect unless e).25 F (xplic-)-.15 E .026(itly bound to a readline command, instead of insert\ ing stray characters into the editing b)144 657.6 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.026(.T)-.55 G(his)-5.026 E(is unbound by def)144 669.6 Q(ault, b)-.1 E (ut usually bound to ESC\255[.)-.2 E F1(insert\255comment \(M\255#\))108 -681.6 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 693.6 S .48(thout a numeric ar).4 F .48 +681.6 Q F0 -.4(Wi)144 693.6 S .481(thout a numeric ar).4 F .481 (gument, the v)-.18 F .481(alue of the readline)-.25 F F1 -(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)2.981 G .481 -(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 705.6 Q .245 -(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .245(If a numeric ar)5.245 F .244 -(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if)-.18 F .321 +(comment\255begin)2.981 E F0 -.25(va)2.981 G .48 +(riable is inserted at the).25 F(be)144 705.6 Q .244 +(ginning of the current line.)-.15 F .245(If a numeric ar)5.244 F .245 +(gument is supplied, this command acts as a toggle: if)-.18 F .322 (the characters at the be)144 717.6 R .321 (ginning of the line do not match the v)-.15 F .321(alue of)-.25 F F1 -(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.822(,t)C .322(he v)-2.822 F .322(alue is) --.25 F .832(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 729.6 R F1 -(comment\255begin)3.332 E F0 .831(are deleted from the be)3.332 F .831 +(comment\255begin)2.821 E F0 2.821(,t)C .321(he v)-2.821 F .321(alue is) +-.25 F .831(inserted, otherwise the characters in)144 729.6 R F1 +(comment\255begin)3.331 E F0 .832(are deleted from the be)3.331 F .832 (ginning of the line.)-.15 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E (48)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 49 49 @@ -5856,21 +5858,21 @@ ing stray characters into the editing b)144 657.6 R(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.468 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.469 (In either case, the line is accepted as if a ne)144 84 R 1.468 -(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.469(The def)6.469 F 1.469(ault v)-.1 F -1.469(alue of)-.25 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(com-)3.969 E(ment\255begin) -144 96 Q F0 .84(causes this command to mak)3.34 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839 -(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .839(If a numeric ar)5.839 F +(wline had been typed.)-.25 F 1.468(The def)6.468 F 1.468(ault v)-.1 F +1.468(alue of)-.25 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(com-)3.968 E(ment\255begin) +144 96 Q F0 .839(causes this command to mak)3.339 F 3.339(et)-.1 G .839 +(he current line a shell comment.)-3.339 F .84(If a numeric ar)5.84 F (gu-)-.18 E(ment causes the comment character to be remo)144 108 Q -.15 (ve)-.15 G(d, the line will be e).15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G (cuted by the shell.).15 E F1(glob\255complete\255w)108 120 Q -(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .791(The w)144 132 R .791 -(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .792 +(ord \(M\255g\))-.1 E F0 .792(The w)144 132 R .791 +(ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .791 (xpansion, with an asterisk implicitly)-.15 F 2.5(appended. This)144 144 R(pattern is used to generate a list of matching \214lenames for possib\ le completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 156 Q(ord \(C\255x *\)) --.1 E F0 .176(The w)144 168 R .176 +-.1 E F0 .175(The w)144 168 R .176 (ord before point is treated as a pattern for pathname e)-.1 F .176 (xpansion, and the list of matching \214le-)-.15 F .516 (names is inserted, replacing the w)144 180 R 3.016(ord. If)-.1 F 3.016 @@ -5883,87 +5885,87 @@ le completions.)2.5 E F1(glob\255expand\255w)108 156 Q(ord \(C\255x *\)) .872(the line is redra)144 228 R 3.372(wn. If)-.15 F 3.372(an)3.372 G .872(umeric ar)-3.372 F .872 (gument is supplied, an asterisk is appended before pathname)-.18 F -.15 -(ex)144 240 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 252 Q F0 .627 -(Print all of the functions and their k)144 264 R .927 -.15(ey b)-.1 H -.626(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .626(If a numeric ar) -5.626 F(gu-)-.18 E +(ex)144 240 S(pansion.).15 E F1(dump\255functions)108 252 Q F0 .626 +(Print all of the functions and their k)144 264 R .926 -.15(ey b)-.1 H +.627(indings to the readline output stream.).15 F .627(If a numeric ar) +5.627 F(gu-)-.18 E (ment is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)144 276 Q (ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(inputr) 2.5 E(c)-.37 E F0(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255v)108 288 Q(ariables)-.1 E F0 -1.799(Print all of the settable readline v)144 300 R 1.799 -(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.8(alues to the readline output stream.) --.25 F 1.8(If a)6.8 F .305(numeric ar)144 312 R .304 +1.8(Print all of the settable readline v)144 300 R 1.799 +(ariables and their v)-.25 F 1.799(alues to the readline output stream.) +-.25 F 1.799(If a)6.799 F .304(numeric ar)144 312 R .304 (gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .304 (ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)144 324 Q(c)-.37 E F0 -(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 336 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .592 -(Print all of the readline k)144 348 R .892 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592 -(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.093(yo)-.15 G -3.093(utput. If)-3.093 F 3.093(an)3.093 G(umeric)-3.093 E(ar)144 360 Q +(\214le.)2.5 E F1(dump\255macr)108 336 Q(os)-.18 E F0 .593 +(Print all of the readline k)144 348 R .893 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .592 +(equences bound to macros and the strings the).15 F 3.092(yo)-.15 G +3.092(utput. If)-3.092 F 3.092(an)3.092 G(umeric)-3.092 E(ar)144 360 Q .528(gument is supplied, the output is formatted in such a w)-.18 F .528 -(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.027 E(c)-.37 E F0 +(ay that it can be made part of an)-.1 F F2(inputr)3.028 E(c)-.37 E F0 (\214le.)144 372 Q F1(display\255shell\255v)108 384 Q (ersion \(C\255x C\255v\))-.1 E F0(Display v)144 396 Q (ersion information about the current instance of)-.15 E F1(bash)2.5 E -F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 412.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .146(When w)108 +F0(.)A F1(Pr)87 412.8 Q(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0 .147(When w)108 424.8 R .147(ord completion is attempted for an ar)-.1 F .147 (gument to a command for which a completion speci\214cation \(a)-.18 F -F2(compspec)108 436.8 Q F0 3.829(\)h)C 1.329 -(as been de\214ned using the)-3.829 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu) +F2(compspec)108 436.8 Q F0 3.828(\)h)C 1.329 +(as been de\214ned using the)-3.828 F F1(complete)3.829 E F0 -.2(bu) 3.829 G 1.329(iltin \(see).2 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.329(SHELL B)3.829 -F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.328(w\), the) +F(UIL)-.09 E 1.329(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)3.579 E 1.329(w\), the) -.25 F(programmable completion f)108 448.8 Q(acilities are in)-.1 E -.2 -(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .497 -(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 465.6 R .497 -(If the command w)5.497 F .498 -(ord is the empty string \(completion attempted at)-.1 F .234(the be)108 +(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E .498 +(First, the command name is identi\214ed.)108 465.6 R .498 +(If the command w)5.498 F .497 +(ord is the empty string \(completion attempted at)-.1 F .233(the be)108 477.6 R .233(ginning of an empty line\), an)-.15 F 2.733(yc)-.15 G .233 (ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.733 F F1<ad45>2.733 E F0 .233(option to) -2.733 F F1(complete)2.733 E F0 .233(is used.)2.733 F .233(If a comp-) -5.233 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is \ -used to generate the list of possible completions)108 489.6 R .823 -(for the w)108 501.6 R 3.323(ord. If)-.1 F .823(the command w)3.323 F -.822(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is search\ -ed for)-.1 F 2.866(\214rst. If)108 513.6 R .367(no compspec is found fo\ +2.733 F F1(complete)2.733 E F0 .233(is used.)2.733 F .234(If a comp-) +5.234 F .481(spec has been de\214ned for that command, the compspec is \ +used to generate the list of possible completions)108 489.6 R .822 +(for the w)108 501.6 R 3.322(ord. If)-.1 F .822(the command w)3.322 F +.823(ord is a full pathname, a compspec for the full pathname is search\ +ed for)-.1 F 2.867(\214rst. If)108 513.6 R .366(no compspec is found fo\ r the full pathname, an attempt is made to \214nd a compspec for the po\ -rtion)2.866 F(follo)108 525.6 Q .299(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298 -(If those searches do not result in a compspec, an)5.299 F 2.798(yc)-.15 -G .298(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.798 F F1<ad44>2.798 E F0(option to) +rtion)2.867 F(follo)108 525.6 Q .298(wing the \214nal slash.)-.25 F .298 +(If those searches do not result in a compspec, an)5.298 F 2.799(yc)-.15 +G .299(ompspec de\214ned with the)-2.799 F F1<ad44>2.799 E F0(option to) 108 537.6 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0(is used as the def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E .817(Once a compspec has been found, it is used to generate the list of\ matching w)108 554.4 R 3.317(ords. If)-.1 F 3.317(ac)3.317 G .817 (ompspec is not)-3.317 F(found, the def)108 566.4 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash) 2.5 E F0(completion as described abo)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 -E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .464 +E F1(Completing)2.5 E F0(is performed.)2.5 E .463 (First, the actions speci\214ed by the compspec are used.)108 583.2 R -.463(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .463(ed by the w)-.15 F -.463(ord being)-.1 F .595(completed are returned.)108 595.2 R .595 -(When the)5.595 F F1<ad66>3.095 E F0(or)3.095 E F1<ad64>3.095 E F0 .596 +.464(Only matches which are pre\214x)5.464 F .464(ed by the w)-.15 F +.464(ord being)-.1 F .596(completed are returned.)108 595.2 R .596 +(When the)5.596 F F1<ad66>3.096 E F0(or)3.095 E F1<ad64>3.095 E F0 .595 (option is used for \214lename or directory name completion, the)3.095 F (shell v)108 607.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 (is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(An)108 624 Q 4.084(yc)-.15 G 1.584(ompletions speci\214ed by a pathname e)-4.084 F 1.584 (xpansion pattern to the)-.15 F F1<ad47>4.084 E F0 1.584 (option are generated ne)4.084 F 4.084(xt. The)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 636 S -.554(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .555 -(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.555 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.055 E F0 .555 -(shell v)2.805 F(ari-)-.25 E +.555(rds generated by the pattern need not match the w).1 F .554 +(ord being completed.)-.1 F(The)5.554 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.054 E F0 .554 +(shell v)2.804 F(ari-)-.25 E (able is not used to \214lter the matches, b)108 648 Q(ut the)-.2 E F3 (FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 -.25(va)2.25 G(riable is used.).25 E(Ne)108 664.8 Q -.321(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .321(gument to the)-.18 -F F1<ad57>2.821 E F0 .32(option is considered.)2.821 F .32 -(The string is \214rst split using the)5.32 F .412(characters in the)108 -676.8 R F3(IFS)2.912 E F0 .412(special v)2.662 F .412 +.32(xt, the string speci\214ed as the ar)-.15 F .32(gument to the)-.18 F +F1<ad57>2.82 E F0 .321(option is considered.)2.821 F .321 +(The string is \214rst split using the)5.321 F .413(characters in the) +108 676.8 R F3(IFS)2.913 E F0 .412(special v)2.663 F .412 (ariable as delimiters.)-.25 F .412(Shell quoting is honored.)5.412 F -.413(Each w)5.412 F .413(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .092 -(using brace e)108 688.8 R .092(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092 -(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .091 -(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.396(metic e)108 +.412(Each w)5.412 F .412(ord is then e)-.1 F(xpanded)-.15 E .091 +(using brace e)108 688.8 R .091(xpansion, tilde e)-.15 F .092 +(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .092(ariable e)-.25 F .092 +(xpansion, command substitution, and arith-)-.15 F 1.397(metic e)108 700.8 R 1.396(xpansion, as described abo)-.15 F 1.696 -.15(ve u)-.15 H (nder).15 E F3(EXP)3.896 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.396(The results are split using the rules described)5.896 F(abo)108 -712.8 Q .51 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.71 G .21 -(rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.21(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.21 F .209 -(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .209(ainst the w)-.05 F .209 +712.8 Q .509 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)2.709 G .209 +(rd Splitting).75 F F0 5.209(.T)C .209(he results of the e)-5.209 F .209 +(xpansion are pre\214x-matched ag)-.15 F .21(ainst the w)-.05 F .21 (ord being com-)-.1 F(pleted, and the matching w)108 724.8 Q (ords become the possible completions.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q (2016 May 29)148.175 E(49)197.335 E 0 Cg EP @@ -5972,129 +5974,129 @@ F F1<ad57>2.821 E F0 .32(option is considered.)2.821 F .32 BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.237 -(After these matches ha)108 84 R 1.537 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.237 -(een generated, an).15 F 3.737(ys)-.15 G 1.238 -(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.737 F/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad46>3.738 E F0(and)3.738 E F1<ad43>3.738 E F0 3.376 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.238 +(After these matches ha)108 84 R 1.538 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.238 +(een generated, an).15 F 3.738(ys)-.15 G 1.237 +(hell function or command speci\214ed with the)-3.738 F/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad46>3.737 E F0(and)3.737 E F1<ad43>3.737 E F0 3.375 (options is in)108 96 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 5.875(d. When).1 F 3.375(the command or function is in)5.875 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G -3.375(d, the).1 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_LINE)5.875 E/F3 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F2(COMP_POINT)5.625 E F3(,)A F2(COMP_KEY)108 108 Q -F3(,)A F0(and)2.407 E F2(COMP_TYPE)2.657 E F0 -.25(va)2.407 G .157 +3.375(d, the).1 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_LINE)5.876 E/F3 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F2(COMP_POINT)5.626 E F3(,)A F2(COMP_KEY)108 108 Q +F3(,)A F0(and)2.408 E F2(COMP_TYPE)2.658 E F0 -.25(va)2.408 G .157 (riables are assigned v).25 F .157(alues as described abo)-.25 F .457 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .158(Shell V)2.658 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 -5.158(.I)C(f)-5.158 E 3.486(as)108 120 S .986(hell function is being in) --3.486 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .986(d, the).1 F F2(COMP_W)3.486 E +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 .157(Shell V)2.657 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 +5.157(.I)C(f)-5.157 E 3.485(as)108 120 S .986(hell function is being in) +-3.485 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .986(d, the).1 F F2(COMP_W)3.486 E (ORDS)-.09 E F0(and)3.236 E F2(COMP_CW)3.486 E(ORD)-.09 E F0 -.25(va) -3.236 G .986(riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.985 E .346 -(the function or command is in)108 132 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .346 -(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .346(gument \()-.18 F F1($1)A F0 2.847(\)i)C -2.847(st)-2.847 G .347(he name of the command whose ar)-2.847 F(guments) --.18 E .264(are being completed, the second ar)108 144 R .264(gument \() --.18 F F1($2)A F0 2.764(\)i)C 2.764(st)-2.764 G .264(he w)-2.764 F .263 -(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .263(gument \()-.18 F F1 -($3)A F0 2.763(\)i)C(s)-2.763 E .628(the w)108 156 R .628 +3.236 G .986(riables are also set.).25 F(When)5.986 E .347 +(the function or command is in)108 132 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .347 +(d, the \214rst ar).1 F .346(gument \()-.18 F F1($1)A F0 2.846(\)i)C +2.846(st)-2.846 G .346(he name of the command whose ar)-2.846 F(guments) +-.18 E .263(are being completed, the second ar)108 144 R .263(gument \() +-.18 F F1($2)A F0 2.763(\)i)C 2.763(st)-2.763 G .264(he w)-2.763 F .264 +(ord being completed, and the third ar)-.1 F .264(gument \()-.18 F F1 +($3)A F0 2.764(\)i)C(s)-2.764 E .629(the w)108 156 R .629 (ord preceding the w)-.1 F .629 -(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .629 -(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .715(completions ag)108 168 R -.715(ainst the w)-.05 F .714(ord being completed is performed; the func\ +(ord being completed on the current command line.)-.1 F .628 +(No \214ltering of the generated)5.629 F .714(completions ag)108 168 R +.714(ainst the w)-.05 F .714(ord being completed is performed; the func\ tion or command has complete free-)-.1 F(dom in generating the matches.) -108 180 Q(An)108 196.8 Q 2.937(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with) --2.937 F F1<ad46>2.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G +108 180 Q(An)108 196.8 Q 2.938(yf)-.15 G .437(unction speci\214ed with) +-2.938 F F1<ad46>2.937 E F0 .437(is in)2.937 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.937<648c>.1 G 2.937(rst. The)-2.937 F .437(function may use an)2.937 F -2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437(he shell f)-2.937 F .438 -(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 208.8 Q F1(compgen)2.957 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.957 G .457(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956 -(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .456 +2.937(yo)-.15 G 2.937(ft)-2.937 G .437(he shell f)-2.937 F .437 +(acilities, including)-.1 F(the)108 208.8 Q F1(compgen)2.956 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.956 G .456(iltin described belo).2 F 1.756 -.65(w, t)-.25 H 2.956 +(og).65 G .456(enerate the matches.)-2.956 F .457 (It must put the possible completions in the)5.456 F F2(COMPREPL)108 220.8 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable, one per array element.)-.25 -E(Ne)108 237.6 Q .08(xt, an)-.15 F 2.58(yc)-.15 G .08 -(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.58 F F1<ad43>2.58 E F0 .081 -(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.581(di).1 G 2.581(na) --2.581 G 2.581(ne)-2.581 G -.4(nv)-2.581 G .081(ironment equi).4 F -.25 -(va)-.25 G .081(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.859(stitution. It)108 249.6 -R .359(should print a list of completions, one per line, to the standar\ -d output.)2.859 F .358(Backslash may be used)5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 -261.6 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E .376 +E(Ne)108 237.6 Q .081(xt, an)-.15 F 2.581(yc)-.15 G .081 +(ommand speci\214ed with the)-2.581 F F1<ad43>2.581 E F0 .081 +(option is in)2.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.581(di).1 G 2.58(na) +-2.581 G 2.58(ne)-2.58 G -.4(nv)-2.58 G .08(ironment equi).4 F -.25(va) +-.25 G .08(lent to command sub-).25 F 2.858(stitution. It)108 249.6 R +.359(should print a list of completions, one per line, to the standard \ +output.)2.858 F .359(Backslash may be used)5.359 F(to escape a ne)108 +261.6 Q(wline, if necessary)-.25 E(.)-.65 E .377 (After all of the possible completions are generated, an)108 278.4 R -2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F1<ad58>2.877 -E F0 .377(option is applied to the)2.877 F 3.182(list. The)108 290.4 R -.682(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.182 F .681 -(xpansion; a)-.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .681 -(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.181 F .681(xt of)-.15 F .522 -(the w)108 302.4 R .522(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.022(Al)5.522 G -(iteral)-3.022 E F1(&)3.022 E F0 .523 +2.877<798c>-.15 G .377(lter speci\214ed with the)-2.877 F F1<ad58>2.876 +E F0 .376(option is applied to the)2.876 F 3.181(list. The)108 290.4 R +.681(\214lter is a pattern as used for pathname e)3.181 F .681 +(xpansion; a)-.15 F F1(&)3.181 E F0 .682 +(in the pattern is replaced with the te)3.182 F .682(xt of)-.15 F .523 +(the w)108 302.4 R .523(ord being completed.)-.1 F 3.023(Al)5.523 G +(iteral)-3.023 E F1(&)3.023 E F0 .522 (may be escaped with a backslash; the backslash is remo)3.022 F -.15(ve) --.15 G 3.023(db).15 G(efore)-3.023 E .85(attempting a match.)108 314.4 R -(An)5.85 E 3.35(yc)-.15 G .849 -(ompletion that matches the pattern will be remo)-3.35 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.349(df).15 G .849(rom the list.)-3.349 F 3.349(Al)5.849 G(eading) --3.349 E F1(!)3.349 E F0(ne)108 326.4 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G .764 +-.15 G 3.022(db).15 G(efore)-3.022 E .849(attempting a match.)108 314.4 +R(An)5.849 E 3.349(yc)-.15 G .849 +(ompletion that matches the pattern will be remo)-3.349 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +3.35(df).15 G .85(rom the list.)-3.35 F 3.35(Al)5.85 G(eading)-3.35 E F1 +(!)3.35 E F0(ne)108 326.4 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G .764 (tes the pattern; in this case an).05 F 3.264(yc)-.15 G .764 (ompletion not matching the pattern will be remo)-3.264 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.264(d. If).15 F(the)3.265 E F1(nocase-)3.265 E(match)108 338.4 Q F0 +3.264(d. If).15 F(the)3.264 E F1(nocase-)3.264 E(match)108 338.4 Q F0 (shell option is enabled, the match is performed without re)2.5 E -.05 (ga)-.15 G(rd to the case of alphabetic characters.).05 E(Finally)108 -355.2 Q 3.087(,a)-.65 G .887 -.15(ny p)-3.087 H .587(re\214x and suf).15 +355.2 Q 3.086(,a)-.65 G .886 -.15(ny p)-3.086 H .586(re\214x and suf).15 F .587(\214x speci\214ed with the)-.25 F F1<ad50>3.087 E F0(and)3.087 E F1<ad53>3.087 E F0 .587(options are added to each member of the com-) 3.087 F(pletion list, and the result is returned to the readline comple\ -tion code as the list of possible completions.)108 367.2 Q .246 +tion code as the list of possible completions.)108 367.2 Q .247 (If the pre)108 384 R .247(viously-applied actions do not generate an) -.25 F 2.747(ym)-.15 G .247(atches, and the)-2.747 F F1 .247(\255o dir) -2.747 F(names)-.15 E F0 .247(option w)2.747 F .247(as supplied to)-.1 F +2.747 F(names)-.15 E F0 .247(option w)2.747 F .246(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)108 396 Q F0(when the compspec w)2.5 E -(as de\214ned, directory name completion is attempted.)-.1 E .462 -(If the)108 412.8 R F1 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.962 F F0 .462(option w) +(as de\214ned, directory name completion is attempted.)-.1 E .461 +(If the)108 412.8 R F1 .462(\255o plusdirs)2.961 F F0 .462(option w) 2.962 F .462(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)2.962 E F0 .462 (when the compspec w)2.962 F .462(as de\214ned, directory name com-)-.1 F(pletion is attempted and an)108 424.8 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G -(atches are added to the results of the other actions.)-2.5 E .559 -(By def)108 441.6 R .559(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.059(ri).15 G 3.059(tg)-3.059 G .56 -(enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.059 F -.632(of possible completions.)108 453.6 R .632(The def)5.632 F(ault)-.1 -E F1(bash)3.132 E F0 .631 -(completions are not attempted, and the readline def)3.131 F .631 -(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .558(name completion is disabled.)108 465.6 R -.558(If the)5.558 F F1 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w) -3.059 F .559(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.059 E F0 .559 -(when the compspec)3.059 F -.1(wa)108 477.6 S 3.172(sd).1 G .672 -(e\214ned, the)-3.172 F F1(bash)3.172 E F0(def)3.172 E .671 +(atches are added to the results of the other actions.)-2.5 E .56 +(By def)108 441.6 R .56(ault, if a compspec is found, whate)-.1 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.06(ri).15 G 3.06(tg)-3.06 G .559 +(enerates is returned to the completion code as the full set)-3.06 F +.631(of possible completions.)108 453.6 R .631(The def)5.631 F(ault)-.1 +E F1(bash)3.131 E F0 .631 +(completions are not attempted, and the readline def)3.131 F .632 +(ault of \214le-)-.1 F .559(name completion is disabled.)108 465.6 R +.559(If the)5.559 F F1 .559(\255o bashdefault)3.059 F F0 .559(option w) +3.059 F .559(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.058 E F0 .558 +(when the compspec)3.058 F -.1(wa)108 477.6 S 3.171(sd).1 G .671 +(e\214ned, the)-3.171 F F1(bash)3.171 E F0(def)3.171 E .671 (ault completions are attempted if the compspec generates no matches.) --.1 F .671(If the)5.671 F F1<ad6f>3.171 E(default)108 489.6 Q F0 1.207 -(option w)3.706 F 1.207(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.707 E F0 +-.1 F .672(If the)5.672 F F1<ad6f>3.172 E(default)108 489.6 Q F0 1.207 +(option w)3.707 F 1.207(as supplied to)-.1 F F1(complete)3.707 E F0 1.207(when the compspec w)3.707 F 1.207(as de\214ned, readline')-.1 F -3.707(sd)-.55 G(ef)-3.707 E 1.207(ault completion)-.1 F +3.707(sd)-.55 G(ef)-3.707 E 1.206(ault completion)-.1 F (will be performed if the compspec \(and, if attempted, the def)108 501.6 Q(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.5 E F0(completions\) generate no matches.) 2.5 E .245(When a compspec indicates that directory name completion is \ -desired, the programmable completion func-)108 518.4 R .632(tions force\ +desired, the programmable completion func-)108 518.4 R .633(tions force\ readline to append a slash to completed names which are symbolic links\ - to directories, subject)108 530.4 R 2.762(to the v)108 542.4 R 2.762 -(alue of the)-.25 F F1(mark\255dir)5.262 E(ectories)-.18 E F0 2.761 -(readline v)5.262 F 2.761(ariable, re)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.761 -(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F1(mark-sym-)5.261 E(link)108 554.4 + to directories, subject)108 530.4 R 2.761(to the v)108 542.4 R 2.761 +(alue of the)-.25 F F1(mark\255dir)5.261 E(ectories)-.18 E F0 2.761 +(readline v)5.261 F 2.761(ariable, re)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.762 +(rdless of the setting of the).05 F F1(mark-sym-)5.262 E(link)108 554.4 Q(ed\255dir)-.1 E(ectories)-.18 E F0(readline v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E -.19(There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.)108 -571.2 R .191(This is most useful when used in combina-)5.191 F 1.33 +.191(There is some support for dynamically modifying completions.)108 +571.2 R .19(This is most useful when used in combina-)5.191 F 1.33 (tion with a def)108 583.2 R 1.33(ault completion speci\214ed with)-.1 F F1 1.33(complete -D)3.83 F F0 6.33(.I)C(t')-6.33 E 3.83(sp)-.55 G 1.33 (ossible for shell functions e)-3.83 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.33(cuted as).15 F .93(completion handlers to indicate that completion should be retried\ by returning an e)108 595.2 R .93(xit status of 124.)-.15 F .93(If a) 5.93 F .1(shell function returns 124, and changes the compspec associat\ -ed with the command on which completion is)108 607.2 R .665 -(being attempted \(supplied as the \214rst ar)108 619.2 R .666 -(gument when the function is e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .666 -(cuted\), programmable completion).15 F .084(restarts from the be)108 +ed with the command on which completion is)108 607.2 R .666 +(being attempted \(supplied as the \214rst ar)108 619.2 R .665 +(gument when the function is e)-.18 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .665 +(cuted\), programmable completion).15 F .083(restarts from the be)108 631.2 R .084(ginning, with an attempt to \214nd a ne)-.15 F 2.584(wc) --.25 G .084(ompspec for that command.)-2.584 F .083(This allo)5.083 F -.083(ws a set of)-.25 F(completions to be b)108 643.2 Q(uilt dynamicall\ +-.25 G .084(ompspec for that command.)-2.584 F .084(This allo)5.084 F +.084(ws a set of)-.25 F(completions to be b)108 643.2 Q(uilt dynamicall\ y as completion is attempted, rather than being loaded all at once.)-.2 -E -.15(Fo)108 660 S 2.636(ri).15 G .137 -(nstance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each k)-2.636 F +E -.15(Fo)108 660 S 2.637(ri).15 G .137 +(nstance, assuming that there is a library of compspecs, each k)-2.637 F .137(ept in a \214le corresponding to the name of)-.1 F (the command, the follo)108 672 Q(wing def)-.25 E (ault completion function w)-.1 E(ould load completions dynamically:)-.1 @@ -6110,141 +6112,141 @@ BP /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Courier@0 SF (complete -D -F _completion_loader -o bashdefault -o default)108 84 Q/F2 -10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 112.8 Q(OR)-.197 E(Y)-.383 E F0 .372 -(When the)108 124.8 R/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF .372(\255o history)2.872 F -F0 .372(option to the)2.872 F F3(set)2.872 E F0 -.2(bu)2.872 G .372 -(iltin is enabled, the shell pro).2 F .371(vides access to the)-.15 F/F4 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF .371(command history)2.871 F F0(,)A .304 -(the list of commands pre)108 136.8 R .304(viously typed.)-.25 F .304 -(The v)5.304 F .304(alue of the)-.25 F/F5 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTSIZE) -2.804 E F0 -.25(va)2.554 G .305(riable is used as the number of com-).25 -F .43(mands to sa)108 148.8 R .73 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.93(nah).15 G .43 -(istory list.)-2.93 F .43(The te)5.43 F .429(xt of the last)-.15 F F5 -(HISTSIZE)2.929 E F0 .429(commands \(def)2.679 F .429(ault 500\) is sa) --.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.929(d. The).15 F(shell)2.929 E .287 +10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)72 112.8 Q(OR)-.197 E(Y)-.383 E F0 .371 +(When the)108 124.8 R/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF .371(\255o history)2.871 F +F0 .371(option to the)2.871 F F3(set)2.872 E F0 -.2(bu)2.872 G .372 +(iltin is enabled, the shell pro).2 F .372(vides access to the)-.15 F/F4 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF .372(command history)2.872 F F0(,)A .305 +(the list of commands pre)108 136.8 R .305(viously typed.)-.25 F .305 +(The v)5.305 F .304(alue of the)-.25 F/F5 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTSIZE) +2.804 E F0 -.25(va)2.554 G .304(riable is used as the number of com-).25 +F .429(mands to sa)108 148.8 R .729 -.15(ve i)-.2 H 2.929(nah).15 G .429 +(istory list.)-2.929 F .429(The te)5.429 F .429(xt of the last)-.15 F F5 +(HISTSIZE)2.93 E F0 .43(commands \(def)2.68 F .43(ault 500\) is sa)-.1 F +-.15(ve)-.2 G 2.93(d. The).15 F(shell)2.93 E .287 (stores each command in the history list prior to parameter and v)108 160.8 R .287(ariable e)-.25 F .287(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F5(EXP)2.787 E (ANSION)-.666 E F0(abo)2.537 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -.2(bu)108 172.8 -S 4.066(ta).2 G 1.565(fter history e)-4.066 F 1.565 +S 4.065(ta).2 G 1.565(fter history e)-4.065 F 1.565 (xpansion is performed, subject to the v)-.15 F 1.565 (alues of the shell v)-.25 F(ariables)-.25 E F5(HISTIGNORE)4.065 E F0 -(and)3.815 E F5(HISTCONTR)108 184.8 Q(OL)-.27 E/F6 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) +(and)3.816 E F5(HISTCONTR)108 184.8 Q(OL)-.27 E/F6 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) A F0 .082 (On startup, the history is initialized from the \214le named by the v) -108 201.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F5(HISTFILE)2.583 E F0(\(def)2.333 E(ault)-.1 -E F4(~/.bash_history)2.583 E F0(\).)A .315(The \214le named by the v)108 +108 201.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F5(HISTFILE)2.582 E F0(\(def)2.332 E(ault)-.1 +E F4(~/.bash_history)2.582 E F0(\).)A .315(The \214le named by the v)108 213.6 R .315(alue of)-.25 F F5(HISTFILE)2.815 E F0 .315 (is truncated, if necessary)2.565 F 2.815(,t)-.65 G 2.815(oc)-2.815 G -.315(ontain no more than the number of)-2.815 F .658 -(lines speci\214ed by the v)108 225.6 R .658(alue of)-.25 F F5 +.315(ontain no more than the number of)-2.815 F .659 +(lines speci\214ed by the v)108 225.6 R .659(alue of)-.25 F F5 (HISTFILESIZE)3.158 E F6(.)A F0(If)5.158 E F3(HISTFILESIZE)3.158 E F0 -.659(is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric)3.158 F -.25(va)108 237.6 S +.658(is unset, or set to null, a non-numeric)3.158 F -.25(va)108 237.6 S .142(lue, or a numeric v).25 F .142 (alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 F .142 -(When the history \214le is read, lines)5.142 F(be)108 249.6 Q 1.604 +(When the history \214le is read, lines)5.142 F(be)108 249.6 Q 1.605 (ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F 1.604 (wed immediately by a digit are interpreted as time-)-.25 F .098 (stamps for the preceding history line.)108 261.6 R .098 (These timestamps are optionally displayed depending on the v)5.098 F -.098(alue of)-.25 F(the)108 273.6 Q F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.558 E(T)-.855 E +.098(alue of)-.25 F(the)108 273.6 Q F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.559 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)3.309 G 3.559(riable. When).25 F 3.559(as)3.559 G 1.059 (hell with history enabled e)-3.559 F 1.059(xits, the last)-.15 F F5 -($HISTSIZE)3.559 E F0 1.059(lines are)3.309 F .159 -(copied from the history list to)108 285.6 R F5($HISTFILE)2.659 E F6(.)A -F0 .159(If the)4.659 F F3(histappend)2.658 E F0 .158 -(shell option is enabled \(see the description of)2.658 F F3(shopt)108 -297.6 Q F0(under)2.581 E F5 .081(SHELL B)2.581 F(UIL)-.09 E .081 +($HISTSIZE)3.559 E F0 1.058(lines are)3.309 F .158 +(copied from the history list to)108 285.6 R F5($HISTFILE)2.658 E F6(.)A +F0 .158(If the)4.658 F F3(histappend)2.658 E F0 .159 +(shell option is enabled \(see the description of)2.659 F F3(shopt)108 +297.6 Q F0(under)2.582 E F5 .082(SHELL B)2.582 F(UIL)-.09 E .082 (TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)2.332 E .082 (w\), the lines are appended to the history \214le, otherwise the)-.25 F -.197(history \214le is o)108 309.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.697(rwritten. If) -.15 F F5(HISTFILE)2.697 E F0 .196(is unset, or if the history \214le is\ - unwritable, the history is not sa)2.447 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(d.).15 E .583 -(If the)108 321.6 R F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.083 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.834 +.196(history \214le is o)108 309.6 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(rwritten. If) +.15 F F5(HISTFILE)2.696 E F0 .197(is unset, or if the history \214le is\ + unwritable, the history is not sa)2.446 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(d.).15 E .584 +(If the)108 321.6 R F5(HISTTIMEFORMA)3.084 E(T)-.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.834 G .584 (riable is set, time stamps are written to the history \214le, mark).25 -F .584(ed with the his-)-.1 F 1.148(tory comment character)108 333.6 R -3.648(,s)-.4 G 3.648(ot)-3.648 G(he)-3.648 E 3.648(ym)-.15 G 1.147 -(ay be preserv)-3.648 F 1.147(ed across shell sessions.)-.15 F 1.147 -(This uses the history comment)6.147 F 1.376 +F .583(ed with the his-)-.1 F 1.147(tory comment character)108 333.6 R +3.647(,s)-.4 G 3.647(ot)-3.647 G(he)-3.647 E 3.647(ym)-.15 G 1.147 +(ay be preserv)-3.647 F 1.147(ed across shell sessions.)-.15 F 1.148 +(This uses the history comment)6.148 F 1.377 (character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.)108 345.6 -R 1.377(After sa)6.377 F 1.377(ving the history)-.2 F 3.877(,t)-.65 G -1.377(he history \214le is)-3.877 F .757 +R 1.377(After sa)6.377 F 1.377(ving the history)-.2 F 3.876(,t)-.65 G +1.376(he history \214le is)-3.876 F .756 (truncated to contain no more than)108 357.6 R F5(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E F0 3.257(lines. If)3.007 F F5(HISTFILESIZE)3.257 E F0 .757 (is unset, or set to null, a non-)3.007 F(numeric v)108 369.6 Q (alue, or a numeric v)-.25 E -(alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 E .298 -(The b)108 386.4 R .298(uiltin command)-.2 F F3(fc)2.798 E F0(\(see) -2.798 E F5 .298(SHELL B)2.798 F(UIL)-.09 E .298(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 -(belo)2.549 E .299(w\) may be used to list or edit and re-e)-.25 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E .472(cute a portion of the history list.)108 398.4 R -(The)5.472 E F3(history)2.972 E F0 -.2(bu)2.972 G .471 -(iltin may be used to display or modify the history list and).2 F .001 +(alue less than zero, the history \214le is not truncated.)-.25 E .299 +(The b)108 386.4 R .299(uiltin command)-.2 F F3(fc)2.799 E F0(\(see) +2.799 E F5 .299(SHELL B)2.799 F(UIL)-.09 E .299(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 +(belo)2.549 E .298(w\) may be used to list or edit and re-e)-.25 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E .471(cute a portion of the history list.)108 398.4 R +(The)5.471 E F3(history)2.971 E F0 -.2(bu)2.971 G .472 +(iltin may be used to display or modify the history list and).2 F .002 (manipulate the history \214le.)108 410.4 R .001 -(When using command-line editing, search commands are a)5.001 F -.25(va) --.2 G .002(ilable in each edit-).25 F(ing mode that pro)108 422.4 Q -(vide access to the history list.)-.15 E 1.486(The shell allo)108 439.2 -R 1.486(ws control o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.986(rw).15 G 1.486 +(When using command-line editing, search commands are a)5.002 F -.25(va) +-.2 G .001(ilable in each edit-).25 F(ing mode that pro)108 422.4 Q +(vide access to the history list.)-.15 E 1.485(The shell allo)108 439.2 +R 1.485(ws control o)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.986(rw).15 G 1.486 (hich commands are sa)-3.986 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.986(do).15 G 3.986(nt) --3.986 G 1.486(he history list.)-3.986 F(The)6.485 E F5(HISTCONTR)3.985 -E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.735 E F5(HISTIGNORE)108 451.2 Q F0 -.25(va)2.707 G -.457(riables may be set to cause the shell to sa).25 F .758 -.15(ve o) --.2 H .458(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.458 E F3 +-3.986 G 1.486(he history list.)-3.986 F(The)6.486 E F5(HISTCONTR)3.986 +E(OL)-.27 E F0(and)3.736 E F5(HISTIGNORE)108 451.2 Q F0 -.25(va)2.708 G +.458(riables may be set to cause the shell to sa).25 F .757 -.15(ve o) +-.2 H .457(nly a subset of the commands entered.).15 F(The)5.457 E F3 (cmdhist)108 463.2 Q F0 .75 (shell option, if enabled, causes the shell to attempt to sa)3.25 F 1.05 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .75(ach line of a multi-line command in).15 F 1.077 (the same history entry)108 475.2 R 3.577(,a)-.65 G 1.077 (dding semicolons where necessary to preserv)-3.577 F 3.577(es)-.15 G -1.077(yntactic correctness.)-3.577 F(The)6.077 E F3(lithist)3.577 E F0 -.374(shell option causes the shell to sa)108 487.2 R .674 -.15(ve t)-.2 -H .374(he command with embedded ne).15 F .373 -(wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .373(See the)5.373 F .318 -(description of the)108 499.2 R F3(shopt)2.818 E F0 -.2(bu)2.818 G .318 +1.077(yntactic correctness.)-3.577 F(The)6.077 E F3(lithist)3.576 E F0 +.373(shell option causes the shell to sa)108 487.2 R .674 -.15(ve t)-.2 +H .374(he command with embedded ne).15 F .374 +(wlines instead of semicolons.)-.25 F .374(See the)5.374 F .319 +(description of the)108 499.2 R F3(shopt)2.819 E F0 -.2(bu)2.819 G .318 (iltin belo).2 F 2.818(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.818 E F5 .318(SHELL B)2.818 F -(UIL)-.09 E .318(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .319 +(UIL)-.09 E .318(TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0 .318 (for information on setting and)2.568 F(unsetting shell options.)108 511.2 Q F2(HIST)72 528 Q(OR)-.197 E 2.738(YE)-.383 G(XP)-2.738 E(ANSION) --.81 E F0 .611(The shell supports a history e)108 540 R .611 -(xpansion feature that is similar to the history e)-.15 F .61 -(xpansion in)-.15 F F3(csh.)3.11 E F0 .61(This section)5.61 F .87 +-.81 E F0 .61(The shell supports a history e)108 540 R .611 +(xpansion feature that is similar to the history e)-.15 F .611 +(xpansion in)-.15 F F3(csh.)3.111 E F0 .611(This section)5.611 F .871 (describes what syntax features are a)108 552 R -.25(va)-.2 G 3.371 -(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def)3.371 F .871 -(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.171 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .871(hells, and).15 F -2.014(can be disabled using the)108 564 R F3(+H)4.514 E F0 2.014 +(ilable. This).25 F .871(feature is enabled by def)3.371 F .87 +(ault for interacti)-.1 F 1.17 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .87(hells, and).15 F +2.013(can be disabled using the)108 564 R F3(+H)4.514 E F0 2.014 (option to the)4.514 F F3(set)4.514 E F0 -.2(bu)4.514 G 2.014 -(iltin command \(see).2 F F5 2.013(SHELL B)4.513 F(UIL)-.09 E 2.013 +(iltin command \(see).2 F F5 2.014(SHELL B)4.514 F(UIL)-.09 E 2.014 (TIN COMMANDS)-.828 F F0(belo)108 576 Q 2.5(w\). Non-interacti)-.25 F .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells do not perform history e).15 E(xpansion by def) --.15 E(ault.)-.1 E 1.305(History e)108 592.8 R 1.305 +-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E 1.306(History e)108 592.8 R 1.306 (xpansions introduce w)-.15 F 1.306(ords from the history list into the\ - input stream, making it easy to repeat)-.1 F .21 -(commands, insert the ar)108 604.8 R .21(guments to a pre)-.18 F .209 + input stream, making it easy to repeat)-.1 F .209 +(commands, insert the ar)108 604.8 R .209(guments to a pre)-.18 F .21 (vious command into the current input line, or \214x errors in pre)-.25 -F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 616.8 Q(.)-.65 E 1.163(History e)108 +F(vious)-.25 E(commands quickly)108 616.8 Q(.)-.65 E 1.164(History e)108 633.6 R 1.163(xpansion is performed immediately after a complete line i\ s read, before the shell breaks it into)-.15 F -.1(wo)108 645.6 S 3.2 (rds. It).1 F(tak)3.2 E .7(es place in tw)-.1 F 3.2(op)-.1 G 3.2 (arts. The)-3.2 F .7 (\214rst is to determine which line from the history list to use during) -3.2 F 4.367(substitution. The)108 657.6 R 1.868(second is to select por\ -tions of that line for inclusion into the current one.)4.367 F 1.868 -(The line)6.868 F .663(selected from the history is the)108 669.6 R F4 --.15(ev)3.163 G(ent).15 E F0 3.163(,a)C .663 -(nd the portions of that line that are acted upon are)-3.163 F F4(wor) -3.162 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.662(.V)C(arious)-6.772 E F4(modi\214er)108 681.6 -Q(s)-.1 E F0 .226(are a)2.726 F -.25(va)-.2 G .226 -(ilable to manipulate the selected w).25 F 2.726(ords. The)-.1 F .227 -(line is brok)2.726 F .227(en into w)-.1 F .227(ords in the same f)-.1 F -(ashion)-.1 E .352(as when reading input, so that se)108 693.6 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F4(metac)2.852 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 .351 -(-separated w)B .351(ords surrounded by quotes are considered)-.1 F .624 -(one w)108 705.6 R 3.124(ord. History)-.1 F -.15(ex)3.124 G .624 -(pansions are introduced by the appearance of the history e).15 F .625 -(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.125(,w)-.4 G(hich)-3.125 E(is)108 717.6 Q -F3(!)3.511 E F0 .178(by def)3.511 F 2.678(ault. Only)-.1 F .178 -(backslash \()2.678 F F3(\\).833 E F0 2.678(\)a).833 G .178 -(nd single quotes can quote the history e)-2.678 F .177 -(xpansion character)-.15 F 2.677(,b)-.4 G .177(ut the his-)-2.877 F .67 +3.2 F 4.368(substitution. The)108 657.6 R 1.868(second is to select por\ +tions of that line for inclusion into the current one.)4.368 F 1.867 +(The line)6.867 F .662(selected from the history is the)108 669.6 R F4 +-.15(ev)3.162 G(ent).15 E F0 3.162(,a)C .663 +(nd the portions of that line that are acted upon are)-3.162 F F4(wor) +3.163 E(ds)-.37 E F0 5.663(.V)C(arious)-6.773 E F4(modi\214er)108 681.6 +Q(s)-.1 E F0 .227(are a)2.727 F -.25(va)-.2 G .227 +(ilable to manipulate the selected w).25 F 2.727(ords. The)-.1 F .226 +(line is brok)2.726 F .226(en into w)-.1 F .226(ords in the same f)-.1 F +(ashion)-.1 E .351(as when reading input, so that se)108 693.6 R -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E F4(metac)2.852 E(har)-.15 E(acter)-.15 E F0 .352 +(-separated w)B .352(ords surrounded by quotes are considered)-.1 F .625 +(one w)108 705.6 R 3.125(ord. History)-.1 F -.15(ex)3.125 G .624 +(pansions are introduced by the appearance of the history e).15 F .624 +(xpansion character)-.15 F 3.124(,w)-.4 G(hich)-3.124 E(is)108 717.6 Q +F3(!)3.51 E F0 .177(by def)3.51 F 2.677(ault. Only)-.1 F .177 +(backslash \()2.677 F F3(\\).833 E F0 2.678(\)a).833 G .178 +(nd single quotes can quote the history e)-2.678 F .178 +(xpansion character)-.15 F 2.678(,b)-.4 G .178(ut the his-)-2.878 F .67 (tory e)108 729.6 R .67(xpansion character is also treated as quoted if\ it immediately precedes the closing double quote in a)-.15 F (GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(51)197.335 E 0 Cg EP @@ -6258,50 +6260,50 @@ BP (ral characters inhibit history e).15 F .03 (xpansion if found immediately follo)-.15 F .03(wing the history e)-.25 F .03(xpansion character)-.15 F(,)-.4 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)108 112.8 T -3.162(ni).25 G 3.162(fi)-3.162 G 3.162(ti)-3.162 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G +3.163(ni).25 G 3.163(fi)-3.163 G 3.162(ti)-3.163 G 3.162(su)-3.162 G .662(nquoted: space, tab, ne)-3.162 F .662(wline, carriage return, and) -.25 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(=)3.162 E F0 5.662(.I)C 3.162(ft)-5.662 G (he)-3.162 E F1(extglob)3.162 E F0 .662(shell option is enabled,)3.162 F -F1(\()3.163 E F0(will also inhibit e)108 124.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(Se)108 -141.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .11(ral shell options settable with the).15 F F1 -(shopt)2.61 E F0 -.2(bu)2.61 G .109 -(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .109(vior of history e)-.2 F -(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.142(If the)108 153.6 R F1(histv)3.643 E(erify)-.1 E +F1(\()3.162 E F0(will also inhibit e)108 124.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(Se)108 +141.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .109(ral shell options settable with the).15 F F1 +(shopt)2.609 E F0 -.2(bu)2.609 G .11 +(iltin may be used to tailor the beha).2 F .11(vior of history e)-.2 F +(xpansion.)-.15 E 1.143(If the)108 153.6 R F1(histv)3.643 E(erify)-.1 E F0 1.143(shell option is enabled \(see the description of the)3.643 F F1 (shopt)3.643 E F0 -.2(bu)3.643 G 1.143(iltin belo).2 F 1.143(w\), and) --.25 F F1 -.18(re)3.643 G(adline).18 E F0(is)3.643 E .461(being used, h\ +-.25 F F1 -.18(re)3.643 G(adline).18 E F0(is)3.642 E .461(being used, h\ istory substitutions are not immediately passed to the shell parser)108 -165.6 R 5.46(.I)-.55 G .46(nstead, the e)-5.46 F .46(xpanded line)-.15 F -1.515(is reloaded into the)108 177.6 R F1 -.18(re)4.015 G(adline).18 E -F0 1.515(editing b)4.015 F(uf)-.2 E 1.516 -(fer for further modi\214cation.)-.25 F(If)6.516 E F1 -.18(re)4.016 G -(adline).18 E F0 1.516(is being used, and the)4.016 F F1(histr)108 189.6 +165.6 R 5.461(.I)-.55 G .461(nstead, the e)-5.461 F .461(xpanded line) +-.15 F 1.516(is reloaded into the)108 177.6 R F1 -.18(re)4.016 G(adline) +.18 E F0 1.516(editing b)4.016 F(uf)-.2 E 1.516 +(fer for further modi\214cation.)-.25 F(If)6.516 E F1 -.18(re)4.015 G +(adline).18 E F0 1.515(is being used, and the)4.015 F F1(histr)108 189.6 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 1.202(shell option is enabled, a f)3.702 F 1.202 (ailed history substitution will be reloaded into the)-.1 F F1 -.18(re) 3.702 G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.702 E -.2(bu)108 201.6 S -.25(ff).2 G -1.16(er for correction.).25 F(The)6.16 E F1<ad70>3.66 E F0 1.16 -(option to the)3.66 F F1(history)3.66 E F0 -.2(bu)3.661 G 1.161 +1.161(er for correction.).25 F(The)6.161 E F1<ad70>3.661 E F0 1.161 +(option to the)3.661 F F1(history)3.661 E F0 -.2(bu)3.661 G 1.16 (iltin command may be used to see what a history).2 F -.15(ex)108 213.6 -S .056(pansion will do before using it.).15 F(The)5.056 E F1<ad73>2.556 -E F0 .056(option to the)2.556 F F1(history)2.555 E F0 -.2(bu)2.555 G -.055(iltin may be used to add commands to the).2 F +S .055(pansion will do before using it.).15 F(The)5.055 E F1<ad73>2.555 +E F0 .055(option to the)2.555 F F1(history)2.556 E F0 -.2(bu)2.556 G +.056(iltin may be used to add commands to the).2 F (end of the history list without actually e)108 225.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cuting them, so that the).15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re a)-2.5 E -.25(va)-.2 G (ilable for subsequent recall.).25 E 2.2(The shell allo)108 242.4 R 2.2 (ws control of the v)-.25 F 2.2(arious characters used by the history e) --.25 F 2.2(xpansion mechanism \(see the)-.15 F 1.147(description of)108 -254.4 R F1(histchars)3.647 E F0(abo)3.647 E 1.447 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder) -.15 E F1 1.147(Shell V)3.647 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 3.646(\). The)B 1.146 +-.25 F 2.2(xpansion mechanism \(see the)-.15 F 1.146(description of)108 +254.4 R F1(histchars)3.646 E F0(abo)3.646 E 1.446 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder) +.15 E F1 1.146(Shell V)3.646 F(ariables)-.92 E F0 3.646(\). The)B 1.147 (shell uses the history comment character to)3.646 F (mark history timestamps when writing the history \214le.)108 266.4 Q F1 -(Ev)87 283.2 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .204(An e)108 295.2 R -.15(ve) +(Ev)87 283.2 Q(ent Designators)-.1 E F0 .205(An e)108 295.2 R -.15(ve) -.25 G .204(nt designator is a reference to a command line entry in the\ - history list.).15 F .205(Unless the reference is abso-)5.204 F(lute, e) + history list.).15 F .204(Unless the reference is abso-)5.204 F(lute, e) 108 307.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nts are relati).15 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.5 (ot).15 G(he current position in the history list.)-2.5 E F1(!)108 324 Q -F0 1.608(Start a history substitution, e)144 324 R 1.608 +F0 1.607(Start a history substitution, e)144 324 R 1.607 (xcept when follo)-.15 F 1.607(wed by a)-.25 F F1(blank)4.107 E F0 4.107 -(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.607(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F +(,n)C -.25(ew)-4.107 G 1.608(line, carriage return, = or \().25 F (\(when the)144 336 Q F1(extglob)2.5 E F0 (shell option is enabled using the)2.5 E F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltin\).).2 E F1(!)108 348 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 @@ -6316,43 +6318,43 @@ ecent command preceding the current position in the history list contai\ ning)144 420 R F2(string)144 432 Q F0 5(.T).22 G(he trailing)-5 E F1(?) 2.5 E F0(may be omitted if)2.5 E F2(string)2.84 E F0(is follo)2.72 E (wed immediately by a ne)-.25 E(wline.)-.25 E/F3 12/Times-Bold@0 SF(^) -108 449 Q F2(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I F3(^)5 I F0 .783 -(Quick substitution.)144 456 R .783(Repeat the pre)5.783 F .784 -(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F2(string1)3.624 E F0(with)3.284 E F2 -(string2)3.284 E F0 5.784(.E).02 G(qui)-5.784 E -.25(va)-.25 G .784 +108 449 Q F2(string1)-5 I F3(^)5 I F2(string2)-5 I F3(^)5 I F0 .784 +(Quick substitution.)144 456 R .784(Repeat the pre)5.784 F .784 +(vious command, replacing)-.25 F F2(string1)3.624 E F0(with)3.283 E F2 +(string2)3.283 E F0 5.783(.E).02 G(qui)-5.783 E -.25(va)-.25 G .783 (lent to).25 F -.74(``)144 468 S(!!:s/).74 E F2(string1)A F0(/)A F2 (string2)A F0(/')A 2.5('\()-.74 G(see)-2.5 E F1(Modi\214ers)2.5 E F0 (belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(!#)108 480 Q F0 (The entire command line typed so f)144 480 Q(ar)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F1 -.75 -(Wo)87 496.8 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 508.8 S 1.314 +(Wo)87 496.8 S(rd Designators).75 E F0 -.8(Wo)108 508.8 S 1.313 (rd designators are used to select desired w).8 F 1.314(ords from the e) --.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F1(:)3.814 E F0 1.313 -(separates the e)3.813 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.313(nt speci\214cation).15 F -.529(from the w)108 520.8 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G +-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nt. A).15 F F1(:)3.814 E F0 1.314 +(separates the e)3.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.314(nt speci\214cation).15 F +.53(from the w)108 520.8 R .529(ord designator)-.1 F 5.529(.I)-.55 G 3.029(tm)-5.529 G .529(ay be omitted if the w)-3.029 F .529 (ord designator be)-.1 F .529(gins with a)-.15 F F1(^)3.029 E F0(,)A F1 ($)3.029 E F0(,)A F1(*)3.029 E F0(,)A F1<ad>3.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r) --3.029 E F1(%)3.029 E F0 5.53(.W)C(ords)-6.33 E 1.301 -(are numbered from the be)108 532.8 R 1.301 -(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.3 -(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.3 G 1.3(rds are).8 F -(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 544.8 Q +-3.029 E F1(%)3.029 E F0 5.529(.W)C(ords)-6.329 E 1.3 +(are numbered from the be)108 532.8 R 1.3 +(ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F 1.301 +(ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)6.301 G 1.301(rds are).8 +F(inserted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 544.8 Q F1 2.5(0\()108 561.6 S(zer)-2.5 E(o\))-.18 E F0(The zeroth w)144 573.6 Q 2.5(ord. F)-.1 F(or the shell, this is the command w)-.15 E(ord.)-.1 E F2(n)108.36 585.6 Q F0(The)144 585.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(th w)A(ord.)-.1 E F1(^)108 597.6 Q F0(The \214rst ar)144 597.6 Q 2.5(gument. That)-.18 F -(is, w)2.5 E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 609.6 Q F0 .063(The last w)144 609.6 -R 2.563(ord. This)-.1 F .063(is usually the last ar)2.563 F .064 +(is, w)2.5 E(ord 1.)-.1 E F1($)108 609.6 Q F0 .064(The last w)144 609.6 +R 2.564(ord. This)-.1 F .064(is usually the last ar)2.564 F .064 (gument, b)-.18 F .064(ut will e)-.2 F .064(xpand to the zeroth w)-.15 F -.064(ord if there is only)-.1 F(one w)144 621.6 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E +.063(ord if there is only)-.1 F(one w)144 621.6 Q(ord in the line.)-.1 E F1(%)108 633.6 Q F0(The w)144 633.6 Q(ord matched by the most recent `?) -.1 E F2(string)A F0(?' search.)A F2(x)108.77 645.6 Q F1<ad>A F2(y)A F0 2.5(Ar)144 645.6 S(ange of w)-2.5 E(ords; `\255)-.1 E F2(y)A F0 2.5('a)C (bbre)-2.5 E(viates `0\255)-.25 E F2(y)A F0('.)A F1(*)108 657.6 Q F0 -.316(All of the w)144 657.6 R .316(ords b)-.1 F .316(ut the zeroth.)-.2 +.315(All of the w)144 657.6 R .315(ords b)-.1 F .315(ut the zeroth.)-.2 F .315(This is a synon)5.315 F .315(ym for `)-.15 F F2(1\255$)A F0 2.815 -('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F1(*)2.815 E F0 .315 -(if there is)2.815 F(just one w)144 669.6 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve) +('. It)B .315(is not an error to use)2.815 F F1(*)2.816 E F0 .316 +(if there is)2.816 F(just one w)144 669.6 Q(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve) -.25 G(nt; the empty string is returned in that case.).15 E F1(x*)108 681.6 Q F0(Abbre)144 681.6 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 <78ad>108 693.6 Q F0(Abbre)144 693.6 Q(viates)-.25 E F2(x\255$)2.5 E F0 @@ -6367,9 +6369,9 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(Modi\214ers)87 84 Q F0 .183(After the optional w)108 96 R .183 -(ord designator)-.1 F 2.683(,t)-.4 G .184 -(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.683 F .184 +SF(Modi\214ers)87 84 Q F0 .184(After the optional w)108 96 R .184 +(ord designator)-.1 F 2.684(,t)-.4 G .183 +(here may appear a sequence of one or more of the follo)-2.684 F .183 (wing modi\214ers,)-.25 F(each preceded by a `:'.)108 108 Q F1(h)108 124.8 Q F0(Remo)144 124.8 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H (railing \214lename component, lea).15 E(ving only the head.)-.2 E F1(t) @@ -6386,61 +6388,60 @@ E(ut do not e)-.2 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute it.).15 E F1(q)108 184.8 Q F0 (Quote the substituted w)144 196.8 Q(ords as with)-.1 E F1(q)2.5 E F0 2.5(,b)C(ut break into w)-2.7 E(ords at)-.1 E F1(blanks)2.5 E F0(and ne) 2.5 E(wlines.)-.25 E F1(s/)108 208.8 Q F2(old)A F1(/)A F2(ne)A(w)-.15 E -F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 220.8 Q F2(ne)3.082 E(w)-.15 E F0 .221 -(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.032 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221(in the e) +F1(/)A F0(Substitute)144 220.8 Q F2(ne)3.081 E(w)-.15 E F0 .221 +(for the \214rst occurrence of)3.031 F F2(old)2.951 E F0 .221(in the e) 3.491 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .221(nt line.).15 F(An)5.221 E 2.721(yd)-.15 G -.221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .616(of /.)144 232.8 R .617 +.221(elimiter can be used in place)-2.721 F .617(of /.)144 232.8 R .617 (The \214nal delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e) -5.616 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .617(The delimiter may)5.617 +5.617 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .617(nt line.).15 F .616(The delimiter may)5.616 F .666(be quoted in)144 244.8 R F2(old)3.396 E F0(and)3.936 E F2(ne) 3.526 E(w)-.15 E F0 .666(with a single backslash.)3.476 F .666 (If & appears in)5.666 F F2(ne)3.166 E(w)-.15 E F0 3.166(,i).31 G 3.166 (ti)-3.166 G 3.166(sr)-3.166 G .666(eplaced by)-3.166 F F2(old)3.166 E -F0 5.666(.A).77 G .274(single backslash will quote the &.)144 256.8 R -(If)5.274 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544 -F F2(old)3.005 E F0 .275(substituted, or)3.545 F 2.775(,i)-.4 G 2.775 -(fn)-2.775 G 2.775(op)-2.775 G(re)-2.775 E(vi-)-.25 E +F0 5.666(.A).77 G .275(single backslash will quote the &.)144 256.8 R +(If)5.275 E F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(is null, it is set to the last)3.544 +F F2(old)3.004 E F0 .274(substituted, or)3.544 F 2.774(,i)-.4 G 2.774 +(fn)-2.774 G 2.774(op)-2.774 G(re)-2.774 E(vi-)-.25 E (ous history substitutions took place, the last)144 268.8 Q F2(string) 2.84 E F0(in a)2.72 E F1(!?)2.5 E F2(string)A F1([?])A F0(search.)5 E F1 (&)108 280.8 Q F0(Repeat the pre)144 280.8 Q(vious substitution.)-.25 E -F1(g)108 292.8 Q F0 .398(Cause changes to be applied o)144 292.8 R -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 2.898(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.898 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398 -(nt line.).15 F .397(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A -F0 2.897('\()C(e.g.,)-2.897 E(`)144 304.8 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2 -(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.218('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.718('. If)B 1.218 -(used with `)3.718 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.219 -(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .09 +F1(g)108 292.8 Q F0 .397(Cause changes to be applied o)144 292.8 R -.15 +(ve)-.15 G 2.897(rt).15 G .398(he entire e)-2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .398 +(nt line.).15 F .398(This is used in conjunction with `)5.398 F F1(:s)A +F0 2.898('\()C(e.g.,)-2.898 E(`)144 304.8 Q F1(:gs/)A F2(old)A F1(/)A F2 +(ne)A(w)-.15 E F1(/)A F0 1.219('\) or `)B F1(:&)A F0 3.719('. If)B 1.219 +(used with `)3.719 F F1(:s)A F0 1.218(', an)B 3.718(yd)-.15 G 1.218 +(elimiter can be used in place of /, and the \214nal)-3.718 F .089 (delimiter is optional if it is the last character of the e)144 316.8 R --.15(ve)-.25 G .089(nt line.).15 F(An)5.089 E F1(a)2.589 E F0 .089 -(may be used as a synon)2.589 F .089(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 328.8 Q F0 -(.)A F1(G)108 340.8 Q F0(Apply the follo)144 340.8 Q(wing `)-.25 E F1(s) -A F0 2.5('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 357.6 Q -(UIL)-.11 E(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .062 -(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 369.6 R .062(uiltin command documen\ -ted in this section as accepting options preceded by)-.2 F F1<ad>108 -381.6 Q F0(accepts)2.534 E F1<adad>2.534 E F0 .034 -(to signify the end of the options.)2.534 F(The)5.034 E F1(:)2.534 E F0 -(,)A F1(true)2.534 E F0(,)A F1(false)2.534 E F0 2.534(,a)C(nd)-2.534 E -F1(test)2.534 E F0 -.2(bu)2.534 G .033(iltins do not accept options and) -.2 F 1.548(do not treat)108 393.6 R F1<adad>4.048 E F0(specially)4.048 E +-.15(ve)-.25 G .09(nt line.).15 F(An)5.09 E F1(a)2.59 E F0 .09 +(may be used as a synon)2.59 F .09(ym for)-.15 F F1(g)144 328.8 Q F0(.)A +F1(G)108 340.8 Q F0(Apply the follo)144 340.8 Q(wing `)-.25 E F1(s)A F0 +2.5('m)C(odi\214er once to each w)-2.5 E(ord in the e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 +G(nt line.).15 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL B)72 357.6 Q(UIL)-.11 E +(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063(Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 369.6 +R .062(uiltin command documented in this section as accepting options p\ +receded by)-.2 F F1<ad>108 381.6 Q F0(accepts)2.533 E F1<adad>2.533 E F0 +.034(to signify the end of the options.)2.533 F(The)5.034 E F1(:)2.534 E +F0(,)A F1(true)2.534 E F0(,)A F1(false)2.534 E F0 2.534(,a)C(nd)-2.534 E +F1(test)2.534 E F0 -.2(bu)2.534 G .034(iltins do not accept options and) +.2 F 1.549(do not treat)108 393.6 R F1<adad>4.049 E F0(specially)4.049 E 6.549(.T)-.65 G(he)-6.549 E F1(exit)4.049 E F0(,)A F1(logout)4.049 E F0 (,)A F1 -.18(re)4.049 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0(,)A F1(br)4.049 E(eak)-.18 E F0(,)A F1(continue)4.049 E F0(,)A F1(let)4.049 E F0 4.049(,a)C(nd) --4.049 E F1(shift)4.049 E F0 -.2(bu)4.049 G 1.549(iltins accept and).2 F -.261(process ar)108 405.6 R .261(guments be)-.18 F .261(ginning with) --.15 F F1<ad>2.761 E F0 .261(without requiring)2.761 F F1<adad>2.761 E -F0 5.261(.O)C .261(ther b)-5.261 F .26(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .26 -(guments b)-.18 F .26(ut are not)-.2 F 1.154 +-4.049 E F1(shift)4.048 E F0 -.2(bu)4.048 G 1.548(iltins accept and).2 F +.26(process ar)108 405.6 R .26(guments be)-.18 F .26(ginning with)-.15 F +F1<ad>2.76 E F0 .261(without requiring)2.76 F F1<adad>2.761 E F0 5.261 +(.O)C .261(ther b)-5.261 F .261(uiltins that accept ar)-.2 F .261 +(guments b)-.18 F .261(ut are not)-.2 F 1.154 (speci\214ed as accepting options interpret ar)108 417.6 R 1.154 (guments be)-.18 F 1.154(ginning with)-.15 F F1<ad>3.654 E F0 1.154 (as in)3.654 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.154(lid options and require).25 F F1 <adad>3.654 E F0(to)3.654 E(pre)108 429.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G (nt this interpretation.).15 E F1(:)108 447.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A -(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .452(No ef)144 459.6 R .452 +(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .451(No ef)144 459.6 R .451 (fect; the command does nothing be)-.25 F .452(yond e)-.15 F(xpanding) --.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .451(and performing an)3.221 F -2.951(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.951 E 2.5(redirections. The)144 471.6 R +-.15 E F2(ar)3.282 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .452(and performing an)3.222 F +2.952(ys)-.15 G(peci\214ed)-2.952 E 2.5(redirections. The)144 471.6 R (return status is zero.)2.5 E F1(.)110.5 488.4 Q F2(\214lename)6.666 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A F1(sour)108 500.4 Q(ce)-.18 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.02 @@ -6453,55 +6454,55 @@ F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.02 .608(names in)144 536.4 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .608(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F2 (\214lename)3.108 E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in) --5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .833(need not be e)144 548.4 -R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.333(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.333 E F0 .832 -(is not in)3.333 F F2 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .832 -(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .981 +-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 548.4 +R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332(cutable. When).15 F F1(bash)3.332 E F0 .832 +(is not in)3.332 F F2 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833 +(he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .982 (\214le is found in)144 560.4 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F1(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18 E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F1(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 -(iltin command is turned of).2 F .982(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144 -572.4 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.363 F .112(If an)5.112 F +(iltin command is turned of).2 F .981(f, the)-.25 F F4 -.666(PA)144 +572.4 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F (y)-.15 E F2(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F 2.612(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F2 -(\214lename)144 584.4 Q F0 1.697(is e)4.196 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.197 +(\214lename)144 584.4 Q F0 1.697(is e)4.197 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.197 (cuted. Otherwise).15 F 1.697(the positional parameters are unchanged.) -4.197 F 1.697(If the)6.697 F F1<ad54>4.197 E F0 1.697(option is)4.197 F -(enabled,)144 596.4 Q F1(sour)3.618 E(ce)-.18 E F0 1.118(inherits an) -3.618 F 3.618(yt)-.15 G 1.118(rap on)-3.618 F F1(DEB)3.618 E(UG)-.1 E F0 +4.197 F 1.697(If the)6.697 F F1<ad54>4.197 E F0 1.696(option is)4.197 F +(enabled,)144 596.4 Q F1(sour)3.617 E(ce)-.18 E F0 1.117(inherits an) +3.617 F 3.617(yt)-.15 G 1.117(rap on)-3.617 F F1(DEB)3.617 E(UG)-.1 E F0 3.618(;i)C 3.618(fi)-3.618 G 3.618(ti)-3.618 G 3.618(sn)-3.618 G 1.118 -(ot, an)-3.618 F(y)-.15 E F1(DEB)3.617 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.117 -(trap string is sa)3.617 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.617(da).15 G(nd)-3.617 E .36 +(ot, an)-3.618 F(y)-.15 E F1(DEB)3.618 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.118 +(trap string is sa)3.618 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.618(da).15 G(nd)-3.618 E .36 (restored around the call to)144 608.4 R F1(sour)2.86 E(ce)-.18 E F0 2.86(,a)C(nd)-2.86 E F1(sour)2.86 E(ce)-.18 E F0 .36(unsets the)2.86 F F1(DEB)2.86 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .36(trap while it e)2.86 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.86 (cutes. If).15 F F1<ad54>2.86 E F0(is)2.86 E 1.435 (not set, and the sourced \214le changes the)144 620.4 R F1(DEB)3.935 E (UG)-.1 E F0 1.435(trap, the ne)3.935 F 3.935(wv)-.25 G 1.435 -(alue is retained when)-4.185 F F1(sour)3.935 E(ce)-.18 E F0 3.762 +(alue is retained when)-4.185 F F1(sour)3.935 E(ce)-.18 E F0 3.763 (completes. The)144 632.4 R 1.262 -(return status is the status of the last command e)3.762 F 1.263 +(return status is the status of the last command e)3.763 F 1.262 (xited within the script \(0 if no)-.15 F(commands are e)144 644.4 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted\), and f).15 E(alse if)-.1 E F2(\214lename)4.41 E F0(is not found or cannot be read.)2.68 E F1(alias)108 661.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 673.2 Q F0 2.725(with no ar)5.225 F 2.724 +(..])-2.5 E F1(Alias)144 673.2 Q F0 2.724(with no ar)5.224 F 2.724 (guments or with the)-.18 F F1<ad70>5.224 E F0 2.724 -(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F1(alias)5.224 E +(option prints the list of aliases in the form)5.224 F F1(alias)5.225 E F2(name)144 685.2 Q F0(=)A F2(value)A F0 .58(on standard output.)3.08 F .58(When ar)5.58 F .58 (guments are supplied, an alias is de\214ned for each)-.18 F F2(name) -3.08 E F0(whose)144 697.2 Q F2(value)2.509 E F0 .009(is gi)2.509 F -.15 +3.08 E F0(whose)144 697.2 Q F2(value)2.508 E F0 .009(is gi)2.508 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.509(n. A).15 F .009(trailing space in)2.509 F F2(value) 2.509 E F0 .009(causes the ne)2.509 F .009(xt w)-.15 F .009 -(ord to be check)-.1 F .008(ed for alias substi-)-.1 F .579 +(ord to be check)-.1 F .009(ed for alias substi-)-.1 F .579 (tution when the alias is e)144 709.2 R 3.079(xpanded. F)-.15 F .579 (or each)-.15 F F2(name)3.079 E F0 .579(in the ar)3.079 F .579 -(gument list for which no)-.18 F F2(value)3.079 E F0 .579(is sup-)3.079 -F 1.314(plied, the name and v)144 721.2 R 1.314 +(gument list for which no)-.18 F F2(value)3.079 E F0 .578(is sup-)3.078 +F 1.313(plied, the name and v)144 721.2 R 1.314 (alue of the alias is printed.)-.25 F F1(Alias)6.314 E F0 1.314 -(returns true unless a)3.814 F F2(name)3.814 E F0 1.313(is gi)3.814 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 3.813(nf).15 G(or)-3.813 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q +(returns true unless a)3.814 F F2(name)3.814 E F0 1.314(is gi)3.814 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.814(nf).15 G(or)-3.814 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q (2016 May 29)148.175 E(53)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 54 54 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -6511,16 +6512,16 @@ BP (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E (which no alias has been de\214ned.)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bg) 108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(jobspec)A F0(...])2.5 E -.744(Resume each suspended job)144 112.8 R F2(jobspec)3.244 E F0 .745 -(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.244 F F1(&)3.245 E -F0 5.745(.I)C(f)-5.745 E F2(job-)4.985 E(spec)144 124.8 Q F0 .672 -(is not present, the shell')3.482 F 3.172(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the) --3.172 F F2(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F1 -(bg)5.671 E F2(jobspec)4.911 E F0 .671(returns 0 unless run)3.481 F .418 +.745(Resume each suspended job)144 112.8 R F2(jobspec)3.245 E F0 .745 +(in the background, as if it had been started with)3.245 F F1(&)3.244 E +F0 5.744(.I)C(f)-5.744 E F2(job-)4.984 E(spec)144 124.8 Q F0 .671 +(is not present, the shell')3.481 F 3.171(sn)-.55 G .672(otion of the) +-3.171 F F2(curr)3.172 E .672(ent job)-.37 F F0 .672(is used.)3.172 F F1 +(bg)5.672 E F2(jobspec)4.912 E F0 .672(returns 0 unless run)3.482 F .419 (when job control is disabled or)144 136.8 R 2.919(,w)-.4 G .419 -(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.919(ys)-.15 G -(peci\214ed)-2.919 E F2(jobspec)2.919 E F0 -.1(wa)2.919 G 2.919(sn).1 G -(ot)-2.919 E(found or w)144 148.8 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 +(hen run with job control enabled, an)-2.919 F 2.918(ys)-.15 G +(peci\214ed)-2.918 E F2(jobspec)2.918 E F0 -.1(wa)2.918 G 2.918(sn).1 G +(ot)-2.918 E(found or w)144 148.8 Q(as started without job control.)-.1 E F1(bind)108 165.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6d>A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lpsvPSVX)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(bind)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 <ad6d>A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad71>-2.5 E F2 @@ -6533,28 +6534,28 @@ G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F1<ad78>2.5 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2 2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2 (function\255name)A F1(bind)108 225.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6d>A F2 -.1(ke) 2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F2 -.37(re)C -(adline\255command).37 E F0 .239(Display current)144 237.6 R F1 -.18(re) -2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.739 G 2.739(ya)-.05 G .239 -(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.739 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .238 -(equence to a).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 .238(function or) -2.738 F .475(macro, or set a)144 249.6 R F1 -.18(re)2.975 G(adline).18 E -F0 -.25(va)2.975 G 2.975(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F -.476(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .476(ould appear in)-.1 F F2 -(.inputr)144 261.6 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.984(,b).31 G .484 -(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.184 F -.483(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5 +(adline\255command).37 E F0 .238(Display current)144 237.6 R F1 -.18(re) +2.738 G(adline).18 E F0 -.1(ke)2.738 G 2.738(ya)-.05 G .239 +(nd function bindings, bind a k)-2.738 F .539 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .239 +(equence to a).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.739 G(adline).18 E F0 .239(function or) +2.739 F .476(macro, or set a)144 249.6 R F1 -.18(re)2.976 G(adline).18 E +F0 -.25(va)2.976 G 2.976(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F +.475(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .475(ould appear in)-.1 F F2 +(.inputr)144 261.6 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.983(,b).31 G .484 +(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.183 F +.484(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5 (re\255read\255init\255\214le'. Options,)144 273.6 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad6d>144 -285.6 Q F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 297.6 Q F2 -.1(ke)5.158 G -(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.658(as the k)5.348 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af) -.15 F 2.659(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 F(Acceptable)7.659 E -F2 -.1(ke)180 309.6 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.193(names are)5.883 F F2 3.193 -(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.693 F 3.192 +285.6 Q F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(ymap)-.2 E F0(Use)180 297.6 Q F2 -.1(ke)5.159 G +(ymap)-.2 E F0 2.659(as the k)5.349 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.658(map to be af) +.15 F 2.658(fected by the subsequent bindings.)-.25 F(Acceptable)7.658 E +F2 -.1(ke)180 309.6 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.192(names are)5.882 F F2 3.192 +(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.692 F 3.193 (d, emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255mo)-.37 F(ve)-.1 E(,)-.1 E -(vi\255command)180 321.6 Q F0 4.113(,a)C(nd)-4.113 E F2(vi\255insert) -4.113 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)6.613 E F0 1.613(is equi)4.113 F -.25(va)-.25 G +(vi\255command)180 321.6 Q F0 4.114(,a)C(nd)-4.114 E F2(vi\255insert) +4.114 E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)6.614 E F0 1.613(is equi)4.114 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.613(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command)4.113 E F0(\()4.113 E F2(vi\255mo)A -(ve)-.1 E F0 1.614(is also a syn-)4.114 F(on)180 333.6 Q(ym\);)-.15 E F2 +(ve)-.1 E F0 1.613(is also a syn-)4.113 F(on)180 333.6 Q(ym\);)-.15 E F2 (emacs)2.5 E F0(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F2 (emacs\255standar)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1<ad6c>144 345.6 Q F0 (List the names of all)180 345.6 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 @@ -6587,32 +6588,32 @@ F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(Remo)180 525.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .3 (shell\255command)A F0(Cause)180 549.6 Q F2(shell\255command)4.325 E F0 1.825(to be e)4.325 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.825(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve) -.25 G(r).15 E F2 -.1(ke)4.325 G(yseq)-.2 E F0 1.825(is entered.)4.325 F -(When)6.825 E F2(shell\255com-)4.325 E(mand)180 561.6 Q F0 1.765(is e) -4.265 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.765(cuted, the shell sets the).15 F/F3 9 +(When)6.825 E F2(shell\255com-)4.325 E(mand)180 561.6 Q F0 1.764(is e) +4.264 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.765(cuted, the shell sets the).15 F/F3 9 /Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE_LINE)4.265 E F0 -.25(va)4.015 G 1.765 (riable to the contents of the).25 F F1 -.18(re)180 573.6 S(adline).18 E -F0 1.353(line b)3.852 F(uf)-.2 E 1.353(fer and the)-.25 F F3 +F0 1.353(line b)3.853 F(uf)-.2 E 1.353(fer and the)-.25 F F3 (READLINE_POINT)3.853 E F0 -.25(va)3.603 G 1.353 -(riable to the current location of the).25 F 2.012(insertion point.)180 -585.6 R 2.011(If the e)7.012 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.011 +(riable to the current location of the).25 F 2.011(insertion point.)180 +585.6 R 2.011(If the e)7.011 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.011 (cuted command changes the v).15 F 2.011(alue of)-.25 F F3 -(READLINE_LINE)4.511 E F0(or)4.261 E F3(READLINE_POINT)180 597.6 Q/F4 9 +(READLINE_LINE)4.512 E F0(or)4.262 E F3(READLINE_POINT)180 597.6 Q/F4 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0(those ne)2.25 E 2.5(wv)-.25 G (alues will be re\215ected in the editing state.)-2.75 E F1<ad58>144 -609.6 Q F0 .829(List all k)180 609.6 R 1.129 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .829 +609.6 Q F0 .83(List all k)180 609.6 R 1.13 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .829 (equences bound to shell commands and the associated commands in a for) .15 F(-)-.2 E(mat that can be reused as input.)180 621.6 Q(The return v) 144 638.4 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(no).15 G 2.5(ra)-2.5 G 2.5(ne)-2.5 G(rror occurred.)-2.5 -E F1(br)108 655.2 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .055 -(Exit from within a)144 667.2 R F1 -.25(fo)2.555 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1 -(while)2.555 E F0(,)A F1(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F1 +E F1(br)108 655.2 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .054 +(Exit from within a)144 667.2 R F1 -.25(fo)2.554 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1 +(while)2.554 E F0(,)A F1(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F1 (select)2.555 E F0 2.555(loop. If)2.555 F F2(n)2.555 E F0 .055 (is speci\214ed, break)2.555 F F2(n)2.555 E F0(le)2.555 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(ls.).15 E F2(n)5.414 E F0 .054(must be)2.794 F/F5 10/Symbol SF<b3>2.554 -E F0(1.)2.554 E(If)144 679.2 Q F2(n)3.074 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ - number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are e)2.954 F 2.715 -(xited. The)-.15 F .215(return v)2.715 F(alue)-.25 E(is 0 unless)144 +(ls.).15 E F2(n)5.415 E F0 .055(must be)2.795 F/F5 10/Symbol SF<b3>2.555 +E F0(1.)2.555 E(If)144 679.2 Q F2(n)3.075 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ + number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are e)2.955 F 2.714 +(xited. The)-.15 F .214(return v)2.714 F(alue)-.25 E(is 0 unless)144 691.2 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.)2.5 E (GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(54)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 55 55 @@ -6622,130 +6623,130 @@ BP /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -.2(bu)108 84 S(iltin).2 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(shell\255b)2.5 E -(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 96 Q .793 -(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .793(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F2 +(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 96 Q .792 +(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .792(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F2 (ar)3.293 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.293(,a).27 G .793(nd return its e)-3.293 -F .792(xit status.)-.15 F .792(This is useful)5.792 F .615 +F .793(xit status.)-.15 F .793(This is useful)5.793 F .616 (when de\214ning a function whose name is the same as a shell b)144 108 -R .616(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 120 R +R .615(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 120 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F1(cd)3.07 E F0 -.2(bu) 3.07 G .57(iltin is commonly rede\214ned this w).2 F(ay)-.1 E 5.57(.T) -.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 132 Q(alse if)-.1 E F2 (shell\255b)2.84 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0(is not a shell b)2.74 E (uiltin command.)-.2 E F1(caller)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)C(pr) -.2 E F0(])A .253(Returns the conte)144 160.8 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F +.2 E F0(])A .254(Returns the conte)144 160.8 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F 2.754(ya)-.15 G(cti)-2.754 E .554 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .254 (ubroutine call \(a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.254(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.754 E F0(or)2.754 E F1(sour)144 172.8 Q -(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G 2.825(iltins\). W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F2 -.2 -(ex)2.825 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.825 E F0 .324 +.254(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.753 E F0(or)2.753 E F1(sour)144 172.8 Q +(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.824 G 2.824(iltins\). W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F2 -.2 +(ex)2.824 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.824 E F0 .324 (displays the line number and source \214lename of the current)2.824 F -.253(subroutine call.)144 184.8 R .253(If a non-ne)5.253 F -.05(ga)-.15 -G(ti).05 E .553 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 -F F2 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.753 E F0 .254 -(displays the line number)2.754 F 2.754(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.754 E 1.327(rou\ +.254(subroutine call.)144 184.8 R .254(If a non-ne)5.254 F -.05(ga)-.15 +G(ti).05 E .554 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 +F F2 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.753 E F0 .253 +(displays the line number)2.753 F 2.753(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.753 E 1.327(rou\ tine name, and source \214le corresponding to that position in the curr\ -ent e)144 196.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.327(cution call stack.).15 F(This e) -144 208.8 Q(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 E .001 -(xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F .001(The current frame is frame) -5.001 F 3.02(0. The)144 220.8 R .52(return v)3.02 F .52 -(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .519 -(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F2 -.2(ex)3.019 G(pr).2 E F0 .519 -(does not corre-)3.019 F(spond to a v)144 232.8 Q +ent e)144 196.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.328(cution call stack.).15 F .001 +(This e)144 208.8 R .001(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 F .001 +(xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F(The current frame is frame)5 E +3.019(0. The)144 220.8 R .519(return v)3.019 F .519 +(alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .52 +(cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F2 -.2(ex)3.02 G(pr).2 E F0 .52 +(does not corre-)3.02 F(spond to a v)144 232.8 Q (alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F1(cd)108 249.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 <ad4c>A F0(|[)A F1<ad50>A F0([)2.5 E F1<ad65>A F0(]] [\255@]] [)A F2 -(dir)A F0(])A .321(Change the current directory to)144 261.6 R F2(dir) -2.821 E F0 5.321(.i)C(f)-5.321 E F2(dir)2.821 E F0 .322 -(is not supplied, the v)2.821 F .322(alue of the)-.25 F/F3 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(HOME)2.822 E F0 .322(shell v)2.572 F .322(ariable is) --.25 F 1.036(the def)144 273.6 R 3.536(ault. An)-.1 F 3.536(ya)-.15 G -1.035(dditional ar)-3.536 F 1.035(guments follo)-.18 F(wing)-.25 E F2 -(dir)3.535 E F0 1.035(are ignored.)3.535 F 1.035(The v)6.035 F(ariable) --.25 E F3(CDP)3.535 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0(de\214nes)3.285 E -.849(the search path for the directory containing)144 285.6 R F2(dir) -3.349 E F0 3.35(:e).73 G .85(ach directory name in)-3.35 F F3(CDP)3.35 E --.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .85(is searched for)3.1 F F2(dir)144 297.6 -Q F0 5.665(.A)C(lternati)-5.665 E .965 -.15(ve d)-.25 H .665 +(dir)A F0(])A .322(Change the current directory to)144 261.6 R F2(dir) +2.822 E F0 5.322(.i)C(f)-5.322 E F2(dir)2.822 E F0 .321 +(is not supplied, the v)2.822 F .321(alue of the)-.25 F/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(HOME)2.821 E F0 .321(shell v)2.571 F .321(ariable is) +-.25 F 1.035(the def)144 273.6 R 3.535(ault. An)-.1 F 3.535(ya)-.15 G +1.035(dditional ar)-3.535 F 1.035(guments follo)-.18 F(wing)-.25 E F2 +(dir)3.535 E F0 1.035(are ignored.)3.535 F 1.036(The v)6.035 F(ariable) +-.25 E F3(CDP)3.536 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0(de\214nes)3.286 E .85 +(the search path for the directory containing)144 285.6 R F2(dir)3.35 E +F0 3.35(:e).73 G .849(ach directory name in)-3.35 F F3(CDP)3.349 E -.855 +(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .849(is searched for)3.099 F F2(dir)144 297.6 Q +F0 5.664(.A)C(lternati)-5.664 E .964 -.15(ve d)-.25 H .665 (irectory names in).15 F F3(CDP)3.165 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.665(are separated by a colon \(:\).)2.915 F 3.165(An)5.665 G .664 -(ull directory name)-3.165 F(in)144 309.6 Q F3(CDP)4.162 E -.855(AT) --.666 G(H).855 E F0 1.662(is the same as the current directory)3.912 F +.665(are separated by a colon \(:\).)2.915 F 3.165(An)5.665 G .665 +(ull directory name)-3.165 F(in)144 309.6 Q F3(CDP)4.163 E -.855(AT) +-.666 G(H).855 E F0 1.663(is the same as the current directory)3.913 F 4.162(,i)-.65 G 1.662(.e., `)-4.162 F(`)-.74 E F1(.)A F0 -.74('')C 6.662 -(.I).74 G(f)-6.662 E F2(dir)4.513 E F0(be)4.893 E 1.663 +(.I).74 G(f)-6.662 E F2(dir)4.512 E F0(be)4.892 E 1.662 (gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F3(CDP)144 321.6 Q -.855(AT)-.666 -G(H).855 E F0 .191(is not used.)2.441 F(The)5.191 E F1<ad50>2.691 E F0 +G(H).855 E F0 .19(is not used.)2.44 F(The)5.191 E F1<ad50>2.691 E F0 .191(option causes)2.691 F F1(cd)2.691 E F0 .191(to use the ph)2.691 F -.19(ysical directory structure by resolving)-.05 F 1.12 +.191(ysical directory structure by resolving)-.05 F 1.12 (symbolic links while tra)144 333.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G(rsing).15 E F2(dir) 3.62 E F0 1.12(and before processing instances of)3.62 F F2(..)3.62 E F0 (in)3.62 E F2(dir)3.62 E F0 1.12(\(see also the)3.62 F F1<ad50>3.62 E F0 .395(option to the)144 345.6 R F1(set)2.895 E F0 -.2(bu)2.895 G .395 (iltin command\); the).2 F F1<ad4c>2.895 E F0 .395 (option forces symbolic links to be follo)2.895 F .395(wed by resolv-) --.25 F .443(ing the link after processing instances of)144 357.6 R F2 +-.25 F .444(ing the link after processing instances of)144 357.6 R F2 (..)2.943 E F0(in)2.943 E F2(dir)2.943 E F0 5.443(.I)C(f)-5.443 E F2(..) 2.943 E F0 .443(appears in)2.943 F F2(dir)2.943 E F0 2.943(,i)C 2.943 -(ti)-2.943 G 2.944(sp)-2.943 G .444(rocessed by remo)-2.944 F(ving)-.15 +(ti)-2.943 G 2.943(sp)-2.943 G .443(rocessed by remo)-2.943 F(ving)-.15 E .744(the immediately pre)144 369.6 R .744 (vious pathname component from)-.25 F F2(dir)3.244 E F0 3.244(,b)C .744 (ack to a slash or the be)-3.244 F .744(ginning of)-.15 F F2(dir)3.244 E -F0(.)A 1.465(If the)144 381.6 R F1<ad65>3.965 E F0 1.465 -(option is supplied with)3.965 F F1<ad50>3.965 E F0 3.965(,a)C 1.465 -(nd the current w)-3.965 F 1.466 -(orking directory cannot be successfully)-.1 F .468 +F0(.)A 1.466(If the)144 381.6 R F1<ad65>3.966 E F0 1.466 +(option is supplied with)3.966 F F1<ad50>3.965 E F0 3.965(,a)C 1.465 +(nd the current w)-3.965 F 1.465 +(orking directory cannot be successfully)-.1 F .467 (determined after a successful directory change,)144 393.6 R F1(cd)2.968 -E F0 .468(will return an unsuccessful status.)2.968 F .467(On systems) -5.467 F .336(that support it, the)144 405.6 R F1<ad40>2.836 E F0 .336 -(option presents the e)2.836 F .336(xtended attrib)-.15 F .337 +E F0 .468(will return an unsuccessful status.)2.968 F .468(On systems) +5.468 F .337(that support it, the)144 405.6 R F1<ad40>2.837 E F0 .336 +(option presents the e)2.836 F .336(xtended attrib)-.15 F .336 (utes associated with a \214le as a directory)-.2 F(.)-.65 E .71(An ar) 144 417.6 R .71(gument of)-.18 F F1<ad>3.21 E F0 .71(is con)3.21 F -.15 (ve)-.4 G .71(rted to).15 F F3($OLDPWD)3.21 E F0 .71 (before the directory change is attempted.)2.96 F .71(If a non-)5.71 F -.106(empty directory name from)144 429.6 R F3(CDP)2.606 E -.855(AT)-.666 -G(H).855 E F0 .107(is used, or if)2.356 F F1<ad>2.607 E F0 .107 -(is the \214rst ar)2.607 F .107(gument, and the directory change)-.18 F +.107(empty directory name from)144 429.6 R F3(CDP)2.607 E -.855(AT)-.666 +G(H).855 E F0 .107(is used, or if)2.357 F F1<ad>2.607 E F0 .106 +(is the \214rst ar)2.607 F .106(gument, and the directory change)-.18 F .038(is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne)144 441.6 R 2.538 (ww)-.25 G .038(orking directory is written to the standard output.) -2.638 F(The return v)144 453.6 Q(alue is true if the directory w)-.25 E (as successfully changed; f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1(command)108 470.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255pVv)A F0(])A F2(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2 -(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 482.4 Q F2(command)2.764 E F0(with) -3.334 E F2(ar)2.894 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .065 -(suppressing the normal shell function lookup.)2.834 F .065(Only b)5.065 -F .065(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .502(commands found in the)144 494.4 R -F3 -.666(PA)3.002 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.752 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 482.4 Q F2(command)2.765 E F0(with) +3.335 E F2(ar)2.895 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .065 +(suppressing the normal shell function lookup.)2.835 F .064(Only b)5.064 +F .064(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .501(commands found in the)144 494.4 R +F3 -.666(PA)3.001 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.751 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F1<ad70>3.002 E F0 .502(option is gi) -3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .501(n, the search for).15 F F2(command)3.201 E -F0(is)3.771 E .399(performed using a def)144 506.4 R .399(ault v)-.1 F -.399(alue for)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.899 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .4 +3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .502(n, the search for).15 F F2(command)3.202 E +F0(is)3.772 E .4(performed using a def)144 506.4 R .4(ault v)-.1 F .4 +(alue for)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)2.9 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .399 (that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.649 F(If) -5.4 E .175(either the)144 518.4 R F1<ad56>2.675 E F0(or)2.675 E F1<ad76> -2.675 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.675 F F2(command) -2.875 E F0 .174(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.174 E F1<ad76>2.674 E F0 .174 -(option causes)2.674 F 3.317(as)144 530.4 S .817(ingle w)-3.317 F .817 -(ord indicating the command or \214lename used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G F2(command)3.618 E F0 .818(to be displayed; the)4.088 F F1 -<ad56>144 542.4 Q F0 .25(option produces a more v)2.75 F .25 -(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.25 F F1<ad56>2.749 E F0(or) -2.749 E F1<ad76>2.749 E F0 .249(option is supplied, the e)2.749 F .249 -(xit status)-.15 F 1.004(is 0 if)144 554.4 R F2(command)3.704 E F0 -.1 -(wa)4.274 G 3.504(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.504 F 1.005 +5.399 E .174(either the)144 518.4 R F1<ad56>2.674 E F0(or)2.674 E F1 +<ad76>2.674 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.674 F F2 +(command)2.875 E F0 .175(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.175 E F1<ad76>2.675 E +F0 .175(option causes)2.675 F 3.318(as)144 530.4 S .818(ingle w)-3.318 F +.817(ord indicating the command or \214lename used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo) +-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2(command)3.617 E F0 .817(to be displayed; the)4.087 +F F1<ad56>144 542.4 Q F0 .249(option produces a more v)2.749 F .249 +(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.249 F F1<ad56>2.749 E F0(or) +2.749 E F1<ad76>2.75 E F0 .25(option is supplied, the e)2.75 F .25 +(xit status)-.15 F 1.005(is 0 if)144 554.4 R F2(command)3.705 E F0 -.1 +(wa)4.275 G 3.505(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.505 F 1.004 (If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or)6.005 F F2 -(command)144.2 566.4 Q F0 1.599(cannot be found, the e)4.869 F 1.599 -(xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.598 -(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(command)4.098 E F0 -.2(bu)144 578.4 S +(command)144.2 566.4 Q F0 1.598(cannot be found, the e)4.868 F 1.599 +(xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.599 +(xit status of the)-.15 F F1(command)4.099 E F0 -.2(bu)144 578.4 S (iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F2(command)2.5 E F0(.).77 E F1 (compgen)108 595.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(wor)-2.5 E(d) --.37 E F0(])A .012(Generate possible completion matches for)144 607.2 R +-.37 E F0(])A .013(Generate possible completion matches for)144 607.2 R F2(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F2(option)2.513 -E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.513(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.513 E .982 -(accepted by the)144 619.2 R F1(complete)3.482 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 +E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.512(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.512 E .981 +(accepted by the)144 619.2 R F1(complete)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 (iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F1<ad70>3.481 E F0(and) -3.481 E F1<ad72>3.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .981(nd write the matches to the) --3.481 F .13(standard output.)144 631.2 R .13(When using the)5.13 F F1 -<ad46>2.63 E F0(or)2.63 E F1<ad43>2.631 E F0 .131(options, the v)2.631 F -.131(arious shell v)-.25 F .131(ariables set by the program-)-.25 F -(mable completion f)144 643.2 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G +3.481 E F1<ad72>3.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .982(nd write the matches to the) +-3.481 F .131(standard output.)144 631.2 R .131(When using the)5.131 F +F1<ad46>2.631 E F0(or)2.631 E F1<ad43>2.631 E F0 .131(options, the v) +2.631 F .13(arious shell v)-.25 F .13(ariables set by the program-)-.25 +F(mable completion f)144 643.2 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G (ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.)-.25 E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 667.2 R .352 (ay as if the programmable completion code had gen-)-.1 F .02(erated th\ @@ -6762,69 +6763,69 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(complete)108 84 Q F0([)3.729 E F1(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.729(][)C F1 -<ad6f>-3.729 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(comp-option)3.729 E F0 3.729(][)C -F1(\255DE)-3.729 E F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad41>-3.728 E F2(action)3.728 E F0 -3.728(][)C F1<ad47>-3.728 E F2(globpat)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad57> --3.728 E F2(wor)3.728 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad46>-3.728 E F2 -(func-)3.728 E(tion)108 96 Q F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(command)2.5 E +SF(complete)108 84 Q F0([)3.728 E F1(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.728(][)C F1 +<ad6f>-3.728 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(comp-option)3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C +F1(\255DE)-3.728 E F0 3.728(][)C F1<ad41>-3.728 E F2(action)3.728 E F0 +3.728(][)C F1<ad47>-3.728 E F2(globpat)3.728 E F0 3.729(][)C F1<ad57> +-3.729 E F2(wor)3.729 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.729(][)C F1<ad46>-3.729 E F2 +(func-)3.729 E(tion)108 96 Q F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(command)2.5 E F0(])A([)144 108 Q F1<ad58>A F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad50> -2.5 E F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F2(suf)2.5 E <8c78>-.18 E F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(name ...)A F0(])A F1 (complete \255pr)108 120 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255DE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name) --2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .633(Specify ho)144 132 R 3.133(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg) --3.133 G .633(uments to each).18 F F2(name)3.133 E F0 .633 -(should be completed.)3.133 F .634(If the)5.634 F F1<ad70>3.134 E F0 -.634(option is supplied, or if no)3.134 F .14(options are supplied, e) +-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .634(Specify ho)144 132 R 3.134(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg) +-3.134 G .634(uments to each).18 F F2(name)3.134 E F0 .634 +(should be completed.)3.134 F .633(If the)5.634 F F1<ad70>3.133 E F0 +.633(option is supplied, or if no)3.133 F .139(options are supplied, e) 144 144 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w) --.15 F .139(ay that allo)-.1 F .139(ws them to be)-.25 F .31 +-.15 F .14(ay that allo)-.1 F .14(ws them to be)-.25 F .31 (reused as input.)144 156 R(The)5.31 E F1<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31 (option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.81(sac).15 G .31 (ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F2(name)2.81 E F0 2.81(,o)C -1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E F2(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.347 +1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E F2(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.346 (are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 168 R(The)6.347 E F1 -<ad44>3.847 E F0 1.346(option indicates that the remaining options)3.847 +<ad44>3.847 E F0 1.347(option indicates that the remaining options)3.847 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 180 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3('c)-.74 G .5(ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on)-3 F 3.455(ac)144 192 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F1<ad45>3.455 E F0 .955 -(option indicates that)3.455 F .064 +(option indicates that)3.455 F .065 (the remaining options and actions should apply to `)144 204 R(`empty') --.74 E 2.565('c)-.74 G .065(ommand completion; that is, comple-)-2.565 F -(tion attempted on a blank line.)144 216 Q 1.438 +-.74 E 2.564('c)-.74 G .064(ommand completion; that is, comple-)-2.564 F +(tion attempted on a blank line.)144 216 Q 1.437 (The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144 -240 R 1.437(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 252 Q +240 R 1.438(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(described abo)144 252 Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E -F0(.)A .555(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 276 R .855 -.15(ve t) +F0(.)A .556(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 276 R .856 -.15(ve t) -.2 H .555(he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)5.555 F -.555(guments to the)-.18 F F1<ad47>3.056 E F0(,)A F1<ad57>3.056 E F0 -3.056(,a)C(nd)-3.056 E F1<ad58>3.056 E F0 .723 -(options \(and, if necessary)144 288 R 3.223(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.223 E F1 -<ad50>3.223 E F0(and)3.223 E F1<ad53>3.223 E F0 .722 -(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.223 F(xpan-)-.15 E +.555(guments to the)-.18 F F1<ad47>3.055 E F0(,)A F1<ad57>3.055 E F0 +3.055(,a)C(nd)-3.055 E F1<ad58>3.055 E F0 .722 +(options \(and, if necessary)144 288 R 3.222(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.222 E F1 +<ad50>3.222 E F0(and)3.222 E F1<ad53>3.222 E F0 .723 +(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.222 F(xpan-)-.15 E (sion before the)144 300 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1<ad6f>144 312 Q F2 -(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 324 Q F2(comp-option)2.79 E F0 .291 +(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 324 Q F2(comp-option)2.791 E F0 .291 (controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291(ral aspects of the compspec') .15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291(vior be)-.2 F .291 (yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.)184 336 Q F2 (comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 348 Q F0 .281(Perform the rest of the def)224 360 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash)2.781 E F0 .281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F(matches.)224 372 Q -F1(default)184 384 Q F0 2.875(Use readline')224 384 R 5.375(sd)-.55 G -(ef)-5.375 E 2.876 +F1(default)184 384 Q F0 2.876(Use readline')224 384 R 5.376(sd)-.55 G +(ef)-5.376 E 2.875 (ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no)-.1 F(matches.) 224 396 Q F1(dir)184 408 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name compl\ etion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 420 Q F1(\214lenames)184 432 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 444 S .137(ll readline that the compspec generates \ -\214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.636<798c>-.15 G(le-)-2.636 E +\214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.637<798c>-.15 G(le-)-2.637 E .134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 456 R 2.634(ea)-.1 G .134 (dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-)-2.634 F .45 (cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 468 R .45 (Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 480 Q F1(noquote) 184 492 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 492 S .814 (ll readline not to quote the completed w).7 F .814(ords if the)-.1 F -3.314(ya)-.15 G .815(re \214lenames \(quoting)-3.314 F +3.314(ya)-.15 G .814(re \214lenames \(quoting)-3.314 F (\214lenames is the def)224 504 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nosort)184 516 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 516 S(ll readline not to sort the list of possible completio\ ns alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 528 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 528 S @@ -6832,7 +6833,7 @@ ns alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 528 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 528 S F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 540 Q F1 (plusdirs)184 552 Q F0 1.985(After an)224 552 R 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985 (atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name)-4.485 F -.584(completion is attempted and an)224 564 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 +.583(completion is attempted and an)224 564 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 (atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 576 Q F1<ad41>144 588 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 600 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0 (may be one of the follo)2.5 E @@ -6882,58 +6883,58 @@ E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(shopt)184 300 Q F0 (May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 348 S (riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)224 348 Q 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F (also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad43>144 360 Q/F3 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E(command)184 372 Q F0 1.055(is e)3.555 -F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.055(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E(command)184 372 Q F0 1.056(is e)3.556 +F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.056(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 (vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F(completions.) -184 384 Q F1<ad46>144 396 Q F3(function)2.5 E F0 .114 +184 384 Q F1<ad46>144 396 Q F3(function)2.5 E F0 .113 (The shell function)184 408 R F3(function)2.614 E F0 .114(is e)2.614 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .114(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 2.614 -(vironment. When)-.4 F .113(the func-)2.613 F .816(tion is e)184 420 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .816(cuted, the \214rst ar).15 F .816(gument \()-.18 F F1 -($1)A F0 3.316(\)i)C 3.316(st)-3.316 G .817 +(vironment. When)-.4 F .114(the func-)2.614 F .817(tion is e)184 420 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .817(cuted, the \214rst ar).15 F .817(gument \()-.18 F F1 +($1)A F0 3.316(\)i)C 3.316(st)-3.316 G .816 (he name of the command whose ar)-3.316 F(guments)-.18 E 1.407 (are being completed, the second ar)184 432 R 1.407(gument \()-.18 F F1 ($2)A F0 3.907(\)i)C 3.907(st)-3.907 G 1.407(he w)-3.907 F 1.407 -(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .103(third ar)184 444 R .103 -(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.603(\)i)C 2.603(st)-2.603 G .103(he w) --2.603 F .104(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .104 -(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .102(mand line.)184 456 R -.102(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.102 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.601(df).15 G .101(rom the v)-2.601 F .101(alue of the) +(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .104(third ar)184 444 R .104 +(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.604(\)i)C 2.604(st)-2.604 G .104(he w) +-2.604 F .104(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .103 +(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .101(mand line.)184 456 R +.101(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.101 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.602(df).15 G .102(rom the v)-2.602 F .102(alue of the) -.25 F F2(COMPREPL)184 468 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E -F1<ad47>144 480 Q F3(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.007(The pathname e)184 492 R -1.007(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F3(globpat)3.507 E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F -1.008(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 504 Q +F1<ad47>144 480 Q F3(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.008(The pathname e)184 492 R +1.008(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F3(globpat)3.507 E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F +1.007(xpanded to generate the possible comple-)-.15 F(tions.)184 504 Q F1<ad50>144 516 Q F3(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr)184 528 Q(e\214x)-.37 E -F0 .535(is added at the be)3.035 F .534 +F0 .534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534 (ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 540 Q F1<ad53>144 552 Q F3(suf)2.5 E <8c78>-.18 E(suf)184 552 Q<8c78>-.18 E F0 (is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1<ad57>144 564 Q F3(wor)2.5 E -(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 576 Q F3(wor)3.639 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 -(is split using the characters in the)3.639 F F2(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.14 -(special v)3.39 F 1.14(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F 2.008 -(each resultant w)184 588 R 2.008(ord is e)-.1 F 4.508(xpanded. The)-.15 -F 2.007(possible completions are the members of the)4.508 F +(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 576 Q F3(wor)3.64 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 +(is split using the characters in the)3.64 F F2(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.139 +(special v)3.39 F 1.139(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F 2.007 +(each resultant w)184 588 R 2.007(ord is e)-.1 F 4.507(xpanded. The)-.15 +F 2.008(possible completions are the members of the)4.507 F (resultant list which match the w)184 600 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E -F1<ad58>144 612 Q F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 624 Q F0 .455 -(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.955 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 F -.456(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596 +F1<ad58>144 612 Q F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 624 Q F0 .456 +(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.956 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 F +.455(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596 (completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 636 R 1.596 (guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 648 Q F3(\214lterpat) -3.204 E F0 .704(is remo)3.204 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.204(df).15 G .704 -(rom the list.)-3.204 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0 -(in)3.204 E F3(\214lterpat)3.205 E F0(ne)3.205 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .705 +3.205 E F0 .705(is remo)3.205 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.205(df).15 G .704 +(rom the list.)-3.205 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0 +(in)3.204 E F3(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0(ne)3.204 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .704 (tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 660 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G (ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .467(The return v)144 676.8 R .467 +-.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .466(The return v)144 676.8 R .466 (alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466 -(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.966 E F0 -(or)2.966 E F1<ad72>2.966 E F0 .466(is sup-)2.966 F 1.361 -(plied without a)144 688.8 R F3(name)3.861 E F0(ar)3.861 E 1.361 -(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.662 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H -1.362(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F3(name)144 700.8 Q F0 +(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.967 E F0 +(or)2.967 E F1<ad72>2.967 E F0 .467(is sup-)2.967 F 1.362 +(plied without a)144 688.8 R F3(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361 +(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.661 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H +1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F3(name)144 700.8 Q F0 (for which no speci\214cation e)2.5 E (xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214cation.)-.15 E (GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(57)197.335 E 0 Cg EP @@ -6948,133 +6949,133 @@ SF(compopt)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option) 2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447 (Modify completion options for each)144 96 R F2(name)2.947 E F0 .447 (according to the)2.947 F F2(option)2.947 E F0 .447 -(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .725 -(completion if no)144 108 R F2(name)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)C .725 -(re supplied.)-3.225 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) -C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .726 +(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .726 +(completion if no)144 108 R F2(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726 +(re supplied.)-3.226 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) +C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .725 (n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 120 Q F2(name) -3.224 E F0 .724(or the current completion.)3.224 F .724(The possible v) +3.223 E F0 .723(or the current completion.)3.223 F .724(The possible v) 5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F2(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224 -F .723(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.223 E(plete)144 132 Q F0 -.2(bu) -2.797 G .297(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.297(.T).15 G(he) +F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 132 Q F0 -.2(bu) +2.798 G .298(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.297(.T).15 G(he) -5.297 E F1<ad44>2.797 E F0 .297 (option indicates that the remaining options should apply to)2.797 F -1.228(the `)144 144 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.728('c)-.74 G 1.228(omm\ +1.227(the `)144 144 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.727('c)-.74 G 1.228(omm\ and completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for which no) --3.728 F 2.177(completion has pre)144 156 R 2.177 -(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.177 E F1<ad45>4.677 E F0 2.178 -(option indicates that the remaining options)4.678 F(should apply to `) +-3.727 F 2.178(completion has pre)144 156 R 2.178 +(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.178 E F1<ad45>4.678 E F0 2.177 +(option indicates that the remaining options)4.677 F(should apply to `) 144 168 Q(`empty')-.74 E 2.5('c)-.74 G (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.)-2.5 -E 1.388(The return v)144 192 R 1.388(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F --.25(va)-.4 G 1.387 +E 1.387(The return v)144 192 R 1.387(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F +-.25(va)-.4 G 1.388 (lid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the).25 F (options for a)144 204 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 (for which no completion speci\214cation e)2.5 E (xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E F1(continue)108 220.8 Q F0([) -2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.753(Resume the ne)144 232.8 R 1.753 +2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144 232.8 R 1.754 (xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F1 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1(while)4.254 E F0(,)A F1(until)4.254 E F0 4.254(,o)C(r)-4.254 E F1 -(select)4.254 E F0 4.254(loop. If)4.254 F F2(n)4.614 E F0 1.754 -(is speci\214ed,)4.494 F 1.209(resume at the)144 244.8 R F2(n)3.709 E F0 +(select)4.254 E F0 4.253(loop. If)4.254 F F2(n)4.613 E F0 1.753 +(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 244.8 R F2(n)3.709 E F0 1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F2(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F3 10 /Symbol SF<b3>3.709 E F0 3.709(1. If)3.709 F F2(n)4.069 E F0 1.209 -(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .513 +(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .514 (loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 256.8 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.013('l)-.74 G .513(oop\) is resumed.)-3.013 F .514 -(The return v)5.514 F .514(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.014 E F0(is) -3.014 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 268.8 Q F1(declar)108 285.6 +(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.014('l)-.74 G .514(oop\) is resumed.)-3.014 F .513 +(The return v)5.513 F .513(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F2(n)3.013 E F0(is) +3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 268.8 Q F1(declar)108 285.6 Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F1 (typeset)108 297.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 <ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E 1.265(Declare v)144 309.6 R 1.265(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F -1.565 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.265(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no) +(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 309.6 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F +1.564 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no) 3.765 E F2(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 -G 3.764(nt).15 G 1.264(hen display the v)-3.764 F 1.264(alues of)-.25 F --.25(va)144 321.6 S 3.482(riables. The).25 F F1<ad70>3.482 E F0 .982 -(option will display the attrib)3.482 F .982(utes and v)-.2 F .983 -(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.483 E F0 5.983(.W).18 G(hen)-5.983 E F1 -<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983(is used)3.483 F(with)144 333.6 Q F2(name)2.775 E -F0(ar)2.775 E .275(guments, additional options, other than)-.18 F F1 -<ad66>2.775 E F0(and)2.775 E F1<ad46>2.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .274 -(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When)5.274 E F1<ad70>2.774 E F0 .274(is supplied) -2.774 F(without)144 345.6 Q F2(name)4.813 E F0(ar)4.813 E 2.313 -(guments, it will display the attrib)-.18 F 2.314(utes and v)-.2 F 2.314 -(alues of all v)-.25 F 2.314(ariables ha)-.25 F 2.314(ving the)-.2 F -(attrib)144 357.6 Q 1.182(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.) --.2 F 1.181(If no other options are supplied with)6.182 F F1<ad70>3.681 -E F0(,)A F1(declar)3.681 E(e)-.18 E F0 .62(will display the attrib)144 +G 3.765(nt).15 G 1.265(hen display the v)-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F +-.25(va)144 321.6 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F1<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983 +(option will display the attrib)3.483 F .983(utes and v)-.2 F .982 +(alues of each)-.25 F F2(name)3.482 E F0 5.982(.W).18 G(hen)-5.982 E F1 +<ad70>3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(with)144 333.6 Q F2(name)2.774 E +F0(ar)2.774 E .274(guments, additional options, other than)-.18 F F1 +<ad66>2.775 E F0(and)2.775 E F1<ad46>2.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .275 +(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When)5.275 E F1<ad70>2.775 E F0 .275(is supplied) +2.775 F(without)144 345.6 Q F2(name)4.814 E F0(ar)4.814 E 2.314 +(guments, it will display the attrib)-.18 F 2.314(utes and v)-.2 F 2.313 +(alues of all v)-.25 F 2.313(ariables ha)-.25 F 2.313(ving the)-.2 F +(attrib)144 357.6 Q 1.181(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.) +-.2 F 1.182(If no other options are supplied with)6.181 F F1<ad70>3.682 +E F0(,)A F1(declar)3.682 E(e)-.18 E F0 .62(will display the attrib)144 369.6 R .62(utes and v)-.2 F .62(alues of all shell v)-.25 F 3.12 (ariables. The)-.25 F F1<ad66>3.12 E F0 .62 -(option will restrict the display)3.12 F 1.291(to shell functions.)144 -381.6 R(The)6.291 E F1<ad46>3.791 E F0 1.291(option inhibits the displa\ -y of function de\214nitions; only the function)3.791 F .948 +(option will restrict the display)3.12 F 1.29(to shell functions.)144 +381.6 R(The)6.29 E F1<ad46>3.79 E F0 1.291(option inhibits the display \ +of function de\214nitions; only the function)3.791 F .948 (name and attrib)144 393.6 R .948(utes are printed.)-.2 F .948(If the) 5.948 F F1(extdeb)3.448 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .948 (shell option is enabled using)3.448 F F1(shopt)3.448 E F0 3.448(,t)C .948(he source)-3.448 F 1.69(\214le name and line number where each)144 405.6 R F2(name)4.19 E F0 1.69(is de\214ned are displayed as well.)4.19 F(The)6.69 E F1<ad46>4.19 E F0(option)4.19 E(implies)144 417.6 Q F1 -<ad66>3.891 E F0 6.391(.T)C(he)-6.391 E F1<ad67>3.891 E F0 1.391 -(option forces v)3.891 F 1.391 +<ad66>3.892 E F0 6.392(.T)C(he)-6.392 E F1<ad67>3.892 E F0 1.391 +(option forces v)3.892 F 1.391 (ariables to be created or modi\214ed at the global scope, e)-.25 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E(when)144 429.6 Q F1(declar)4.383 E(e)-.18 E F0 1.883 -(is e)4.383 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.883(cuted in a shell function.).15 F -1.882(It is ignored in all other cases.)6.883 F 1.882(The follo)6.882 F -(wing)-.25 E .793(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 441.6 -R .794(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .794(ute or to gi)-.2 -F 1.094 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 453.6 Q(utes:)-.2 E +(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E(when)144 429.6 Q F1(declar)4.382 E(e)-.18 E F0 1.882 +(is e)4.382 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.882(cuted in a shell function.).15 F +1.883(It is ignored in all other cases.)6.882 F 1.883(The follo)6.883 F +(wing)-.25 E .794(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 441.6 +R .794(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .793(ute or to gi)-.2 +F 1.093 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 453.6 Q(utes:)-.2 E F1<ad61>144 465.6 Q F0(Each)180 465.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1 (Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1<ad41>144 477.6 Q F0(Each)180 477.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a) -.25 H(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F1(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1<ad66>144 489.6 Q F0(Use function names only) -180 489.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad69>144 501.6 Q F0 .558(The v)180 501.6 R .558 +180 489.6 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad69>144 501.6 Q F0 .557(The v)180 501.6 R .558 (ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25 -(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .557 +(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .558 (ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)180 513.6 Q F0(abo) 2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\)i).15 G 2.5(sp)-2.5 G(erformed when the v) -2.5 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F1<ad6c>144 525.6 Q -F0 .909(When the v)180 525.6 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 +F0 .91(When the v)180 525.6 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 (alue, all upper)-.25 F .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 -G .91(rted to lo).15 F(wer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 537.6 R +G .909(rted to lo).15 F(wer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 537.6 R (upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad6e>144 549.6 -Q F0(Gi)180 549.6 Q 1.62 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)3.82 E F0 -(the)3.82 E F2(namer)3.819 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319 +Q F0(Gi)180 549.6 Q 1.619 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F2(name)3.819 E F0 +(the)3.819 E F2(namer)3.819 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319 (ute, making it a name reference to another v)-.2 F(ariable.)-.25 E -1.518(That other v)180 561.6 R 1.518(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 -F 1.519(alue of)-.25 F F2(name)4.019 E F0 6.519(.A)C 1.519 -(ll references, assignments, and)-6.519 F(attrib)180 573.6 Q .227 +1.519(That other v)180 561.6 R 1.519(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 +F 1.518(alue of)-.25 F F2(name)4.018 E F0 6.518(.A)C 1.518 +(ll references, assignments, and)-6.518 F(attrib)180 573.6 Q .226 (ute modi\214cations to)-.2 F F2(name)2.726 E F0 2.726(,e)C .226 (xcept those using or changing the)-2.876 F F1<ad6e>2.726 E F0(attrib) -2.726 E .226(ute itself, are)-.2 F .808(performed on the v)180 585.6 R -.808(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F2(name)3.308 E F0 1.908 -.55('s v)D -3.308(alue. The).3 F .809(nameref attrib)3.309 F .809(ute cannot be)-.2 +2.726 E .227(ute itself, are)-.2 F .809(performed on the v)180 585.6 R +.809(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F2(name)3.308 E F0 1.908 -.55('s v)D +3.308(alue. The).3 F .808(nameref attrib)3.308 F .808(ute cannot be)-.2 F(applied to array v)180 597.6 Q(ariables.)-.25 E F1<ad72>144 609.6 Q F0 -(Mak)180 609.6 Q(e)-.1 E F2(name)5.047 E F0 5.047(sr)C(eadonly)-5.047 E -7.547(.T)-.65 G 2.546(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.547 F -2.546(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 -621.6 Q F1<ad74>144 633.6 Q F0(Gi)180 633.6 Q .729 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach) -.15 E F2(name)2.929 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib) +(Mak)180 609.6 Q(e)-.1 E F2(name)5.046 E F0 5.046(sr)C(eadonly)-5.046 E +7.546(.T)-.65 G 2.546(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.546 F +2.547(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 +621.6 Q F1<ad74>144 633.6 Q F0(Gi)180 633.6 Q .73 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach) +.15 E F2(name)2.93 E F0(the)2.929 E F2(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib) 2.929 E 2.929(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F1 -(DEB)2.929 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.93 E F1(RETURN)2.93 E F0 +(DEB)2.929 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.929 E F1(RETURN)2.929 E F0 (traps from the calling shell.)180 645.6 Q(The trace attrib)5 E (ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144 -657.6 Q F0 .91(When the v)180 657.6 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 +657.6 Q F0 .909(When the v)180 657.6 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909(alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909(-case characters are con)-.2 -F -.15(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 669.6 +F -.15(ve)-.4 G .91(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 669.6 R(lo)2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F1<ad78> 144 681.6 Q F0(Mark)180 681.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E -(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .12 -(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 698.4 R 2.62(ft)-.25 G .12 -(he attrib)-2.62 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .121 -(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.621 E F0 .121(may not be used)2.621 F -.645(to destro)144 710.4 R 3.145(ya)-.1 G 3.145(na)-3.145 G .645(rray v) --3.145 F .645(ariable and)-.25 F F1(+r)3.145 E F0 .645(will not remo) -3.145 F .945 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .645(he readonly attrib).15 F 3.144 -(ute. When)-.2 F .644(used in a func-)3.144 F(tion,)144 722.4 Q F1 +(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .121 +(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 698.4 R 2.621(ft)-.25 G .121 +(he attrib)-2.621 F .121(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .12 +(xceptions that)-.15 F F1(+a)2.62 E F0 .12(may not be used)2.62 F .644 +(to destro)144 710.4 R 3.144(ya)-.1 G 3.144(na)-3.144 G .644(rray v) +-3.144 F .644(ariable and)-.25 F F1(+r)3.145 E F0 .645(will not remo) +3.145 F .945 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .645(he readonly attrib).15 F 3.145 +(ute. When)-.2 F .645(used in a func-)3.145 F(tion,)144 722.4 Q F1 (declar)2.835 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)2.835 E F1(typeset)2.835 E F0(mak)2.835 E 2.835(ee)-.1 G(ach)-2.835 E F2(name)2.835 E F0 .335 (local, as with the)2.835 F F1(local)2.835 E F0 .335 @@ -7085,103 +7086,103 @@ E 2.835(ee)-.1 G(ach)-2.835 E F2(name)2.835 E F0 .335 BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.283 -(is supplied.)144 84 R 1.283(If a v)6.283 F 1.283(ariable name is follo) +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.282 +(is supplied.)144 84 R 1.282(If a v)6.282 F 1.283(ariable name is follo) -.25 F 1.283(wed by =)-.25 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(value)A F0 3.783 -(,t)C 1.283(he v)-3.783 F 1.283(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.282 -(ariable is set to)-.25 F F1(value)3.782 E F0(.)A .926(When using)144 96 -R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad61>3.426 E F0(or)3.426 E F2<ad41>3.426 E F0 -.927(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)3.426 F .927 +(,t)C 1.283(he v)-3.783 F 1.283(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.283 +(ariable is set to)-.25 F F1(value)3.783 E F0(.)A .927(When using)144 96 +R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad61>3.427 E F0(or)3.427 E F2<ad41>3.427 E F0 +.926(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)3.427 F .926 (ariables, additional)-.25 F(attrib)144 108 Q .592(utes do not tak)-.2 F 3.092(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.092 G .592(ect until subsequent assignments.) .25 F .592(The return v)5.592 F .592(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25 (va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .429 (option is encountered, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function using) -144 120 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .429(\255f foo=bar)2.929 F F0 2.929(,a)C -2.929(na)-2.929 G .429(ttempt is)-2.929 F .063(made to assign a v)144 -132 R .063(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .062 -(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .062 +144 120 R/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .428(\255f foo=bar)2.929 F F0 2.928(,a)C +2.928(na)-2.928 G .428(ttempt is)-2.928 F .062(made to assign a v)144 +132 R .062(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .063 +(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .063 (alue to an array v)-.25 F(ari-)-.25 E .102 (able without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)144 144 R F2 (Arrays)2.602 E F0(abo)2.602 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .102(\), one of the).15 F -F1(names)2.602 E F0 .102(is not a)2.602 F -.25(va)144 156 S .172 +F1(names)2.602 E F0 .101(is not a)2.602 F -.25(va)144 156 S .171 (lid shell v).25 F .171(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 -F 2.671(fr)-.25 G .171(eadonly status for a readonly v)-2.671 F .171 +F 2.671(fr)-.25 G .171(eadonly status for a readonly v)-2.671 F .172 (ariable, an)-.25 F .96(attempt is made to turn of)144 168 R 3.46(fa) -.25 G .96(rray status for an array v)-3.46 F .96 (ariable, or an attempt is made to display a)-.25 F(non-e)144 180 Q (xistent function with)-.15 E F2<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F2 (dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 196.8 Q F1(n)A F2 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F2 -(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 208.8 S .329 +(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 208.8 S .328 (thout options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.) -.4 F .328(The def)5.328 F .328(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 +.4 F .329(The def)5.329 F .329(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 (single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 220.8 R 1.238 (Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F2(pushd)144 232.8 Q -F0 2.003(command; the)4.504 F F2(popd)4.503 E F0 2.003(command remo) +F0 2.003(command; the)4.503 F F2(popd)4.503 E F0 2.003(command remo) 4.503 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.503(se).15 G 2.003(ntries from the list.)-4.503 F 2.003(The current directory is)7.003 F(al)144 244.8 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G (ys the \214rst directory in the stack.).1 E F2<ad63>144 256.8 Q F0 (Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the entries.)180 256.8 Q -F2<ad6c>144 268.8 Q F0 .881 -(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)180 268.8 R .882 +F2<ad6c>144 268.8 Q F0 .882 +(Produces a listing using full pathnames; the def)180 268.8 R .881 (ault listing format uses a tilde to denote)-.1 F(the home directory)180 280.8 Q(.)-.65 E F2<ad70>144 292.8 Q F0 (Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)180 292.8 Q F2<ad76> -144 304.8 Q F0 .273(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \ -pre\214xing each entry with its inde)180 304.8 R 2.772(xi)-.15 G 2.772 -(nt)-2.772 G(he)-2.772 E(stack.)180 316.8 Q F2(+)144 328.8 Q F1(n)A F0 -1.564(Displays the)180 328.8 R F1(n)4.064 E F0 1.565 -(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.565(wn by)-.25 F F2 -(dirs)4.065 E F0 1.565(when in)4.065 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E +144 304.8 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \ +pre\214xing each entry with its inde)180 304.8 R 2.773(xi)-.15 G 2.773 +(nt)-2.773 G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 316.8 Q F2(+)144 328.8 Q F1(n)A F0 +1.565(Displays the)180 328.8 R F1(n)4.065 E F0 1.565 +(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.564(wn by)-.25 F F2 +(dirs)4.064 E F0 1.564(when in)4.064 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E (without options, starting with zero.)180 340.8 Q F2<ad>144 352.8 Q F1 (n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)180 352.8 R F1(n)3.694 E F0 1.194 (th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.194(wn by)-.25 F F2(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E -(without options, starting with zero.)180 364.8 Q .257(The return v)144 +(without options, starting with zero.)180 364.8 Q .258(The return v)144 381.6 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 (lid option is supplied or).25 F F1(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe) -.15 G 2.758(sb).15 G -.15(ey)-2.758 G .258(ond the end of the direc-) .15 F(tory stack.)144 393.6 Q F2(diso)108 410.4 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F2 (\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad68>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(jobspec)-2.5 E F0 -(... |)2.5 E F1(pid)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 422.4 S .122 +(... |)2.5 E F1(pid)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 422.4 S .121 (thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F1(jobspec) 4.362 E F0 .122(from the table of acti)2.932 F .422 -.15(ve j)-.25 H -2.622(obs. If).15 F F1(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .121(is not present, and)2.932 +2.622(obs. If).15 F F1(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122(is not present, and)2.932 F .096(neither the)144 434.4 R F2<ad61>2.596 E F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F F2<ad72>2.596 E F0 .096(option is supplied, the)2.596 F F1(curr)2.596 E .096(ent job)-.37 F F0 .096(is used.)2.596 F .096(If the)5.096 F F2 <ad68>2.596 E F0 .096(option is gi)2.596 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .096(n, each) -.15 F F1(jobspec)145.74 446.4 Q F0 .586(is not remo)3.396 F -.15(ve)-.15 -G 3.086(df).15 G .585(rom the table, b)-3.086 F .585(ut is mark)-.2 F -.585(ed so that)-.1 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .585 +.15 F F1(jobspec)145.74 446.4 Q F0 .585(is not remo)3.395 F -.15(ve)-.15 +G 3.085(df).15 G .585(rom the table, b)-3.085 F .585(ut is mark)-.2 F +.585(ed so that)-.1 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .586 (is not sent to the job if the)2.835 F .962(shell recei)144 458.4 R -.15 (ve)-.25 G 3.462(sa).15 G F4(SIGHUP)A/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .962 (If no)5.462 F F1(jobspec)5.202 E F0 .962(is supplied, the)3.772 F F2 <ad61>3.462 E F0 .962(option means to remo)3.462 F 1.262 -.15(ve o)-.15 -H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.359(jobs; the)144 470.4 R F2 -<ad72>3.859 E F0 1.359(option without a)3.859 F F1(jobspec)5.599 E F0 -(ar)4.169 E 1.358(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F -1.358(The return)6.358 F -.25(va)144 482.4 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F1 +H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.358(jobs; the)144 470.4 R F2 +<ad72>3.858 E F0 1.358(option without a)3.858 F F1(jobspec)5.598 E F0 +(ar)4.169 E 1.359(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F +1.359(The return)6.359 F -.25(va)144 482.4 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F1 (jobspec)4.24 E F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job)-.25 E(.)-.4 E F2(echo)108 499.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(ar)-2.5 E(g) --.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .424(Output the)144 511.2 R F1(ar)2.924 E(g)-.37 E +-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .425(Output the)144 511.2 R F1(ar)2.925 E(g)-.37 E F0 .424(s, separated by spaces, follo)B .424(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.924 -(wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .308 -(error occurs.)144 523.2 R(If)5.308 E F2<ad6e>2.808 E F0 .308 -(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.808 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25 -F .307(If the)5.308 F F2<ad65>2.807 E F0 .307(option is gi)2.807 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .307(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E 1.348(pretation of the follo)144 +(wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .307 +(error occurs.)144 523.2 R(If)5.307 E F2<ad6e>2.807 E F0 .307 +(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.807 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25 +F .308(If the)5.308 F F2<ad65>2.808 E F0 .308(option is gi)2.808 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G .308(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E 1.349(pretation of the follo)144 535.2 R 1.348(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The) -6.348 E F2<ad45>3.849 E F0 1.349(option disables the)3.849 F 1.055 +6.348 E F2<ad45>3.848 E F0 1.348(option disables the)3.848 F 1.054 (interpretation of these escape characters, e)144 547.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.555(no).15 G 3.555(ns)-3.555 G 1.055(ystems where the)-3.555 F 3.554 -(ya)-.15 G 1.054(re interpreted by def)-3.554 F(ault.)-.1 E(The)144 -559.2 Q F2(xpg_echo)3.458 E F0 .959 -(shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.458 -F F2(echo)3.459 E F0 -.15(ex)3.459 G(pands).15 E .716 -(these escape characters by def)144 571.2 R(ault.)-.1 E F2(echo)5.716 E -F0 .716(does not interpret)3.216 F F2<adad>3.216 E F0 .715 -(to mean the end of options.)3.216 F F2(echo)5.715 E F0 +3.555(no).15 G 3.555(ns)-3.555 G 1.055(ystems where the)-3.555 F 3.555 +(ya)-.15 G 1.055(re interpreted by def)-3.555 F(ault.)-.1 E(The)144 +559.2 Q F2(xpg_echo)3.459 E F0 .959 +(shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.459 +F F2(echo)3.458 E F0 -.15(ex)3.458 G(pands).15 E .715 +(these escape characters by def)144 571.2 R(ault.)-.1 E F2(echo)5.715 E +F0 .716(does not interpret)3.215 F F2<adad>3.216 E F0 .716 +(to mean the end of options.)3.216 F F2(echo)5.716 E F0 (interprets the follo)144 583.2 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E F2(\\a) 144 595.2 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 595.2 Q F2(\\b)144 607.2 Q F0 (backspace)180 607.2 Q F2(\\c)144 619.2 Q F0(suppress further output)180 @@ -7204,146 +7205,146 @@ SF(\\0)144 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(nnn)A F0 (\\x)144 96 Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 96 Q (alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0 (\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1 -(\\u)144 108 Q F2(HHHH)A F0 1.506 -(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 120 R 1.507 -(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.507(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH) -4.007 E F0(\(one to four he)180 132 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1 -(\\U)144 144 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .548 +(\\u)144 108 Q F2(HHHH)A F0 1.507 +(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 120 R 1.506 +(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.506(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH) +4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 132 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1 +(\\U)144 144 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547 (the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 156 R .547 -(alue is the he)-.25 F .547(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-) -3.047 E(HHH)180 168 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\)) +(alue is the he)-.25 F .548(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-) +3.048 E(HHH)180 168 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\)) -2.5 E F1(enable)108 184.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C F1 (\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad66>-2.5 E F2(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5 -(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .277(Enable and disable b)144 196.8 R +(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .278(Enable and disable b)144 196.8 R .278(uiltin shell commands.)-.2 F .278(Disabling a b)5.278 F .278 -(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .834 +(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .833 (the same name as a shell b)144 208.8 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G .834(cuted without specifying a full pathname, e).15 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.333(nt).15 G(hough)-3.333 E .989 +(ve)-.25 G 3.334(nt).15 G(hough)-3.334 E .99 (the shell normally searches for b)144 220.8 R .989 -(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 .99 -(is used, each)3.49 F F2(name)3.49 E F0 .99(is dis-)3.49 F 1.582 +(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 .989 +(is used, each)3.489 F F2(name)3.489 E F0 .989(is dis-)3.489 F 1.581 (abled; otherwise,)144 232.8 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.) 4.082 F -.15(Fo)6.582 G 4.082(re).15 G 1.582(xample, to use the)-4.232 F F1(test)4.082 E F0 1.582(binary found via the)4.082 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF -.666(PA)4.081 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .08(instead of the shell b)144 244.8 R -.08(uiltin v)-.2 F .08(ersion, run)-.15 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .081 -(enable -n test)2.58 F F0 5.081(.T)C(he)-5.081 E F1<ad66>2.581 E F0 .081 -(option means to load the ne)2.581 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 256.8 S 1.525 -(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.385 E F0 1.524(from shared object)4.204 F +SF -.666(PA)4.082 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .081(instead of the shell b)144 244.8 +R .081(uiltin v)-.2 F .081(ersion, run)-.15 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .081 +(enable -n test)2.581 F F0 5.081(.T)C(he)-5.081 E F1<ad66>2.58 E F0 .08 +(option means to load the ne)2.58 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 256.8 S 1.524 +(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.384 E F0 1.524(from shared object)4.204 F F2(\214lename)4.024 E F0 4.024(,o).18 G 4.024(ns)-4.024 G 1.524 (ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144 268.8 Q F1<ad64> -2.866 E F0 .366(option will delete a b)2.866 F .366(uiltin pre)-.2 F -.366(viously loaded with)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.867 E F0 5.367(.I)C 2.867(fn) --5.367 G(o)-2.867 E F2(name)2.867 E F0(ar)2.867 E .367(guments are gi) --.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .367(n, or).15 F .399(if the)144 280.8 R F1<ad70> -2.899 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399 +2.867 E F0 .367(option will delete a b)2.867 F .367(uiltin pre)-.2 F +.367(viously loaded with)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.866 E F0 5.366(.I)C 2.866(fn) +-5.366 G(o)-2.866 E F2(name)2.866 E F0(ar)2.866 E .366(guments are gi) +-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .366(n, or).15 F .398(if the)144 280.8 R F1<ad70> +2.898 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399 (uiltins is printed.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)5.399 G .399(th no other option ar).4 -F .398(guments, the)-.18 F .098(list consists of all enabled shell b)144 +F .399(guments, the)-.18 F .099(list consists of all enabled shell b)144 292.8 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098 -(is supplied, only disabled b)2.598 F .099(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F -(If)5.099 E F1<ad61>2.599 E F0 1.917 +(is supplied, only disabled b)2.598 F .098(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F +(If)5.098 E F1<ad61>2.598 E F0 1.916 (is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 304.8 R 1.916 -(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.878 -(enabled. If)144 316.8 R F1<ad73>2.878 E F0 .379 -(is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.878 F F2(special) -2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.879 G 2.879(iltins. The).2 F .379(return v)2.879 F -(alue)-.25 E .995(is 0 unless a)144 328.8 R F2(name)3.855 E F0 .994 -(is not a shell b)3.675 F .994(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne) --.2 F 3.494(wb)-.25 G .994(uiltin from a shared)-3.694 F(object.)144 +(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.879 +(enabled. If)144 316.8 R F1<ad73>2.879 E F0 .379 +(is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.879 F F2(special) +2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.878 G 2.878(iltins. The).2 F .378(return v)2.878 F +(alue)-.25 E .994(is 0 unless a)144 328.8 R F2(name)3.854 E F0 .994 +(is not a shell b)3.674 F .994(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne) +-.2 F 3.495(wb)-.25 G .995(uiltin from a shared)-3.695 F(object.)144 340.8 Q F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 357.6 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 -E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 369.6 Q F2(ar)3.17 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.17(sa)C .671 -(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.17 F .671 -(This command is then read)5.671 F .495(and e)144 381.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -.495(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .495 +E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 369.6 Q F2(ar)3.171 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.171(sa)C +.671(re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.171 F +.67(This command is then read)5.67 F .495(and e)144 381.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 +G .495(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .495 (xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .495(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15 (ev a)2.995 H(l).15 E F0 5.495(.I)C 2.995(ft)-5.495 G .495(here are no) -2.995 F F2(ar)2.995 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 393.6 Q (guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1 (exec)108 410.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2 (name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command)-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments) --.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 422.4 Q F2(command)3.005 E F0 .305 -(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.575 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805 -(wp)-.25 G .306(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.306 E F2(ar)3.136 E -(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.076 E .177(the ar)144 434.4 R .177 +-.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 422.4 Q F2(command)3.006 E F0 .306 +(is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.576 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805 +(wp)-.25 G .305(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.305 E F2(ar)3.135 E +(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.075 E .176(the ar)144 434.4 R .176 (guments to)-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G (he)-2.676 E F1<ad6c>2.676 E F0 .176 -(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .176 -(ginning of)-.15 F .499(the zeroth ar)144 446.4 R .499(gument passed to) --.18 F F2(command)2.999 E F0 5.499(.T).77 G .499(his is what)-5.499 F F2 -(lo)2.999 E(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.5 E F1<ad63>3 E F0 -.5(option causes)3 F F2(com-)3.2 E(mand)144 458.4 Q F0 .639(to be e) -3.909 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138 +(option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .177 +(ginning of)-.15 F .5(the zeroth ar)144 446.4 R .5(gument passed to)-.18 +F F2(command)3 E F0 5.499(.T).77 G .499(his is what)-5.499 F F2(lo)2.999 +E(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.499 E F1<ad63>2.999 E F0 +.499(option causes)2.999 F F2(com-)3.199 E(mand)144 458.4 Q F0 .638 +(to be e)3.908 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138 (vironment. If)-.4 F F1<ad61>3.138 E F0 .638 -(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.498 E F0 .638(as the) -3.318 F 1.077(zeroth ar)144 470.4 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15 +(is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.499 E F0 .639(as the) +3.319 F 1.078(zeroth ar)144 470.4 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0 1.077(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a) -.15 F(non-interacti)144 482.4 Q .877 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .577(hell e).15 F -.577(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail)3.077 E F0 .577 -(shell option is enabled.)3.077 F .576(In that case, it returns f)5.577 +.15 F(non-interacti)144 482.4 Q .876 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .576(hell e).15 F +.576(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail)3.076 E F0 .577 +(shell option is enabled.)3.077 F .577(In that case, it returns f)5.577 F(ail-)-.1 E 2.505(ure. An)144 494.4 R(interacti)2.505 E .305 -.15(ve s) -.25 H .005(hell returns f).15 F .005(ailure if the \214le cannot be e) -.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.505(cuted. If).15 F F2(command)2.705 E F0 .005 -(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 506.4 Q 3.037(yr)-.15 G .537 -(edirections tak)-3.037 F 3.036(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.036 G .536 +(is not speci\214ed,)3.275 F(an)144 506.4 Q 3.036(yr)-.15 G .536 +(edirections tak)-3.036 F 3.036(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.036 G .536 (ect in the current shell, and the return status is 0.).25 F .536 (If there is a redirection)5.536 F(error)144 518.4 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G (he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 535.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -(])A .095(Cause the shell to e)144 535.2 R .095(xit with a status of) --.15 F F2(n)2.595 E F0 5.095(.I)C(f)-5.095 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .096 -(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .096(xit status is that of the last command) +(])A .096(Cause the shell to e)144 535.2 R .096(xit with a status of) +-.15 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 5.096(.I)C(f)-5.096 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .095 +(is omitted, the e)2.835 F .095(xit status is that of the last command) -.15 F -.15(exe)144 547.2 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E F3(EXIT)2.5 E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E F1(export)108 564 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 576 Q F0 -.257(The supplied)144 588 R F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F +.256(The supplied)144 588 R F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F .257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257 -(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.626 -(commands. If)144 600 R(the)2.626 E F1<ad66>2.626 E F0 .127 +(vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627 +(commands. If)144 600 R(the)2.627 E F1<ad66>2.627 E F0 .127 (option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the).15 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no)5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E -F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70> -144 612 Q F0 .048(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.548 F +F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .126(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70> +144 612 Q F0 .048(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.547 F .048(xported v)-.15 F .048(ariables is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.048 E F1 -<ad6e>2.547 E F0 .047(option causes the)2.547 F -.15(ex)144 624 S 1.446 +<ad6e>2.548 E F0 .048(option causes the)2.548 F -.15(ex)144 624 S 1.447 (port property to be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.947(df).15 G 1.447 (rom each)-3.947 F F2(name)3.947 E F0 6.447(.I)C 3.947(fav)-6.447 G 1.447(ariable name is follo)-4.197 F 1.447(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d) --.37 E F0 3.947(,t)C(he)-3.947 E -.25(va)144 636 S .742(lue of the v).25 -F .742(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)3.242 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1 -(export)5.742 E F0 .742(returns an e)3.242 F .741 -(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G .741(lid option is) -.25 F .031(encountered, one of the)144 648 R F2(names)2.531 E F0 .031 -(is not a v)2.531 F .032(alid shell v)-.25 F .032(ariable name, or)-.25 -F F1<ad66>2.532 E F0 .032(is supplied with a)2.532 F F2(name)2.892 E F0 -(that)2.712 E(is not a function.)144 660 Q F1(fc)108 676.8 Q F0([)2.5 E +-.37 E F0 3.946(,t)C(he)-3.946 E -.25(va)144 636 S .741(lue of the v).25 +F .741(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)3.241 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1 +(export)5.741 E F0 .742(returns an e)3.242 F .742 +(xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G .742(lid option is) +.25 F .032(encountered, one of the)144 648 R F2(names)2.532 E F0 .032 +(is not a v)2.532 F .032(alid shell v)-.25 F .032(ariable name, or)-.25 +F F1<ad66>2.531 E F0 .031(is supplied with a)2.531 F F2(name)2.891 E F0 +(that)2.711 E(is not a function.)144 660 Q F1(fc)108 676.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 <8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(fc \255s)108 688.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 -(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .432 +(cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .431 (The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 700.8 R F2<8c72> -4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F2(last)3.022 E F0 .431 -(from the history list and displays or)3.612 F .141(edits and re-e)144 -712.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .141(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs) +4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F2(last)3.022 E F0 .432 +(from the history list and displays or)3.612 F .142(edits and re-e)144 +712.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .142(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs) .45 G(t).1 E F0(and)3.321 E F2(last)2.731 E F0 .141 (may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command)3.321 F(be) -144 724.8 Q .311(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde) --.15 F 2.811(xi)-.15 G .31(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F --.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .61 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 +144 724.8 Q .31(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)-.15 +F 2.811(xi)-.15 G .311(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F -.05 +(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .611 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(60)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 61 61 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .314 -(is used as an of)144 84 R .314(fset from the current command number\).) --.25 F(If)5.314 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(last)2.905 E F0 .315 -(is not speci\214ed it is set to the cur)3.495 F(-)-.2 E .949 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .315 +(is used as an of)144 84 R .315(fset from the current command number\).) +-.25 F(If)5.315 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(last)2.904 E F0 .314 +(is not speci\214ed it is set to the cur)3.494 F(-)-.2 E .948 (rent command for listing \(so that)144 96 R/F2 10/Courier@0 SF .948 (fc \255l \25510)3.448 F F0 .948(prints the last 10 commands\) and to) -3.448 F F1<8c72>5.358 E(st)-.1 E F0(other)4.128 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. If) +3.448 F F1<8c72>5.359 E(st)-.1 E F0(other)4.129 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. If) 144 108 R F1<8c72>4.41 E(st)-.1 E F0 (is not speci\214ed it is set to the pre)3.18 E (vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 132 Q @@ -7353,113 +7354,113 @@ F3<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022 (rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 144 R .438(If the)5.438 F F3<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438 (n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E -.334(the editor gi)144 156 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.834(nb).15 G(y)-2.834 E F1 -(ename)3.024 E F0 .335(is in)3.014 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835(do) +.335(the editor gi)144 156 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E F1 +(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835(do) .1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835 F -(If)5.335 E F1(ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is not gi)3.015 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -(n,).15 E .631(the v)144 168 R .631(alue of the)-.25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 -.25(va)2.881 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 -F .631(alue of)-.25 F F4(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F4 -(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 .63(is not set.)2.88 F .63(If nei-)5.63 F .95(ther v) -144 180 R .95(ariable is set,)-.25 F F1(vi)5.116 E F0 .95(is used.)5.116 -F .951(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)5.95 -F -.15(exe)144 192 S(cuted.).15 E .789(In the second form,)144 216 R F1 +(If)5.334 E F1(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +(n,).15 E .63(the v)144 168 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 +SF(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 -.25(va)2.88 G .631(riable is used, and the v).25 F +.631(alue of)-.25 F F4(EDIT)3.131 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F4(FCEDIT) +3.131 E F0 .631(is not set.)2.881 F .631(If nei-)5.631 F .951(ther v)144 +180 R .951(ariable is set,)-.25 F F1(vi)5.117 E F0 .951(is used.)5.117 F +.95(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)5.951 F +-.15(exe)144 192 S(cuted.).15 E .788(In the second form,)144 216 R F1 (command)3.288 E F0 .788(is re-e)3.288 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 (cuted after each instance of).15 F F1(pat)3.288 E F0 .788 -(is replaced by)3.288 F F1 -.37(re)3.288 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F1(Com-)5.788 -E(mand)144 228 Q F0 .346(is intepreted the same as)2.846 F F1<8c72>2.847 +(is replaced by)3.288 F F1 -.37(re)3.289 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F1(Com-)5.789 +E(mand)144 228 Q F0 .347(is intepreted the same as)2.847 F F1<8c72>2.847 E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.847 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.347(.A).15 G .347 -(useful alias to use with this is)-2.5 F F2 .347(r='fc \255s')2.847 F F0 -2.847(,s)C 2.847(ot)-2.847 G(hat)-2.847 E(typing)144 240 Q F2 7.166(rc) -3.666 G(c)-7.166 E F0 1.166(runs the last command be)3.666 F 1.166 -(ginning with)-.15 F F2(cc)3.666 E F0 1.165(and typing)3.666 F F2(r) -3.665 E F0(re-e)3.665 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.165(cutes the last com-).15 F +(useful alias to use with this is)-2.5 F F2 .346(r='fc \255s')2.847 F F0 +2.846(,s)C 2.846(ot)-2.846 G(hat)-2.846 E(typing)144 240 Q F2 7.165(rc) +3.665 G(c)-7.165 E F0 1.165(runs the last command be)3.665 F 1.166 +(ginning with)-.15 F F2(cc)3.666 E F0 1.166(and typing)3.666 F F2(r) +3.666 E F0(re-e)3.666 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.166(cutes the last com-).15 F (mand.)144 252 Q .142(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 276 R .142(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142 (lid option is encountered or).25 F F1<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322 -E F1(last)2.732 E F0 .455(specify history lines out of range.)144 288 R +E F1(last)2.732 E F0 .454(specify history lines out of range.)144 288 R .454(If the)5.454 F F3<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454 -(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .454(alue is the v)-.25 F .454 -(alue of the)-.25 F .787(last command e)144 300 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .787 -(cuted or f).15 F .788 +(option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .455(alue is the v)-.25 F .455 +(alue of the)-.25 F .788(last command e)144 300 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 +(cuted or f).15 F .787 (ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)-.1 F -.788(If the)5.788 F 1.136 +.787(If the)5.787 F 1.135 (second form is used, the return status is that of the command re-e)144 -312 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.135(cuted, unless).15 F F1(cmd)3.835 E F0 1.135 -(does not)4.405 F(specify a v)144 324 Q +312 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.136(cuted, unless).15 F F1(cmd)3.836 E F0 1.136 +(does not)4.406 F(specify a v)144 324 Q (alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F3(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E (ailure.)-.1 E F3(fg)108 340.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume) -144 352.8 Q F1(jobspec)5.653 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.223 F 1.413 +144 352.8 Q F1(jobspec)5.654 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.224 F 1.413 (ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913(ei)-.1 G 3.913(tt)-3.913 G 1.413 (he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F1(jobspec)5.653 E F0 -1.414(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 364.8 Q 3.117(sn)-.55 G -.617(otion of the)-3.117 F F1(curr)3.117 E .617(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617 -(is used.)3.117 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .616 +1.413(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 364.8 Q 3.116(sn)-.55 G +.616(otion of the)-3.116 F F1(curr)3.116 E .616(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617 +(is used.)3.116 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .617 (alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 376.8 Q -.362(ground, or f)-.15 F .362 -(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .363 +.363(ground, or f)-.15 F .363 +(ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .362 (hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F1(jobspec)145.74 388.8 Q F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job or)-.25 E F1(jobspec)4.24 E F0 (speci\214es a job that w)2.81 E(as started without job control.)-.1 E F3(getopts)108 405.6 Q F1(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(gs) -.37 E F0(])A F3(getopts)144 417.6 Q F0 .793 -(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.294 F F1 -(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .149 -(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 429.6 R .15 -(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .15(xpected to ha)-.15 F .45 --.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 441.6 Q .579 -(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .578 +(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F1 +(optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .15 +(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 429.6 R .149 +(wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .149(xpected to ha)-.15 F .449 +-.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 441.6 Q .578 +(gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .579 (The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665 (acters may not be used as option characters.)144 453.6 R 1.665 (Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F3(getopts) -4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .797 -(option in the shell v)144 465.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F1(name)3.297 E F0 -3.297(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.297 E F1(name)3.657 E F0 .797 -(if it does not e)3.477 F .796(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.296(xo)-.15 G -3.296(ft)-3.296 G .796(he ne)-3.296 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 477.6 Q .085 +4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .796 +(option in the shell v)144 465.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F1(name)3.296 E F0 +3.296(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.296 E F1(name)3.657 E F0 .797 +(if it does not e)3.477 F .797(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.297(xo)-.15 G +3.297(ft)-3.297 G .797(he ne)-3.297 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 477.6 Q .085 (gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPTIND)2.585 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F4(OPTIND)4.585 E F0 .085 -(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .846 +(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .845 (or a shell script is in)144 489.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345 (d. When).1 F .845(an option requires an ar)3.345 F(gument,)-.18 E F3 -(getopts)3.345 E F0 .845(places that ar)3.345 F(gument)-.18 E .803 -(into the v)144 501.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPT)3.303 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A -F0 .803(The shell does not reset)5.303 F F4(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .804 -(automatically; it must be manually)3.054 F .294 +(getopts)3.346 E F0 .846(places that ar)3.346 F(gument)-.18 E .804 +(into the v)144 501.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPT)3.304 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A +F0 .803(The shell does not reset)5.304 F F4(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .803 +(automatically; it must be manually)3.053 F .293 (reset between multiple calls to)144 513.6 R F3(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293 (within the same shell in)2.793 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .293(cation if a ne).2 F -2.793(ws)-.25 G .293(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 525.6 -Q 2.043(When the end of options is encountered,)144 549.6 R F3(getopts) -4.543 E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.044 +2.793(ws)-.25 G .294(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 525.6 +Q 2.044(When the end of options is encountered,)144 549.6 R F3(getopts) +4.543 E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.043 (alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F4(OPTIND)144 561.6 Q F0 (is set to the inde)2.25 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G (he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F1(name)2.5 E F0 -(is set to ?.)2.5 E F3(getopts)144 585.6 Q F0 2.393 -(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.893 F 2.392 -(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.392(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.892 -(ni).15 G(n)-4.892 E F1(ar)4.892 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F3(getopts)144 -597.6 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F3(getopts)144 621.6 Q F0 1.165 -(can report errors in tw)3.665 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F -1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F1(optstring)3.895 E F0 1.166 -(is a colon,)3.886 F F1(silent)4.006 E F0(error)4.346 E 1.071 +(is set to ?.)2.5 E F3(getopts)144 585.6 Q F0 2.392 +(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.892 F 2.392 +(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.393(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.893 +(ni).15 G(n)-4.893 E F1(ar)4.893 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F3(getopts)144 +597.6 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F3(getopts)144 621.6 Q F0 1.166 +(can report errors in tw)3.666 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F +1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F1(optstring)3.895 E F0 1.165 +(is a colon,)3.885 F F1(silent)4.005 E F0(error)4.345 E 1.07 (reporting is used.)144 633.6 R 1.071 -(In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.071 F --.25(va)-.4 G 1.07(lid options or).25 F .393(missing option ar)144 645.6 -R .393(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F(ariable) --.25 E F4(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F -(will be displayed, e)144 657.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft) --2.5 G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E F1(optstring)2.73 E F0 -(is not a colon.)2.72 E .667(If an in)144 681.6 R -.25(va)-.4 G .667 -(lid option is seen,).25 F F3(getopts)3.167 E F0 .667(places ? into) -3.167 F F1(name)3.527 E F0 .666 -(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .399(and unsets)144 -693.6 R F4(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F3(getopts)2.899 -E F0 .399(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F4 -(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .4(and no)2.65 F -(diagnostic message is printed.)144 705.6 Q 1.242(If a required ar)144 -729.6 R 1.242(gument is not found, and)-.18 F F3(getopts)3.741 E F0 -1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F3(?).833 E F0 3.741 -(\)i).833 G 3.741(sp)-3.741 G 1.241(laced in)-3.741 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 +(In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.07 F +-.25(va)-.4 G 1.071(lid options or).25 F .394(missing option ar)144 +645.6 R .394(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F +(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394 +(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F(will be displayed, e)144 657.6 Q +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E +F1(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.)2.72 E .666(If an in)144 681.6 R +-.25(va)-.4 G .666(lid option is seen,).25 F F3(getopts)3.166 E F0 .667 +(places ? into)3.167 F F1(name)3.527 E F0 .667 +(and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .4(and unsets)144 +693.6 R F4(OPT)2.9 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F3(getopts)2.899 E +F0 .399(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F4 +(OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .399(and no)2.649 F +(diagnostic message is printed.)144 705.6 Q 1.241(If a required ar)144 +729.6 R 1.241(gument is not found, and)-.18 F F3(getopts)3.741 E F0 +1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F3(?).833 E F0 3.742 +(\)i).833 G 3.742(sp)-3.742 G 1.242(laced in)-3.742 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(61)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 62 62 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -7468,14 +7469,14 @@ BP /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(name)144 84 Q F0(,).18 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPT) -2.734 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .234 -(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.484 F(If)5.234 E/F3 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(getopts)2.734 E F0 .235(is silent, then a colon \() +2.735 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .234 +(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.485 F(If)5.234 E/F3 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(getopts)2.734 E F0 .234(is silent, then a colon \() 2.734 F F3(:).833 E F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 96 Q F1(name)2.86 E F0 (and)2.68 E F2(OPT)2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 (is set to the option character found.)2.25 E F3(getopts)144 120 Q F0 .902(returns true if an option, speci\214ed or unspeci\214ed, is found.) -3.402 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .901(alse if the end of)-.1 F +3.401 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .902(alse if the end of)-.1 F (options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 132 Q F3(hash)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(\255lr)A F0 2.5(][)C F3<ad70>-2.5 E F1(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3(\255dt)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .858 @@ -7484,35 +7485,35 @@ G -.1(ke).2 G .858(d, the full pathname of the command).1 F F1(name) 3.718 E F0 .858(is determined by searching)3.538 F .956 (the directories in)144 172.8 R F3($P)3.456 E -.95(AT)-.74 G(H).95 E F0 .956(and remembered.)3.456 F(An)5.956 E 3.456(yp)-.15 G(re)-3.456 E .956 -(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .242(If the)144 184.8 -R F3<ad70>2.742 E F0 .243 -(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.742 F F1 -(\214lename)4.653 E F0 .243(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F 1.712 -(of the command.)144 196.8 R(The)6.712 E F3<ad72>4.212 E F0 1.711 -(option causes the shell to for)4.212 F 1.711 -(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)6.711 E F3<ad64>4.211 E F0 +(viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .243(If the)144 184.8 +R F3<ad70>2.743 E F0 .243 +(option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.743 F F1 +(\214lename)4.653 E F0 .242(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F 1.711 +(of the command.)144 196.8 R(The)6.711 E F3<ad72>4.211 E F0 1.711 +(option causes the shell to for)4.211 F 1.712 +(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)6.712 E F3<ad64>4.212 E F0 .833(option causes the shell to for)144 208.8 R .833 (get the remembered location of each)-.18 F F1(name)3.333 E F0 5.833(.I) C 3.333(ft)-5.833 G(he)-3.333 E F3<ad74>3.333 E F0 .833(option is sup-) -3.333 F .704(plied, the full pathname to which each)144 220.8 R F1(name) -3.204 E F0 .703(corresponds is printed.)3.204 F .703(If multiple)5.703 F -F1(name)3.203 E F0(ar)3.203 E(guments)-.18 E .795(are supplied with)144 +3.333 F .703(plied, the full pathname to which each)144 220.8 R F1(name) +3.204 E F0 .704(corresponds is printed.)3.204 F .704(If multiple)5.704 F +F1(name)3.204 E F0(ar)3.204 E(guments)-.18 E .795(are supplied with)144 232.8 R F3<ad74>3.295 E F0 3.295(,t)C(he)-3.295 E F1(name)3.295 E F0 .795(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)3.295 F(The)5.795 E F3 <ad6c>3.295 E F0 .795(option causes)3.295 F .934 (output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144 -244.8 R .934(If no ar)5.934 F .934(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.934(n, or if).15 F(only)144 256.8 Q F3<ad6c>2.821 E F0 .321 -(is supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)2.821 F -.322(The return status is true)5.322 F(unless a)144 268.8 Q F1(name)2.86 +244.8 R .934(If no ar)5.934 F .935(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +.935(n, or if).15 F(only)144 256.8 Q F3<ad6c>2.822 E F0 .322 +(is supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)2.822 F +.321(The return status is true)5.321 F(unless a)144 268.8 Q F1(name)2.86 E F0(is not found or an in)2.68 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is supplied.) .25 E F3(help)108 285.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 -(pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A .867(Display helpful information about b)144 +(pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A .866(Display helpful information about b)144 297.6 R .867(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F1(pattern)4.617 E F0 -.866(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F3(help)3.366 E F0(gi)3.366 E -.15(ve)-.25 -G 3.366(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.366 E .306(help on all commands matching)144 -309.6 R F1(pattern)2.806 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307 -(therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .307 +.867(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F3(help)3.367 E F0(gi)3.367 E -.15(ve)-.25 +G 3.367(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.367 E .307(help on all commands matching)144 +309.6 R F1(pattern)2.807 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307 +(therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .306 (uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 321.6 Q F3 <ad64>144 333.6 Q F0(Display a short description of each)180 333.6 Q F1 (pattern)2.5 E F3<ad6d>144 345.6 Q F0(Display the description of each) @@ -7528,13 +7529,13 @@ F3(history \255p)108 439.2 Q F1(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A 2.5 -.37 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A 2.5(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.4(Wi)144 463.2 S .752 (th no options, display the command history list with line numbers.).4 F -.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F3(*)3.251 E F0(ha)3.251 E -.15(ve)-.2 -G .38(been modi\214ed.)144 475.2 R .38(An ar)5.38 F .38(gument of)-.18 F -F1(n)3.24 E F0 .38(lists only the last)3.12 F F1(n)3.24 E F0 2.88 +.752(Lines listed with a)5.752 F F3(*)3.252 E F0(ha)3.252 E -.15(ve)-.2 +G .381(been modi\214ed.)144 475.2 R .38(An ar)5.38 F .38(gument of)-.18 +F F1(n)3.24 E F0 .38(lists only the last)3.12 F F1(n)3.24 E F0 2.88 (lines. If)3.12 F .38(the shell v)2.88 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(HISTTIMEFOR-) -2.881 E(MA)144 487.2 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .265 -(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.515 F F1 -(strftime)2.764 E F0 .264(\(3\) to display the time stamp asso-)B 1.019 +2.88 E(MA)144 487.2 Q(T)-.855 E F0 .264 +(is set and not null, it is used as a format string for)2.514 F F1 +(strftime)2.765 E F0 .265(\(3\) to display the time stamp asso-)B 1.02 (ciated with each displayed history entry)144 499.2 R 6.019(.N)-.65 G 3.519(oi)-6.019 G(nterv)-3.519 E 1.019 (ening blank is printed between the formatted)-.15 F .176 @@ -7547,32 +7548,32 @@ F1(n)3.24 E F0 .38(lists only the last)3.12 F F1(n)3.24 E F0 2.88 (Clear the history list by deleting all the entries.)180 535.2 Q F3 <ad64>144 547.2 Q F1(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 E F0 (Delete the history entry at position)180 559.2 Q F1(of)2.5 E(fset)-.18 -E F0(.)A F3<ad61>144 571.2 Q F0 .564(Append the `)180 571.2 R(`ne)-.74 E -(w')-.25 E 3.064('h)-.74 G .564(istory lines to the history \214le.) --3.064 F .565(These are history lines entered since)5.564 F(the be)180 +E F0(.)A F3<ad61>144 571.2 Q F0 .565(Append the `)180 571.2 R(`ne)-.74 E +(w')-.25 E 3.065('h)-.74 G .564(istory lines to the history \214le.) +-3.065 F .564(These are history lines entered since)5.564 F(the be)180 583.2 Q(ginning of the current)-.15 E F3(bash)2.5 E F0(session, b)2.5 E (ut not already appended to the history \214le.)-.2 E F3<ad6e>144 595.2 Q F0 .854(Read the history lines not already read from the history \214\ -le into the current history list.)180 595.2 R .772 +le into the current history list.)180 595.2 R .773 (These are lines appended to the history \214le since the be)180 607.2 R -.773(ginning of the current)-.15 F F3(bash)3.273 E F0(ses-)3.273 E +.772(ginning of the current)-.15 F F3(bash)3.272 E F0(ses-)3.272 E (sion.)180 619.2 Q F3<ad72>144 631.2 Q F0(Read the contents of the hist\ ory \214le and append them to the current history list.)180 631.2 Q F3 <ad77>144 643.2 Q F0 (Write the current history list to the history \214le, o)180 643.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the history \214le').15 E 2.5(sc)-.55 G -(ontents.)-2.5 E F3<ad70>144 655.2 Q F0 .626 +(ontents.)-2.5 E F3<ad70>144 655.2 Q F0 .625 (Perform history substitution on the follo)180 655.2 R(wing)-.25 E F1 -(ar)3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .625(and display the result on the standard) +(ar)3.125 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .626(and display the result on the standard) 3.125 F 2.975(output. Does)180 667.2 R .475 (not store the results in the history list.)2.975 F(Each)5.475 E F1(ar) 2.975 E(g)-.37 E F0 .475(must be quoted to disable)2.975 F (normal history e)180 679.2 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F3<ad73>144 691.2 Q F0 -.363(Store the)180 691.2 R F1(ar)3.193 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363 -(in the history list as a single entry)3.133 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .362 +.362(Store the)180 691.2 R F1(ar)3.192 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .363 +(in the history list as a single entry)3.132 F 5.363(.T)-.65 G .363 (he last command in the history list is)-5.363 F(remo)180 703.2 Q -.15 (ve)-.15 G 2.5(db).15 G(efore the)-2.5 E F1(ar)2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0 -(are added.)2.77 E .145(If the)144 720 R F2(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.645 E(T) +(are added.)2.77 E .146(If the)144 720 R F2(HISTTIMEFORMA)2.645 E(T) -.855 E F0 -.25(va)2.395 G .145 (riable is set, the time stamp information associated with each history) .25 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(62)197.335 E 0 Cg EP @@ -7581,21 +7582,21 @@ ory \214le and append them to the current history list.)180 631.2 Q F3 BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .669 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .668 (entry is written to the history \214le, mark)144 84 R .669 -(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.668(.W)-.55 G .668 -(hen the history)-5.668 F .955(\214le is read, lines be)144 96 R .956 -(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .956 -(wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F 1.796 +(ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.669(.W)-.55 G .669 +(hen the history)-5.669 F .956(\214le is read, lines be)144 96 R .956 +(ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .955 +(wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F 1.795 (are interpreted as timestamps for the follo)144 108 R 1.795 (wing history entry)-.25 F 6.795(.T)-.65 G 1.795(he return v)-6.795 F -1.795(alue is 0 unless an)-.25 F(in)144 120 Q -.25(va)-.4 G .768(lid op\ +1.796(alue is 0 unless an)-.25 F(in)144 120 Q -.25(va)-.4 G .768(lid op\ tion is encountered, an error occurs while reading or writing the histo\ ry \214le, an in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(of)144 132 Q(fset)-.18 E F0 1.032(is supplied as an ar)3.532 F 1.031 +(of)144 132 Q(fset)-.18 E F0 1.031(is supplied as an ar)3.531 F 1.031 (gument to)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad64>3.531 E F0 3.531(,o)C 3.531 (rt)-3.531 G 1.031(he history e)-3.531 F 1.031 -(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 F 1.031(gument to)-.18 F F2<ad70>3.531 +(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 F 1.032(gument to)-.18 F F2<ad70>3.532 E F0 -.1(fa)144 144 S(ils.).1 E F2(jobs)108 160.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 (\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5 E F2(jobs \255x)108 172.8 Q F1(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E @@ -7603,21 +7604,21 @@ E F0 -.1(fa)144 144 S(ils.).1 E F2(jobs)108 160.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 (obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E (wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad6c>144 196.8 Q F0 (List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)180 196.8 Q F2 -<ad6e>144 208.8 Q F0 .193(Display information only about jobs that ha) -180 208.8 R .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .194(hanged status since the user w).15 -F .194(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 220.8 Q F2<ad70> +<ad6e>144 208.8 Q F0 .194(Display information only about jobs that ha) +180 208.8 R .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15 +F .193(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 220.8 Q F2<ad70> 144 232.8 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')180 232.8 Q 2.5(sp) -.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2<ad72>144 244.8 Q F0 (Display only running jobs.)180 244.8 Q F2<ad73>144 256.8 Q F0 -(Display only stopped jobs.)180 256.8 Q(If)144 273.6 Q F1(jobspec)4.554 -E F0 .314(is gi)3.124 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .314 -(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.313(.T) --.4 G .313(he return status is 0 unless)-5.313 F(an in)144 285.6 Q -.25 +(Display only stopped jobs.)180 256.8 Q(If)144 273.6 Q F1(jobspec)4.553 +E F0 .313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313 +(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.314(.T) +-.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 285.6 Q -.25 (va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered or an in).25 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 -E F1(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .394(If the)144 302.4 R F2 -<ad78>2.894 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F2(jobs)2.894 E F0 +E F1(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 302.4 R F2 +<ad78>2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F2(jobs)2.894 E F0 .394(replaces an)2.894 F(y)-.15 E F1(jobspec)4.634 E F0 .394(found in) -3.204 F F1(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F1(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .395 +3.204 F F1(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F1(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .394 (with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 314.4 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F1(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F1(ar) 2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.)-.15 E @@ -7625,58 +7626,58 @@ F2(kill)108 331.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad73>A F1(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2 <ad6e>2.5 E F1(signum)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2<ad>2.5 E F1(sigspec)A F0 2.5 (][)C F1(pid)-2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1(jobspec)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)C(..)-2.5 E F2 (kill \255l)108 343.2 Q F0(|)A F2<ad4c>A F0([)2.5 E F1(sigspec)A F0(|) -2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(it_status).2 E F0(])A .12 -(Send the signal named by)144 355.2 R F1(sigspec)2.96 E F0(or)2.93 E F1 -(signum)2.96 E F0 .119(to the processes named by)2.939 F F1(pid)3.869 E -F0(or)3.389 E F1(jobspec)2.619 E F0(.).31 E F1(sigspec)5.459 E F0(is) -2.929 E .318(either a case-insensiti)144 367.2 R .618 -.15(ve s)-.25 H -.318(ignal name such as).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGKILL)2.818 E F0 -.319(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.819 E F0 .319 -(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.569 F(number;)144 379.2 Q F1(signum)4.189 E F0 -1.349(is a signal number)4.169 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F1(sigspec) +2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(it_status).2 E F0(])A .119 +(Send the signal named by)144 355.2 R F1(sigspec)2.959 E F0(or)2.929 E +F1(signum)2.959 E F0 .119(to the processes named by)2.939 F F1(pid)3.87 +E F0(or)3.39 E F1(jobspec)2.62 E F0(.).31 E F1(sigspec)5.46 E F0(is)2.93 +E .319(either a case-insensiti)144 367.2 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .319 +(ignal name such as).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 .318 +(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.818 E F0 .318 +(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 379.2 Q F1(signum)4.188 E F0 +1.349(is a signal number)4.168 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F1(sigspec) 4.189 E F0 1.349(is not present, then)4.159 F F3(SIGTERM)3.849 E F0 -1.348(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.348 E(ar)144 391.2 Q .522(gument of)-.18 +1.349(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.349 E(ar)144 391.2 Q .523(gument of)-.18 F F2<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(lists the signal names.)3.023 F .523(If an) 5.523 F 3.023(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.023 G .523(uments are supplied when) .18 F F2<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(is gi)3.023 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .523 (n, the names).15 F .28(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 403.2 R .28(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.28 E -F1 -.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 415.2 Q .377(gument to)-.18 F -F2<ad6c>2.877 E F0 .378 -(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.877 F .378 -(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .963(nated by a signal.)144 427.2 +F1 -.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 415.2 Q .378(gument to)-.18 F +F2<ad6c>2.878 E F0 .378 +(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.878 F .377 +(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .962(nated by a signal.)144 427.2 R(The)5.962 E F2<ad4c>3.462 E F0 .962(option is equi)3.462 F -.25(va) -.25 G .962(lent to).25 F F2<ad6c>3.462 E F0(.)A F2(kill)5.962 E F0 .962 (returns true if at least one signal w)3.462 F(as)-.1 E (successfully sent, or f)144 439.2 Q(alse if an error occurs or an in) -.1 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 E F2(let)108 456 Q F1 (ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Each)144 -468 Q F1(ar)3.026 E(g)-.37 E F0 .196(is an arithmetic e)2.916 F .197 -(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .197(luated \(see).25 F F3 .197 -(ARITHMETIC EV)2.697 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo) -2.447 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.697(\). If).15 F(the last)144 480 Q F1(ar)2.83 +468 Q F1(ar)3.027 E(g)-.37 E F0 .197(is an arithmetic e)2.917 F .197 +(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .196(luated \(see).25 F F3 .196 +(ARITHMETIC EV)2.696 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo) +2.446 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(\). If).15 F(the last)144 480 Q F1(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)2.72 G(luates to 0,).25 E F2(let)2.5 E F0 (returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F2(local)108 496.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C (.. | \255 ])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 508.8 S 2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F .06(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06(ariable named)-.25 F F1(name)2.92 E F0 .06(is created, and assigned)2.74 F F1(value)2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he) --5.06 E F1(option)2.56 E F0 .06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 520.8 Q 3.152(yo) --.15 G 3.152(ft)-3.152 G .652(he options accepted by)-3.152 F F2(declar) -3.152 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)C(hen)-5.652 E F2(local)3.152 E F0 .653 +-5.06 E F1(option)2.56 E F0 .06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 520.8 Q 3.153(yo) +-.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F2(declar) +3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)C(hen)-5.652 E F2(local)3.152 E F0 .652 (is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144 -532.8 Q F1(name)3.282 E F0 .422(to ha)3.102 F .722 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H +532.8 Q F1(name)3.281 E F0 .421(to ha)3.101 F .721 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .422(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F -(If)5.421 E F1(name)2.921 E F0 .421(is \255, the set)2.921 F 1.461 +(If)5.422 E F1(name)2.922 E F0 .422(is \255, the set)2.922 F 1.461 (of shell options is made local to the function in which)144 544.8 R F2 -(local)3.961 E F0 1.462(is in)3.961 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 1.462 -(d: shell options changed).1 F 1.563(using the)144 556.8 R F2(set)4.063 -E F0 -.2(bu)4.063 G 1.563 -(iltin inside the function are restored to their original v).2 F 1.562 -(alues when the function)-.25 F 3.743(returns. W)144 568.8 R 1.243 -(ith no operands,)-.4 F F2(local)3.743 E F0 1.243 -(writes a list of local v)3.743 F 1.244 -(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.244(It is an)6.244 F .42 +(local)3.961 E F0 1.461(is in)3.961 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 1.461 +(d: shell options changed).1 F 1.562(using the)144 556.8 R F2(set)4.062 +E F0 -.2(bu)4.062 G 1.563 +(iltin inside the function are restored to their original v).2 F 1.563 +(alues when the function)-.25 F 3.744(returns. W)144 568.8 R 1.244 +(ith no operands,)-.4 F F2(local)3.744 E F0 1.244 +(writes a list of local v)3.744 F 1.243 +(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.243(It is an)6.243 F .42 (error to use)144 580.8 R F2(local)2.92 E F0 .42 (when not within a function.)2.92 F .42(The return status is 0 unless) 5.42 F F2(local)2.92 E F0 .42(is used outside a)2.92 F(function, an in) @@ -7694,14 +7695,14 @@ F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E (count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1 (fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43>-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][) C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(])A .35(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 650.4 R +(])A .351(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 650.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.851(da).15 G .351(rray v)-2.851 F(ariable)-.25 E F1 -(arr)2.851 E(ay)-.15 E F0 2.851(,o).32 G 2.851(rf)-2.851 G .351 -(rom \214le descriptor)-2.851 F F1(fd)2.851 E F0 1.249(if the)144 662.4 -R F2<ad75>3.749 E F0 1.249(option is supplied.)3.749 F 1.249(The v)6.249 -F(ariable)-.25 E F3(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 -E F1(arr)3.748 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.248(.O)C 1.248(ptions, if supplied,) --6.248 F(ha)144 674.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(arr)2.85 E(ay)-.15 E F0 2.85(,o).32 G 2.85(rf)-2.85 G .35 +(rom \214le descriptor)-2.85 F F1(fd)2.85 E F0 1.248(if the)144 662.4 R +F2<ad75>3.748 E F0 1.248(option is supplied.)3.748 F 1.249(The v)6.249 F +(ariable)-.25 E F3(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 +E F1(arr)3.749 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.249(.O)C 1.249(ptions, if supplied,) +-6.249 F(ha)144 674.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E (wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad64>144 686.4 Q F0(The \214rst character of) 180 686.4 Q F1(delim)2.5 E F0 (is used to terminate each input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 @@ -7728,33 +7729,33 @@ SF<ad73>144 84 Q F0(Discard the \214rst)180 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 E F0 (option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0(.).32 E F1<ad63>144 132 Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)180 132 Q F2 -(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 148.8 Q F1<ad43>2.967 E F0 .467 +(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 148.8 Q F1<ad43>2.968 E F0 .467 (is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F1<ad63>2.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467 (he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F2 (callbac)2.967 E(k)-.2 E F0 .467(is e)2.967 F -.25(va)-.25 G .467 -(luated, it is sup-).25 F .262(plied the inde)144 160.8 R 2.762(xo)-.15 -G 2.762(ft)-2.762 G .262(he ne)-2.762 F .261(xt array element to be ass\ -igned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .274 -(as additional ar)144 172.8 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.274 E(k)-.2 E -F0 .274(is e)2.774 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274 -(luated after the line is read b).25 F .275 +(luated, it is sup-).25 F .261(plied the inde)144 160.8 R 2.761(xo)-.15 +G 2.761(ft)-2.761 G .261(he ne)-2.761 F .262(xt array element to be ass\ +igned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .275 +(as additional ar)144 172.8 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.275 E(k)-.2 E +F0 .275(is e)2.775 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274 +(luated after the line is read b).25 F .274 (ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 184.8 Q (If not supplied with an e)144 201.6 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F1 (map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 218.4 Q F0 1.906 -(returns successfully unless an in)4.406 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.905 -(lid option or option ar).25 F 1.905(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F2(arr) -4.405 E(ay)-.15 E F0(is)4.405 E(in)144 230.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G +(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 218.4 Q F0 1.905 +(returns successfully unless an in)4.405 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.905 +(lid option or option ar).25 F 1.906(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F2(arr) +4.406 E(ay)-.15 E F0(is)4.406 E(in)144 230.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G (lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 (is not an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E F1(popd)108 247.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 259.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799 -(se).15 G .299(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.799 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G -.299(th no ar).4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 -G .3(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.479(stack, and performs a)144 -271.2 R F1(cd)3.979 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.979 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479 -(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.478 -(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.778 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.478(he follo).15 +2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 259.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(se) +.15 G .3(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.8 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299 +(th no ar).4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 G +.299(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.478(stack, and performs a)144 +271.2 R F1(cd)3.978 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.978 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479 +(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.479 +(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.779 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.479(he follo).15 F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 283.2 Q F1<ad6e>144 295.2 Q F0 .551 (Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)180 295.2 R .551 (ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F @@ -7765,72 +7766,72 @@ F F1(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero.)-2.64 F -.15(Fo)180 331.2 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0 (remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he \214rst directory)-2.5 E(,) -.65 E F3(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E F1<ad>144 343.2 Q F2(n)A F0 -(Remo)180 343.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.759(st).15 G(he)-3.759 E F2(n)3.759 E -F0 1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.26(wn by) --.25 F F1(dirs)3.76 E F0 3.76(,s)C 1.26(tarting with)-3.76 F 2.5 +(Remo)180 343.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he)-3.76 E F2(n)3.76 E F0 +1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.259(wn by) +-.25 F F1(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)-3.759 F 2.5 (zero. F)180 355.2 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F3(popd -0)2.5 E F0 (remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 -E F3(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .644(If the)144 -372 R F1(popd)3.144 E F0 .644(command is successful, a)3.144 F F1(dirs) -3.143 E F0 .643(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.)3.143 -F F1(popd)5.643 E F0 .415(returns f)144 384 R .415(alse if an in)-.1 F +E F3(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .643(If the)144 +372 R F1(popd)3.143 E F0 .643(command is successful, a)3.143 F F1(dirs) +3.143 E F0 .644(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.)3.143 +F F1(popd)5.644 E F0 .416(returns f)144 384 R .416(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .415 -(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.916 -(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.916 E .416(xistent direc-)-.15 F +(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.915 +(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.915 E .415(xistent direc-)-.15 F (tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 396 Q (ails.)-.1 E F1(printf)108 412.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad76>A F2(var)2.5 E F0 -(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.437 -(Write the formatted)144 424.8 R F2(ar)3.937 E(guments)-.37 E F0 1.437 -(to the standard output under the control of the)3.937 F F2(format)3.936 -E F0 6.436(.T)C(he)-6.436 E F1<ad76>3.936 E F0 .126 +(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.436 +(Write the formatted)144 424.8 R F2(ar)3.936 E(guments)-.37 E F0 1.437 +(to the standard output under the control of the)3.936 F F2(format)3.937 +E F0 6.437(.T)C(he)-6.437 E F1<ad76>3.937 E F0 .126 (option causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 436.8 R(ariable) -.25 E F2(var)2.626 E F0 .126(rather than being printed to the standard) -2.626 F(output.)144 448.8 Q(The)144 472.8 Q F2(format)3.018 E F0 .517(i\ +2.626 F(output.)144 448.8 Q(The)144 472.8 Q F2(format)3.017 E F0 .517(i\ s a character string which contains three types of objects: plain chara\ -cters, which are)3.018 F .704(simply copied to standard output, charact\ -er escape sequences, which are con)144 484.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .704 +cters, which are)3.017 F .704(simply copied to standard output, charact\ +er escape sequences, which are con)144 484.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .703 (rted and copied to).15 F .036(the standard output, and format speci\ -\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 496.8 R .036 +\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 496.8 R .037 (xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(ar)144 508.8 Q(gument)-.37 E F0 -5.531(.I)C 3.031(na)-5.531 G .531(ddition to the standard)-3.031 F F2 -(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F1(printf)3.032 -E F0 .532(interprets the follo)3.032 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 520.8 Q +5.532(.I)C 3.032(na)-5.532 G .532(ddition to the standard)-3.032 F F2 +(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F1(printf)3.031 +E F0 .531(interprets the follo)3.031 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 520.8 Q (xtensions:)-.15 E F1(%b)144 532.8 Q F0(causes)180 532.8 Q F1(printf) -2.596 E F0 .096(to e)2.596 F .096 +2.595 E F0 .096(to e)2.595 F .096 (xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F F2(ar) -2.596 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .095(in the)2.595 F(same w)180 544.8 Q(ay as) +2.596 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .096(in the)2.596 F(same w)180 544.8 Q(ay as) -.1 E F1(echo \255e)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%q)144 556.8 Q F0(causes)180 556.8 Q F1(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)2.51 F F2(ar)2.51 E (gument)-.37 E F0 .01(in a format that can be reused as shell)2.51 F (input.)180 568.8 Q F1(%\()144 580.8 Q F2(datefmt)A F1(\)T)A F0(causes) -180 592.8 Q F1(printf)4.404 E F0 1.904 -(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.404 F F2(datefmt) -4.404 E F0 1.903(as a format)4.404 F .38(string for)180 604.8 R F2 +180 592.8 Q F1(printf)4.403 E F0 1.904 +(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.403 F F2(datefmt) +4.404 E F0 1.904(as a format)4.404 F .381(string for)180 604.8 R F2 (strftime)2.881 E F0 2.881(\(3\). The)B(corresponding)2.881 E F2(ar) 2.881 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .381(is an inte)2.881 F .381 -(ger representing the number)-.15 F .458(of seconds since the epoch.)180 +(ger representing the number)-.15 F .457(of seconds since the epoch.)180 616.8 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.458 H .458(special ar)3.758 F .458(gument v)-.18 F -.458(alues may be used: -1 represents the)-.25 F .847 +.458(alues may be used: -1 represents the)-.25 F .848 (current time, and -2 represents the time the shell w)180 628.8 R .847 -(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.348(d. If).1 F .848(no ar)3.348 -F .848(gument is speci-)-.18 F .355(\214ed, con)180 640.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 -G .355(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.855(sa).15 G 2.855(si)-2.855 G -2.855(f-)-2.855 G 2.855(1h)-2.855 G .354(ad been gi)-2.855 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 2.854(n. This).15 F .354(is an e)2.854 F .354 -(xception to the usual)-.15 F F1(printf)2.854 E F0(beha)180 652.8 Q -(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E(Ar)144 669.6 Q .463(guments to non-string format s\ -peci\214ers are treated as C constants, e)-.18 F .464 -(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F 1.259(minus sign is allo)144 681.6 +(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.347(d. If).1 F .847(no ar)3.347 +F .847(gument is speci-)-.18 F .354(\214ed, con)180 640.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 +G .354(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.854(sa).15 G 2.854(si)-2.854 G +2.854(f-)-2.854 G 2.854(1h)-2.854 G .354(ad been gi)-2.854 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G 2.854(n. This).15 F .355(is an e)2.854 F .355 +(xception to the usual)-.15 F F1(printf)2.855 E F0(beha)180 652.8 Q +(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E(Ar)144 669.6 Q .464(guments to non-string format s\ +peci\214ers are treated as C constants, e)-.18 F .463 +(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F 1.258(minus sign is allo)144 681.6 R 1.259 (wed, and if the leading character is a single or double quote, the v) --.25 F 1.258(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 693.6 Q(alue of the follo) --.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 710.4 Q F2(format)3.423 E -F0 .923(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.423 F F2(ar)3.423 +-.25 F 1.259(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 693.6 Q(alue of the follo) +-.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 710.4 Q F2(format)3.424 E +F0 .923(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.424 F F2(ar)3.423 E(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F2(format) -3.423 E F0 .924(requires more)3.424 F F2(ar)144 722.4 Q(guments)-.37 E -F0 .033(than are supplied, the e)2.534 F .033 +3.423 E F0 .923(requires more)3.423 F F2(ar)144 722.4 Q(guments)-.37 E +F0 .033(than are supplied, the e)2.533 F .033 (xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .333 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.533(si) -.15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .033(alue or null string,) +.15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .034(alue or null string,) -.25 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(64)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 65 65 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -7843,158 +7844,158 @@ BP /Times-Bold@0 SF(pushd)108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+) -2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108 112.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0 -(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotate\ -s the stack, making the ne)144 124.8 R 3.14(wt)-.25 G .64(op of the) --3.14 F .417(stack the current w)144 136.8 R .416(orking directory)-.1 F -5.416(.W)-.65 G .416(ith no ar)-5.816 F(guments,)-.18 E F1(pushd)2.916 E -F0 -.15(ex)2.916 G .416(changes the top tw).15 F 2.916(od)-.1 G -(irectories)-2.916 E 1.625 +(])A .64(Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates\ + the stack, making the ne)144 124.8 R 3.139(wt)-.25 G .639(op of the) +-3.139 F .416(stack the current w)144 136.8 R .416(orking directory)-.1 +F 5.416(.W)-.65 G .416(ith no ar)-5.816 F(guments,)-.18 E F1(pushd)2.916 +E F0 -.15(ex)2.916 G .416(changes the top tw).15 F 2.917(od)-.1 G +(irectories)-2.917 E 1.625 (and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 148.8 R 6.625 (.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.625 G 1.625(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.925 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.625(he follo).15 F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 160.8 Q F1<ad6e>144 172.8 Q F0 1.811(Suppresses the normal change of directory \ when rotating or adding directories to the)180 172.8 R (stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.)180 184.8 Q F1(+)144 -196.8 Q F2(n)A F0 1.267(Rotates the stack so that the)180 196.8 R F2(n) -3.767 E F0 1.268(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B -1.268(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)180 208.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C +196.8 Q F2(n)A F0 1.268(Rotates the stack so that the)180 196.8 R F2(n) +3.768 E F0 1.267(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B +1.267(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)180 208.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C (tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F1<ad>144 220.8 Q F2(n)A F0 .92(Rotates the stack so that the)180 220.8 R F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92 (th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)180 232.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.) --2.5 E F2(dir)144.35 244.8 Q F0(Adds)180 244.8 Q F2(dir)3.137 E F0 .287 -(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.517 F 2.788(wc) --.25 G .288(urrent w)-2.788 F .288(orking directory as)-.1 F +-2.5 E F2(dir)144.35 244.8 Q F0(Adds)180 244.8 Q F2(dir)3.138 E F0 .288 +(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.518 F 2.787(wc) +-.25 G .287(urrent w)-2.787 F .287(orking directory as)-.1 F (if it had been supplied as the ar)180 256.8 Q(gument to the)-.18 E F1 -(cd)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .489(If the)144 273.6 R F1(pushd) -2.989 E F0 .489(command is successful, a)2.989 F F1(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488 -(is performed as well.)2.988 F .488(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F -F1(pushd)2.988 E F0 1.039(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 285.6 R F2(dir) -3.889 E F0 -.1(fa)4.269 G 3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,) --.4 F F1(pushd)3.54 E F0 1.04(returns 0 unless the directory)3.54 F .847 -(stack is empty)144 297.6 R 3.347(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.347 E .847(xistent\ +(cd)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .488(If the)144 273.6 R F1(pushd) +2.988 E F0 .488(command is successful, a)2.988 F F1(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488 +(is performed as well.)2.988 F .489(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F +F1(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 285.6 R F2(dir) +3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G 3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 +F F1(pushd)3.539 E F0 1.039(returns 0 unless the directory)3.539 F .846 +(stack is empty)144 297.6 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent\ directory stack element is speci\214ed, or the directory change to the) -.15 F(speci\214ed ne)144 309.6 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 -E(ails.)-.1 E F1(pwd)108 326.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .844 +E(ails.)-.1 E F1(pwd)108 326.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255LP)A F0(])A .845 (Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 338.4 R .845 -(orking directory)-.1 F 5.845(.T)-.65 G .845 -(he pathname printed contains no)-5.845 F .182(symbolic links if the)144 +(orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844 +(he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144 350.4 R F1<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F1 .181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F1 -(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .181(iltin command is).2 F 3.263 -(enabled. If)144 362.4 R(the)3.263 E F1<ad4c>3.263 E F0 .763 -(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.263 -F .764(The return)5.764 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ +(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264 +(enabled. If)144 362.4 R(the)3.264 E F1<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763 +(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264 +F .763(The return)5.763 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 374.4 R -.25(va) -.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 386.4 Q F1 -.18(re)108 403.2 S -(ad).18 E F0([)3.816 E F1(\255ers)A F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad61>-3.816 E F2 -(aname)3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad64>-3.816 E F2(delim)3.816 E F0 3.816 -(][)C F1<ad69>-3.816 E F2(te)3.816 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad6e> --3.816 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad4e>-3.817 E -F2(nc)3.817 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad70>-3.817 E F2(pr) -3.817 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad74>-3.817 E F2(timeout)3.817 E F0 -3.817(][)C F1<ad75>-3.817 E F2(fd)3.817 E F0(])A([)108 415.2 Q F2(name)A +(ad).18 E F0([)3.817 E F1(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad61>-3.817 E F2 +(aname)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad64>-3.817 E F2(delim)3.817 E F0 3.817 +(][)C F1<ad69>-3.817 E F2(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.817(][)C F1<ad6e> +-3.817 E F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad4e>-3.816 E +F2(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad70>-3.816 E F2(pr) +3.816 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F1<ad74>-3.816 E F2(timeout)3.816 E F0 +3.816(][)C F1<ad75>-3.816 E F2(fd)3.816 E F0(])A([)108 415.2 Q F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input, or from th\ e \214le descriptor)144 427.2 R F2(fd)3.016 E F0 .516(supplied as an ar) -3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 439.2 Q F1<ad75>3.847 E F0 1.347 -(option, split into w)3.847 F 1.347(ords as described abo)-.1 F 1.648 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)3.848 G 1.348(rd Splitting).75 F -F0 3.848(,a)C 1.348(nd the \214rst w)-3.848 F 1.348(ord is)-.1 F 1.465 +3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 439.2 Q F1<ad75>3.848 E F0 1.348 +(option, split into w)3.848 F 1.348(ords as described abo)-.1 F 1.647 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.75(Wo)3.847 G 1.347(rd Splitting).75 F +F0 3.847(,a)C 1.347(nd the \214rst w)-3.847 F 1.347(ord is)-.1 F 1.465 (assigned to the \214rst)144 451.2 R F2(name)3.965 E F0 3.965(,t).18 G 1.465(he second w)-3.965 F 1.465(ord to the second)-.1 F F2(name)3.965 E F0 3.965(,a).18 G 1.465(nd so on.)-3.965 F 1.465(If there are more)6.465 F -.1(wo)144 463.2 S 1.112(rds than names, the remaining w).1 F 1.112 (ords and their interv)-.1 F 1.112 (ening delimiters are assigned to the last)-.15 F F2(name)144 475.2 Q F0 -5.723(.I).18 G 3.223(ft)-5.723 G .723(here are fe)-3.223 F .723(wer w) --.25 F .722 +5.722(.I).18 G 3.222(ft)-5.722 G .722(here are fe)-3.222 F .722(wer w) +-.25 F .723 (ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names are)-.1 -F .531(assigned empty v)144 487.2 R 3.031(alues. The)-.25 F .531 -(characters in)3.031 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.031 E F0 .532 -(are used to split the line into w)2.781 F .532(ords using the same)-.1 +F .532(assigned empty v)144 487.2 R 3.032(alues. The)-.25 F .532 +(characters in)3.032 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.032 E F0 .531 +(are used to split the line into w)2.782 F .531(ords using the same)-.1 F .197(rules the shell uses for e)144 499.2 R .197 (xpansion \(described abo)-.15 F .497 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 --.75(Wo)2.697 G .197(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.697(\). The)B .196 -(backslash charac-)2.697 F .156(ter \()144 511.2 R F1(\\)A F0 2.656(\)m) -C .156(ay be used to remo)-2.656 F .457 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .457 -.15(ny s) -.15 H .157(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .157 +-.75(Wo)2.697 G .197(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.697(\). The)B .197 +(backslash charac-)2.697 F .157(ter \()144 511.2 R F1(\\)A F0 2.657(\)m) +C .157(ay be used to remo)-2.657 F .457 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .457 -.15(ny s) +.15 H .157(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .156 (xt character read and for line continu-)-.15 F 2.5(ation. Options,)144 523.2 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 535.2 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.05(The w) -180 547.2 R 1.049 +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 535.2 Q F2(aname)2.5 E F0 1.049 +(The w)180 547.2 R 1.049 (ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable) --.25 E F2(aname)3.549 E F0 3.549(,s).18 G 1.049(tarting at 0.)-3.549 F -F2(aname)180.33 559.2 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 --.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 -(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 571.2 Q F2(delim)2.5 E -F0(The \214rst character of)180 583.2 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0 +-.25 E F2(aname)3.55 E F0 3.55(,s).18 G 1.05(tarting at 0.)-3.55 F F2 +(aname)180.33 559.2 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25 +(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F2(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 +E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F1<ad64>144 571.2 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0 +(The \214rst character of)180 583.2 Q F2(delim)2.5 E F0 (is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.5 E(wline.)-.25 E -F1<ad65>144 595.2 Q F0 .372 +F1<ad65>144 595.2 Q F0 .373 (If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 595.2 R F1 -.18 -(re)2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo) -2.623 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E +(re)2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.872 E F0(abo) +2.622 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.872(\)i).15 G 2.872(su)-2.872 G(sed)-2.872 E .218(to obtain the line.)180 607.2 R .218 (Readline uses the current \(or def)5.218 F .218 (ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E (acti)180 619.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings.)-2.5 E F1<ad69>144 631.2 Q F2(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 E F0(If)180 631.2 Q F1 -.18(re) -2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F2 +2.716 G(adline).18 E F0 .216(is being used to read the line,)2.716 F F2 (te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 -E .216(fer before edit-)-.25 F(ing be)180 643.2 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e> +E .215(fer before edit-)-.25 F(ing be)180 643.2 Q(gins.)-.15 E F1<ad6e> 144 655.2 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 667.2 S(ad).18 -E F0 1.395(returns after reading)3.895 F F2(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 -E F0 1.395(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394 +E F0 1.394(returns after reading)3.894 F F2(nc)3.894 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 +E F0 1.395(characters rather than w)3.894 F 1.395 (aiting for a complete line of)-.1 F(input, b)180 679.2 Q (ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1 <ad4e>144 691.2 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 703.2 S -(ad).18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc) +(ad).18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.77 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc) 3.769 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F -1.27(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275 +1.269(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .274 (line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 715.2 R F1 -.18(re) -2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274 -(Delimiter characters encoun-)5.274 F 1.002 +2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .275(times out.)2.775 F .275 +(Delimiter characters encoun-)5.275 F 1.003 (tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 727.2 -R F1 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F2(nc) -3.503 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 +R F1 -.18(re)3.502 G(ad).18 E F0 1.002(to return until)3.502 F F2(nc) +3.502 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(65)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 66 66 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .609 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .608 (characters are read.)180 84 R .608 -(The result is not split on the characters in)5.609 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(IFS)3.108 E F0 3.108(;t)C .608(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25 -(va)180 96 S .669(riable is assigned e).25 F .669 -(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .67 +(The result is not split on the characters in)5.608 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(IFS)3.108 E F0 3.108(;t)C .609(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25 +(va)180 96 S .67(riable is assigned e).25 F .669 +(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .669 (xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F1<ad72>180 108 Q F0(option belo) 2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1<ad70>144 120 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(pr)2.5 E -(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 132 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161 -(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne) +(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display)180 132 Q F2(pr)3.66 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161 +(on standard error)3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne) -3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 144 Q 2.5 (yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F (prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1 -<ad72>144 156 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character) -180 156 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of) +<ad72>144 156 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character) +180 156 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543(he backslash is considered to be part of) -5.543 F(the line.)180 168 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,ab)-.4 G (ackslash-ne)-2.5 E(wline pair may not be used as a line continuation.) -.25 E F1<ad73>144 180 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 180 Q (If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1 -<ad74>144 192 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 204 Q F1 -.18(re)2.929 G -(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.929 F .428 -(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .56 +<ad74>144 192 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 204 Q F1 -.18(re)2.928 G +(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.928 F .428 +(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .561 (ber of characters\) is not read within)180 216 R F2(timeout)3.061 E F0 -(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .561(may be a decimal number) +(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .56(may be a decimal number) 3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 228 Q (wing the decimal point.)-.25 E(This option is only ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is readin\ g input from a terminal, pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 -240 R .506(fect when reading)-.25 F .59(from re)180 252 R .59 -(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.59 E F1 -.18(re)3.09 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 -(times out,)3.09 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)-.2 -G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .589 +240 R .505(fect when reading)-.25 F .589(from re)180 252 R .589 +(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.589 E F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 +(times out,)3.089 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve) +-.2 G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .59 (artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 264 S(riable) .25 E F2(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F2(timeout)2.77 E F0 .27 (is 0,)2.77 F F1 -.18(re)2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately)2.77 @@ -8004,42 +8005,42 @@ F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27(ithout trying to read an)-2.77 F 2.77(yd)-.15 G .25 F 3.62(,n)-.4 G 1.12(on-zero other)-3.62 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. The)180 288 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(it status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e) .15 E(xceeded.)-.15 E F1<ad75>144 300 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 -(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 300 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .476 -(If no)144 316.8 R F2(names)3.336 E F0 .476 -(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)3.246 F(ariable)-.25 E -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)2.977 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A -F0 .477(The e)4.977 F .477(xit status is zero,)-.15 F .773 -(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 328.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.273 G(ad) -.18 E F0 .772 -(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a)3.273 F +(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 300 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .477 +(If no)144 316.8 R F2(names)3.337 E F0 .477 +(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)3.247 F(ariable)-.25 E +/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)2.976 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A +F0 .476(The e)4.976 F .476(xit status is zero,)-.15 F .772 +(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 328.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.272 G(ad) +.18 E F0 .773 +(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a)3.272 F -.25(va)144 340.8 S 2.004 -(riable assignment error \(such as assigning to a readonly v).25 F 2.005 -(ariable\) occurs, or an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 2.005(lid \214le).25 F +(riable assignment error \(such as assigning to a readonly v).25 F 2.004 +(ariable\) occurs, or an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 2.004(lid \214le).25 F (descriptor is supplied as the ar)144 352.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad75> 2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 369.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A (d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 381.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G (n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v) -.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77 -(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144 393.6 R -1.096(If the)6.096 F F1<ad66>3.596 E F0 1.097 -(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2 -(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 405.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) +(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097(quent assignment.)144 393.6 R +1.097(If the)6.097 F F1<ad66>3.597 E F0 1.097 +(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2 +(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 405.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) -.1 F F1<ad61>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834 (ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the) -3.334 F F1<ad41>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-) --.25 E .776(ables to associati)144 417.6 R 1.076 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.276 -(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.276 F F1<ad41>3.277 E -F0(tak)3.277 E .777(es precedence.)-.1 F .777(If no)5.777 F F2(name) -3.637 E F0(ar)3.457 E(gu-)-.18 E .522(ments are gi)144 429.6 R -.15(ve) +-.25 E .777(ables to associati)144 417.6 R 1.077 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.277 +(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.277 F F1<ad41>3.277 E +F0(tak)3.277 E .776(es precedence.)-.1 F .776(If no)5.776 F F2(name) +3.636 E F0(ar)3.456 E(gu-)-.18 E .521(ments are gi)144 429.6 R -.15(ve) -.25 G .521(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>3.021 E F0 .521 (option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.021 F -.521(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \ -to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 441.6 R(The)5.296 E F1 -<ad70>2.796 E F0(option)2.796 E .786 +.522(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \ +to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 441.6 R(The)5.295 E F1 +<ad70>2.795 E F0(option)2.795 E .786 (causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.) -144 453.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .785(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 -465.6 Q .717(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) +144 453.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .786(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 +465.6 Q .718(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) -3.218 F .718(alue of the v)-.25 F .718(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor) 3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718(he return status is 0 unless an in) -5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26(option is encountered, one of the) @@ -8047,143 +8048,143 @@ to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 441.6 R(The)5.296 E F1 -.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.76 E F0 .26 (is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 489.6 Q F0 (that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 506.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 -E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .02(Causes a function to stop e)144 518.4 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 -(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(to its caller)2.761 F -5.021(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.021 E F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(is omitted,)2.761 F .597 +E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .021(Causes a function to stop e)144 518.4 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .021(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 +(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(to its caller)2.76 F 5.02 +(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(is omitted,)2.76 F .596 (the return status is that of the last command e)144 530.4 R -.15(xe) --.15 G .596(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.596(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.596 E -F1 -.18(re)3.096 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .596(is e)3.096 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G(cuted).15 E 1.238(by a trap handler)144 542.4 R 3.738(,t)-.4 G 1.238 +-.15 G .597(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.597(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.597 E +F1 -.18(re)3.097 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .597(is e)3.097 F -.15(xe)-.15 +G(cuted).15 E 1.239(by a trap handler)144 542.4 R 3.738(,t)-.4 G 1.238 (he last command used to determine the status is the last command e) --3.738 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 1.067(before the trap handler)144 +-3.738 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 1.066(before the trap handler)144 554.4 R 6.067(.i)-.55 G(f)-6.067 E F1 -.18(re)3.567 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 1.067(is e)3.567 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.067(cuted during a).15 F F1(DEB) -3.567 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.067(trap, the last command used to)3.567 F .389 +3.567 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.067(trap, the last command used to)3.567 F .39 (determine the status is the last command e)144 566.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -.389(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.89 G(tur).18 E -(n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)2.89 G 2.89(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-2.89 H -.1(ke).4 -G(d.).1 E(If)144 578.4 Q F1 -.18(re)2.584 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .084 -(is used outside a function, b)2.584 F .084(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe) --.15 G .084(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)2.584 E F0(\()5.084 E -F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 2.583(\)c)C .083(ommand, it)-2.583 F .588 -(causes the shell to stop e)144 590.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .588 -(cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .589 -(or the e)3.329 F .589(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .326(mand e) -144 602.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .326(cuted within the script as the e).15 F -.326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .325 -(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .325(alue is)-.25 F .444 +.389(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.889 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)2.889 G 2.889(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-2.889 H -.1(ke) +.4 G(d.).1 E(If)144 578.4 Q F1 -.18(re)2.583 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 +.084(is used outside a function, b)2.583 F .084(ut during e)-.2 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .084(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)2.584 E F0(\()5.084 +E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 2.584(\)c)C .084(ommand, it)-2.584 F .589 +(causes the shell to stop e)144 590.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .589 +(cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .588 +(or the e)3.328 F .588(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .325(mand e) +144 602.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .325(cuted within the script as the e).15 F +.326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .326 +(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .326(alue is)-.25 F .445 (its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 614.4 R .444 -(The return status is non-zero if)5.444 F F1 -.18(re)2.945 G(tur).18 E -(n)-.15 E F0 .445(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.945 F(gu-)-.18 E .381 +(The return status is non-zero if)5.445 F F1 -.18(re)2.944 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0 .444(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.944 F(gu-)-.18 E .381 (ment, or is used outside a function and not during e)144 626.4 R -.15 (xe)-.15 G .381(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.881 E F0(or)3.714 E -F1(sour)2.881 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.38(.A)C .68 -.15(ny c)-5.38 H(om-).15 E -.749(mand associated with the)144 638.4 R F1(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749 +F1(sour)2.881 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.381(.A)C .681 -.15(ny c)-5.381 H(om-).15 +E .75(mand associated with the)144 638.4 R F1(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749 (trap is e)3.249 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .749(cuted before e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G .75(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 650.4 Q F1 +G .749(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 650.4 Q F1 (set)108 667.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1(set)108 679.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E -(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 691.2 S .836 +(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 691.2 S .835 (thout options, the name and v).4 F .835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F -.835(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 +.836(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 (reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 703.2 -R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .784 -(riables cannot be).25 F 2.912(reset. In)144 715.2 R F2(posix)2.912 E F0 +R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .783 +(riables cannot be).25 F 2.911(reset. In)144 715.2 R F2(posix)2.911 E F0 .412(mode, only shell v)2.912 F .412(ariables are listed.)-.25 F .412 -(The output is sorted according to the current)5.412 F 3.53 -(locale. When)144 727.2 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.53 F -3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.531(utes. An) --.2 F 3.531(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.531 G 1.031(uments remaining).18 F +(The output is sorted according to the current)5.412 F 3.531 +(locale. When)144 727.2 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.531 F +3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.53(utes. An) +-.2 F 3.53(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.53 G 1.03(uments remaining).18 F (GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(66)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 67 67 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.624 -(after option processing are treated as v)144 84 R 1.623 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.623 +(after option processing are treated as v)144 84 R 1.624 (alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in)-.25 F(order) 144 96 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1 ($2)2.5 E F0(,)A F1 2.5(... $)2.5 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0 5(.O) C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha)-5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 108 Q F0 1.377(Each v)184 108 R 1.377 +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 108 Q F0 1.378(Each v)184 108 R 1.377 (ariable or function that is created or modi\214ed is gi)-.25 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.877(nt).15 G 1.377(he e)-3.877 F 1.378(xport attrib)-.15 F -1.378(ute and)-.2 F(mark)184 120 Q(ed for e)-.1 E(xport to the en)-.15 E -(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1<ad62>144 132 Q F0 .132 +-.25 G 3.877(nt).15 G 1.377(he e)-3.877 F 1.377(xport attrib)-.15 F +1.377(ute and)-.2 F(mark)184 120 Q(ed for e)-.1 E(xport to the en)-.15 E +(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1<ad62>144 132 Q F0 .131 (Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)184 132 R -2.632(,r)-.65 G .131(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E +2.632(,r)-.65 G .132(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E (primary prompt.)184 144 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o)-.25 -H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1<ad65>144 156 Q F0 .087 -(Exit immediately if a)184 156 R F2(pipeline)2.587 E F0 .087 -(\(which may consist of a single)2.587 F F2 .088(simple command)2.588 F -F0 .088(\), a)B F2(list)2.588 E F0 2.588(,o)C(r)-2.588 E(a)184 168 Q F2 -1.521(compound command)4.021 F F0(\(see)4.021 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -1.521(SHELL GRAMMAR)4.021 F F0(abo)3.771 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.521(\), e) -.15 F 1.521(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 F .079 -(The shell does not e)184 180 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F -.08(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 192 Q -1.655(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)4.155 E F0(or)4.155 E F1(until)4.155 E F0 --.1(ke)4.155 G(yw)-.05 E 1.655(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F 1.654 -(wing the)-.25 F F1(if)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F1(elif)4.154 E F0(reserv) -4.154 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 204 S .581(rds, part of an).1 F 3.081(yc) --.15 G .581(ommand e)-3.081 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F1 -(&&)3.081 E F0(or)3.081 E F1(||)3.081 E F0 .582(list e)3.082 F .582 -(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .918(the \214nal)184 216 R -F1(&&)3.418 E F0(or)3.418 E F1(||)3.418 E F0 3.418(,a)C 1.218 -.15(ny c) --3.418 H .918(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .917 -(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.417(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.417 E --.25(va)184 228 S .66(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .66(rted with) -.15 F F1(!)3.16 E F0 5.661(.I)C 3.161(fac)-5.661 G .661 -(ompound command other than a subshell returns a)-3.161 F 1.113 +H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1<ad65>144 156 Q F0 .088 +(Exit immediately if a)184 156 R F2(pipeline)2.588 E F0 .087 +(\(which may consist of a single)2.588 F F2 .087(simple command)2.587 F +F0 .087(\), a)B F2(list)2.587 E F0 2.587(,o)C(r)-2.587 E(a)184 168 Q F2 +1.52(compound command)4.02 F F0(\(see)4.021 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.521 +(SHELL GRAMMAR)4.021 F F0(abo)3.771 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.521(\), e).15 F +1.521(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 F .08(The shell does not e)184 +180 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F .079 +(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 192 Q +1.654(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F1(until)4.154 E F0 +-.1(ke)4.154 G(yw)-.05 E 1.655(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F 1.655 +(wing the)-.25 F F1(if)4.155 E F0(or)4.155 E F1(elif)4.155 E F0(reserv) +4.155 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 204 S .582(rds, part of an).1 F 3.082(yc) +-.15 G .582(ommand e)-3.082 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F1 +(&&)3.081 E F0(or)3.081 E F1(||)3.081 E F0 .581(list e)3.081 F .581 +(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .917(the \214nal)184 216 R +F1(&&)3.417 E F0(or)3.417 E F1(||)3.417 E F0 3.417(,a)C 1.217 -.15(ny c) +-3.417 H .918(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .918 +(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.418(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.418 E +-.25(va)184 228 S .661(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .661 +(rted with).15 F F1(!)3.161 E F0 5.661(.I)C 3.161(fac)-5.661 G .66 +(ompound command other than a subshell returns a)-3.161 F 1.112 (non-zero status because a command f)184 240 R 1.112(ailed while)-.1 F -F1<ad65>3.612 E F0 -.1(wa)3.612 G 3.612(sb).1 G 1.112 -(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .177(not e)184 252 R 2.677 -(xit. 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This) +-.1 F 1.466(also af)3.966 F 1.466(fects the editing)-.25 F(interf)224 396 Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1 (xtrace)184 408 Q F0(Same as)224 408 Q F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 426 Q -F1<ad6f>3.052 E F0 .552(is supplied with no)3.052 F F3(option\255name) -3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .553 -(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.553 E F1(+o)184 -438 Q F0 1.072(is supplied with no)3.572 F F3(option\255name)3.572 E F0 -3.572(,a)C 1.071(series of)-.001 F F1(set)3.571 E F0 1.071 -(commands to recreate the current)3.571 F +F1<ad6f>3.053 E F0 .553(is supplied with no)3.053 F F3(option\255name) +3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .552 +(alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.552 E F1(+o)184 +438 Q F0 1.071(is supplied with no)3.571 F F3(option\255name)3.571 E F0 +3.571(,as)C 1.071(eries of)-3.571 F F1(set)3.572 E F0 1.072 +(commands to recreate the current)3.572 F (option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 450 Q F1<ad70> -144 462 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 462 S 1.071(rn on).45 F F3(privile)4.821 E -.1 -(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.341 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F -F4($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F4($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)-.27 E F0 1.072 -(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.501 -(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 474 R 1.5 -(vironment, and the)-.4 F F4(SHELLOPTS)4 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F4 --.27(BA)184 486 S(SHOPTS).27 E F5(,)A F4(CDP)2.774 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H) -.855 E F5(,)A F0(and)2.774 E F4(GLOBIGNORE)3.024 E F0 -.25(va)2.774 G -.524(riables, if the).25 F 3.025(ya)-.15 G .525(ppear in the en)-3.025 F -(vironment,)-.4 E .38(are ignored.)184 498 R .38 -(If the shell is started with the ef)5.38 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15(ve u) --.25 H .379(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .461 +144 462 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 462 S 1.072(rn on).45 F F3(privile)4.822 E -.1 +(ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.342 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F +F4($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F4($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)-.27 E F0 1.071 +(\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.5 +(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 474 R 1.501 +(vironment, and the)-.4 F F4(SHELLOPTS)4.001 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A +F4 -.27(BA)184 486 S(SHOPTS).27 E F5(,)A F4(CDP)2.775 E -.855(AT)-.666 G +(H).855 E F5(,)A F0(and)2.775 E F4(GLOBIGNORE)3.025 E F0 -.25(va)2.775 G +.524(riables, if the).25 F 3.024(ya)-.15 G .524(ppear in the en)-3.024 F +(vironment,)-.4 E .379(are ignored.)184 498 R .379 +(If the shell is started with the ef)5.379 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15 +(ve u)-.25 H .38(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .462 (user \(group\) id, and the)184 510 R F1<ad70>2.961 E F0 .461 -(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .462 -(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 522 Q .695 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .395 +(option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .461 +(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 522 Q .694 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .394 (ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F .395(If the)5.395 F F1<ad70> -2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25 -E -.15(ve)-.25 G .386(user id is not reset.)184 534 R -.45(Tu)5.386 G -.386(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .387(auses the ef)-2.886 -F(fecti)-.25 E .687 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .387(ser and group ids to be).15 F +2.895 E F0 .395(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25 +E -.15(ve)-.25 G .387(user id is not reset.)184 534 R -.45(Tu)5.387 G +.387(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .386(auses the ef)-2.886 +F(fecti)-.25 E .686 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .386(ser and group ids to be).15 F (set to the real user and group ids.)184 546 Q F1<ad74>144 558 Q F0 (Exit after reading and e)184 558 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting one command.) -.15 E F1<ad75>144 570 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 570 S .044(eat unset v).35 F .044 +.15 E F1<ad75>144 570 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 570 S .043(eat unset v).35 F .044 (ariables and parameters other than the special parameters "@" and "*" \ -as an)-.25 F .182(error when performing parameter e)184 582 R 2.682 -(xpansion. If)-.15 F -.15(ex)2.682 G .183 +as an)-.25 F .183(error when performing parameter e)184 582 R 2.683 +(xpansion. If)-.15 F -.15(ex)2.683 G .182 (pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F(ari-)-.25 E .746 (able or parameter)184 594 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 (he shell prints an error message, and, if not interacti)-3.246 F -.15 @@ -8287,19 +8288,19 @@ as an)-.25 F .182(error when performing parameter e)184 582 R 2.682 (ya)-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E F1<ad78>144 630 Q F0 .315(After e)184 630 R .315(xpanding each)-.15 F F3 .315(simple command)2.815 F F0(,)A F1 -.25 (fo)2.815 G(r).25 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E F0(command,) -2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.236(or arithmetic)184 +2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.235(or arithmetic)184 642 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of)-.25 F F4(PS4)3.736 E F5(,)A F0 (follo)3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 654 Q (xpanded ar)-.15 E(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E F1 -<ad42>144 666 Q F0 2.578(The shell performs brace e)184 666 R 2.578 +<ad42>144 666 Q F0 2.579(The shell performs brace e)184 666 R 2.578 (xpansion \(see)-.15 F F1 2.578(Brace Expansion)5.078 F F0(abo)5.078 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 5.079(\). This).15 F 2.579(is on by)5.079 F(def)184 678 Q -(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad43>144 690 Q F0 .214(If set,)184 690 R F1(bash)2.714 E -F0 .214(does not o)2.714 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214 +-.15(ve)-.15 G 5.078(\). This).15 F 2.578(is on by)5.078 F(def)184 678 Q +(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad43>144 690 Q F0 .213(If set,)184 690 R F1(bash)2.713 E +F0 .213(does not o)2.713 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214 (xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0 -2.713(,a)C(nd)-2.713 E F1(<>)2.713 E F0 .213(redirection opera-)2.713 F -3.053(tors. This)184 702 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 +2.714(,a)C(nd)-2.714 E F1(<>)2.714 E F0 .214(redirection opera-)2.714 F +3.054(tors. This)184 702 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 (rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-) .15 F(tor)184 714 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A (GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(68)197.335 E 0 Cg EP @@ -8309,22 +8310,22 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF<ad45>144 84 Q F0 .104(If set, an)184 84 R 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104 -(rap on)-2.604 F F1(ERR)2.604 E F0 .103 -(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.604 -F .838(mands e)184 96 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .838(cuted in a subshell en).15 F -3.338(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .839 -(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 108 Q F1 -<ad48>144 120 Q F0(Enable)184 120 Q F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532 -(style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532 -F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 132 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 144 Q F0 .959 +SF<ad45>144 84 Q F0 .103(If set, an)184 84 R 2.603(yt)-.15 G .103 +(rap on)-2.603 F F1(ERR)2.603 E F0 .104 +(is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.603 +F .839(mands e)184 96 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .839(cuted in a subshell en).15 F +3.339(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .838 +(trap is normally not inherited in)3.338 F(such cases.)184 108 Q F1 +<ad48>144 120 Q F0(Enable)184 120 Q F1(!)3.031 E F0 .531 +(style history substitution.)5.531 F .531(This option is on by def)5.531 +F .532(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 132 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 144 Q F0 .96 (If set, the shell does not resolv)184 144 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959 -(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .96 -(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.46 E F0 2.822 +(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .959 +(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.459 E F0 2.821 (that change the current w)184 156 R 2.822(orking directory)-.1 F 7.822 -(.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.821 -(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.685(instead. By)184 168 R(def)2.685 +(.I)-.65 G 5.322(tu)-7.822 G 2.822(ses the ph)-5.322 F 2.822 +(ysical directory structure)-.05 F 2.686(instead. By)184 168 R(def)2.686 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)2.686 E F0(follo)2.686 E .186 (ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F (mands which change the current directory)184 180 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144 @@ -8335,54 +8336,54 @@ E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)2.686 E F0(follo)2.686 E .186 (cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E (UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 216 Q F0 (traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 228 Q -F0 .401(If no ar)184 228 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G -.401(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F -(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 240 Q/F2 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni) -.15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E -F0(.)A F1<ad>144 252 Q F0 1.944 +F0 .4(If no ar)184 228 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401 +(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F +(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 240 Q +/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 +(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad> +2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad>144 252 Q F0 1.945 (Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)184 252 R F2(ar)4.444 E -(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.445(ea)-4.444 G 1.945 -(ssigned to the positional)-4.445 F 3.446(parameters. The)184 264 R F1 -<ad78>3.446 E F0(and)3.446 E F1<ad76>3.446 E F0 .945 -(options are turned of)3.446 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .945(there are no) -3.445 F F2(ar)3.445 E(g)-.37 E F0 .945(s, the positional)B +(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.444(ea)-4.444 G 1.944 +(ssigned to the positional)-4.444 F 3.445(parameters. The)184 264 R F1 +<ad78>3.445 E F0(and)3.445 E F1<ad76>3.445 E F0 .945 +(options are turned of)3.445 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .946(there are no) +3.445 F F2(ar)3.446 E(g)-.37 E F0 .946(s, the positional)B (parameters remain unchanged.)184 276 Q .425(The options are of)144 292.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 (ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425 -(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178 -(to be turned of)144 304.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178 +(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .177 +(to be turned of)144 304.8 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178 (options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in) --.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066 +-.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .178(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.178 E .066 (current set of options may be found in)144 316.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066 -(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F +(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .066(lid option).25 F (is encountered.)144 328.8 Q F1(shift)108 345.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 357.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0 -.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G -.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 369.6 Q F1($#)2.582 -E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082 -(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to) -.15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06 +(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 357.6 R F2(n)2.928 E F0 +.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G +.429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 369.6 Q F1($#)2.583 +E F0(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.583 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .083 +(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.443 E F0 .083(must be a non-ne)2.823 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E .382 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .082(umber less than or equal to) +.15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f)-5.082 E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06 (is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 381.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F (If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56 -(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 393.6 R -.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0 -.144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0 +(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 393.6 R +.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0 +.143(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0 (or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 405.6 Q F1(shopt)108 422.4 Q F0([) 2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname) --2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 434.4 S .64(ggle the v).8 F .639 +-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 434.4 S .639(ggle the v).8 F .639 (alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E -5.639(.T)-.55 G .639(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .374 -(listed belo)144 446.4 R 1.674 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.174 -.4(r, i).65 H -2.874(ft).4 G(he)-2.874 E F1<ad6f>2.874 E F0 .375 +5.639(.T)-.55 G .64(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .375 +(listed belo)144 446.4 R 1.675 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.175 -.4(r, i).65 H +2.875(ft).4 G(he)-2.875 E F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375 (option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25 -F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.875 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.875 G .375(iltin com-).2 F 3.326(mand. W)144 458.4 R .826 -(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F1<ad70>3.326 E F0 .825 -(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an)3.326 F +F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .374(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.874 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.874 G .374(iltin com-).2 F 3.325(mand. W)144 458.4 R .825 +(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F1<ad70>3.325 E F0 .826 +(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an)3.325 F .945(indication of whether or not each is set.)144 470.4 R(The)5.945 E F1<ad70>3.445 E F0 .945(option causes output to be displayed in a form) 3.445 F(that may be reused as input.)144 482.4 Q(Other options ha)5 E .3 @@ -8390,34 +8391,34 @@ F1<ad70>3.445 E F0 .945(option causes output to be displayed in a form) F0(Enable \(set\) each)180 494.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 506.4 Q F0(Disable \(unset\) each)180 506.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 <ad71>144 518.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the \ -return status indicates whether the)180 518.4 R F2(optname)2.503 E F0 -(is)2.503 E .255(set or unset.)180 530.4 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F2 -(optname)2.755 E F0(ar)2.755 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256 -(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F(all)180 542.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E +return status indicates whether the)180 518.4 R F2(optname)2.504 E F0 +(is)2.504 E .256(set or unset.)180 530.4 R .256(If multiple)5.256 F F2 +(optname)2.756 E F0(ar)2.756 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.756(nw).15 G(ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255 +(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F(all)180 542.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 554.4 Q F0 (Restricts the v)180 554.4 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0 (to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 -E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625(If either)144 571.2 R F1 -<ad73>3.125 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 .624(is used with no) +E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .624(If either)144 571.2 R F1 +<ad73>3.124 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 .624(is used with no) 3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,)-.18 E F1(shopt)3.124 -E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.233 +E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.234 (set or unset, respecti)144 583.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 7.234(.U) -.65 G 2.234(nless otherwise noted, the)-7.234 F F1(shopt)4.734 E F0 2.234(options are disabled \(unset\) by)4.734 F(def)144 595.2 Q(ault.) -.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 -612 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.) -4.044 F .696 +612 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.) +4.045 F .696 (When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an) -144 624 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696(alid shell) +144 624 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695(alid shell) -.25 F(option.)144 636 Q(The list of)144 652.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 670.8 Q F0 .2 +(options is:)2.5 E F1(autocd)144 670.8 Q F0 .199 (If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 670.8 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E +-.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E (ment to the)184 682.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F (option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F1(cdable_v)144 694.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 706.8 R .155 -(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156 +F1(cdable_v)144 694.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 706.8 R .156 +(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155 (iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F (name of a v)184 718.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E (alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q @@ -8430,106 +8431,105 @@ BP (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(cdspell)144 84 Q F0 1.055 (If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)184 -84 R F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987 -(corrected. The)184 96 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487 -(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a) --.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .77(one character too man)184 108 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) +84 R F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988 +(corrected. The)184 96 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487 +(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a) +-.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .77(one character too man)184 108 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) -.15 H 3.27(fac).65 G .77 (orrection is found, the corrected \214lename is printed, and)-3.27 F (the command proceeds.)184 120 Q(This option is only used by interacti)5 -E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(checkhash)144 132 Q F0 .736 -(If set,)184 144 R F1(bash)3.236 E F0 .736 -(checks that a command found in the hash table e)3.236 F .737 +E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(checkhash)144 132 Q F0 .737 +(If set,)184 144 R F1(bash)3.237 E F0 .736 +(checks that a command found in the hash table e)3.237 F .736 (xists before trying to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cute it.)184 156 Q(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E (xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 168 Q -F0 .449(If set,)184 180 R F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449 -(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448 -(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 192 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G -.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.438 F .938 -(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .939(xit is)-.15 F 2.203 +F0 .448(If set,)184 180 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448 +(lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449 +(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 192 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G +.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938 +(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F 2.203 (attempted without an interv)184 204 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15 F /F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.203(JOB CONTR)4.703 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)4.453 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.703 E(al)184 216 Q -.1(wa)-.1 +-.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.704 E(al)184 216 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G -(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 228 Q F0 .796(If set,)184 -240 R F1(bash)3.296 E F0 .796(checks the windo)3.296 F 3.296(ws)-.25 G -.797(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.296 F 3.297(,u)-.65 G -.797(pdates the)-3.297 F -.25(va)184 252 S(lues of).25 E F2(LINES)2.5 E +(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 228 Q F0 .797(If set,)184 +240 R F1(bash)3.297 E F0 .797(checks the windo)3.297 F 3.297(ws)-.25 G +.796(ize after each command and, if necessary)-3.297 F 3.296(,u)-.65 G +.796(pdates the)-3.296 F -.25(va)184 252 S(lues of).25 E F2(LINES)2.5 E F0(and)2.25 E F2(COLUMNS)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(cmdhist)144 264 Q F0 1.202(If set,)184 264 R F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202 (attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202 (ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184 276 Q 5(.T)-.65 G(his allo)-5 E (ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 E F1(compat31)144 288 Q -F0 .419(If set,)184 300 R F1(bash)2.919 E F0 .419(changes its beha)2.919 -F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .42(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar) --.15 F(guments)-.18 E .462(to the)184 312 R F1([[)2.962 E F0 .462 +F0 .42(If set,)184 300 R F1(bash)2.92 E F0 .42(changes its beha)2.92 F +.419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .419(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar) +-.15 F(guments)-.18 E .461(to the)184 312 R F1([[)2.961 E F0 .462 (conditional command')2.962 F(s)-.55 E F1(=~)2.962 E F0 .462 (operator and locale-speci\214c string comparison when)2.962 F .71 (using the)184 324 R F1([[)3.21 E F0 .71(conditional command')3.21 F(s) -.55 E F1(<)3.21 E F0(and)3.21 E F1(>)3.21 E F0 3.21(operators. Bash) -3.21 F -.15(ve)3.21 G .71(rsions prior to bash-4.1).15 F .821 +3.21 F -.15(ve)3.21 G .71(rsions prior to bash-4.1).15 F .82 (use ASCII collation and)184 336 R/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(str)3.321 E (cmp)-.37 E F0 .821(\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale') -.19 F 3.32(sc)-.55 G(ollation)-3.32 E(sequence and)184 348 Q F4(str)2.5 -E(coll)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat32)144 360 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 -372 R F1(bash)3.909 E F0 1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409 -(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.41 -(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .423 +.19 F 3.321(sc)-.55 G(ollation)-3.321 E(sequence and)184 348 Q F4(str) +2.5 E(coll)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat32)144 360 Q F0 1.41(If set,) +184 372 R F1(bash)3.91 E F0 1.41(changes its beha)3.91 F 1.409 +(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.409 +(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .422 (string comparison when using the)184 384 R F1([[)2.922 E F0 .422 (conditional command')2.922 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)2.922 E F0(and)2.922 E F1(>) -2.922 E F0 .422(operators \(see pre-)2.922 F .48 +2.923 E F0 .423(operators \(see pre-)2.923 F .481 (vious item\) and the ef)184 396 R .481 -(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .481(Bash v)5.481 F .481 +(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .48(Bash v)5.481 F .48 (ersions 3.2 and earlier)-.15 F(continue with the ne)184 408 Q (xt command in the list after one terminates due to an interrupt.)-.15 E -F1(compat40)144 420 Q F0 1.41(If set,)184 432 R F1(bash)3.91 E F0 1.41 -(changes its beha)3.91 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.409 -(ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 2.007 -(string comparison when using the)184 444 R F1([[)4.507 E F0 2.008 -(conditional command')4.507 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)4.508 E F0(and)4.508 E F1(>) -4.508 E F0 2.008(operators \(see)4.508 F .77(description of)184 456 R F1 -(compat31)3.27 E F0 3.269(\)a)C .769(nd the ef)-3.269 F .769 -(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .769(Bash v)5.769 F -(ersions)-.15 E .086 -(4.0 and later interrupt the list as if the shell recei)184 468 R -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.587(dt).15 G .087(he interrupt; pre)-2.587 F .087(vious v) --.25 F .087(ersions con-)-.15 F(tinue with the ne)184 480 Q -(xt command in the list.)-.15 E F1(compat41)144 492 Q F0 1.484(If set,) -184 504 R F1(bash)3.984 E F0 3.984(,w)C 1.484(hen in)-3.984 F F4(posix) -3.984 E F0 1.483 -(mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted parameter)3.984 F -.15 -(ex)184 516 S .958(pansion as a special character).15 F 5.958(.T)-.55 G -.959(he single quotes must match \(an e)-5.958 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.459 -(nn).15 G .959(umber\) and)-3.459 F .59 +F1(compat40)144 420 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 432 R F1(bash)3.909 E F0 +1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.41 +(ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 2.008 +(string comparison when using the)184 444 R F1([[)4.508 E F0 2.007 +(conditional command')4.508 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)4.507 E F0(and)4.507 E F1(>) +4.507 E F0 2.007(operators \(see)4.507 F .769(description of)184 456 R +F1(compat31)3.269 E F0 3.269(\)a)C .769(nd the ef)-3.269 F .769 +(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .77(Bash v)5.77 F(ersions) +-.15 E .087(4.0 and later interrupt the list as if the shell recei)184 +468 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.586(dt).15 G .086(he interrupt; pre)-2.586 F .086 +(vious v)-.25 F .086(ersions con-)-.15 F(tinue with the ne)184 480 Q +(xt command in the list.)-.15 E F1(compat41)144 492 Q F0 1.483(If set,) +184 504 R F1(bash)3.983 E F0 3.983(,w)C 1.483(hen in)-3.983 F F4(posix) +3.983 E F0 1.484 +(mode, treats a single quote in a double-quoted parameter)3.983 F -.15 +(ex)184 516 S .959(pansion as a special character).15 F 5.959(.T)-.55 G +.958(he single quotes must match \(an e)-5.959 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.458 +(nn).15 G .958(umber\) and)-3.458 F .59 (the characters between the single quotes are considered quoted.)184 528 -R .59(This is the beha)5.59 F .59(vior of)-.2 F .589 +R .59(This is the beha)5.59 F .59(vior of)-.2 F .59 (posix mode through v)184 540 R .589(ersion 4.1.)-.15 F .589(The def) -5.589 F .589(ault bash beha)-.1 F .589(vior remains as in pre)-.2 F .59 +5.589 F .589(ault bash beha)-.1 F .589(vior remains as in pre)-.2 F .589 (vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions.)184 552 Q F1(compat42)144 564 Q -F0 1.797(If set,)184 576 R F1(bash)4.297 E F0 1.796 +F0 1.796(If set,)184 576 R F1(bash)4.296 E F0 1.796 (does not process the replacement string in the pattern substitution w) 4.296 F(ord)-.1 E -.15(ex)184 588 S(pansion using quote remo).15 E -.25 -(va)-.15 G(l.).25 E F1(compat43)144 600 Q F0 .14(If set,)184 612 R F1 -(bash)2.64 E F0 .14(does not print a w)2.64 F .141 -(arning message if an attempt is made to use a quoted com-)-.1 F .913 -(pound array assignment as an ar)184 624 R .913(gument to)-.18 F F1 -(declar)3.412 E(e)-.18 E F0 3.412(,m)C(ak)-3.412 E .912(es w)-.1 F .912 -(ord e)-.1 F .912(xpansion errors non-)-.15 F -.1(fa)184 636 S .352 +(va)-.15 G(l.).25 E F1(compat43)144 600 Q F0 .141(If set,)184 612 R F1 +(bash)2.641 E F0 .141(does not print a w)2.641 F .14 +(arning message if an attempt is made to use a quoted com-)-.1 F .912 +(pound array assignment as an ar)184 624 R .912(gument to)-.18 F F1 +(declar)3.413 E(e)-.18 E F0 3.413(,m)C(ak)-3.413 E .913(es w)-.1 F .913 +(ord e)-.1 F .913(xpansion errors non-)-.15 F -.1(fa)184 636 S .353 (tal errors that cause the current command to f).1 F .353(ail \(the def) --.1 F .353(ault beha)-.1 F .353(vior is to mak)-.2 F 2.853(et)-.1 G(hem) --2.853 E -.1(fa)184 648 S 1.058(tal errors that cause the shell to e).1 -F 1.057(xit\), and does not reset the loop state when a shell)-.15 F -.374(function is e)184 660 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .374(cuted \(this allo).15 F -(ws)-.25 E F1(br)2.874 E(eak)-.18 E F0(or)2.875 E F1(continue)2.875 E F0 -.375(in a shell function to af)2.875 F .375(fect loops in)-.25 F +-.1 F .352(ault beha)-.1 F .352(vior is to mak)-.2 F 2.852(et)-.1 G(hem) +-2.852 E -.1(fa)184 648 S 1.057(tal errors that cause the shell to e).1 +F 1.058(xit\), and does not reset the loop state when a shell)-.15 F +.375(function is e)184 660 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .375(cuted \(this allo).15 F +(ws)-.25 E F1(br)2.875 E(eak)-.18 E F0(or)2.875 E F1(continue)2.875 E F0 +.374(in a shell function to af)2.875 F .374(fect loops in)-.25 F (the caller')184 672 Q 2.5(sc)-.55 G(onte)-2.5 E(xt\).)-.15 E F1 -(complete_fullquote)144 684 Q F0 .654(If set,)184 696 R F1(bash)3.153 E +(complete_fullquote)144 684 Q F0 .653(If set,)184 696 R F1(bash)3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metacharacters in \214lenames and directory na\ -mes when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.524(forming completion.)184 708 R 1.524 -(If not set,)6.524 F F1(bash)4.024 E F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 G +mes when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.525(forming completion.)184 708 R 1.524 +(If not set,)6.525 F F1(bash)4.024 E F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.024(sm).15 G 1.524(etacharacters such as the dollar sign)-4.024 F 2.667(from the set of characters that will be quoted in completed \214l\ enames when these)184 720 R(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E @@ -8539,65 +8539,65 @@ enames when these)184 720 R(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .028 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .029 (metacharacters appear in shell v)184 84 R .028(ariable references in w) --.25 F .029(ords to be completed.)-.1 F .029(This means)5.029 F 1.073 +-.25 F .028(ords to be completed.)-.1 F .028(This means)5.028 F 1.072 (that dollar signs in v)184 96 R 1.073(ariable names that e)-.25 F 1.073 (xpand to directories will not be quoted; ho)-.15 F(w-)-.25 E -2.15 -.25 -(ev e)184 108 T 1.922 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.422 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123 +(ev e)184 108 T 1.923 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.423 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123 (ollar signs appearing in \214lenames will not be quoted, either).15 F -6.123(.T)-.55 G 1.123(his is acti)-6.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .59 +6.123(.T)-.55 G 1.122(his is acti)-6.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .59 (only when bash is using backslashes to quote completed \214lenames.)184 120 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 132 Q (ault, which is the def)-.1 E(ault bash beha)-.1 E(vior in v)-.2 E (ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dir)144 144 Q(expand) --.18 E F0 .486(If set,)184 156 R F1(bash)2.986 E F0 .486 +-.18 E F0 .487(If set,)184 156 R F1(bash)2.987 E F0 .486 (replaces directory names with the results of w)2.986 F .486(ord e)-.1 F -.487(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .18(ing \214lename completion.)184 -168 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.18 F -(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.179(.I)-.55 G 2.679(fn)-5.179 G(ot)-2.679 E(set,) -184 180 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G -(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 192 Q F0 .858(If set,)184 -192 R F1(bash)3.358 E F0 .858 -(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.358 F .859 +.486(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .179(ing \214lename completion.)184 +168 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.179 F +(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.18(.I)-.55 G 2.68(fn)-5.18 G(ot)-2.68 E(set,)184 +180 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G +(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 192 Q F0 .859(If set,)184 +192 R F1(bash)3.359 E F0 .858 +(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.359 F .858 (ord completion if)-.1 F (the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 204 Q(xist.)-.15 E F1(dotglob)144 216 Q F0(If set,)184 216 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 (includes \214lenames be)2.5 E(ginning with a `.)-.15 E 2.5('i)-.7 G 2.5 (nt)-2.5 G(he results of pathname e)-2.5 E(xpansion.)-.15 E F1(execfail) -144 228 Q F0 1.387(If set, a non-interacti)184 228 R 1.687 -.15(ve s) +144 228 Q F0 1.386(If set, a non-interacti)184 228 R 1.686 -.15(ve s) -.25 H 1.386(hell will not e).15 F 1.386(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.386(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 240 Q +(xe)-.15 G 1.387(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 240 Q (gument to the)-.18 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E (An interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 252 Q F0 -.716(If set, aliases are e)184 264 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 +.717(If set, aliases are e)184 264 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)3.217 E -/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .717(This option is enabled)5.217 F +/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .716(This option is enabled)5.217 F (by def)184 276 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F1(extdeb)144 288 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 .672(If set at shell in)184 300 R --.2(vo)-.4 G .672(cation, arrange to e).2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .671 -(cute the deb).15 F .671(ugger pro\214le before the shell starts,)-.2 F -.22(identical to the)184 312 R F1<adad646562>2.72 E(ugger)-.2 E F0 2.721 -(option. If)2.721 F .221(set after in)2.721 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .221 -(cation, beha).2 F .221(vior intended for use by)-.2 F(deb)184 324 Q -(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 336 Q F0(The)220 336 Q F1<ad46>4.251 -E F0 1.751(option to the)4.251 F F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu) +.15 E F1(extdeb)144 288 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 .671(If set at shell in)184 300 R +-.2(vo)-.4 G .671(cation, arrange to e).2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .671 +(cute the deb).15 F .672(ugger pro\214le before the shell starts,)-.2 F +.221(identical to the)184 312 R F1<adad646562>2.721 E(ugger)-.2 E F0 +2.721(option. If)2.721 F .221(set after in)2.721 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .221 +(cation, beha).2 F .22(vior intended for use by)-.2 F(deb)184 324 Q +(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 336 Q F0(The)220 336 Q F1<ad46>4.25 +E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu) 4.251 G 1.751(iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F (number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 348 Q (gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 360 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)220 360 R F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167 F 1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 372 -Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 384 Q F0 .841 -(If the command run by the)220 384 R F1(DEB)3.341 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841 -(trap returns a v)3.341 F .84(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15 +Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 384 Q F0 .84 +(If the command run by the)220 384 R F1(DEB)3.34 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841 +(trap returns a v)3.341 F .841(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15 (exe)220 396 S .488 (cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1 (sour)220 408 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltins\), the shell simulates a call to).2 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E (n)-.15 E F0(.)A F1(4.)184 420 Q F2 -.27(BA)220 420 S(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 -(and)3.154 E F2 -.27(BA)3.404 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904 +(and)3.153 E F2 -.27(BA)3.403 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904 (are updated as described in their descriptions)3.154 F(abo)220 432 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 444 Q F0 1.637(Function tracing is ena\ bled: command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)220 444 R @@ -8617,37 +8617,37 @@ E F0(")A F4(string)A F0 4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within) -4.973 F F1(${)4.973 E F4(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)4.973 G (pansions).15 E(enclosed in double quotes.)184 540 Q (This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 552 Q F0 -1.424(If set, patterns which f)184 552 R 1.425 -(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.425 +1.425(If set, patterns which f)184 552 R 1.425 +(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.424 (xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 564 S(pansion error).15 E(.) -.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 576 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.937(If set, the suf)184 588 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) +.936(If set, the suf)184 588 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) -.15 F F2(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936(ariable cause w) --.25 F .936(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 600 R .32 +-.25 F .937(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 600 R .32 (ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32 -(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.948 -(pletions. See)184 612 R F2 .448(SHELL V)2.948 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 -(abo)2.698 E .748 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .448(or a description of).15 F F2 -(FIGNORE)2.947 E F3(.)A F0 .447(This option is)4.947 F(enabled by def) -184 624 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 636 Q F0 2.518 +(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.947 +(pletions. See)184 612 R F2 .447(SHELL V)2.947 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 +(abo)2.697 E .747 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .448(or a description of).15 F F2 +(FIGNORE)2.948 E F3(.)A F0 .448(This option is)4.948 F(enabled by def) +184 624 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 636 Q F0 2.519 (If set, range e)184 648 R 2.519 -(xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.519(et e)-.1 F 2.519 -(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F2 -.09(Pa)5.019 G(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E -(Matching)184 660 Q F0(abo)2.965 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.215(\)b).15 G(eha) --3.215 E 1.015 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.214(si).15 G 3.214(fi)-3.214 G 3.214 +(xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.518(et e)-.1 F 2.518 +(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F2 -.09(Pa)5.018 G(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E +(Matching)184 660 Q F0(abo)2.964 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.214(\)b).15 G(eha) +-3.214 E 1.014 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.214(si).15 G 3.214(fi)-3.214 G 3.214 (nt)-3.214 G .714(he traditional C locale when performing comparisons.) -3.214 F 1.02(That is, the current locale')184 672 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G 1.02 (ollating sequence is not tak)-3.52 F 1.02(en into account, so)-.1 F F1 -(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .957(collate between)184 684 R F1(A) -3.457 E F0(and)3.457 E F1(B)3.457 E F0 3.457(,a)C .957(nd upper)-3.457 F -.957(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .956 +(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .956(collate between)184 684 R F1(A) +3.456 E F0(and)3.456 E F1(B)3.456 E F0 3.457(,a)C .957(nd upper)-3.457 F +.957(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .957 (-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 696 Q(.)-.55 E -F1(globstar)144 708 Q F0 .518(If set, the pattern)184 708 R F1(**)3.018 -E F0 .519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .519 -(xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .432 +F1(globstar)144 708 Q F0 .519(If set, the pattern)184 708 R F1(**)3.019 +E F0 .519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .518 +(xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .431 (or more directories and subdirectories.)184 720 R .431 -(If the pattern is follo)5.432 F .431(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.931 E F0 -2.931(,o)C .431(nly directories)-2.931 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q +(If the pattern is follo)5.431 F .432(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.932 E F0 +2.932(,o)C .432(nly directories)-2.932 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q (2016 May 29)148.175 E(71)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 72 72 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -8659,32 +8659,32 @@ BP 96 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are written in the standard GNU er\ ror message format.)184 108 Q F1(histappend)144 120 Q F0 .676 (If set, the history list is appended to the \214le named by the v)184 -132 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTFILE)3.177 E F0 --.25(va)2.927 G(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 144 Q +132 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 +-.25(va)2.926 G(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 144 Q (xits, rather than o)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1 -(histr)144 156 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 .576(If set, and)184 168 R F1 -.18(re) -3.076 G(adline).18 E F0 .575(is being used, a user is gi)3.076 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .575(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F -.575(ailed his-)-.1 F(tory substitution.)184 180 Q F1(histv)144 192 Q -(erify)-.1 E F0 .402(If set, and)184 204 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 +(histr)144 156 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 .575(If set, and)184 168 R F1 -.18(re) +3.075 G(adline).18 E F0 .575(is being used, a user is gi)3.075 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .576(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F +.576(ailed his-)-.1 F(tory substitution.)184 180 Q F1(histv)144 192 Q +(erify)-.1 E F0 .403(If set, and)184 204 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 (is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately) -2.903 F .662(passed to the shell parser)184 216 R 5.662(.I)-.55 G .661 -(nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.662 F F1 -.18(re)3.161 -G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.161 E -.2(bu)184 228 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E +2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 216 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 +(nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.661 F F1 -.18(re)3.162 +G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 228 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E 2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E F1 -(hostcomplete)144 240 Q F0 1.181(If set, and)184 252 R F1 -.18(re)3.681 -G(adline).18 E F0 1.181(is being used,)3.681 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.182 -(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.682 F 1.381(when a w)184 -264 R 1.381(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 -(is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.88 E F0(under)3.88 E -F2(READLINE)3.88 E F0(abo)184 276 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F +(hostcomplete)144 240 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 252 R F1 -.18(re)3.682 +G(adline).18 E F0 1.182(is being used,)3.682 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.181 +(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.681 F 1.38(when a w)184 +264 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 +(is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.881 E F0(under)3.881 E +F2(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 276 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F (is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 288 Q F0(If set,) 184 300 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F2(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 (to all jobs when an interacti)2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H(ogin shell e) -.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(inherit_err)144 312 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 .219 +.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(inherit_err)144 312 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 .22 (If set, command substitution inherits the v)184 324 R .219(alue of the) --.25 F F1(err)2.719 E(exit)-.18 E F0 .22(option, instead of unsetting) +-.25 F F1(err)2.719 E(exit)-.18 E F0 .219(option, instead of unsetting) 2.719 F(it in the subshell en)184 336 Q 2.5(vironment. This)-.4 F (option is enabled when)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix mode)2.5 E F0(is enabled.)2.5 E F1(interacti)144 348 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E @@ -8693,52 +8693,52 @@ F0 .33(If set, allo)184 360 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33 (ord and all remaining characters on)-.1 F .967 (that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 372 R 1.267 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .967(hell \(see).15 F F2(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 E -.15(ve)-.15 -G 3.467(\). This).15 F .968(option is)3.468 F(enabled by def)184 384 Q +G 3.467(\). This).15 F .967(option is)3.467 F(enabled by def)184 384 Q (ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 396 Q F0 .066 (If set, and job control is not acti)184 396 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566(,t) .15 G .066(he shell runs the last command of a pipeline not e)-2.566 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cuted in the background in the current shell en) -184 408 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F1(lithist)144 420 Q F0 .654(If set, and the) -184 420 R F1(cmdhist)3.154 E F0 .654 +184 408 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F1(lithist)144 420 Q F0 .655(If set, and the) +184 420 R F1(cmdhist)3.155 E F0 .654 (option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa)3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G -3.155(dt).15 G 3.155(ot)-3.155 G .655(he history)-3.155 F +3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history)-3.154 F (with embedded ne)184 432 Q (wlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.)-.25 E F1 (login_shell)144 444 Q F0 .486 (The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184 -456 R F2(INV)2.986 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.736 E -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.986(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 468 S(lue may not be changed.).25 -E F1(mailwar)144 480 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .814(If set, and a \214le that)184 -492 R F1(bash)3.314 E F0 .815 -(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.314 F +456 R F2(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 468 S(lue may not be changed.).25 +E F1(mailwar)144 480 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815(If set, and a \214le that)184 +492 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 +(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.315 F -.1(wa)184 504 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E (`The mail in)-.74 E F3(mail\214le)2.5 E F0(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i) -.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 516 -Q F0 .325(If set, and)184 528 R F1 -.18(re)2.825 G(adline).18 E F0 .325 -(is being used,)2.825 F F1(bash)2.824 E F0 .324 -(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F2 -.666(PA)2.824 G(TH)-.189 E -F0 .324(for possible)2.574 F +Q F0 .324(If set, and)184 528 R F1 -.18(re)2.824 G(adline).18 E F0 .324 +(is being used,)2.824 F F1(bash)2.824 E F0 .324 +(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F2 -.666(PA)2.825 G(TH)-.189 E +F0 .325(for possible)2.575 F (completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 540 Q F1 -(nocaseglob)144 552 Q F0 .436(If set,)184 564 R F1(bash)2.936 E F0 .436 -(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.936 F .737 -.15(ve f)-.25 -H .437(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 576 S +(nocaseglob)144 552 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 564 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 .436 +(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.937 F .736 -.15(ve f)-.25 +H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 576 S (pansion \(see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion).1 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 588 Q F0 1.194(If set,)184 -600 R F1(bash)3.694 E F0 1.194(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti) -3.694 F 1.493 -.15(ve f)-.25 H 1.193(ashion when performing matching).05 +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 588 Q F0 1.193(If set,)184 +600 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti) +3.693 F 1.494 -.15(ve f)-.25 H 1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 F .551(while e)184 612 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)3.051 E F0 (or)3.051 E F1([[)3.051 E F0 .551 (conditional commands, when performing pattern substitution)3.051 F -.1 -(wo)184 624 S .623(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering possib\ +(wo)184 624 S .622(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering possib\ le completions as part of programmable com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 636 Q F1 -(nullglob)144 648 Q F0 .854(If set,)184 660 R F1(bash)3.354 E F0(allo) -3.354 E .855(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa) -3.355 G .855(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.355 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.355 -(\)t).15 G(o)-3.355 E -.15(ex)184 672 S +(nullglob)144 648 Q F0 .855(If set,)184 660 R F1(bash)3.355 E F0(allo) +3.355 E .855(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa) +3.354 G .854(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.354 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.354 +(\)t).15 G(o)-3.354 E -.15(ex)184 672 S (pand to a null string, rather than themselv).15 E(es.)-.15 E F1(pr)144 -684 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .677(If set, the programmable completion f)184 -696 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.176 E .676 -(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.176 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E +684 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .676(If set, the programmable completion f)184 +696 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.177 E .677 +(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.177 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E (are enabled.)184 708 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E (GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(72)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 73 73 @@ -8747,12 +8747,12 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(pr)144 84 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.447 -(If set, prompt strings under)184 96 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.448 -(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 108 S -.171(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G .17 +SF(pr)144 84 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.448 +(If set, prompt strings under)184 96 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.447 +(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 108 S .17 +(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G .17 (fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in)-.15 F/F2 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)2.67 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.42 E -.15(ve)-.15 G +/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)2.671 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.421 E -.15(ve)-.15 G (.).15 E(This option is enabled by def)184 120 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re) 144 132 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 (The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode \(see) @@ -8761,44 +8761,44 @@ SF(pr)144 84 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.447 (This is not reset when the startup \214les are e)5.36 F -.15(xe)-.15 G (-).15 E(cuted, allo)184 168 Q(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 E -F1(shift_v)144 180 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .501(If set, the)184 192 R F1 -(shift)3.001 E F0 -.2(bu)3.001 G .501 -(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .502 +F1(shift_v)144 180 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .502(If set, the)184 192 R F1 +(shift)3.002 E F0 -.2(bu)3.002 G .501 +(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .501 (xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 204 Q F1(sour) -144 216 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .771(If set, the)184 228 R F1(sour)3.271 E -(ce)-.18 E F0(\()3.271 E F1(.)A F0 3.271(\)b)C .771(uiltin uses the v) --3.471 F .771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.27 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .77 -(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.02 F(\214le supplied as an ar) -184 240 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.) --.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 252 Q F0(If set, the)184 264 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 --.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 -E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend)108 280.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A 1.001 -(Suspend the e)144 292.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.001 -(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G -F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.502(signal. A)3.252 F 1.002(login shell cannot be) -3.502 F .023(suspended; the)144 304.8 R F1<ad66>2.523 E F0 .023 -(option can be used to o)2.523 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 -(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .022(The return status is) -5.022 F 2.5(0u)144 316.8 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E +144 216 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .77(If set, the)184 228 R F1(sour)3.27 E(ce) +-.18 E F0(\()3.27 E F1(.)A F0 3.27(\)b)C .77(uiltin uses the v)-3.47 F +.771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.271 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .771 +(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.021 F +(\214le supplied as an ar)184 240 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F +(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 252 Q F0 +(If set, the)184 264 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E +(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend) +108 280.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A 1.002(Suspend the e)144 292.8 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G 1.002(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.501(signal. A)3.251 F 1.001 +(login shell cannot be)3.501 F .022(suspended; the)144 304.8 R F1<ad66> +2.522 E F0 .022(option can be used to o)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 +(rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .023(The return status is) +5.023 F 2.5(0u)144 316.8 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 E F1(test)108 333.6 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([) -108 345.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .877 -(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 345.6 R .878 -(alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .878 +108 345.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .878 +(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 345.6 R .877 +(alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .877 (luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)144 357.6 S(pr).2 E F0 5.53(.E).73 G .53 (ach operator and operand must be a separate ar)-5.53 F 3.03 -(gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 3.079 -(primaries described abo)144 369.6 R 3.379 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E -F2(CONDITION)5.579 E 3.079(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -(.)A F1(test)7.579 E F0 3.08(does not accept an)5.58 F(y)-.15 E +(gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 3.08 +(primaries described abo)144 369.6 R 3.38 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 +(CONDITION)5.58 E 3.079(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A +F1(test)7.579 E F0 3.079(does not accept an)5.579 F(y)-.15 E (options, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 381.6 Q(gument of)-.18 -E F1<adad>2.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 E .786 -(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 399.6 R .785 -(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.411 -(dence. The)144 411.6 R -.25(eva)3.411 G .911 -(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .912(guments; see belo)-.18 F -4.712 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .912(perator precedence is).65 F +E F1<adad>2.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 E .785 +(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 399.6 R .786 +(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.412 +(dence. The)144 411.6 R -.25(eva)3.412 G .912 +(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .911(guments; see belo)-.18 F +4.711 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .911(perator precedence is).65 F (used when there are \214v)144 423.6 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G (ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 435.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 435.6 S(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 @@ -8821,9 +8821,9 @@ F1([)2.5 E F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E E 2.5(2a)144 590.4 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) 180 602.4 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 -(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 614.4 R .38 -(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .679 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.879 E(TION)180 626.4 Q .552 +(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 614.4 R .38 +(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .68 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 626.4 Q .553 (AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 .552(the e)2.802 F .552 (xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .552 (If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 638.4 Q @@ -8834,18 +8834,18 @@ F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 (If the second ar)5.236 F .236(gument is one of)-.18 F .855 (the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 674.4 R 1.155 -.15 (ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDITION)3.355 E .855(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F -F4(,)A F0(the)3.105 E .579(result of the e)180 686.4 R .578(xpression i\ +F4(,)A F0(the)3.104 E .578(result of the e)180 686.4 R .578(xpression i\ s the result of the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F -(guments)-.18 E 1.332(as operands.)180 698.4 R(The)6.332 E F1<ad61>3.832 -E F0(and)3.832 E F1<ad6f>3.832 E F0 1.333 +(guments)-.18 E 1.333(as operands.)180 698.4 R(The)6.333 E F1<ad61>3.833 +E F0(and)3.833 E F1<ad6f>3.832 E F0 1.332 (operators are considered binary operators when there are)3.832 F .558 (three ar)180 710.4 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 F .558(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F .558(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F -(o-ar)-.1 E(gument)-.18 E .52(test using the second and third ar)180 -722.4 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .521 -(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.021 E F0 .521(and the third) -3.021 F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(73)197.335 E 0 Cg EP +(o-ar)-.1 E(gument)-.18 E .521(test using the second and third ar)180 +722.4 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .52 +(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.02 E F0 .52(and the third)3.02 +F(GNU Bash 4.4)72 768 Q(2016 May 29)148.175 E(73)197.335 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 74 74 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -8856,11 +8856,11 @@ BP 2.985(,t)C .485(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485 (gument test of the second ar)-.18 F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E (wise, the e)180 96 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 108 S --.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .384(If the \214rst ar)180 120 R .384 -(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.884 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne) --2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .385(tion of the three-ar).05 F .385(gument e) --.18 F .385(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.648(posed of the remaining ar)180 -132 R 4.147(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.647 +-.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .385(If the \214rst ar)180 120 R .385 +(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.885 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne) +-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .384(tion of the three-ar).05 F .384(gument e) +-.18 F .384(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.647(posed of the remaining ar)180 +132 R 4.147(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F 1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.648 (xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G(luated).25 E (according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 144 Q -.15(ve) -.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 156 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18 @@ -8874,72 +8874,71 @@ E F1(>)2.5 E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E processes run from the shell.)144 214.8 R(The return status is 0.)144 226.8 Q F1(trap)108 243.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E /F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...]) -2.5 E .702(The command)144 255.6 R F2(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0 .702 -(is to be read and e)3.422 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 -(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.203(ss).15 G -(ignal\(s\))-3.203 E F2(sigspec)3.203 E F0 5.703(.I).31 G(f)-5.703 E F2 -(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.423 E .609(absent \(and there is a single) +2.5 E .703(The command)144 255.6 R F2(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0 .703 +(is to be read and e)3.423 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 +(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.202(ss).15 G +(ignal\(s\))-3.202 E F2(sigspec)3.202 E F0 5.702(.I).31 G(f)-5.702 E F2 +(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.422 E .608(absent \(and there is a single) 144 267.6 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E F0 3.108(,e)C .608 (ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F -.658(\(the v)144 279.6 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) --.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659 +.659(\(the v)144 279.6 R .659(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) +-.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .658 (is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F2(sigspec) -144.34 291.6 Q F0 .581 -(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E F0 .58 -(is not present and)3.3 F F1<ad70>3.08 E F0(has)3.08 E 1.214 +144.34 291.6 Q F0 .58(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in) +3.39 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.081(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.411 E(g)-.37 E +F0 .581(is not present and)3.301 F F1<ad70>3.081 E F0(has)3.081 E 1.215 (been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 303.6 R -F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215 +F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.214(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.214(If no ar)6.214 F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 315.6 R F1<ad70>3.36 E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 (prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83 (signal. The)144 327.6 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ -to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F -4.311(bers. Each)144 339.6 R F2(sigspec)4.651 E F0 1.811 -(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.621 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.81 -(>, or a signal number)B 6.81(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.81 E +to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F 4.31 +(bers. Each)144 339.6 R F2(sigspec)4.65 E F0 1.811 +(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.62 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.811 +(>, or a signal number)B 6.811(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.811 E (names are case insensiti)144 351.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E 1.648 -(If a)144 369.6 R F2(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F3(EXIT)4.148 E F0 -1.648(\(0\) the command)3.898 F F2(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e) -4.369 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.649(xit from the shell.) --.15 F 1.649(If a)6.649 F F2(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F3(DEB)144 -381.6 Q(UG)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.168(the command)3.418 F -F2(ar)3.998 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.168(is e)3.888 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167 -(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.167(simple command) -3.667 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.667 E F0(command,)3.667 E F2(case)3.667 E F0 -(com-)3.667 E(mand,)144 393.6 Q F2(select)2.646 E F0 .146(command, e) -2.646 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .146(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)2.646 E F0 .147 -(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.646 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .147 -(cutes in a).15 F .146(shell function \(see)144 405.6 R F3 .146 -(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.646 F F0(abo)2.396 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15 -F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.645 E(ug)-.2 E F0 -.145(option to)2.645 F(the)144 417.6 Q F1(shopt)3.2 E F0 -.2(bu)3.2 G .7 -(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E(UG) --.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F2(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E F3 -(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .701(the com-)2.951 F(mand)144 429.6 Q F2(ar) -3.474 E(g)-.37 E F0 .644(is e)3.364 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 +/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E 1.649 +(If a)144 369.6 R F2(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F3(EXIT)4.149 E F0 +1.649(\(0\) the command)3.899 F F2(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e) +4.369 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.648(xit from the shell.) +-.15 F 1.648(If a)6.648 F F2(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F3(DEB)144 +381.6 Q(UG)-.09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.167(the command)3.417 F +F2(ar)3.997 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.167(is e)3.887 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167 +(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 1.168(simple command) +3.667 F F0(,)A F2(for)3.668 E F0(command,)3.668 E F2(case)3.668 E F0 +(com-)3.668 E(mand,)144 393.6 Q F2(select)2.647 E F0 .147(command, e) +2.647 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .147(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)2.647 E F0 .146 +(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.647 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .146 +(cutes in a).15 F .145(shell function \(see)144 405.6 R F3 .145 +(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.645 F F0(abo)2.395 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15 +F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F F1(extdeb)2.646 E(ug)-.2 E F0 +.146(option to)2.646 F(the)144 417.6 Q F1(shopt)3.201 E F0 -.2(bu)3.201 +G .7(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)3.2 E +(UG)-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F2(sigspec)3.54 E F0(is)3.51 E +F3(RETURN)3.2 E F4(,)A F0 .7(the com-)2.95 F(mand)144 429.6 Q F2(ar) +3.473 E(g)-.37 E F0 .643(is e)3.363 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 (cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.643(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.143 E F0(or)3.143 E F1(sour)3.143 E(ce) --.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.143 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 441.6 Q -.15(xe) --.15 G(cuting.).15 E .96(If a)144 459.6 R F2(sigspec)3.8 E F0(is)3.77 E -F3(ERR)3.46 E F4(,)A F0 .96(the command)3.21 F F2(ar)3.791 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.961(is e)3.681 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .961(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.461(rap).15 G .961(ipeline \(which may consist of a)-3.461 F .185(sin\ -gle simple command\), a list, or a compound command returns a non\255ze\ -ro e)144 471.6 R .184(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .451(the follo)144 -483.6 R .451(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.451 E F3(ERR)2.951 E F0 .451 -(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451(cuted if the f).15 F .452 -(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .388 -(mand list immediately follo)144 495.6 R .388(wing a)-.25 F F1(while) -2.888 E F0(or)2.888 E F1(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 -(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)2.897 E F0 .387 -(statement, part)4.847 F .777(of a command e)144 507.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.644(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)3.144 E F0(or)3.144 E F1(sour)3.144 E(ce) +-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.144 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 441.6 Q -.15(xe) +-.15 G(cuting.).15 E .961(If a)144 459.6 R F2(sigspec)3.801 E F0(is) +3.771 E F3(ERR)3.461 E F4(,)A F0 .961(the command)3.211 F F2(ar)3.791 E +(g)-.37 E F0 .961(is e)3.681 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .961(cuted whene).15 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.461(ra).15 G .96(pipeline \(which may consist of a) +-.001 F .185(single simple command\), a list, or a compound command ret\ +urns a non\255zero e)144 471.6 R .185(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .452 +(the follo)144 483.6 R .452(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.452 E F3(ERR) +2.952 E F0 .451(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451 +(cuted if the f).15 F .451(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .387 +(mand list immediately follo)144 495.6 R .387(wing a)-.25 F F1(while) +2.887 E F0(or)2.887 E F1(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 +(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)2.898 E F0 .388 +(statement, part)4.848 F .778(of a command e)144 507.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .778(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 .778 (list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778 -(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 -3.278(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.278 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 519.6 R +(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.277 E F0 +3.277(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.277 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 519.6 R 1.28(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.78(sr)-.55 G 1.28(eturn v) -3.78 F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F F1(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 531.6 Q @@ -8948,45 +8947,46 @@ F1(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 531.6 Q (Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 549.6 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 (being ignored are reset to their original v)144 561.6 R .662 -(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .661(vironment when one is) +(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .662(vironment when one is) -.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 573.6 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an) -.1 E(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G (lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108 590.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2 -(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 602.4 S .173 -(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F2(name) -3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174 -(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F -F1<ad74>144 614.4 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F1(type)3.343 E F0 +(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 602.4 S .174 +(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.674 E F2(name) +3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173 +(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F +F1<ad74>144 614.4 Q F0 .842(option is used,)3.342 F F1(type)3.342 E F0 .843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F2(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E F2 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)3.343 E F0 -(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.342 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.342(,o).24 G(r)-3.342 E F2 -(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F2(name)144.36 626.4 Q F0 .086 -(is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086 -(ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F2 -(name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119 +(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.343 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.343(,o).24 G(r)-3.343 E F2 +(\214le)5.253 E F0(if)3.523 E F2(name)144.36 626.4 Q F0 .087 +(is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087 +(ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F2 +(name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118 (found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 638.4 R .118 -(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F -F1<ad70>2.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F1(type)2.618 E F0 .855 +(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F +F1<ad70>2.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F1(type)2.619 E F0 .855 (either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 650.4 R .855 (ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0 -.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .641(mand name, or nothing if) -144 662.4 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141 -G .641(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E -F1<ad50>3.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F F3 -.666(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189 -E F0 .112(search for each)144 674.4 R F2(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15 -(ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F5 .113(type -t name)2.613 F F0 --.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I) -.18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F1<ad70>2.613 E -F0(and)144 686.4 Q F1<ad50>3.231 E F0 .731(print the hashed v)3.231 F -.73(alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in) --.25 F F3 -.666(PA)3.23 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .73(If the)5.23 F F1 -<ad61>144 698.4 Q F0 1.748(option is used,)4.248 F F1(type)4.248 E F0 -1.748(prints all of the places that contain an e)4.248 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.748(cutable named).15 F F2(name)4.249 E F0 6.749(.T).18 G(his)-6.749 E -.744(includes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 710.4 R F1 -<ad70>3.244 E F0 .744(option is not also used.)3.244 F .743 +.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .64(mand name, or nothing if)144 +662.4 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .64(type -t name)3.14 F F0 -.1(wo)3.14 G .641 +(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)3.141 E F0 5.641(.T).18 G(he)-5.641 E F1 +<ad50>3.141 E F0 .641(option forces a)3.141 F F3 -.666(PA)3.141 G(TH) +-.189 E F0 .113(search for each)144 674.4 R F2(name)2.613 E F0 2.613(,e) +C -.15(ve)-2.863 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F5 .113(type -t name)2.613 +F F0 -.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113 +(.I).18 G 2.613(fa)-5.113 G .112(command is hashed,)-.001 F F1<ad70> +2.612 E F0(and)144 686.4 Q F1<ad50>3.23 E F0 .73(print the hashed v)3.23 +F .731 +(alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 +F F3 -.666(PA)3.231 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .731(If the)5.231 F F1<ad61> +144 698.4 Q F0 1.749(option is used,)4.249 F F1(type)4.248 E F0 1.748 +(prints all of the places that contain an e)4.248 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.748 +(cutable named).15 F F2(name)4.248 E F0 6.748(.T).18 G(his)-6.748 E .744 +(includes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 710.4 R F1<ad70> +3.244 E F0 .744(option is not also used.)3.244 F .744 (The table of hashed)5.744 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using) 144 722.4 R F1<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F1<ad66>3.723 E F0 1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F(GNU Bash 4.4) @@ -8996,34 +8996,34 @@ F0(and)144 686.4 Q F1<ad50>3.231 E F0 .731(print the hashed v)3.231 F BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .326(with the)144 -84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E -F1(type)5.326 E F0 .326(returns true if all of the ar)2.826 F .325 -(guments are found, f)-.18 F .325(alse if an)-.1 F 2.825(ya)-.15 G .325 -(re not)-2.825 F(found.)144 96 Q F1(ulimit)108 112.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .325(with the)144 +84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(command)2.825 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G(iltin.).2 E +F1(type)5.325 E F0 .325(returns true if all of the ar)2.825 F .326 +(guments are found, f)-.18 F .326(alse if an)-.1 F 2.826(ya)-.15 G .326 +(re not)-2.826 F(found.)144 96 Q F1(ulimit)108 112.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 (\255HSabcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPT)A F0([)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 124.8 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 +(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 124.8 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.744(rt).15 G .244(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 (ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F -.944(that allo)144 136.8 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F -(The)5.944 E F1<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943 +.943(that allo)144 136.8 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F +(The)5.943 E F1<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944 (options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi) -144 148.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208 +144 148.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208 (hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\ -ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 160.8 R .426 -(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F1<ad48>2.925 E -F0(nor)2.925 E F1<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425 -(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 +ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 160.8 R .425 +(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F1<ad48>2.926 E +F0(nor)2.926 E F1<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426 +(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 172.8 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 (can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F -.742(of the special v)144 184.8 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1 +.741(of the special v)144 184.8 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1 (soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78 (soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 196.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F2(limit)3.37 E F0 .78 (is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25 -F .499(resource is printed, unless the)144 208.8 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0 -.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498 +F .498(resource is printed, unless the)144 208.8 R F1<ad48>2.999 E F0 +.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .499 (more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F (limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 220.8 Q 2.5 (alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1 @@ -9044,7 +9044,7 @@ Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 268.8 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se) (The maximum resident set size \(man)180 340.8 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G (ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 352.8 Q F0 .791(Th\ e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo) -180 352.8 R 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F +180 352.8 R 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F (be set\))180 364.8 Q F1<ad70>144 376.8 Q F0 (The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 376.8 Q F1 <ad71>144 388.8 Q F0 @@ -9062,19 +9062,19 @@ Q F1<ad73>144 412.8 Q F0(The maximum stack size)180 412.8 Q F1<ad74>144 (If)144 513.6 Q F2(limit)3.058 E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(n, and the).15 F F1<ad61>2.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968 F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468 -(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .045 -(no option is gi)144 525.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(n, then).15 F F1<ad66> -2.545 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045 -(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .044(xcept for)-.15 F F1 -<ad74>2.544 E F0 2.544(,w)C .044(hich is)-2.544 F 1.588(in seconds;)144 -537.6 R F1<ad70>4.088 E F0 4.089(,w)C 1.589 +(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .044 +(no option is gi)144 525.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .044(n, then).15 F F1<ad66> +2.544 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045 +(lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .045(xcept for)-.15 F F1 +<ad74>2.545 E F0 2.545(,w)C .045(hich is)-2.545 F 1.589(in seconds;)144 +537.6 R F1<ad70>4.089 E F0 4.089(,w)C 1.589 (hich is in units of 512-byte blocks;)-4.089 F F1<ad50>4.089 E F0(,)A F1 <ad54>4.089 E F0(,)A F1<ad62>4.089 E F0(,)A F1<ad6b>4.089 E F0(,)A F1 -<ad6e>4.089 E F0 4.089(,a)C(nd)-4.089 E F1<ad75>4.089 E F0 4.089(,w)C -1.589(hich are)-4.089 F 1.439(unscaled v)144 549.6 R 1.439 +<ad6e>4.089 E F0 4.089(,a)C(nd)-4.089 E F1<ad75>4.089 E F0 4.088(,w)C +1.588(hich are)-4.088 F 1.438(unscaled v)144 549.6 R 1.438 (alues; and, when in Posix mode,)-.25 F F1<ad63>3.939 E F0(and)3.939 E -F1<ad66>3.939 E F0 3.939(,w)C 1.438(hich are in 512-byte increments.) --3.939 F(The)6.438 E .404(return status is 0 unless an in)144 561.6 R +F1<ad66>3.939 E F0 3.939(,w)C 1.439(hich are in 512-byte increments.) +-3.939 F(The)6.439 E .404(return status is 0 unless an in)144 561.6 R -.25(va)-.4 G .404(lid option or ar).25 F .404 (gument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting)-.18 F 2.5(an)144 573.6 S .5 -.25(ew l)-2.5 H(imit.).25 E F1(umask)108 590.4 Q F0([)2.5 E @@ -9084,15 +9084,15 @@ F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A (gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\ therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\ pted by)144 614.4 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 -626.4 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382 +626.4 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382 (alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382 (option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547 (printed in symbolic form; the def)144 638.4 R .547 (ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G (he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2 -(mode)144.38 650.4 Q F0 .552 -(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232 -F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 662.4 Q +(mode)144.38 650.4 Q F0 .551 +(is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231 +F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 662.4 Q (as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E (gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1 (unalias)108 679.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 @@ -9111,64 +9111,64 @@ BP (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(unset)108 84 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 -96 S 3.828(re).15 G(ach)-3.828 E F2(name)3.828 E F0 3.828(,r).18 G(emo) --3.828 E 1.628 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.328(he corresponding v).15 F 1.327 -(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.327(If the)6.327 F F1<ad76>3.827 E F0 -1.327(option is gi)3.827 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.327(n, each).15 F F2(name) -144.36 108 Q F0 1.55(refers to a shell v)4.23 F 1.551 +96 S 3.827(re).15 G(ach)-3.827 E F2(name)3.827 E F0 3.827(,r).18 G(emo) +-3.827 E 1.627 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.327(he corresponding v).15 F 1.327 +(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.327(If the)6.327 F F1<ad76>3.828 E F0 +1.328(option is gi)3.828 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.328(n, each).15 F F2(name) +144.36 108 Q F0 1.551(refers to a shell v)4.231 F 1.551 (ariable, and that v)-.25 F 1.551(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G -4.051(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va)4.051 G 1.551(riables may not be).25 F -4.642(unset. If)144 120 R F1<ad66>4.642 E F0 2.142(is speci\214ed, each) -4.642 F F2(name)5.001 E F0 2.141 +4.05(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va)4.05 G 1.55(riables may not be).25 F +4.641(unset. If)144 120 R F1<ad66>4.641 E F0 2.141(is speci\214ed, each) +4.641 F F2(name)5.001 E F0 2.141 (refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is)4.821 F -(remo)144 132 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.537(d. If).15 F(the)2.537 E F1<ad6e> +(remo)144 132 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.538(d. If).15 F(the)2.537 E F1<ad6e> 2.537 E F0 .037(option is supplied, and)2.537 F F2(name)2.537 E F0 .037 (is a v)2.537 F .037(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.537 E(ef)-.37 E -F0(attrib)2.537 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.537 E F0(will)2.538 E .492 +F0(attrib)2.537 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.537 E F0(will)2.537 E .492 (be unset rather than the v)144 144 R .492(ariable it references.)-.25 F F1<ad6e>5.492 E F0 .492(has no ef)2.992 F .492(fect if the)-.25 F F1 -<ad66>2.992 E F0 .492(option is supplied.)2.992 F .492(If no)5.492 F .22 -(options are supplied, each)144 156 R F2(name)2.72 E F0 .22 -(refers to a v)2.72 F .221(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .221 -(ariable by that name, an)-.25 F 2.721(yf)-.15 G(unc-)-2.721 E 1.189 +<ad66>2.992 E F0 .492(option is supplied.)2.992 F .493(If no)5.493 F +.221(options are supplied, each)144 156 R F2(name)2.721 E F0 .221 +(refers to a v)2.721 F .22(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .22 +(ariable by that name, an)-.25 F 2.72(yf)-.15 G(unc-)-2.72 E 1.188 (tion with that name is unset.)144 168 R 1.189(Each unset v)6.189 F -1.189(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.688(df).15 G -1.188(rom the en)-3.688 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.205 +1.189(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.689(df).15 G +1.189(rom the en)-3.689 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.206 (passed to subsequent commands.)144 180 R 3.206(If an)8.206 F 5.706(yo) -.15 G(f)-5.706 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)5.706 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E -/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)5.456 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)5.456 E -F4(,)A F3(LINENO)144 192 Q F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.348 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN) -4.348 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.348 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)4.348 E +/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)5.455 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)5.455 E +F4(,)A F3(LINENO)144 192 Q F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.347 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN) +4.347 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.347 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)4.348 E F3(DIRST)4.598 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0 2.098(are unset, the)4.348 -F 4.597(yl)-.15 G 2.097(ose their special)-4.597 F(properties, e)144 204 +F 4.598(yl)-.15 G 2.098(ose their special)-4.598 F(properties, e)144 204 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he)-2.5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G (re subsequently reset.)-2.5 E(The e)5 E(xit status is true unless a) -.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 220.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C F2 2.5(n.)-2.5 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8 -(Wa)144 232.8 S .026(it for each speci\214ed child process and return i\ -ts termination status.).8 F(Each)5.027 E F2(n)2.887 E F0 .027 -(may be a process ID)2.767 F .256 +(Wa)144 232.8 S .027(it for each speci\214ed child process and return i\ +ts termination status.).8 F(Each)5.026 E F2(n)2.886 E F0 .026 +(may be a process ID)2.766 F .256 (or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 244.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .256(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.756(sp)-.55 G .256 (ipeline are w)-2.756 F .256(aited for)-.1 F 5.256(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.256 E -F2(n)3.116 E F0 .317(is not gi)144 256.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .317 +F2(n)3.116 E F0 .318(is not gi)144 256.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .318 (n, all currently acti).15 F .618 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .318 (hild processes are w).15 F .318(aited for)-.1 F 2.818(,a)-.4 G .318 -(nd the return status is zero.)-2.818 F .318(If the)5.318 F F1<ad6e>144 -268.8 Q F0 .362(option is supplied,)2.862 F F1(wait)2.862 E F0 -.1(wa) -2.862 G .362(its for an).1 F 2.862(yj)-.15 G .362 -(ob to terminate and returns its e)-2.862 F .361(xit status.)-.15 F(If) -5.361 E F2(n)3.221 E F0(speci\214es)3.101 E 2.595(an)144 280.8 S(on-e) --2.595 E .095(xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F -.096(Otherwise, the return status is the e)5.095 F .096(xit status)-.15 +(nd the return status is zero.)-2.818 F .317(If the)5.317 F F1<ad6e>144 +268.8 Q F0 .361(option is supplied,)2.861 F F1(wait)2.861 E F0 -.1(wa) +2.861 G .361(its for an).1 F 2.862(yj)-.15 G .362 +(ob to terminate and returns its e)-2.862 F .362(xit status.)-.15 F(If) +5.362 E F2(n)3.222 E F0(speci\214es)3.102 E 2.596(an)144 280.8 S(on-e) +-2.596 E .096(xistent process or job, the return status is 127.)-.15 F +.095(Otherwise, the return status is the e)5.095 F .095(xit status)-.15 F(of the last process or job w)144 292.8 Q(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(RESTRICTED SHELL)72 309.6 Q F0(If)108 321.6 Q F1 -(bash)4.397 E F0 1.897(is started with the name)4.397 F F1(rbash)4.397 E -F0 4.397(,o)C 4.397(rt)-4.397 G(he)-4.397 E F1<ad72>4.397 E F0 1.896 -(option is supplied at in)4.397 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.896 -(cation, the shell becomes).2 F 3.445(restricted. A)108 333.6 R .945 -(restricted shell is used to set up an en)3.445 F .946 -(vironment more controlled than the standard shell.)-.4 F(It)5.946 E +(bash)4.396 E F0 1.896(is started with the name)4.396 F F1(rbash)4.397 E +F0 4.397(,o)C 4.397(rt)-4.397 G(he)-4.397 E F1<ad72>4.397 E F0 1.897 +(option is supplied at in)4.397 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.897 +(cation, the shell becomes).2 F 3.446(restricted. A)108 333.6 R .945 +(restricted shell is used to set up an en)3.446 F .945 +(vironment more controlled than the standard shell.)-.4 F(It)5.945 E (beha)108 345.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(si).15 G(dentically to)-2.5 E F1 (bash)2.5 E F0(with the e)2.5 E(xception that the follo)-.15 E (wing are disallo)-.25 E(wed or not performed:)-.25 E<83>108 362.4 Q @@ -9179,13 +9179,13 @@ F4(,)A F3 -.666(PA)2.25 G(TH)-.189 E F4(,)A F3(ENV)2.25 E F4(,)A F0(or) (specifying command names containing)144 396 Q F1(/)2.5 E F0<83>108 412.8 Q(specifying a \214lename containing a)144 412.8 Q F1(/)2.5 E F0 (as an ar)2.5 E(gument to the)-.18 E F1(.)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)5 G -(iltin command).2 E<83>108 429.6 Q .45 +(iltin command).2 E<83>108 429.6 Q .449 (specifying a \214lename containing a slash as an ar)144 429.6 R .449 -(gument to the)-.18 F F1<ad70>2.949 E F0 .449(option to the)2.949 F F1 -(hash)2.949 E F0 -.2(bu)2.949 G .449(iltin com-).2 F(mand)144 441.6 Q -<83>108 458.4 Q(importing function de\214nitions from the shell en)144 -458.4 Q(vironment at startup)-.4 E<83>108 475.2 Q(parsing the v)144 -475.2 Q(alue of)-.25 E F3(SHELLOPTS)2.5 E F0(from the shell en)2.25 E +(gument to the)-.18 F F1<ad70>2.95 E F0 .45(option to the)2.95 F F1 +(hash)2.95 E F0 -.2(bu)2.95 G .45(iltin com-).2 F(mand)144 441.6 Q<83> +108 458.4 Q(importing function de\214nitions from the shell en)144 458.4 +Q(vironment at startup)-.4 E<83>108 475.2 Q(parsing the v)144 475.2 Q +(alue of)-.25 E F3(SHELLOPTS)2.5 E F0(from the shell en)2.25 E (vironment at startup)-.4 E<83>108 492 Q(redirecting output using the >\ , >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirection operators)144 492 Q<83>108 508.8 Q (using the)144 508.8 Q F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G @@ -9202,8 +9202,8 @@ F1(command)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command).2 E<83>108 576 Q (These restrictions are enforced after an)108 592.8 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G (tartup \214les are read.)-2.5 E 1.566 (When a command that is found to be a shell script is e)108 609.6 R -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.567(cuted \(see).15 F F3 1.567(COMMAND EXECUTION)4.067 F F0 -(abo)3.817 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\),).15 E F1(rbash)108 621.6 Q F0(turns of) +(xe)-.15 G 1.566(cuted \(see).15 F F3 1.566(COMMAND EXECUTION)4.066 F F0 +(abo)3.816 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\),).15 E F1(rbash)108 621.6 Q F0(turns of) 2.5 E 2.5(fa)-.25 G .3 -.15(ny r)-2.5 H(estrictions in the shell spa).15 E(wned to e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute the script.).15 E F5(SEE ALSO)72 638.4 Q F2(Bash Refer)108 650.4 Q(ence Manual)-.37 E F0 2.5(,B)C(rian F) @@ -9242,20 +9242,20 @@ E F0(The personal initialization \214le, e)144 208.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (oundation)-.15 E(bfox@gnu.or)108 321.6 Q(g)-.18 E(Chet Rame)108 338.4 Q 1.3 -.65(y, C)-.15 H(ase W).65 E(estern Reserv)-.8 E 2.5(eU)-.15 G(ni) -2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E(chet.rame)108 350.4 Q(y@case.edu)-.15 -E F2 -.11(BU)72 367.2 S 2.738(GR).11 G(EPOR)-2.738 E(TS)-.438 E F0 .568 +E F2 -.11(BU)72 367.2 S 2.738(GR).11 G(EPOR)-2.738 E(TS)-.438 E F0 .567 (If you \214nd a b)108 379.2 R .568(ug in)-.2 F F3(bash,)3.068 E F0 .568 (you should report it.)3.068 F .568(But \214rst, you should mak)5.568 F -3.068(es)-.1 G .568(ure that it really is a b)-3.068 F .567(ug, and)-.2 -F 5.625(that it appears in the latest v)108 391.2 R 5.625(ersion of)-.15 -F F3(bash)8.125 E F0 10.625(.T)C 5.625(he latest v)-10.625 F 5.626 -(ersion is al)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 5.626(ys a).1 F -.25(va)-.2 G 5.626 +3.068(es)-.1 G .568(ure that it really is a b)-3.068 F .568(ug, and)-.2 +F 5.626(that it appears in the latest v)108 391.2 R 5.625(ersion of)-.15 +F F3(bash)8.125 E F0 10.625(.T)C 5.625(he latest v)-10.625 F 5.625 +(ersion is al)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 5.625(ys a).1 F -.25(va)-.2 G 5.625 (ilable from).25 F F1(ftp://ftp.gnu.or)108 403.2 Q(g/pub/gnu/bash/)-.37 -E F0(.)A .411(Once you ha)108 420 R .711 -.15(ve d)-.2 H .411 -(etermined that a b).15 F .411(ug actually e)-.2 F .411(xists, use the) --.15 F F1(bashb)3.18 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .41(command to submit a b)3.13 F .41 -(ug report.)-.2 F(If)5.41 E .594(you ha)108 432 R .894 -.15(ve a \214) --.2 H .595(x, you are encouraged to mail that as well!).15 F .595 -(Suggestions and `philosophical' b)5.595 F .595(ug reports may)-.2 F +E F0(.)A .41(Once you ha)108 420 R .71 -.15(ve d)-.2 H .41 +(etermined that a b).15 F .41(ug actually e)-.2 F .411(xists, use the) +-.15 F F1(bashb)3.181 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .411(command to submit a b)3.131 F +.411(ug report.)-.2 F(If)5.411 E .595(you ha)108 432 R .895 -.15 +(ve a \214)-.2 H .595(x, you are encouraged to mail that as well!).15 F +.594(Suggestions and `philosophical' b)5.595 F .594(ug reports may)-.2 F (be mailed to)108 444 Q F1 -.2(bu)2.5 G(g-bash@gnu.or).2 E(g)-.37 E F0 (or posted to the Usenet ne)2.5 E(wsgroup)-.25 E F3(gnu.bash.b)2.5 E(ug) -.2 E F0(.)A(ALL b)108 460.8 Q(ug reports should include:)-.2 E(The v) @@ -9269,23 +9269,23 @@ G(rcises the b).15 E(ug)-.2 E F1(bashb)108.27 542.4 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 559.2 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2 E F1 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et.r).15 E(ame)-.15 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