diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/builtins.ps')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/builtins.ps | 4090 |
1 files changed, 2136 insertions, 1954 deletions
diff --git a/doc/builtins.ps b/doc/builtins.ps index c2f8de15..ae11c544 100644 --- a/doc/builtins.ps +++ b/doc/builtins.ps @@ -1,13 +1,13 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 -%%Creator: groff version 1.22.3 -%%CreationDate: Wed Jan 2 09:14:38 2019 +%%Creator: groff version 1.22.4 +%%CreationDate: Wed Nov 18 15:13:06 2020 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic %%+ font Symbol %%+ font Courier -%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.22 3 -%%Pages: 25 +%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.22 4 +%%Pages: 26 %%PageOrder: Ascend %%DocumentMedia: Default 612 792 0 () () %%Orientation: Portrait @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ %%PageMedia: Default %%EndDefaults %%BeginProlog -%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.22 3 +%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.22 4 %!PS-Adobe-3.0 Resource-ProcSet /setpacking where{ pop @@ -242,19 +242,19 @@ BP /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -.219(NA)72 84 S -(ME).219 E F0 1.325(bash, :, ., [, alias, bg, bind, break, b)108 96 R -1.325(uiltin, caller)-.2 F 3.825(,c)-.4 G 1.324 -(d, command, compgen, complete, compopt, continue,)-3.825 F .903 -(declare, dirs, diso)108 108 R .903(wn, echo, enable, e)-.25 F -.25(va) --.25 G .904(l, e).25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .904(c, e).15 F .904(xit, e)-.15 F -.904(xport, f)-.15 F .904(alse, fc, fg, getopts, hash, help, history)-.1 -F 3.404(,j)-.65 G(obs,)-3.404 E .133(kill, let, local, logout, map\214l\ -e, popd, printf, pushd, pwd, read, readonly)108 120 R 2.633(,r)-.65 G -.133(eturn, set, shift, shopt, source, sus-)-2.633 F .279(pend, test, t\ -imes, trap, true, type, typeset, ulimit, umask, unalias, unset, w)108 -132 R .279(ait \255 bash b)-.1 F .279(uilt-in commands, see)-.2 F/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)108 144 Q F0(\(1\))A F1 -.329(BA)72 160.8 S(SH B) -.329 E(UIL)-.11 E(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063 +(ME).219 E F0 .288(bash, :, ., [, alias, bg, bind, break, b)108 96 R +.287(uiltin, caller)-.2 F 2.787(,c)-.4 G .287 +(d, command, compgen, complete, compopt, continue, de-)-2.787 F .327 +(clare, dirs, diso)108 108 R .327(wn, echo, enable, e)-.25 F -.25(va) +-.25 G .327(l, e).25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .327(c, e).15 F .327(xit, e)-.15 F +.327(xport, f)-.15 F .327(alse, fc, fg, getopts, hash, help, history)-.1 +F 2.827(,j)-.65 G .328(obs, kill,)-2.827 F .124(let, local, logout, map\ +\214le, popd, printf, pushd, pwd, read, readonly)108 120 R 2.624(,r)-.65 +G .124(eturn, set, shift, shopt, source, suspend,)-2.624 F 1.926(test, \ +times, trap, true, type, typeset, ulimit, umask, unalias, unset, w)108 +132 R 1.927(ait \255 bash b)-.1 F 1.927(uilt-in commands, see)-.2 F/F2 +10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash)108 144 Q F0(\(1\))A F1 -.329(BA)72 160.8 S +(SH B).329 E(UIL)-.11 E(TIN COMMANDS)-1.007 E F0 .063 (Unless otherwise noted, each b)108 172.8 R .062(uiltin command documen\ ted in this section as accepting options preceded by)-.2 F F2<ad>108 184.8 Q F0(accepts)3.077 E F2<adad>3.077 E F0 .577 @@ -285,16 +285,15 @@ F2(sour)108 303.6 Q(ce)-.18 E F3(\214lename)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3(ar)A (guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.02(Read and e)144 315.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.02 (cute commands from).15 F F3(\214lename)5.43 E F0 1.02 (in the current shell en)3.7 F 1.02(vironment and return the e)-.4 F -(xit)-.15 E 1.458(status of the last command e)144 327.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 -G 1.458(cuted from).15 F F3(\214lename)3.958 E F0 6.458(.I).18 G(f) --6.458 E F3(\214lename)5.868 E F0 1.458 -(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.138 F .608(names in)144 339.6 R/F4 -9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .608 -(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.858 F F3(\214lename)3.108 -E F0 5.608(.T).18 G .608(he \214le searched for in)-5.608 F F4 -.666(PA) -3.108 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 351.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -3.332(cutable. When).15 F F2(bash)3.332 E F0 .832(is not in)3.332 F F3 -.832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833 +(xit)-.15 E 1.33(status of the last command e)144 327.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +1.331(cuted from).15 F F3(\214lename)5.741 E F0 6.331(.I).18 G(f)-6.331 +E F3(\214lename)5.741 E F0 1.331(does not contain a slash, \214le-)4.011 +F .489(names in)144 339.6 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.989 G(TH) +-.189 E F0 .489(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.739 F F3 +(\214lename)4.899 E F0 5.488(.T).18 G .488(he \214le searched for in) +-5.488 F F4 -.666(PA)2.988 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .832(need not be e)144 351.6 +R -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.332(cutable. When).15 F F2(bash)3.332 E F0 .832 +(is not in)3.332 F F3 .832(posix mode)3.332 F F0 3.332(,t)C .833 (he current directory is searched if no)-3.332 F .982 (\214le is found in)144 363.6 R F4 -.666(PA)3.481 G(TH)-.189 E/F5 9 /Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .981(If the)5.481 F F2(sour)3.481 E(cepath)-.18 @@ -303,18 +302,18 @@ E F0 .981(option to the)3.481 F F2(shopt)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 375.6 S(TH)-.189 E F0 .112(is not searched.)2.362 F .112(If an)5.112 F (y)-.15 E F3(ar)2.612 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .112(are supplied, the)2.612 F 2.612(yb)-.15 G .112(ecome the positional parameters when)-2.612 F F3 -(\214lename)144 387.6 Q F0 1.697(is e)4.197 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 4.197 -(cuted. Otherwise).15 F 1.697(the positional parameters are unchanged.) -4.197 F 1.697(If the)6.697 F F2<ad54>4.197 E F0 1.696(option is)4.197 F -(enabled,)144 399.6 Q F2(sour)3.617 E(ce)-.18 E F0 1.117(inherits an) -3.617 F 3.617(yt)-.15 G 1.117(rap on)-3.617 F F2(DEB)3.617 E(UG)-.1 E F0 -3.618(;i)C 3.618(fi)-3.618 G 3.618(ti)-3.618 G 3.618(sn)-3.618 G 1.118 -(ot, an)-3.618 F(y)-.15 E F2(DEB)3.618 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.118 -(trap string is sa)3.618 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.618(da).15 G(nd)-3.618 E .36 -(restored around the call to)144 411.6 R F2(sour)2.86 E(ce)-.18 E F0 -2.86(,a)C(nd)-2.86 E F2(sour)2.86 E(ce)-.18 E F0 .36(unsets the)2.86 F -F2(DEB)2.86 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .36(trap while it e)2.86 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.86 -(cutes. If).15 F F2<ad54>2.86 E F0(is)2.86 E 1.435 +(\214lename)144 387.6 Q F0 .485(is e)2.985 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.985 +(cuted. Otherwise).15 F .485(the positional parameters are unchanged.) +2.985 F .485(If the)5.485 F F2<ad54>2.985 E F0 .485(option is en-)2.985 +F(abled,)144 399.6 Q F2(sour)3.324 E(ce)-.18 E F0 .824(inherits an)3.324 +F 3.324(yt)-.15 G .824(rap on)-3.324 F F2(DEB)3.324 E(UG)-.1 E F0 3.324 +(;i)C 3.324(fi)-3.324 G 3.324(ti)-3.324 G 3.324(sn)-3.324 G .825(ot, an) +-3.324 F(y)-.15 E F2(DEB)3.325 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .825(trap string is sa) +3.325 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.325(da).15 G .825(nd re-)-3.325 F .817 +(stored around the call to)144 411.6 R F2(sour)3.317 E(ce)-.18 E F0 +3.317(,a)C(nd)-3.317 E F2(sour)3.317 E(ce)-.18 E F0 .817(unsets the) +3.317 F F2(DEB)3.317 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .817(trap while it e)3.317 F -.15(xe) +-.15 G 3.317(cutes. If).15 F F2<ad54>3.317 E F0(is)3.317 E 1.435 (not set, and the sourced \214le changes the)144 423.6 R F2(DEB)3.935 E (UG)-.1 E F0 1.435(trap, the ne)3.935 F 3.935(wv)-.25 G 1.435 (alue is retained when)-4.185 F F2(sour)3.935 E(ce)-.18 E F0 3.763 @@ -372,9 +371,9 @@ G(ymap)-.2 E F0(])A F3 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(:)A F3 -.37(re)C 2.739 F .476(macro, or set a)144 702 R F2 -.18(re)2.976 G(adline).18 E F0 -.25(va)2.976 G 2.976(riable. Each).25 F .476(non-option ar)2.976 F .475(gument is a command as it w)-.18 F .475(ould appear in)-.1 F F3 -(.inputr)144 714 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.983(,b).31 G .484 -(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.183 F -.484(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5 +(.inputr)144.23 714 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.967(,b).31 G .467 +(ut each binding or command must be passed as a separate ar)-3.167 F +.468(gument; e.g., '"\\C\255x\\C\255r":)-.18 F 2.5 (re\255read\255init\255\214le'. Options,)144 726 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(1)203.725 E 0 Cg EP @@ -391,10 +390,10 @@ E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6d>144 84 Q/F2 10 (Acceptable)7.658 E F2 -.1(ke)180 108 S(ymap)-.2 E F0 3.192(names are) 5.882 F F2 3.192(emacs, emacs\255standar)5.692 F 3.193 (d, emacs\255meta, emacs\255ctlx, vi, vi\255mo)-.37 F(ve)-.1 E(,)-.1 E -(vi\255command)180 120 Q F0 4.114(,a)C(nd)-4.114 E F2(vi\255insert)4.114 -E F0(.).68 E F2(vi)6.614 E F0 1.613(is equi)4.114 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.613 -(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command)4.113 E F0(\()4.113 E F2(vi\255mo)A(ve) --.1 E F0 1.613(is also a syn-)4.113 F(on)180 132 Q(ym\);)-.15 E F2 +(vi\255command)180 120 Q F0 4.09(,a)C(nd)-4.09 E F2(vi\255insert)4.38 E +F0(.).68 E F2(vi)6.589 E F0 1.589(is equi)4.089 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.589 +(lent to).25 F F2(vi\255command)4.089 E F0(\()4.089 E F2(vi\255mo)A(ve) +-.1 E F0 1.589(is also a syn-)4.089 F(on)180 132 Q(ym\);)-.15 E F2 (emacs)2.5 E F0(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F2 (emacs\255standar)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1<ad6c>144 144 Q F0 (List the names of all)180 144 Q F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(adline).18 E F0 @@ -430,220 +429,223 @@ E F2(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 288 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 4.325 E(mand)180 360 Q F0 1.764(is e)4.264 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.765 (cuted, the shell sets the).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(READLINE_LINE) 4.265 E F0 -.25(va)4.015 G 1.765(riable to the contents of the).25 F F1 --.18(re)180 372 S(adline).18 E F0 1.353(line b)3.853 F(uf)-.2 E 1.353 -(fer and the)-.25 F F3(READLINE_POINT)3.853 E F0 -.25(va)3.603 G 1.353 -(riable to the current location of the).25 F 2.011(insertion point.)180 -384 R 2.011(If the e)7.011 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.011 -(cuted command changes the v).15 F 2.011(alue of)-.25 F F3 -(READLINE_LINE)4.512 E F0(or)4.262 E F3(READLINE_POINT)180 396 Q/F4 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0(those ne)2.25 E 2.5(wv)-.25 G -(alues will be re\215ected in the editing state.)-2.75 E F1<ad58>144 408 -Q F0 .83(List all k)180 408 R 1.13 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .829 +-.18(re)180 372 S(adline).18 E F0 .375(line b)2.875 F(uf)-.2 E .375 +(fer and the)-.25 F F3(READLINE_POINT)2.875 E F0(and)2.625 E F3 +(READLINE_MARK)2.875 E F0 -.25(va)2.625 G .375(riables to the).25 F +1.185(current location of the insertion point and the sa)180 384 R -.15 +(ve)-.2 G 3.686(di).15 G 1.186(nsertion point \(the mark\), respec-) +-3.686 F(ti)180 396 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.702(.I)-.65 G 3.202(ft) +-5.702 G .702(he e)-3.202 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .702 +(cuted command changes the v).15 F .701(alue of an)-.25 F 3.201(yo)-.15 +G(f)-3.201 E F3(READLINE_LINE)3.201 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3 +(READ-)2.951 E(LINE_POINT)180 408 Q F4(,)A F0(or)3.58 E F3 +(READLINE_MARK)3.83 E F4(,)A F0 1.33(those ne)3.58 F 3.83(wv)-.25 G +1.331(alues will be re\215ected in the editing)-4.08 F(state.)180 420 Q +F1<ad58>144 432 Q F0 .83(List all k)180 432 R 1.13 -.15(ey s)-.1 H .829 (equences bound to shell commands and the associated commands in a for) -.15 F(-)-.2 E(mat that can be reused as input.)180 420 Q(The return v) -144 436.8 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 +.15 F(-)-.2 E(mat that can be reused as input.)180 444 Q(The return v) +144 460.8 Q(alue is 0 unless an unrecognized option is gi)-.25 E -.15 (ve)-.25 G 2.5(no).15 G 2.5(ra)-2.5 G 2.5(ne)-2.5 G(rror occurred.)-2.5 -E F1(br)108 453.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .054 -(Exit from within a)144 465.6 R F1 -.25(fo)2.554 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1 +E F1(br)108 477.6 Q(eak)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .054 +(Exit from within a)144 489.6 R F1 -.25(fo)2.554 G(r).25 E F0(,)A F1 (while)2.554 E F0(,)A F1(until)2.555 E F0 2.555(,o)C(r)-2.555 E F1 (select)2.555 E F0 2.555(loop. If)2.555 F F2(n)2.555 E F0 .055 (is speci\214ed, break)2.555 F F2(n)2.555 E F0(le)2.555 E -.15(ve)-.25 G (ls.).15 E F2(n)5.415 E F0 .055(must be)2.795 F/F5 10/Symbol SF<b3>2.555 -E F0(1.)2.555 E(If)144 477.6 Q F2(n)3.075 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ +E F0(1.)2.555 E(If)144 501.6 Q F2(n)3.075 E F0 .215(is greater than the\ number of enclosing loops, all enclosing loops are e)2.955 F 2.714 (xited. The)-.15 F .214(return v)2.714 F(alue)-.25 E(is 0 unless)144 -489.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.)2.5 E F1 -.2 -(bu)108 506.4 S(iltin).2 E F2(shell\255b)2.5 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 E -F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 518.4 Q .792 -(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .792(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F2 -(ar)3.293 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.293(,a).27 G .793(nd return its e)-3.293 -F .793(xit status.)-.15 F .793(This is useful)5.793 F .616 +513.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(is not greater than or equal to 1.)2.5 E F1 -.2 +(bu)108 530.4 S(iltin).2 E F2(shell\255b)2.5 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0([)2.5 E +F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A(Ex)144 542.4 Q .77 +(ecute the speci\214ed shell b)-.15 F .77(uiltin, passing it)-.2 F F2 +(ar)3.601 E(guments)-.37 E F0 3.271(,a).27 G .771(nd return its e)-3.271 +F .771(xit status.)-.15 F .771(This is useful)5.771 F .616 (when de\214ning a function whose name is the same as a shell b)144 -530.4 R .615(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 -542.4 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F1(cd)3.07 E F0 +554.4 R .615(uiltin, retaining the functionality of)-.2 F .57(the b)144 +566.4 R .57(uiltin within the function.)-.2 F(The)5.57 E F1(cd)3.07 E F0 -.2(bu)3.07 G .57(iltin is commonly rede\214ned this w).2 F(ay)-.1 E -5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 554.4 Q(alse if)-.1 +5.57(.T)-.65 G .57(he return status)-5.57 F(is f)144 578.4 Q(alse if)-.1 E F2(shell\255b)2.84 E(uiltin)-.2 E F0(is not a shell b)2.74 E -(uiltin command.)-.2 E F1(caller)108 571.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)C(pr) -.2 E F0(])A .254(Returns the conte)144 583.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F +(uiltin command.)-.2 E F1(caller)108 595.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)C(pr) +.2 E F0(])A .254(Returns the conte)144 607.2 R .254(xt of an)-.15 F 2.754(ya)-.15 G(cti)-2.754 E .554 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .254 (ubroutine call \(a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.254(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.753 E F0(or)2.753 E F1(sour)144 595.2 Q +.254(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.753 E F0(or)2.753 E F1(sour)144 619.2 Q (ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.824 G 2.824(iltins\). W).2 F(ithout)-.4 E F2 -.2 (ex)2.824 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.824 E F0 .324 (displays the line number and source \214lename of the current)2.824 F -.254(subroutine call.)144 607.2 R .254(If a non-ne)5.254 F -.05(ga)-.15 +.254(subroutine call.)144 631.2 R .254(If a non-ne)5.254 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .554 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(nte).15 E .253(ger is supplied as)-.15 F F2 -.2(ex)2.753 G(pr).2 E F0(,)A F1(caller)2.753 E F0 .253 (displays the line number)2.753 F 2.753(,s)-.4 G(ub-)-2.753 E 1.327(rou\ tine name, and source \214le corresponding to that position in the curr\ -ent e)144 619.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.328(cution call stack.).15 F .001 -(This e)144 631.2 R .001(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 F .001 +ent e)144 643.2 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.328(cution call stack.).15 F .001 +(This e)144 655.2 R .001(xtra information may be used, for e)-.15 F .001 (xample, to print a stack trace.)-.15 F(The current frame is frame)5 E -3.019(0. The)144 643.2 R .519(return v)3.019 F .519 +3.019(0. The)144 667.2 R .519(return v)3.019 F .519 (alue is 0 unless the shell is not e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .52 (cuting a subroutine call or).15 F F2 -.2(ex)3.02 G(pr).2 E F0 .52 -(does not corre-)3.02 F(spond to a v)144 655.2 Q -(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F1(cd)108 672 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +(does not corre-)3.02 F(spond to a v)144 679.2 Q +(alid position in the call stack.)-.25 E F1(cd)108 696 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 <ad4c>A F0(|[)A F1<ad50>A F0([)2.5 E F1<ad65>A F0(]] [\255@]] [)A F2 -(dir)A F0(])A .322(Change the current directory to)144 684 R F2(dir) +(dir)A F0(])A .322(Change the current directory to)144 708 R F2(dir) 2.822 E F0 5.322(.i)C(f)-5.322 E F2(dir)2.822 E F0 .321 (is not supplied, the v)2.822 F .321(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HOME)2.821 E -F0 .321(shell v)2.571 F .321(ariable is)-.25 F 1.035(the def)144 696 R +F0 .321(shell v)2.571 F .321(ariable is)-.25 F 1.035(the def)144 720 R 3.535(ault. An)-.1 F 3.535(ya)-.15 G 1.035(dditional ar)-3.535 F 1.035 (guments follo)-.18 F(wing)-.25 E F2(dir)3.535 E F0 1.035(are ignored.) 3.535 F 1.036(The v)6.035 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(CDP)3.536 E -.855(AT)-.666 -G(H).855 E F0(de\214nes)3.286 E .85 -(the search path for the directory containing)144 708 R F2(dir)3.35 E F0 -3.35(:e).73 G .849(ach directory name in)-3.35 F F3(CDP)3.349 E -.855 -(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .849(is searched for)3.099 F F2(dir)144 720 Q F0 -5.664(.A)C(lternati)-5.664 E .964 -.15(ve d)-.25 H .665 -(irectory names in).15 F F3(CDP)3.165 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 -.665(are separated by a colon \(:\).)2.915 F 3.165(An)5.665 G .665 -(ull directory name)-3.165 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E -(2)203.725 E 0 Cg EP +G(H).855 E F0(de\214nes)3.286 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20) +149.565 E(2)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 3 3 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(in)144 84 Q/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CDP)4.163 -E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 1.663 -(is the same as the current directory)3.913 F 4.162(,i)-.65 G 1.662 -(.e., `)-4.162 F(`)-.74 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(.)A F0 -.74('')C 6.662 -(.I).74 G(f)-6.662 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)4.512 E F0(be)4.892 E -1.662(gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F1(CDP)144 96 Q -.855(AT) --.666 G(H).855 E F0 .19(is not used.)2.44 F(The)5.191 E F2<ad50>2.691 E -F0 .191(option causes)2.691 F F2(cd)2.691 E F0 .191(to use the ph)2.691 -F .191(ysical directory structure by resolving)-.05 F 1.12 -(symbolic links while tra)144 108 R -.15(ve)-.2 G(rsing).15 E F3(dir) -3.62 E F0 1.12(and before processing instances of)3.62 F F3(..)3.62 E F0 -(in)3.62 E F3(dir)3.62 E F0 1.12(\(see also the)3.62 F F2<ad50>3.62 E F0 -.395(option to the)144 120 R F2(set)2.895 E F0 -.2(bu)2.895 G .395 -(iltin command\); the).2 F F2<ad4c>2.895 E F0 .395 -(option forces symbolic links to be follo)2.895 F .395(wed by resolv-) --.25 F .444(ing the link after processing instances of)144 132 R F3(..) -2.943 E F0(in)2.943 E F3(dir)2.943 E F0 5.443(.I)C(f)-5.443 E F3(..) -2.943 E F0 .443(appears in)2.943 F F3(dir)2.943 E F0 2.943(,i)C 2.943 -(ti)-2.943 G 2.943(sp)-2.943 G .443(rocessed by remo)-2.943 F(ving)-.15 -E .744(the immediately pre)144 144 R .744(vious pathname component from) --.25 F F3(dir)3.244 E F0 3.244(,b)C .744(ack to a slash or the be)-3.244 -F .744(ginning of)-.15 F F3(dir)3.244 E F0(.)A 1.466(If the)144 156 R F2 -<ad65>3.966 E F0 1.466(option is supplied with)3.966 F F2<ad50>3.965 E -F0 3.965(,a)C 1.465(nd the current w)-3.965 F 1.465 -(orking directory cannot be successfully)-.1 F .467 -(determined after a successful directory change,)144 168 R F2(cd)2.968 E -F0 .468(will return an unsuccessful status.)2.968 F .468(On systems) -5.468 F .337(that support it, the)144 180 R F2<ad40>2.837 E F0 .336 -(option presents the e)2.836 F .336(xtended attrib)-.15 F .336 -(utes associated with a \214le as a directory)-.2 F(.)-.65 E .71(An ar) -144 192 R .71(gument of)-.18 F F2<ad>3.21 E F0 .71(is con)3.21 F -.15 -(ve)-.4 G .71(rted to).15 F F1($OLDPWD)3.21 E F0 .71 -(before the directory change is attempted.)2.96 F .71(If a non-)5.71 F -.107(empty directory name from)144 204 R F1(CDP)2.607 E -.855(AT)-.666 G -(H).855 E F0 .107(is used, or if)2.357 F F2<ad>2.607 E F0 .106 -(is the \214rst ar)2.607 F .106(gument, and the directory change)-.18 F -.038(is successful, the absolute pathname of the ne)144 216 R 2.538(ww) --.25 G .038(orking directory is written to the standard output.)-2.638 F -(The return v)144 228 Q(alue is true if the directory w)-.25 E -(as successfully changed; f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F2(command)108 -244.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255pVv)A F0(])A F3(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3 -(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 256.8 Q F3(command)2.765 E F0(with) -3.335 E F3(ar)2.895 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .065 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .827 +(the search path for the directory containing)144 84 R/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)3.676 E F0 3.326(:e).73 G .826 +(ach directory name in)-3.326 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CDP)3.326 E -.855 +(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .826(is searched for)3.076 F F1(dir)144 96 Q F0 +5.664(.A)C(lternati)-5.664 E .964 -.15(ve d)-.25 H .665 +(irectory names in).15 F F2(CDP)3.165 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 +.665(are separated by a colon \(:\).)2.915 F 3.165(An)5.665 G .665 +(ull directory name)-3.165 F(in)144 108 Q F2(CDP)3.102 E -.855(AT)-.666 +G(H).855 E F0 .602(is the same as the current directory)2.852 F 3.102 +(,i)-.65 G .602(.e., `)-3.102 F(`)-.74 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(.)A F0 +-.74('')C 5.602(.I).74 G(f)-5.602 E F1(dir)3.451 E F0(be)3.831 E .601 +(gins with a slash \(/\), then)-.15 F F2(CD-)3.101 E -.666(PA)144 120 S +(TH)-.189 E F0 1.003(is not used.)3.253 F(The)6.003 E F3<ad50>3.503 E F0 +1.003(option causes)3.503 F F3(cd)3.503 E F0 1.003(to use the ph)3.503 F +1.003(ysical directory structure by resolving)-.05 F .123 +(symbolic links while tra)144 132 R -.15(ve)-.2 G(rsing).15 E F1(dir) +2.623 E F0 .123(and before processing instances of)2.623 F F1(..)2.623 E +F0(in)2.623 E F1(dir)2.623 E F0 .123(\(see also the)2.623 F F3<ad50> +2.623 E F0(op-)2.622 E .429(tion to the)144 144 R F3(set)2.929 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.929 G .429(iltin command\); the).2 F F3<ad4c>2.929 E F0 .43 +(option forces symbolic links to be follo)2.929 F .43(wed by resolving) +-.25 F .473(the link after processing instances of)144 156 R F1(..)2.973 +E F0(in)2.973 E F1(dir)2.973 E F0 5.473(.I)C(f)-5.473 E F1(..)2.973 E F0 +.473(appears in)2.973 F F1(dir)2.972 E F0 2.972(,i)C 2.972(ti)-2.972 G +2.972(sp)-2.972 G .472(rocessed by remo)-2.972 F .472(ving the)-.15 F +.948(immediately pre)144 168 R .948(vious pathname component from)-.25 F +F1(dir)3.448 E F0 3.448(,b)C .948(ack to a slash or the be)-3.448 F .948 +(ginning of)-.15 F F1(dir)3.448 E F0 5.948(.I)C(f)-5.948 E(the)144 180 Q +F3<ad65>2.868 E F0 .368(option is supplied with)2.868 F F3<ad50>2.868 E +F0 2.868(,a)C .368(nd the current w)-2.868 F .368 +(orking directory cannot be successfully deter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E .612 +(mined after a successful directory change,)144 192 R F3(cd)3.112 E F0 +.612(will return an unsuccessful status.)3.112 F .613(On systems that) +5.612 F .354(support it, the)144 204 R F3<ad40>2.854 E F0 .354 +(option presents the e)2.854 F .354(xtended attrib)-.15 F .354 +(utes associated with a \214le as a directory)-.2 F 5.353(.A)-.65 G(n) +-5.353 E(ar)144 216 Q .072(gument of)-.18 F F3<ad>2.572 E F0 .072 +(is con)2.572 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .072(rted to).15 F F2($OLDPWD)2.572 E F0 +.072(before the directory change is attempted.)2.322 F .072 +(If a non-empty)5.072 F .055(directory name from)144 228 R F2(CDP)2.555 +E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F0 .055(is used, or if)2.305 F F3<ad>2.555 E +F0 .055(is the \214rst ar)2.555 F .054 +(gument, and the directory change is suc-)-.18 F .168 +(cessful, the absolute pathname of the ne)144 240 R 2.668(ww)-.25 G .168 +(orking directory is written to the standard output.)-2.768 F(The)5.168 +E(return v)144 252 Q(alue is true if the directory w)-.25 E +(as successfully changed; f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F3(command)108 +268.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(\255pVv)A F0(])A F1(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1 +(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Run)144 280.8 Q F1(command)2.765 E F0(with) +3.335 E F1(ar)2.895 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .065 (suppressing the normal shell function lookup.)2.835 F .064(Only b)5.064 -F .064(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .501(commands found in the)144 268.8 R -F1 -.666(PA)3.001 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.751 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F2<ad70>3.002 E F0 .502(option is gi) -3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .502(n, the search for).15 F F3(command)3.202 E -F0(is)3.772 E .4(performed using a def)144 280.8 R .4(ault v)-.1 F .4 -(alue for)-.25 F F1 -.666(PA)2.9 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .399 +F .064(uiltin commands or)-.2 F .501(commands found in the)144 292.8 R +F2 -.666(PA)3.001 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .502(are e)2.751 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +3.002(cuted. If).15 F(the)3.002 E F3<ad70>3.002 E F0 .502(option is gi) +3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .502(n, the search for).15 F F1(command)3.202 E +F0(is)3.772 E .4(performed using a def)144 304.8 R .4(ault v)-.1 F .4 +(alue for)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)2.9 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .399 (that is guaranteed to \214nd all of the standard utilities.)2.649 F(If) -5.399 E .174(either the)144 292.8 R F2<ad56>2.674 E F0(or)2.674 E F2 -<ad76>2.674 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.674 F F3 -(command)2.875 E F0 .175(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.175 E F2<ad76>2.675 E -F0 .175(option causes)2.675 F 3.318(as)144 304.8 S .818(ingle w)-3.318 F +5.399 E .174(either the)144 316.8 R F3<ad56>2.674 E F0(or)2.674 E F3 +<ad76>2.674 E F0 .175(option is supplied, a description of)2.674 F F1 +(command)2.875 E F0 .175(is printed.)3.445 F(The)5.175 E F3<ad76>2.675 E +F0 .175(option causes)2.675 F 3.318(as)144 328.8 S .818(ingle w)-3.318 F .817(ord indicating the command or \214lename used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo) --.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F3(command)3.617 E F0 .817(to be displayed; the)4.087 -F F2<ad56>144 316.8 Q F0 .249(option produces a more v)2.749 F .249 -(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.249 F F2<ad56>2.749 E F0(or) -2.749 E F2<ad76>2.75 E F0 .25(option is supplied, the e)2.75 F .25 -(xit status)-.15 F 1.005(is 0 if)144 328.8 R F3(command)3.705 E F0 -.1 +-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F1(command)3.617 E F0 .817(to be displayed; the)4.087 +F F3<ad56>144 340.8 Q F0 .249(option produces a more v)2.749 F .249 +(erbose description.)-.15 F .249(If the)5.249 F F3<ad56>2.749 E F0(or) +2.749 E F3<ad76>2.75 E F0 .25(option is supplied, the e)2.75 F .25 +(xit status)-.15 F 1.005(is 0 if)144 352.8 R F1(command)3.705 E F0 -.1 (wa)4.275 G 3.505(sf).1 G 1.005(ound, and 1 if not.)-3.505 F 1.004 -(If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or)6.005 F F3 -(command)144.2 340.8 Q F0 1.598(cannot be found, the e)4.868 F 1.599 +(If neither option is supplied and an error occurred or)6.005 F F1 +(command)144.2 364.8 Q F0 1.598(cannot be found, the e)4.868 F 1.599 (xit status is 127.)-.15 F 1.599(Otherwise, the e)6.599 F 1.599 -(xit status of the)-.15 F F2(command)4.099 E F0 -.2(bu)144 352.8 S -(iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F3(command)2.5 E F0(.).77 E F2 -(compgen)108 369.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F3(wor)-2.5 E(d) --.37 E F0(])A .013(Generate possible completion matches for)144 381.6 R -F3(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F3(option)2.513 +(xit status of the)-.15 F F3(command)4.099 E F0 -.2(bu)144 376.8 S +(iltin is the e).2 E(xit status of)-.15 E F1(command)2.7 E F0(.).77 E F3 +(compgen)108 393.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(wor)-2.5 E(d) +-.37 E F0(])A .013(Generate possible completion matches for)144 405.6 R +F1(wor)2.513 E(d)-.37 E F0 .013(according to the)2.513 F F1(option)2.513 E F0 .013(s, which may be an)B 2.512(yo)-.15 G(ption)-2.512 E .981 -(accepted by the)144 393.6 R F2(complete)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 -(iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F2<ad70>3.481 E F0(and) -3.481 E F2<ad72>3.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .982(nd write the matches to the) --3.481 F .131(standard output.)144 405.6 R .131(When using the)5.131 F -F2<ad46>2.631 E F0(or)2.631 E F2<ad43>2.631 E F0 .131(options, the v) +(accepted by the)144 417.6 R F3(complete)3.481 E F0 -.2(bu)3.481 G .981 +(iltin with the e).2 F .981(xception of)-.15 F F3<ad70>3.481 E F0(and) +3.481 E F3<ad72>3.481 E F0 3.481(,a)C .982(nd write the matches to the) +-3.481 F .131(standard output.)144 429.6 R .131(When using the)5.131 F +F3<ad46>2.631 E F0(or)2.631 E F3<ad43>2.631 E F0 .131(options, the v) 2.631 F .13(arious shell v)-.25 F .13(ariables set by the program-)-.25 -F(mable completion f)144 417.6 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G +F(mable completion f)144 441.6 Q(acilities, while a)-.1 E -.25(va)-.2 G (ilable, will not ha).25 E .3 -.15(ve u)-.2 H(seful v).15 E(alues.)-.25 -E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 441.6 R .352 +E .352(The matches will be generated in the same w)144 465.6 R .352 (ay as if the programmable completion code had gen-)-.1 F .02(erated th\ em directly from a completion speci\214cation with the same \215ags.)144 -453.6 R(If)5.02 E F3(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only) -2.52 F(those completions matching)144 465.6 Q F3(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 -(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 489.6 Q +477.6 R(If)5.02 E F1(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(is speci\214ed, only) +2.52 F(those completions matching)144 489.6 Q F1(wor)2.5 E(d)-.37 E F0 +(will be displayed.)2.5 E(The return v)144 513.6 Q (alue is true unless an in)-.25 E -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F2 -(complete)108 506.4 Q F0([)3.404 E F2(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 3.404(][)C -F2<ad6f>-3.404 E F3(comp-option)3.404 E F0 3.404(][)C F2(\255DEI)-3.404 -E F0 3.404(][)C F2<ad41>-3.404 E F3(action)3.404 E F0 3.404(][)C F2 -<ad47>-3.404 E F3(globpat)3.404 E F0 3.404(][)C F2<ad57>-3.404 E F3(wor) -3.404 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 3.405(][)C F2<ad46>-3.405 E F3(func-)3.405 E -(tion)108 518.4 Q F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43>-2.5 E F3(command)2.5 E F0(])A([) -144 530.4 Q F2<ad58>A F3(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad50>-2.5 E F3 -(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad53>-2.5 E F3(suf)2.5 E<8c78> --.18 E F0(])A F3(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F3(name ...)A F0(])A F2 -(complete \255pr)108 542.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255DEI)A F0 2.5(][)C F3 -(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .634(Specify ho)144 554.4 R 3.134(wa)-.25 G --.18(rg)-3.134 G .634(uments to each).18 F F3(name)3.134 E F0 .634 -(should be completed.)3.134 F .633(If the)5.634 F F2<ad70>3.133 E F0 -.633(option is supplied, or if no)3.133 F .139(options are supplied, e) -144 566.4 R .139(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w) --.15 F .14(ay that allo)-.1 F .14(ws them to be)-.25 F .31 -(reused as input.)144 578.4 R(The)5.31 E F2<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31 -(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.81(sac).15 G .31 -(ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F3(name)2.81 E F0 2.81(,o)C -1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E F3(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.207 -(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 590.4 R(The)6.207 E -F2<ad44>3.707 E F0 1.208(option indicates that other supplied options) -3.708 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 602.4 R(`def)-.74 E +(lid option is supplied, or no matches were generated.).25 E F3 +(complete)108 530.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(\255abcdefgjksuv)A F0 2.5(][)C F3 +<ad6f>-2.5 E F1(comp-option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3(\255DEI)-2.5 E F0 2.5 +(][)C F3<ad41>-2.5 E F1(action)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3<ad47>-2.5 E F1 +(globpat)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3<ad57>-2.5 E F1(wor)2.5 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 +(])A([)144 542.4 Q F3<ad46>A F1(function)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3<ad43>-2.5 +E F1(command)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F3<ad58>-2.5 E F1(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0 +2.5(][)C F3<ad50>-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E F0 2.5(][)C F3<ad53> +-2.5 E F1(suf)2.5 E<8c78>-.18 E F0(])A F1(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1 +(name ...)A F0(])A F3(complete \255pr)108 554.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F3(\255DEI) +A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .633(Specify ho)144 566.4 R +3.133(wa)-.25 G -.18(rg)-3.133 G .633(uments to each).18 F F1(name)3.133 +E F0 .633(should be completed.)3.133 F .634(If the)5.634 F F3<ad70>3.134 +E F0 .634(option is supplied, or if no)3.134 F .14 +(options are supplied, e)144 578.4 R .139 +(xisting completion speci\214cations are printed in a w)-.15 F .139 +(ay that allo)-.1 F .139(ws them to be)-.25 F .31(reused as input.)144 +590.4 R(The)5.31 E F3<ad72>2.81 E F0 .31(option remo)2.81 F -.15(ve)-.15 +G 2.81(sac).15 G .31(ompletion speci\214cation for each)-2.81 F F1(name) +2.81 E F0 2.81(,o)C 1.11 -.4(r, i)-2.81 H 2.81(fn).4 G(o)-2.81 E F1 +(name)2.81 E F0(s)A 1.208 +(are supplied, all completion speci\214cations.)144 602.4 R(The)6.208 E +F3<ad44>3.708 E F0 1.207(option indicates that other supplied options) +3.707 F .5(and actions should apply to the `)144 614.4 R(`def)-.74 E (ault')-.1 E 3('c)-.74 G .5 (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on)-3 F 3.455(ac)144 -614.4 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955 -(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F2<ad45>3.455 E F0 .955 +626.4 S .955(ommand for which no completion has pre)-3.455 F .955 +(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)5.955 E F3<ad45>3.455 E F0 .955 (option indicates that)3.455 F .876 -(other supplied options and actions should apply to `)144 626.4 R +(other supplied options and actions should apply to `)144 638.4 R (`empty')-.74 E 3.376('c)-.74 G .876(ommand completion; that is, com-) --3.376 F .447(pletion attempted on a blank line.)144 638.4 R(The)5.447 E -F2<ad49>2.947 E F0 .448 -(option indicates that other supplied options and actions)2.947 F 1.335 -(should apply to completion on the inital non-assignment w)144 650.4 R -1.334(ord on the line, or after a command)-.1 F .43(delimiter such as) -144 662.4 R F2(;)2.93 E F0(or)2.93 E F2(|)2.93 E F0 2.93(,w)C .431 -(hich is usually command name completion.)-2.93 F .431 -(If multiple options are sup-)5.431 F .708(plied, the)144 674.4 R F2 -<ad44>3.208 E F0 .708(option tak)3.208 F .708(es precedence o)-.1 F -.15 -(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F2<ad45>3.208 E F0 3.208(,a)C .708(nd both tak)-3.208 -F 3.208(ep)-.1 G .707(recedence o)-3.208 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F2 -<ad49>3.207 E F0 5.707(.I)C 3.207(fa)-5.707 G 1.007 -.15(ny o)-3.207 H -(f).15 E F2<ad44>3.207 E F0(,)A F2<ad45>144 686.4 Q F0 2.603(,o)C(r) --2.603 E F2<ad49>2.603 E F0 .103(are supplied, an)2.603 F 2.603(yo)-.15 -G(ther)-2.603 E F3(name)2.603 E F0(ar)2.603 E .103 +-3.376 F .448(pletion attempted on a blank line.)144 650.4 R(The)5.447 E +F3<ad49>2.947 E F0 .447 +(option indicates that other supplied options and actions)2.947 F .123 +(should apply to completion on the initial non-assignment w)144 662.4 R +.123(ord on the line, or after a command de-)-.1 F 1.021 +(limiter such as)144 674.4 R F3(;)3.521 E F0(or)3.521 E F3(|)3.521 E F0 +3.521(,w)C 1.021(hich is usually command name completion.)-3.521 F 1.02 +(If multiple options are sup-)6.02 F .707(plied, the)144 686.4 R F3 +<ad44>3.207 E F0 .707(option tak)3.207 F .707(es precedence o)-.1 F -.15 +(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F3<ad45>3.208 E F0 3.208(,a)C .708(nd both tak)-3.208 +F 3.208(ep)-.1 G .708(recedence o)-3.208 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(r).15 E F3 +<ad49>3.208 E F0 5.708(.I)C 3.208(fa)-5.708 G 1.008 -.15(ny o)-3.208 H +(f).15 E F3<ad44>3.208 E F0(,)A F3<ad45>144 698.4 Q F0 2.604(,o)C(r) +-2.604 E F3<ad49>2.604 E F0 .103(are supplied, an)2.603 F 2.603(yo)-.15 +G(ther)-2.603 E F1(name)2.603 E F0(ar)2.603 E .103 (guments are ignored; these completions only apply to the)-.18 F -(case speci\214ed by the option.)144 698.4 Q 1.438 -(The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144 -722.4 R 1.437(ord completion is attempted is)-.1 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q +(case speci\214ed by the option.)144 710.4 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q (2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(3)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 4 4 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -651,72 +653,74 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(described abo)144 84 Q .3 -.15(ve u)-.15 H -(nder).15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Pr)2.5 E(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E -F0(.)A .555(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 108 R .855 -.15(ve t) --.2 H .555(he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)5.555 F -.555(guments to the)-.18 F F1<ad47>3.056 E F0(,)A F1<ad57>3.056 E F0 -3.056(,a)C(nd)-3.056 E F1<ad58>3.056 E F0 .723 -(options \(and, if necessary)144 120 R 3.223(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.223 E F1 -<ad50>3.223 E F0(and)3.223 E F1<ad53>3.223 E F0 .722 -(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e)3.223 F(xpan-)-.15 E -(sion before the)144 132 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1<ad6f>144 144 Q/F2 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 156 Q F2(comp-option) -2.79 E F0 .291(controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .152 +(The process of applying these completion speci\214cations when w)144 84 +R .153(ord completion is attempted is de-)-.1 F(scribed abo)144 96 Q .3 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Pr)2.5 E +(ogrammable Completion)-.18 E F0(.)A .556 +(Other options, if speci\214ed, ha)144 120 R .856 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .555 +(he follo).15 F .555(wing meanings.)-.25 F .555(The ar)5.555 F .555 +(guments to the)-.18 F F1<ad47>3.055 E F0(,)A F1<ad57>3.055 E F0 3.055 +(,a)C(nd)-3.055 E F1<ad58>3.055 E F0 .722(options \(and, if necessary) +144 132 R 3.222(,t)-.65 G(he)-3.222 E F1<ad50>3.222 E F0(and)3.222 E F1 +<ad53>3.222 E F0 .723(options\) should be quoted to protect them from e) +3.222 F(xpan-)-.15 E(sion before the)144 144 Q F1(complete)2.5 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.5 G(iltin is in).2 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d.).1 E F1<ad6f>144 +156 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(comp-option)2.5 E F0(The)184 168 Q F2 +(comp-option)2.791 E F0 .291(controls se)2.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .291 (ral aspects of the compspec').15 F 2.791(sb)-.55 G(eha)-2.791 E .291 (vior be)-.2 F .291(yond the simple)-.15 F(generation of completions.) -184 168 Q F2(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 -180 Q F0 .281(Perform the rest of the def)224 192 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash) +184 180 Q F2(comp-option)5 E F0(may be one of:)2.5 E F1(bashdefault)184 +192 Q F0 .281(Perform the rest of the def)224 204 R(ault)-.1 E F1(bash) 2.781 E F0 .281(completions if the compspec generates no)2.781 F -(matches.)224 204 Q F1(default)184 216 Q F0 2.875(Use readline')224 216 -R 5.375(sd)-.55 G(ef)-5.375 E 2.876 +(matches.)224 216 Q F1(default)184 228 Q F0 2.876(Use readline')224 228 +R 5.376(sd)-.55 G(ef)-5.376 E 2.875 (ault \214lename completion if the compspec generates no)-.1 F(matches.) -224 228 Q F1(dir)184 240 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name compl\ -etion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 252 Q F1(\214lenames)184 -264 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 276 S .137(ll readline that the compspec generates \ -\214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.636<798c>-.15 G(le-)-2.636 E -.134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 288 R 2.634(ea)-.1 G .134 +224 240 Q F1(dir)184 252 Q(names)-.15 E F0(Perform directory name compl\ +etion if the compspec generates no matches.)224 264 Q F1(\214lenames)184 +276 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 288 S .137(ll readline that the compspec generates \ +\214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.637<798c>-.15 G(le-)-2.637 E +.134(name\255speci\214c processing \(lik)224 300 R 2.634(ea)-.1 G .134 (dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-)-2.634 F .45 -(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 300 R .45 -(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 312 Q F1(noquote) -184 324 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 324 S .814 +(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 312 R .45 +(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 324 Q F1(noquote) +184 336 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 336 S .814 (ll readline not to quote the completed w).7 F .814(ords if the)-.1 F -3.314(ya)-.15 G .815(re \214lenames \(quoting)-3.314 F -(\214lenames is the def)224 336 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nosort)184 348 Q F0 --.7(Te)224 348 S(ll readline not to sort the list of possible completio\ -ns alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 360 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 360 S +3.314(ya)-.15 G .814(re \214lenames \(quoting)-3.314 F +(\214lenames is the def)224 348 Q(ault\).)-.1 E F1(nosort)184 360 Q F0 +-.7(Te)224 360 S(ll readline not to sort the list of possible completio\ +ns alphabetically).7 E(.)-.65 E F1(nospace)184 372 Q F0 -.7(Te)224 372 S .22(ll readline not to append a space \(the def).7 F .22(ault\) to w)-.1 -F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 372 Q F1 -(plusdirs)184 384 Q F0 1.985(After an)224 384 R 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985 +F .22(ords completed at the end)-.1 F(of the line.)224 384 Q F1 +(plusdirs)184 396 Q F0 1.985(After an)224 396 R 4.485(ym)-.15 G 1.985 (atches de\214ned by the compspec are generated, directory name)-4.485 F -.584(completion is attempted and an)224 396 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 -(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 408 -Q F1<ad41>144 420 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 432 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0 +.583(completion is attempted and an)224 408 R 3.084(ym)-.15 G .584 +(atches are added to the results of the other)-3.084 F(actions.)224 420 +Q F1<ad41>144 432 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0(The)184 444 Q F2(action)2.5 E F0 (may be one of the follo)2.5 E (wing to generate a list of possible completions:)-.25 E F1(alias)184 -444 Q F0(Alias names.)224 444 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61> -2.5 E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 456 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 468 Q -(ariable names.)-.25 E F1(binding)184 480 Q(Readline)224 480 Q F0 -.1 -(ke)2.5 G 2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 492 S(iltin) -.2 E F0(Names of shell b)224 492 Q(uiltin commands.)-.2 E -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 504 -Q F0(Command names.)224 516 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 -E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 528 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 540 Q -(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 552 -Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 564 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184 -576 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)224 576 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184 -588 Q F0(Names of e)224 588 Q(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. May) +456 Q F0(Alias names.)224 456 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad61> +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(arrayv)184 468 Q(ar)-.1 E F0(Array v)224 480 Q +(ariable names.)-.25 E F1(binding)184 492 Q(Readline)224 492 Q F0 -.1 +(ke)2.5 G 2.5(yb)-.05 G(inding names.)-2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)184 504 S(iltin) +.2 E F0(Names of shell b)224 504 Q(uiltin commands.)-.2 E +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(command)184 516 +Q F0(Command names.)224 528 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(dir)184 540 Q(ectory)-.18 E F0(Directory names.)224 552 Q +(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(disabled)184 564 +Q F0(Names of disabled shell b)224 576 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(enabled)184 +588 Q F0(Names of enabled shell b)224 588 Q(uiltins.)-.2 E F1(export)184 +600 Q F0(Names of e)224 600 Q(xported shell v)-.15 E 2.5(ariables. May) -.25 F(also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(\214le)184 -600 Q F0(File names.)224 600 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66> -2.5 E F0(.)A F1(function)184 612 Q F0(Names of shell functions.)224 624 -Q F1(gr)184 636 Q(oup)-.18 E F0(Group names.)224 636 Q +612 Q F0(File names.)224 612 Q(May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad66> +2.5 E F0(.)A F1(function)184 624 Q F0(Names of shell functions.)224 636 +Q F1(gr)184 648 Q(oup)-.18 E F0(Group names.)224 648 Q (May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad67>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(helptopic)184 -648 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 660 Q F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 672 Q F0(Hostnames, as tak)224 684 +660 Q F0(Help topics as accepted by the)224 672 Q F1(help)2.5 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1(hostname)184 684 Q F0(Hostnames, as tak)224 696 Q(en from the \214le speci\214ed by the)-.1 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(job)184 696 Q F0 -(Job names, if job control is acti)224 696 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.M).15 G +(HOSTFILE)2.5 E F0(shell v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(job)184 708 Q F0 +(Job names, if job control is acti)224 708 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 5(.M).15 G (ay also be speci\214ed as)-5 E F1<ad6a>2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(4)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 5 5 @@ -741,95 +745,95 @@ F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1 (May also be speci\214ed as)5 E F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(va)184 192 S (riable).1 E F0(Names of all shell v)224 192 Q 2.5(ariables. May)-.25 F (also be speci\214ed as)2.5 E F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad43>144 204 Q/F2 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E(command)184 216 Q F0 1.055(is e)3.555 -F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.055(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E(command)184 216 Q F0 1.056(is e)3.556 +F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.056(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 1.056 (vironment, and its output is used as the possible)-.4 F(completions.) -184 228 Q F1<ad46>144 240 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 .114 +184 228 Q F1<ad46>144 240 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0 .113 (The shell function)184 252 R F2(function)2.614 E F0 .114(is e)2.614 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .114(cuted in the current shell en).15 F 2.614 -(vironment. When)-.4 F .113(the func-)2.613 F .816(tion is e)184 264 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .816(cuted, the \214rst ar).15 F .816(gument \()-.18 F F1 -($1)A F0 3.316(\)i)C 3.316(st)-3.316 G .817 +(vironment. When)-.4 F .114(the func-)2.614 F .817(tion is e)184 264 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .817(cuted, the \214rst ar).15 F .817(gument \()-.18 F F1 +($1)A F0 3.316(\)i)C 3.316(st)-3.316 G .816 (he name of the command whose ar)-3.316 F(guments)-.18 E 1.407 (are being completed, the second ar)184 276 R 1.407(gument \()-.18 F F1 ($2)A F0 3.907(\)i)C 3.907(st)-3.907 G 1.407(he w)-3.907 F 1.407 -(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .103(third ar)184 288 R .103 -(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.603(\)i)C 2.603(st)-2.603 G .103(he w) --2.603 F .104(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .104 -(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .102(mand line.)184 300 R -.102(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.102 F --.15(ve)-.25 G 2.601(df).15 G .101(rom the v)-2.601 F .101(alue of the) +(ord being completed, and the)-.1 F .104(third ar)184 288 R .104 +(gument \()-.18 F F1($3)A F0 2.604(\)i)C 2.604(st)-2.604 G .104(he w) +-2.604 F .104(ord preceding the w)-.1 F .103 +(ord being completed on the current com-)-.1 F .101(mand line.)184 300 R +.101(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.101 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.602(df).15 G .102(rom the v)-2.602 F .102(alue of the) -.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMPREPL)184 312 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 -E(ariable.)-.25 E F1<ad47>144 324 Q F2(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.007 -(The pathname e)184 336 R 1.007(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat)3.507 -E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F 1.008(xpanded to generate the possible comple-) +E(ariable.)-.25 E F1<ad47>144 324 Q F2(globpat)2.5 E F0 1.008 +(The pathname e)184 336 R 1.008(xpansion pattern)-.15 F F2(globpat)3.507 +E F0 1.007(is e)3.507 F 1.007(xpanded to generate the possible comple-) -.15 F(tions.)184 348 Q F1<ad50>144 360 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(e\214x)-.37 E(pr) -184 372 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .535(is added at the be)3.035 F .534 +184 372 Q(e\214x)-.37 E F0 .534(is added at the be)3.034 F .534 (ginning of each possible completion after all other options ha)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(been applied.)184 384 Q F1<ad53>144 396 Q F2(suf)2.5 E <8c78>-.18 E(suf)184 396 Q<8c78>-.18 E F0 (is appended to each possible completion after all other options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een applied.).15 E F1<ad57>144 408 Q F2(wor)2.5 E -(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 420 Q F2(wor)3.639 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 -(is split using the characters in the)3.639 F F3(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.14 -(special v)3.39 F 1.14(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F .981 -(each resultant w)184 432 R .981(ord is e)-.1 F 3.481(xpanded. Shell) --.15 F .981(quoting is honored within)3.481 F F2(wor)3.481 E(dlist)-.37 -E F0 3.48(,i)C 3.48(no)-3.48 G .98(rder to)-3.48 F(pro)184 444 Q .765 -(vide a mechanism for the w)-.15 F .766 +(dlist)-.37 E F0(The)184 420 Q F2(wor)3.64 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 1.14 +(is split using the characters in the)3.64 F F3(IFS)3.64 E F0 1.139 +(special v)3.39 F 1.139(ariable as delimiters, and)-.25 F .98 +(each resultant w)184 432 R .98(ord is e)-.1 F 3.481(xpanded. Shell)-.15 +F .981(quoting is honored within)3.481 F F2(wor)3.481 E(dlist)-.37 E F0 +3.481(,i)C 3.481(no)-3.481 G .981(rder to)-3.481 F(pro)184 444 Q .766 +(vide a mechanism for the w)-.15 F .765 (ords to contain shell metacharacters or characters in the)-.1 F -.25 -(va)184 456 S 1.965(lue of).25 F F3(IFS)4.465 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) +(va)184 456 S 1.964(lue of).25 F F3(IFS)4.464 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.) A F0 1.964 (The possible completions are the members of the resultant list which) -6.465 F(match the w)184 468 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E F1<ad58>144 480 -Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 492 Q F0 .455 -(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.955 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 F -.456(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596 +6.464 F(match the w)184 468 Q(ord being completed.)-.1 E F1<ad58>144 480 +Q F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E(\214lterpat)184 492 Q F0 .456 +(is a pattern as used for pathname e)2.956 F 2.956(xpansion. It)-.15 F +.455(is applied to the list of possible)2.956 F 1.596 (completions generated by the preceding options and ar)184 504 R 1.596 (guments, and each completion)-.18 F(matching)184 516 Q F2(\214lterpat) -3.204 E F0 .704(is remo)3.204 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.204(df).15 G .704 -(rom the list.)-3.204 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0 -(in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.205 E F0(ne)3.205 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .705 +3.205 E F0 .705(is remo)3.205 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.205(df).15 G .704 +(rom the list.)-3.205 F 3.204(Al)5.704 G(eading)-3.204 E F1(!)3.204 E F0 +(in)3.204 E F2(\214lterpat)3.204 E F0(ne)3.204 E -.05(ga)-.15 G .704 (tes the pattern;).05 F(in this case, an)184 528 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G (ompletion not matching)-2.5 E F2(\214lterpat)2.5 E F0(is remo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .467(The return v)144 544.8 R .467 +-.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .466(The return v)144 544.8 R .466 (alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .466 -(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.966 E F0 -(or)2.966 E F1<ad72>2.966 E F0 .466(is sup-)2.966 F 1.361 -(plied without a)144 556.8 R F2(name)3.861 E F0(ar)3.861 E 1.361 -(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.662 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H -1.362(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 568.8 Q F0 +(lid option is supplied, an option other than).25 F F1<ad70>2.967 E F0 +(or)2.967 E F1<ad72>2.967 E F0 .467(is sup-)2.967 F 1.362 +(plied without a)144 556.8 R F2(name)3.862 E F0(ar)3.862 E 1.361 +(gument, an attempt is made to remo)-.18 F 1.661 -.15(ve a c)-.15 H +1.361(ompletion speci\214cation for a).15 F F2(name)144 568.8 Q F0 (for which no speci\214cation e)2.5 E (xists, or an error occurs adding a completion speci\214cation.)-.15 E F1(compopt)108 585.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6f>A F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255DEI)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(])A .447(Modify completion options for each)144 597.6 R F2(name)2.947 E F0 .447(according to the)2.947 F F2(option)2.947 E F0 -.447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .725 -(completion if no)144 609.6 R F2(name)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa)C .725 -(re supplied.)-3.225 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) -C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .726 +.447(s, or for the currently-e)B -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E .726 +(completion if no)144 609.6 R F2(name)3.226 E F0 3.226(sa)C .726 +(re supplied.)-3.226 F .725(If no)5.725 F F2(option)3.225 E F0 3.225(sa) +C .725(re gi)-3.225 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .725 (n, display the completion options for).15 F(each)144 621.6 Q F2(name) -3.224 E F0 .724(or the current completion.)3.224 F .724(The possible v) +3.223 E F0 .723(or the current completion.)3.223 F .724(The possible v) 5.724 F .724(alues of)-.25 F F2(option)3.224 E F0 .724(are those v)3.224 -F .723(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.223 E(plete)144 633.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) -2.677 G .177(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.178(.T).15 G(he) +F .724(alid for the)-.25 F F1(com-)3.224 E(plete)144 633.6 Q F0 -.2(bu) +2.678 G .178(iltin described abo).2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.178(.T).15 G(he) -5.178 E F1<ad44>2.678 E F0 .178 (option indicates that other supplied options should apply to)2.678 F -1.228(the `)144 645.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.728('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ +1.227(the `)144 645.6 R(`def)-.74 E(ault')-.1 E 3.727('c)-.74 G 1.228(o\ mmand completion; that is, completion attempted on a command for which \ -no)-3.728 F 2.038(completion has pre)144 657.6 R 2.038 -(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.038 E F1<ad45>4.538 E F0 2.039 -(option indicates that other supplied options)4.538 F 1.539 -(should apply to `)144 669.6 R(`empty')-.74 E 4.039('c)-.74 G 1.538 +no)-3.727 F 2.039(completion has pre)144 657.6 R 2.039 +(viously been de\214ned.)-.25 F(The)7.038 E F1<ad45>4.538 E F0 2.038 +(option indicates that other supplied options)4.538 F 1.538 +(should apply to `)144 669.6 R(`empty')-.74 E 4.038('c)-.74 G 1.539 (ommand completion; that is, completion attempted on a blank line.) --4.039 F(The)144 681.6 Q F1<ad49>3.205 E F0 .705(option indicates that \ -other supplied options should apply to completion on the inital non-) -3.205 F .868(assignment w)144 693.6 R .868 +-4.038 F(The)144 681.6 Q F1<ad49>3.02 E F0 .52(option indicates that ot\ +her supplied options should apply to completion on the initial non-)3.02 +F .867(assignment w)144 693.6 R .868 (ord on the line, or after a command delimiter such as)-.1 F F1(;)3.368 -E F0(or)3.368 E F1(|)3.368 E F0 3.367(,w)C .867(hich is usually com-) --3.367 F(mand name completion.)144 705.6 Q 1.387(The return v)144 729.6 -R 1.387(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.388 +E F0(or)3.368 E F1(|)3.368 E F0 3.368(,w)C .868(hich is usually com-) +-3.368 F(mand name completion.)144 705.6 Q 1.388(The return v)144 729.6 +R 1.388(alue is true unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.387 (lid option is supplied, an attempt is made to modify the).25 F (GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(5)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 6 6 @@ -841,239 +845,247 @@ BP E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(options for a)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)2.5 E F0(for which no completion speci\214cation e)2.5 E (xists, or an output error occurs.)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(continue)108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A 1.754(Resume the ne)144 -112.8 R 1.754(xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F2 -.25(fo)4.254 G(r) -.25 E F0(,)A F2(while)4.254 E F0(,)A F2(until)4.254 E F0 4.254(,o)C(r) --4.254 E F2(select)4.254 E F0 4.253(loop. If)4.254 F F1(n)4.613 E F0 -1.753(is speci\214ed,)4.493 F 1.208(resume at the)144 124.8 R F1(n)3.709 -E F0 1.209(th enclosing loop.)B F1(n)6.569 E F0 1.209(must be)3.949 F/F3 -10/Symbol SF<b3>3.709 E F0 3.709(1. If)3.709 F F1(n)4.069 E F0 1.209 -(is greater than the number of enclosing)3.949 F .514 -(loops, the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 136.8 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(l').15 E 3.014('l)-.74 G .514(oop\) is resumed.)-3.014 F .513 -(The return v)5.513 F .513(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F1(n)3.013 E F0(is) -3.013 E(not greater than or equal to 1.)144 148.8 Q F2(declar)108 165.6 -Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad70>-2.5 E -F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E F2 -(typeset)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aAfFgilnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F2 +(continue)108 100.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A .85(Resume the ne)144 +112.8 R .85(xt iteration of the enclosing)-.15 F F2 -.25(fo)3.35 G(r).25 +E F0(,)A F2(while)3.351 E F0(,)A F2(until)3.351 E F0 3.351(,o)C(r)-3.351 +E F2(select)3.351 E F0 3.351(loop. If)3.351 F F1(n)3.711 E F0 .851 +(is speci\214ed, re-)3.591 F .204(sume at the)144 124.8 R F1(n)2.704 E +F0 .204(th enclosing loop.)B F1(n)5.564 E F0 .204(must be)2.944 F/F3 10 +/Symbol SF<b3>2.704 E F0 2.703(1. If)2.704 F F1(n)3.063 E F0 .203 +(is greater than the number of enclosing loops,)2.943 F 1.183 +(the last enclosing loop \(the `)144 136.8 R(`top-le)-.74 E -.15(ve)-.25 +G(l').15 E 3.683('l)-.74 G 1.183(oop\) is resumed.)-3.683 F 1.184 +(The return v)6.184 F 1.184(alue is 0 unless)-.25 F F1(n)3.684 E F0 +1.184(is not)3.684 F(greater than or equal to 1.)144 148.8 Q F2(declar) +108 165.6 Q(e)-.18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aAfFgiIlnrtux)A F0 2.5(][)C F2 <ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(..])-2.5 E 1.264(Declare v)144 189.6 R 1.264(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F -1.564 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.264(hem attrib).15 F 3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no) -3.765 E F1(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 -G 3.765(nt).15 G 1.265(hen display the v)-3.765 F 1.265(alues of)-.25 F --.25(va)144 201.6 S 3.483(riables. The).25 F F2<ad70>3.483 E F0 .983 -(option will display the attrib)3.483 F .983(utes and v)-.2 F .982 -(alues of each)-.25 F F1(name)3.482 E F0 5.982(.W).18 G(hen)-5.982 E F2 -<ad70>3.482 E F0 .982(is used)3.482 F(with)144 213.6 Q F1(name)2.774 E -F0(ar)2.774 E .274(guments, additional options, other than)-.18 F F2 -<ad66>2.775 E F0(and)2.775 E F2<ad46>2.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .275 -(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When)5.275 E F2<ad70>2.775 E F0 .275(is supplied) -2.775 F(without)144 225.6 Q F1(name)4.814 E F0(ar)4.814 E 2.314 -(guments, it will display the attrib)-.18 F 2.314(utes and v)-.2 F 2.313 -(alues of all v)-.25 F 2.313(ariables ha)-.25 F 2.313(ving the)-.2 F -(attrib)144 237.6 Q 1.181(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.) --.2 F 1.182(If no other options are supplied with)6.181 F F2<ad70>3.682 -E F0(,)A F2(declar)3.682 E(e)-.18 E F0 .62(will display the attrib)144 -249.6 R .62(utes and v)-.2 F .62(alues of all shell v)-.25 F 3.12 -(ariables. The)-.25 F F2<ad66>3.12 E F0 .62 -(option will restrict the display)3.12 F 1.29(to shell functions.)144 -261.6 R(The)6.29 E F2<ad46>3.79 E F0 1.291(option inhibits the display \ -of function de\214nitions; only the function)3.791 F .948 -(name and attrib)144 273.6 R .948(utes are printed.)-.2 F .948(If the) -5.948 F F2(extdeb)3.448 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .948 -(shell option is enabled using)3.448 F F2(shopt)3.448 E F0 3.448(,t)C -.948(he source)-3.448 F 1.69(\214le name and line number where each)144 -285.6 R F1(name)4.19 E F0 1.69(is de\214ned are displayed as well.)4.19 -F(The)6.69 E F2<ad46>4.19 E F0(option)4.19 E(implies)144 297.6 Q F2 -<ad66>3.892 E F0 6.392(.T)C(he)-6.392 E F2<ad67>3.892 E F0 1.391 -(option forces v)3.892 F 1.391 +(..])-2.5 E F2(typeset)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aAfFgiIlnrtux)A F0 +2.5(][)C F2<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 +2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E 1.265(Declare v)144 189.6 R 1.265 +(ariables and/or gi)-.25 F 1.565 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 1.265(hem attrib).15 F +3.765(utes. If)-.2 F(no)3.765 E F1(name)3.765 E F0 3.765(sa)C 1.265 +(re gi)-3.765 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.764(nt).15 G 1.264(hen display the v) +-3.764 F 1.264(alues of)-.25 F -.25(va)144 201.6 S 3.46(riables. The).25 +F F2<ad70>3.46 E F0 .96(option will display the attrib)3.46 F .96 +(utes and v)-.2 F .96(alues of each)-.25 F F1(name)3.82 E F0 5.96(.W).18 +G(hen)-5.96 E F2<ad70>3.46 E F0 .96(is used)3.46 F(with)144 213.6 Q F1 +(name)2.775 E F0(ar)2.775 E .275 +(guments, additional options, other than)-.18 F F2<ad66>2.775 E F0(and) +2.775 E F2<ad46>2.775 E F0 2.775(,a)C .274(re ignored.)-2.775 F(When) +5.274 E F2<ad70>2.774 E F0 .274(is supplied)2.774 F(without)144 225.6 Q +F1(name)3.789 E F0(ar)3.789 E 1.289(guments, it will display the attrib) +-.18 F 1.289(utes and v)-.2 F 1.29(alues of all v)-.25 F 1.29 +(ariables ha)-.25 F 1.29(ving the at-)-.2 F(trib)144 237.6 Q .38 +(utes speci\214ed by the additional options.)-.2 F .38 +(If no other options are supplied with)5.38 F F2<ad70>2.88 E F0(,)A F2 +(declar)2.88 E(e)-.18 E F0(will)2.88 E 1.106(display the attrib)144 +249.6 R 1.106(utes and v)-.2 F 1.106(alues of all shell v)-.25 F 3.606 +(ariables. The)-.25 F F2<ad66>3.606 E F0 1.107 +(option will restrict the display to)3.606 F .3(shell functions.)144 +261.6 R(The)5.3 E F2<ad46>2.8 E F0 .299(option inhibits the display of \ +function de\214nitions; only the function name)2.8 F 1.54(and attrib)144 +273.6 R 1.54(utes are printed.)-.2 F 1.54(If the)6.54 F F2(extdeb)4.04 E +(ug)-.2 E F0 1.54(shell option is enabled using)4.04 F F2(shopt)4.04 E +F0 4.04(,t)C 1.54(he source \214le)-4.04 F .648 +(name and line number where each)144 285.6 R F1(name)3.148 E F0 .648 +(is de\214ned are displayed as well.)3.148 F(The)5.648 E F2<ad46>3.148 E +F0 .648(option implies)3.148 F F2<ad66>144 297.6 Q F0 5.836(.T)C(he) +-5.836 E F2<ad67>3.336 E F0 .836(option forces v)3.336 F .837 (ariables to be created or modi\214ed at the global scope, e)-.25 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E(when)144 309.6 Q F2(declar)4.382 E(e)-.18 E F0 1.882 -(is e)4.382 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.882(cuted in a shell function.).15 F -1.883(It is ignored in all other cases.)6.882 F 1.883(The follo)6.883 F -(wing)-.25 E .794(options can be used to restrict output to v)144 321.6 -R .794(ariables with the speci\214ed attrib)-.25 F .793(ute or to gi)-.2 -F 1.093 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables)-.1 E(attrib)144 333.6 Q(utes:)-.2 E -F2<ad61>144 345.6 Q F0(Each)180 345.6 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 -E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F2 -(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F2<ad41>144 357.6 Q -F0(Each)180 357.6 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a) --.25 H(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F2(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F2<ad66>144 369.6 Q F0(Use function names only) -180 369.6 Q(.)-.65 E F2<ad69>144 381.6 Q F0 .557(The v)180 381.6 R .558 +(ve)-.25 G 3.337(nw).15 G(hen)-3.337 E F2(de-)3.337 E(clar)144 309.6 Q +(e)-.18 E F0 .819(is e)3.319 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .819 +(cuted in a shell function.).15 F .818 +(It is ignored in all other cases.)5.818 F(The)5.818 E F2<ad49>3.318 E +F0 .818(option causes local)3.318 F -.25(va)144 321.6 S .693 +(riables to inherit the attrib).25 F .693(utes \(e)-.2 F .693(xcept the) +-.15 F F1(namer)3.194 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.194 E .694(ute\) and v)-.2 +F .694(alue of an)-.25 F 3.194(ye)-.15 G .694(xisting v)-3.344 F +(ariable)-.25 E .82(with the same)144 333.6 R F1(name)3.32 E F0 .82 +(at a surrounding scope.)3.32 F .82(If there is no e)5.82 F .82 +(xisting v)-.15 F .82(ariable, the local v)-.25 F .82(ariable is)-.25 F +.379(initially unset.)144 345.6 R .379(The follo)5.379 F .379 +(wing options can be used to restrict output to v)-.25 F .38 +(ariables with the speci\214ed)-.25 F(attrib)144 357.6 Q(ute or to gi) +-.2 E .3 -.15(ve v)-.25 H(ariables attrib)-.1 E(utes:)-.2 E F2<ad61>144 +369.6 Q F0(Each)180 369.6 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0(is an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe) +-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray v)-2.5 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F2(Arrays)2.5 E +F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F2<ad41>144 381.6 Q F0(Each)180 +381.6 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0(is an associati)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H +(rray v).15 E(ariable \(see)-.25 E F2(Arrays)2.5 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve) +-.15 G(\).).15 E F2<ad66>144 393.6 Q F0(Use function names only)180 +393.6 Q(.)-.65 E F2<ad69>144 405.6 Q F0 .558(The v)180 405.6 R .558 (ariable is treated as an inte)-.25 F .558(ger; arithmetic e)-.15 F -.25 -(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .558 -(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)180 393.6 Q F0(abo) +(va)-.25 G .558(luation \(see).25 F/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .557 +(ARITHMETIC EV)3.058 F(ALU)-1.215 E(A-)-.54 E(TION)180 417.6 Q F0(abo) 2.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\)i).15 G 2.5(sp)-2.5 G(erformed when the v) --2.5 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F2<ad6c>144 405.6 Q -F0 .91(When the v)180 405.6 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 +-2.5 E(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 E(alue.)-.25 E F2<ad6c>144 429.6 Q +F0 .909(When the v)180 429.6 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909 (alue, all upper)-.25 F .909(-case characters are con)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.4 -G .909(rted to lo).15 F(wer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 417.6 R -(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F2<ad6e>144 429.6 -Q F0(Gi)180 429.6 Q 1.619 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F1(name)3.819 E F0 -(the)3.819 E F1(namer)3.819 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319 -(ute, making it a name reference to another v)-.2 F(ariable.)-.25 E -1.519(That other v)180 441.6 R 1.519(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 -F 1.518(alue of)-.25 F F1(name)4.018 E F0 6.518(.A)C 1.518 -(ll references, assignments, and)-6.518 F(attrib)180 453.6 Q .226 -(ute modi\214cations to)-.2 F F1(name)2.726 E F0 2.726(,e)C .226 -(xcept those using or changing the)-2.876 F F2<ad6e>2.726 E F0(attrib) -2.726 E .227(ute itself, are)-.2 F .809(performed on the v)180 465.6 R -.809(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F1(name)3.308 E F0 1.908 -.55('s v)D -3.308(alue. The).3 F .808(nameref attrib)3.308 F .808(ute cannot be)-.2 -F(applied to array v)180 477.6 Q(ariables.)-.25 E F2<ad72>144 489.6 Q F0 -(Mak)180 489.6 Q(e)-.1 E F1(name)5.046 E F0 5.046(sr)C(eadonly)-5.046 E -7.546(.T)-.65 G 2.546(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-7.546 F -2.547(alues by subsequent)-.25 F(assignment statements or unset.)180 -501.6 Q F2<ad74>144 513.6 Q F0(Gi)180 513.6 Q .73 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach) -.15 E F1(name)2.93 E F0(the)2.929 E F1(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib) +G .91(rted to lo).15 F(wer)-.25 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 441.6 R +(upper)2.5 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F2<ad6e>144 453.6 +Q F0(Gi)180 453.6 Q 1.62 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach).15 E F1(name)3.82 E F0 +(the)3.82 E F1(namer)3.819 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)3.819 E 1.319 +(ute, making it a name reference to another v)-.2 F(ariable.)-.25 E .477 +(That other v)180 465.6 R .478(ariable is de\214ned by the v)-.25 F .478 +(alue of)-.25 F F1(name)2.978 E F0 5.478(.A)C .478 +(ll references, assignments, and at-)-5.478 F(trib)180 477.6 Q .782 +(ute modi\214cations to)-.2 F F1(name)3.282 E F0 3.282(,e)C .782 +(xcept those using or changing the)-3.432 F F2<ad6e>3.281 E F0(attrib) +3.281 E .781(ute itself, are)-.2 F .808(performed on the v)180 489.6 R +.808(ariable referenced by)-.25 F F1(name)3.308 E F0 1.908 -.55('s v)D +3.308(alue. The).3 F .809(nameref attrib)3.309 F .809(ute cannot be)-.2 +F(applied to array v)180 501.6 Q(ariables.)-.25 E F2<ad72>144 513.6 Q F0 +(Mak)180 513.6 Q(e)-.1 E F1(name)3.655 E F0 3.655(sr)C(eadonly)-3.655 E +6.154(.T)-.65 G 1.154(hese names cannot then be assigned v)-6.154 F +1.154(alues by subsequent as-)-.25 F(signment statements or unset.)180 +525.6 Q F2<ad74>144 537.6 Q F0(Gi)180 537.6 Q .729 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(ach) +.15 E F1(name)2.929 E F0(the)2.929 E F1(tr)2.929 E(ace)-.15 E F0(attrib) 2.929 E 2.929(ute. T)-.2 F .429(raced functions inherit the)-.35 F F2 -(DEB)2.929 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.929 E F2(RETURN)2.929 E F0 -(traps from the calling shell.)180 525.6 Q(The trace attrib)5 E +(DEB)2.929 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.93 E F2(RETURN)2.93 E F0 +(traps from the calling shell.)180 549.6 Q(The trace attrib)5 E (ute has no special meaning for v)-.2 E(ariables.)-.25 E F2<ad75>144 -537.6 Q F0 .909(When the v)180 537.6 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 +561.6 Q F0 .91(When the v)180 561.6 R .909(ariable is assigned a v)-.25 F .909(alue, all lo)-.25 F(wer)-.25 E .909(-case characters are con)-.2 -F -.15(ve)-.4 G .91(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 549.6 +F -.15(ve)-.4 G .909(rted to upper).15 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(case. The)180 573.6 R(lo)2.5 E(wer)-.25 E(-case attrib)-.2 E(ute is disabled.)-.2 E F2<ad78> -144 561.6 Q F0(Mark)180 561.6 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E -(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .144 -(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 578.4 R 2.643(ft)-.25 G .143 -(he attrib)-2.643 F .143(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .143 -(xceptions that)-.15 F F2(+a)2.643 E F0(and)2.643 E F2(+A)2.643 E F0 -.143(may not)2.643 F .578(be used to destro)144 590.4 R 3.079(ya)-.1 G +144 585.6 Q F0(Mark)180 585.6 Q F1(name)2.5 E F0 2.5(sf)C(or e)-2.5 E +(xport to subsequent commands via the en)-.15 E(vironment.)-.4 E .143 +(Using `+' instead of `\255' turns of)144 602.4 R 2.643(ft)-.25 G .143 +(he attrib)-2.643 F .143(ute instead, with the e)-.2 F .144 +(xceptions that)-.15 F F2(+a)2.644 E F0(and)2.644 E F2(+A)2.644 E F0 +.144(may not)2.644 F .579(be used to destro)144 614.4 R 3.079(ya)-.1 G .579(rray v)-3.079 F .579(ariables and)-.25 F F2(+r)3.079 E F0 .579 (will not remo)3.079 F .879 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .579(he readonly attrib).15 -F 3.079(ute. When)-.2 F .579(used in a)3.079 F(function,)144 602.4 Q F2 -(declar)3.544 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.544 E F2(typeset)3.544 E F0(mak)3.544 -E 3.544(ee)-.1 G(ach)-3.544 E F1(name)3.543 E F0 1.043 -(local, as with the)3.543 F F2(local)3.543 E F0 1.043 -(command, unless the)3.543 F F2<ad67>3.543 E F0 1.205 -(option is supplied.)144 614.4 R 1.205(If a v)6.205 F 1.205 +F 3.079(ute. When)-.2 F .578(used in a)3.078 F(function,)144 626.4 Q F2 +(declar)3.543 E(e)-.18 E F0(and)3.543 E F2(typeset)3.543 E F0(mak)3.543 +E 3.543(ee)-.1 G(ach)-3.543 E F1(name)3.543 E F0 1.043 +(local, as with the)3.543 F F2(local)3.544 E F0 1.044 +(command, unless the)3.544 F F2<ad67>3.544 E F0 1.205 +(option is supplied.)144 638.4 R 1.205(If a v)6.205 F 1.205 (ariable name is follo)-.25 F 1.205(wed by =)-.25 F F1(value)A F0 3.705 (,t)C 1.205(he v)-3.705 F 1.205(alue of the v)-.25 F 1.205 -(ariable is set to)-.25 F F1(value)144 626.4 Q F0 5.218(.W)C .218 -(hen using)-5.218 F F2<ad61>2.718 E F0(or)2.718 E F2<ad41>2.718 E F0 -.217(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)2.717 F .217 -(ariables, addi-)-.25 F .882(tional attrib)144 638.4 R .882 +(ariable is set to)-.25 F F1(value)144 650.4 Q F0 5.217(.W)C .217 +(hen using)-5.217 F F2<ad61>2.717 E F0(or)2.717 E F2<ad41>2.717 E F0 +.217(and the compound assignment syntax to create array v)2.717 F .218 +(ariables, addi-)-.25 F .882(tional attrib)144 662.4 R .882 (utes do not tak)-.2 F 3.382(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-3.382 G .882 (ect until subsequent assignments.).25 F .882(The return v)5.882 F .882 -(alue is 0 unless an)-.25 F(in)144 650.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G 1.26(lid optio\ +(alue is 0 unless an)-.25 F(in)144 674.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G .365(lid optio\ n is encountered, an attempt is made to de\214ne a function using).25 F -/F5 10/Courier@0 SF 1.26(\255f foo=bar)3.76 F F0 3.76(,a)C(n)-3.76 E -.187(attempt is made to assign a v)144 662.4 R .187 -(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .188 -(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .188(alue to an)-.25 F -1.749(array v)144 674.4 R 1.749 +/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .366(\255f foo=bar)2.866 F F0 2.866(,a)C 2.866(na) +-2.866 G(t-)-2.866 E .549(tempt is made to assign a v)144 686.4 R .549 +(alue to a readonly v)-.25 F .548 +(ariable, an attempt is made to assign a v)-.25 F .548(alue to an)-.25 F +1.748(array v)144 698.4 R 1.748 (ariable without using the compound assignment syntax \(see)-.25 F F2 -(Arrays)4.248 E F0(abo)4.248 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.748(\), one of the).15 F -F1(names)144 686.4 Q F0 .359(is not a v)2.858 F .359(alid shell v)-.25 F +(Arrays)4.249 E F0(abo)4.249 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.749(\), one of the).15 F +F1(names)144 710.4 Q F0 .359(is not a v)2.859 F .359(alid shell v)-.25 F .359(ariable name, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 2.859(fr)-.25 G -.359(eadonly status for a read-)-2.859 F 1.213(only v)144 698.4 R 1.213 +.359(eadonly status for a read-)-2.859 F 1.212(only v)144 722.4 R 1.213 (ariable, an attempt is made to turn of)-.25 F 3.713(fa)-.25 G 1.213 -(rray status for an array v)-3.713 F 1.212(ariable, or an attempt is) --.25 F(made to display a non-e)144 710.4 Q(xistent function with)-.15 E -F2<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(6) -203.725 E 0 Cg EP +(rray status for an array v)-3.713 F 1.213(ariable, or an attempt is) +-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(6)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 7 7 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dirs [\255clpv] [+) -108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F1 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F1(])A -F0 -.4(Wi)144 96 S .328 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(made to display a non-e)144 84 Q +(xistent function with)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(dirs [\255clpv] [+)108 100.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F1 2.5(][)C +<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F1(])A F0 -.4(Wi)144 112.8 S .329 (thout options, displays the list of currently remembered directories.) -.4 F .329(The def)5.329 F .329(ault display is on a)-.1 F 1.238 -(single line with directory names separated by spaces.)144 108 R 1.238 -(Directories are added to the list with the)6.238 F F1(pushd)144 120 Q -F0 2.003(command; 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the def)180 172.8 R .882 (ault listing format uses a tilde to denote)-.1 F(the home directory)180 -168 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad70>144 180 Q F0 -(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)180 180 Q F1<ad76> -144 192 Q F0 .272(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, pr\ -e\214xing each entry with its inde)180 192 R 2.773(xi)-.15 G 2.773(nt) --2.773 G(he)-2.773 E(stack.)180 204 Q F1(+)144 216 Q F2(n)A F0 1.565 -(Displays the)180 216 R F2(n)4.065 E F0 1.565 -(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.564(wn by)-.25 F F1 -(dirs)4.064 E F0 1.564(when in)4.064 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E -(without options, starting with zero.)180 228 Q F1<ad>144 240 Q F2(n)A -F0 1.194(Displays the)180 240 R F2(n)3.694 E F0 1.194 +184.8 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad70>144 196.8 Q F0 +(Print the directory stack with one entry per line.)180 196.8 Q F1<ad76> +144 208.8 Q F0 .273(Print the directory stack with one entry per line, \ +pre\214xing each entry with its inde)180 208.8 R 2.772(xi)-.15 G 2.772 +(nt)-2.772 G(he)-2.772 E(stack.)180 220.8 Q F1(+)144 232.8 Q F2(n)A F0 +1.564(Displays the)180 232.8 R F2(n)4.064 E F0 1.565 +(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B 1.565(wn by)-.25 F F1 +(dirs)4.065 E F0 1.565(when in)4.065 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E +(without options, starting with zero.)180 244.8 Q F1<ad>144 256.8 Q F2 +(n)A F0 1.194(Displays the)180 256.8 R F2(n)3.694 E F0 1.194 (th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.194(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E -(without options, starting with zero.)180 252 Q .258(The return v)144 -268.8 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 +(without options, starting with zero.)180 268.8 Q .257(The return v)144 +285.6 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 (lid option is supplied or).25 F F2(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe) -.15 G 2.758(sb).15 G -.15(ey)-2.758 G .258(ond the end of the direc-) -.15 F(tory stack.)144 280.8 Q F1(diso)108 297.6 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1 +.15 F(tory stack.)144 297.6 Q F1(diso)108 314.4 Q(wn)-.1 E F0([)2.5 E F1 (\255ar)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad68>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(jobspec)-2.5 E F0 -(... |)2.5 E F2(pid)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 309.6 S .121 +(... |)2.5 E F2(pid)2.5 E F0(... ])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 326.4 S .122 (thout options, remo).4 F .422 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(jobspec) 4.362 E F0 .122(from the table of acti)2.932 F .422 -.15(ve j)-.25 H -2.622(obs. If).15 F F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .122(is not present, and)2.932 -F .096(neither the)144 321.6 R F1<ad61>2.596 E F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F +2.622(obs. If).15 F F2(jobspec)4.362 E F0 .121(is not present, and)2.932 +F .096(neither the)144 338.4 R F1<ad61>2.596 E F0 .096(nor the)2.596 F F1<ad72>2.596 E F0 .096(option is supplied, the)2.596 F F2(curr)2.596 E .096(ent job)-.37 F F0 .096(is used.)2.596 F .096(If the)5.096 F F1 <ad68>2.596 E F0 .096(option is gi)2.596 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .096(n, each) -.15 F F2(jobspec)145.74 333.6 Q F0 .585(is not remo)3.395 F -.15(ve)-.15 -G 3.085(df).15 G .585(rom the table, b)-3.085 F .585(ut is mark)-.2 F -.585(ed so that)-.1 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .586 -(is not sent to the job if the)2.835 F .962(shell recei)144 345.6 R -.15 +.15 F F2(jobspec)145.74 350.4 Q F0 .586(is not remo)3.396 F -.15(ve)-.15 +G 3.086(df).15 G .585(rom the table, b)-3.086 F .585(ut is mark)-.2 F +.585(ed so that)-.1 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)3.085 E F0 .585 +(is not sent to the job if the)2.835 F .962(shell recei)144 362.4 R -.15 (ve)-.25 G 3.462(sa).15 G F3(SIGHUP)A/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .962 (If no)5.462 F F2(jobspec)5.202 E F0 .962(is supplied, the)3.772 F F1 <ad61>3.462 E F0 .962(option means to remo)3.462 F 1.262 -.15(ve o)-.15 -H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.358(jobs; the)144 357.6 R F1 -<ad72>3.858 E F0 1.358(option without a)3.858 F F2(jobspec)5.598 E F0 -(ar)4.169 E 1.359(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F -1.359(The return)6.359 F -.25(va)144 369.6 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F2 +H 3.462(rm).15 G .962(ark all)-3.462 F 1.359(jobs; the)144 374.4 R F1 +<ad72>3.859 E F0 1.359(option without a)3.859 F F2(jobspec)5.599 E F0 +(ar)4.169 E 1.358(gument restricts operation to running jobs.)-.18 F +1.358(The return)6.358 F -.25(va)144 386.4 S(lue is 0 unless a).25 E F2 (jobspec)4.24 E F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job)-.25 E(.)-.4 E -F1(echo)108 386.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g) --.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .425(Output the)144 398.4 R F2(ar)2.925 E(g)-.37 E +F1(echo)108 403.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255neE)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g) +-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E .424(Output the)144 415.2 R F2(ar)2.924 E(g)-.37 E F0 .424(s, separated by spaces, follo)B .424(wed by a ne)-.25 F 2.924 -(wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .307 -(error occurs.)144 410.4 R(If)5.307 E F1<ad6e>2.807 E F0 .307 -(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.807 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25 -F .308(If the)5.308 F F1<ad65>2.808 E F0 .308(option is gi)2.808 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G .308(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E 1.349(pretation of the follo)144 -422.4 R 1.348(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The) -6.348 E F1<ad45>3.848 E F0 1.348(option disables the)3.848 F 1.054 -(interpretation of these escape characters, e)144 434.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.555(no).15 G 3.555(ns)-3.555 G 1.055(ystems where the)-3.555 F 3.555 -(ya)-.15 G 1.055(re interpreted by def)-3.555 F(ault.)-.1 E(The)144 -446.4 Q F1(xpg_echo)3.459 E F0 .959 -(shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.459 -F F1(echo)3.458 E F0 -.15(ex)3.458 G(pands).15 E .715 -(these escape characters by def)144 458.4 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.715 E -F0 .716(does not interpret)3.215 F F1<adad>3.216 E F0 .716 -(to mean the end of options.)3.216 F F1(echo)5.716 E F0 -(interprets the follo)144 470.4 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E F1(\\a) -144 482.4 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 482.4 Q F1(\\b)144 494.4 Q F0 -(backspace)180 494.4 Q F1(\\c)144 506.4 Q F0(suppress further output)180 -506.4 Q F1(\\e)144 518.4 Q(\\E)144 530.4 Q F0(an escape character)180 -530.4 Q F1(\\f)144 542.4 Q F0(form feed)180 542.4 Q F1(\\n)144 554.4 Q -F0(ne)180 554.4 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine)-2.5 E F1(\\r)144 566.4 Q F0 -(carriage return)180 566.4 Q F1(\\t)144 578.4 Q F0(horizontal tab)180 -578.4 Q F1(\\v)144 590.4 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 590.4 S(rtical tab).15 E F1 -(\\\\)144 602.4 Q F0(backslash)180 602.4 Q F1(\\0)144 614.4 Q F2(nnn)A -F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 614.4 Q(alue is the octal v)-.25 +(wline. The)-.25 F .424(return status is 0 unless a write)2.924 F .308 +(error occurs.)144 427.2 R(If)5.308 E F1<ad6e>2.808 E F0 .308 +(is speci\214ed, the trailing ne)2.808 F .308(wline is suppressed.)-.25 +F .307(If the)5.308 F F1<ad65>2.807 E F0 .307(option is gi)2.807 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G .307(n, inter).15 F(-)-.2 E .197(pretation of the follo)144 +439.2 R .198(wing backslash-escaped characters is enabled.)-.25 F(The) +5.198 E F1<ad45>2.698 E F0 .198(option disables the in-)2.698 F .067 +(terpretation of these escape characters, e)144 451.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +2.567(no).15 G 2.567(ns)-2.567 G .067(ystems where the)-2.567 F 2.567 +(ya)-.15 G .067(re interpreted by def)-2.567 F 2.567(ault. The)-.1 F F1 +(xpg_echo)144 463.2 Q F0 .601 +(shell option may be used to dynamically determine whether or not)3.101 +F F1(echo)3.102 E F0 -.15(ex)3.102 G .602(pands these).15 F .659 +(escape characters by def)144 475.2 R(ault.)-.1 E F1(echo)5.659 E F0 +.659(does not interpret)3.159 F F1<adad>3.159 E F0 .659 +(to mean the end of options.)3.159 F F1(echo)5.658 E F0(inter)3.158 E(-) +-.2 E(prets the follo)144 487.2 Q(wing escape sequences:)-.25 E F1(\\a) +144 499.2 Q F0(alert \(bell\))180 499.2 Q F1(\\b)144 511.2 Q F0 +(backspace)180 511.2 Q F1(\\c)144 523.2 Q F0(suppress further output)180 +523.2 Q F1(\\e)144 535.2 Q(\\E)144 547.2 Q F0(an escape character)180 +547.2 Q F1(\\f)144 559.2 Q F0(form feed)180 559.2 Q F1(\\n)144 571.2 Q +F0(ne)180 571.2 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(ine)-2.5 E F1(\\r)144 583.2 Q F0 +(carriage return)180 583.2 Q F1(\\t)144 595.2 Q F0(horizontal tab)180 +595.2 Q F1(\\v)144 607.2 Q F0 -.15(ve)180 607.2 S(rtical tab).15 E F1 +(\\\\)144 619.2 Q F0(backslash)180 619.2 Q F1(\\0)144 631.2 Q F2(nnn)A +F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 631.2 Q(alue is the octal v)-.25 E(alue)-.25 E F2(nnn)2.5 E F0(\(zero to three octal digits\))2.5 E F1 -(\\x)144 626.4 Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 626.4 Q +(\\x)144 643.2 Q F2(HH)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 643.2 Q (alue is the he)-.25 E(xadecimal v)-.15 E(alue)-.25 E F2(HH)2.5 E F0 (\(one or tw)2.5 E 2.5(oh)-.1 G .3 -.15(ex d)-2.5 H(igits\)).15 E F1 -(\\u)144 638.4 Q F2(HHHH)A F0 1.507 -(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 650.4 R 1.506 -(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.506(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH) -4.006 E F0(\(one to four he)180 662.4 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1 -(\\U)144 674.4 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .547 -(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 686.4 R .547 -(alue is the he)-.25 F .548(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-) -3.048 E(HHH)180 698.4 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G +(\\u)144 655.2 Q F2(HHHH)A F0 1.506 +(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 667.2 R 1.507 +(alue is the he)-.25 F 1.507(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHH) +4.007 E F0(\(one to four he)180 679.2 Q 2.5(xd)-.15 G(igits\))-2.5 E F1 +(\\U)144 691.2 Q F2(HHHHHHHH)A F0 .548 +(the Unicode \(ISO/IEC 10646\) character whose v)180 703.2 R .547 +(alue is the he)-.25 F .547(xadecimal v)-.15 F(alue)-.25 E F2(HHHHH-) +3.047 E(HHH)180 715.2 Q F0(\(one to eight he)2.5 E 2.5(xd)-.15 G (igits\))-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(7)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 8 8 @@ -1085,265 +1097,271 @@ BP E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(enable)108 84 Q F0([) 2.5 E F1<ad61>A F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255dnps)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad66>-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(\214lename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 -(...])2.5 E .278(Enable and disable b)144 96 R .278 +(...])2.5 E .277(Enable and disable b)144 96 R .278 (uiltin shell commands.)-.2 F .278(Disabling a b)5.278 F .278 -(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .833 +(uiltin allo)-.2 F .278(ws a disk command which has)-.25 F .834 (the same name as a shell b)144 108 R .834(uiltin to be e)-.2 F -.15(xe) -.15 G .834(cuted without specifying a full pathname, e).15 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.334(nt).15 G(hough)-3.334 E .99 +-.25 G 3.333(nt).15 G(hough)-3.333 E .989 (the shell normally searches for b)144 120 R .989 -(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 .989 -(is used, each)3.489 F F2(name)3.489 E F0 .989(is dis-)3.489 F 1.581 -(abled; otherwise,)144 132 R F2(names)4.082 E F0 1.582(are enabled.) -4.082 F -.15(Fo)6.582 G 4.082(re).15 G 1.582(xample, to use the)-4.232 F -F1(test)4.082 E F0 1.582(binary found via the)4.082 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 -SF -.666(PA)4.082 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .081(instead of the shell b)144 144 R -.081(uiltin v)-.2 F .081(ersion, run)-.15 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF .081 -(enable -n test)2.581 F F0 5.081(.T)C(he)-5.081 E F1<ad66>2.58 E F0 .08 -(option means to load the ne)2.58 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 156 S 1.524 -(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.384 E F0 1.524(from shared object)4.204 F -F2(\214lename)4.024 E F0 4.024(,o).18 G 4.024(ns)-4.024 G 1.524 -(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-4.024 F(The)144 168 Q F1<ad64> -2.867 E F0 .367(option will delete a b)2.867 F .367(uiltin pre)-.2 F -.367(viously loaded with)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.866 E F0 5.366(.I)C 2.866(fn) --5.366 G(o)-2.866 E F2(name)2.866 E F0(ar)2.866 E .366(guments are gi) --.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .366(n, or).15 F .398(if the)144 180 R F1<ad70> -2.898 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399 +(uiltins before disk commands.)-.2 F(If)5.989 E F1<ad6e>3.489 E F0 .99 +(is used, each)3.49 F F2(name)3.49 E F0 .99(is dis-)3.49 F .649 +(abled; otherwise,)144 132 R F2(names)3.148 E F0 .648(are enabled.)3.148 +F -.15(Fo)5.648 G 3.148(re).15 G .648(xample, to use the)-3.298 F F1 +(test)3.148 E F0 .648(binary found via the)3.148 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +-.666(PA)3.148 G(TH)-.189 E F0(in-)2.898 E .538(stead of the shell b)144 +144 R .538(uiltin v)-.2 F .538(ersion, run)-.15 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF +.538(enable -n test)3.038 F F0 5.538(.T)C(he)-5.538 E F1<ad66>3.038 E F0 +.539(option means to load the ne)3.038 F(w)-.25 E -.2(bu)144 156 S 1.365 +(iltin command).2 F F2(name)4.225 E F0 1.365(from shared object)4.045 F +F2(\214lename)5.775 E F0 3.865(,o).18 G 3.865(ns)-3.865 G 1.365 +(ystems that support dynamic loading.)-3.865 F(The)144 168 Q F1<ad64> +2.866 E F0 .366(option will delete a b)2.866 F .366(uiltin pre)-.2 F +.366(viously loaded with)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.867 E F0 5.367(.I)C 2.867(fn) +-5.367 G(o)-2.867 E F2(name)2.867 E F0(ar)2.867 E .367(guments are gi) +-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .367(n, or).15 F .399(if the)144 180 R F1<ad70> +2.899 E F0 .399(option is supplied, a list of shell b)2.899 F .399 (uiltins is printed.)-.2 F -.4(Wi)5.399 G .399(th no other option ar).4 -F .399(guments, the)-.18 F .099(list consists of all enabled shell b)144 +F .398(guments, the)-.18 F .098(list consists of all enabled shell b)144 192 R 2.598(uiltins. If)-.2 F F1<ad6e>2.598 E F0 .098 -(is supplied, only disabled b)2.598 F .098(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F -(If)5.098 E F1<ad61>2.598 E F0 1.916 -(is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 204 R 1.916 -(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is)-.2 F 2.879 -(enabled. If)144 216 R F1<ad73>2.879 E F0 .379 -(is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.879 F F2(special) -2.879 E F0 -.2(bu)2.878 G 2.878(iltins. The).2 F .378(return v)2.878 F -(alue)-.25 E .994(is 0 unless a)144 228 R F2(name)3.854 E F0 .994 -(is not a shell b)3.674 F .994(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne) --.2 F 3.495(wb)-.25 G .995(uiltin from a shared)-3.695 F(object.)144 240 -Q F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 256.8 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0 -(...])2.5 E(The)144 268.8 Q F2(ar)3.171 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.171(sa)C .671 +(is supplied, only disabled b)2.598 F .099(uiltins are printed.)-.2 F +(If)5.099 E F1<ad61>2.599 E F0 .906 +(is supplied, the list printed includes all b)144 204 R .905 +(uiltins, with an indication of whether or not each is en-)-.2 F 2.872 +(abled. If)144 216 R F1<ad73>2.872 E F0 .372 +(is supplied, the output is restricted to the POSIX)2.872 F F2(special) +2.873 E F0 -.2(bu)2.873 G 2.873(iltins. The).2 F .373(return v)2.873 F +.373(alue is)-.25 F 2.5(0u)144 228 S(nless a)-2.5 E F2(name)2.86 E F0 +(is not a shell b)2.68 E(uiltin or there is an error loading a ne)-.2 E +2.5(wb)-.25 G(uiltin from a shared object.)-2.7 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)108 +244.8 T(l).15 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(The)144 256.8 +Q F2(ar)3.171 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.171(sa)C .671 (re read and concatenated together into a single command.)-3.171 F .67 -(This command is then read)5.67 F .495(and e)144 280.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -.495(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .495 -(xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .495(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15 -(ev a)2.995 H(l).15 E F0 5.495(.I)C 2.995(ft)-5.495 G .495(here are no) --2.995 F F2(ar)2.995 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 292.8 Q +(This command is then read)5.67 F .478(and e)144 268.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.478(cuted by the shell, and its e).15 F .478 +(xit status is returned as the v)-.15 F .479(alue of)-.25 F F1 -2.3 -.15 +(ev a)2.979 H(l).15 E F0 5.479(.I)C 2.979(ft)-5.479 G .479(here are no) +-2.979 F F2(ar)3.309 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 280.8 Q (guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E F1 -(exec)108 309.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2 +(exec)108 297.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255cl)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad61>-2.5 E F2 (name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(command)-2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments) --.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 321.6 Q F2(command)3.006 E F0 .306 +-.37 E F0(]])A(If)144 309.6 Q F2(command)3.006 E F0 .306 (is speci\214ed, it replaces the shell.)3.576 F .305(No ne)5.305 F 2.805 (wp)-.25 G .305(rocess is created.)-2.805 F(The)5.305 E F2(ar)3.135 E -(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.075 E .176(the ar)144 333.6 R .176 +(guments)-.37 E F0(become)3.075 E .176(the ar)144 321.6 R .176 (guments to)-.18 F F2(command)2.676 E F0 5.176(.I)C 2.676(ft)-5.176 G (he)-2.676 E F1<ad6c>2.676 E F0 .176 (option is supplied, the shell places a dash at the be)2.676 F .177 -(ginning of)-.15 F .5(the zeroth ar)144 345.6 R .5(gument passed to)-.18 -F F2(command)3 E F0 5.499(.T).77 G .499(his is what)-5.499 F F2(lo)2.999 -E(gin)-.1 E F0 .499(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.499 E F1<ad63>2.999 E F0 -.499(option causes)2.999 F F2(com-)3.199 E(mand)144 357.6 Q F0 .638 +(ginning of)-.15 F .48(the zeroth ar)144 333.6 R .48(gument passed to) +-.18 F F2(command)3.18 E F0 5.48(.T).77 G .48(his is what)-5.48 F F2(lo) +3.07 E(gin)-.1 E F0 .48(\(1\) does.).24 F(The)5.48 E F1<ad63>2.98 E F0 +.48(option causes)2.98 F F2(com-)3.18 E(mand)144 345.6 Q F0 .638 (to be e)3.908 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .638(cuted with an empty en).15 F 3.138 (vironment. If)-.4 F F1<ad61>3.138 E F0 .638 (is supplied, the shell passes)3.138 F F2(name)3.499 E F0 .639(as the) -3.319 F 1.078(zeroth ar)144 369.6 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15 +3.319 F 1.078(zeroth ar)144 357.6 R 1.077(gument to the e)-.18 F -.15 (xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted command.).15 F(If)6.077 E F2(command)3.777 E F0 1.077(cannot be e)4.347 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.077(cuted for some reason, a) -.15 F(non-interacti)144 381.6 Q .876 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .576(hell e).15 F +.15 F(non-interacti)144 369.6 Q .876 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .576(hell e).15 F .576(xits, unless the)-.15 F F1(execfail)3.076 E F0 .577 (shell option is enabled.)3.077 F .577(In that case, it returns f)5.577 -F(ail-)-.1 E 3.32(ure. An)144 393.6 R(interacti)3.32 E 1.12 -.15(ve s) +F(ail-)-.1 E 3.32(ure. An)144 381.6 R(interacti)3.32 E 1.12 -.15(ve s) -.25 H .82(hell returns f).15 F .82(ailure if the \214le cannot be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.32(cuted. A).15 F .82(subshell e)3.32 F .82 -(xits uncondi-)-.15 F .287(tionally if)144 405.6 R F1(exec)2.787 E F0 +(xits uncondi-)-.15 F .287(tionally if)144 393.6 R F1(exec)2.787 E F0 -.1(fa)2.787 G 2.787(ils. If).1 F F2(command)2.987 E F0 .287 (is not speci\214ed, an)3.557 F 2.788(yr)-.15 G .288(edirections tak) -2.788 F 2.788(ee)-.1 G -.25(ff)-2.788 G .288(ect in the current shell,) -.25 F(and the return status is 0.)144 417.6 Q +.25 F(and the return status is 0.)144 405.6 Q (If there is a redirection error)5 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G -(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 434.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -(])A .096(Cause the shell to e)144 434.4 R .096(xit with a status of) +(he return status is 1.)-2.5 E F1(exit)108 422.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +(])A .096(Cause the shell to e)144 422.4 R .096(xit with a status of) -.15 F F2(n)2.596 E F0 5.096(.I)C(f)-5.096 E F2(n)2.955 E F0 .095 (is omitted, the e)2.835 F .095(xit status is that of the last command) --.15 F -.15(exe)144 446.4 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E F3(EXIT)2.5 +-.15 F -.15(exe)144 434.4 S 2.5(cuted. A).15 F(trap on)2.5 E F3(EXIT)2.5 E F0(is e)2.25 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted before the shell terminates.).15 E -F1(export)108 463.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name) --2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 475.2 Q -F0 .256(The supplied)144 487.2 R F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 +F1(export)108 451.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][).833 G F2(name) +-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(]] ...)A F1(export \255p)108 463.2 Q +F0 .256(The supplied)144 475.2 R F2(names)3.117 E F0 .257(are mark)3.027 F .257(ed for automatic e)-.1 F .257(xport to the en)-.15 F .257 (vironment of subsequently e)-.4 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 2.627 -(commands. If)144 499.2 R(the)2.627 E F1<ad66>2.627 E F0 .127 +(commands. If)144 487.2 R(the)2.627 E F1<ad66>2.627 E F0 .127 (option is gi)2.627 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .127(n, the).15 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(refer to functions.)2.897 F .127(If no)5.127 F F2(names)2.987 E F0 .127(are gi)2.897 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .126(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70> -144 511.2 Q F0 .048(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.547 F +144 499.2 Q F0 .048(option is supplied, a list of names of all e)2.547 F .048(xported v)-.15 F .048(ariables is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.048 E F1 -<ad6e>2.548 E F0 .048(option causes the)2.548 F -.15(ex)144 523.2 S +<ad6e>2.548 E F0 .048(option causes the)2.548 F -.15(ex)144 511.2 S 1.447(port property to be remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.947(df).15 G 1.447 (rom each)-3.947 F F2(name)3.947 E F0 6.447(.I)C 3.947(fav)-6.447 G 1.447(ariable name is follo)-4.197 F 1.447(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d) --.37 E F0 3.946(,t)C(he)-3.946 E -.25(va)144 535.2 S .741(lue of the v) +-.37 E F0 3.946(,t)C(he)-3.946 E -.25(va)144 523.2 S .741(lue of the v) .25 F .741(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor)3.241 E(d)-.37 E F0(.)A F1 (export)5.741 E F0 .742(returns an e)3.242 F .742 (xit status of 0 unless an in)-.15 F -.25(va)-.4 G .742(lid option is) -.25 F .032(encountered, one of the)144 547.2 R F2(names)2.532 E F0 .032 +.25 F .032(encountered, one of the)144 535.2 R F2(names)2.532 E F0 .032 (is not a v)2.532 F .032(alid shell v)-.25 F .032(ariable name, or)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.531 E F0 .031(is supplied with a)2.531 F F2(name)2.891 E F0 -(that)2.711 E(is not a function.)144 559.2 Q F1(fc)108 576 Q F0([)2.5 E +(that)2.711 E(is not a function.)144 547.2 Q F1(fc)108 564 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad65>A F2(ename)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255lnr)-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 <8c72>-2.5 E(st)-.1 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(last)-2.5 E F0(])A F1(fc \255s)108 -588 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 +576 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(pat)A F0(=)A F2 -.37(re)C(p).37 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 (cmd)-2.5 E F0(])A .431 -(The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 600 R F2<8c72> +(The \214rst form selects a range of commands from)144 588 R F2<8c72> 4.842 E(st)-.1 E F0(to)3.612 E F2(last)3.022 E F0 .432 (from the history list and displays or)3.612 F .142(edits and re-e)144 -612 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .142(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs) +600 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .142(cutes them.).15 F F2 -.45(Fi)5.141 G -.1(rs) .45 G(t).1 E F0(and)3.321 E F2(last)2.731 E F0 .141 (may be speci\214ed as a string \(to locate the last command)3.321 F(be) -144 624 Q .31(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)-.15 F +144 612 Q .31(ginning with that string\) or as a number \(an inde)-.15 F 2.811(xi)-.15 G .311(nto the history list, where a ne)-2.811 F -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E .611 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .19(is used as an of) -144 636 R .19(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F(If)5.19 E -F2(last)2.779 E F0 .189(is not speci\214ed, it is set to the cur)3.369 F -(-)-.2 E .948(rent command for listing \(so that)144 648 R F4 .948 -(fc \255l \25510)3.448 F F0 .948(prints the last 10 commands\) and to) -3.448 F F2<8c72>5.359 E(st)-.1 E F0(other)4.129 E(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. If) -144 660 R F2<8c72>4.41 E(st)-.1 E F0 -(is not speci\214ed, it is set to the pre)3.18 E -(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 684 Q +-.15 G(ti).05 E .611 -.15(ve n)-.25 H(umber).15 E .071(is used as an of) +144 624 R .071(fset from the current command number\).)-.25 F .071 +(When listing, a)5.071 F F2<8c72>2.571 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)2.571 E F2(last) +2.571 E F0 .071(of 0 is equi)2.571 F -.25(va)-.25 G(-).25 E .653 +(lent to \2551 and \2550 is equi)144 636 R -.25(va)-.25 G .653 +(lent to the current command \(usually the).25 F F1(fc)3.153 E F0 .653 +(command\); otherwise 0 is)3.153 F(equi)144 648 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .242 +(lent to \2551 and \2550 is in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 2.742(lid. If).25 F +F2(last)2.832 E F0 .242 +(is not speci\214ed, it is set to the current command for list-)3.422 F +.092(ing \(so that)144 660 R F4 .092(fc \255l \25510)2.592 F F0 .093 +(prints the last 10 commands\) and to)2.592 F F2<8c72>4.503 E(st)-.1 E +F0 2.593(otherwise. If)3.273 F F2<8c72>4.503 E(st)-.1 E F0 .093 +(is not speci-)3.273 F(\214ed, it is set to the pre)144 672 Q +(vious command for editing and \25516 for listing.)-.25 E(The)144 696 Q F1<ad6e>2.522 E F0 .022 (option suppresses the command numbers when listing.)2.522 F(The)5.022 E F1<ad72>2.522 E F0 .022(option re)2.522 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .022 -(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 696 R .438(If the)5.438 +(rses the order of).15 F .438(the commands.)144 708 R .438(If the)5.438 F F1<ad6c>2.938 E F0 .438(option is gi)2.938 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .438 (n, the commands are listed on standard output.).15 F(Otherwise,)5.438 E -.335(the editor gi)144 708 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E F2 +.335(the editor gi)144 720 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.835(nb).15 G(y)-2.835 E F2 (ename)3.025 E F0 .335(is in)3.015 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.835(do) .1 G 2.835(na\214)-2.835 G .335(le containing those commands.)-2.835 F (If)5.334 E F2(ename)3.024 E F0 .334(is not gi)3.014 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -(n,).15 E 1.668(the v)144 720 R 1.668(alue of the)-.25 F F3(FCEDIT)4.168 -E F0 -.25(va)3.918 G 1.668(riable is used, and the v).25 F 1.669 -(alue of)-.25 F F3(EDIT)4.169 E(OR)-.162 E F0(if)3.919 E F3(FCEDIT)4.169 -E F0 1.669(is not set.)3.919 F(If)6.669 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q -(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(8)203.725 E 0 Cg EP +(n,).15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(8)203.725 E 0 Cg +EP %%Page: 9 9 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .187(neither v)144 84 R .187 -(ariable is set,)-.25 F/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(vi)4.353 E F0 .187 -(is used.)4.353 F .187 -(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and)5.187 F --.15(exe)144 96 S(cuted.).15 E .788(In the second form,)144 120 R F1 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .63(the v)144 84 R .63(alue of the)-.25 F +/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FCEDIT)3.13 E F0 -.25(va)2.88 G .631 +(riable is used, and the v).25 F .631(alue of)-.25 F F1(EDIT)3.131 E(OR) +-.162 E F0(if)2.881 E F1(FCEDIT)3.131 E F0 .631(is not set.)2.881 F .631 +(If nei-)5.631 F .006(ther v)144 96 R .006(ariable is set,)-.25 F/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(vi)4.171 E F0 .005(is used.)4.171 F .005 +(When editing is complete, the edited commands are echoed and e)5.005 F +(x-)-.15 E(ecuted.)144 108 Q .788(In the second form,)144 132 R F2 (command)3.288 E F0 .788(is re-e)3.288 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 -(cuted after each instance of).15 F F1(pat)3.288 E F0 .788 -(is replaced by)3.288 F F1 -.37(re)3.289 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F1(Com-)5.789 -E(mand)144 132 Q F0 .172(is interpreted the same as)2.672 F F1<8c72> +(cuted after each instance of).15 F F2(pat)3.288 E F0 .788 +(is replaced by)3.288 F F2 -.37(re)3.289 G(p).37 E F0(.)A F2(Com-)5.789 +E(mand)144 144 Q F0 .172(is interpreted the same as)2.672 F F2<8c72> 2.672 E(st)-.1 E F0(abo)2.672 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.172(.A).15 G .171 -(useful alias to use with this is)-2.5 F/F2 10/Courier@0 SF .171 +(useful alias to use with this is)-2.5 F/F3 10/Courier@0 SF .171 (r='fc \255s')2.671 F F0 2.671(,s)C 2.671(ot)-2.671 G(hat)-2.671 E -(typing)144 144 Q F2 7.165(rc)3.665 G(c)-7.165 E F0 1.165 -(runs the last command be)3.665 F 1.166(ginning with)-.15 F F2(cc)3.666 -E F0 1.166(and typing)3.666 F F2(r)3.666 E F0(re-e)3.666 E -.15(xe)-.15 -G 1.166(cutes the last com-).15 F(mand.)144 156 Q .142 -(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 180 R .142 +(typing)144 156 Q F3 7.165(rc)3.665 G(c)-7.165 E F0 1.165 +(runs the last command be)3.665 F 1.166(ginning with)-.15 F F3(cc)3.666 +E F0 1.166(and typing)3.666 F F3(r)3.666 E F0(re-e)3.666 E -.15(xe)-.15 +G 1.166(cutes the last com-).15 F(mand.)144 168 Q .142 +(If the \214rst form is used, the return v)144 192 R .142 (alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .142 -(lid option is encountered or).25 F F1<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322 -E F1(last)2.732 E F0 .454(specify history lines out of range.)144 192 R -.454(If the)5.454 F/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454 +(lid option is encountered or).25 F F2<8c72>4.552 E(st)-.1 E F0(or)3.322 +E F2(last)2.732 E F0 .454(specify history lines out of range.)144 204 R +.454(If the)5.454 F/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454 (option is supplied, the return v)2.954 F .455(alue is the v)-.25 F .455 -(alue of the)-.25 F .788(last command e)144 204 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 +(alue of the)-.25 F .788(last command e)144 216 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .788 (cuted or f).15 F .787 (ailure if an error occurs with the temporary \214le of commands.)-.1 F .787(If the)5.787 F 1.135 (second form is used, the return status is that of the command re-e)144 -216 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.136(cuted, unless).15 F F1(cmd)3.836 E F0 1.136 -(does not)4.406 F(specify a v)144 228 Q -(alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F3(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E -(ailure.)-.1 E F3(fg)108 244.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume) -144 256.8 Q F1(jobspec)5.654 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.224 F 1.413 +228 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.136(cuted, unless).15 F F2(cmd)3.836 E F0 1.136 +(does not)4.406 F(specify a v)144 240 Q +(alid history line, in which case)-.25 E F4(fc)2.5 E F0(returns f)2.5 E +(ailure.)-.1 E F4(fg)108 256.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(jobspec)A F0(])A(Resume) +144 268.8 Q F2(jobspec)5.654 E F0 1.413(in the fore)4.224 F 1.413 (ground, and mak)-.15 F 3.913(ei)-.1 G 3.913(tt)-3.913 G 1.413 -(he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F1(jobspec)5.653 E F0 -1.413(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 268.8 Q 3.116(sn)-.55 G -.616(otion of the)-3.116 F F1(curr)3.116 E .616(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617 +(he current job)-3.913 F 6.413(.I)-.4 G(f)-6.413 E F2(jobspec)5.653 E F0 +1.413(is not present, the)4.223 F(shell')144 280.8 Q 3.116(sn)-.55 G +.616(otion of the)-3.116 F F2(curr)3.116 E .616(ent job)-.37 F F0 .617 (is used.)3.116 F .617(The return v)5.617 F .617 -(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 280.8 Q +(alue is that of the command placed into the)-.25 F(fore)144 292.8 Q .363(ground, or f)-.15 F .363 (ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .362 -(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F1(jobspec)145.74 292.8 Q -F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job or)-.25 E F1(jobspec)4.24 E F0 +(hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F F2(jobspec)145.74 304.8 Q +F0(does not specify a v)2.81 E(alid job or)-.25 E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0 (speci\214es a job that w)2.81 E(as started without job control.)-.1 E -F3(getopts)108 309.6 Q F1(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(gs) --.37 E F0(])A F3(getopts)144 321.6 Q F0 .793 -(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F1 +F4(getopts)108 321.6 Q F2(optstring name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A 2.5 +(g.)-.37 G(..)-2.5 E F0(])A F4(getopts)144 333.6 Q F0 .793 +(is used by shell procedures to parse positional parameters.)3.293 F F2 (optstring)6.023 E F0 .793(contains the option)3.513 F .15 -(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 333.6 R .149 +(characters to be recognized; if a character is follo)144 345.6 R .149 (wed by a colon, the option is e)-.25 F .149(xpected to ha)-.15 F .449 --.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 345.6 Q .578 +-.15(ve a)-.2 H(n).15 E(ar)144 357.6 Q .578 (gument, which should be separated from it by white space.)-.18 F .579 -(The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E 1.665 -(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 357.6 R 1.665 -(Each time it is in)6.665 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F3(getopts) -4.165 E F0 1.665(places the ne)4.165 F(xt)-.15 E .796 -(option in the shell v)144 369.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F1(name)3.296 E F0 -3.296(,i).18 G(nitializing)-3.296 E F1(name)3.657 E F0 .797 -(if it does not e)3.477 F .797(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 3.297(xo)-.15 G -3.297(ft)-3.297 G .797(he ne)-3.297 F(xt)-.15 E(ar)144 381.6 Q .085 -(gument to be processed into the v)-.18 F(ariable)-.25 E/F4 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(OPTIND)2.585 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F4(OPTIND) -4.585 E F0 .085(is initialized to 1 each time the shell)2.335 F .845 -(or a shell script is in)144 393.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.345 -(d. When).1 F .845(an option requires an ar)3.345 F(gument,)-.18 E F3 -(getopts)3.346 E F0 .846(places that ar)3.346 F(gument)-.18 E .804 -(into the v)144 405.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPT)3.304 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A -F0 .803(The shell does not reset)5.304 F F4(OPTIND)3.303 E F0 .803 -(automatically; it must be manually)3.053 F .293 -(reset between multiple calls to)144 417.6 R F3(getopts)2.793 E F0 .293 -(within the same shell in)2.793 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .293(cation if a ne).2 F -2.793(ws)-.25 G .294(et of parameters)-2.793 F(is to be used.)144 429.6 -Q 2.044(When the end of options is encountered,)144 453.6 R F3(getopts) +(The colon and question mark char)5.579 F(-)-.2 E .636 +(acters may not be used as option characters.)144 369.6 R .636 +(Each time it is in)5.636 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d,).1 E F4(getopts) +3.136 E F0 .636(places the ne)3.136 F .635(xt op-)-.15 F .029 +(tion in the shell v)144 381.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(name)2.889 E F0 2.529 +(,i).18 G(nitializing)-2.529 E F2(name)2.889 E F0 .029(if it does not e) +2.709 F .03(xist, and the inde)-.15 F 2.53(xo)-.15 G 2.53(ft)-2.53 G .03 +(he ne)-2.53 F .03(xt ar)-.15 F(gu-)-.18 E .066 +(ment to be processed into the v)144 393.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F1(OPTIND) +2.566 E/F5 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(OPTIND)4.566 E F0 .065 +(is initialized to 1 each time the shell or a)2.315 F .885 +(shell script is in)144 405.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.385(d. When) +.1 F .885(an option requires an ar)3.385 F(gument,)-.18 E F4(getopts) +3.385 E F0 .885(places that ar)3.385 F .885(gument into)-.18 F .567 +(the v)144 417.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F1(OPT)3.067 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A F0 +.566(The shell does not reset)5.067 F F1(OPTIND)3.066 E F0 .566 +(automatically; it must be manually reset)2.816 F .389 +(between multiple calls to)144 429.6 R F4(getopts)2.889 E F0 .389 +(within the same shell in)2.889 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .39(cation if a ne).2 F +2.89(ws)-.25 G .39(et of parameters is to)-2.89 F(be used.)144 441.6 Q +2.044(When the end of options is encountered,)144 465.6 R F4(getopts) 4.543 E F0 -.15(ex)4.543 G 2.043(its with a return v).15 F 2.043 -(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F4(OPTIND)144 465.6 Q F0 +(alue greater than zero.)-.25 F F1(OPTIND)144 477.6 Q F0 (is set to the inde)2.25 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G -(he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F1(name)2.5 E F0 -(is set to ?.)2.5 E F3(getopts)144 489.6 Q F0 2.392 -(normally parses the positional parameters, b)4.892 F 2.392 -(ut if more ar)-.2 F 2.393(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.893 -(ni).15 G(n)-4.893 E F1(ar)4.893 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E F3(getopts)144 -501.6 Q F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F3(getopts)144 525.6 Q F0 1.166 -(can report errors in tw)3.666 F 3.665(ow)-.1 G 3.665(ays. If)-3.765 F -1.165(the \214rst character of)3.665 F F1(optstring)3.895 E F0 1.165 -(is a colon,)3.885 F F1(silent)4.005 E F0(error)4.345 E 1.07 -(reporting is used.)144 537.6 R 1.071 -(In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.07 F --.25(va)-.4 G 1.071(lid options or).25 F .394(missing option ar)144 -549.6 R .394(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F -(ariable)-.25 E F4(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394 -(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F(will be displayed, e)144 561.6 Q +(he \214rst non-option ar)-2.5 E(gument, and)-.18 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 +(is set to ?.)2.5 E F4(getopts)144 501.6 Q F0 .485 +(normally parses the positional parameters, b)2.985 F .485 +(ut if more ar)-.2 F .485(guments are supplied as)-.18 F F2(ar)3.315 E +(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(va)3.205 G(l-).25 E(ues,)144 513.6 Q F4(getopts)2.5 E +F0(parses those instead.)2.5 E F4(getopts)144 537.6 Q F0 .345 +(can report errors in tw)2.845 F 2.845(ow)-.1 G 2.845(ays. If)-2.945 F +.345(the \214rst character of)2.845 F F2(optstring)3.075 E F0 .345 +(is a colon,)3.065 F F2(silent)3.185 E F0 .345(error re-)3.525 F 1.668 +(porting is used.)144 549.6 R 1.668 +(In normal operation, diagnostic messages are printed when in)6.668 F +-.25(va)-.4 G 1.669(lid options or).25 F .394(missing option ar)144 +561.6 R .394(guments are encountered.)-.18 F .394(If the v)5.394 F +(ariable)-.25 E F1(OPTERR)2.894 E F0 .394 +(is set to 0, no error messages)2.644 F(will be displayed, e)144 573.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he \214rst character of)-2.5 E -F1(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.)2.72 E .666(If an in)144 585.6 R --.25(va)-.4 G .666(lid option is seen,).25 F F3(getopts)3.166 E F0 .667 -(places ? into)3.167 F F1(name)3.527 E F0 .667 +F2(optstring)2.73 E F0(is not a colon.)2.72 E .666(If an in)144 597.6 R +-.25(va)-.4 G .666(lid option is seen,).25 F F4(getopts)3.166 E F0 .667 +(places ? into)3.167 F F2(name)3.527 E F0 .667 (and, if not silent, prints an error message)3.347 F .4(and unsets)144 -597.6 R F4(OPT)2.9 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F3(getopts)2.899 E -F0 .399(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F4 +609.6 R F1(OPT)2.9 E(ARG)-.81 E F5(.)A F0(If)4.899 E F4(getopts)2.899 E +F0 .399(is silent, the option character found is placed in)2.899 F F1 (OPT)2.899 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .399(and no)2.649 F -(diagnostic message is printed.)144 609.6 Q 1.241(If a required ar)144 -633.6 R 1.241(gument is not found, and)-.18 F F3(getopts)3.741 E F0 -1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F3(?).833 E F0 3.742 -(\)i).833 G 3.742(sp)-3.742 G 1.242(laced in)-3.742 F F1(name)144 645.6 -Q F0(,).18 E F4(OPT)2.735 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .234 -(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.485 F(If)5.234 E F3 -(getopts)2.734 E F0 .234(is silent, then a colon \()2.734 F F3(:).833 E -F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 657.6 Q F1(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 E F4 -(OPT)2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25 E F3 -(getopts)144 681.6 Q F0 .902 +(diagnostic message is printed.)144 621.6 Q 1.241(If a required ar)144 +645.6 R 1.241(gument is not found, and)-.18 F F4(getopts)3.741 E F0 +1.241(is not silent, a question mark \()3.741 F F4(?).833 E F0 3.742 +(\)i).833 G 3.742(sp)-3.742 G 1.242(laced in)-3.742 F F2(name)144.36 +657.6 Q F0(,).18 E F1(OPT)2.714 E(ARG)-.81 E F0 .213 +(is unset, and a diagnostic message is printed.)2.463 F(If)5.213 E F4 +(getopts)2.713 E F0 .213(is silent, then a colon \()2.713 F F4(:).833 E +F0(\)).833 E(is placed in)144 669.6 Q F2(name)2.86 E F0(and)2.68 E F1 +(OPT)2.5 E(ARG)-.81 E F0(is set to the option character found.)2.25 E F4 +(getopts)144 693.6 Q F0 .902 (returns true if an option, speci\214ed or unspeci\214ed, is found.) 3.401 F .902(It returns f)5.902 F .902(alse if the end of)-.1 F -(options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 693.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 +(options is encountered or an error occurs.)144 705.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(9)203.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 10 10 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -1362,32 +1380,33 @@ F2(name)3.718 E F0 .858(is determined by searching)3.538 F .956 (viously-remembered pathname is discarded.)-.25 F .243(If the)144 120 R F1<ad70>2.743 E F0 .243 (option is supplied, no path search is performed, and)2.743 F F2 -(\214lename)4.653 E F0 .242(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F 1.711 -(of the command.)144 132 R(The)6.711 E F1<ad72>4.211 E F0 1.711 -(option causes the shell to for)4.211 F 1.712 -(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)6.712 E F1<ad64>4.212 E F0 -.833(option causes the shell to for)144 144 R .833 -(get the remembered location of each)-.18 F F2(name)3.333 E F0 5.833(.I) -C 3.333(ft)-5.833 G(he)-3.333 E F1<ad74>3.333 E F0 .833(option is sup-) -3.333 F .703(plied, the full pathname to which each)144 156 R F2(name) -3.204 E F0 .704(corresponds is printed.)3.204 F .704(If multiple)5.704 F -F2(name)3.204 E F0(ar)3.204 E(guments)-.18 E .795(are supplied with)144 -168 R F1<ad74>3.295 E F0 3.295(,t)C(he)-3.295 E F2(name)3.295 E F0 .795 -(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)3.295 F(The)5.795 E F1 -<ad6c>3.295 E F0 .795(option causes)3.295 F .934 -(output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144 180 -R .934(If no ar)5.934 F .935(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .935 -(n, or if).15 F(only)144 192 Q F1<ad6c>2.822 E F0 .322 -(is supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)2.822 F -.321(The return status is true)5.321 F(unless a)144 204 Q F2(name)2.86 E -F0(is not found or an in)2.68 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is supplied.) -.25 E F1(help)108 220.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2 -(pattern)-2.5 E F0(])A .866(Display helpful information about b)144 -232.8 R .867(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F2(pattern)4.617 E F0 -.867(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F1(help)3.367 E F0(gi)3.367 E -.15(ve)-.25 -G 3.367(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.367 E .307(help on all commands matching)144 -244.8 R F2(pattern)2.807 E F0 2.807(;o).24 G .307 -(therwise help for all the b)-2.807 F .306 +(\214lename)4.653 E F0 .242(is used as the full \214lename)2.923 F .615 +(of the command.)144 132 R(The)5.615 E F1<ad72>3.115 E F0 .615 +(option causes the shell to for)3.115 F .615 +(get all remembered locations.)-.18 F(The)5.615 E F1<ad64>3.115 E F0 +(op-)3.115 E .294(tion causes the shell to for)144 144 R .294 +(get the remembered location of each)-.18 F F2(name)2.793 E F0 5.293(.I) +C 2.793(ft)-5.293 G(he)-2.793 E F1<ad74>2.793 E F0 .293 +(option is supplied,)2.793 F .028(the full pathname to which each)144 +156 R F2(name)2.528 E F0 .028(corresponds is printed.)2.528 F .028 +(If multiple)5.028 F F2(name)2.528 E F0(ar)2.528 E .028 +(guments are sup-)-.18 F .176(plied with)144 168 R F1<ad74>2.676 E F0 +2.676(,t)C(he)-2.676 E F2(name)2.676 E F0 .175 +(is printed before the hashed full pathname.)2.676 F(The)5.175 E F1 +<ad6c>2.675 E F0 .175(option causes output to)2.675 F .783 +(be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.)144 180 R .783 +(If no ar)5.783 F .783(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .783 +(n, or if only).15 F F1<ad6c>3.283 E F0(is)3.283 E .807 +(supplied, information about remembered commands is printed.)144 192 R +.807(The return status is true unless a)5.807 F F2(name)144.36 204 Q F0 +(is not found or an in)2.68 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is supplied.).25 +E F1(help)108 220.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255dms)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(pattern) +-2.5 E F0(])A .866(Display helpful information about b)144 232.8 R .867 +(uiltin commands.)-.2 F(If)5.867 E F2(pattern)4.617 E F0 .867 +(is speci\214ed,)3.607 F F1(help)3.367 E F0(gi)3.367 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.367(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.367 E .224(help on all commands matching)144 +244.8 R F2(pattern)3.974 E F0 2.723(;o).24 G .223 +(therwise help for all the b)-2.723 F .223 (uiltins and shell control struc-)-.2 F(tures is printed.)144 256.8 Q F1 <ad64>144 268.8 Q F0(Display a short description of each)180 268.8 Q F2 (pattern)2.5 E F1<ad6d>144 280.8 Q F0(Display the description of each) @@ -1395,7 +1414,7 @@ G 3.367(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.367 E .307(help on all commands matching)144 (ormat)-2.5 E F1<ad73>144 292.8 Q F0 (Display only a short usage synopsis for each)180 292.8 Q F2(pattern)2.5 E F0(The return status is 0 unless no command matches)144 309.6 Q F2 -(pattern)2.5 E F0(.).24 E F1(history [)108 326.4 Q F2(n)A F1(])A +(pattern)3.75 E F0(.).24 E F1(history [)108 326.4 Q F2(n)A F1(])A (history \255c)108 338.4 Q(history \255d)108 350.4 Q F2(of)2.5 E(fset) -.18 E F1(history \255d)108 362.4 Q F2(start)2.5 E F0<ad>A F2(end)A F1 (history \255anrw)108 374.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\214lename)A F0(])A F1 @@ -1478,104 +1497,107 @@ E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .669 (ed with the history comment character)-.1 F 5.668(.W)-.55 G .668 (hen the history)-5.668 F .955(\214le is read, lines be)144 96 R .956 (ginning with the history comment character follo)-.15 F .956 -(wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F 1.796 -(are interpreted as timestamps for the follo)144 108 R 1.795 -(wing history entry)-.25 F 6.795(.T)-.65 G 1.795(he return v)-6.795 F -1.795(alue is 0 unless an)-.25 F(in)144 120 Q -.25(va)-.4 G .768(lid op\ -tion is encountered, an error occurs while reading or writing the histo\ -ry \214le, an in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(of)144 132 Q(fset)-.18 E F0 1.032(is supplied as an ar)3.532 F 1.031 -(gument to)-.18 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad64>3.531 E F0 3.531(,o)C 3.531 -(rt)-3.531 G 1.031(he history e)-3.531 F 1.031 -(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 F 1.031(gument to)-.18 F F2<ad70>3.531 -E F0 -.1(fa)144 144 S(ils.).1 E F2(jobs)108 160.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5 E F2(jobs \255x)108 -172.8 Q F1(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E -(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 184.8 Q .3 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5 +(wed immediately by a digit)-.25 F .833 +(are interpreted as timestamps for the follo)144 108 R .833 +(wing history entry)-.25 F 5.832(.T)-.65 G .832(he return v)-5.832 F +.832(alue is 0 unless an in-)-.25 F -.25(va)144 120 S .168(lid option i\ +s encountered, an error occurs while reading or writing the history \ +\214le, an in).25 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(of) +2.669 E(f-)-.18 E(set)144 132 Q F0(is supplied as an ar)2.5 E(gument to) +-.18 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad64>2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5(rt)-2.5 G +(he history e)-2.5 E(xpansion supplied as an ar)-.15 E(gument to)-.18 E +F2<ad70>2.5 E F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F2(jobs)108 148.8 Q F0([)2.5 E +F2(\255lnprs)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(jobspec)A F0(... ])2.5 E F2(jobs \255x)108 +160.8 Q F1(command)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0(... ])2.5 E +(The \214rst form lists the acti)144 172.8 Q .3 -.15(ve j)-.25 H 2.5 (obs. The).15 F(options ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad6c>144 196.8 Q F0 -(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)180 196.8 Q F2 -<ad6e>144 208.8 Q F0 .193(Display information only about jobs that ha) -180 208.8 R .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .194(hanged status since the user w).15 -F .194(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 220.8 Q F2<ad70> -144 232.8 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')180 232.8 Q 2.5(sp) --.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2<ad72>144 244.8 Q F0 -(Display only running jobs.)180 244.8 Q F2<ad73>144 256.8 Q F0 -(Display only stopped jobs.)180 256.8 Q(If)144 273.6 Q F1(jobspec)4.554 -E F0 .314(is gi)3.124 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .314 -(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.313(.T) --.4 G .313(he return status is 0 unless)-5.313 F(an in)144 285.6 Q -.25 +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad6c>144 184.8 Q F0 +(List process IDs in addition to the normal information.)180 184.8 Q F2 +<ad6e>144 196.8 Q F0 .194(Display information only about jobs that ha) +180 196.8 R .494 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .193(hanged status since the user w).15 +F .193(as last noti-)-.1 F(\214ed of their status.)180 208.8 Q F2<ad70> +144 220.8 Q F0(List only the process ID of the job')180 220.8 Q 2.5(sp) +-.55 G(rocess group leader)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2<ad72>144 232.8 Q F0 +(Display only running jobs.)180 232.8 Q F2<ad73>144 244.8 Q F0 +(Display only stopped jobs.)180 244.8 Q(If)144 261.6 Q F1(jobspec)4.553 +E F0 .313(is gi)3.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313 +(n, output is restricted to information about that job).15 F 5.314(.T) +-.4 G .314(he return status is 0 unless)-5.314 F(an in)144 273.6 Q -.25 (va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered or an in).25 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 -E F1(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .394(If the)144 302.4 R F2 -<ad78>2.894 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F2(jobs)2.894 E F0 +E F1(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 290.4 R F2 +<ad78>2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied,)2.894 F F2(jobs)2.894 E F0 .394(replaces an)2.894 F(y)-.15 E F1(jobspec)4.634 E F0 .394(found in) -3.204 F F1(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F1(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .395 -(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 314.4 Q +3.204 F F1(command)3.094 E F0(or)3.664 E F1(ar)3.224 E(gs)-.37 E F0 .394 +(with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 302.4 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F1(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F1(ar) -2.5 E(gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.)-.15 E -F2(kill)108 331.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad73>A F1(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2 -<ad6e>2.5 E F1(signum)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2<ad>2.5 E F1(sigspec)A F0 2.5 +2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.)-.15 +E F2(kill)108 319.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad73>A F1(sigspec)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E +F2<ad6e>2.5 E F1(signum)2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F2<ad>2.5 E F1(sigspec)A F0 2.5 (][)C F1(pid)-2.5 E F0(|)2.5 E F1(jobspec)2.5 E F0 2.5(].)C(..)-2.5 E F2 -(kill \255l)108 343.2 Q F0(|)A F2<ad4c>A F0([)2.5 E F1(sigspec)A F0(|) -2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(it_status).2 E F0(])A .12 -(Send the signal named by)144 355.2 R F1(sigspec)2.96 E F0(or)2.93 E F1 -(signum)2.96 E F0 .119(to the processes named by)2.939 F F1(pid)3.869 E -F0(or)3.389 E F1(jobspec)2.619 E F0(.).31 E F1(sigspec)5.459 E F0(is) -2.929 E .318(either a case-insensiti)144 367.2 R .618 -.15(ve s)-.25 H -.318(ignal name such as).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGKILL)2.818 E F0 -.319(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.819 E F0 .319 -(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.569 F(number;)144 379.2 Q F1(signum)4.189 E F0 -1.349(is a signal number)4.169 F 6.349(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.349 E F1(sigspec) -4.189 E F0 1.349(is not present, then)4.159 F F3(SIGTERM)3.849 E F0 -1.348(is assumed.)3.599 F(An)6.348 E(ar)144 391.2 Q .522(gument of)-.18 -F F2<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(lists the signal names.)3.023 F .523(If an) -5.523 F 3.023(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.023 G .523(uments are supplied when) -.18 F F2<ad6c>3.023 E F0 .523(is gi)3.023 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .523 -(n, the names).15 F .28(of the signals corresponding to the ar)144 403.2 -R .28(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The)5.28 E -F1 -.2(ex)2.78 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)144 415.2 Q .377(gument to)-.18 F -F2<ad6c>2.877 E F0 .378 -(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)2.877 F .378 -(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .963(nated by a signal.)144 427.2 +(kill \255l)108 331.2 Q F0(|)A F2<ad4c>A F0([)2.5 E F1(sigspec)A F0(|) +2.5 E F1 -.2(ex)2.5 G(it_status).2 E F0(])A .017 +(Send the signal named by)144 343.2 R F1(sigspec)2.857 E F0(or)2.827 E +F1(signum)2.857 E F0 .017(to the processes named by)2.837 F F1(pid)3.767 +E F0(or)3.287 E F1(jobspec)4.257 E F0(.).31 E F1(sigspec)5.357 E F0(is) +2.828 E .319(either a case-insensiti)144 355.2 R .619 -.15(ve s)-.25 H +.319(ignal name such as).15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGKILL)2.819 E F0 +.318(\(with or without the)2.569 F F3(SIG)2.818 E F0 .318 +(pre\214x\) or a signal)2.568 F(number;)144 367.2 Q F1(signum)3.267 E F0 +.427(is a signal number)3.247 F 5.427(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.427 E F1(sigspec) +3.267 E F0 .427(is not present, then)3.237 F F3(SIGTERM)2.927 E F0 .427 +(is assumed.)2.677 F .428(An ar)5.427 F(-)-.2 E .314(gument of)144 379.2 +R F2<ad6c>2.814 E F0 .314(lists the signal names.)2.814 F .314(If an) +5.314 F 2.814(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-2.814 G .314(uments are supplied when) +.18 F F2<ad6c>2.814 E F0 .314(is gi)2.814 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .313 +(n, the names of).15 F .119(the signals corresponding to the ar)144 +391.2 R .119(guments are listed, and the return status is 0.)-.18 F(The) +5.12 E F1 -.2(ex)2.62 G(it_status).2 E F0(ar)2.62 E(-)-.2 E .8 +(gument to)144 403.2 R F2<ad6c>3.3 E F0 .8 +(is a number specifying either a signal number or the e)3.3 F .799 +(xit status of a process termi-)-.15 F .962(nated by a signal.)144 415.2 R(The)5.962 E F2<ad4c>3.462 E F0 .962(option is equi)3.462 F -.25(va) -.25 G .962(lent to).25 F F2<ad6c>3.462 E F0(.)A F2(kill)5.962 E F0 .962 (returns true if at least one signal w)3.462 F(as)-.1 E -(successfully sent, or f)144 439.2 Q(alse if an error occurs or an in) --.1 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 E F2(let)108 456 Q F1 +(successfully sent, or f)144 427.2 Q(alse if an error occurs or an in) +-.1 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid option is encountered.).25 E F2(let)108 444 Q F1 (ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0([)2.5 E F1(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E(Each)144 -468 Q F1(ar)3.026 E(g)-.37 E F0 .196(is an arithmetic e)2.916 F .197 -(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .197(luated \(see).25 F F3 .197 -(ARITHMETIC EV)2.697 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo) -2.447 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.697(\). If).15 F(the last)144 480 Q F1(ar)2.83 +456 Q F1(ar)3.027 E(g)-.37 E F0 .197(is an arithmetic e)2.917 F .197 +(xpression to be e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .196(luated \(see).25 F F3 .196 +(ARITHMETIC EV)2.696 F(ALU)-1.215 E -.855(AT)-.54 G(ION).855 E F0(abo) +2.446 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.696(\). If).15 F(the last)144 468 Q F1(ar)2.83 E(g)-.37 E F0 -.25(eva)2.72 G(luates to 0,).25 E F2(let)2.5 E F0 -(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F2(local)108 496.8 Q F0([)2.5 +(returns 1; 0 is returned otherwise.)2.5 E F2(local)108 484.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(option)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(value)A F0 2.5(].)C -(.. | \255 ])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 508.8 S 2.56(re).15 G .06(ach ar)-2.56 F -.06(gument, a local v)-.18 F .06(ariable named)-.25 F F1(name)2.92 E F0 -.06(is created, and assigned)2.74 F F1(value)2.56 E F0 5.06(.T).18 G(he) --5.06 E F1(option)2.56 E F0 .06(can be)2.56 F(an)144 520.8 Q 3.152(yo) --.15 G 3.152(ft)-3.152 G .652(he options accepted by)-3.152 F F2(declar) -3.152 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W)C(hen)-5.652 E F2(local)3.152 E F0 .653 +(.. | \255 ])-2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 496.8 S 2.541(re).15 G .041(ach ar) +-2.541 F .042(gument, a local v)-.18 F .042(ariable named)-.25 F F1 +(name)2.902 E F0 .042(is created, and assigned)2.722 F F1(value)2.832 E +F0 5.042(.T).18 G(he)-5.042 E F1(option)2.542 E F0 .042(can be)2.542 F +(an)144 508.8 Q 3.153(yo)-.15 G 3.153(ft)-3.153 G .653 +(he options accepted by)-3.153 F F2(declar)3.153 E(e)-.18 E F0 5.652(.W) +C(hen)-5.652 E F2(local)3.152 E F0 .652 (is used within a function, it causes the v)3.152 F(ari-)-.25 E(able)144 -532.8 Q F1(name)3.282 E F0 .422(to ha)3.102 F .722 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H +520.8 Q F1(name)3.281 E F0 .421(to ha)3.101 F .721 -.15(ve a v)-.2 H .422(isible scope restricted to that function and its children.).15 F -(If)5.421 E F1(name)2.921 E F0 .421(is \255, the set)2.921 F 1.461 -(of shell options is made local to the function in which)144 544.8 R F2 -(local)3.961 E F0 1.462(is in)3.961 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 1.462 -(d: shell options changed).1 F 1.563(using the)144 556.8 R F2(set)4.063 -E F0 -.2(bu)4.063 G 1.563 -(iltin inside the function are restored to their original v).2 F 1.562 -(alues when the function)-.25 F 3.743(returns. W)144 568.8 R 1.243 -(ith no operands,)-.4 F F2(local)3.743 E F0 1.243 -(writes a list of local v)3.743 F 1.244 -(ariables to the standard output.)-.25 F 1.244(It is an)6.244 F .42 -(error to use)144 580.8 R F2(local)2.92 E F0 .42 -(when not within a function.)2.92 F .42(The return status is 0 unless) -5.42 F F2(local)2.92 E F0 .42(is used outside a)2.92 F(function, an in) -144 592.8 Q -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F1(name)2.86 E F0(is supplied, or) -2.68 E F1(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F2(logout) -108 609.6 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)144 609.6 Q F2(map\214le)108 626.4 Q -F0([)2.5 E F2<ad64>A F1(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad6e>-2.5 E F1(count) +(If)5.422 E F1(name)2.922 E F0 .422(is \255, the set)2.922 F .51 +(of shell options is made local to the function in which)144 532.8 R F2 +(local)3.009 E F0 .509(is in)3.009 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G .509 +(d: shell options changed us-).1 F 1.17(ing the)144 544.8 R F2(set)3.67 +E F0 -.2(bu)3.67 G 1.171 +(iltin inside the function are restored to their original v).2 F 1.171 +(alues when the function re-)-.25 F 3.381(turns. The)144 556.8 R .881 +(restore is ef)3.381 F .881(fected as if a series of)-.25 F F2(set)3.381 +E F0 .88(commands were e)3.38 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .88 +(cuted to restore the v).15 F(alues)-.25 E .787 +(that were in place before the function.)144 568.8 R -.4(Wi)5.788 G .788 +(th no operands,).4 F F2(local)3.288 E F0 .788(writes a list of local v) +3.288 F .788(ariables to)-.25 F .655(the standard output.)144 580.8 R +.654(It is an error to use)5.655 F F2(local)3.154 E F0 .654 +(when not within a function.)3.154 F .654(The return status is 0)5.654 F +(unless)144 592.8 Q F2(local)2.5 E F0(is used outside a function, an in) +2.5 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F1(name)2.86 E F0(is supplied, or)2.68 E +F1(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F2(logout)108 +609.6 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)144 609.6 Q F2(map\214le)108 626.4 Q F0 +([)2.5 E F2<ad64>A F1(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad6e>-2.5 E F1(count) 2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad4f>-2.5 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad73> -2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75> -2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43>-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E @@ -1586,12 +1608,12 @@ F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E (count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1 (fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43>-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][) C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(])A .179(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 650.4 R --.15(xe)-.15 G 2.679(da).15 G .179(rray v)-2.679 F(ariable)-.25 E F1 -(arr)2.68 E(ay)-.15 E F0 2.68(,o).32 G 2.68(rf)-2.68 G .18 -(rom \214le descriptor)-2.68 F F1(fd)4.65 E F0 1.249(if the)144 662.4 R -F2<ad75>3.749 E F0 1.249(option is supplied.)3.749 F 1.249(The v)6.249 F -(ariable)-.25 E F3(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 +(])A .158(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 650.4 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G 2.659(da).15 G .159(rray v)-2.659 F(ariable)-.25 E F1 +(arr)2.989 E(ay)-.15 E F0 2.659(,o).32 G 2.659(rf)-2.659 G .159 +(rom \214le descriptor)-2.659 F F1(fd)4.629 E F0 1.249(if the)144 662.4 +R F2<ad75>3.749 E F0 1.249(option is supplied.)3.749 F 1.249(The v)6.249 +F(ariable)-.25 E F3(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 E F1(arr)3.748 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.248(.O)C 1.248(ptions, if supplied,) -6.248 F(ha)144 674.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E (wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad64>144 686.4 Q F0 .91 @@ -1611,7 +1633,7 @@ BP (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad4f>144 84 Q F0(Be) 180 84 Q(gin assigning to)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(arr)2.83 E(ay) --.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 E(x)-.15 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def) +-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 E(x)-.15 E F2(origin)2.73 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def) -5 E(ault inde)-.1 E 2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F1<ad73>144 96 Q F0(Discard the \214rst)180 96 Q F2(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F1 <ad74>144 108 Q F0(Remo)180 108 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing).15 E F2 @@ -1620,9 +1642,9 @@ Q F0(Discard the \214rst)180 96 Q F2(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F1 F2(fd)2.5 E F0(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F1<ad43>144 132 Q F0 (Ev)180 132 Q(aluate)-.25 E F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 E F0 -(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0(.).32 E F1<ad63>144 144 Q +(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.75 E F0(.).32 E F1<ad63>144 144 Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)180 144 Q F2 -(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 160.8 Q F1<ad43>2.968 E F0 .467 +(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 160.8 Q F1<ad43>2.968 E F0 .467 (is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F1<ad63>2.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467 (he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F2 (callbac)2.967 E(k)-.2 E F0 .467(is e)2.967 F -.25(va)-.25 G .467 @@ -1635,10 +1657,10 @@ F0 .275(is e)2.775 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274 (ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 196.8 Q (If not supplied with an e)144 213.6 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F1 (map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 230.4 Q F0 1.905 -(returns successfully unless an in)4.405 F -.25(va)-.4 G 1.905 -(lid option or option ar).25 F 1.906(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F2(arr) -4.406 E(ay)-.15 E F0(is)4.406 E(in)144 242.4 Q -.25(va)-.4 G +(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 230.4 Q F0 .797 +(returns successfully unless an in)3.297 F -.25(va)-.4 G .797 +(lid option or option ar).25 F .797(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F2(arr) +3.297 E(ay)-.15 E F0 .798(is in-)3.298 F -.25(va)144 242.4 S (lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 (is not an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E F1(popd)108 259.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 @@ -1673,16 +1695,16 @@ F F1(popd)5.644 E F0 .416(returns f)144 396 R .416(alse if an in)-.1 F (,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.915 E .415(xistent direc-)-.15 F (tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 408 Q (ails.)-.1 E F1(printf)108 424.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad76>A F2(var)2.5 E F0 -(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A 1.436 -(Write the formatted)144 436.8 R F2(ar)3.936 E(guments)-.37 E F0 1.437 -(to the standard output under the control of the)3.936 F F2(format)3.937 -E F0 6.437(.T)C(he)-6.437 E F1<ad76>3.937 E F0 .126 -(option causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 448.8 R(ariable) --.25 E F2(var)2.626 E F0 .126(rather than being printed to the standard) -2.626 F(output.)144 460.8 Q(The)144 484.8 Q F2(format)3.017 E F0 .517(i\ -s a character string which contains three types of objects: plain chara\ -cters, which are)3.017 F .704(simply copied to standard output, charact\ -er escape sequences, which are con)144 496.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .703 +(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .357 +(Write the formatted)144 436.8 R F2(ar)2.857 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .357 +(to the standard output under the control of the)2.857 F F2(format)2.858 +E F0 5.358(.T)C(he)-5.358 E F1<ad76>2.858 E F0(op-)2.858 E .714 +(tion causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 448.8 R(ariable)-.25 +E F2(var)3.214 E F0 .714(rather than being printed to the standard)3.214 +F(output.)144 460.8 Q(The)144 484.8 Q F2(format)3.017 E F0 .517(is a ch\ +aracter string which contains three types of objects: plain characters,\ + which are)3.017 F .704(simply copied to standard output, character esc\ +ape sequences, which are con)144 496.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .703 (rted and copied to).15 F .036(the standard output, and format speci\ \214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 508.8 R .037 (xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(ar)144 520.8 Q(gument)-.37 E F0 @@ -1711,1289 +1733,1250 @@ F1(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)2.51 F F2(ar)2.51 E (ve)-.4 G .21(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.71(sa).15 G 2.71(si)-2.71 G 2.71<66ad>-2.71 G 2.71(1h)-2.71 G .21(ad been gi)-2.71 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.71(n. This).15 F .21(is an e)2.71 F .21(xception to the usual)-.15 F -F1(printf)2.71 E F0(beha)180 664.8 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E(Ar)144 681.6 Q -.464(guments to non-string format speci\214ers are treated as C constan\ -ts, e)-.18 F .463(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F 1.258 -(minus sign is allo)144 693.6 R 1.259 -(wed, and if the leading character is a single or double quote, the v) --.25 F 1.259(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 705.6 Q(alue of the follo) --.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 722.4 Q F2(format)3.424 E -F0 .923(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)3.424 F F2(ar)3.423 -E(guments)-.37 E F0 5.923(.I)C 3.423(ft)-5.923 G(he)-3.423 E F2(format) -3.423 E F0 .923(requires more)3.423 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20) -149.565 E(12)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +F1(printf)2.71 E F0(beha)180 664.8 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .902 +(The %b, %q, and %T directi)144 681.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.401(sa).15 G +.901(ll use the \214eld width and precision ar)-3.401 F .901 +(guments from the format)-.18 F .357(speci\214cation and write that man) +144 693.6 R 2.857(yb)-.15 G .358 +(ytes from \(or use that wide a \214eld for\) the e)-2.857 F .358 +(xpanded ar)-.15 F(gument,)-.18 E +(which usually contains more characters than the original.)144 705.6 Q +(Ar)144 722.4 Q .464(guments to non-string format speci\214ers are trea\ +ted as C constants, e)-.18 F .463(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(12)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 13 13 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)144 84 Q -(guments)-.37 E F0 .033(than are supplied, the e)2.533 F .033 -(xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .333 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.533(si) -.15 G 2.533(faz)-2.533 G .033(ero v)-2.533 F .034(alue or null string,) --.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 96 Q(The return v)5 E -(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E/F2 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(pushd)108 112.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+) --2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A F2(pushd)108 124.8 Q -F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C F1(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .64(Adds a direct\ -ory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates the stack, making the\ - ne)144 136.8 R 3.139(wt)-.25 G .639(op of the)-3.139 F .416 -(stack the current w)144 148.8 R .416(orking directory)-.1 F 5.416(.W) --.65 G .416(ith no ar)-5.816 F(guments,)-.18 E F2(pushd)2.916 E F0 -.15 -(ex)2.916 G .416(changes the top tw).15 F 2.917(od)-.1 G(irectories) --2.917 E 1.625(and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 -160.8 R 6.625(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.625 G 1.625(uments, if supplied, ha) -.18 F 1.925 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.625(he follo).15 F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:) -144 172.8 Q F2<ad6e>144 184.8 Q F0 1.811(Suppresses the normal change o\ -f directory when rotating or adding directories to the)180 184.8 R -(stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.)180 196.8 Q F2(+)144 -208.8 Q F1(n)A F0 1.268(Rotates the stack so that the)180 208.8 R F1(n) +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 1.258(minus sign is allo)144 84 R 1.259 +(wed, and if the leading character is a single or double quote, the v) +-.25 F 1.259(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 96 Q(alue of the follo)-.25 +E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 112.8 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(format)2.515 E F0 .015(is reused as necessary to consume all of the) +2.515 F F1(ar)2.515 E(guments)-.37 E F0 5.015(.I)C 2.514(ft)-5.015 G(he) +-2.514 E F1(format)2.514 E F0 .014(requires more)2.514 F F1(ar)2.514 E +(-)-.2 E(guments)144 124.8 Q F0 .565(than are supplied, the e)3.065 F +.566(xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .866 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.066 +(si).15 G 3.066(faz)-3.066 G .566(ero v)-3.066 F .566 +(alue or null string,)-.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 +136.8 Q(The return v)5 E(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E +(ailure.)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pushd)108 153.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 +<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A +F2(pushd)108 165.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C F1(dir)-2.5 E F0 +(])A .64(Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates\ + the stack, making the ne)144 177.6 R 3.139(wt)-.25 G .639(op of the) +-3.139 F .416(stack the current w)144 189.6 R .416(orking directory)-.1 +F 5.416(.W)-.65 G .416(ith no ar)-5.816 F(guments,)-.18 E F2(pushd)2.916 +E F0 -.15(ex)2.916 G .416(changes the top tw).15 F 2.917(od)-.1 G +(irectories)-2.917 E 1.625 +(and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 201.6 R 6.625 +(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.625 G 1.625(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.925 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.625(he follo).15 F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 213.6 Q +F2<ad6e>144 225.6 Q F0 1.811(Suppresses the normal change of directory \ +when rotating or adding directories to the)180 225.6 R +(stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.)180 237.6 Q F2(+)144 +249.6 Q F1(n)A F0 1.268(Rotates the stack so that the)180 249.6 R F1(n) 3.768 E F0 1.267(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B -1.267(wn by)-.25 F F2(dirs)180 220.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C -(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F2<ad>144 232.8 Q F1(n)A F0 -.92(Rotates the stack so that the)180 232.8 R F1(n)3.42 E F0 .92 +1.267(wn by)-.25 F F2(dirs)180 261.6 Q F0 2.5(,s)C +(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F2<ad>144 273.6 Q F1(n)A F0 +.92(Rotates the stack so that the)180 273.6 R F1(n)3.42 E F0 .92 (th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25 -F F2(dirs)180 244.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.) --2.5 E F1(dir)144.35 256.8 Q F0(Adds)180 256.8 Q F1(dir)3.138 E F0 .288 +F F2(dirs)180 285.6 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.) +-2.5 E F1(dir)144.35 297.6 Q F0(Adds)180 297.6 Q F1(dir)3.138 E F0 .288 (to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.518 F 2.787(wc) -.25 G .287(urrent w)-2.787 F .287(orking directory as)-.1 F -(if it had been supplied as the ar)180 268.8 Q(gument to the)-.18 E F2 -(cd)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .488(If the)144 285.6 R F2(pushd) +(if it had been supplied as the ar)180 309.6 Q(gument to the)-.18 E F2 +(cd)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .488(If the)144 326.4 R F2(pushd) 2.988 E F0 .488(command is successful, a)2.988 F F2(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488 (is performed as well.)2.988 F .489(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F -F2(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 297.6 R F1(dir) +F2(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 338.4 R F1(dir) 3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G 3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 F F2(pushd)3.539 E F0 1.039(returns 0 unless the directory)3.539 F .846 -(stack is empty)144 309.6 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent\ +(stack is empty)144 350.4 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent\ directory stack element is speci\214ed, or the directory change to the) --.15 F(speci\214ed ne)144 321.6 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 -E(ails.)-.1 E F2(pwd)108 338.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255LP)A F0(])A .845 -(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 350.4 R .845 +-.15 F(speci\214ed ne)144 362.4 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 +E(ails.)-.1 E F2(pwd)108 379.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255LP)A F0(])A .845 +(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 391.2 R .845 (orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844 (he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144 -362.4 R F2<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F2 +403.2 R F2<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F2 .181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F2 (set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264 -(enabled. If)144 374.4 R(the)3.264 E F2<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763 +(enabled. If)144 415.2 R(the)3.264 E F2<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763 (option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264 -F .763(The return)5.763 F 1.36(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ - reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 386.4 R -.25(va) --.4 G(lid).25 E(option is supplied.)144 398.4 Q F2 -.18(re)108 415.2 S -(ad).18 E F0([)3.817 E F2(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad61>-3.817 E F1 -(aname)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad64>-3.817 E F1(delim)3.817 E F0 3.817 -(][)C F2<ad69>-3.817 E F1(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad6e> --3.817 E F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad4e>-3.816 E -F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad70>-3.816 E F1(pr) -3.816 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad74>-3.816 E F1(timeout)3.816 E F0 -3.816(][)C F2<ad75>-3.816 E F1(fd)3.816 E F0(])A([)108 427.2 Q F1(name)A -F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input, or from th\ -e \214le descriptor)144 439.2 R F1(fd)3.016 E F0 .516(supplied as an ar) -3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 451.2 Q F2<ad75>3.848 E F0 1.348 -(option, split into w)3.848 F 1.348(ords as described abo)-.1 F 1.647 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 -.75(Wo)3.847 G 1.347(rd Splitting).75 F -F0 3.847(,a)C 1.347(nd the \214rst w)-3.847 F 1.347(ord is)-.1 F 1.465 -(assigned to the \214rst)144 463.2 R F1(name)3.965 E F0 3.965(,t).18 G -1.465(he second w)-3.965 F 1.465(ord to the second)-.1 F F1(name)3.965 E -F0 3.965(,a).18 G 1.465(nd so on.)-3.965 F 1.465(If there are more)6.465 -F -.1(wo)144 475.2 S 1.112(rds than names, the remaining w).1 F 1.112 -(ords and their interv)-.1 F 1.112 -(ening delimiters are assigned to the last)-.15 F F1(name)144 487.2 Q F0 -5.722(.I).18 G 3.222(ft)-5.722 G .722(here are fe)-3.222 F .722(wer w) --.25 F .723 -(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names are)-.1 -F .532(assigned empty v)144 499.2 R 3.032(alues. The)-.25 F .532 -(characters in)3.032 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.032 E F0 .531 -(are used to split the line into w)2.782 F .531(ords using the same)-.1 -F .197(rules the shell uses for e)144 511.2 R .197 -(xpansion \(described abo)-.15 F .497 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 --.75(Wo)2.697 G .197(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.697(\). The)B .197 -(backslash charac-)2.697 F .157(ter \()144 523.2 R F2(\\)A F0 2.657(\)m) -C .157(ay be used to remo)-2.657 F .457 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .457 -.15(ny s) -.15 H .157(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .156 -(xt character read and for line continu-)-.15 F 2.5(ation. Options,)144 -535.2 R(if supplied, ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 547.2 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.049 -(The w)180 559.2 R 1.049 -(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable) --.25 E F1(aname)3.55 E F0 3.55(,s).18 G 1.05(tarting at 0.)-3.55 F F1 -(aname)180.33 571.2 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25 -(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F1(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 -E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F2<ad64>144 583.2 Q F1(delim)2.5 E F0 -1.318(The \214rst character of)180 595.2 R F1(delim)3.818 E F0 1.317 -(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)3.818 F 3.817 -(wline. If)-.25 F F1(delim)180 607.2 Q F0(is the empty string,)2.5 E F2 --.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 +F .763(The return)5.763 F .405(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ + reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 427.2 R -.25(va) +-.4 G .405(lid op-).25 F(tion is supplied.)144 439.2 Q F2 -.18(re)108 +456 S(ad).18 E F0([)3.817 E F2(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad61>-3.817 E +F1(aname)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad64>-3.817 E F1(delim)3.817 E F0 +3.817(][)C F2<ad69>-3.817 E F1(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.817(][)C F2 +<ad6e>-3.817 E F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad4e> +-3.816 E F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad70>-3.816 E +F1(pr)3.816 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad74>-3.816 E F1(timeout) +3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad75>-3.816 E F1(fd)3.816 E F0(])A([)108 468 Q +F1(name)A F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input, \ +or from the \214le descriptor)144 480 R F1(fd)3.016 E F0 .516 +(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 492 Q F2<ad75> +2.936 E F0 .436(option, split into w)2.936 F .435(ords as described abo) +-.1 F .735 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 -.75(Wo)2.935 G .435 +(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.935(,a)C .435(nd the \214rst w)-2.935 F .435 +(ord is as-)-.1 F .375(signed to the \214rst)144 504 R F1(name)3.235 E +F0 2.876(,t).18 G .376(he second w)-2.876 F .376(ord to the second)-.1 F +F1(name)3.236 E F0 2.876(,a).18 G .376(nd so on.)-2.876 F .376 +(If there are more w)5.376 F(ords)-.1 E .237 +(than names, the remaining w)144 516 R .237(ords and their interv)-.1 F +.237(ening delimiters are assigned to the last)-.15 F F1(name)3.096 E F0 +5.236(.I).18 G(f)-5.236 E .874(there are fe)144 528 R .874(wer w)-.25 F +.875(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names ar\ +e assigned)-.1 F .518(empty v)144 540 R 3.018(alues. The)-.25 F .518 +(characters in)3.018 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.018 E F0 .518 +(are used to split the line into w)2.768 F .517 +(ords using the same rules the)-.1 F .026(shell uses for e)144 552 R +.026(xpansion \(described abo)-.15 F .326 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 +-.75(Wo)2.526 G .026(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.526(\). The)B .026 +(backslash character \()2.526 F F2(\\)A F0 2.527(\)m)C(ay)-2.527 E .489 +(be used to remo)144 564 R .788 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .788 -.15(ny s).15 H +.488(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .488 +(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F(Op-)5.488 E +(tions, if supplied, ha)144 576 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 588 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.025(The w) +180 600 R 1.026(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v) +-.1 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(aname)3.856 E F0 3.526(,s).18 G 1.026 +(tarting at 0.)-3.526 F F1(aname)180.33 612 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 +E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E +F1(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F2<ad64>144 624 Q +F1(delim)2.5 E F0 .281(The \214rst character of)180 636 R F1(delim)2.781 +E F0 .281(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.781 F +2.78(wline. If)-.25 F F1(de-)2.78 E(lim)180 648 Q F0 +(is the empty string,)2.5 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 (will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2 -<ad65>144 619.2 Q F0 .372 -(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 619.2 R F2 -.18 -(re)2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo) -2.623 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E -.218(to obtain the line.)180 631.2 R .218 -(Readline uses the current \(or def)5.218 F .218 -(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E -(acti)180 643.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings, b)-2.5 E -(ut uses Readline')-.2 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ef)-2.5 E -(ault \214lename completion.)-.1 E F2<ad69>144 655.2 Q F1(te)2.5 E(xt) --.2 E F0(If)180 655.2 Q F2 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216 +<ad65>144 660 Q F0 .372 +(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 660 R F2 -.18(re) +2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218 +(to obtain the line.)180 672 R .218(Readline uses the current \(or def) +5.218 F .218(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F +(viously)-.25 E(acti)180 684 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G +(diting settings, b)-2.5 E(ut uses Readline')-.2 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ef)-2.5 +E(ault \214lename completion.)-.1 E F2<ad69>144 696 Q F1(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 +E F0(If)180 696 Q F2 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216 (is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F1(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216 (is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .216(fer before edit-) --.25 F(ing be)180 667.2 Q(gins.)-.15 E F2<ad6e>144 679.2 Q F1(nc)2.5 E -(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F2 -.18(re)180 691.2 S(ad).18 E F0 1.395 -(returns after reading)3.895 F F1(nc)3.895 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.395 -(characters rather than w)3.895 F 1.394(aiting for a complete line of) --.1 F(input, b)180 703.2 Q(ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than) --.25 E F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 -(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 -768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(13)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +-.25 F(ing be)180 708 Q(gins.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20) +149.565 E(13)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 14 14 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad4e>144 84 Q/F2 10 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6e>144 84 Q/F2 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 96 S(ad) +.18 E F0 .323(returns after reading)2.823 F F2(nc)2.823 E(har)-.15 E(s) +-.1 E F0 .323(characters rather than w)2.823 F .323 +(aiting for a complete line of in-)-.1 F(put, b)180 108 Q +(ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 +E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1 +<ad4e>144 120 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 132 S(ad) .18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)3.769 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.27 (aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275 -(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 108 R F1 -.18(re)2.775 +(line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 144 R F1 -.18(re)2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274(Delimiter characters encoun-) 5.274 F 1.002 -(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 120 R +(tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 156 R F1 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F2(nc)3.503 -E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .609(characters are read.)180 132 R .608 +E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .609(characters are read.)180 168 R .608 (The result is not split on the characters in)5.609 F F1(IFS)3.108 E F0 -3.108(;t)C .608(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 144 S .669 +3.108(;t)C .608(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 180 S .669 (riable is assigned e).25 F .669 (xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .67 -(xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F1<ad72>180 156 Q F0(option belo) -2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1<ad70>144 168 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display) -180 180 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F +(xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F1<ad72>180 192 Q F0(option belo) +2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1<ad70>144 204 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display) +180 216 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161 -(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 192 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5 +(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 228 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5 (nput. The)-2.5 F (prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1 -<ad72>144 204 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character) -180 204 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of) --5.543 F .493(the line.)180 216 R .493(In particular)5.493 F 2.993(,ab) +<ad72>144 240 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character) +180 240 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of) +-5.543 F .493(the line.)180 252 R .493(In particular)5.493 F 2.993(,ab) -.4 G(ackslash-ne)-2.993 E .493 (wline pair may not then be used as a line continua-)-.25 F(tion.)180 -228 Q F1<ad73>144 240 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 240 Q +264 Q F1<ad73>144 276 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 276 Q (If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1 -<ad74>144 252 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 264 Q F1 -.18(re)2.928 G +<ad74>144 288 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 300 Q F1 -.18(re)2.928 G (ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.928 F .428 (ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .561 -(ber of characters\) is not read within)180 276 R F2(timeout)3.061 E F0 +(ber of characters\) is not read within)180 312 R F2(timeout)3.061 E F0 (seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .56(may be a decimal number) -3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 288 Q +3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 324 Q (wing the decimal point.)-.25 E(This option is only ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is readin\ g input from a terminal, pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 -300 R .505(fect when reading)-.25 F .589(from re)180 312 R .589 +336 R .505(fect when reading)-.25 F .589(from re)180 348 R .589 (gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.589 E F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 (times out,)3.089 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve) -.2 G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .59 -(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 324 S(riable) +(artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 360 S(riable) .25 E F2(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F2(timeout)2.77 E F0 .27 (is 0,)2.77 F F1 -.18(re)2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately)2.77 F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27(ithout trying to read an)-2.77 F 2.77(yd)-.15 G -(ata.)-2.77 E 1.12(The e)180 336 R 1.12(xit status is 0 if input is a) +(ata.)-2.77 E 1.12(The e)180 372 R 1.12(xit status is 0 if input is a) -.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.12(ilable on the speci\214ed \214le descriptor) .25 F 3.62(,n)-.4 G 1.12(on-zero other)-3.62 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. The)180 -348 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(it status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e) -.15 E(xceeded.)-.15 E F1<ad75>144 360 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 -(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 360 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .477 -(If no)144 376.8 R F2(names)3.337 E F0 .477 -(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)3.247 F(ariable)-.25 E -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)2.976 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A -F0 .476(The e)4.976 F .476(xit status is zero,)-.15 F .772 -(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 388.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.272 G(ad) -.18 E F0 .773 -(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a)3.272 F --.25(va)144 400.8 S 2.004 -(riable assignment error \(such as assigning to a readonly v).25 F 2.004 -(ariable\) occurs, or an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G 2.004(lid \214le).25 F -(descriptor is supplied as the ar)144 412.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad75> -2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 429.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAf)A -F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A -(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 441.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v) --.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77 -(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.097(quent assignment.)144 453.6 R -1.097(If the)6.097 F F1<ad66>3.597 E F0 1.097 -(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.597 F F2 -(names)3.596 E F0 1.096(are so)3.596 F(mark)144 465.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) +384 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(it status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e) +.15 E(xceeded.)-.15 E F1<ad75>144 396 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 +(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 396 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .522 +(If no)144 412.8 R F2(names)3.382 E F0 .522 +(are supplied, the line read, without the ending delimiter b)3.292 F +.522(ut otherwise unmodi\214ed, is)-.2 F 1.186(assigned to the v)144 +424.8 R(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)3.686 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.186(The e)5.686 F 1.186 +(xit status is zero, unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)-.15 F F1 -.18 +(re)3.687 G(ad).18 E F0 .961 +(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a v)144 +436.8 R .96(ariable assignment error \(such as as-)-.25 F .706 +(signing to a readonly v)144 448.8 R .706(ariable\) occurs, or an in) +-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .706(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar) +.25 F .707(gument to)-.18 F F1<ad75>144 460.8 Q F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 +477.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E +F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..]) +-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 489.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 +.77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 +F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096 +(quent assignment.)144 501.6 R 1.096(If the)6.096 F F1<ad66>3.596 E F0 +1.097(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2 +(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 513.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) -.1 F F1<ad61>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834 (ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the) -3.334 F F1<ad41>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-) --.25 E .777(ables to associati)144 477.6 R 1.077 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.277 -(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.277 F F1<ad41>3.277 E -F0(tak)3.277 E .776(es precedence.)-.1 F .776(If no)5.776 F F2(name) -3.636 E F0(ar)3.456 E(gu-)-.18 E .521(ments are gi)144 489.6 R -.15(ve) +-.25 E .776(ables to associati)144 525.6 R 1.076 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.276 +(rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.276 F F1<ad41>3.277 E +F0(tak)3.277 E .777(es precedence.)-.1 F .777(If no)5.777 F F2(name) +3.637 E F0(ar)3.457 E(gu-)-.18 E .522(ments are gi)144 537.6 R -.15(ve) -.25 G .521(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>3.021 E F0 .521 (option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.021 F -.522(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \ -to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 501.6 R(The)5.295 E F1 -<ad70>2.795 E F0(option)2.795 E .786 +.521(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \ +to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 549.6 R(The)5.296 E F1 +<ad70>2.796 E F0(option)2.796 E .786 (causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.) -144 513.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .786(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 -525.6 Q .718(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) +144 561.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .785(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 +573.6 Q .717(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) -3.218 F .718(alue of the v)-.25 F .718(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor) 3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718(he return status is 0 unless an in) -5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26(option is encountered, one of the) -144 537.6 R F2(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v) +144 585.6 R F2(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v) -.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.76 E F0 .26 -(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 549.6 Q F0 -(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 566.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 -E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .021(Causes a function to stop e)144 578.4 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .021(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 -(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(to its caller)2.76 F 5.02 -(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F2(n)2.88 E F0 .02(is omitted,)2.76 F .596 -(the return status is that of the last command e)144 590.4 R -.15(xe) --.15 G .597(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.597(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.597 E -F1 -.18(re)3.097 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .597(is e)3.097 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G(cuted).15 E 1.239(by a trap handler)144 602.4 R 3.738(,t)-.4 G 1.238 +(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 597.6 Q F0 +(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 614.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 +E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .02(Causes a function to stop e)144 626.4 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 +(alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(to its caller)2.761 F +5.021(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.021 E F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(is omitted,)2.761 F .597 +(the return status is that of the last command e)144 638.4 R -.15(xe) +-.15 G .596(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.596(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.596 E +F1 -.18(re)3.096 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .596(is e)3.096 F -.15(xe)-.15 +G(cuted).15 E .267(by a trap handler)144 650.4 R 2.767(,t)-.4 G .267 (he last command used to determine the status is the last command e) --3.738 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E 1.032(before the trap handler)144 -614.4 R 6.032(.I)-.55 G(f)-6.032 E F1 -.18(re)3.532 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E -F0 1.032(is e)3.532 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.032(cuted during a).15 F F1(DEB) -3.533 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.033(trap, the last command used to)3.533 F .39 -(determine the status is the last command e)144 626.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -.389(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)2.889 G(tur).18 E -(n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)2.889 G 2.889(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-2.889 H -.1(ke) -.4 G(d.).1 E(If)144 638.4 Q F1 -.18(re)2.583 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 -.084(is used outside a function, b)2.583 F .084(ut during e)-.2 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .084(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)2.584 E F0(\()5.084 -E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 2.584(\)c)C .084(ommand, it)-2.584 F .589 -(causes the shell to stop e)144 650.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .589 -(cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .588 -(or the e)3.328 F .588(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .325(mand e) -144 662.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .325(cuted within the script as the e).15 F -.326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .326 -(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .326(alue is)-.25 F .445 -(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 674.4 R .444 -(The return status is non-zero if)5.445 F F1 -.18(re)2.944 G(tur).18 E -(n)-.15 E F0 .444(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.944 F(gu-)-.18 E .381 -(ment, or is used outside a function and not during e)144 686.4 R -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .381(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)2.881 E F0(or)3.714 E -F1(sour)2.881 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.381(.A)C .681 -.15(ny c)-5.381 H(om-).15 -E .75(mand associated with the)144 698.4 R F1(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749 -(trap is e)3.249 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .749(cuted before e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G .749(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 710.4 Q -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(14)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +-2.767 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .268(cuted be-).15 F .02(fore the trap handler) +144 662.4 R 5.02(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F1 -.18(re)2.52 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 +E F0 .02(is e)2.52 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuted during a).15 F F1(DEB)2.52 +E(UG)-.1 E F0 .02(trap, the last command used to deter)2.52 F(-)-.2 E +.885(mine the status is the last command e)144 674.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.886(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)3.386 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)3.386 G 3.386(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-3.386 H -.1(ke) +.4 G 3.386(d. If).1 F F1 -.18(re)144 686.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .628 +(is used outside a function, b)3.128 F .628(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe) +-.15 G .628(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)3.127 E F0(\()5.627 E +F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.127(\)c)C .627(ommand, it)-3.127 F .588 +(causes the shell to stop e)144 698.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .588 +(cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .589 +(or the e)3.329 F .589(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .326(mand e) +144 710.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .326(cuted within the script as the e).15 F +.326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .325 +(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .325(alue is)-.25 F 2.035 +(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 722.4 R 2.035 +(The return status is non-zero if)7.035 F F1 -.18(re)4.536 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0 2.036(is supplied a non-numeric)4.536 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 +Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(14)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 15 15 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(set)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 -E F1(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 -E F0(...])2.5 E F1(set)108 96 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 -2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E -(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 108 S .835 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(ar)144 84 Q .706 +(gument, or is used outside a function and not during e)-.18 F -.15(xe) +-.15 G .705(cution of a script by).15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(.)3.205 E +F0(or)4.038 E F1(sour)3.205 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.705(.A)C -.15(ny)-5.705 G +.365(command associated with the)144 96 R F1(RETURN)2.865 E F0 .365 +(trap is e)2.865 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .365(cuted before e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 +G .366(cution resumes after the func-).15 F(tion or script.)144 108 Q F1 +(set)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C +F1<ad6f>-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C +F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1(set)108 136.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E +F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 148.8 S .836 (thout options, the name and v).4 F .835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F -.836(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 -(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 120 R -3.284(ariables. 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The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .839 +(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 216 Q F1 +<ad48>144 228 Q F0(Enable)184 228 Q F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532 +(style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532 +F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 240 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 252 Q F0 .959 +(If set, the shell does not resolv)184 252 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959 +(ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .96 +(cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.46 E F0 1.453 +(that change the current w)184 264 R 1.453(orking directory)-.1 F 6.453 +(.I)-.65 G 3.952(tu)-6.453 G 1.452(ses the ph)-3.952 F 1.452 +(ysical directory structure in-)-.05 F 3.334(stead. By)184 276 R(def) +3.334 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)3.334 E F0(follo)3.334 E .834 (ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F -(mands which change the current directory)184 252 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144 -264 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 264 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 +(mands which change the current directory)184 288 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144 +300 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 300 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 (DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89 (are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932 -(substitutions, and commands e)184 276 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 +(substitutions, and commands e)184 312 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 (cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E -(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 288 Q F0 -(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 300 Q -F0 .4(If no ar)184 300 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401 -(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F -(Otherwise,)5.401 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 312 Q -/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5 -(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad> -2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad>144 324 Q F0 1.945 -(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)184 324 R F2(ar)4.444 E -(g)-.37 E F0 4.444(st)C 4.444(ob)-4.444 G 4.444(ea)-4.444 G 1.944 -(ssigned to the positional)-4.444 F 3.445(parameters. The)184 336 R F1 -<ad78>3.445 E F0(and)3.445 E F1<ad76>3.445 E F0 .945 -(options are turned of)3.445 F 3.445(f. If)-.25 F .946(there are no) -3.445 F F2(ar)3.446 E(g)-.37 E F0 .946(s, the positional)B -(parameters remain unchanged.)184 348 Q .425(The options are of)144 -364.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 +(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 324 Q F0 +(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 336 Q +F0 .401(If no ar)184 336 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G +.401(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F +(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 348 Q F2 +(ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G +(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad>144 +360 Q F0 .796(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)184 360 R +F2(ar)3.297 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.297(st)C 3.297(ob)-3.297 G 3.297(ea)-3.297 G +.797(ssigned to the positional pa-)-3.297 F 3.022(rameters. The)184 372 +R F1<ad78>3.022 E F0(and)3.022 E F1<ad76>3.022 E F0 .522 +(options are turned of)3.022 F 3.022(f. If)-.25 F .522(there are no) +3.022 F F2(ar)3.022 E(g)-.37 E F0 .521(s, the positional pa-)B +(rameters remain unchanged.)184 384 Q .425(The options are of)144 400.8 +R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 (ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425 -(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .177 -(to be turned of)144 376.8 R 2.677(f. The)-.25 F .178 +(Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178 +(to be turned of)144 412.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178 (options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in) --.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .178(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.178 E .066 -(current set of options may be found in)144 388.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 +-.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066 +(current set of options may be found in)144 424.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066 -(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .066(lid option).25 F -(is encountered.)144 400.8 Q F1(shift)108 417.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -(])A .428(The positional parameters from)144 429.6 R F2(n)2.928 E F0 -.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.429 G -.429(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 441.6 Q F1($#)2.583 -E F0(do)2.583 E .083(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.583 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .083 -(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.443 E F0 .083(must be a non-ne)2.823 F -.05(ga) --.15 G(ti).05 E .382 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .082(umber less than or equal to) -.15 F F1($#)2.582 E F0 5.082(.I)C(f)-5.082 E F2(n)2.942 E F0 .06 -(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 453.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 +(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F +(is encountered.)144 436.8 Q F1(shift)108 453.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 465.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0 +.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G +.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 477.6 Q F1($#)2.582 +E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082 +(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to) +.15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06 +(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 489.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F (If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56 -(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .144(positional parameters are not changed.)144 465.6 R -.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.144 F F2(n)3.003 E F0 -.143(is greater than)2.883 F F1($#)2.643 E F0 -(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 477.6 Q F1(shopt)108 494.4 Q F0([) +(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 501.6 R +.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0 +.144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0 +(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 513.6 Q F1(shopt)108 530.4 Q F0([) 2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname) --2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 506.4 S .639(ggle the v).8 F .639 +-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 542.4 S .64(ggle the v).8 F .639 (alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E -5.639(.T)-.55 G .64(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .375 -(listed belo)144 518.4 R 1.675 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.175 -.4(r, i).65 H -2.875(ft).4 G(he)-2.875 E F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375 +5.639(.T)-.55 G .639(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .374 +(listed belo)144 554.4 R 1.674 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.174 -.4(r, i).65 H +2.874(ft).4 G(he)-2.874 E F1<ad6f>2.874 E F0 .375 (option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25 -F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .374(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.874 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.874 G .374(iltin com-).2 F 3.325(mand. W)144 530.4 R .825 -(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F1<ad70>3.325 E F0 .826 -(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an)3.325 F -.552(indication of whether or not each is set; if)144 542.4 R F2 -(optnames)3.052 E F0 .551 -(are supplied, the output is restricted to those)3.052 F 2.549 -(options. The)144 554.4 R F1<ad70>2.549 E F0 .049(option causes output \ -to be displayed in a form that may be reused as input.)2.549 F(Other) -5.05 E(options ha)144 566.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 578.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)180 -578.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 590.4 Q F0 -(Disable \(unset\) each)180 590.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 -602.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\ -tus indicates whether the)180 602.4 R F2(optname)2.503 E F0(is)2.503 E -.255(set or unset.)180 614.4 R .255(If multiple)5.255 F F2(optname)2.755 -E F0(ar)2.755 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G -(ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.756(,t)C .256 -(he return status is zero if)-2.756 F(all)180 626.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E -F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 638.4 Q F0 -(Restricts the v)180 638.4 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0 +F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.875 E F0 -.2 +(bu)2.875 G .375(iltin com-).2 F 2.566(mand. W)144 566.4 R .066 +(ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F1<ad70>2.566 E F0 .066 +(option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an in-)2.566 +F .074(dication of whether or not each is set; if)144 578.4 R F2 +(optnames)2.574 E F0 .074 +(are supplied, the output is restricted to those op-)2.574 F 3.105 +(tions. The)144 590.4 R F1<ad70>3.105 E F0 .605(option causes output to\ + be displayed in a form that may be reused as input.)3.105 F(Other)5.605 +E(options ha)144 602.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 614.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)180 +614.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 626.4 Q F0 +(Disable \(unset\) each)180 626.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 +638.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\ +tus indicates whether the)180 638.4 R F2(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E +.256(set or unset.)180 650.4 R .256(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756 +E F0(ar)2.756 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G +(ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255 +(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F(all)180 662.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E +F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 674.4 Q F0 +(Restricts the v)180 674.4 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0 (to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 -E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .625(If either)144 655.2 R F1 -<ad73>3.125 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 .624(is used with no) +E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .624(If either)144 691.2 R F1 +<ad73>3.124 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 .624(is used with no) 3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,)-.18 E F1(shopt)3.124 -E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F 2.233 -(set or unset, respecti)144 667.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 7.234(.U) --.65 G 2.234(nless otherwise noted, the)-7.234 F F1(shopt)4.734 E F0 -2.234(options are disabled \(unset\) by)4.734 F(def)144 679.2 Q(ault.) --.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 -696 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.544(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.) -4.044 F .696 -(When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an) -144 708 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .696(alid shell) --.25 F(option.)144 720 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(17) -198.725 E 0 Cg EP +E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F .984 +(set or unset, respecti)144 703.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.984(.U) +-.65 G .984(nless otherwise noted, the)-5.984 F F1(shopt)3.484 E F0 .983 +(options are disabled \(unset\) by de-)3.483 F -.1(fa)144 715.2 S(ult.) +.1 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(17)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 18 18 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(The list of)144 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF -(shopt)2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F1(assoc_expand_once)144 102 Q F0 -1.945(If set, the shell suppresses multiple e)184 114 R -.25(va)-.25 G -1.944(luation of associati).25 F 2.244 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.944 -(rray subscripts during).15 F 2.556(arithmetic e)184 126 R 2.556 -(xpression e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 2.556(luation, while e).25 F -.15(xe) --.15 G 2.557(cuting b).15 F 2.557(uiltins that can perform v)-.2 F -(ariable)-.25 E(assignments, and while e)184 138 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuting b).15 E(uiltins that perform array dereferencing.)-.2 E F1 -(autocd)144 150 Q F0 .2 -(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 150 R --.15(xe)-.15 G .199(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E -(ment to the)184 162 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 1.544 +(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 84 R/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545 +(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)4.045 F .696 +(When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an) +144 96 R F1(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695(alid shell) +-.25 F(option.)144 108 Q(The list of)144 124.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(shopt)2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F2(assoc_expand_once)144 142.8 Q F0 +1.944(If set, the shell suppresses multiple e)184 154.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G +1.945(luation of associati).25 F 2.245 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.945 +(rray subscripts during).15 F .885(arithmetic e)184 166.8 R .885 +(xpression e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .885(luation, while e).25 F -.15(xe) +-.15 G .885(cuting b).15 F .885(uiltins that can perform v)-.2 F .885 +(ariable as-)-.25 F(signments, and while e)184 178.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuting b).15 E(uiltins that perform array dereferencing.)-.2 E F2 +(autocd)144 190.8 Q F0 .199 +(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 190.8 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E +(ment to the)184 202.8 Q F2(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F (option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F1(cdable_v)144 174 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .155(If set, an ar)184 186 R .155 -(gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.655 E F0 -.2(bu)2.655 G .156 +F2(cdable_v)144 214.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 226.8 R .156 +(gument to the)-.18 F F2(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155 (iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F -(name of a v)184 198 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E -(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 210 Q F0 +(name of a v)184 238.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E +(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F2(cdspell)144 250.8 Q F0 1.055 (If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)184 -210 R F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.987 -(corrected. The)184 222 R 1.487(errors check)3.987 F 1.487 -(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.988(,a) --.4 G(nd)-3.988 E .77(one character too man)184 234 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) +250.8 R F2(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988 +(corrected. The)184 262.8 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487 +(ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a) +-.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .77(one character too man)184 274.8 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) -.15 H 3.27(fac).65 G .77 (orrection is found, the corrected \214lename is printed, and)-3.27 F -(the command proceeds.)184 246 Q(This option is only used by interacti)5 -E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(checkhash)144 258 Q F0 .736 -(If set,)184 270 R F1(bash)3.236 E F0 .736 -(checks that a command found in the hash table e)3.236 F .737 -(xists before trying to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cute it.)184 282 -Q(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E -(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 294 Q -F0 .449(If set,)184 306 R F1(bash)2.949 E F0 .449 -(lists the status of an)2.949 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .448 -(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .448(xiting an interacti)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.438(shell. If)184 318 R(an)3.438 E 3.438(yj)-.15 G -.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.438 F .938 -(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .939(xit is)-.15 F 2.203 -(attempted without an interv)184 330 R 2.203(ening command \(see)-.15 F -/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 2.203(JOB CONTR)4.703 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)4.453 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 4.703(\). The).15 F(shell)4.703 E(al)184 342 Q -.1(wa)-.1 -G(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G -(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F1(checkwinsize)144 354 Q F0 1.09(If set,)184 -366 R F1(bash)3.59 E F0 1.09(checks the windo)3.59 F 3.59(ws)-.25 G 1.09 -(ize after each e)-3.59 F 1.09(xternal \(non-b)-.15 F 1.09 -(uiltin\) command and, if)-.2 F(necessary)184 378 Q 4.694(,u)-.65 G -2.194(pdates the v)-4.694 F 2.194(alues of)-.25 F F2(LINES)4.694 E F0 -(and)4.444 E F2(COLUMNS)4.693 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 2.193 -(This option is enabled by)6.693 F(def)184 390 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(cmdhist) -144 402 Q F0 1.202(If set,)184 402 R F1(bash)3.702 E F0 1.202 -(attempts to sa)3.702 F 1.502 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 1.202 -(ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history).15 F(entry)184 -414 Q 6.133(.T)-.65 G 1.133(his allo)-6.133 F 1.133 -(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 F 1.132 -(This option is enabled by)6.132 F(def)184 426 Q .613(ault, b)-.1 F .613 -(ut only has an ef)-.2 F .614 -(fect if command history is enabled, as described abo)-.25 F .914 -.15 -(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(HIST)184 438 Q(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F3(.)A F1 -(compat31)144 450 Q F0 .42(If set,)184 462 R F1(bash)2.92 E F0 .42 -(changes its beha)2.92 F .419(vior to that of v)-.2 F .419 -(ersion 3.1 with respect to quoted ar)-.15 F(guments)-.18 E .461(to the) -184 474 R F1([[)2.961 E F0 .462(conditional command')2.962 F(s)-.55 E F1 -(=~)2.962 E F0 .462 -(operator and locale-speci\214c string comparison when)2.962 F .71 -(using the)184 486 R F1([[)3.21 E F0 .71(conditional command')3.21 F(s) --.55 E F1(<)3.21 E F0(and)3.21 E F1(>)3.21 E F0 3.21(operators. Bash) -3.21 F -.15(ve)3.21 G .71(rsions prior to bash-4.1).15 F .82 -(use ASCII collation and)184 498 R/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(str)3.321 E -(cmp)-.37 E F0 .821(\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale') -.19 F 3.321(sc)-.55 G(ollation)-3.321 E(sequence and)184 510 Q F4(str) -2.5 E(coll)-.37 E F0(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat32)144 522 Q F0 1.41(If set,) -184 534 R F1(bash)3.91 E F0 1.41(changes its beha)3.91 F 1.409 -(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.409 -(ersion 3.2 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F .422 -(string comparison when using the)184 546 R F1([[)2.922 E F0 .422 -(conditional command')2.922 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)2.922 E F0(and)2.922 E F1(>) -2.923 E F0 .423(operators \(see pre-)2.923 F .481 -(vious item\) and the ef)184 558 R .481 -(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .48(Bash v)5.481 F .48 -(ersions 3.2 and earlier)-.15 F(continue with the ne)184 570 Q -(xt command in the list after one terminates due to an interrupt.)-.15 E -F1(compat40)144 582 Q F0 1.409(If set,)184 594 R F1(bash)3.909 E F0 -1.409(changes its beha)3.909 F 1.409(vior to that of v)-.2 F 1.41 -(ersion 4.0 with respect to locale-speci\214c)-.15 F 2.008 -(string comparison when using the)184 606 R F1([[)4.508 E F0 2.007 -(conditional command')4.508 F(s)-.55 E F1(<)4.507 E F0(and)4.507 E F1(>) -4.507 E F0 2.007(operators \(see)4.507 F .769(description of)184 618 R -F1(compat31)3.269 E F0 3.269(\)a)C .769(nd the ef)-3.269 F .769 -(fect of interrupting a command list.)-.25 F .77(Bash v)5.77 F(ersions) --.15 E .087(4.0 and later interrupt the list as if the shell recei)184 -630 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.586(dt).15 G .086(he interrupt; pre)-2.586 F .086 -(vious v)-.25 F .086(ersions con-)-.15 F(tinue with the ne)184 642 Q -(xt command in the list.)-.15 E F1(compat41)144 654 Q F0 1.523(If set,) -184 666 R F1(bash)4.023 E F0 4.023(,w)C 1.523(hen in)-4.023 F F4 1.523 -(posix mode)4.023 F F0 4.024(,t)C 1.524 -(reats a single quote in a double-quoted parameter)-4.024 F -.15(ex)184 -678 S .959(pansion as a special character).15 F 5.959(.T)-.55 G .958 -(he single quotes must match \(an e)-5.959 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.458(nn).15 -G .958(umber\) and)-3.458 F .59 -(the characters between the single quotes are considered quoted.)184 690 -R .59(This is the beha)5.59 F .59(vior of)-.2 F .59 -(posix mode through v)184 702 R .589(ersion 4.1.)-.15 F .589(The def) -5.589 F .589(ault bash beha)-.1 F .589(vior remains as in pre)-.2 F .589 -(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E(sions.)184 714 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q -(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(18)198.725 E 0 Cg EP -%%Page: 19 19 -%%BeginPageSetup -BP -%%EndPageSetup -/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 -(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(compat42)144 84 Q F0 -1.796(If set,)184 96 R F1(bash)4.296 E F0 1.796 -(does not process the replacement string in the pattern substitution w) -4.296 F(ord)-.1 E -.15(ex)184 108 S(pansion using quote remo).15 E -.25 -(va)-.15 G(l.).25 E F1(compat43)144 120 Q F0 .141(If set,)184 132 R F1 -(bash)2.641 E F0 .141(does not print a w)2.641 F .14 -(arning message if an attempt is made to use a quoted com-)-.1 F .912 -(pound array assignment as an ar)184 144 R .912(gument to)-.18 F F1 -(declar)3.413 E(e)-.18 E F0 3.413(,m)C(ak)-3.413 E .913(es w)-.1 F .913 -(ord e)-.1 F .913(xpansion errors non-)-.15 F -.1(fa)184 156 S .353 -(tal errors that cause the current command to f).1 F .353(ail \(the def) --.1 F .352(ault beha)-.1 F .352(vior is to mak)-.2 F 2.852(et)-.1 G(hem) --2.852 E -.1(fa)184 168 S 1.057(tal errors that cause the shell to e).1 -F 1.058(xit\), and does not reset the loop state when a shell)-.15 F -.375(function is e)184 180 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .375(cuted \(this allo).15 F -(ws)-.25 E F1(br)2.875 E(eak)-.18 E F0(or)2.875 E F1(continue)2.875 E F0 -.374(in a shell function to af)2.875 F .374(fect loops in)-.25 F -(the caller')184 192 Q 2.5(sc)-.55 G(onte)-2.5 E(xt\).)-.15 E F1 -(compat44)144 204 Q F0 .441(If set,)184 216 R F1(bash)2.941 E F0(sa) -2.942 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.942(st).15 G .442(he positional parameters to B) --2.942 F .442(ASH_ARGV and B)-.35 F .442(ASH_ARGC before)-.35 F(the)184 -228 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re used, re)-2.5 E -.05(ga)-.15 G -(rdless of whether or not e).05 E(xtended deb)-.15 E -(ugging mode is enabled.)-.2 E F1(complete_fullquote)144 240 Q F0 .654 -(If set,)184 252 R F1(bash)3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metacharact\ -ers in \214lenames and directory names when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.524 -(forming completion.)184 264 R 1.524(If not set,)6.524 F F1(bash)4.024 E -F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.024(sm).15 G 1.524 +(the command proceeds.)184 286.8 Q +(This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) +.15 E F2(checkhash)144 298.8 Q F0 .737(If set,)184 310.8 R F2(bash)3.237 +E F0 .736(checks that a command found in the hash table e)3.237 F .736 +(xists before trying to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cute it.)184 +322.8 Q(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E +(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F2(checkjobs)144 334.8 +Q F0 .448(If set,)184 346.8 R F2(bash)2.948 E F0 .448 +(lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449 +(topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.662(shell. If)184 358.8 R(an)2.662 E 2.661(yj)-.15 G +.161(obs are running, this causes the e)-2.661 F .161 +(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .161(xit is at-)-.15 F 1.472 +(tempted without an interv)184 370.8 R 1.473(ening command \(see)-.15 F +/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.473(JOB CONTR)3.973 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)3.723 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 3.973(\). The).15 F 1.473(shell al-)3.973 F -.1(wa)184 +382.8 S(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G +(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F2(checkwinsize)144 394.8 Q F0 1.09(If set,)184 +406.8 R F2(bash)3.59 E F0 1.09(checks the windo)3.59 F 3.59(ws)-.25 G +1.09(ize after each e)-3.59 F 1.09(xternal \(non-b)-.15 F 1.09 +(uiltin\) command and, if)-.2 F(necessary)184 418.8 Q 3.35(,u)-.65 G .85 +(pdates the v)-3.35 F .85(alues of)-.25 F F3(LINES)3.35 E F0(and)3.1 E +F3(COLUMNS)3.35 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .85 +(This option is enabled by de-)5.35 F -.1(fa)184 430.8 S(ult.).1 E F2 +(cmdhist)144 442.8 Q F0 .173(If set,)184 442.8 R F2(bash)2.673 E F0 .173 +(attempts to sa)2.673 F .473 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .172 +(ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history en-).15 F(try) +184 454.8 Q 5.596(.T)-.65 G .597(his allo)-5.596 F .597 +(ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 F .597 +(This option is enabled by de-)5.597 F -.1(fa)184 466.8 S 1.288(ult, b) +.1 F 1.288(ut only has an ef)-.2 F 1.288 +(fect if command history is enabled, as described abo)-.25 F 1.587 -.15 +(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(HIST)184 478.8 Q(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F4(.)A +F2(compat31)144 490.8 Q(compat32)144 502.8 Q(compat40)144 514.8 Q +(compat41)144 526.8 Q(compat42)144 538.8 Q(compat43)144 550.8 Q +(compat44)144 562.8 Q F0 .889(These control aspects of the shell')184 +574.8 R 3.389(sc)-.55 G .889(ompatibility mode \(see)-3.389 F F3 .889 +(SHELL COMP)3.389 F -.855(AT)-.666 G(IBILITY).855 E(MODE)184 586.8 Q F0 +(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(complete_fullquote)144 603.6 Q F0 .654 +(If set,)184 615.6 R F2(bash)3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metachara\ +cters in \214lenames and directory names when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.524 +(forming completion.)184 627.6 R 1.524(If not set,)6.524 F F2(bash)4.024 +E F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.024(sm).15 G 1.524 (etacharacters such as the dollar sign)-4.024 F 2.667(from the set of c\ haracters that will be quoted in completed \214lenames when these)184 -276 R .028(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 288 R .028 +639.6 R .028(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 651.6 R .028 (ariable references in w)-.25 F .029(ords to be completed.)-.1 F .029 -(This means)5.029 F 1.073(that dollar signs in v)184 300 R 1.073 +(This means)5.029 F 1.073(that dollar signs in v)184 663.6 R 1.073 (ariable names that e)-.25 F 1.073 (xpand to directories will not be quoted; ho)-.15 F(w-)-.25 E -2.15 -.25 -(ev e)184 312 T 1.922 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.422 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123 +(ev e)184 675.6 T 1.922 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.422 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123 (ollar signs appearing in \214lenames will not be quoted, either).15 F 6.123(.T)-.55 G 1.123(his is acti)-6.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .59 (only when bash is using backslashes to quote completed \214lenames.)184 -324 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 336 Q +687.6 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 699.6 Q (ault, which is the def)-.1 E(ault bash beha)-.1 E(vior in v)-.2 E -(ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E F1(dir)144 348 Q(expand)-.18 E F0 .486 -(If set,)184 360 R F1(bash)2.986 E F0 .486 +(ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E +(18)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +%%Page: 19 19 +%%BeginPageSetup +BP +%%EndPageSetup +/F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 +(TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dir)144 84 Q(expand) +-.18 E F0 .486(If set,)184 96 R F1(bash)2.986 E F0 .486 (replaces directory names with the results of w)2.986 F .486(ord e)-.1 F .487(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .18(ing \214lename completion.)184 -372 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.18 F +108 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.18 F (uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.179(.I)-.55 G 2.679(fn)-5.179 G(ot)-2.679 E(set,) -184 384 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G -(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 396 Q F0 .858(If set,)184 -396 R F1(bash)3.358 E F0 .858 +184 120 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G +(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 136.8 Q F0 .858(If set,)184 +136.8 R F1(bash)3.358 E F0 .858 (attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.358 F .859 (ord completion if)-.1 F -(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 408 Q(xist.)-.15 E -F1(dotglob)144 420 Q F0 .165(If set,)184 420 R F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165 -(includes \214lenames be)2.665 F .165(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665('i) --.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F -(xpansion.)-.15 E(The \214lenames)184 432 Q F1 -.63(``)2.5 G -.55(.').63 -G(')-.08 E F0(and)5 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 +(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 148.8 Q(xist.)-.15 +E F1(dotglob)144 165.6 Q F0 .165(If set,)184 165.6 R F1(bash)2.665 E F0 +.165(includes \214lenames be)2.665 F .165(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665 +('i)-.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F +(xpansion.)-.15 E(The \214lenames)184 177.6 Q F1 -.63(``)2.5 G -.55(.') +.63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 (must al)5.63 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys be matched e).1 E(xplicitly)-.15 E 2.5 (,e)-.65 G -.15(ve)-2.75 G 2.5(ni).15 G(f)-2.5 E F1(dotglob)2.5 E F0 -(is set.)2.5 E F1(execfail)144 444 Q F0 1.386(If set, a non-interacti) -184 444 R 1.686 -.15(ve s)-.25 H 1.386(hell will not e).15 F 1.386 -(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.387 -(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an).15 F(ar)184 456 Q(gument to the)-.18 -E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E(An interacti)5 E .3 --.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 --.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 468 Q F0 .717 -(If set, aliases are e)184 480 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 F +(is set.)2.5 E F1(execfail)144 194.4 Q F0 .516(If set, a non-interacti) +184 194.4 R .816 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .516(hell will not e).15 F .516 +(xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .517 +(cute the \214le speci\214ed as an ar).15 F(-)-.2 E(gument to the)184 +206.4 Q F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E(An interacti)5 +E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 E F1(exec)2.5 E +F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 223.2 Q F0 .717 +(If set, aliases are e)184 235.2 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)3.217 E /F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .716(This option is enabled)5.217 F -(by def)184 492 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F1(extdeb)144 504 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 .671(If set at shell in)184 516 R --.2(vo)-.4 G .671(cation, arrange to e).2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .671 -(cute the deb).15 F .672(ugger pro\214le before the shell starts,)-.2 F -.221(identical to the)184 528 R F1<adad646562>2.721 E(ugger)-.2 E F0 -2.721(option. If)2.721 F .221(set after in)2.721 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .221 -(cation, beha).2 F .22(vior intended for use by)-.2 F(deb)184 540 Q -(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 552 Q F0(The)220 552 Q F1<ad46>4.25 -E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu) -4.251 G 1.751(iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F -(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 564 Q -(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 576 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the)220 -576 R F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v)4.167 F -1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E(command is skipped and not e)220 588 -Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1(3.)184 600 Q F0 .84 -(If the command run by the)220 600 R F1(DEB)3.34 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841 -(trap returns a v)3.341 F .841(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15 -(exe)220 612 S .488 +(by def)184 247.2 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) +.15 E F1(extdeb)144 264 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 .17(If set at shell in)184 276 R +-.2(vo)-.4 G .17(cation, or in a shell startup \214le, arrange to e).2 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .17(cute the deb).15 F .17(ugger pro\214le)-.2 F 1.082 +(before the shell starts, identical to the)184 288 R F1<adad646562>3.582 +E(ugger)-.2 E F0 3.581(option. If)3.581 F 1.081(set after in)3.581 F -.2 +(vo)-.4 G 1.081(cation, be-).2 F(ha)184 300 Q +(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 +316.8 Q F0(The)220 316.8 Q F1<ad46>4.25 E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F +F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751 +(iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F +(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 328.8 +Q(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 345.6 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the) +220 345.6 R F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v) +4.167 F 1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E +(command is skipped and not e)220 357.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1 +(3.)184 374.4 Q F0 .84(If the command run by the)220 374.4 R F1(DEB)3.34 +E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841(trap returns a v)3.341 F .841 +(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15(exe)220 386.4 S .488 (cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1 -(sour)220 624 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(sour)220 398.4 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltins\), the shell simulates a call to).2 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E -(n)-.15 E F0(.)A F1(4.)184 636 Q F2 -.27(BA)220 636 S(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 -(and)3.153 E F2 -.27(BA)3.403 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904 -(are updated as described in their descriptions)3.154 F(abo)220 648 Q --.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 660 Q F0 1.637(Function tracing is ena\ -bled: command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)220 660 R -(shells in)220 672 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1 +(n)-.15 E F0(.)A F1(4.)184 415.2 Q F2 -.27(BA)220 415.2 S(SH_ARGC).27 E +F0(and)3.153 E F2 -.27(BA)3.403 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904 +(are updated as described in their descriptions)3.154 F(abo)220 427.2 Q +-.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 444 Q F0 1.637(Function tracing is ena\ +bled: command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)220 444 R +(shells in)220 456 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1 (\()2.5 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 (inherit the)2.5 E F1(DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0 -(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)184 684 Q F0 1.082(Error tracing is enabled: comman\ -d substitution, shell functions, and subshells)220 684 R(in)220 696 Q --.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4(command) -2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E F0(trap.)2.5 E F1 -(extglob)144 708 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)184 708 R .4 +(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)184 472.8 Q F0 1.082(Error tracing is enabled: comm\ +and substitution, shell functions, and subshells)220 472.8 R(in)220 +484.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4 +(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E F0(trap.) +2.5 E F1(extglob)144 501.6 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)184 501.6 R .4 (xtended pattern matching features described abo)-.15 F .7 -.15(ve u) --.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 720 Q -F0(are enabled.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(19) -198.725 E 0 Cg EP +-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 513.6 Q +F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 530.4 Q F0 .86(If set,)184 542.4 R +F1($)3.36 E F0<08>A F4(string)A F0 3.36<0861>C(nd)-3.36 E F1($)3.36 E F0 +(")A F4(string)A F0 3.36("q)C .86(uoting is performed within)-3.36 F F1 +(${)3.36 E F4(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)3.36 G .86 +(pansions en-).15 F(closed in double quotes.)184 554.4 Q +(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 571.2 Q +F0 .243(If set, patterns which f)184 571.2 R .243 +(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F .243 +(xpansion result in an e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E(pansion error)184 583.2 Q(.) +-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 600 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 +.936(If set, the suf)184 612 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) +-.15 F F2(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936(ariable cause w) +-.25 F .937(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 624 R .32 +(ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32 +(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.947 +(pletions. See)184 636 R F2 .447(SHELL V)2.947 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 +(abo)2.697 E .747 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .448(or a description of).15 F F2 +(FIGNORE)2.948 E F3(.)A F0 .448(This option is)4.948 F(enabled by def) +184 648 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 664.8 Q F0 2.519 +(If set, range e)184 676.8 R 2.519 +(xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.518(et e)-.1 F 2.518 +(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F2 -.09(Pa)5.018 G(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E +(Matching)184 688.8 Q F0(abo)2.964 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.214(\)b).15 G(eha) +-3.214 E 1.014 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.214(si).15 G 3.214(fi)-3.214 G 3.214 +(nt)-3.214 G .714(he traditional C locale when performing comparisons.) +-3.214 F 1.02(That is, the current locale')184 700.8 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G +1.02(ollating sequence is not tak)-3.52 F 1.02(en into account, so)-.1 F +F1(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .956(collate between)184 712.8 R F1 +(A)3.456 E F0(and)3.456 E F1(B)3.456 E F0 3.457(,a)C .957(nd upper) +-3.457 F .957(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .957 +(-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 724.8 Q(.)-.55 E +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(19)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 20 20 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(extquote)144 84 Q F0 -2.473(If set,)184 96 R F1($)4.973 E F0<08>A/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(string)A F0 4.973<0861>C(nd)-4.973 E F1($)4.973 E F0(")A F2(string)A F0 -4.973("q)C 2.473(uoting is performed within)-4.973 F F1(${)4.973 E F2 -(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)4.973 G(pansions).15 E -(enclosed in double quotes.)184 108 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E -(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 120 Q F0 1.425(If set, patterns which f)184 -120 R 1.425(ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F 1.424 -(xpansion result in an)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 132 S(pansion error).15 E(.) --.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 144 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.936(If set, the suf)184 156 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) --.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936 -(ariable cause w)-.25 F .937(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32 -(when performing w)184 168 R .32(ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32 -(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.947(pletions. See)184 180 R F3 -.447(SHELL V)2.947 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0(abo)2.697 E .747 -.15(ve f) --.15 H .448(or a description of).15 F F3(FIGNORE)2.948 E/F4 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .448(This option is)4.948 F(enabled by def)184 -192 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 204 Q F0 2.519(If set, range e) -184 216 R 2.519(xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.518 -(et e)-.1 F 2.518(xpressions \(see)-.15 F F3 -.09(Pa)5.018 G(tter).09 E -(n)-.135 E(Matching)184 228 Q F0(abo)2.964 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.214(\)b) -.15 G(eha)-3.214 E 1.014 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.214(si).15 G 3.214(fi)-3.214 -G 3.214(nt)-3.214 G .714 -(he traditional C locale when performing comparisons.)-3.214 F 1.02 -(That is, the current locale')184 240 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G 1.02 -(ollating sequence is not tak)-3.52 F 1.02(en into account, so)-.1 F F1 -(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .956(collate between)184 252 R F1(A) -3.456 E F0(and)3.456 E F1(B)3.456 E F0 3.457(,a)C .957(nd upper)-3.457 F -.957(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .957 -(-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 264 Q(.)-.55 E -F1(globstar)144 276 Q F0 .519(If set, the pattern)184 276 R F1(**)3.019 -E F0 .519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .518 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(globstar)144 84 Q F0 +.519(If set, the pattern)184 84 R F1(**)3.019 E F0 .519 +(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .518 (xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .431 -(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 288 R .431 +(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 96 R .431 (If the pattern is follo)5.431 F .432(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.932 E F0 2.932(,o)C .432(nly directories)-2.932 F(and subdirectories match.)184 -300 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 312 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are writt\ -en in the standard GNU error message format.)184 324 Q F1(histappend)144 -336 Q F0 .676 +108 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 124.8 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are wri\ +tten in the standard GNU error message format.)184 136.8 Q F1 +(histappend)144 153.6 Q F0 .676 (If set, the history list is appended to the \214le named by the v)184 -348 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F F3(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 -.25(va)2.926 G -(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 360 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 372 Q(eedit)-.18 -E F0 .575(If set, and)184 384 R F1 -.18(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E F0 .575 -(is being used, a user is gi)3.075 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .576 -(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F .576(ailed his-)-.1 F -(tory substitution.)184 396 Q F1(histv)144 408 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403 -(If set, and)184 420 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 +165.6 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 +-.25(va)2.926 G(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 177.6 Q +(xits, rather than o)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1 +(histr)144 194.4 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 .575(If set, and)184 206.4 R F1 -.18 +(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E F0 .575(is being used, a user is gi)3.075 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .576(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 +F .576(ailed his-)-.1 F(tory substitution.)184 218.4 Q F1(histv)144 +235.2 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403(If set, and)184 247.2 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G +(adline).18 E F0 .403 (is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately) -2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 432 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 +2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 259.2 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 (nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.661 F F1 -.18(re)3.162 -G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 444 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E -2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E F1 -(hostcomplete)144 456 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 468 R F1 -.18(re)3.682 +G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 271.2 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 +E 2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E F1 +(hostcomplete)144 288 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 300 R F1 -.18(re)3.682 G(adline).18 E F0 1.182(is being used,)3.682 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.181 (will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.681 F 1.38(when a w)184 -480 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 +312 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 (is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.881 E F0(under)3.881 E -F3(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 492 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F -(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 504 Q F0(If set,) -184 516 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F3(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 +F2(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 324 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F +(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 340.8 Q F0 +(If set,)184 352.8 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F2(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 (to all jobs when an interacti)2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H(ogin shell e) -.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(inherit_err)144 528 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 .22 -(If set, command substitution inherits the v)184 540 R .219(alue of the) --.25 F F1(err)2.719 E(exit)-.18 E F0 .219(option, instead of unsetting) -2.719 F(it in the subshell en)184 552 Q 2.5(vironment. This)-.4 F -(option is enabled when)2.5 E F2(posix mode)2.5 E F0(is enabled.)2.5 E -F1(interacti)144 564 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 .33(If set, allo) -184 576 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33(ginning with)-.15 F F1 -(#)2.83 E F0 .33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33 -(ord and all remaining characters on)-.1 F .967 -(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 588 R 1.267 -.15(ve s)-.25 -H .967(hell \(see).15 F F3(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 E -.15(ve)-.15 -G 3.467(\). This).15 F .967(option is)3.467 F(enabled by def)184 600 Q -(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 612 Q F0 .066 -(If set, and job control is not acti)184 612 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566(,t) -.15 G .066(he shell runs the last command of a pipeline not e)-2.566 F --.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cuted in the background in the current shell en) -184 624 Q(vironment.)-.4 E F1(lithist)144 636 Q F0 .655(If set, and the) -184 636 R F1(cmdhist)3.155 E F0 .654 -(option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa)3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G -3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history)-3.154 F -(with embedded ne)184 648 Q +.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(inherit_err)144 369.6 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 .22 +(If set, command substitution inherits the v)184 381.6 R .219 +(alue of the)-.25 F F1(err)2.719 E(exit)-.18 E F0 .219 +(option, instead of unsetting)2.719 F(it in the subshell en)184 393.6 Q +2.5(vironment. This)-.4 F(option is enabled when)2.5 E/F3 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix mode)2.5 E F0(is enabled.)2.5 E F1(interacti) +144 410.4 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 .33(If set, allo)184 422.4 R +2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33(ginning with)-.15 F F1(#)2.83 E +F0 .33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33(ord and all remaining characters on) +-.1 F .967(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 434.4 R 1.267 +-.15(ve s)-.25 H .967(hell \(see).15 F F2(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 +E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.467(\). This).15 F .967(option is)3.467 F +(enabled by def)184 446.4 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 463.2 Q F0 .066 +(If set, and job control is not acti)184 463.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566 +(,t).15 G .066(he shell runs the last command of a pipeline not e)-2.566 +F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E +(cuted in the background in the current shell en)184 475.2 Q(vironment.) +-.4 E F1(lithist)144 492 Q F0 .655(If set, and the)184 492 R F1(cmdhist) +3.155 E F0 .654(option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa)3.154 F +-.15(ve)-.2 G 3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history)-3.154 F +(with embedded ne)184 504 Q (wlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.)-.25 E F1 -(localv)144 660 Q(ar_inherit)-.1 E F0 .421(If set, local v)184 672 R +(localv)144 520.8 Q(ar_inherit)-.1 E F0 .421(If set, local v)184 532.8 R .422(ariables inherit the v)-.25 F .422(alue and attrib)-.25 F .422 (utes of a v)-.2 F .422(ariable of the same name that)-.25 F -.15(ex)184 -684 S .174(ists at a pre).15 F .174(vious scope before an)-.25 F 2.673 +544.8 S .174(ists at a pre).15 F .174(vious scope before an)-.25 F 2.673 (yn)-.15 G .673 -.25(ew va)-2.673 H .173(lue is assigned.).25 F .173 -(The nameref attrib)5.173 F .173(ute is not)-.2 F(inherited.)184 696 Q -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(20)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +(The nameref attrib)5.173 F .173(ute is not)-.2 F(inherited.)184 556.8 Q +F1(localv)144 573.6 Q(ar_unset)-.1 E F0 .328(If set, calling)184 585.6 R +F1(unset)2.828 E F0 .328(on local v)2.828 F .329(ariables in pre)-.25 F +.329(vious function scopes marks them so subse-)-.25 F .543(quent looku\ +ps \214nd them unset until that function returns. This is identical to \ +the beha)184 597.6 R(v-)-.2 E(ior of unsetting local v)184 609.6 Q +(ariables at the current function scope.)-.25 E F1(login_shell)144 626.4 +Q F0 .486 +(The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184 +638.4 R F2(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 650.4 S(lue may not be changed.) +.25 E F1(mailwar)144 667.2 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815(If set, and a \214le that) +184 679.2 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 +(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.315 F +-.1(wa)184 691.2 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E +(`The mail in)-.74 E F3(mail\214le)2.5 E F0(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i) +-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20) +149.565 E(20)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 21 21 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(localv)144 84 Q -(ar_unset)-.1 E F0 .328(If set, calling)184 96 R F1(unset)2.828 E F0 -.328(on local v)2.828 F .329(ariables in pre)-.25 F .329 -(vious function scopes marks them so subse-)-.25 F .543(quent lookups \ -\214nd them unset until that function returns. This is identical to the\ - beha)184 108 R(v-)-.2 E(ior of unsetting local v)184 120 Q -(ariables at the current function scope.)-.25 E F1(login_shell)144 132 Q -F0 .486 -(The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184 -144 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo) -2.737 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 156 S -(lue may not be changed.).25 E F1(mailwar)144 168 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815 -(If set, and a \214le that)184 180 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 -(is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.315 F --.1(wa)184 192 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E -(`The mail in)-.74 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mail\214le)2.5 E F0 -(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i)-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1 -(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 204 Q F0 .324(If set, and)184 216 R F1 -.18 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 84 Q F0 .324(If set, and)184 96 R F1 -.18 (re)2.824 G(adline).18 E F0 .324(is being used,)2.824 F F1(bash)2.824 E -F0 .324(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F2 -.666(PA)2.825 G(TH) --.189 E F0 .325(for possible)2.575 F -(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 228 Q F1 -(nocaseglob)144 240 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 252 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 .436 -(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.937 F .736 -.15(ve f)-.25 -H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 264 S +F0 .324(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +-.666(PA)2.825 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .325(for possible)2.575 F +(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 108 Q F1 +(nocaseglob)144 124.8 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 136.8 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 +.436(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.937 F .736 -.15(ve f) +-.25 H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 148.8 S (pansion \(see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion).1 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 276 Q F0 1.193(If set,)184 -288 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti) -3.693 F 1.494 -.15(ve f)-.25 H 1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 -F .551(while e)184 300 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)3.051 E F0 -(or)3.051 E F1([[)3.051 E F0 .551 -(conditional commands, when performing pattern substitution)3.051 F -.1 -(wo)184 312 S .622(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering possib\ -le completions as part of programmable com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 324 Q F1 -(nullglob)144 336 Q F0 .855(If set,)184 348 R F1(bash)3.355 E F0(allo) -3.355 E .855(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa) -3.354 G .854(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.354 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.354 -(\)t).15 G(o)-3.354 E -.15(ex)184 360 S +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 165.6 Q F0 1.193(If set,)184 +177.6 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194 +(matches patterns in a case\255insensiti)3.693 F 1.494 -.15(ve f)-.25 H +1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 F .551(while e)184 189.6 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)3.051 E F0(or)3.051 E F1([[)3.051 E +F0 .551(conditional commands, when performing pattern substitution)3.051 +F -.1(wo)184 201.6 S .622(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering\ + possible completions as part of programmable com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 +213.6 Q F1(nullglob)144 230.4 Q F0 .855(If set,)184 242.4 R F1(bash) +3.355 E F0(allo)3.355 E .855(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see) +-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.354 G .854(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.354 E -.15 +(ve)-.15 G 3.354(\)t).15 G(o)-3.354 E -.15(ex)184 254.4 S (pand to a null string, rather than themselv).15 E(es.)-.15 E F1(pr)144 -372 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .676(If set, the programmable completion f)184 -384 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.177 E .677 +271.2 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .676(If set, the programmable completion f)184 +283.2 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.177 E .677 (ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.177 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -(are enabled.)184 396 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1 -(pr)144 408 Q(ogcomp_alias)-.18 E F0 2.124 -(If set, and programmable completion is enabled,)184 420 R F1(bash)4.624 -E F0 2.124(treats a command name that)4.624 F(doesn')184 432 Q 3.288(th) +(are enabled.)184 295.2 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E +F1(pr)144 312 Q(ogcomp_alias)-.18 E F0 2.124 +(If set, and programmable completion is enabled,)184 324 R F1(bash)4.624 +E F0 2.124(treats a command name that)4.624 F(doesn')184 336 Q 3.288(th) -.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-3.288 H(an)3.488 E 3.288(yc)-.15 G .789 (ompletions as a possible alias and attempts alias e)-3.288 F .789 -(xpansion. If it has)-.15 F 1.473(an alias,)184 444 R F1(bash)3.973 E F0 +(xpansion. If it has)-.15 F 1.473(an alias,)184 348 R F1(bash)3.973 E F0 1.473(attempts programmable completion using the command w)3.973 F 1.473 -(ord resulting)-.1 F(from the e)184 456 Q(xpanded alias.)-.15 E F1(pr) -144 468 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.447(If set, prompt strings under) -184 480 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.448 -(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 492 S -.171(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G .17 -(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in)-.15 F F2(PR)2.67 E +(ord resulting)-.1 F(from the e)184 360 Q(xpanded alias.)-.15 E F1(pr) +144 376.8 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.447 +(If set, prompt strings under)184 388.8 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F +1.448(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 +400.8 S .171(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G +.17(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in)-.15 F F2(PR)2.67 E (OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.42 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E -(This option is enabled by def)184 504 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)144 516 -S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 +(This option is enabled by def)184 412.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)144 +429.6 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 (The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode \(see) -184 528 R F2 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 540 Q 2.86 +184 441.6 R F2 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 453.6 Q 2.86 (w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)2.86 G .36(lue may not be changed.).25 F .36 (This is not reset when the startup \214les are e)5.36 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -(-).15 E(cuted, allo)184 552 Q(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 E -F1(shift_v)144 564 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .501(If set, the)184 576 R F1 +(-).15 E(cuted, allo)184 465.6 Q(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 +E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 +E F1(shift_v)144 482.4 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .501(If set, the)184 494.4 R F1 (shift)3.001 E F0 -.2(bu)3.001 G .501 (iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .502 -(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 588 Q F1(sour) -144 600 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .771(If set, the)184 612 R F1(sour)3.271 E -(ce)-.18 E F0(\()3.271 E F1(.)A F0 3.271(\)b)C .771(uiltin uses the v) +(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 506.4 Q F1(sour) +144 523.2 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .771(If set, the)184 535.2 R F1(sour)3.271 +E(ce)-.18 E F0(\()3.271 E F1(.)A F0 3.271(\)b)C .771(uiltin uses the v) -3.471 F .771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.27 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .77 (to \214nd the directory containing the)3.02 F(\214le supplied as an ar) -184 624 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.) --.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 636 Q F0(If set, the)184 648 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 --.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 -E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend)108 664.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A 1.001 -(Suspend the e)144 676.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.001 +184 547.2 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F(option is enabled by def)2.5 E +(ault.)-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 564 Q F0(If set, the)184 576 Q F1(echo)2.5 +E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def) +-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend)108 592.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A +1.001(Suspend the e)144 604.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.001 (cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.502(signal. A)3.252 F 1.002(login shell cannot be) -3.502 F .023(suspended; the)144 688.8 R F1<ad66>2.523 E F0 .023 +3.502 F .023(suspended; the)144 616.8 R F1<ad66>2.523 E F0 .023 (option can be used to o)2.523 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 (rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .022(The return status is) -5.022 F 2.5(0u)144 700.8 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E +5.022 F 2.5(0u)144 628.8 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 -E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(21)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +E F1(test)108 645.6 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([) +108 657.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .877 +(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 657.6 R .878 +(alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .878 +(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)144 669.6 +S(pr).2 E F0 5.53(.E).73 G .53 +(ach operator and operand must be a separate ar)-5.53 F 3.03 +(gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F .072 +(primaries described in the)144 681.6 R F1(bash)2.573 E F0 .073 +(manual page under)2.573 F F2(CONDITION)2.573 E .073(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 +F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(test)4.573 E F0 .073(does not)2.573 F +.695(accept an)144 693.6 R 3.195(yo)-.15 G .695 +(ptions, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)-3.195 F .694(gument of) +-.18 F F1<adad>3.194 E F0 .694(as signifying the end of op-)3.194 F +(tions.)144 705.6 Q 3.141(Expressions may be combined using the follo) +144 723.6 R 3.141(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of)-.25 F +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(21)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 22 22 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(test)108 84 Q/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([)108 96 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G -(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .877(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 -96 R .878(alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .878 -(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F2 -.2(ex)144 108 S -(pr).2 E F0 5.53(.E).73 G .53 -(ach operator and operand must be a separate ar)-5.53 F 3.03 -(gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 3.079 -(primaries described abo)144 120 R 3.379 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 -9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDITION)5.579 E 3.079(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(test)7.579 E F0 3.08(does not accept an)5.58 F -(y)-.15 E(options, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 132 Q -(gument of)-.18 E F1<adad>2.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 -E .786(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 150 R .785 -(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.411 -(dence. The)144 162 R -.25(eva)3.411 G .911 -(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .912(guments; see belo)-.18 F -4.712 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .912(perator precedence is).65 F -(used when there are \214v)144 174 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar) --2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 186 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35 -(Tr)180 186 S(ue if).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E(alse.) --.1 E F1(\()144 198 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26 -(Returns the v)180 198 R .26(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 -5.26(.T)C .26(his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 -(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 210 Q F2 -.2(ex) -144 222 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35 -(Tr)180 234 S(ue if both).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F2 --.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F2 -.2(ex)144 246 S(pr1).2 E -F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 258 S +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 4.114(precedence. The)144 84 R -.25(eva) +4.114 G 1.613(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F 1.613 +(guments; see belo)-.18 F 5.413 -.65(w. O)-.25 H 1.613(perator prece-) +.65 F(dence is used when there are \214v)144 96 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm) +-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)144 108 Q +/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 108 S +(ue if).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E(alse.)-.1 E F1(\() +144 120 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26(Returns the v)180 +120 R .26(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 5.26(.T)C .26 +(his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 +(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 132 Q F2 -.2(ex) +144 144 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35 +(Tr)180 156 S(ue if both).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F2 +-.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F2 -.2(ex)144 168 S(pr1).2 E +F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 180 S (ue if either).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G -(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 274.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E +(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 196.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E (xpressions using a set of rules based on the number of ar)-.15 E -(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 292.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) -180 304.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 316.8 S -.18 -(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 328.8 Q +(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 214.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) +180 226.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 238.8 S -.18 +(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 250.8 Q (xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18 -E 2.5(2a)144 340.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) -180 352.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 +E 2.5(2a)144 262.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) +180 274.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 -(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 364.8 R .38 -(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .679 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(CONDI-)2.879 E(TION)180 376.8 Q .552 -(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 .552(the e)2.802 F .552 -(xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .552 -(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 388.8 Q +(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 286.8 R .38 +(gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .68 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 +298.8 Q .553(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .552 +(the e)2.802 F .552(xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F +.552(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 310.8 Q (alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E -(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 400.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G -(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 412.8 R .236 +(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 322.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 334.8 R .236 (wing conditions are applied in the order listed.)-.25 F .236 (If the second ar)5.236 F .236(gument is one of)-.18 F .855 -(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 424.8 R 1.155 -.15 +(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 346.8 R 1.155 -.15 (ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(CONDITION)3.355 E .855(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F -F4(,)A F0(the)3.105 E .579(result of the e)180 436.8 R .578(xpression i\ +F4(,)A F0(the)3.104 E .578(result of the e)180 358.8 R .578(xpression i\ s the result of the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F -(guments)-.18 E 1.332(as operands.)180 448.8 R(The)6.332 E F1<ad61>3.832 -E F0(and)3.832 E F1<ad6f>3.832 E F0 1.333 +(guments)-.18 E 1.333(as operands.)180 370.8 R(The)6.333 E F1<ad61>3.833 +E F0(and)3.833 E F1<ad6f>3.832 E F0 1.332 (operators are considered binary operators when there are)3.832 F .558 -(three ar)180 460.8 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 +(three ar)180 382.8 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 F .558(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F .558(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F -(o-ar)-.1 E(gument)-.18 E .52(test using the second and third ar)180 -472.8 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .521 -(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.021 E F0 .521(and the third) -3.021 F(ar)180 484.8 Q .485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 -E F0 2.985(,t)C .485(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485 +(o-ar)-.1 E(gument)-.18 E .521(test using the second and third ar)180 +394.8 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .52 +(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.02 E F0 .52(and the third)3.02 +F(ar)180 406.8 Q .485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 E F0 +2.985(,t)C .485(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485 (gument test of the second ar)-.18 F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E -(wise, the e)180 496.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 -508.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .384(If the \214rst ar)180 520.8 R -.384(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.884 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385 -(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .385(tion of the three-ar) -.05 F .385(gument e)-.18 F .385(xpression com-)-.15 F 1.648 -(posed of the remaining ar)180 532.8 R 4.147(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F -1.647(the e)4.147 F 1.647(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 -G(luated).25 E(according to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 -544.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 556.8 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar) --2.5 E(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 568.8 R 1.635 +(wise, the e)180 418.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 +430.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .385(If the \214rst ar)180 442.8 R +.385(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.885 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385 +(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .384(tion of the three-ar) +.05 F .384(gument e)-.18 F .384(xpression com-)-.15 F .284 +(posed of the remaining ar)180 454.8 R 2.784(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F +.284(the e)2.784 F .284(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G +.285(luated ac-).25 F(cording to precedence using the rules listed abo) +180 466.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 478.8 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G +(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 490.8 R 1.635 (xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.635 (luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180 -580.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 598.8 Q F1(test)2.5 E +502.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 520.8 Q F1(test)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F1(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1 (>)2.5 E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E -(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F1(times)108 615.6 Q F0 +(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F1(times)108 537.6 Q F0 1.229(Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for\ - processes run from the shell.)144 615.6 R(The return status is 0.)144 -627.6 Q F1(trap)108 644.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E -F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .702(The command) -144 656.4 R F2(ar)3.532 E(g)-.37 E F0 .702(is to be read and e)3.422 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .702(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.203(ss).15 G(ignal\(s\))-3.203 E F2(sigspec)3.203 E F0 5.703(.I).31 G -(f)-5.703 E F2(ar)3.533 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.423 E .609 -(absent \(and there is a single)144 668.4 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108 + processes run from the shell.)144 537.6 R(The return status is 0.)144 +549.6 Q F1(trap)108 566.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E +F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .683(The command) +144 578.4 R F2(ar)3.513 E(g)-.37 E F0 .683(is to be read and e)3.403 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .682(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.182(ss).15 G(ignal\(s\))-3.182 E F2(sigspec)3.522 E F0 5.682(.I).31 G +(f)-5.682 E F2(ar)3.512 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.402 E .608 +(absent \(and there is a single)144 590.4 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108 (\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E F0 3.108(,e)C .608 (ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F -.658(\(the v)144 680.4 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) --.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659 +.659(\(the v)144 602.4 R .659(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) +-.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .658 (is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F2(sigspec) -144.34 692.4 Q F0 .581 -(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G --.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E F0 .58 -(is not present and)3.3 F F1<ad70>3.08 E F0(has)3.08 E 1.214 -(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 704.4 R -F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215 -F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 716.4 R F1<ad70>3.36 +144.34 614.4 Q F0 .58(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in) +3.39 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.081(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.411 E(g)-.37 E +F0 .581(is not present and)3.301 F F1<ad70>3.081 E F0(has)3.081 E 1.215 +(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 626.4 R +F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.214(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.214(If no ar)6.214 +F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 638.4 R F1<ad70>3.36 E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 -(prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 4.326 -(signal. The)144 728.4 R F1<ad6c>4.326 E F0 1.826(option causes the she\ -ll to print a list of signal names and their corresponding)4.326 F -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(22)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +(prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83 +(signal. The)144 650.4 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ +to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F 4.31 +(bers. Each)144 662.4 R F2(sigspec)4.65 E F0 1.811 +(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.62 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.811 +(>, or a signal number)B 6.811(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.811 E +(names are case insensiti)144 674.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E +F3(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E .667(If a)144 692.4 R F2 +(sigspec)3.507 E F0(is)3.477 E F3(EXIT)3.167 E F0 .667 +(\(0\) the command)2.917 F F2(ar)3.496 E(g)-.37 E F0 .666(is e)3.386 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .666(cuted on e).15 F .666(xit from the shell.)-.15 F +.666(If a)5.666 F F2(sigspec)3.506 E F0(is)3.476 E F3(DE-)3.166 E -.09 +(BU)144 704.4 S(G).09 E F4(,)A F0 .483(the command)2.733 F F2(ar)3.313 E +(g)-.37 E F0 .483(is e)3.203 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .484(cuted before e).15 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 .484(simple command)2.984 F F0(,)A F2(for) +2.984 E F0(command,)2.984 E F2(case)2.984 E F0(command,)2.984 E F2 +(select)144 716.4 Q F0 .563(command, e)3.063 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .563 +(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)3.063 E F0 .563 +(command, and before the \214rst command e)3.063 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .562 +(cutes in a shell).15 F .622(function \(see)144 728.4 R F3 .622 +(SHELL GRAMMAR)3.122 F F0(abo)2.872 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.122(\). Refer).15 +F .622(to the description of the)3.122 F F1(extdeb)3.122 E(ug)-.2 E F0 +.622(option to the)3.122 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E +(22)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 23 23 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 3.126(numbers. Each)144 84 R/F1 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(sigspec)3.466 E F0 .625 -(is either a signal name de\214ned in <)3.436 F F1(signal.h)A F0 .625 -(>, or a signal number)B 5.625(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-5.625 E -(names are case insensiti)144 96 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E/F2 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E 1.648(If a) -144 114 R F1(sigspec)4.488 E F0(is)4.458 E F2(EXIT)4.148 E F0 1.648 -(\(0\) the command)3.898 F F1(ar)4.479 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.649(is e)4.369 F --.15(xe)-.15 G 1.649(cuted on e).15 F 1.649(xit from the shell.)-.15 F -1.649(If a)6.649 F F1(sigspec)4.489 E F0(is)4.459 E F2(DEB)144 126 Q(UG) --.09 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 1.168(the command)3.418 F F1(ar) -3.998 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.168(is e)3.888 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.167 -(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F1 1.167(simple command) -3.667 F F0(,)A F1(for)3.667 E F0(command,)3.667 E F1(case)3.667 E F0 -(com-)3.667 E(mand,)144 138 Q F1(select)2.646 E F0 .146(command, e)2.646 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G .146(ry arithmetic).15 F F1(for)2.646 E F0 .147 -(command, and before the \214rst command e)2.646 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .147 -(cutes in a).15 F .146(shell function \(see)144 150 R F2 .146 -(SHELL GRAMMAR)2.646 F F0(abo)2.396 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.646(\). Refer).15 -F .146(to the description of the)2.646 F/F4 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(extdeb) -2.645 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .145(option to)2.645 F(the)144 162 Q F4(shopt)3.2 E -F0 -.2(bu)3.2 G .7(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .7(fect on the)-.25 -F F4(DEB)3.2 E(UG)-.1 E F0 3.2(trap. If)3.2 F(a)3.2 E F1(sigspec)3.54 E -F0(is)3.51 E F2(RETURN)3.2 E F3(,)A F0 .701(the com-)2.951 F(mand)144 -174 Q F1(ar)3.474 E(g)-.37 E F0 .644(is e)3.364 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643 -(cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -.643(cuted with the).15 F F4(.)3.143 E F0(or)3.143 E F4(sour)3.143 E(ce) --.18 E F0 -.2(bu)3.143 G(iltins).2 E(\214nishes e)144 186 Q -.15(xe)-.15 -G(cuting.).15 E .96(If a)144 204 R F1(sigspec)3.8 E F0(is)3.77 E F2(ERR) -3.46 E F3(,)A F0 .96(the command)3.21 F F1(ar)3.791 E(g)-.37 E F0 .961 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(shopt)144 84 Q F0 -.2 +(bu)2.996 G .496(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .496(fect on the)-.25 +F F1(DEB)2.996 E(UG)-.1 E F0 2.996(trap. If)2.996 F(a)2.996 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(sigspec)3.336 E F0(is)3.306 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +(RETURN)2.996 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .496(the command)2.746 F F2 +(ar)144.33 96 Q(g)-.37 E F0 .18(is e)2.9 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .18 +(cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .18 +(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.68 E F0(or)2.68 E F1(sour)2.68 E(ce)-.18 E +F0 -.2(bu)2.68 G .18(iltins \214nishes).2 F -.15(exe)144 108 S(cuting.) +.15 E .961(If a)144 126 R F2(sigspec)3.801 E F0(is)3.771 E F3(ERR)3.461 +E F4(,)A F0 .961(the command)3.211 F F2(ar)3.791 E(g)-.37 E F0 .961 (is e)3.681 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .961(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.461 -(rap).15 G .961(ipeline \(which may consist of a)-3.461 F .185(single s\ -imple command\), a list, or a compound command returns a non\255zero e) -144 216 R .184(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .451(the follo)144 228 R -.451(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.451 E F2(ERR)2.951 E F0 .451 -(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451(cuted if the f).15 F .452 -(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .388 -(mand list immediately follo)144 240 R .388(wing a)-.25 F F4(while)2.888 -E F0(or)2.888 E F4(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 -(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F1(if)2.897 E F0 .387 -(statement, part)4.847 F .777(of a command e)144 252 R -.15(xe)-.15 G -.778(cuted in a).15 F F4(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F4(||)3.278 E F0 .778 +(ra).15 G .96(pipeline \(which may consist of a)-.001 F .185(single sim\ +ple command\), a list, or a compound command returns a non\255zero e)144 +138 R .185(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .452(the follo)144 150 R .452 +(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.452 E F3(ERR)2.952 E F0 .451 +(trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451(cuted if the f).15 F .451 +(ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .387 +(mand list immediately follo)144 162 R .387(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)2.887 +E F0(or)2.887 E F1(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 +(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)2.898 E F0 .388 +(statement, part)4.848 F .778(of a command e)144 174 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.778(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 .778 (list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778 -(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F4(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F4(||)3.278 E F0 -3.278(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.278 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 264 R 1.28 +(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.277 E F0 +3.277(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.277 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 186 R 1.28 (ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.78(sr)-.55 G 1.28(eturn v)-3.78 -F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F F4(!) -3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 276 Q(yed by the) --.15 E F4(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F4<ad65>A F0 2.5(\)o)C -(ption.)-2.5 E 1.095 +F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F F1(!) +3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 198 Q(yed by the) +-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F1<ad65>A F0 2.5(\)o)C +(ption.)-2.5 E .133 (Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 -294 R -.35(Tr)6.095 G 1.095(apped signals that are not).35 F .662 -(being ignored are reset to their original v)144 306 R .662 -(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .661(vironment when one is) --.4 F 2.5(created. The)144 318 R(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1 -E(y)-.15 E F1(sigspec)2.84 E F0(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid; otherwise).25 E F4(trap)2.5 E F0(returns true.)2.5 E F4(type)108 -334.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F4(\255aftpP)A F0(])A F1(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1 -(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 346.8 S .173 -(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F1(name) -3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174 -(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F -F4<ad74>144 358.8 Q F0 .843(option is used,)3.343 F F4(type)3.343 E F0 -.843(prints a string which is one of)3.343 F F1(alias)3.343 E F0(,).27 E -F1 -.1(ke)3.343 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F1(function)3.343 E F0 -(,).24 E F1 -.2(bu)3.342 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.342(,o).24 G(r)-3.342 E F1 -(\214le)5.252 E F0(if)3.522 E F1(name)144.36 370.8 Q F0 .086 -(is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086 -(ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F1 -(name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119 -(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 382.8 R .118 -(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F -F4<ad70>2.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F4(type)2.618 E F0 .855 -(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 394.8 R .855 -(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F1(name)3.715 E F0 -.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .641(mand name, or nothing if) -144 406.8 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .641(type -t name)3.141 F F0 -.1(wo)3.141 -G .641(uld not return).1 F F1(\214le)3.14 E F0 5.64(.T).18 G(he)-5.64 E -F4<ad50>3.14 E F0 .64(option forces a)3.14 F F2 -.666(PA)3.14 G(TH)-.189 -E F0 .112(search for each)144 418.8 R F1(name)2.612 E F0 2.612(,e)C -.15 -(ve)-2.862 G 2.613(ni).15 G(f)-2.613 E F5 .113(type -t name)2.613 F F0 --.1(wo)2.613 G .113(uld not return).1 F F1(\214le)2.613 E F0 5.113(.I) -.18 G 2.613(fac)-5.113 G .113(ommand is hashed,)-2.613 F F4<ad70>2.613 E -F0(and)144 430.8 Q F4<ad50>3.231 E F0 .731(print the hashed v)3.231 F -.73(alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in) --.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.23 G(TH)-.189 E F3(.)A F0 .73(If the)5.23 F F4 -<ad61>144 442.8 Q F0 1.748(option is used,)4.248 F F4(type)4.248 E F0 -1.748(prints all of the places that contain an e)4.248 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -1.748(cutable named).15 F F1(name)4.249 E F0 6.749(.T).18 G(his)-6.749 E -.744(includes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 454.8 R F4 -<ad70>3.244 E F0 .744(option is not also used.)3.244 F .743 -(The table of hashed)5.744 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using) -144 466.8 R F4<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F4<ad66>3.723 E F0 -1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .326(with the) -144 478.8 R F4(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E F4(type) -5.326 E F0 .326(returns true if all of the ar)2.826 F .325 -(guments are found, f)-.18 F .325(alse if an)-.1 F 2.825(ya)-.15 G .325 -(re not)-2.825 F(found.)144 490.8 Q F4(ulimit)108 507.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F4 -(\255HSabcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPT)A F0([)2.5 E F1(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 -519.6 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243 -(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 +216 R -.35(Tr)5.132 G .132(apped signals that are not be-).35 F .117 +(ing ignored are reset to their original v)144 228 R .117 +(alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .117 +(vironment when one is cre-)-.4 F 2.5(ated. The)144 240 R +(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0 +(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0 +(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108 256.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(]) +A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 268.8 S +.174(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.674 E F2 +(name)3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173 +(uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F +F1<ad74>144 280.8 Q F0 .715(option is used,)3.215 F F1(type)3.215 E F0 +.715(prints a string which is one of)3.215 F F2(alias)3.545 E F0(,).27 E +F2 -.1(ke)3.215 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)5.185 E F0 +(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.215 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.215(,o).24 G(r)-3.215 E F2 +(\214le)5.125 E F0(if)3.395 E F2(name)144.36 292.8 Q F0 .087 +(is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087 +(ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F2 +(name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118 +(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 304.8 R .118 +(xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F +F1<ad70>2.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F1(type)2.619 E F0 .855 +(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 316.8 R .855 +(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0 +.855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .528(mand name, or nothing if) +144 328.8 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .528(type -t name)3.028 F F0 -.1(wo)3.028 +G .528(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)4.938 E F0 5.528(.T).18 G(he)-5.528 +E F1<ad50>3.028 E F0 .529(option forces a)3.028 F F3 -.666(PA)3.029 G +(TH)-.189 E F0 .007(search for each)144 340.8 R F2(name)2.507 E F0 2.507 +(,e)C -.15(ve)-2.757 G 2.507(ni).15 G(f)-2.507 E F5 .007(type -t name) +2.507 F F0 -.1(wo)2.507 G .007(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)4.417 E F0 +5.006(.I).18 G 2.506(fac)-5.006 G .006(ommand is hashed,)-2.506 F F1 +<ad70>2.506 E F0(and)144 352.8 Q F1<ad50>3.23 E F0 .73 +(print the hashed v)3.23 F .731 +(alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 +F F3 -.666(PA)3.231 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .731(If the)5.231 F F1<ad61> +144 364.8 Q F0 .824(option is used,)3.324 F F1(type)3.324 E F0 .824 +(prints all of the places that contain an e)3.324 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .823 +(cutable named).15 F F2(name)3.683 E F0 5.823(.T).18 G .823(his in-) +-5.823 F 1.176(cludes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 +376.8 R F1<ad70>3.676 E F0 1.176(option is not also used.)3.676 F 1.177 +(The table of hashed)6.176 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using) +144 388.8 R F1<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F1<ad66>3.723 E F0 +1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .325(with the) +144 400.8 R F1(command)2.825 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type) +5.325 E F0 .325(returns true if all of the ar)2.825 F .326 +(guments are found, f)-.18 F .326(alse if an)-.1 F 2.826(ya)-.15 G .326 +(re not)-2.826 F(found.)144 412.8 Q F1(ulimit)108 429.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +(\255HS)A F0(])A F1<ad61>2.5 E(ulimit)108 441.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HS)A +F0 2.5(][)C F1(\255bcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPR)-2.5 E(T)-.4 E F0([)2.5 E F2 +(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 453.6 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.744(rt).15 G .244(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 (ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F -.944(that allo)144 531.6 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F -(The)5.944 E F4<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F4<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943 +.943(that allo)144 465.6 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F +(The)5.943 E F1<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944 (options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi) -144 543.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208 +144 477.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208 (hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\ -ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 555.6 R .426 -(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F4<ad48>2.925 E -F0(nor)2.925 E F4<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425 -(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 -567.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F1(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 +ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 489.6 R .425 +(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F1<ad48>2.926 E +F0(nor)2.926 E F1<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426 +(is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 +501.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 (can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F -.742(of the special v)144 579.6 R(alues)-.25 E F4(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F4 -(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F4(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) -C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .78 -(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 591.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E -5.78(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.78 E F1(limit)3.37 E F0 .78 -(is omitted, the current v)3.96 F .78(alue of the soft limit of the)-.25 -F .499(resource is printed, unless the)144 603.6 R F4<ad48>2.999 E F0 -.499(option is gi)2.999 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.999(n. When).15 F .498 -(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)2.999 F -(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 615.6 Q 2.5 -(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F4 -<ad61>144 627.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)180 627.6 Q F4 -<ad62>144 639.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)180 639.6 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E -(fer size)-.25 E F4<ad63>144 651.6 Q F0 -(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 651.6 Q F4<ad64>144 663.6 -Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 663.6 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se) --2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F4<ad65>144 675.6 Q F0 -(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180 675.6 Q F4<ad66>144 -687.6 Q F0 +.741(of the special v)144 513.6 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1 +(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) +C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .024 +(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 525.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E +5.023(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.023 E F2(limit)2.613 E F0 .023 +(is omitted, the current v)3.203 F .023 +(alue of the soft limit of the re-)-.25 F .984 +(source is printed, unless the)144 537.6 R F1<ad48>3.484 E F0 .984 +(option is gi)3.484 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.484(n. When).15 F .985 +(more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)3.484 F .7 +(limit name and unit, if appropriate, are printed before the v)144 549.6 +R 3.2(alue. Other)-.25 F .7(options are interpreted as)3.2 F(follo)144 +561.6 Q(ws:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 573.6 Q F0 +(All current limits are reported; no limits are set)180 573.6 Q F1<ad62> +144 585.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)180 585.6 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E +(fer size)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 597.6 Q F0 +(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 597.6 Q F1<ad64>144 609.6 +Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 609.6 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se) +-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 621.6 Q F0 +(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180 621.6 Q F1<ad66>144 +633.6 Q F0 (The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)180 -687.6 Q F4<ad69>144 699.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180 -699.6 Q F4<ad6b>144 711.6 Q F0 -(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 711.6 Q +633.6 Q F1<ad69>144 645.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180 +645.6 Q F1<ad6b>144 657.6 Q F0 +(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 657.6 Q F1 +<ad6c>144 669.6 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)180 669.6 Q +(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 681.6 Q F0 +(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 681.6 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G +(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 693.6 Q F0 .791(Th\ +e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo) +180 693.6 R 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F +(be set\))180 705.6 Q F1<ad70>144 717.6 Q F0 +(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 717.6 Q (GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(23)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 24 24 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -3001,136 +2984,335 @@ BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6c>144 84 Q F0 -(The maximum size that may be lock)180 84 Q(ed into memory)-.1 E F1 -<ad6d>144 96 Q F0(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 96 Q 2.5(ys) --.15 G(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 108 Q F0 .791 -(The maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not al\ -lo)180 108 R 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F -(be set\))180 120 Q F1<ad70>144 132 Q F0 -(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 132 Q F1 -<ad71>144 144 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues) -180 144 Q F1<ad72>144 156 Q F0 -(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 156 Q F1<ad73>144 168 Q -F0(The maximum stack size)180 168 Q F1<ad74>144 180 Q F0 -(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 180 Q F1<ad75>144 192 Q -F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 192 Q -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 204 Q F0 .47 -(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 204 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47 -(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 216 -Q F1<ad78>144 228 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180 228 Q F1 -<ad50>144 240 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180 240 Q F1 -<ad54>144 252 Q F0(The maximum number of threads)180 252 Q(If)144 268.8 -Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)3.058 E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve) --.25 G .468(n, and the).15 F F1<ad61>2.968 E F0 .468 -(option is not used,)2.968 F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F -2.968(wv)-.25 G .468(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 -E .045(no option is gi)144 280.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(n, then).15 F F1 -<ad66>2.545 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad71>144 84 Q F0 +(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)180 84 Q F1<ad72> +144 96 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 96 Q F1<ad73> +144 108 Q F0(The maximum stack size)180 108 Q F1<ad74>144 120 Q F0 +(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 120 Q F1<ad75>144 132 Q +F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 132 Q -.25(va)-.2 G +(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 144 Q F0 .47 +(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 144 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47 +(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 156 +Q F1<ad78>144 168 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180 168 Q F1 +<ad50>144 180 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180 180 Q F1 +<ad52>144 192 Q F0(The maximum time a real-time process can run before \ +blocking, in microseconds)180 192 Q F1<ad54>144 204 Q F0 +(The maximum number of threads)180 204 Q(If)144 220.8 Q/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)3.058 E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +.468(n, and the).15 F F1<ad61>2.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968 +F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468 +(alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .045 +(no option is gi)144 232.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(n, then).15 F F1<ad66> +2.545 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045 (lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .044(xcept for)-.15 F F1 -<ad74>2.544 E F0 2.544(,w)C .044(hich is)-2.544 F 1.588(in seconds;)144 -292.8 R F1<ad70>4.088 E F0 4.089(,w)C 1.589 -(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks;)-4.089 F F1<ad50>4.089 E F0(,)A F1 -<ad54>4.089 E F0(,)A F1<ad62>4.089 E F0(,)A F1<ad6b>4.089 E F0(,)A F1 -<ad6e>4.089 E F0 4.089(,a)C(nd)-4.089 E F1<ad75>4.089 E F0 4.089(,w)C -1.589(hich are)-4.089 F 1.476(unscaled v)144 304.8 R 1.476 -(alues; and, when in posix mode,)-.25 F F1<ad63>3.976 E F0(and)3.976 E -F1<ad66>3.976 E F0 3.976(,w)C 1.476(hich are in 512-byte increments.) --3.976 F(The)6.476 E .404(return status is 0 unless an in)144 316.8 R --.25(va)-.4 G .404(lid option or ar).25 F .404 -(gument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting)-.18 F 2.5(an)144 -328.8 S .5 -.25(ew l)-2.5 H(imit.).25 E F1(umask)108 345.6 Q F0([)2.5 E -F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A -.2(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 357.6 R F2(mode)2.7 E F0 -5.2(.I).18 G(f)-5.2 E F2(mode)3.08 E F0(be)2.88 E .2 +<ad74>2.544 E F0 2.544(,w)C .044(hich is)-2.544 F .67(in seconds;)144 +244.8 R F1<ad52>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in microseconds;)-3.17 F +F1<ad70>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks;) +-3.17 F F1<ad50>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad54>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad62>3.17 E F0(,) +A F1<ad6b>144 256.8 Q F0(,)A F1<ad6e>3.737 E F0 3.737(,a)C(nd)-3.737 E +F1<ad75>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.236(hich are unscaled v)-3.736 F 1.236 +(alues; and, when in posix mode,)-.25 F F1<ad63>3.736 E F0(and)3.736 E +F1<ad66>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.236(hich are in)-3.736 F .238 +(512-byte increments.)144 268.8 R .238 +(The return status is 0 unless an in)5.238 F -.25(va)-.4 G .238 +(lid option or ar).25 F .238(gument is supplied, or an)-.18 F +(error occurs while setting a ne)144 280.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E +F1(umask)108 297.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 +2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .18 +(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 309.6 R F2(mode)3.06 E F0 +5.18(.I).18 G(f)-5.18 E F2(mode)3.06 E F0(be)2.86 E .18 (gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\ therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\ -pted by)144 369.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 -381.6 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382 +pted by)144 321.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 +333.6 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382 (alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382 (option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547 -(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 393.6 R .547 +(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 345.6 R .547 (ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G (he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2 -(mode)144.38 405.6 Q F0 .552 +(mode)144.38 357.6 Q F0 .552 (is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232 -F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 417.6 Q +F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 369.6 Q (as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E (gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1 -(unalias)108 434.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 -(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 446.4 Q 1.955 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) -4.155 E F0 1.655(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)4.155 F(If)6.655 E -F1<ad61>4.155 E F0 1.655(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are)4.155 -F(remo)144 458.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E +(unalias)108 386.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 +(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 398.4 Q 1.057 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) +3.257 E F0 .757(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)3.257 F(If)5.758 E +F1<ad61>3.258 E F0 .758(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are re-) +3.258 F(mo)144 410.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E (alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0 -(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 475.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1 +(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 427.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1 (fv)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...]) -2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 487.2 S 3.828(re).15 G(ach)-3.828 E F2(name)3.828 E F0 -3.828(,r).18 G(emo)-3.828 E 1.628 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.328 -(he corresponding v).15 F 1.327(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.327 -(If the)6.327 F F1<ad76>3.827 E F0 1.327(option is gi)3.827 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 1.327(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 499.2 Q F0 1.55 -(refers to a shell v)4.23 F 1.551(ariable, and that v)-.25 F 1.551 -(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.051(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va) -4.051 G 1.551(riables may not be).25 F 4.642(unset. If)144 511.2 R F1 -<ad66>4.642 E F0 2.142(is speci\214ed, each)4.642 F F2(name)5.001 E F0 -2.141(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is)4.821 -F(remo)144 523.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.537(d. If).15 F(the)2.537 E F1<ad6e> -2.537 E F0 .037(option is supplied, and)2.537 F F2(name)2.537 E F0 .037 -(is a v)2.537 F .037(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.537 E(ef)-.37 E -F0(attrib)2.537 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.537 E F0(will)2.538 E .492 -(be unset rather than the v)144 535.2 R .492(ariable it references.)-.25 -F F1<ad6e>5.492 E F0 .492(has no ef)2.992 F .492(fect if the)-.25 F F1 -<ad66>2.992 E F0 .492(option is supplied.)2.992 F .492(If no)5.492 F .22 -(options are supplied, each)144 547.2 R F2(name)2.72 E F0 .22 -(refers to a v)2.72 F .221(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .221 -(ariable by that name, an)-.25 F 2.721(yf)-.15 G(unc-)-2.721 E 1.189 -(tion with that name is unset.)144 559.2 R 1.189(Each unset v)6.189 F -1.189(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.688(df).15 G -1.188(rom the en)-3.688 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.205 -(passed to subsequent commands.)144 571.2 R 3.206(If an)8.206 F 5.706 -(yo)-.15 G(f)-5.706 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMP_W)5.706 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 -E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3(RANDOM)5.456 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)5.456 E -F4(,)A F3(LINENO)144 583.2 Q F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)4.348 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN) -4.348 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)4.348 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F0(or)4.348 E -F3(DIRST)4.598 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F0 2.098(are unset, the)4.348 -F 4.597(yl)-.15 G 2.097(ose their special)-4.597 F(properties, e)144 -595.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he)-2.5 E 2.5(ya)-.15 -G(re subsequently reset.)-2.5 E(The e)5 E(xit status is true unless a) --.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 612 Q -F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(id ...)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 -624 S .659(it for each speci\214ed child process and return its termina\ +2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 439.2 S 3.804(re).15 G(ach)-3.804 E F2(name)4.164 E F0 +3.804(,r).18 G(emo)-3.804 E 1.604 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.304 +(he corresponding v).15 F 1.303(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.303 +(If the)6.303 F F1<ad76>3.803 E F0 1.303(option is gi)3.803 F -.15(ve) +-.25 G 1.303(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 451.2 Q F0 .464 +(refers to a shell v)3.144 F .464(ariable, and that v)-.25 F .464 +(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.965(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va) +2.965 G .465(riables may not be un-).25 F 2.769(set. If)144 463.2 R F1 +<ad66>2.769 E F0 .269(is speci\214ed, each)2.769 F F2(name)3.129 E F0 +.269(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo) +2.949 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .403(If the)144 475.2 R F1<ad6e>2.903 E +F0 .404(option is supplied, and)2.904 F F2(name)2.904 E F0 .404(is a v) +2.904 F .404(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.904 E(ef)-.37 E F0 +(attrib)2.904 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.904 E F0 .404(will be unset)2.904 F +.72(rather than the v)144 487.2 R .72(ariable it references.)-.25 F F1 +<ad6e>5.72 E F0 .72(has no ef)3.22 F .719(fect if the)-.25 F F1<ad66> +3.219 E F0 .719(option is supplied.)3.219 F .719(If no options)5.719 F +.736(are supplied, each)144 499.2 R F2(name)3.236 E F0 .736 +(refers to a v)3.236 F .737(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .737 +(ariable by that name, a function with)-.25 F 1.762(that name, if an)144 +511.2 R 3.062 -.65(y, i)-.15 H 4.262(su).65 G 4.261(nset. Each)-4.262 F +1.761(unset v)4.261 F 1.761(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve) +-.15 G 4.261(df).15 G 1.761(rom the en)-4.261 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.171 +(passed to subsequent commands.)144 523.2 R 3.172(If an)8.172 F 5.672 +(yo)-.15 G(f)-5.672 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)5.672 G(SH_ALIASES) +.27 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3 -.27(BA)5.422 G(SH_ARGV0).27 E F4(,)A +F3 -.27(BA)5.422 G(SH_CMDS).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)144 535.2 S +(SH_COMMAND).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)11.482 G(SH_SUBSHELL).27 E F4(,)A F3 +-.27(BA)11.482 G(SHPID).27 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_W)11.482 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E +F4(,)A F3(DIRST)11.481 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHREAL) +144 547.2 Q(TIME)-.828 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHSECONDS)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN) +2.67 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)2.67 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)2.67 +E F4(,)A F3(LINENO)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(RANDOM)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)144 +559.2 Q F4(,)A F0(or)4.03 E F3(SRANDOM)4.28 E F0 1.779(are unset, the) +4.03 F 4.279(yl)-.15 G 1.779(ose their special properties, e)-4.279 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 4.279(ni).15 G 4.279(ft)-4.279 G(he)-4.279 E 4.279(ya) +-.15 G 1.779(re subse-)-4.279 F(quently reset.)144 571.2 Q(The e)5 E +(xit status is true unless a)-.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E +(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 588 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70> +-2.5 E F2(varname)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(id ...)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 +600 S .659(it for each speci\214ed child process and return its termina\ tion status.).8 F(Each)5.659 E F2(id)3.169 E F0 .659(may be a process) -3.929 F .009(ID or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 636 R +3.929 F .009(ID or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 612 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .008(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.508(sp)-.55 G .008(ipeline are w)-2.508 F .008(aited for)-.1 F 5.008(.I)-.55 G(f) --5.008 E F2(id)144.01 648 Q F0 .521(is not gi)3.791 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -.521(n, all currently acti).15 F .821 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .521 -(hild processes are w).15 F .521(aited for)-.1 F 3.021(,a)-.4 G .521 -(nd the return status is zero.)-3.021 F(If)5.522 E(the)144 660 Q F1 -<ad6e>3.057 E F0 .557(option is supplied,)3.057 F F1(wait)3.057 E F0 -.1 -(wa)3.057 G .557(its for an).1 F 3.057(yj)-.15 G .557 -(ob to terminate and returns its e)-3.057 F .557(xit status.)-.15 F .556 -(If the)5.556 F F1<ad66>3.056 E F0 .586 -(option is supplied, and job control is enabled,)144 672 R F1(wait)3.086 -E F0(forces)3.086 E F2(id)3.086 E F0 .587 -(to terminate before returning its sta-)3.086 F .756 -(tus, instead of returning when it changes status.)144 684 R(If)5.756 E -F2(id)3.266 E F0 .755(speci\214es a non-e)4.026 F .755 -(xistent process or job, the)-.15 F .365(return status is 127.)144 696 R -.365(Otherwise, the return status is the e)5.365 F .365 -(xit status of the last process or job w)-.15 F(aited)-.1 E(for)144 708 -Q(.)-.55 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(24)198.725 E 0 Cg -EP +-5.008 E F2(id)144.01 624 Q F0 .441(is not gi)3.711 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,) +.15 E F1(wait)2.941 E F0 -.1(wa)2.941 G .441 +(its for all running background jobs and the last-e).1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +.442(cuted process substitu-).15 F .598 +(tion, if its process id is the same as)144 636 R F1($!)3.098 E F0 3.098 +(,a)C .598(nd the return status is zero.)-3.098 F .597(If the)5.597 F F1 +<ad6e>3.097 E F0 .597(option is supplied,)3.097 F F1(wait)144 648 Q F0 +-.1(wa)3.082 G .583(its for a single job from the list of).1 F F2(id) +3.083 E F0 3.083(so)C 1.383 -.4(r, i)-3.083 H 3.083(fn).4 G(o)-3.083 E +F2(id)3.083 E F0 3.083(sa)C .583(re supplied, an)-3.083 F 3.083(yj)-.15 +G .583(ob, to complete and)-3.083 F .404(returns its e)144 660 R .404 +(xit status.)-.15 F .403(If none of the supplied ar)5.403 F .403 +(guments is a child of the shell, or if no ar)-.18 F(guments)-.18 E .572 +(are supplied and the shell has no unw)144 672 R .573 +(aited-for children, the e)-.1 F .573(xit status is 127.)-.15 F .573 +(If the)5.573 F F1<ad70>3.073 E F0 .573(option is)3.073 F .39 +(supplied, the process or job identi\214er of the job for which the e) +144 684 R .39(xit status is returned is assigned to)-.15 F .905(the v) +144 696 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)3.405 E F0 .905 +(named by the option ar)3.405 F 3.405(gument. The)-.18 F -.25(va)3.405 G +.905(riable will be unset initially).25 F 3.405(,b)-.65 G(efore)-3.405 E +(an)144 708 Q 3.89(ya)-.15 G 3.89(ssignment. 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