diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'doc')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bash.0 | 950 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bash.1 | 40 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bash.html | 45 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bash.info | 410 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bash.pdf | bin | 387441 -> 388212 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bash.ps | 2467 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bashbug.0 | 7 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bashbug.1 | 10 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bashbug.ps | 35 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bashref.dvi | bin | 788160 -> 789288 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bashref.html | 74 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bashref.info | 410 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bashref.pdf | bin | 767679 -> 769148 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bashref.ps | 3887 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/bashref.texi | 41 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/builtins.0 | 880 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/builtins.ps | 1995 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/rbash.ps | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/version.texi | 6 |
19 files changed, 5707 insertions, 5552 deletions
@@ -1088,8 +1088,8 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS value that is not one of the valid compatibility levels, the shell prints an error message and sets the compatibility level to the default for the current version. The valid values corre- - spond to the compatibility levels described below under SSHHEELLLL - CCOOMMPPAATTIIBBIILLIITTYY MMOODDEE. For example, 4.2 and 42 are valid values + spond to the compatibility levels described below under BBSSHHEELLLL-- + COMPATIBILITYMMOODDEE. For example, 4.2 and 42 are valid values that correspond to the ccoommppaatt4422 sshhoopptt option and set the compat- ibility level to 42. The current version is also a valid value. BBAASSHH__EENNVV @@ -1316,11 +1316,11 @@ PPAARRAAMMEETTEERRSS while the shell is running, bbaasshh enables _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, as if the command _s_e_t _-_o _p_o_s_i_x had been executed. When the shell enters _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, it sets this variable if it was not already set. - PPRROOMMPPTT__CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS - If this array variable is set, the value of each set element is - executed as a command prior to issuing each primary prompt. If - this is not set, but PPRROOMMPPTT__CCOOMMMMAANNDD is set to a value, its value - is used as a command to execute instead. + PPRROOMMPPTT__CCOOMMMMAANNDD + If this variable is set, and is an array, the value of each set + element is executed as a command prior to issuing each primary + prompt. If this is set but not an array variable, its value is + used as a command to execute instead. PPRROOMMPPTT__DDIIRRTTRRIIMM If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the number of trailing directory components to retain when expanding @@ -3215,9 +3215,9 @@ RREEAADDLLIINNEE ber of possible completions generated by the ppoossssiibbllee--ccoommppllee-- ttiioonnss command. It may be set to any integer value greater than or equal to zero. If the number of possible completions is - greater than or equal to the value of this variable, the user is - asked whether or not he wishes to view them; otherwise they are - simply listed on the terminal. + greater than or equal to the value of this variable, readline + will ask whether or not the user wishes to view them; otherwise + they are simply listed on the terminal. ccoonnvveerrtt--mmeettaa ((OOnn)) If set to OOnn, readline will convert characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII key sequence by stripping the eighth bit and @@ -5090,11 +5090,13 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS is made local to the function in which llooccaall is invoked: shell options changed using the sseett builtin inside the function are restored to their original values when the function returns. - With no operands, llooccaall writes a list of local variables to the - standard output. It is an error to use llooccaall when not within a - function. The return status is 0 unless llooccaall is used outside a - function, an invalid _n_a_m_e is supplied, or _n_a_m_e is a readonly - variable. + The restore is effected as if a series of sseett commands were exe- + cuted to restore the values that were in place before the func- + tion. With no operands, llooccaall writes a list of local variables + to the standard output. It is an error to use llooccaall when not + within a function. The return status is 0 unless llooccaall is used + outside a function, an invalid _n_a_m_e is supplied, or _n_a_m_e is a + readonly variable. llooggoouutt Exit a login shell. @@ -5314,110 +5316,111 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded. --uu _f_d Read input from file descriptor _f_d. - If no _n_a_m_e_s are supplied, the line read is assigned to the vari- - able RREEPPLLYY. The exit status is zero, unless end-of-file is en- - countered, rreeaadd times out (in which case the status is greater - than 128), a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a - readonly variable) occurs, or an invalid file descriptor is sup- - plied as the argument to --uu. + If no _n_a_m_e_s are supplied, the line read, without the ending de- + limiter but otherwise unmodified, is assigned to the variable + RREEPPLLYY. The exit status is zero, unless end-of-file is encoun- + tered, rreeaadd times out (in which case the status is greater than + 128), a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a read- + only variable) occurs, or an invalid file descriptor is supplied + as the argument to --uu. rreeaaddoonnllyy [--aaAAff] [--pp] [_n_a_m_e[=_w_o_r_d] ...] - The given _n_a_m_e_s are marked readonly; the values of these _n_a_m_e_s - may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the --ff option - is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _n_a_m_e_s are so - marked. The --aa option restricts the variables to indexed ar- - rays; the --AA option restricts the variables to associative ar- + The given _n_a_m_e_s are marked readonly; the values of these _n_a_m_e_s + may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the --ff option + is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _n_a_m_e_s are so + marked. The --aa option restricts the variables to indexed ar- + rays; the --AA option restricts the variables to associative ar- rays. If both options are supplied, --AA takes precedence. If no - _n_a_m_e arguments are given, or if the --pp option is supplied, a + _n_a_m_e arguments are given, or if the --pp option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed. The other options may be - used to restrict the output to a subset of the set of readonly - names. The --pp option causes output to be displayed in a format - that may be reused as input. If a variable name is followed by - =_w_o_r_d, the value of the variable is set to _w_o_r_d. The return - status is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the + used to restrict the output to a subset of the set of readonly + names. The --pp option causes output to be displayed in a format + that may be reused as input. If a variable name is followed by + =_w_o_r_d, the value of the variable is set to _w_o_r_d. The return + status is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the _n_a_m_e_s is not a valid shell variable name, or --ff is supplied with a _n_a_m_e that is not a function. rreettuurrnn [_n] - Causes a function to stop executing and return the value speci- - fied by _n to its caller. If _n is omitted, the return status is - that of the last command executed in the function body. If rree-- + Causes a function to stop executing and return the value speci- + fied by _n to its caller. If _n is omitted, the return status is + that of the last command executed in the function body. If rree-- ttuurrnn is executed by a trap handler, the last command used to de- - termine the status is the last command executed before the trap - handler. If rreettuurrnn is executed during a DDEEBBUUGG trap, the last - command used to determine the status is the last command exe- - cuted by the trap handler before rreettuurrnn was invoked. If rreettuurrnn - is used outside a function, but during execution of a script by - the .. (ssoouurrccee) command, it causes the shell to stop executing - that script and return either _n or the exit status of the last - command executed within the script as the exit status of the + termine the status is the last command executed before the trap + handler. If rreettuurrnn is executed during a DDEEBBUUGG trap, the last + command used to determine the status is the last command exe- + cuted by the trap handler before rreettuurrnn was invoked. If rreettuurrnn + is used outside a function, but during execution of a script by + the .. (ssoouurrccee) command, it causes the shell to stop executing + that script and return either _n or the exit status of the last + command executed within the script as the exit status of the script. If _n is supplied, the return value is its least signif- - icant 8 bits. The return status is non-zero if rreettuurrnn is sup- - plied a non-numeric argument, or is used outside a function and - not during execution of a script by .. or ssoouurrccee. Any command + icant 8 bits. The return status is non-zero if rreettuurrnn is sup- + plied a non-numeric argument, or is used outside a function and + not during execution of a script by .. or ssoouurrccee. Any command associated with the RREETTUURRNN trap is executed before execution re- sumes after the function or script. sseett [----aabbeeffhhkkmmnnppttuuvvxxBBCCEEHHPPTT] [--oo _o_p_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e] [_a_r_g ...] sseett [++aabbeeffhhkkmmnnppttuuvvxxBBCCEEHHPPTT] [++oo _o_p_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e] [_a_r_g ...] - Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are + Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are displayed in a format that can be reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set variables. Read-only variables can- - not be reset. In _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, only shell variables are listed. - The output is sorted according to the current locale. When op- - tions are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any - arguments remaining after option processing are treated as val- + not be reset. In _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, only shell variables are listed. + The output is sorted according to the current locale. When op- + tions are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any + arguments remaining after option processing are treated as val- ues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order, to - $$11, $$22, ...... $$_n. Options, if specified, have the following + $$11, $$22, ...... $$_n. Options, if specified, have the following meanings: --aa Each variable or function that is created or modified is - given the export attribute and marked for export to the + given the export attribute and marked for export to the environment of subsequent commands. - --bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi- + --bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi- ately, rather than before the next primary prompt. This is effective only when job control is enabled. - --ee Exit immediately if a _p_i_p_e_l_i_n_e (which may consist of a - single _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d), a _l_i_s_t, or a _c_o_m_p_o_u_n_d _c_o_m_m_a_n_d + --ee Exit immediately if a _p_i_p_e_l_i_n_e (which may consist of a + single _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d), a _l_i_s_t, or a _c_o_m_p_o_u_n_d _c_o_m_m_a_n_d (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR above), exits with a non-zero status. - The shell does not exit if the command that fails is - part of the command list immediately following a wwhhiillee - or uunnttiill keyword, part of the test following the iiff or - eelliiff reserved words, part of any command executed in a - &&&& or |||| list except the command following the final &&&& + The shell does not exit if the command that fails is + part of the command list immediately following a wwhhiillee + or uunnttiill keyword, part of the test following the iiff or + eelliiff reserved words, part of any command executed in a + &&&& or |||| list except the command following the final &&&& or ||||, any command in a pipeline but the last, or if the - command's return value is being inverted with !!. If a - compound command other than a subshell returns a non- - zero status because a command failed while --ee was being - ignored, the shell does not exit. A trap on EERRRR, if - set, is executed before the shell exits. This option + command's return value is being inverted with !!. If a + compound command other than a subshell returns a non- + zero status because a command failed while --ee was being + ignored, the shell does not exit. A trap on EERRRR, if + set, is executed before the shell exits. This option applies to the shell environment and each subshell envi- - ronment separately (see CCOOMMMMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT + ronment separately (see CCOOMMMMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT above), and may cause subshells to exit before executing all the commands in the subshell. - If a compound command or shell function executes in a - context where --ee is being ignored, none of the commands - executed within the compound command or function body - will be affected by the --ee setting, even if --ee is set - and a command returns a failure status. If a compound - command or shell function sets --ee while executing in a - context where --ee is ignored, that setting will not have - any effect until the compound command or the command + If a compound command or shell function executes in a + context where --ee is being ignored, none of the commands + executed within the compound command or function body + will be affected by the --ee setting, even if --ee is set + and a command returns a failure status. If a compound + command or shell function sets --ee while executing in a + context where --ee is ignored, that setting will not have + any effect until the compound command or the command containing the function call completes. --ff Disable pathname expansion. - --hh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up + --hh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up for execution. This is enabled by default. - --kk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are - placed in the environment for a command, not just those + --kk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are + placed in the environment for a command, not just those that precede the command name. - --mm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is - on by default for interactive shells on systems that - support it (see JJOOBB CCOONNTTRROOLL above). All processes run + --mm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is + on by default for interactive shells on systems that + support it (see JJOOBB CCOONNTTRROOLL above). All processes run in a separate process group. When a background job com- pletes, the shell prints a line containing its exit sta- tus. --nn Read commands but do not execute them. This may be used - to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is ig- + to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is ig- nored by interactive shells. --oo _o_p_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e The _o_p_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e can be one of the following: @@ -5425,10 +5428,10 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS Same as --aa. bbrraacceeeexxppaanndd Same as --BB. - eemmaaccss Use an emacs-style command line editing inter- + eemmaaccss Use an emacs-style command line editing inter- face. This is enabled by default when the shell is interactive, unless the shell is started with - the ----nnooeeddiittiinngg option. This also affects the + the ----nnooeeddiittiinngg option. This also affects the editing interface used for rreeaadd --ee. eerrrreexxiitt Same as --ee. eerrrrttrraaccee @@ -5442,8 +5445,8 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS HHIISSTTOORRYY. This option is on by default in inter- active shells. iiggnnoorreeeeooff - The effect is as if the shell command ``IG- - NOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see SShheellll VVaarrii-- + The effect is as if the shell command ``IG- + NOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see SShheellll VVaarrii-- aabblleess above). kkeeyywwoorrdd Same as --kk. mmoonniittoorr Same as --mm. @@ -5458,172 +5461,172 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS pphhyyssiiccaall Same as --PP. ppiippeeffaaiill - If set, the return value of a pipeline is the - value of the last (rightmost) command to exit - with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands - in the pipeline exit successfully. This option + If set, the return value of a pipeline is the + value of the last (rightmost) command to exit + with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands + in the pipeline exit successfully. This option is disabled by default. - ppoossiixx Change the behavior of bbaasshh where the default - operation differs from the POSIX standard to - match the standard (_p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e). See SSEEEE AALLSSOO + ppoossiixx Change the behavior of bbaasshh where the default + operation differs from the POSIX standard to + match the standard (_p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e). See SSEEEE AALLSSOO below for a reference to a document that details how posix mode affects bash's behavior. pprriivviilleeggeedd Same as --pp. vveerrbboossee Same as --vv. - vvii Use a vi-style command line editing interface. + vvii Use a vi-style command line editing interface. This also affects the editing interface used for rreeaadd --ee. xxttrraaccee Same as --xx. If --oo is supplied with no _o_p_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e, the values of the - current options are printed. If ++oo is supplied with no - _o_p_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e, a series of sseett commands to recreate the - current option settings is displayed on the standard + current options are printed. If ++oo is supplied with no + _o_p_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e, a series of sseett commands to recreate the + current option settings is displayed on the standard output. - --pp Turn on _p_r_i_v_i_l_e_g_e_d mode. In this mode, the $$EENNVV and - $$BBAASSHH__EENNVV files are not processed, shell functions are - not inherited from the environment, and the SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS, - BBAASSHHOOPPTTSS, CCDDPPAATTHH, and GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE variables, if they ap- - pear in the environment, are ignored. If the shell is - started with the effective user (group) id not equal to - the real user (group) id, and the --pp option is not sup- + --pp Turn on _p_r_i_v_i_l_e_g_e_d mode. In this mode, the $$EENNVV and + $$BBAASSHH__EENNVV files are not processed, shell functions are + not inherited from the environment, and the SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS, + BBAASSHHOOPPTTSS, CCDDPPAATTHH, and GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE variables, if they ap- + pear in the environment, are ignored. If the shell is + started with the effective user (group) id not equal to + the real user (group) id, and the --pp option is not sup- plied, these actions are taken and the effective user id - is set to the real user id. If the --pp option is sup- - plied at startup, the effective user id is not reset. - Turning this option off causes the effective user and + is set to the real user id. If the --pp option is sup- + plied at startup, the effective user id is not reset. + Turning this option off causes the effective user and group ids to be set to the real user and group ids. --tt Exit after reading and executing one command. --uu Treat unset variables and parameters other than the spe- - cial parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing - parameter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an - unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error - message, and, if not interactive, exits with a non-zero + cial parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing + parameter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an + unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error + message, and, if not interactive, exits with a non-zero status. --vv Print shell input lines as they are read. - --xx After expanding each _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, ffoorr command, ccaassee + --xx After expanding each _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, ffoorr command, ccaassee command, sseelleecctt command, or arithmetic ffoorr command, dis- - play the expanded value of PPSS44, followed by the command + play the expanded value of PPSS44, followed by the command and its expanded arguments or associated word list. - --BB The shell performs brace expansion (see BBrraaccee EExxppaannssiioonn + --BB The shell performs brace expansion (see BBrraaccee EExxppaannssiioonn above). This is on by default. - --CC If set, bbaasshh does not overwrite an existing file with - the >>, >>&&, and <<>> redirection operators. This may be + --CC If set, bbaasshh does not overwrite an existing file with + the >>, >>&&, and <<>> redirection operators. This may be overridden when creating output files by using the redi- rection operator >>|| instead of >>. --EE If set, any trap on EERRRR is inherited by shell functions, - command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub- - shell environment. The EERRRR trap is normally not inher- + command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub- + shell environment. The EERRRR trap is normally not inher- ited in such cases. --HH Enable !! style history substitution. This option is on by default when the shell is interactive. - --PP If set, the shell does not resolve symbolic links when - executing commands such as ccdd that change the current + --PP If set, the shell does not resolve symbolic links when + executing commands such as ccdd that change the current working directory. It uses the physical directory structure instead. By default, bbaasshh follows the logical - chain of directories when performing commands which + chain of directories when performing commands which change the current directory. - --TT If set, any traps on DDEEBBUUGG and RREETTUURRNN are inherited by + --TT If set, any traps on DDEEBBUUGG and RREETTUURRNN are inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and commands ex- - ecuted in a subshell environment. The DDEEBBUUGG and RREETTUURRNN + ecuted in a subshell environment. The DDEEBBUUGG and RREETTUURRNN traps are normally not inherited in such cases. - ---- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional + ---- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional parameters are unset. Otherwise, the positional parame- - ters are set to the _a_r_gs, even if some of them begin + ters are set to the _a_r_gs, even if some of them begin with a --. - -- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _a_r_gs to + -- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _a_r_gs to be assigned to the positional parameters. The --xx and --vv options are turned off. If there are no _a_r_gs, the posi- tional parameters remain unchanged. - The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using + - rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The op- + The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using + + rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The op- tions can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of the - shell. The current set of options may be found in $$--. The re- - turn status is always true unless an invalid option is encoun- + shell. The current set of options may be found in $$--. The re- + turn status is always true unless an invalid option is encoun- tered. sshhiifftt [_n] - The positional parameters from _n+1 ... are renamed to $$11 ........ - Parameters represented by the numbers $$## down to $$##-_n+1 are un- - set. _n must be a non-negative number less than or equal to $$##. - If _n is 0, no parameters are changed. If _n is not given, it is + The positional parameters from _n+1 ... are renamed to $$11 ........ + Parameters represented by the numbers $$## down to $$##-_n+1 are un- + set. _n must be a non-negative number less than or equal to $$##. + If _n is 0, no parameters are changed. If _n is not given, it is assumed to be 1. If _n is greater than $$##, the positional param- - eters are not changed. The return status is greater than zero + eters are not changed. The return status is greater than zero if _n is greater than $$## or less than zero; otherwise 0. sshhoopptt [--ppqqssuu] [--oo] [_o_p_t_n_a_m_e ...] - Toggle the values of settings controlling optional shell behav- - ior. The settings can be either those listed below, or, if the + Toggle the values of settings controlling optional shell behav- + ior. The settings can be either those listed below, or, if the --oo option is used, those available with the --oo option to the sseett builtin command. With no options, or with the --pp option, a list - of all settable options is displayed, with an indication of + of all settable options is displayed, with an indication of whether or not each is set; if _o_p_t_n_a_m_e_s are supplied, the output - is restricted to those options. The --pp option causes output to - be displayed in a form that may be reused as input. Other op- + is restricted to those options. The --pp option causes output to + be displayed in a form that may be reused as input. Other op- tions have the following meanings: --ss Enable (set) each _o_p_t_n_a_m_e. --uu Disable (unset) each _o_p_t_n_a_m_e. - --qq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status + --qq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status indicates whether the _o_p_t_n_a_m_e is set or unset. If multi- - ple _o_p_t_n_a_m_e arguments are given with --qq, the return sta- - tus is zero if all _o_p_t_n_a_m_e_s are enabled; non-zero other- + ple _o_p_t_n_a_m_e arguments are given with --qq, the return sta- + tus is zero if all _o_p_t_n_a_m_e_s are enabled; non-zero other- wise. - --oo Restricts the values of _o_p_t_n_a_m_e to be those defined for + --oo Restricts the values of _o_p_t_n_a_m_e to be those defined for the --oo option to the sseett builtin. - If either --ss or --uu is used with no _o_p_t_n_a_m_e arguments, sshhoopptt - shows only those options which are set or unset, respectively. - Unless otherwise noted, the sshhoopptt options are disabled (unset) + If either --ss or --uu is used with no _o_p_t_n_a_m_e arguments, sshhoopptt + shows only those options which are set or unset, respectively. + Unless otherwise noted, the sshhoopptt options are disabled (unset) by default. - The return status when listing options is zero if all _o_p_t_n_a_m_e_s - are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting op- - tions, the return status is zero unless an _o_p_t_n_a_m_e is not a + The return status when listing options is zero if all _o_p_t_n_a_m_e_s + are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting op- + tions, the return status is zero unless an _o_p_t_n_a_m_e is not a valid shell option. The list of sshhoopptt options is: aassssoocc__eexxppaanndd__oonnccee - If set, the shell suppresses multiple evaluation of as- - sociative array subscripts during arithmetic expression - evaluation, while executing builtins that can perform - variable assignments, and while executing builtins that + If set, the shell suppresses multiple evaluation of as- + sociative array subscripts during arithmetic expression + evaluation, while executing builtins that can perform + variable assignments, and while executing builtins that perform array dereferencing. - aauuttooccdd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory - is executed as if it were the argument to the ccdd com- + aauuttooccdd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory + is executed as if it were the argument to the ccdd com- mand. This option is only used by interactive shells. ccddaabbllee__vvaarrss - If set, an argument to the ccdd builtin command that is - not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable + If set, an argument to the ccdd builtin command that is + not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable whose value is the directory to change to. ccddssppeellll If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory com- - ponent in a ccdd command will be corrected. The errors + ponent in a ccdd command will be corrected. The errors checked for are transposed characters, a missing charac- - ter, and one character too many. If a correction is - found, the corrected filename is printed, and the com- - mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive + ter, and one character too many. If a correction is + found, the corrected filename is printed, and the com- + mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive shells. cchheecckkhhaasshh If set, bbaasshh checks that a command found in the hash ta- - ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed - command no longer exists, a normal path search is per- + ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed + command no longer exists, a normal path search is per- formed. cchheecckkjjoobbss If set, bbaasshh lists the status of any stopped and running - jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs + jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs are running, this causes the exit to be deferred until a - second exit is attempted without an intervening command + second exit is attempted without an intervening command (see JJOOBB CCOONNTTRROOLL above). The shell always postpones ex- iting if any jobs are stopped. cchheecckkwwiinnssiizzee - If set, bbaasshh checks the window size after each external - (non-builtin) command and, if necessary, updates the - values of LLIINNEESS and CCOOLLUUMMNNSS. This option is enabled by + If set, bbaasshh checks the window size after each external + (non-builtin) command and, if necessary, updates the + values of LLIINNEESS and CCOOLLUUMMNNSS. This option is enabled by default. - ccmmddhhiisstt If set, bbaasshh attempts to save all lines of a multiple- - line command in the same history entry. This allows - easy re-editing of multi-line commands. This option is - enabled by default, but only has an effect if command + ccmmddhhiisstt If set, bbaasshh attempts to save all lines of a multiple- + line command in the same history entry. This allows + easy re-editing of multi-line commands. This option is + enabled by default, but only has an effect if command history is enabled, as described above under HHIISSTTOORRYY. ccoommppaatt3311 ccoommppaatt3322 @@ -5632,117 +5635,117 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS ccoommppaatt4422 ccoommppaatt4433 ccoommppaatt4444 - These control aspects of the shell's compatibility mode + These control aspects of the shell's compatibility mode (see SSHHEELLLL CCOOMMPPAATTIIBBIILLIITTYY MMOODDEE below). ccoommpplleettee__ffuullllqquuoottee - If set, bbaasshh quotes all shell metacharacters in file- - names and directory names when performing completion. + If set, bbaasshh quotes all shell metacharacters in file- + names and directory names when performing completion. If not set, bbaasshh removes metacharacters such as the dol- - lar sign from the set of characters that will be quoted - in completed filenames when these metacharacters appear - in shell variable references in words to be completed. - This means that dollar signs in variable names that ex- - pand to directories will not be quoted; however, any - dollar signs appearing in filenames will not be quoted, - either. This is active only when bash is using back- - slashes to quote completed filenames. This variable is - set by default, which is the default bash behavior in + lar sign from the set of characters that will be quoted + in completed filenames when these metacharacters appear + in shell variable references in words to be completed. + This means that dollar signs in variable names that ex- + pand to directories will not be quoted; however, any + dollar signs appearing in filenames will not be quoted, + either. This is active only when bash is using back- + slashes to quote completed filenames. This variable is + set by default, which is the default bash behavior in versions through 4.2. ddiirreexxppaanndd - If set, bbaasshh replaces directory names with the results - of word expansion when performing filename completion. - This changes the contents of the readline editing buf- - fer. If not set, bbaasshh attempts to preserve what the + If set, bbaasshh replaces directory names with the results + of word expansion when performing filename completion. + This changes the contents of the readline editing buf- + fer. If not set, bbaasshh attempts to preserve what the user typed. ddiirrssppeellll - If set, bbaasshh attempts spelling correction on directory - names during word completion if the directory name ini- + If set, bbaasshh attempts spelling correction on directory + names during word completion if the directory name ini- tially supplied does not exist. - ddoottgglloobb If set, bbaasshh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in - the results of pathname expansion. The filenames ````..'''' - and ````....'''' must always be matched explicitly, even if + ddoottgglloobb If set, bbaasshh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in + the results of pathname expansion. The filenames ````..'''' + and ````....'''' must always be matched explicitly, even if ddoottgglloobb is set. eexxeeccffaaiill If set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if it can- - not execute the file specified as an argument to the - eexxeecc builtin command. An interactive shell does not + not execute the file specified as an argument to the + eexxeecc builtin command. An interactive shell does not exit if eexxeecc fails. eexxppaanndd__aalliiaasseess - If set, aliases are expanded as described above under + If set, aliases are expanded as described above under AALLIIAASSEESS. This option is enabled by default for interac- tive shells. eexxttddeebbuugg - If set at shell invocation, or in a shell startup file, + If set at shell invocation, or in a shell startup file, arrange to execute the debugger profile before the shell - starts, identical to the ----ddeebbuuggggeerr option. If set af- - ter invocation, behavior intended for use by debuggers + starts, identical to the ----ddeebbuuggggeerr option. If set af- + ter invocation, behavior intended for use by debuggers is enabled: 11.. The --FF option to the ddeeccllaarree builtin displays the source file name and line number corresponding to each function name supplied as an argument. - 22.. If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a - non-zero value, the next command is skipped and + 22.. If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a + non-zero value, the next command is skipped and not executed. - 33.. If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a - value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub- - routine (a shell function or a shell script exe- - cuted by the .. or ssoouurrccee builtins), the shell + 33.. If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a + value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub- + routine (a shell function or a shell script exe- + cuted by the .. or ssoouurrccee builtins), the shell simulates a call to rreettuurrnn. - 44.. BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC and BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV are updated as described + 44.. BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC and BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV are updated as described in their descriptions above. - 55.. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu- + 55.. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu- tion, shell functions, and subshells invoked with (( _c_o_m_m_a_n_d )) inherit the DDEEBBUUGG and RREETTUURRNN traps. - 66.. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, - shell functions, and subshells invoked with (( + 66.. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, + shell functions, and subshells invoked with (( _c_o_m_m_a_n_d )) inherit the EERRRR trap. eexxttgglloobb If set, the extended pattern matching features described above under PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn are enabled. eexxttqquuoottee - If set, $$'_s_t_r_i_n_g' and $$"_s_t_r_i_n_g" quoting is performed - within $${{_p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r}} expansions enclosed in double + If set, $$'_s_t_r_i_n_g' and $$"_s_t_r_i_n_g" quoting is performed + within $${{_p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r}} expansions enclosed in double quotes. This option is enabled by default. ffaaiillgglloobb - If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during + If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during pathname expansion result in an expansion error. ffoorrccee__ffiiggnnoorree - If set, the suffixes specified by the FFIIGGNNOORREE shell - variable cause words to be ignored when performing word + If set, the suffixes specified by the FFIIGGNNOORREE shell + variable cause words to be ignored when performing word completion even if the ignored words are the only possi- - ble completions. See SSHHEELLLL VVAARRIIAABBLLEESS above for a de- - scription of FFIIGGNNOORREE. This option is enabled by de- + ble completions. See SSHHEELLLL VVAARRIIAABBLLEESS above for a de- + scription of FFIIGGNNOORREE. This option is enabled by de- fault. gglloobbaasscciiiirraannggeess - If set, range expressions used in pattern matching - bracket expressions (see PPaatttteerrnn MMaattcchhiinngg above) behave - as if in the traditional C locale when performing com- - parisons. That is, the current locale's collating se- - quence is not taken into account, so bb will not collate - between AA and BB, and upper-case and lower-case ASCII + If set, range expressions used in pattern matching + bracket expressions (see PPaatttteerrnn MMaattcchhiinngg above) behave + as if in the traditional C locale when performing com- + parisons. That is, the current locale's collating se- + quence is not taken into account, so bb will not collate + between AA and BB, and upper-case and lower-case ASCII characters will collate together. gglloobbssttaarr If set, the pattern **** used in a pathname expansion con- - text will match all files and zero or more directories - and subdirectories. If the pattern is followed by a //, + text will match all files and zero or more directories + and subdirectories. If the pattern is followed by a //, only directories and subdirectories match. ggnnuu__eerrrrffmmtt @@ -5750,25 +5753,25 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS GNU error message format. hhiissttaappppeenndd - If set, the history list is appended to the file named + If set, the history list is appended to the file named by the value of the HHIISSTTFFIILLEE variable when the shell ex- its, rather than overwriting the file. hhiissttrreeeeddiitt - If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, a user is given the + If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, a user is given the opportunity to re-edit a failed history substitution. hhiissttvveerriiffyy - If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, the results of his- - tory substitution are not immediately passed to the - shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded + If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, the results of his- + tory substitution are not immediately passed to the + shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded into the rreeaaddlliinnee editing buffer, allowing further modi- fication. hhoossttccoommpplleettee If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, bbaasshh will attempt to - perform hostname completion when a word containing a @@ - is being completed (see CCoommpplleettiinngg under RREEAADDLLIINNEE + perform hostname completion when a word containing a @@ + is being completed (see CCoommpplleettiinngg under RREEAADDLLIINNEE above). This is enabled by default. hhuuppoonneexxiitt @@ -5776,23 +5779,23 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS active login shell exits. iinnhheerriitt__eerrrreexxiitt - If set, command substitution inherits the value of the - eerrrreexxiitt option, instead of unsetting it in the subshell - environment. This option is enabled when _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e is + If set, command substitution inherits the value of the + eerrrreexxiitt option, instead of unsetting it in the subshell + environment. This option is enabled when _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e is enabled. iinntteerraaccttiivvee__ccoommmmeennttss If set, allow a word beginning with ## to cause that word - and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored - in an interactive shell (see CCOOMMMMEENNTTSS above). This op- + and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored + in an interactive shell (see CCOOMMMMEENNTTSS above). This op- tion is enabled by default. llaassttppiippee - If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs + If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs the last command of a pipeline not executed in the back- ground in the current shell environment. - lliitthhiisstt If set, and the ccmmddhhiisstt option is enabled, multi-line + lliitthhiisstt If set, and the ccmmddhhiisstt option is enabled, multi-line commands are saved to the history with embedded newlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible. @@ -5803,43 +5806,43 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS tribute is not inherited. llooccaallvvaarr__uunnsseett - If set, calling uunnsseett on local variables in previous - function scopes marks them so subsequent lookups find - them unset until that function returns. This is identi- - cal to the behavior of unsetting local variables at the + If set, calling uunnsseett on local variables in previous + function scopes marks them so subsequent lookups find + them unset until that function returns. This is identi- + cal to the behavior of unsetting local variables at the current function scope. llooggiinn__sshheellll - The shell sets this option if it is started as a login - shell (see IINNVVOOCCAATTIIOONN above). The value may not be + The shell sets this option if it is started as a login + shell (see IINNVVOOCCAATTIIOONN above). The value may not be changed. mmaaiillwwaarrnn - If set, and a file that bbaasshh is checking for mail has - been accessed since the last time it was checked, the - message ``The mail in _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e has been read'' is dis- + If set, and a file that bbaasshh is checking for mail has + been accessed since the last time it was checked, the + message ``The mail in _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e has been read'' is dis- played. nnoo__eemmppttyy__ccmmdd__ccoommpplleettiioonn - If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, bbaasshh will not at- - tempt to search the PPAATTHH for possible completions when + If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, bbaasshh will not at- + tempt to search the PPAATTHH for possible completions when completion is attempted on an empty line. nnooccaasseegglloobb - If set, bbaasshh matches filenames in a case-insensitive + If set, bbaasshh matches filenames in a case-insensitive fashion when performing pathname expansion (see PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn above). nnooccaasseemmaattcchh - If set, bbaasshh matches patterns in a case-insensitive + If set, bbaasshh matches patterns in a case-insensitive fashion when performing matching while executing ccaassee or [[[[ conditional commands, when performing pattern substi- - tution word expansions, or when filtering possible com- + tution word expansions, or when filtering possible com- pletions as part of programmable completion. nnuullllgglloobb - If set, bbaasshh allows patterns which match no files (see - PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn above) to expand to a null string, + If set, bbaasshh allows patterns which match no files (see + PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn above) to expand to a null string, rather than themselves. pprrooggccoommpp @@ -5848,62 +5851,62 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS enabled by default. pprrooggccoommpp__aalliiaass - If set, and programmable completion is enabled, bbaasshh - treats a command name that doesn't have any completions - as a possible alias and attempts alias expansion. If it - has an alias, bbaasshh attempts programmable completion us- + If set, and programmable completion is enabled, bbaasshh + treats a command name that doesn't have any completions + as a possible alias and attempts alias expansion. If it + has an alias, bbaasshh attempts programmable completion us- ing the command word resulting from the expanded alias. pprroommppttvvaarrss If set, prompt strings undergo parameter expansion, com- - mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote re- - moval after being expanded as described in PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG + mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote re- + moval after being expanded as described in PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG above. This option is enabled by default. rreessttrriicctteedd__sshheellll - The shell sets this option if it is started in re- - stricted mode (see RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL below). The value - may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup - files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis- + The shell sets this option if it is started in re- + stricted mode (see RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL below). The value + may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup + files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis- cover whether or not a shell is restricted. sshhiifftt__vveerrbboossee - If set, the sshhiifftt builtin prints an error message when + If set, the sshhiifftt builtin prints an error message when the shift count exceeds the number of positional parame- ters. ssoouurrcceeppaatthh If set, the ssoouurrccee (..) builtin uses the value of PPAATTHH to - find the directory containing the file supplied as an + find the directory containing the file supplied as an argument. This option is enabled by default. xxppgg__eecchhoo - If set, the eecchhoo builtin expands backslash-escape se- + If set, the eecchhoo builtin expands backslash-escape se- quences by default. ssuussppeenndd [--ff] - Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SSIIGGCCOONNTT + Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SSIIGGCCOONNTT signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the --ff option can be used to override this and force the suspension. The return sta- - tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and --ff is not sup- + tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and --ff is not sup- plied, or if job control is not enabled. tteesstt _e_x_p_r [[ _e_x_p_r ]] Return a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on the evalu- ation of the conditional expression _e_x_p_r. Each operator and op- - erand must be a separate argument. Expressions are composed of - the primaries described above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS. - tteesstt does not accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore + erand must be a separate argument. Expressions are composed of + the primaries described above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS. + tteesstt does not accept any options, nor does it accept and ignore an argument of ---- as signifying the end of options. - Expressions may be combined using the following operators, - listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation de- - pends on the number of arguments; see below. Operator prece- + Expressions may be combined using the following operators, + listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation de- + pends on the number of arguments; see below. Operator prece- dence is used when there are five or more arguments. !! _e_x_p_r True if _e_x_p_r is false. (( _e_x_p_r )) - Returns the value of _e_x_p_r. This may be used to override + Returns the value of _e_x_p_r. This may be used to override the normal precedence of operators. _e_x_p_r_1 -aa _e_x_p_r_2 True if both _e_x_p_r_1 and _e_x_p_r_2 are true. @@ -5920,134 +5923,134 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS null. 2 arguments If the first argument is !!, the expression is true if and - only if the second argument is null. If the first argu- - ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed - above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the expression is + only if the second argument is null. If the first argu- + ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed + above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the expression is true if the unary test is true. If the first argument is not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression is false. 3 arguments The following conditions are applied in the order listed. - If the second argument is one of the binary conditional + If the second argument is one of the binary conditional operators listed above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the result of the expression is the result of the binary test - using the first and third arguments as operands. The --aa - and --oo operators are considered binary operators when - there are three arguments. If the first argument is !!, - the value is the negation of the two-argument test using + using the first and third arguments as operands. The --aa + and --oo operators are considered binary operators when + there are three arguments. If the first argument is !!, + the value is the negation of the two-argument test using the second and third arguments. If the first argument is exactly (( and the third argument is exactly )), the result - is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other- + is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other- wise, the expression is false. 4 arguments If the first argument is !!, the result is the negation of - the three-argument expression composed of the remaining + the three-argument expression composed of the remaining arguments. Otherwise, the expression is parsed and eval- - uated according to precedence using the rules listed + uated according to precedence using the rules listed above. 5 or more arguments - The expression is parsed and evaluated according to + The expression is parsed and evaluated according to precedence using the rules listed above. - When used with tteesstt or [[, the << and >> operators sort lexico- + When used with tteesstt or [[, the << and >> operators sort lexico- graphically using ASCII ordering. - ttiimmeess Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and + ttiimmeess Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for processes run from the shell. The return status is 0. ttrraapp [--llpp] [[_a_r_g] _s_i_g_s_p_e_c ...] - The command _a_r_g is to be read and executed when the shell re- + The command _a_r_g is to be read and executed when the shell re- ceives signal(s) _s_i_g_s_p_e_c. If _a_r_g is absent (and there is a sin- - gle _s_i_g_s_p_e_c) or --, each specified signal is reset to its origi- - nal disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the shell). - If _a_r_g is the null string the signal specified by each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c - is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes. If _a_r_g - is not present and --pp has been supplied, then the trap commands + gle _s_i_g_s_p_e_c) or --, each specified signal is reset to its origi- + nal disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the shell). + If _a_r_g is the null string the signal specified by each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c + is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes. If _a_r_g + is not present and --pp has been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c are displayed. If no arguments are - supplied or if only --pp is given, ttrraapp prints the list of com- - mands associated with each signal. The --ll option causes the - shell to print a list of signal names and their corresponding - numbers. Each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is either a signal name defined in <_s_i_g_- - _n_a_l_._h>, or a signal number. Signal names are case insensitive + supplied or if only --pp is given, ttrraapp prints the list of com- + mands associated with each signal. The --ll option causes the + shell to print a list of signal names and their corresponding + numbers. Each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is either a signal name defined in <_s_i_g_- + _n_a_l_._h>, or a signal number. Signal names are case insensitive and the SSIIGG prefix is optional. - If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EEXXIITT (0) the command _a_r_g is executed on exit - from the shell. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is DDEEBBUUGG, the command _a_r_g is exe- - cuted before every _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, _f_o_r command, _c_a_s_e command, - _s_e_l_e_c_t command, every arithmetic _f_o_r command, and before the - first command executes in a shell function (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR - above). Refer to the description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the + If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EEXXIITT (0) the command _a_r_g is executed on exit + from the shell. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is DDEEBBUUGG, the command _a_r_g is exe- + cuted before every _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, _f_o_r command, _c_a_s_e command, + _s_e_l_e_c_t command, every arithmetic _f_o_r command, and before the + first command executes in a shell function (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR + above). Refer to the description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the sshhoopptt builtin for details of its effect on the DDEEBBUUGG trap. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is RREETTUURRNN, the command _a_r_g is executed each time a shell function or a script executed with the .. or ssoouurrccee builtins fin- ishes executing. - If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EERRRR, the command _a_r_g is executed whenever a + If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EERRRR, the command _a_r_g is executed whenever a pipeline (which may consist of a single simple command), a list, or a compound command returns a non-zero exit status, subject to - the following conditions. The EERRRR trap is not executed if the + the following conditions. The EERRRR trap is not executed if the failed command is part of the command list immediately following - a wwhhiillee or uunnttiill keyword, part of the test in an _i_f statement, + a wwhhiillee or uunnttiill keyword, part of the test in an _i_f statement, part of a command executed in a &&&& or |||| list except the command - following the final &&&& or ||||, any command in a pipeline but the - last, or if the command's return value is being inverted using + following the final &&&& or ||||, any command in a pipeline but the + last, or if the command's return value is being inverted using !!. These are the same conditions obeyed by the eerrrreexxiitt (--ee) op- tion. Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or re- - set. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to + set. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to their original values in a subshell or subshell environment when - one is created. The return status is false if any _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is + one is created. The return status is false if any _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is invalid; otherwise ttrraapp returns true. ttyyppee [--aaffttppPP] _n_a_m_e [_n_a_m_e ...] - With no options, indicate how each _n_a_m_e would be interpreted if + With no options, indicate how each _n_a_m_e would be interpreted if used as a command name. If the --tt option is used, ttyyppee prints a - string which is one of _a_l_i_a_s, _k_e_y_w_o_r_d, _f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n, _b_u_i_l_t_i_n, or - _f_i_l_e if _n_a_m_e is an alias, shell reserved word, function, - builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _n_a_m_e is not found, - then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is re- - turned. If the --pp option is used, ttyyppee either returns the name - of the disk file that would be executed if _n_a_m_e were specified - as a command name, or nothing if ``type -t name'' would not re- - turn _f_i_l_e. The --PP option forces a PPAATTHH search for each _n_a_m_e, + string which is one of _a_l_i_a_s, _k_e_y_w_o_r_d, _f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n, _b_u_i_l_t_i_n, or + _f_i_l_e if _n_a_m_e is an alias, shell reserved word, function, + builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _n_a_m_e is not found, + then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is re- + turned. If the --pp option is used, ttyyppee either returns the name + of the disk file that would be executed if _n_a_m_e were specified + as a command name, or nothing if ``type -t name'' would not re- + turn _f_i_l_e. The --PP option forces a PPAATTHH search for each _n_a_m_e, even if ``type -t name'' would not return _f_i_l_e. If a command is hashed, --pp and --PP print the hashed value, which is not necessar- - ily the file that appears first in PPAATTHH. If the --aa option is - used, ttyyppee prints all of the places that contain an executable + ily the file that appears first in PPAATTHH. If the --aa option is + used, ttyyppee prints all of the places that contain an executable named _n_a_m_e. This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the --pp option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is - not consulted when using --aa. The --ff option suppresses shell + not consulted when using --aa. The --ff option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the ccoommmmaanndd builtin. ttyyppee returns true if all of the arguments are found, false if any are not found. uulliimmiitt [--HHSSaabbccddeeffiikkllmmnnppqqrrssttuuvvxxPPRRTT [_l_i_m_i_t]] - Provides control over the resources available to the shell and - to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control. + Provides control over the resources available to the shell and + to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control. The --HH and --SS options specify that the hard or soft limit is set - for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a - non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up - to the value of the hard limit. If neither --HH nor --SS is speci- + for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a + non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up + to the value of the hard limit. If neither --HH nor --SS is speci- fied, both the soft and hard limits are set. The value of _l_i_m_i_t can be a number in the unit specified for the resource or one of the special values hhaarrdd, ssoofftt, or uunnlliimmiitteedd, which stand for the - current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit, re- - spectively. If _l_i_m_i_t is omitted, the current value of the soft + current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit, re- + spectively. If _l_i_m_i_t is omitted, the current value of the soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the --HH option is given. - When more than one resource is specified, the limit name and - unit are printed before the value. Other options are inter- + When more than one resource is specified, the limit name and + unit are printed before the value. Other options are inter- preted as follows: --aa All current limits are reported --bb The maximum socket buffer size --cc The maximum size of core files created --dd The maximum size of a process's data segment --ee The maximum scheduling priority ("nice") - --ff The maximum size of files written by the shell and its + --ff The maximum size of files written by the shell and its children --ii The maximum number of pending signals --kk The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated --ll The maximum size that may be locked into memory - --mm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor + --mm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor this limit) --nn The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems do not allow this value to be set) @@ -6056,132 +6059,132 @@ SSHHEELLLL BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS --rr The maximum real-time scheduling priority --ss The maximum stack size --tt The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds - --uu The maximum number of processes available to a single + --uu The maximum number of processes available to a single user - --vv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the + --vv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the shell and, on some systems, to its children --xx The maximum number of file locks --PP The maximum number of pseudoterminals - --RR The maximum time a real-time process can run before + --RR The maximum time a real-time process can run before blocking, in microseconds --TT The maximum number of threads - If _l_i_m_i_t is given, and the --aa option is not used, _l_i_m_i_t is the - new value of the specified resource. If no option is given, - then --ff is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except - for --tt, which is in seconds; --RR, which is in microseconds; --pp, - which is in units of 512-byte blocks; --PP, --TT, --bb, --kk, --nn, and - --uu, which are unscaled values; and, when in posix mode, --cc and - --ff, which are in 512-byte increments. The return status is 0 - unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error + If _l_i_m_i_t is given, and the --aa option is not used, _l_i_m_i_t is the + new value of the specified resource. If no option is given, + then --ff is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except + for --tt, which is in seconds; --RR, which is in microseconds; --pp, + which is in units of 512-byte blocks; --PP, --TT, --bb, --kk, --nn, and + --uu, which are unscaled values; and, when in posix mode, --cc and + --ff, which are in 512-byte increments. The return status is 0 + unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting a new limit. uummaasskk [--pp] [--SS] [_m_o_d_e] The user file-creation mask is set to _m_o_d_e. If _m_o_d_e begins with - a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is - interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by - _c_h_m_o_d(1). If _m_o_d_e is omitted, the current value of the mask is - printed. The --SS option causes the mask to be printed in sym- - bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the --pp + a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is + interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by + _c_h_m_o_d(1). If _m_o_d_e is omitted, the current value of the mask is + printed. The --SS option causes the mask to be printed in sym- + bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the --pp option is supplied, and _m_o_d_e is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input. The return status is 0 if the mode - was successfully changed or if no _m_o_d_e argument was supplied, + was successfully changed or if no _m_o_d_e argument was supplied, and false otherwise. uunnaalliiaass [-aa] [_n_a_m_e ...] - Remove each _n_a_m_e from the list of defined aliases. If --aa is - supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value + Remove each _n_a_m_e from the list of defined aliases. If --aa is + supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value is true unless a supplied _n_a_m_e is not a defined alias. uunnsseett [-ffvv] [-nn] [_n_a_m_e ...] - For each _n_a_m_e, remove the corresponding variable or function. + For each _n_a_m_e, remove the corresponding variable or function. If the --vv option is given, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell variable, - and that variable is removed. Read-only variables may not be - unset. If --ff is specified, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell func- - tion, and the function definition is removed. If the --nn option - is supplied, and _n_a_m_e is a variable with the _n_a_m_e_r_e_f attribute, - _n_a_m_e will be unset rather than the variable it references. --nn - has no effect if the --ff option is supplied. If no options are - supplied, each _n_a_m_e refers to a variable; if there is no vari- - able by that name, a function with that name, if any, is unset. - Each unset variable or function is removed from the environment - passed to subsequent commands. If any of BBAASSHH__AALLIIAASSEESS, + and that variable is removed. Read-only variables may not be + unset. If --ff is specified, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell func- + tion, and the function definition is removed. If the --nn option + is supplied, and _n_a_m_e is a variable with the _n_a_m_e_r_e_f attribute, + _n_a_m_e will be unset rather than the variable it references. --nn + has no effect if the --ff option is supplied. If no options are + supplied, each _n_a_m_e refers to a variable; if there is no vari- + able by that name, a function with that name, if any, is unset. + Each unset variable or function is removed from the environment + passed to subsequent commands. If any of BBAASSHH__AALLIIAASSEESS, BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV00, BBAASSHH__CCMMDDSS, BBAASSHH__CCOOMMMMAANNDD, BBAASSHH__SSUUBBSSHHEELLLL, BBAASSHHPPIIDD, - CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS, DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK, EEPPOOCCHHRREEAALLTTIIMMEE, EEPPOOCCHHSSEECCOONNDDSS, FFUUNNCC-- - NNAAMMEE, GGRROOUUPPSS, HHIISSTTCCMMDD, LLIINNEENNOO, RRAANNDDOOMM, SSEECCOONNDDSS, or SSRRAANNDDOOMM are + CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS, DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK, EEPPOOCCHHRREEAALLTTIIMMEE, EEPPOOCCHHSSEECCOONNDDSS, FFUUNNCC-- + NNAAMMEE, GGRROOUUPPSS, HHIISSTTCCMMDD, LLIINNEENNOO, RRAANNDDOOMM, SSEECCOONNDDSS, or SSRRAANNDDOOMM are unset, they lose their special properties, even if they are sub- sequently reset. The exit status is true unless a _n_a_m_e is read- only. wwaaiitt [--ffnn] [--pp _v_a_r_n_a_m_e] [_i_d _._._.] Wait for each specified child process and return its termination - status. Each _i_d may be a process ID or a job specification; if - a job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are - waited for. If _i_d is not given, wwaaiitt waits for all running - background jobs and the last-executed process substitution, if + status. Each _i_d may be a process ID or a job specification; if + a job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are + waited for. If _i_d is not given, wwaaiitt waits for all running + background jobs and the last-executed process substitution, if its process id is the same as $$!!, and the return status is zero. - If the --nn option is supplied, wwaaiitt waits for a single job from + If the --nn option is supplied, wwaaiitt waits for a single job from the list of _i_ds or, if no _i_ds are supplied, any job, to complete - and returns its exit status. If none of the supplied arguments + and returns its exit status. If none of the supplied arguments is a child of the shell, or if no arguments are supplied and the - shell has no unwaited-for children, the exit status is 127. If - the --pp option is supplied, the process or job identifier of the - job for which the exit status is returned is assigned to the - variable _v_a_r_n_a_m_e named by the option argument. The variable - will be unset initially, before any assignment. This is useful - only when the --nn option is supplied. Supplying the --ff option, - when job control is enabled, forces wwaaiitt to wait for _i_d to ter- + shell has no unwaited-for children, the exit status is 127. If + the --pp option is supplied, the process or job identifier of the + job for which the exit status is returned is assigned to the + variable _v_a_r_n_a_m_e named by the option argument. The variable + will be unset initially, before any assignment. This is useful + only when the --nn option is supplied. Supplying the --ff option, + when job control is enabled, forces wwaaiitt to wait for _i_d to ter- minate before returning its status, instead of returning when it - changes status. If _i_d specifies a non-existent process or job, - the return status is 127. Otherwise, the return status is the + changes status. If _i_d specifies a non-existent process or job, + the return status is 127. Otherwise, the return status is the exit status of the last process or job waited for. SSHHEELLLL CCOOMMPPAATTIIBBIILLIITTYY MMOODDEE Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a `shell compatibility level', spec- ified as a set of options to the shopt builtin ccoommppaatt3311, ccoommppaatt3322, ccoomm-- - ppaatt4400, ccoommppaatt4411, and so on). There is only one current compatibility + ppaatt4400, ccoommppaatt4411, and so on). There is only one current compatibility level -- each option is mutually exclusive. The compatibility level is - intended to allow users to select behavior from previous versions that - is incompatible with newer versions while they migrate scripts to use - current features and behavior. It's intended to be a temporary solu- + intended to allow users to select behavior from previous versions that + is incompatible with newer versions while they migrate scripts to use + current features and behavior. It's intended to be a temporary solu- tion. - This section does not mention behavior that is standard for a particu- - lar version (e.g., setting ccoommppaatt3322 means that quoting the rhs of the - regexp matching operator quotes special regexp characters in the word, + This section does not mention behavior that is standard for a particu- + lar version (e.g., setting ccoommppaatt3322 means that quoting the rhs of the + regexp matching operator quotes special regexp characters in the word, which is default behavior in bash-3.2 and above). - If a user enables, say, ccoommppaatt3322, it may affect the behavior of other - compatibility levels up to and including the current compatibility - level. The idea is that each compatibility level controls behavior - that changed in that version of bbaasshh, but that behavior may have been - present in earlier versions. For instance, the change to use locale- - based comparisons with the [[[[ command came in bash-4.1, and earlier + If a user enables, say, ccoommppaatt3322, it may affect the behavior of other + compatibility levels up to and including the current compatibility + level. The idea is that each compatibility level controls behavior + that changed in that version of bbaasshh, but that behavior may have been + present in earlier versions. For instance, the change to use locale- + based comparisons with the [[[[ command came in bash-4.1, and earlier versions used ASCII-based comparisons, so enabling ccoommppaatt3322 will enable - ASCII-based comparisons as well. That granularity may not be suffi- - cient for all uses, and as a result users should employ compatibility - levels carefully. Read the documentation for a particular feature to + ASCII-based comparisons as well. That granularity may not be suffi- + cient for all uses, and as a result users should employ compatibility + levels carefully. Read the documentation for a particular feature to find out the current behavior. - Bash-4.3 introduced a new shell variable: BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT. The value as- + Bash-4.3 introduced a new shell variable: BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT. The value as- signed to this variable (a decimal version number like 4.2, or an inte- - ger corresponding to the ccoommppaatt_N_N option, like 42) determines the com- + ger corresponding to the ccoommppaatt_N_N option, like 42) determines the com- patibility level. - Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has begun deprecating older compatibility - levels. Eventually, the options will be removed in favor of BBAASSHH__CCOOMM-- + Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has begun deprecating older compatibility + levels. Eventually, the options will be removed in favor of BBAASSHH__CCOOMM-- PPAATT. - Bash-5.0 is the final version for which there will be an individual - shopt option for the previous version. Users should use BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT on + Bash-5.0 is the final version for which there will be an individual + shopt option for the previous version. Users should use BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT on bash-5.0 and later versions. - The following table describes the behavior changes controlled by each + The following table describes the behavior changes controlled by each compatibility level setting. The ccoommppaatt_N_N tag is used as shorthand for setting the compatibility level to _N_N using one of the following mecha- - nisms. For versions prior to bash-5.0, the compatibility level may be - set using the corresponding ccoommppaatt_N_N shopt option. For bash-4.3 and - later versions, the BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT variable is preferred, and it is re- + nisms. For versions prior to bash-5.0, the compatibility level may be + set using the corresponding ccoommppaatt_N_N shopt option. For bash-4.3 and + later versions, the BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT variable is preferred, and it is re- quired for bash-5.1 and later versions. ccoommppaatt3311 @@ -6189,103 +6192,108 @@ SSHHEELLLL CCOOMMPPAATTIIBBIILLIITTYY MMOODDEE ator (=~) has no special effect ccoommppaatt3322 - +o interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes - the execution of the next command in the list (in - bash-4.0 and later versions, the shell acts as if it re- - ceived the interrupt, so interrupting one command in a + +o interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes + the execution of the next command in the list (in + bash-4.0 and later versions, the shell acts as if it re- + ceived the interrupt, so interrupting one command in a list aborts the execution of the entire list) ccoommppaatt4400 - +o the << and >> operators to the [[[[ command do not consider + +o the << and >> operators to the [[[[ command do not consider the current locale when comparing strings; they use ASCII ordering. Bash versions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII col- - lation and _s_t_r_c_m_p(3); bash-4.1 and later use the current + lation and _s_t_r_c_m_p(3); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale's collation sequence and _s_t_r_c_o_l_l(3). ccoommppaatt4411 - +o in _p_o_s_i_x mode, ttiimmee may be followed by options and still + +o in _p_o_s_i_x mode, ttiimmee may be followed by options and still be recognized as a reserved word (this is POSIX interpre- tation 267) +o in _p_o_s_i_x mode, the parser requires that an even number of - single quotes occur in the _w_o_r_d portion of a double- - quoted parameter expansion and treats them specially, so - that characters within the single quotes are considered + single quotes occur in the _w_o_r_d portion of a double- + quoted parameter expansion and treats them specially, so + that characters within the single quotes are considered quoted (this is POSIX interpretation 221) ccoommppaatt4422 +o the replacement string in double-quoted pattern substitu- - tion does not undergo quote removal, as it does in ver- + tion does not undergo quote removal, as it does in ver- sions after bash-4.2 - +o in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when - expanding the _w_o_r_d portion of a double-quoted parameter - expansion and can be used to quote a closing brace or - other special character (this is part of POSIX interpre- - tation 221); in later versions, single quotes are not + +o in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when + expanding the _w_o_r_d portion of a double-quoted parameter + expansion and can be used to quote a closing brace or + other special character (this is part of POSIX interpre- + tation 221); in later versions, single quotes are not special within double-quoted word expansions ccoommppaatt4433 - +o the shell does not print a warning message if an attempt - is made to use a quoted compound assignment as an argu- - ment to declare (declare -a foo='(1 2)'). Later versions + +o the shell does not print a warning message if an attempt + is made to use a quoted compound assignment as an argu- + ment to declare (declare -a foo='(1 2)'). Later versions warn that this usage is deprecated - +o word expansion errors are considered non-fatal errors - that cause the current command to fail, even in posix - mode (the default behavior is to make them fatal errors + +o word expansion errors are considered non-fatal errors + that cause the current command to fail, even in posix + mode (the default behavior is to make them fatal errors that cause the shell to exit) - +o when executing a shell function, the loop state + +o when executing a shell function, the loop state (while/until/etc.) is not reset, so bbrreeaakk or ccoonnttiinnuuee in that function will break or continue loops in the calling - context. Bash-4.4 and later reset the loop state to pre- + context. Bash-4.4 and later reset the loop state to pre- vent this ccoommppaatt4444 - +o the shell sets up the values used by BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV and - BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC so they can expand to the shell's positional + +o the shell sets up the values used by BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV and + BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC so they can expand to the shell's positional parameters even if extended debugging mode is not enabled - +o a subshell inherits loops from its parent context, so - bbrreeaakk or ccoonnttiinnuuee will cause the subshell to exit. - Bash-5.0 and later reset the loop state to prevent the + +o a subshell inherits loops from its parent context, so + bbrreeaakk or ccoonnttiinnuuee will cause the subshell to exit. + Bash-5.0 and later reset the loop state to prevent the exit - +o variable assignments preceding builtins like eexxppoorrtt and + +o variable assignments preceding builtins like eexxppoorrtt and rreeaaddoonnllyy that set attributes continue to affect variables with the same name in the calling environment even if the shell is not in posix mode ccoommppaatt5500 - +o Bash-5.1 changed the way $$RRAANNDDOOMM is generated to intro- + +o Bash-5.1 changed the way $$RRAANNDDOOMM is generated to intro- duce slightly more randomness. If the shell compatibility - level is set to 50 or lower, it reverts to the method - from bash-5.0 and previous versions, so seeding the ran- - dom number generator by assigning a value to RRAANNDDOOMM will + level is set to 50 or lower, it reverts to the method + from bash-5.0 and previous versions, so seeding the ran- + dom number generator by assigning a value to RRAANNDDOOMM will produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0 + +o If the command hash table is empty, bash versions prior + to bash-5.1 printed an informational message to that ef- + fect, even when producing output that can be reused as + input. Bash-5.1 suppresses that message when the --ll op- + tion is supplied. RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL If bbaasshh is started with the name rrbbaasshh, or the --rr option is supplied at - invocation, the shell becomes restricted. A restricted shell is used - to set up an environment more controlled than the standard shell. It - behaves identically to bbaasshh with the exception that the following are + invocation, the shell becomes restricted. A restricted shell is used + to set up an environment more controlled than the standard shell. It + behaves identically to bbaasshh with the exception that the following are disallowed or not performed: +o changing directories with ccdd - +o setting or unsetting the values of SSHHEELLLL, PPAATTHH, HHIISSTTFFIILLEE, EENNVV, + +o setting or unsetting the values of SSHHEELLLL, PPAATTHH, HHIISSTTFFIILLEE, EENNVV, or BBAASSHH__EENNVV +o specifying command names containing // - +o specifying a filename containing a // as an argument to the .. + +o specifying a filename containing a // as an argument to the .. builtin command - +o specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the + +o specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the hhiissttoorryy builtin command - +o specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the + +o specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the --pp option to the hhaasshh builtin command - +o importing function definitions from the shell environment at + +o importing function definitions from the shell environment at startup - +o parsing the value of SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS from the shell environment at + +o parsing the value of SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS from the shell environment at startup +o redirecting output using the >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirect- @@ -6294,10 +6302,10 @@ RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL +o using the eexxeecc builtin command to replace the shell with another command - +o adding or deleting builtin commands with the --ff and --dd options + +o adding or deleting builtin commands with the --ff and --dd options to the eennaabbllee builtin command - +o using the eennaabbllee builtin command to enable disabled shell + +o using the eennaabbllee builtin command to enable disabled shell builtins +o specifying the --pp option to the ccoommmmaanndd builtin command @@ -6307,14 +6315,14 @@ RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL These restrictions are enforced after any startup files are read. When a command that is found to be a shell script is executed (see CCOOMM-- - MMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN above), rrbbaasshh turns off any restrictions in the shell + MMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN above), rrbbaasshh turns off any restrictions in the shell spawned to execute the script. SSEEEE AALLSSOO _B_a_s_h _R_e_f_e_r_e_n_c_e _M_a_n_u_a_l, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey _T_h_e _G_n_u _R_e_a_d_l_i_n_e _L_i_b_r_a_r_y, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey _T_h_e _G_n_u _H_i_s_t_o_r_y _L_i_b_r_a_r_y, Brian Fox and Chet Ramey - _P_o_r_t_a_b_l_e _O_p_e_r_a_t_i_n_g _S_y_s_t_e_m _I_n_t_e_r_f_a_c_e _(_P_O_S_I_X_) _P_a_r_t _2_: _S_h_e_l_l _a_n_d _U_t_i_l_i_- + _P_o_r_t_a_b_l_e _O_p_e_r_a_t_i_n_g _S_y_s_t_e_m _I_n_t_e_r_f_a_c_e _(_P_O_S_I_X_) _P_a_r_t _2_: _S_h_e_l_l _a_n_d _U_t_i_l_i_- _t_i_e_s, IEEE -- http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/ http://tiswww.case.edu/~chet/bash/POSIX -- a description of posix mode @@ -6332,7 +6340,7 @@ FFIILLEESS _~_/_._b_a_s_h_r_c The individual per-interactive-shell startup file _~_/_._b_a_s_h___l_o_g_o_u_t - The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login + The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login shell exits _~_/_._i_n_p_u_t_r_c Individual _r_e_a_d_l_i_n_e initialization file @@ -6346,14 +6354,14 @@ AAUUTTHHOORRSS BBUUGG RREEPPOORRTTSS If you find a bug in bbaasshh,, you should report it. But first, you should - make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest - version of bbaasshh. The latest version is always available from + make sure that it really is a bug, and that it appears in the latest + version of bbaasshh. The latest version is always available from _f_t_p_:_/_/_f_t_p_._g_n_u_._o_r_g_/_p_u_b_/_g_n_u_/_b_a_s_h_/. - Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the _b_a_s_h_b_u_g - command to submit a bug report. If you have a fix, you are encouraged - to mail that as well! Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may - be mailed to _b_u_g_-_b_a_s_h_@_g_n_u_._o_r_g or posted to the Usenet newsgroup + Once you have determined that a bug actually exists, use the _b_a_s_h_b_u_g + command to submit a bug report. If you have a fix, you are encouraged + to mail that as well! Suggestions and `philosophical' bug reports may + be mailed to _b_u_g_-_b_a_s_h_@_g_n_u_._o_r_g or posted to the Usenet newsgroup ggnnuu..bbaasshh..bbuugg. ALL bug reports should include: @@ -6364,7 +6372,7 @@ BBUUGG RREEPPOORRTTSS A description of the bug behaviour A short script or `recipe' which exercises the bug - _b_a_s_h_b_u_g inserts the first three items automatically into the template + _b_a_s_h_b_u_g inserts the first three items automatically into the template it provides for filing a bug report. Comments and bug reports concerning this manual page should be directed @@ -6381,10 +6389,10 @@ BBUUGGSS Shell builtin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable. Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c' are not - handled gracefully when process suspension is attempted. When a - process is stopped, the shell immediately executes the next command in - the sequence. It suffices to place the sequence of commands between - parentheses to force it into a subshell, which may be stopped as a + handled gracefully when process suspension is attempted. When a + process is stopped, the shell immediately executes the next command in + the sequence. It suffices to place the sequence of commands between + parentheses to force it into a subshell, which may be stopped as a unit. Array variables may not (yet) be exported. @@ -6393,4 +6401,4 @@ BBUUGGSS -GNU Bash 5.1 2020 June 5 BASH(1) +GNU Bash 5.1 2020 August 25 BASH(1) @@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ .\" Case Western Reserve University .\" chet.ramey@case.edu .\" -.\" Last Change: Fri Jun 5 14:46:57 EDT 2020 +.\" Last Change: Tue Aug 25 09:58:55 EDT 2020 .\" .\" bash_builtins, strip all but Built-Ins section .if \n(zZ=1 .ig zZ .if \n(zY=1 .ig zY -.TH BASH 1 "2020 June 5" "GNU Bash 5.1" +.TH BASH 1 "2020 August 25" "GNU Bash 5.1" .\" .\" There's some problem with having a `@' .\" in a tagged paragraph with the BSD man macros. @@ -2037,7 +2037,8 @@ below. .B BASH_COMPAT The value is used to set the shell's compatibility level. See -\fBSHELL COMPATIBILITY MODE\fP +.SM +.B SHELL COMPATIBILITY MODE below for a description of the various compatibility levels and their effects. The value may be a decimal number (e.g., 4.2) or an integer (e.g., 42) @@ -2049,7 +2050,8 @@ compatibility levels, the shell prints an error message and sets the compatibility level to the default for the current version. The valid values correspond to the compatibility levels described below under -\fBSHELL COMPATIBILITY MODE\fP. +.SM +.BR BSHELL COMPATIBILITY MODE . For example, 4.2 and 42 are valid values that correspond to the \fBcompat42\fP \fBshopt\fP option and set the compatibility level to 42. @@ -2473,13 +2475,12 @@ had been executed. When the shell enters \fIposix mode\fP, it sets this variable if it was not already set. .TP -.B PROMPT_COMMANDS -If this array variable is set, +.B PROMPT_COMMAND +If this variable is set, and is an array, the value of each set element is executed as a command prior to issuing each primary prompt. -If this is not set, but -.B PROMPT_COMMAND -is set to a value, its value is used as a command to execute instead. +If this is set but not an array variable, +its value is used as a command to execute instead. .TP .B PROMPT_DIRTRIM If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the number of @@ -5793,11 +5794,11 @@ replaced with an ellipsis when displaying possible completions. This determines when the user is queried about viewing the number of possible completions generated by the \fBpossible\-completions\fP command. -It may be set to any integer value greater than or equal to -zero. If the number of possible completions is greater than -or equal to the value of this variable, the user is asked whether -or not he wishes to view them; otherwise they are simply listed -on the terminal. +It may be set to any integer value greater than or equal to zero. +If the number of possible completions is greater than +or equal to the value of this variable, +readline will ask whether or not the user wishes to view them; +otherwise they are simply listed on the terminal. .TP .B convert\-meta (On) If set to \fBOn\fP, readline will convert characters with the @@ -8960,6 +8961,8 @@ If \fIname\fP is \-, the set of shell options is made local to the function in which \fBlocal\fP is invoked: shell options changed using the \fBset\fP builtin inside the function are restored to their original values when the function returns. +The restore is effected as if a series of \fBset\fP commands were executed +to restore the values that were in place before the function. With no operands, .B local writes a list of local variables to the standard output. It is @@ -9337,7 +9340,9 @@ Read input from file descriptor \fIfd\fP. .PP If no .I names -are supplied, the line read is assigned to the variable +are supplied, the line read, +without the ending delimiter but otherwise unmodified, +is assigned to the variable .SM .BR REPLY . The exit status is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, \fBread\fP @@ -11058,6 +11063,11 @@ so seeding the random number generator by assigning a value to .SM .B RANDOM will produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0 +.IP \(bu +If the command hash table is empty, bash versions prior to bash-5.1 +printed an informational message to that effect, even when producing +output that can be reused as input. Bash-5.1 suppresses that message +when the \fB\-l\fP option is supplied. .RE .PD .\" bash_builtins diff --git a/doc/bash.html b/doc/bash.html index 5389e90d..f3ca7295 100644 --- a/doc/bash.html +++ b/doc/bash.html @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ </HEAD> <BODY><TABLE WIDTH=100%> <TR> -<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2020 June 5<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1) +<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>BASH(1)<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2020 August 25<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1) </TR> </TABLE> <BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A> @@ -2589,7 +2589,9 @@ below. <DD> The value is used to set the shell's compatibility level. See -<B>SHELL COMPATIBILITY MODE</B> +<FONT SIZE=-1><B>SHELL COMPATIBILITY MODE</B> + +</FONT> below for a description of the various compatibility levels and their effects. The value may be a decimal number (e.g., 4.2) or an integer (e.g., 42) @@ -2601,7 +2603,9 @@ compatibility levels, the shell prints an error message and sets the compatibility level to the default for the current version. The valid values correspond to the compatibility levels described below under -<B>SHELL COMPATIBILITY MODE</B>. +<FONT SIZE=-1><B>BSHELL</B>COMPATIBILITY<B>MODE</B>. + +</FONT> For example, 4.2 and 42 are valid values that correspond to the <B>compat42</B> <B>shopt</B> option and set the compatibility level to 42. @@ -3125,16 +3129,14 @@ running, <B>bash</B> enables <I>posix mode</I>, as if the command had been executed. When the shell enters <I>posix mode</I>, it sets this variable if it was not already set. -<DT><B>PROMPT_COMMANDS</B> +<DT><B>PROMPT_COMMAND</B> <DD> -If this array variable is set, +If this variable is set, and is an array, the value of each set element is executed as a command prior to issuing each primary prompt. -If this is not set, but -<B>PROMPT_COMMAND</B> - -is set to a value, its value is used as a command to execute instead. +If this is set but not an array variable, +its value is used as a command to execute instead. <DT><B>PROMPT_DIRTRIM</B> <DD> @@ -7392,11 +7394,11 @@ replaced with an ellipsis when displaying possible completions. This determines when the user is queried about viewing the number of possible completions generated by the <B>possible-completions</B> command. -It may be set to any integer value greater than or equal to -zero. If the number of possible completions is greater than -or equal to the value of this variable, the user is asked whether -or not he wishes to view them; otherwise they are simply listed -on the terminal. +It may be set to any integer value greater than or equal to zero. +If the number of possible completions is greater than +or equal to the value of this variable, +readline will ask whether or not the user wishes to view them; +otherwise they are simply listed on the terminal. <DT><B>convert-meta (On)</B> <DD> @@ -11307,6 +11309,8 @@ If <I>name</I> is -, the set of shell options is made local to the function in which <B>local</B> is invoked: shell options changed using the <B>set</B> builtin inside the function are restored to their original values when the function returns. +The restore is effected as if a series of <B>set</B> commands were executed +to restore the values that were in place before the function. With no operands, <B>local</B> @@ -11765,7 +11769,9 @@ Read input from file descriptor <I>fd</I>. If no <I>names</I> -are supplied, the line read is assigned to the variable +are supplied, the line read, +without the ending delimiter but otherwise unmodified, +is assigned to the variable <FONT SIZE=-1><B>REPLY</B>. </FONT> @@ -13944,6 +13950,11 @@ so seeding the random number generator by assigning a value to </FONT> will produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0 +<DT>*<DD> +If the command hash table is empty, bash versions prior to bash-5.1 +printed an informational message to that effect, even when producing +output that can be reused as input. Bash-5.1 suppresses that message +when the <B>-l</B> option is supplied. </DL></DL> @@ -14241,7 +14252,7 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time. <HR> <TABLE WIDTH=100%> <TR> -<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash 5.1<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2020 June 5<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1) +<TH ALIGN=LEFT width=33%>GNU Bash 5.1<TH ALIGN=CENTER width=33%>2020 August 25<TH ALIGN=RIGHT width=33%>BASH(1) </TR> </TABLE> <HR> @@ -14348,6 +14359,6 @@ There may be only one active coprocess at a time. </DL> <HR> This document was created by man2html from bash.1.<BR> -Time: 10 June 2020 12:00:48 EDT +Time: 07 September 2020 09:52:27 EDT </BODY> </HTML> diff --git a/doc/bash.info b/doc/bash.info index f2058e37..ea49e09d 100644 --- a/doc/bash.info +++ b/doc/bash.info @@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ This is bash.info, produced by makeinfo version 6.7 from bashref.texi. This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the -Bash shell (version 5.1, 5 June 2020). +Bash shell (version 5.1, 25 August 2020). - This is Edition 5.1, last updated 5 June 2020, of 'The GNU Bash + This is Edition 5.1, last updated 25 August 2020, of 'The GNU Bash Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.1. Copyright (C) 1988-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ Bash Features ************* This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the -Bash shell (version 5.1, 5 June 2020). The Bash home page is +Bash shell (version 5.1, 25 August 2020). The Bash home page is <http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/>. - This is Edition 5.1, last updated 5 June 2020, of 'The GNU Bash + This is Edition 5.1, last updated 25 August 2020, of 'The GNU Bash Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.1. Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some @@ -2322,7 +2322,7 @@ file descriptor greater than 10 and assign it to {VARNAME}. If >&- or <&- is preceded by {VARNAME}, the value of VARNAME defines the file descriptor to close. If {VARNAME} is supplied, the redirection persists beyond the scope of the command, allowing the shell programmer to manage -the file descriptor himself. +the file descriptor's lifetime manually. In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is omitted, and the first character of the redirection operator is '<', the @@ -3202,12 +3202,12 @@ standard. Shift the positional parameters to the left by N. The positional parameters from N+1 ... '$#' are renamed to '$1' ... '$#'-N. - Parameters represented by the numbers '$#' to '$#'-N+1 are unset. - N must be a non-negative number less than or equal to '$#'. If N - is zero or greater than '$#', the positional parameters are not - changed. If N is not supplied, it is assumed to be 1. The return - status is zero unless N is greater than '$#' or less than zero, - non-zero otherwise. + Parameters represented by the numbers '$#' down to '$#'-N+1 are + unset. N must be a non-negative number less than or equal to '$#'. + If N is zero or greater than '$#', the positional parameters are + not changed. If N is not supplied, it is assumed to be 1. The + return status is zero unless N is greater than '$#' or less than + zero, non-zero otherwise. 'test' '[' @@ -3746,9 +3746,11 @@ standard. and its children. If NAME is '-', the set of shell options is made local to the function in which 'local' is invoked: shell options changed using the 'set' builtin inside the function are restored to - their original values when the function returns. The return status - is zero unless 'local' is used outside a function, an invalid NAME - is supplied, or NAME is a readonly variable. + their original values when the function returns. The restore is + effected as if a series of 'set' commands were executed to restore + the values that were in place before the function. The return + status is zero unless 'local' is used outside a function, an + invalid NAME is supplied, or NAME is a readonly variable. 'logout' logout [N] @@ -3866,13 +3868,7 @@ standard. line into words using the same rules the shell uses for expansion (described above in *note Word Splitting::). The backslash character '\' may be used to remove any special meaning for the - next character read and for line continuation. If no names are - supplied, the line read is assigned to the variable 'REPLY'. The - exit status is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, 'read' - times out (in which case the status is greater than 128), a - variable assignment error (such as assigning to a readonly - variable) occurs, or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the - argument to '-u'. + next character read and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the following meanings: @@ -3944,6 +3940,14 @@ standard. '-u FD' Read input from file descriptor FD. + If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read, without the ending + delimiter but otherwise unmodified, is assigned to the variable + 'REPLY'. The exit status is zero, unless end-of-file is + encountered, 'read' times out (in which case the status is greater + than 128), a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a + readonly variable) occurs, or an invalid file descriptor is + supplied as the argument to '-u'. + 'readarray' readarray [-d DELIM] [-n COUNT] [-O ORIGIN] [-s COUNT] [-t] [-u FD] [-C CALLBACK] [-c QUANTUM] [ARRAY] @@ -4746,11 +4750,6 @@ This builtin allows you to change additional shell optional behavior. If set, the 'echo' builtin expands backslash-escape sequences by default. - The return status when listing options is zero if all OPTNAMES are - enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting options, - the return status is zero unless an OPTNAME is not a valid shell - option. - File: bash.info, Node: Special Builtins, Prev: Modifying Shell Behavior, Up: Shell Builtin Commands @@ -5423,11 +5422,11 @@ Variables::). The process ID of the shell's parent process. This variable is readonly. -'PROMPT_COMMANDS' - If this array variable is set, the value of each set element is - interpreted as a command to execute before printing the primary - prompt ('$PS1'). If this is not set, but 'PROMPT_COMMAND' is set - to a value, its value is used as a command to execute instead. +'PROMPT_COMMAND' + If this variable is set, and is an array, the value of each set + element is interpreted as a command to execute before printing the + primary prompt ('$PS1'). If this is set but not an array variable, + its value is used as a command to execute instead. 'PROMPT_DIRTRIM' If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the @@ -7032,6 +7031,10 @@ required for bash-5.1 and later versions. previous versions, so seeding the random number generator by assigning a value to 'RANDOM' will produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0 + * If the command hash table is empty, Bash versions prior to + bash-5.1 printed an informational message to that effect, even + when producing output that can be reused as input. Bash-5.1 + suppresses that message when the '-l' option is supplied. File: bash.info, Node: Job Control, Next: Command Line Editing, Prev: Bash Features, Up: Top @@ -7698,11 +7701,11 @@ Variable Settings The number of possible completions that determines when the user is asked whether the list of possibilities should be displayed. If the number of possible completions is greater - than this value, Readline will ask the user whether or not he - wishes to view them; otherwise, they are simply listed. This - variable must be set to an integer value greater than or equal - to 0. A negative value means Readline should never ask. The - default limit is '100'. + than or equal to this value, Readline will ask whether or not + the user wishes to view them; otherwise, they are simply + listed. This variable must be set to an integer value greater + than or equal to 0. A negative value means Readline should + never ask. The default limit is '100'. 'convert-meta' If set to 'on', Readline will convert characters with the @@ -8229,8 +8232,8 @@ variable assignment, and conditional syntax. # rather than as meta-prefixed characters set output-meta on - # if there are more than 150 possible completions for - # a word, ask the user if he wants to see all of them + # if there are 150 or more possible completions for a word, + # ask whether or not the user wants to see all of them set completion-query-items 150 # For FTP @@ -8358,10 +8361,14 @@ File: bash.info, Node: Commands For History, Next: Commands For Text, Prev: C 'reverse-search-history (C-r)' Search backward starting at the current line and moving 'up' through the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. + This command sets the region to the matched text and activates the + mark. 'forward-search-history (C-s)' Search forward starting at the current line and moving 'down' through the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. + This command sets the region to the matched text and activates the + mark. 'non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)' Search backward starting at the current line and moving 'up' @@ -8469,6 +8476,11 @@ File: bash.info, Node: Commands For Text, Next: Commands For Killing, Prev: C was bound to 'self-insert' instead of executing any editing commands. + Bracketed paste sets the region (the characters between point and + the mark) to the inserted text. It uses the concept of an _active + mark_: when the mark is active, Readline redisplay uses the + terminal's standout mode to denote the region. + 'transpose-chars (C-t)' Drag the character before the cursor forward over the character at the cursor, moving the cursor forward as well. If the insertion @@ -8513,10 +8525,14 @@ File: bash.info, Node: Commands For Killing, Next: Numeric Arguments, Prev: C ------------------------- 'kill-line (C-k)' - Kill the text from point to the end of the line. + Kill the text from point to the end of the line. With a negative + numeric argument, kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of + the current line. 'backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)' Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line. + With a negative numeric argument, kill forward from the cursor to + the end of the current line. 'unix-line-discard (C-u)' Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line. @@ -11284,17 +11300,17 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands (line 58) * let: Bash Builtins. (line 350) * local: Bash Builtins. (line 358) -* logout: Bash Builtins. (line 372) -* mapfile: Bash Builtins. (line 377) +* logout: Bash Builtins. (line 374) +* mapfile: Bash Builtins. (line 379) * popd: Directory Stack Builtins. (line 35) -* printf: Bash Builtins. (line 423) +* printf: Bash Builtins. (line 425) * pushd: Directory Stack Builtins. (line 53) * pwd: Bourne Shell Builtins. (line 207) -* read: Bash Builtins. (line 472) -* readarray: Bash Builtins. (line 566) +* read: Bash Builtins. (line 474) +* readarray: Bash Builtins. (line 570) * readonly: Bourne Shell Builtins. (line 217) * return: Bourne Shell Builtins. @@ -11303,7 +11319,7 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands * shift: Bourne Shell Builtins. (line 257) * shopt: The Shopt Builtin. (line 9) -* source: Bash Builtins. (line 575) +* source: Bash Builtins. (line 579) * suspend: Job Control Builtins. (line 113) * test: Bourne Shell Builtins. @@ -11312,12 +11328,12 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands (line 349) * trap: Bourne Shell Builtins. (line 355) -* type: Bash Builtins. (line 580) -* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 612) -* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 618) +* type: Bash Builtins. (line 584) +* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 616) +* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 622) * umask: Bourne Shell Builtins. (line 404) -* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 721) +* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 725) * unset: Bourne Shell Builtins. (line 422) * wait: Job Control Builtins. @@ -11551,7 +11567,7 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index * PIPESTATUS: Bash Variables. (line 553) * POSIXLY_CORRECT: Bash Variables. (line 558) * PPID: Bash Variables. (line 568) -* PROMPT_COMMANDS: Bash Variables. (line 572) +* PROMPT_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 572) * PROMPT_DIRTRIM: Bash Variables. (line 578) * PS0: Bash Variables. (line 584) * PS1: Bourne Shell Variables. @@ -11612,16 +11628,16 @@ D.4 Function Index * backward-char (C-b): Commands For Moving. (line 15) * backward-delete-char (Rubout): Commands For Text. (line 17) * backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout): Commands For Killing. - (line 9) + (line 11) * backward-kill-word (M-<DEL>): Commands For Killing. - (line 24) + (line 28) * backward-word (M-b): Commands For Moving. (line 22) * beginning-of-history (M-<): Commands For History. (line 20) * beginning-of-line (C-a): Commands For Moving. (line 6) * bracketed-paste-begin (): Commands For Text. (line 33) * call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e): Keyboard Macros. (line 13) -* capitalize-word (M-c): Commands For Text. (line 61) +* capitalize-word (M-c): Commands For Text. (line 66) * character-search (C-]): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 42) * character-search-backward (M-C-]): Miscellaneous Commands. @@ -11643,24 +11659,24 @@ D.4 Function Index * complete-variable (M-$): Commands For Completion. (line 64) * copy-backward-word (): Commands For Killing. - (line 65) + (line 69) * copy-forward-word (): Commands For Killing. - (line 70) + (line 74) * copy-region-as-kill (): Commands For Killing. - (line 61) + (line 65) * dabbrev-expand (): Commands For Completion. (line 95) * delete-char (C-d): Commands For Text. (line 12) * delete-char-or-list (): Commands For Completion. (line 43) * delete-horizontal-space (): Commands For Killing. - (line 53) + (line 57) * digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ... M--): Numeric Arguments. (line 6) * display-shell-version (C-x C-v): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 110) * do-lowercase-version (M-A, M-B, M-X, ...): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 14) -* downcase-word (M-l): Commands For Text. (line 57) +* downcase-word (M-l): Commands For Text. (line 62) * dump-functions (): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 74) * dump-macros (): Miscellaneous Commands. @@ -11681,7 +11697,7 @@ D.4 Function Index * forward-backward-delete-char (): Commands For Text. (line 21) * forward-char (C-f): Commands For Moving. (line 12) * forward-search-history (C-s): Commands For History. - (line 31) + (line 33) * forward-word (M-f): Commands For Moving. (line 18) * glob-complete-word (M-g): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 92) @@ -11694,13 +11710,13 @@ D.4 Function Index * history-expand-line (M-^): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 118) * history-search-backward (): Commands For History. - (line 53) + (line 57) * history-search-forward (): Commands For History. - (line 47) + (line 51) * history-substring-search-backward (): Commands For History. - (line 65) + (line 69) * history-substring-search-forward (): Commands For History. - (line 59) + (line 63) * insert-comment (M-#): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 61) * insert-completions (M-*): Commands For Completion. @@ -11710,11 +11726,11 @@ D.4 Function Index * kill-line (C-k): Commands For Killing. (line 6) * kill-region (): Commands For Killing. - (line 57) + (line 61) * kill-whole-line (): Commands For Killing. - (line 15) -* kill-word (M-d): Commands For Killing. (line 19) +* kill-word (M-d): Commands For Killing. + (line 23) * magic-space (): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 121) * menu-complete (): Commands For Completion. @@ -11725,12 +11741,12 @@ D.4 Function Index (line 17) * next-screen-line (): Commands For Moving. (line 41) * non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n): Commands For History. - (line 41) + (line 45) * non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p): Commands For History. - (line 35) + (line 39) * operate-and-get-next (C-o): Commands For History. - (line 92) -* overwrite-mode (): Commands For Text. (line 65) + (line 96) +* overwrite-mode (): Commands For Text. (line 70) * possible-command-completions (C-x !): Commands For Completion. (line 86) * possible-completions (M-?): Commands For Completion. @@ -11761,40 +11777,40 @@ D.4 Function Index * set-mark (C-@): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 33) * shell-backward-kill-word (): Commands For Killing. - (line 33) + (line 37) * shell-backward-word (M-C-b): Commands For Moving. (line 30) * shell-expand-line (M-C-e): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 113) * shell-forward-word (M-C-f): Commands For Moving. (line 26) * shell-kill-word (M-C-d): Commands For Killing. - (line 28) + (line 32) * shell-transpose-words (M-C-t): Commands For Killing. - (line 37) + (line 41) * skip-csi-sequence (): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 52) * start-kbd-macro (C-x (): Keyboard Macros. (line 6) * tilde-expand (M-&): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 30) -* transpose-chars (C-t): Commands For Text. (line 42) -* transpose-words (M-t): Commands For Text. (line 48) +* transpose-chars (C-t): Commands For Text. (line 47) +* transpose-words (M-t): Commands For Text. (line 53) * undo (C-_ or C-x C-u): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 23) * universal-argument (): Numeric Arguments. (line 10) * unix-filename-rubout (): Commands For Killing. - (line 48) + (line 52) * unix-line-discard (C-u): Commands For Killing. - (line 12) + (line 16) * unix-word-rubout (C-w): Commands For Killing. - (line 44) -* upcase-word (M-u): Commands For Text. (line 53) + (line 48) +* upcase-word (M-u): Commands For Text. (line 58) * yank (C-y): Commands For Killing. - (line 75) + (line 79) * yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_): Commands For History. - (line 80) + (line 84) * yank-nth-arg (M-C-y): Commands For History. - (line 71) + (line 75) * yank-pop (M-y): Commands For Killing. - (line 78) + (line 82) File: bash.info, Node: Concept Index, Prev: Function Index, Up: Indexes @@ -11963,66 +11979,66 @@ D.5 Concept Index Tag Table: -Node: Top887 -Node: Introduction2797 -Node: What is Bash?3013 -Node: What is a shell?4127 -Node: Definitions6665 -Node: Basic Shell Features9616 -Node: Shell Syntax10835 -Node: Shell Operation11861 -Node: Quoting13154 -Node: Escape Character14454 -Node: Single Quotes14939 -Node: Double Quotes15287 -Node: ANSI-C Quoting16565 -Node: Locale Translation17824 -Node: Comments18977 -Node: Shell Commands19595 -Node: Reserved Words20533 -Node: Simple Commands21289 -Node: Pipelines21943 -Node: Lists24875 -Node: Compound Commands26666 -Node: Looping Constructs27678 -Node: Conditional Constructs30173 -Node: Command Grouping41744 -Node: Coprocesses43223 -Node: GNU Parallel45126 -Node: Shell Functions49427 -Node: Shell Parameters56634 -Node: Positional Parameters61047 -Node: Special Parameters61947 -Node: Shell Expansions65171 -Node: Brace Expansion67294 -Node: Tilde Expansion70017 -Node: Shell Parameter Expansion72634 -Node: Command Substitution87763 -Node: Arithmetic Expansion89118 -Node: Process Substitution90050 -Node: Word Splitting91170 -Node: Filename Expansion93114 -Node: Pattern Matching95663 -Node: Quote Removal99649 -Node: Redirections99944 -Node: Executing Commands109502 -Node: Simple Command Expansion110172 -Node: Command Search and Execution112126 -Node: Command Execution Environment114502 -Node: Environment117486 -Node: Exit Status119145 -Node: Signals120815 -Node: Shell Scripts122782 -Node: Shell Builtin Commands125794 -Node: Bourne Shell Builtins127832 -Node: Bash Builtins148756 -Node: Modifying Shell Behavior178486 -Node: The Set Builtin178831 -Node: The Shopt Builtin189244 -Node: Special Builtins204380 -Node: Shell Variables205359 -Node: Bourne Shell Variables205796 -Node: Bash Variables207900 +Node: Top893 +Node: Introduction2809 +Node: What is Bash?3025 +Node: What is a shell?4139 +Node: Definitions6677 +Node: Basic Shell Features9628 +Node: Shell Syntax10847 +Node: Shell Operation11873 +Node: Quoting13166 +Node: Escape Character14466 +Node: Single Quotes14951 +Node: Double Quotes15299 +Node: ANSI-C Quoting16577 +Node: Locale Translation17836 +Node: Comments18989 +Node: Shell Commands19607 +Node: Reserved Words20545 +Node: Simple Commands21301 +Node: Pipelines21955 +Node: Lists24887 +Node: Compound Commands26678 +Node: Looping Constructs27690 +Node: Conditional Constructs30185 +Node: Command Grouping41756 +Node: Coprocesses43235 +Node: GNU Parallel45138 +Node: Shell Functions49439 +Node: Shell Parameters56646 +Node: Positional Parameters61059 +Node: Special Parameters61959 +Node: Shell Expansions65183 +Node: Brace Expansion67306 +Node: Tilde Expansion70029 +Node: Shell Parameter Expansion72646 +Node: Command Substitution87775 +Node: Arithmetic Expansion89130 +Node: Process Substitution90062 +Node: Word Splitting91182 +Node: Filename Expansion93126 +Node: Pattern Matching95675 +Node: Quote Removal99661 +Node: Redirections99956 +Node: Executing Commands109526 +Node: Simple Command Expansion110196 +Node: Command Search and Execution112150 +Node: Command Execution Environment114526 +Node: Environment117510 +Node: Exit Status119169 +Node: Signals120839 +Node: Shell Scripts122806 +Node: Shell Builtin Commands125818 +Node: Bourne Shell Builtins127856 +Node: Bash Builtins148785 +Node: Modifying Shell Behavior178720 +Node: The Set Builtin179065 +Node: The Shopt Builtin189478 +Node: Special Builtins204388 +Node: Shell Variables205367 +Node: Bourne Shell Variables205804 +Node: Bash Variables207908 Node: Bash Features240478 Node: Invoking Bash241491 Node: Bash Startup Files247504 @@ -12040,60 +12056,60 @@ Node: Controlling the Prompt277893 Node: The Restricted Shell280843 Node: Bash POSIX Mode283437 Node: Shell Compatibility Mode294473 -Node: Job Control300848 -Node: Job Control Basics301308 -Node: Job Control Builtins306304 -Node: Job Control Variables311704 -Node: Command Line Editing312860 -Node: Introduction and Notation314531 -Node: Readline Interaction316154 -Node: Readline Bare Essentials317345 -Node: Readline Movement Commands319128 -Node: Readline Killing Commands320088 -Node: Readline Arguments322006 -Node: Searching323050 -Node: Readline Init File325236 -Node: Readline Init File Syntax326495 -Node: Conditional Init Constructs347025 -Node: Sample Init File351221 -Node: Bindable Readline Commands354338 -Node: Commands For Moving355542 -Node: Commands For History357593 -Node: Commands For Text362220 -Node: Commands For Killing365608 -Node: Numeric Arguments368423 -Node: Commands For Completion369562 -Node: Keyboard Macros373753 -Node: Miscellaneous Commands374440 -Node: Readline vi Mode380124 -Node: Programmable Completion381031 -Node: Programmable Completion Builtins388811 -Node: A Programmable Completion Example399506 -Node: Using History Interactively404753 -Node: Bash History Facilities405437 -Node: Bash History Builtins408442 -Node: History Interaction413171 -Node: Event Designators416791 -Node: Word Designators418145 -Node: Modifiers419905 -Node: Installing Bash421716 -Node: Basic Installation422853 -Node: Compilers and Options426111 -Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures426852 -Node: Installation Names428545 -Node: Specifying the System Type429363 -Node: Sharing Defaults430079 -Node: Operation Controls430752 -Node: Optional Features431710 -Node: Reporting Bugs442228 -Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell443422 -Node: GNU Free Documentation License460274 -Node: Indexes485451 -Node: Builtin Index485905 -Node: Reserved Word Index492732 -Node: Variable Index495180 -Node: Function Index511077 -Node: Concept Index524587 +Node: Job Control301129 +Node: Job Control Basics301589 +Node: Job Control Builtins306585 +Node: Job Control Variables311985 +Node: Command Line Editing313141 +Node: Introduction and Notation314812 +Node: Readline Interaction316435 +Node: Readline Bare Essentials317626 +Node: Readline Movement Commands319409 +Node: Readline Killing Commands320369 +Node: Readline Arguments322287 +Node: Searching323331 +Node: Readline Init File325517 +Node: Readline Init File Syntax326776 +Node: Conditional Init Constructs347315 +Node: Sample Init File351511 +Node: Bindable Readline Commands354635 +Node: Commands For Moving355839 +Node: Commands For History357890 +Node: Commands For Text362683 +Node: Commands For Killing366332 +Node: Numeric Arguments369365 +Node: Commands For Completion370504 +Node: Keyboard Macros374695 +Node: Miscellaneous Commands375382 +Node: Readline vi Mode381066 +Node: Programmable Completion381973 +Node: Programmable Completion Builtins389753 +Node: A Programmable Completion Example400448 +Node: Using History Interactively405695 +Node: Bash History Facilities406379 +Node: Bash History Builtins409384 +Node: History Interaction414113 +Node: Event Designators417733 +Node: Word Designators419087 +Node: Modifiers420847 +Node: Installing Bash422658 +Node: Basic Installation423795 +Node: Compilers and Options427053 +Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures427794 +Node: Installation Names429487 +Node: Specifying the System Type430305 +Node: Sharing Defaults431021 +Node: Operation Controls431694 +Node: Optional Features432652 +Node: Reporting Bugs443170 +Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell444364 +Node: GNU Free Documentation License461216 +Node: Indexes486393 +Node: Builtin Index486847 +Node: Reserved Word Index493674 +Node: Variable Index496122 +Node: Function Index512019 +Node: Concept Index525529 End Tag Table diff --git a/doc/bash.pdf b/doc/bash.pdf Binary files differindex 4ccd1114..e67e6ccf 100644 --- a/doc/bash.pdf +++ b/doc/bash.pdf diff --git a/doc/bash.ps b/doc/bash.ps index e92ecfb4..7c748f0b 100644 --- a/doc/bash.ps +++ b/doc/bash.ps @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.22.4 -%%CreationDate: Wed Jun 10 12:00:37 2020 +%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 7 09:52:15 2020 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic @@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ F .475(xtended deb)-.15 F(ug-)-.2 E (~/.bashr)3.598 E(c)-.37 E F0 1.598(if the)4.408 F(shell is interacti) 144 710.4 Q .3 -.15(ve \()-.25 H(see).15 E F4(INV)2.5 E(OCA)-.405 E (TION)-.855 E F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(1)204.835 E 0 Cg EP +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(1)197.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 2 2 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -463,8 +463,8 @@ F2(~/.bashr)108 691.2 Q(c)-.37 E F0 2.535(,i)C 2.535(ft)-2.535 G .035 Q F1(bash)5.306 E F0 2.806(is started non-interacti)5.306 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.306(,t)-.65 G 5.306(or)-5.306 G 2.806 (un a shell script, for e)-5.306 F 2.805(xample, it looks for the v)-.15 -F(ariable)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(2)204.835 E -0 Cg EP +F(ariable)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(2) +197.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 3 3 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -598,8 +598,8 @@ F .388(wed by)-.25 F F2(blank)2.888 E F0 .388(-separated w)B .388 (ords and)-.1 F .815(redirections, and terminated by a)108 722.4 R F4 (contr)3.315 E .815(ol oper)-.45 F(ator)-.15 E F0 5.815(.T)C .815 (he \214rst w)-5.815 F .816(ord speci\214es the command to be e)-.1 F --.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E -(3)204.835 E 0 Cg EP +-.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted,).15 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 +E(3)197.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 4 4 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -719,8 +719,8 @@ G(cuted if, and only if,).15 E F1(command1)2.7 E F0(returns an e)2.5 E (returns a non-zero e)2.935 F .435(xit status.)-.15 F .435 (The return status of AND)5.435 F(and OR lists is the e)108 722.4 Q (xit status of the last command e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted in the list.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(4) -204.835 E 0 Cg EP +(cuted in the list.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E +(4)197.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 5 5 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -853,7 +853,8 @@ E F0 1.13(indices. The element of)3.38 F F3 -.27(BA)3.63 G(SH_REMA).27 E F0(th parenthesized sube)A(xpression.)-.15 E .785 (Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 697.2 R .786 (wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F(dence:)144 -709.2 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(5)204.835 E 0 Cg EP +709.2 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(5)197.055 E 0 Cg +EP %%Page: 6 6 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1005,8 +1006,8 @@ F1(elif)2.978 E F2(list)2.978 E F0 1.088(is e)144 712.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.239(command completes.)144 724.8 R 1.239(Otherwise, the)6.239 F F1 (else)3.739 E F2(list)3.739 E F0 1.239(is e)3.739 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.239 (cuted, if present.).15 F 1.24(The e)6.239 F 1.24(xit status is the e) --.15 F(xit)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(6)204.835 -E 0 Cg EP +-.15 F(xit)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(6) +197.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 7 7 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1145,7 +1146,7 @@ F(ord)-.1 E .604 1.337(option enabled does not allo)3.837 F 3.837(wc)-.25 G 3.836 (omments. The)-3.837 F F1(interacti)3.836 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 1.336(option is on by def)3.836 F 1.336(ault in)-.1 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 -768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(7)204.835 E 0 Cg EP +768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(7)197.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 8 8 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1248,7 +1249,7 @@ Q F4(\\)144 607.2 Q F2(nnn)A F0(the eight-bit character whose v)180 (igits\))-2.5 E F4(\\c)144 703.2 Q F2(x)A F0 2.5(ac)180 703.2 S(ontrol-) -2.5 E F2(x)A F0(character)2.5 E(The e)108 720 Q(xpanded result is sing\ le-quoted, as if the dollar sign had not been present.)-.15 E -(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(8)204.835 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(8)197.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 9 9 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1397,8 +1398,8 @@ F0 5.144(.I)C 2.644(ft)-5.144 G .144(he control v)-2.644 F .144 -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E .443(cuted with the name of a nameref v)108 693.6 R .442(ariable as an ar)-.25 F .442(gument, the v)-.18 F .442 (ariable referenced by the nameref v)-.25 F(ariable)-.25 E -(will be unset.)108 705.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E -(9)204.835 E 0 Cg EP +(will be unset.)108 705.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 +E(9)197.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 10 10 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1528,8 +1529,8 @@ F1(shopt)2.616 E F0 -.2(bu)2.616 G .116(iltin command \(see).2 F F3 .116 (vironment)-.4 E(when)144 703.2 Q F1(bash)3.141 E F0 .642(starts up, ea\ ch shell option in the list will be enabled before reading an)3.141 F 3.142(ys)-.15 G .642(tartup \214les.)-3.142 F(This v)144 715.2 Q -(ariable is read-only)-.25 E(.)-.65 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5) -150.675 E(10)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(ariable is read-only)-.25 E(.)-.65 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(10)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 11 11 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1652,7 +1653,7 @@ E F0 .005(binary operator to the)2.506 F F1([[)2.505 E F0 .005 -.15 F(xpression.)-.15 E 4.331(The element with inde)144 720 R(x)-.15 E F4(n)6.831 E F0 4.331(is the portion of the string matching the)6.831 F F4(n)6.83 E F0 4.33(th parenthesized)B(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(11)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(11)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 12 12 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1765,7 +1766,7 @@ F0(belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1(COPR)108 702 Q(OC)-.3 E F0 .168(An array v) (w\) created to hold the \214le descriptors for output from and input) -.25 F(to an unnamed coprocess \(see)144 726 Q F1(Copr)2.5 E(ocesses) -.18 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(12)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(12)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 13 13 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1874,7 +1875,7 @@ F -.15(xe)-.15 G .899(cuting, in).15 F(the standard GNU)144 678 Q F3 (belo)2.794 E .294(w\) created to hold the te)-.25 F .293 (xt read by the)-.15 F F1(map\214le)2.793 E F0 -.2(bu)2.793 G .293 (iltin when no).2 F -.25(va)144 714 S(riable name is supplied.).25 E -(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(13)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(13)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 14 14 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1979,8 +1980,8 @@ F0(Expands to the user ID of the current user)144 708 Q 2.5(,i)-.4 G E(.)-.65 E .993(The follo)108 724.8 R .993(wing v)-.25 F .994 (ariables are used by the shell.)-.25 F .994(In some cases,)5.994 F F1 (bash)3.494 E F0 .994(assigns a def)3.494 F .994(ault v)-.1 F .994 -(alue to a v)-.25 F(ariable;)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5) -150.675 E(14)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(alue to a v)-.25 F(ariable;)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(14)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 15 15 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -1988,19 +1989,20 @@ BP /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E (these cases are noted belo)108 84 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF -.3(BA)108 100.8 S(SH_COMP).3 E -.95(AT)-.74 G F0 .534(The v)144 -112.8 R .534(alue is used to set the shell')-.25 F 3.034(sc)-.55 G .534 -(ompatibility le)-3.034 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.034(l. See).15 F F1 .533 -(SHELL COMP)3.034 F -.95(AT)-.74 G .533(IBILITY MODE).95 F F0(belo)144 -124.8 Q 3.314(wf)-.25 G .814(or a description of the v)-3.314 F .814 -(arious compatibility le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .814(ls and their ef).15 -F 3.315(fects. The)-.25 F -.25(va)3.315 G .815(lue may be a).25 F .195 -(decimal number \(e.g., 4.2\) or an inte)144 136.8 R .195 +SF -.3(BA)108 100.8 S(SH_COMP).3 E -.95(AT)-.74 G F0 .503(The v)144 +112.8 R .502(alue is used to set the shell')-.25 F 3.002(sc)-.55 G .502 +(ompatibility le)-3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.002(l. See).15 F/F2 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF .502(SHELL COMP)3.002 F -.855(AT)-.666 G .502 +(IBILITY MODE).855 F F0(be-)2.752 E(lo)144 124.8 Q 2.662(wf)-.25 G .162 +(or a description of the v)-2.662 F .162(arious compatibility le)-.25 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G .162(ls and their ef).15 F 2.663(fects. The)-.25 F -.25 +(va)2.663 G .163(lue may be a dec-).25 F .33 +(imal number \(e.g., 4.2\) or an inte)144 136.8 R .33 (ger \(e.g., 42\) corresponding to the desired compatibility le)-.15 F --.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E(If)144 148.8 Q F1 -.3(BA)2.771 G(SH_COMP).3 E --.95(AT)-.74 G F0 .271 -(is unset or set to the empty string, the compatibility le)3.721 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G 2.771(li).15 G 2.771(ss)-2.771 G .272(et to the def)-2.771 F +-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.83(l. If).15 F F1 -.3(BA)144 148.8 S(SH_COMP).3 E -.95 +(AT)-.74 G F0 .86 +(is unset or set to the empty string, the compatibility le)4.31 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.361(li).15 G 3.361(ss)-3.361 G .861(et to the def)-3.361 F (ault)-.1 E .39(for the current v)144 160.8 R 2.89(ersion. If)-.15 F F1 -.3(BA)2.89 G(SH_COMP).3 E -.95(AT)-.74 G F0 .39(is set to a v)3.84 F .39(alue that is not one of the v)-.25 F .39(alid compati-)-.25 F .277 @@ -2010,36 +2012,37 @@ F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.778(lt).15 G 2.778(ot)-2.778 G .278(he def)-2.778 F .278(ault for the)-.1 F 1.401(current v)144 184.8 R 3.901(ersion. The) -.15 F -.25(va)3.901 G 1.401(lid v).25 F 1.401 (alues correspond to the compatibility le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.401 -(ls described belo).15 F 3.9(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.9 E F1 .077(SHELL COMP) -144 196.8 R -.95(AT)-.74 G .077(IBILITY MODE).95 F F0 5.077(.F)C .077 -(or e)-5.227 F .078(xample, 4.2 and 42 are v)-.15 F .078(alid v)-.25 F -.078(alues that correspond to)-.25 F(the)144 208.8 Q F1 1.245 -(compat42 shopt)3.745 F F0 1.245(option and set the compatibility le) -3.745 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.744(lt).15 G 3.744(o4)-3.744 G 3.744(2. The) --3.744 F 1.244(current v)3.744 F 1.244(ersion is also a)-.15 F -.25(va) -144 220.8 S(lid v).25 E(alue.)-.25 E F1 -.3(BA)108 232.8 S(SH_ENV).3 E -F0 .505(If this parameter is set when)144 244.8 R F1(bash)3.005 E F0 -.505(is e)3.005 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .506(cuting a shell script, its v).15 F -.506(alue is interpreted as a \214lename)-.25 F .391 -(containing commands to initialize the shell, as in)144 256.8 R/F2 10 +(ls described belo).15 F 3.9(wu)-.25 G(nder)-3.9 E F2(BSHELL)144 196.8 Q +/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(COMP)A -.999(AT)-.828 G(IBILITY).999 E F2(MODE)A +F3(.)A F0 -.15(Fo)4.997 G 2.997(re).15 G .497(xample, 4.2 and 42 are v) +-3.147 F .497(alid v)-.25 F .498(alues that correspond to the)-.25 F F1 +.774(compat42 shopt)144 208.8 R F0 .774 +(option and set the compatibility le)3.274 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.274(lt).15 +G 3.274(o4)-3.274 G 3.274(2. The)-3.274 F .774(current v)3.274 F .773 +(ersion is also a v)-.15 F(alid)-.25 E -.25(va)144 220.8 S(lue.).25 E F1 +-.3(BA)108 232.8 S(SH_ENV).3 E F0 .505(If this parameter is set when)144 +244.8 R F1(bash)3.005 E F0 .505(is e)3.005 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .506 +(cuting a shell script, its v).15 F .506 +(alue is interpreted as a \214lename)-.25 F .391 +(containing commands to initialize the shell, as in)144 256.8 R/F4 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(~/.bashr)2.39 E(c)-.37 E F0 5.39(.T).31 G .39(he v) --5.39 F .39(alue of)-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)2.89 G(SH_ENV) -.27 E F0 .39(is subjected)2.64 F .525(to parameter e)144 268.8 R .525 +-5.39 F .39(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.27(BA)2.89 G(SH_ENV).27 E F0 .39 +(is subjected)2.64 F .525(to parameter e)144 268.8 R .525 (xpansion, command substitution, and arithmetic e)-.15 F .525 (xpansion before being interpreted)-.15 F(as a \214lename.)144 280.8 Q -F3 -.666(PA)5 G(TH)-.189 E F0 +F2 -.666(PA)5 G(TH)-.189 E F0 (is not used to search for the resultant \214lename.)2.25 E F1 -.3(BA) 108 292.8 S(SH_XTRA).3 E(CEFD)-.55 E F0 .481(If set to an inte)144 304.8 R .481(ger corresponding to a v)-.15 F .481(alid \214le descriptor)-.25 F(,)-.4 E F1(bash)2.98 E F0 .48(will write the trace output gener)2.98 F -(-)-.2 E 3.114(ated when)144 316.8 R/F4 10/Courier@0 SF 3.114(set -x) +(-)-.2 E 3.114(ated when)144 316.8 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF 3.114(set -x) 5.614 F F0 3.114(is enabled to that \214le descriptor)5.614 F 8.114(.T) --.55 G 3.114(he \214le descriptor is closed when)-8.114 F F3 -.27(BA)144 +-.55 G 3.114(he \214le descriptor is closed when)-8.114 F F2 -.27(BA)144 328.8 S(SH_XTRA).27 E(CEFD)-.495 E F0 .138(is unset or assigned a ne) -2.388 F 2.638(wv)-.25 G 2.638(alue. Unsetting)-2.888 F F3 -.27(BA)2.638 +2.388 F 2.638(wv)-.25 G 2.638(alue. Unsetting)-2.888 F F2 -.27(BA)2.638 G(SH_XTRA).27 E(CEFD)-.495 E F0 .138(or assigning it)2.388 F 2.531(the \ empty string causes the trace output to be sent to the standard error) -144 340.8 R 7.531(.N)-.55 G 2.531(ote that setting)-7.531 F F3 -.27(BA) +144 340.8 R 7.531(.N)-.55 G 2.531(ote that setting)-7.531 F F2 -.27(BA) 144 352.8 S(SH_XTRA).27 E(CEFD)-.495 E F0 .74(to 2 \(the standard error\ \214le descriptor\) and then unsetting it will result in the)2.991 F (standard error being closed.)144 364.8 Q F1(CDP)108 376.8 Q -.95(AT) @@ -2048,7 +2051,7 @@ E F0 3.747(command. This)3.747 F 1.248 (is a colon-separated list of directories in which the)3.747 F 3.796 (shell looks for destination directories speci\214ed by the)144 400.8 R F1(cd)6.295 E F0 6.295(command. A)6.295 F 3.795(sample v)6.295 F 3.795 -(alue is)-.25 F F4(".:~:/usr")144 412.8 Q F0(.)A F1(CHILD_MAX)108 424.8 +(alue is)-.25 F F5(".:~:/usr")144 412.8 Q F0(.)A F1(CHILD_MAX)108 424.8 Q F0 .997(Set the number of e)144 436.8 R .997(xited child status v)-.15 F .997(alues for the shell to remember)-.25 F 5.997(.B)-.55 G .997 (ash will not allo)-5.997 F 3.498(wt)-.25 G(his)-3.498 E -.25(va)144 @@ -2061,23 +2064,23 @@ F0 .829(compound command to determine the terminal width when printing \ selection)3.328 F 3.466(lists. Automatically)144 496.8 R .966 (set if the)3.466 F F1(checkwinsize)3.466 E F0 .966 (option is enabled or in an interacti)3.466 F 1.266 -.15(ve s)-.25 H -.966(hell upon re-).15 F(ceipt of a)144 508.8 Q F3(SIGWINCH)2.5 E/F5 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(COMPREPL)108 520.8 Q(Y)-.92 E F0 .847 -(An array v)144 532.8 R .848(ariable from which)-.25 F F1(bash)3.348 E -F0 .848(reads the possible completions generated by a shell function) -3.348 F(in)144 544.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.785(db).1 G 2.785(yt) --2.785 G .285(he programmable completion f)-2.785 F .285(acility \(see) --.1 F F1(Pr)2.785 E .285(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(belo)2.785 E -2.785(w\). Each)-.25 F(array element contains one possible completion.) -144 556.8 Q F1(EMA)108 568.8 Q(CS)-.55 E F0(If)144 580.8 Q F1(bash)2.535 -E F0 .035(\214nds this v)2.535 F .035(ariable in the en)-.25 F .036 -(vironment when the shell starts with v)-.4 F(alue)-.25 E F4(t)2.536 E +.966(hell upon re-).15 F(ceipt of a)144 508.8 Q F2(SIGWINCH)2.5 E F3(.)A +F1(COMPREPL)108 520.8 Q(Y)-.92 E F0 .847(An array v)144 532.8 R .848 +(ariable from which)-.25 F F1(bash)3.348 E F0 .848 +(reads the possible completions generated by a shell function)3.348 F +(in)144 544.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.785(db).1 G 2.785(yt)-2.785 G +.285(he programmable completion f)-2.785 F .285(acility \(see)-.1 F F1 +(Pr)2.785 E .285(ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(belo)2.785 E 2.785 +(w\). Each)-.25 F(array element contains one possible completion.)144 +556.8 Q F1(EMA)108 568.8 Q(CS)-.55 E F0(If)144 580.8 Q F1(bash)2.535 E +F0 .035(\214nds this v)2.535 F .035(ariable in the en)-.25 F .036 +(vironment when the shell starts with v)-.4 F(alue)-.25 E F5(t)2.536 E F0 2.536(,i)C 2.536(ta)-2.536 G .036(ssumes that the)-2.536 F (shell is running in an Emacs shell b)144 592.8 Q(uf)-.2 E (fer and disables line editing.)-.25 E F1(ENV)108 604.8 Q F0(Similar to) -144 604.8 Q F3 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_ENV).27 E F5(;)A F0 +144 604.8 Q F2 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_ENV).27 E F3(;)A F0 (used when the shell is in)2.25 E -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(di).1 G -(n)-2.5 E F2(posix mode)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(EXECIGNORE)108 616.8 Q F0 2.717 +(n)-2.5 E F4(posix mode)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(EXECIGNORE)108 616.8 Q F0 2.717 (Ac)144 628.8 S .217(olon-separated list of shell patterns \(see)-2.717 F F1 -.1(Pa)2.717 G(tter).1 E 2.717(nM)-.15 G(atching)-2.717 E F0 2.717 (\)d)C .216(e\214ning the list of \214lenames to be)-2.717 F .116 @@ -2097,8 +2100,8 @@ R 1.67 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.37(he e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.37 (cutable bit set, b).15 F 1.37(ut are not e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.37 (cutable \214les.).15 F 1.37(The pattern matching)6.37 F (honors the setting of the)144 700.8 Q F1(extglob)2.5 E F0 -(shell option.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(15) -199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(shell option.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(15) +192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 16 16 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2219,7 +2222,7 @@ R F1(history)3.173 E F0 -.2(bu)3.172 G 3.172(iltin. If).2 F .672(this v) 2.644(ym)-.15 G .144(ay be preserv)-2.644 F .144 (ed across shell sessions.)-.15 F(This)5.145 E(uses the history comment\ character to distinguish timestamps from other history lines.)144 696 Q -(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(16)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(16)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 17 17 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2327,7 +2330,7 @@ l to zero, the shell disables mail checking.)-.25 E F1(MAILP)108 684 Q with a `?'.)-2.62 F(When used in the te)144 720 Q(xt of the message,) -.15 E F1($_)2.5 E F0 -.15(ex)2.5 G (pands to the name of the current mail\214le.).15 E(Example:)5 E -(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(17)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(17)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 18 18 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2375,13 +2378,13 @@ F0(in)2.511 E -.2(vo)-.4 G .011(cation option had been supplied.).2 F (set -o posix)4.497 F F0 1.997(had been e)4.497 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.) .15 E(When the shell enters)144 288 Q F4(posix mode)2.5 E F0 2.5(,i)C 2.5(ts)-2.5 G(ets this v)-2.5 E(ariable if it w)-.25 E -(as not already set.)-.1 E F1(PR)108 300 Q(OMPT_COMMANDS)-.3 E F0 .099 -(If this array v)144 312 R .099(ariable is set, the v)-.25 F .099 -(alue of each set element is e)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .099 -(cuted as a command prior to issuing).15 F .463(each primary prompt.)144 -324 R .463(If this is not set, b)5.463 F(ut)-.2 E F1(PR)2.963 E -(OMPT_COMMAND)-.3 E F0 .463(is set to a v)2.963 F .463(alue, its v)-.25 -F .462(alue is)-.25 F(used as a command to e)144 336 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(as not already set.)-.1 E F1(PR)108 300 Q(OMPT_COMMAND)-.3 E F0 .155 +(If this v)144 312 R .155(ariable is set, and is an array)-.25 F 2.655 +(,t)-.65 G .155(he v)-2.655 F .155(alue of each set element is e)-.25 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .155(cuted as a command prior).15 F .407 +(to issuing each primary prompt.)144 324 R .407(If this is set b)5.407 F +.407(ut not an array v)-.2 F .407(ariable, its v)-.25 F .407 +(alue is used as a com-)-.25 F(mand to e)144 336 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cute instead.).15 E F1(PR)108 348 Q(OMPT_DIR)-.3 E(TRIM)-.4 E F0 .676 (If set to a number greater than zero, the v)144 360 R .676 (alue is used as the number of trailing directory compo-)-.25 F .923 @@ -2446,8 +2449,8 @@ Q F0(The CPU percentage, computed as \(%U + %S\) / %R.)194 678 Q .87 (decimal point may be speci\214ed; v)144 718.8 R .537(alues of)-.25 F F4 (p)3.037 E F0 .537(greater than 3 are changed to 3.)3.037 F(If)5.538 E F4(p)3.038 E F0 .538(is not speci\214ed,)3.038 F(the v)144 730.8 Q -(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(18) -199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(alue 3 is used.)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E +(18)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 19 19 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2582,7 +2585,7 @@ F 2.529(wu)-.25 G(nder)-2.529 E F3(EXP)2.529 E(ANSION)-.666 E/F4 9 -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.496(da).15 G .996(rrays, if the optional brack)-3.496 F .996(ets and subscript are supplied, that inde)-.1 F 3.495(xi)-.15 G 3.495(sa)-3.495 G .995(ssigned to;)-3.495 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(19)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(19)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 20 20 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2741,8 +2744,8 @@ F .418(xpansion; tilde e)-.15 F .418(xpansion, parameter and v)-.15 F .418(ariable e)-.25 F .418(xpansion, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)108 712.8 S .195(pansion, and command substitution \(done in a left-to-right f).15 F .196(ashion\); w)-.1 F .196(ord splitting; and pathname e)-.1 F(xpan-) --.15 E(sion.)108 724.8 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(20) -199.835 E 0 Cg EP +-.15 E(sion.)108 724.8 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E +(20)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 21 21 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -2877,7 +2880,7 @@ E(w_e)-.25 E(x}})-.15 E .618(Brace e)108 588 R .618 (.)A F0(If)6.736 E F3(HOME)4.736 E F0 2.236 (is unset, the home directory of the user e)4.486 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.236 (cuting the shell is substituted instead.).15 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(21)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(21)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 22 22 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3009,8 +3012,8 @@ F F3(pa-)4.561 E -.15(ra)144 664.8 S(meter).15 E F0 5.741(.T).73 G .741 written to the standard error and the shell, if it is not in-)3.282 F (teracti)144 724.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(,e).15 G 2.5(xits. Otherwise,) -2.65 F(the v)2.5 E(alue of)-.25 E F3(par)2.5 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 -(is substituted.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(22) -199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(is substituted.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E +(22)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 23 23 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3132,7 +3135,7 @@ H(pands to a separate w).15 E(ord.)-.1 E(${)108 614.4 Q F2(#)A F1(par)A 144 686.4 Q 2.5(,a)-.65 G(nd an inde)-2.5 E 2.5(xo)-.15 G 2.5<66ad>-2.5 G 2.5(1r)-2.5 G(eferences the last element.)-2.5 E(${)108 703.2 Q F1 (par)A(ameter)-.15 E F2(#)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0(})A(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 -Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(23)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(23)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 24 24 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3279,7 +3282,8 @@ F F1(par)3.36 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .153(or information about)144 715.2 R F1(par)2.653 E(ameter)-.15 E F0 .153(itself, depending on the v)2.653 F .153(alue of)-.25 F F1(oper)2.653 E(ator)-.15 E F0 5.154(.E)C(ach)-5.154 E F1(oper)2.654 E(ator)-.15 E F0 .154(is a sin-)2.654 F(gle letter:)144 -727.2 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(24)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +727.2 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(24)192.055 E 0 Cg +EP %%Page: 25 25 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3382,7 +3386,7 @@ F2 -.2(ex)2.666 G(pr).2 E(ession)-.37 E F0 .165 (result is treated as the arithmetic e)2.548 F .048(xpression to be e) -.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 2.548(luated. Arithmetic).25 F -.15(ex)2.548 G(-) .15 E(pansions may be nested.)108 720 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(25)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(25)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 26 26 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3538,7 +3542,7 @@ E F0(and)6.48 E F4 -.63(``)3.98 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 1.48 (shell option, so all other \214lenames be)3.183 F .682(ginning with a) -.15 F F4 -.63(``)3.182 G -.55(.').63 G(')-.08 E F0 .682(will match.) 5.682 F 2.282 -.8(To g)5.682 H .682(et the old).8 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 -Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(26)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(26)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 27 27 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3648,8 +3652,8 @@ R .968(xtended pattern matching ag)-.15 F .968 (alternations and the strings contain multiple matches.)108 718.8 R .091 (Using separate matches ag)5.091 F .09(ainst shorter strings, or us-) -.05 F(ing arrays of strings instead of a single long string, may be f) -108 730.8 Q(aster)-.1 E(.)-.55 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5) -150.675 E(27)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +108 730.8 Q(aster)-.1 E(.)-.55 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25) +142.895 E(27)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 28 28 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3751,7 +3755,7 @@ E F3(fd)A F0(If)180 532.8 Q F3(fd)2.5 E F0(is a v)2.5 E(alid inte)-.25 E an 9 should be used with care, as the)108 710.4 R 2.545(ym)-.15 G .045 (ay con\215ict with \214le de-)-2.545 F (scriptors the shell uses internally)108 722.4 Q(.)-.65 E(GNU Bash 5.1) -72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(28)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(28)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 29 29 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3838,7 +3842,7 @@ l a line containing only)108 681.6 R F2(delimiter)108.35 693.6 Q F0 .614 F(dard input \(or \214le descriptor)108 705.6 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0(if)2.5 E F2(n)2.5 E F0(is speci\214ed\) for a command.)2.5 E (The format of here-documents is:)108 722.4 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(29)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(29)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 30 30 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -3933,7 +3937,7 @@ A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 .518(causes the \214le whose name is the e)108 (scriptor)108 708 Q F1(n)2.86 E F0 2.5(,o).24 G 2.5(ro)-2.5 G 2.5<6e8c> -2.5 G(le descriptor 0 if)-2.5 E F1(n)2.86 E F0(is not speci\214ed.)2.74 E(If the \214le does not e)5 E(xist, it is created.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.1) -72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(30)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(30)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 31 31 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4082,7 +4086,7 @@ F -.15(xe)-.15 G .007(cution to reach).15 F .813(the current function.) 108 727.2 R .813(The v)5.813 F .813(alue of a v)-.25 F .813 (ariable that a function sees depends on its v)-.25 F .814 (alue within its caller)-.25 F 3.314(,i)-.4 G(f)-3.314 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 -768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(31)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(31)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 32 32 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4191,7 +4195,7 @@ F0(multiplication, di)144 590.4 Q(vision, remainder)-.25 E F2 2.5<2bad> F0(bitwise e)144 674.4 Q(xclusi)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve O)-.25 H(R).15 E F2(|) 108 686.4 Q F0(bitwise OR)144 686.4 Q F2(&&)108 698.4 Q F0(logical AND) 144 698.4 Q F2(||)108 710.4 Q F0(logical OR)144 710.4 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 -768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(32)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(32)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 33 33 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4311,7 +4315,7 @@ G(ists and is readable.).15 E F2<ad73>108 706.8 Q F1(\214le)2.5 E F0 (ists and has a size greater than zero.).15 E F2<ad74>108 718.8 Q F1(fd) 2.5 E F0 -.35(Tr)144 718.8 S(ue if \214le descriptor).35 E F1(fd)4.47 E F0(is open and refers to a terminal.)3.27 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(33)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(33)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 34 34 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4408,7 +4412,7 @@ F(an)2.68 E 2.68(yw)-.15 G .18(ords remain af-)-2.78 F .347(ter e)144 710.4 R .347(xpansion, the \214rst w)-.15 F .347(ord is tak)-.1 F .347 (en to be the name of the command and the remaining w)-.1 F .346 (ords are)-.1 F(the ar)144 722.4 Q(guments.)-.18 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(34)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(34)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 35 35 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4531,7 +4535,8 @@ F0(,)A F3(pushd)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C(r)-2.5 E F3(popd)2.5 E F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5 (ri)-2.5 G(nherited by the shell at in)-2.5 E -.2(vo)-.4 G(cation).2 E <83>108 715.2 Q(the \214le creation mode mask as set by)144 715.2 Q F3 (umask)2.5 E F0(or inherited from the shell')2.5 E 2.5(sp)-.55 G(arent) --2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(35)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(35)192.055 E 0 Cg +EP %%Page: 36 36 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4644,7 +4649,8 @@ F0(commands.)2.5 E .562(The en)108 667.2 R .562(vironment for an)-.4 F F3(all)3.64 E F0 .81(parameter assignments are placed in)3.82 F(the en) 108 720 Q (vironment for a command, not just those that precede the command name.) --.4 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(36)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +-.4 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(36)192.055 E 0 Cg +EP %%Page: 37 37 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4772,7 +4778,7 @@ ociated)108 696 R .733(with this job is 25647.)108 708 R .732 (All of the processes in a single pipeline are members of the same job) 5.733 F(.)-.4 E F1(Bash)5.732 E F0(uses)3.232 E(the)108 720 Q F3(job) 4.24 E F0(abstraction as the basis for job control.)2.73 E(GNU Bash 5.1) -72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(37)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(37)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 38 38 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -4917,8 +4923,8 @@ F0 .038(as described abo)2.288 F .338 -.15(ve b)-.15 H .038 as follo)108 693.6 Q(ws:)-.25 E F5(\\a)144 705.6 Q F0 (an ASCII bell character \(07\))180 705.6 Q F5(\\d)144 717.6 Q F0 (the date in "W)180 717.6 Q(eekday Month Date" format \(e.g., "T)-.8 E -(ue May 26"\))-.45 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(38) -199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(ue May 26"\))-.45 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(38) +192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 39 39 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5033,8 +5039,8 @@ F0 .463(In this section, the Emacs-style notation is used to denote k) (ument to a command that).18 F 2.938(acts in the forw)108 727.2 R 2.938 (ard direction \(e.g.,)-.1 F F1(kill\255line)5.438 E F0 5.438(\)c)C 2.938(auses that command to act in a backw)-5.438 F 2.938 -(ard direction.)-.1 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(39) -199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(ard direction.)-.1 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(39) +192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 40 40 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5145,7 +5151,7 @@ G(rsal\255ar).1 E(gument)-.1 E F0(.)A F1 .315(C\255x C\255r)5.155 F F0 (ESC [ 1 1 ~)3.01 E F0(is bound to insert the te)3.94 E(xt)-.15 E F4 (Function Key 1)2.5 E F0(.)A (The full set of GNU Emacs style escape sequences is)108 722.4 Q -(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(40)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(40)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 41 41 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5239,8 +5245,8 @@ E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(comment\255begin \(`)108 705.6 Q(`#')-.63 E('\)) F1(insert\255comment)3.385 E F0 .884(command is e)3.384 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.384(cuted. This).15 F(com-)3.384 E(mand is bound to)144 729.6 Q F1 (M\255#)2.5 E F0(in emacs mode and to)2.5 E F1(#)2.5 E F0 -(in vi command mode.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E -(41)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(in vi command mode.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 +E(41)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 42 42 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5278,11 +5284,11 @@ ellipsis when displaying possible completions.).25 E F1 .561(may be set to an)3.061 F 3.061(yi)-.15 G(nte)-3.061 E .561(ger v) -.15 F .561(alue greater than or)-.25 F .783(equal to zero.)144 276 R .783(If the number of possible completions is greater than or equal to \ -the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 288 S .237 -(riable, the user is ask).25 F .237(ed whether or not he wishes to vie) --.1 F 2.737(wt)-.25 G .237(hem; otherwise the)-2.737 F 2.737(ya)-.15 G -.237(re simply listed)-2.737 F(on the terminal.)144 300 Q F1(con)108 312 -Q -.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .613(If set to)144 324 R F1(On) +the v)5.783 F .782(alue of this)-.25 F -.25(va)144 288 S .367 +(riable, readline will ask whether or not the user wishes to vie).25 F +2.868(wt)-.25 G .368(hem; otherwise the)-2.868 F 2.868(ya)-.15 G .368 +(re simply)-2.868 F(listed on the terminal.)144 300 Q F1(con)108 312 Q +-.1(ve)-.4 G(rt\255meta \(On\)).1 E F0 .613(If set to)144 324 R F1(On) 3.113 E F0 3.113(,r)C .613(eadline will con)-3.113 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .613 (rt characters with the eighth bit set to an ASCII k).15 F .912 -.15 (ey s)-.1 H .612(equence by).15 F .541 @@ -5347,7 +5353,7 @@ E F0 3.052(,t)C .552(he history code attempts to place point at the sam\ e location on each history line re-)-3.052 F(trie)144 720 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(dw).15 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(pr)2.5 E -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious-history).15 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(next-history)2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(42)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(42)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 43 43 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5460,8 +5466,8 @@ ta-)-3.006 F(pre\214x)144 660 Q .885(ed escape sequence.)-.15 F .884 3.308 E F0 3.308(,r)C .808(eadline uses an internal)-3.308 F F2(mor) 3.308 E(e)-.37 E F0(-lik)A 3.308(ep)-.1 G .808 (ager to display a screenful of possible comple-)-3.308 F -(tions at a time.)144 708 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E -(43)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(tions at a time.)144 708 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 +E(43)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 44 44 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5575,7 +5581,7 @@ F1(term=)3.196 E F0 .696 (wo)3.154 G .654(rd on the right side of).1 F(the)180 727.2 Q F1(=)3.231 E F0 .731(is tested ag)3.231 F .732(ainst both the full name of the ter\ minal and the portion of the terminal)-.05 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(44)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(44)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 45 45 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5682,7 +5688,8 @@ F -.15(xe)-.15 G .174(cute that command.).15 F -.15(Fo)5.174 G(r).15 E (ontrol-Rs are typed without an)-3.153 F 3.152(yi)-.15 G(nterv)-3.152 E (en-)-.15 E(ing characters de\214ning a ne)108 720 Q 2.5(ws)-.25 G (earch string, an)-2.5 E 2.5(yr)-.15 G(emembered search string is used.) --2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(45)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(45)192.055 E 0 Cg +EP %%Page: 46 46 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5772,8 +5779,8 @@ S(th an ar).4 E (restore the history line to its original state.)144 686.4 Q F1(pr)108 698.4 Q -.15(ev)-.18 G(ious\255history \(C\255p\)).15 E F0 (Fetch the pre)144 710.4 Q(vious command from the history list, mo)-.25 -E(ving back in the list.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5) -150.675 E(46)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +E(ving back in the list.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25) +142.895 E(46)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 47 47 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5872,7 +5879,7 @@ E .504 -.15(ve c)-.25 H .204(alls to).15 F F1(yank\255last\255ar)2.704 E (See)5.939 E F3(HIST)3.439 E(OR)-.162 E 3.189(YE)-.315 G(XP)-3.189 E (ANSION)-.666 E F0(belo)3.189 E 3.439(wf)-.25 G .939(or a descrip-) -3.439 F(tion of history e)144 696 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 -768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(47)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(47)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 48 48 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -5970,7 +5977,7 @@ E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E F1(do)108 664.8 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E 2.274 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G 1.974 (ument, capitalize the pre).18 F(vious)-.25 E -.1(wo)144 724.8 S(rd, b) .1 E(ut do not mo)-.2 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(oint.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 -768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(48)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(48)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 49 49 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -6058,8 +6065,8 @@ F0(or)2.5 E F1(yank\255pop)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(Numeric Ar)87 681.6 Q (gument already accumulating, or start a ne)-.18 F 2.867(wa)-.25 G -.18 (rg)-2.867 G 2.867(ument. M\255\255).18 F .367(starts a ne)2.867 F -.05 (ga)-.15 G(-).05 E(ti)144 717.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H -.18(rg).15 G -(ument.).18 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(49)199.835 E 0 -Cg EP +(ument.).18 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(49)192.055 +E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 50 50 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -6163,7 +6170,7 @@ F0(List the possible completions of the te)144 616.8 Q .715(ords, shell functions, shell b)-.1 F .715(uiltins, and)-.2 F (\214nally e)144 712.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cutable \214lenames, in that order).15 E(.)-.55 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(50)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(50)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 51 51 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -6256,7 +6263,7 @@ SF(ESC)5 E F1(f)2.25 E F0(is equi)2.5 E -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to).25 E F1 -.1 G 4.327(sl).15 G(ik)-4.327 E(e)-.1 E .791(Home and End.)144 729.6 R .791(Such sequences be)5.791 F .791 (gin with a Control Sequence Indicator \(CSI\), usually ESC\255[.)-.15 F -(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(51)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(51)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 52 52 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -6371,7 +6378,7 @@ d to generate the list of matching w)108 674.4 R 3.317(ords. If)-.1 F (option is used for \214lename or directory name completion, the)3.095 F (shell v)108 727.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F3(FIGNORE)2.5 E F0 (is used to \214lter the matches.)2.25 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(52)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(52)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 53 53 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -6515,7 +6522,7 @@ F F1 1.172(complete \255D)3.672 F F0 6.172(.I)C(t')-6.172 E 3.672(sp) uld be retried by returning an e)108 712.8 R .93(xit status of 124.)-.15 F .93(If a)5.93 F .1(shell function returns 124, and changes the compsp\ ec associated with the command on which completion is)108 724.8 R -(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(53)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(53)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 54 54 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -6649,8 +6656,8 @@ ds from the history list into the input stream, making it easy to repea\ t)-.1 F .21(commands, insert the ar)108 722.4 R .21(guments to a pre) -.18 F .209 (vious command into the current input line, or \214x errors in pre)-.25 -F(vious)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(54)199.835 E -0 Cg EP +F(vious)-.25 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(54)192.055 +E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 55 55 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -6773,7 +6780,7 @@ F0(,)A F2<ad>3.029 E F0 3.029(,o)C(r)-3.029 E F2(%)3.029 E F0 5.529(.W)C (ginning of the line, with the \214rst w)-.15 F .516 (ord being denoted by 0 \(zero\).)-.1 F -.8(Wo)5.516 G .516(rds are in-) .8 F(serted into the current line separated by single spaces.)108 705.6 -Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(55)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(55)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 56 56 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -6900,8 +6907,8 @@ F1(let)2.961 E F0 2.961(,a)C(nd)-2.961 E F1(shift)2.961 E F0 -.2(bu) (names in)144 726 R/F4 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.666(PA)2.989 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .489(are used to \214nd the directory containing)2.739 F F2(\214lename) 4.899 E F0 5.488(.T).18 G .488(he \214le searched for in)-5.488 F F4 --.666(PA)2.988 G(TH)-.189 E F0(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 -E(56)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +-.666(PA)2.988 G(TH)-.189 E F0(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25) +142.895 E(56)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 57 57 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7031,7 +7038,7 @@ F1<ad71>144 650.4 Q F2(function)2.5 E F0(Query about which k)180 662.4 Q (ound to the named)-2.5 E F2(function)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad72>144 698.4 Q F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0(Remo)180 710.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .3 -.15(ny c).15 H(urrent binding for).15 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5 G(yseq)-.2 E F0 -(.)A(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(57)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(.)A(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(57)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 58 58 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7177,7 +7184,7 @@ F0(is)3.772 E .4(performed using a def)144 700.8 R .4(ault v)-.1 F .4 F0 .175(option causes)2.675 F 3.318(as)144 724.8 S .818(ingle w)-3.318 F .817(ord indicating the command or \214lename used to in)-.1 F -.2(vo) -.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2(command)3.617 E F0 .817(to be displayed; the)4.087 -F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(58)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(58)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 59 59 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7293,7 +7300,7 @@ e compspec generates \214lenames, so it can perform an).7 F 2.637<798c> 2.634(ea)-.1 G .134(dding a slash to directory names, quoting spe-) -2.634 F .45(cial characters, or suppressing trailing spaces\).)224 705.6 R .45(Intended to be used with shell)5.45 F(functions.)224 717.6 Q -(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(59)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(59)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 60 60 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7372,7 +7379,7 @@ E F0(option to the)2.5 E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E F1 .101(When it \214nishes, the possible completions are retrie)5.101 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.602(df).15 G .102(rom the v)-2.602 F .102(alue of the) -.25 F F3(COMPREPL)184 696 Q(Y)-.828 E F0(array v)2.25 E(ariable.)-.25 E -(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(60)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(60)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 61 61 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7504,8 +7511,8 @@ F0 .648(option implies)3.148 F F1<ad66>144 715.2 Q F0 5.836(.T)C(he) (e)-.18 E F0 .819(is e)3.319 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .819 (cuted in a shell function.).15 F .818 (It is ignored in all other cases.)5.818 F(The)5.818 E F1<ad49>3.318 E -F0 .818(option causes local)3.318 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5) -150.675 E(61)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +F0 .818(option causes local)3.318 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(61)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 62 62 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7632,8 +7639,8 @@ F2(dirs)3.694 E F0 1.194(when in)3.694 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(d).1 E 698.4 R .258(alue is 0 unless an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .258 (lid option is supplied or).25 F F1(n)2.758 E F0(inde)2.758 E -.15(xe) -.15 G 2.758(sb).15 G -.15(ey)-2.758 G .258(ond the end of the direc-) -.15 F(tory stack.)144 710.4 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 -E(62)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +.15 F(tory stack.)144 710.4 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25) +142.895 E(62)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 63 63 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7751,7 +7758,7 @@ Q F2(ar)3.171 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.171(sa)C .671 (ev a)2.979 H(l).15 E F0 5.479(.I)C 2.979(ft)-5.479 G .479(here are no) -2.979 F F2(ar)3.309 E(gs)-.37 E F0(,).27 E(or only null ar)144 698.4 Q (guments,)-.18 E F1 -2.3 -.15(ev a)2.5 H(l).15 E F0(returns 0.)2.5 E -(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(63)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(63)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 64 64 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -7899,7 +7906,7 @@ R .454(If the)5.454 F F1<ad65>2.954 E F0 .454 .363(ground, or f)-.15 F .363 (ailure if run when job control is disabled or)-.1 F 2.862(,w)-.4 G .362 (hen run with job control enabled, if)-2.862 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(64)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(64)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 65 65 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -8021,8 +8028,8 @@ G 3.367(sd).15 G(etailed)-3.367 E .224(help on all commands matching)144 (ormat)-2.5 E F2<ad73>144 710.4 Q F0 (Display only a short usage synopsis for each)180 710.4 Q F1(pattern)2.5 E F0(The return status is 0 unless no command matches)144 727.2 Q F1 -(pattern)3.75 E F0(.).24 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E -(65)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(pattern)3.75 E F0(.).24 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 +E(65)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 66 66 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -8136,7 +8143,7 @@ E F2(jobspec)4.24 E F0(is supplied.)2.81 E .395(If the)144 703.2 R F1 (with the corre-)3.164 F(sponding process group ID, and e)144 715.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cutes).15 E F2(command)2.7 E F0(passing it)3.27 E F2(ar) 2.83 E(gs)-.37 E F0 2.5(,r).27 G(eturning its e)-2.5 E(xit status.)-.15 -E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(66)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(66)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 67 67 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -8196,88 +8203,91 @@ C(hen)-5.652 E F1(local)3.152 E F0 .652 (d: shell options changed us-).1 F 1.17(ing the)144 309.6 R F1(set)3.67 E F0 -.2(bu)3.67 G 1.171 (iltin inside the function are restored to their original v).2 F 1.171 -(alues when the function re-)-.25 F 2.888(turns. W)144 321.6 R .388 -(ith no operands,)-.4 F F1(local)2.888 E F0 .388 -(writes a list of local v)2.888 F .388(ariables to the standard output.) --.25 F .387(It is an error)5.387 F .332(to use)144 333.6 R F1(local) -2.832 E F0 .332(when not within a function.)2.832 F .332 -(The return status is 0 unless)5.332 F F1(local)2.832 E F0 .332 -(is used outside a func-)2.832 F(tion, an in)144 345.6 Q -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid).25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is supplied, or)2.68 E F2(name)2.5 E F0 -(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(logout)108 362.4 Q F0 -(Exit a login shell.)144 362.4 Q F1(map\214le)108 379.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +(alues when the function re-)-.25 F 3.381(turns. The)144 321.6 R .881 +(restore is ef)3.381 F .881(fected as if a series of)-.25 F F1(set)3.381 +E F0 .88(commands were e)3.38 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .88 +(cuted to restore the v).15 F(alues)-.25 E .787 +(that were in place before the function.)144 333.6 R -.4(Wi)5.788 G .788 +(th no operands,).4 F F1(local)3.288 E F0 .788(writes a list of local v) +3.288 F .788(ariables to)-.25 F .655(the standard output.)144 345.6 R +.654(It is an error to use)5.655 F F1(local)3.154 E F0 .654 +(when not within a function.)3.154 F .654(The return status is 0)5.654 F +(unless)144 357.6 Q F1(local)2.5 E F0(is used outside a function, an in) +2.5 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is supplied, or)2.68 E +F2(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F1(logout)108 +374.4 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)144 374.4 Q F1(map\214le)108 391.2 Q F0 +([)2.5 E F1<ad64>A F2(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5 E F2(count) +2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad73> +-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75> +-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E +F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E +(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F1 -.18(re)108 403.2 S(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1 <ad64>A F2(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5 (][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad73>-2.5 E F2 (count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2 (fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad43>-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][) C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(])A F1 -.18(re)108 391.2 S(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1<ad64>A F2(delim) -2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6e>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad4f>-2.5 -E F2(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad73>-2.5 E F2(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C -F1<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad75>-2.5 E F2(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1 -<ad43>-2.5 E F2(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad63>-2.5 E F2 -(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A .159 -(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 403.2 R -.15(xe) --.15 G 2.659(da).15 G .159(rray v)-2.659 F(ariable)-.25 E F2(arr)2.989 E -(ay)-.15 E F0 2.659(,o).32 G 2.658(rf)-2.659 G .158 -(rom \214le descriptor)-2.658 F F2(fd)4.628 E F0 1.248(if the)144 415.2 -R F1<ad75>3.748 E F0 1.248(option is supplied.)3.748 F 1.249(The v)6.249 +(])A .158(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 415.2 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G 2.659(da).15 G .159(rray v)-2.659 F(ariable)-.25 E F2 +(arr)2.989 E(ay)-.15 E F0 2.659(,o).32 G 2.659(rf)-2.659 G .159 +(rom \214le descriptor)-2.659 F F2(fd)4.629 E F0 1.249(if the)144 427.2 +R F1<ad75>3.749 E F0 1.249(option is supplied.)3.749 F 1.249(The v)6.249 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 -E F2(arr)3.749 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.249(.O)C 1.249(ptions, if supplied,) --6.249 F(ha)144 427.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad64>144 439.2 Q F0 .911 -(The \214rst character of)180 439.2 R F2(delim)3.411 E F0 .911 -(is used to terminate each input line, rather than ne)3.411 F 3.41 -(wline. If)-.25 F F2(delim)180 451.2 Q F0(is the empty string,)2.5 E F1 +E F2(arr)3.748 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.248(.O)C 1.248(ptions, if supplied,) +-6.248 F(ha)144 439.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad64>144 451.2 Q F0 .91 +(The \214rst character of)180 451.2 R F2(delim)3.41 E F0 .911 +(is used to terminate each input line, rather than ne)3.41 F 3.411 +(wline. If)-.25 F F2(delim)180 463.2 Q F0(is the empty string,)2.5 E F1 (map\214le)2.5 E F0(will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character) -2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad6e>144 463.2 Q F0(Cop)180 463.2 Q 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5 +2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1<ad6e>144 475.2 Q F0(Cop)180 475.2 Q 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5 (tm)-2.5 G(ost)-2.5 E F2(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 F F2(count) -2.5 E F0(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F1<ad4f>144 475.2 Q F0(Be)180 -475.2 Q(gin assigning to)-.15 E F2(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 +2.5 E F0(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F1<ad4f>144 487.2 Q F0(Be)180 +487.2 Q(gin assigning to)-.15 E F2(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 E(x)-.15 E F2(origin)2.73 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def)-5 E(ault inde)-.1 E -2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F1<ad73>144 487.2 Q F0 -(Discard the \214rst)180 487.2 Q F2(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F1 -<ad74>144 499.2 Q F0(Remo)180 499.2 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing).15 +2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F1<ad73>144 499.2 Q F0 +(Discard the \214rst)180 499.2 Q F2(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F1 +<ad74>144 511.2 Q F0(Remo)180 511.2 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing).15 E F2(delim)2.5 E F0(\(def)2.5 E(ault ne)-.1 E -(wline\) from each line read.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144 511.2 Q F0 -(Read lines from \214le descriptor)180 511.2 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 -(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F1<ad43>144 523.2 Q F0(Ev)180 -523.2 Q(aluate)-.25 E F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F2 +(wline\) from each line read.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144 523.2 Q F0 +(Read lines from \214le descriptor)180 523.2 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 +(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F1<ad43>144 535.2 Q F0(Ev)180 +535.2 Q(aluate)-.25 E F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F2 (quantum)2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 E F0 -(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.75 E F0(.).32 E F1<ad63>144 535.2 -Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)180 535.2 Q -F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 552 Q F1<ad43>2.967 E F0 .467 +(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.75 E F0(.).32 E F1<ad63>144 547.2 +Q F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)180 547.2 Q +F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 564 Q F1<ad43>2.968 E F0 .467 (is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F1<ad63>2.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467 (he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F2 (callbac)2.967 E(k)-.2 E F0 .467(is e)2.967 F -.25(va)-.25 G .467 -(luated, it is sup-).25 F .262(plied the inde)144 564 R 2.762(xo)-.15 G -2.762(ft)-2.762 G .262(he ne)-2.762 F .261(xt array element to be assig\ -ned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .274 -(as additional ar)144 576 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.274 E(k)-.2 E -F0 .274(is e)2.774 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274 -(luated after the line is read b).25 F .275 -(ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 588 Q -(If not supplied with an e)144 604.8 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F1 +(luated, it is sup-).25 F .261(plied the inde)144 576 R 2.761(xo)-.15 G +2.761(ft)-2.761 G .261(he ne)-2.761 F .262(xt array element to be assig\ +ned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .275 +(as additional ar)144 588 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.275 E(k)-.2 E +F0 .275(is e)2.775 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274 +(luated after the line is read b).25 F .274 +(ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 600 Q +(If not supplied with an e)144 616.8 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F1 (map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 621.6 Q F0 .797 -(returns successfully unless an in)3.298 F -.25(va)-.4 G .797 +(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 633.6 Q F0 .797 +(returns successfully unless an in)3.297 F -.25(va)-.4 G .797 (lid option or option ar).25 F .797(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F2(arr) -3.297 E(ay)-.15 E F0 .797(is in-)3.297 F -.25(va)144 633.6 S +3.297 E(ay)-.15 E F0 .798(is in-)3.298 F -.25(va)144 645.6 S (lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 (is not an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E -F1(popd)108 650.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 662.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799 -(se).15 G .299(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.799 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G -.299(th no ar).4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 -G .3(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.479(stack, and performs a)144 -674.4 R F1(cd)3.979 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.979 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479 -(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.478 -(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.778 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.478(he follo).15 -F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 686.4 Q F1<ad6e>144 698.4 Q F0 .551 -(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)180 698.4 R .551 +F1(popd)108 662.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 674.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(se) +.15 G .3(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.8 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299 +(th no ar).4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 G +.299(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.478(stack, and performs a)144 +686.4 R F1(cd)3.978 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.978 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479 +(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.479 +(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.779 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.479(he follo).15 +F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 698.4 Q F1<ad6e>144 710.4 Q F0 .551 +(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)180 710.4 R .551 (ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F -(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 710.4 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(67)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 722.4 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(67)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 68 68 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -8291,240 +8301,241 @@ G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F2(n)2.64 E F0 .14 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0(remo) 2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he \214rst directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 E F3(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E F1<ad>144 108 Q F2(n)A F0(Remo)180 -108 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.759(st).15 G(he)-3.759 E F2(n)3.759 E F0 1.259 -(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.26(wn by)-.25 F F1 -(dirs)3.76 E F0 3.76(,s)C 1.26(tarting with)-3.76 F 2.5(zero. F)180 120 -R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F3(popd -0)2.5 E F0(remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 -G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 E F3(popd -1)2.5 E F0 -(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .644(If the)144 136.8 R F1(popd)3.144 E -F0 .644(command is successful, a)3.144 F F1(dirs)3.143 E F0 .643 -(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.)3.143 F F1(popd)5.643 -E F0 .415(returns f)144 148.8 R .415(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G -.415(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.916 -(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.916 E .416(xistent direc-)-.15 F +108 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he)-3.76 E F2(n)3.76 E F0 1.259 +(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.259(wn by)-.25 F +F1(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)-3.759 F 2.5(zero. F) +180 120 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F3(popd -0)2.5 E F0(remo)2.5 E -.15 +(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 E F3(popd -1)2.5 +E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .643(If the)144 136.8 R F1(popd) +3.143 E F0 .643(command is successful, a)3.143 F F1(dirs)3.143 E F0 .644 +(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.)3.143 F F1(popd)5.644 +E F0 .416(returns f)144 148.8 R .416(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G +.415(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.915 +(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.915 E .415(xistent direc-)-.15 F (tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 160.8 Q (ails.)-.1 E F1(printf)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad76>A F2(var)2.5 E F0 -(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .358 -(Write the formatted)144 189.6 R F2(ar)2.858 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .358 -(to the standard output under the control of the)2.858 F F2(format)2.857 -E F0 5.357(.T)C(he)-5.357 E F1<ad76>2.857 E F0(op-)2.857 E .714 +(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .357 +(Write the formatted)144 189.6 R F2(ar)2.857 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .357 +(to the standard output under the control of the)2.857 F F2(format)2.858 +E F0 5.358(.T)C(he)-5.358 E F1<ad76>2.858 E F0(op-)2.858 E .714 (tion causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 201.6 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(var)3.214 E F0 .714(rather than being printed to the standard)3.214 -F(output.)144 213.6 Q(The)144 237.6 Q F2(format)3.018 E F0 .517(is a ch\ +F(output.)144 213.6 Q(The)144 237.6 Q F2(format)3.017 E F0 .517(is a ch\ aracter string which contains three types of objects: plain characters,\ - which are)3.018 F .704(simply copied to standard output, character esc\ -ape sequences, which are con)144 249.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .704 + which are)3.017 F .704(simply copied to standard output, character esc\ +ape sequences, which are con)144 249.6 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .703 (rted and copied to).15 F .036(the standard output, and format speci\ -\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 261.6 R .036 +\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 261.6 R .037 (xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(ar)144 273.6 Q(gument)-.37 E F0 -5.531(.I)C 3.031(na)-5.531 G .531(ddition to the standard)-3.031 F F2 -(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F1(printf)3.032 -E F0 .532(interprets the follo)3.032 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 285.6 Q +5.532(.I)C 3.032(na)-5.532 G .532(ddition to the standard)-3.032 F F2 +(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F1(printf)3.031 +E F0 .531(interprets the follo)3.031 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 285.6 Q (xtensions:)-.15 E F1(%b)144 297.6 Q F0(causes)180 297.6 Q F1(printf) -2.596 E F0 .096(to e)2.596 F .096 +2.595 E F0 .096(to e)2.595 F .096 (xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F F2(ar) -2.596 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .095(in the)2.595 F(same w)180 309.6 Q(ay as) +2.596 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .096(in the)2.596 F(same w)180 309.6 Q(ay as) -.1 E F1(echo \255e)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%q)144 321.6 Q F0(causes)180 321.6 Q F1(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)2.51 F F2(ar)2.51 E (gument)-.37 E F0 .01(in a format that can be reused as shell)2.51 F (input.)180 333.6 Q F1(%\()144 345.6 Q F2(datefmt)A F1(\)T)A F0(causes) -180 357.6 Q F1(printf)4.404 E F0 1.904 -(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.404 F F2(datefmt) -4.404 E F0 1.903(as a format)4.404 F .38(string for)180 369.6 R F2 +180 357.6 Q F1(printf)4.403 E F0 1.904 +(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.403 F F2(datefmt) +4.404 E F0 1.904(as a format)4.404 F .381(string for)180 369.6 R F2 (strftime)2.881 E F0 2.881(\(3\). The)B(corresponding)2.881 E F2(ar) 2.881 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .381(is an inte)2.881 F .381 -(ger representing the number)-.15 F .293(of seconds since the epoch.)180 +(ger representing the number)-.15 F .292(of seconds since the epoch.)180 381.6 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.293 H .293(special ar)3.593 F .293(gument v)-.18 F -.293(alues may be used: \2551 represents the)-.25 F .693 +.293(alues may be used: \2551 represents the)-.25 F .694 (current time, and \2552 represents the time the shell w)180 393.6 R -.693(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.194(d. If).1 F .694(no ar) -3.194 F .694(gument is speci-)-.18 F .21(\214ed, con)180 405.6 R -.15 +.693(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.193(d. If).1 F .693(no ar) +3.193 F .693(gument is speci-)-.18 F .21(\214ed, con)180 405.6 R -.15 (ve)-.4 G .21(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.71(sa).15 G 2.71(si)-2.71 G 2.71<66ad>-2.71 G 2.71(1h)-2.71 G .21(ad been gi)-2.71 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.71(n. This).15 F .21(is an e)2.71 F .21(xception to the usual)-.15 F -F1(printf)2.71 E F0(beha)180 417.6 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .901 +F1(printf)2.71 E F0(beha)180 417.6 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .902 (The %b, %q, and %T directi)144 434.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.401(sa).15 G -.901(ll use the \214eld width and precision ar)-3.401 F .902 -(guments from the format)-.18 F .358(speci\214cation and write that man) -144 446.4 R 2.858(yb)-.15 G .357 -(ytes from \(or use that wide a \214eld for\) the e)-2.858 F .357 +.901(ll use the \214eld width and precision ar)-3.401 F .901 +(guments from the format)-.18 F .357(speci\214cation and write that man) +144 446.4 R 2.857(yb)-.15 G .358 +(ytes from \(or use that wide a \214eld for\) the e)-2.857 F .358 (xpanded ar)-.15 F(gument,)-.18 E (which usually contains more characters than the original.)144 458.4 Q -(Ar)144 475.2 Q .463(guments to non-string format speci\214ers are trea\ -ted as C constants, e)-.18 F .464(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F -1.259(minus sign is allo)144 487.2 R 1.259 +(Ar)144 475.2 Q .464(guments to non-string format speci\214ers are trea\ +ted as C constants, e)-.18 F .463(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F +1.258(minus sign is allo)144 487.2 R 1.259 (wed, and if the leading character is a single or double quote, the v) --.25 F 1.258(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 499.2 Q(alue of the follo) --.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 516 Q F2(format)2.514 E F0 -.015(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)2.514 F F2(ar)2.515 E -(guments)-.37 E F0 5.015(.I)C 2.515(ft)-5.015 G(he)-2.515 E F2(format) -2.515 E F0 .015(requires more)2.515 F F2(ar)2.515 E(-)-.2 E(guments)144 -528 Q F0 .566(than are supplied, the e)3.066 F .566 +-.25 F 1.259(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 499.2 Q(alue of the follo) +-.25 E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 516 Q F2(format)2.515 E F0 +.015(is reused as necessary to consume all of the)2.515 F F2(ar)2.515 E +(guments)-.37 E F0 5.015(.I)C 2.514(ft)-5.015 G(he)-2.514 E F2(format) +2.514 E F0 .014(requires more)2.514 F F2(ar)2.514 E(-)-.2 E(guments)144 +528 Q F0 .565(than are supplied, the e)3.065 F .566 (xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .866 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.066(si) -.15 G 3.065(faz)-3.066 G .565(ero v)-3.065 F .565(alue or null string,) +.15 G 3.066(faz)-3.066 G .566(ero v)-3.066 F .566(alue or null string,) -.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 540 Q(The return v)5 E (alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E(ailure.)-.1 E F1(pushd) 108 556.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 2.5(][)C <ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A F1(pushd)108 568.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad6e>A F0 -2.5(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the d\ -irectory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 580.8 R 3.14(wt) --.25 G .64(op of the)-3.14 F .417(stack the current w)144 592.8 R .416 +2.5(][)C F2(dir)-2.5 E F0(])A .64(Adds a directory to the top of the di\ +rectory stack, or rotates the stack, making the ne)144 580.8 R 3.139(wt) +-.25 G .639(op of the)-3.139 F .416(stack the current w)144 592.8 R .416 (orking directory)-.1 F 5.416(.W)-.65 G .416(ith no ar)-5.816 F (guments,)-.18 E F1(pushd)2.916 E F0 -.15(ex)2.916 G .416 -(changes the top tw).15 F 2.916(od)-.1 G(irectories)-2.916 E 1.625 +(changes the top tw).15 F 2.917(od)-.1 G(irectories)-2.917 E 1.625 (and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 604.8 R 6.625 (.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.625 G 1.625(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.925 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.625(he follo).15 F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 616.8 Q F1<ad6e>144 628.8 Q F0 1.811(Suppresses the normal change of directory \ when rotating or adding directories to the)180 628.8 R (stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.)180 640.8 Q F1(+)144 -652.8 Q F2(n)A F0 1.267(Rotates the stack so that the)180 652.8 R F2(n) -3.767 E F0 1.268(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B -1.268(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)180 664.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C +652.8 Q F2(n)A F0 1.268(Rotates the stack so that the)180 652.8 R F2(n) +3.768 E F0 1.267(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B +1.267(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)180 664.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C (tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F1<ad>144 676.8 Q F2(n)A F0 .92(Rotates the stack so that the)180 676.8 R F2(n)3.42 E F0 .92 (th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)180 688.8 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.) --2.5 E F2(dir)144.35 700.8 Q F0(Adds)180 700.8 Q F2(dir)3.137 E F0 .287 -(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.517 F 2.788(wc) --.25 G .288(urrent w)-2.788 F .288(orking directory as)-.1 F +-2.5 E F2(dir)144.35 700.8 Q F0(Adds)180 700.8 Q F2(dir)3.138 E F0 .288 +(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.518 F 2.787(wc) +-.25 G .287(urrent w)-2.787 F .287(orking directory as)-.1 F (if it had been supplied as the ar)180 712.8 Q(gument to the)-.18 E F1 -(cd)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .489(If the)144 729.6 R F1(pushd) -2.989 E F0 .489(command is successful, a)2.989 F F1(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488 -(is performed as well.)2.988 F .488(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F -F1(pushd)2.988 E F0(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(68) -199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(cd)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .488(If the)144 729.6 R F1(pushd) +2.988 E F0 .488(command is successful, a)2.988 F F1(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488 +(is performed as well.)2.988 F .489(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F +F1(pushd)2.989 E F0(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(68) +192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 69 69 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.039 -(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)3.889 E -F0 -.1(fa)4.269 G 3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 F/F2 -10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pushd)3.54 E F0 1.04(returns 0 unless the directory) -3.54 F .847(stack is empty)144 96 R 3.347(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.347 E .847 -(xistent directory stack element is speci\214ed, or the directory chang\ -e to the)-.15 F(speci\214ed ne)144 108 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G -(urrent directory f)-2.5 E(ails.)-.1 E F2(pwd)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 -(\255LP)A F0(])A .844(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 -136.8 R .845(orking directory)-.1 F 5.845(.T)-.65 G .845 -(he pathname printed contains no)-5.845 F .182(symbolic links if the)144 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.04 +(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(dir)3.89 E +F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G 3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 F/F2 +10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pushd)3.539 E F0 1.039 +(returns 0 unless the directory)3.539 F .846(stack is empty)144 96 R +3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent directory stack element is \ +speci\214ed, or the directory change to the)-.15 F(speci\214ed ne)144 +108 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 E(ails.)-.1 E F2(pwd)108 +124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255LP)A F0(])A .845 +(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 136.8 R .845 +(orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844 +(he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144 148.8 R F2<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F2 .181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F2 -(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .181(iltin command is).2 F 3.263 -(enabled. If)144 160.8 R(the)3.263 E F2<ad4c>3.263 E F0 .763 -(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.263 -F .764(The return)5.764 F .405(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ +(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264 +(enabled. If)144 160.8 R(the)3.264 E F2<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763 +(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264 +F .763(The return)5.763 F .405(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 172.8 R -.25(va) -.4 G .405(lid op-).25 F(tion is supplied.)144 184.8 Q F2 -.18(re)108 -201.6 S(ad).18 E F0([)3.816 E F2(\255ers)A F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad61>-3.816 -E F1(aname)3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad64>-3.816 E F1(delim)3.816 E F0 -3.816(][)C F2<ad69>-3.816 E F1(te)3.816 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.816(][)C F2 -<ad6e>-3.816 E F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad4e> --3.817 E F1(nc)3.817 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad70>-3.817 E -F1(pr)3.817 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad74>-3.817 E F1(timeout) -3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad75>-3.817 E F1(fd)3.817 E F0(])A([)108 213.6 +201.6 S(ad).18 E F0([)3.817 E F2(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad61>-3.817 +E F1(aname)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad64>-3.817 E F1(delim)3.817 E F0 +3.817(][)C F2<ad69>-3.817 E F1(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.817(][)C F2 +<ad6e>-3.817 E F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad4e> +-3.816 E F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad70>-3.816 E +F1(pr)3.816 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad74>-3.816 E F1(timeout) +3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad75>-3.816 E F1(fd)3.816 E F0(])A([)108 213.6 Q F1(name)A F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input\ , or from the \214le descriptor)144 225.6 R F1(fd)3.016 E F0 .516 -(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 237.6 Q F2 -<ad75>2.935 E F0 .435(option, split into w)2.935 F .435 +(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 237.6 Q F2 +<ad75>2.936 E F0 .436(option, split into w)2.936 F .435 (ords as described abo)-.1 F .735 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 -.75 -(Wo)2.935 G .435(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.935(,a)C .436(nd the \214rst w) --2.935 F .436(ord is as-)-.1 F .376(signed to the \214rst)144 249.6 R F1 -(name)3.236 E F0 2.876(,t).18 G .376(he second w)-2.876 F .376 +(Wo)2.935 G .435(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.935(,a)C .435(nd the \214rst w) +-2.935 F .435(ord is as-)-.1 F .375(signed to the \214rst)144 249.6 R F1 +(name)3.235 E F0 2.876(,t).18 G .376(he second w)-2.876 F .376 (ord to the second)-.1 F F1(name)3.236 E F0 2.876(,a).18 G .376 -(nd so on.)-2.876 F .375(If there are more w)5.376 F(ords)-.1 E .236 +(nd so on.)-2.876 F .376(If there are more w)5.376 F(ords)-.1 E .237 (than names, the remaining w)144 261.6 R .237(ords and their interv)-.1 -F .237(ening delimiters are assigned to the last)-.15 F F1(name)3.097 E -F0 5.237(.I).18 G(f)-5.237 E .875(there are fe)144 273.6 R .875(wer w) +F .237(ening delimiters are assigned to the last)-.15 F F1(name)3.096 E +F0 5.236(.I).18 G(f)-5.236 E .874(there are fe)144 273.6 R .874(wer w) -.25 F .875(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining n\ -ames are assigned)-.1 F .517(empty v)144 285.6 R 3.017(alues. The)-.25 F -.517(characters in)3.017 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.017 E F0 .518 -(are used to split the line into w)2.767 F .518 -(ords using the same rules the)-.1 F .027(shell uses for e)144 297.6 R +ames are assigned)-.1 F .518(empty v)144 285.6 R 3.018(alues. The)-.25 F +.518(characters in)3.018 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.018 E F0 .518 +(are used to split the line into w)2.768 F .517 +(ords using the same rules the)-.1 F .026(shell uses for e)144 297.6 R .026(xpansion \(described abo)-.15 F .326 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 -.75(Wo)2.526 G .026(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.526(\). The)B .026 -(backslash character \()2.526 F F2(\\)A F0 2.526(\)m)C(ay)-2.526 E .488 +(backslash character \()2.526 F F2(\\)A F0 2.527(\)m)C(ay)-2.527 E .489 (be used to remo)144 309.6 R .788 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .788 -.15(ny s).15 H .488(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .488 -(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F(Op-)5.489 E +(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F(Op-)5.488 E (tions, if supplied, ha)144 321.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 333.6 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.026 +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 333.6 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.025 (The w)180 345.6 R 1.026 (ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v)-.1 F(ariable) --.25 E F1(aname)3.855 E F0 3.525(,s).18 G 1.025(tarting at 0.)-3.525 F +-.25 E F1(aname)3.856 E F0 3.526(,s).18 G 1.026(tarting at 0.)-3.526 F F1(aname)180.33 357.6 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E F1(name)2.5 E F0 (ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F2<ad64>144 369.6 Q F1(delim)2.5 E -F0 .28(The \214rst character of)180 381.6 R F1(delim)2.78 E F0 .281 -(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.78 F 2.781 -(wline. If)-.25 F F1(de-)2.781 E(lim)180 393.6 Q F0 -(is the empty string,)2.5 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 +F0 .281(The \214rst character of)180 381.6 R F1(delim)2.781 E F0 .281 +(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.781 F 2.78 +(wline. If)-.25 F F1(de-)2.78 E(lim)180 393.6 Q F0(is the empty string,) +2.5 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 (will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2 -<ad65>144 405.6 Q F0 .373 +<ad65>144 405.6 Q F0 .372 (If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 405.6 R F2 -.18 -(re)2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.872 E F0(abo) -2.622 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.872(\)i).15 G 2.872(su)-2.872 G(sed)-2.872 E +(re)2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo) +2.623 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218(to obtain the line.)180 417.6 R .218 (Readline uses the current \(or def)5.218 F .218 (ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F(viously)-.25 E (acti)180 429.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G(diting settings, b)-2.5 E (ut uses Readline')-.2 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ef)-2.5 E (ault \214lename completion.)-.1 E F2<ad69>144 441.6 Q F1(te)2.5 E(xt) --.2 E F0(If)180 441.6 Q F2 -.18(re)2.716 G(adline).18 E F0 .216 -(is being used to read the line,)2.716 F F1(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216 -(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .215(fer before edit-) +-.2 E F0(If)180 441.6 Q F2 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216 +(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F1(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216 +(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .216(fer before edit-) -.25 F(ing be)180 453.6 Q(gins.)-.15 E F2<ad6e>144 465.6 Q F1(nc)2.5 E -(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F2 -.18(re)180 477.6 S(ad).18 E F0 .322 -(returns after reading)2.822 F F1(nc)2.823 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .323 +(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F2 -.18(re)180 477.6 S(ad).18 E F0 .323 +(returns after reading)2.823 F F1(nc)2.823 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .323 (characters rather than w)2.823 F .323 (aiting for a complete line of in-)-.1 F(put, b)180 489.6 Q (ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2 <ad4e>144 501.6 Q F1(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F2 -.18(re)180 513.6 S -(ad).18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.77 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(nc) +(ad).18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(nc) 3.769 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F -1.269(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .274 +1.27(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275 (line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 525.6 R F2 -.18(re) -2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .275(times out.)2.775 F .275 -(Delimiter characters encoun-)5.275 F 1.003 +2.775 G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274 +(Delimiter characters encoun-)5.274 F 1.002 (tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 537.6 -R F2 -.18(re)3.502 G(ad).18 E F0 1.002(to return until)3.502 F F1(nc) -3.502 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .608(characters are read.)180 549.6 R .608 -(The result is not split on the characters in)5.608 F F2(IFS)3.108 E F0 -3.108(;t)C .609(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 561.6 S .67 +R F2 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F1(nc) +3.503 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .609(characters are read.)180 549.6 R .608 +(The result is not split on the characters in)5.609 F F2(IFS)3.108 E F0 +3.108(;t)C .608(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 561.6 S .669 (riable is assigned e).25 F .669 -(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .669 +(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .67 (xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F2<ad72>180 573.6 Q F0 (option belo)2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F2<ad70>144 585.6 Q F1(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 -E F0(Display)180 597.6 Q F1(pr)3.66 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161 -(on standard error)3.66 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne) +E F0(Display)180 597.6 Q F1(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161 +(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne) -3.661 F 1.161(wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 609.6 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5(nput. The)-2.5 F (prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F2 -<ad72>144 621.6 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character) -180 621.6 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543 -(he backslash is considered to be part of)-5.543 F .492(the line.)180 -633.6 R .492(In particular)5.492 F 2.992(,ab)-.4 G(ackslash-ne)-2.992 E +<ad72>144 621.6 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character) +180 621.6 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544 +(he backslash is considered to be part of)-5.543 F .493(the line.)180 +633.6 R .493(In particular)5.493 F 2.993(,ab)-.4 G(ackslash-ne)-2.993 E .493(wline pair may not then be used as a line continua-)-.25 F(tion.) 180 645.6 Q F2<ad73>144 657.6 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 657.6 Q (If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F2 -<ad74>144 669.6 Q F1(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 681.6 Q F2 -.18(re)2.929 -G(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.929 F .428 -(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .56 +<ad74>144 669.6 Q F1(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 681.6 Q F2 -.18(re)2.928 +G(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.928 F .428 +(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .561 (ber of characters\) is not read within)180 693.6 R F1(timeout)3.061 E -F0(seconds.)3.061 E F1(timeout)5.561 E F0 .561(may be a decimal number) +F0(seconds.)3.061 E F1(timeout)5.561 E F0 .56(may be a decimal number) 3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 705.6 Q (wing the decimal point.)-.25 E(This option is only ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is readin\ g input from a terminal, pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 -717.6 R .506(fect when reading)-.25 F .59(from re)180 729.6 R .59 -(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.59 E F2 -.18(re)3.09 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 -(times out,)3.09 F F2 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)-.2 -G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .589 +717.6 R .505(fect when reading)-.25 F .589(from re)180 729.6 R .589 +(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.589 E F2 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 +(times out,)3.089 F F2 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve) +-.2 G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .59 (artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(69)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(69)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 70 70 %%BeginPageSetup BP @@ -8540,1499 +8551,1505 @@ G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately)2.77 F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27 1.12(on-zero other)-3.62 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. The)180 108 R -.15(ex)2.5 G (it status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e).15 E(xceeded.)-.15 E F2<ad75>144 120 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 -120 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .476(If no)144 136.8 R F1(names)3.336 E F0 .476 -(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)3.246 F(ariable)-.25 E -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)2.977 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A -F0 .477(The e)4.977 F .477(xit status is zero,)-.15 F .773 -(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 148.8 R F2 -.18(re)3.273 G(ad) -.18 E F0 .772 -(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a)3.273 F --.25(va)144 160.8 S .852 -(riable assignment error \(such as assigning to a readonly v).25 F .853 -(ariable\) occurs, or an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .853(lid \214le de-).25 -F(scriptor is supplied as the ar)144 172.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F2<ad75> -2.5 E F0(.)A F2 -.18(re)108 189.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aAf)A -F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(wor)A -(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 201.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -(n).15 E F1(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v) --.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 F F1(names)3.63 E F0 .77 -(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144 213.6 R -1.096(If the)6.096 F F2<ad66>3.596 E F0 1.097 -(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F1 -(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 225.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) +120 Q F1(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .522(If no)144 136.8 R F1(names)3.382 E F0 .522 +(are supplied, the line read, without the ending delimiter b)3.292 F +.522(ut otherwise unmodi\214ed, is)-.2 F 1.186(assigned to the v)144 +148.8 R(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)3.686 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.186(The e)5.686 F 1.186 +(xit status is zero, unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)-.15 F F2 -.18 +(re)3.687 G(ad).18 E F0 .961 +(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a v)144 +160.8 R .96(ariable assignment error \(such as as-)-.25 F .706 +(signing to a readonly v)144 172.8 R .706(ariable\) occurs, or an in) +-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .706(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar) +.25 F .707(gument to)-.18 F F2<ad75>144 184.8 Q F0(.)A F2 -.18(re)108 +201.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F2(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad70>-2.5 E +F0 2.5(][)C F1(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..]) +-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 213.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F1(names)3.27 E F0 +.77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 +F F1(names)3.63 E F0 .77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096 +(quent assignment.)144 225.6 R 1.096(If the)6.096 F F2<ad66>3.596 E F0 +1.097(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F1 +(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 237.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) -.1 F F2<ad61>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834 (ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the) -3.334 F F2<ad41>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-) --.25 E .776(ables to associati)144 237.6 R 1.076 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.276 +-.25 E .776(ables to associati)144 249.6 R 1.076 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.276 (rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.276 F F2<ad41>3.277 E F0(tak)3.277 E .777(es precedence.)-.1 F .777(If no)5.777 F F1(name) -3.637 E F0(ar)3.457 E(gu-)-.18 E .522(ments are gi)144 249.6 R -.15(ve) +3.637 E F0(ar)3.457 E(gu-)-.18 E .522(ments are gi)144 261.6 R -.15(ve) -.25 G .521(n, or if the).15 F F2<ad70>3.021 E F0 .521 (option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.021 F .521(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \ -to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 261.6 R(The)5.296 E F2 +to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 273.6 R(The)5.296 E F2 <ad70>2.796 E F0(option)2.796 E .786 (causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.) -144 273.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .785(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 -285.6 Q .717(wed by =)-.25 F F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) +144 285.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .785(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 +297.6 Q .717(wed by =)-.25 F F1(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) -3.218 F .718(alue of the v)-.25 F .718(ariable is set to)-.25 F F1(wor) 3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718(he return status is 0 unless an in) -5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26(option is encountered, one of the) -144 297.6 R F1(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v) +144 309.6 R F1(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v) -.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F F2<ad66>2.76 E F0 .26 -(is supplied with a)2.76 F F1(name)144.36 309.6 Q F0 -(that is not a function.)2.68 E F2 -.18(re)108 326.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 -E F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A .02(Causes a function to stop e)144 338.4 R +(is supplied with a)2.76 F F1(name)144.36 321.6 Q F0 +(that is not a function.)2.68 E F2 -.18(re)108 338.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 +E F0([)2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A .02(Causes a function to stop e)144 350.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 (alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F1(n)2.881 E F0 .021(to its caller)2.761 F 5.021(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.021 E F1(n)2.881 E F0 .021(is omitted,)2.761 F .597 -(the return status is that of the last command e)144 350.4 R -.15(xe) +(the return status is that of the last command e)144 362.4 R -.15(xe) -.15 G .596(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.596(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.596 E F2 -.18(re)3.096 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .596(is e)3.096 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G(cuted).15 E .267(by a trap handler)144 362.4 R 2.767(,t)-.4 G .267 +G(cuted).15 E .267(by a trap handler)144 374.4 R 2.767(,t)-.4 G .267 (he last command used to determine the status is the last command e) -2.767 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .268(cuted be-).15 F .02(fore the trap handler) -144 374.4 R 5.02(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F2 -.18(re)2.52 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 +144 386.4 R 5.02(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F2 -.18(re)2.52 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .02(is e)2.52 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuted during a).15 F F2(DEB)2.52 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .02(trap, the last command used to deter)2.52 F(-)-.2 E -.885(mine the status is the last command e)144 386.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.885(mine the status is the last command e)144 398.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .886(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F2 -.18(re)3.386 G(tur).18 E (n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)3.386 G 3.386(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-3.386 H -.1(ke) -.4 G 3.386(d. If).1 F F2 -.18(re)144 398.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .628 +.4 G 3.386(d. If).1 F F2 -.18(re)144 410.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .628 (is used outside a function, b)3.128 F .628(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe) -.15 G .628(cution of a script by the).15 F F2(.)3.127 E F0(\()5.627 E F2(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.127(\)c)C .627(ommand, it)-3.127 F .588 -(causes the shell to stop e)144 410.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .588 +(causes the shell to stop e)144 422.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .588 (cuting that script and return either).15 F F1(n)3.448 E F0 .589 (or the e)3.329 F .589(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .326(mand e) -144 422.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .326(cuted within the script as the e).15 F +144 434.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .326(cuted within the script as the e).15 F .326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F1(n)2.826 E F0 .325 (is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .325(alue is)-.25 F .444 -(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 434.4 R .444 +(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 446.4 R .444 (The return status is non-zero if)5.444 F F2 -.18(re)2.945 G(tur).18 E (n)-.15 E F0 .445(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.945 F(gu-)-.18 E .381 -(ment, or is used outside a function and not during e)144 446.4 R -.15 +(ment, or is used outside a function and not during e)144 458.4 R -.15 (xe)-.15 G .381(cution of a script by).15 F F2(.)2.881 E F0(or)3.714 E F2(sour)2.881 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.38(.A)C .68 -.15(ny c)-5.38 H(om-).15 E -.749(mand associated with the)144 458.4 R F2(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749 +.749(mand associated with the)144 470.4 R F2(RETURN)3.249 E F0 .749 (trap is e)3.249 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .749(cuted before e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G .75(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 470.4 Q F2 -(set)108 487.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C +G .75(cution resumes after the function).15 F(or script.)144 482.4 Q F2 +(set)108 499.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad6f>-2.5 E F1(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E -F0(...])2.5 E F2(set)108 499.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 +F0(...])2.5 E F2(set)108 511.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(+o)-2.5 E F1(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(ar)-2.5 E -(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 511.2 S .836 +(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 523.2 S .836 (thout options, the name and v).4 F .835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F .835(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 -(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 523.2 +(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 535.2 R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .784 -(riables cannot be).25 F 2.947(reset. In)144 535.2 R F1 .447(posix mode) +(riables cannot be).25 F 2.947(reset. In)144 547.2 R F1 .447(posix mode) 2.947 F F0 2.947(,o)C .447(nly shell v)-2.947 F .447 (ariables are listed.)-.25 F .447 (The output is sorted according to the current)5.447 F 3.53 -(locale. When)144 547.2 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.53 F +(locale. When)144 559.2 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.53 F 3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.531(utes. An) -.2 F 3.531(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.531 G 1.031(uments remaining).18 F .585 -(after option processing are treated as v)144 559.2 R .584 +(after option processing are treated as v)144 571.2 R .584 (alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in or)-.25 F(-) --.2 E(der)144 571.2 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F2($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F2($2)2.5 +-.2 E(der)144 583.2 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F2($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F2($2)2.5 E F0(,)A F2 2.5(... $)2.5 F F1(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha) -5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 -583.2 Q F0 1.377(Each v)184 583.2 R 1.377 +595.2 Q F0 1.377(Each v)184 595.2 R 1.377 (ariable or function that is created or modi\214ed is gi)-.25 F -.15(ve) -.25 G 3.877(nt).15 G 1.377(he e)-3.877 F 1.378(xport attrib)-.15 F -1.378(ute and)-.2 F(mark)184 595.2 Q(ed for e)-.1 E(xport to the en)-.15 -E(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F2<ad62>144 607.2 Q F0 .132 -(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)184 607.2 R +1.378(ute and)-.2 F(mark)184 607.2 Q(ed for e)-.1 E(xport to the en)-.15 +E(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F2<ad62>144 619.2 Q F0 .132 +(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)184 619.2 R 2.632(,r)-.65 G .131(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E -(primary prompt.)184 619.2 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) --.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F2<ad65>144 631.2 Q F0 -.087(Exit immediately if a)184 631.2 R F1(pipeline)2.587 E F0 .087 +(primary prompt.)184 631.2 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) +-.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F2<ad65>144 643.2 Q F0 +.087(Exit immediately if a)184 643.2 R F1(pipeline)2.587 E F0 .087 (\(which may consist of a single)2.587 F F1 .088(simple command)2.588 F -F0 .088(\), a)B F1(list)2.588 E F0 2.588(,o)C(r)-2.588 E(a)184 643.2 Q +F0 .088(\), a)B F1(list)2.588 E F0 2.588(,o)C(r)-2.588 E(a)184 655.2 Q F1 1.521(compound command)4.021 F F0(\(see)4.021 E F3 1.521 (SHELL GRAMMAR)4.021 F F0(abo)3.771 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.521(\), e).15 F 1.521(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 F .079(The shell does not e)184 -655.2 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F .08 -(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 667.2 Q +667.2 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F .08 +(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 679.2 Q 1.655(wing a)-.25 F F2(while)4.155 E F0(or)4.155 E F2(until)4.155 E F0 -.1(ke)4.155 G(yw)-.05 E 1.655(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F 1.654 (wing the)-.25 F F2(if)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F2(elif)4.154 E F0(reserv) -4.154 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 679.2 S .581(rds, part of an).1 F 3.081(yc) +4.154 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 691.2 S .581(rds, part of an).1 F 3.081(yc) -.15 G .581(ommand e)-3.081 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F2 (&&)3.081 E F0(or)3.081 E F2(||)3.081 E F0 .582(list e)3.082 F .582 -(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .918(the \214nal)184 691.2 R +(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .918(the \214nal)184 703.2 R F2(&&)3.418 E F0(or)3.418 E F2(||)3.418 E F0 3.418(,a)C 1.218 -.15(ny c) -3.418 H .918(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .917 (ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.417(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.417 E --.25(va)184 703.2 S .66(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .66 +-.25(va)184 715.2 S .66(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .66 (rted with).15 F F2(!)3.16 E F0 5.661(.I)C 3.161(fac)-5.661 G .661 (ompound command other than a subshell returns a)-3.161 F 1.113 -(non-zero status because a command f)184 715.2 R 1.112(ailed while)-.1 F +(non-zero status because a command f)184 727.2 R 1.112(ailed while)-.1 F F2<ad65>3.612 E F0 -.1(wa)3.612 G 3.612(sb).1 G 1.112 -(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .177(not e)184 727.2 R 2.677 -(xit. A)-.15 F .177(trap on)2.677 F F2(ERR)2.677 E F0 2.677(,i)C 2.678 -(fs)-2.677 G .178(et, is e)-2.678 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .178 -(cuted before the shell e).15 F 2.678(xits. This)-.15 F .178 -(option applies to)2.678 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E -(70)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(70)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 71 71 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .618(the shell en) -184 84 R .617(vironment and each subshell en)-.4 F .617 -(vironment separately \(see)-.4 F/F1 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .617 -(COMMAND EXE-)3.117 F .642(CUTION ENVIR)184 96 R(ONMENT)-.27 E F0(abo) -2.893 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .643(\), and may cause subshells to e).15 F .643 -(xit before e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .643(cuting all).15 F -(the commands in the subshell.)184 108 Q .999 -(If a compound command or shell function e)184 126 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .999 -(cutes in a conte).15 F .998(xt where)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad65> -3.498 E F0 .998(is being ig-)3.498 F .089(nored, none of the commands e) -184 138 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .089 -(cuted within the compound command or function body).15 F .503 -(will be af)184 150 R .503(fected by the)-.25 F F2<ad65>3.002 E F0 .502 -(setting, e)3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.002(ni).15 G(f)-3.002 E F2<ad65> -3.002 E F0 .502(is set and a command returns a f)3.002 F .502 -(ailure sta-)-.1 F 4.183(tus. If)184 162 R 4.183(ac)4.183 G 1.683 -(ompound command or shell function sets)-4.183 F F2<ad65>4.184 E F0 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .177(not e)184 84 +R 2.677(xit. A)-.15 F .177(trap on)2.677 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(ERR) +2.677 E F0 2.677(,i)C 2.678(fs)-2.677 G .178(et, is e)-2.678 F -.15(xe) +-.15 G .178(cuted before the shell e).15 F 2.678(xits. This)-.15 F .178 +(option applies to)2.678 F .618(the shell en)184 96 R .617 +(vironment and each subshell en)-.4 F .617(vironment separately \(see) +-.4 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF .617(COMMAND EXE-)3.117 F .642(CUTION ENVIR) +184 108 R(ONMENT)-.27 E F0(abo)2.893 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .643 +(\), and may cause subshells to e).15 F .643(xit before e)-.15 F -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .643(cuting all).15 F(the commands in the subshell.)184 120 Q +.999(If a compound command or shell function e)184 138 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.999(cutes in a conte).15 F .998(xt where)-.15 F F1<ad65>3.498 E F0 .998 +(is being ig-)3.498 F .089(nored, none of the commands e)184 150 R -.15 +(xe)-.15 G .089(cuted within the compound command or function body).15 F +.503(will be af)184 162 R .503(fected by the)-.25 F F1<ad65>3.002 E F0 +.502(setting, e)3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.002(ni).15 G(f)-3.002 E F1 +<ad65>3.002 E F0 .502(is set and a command returns a f)3.002 F .502 +(ailure sta-)-.1 F 4.183(tus. If)184 174 R 4.183(ac)4.183 G 1.683 +(ompound command or shell function sets)-4.183 F F1<ad65>4.184 E F0 1.684(while e)4.184 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.684(cuting in a conte).15 F(xt) --.15 E(where)184 174 Q F2<ad65>3.154 E F0 .654 +-.15 E(where)184 186 Q F1<ad65>3.154 E F0 .654 (is ignored, that setting will not ha)3.154 F .953 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .953 -.15(ny e).15 H -.25(ff).15 G .653(ect until the compound command).25 F -(or the command containing the function call completes.)184 186 Q F2 -<ad66>144 198 Q F0(Disable pathname e)184 198 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F2 -<ad68>144 210 Q F0 .988(Remember the location of commands as the)184 210 +(or the command containing the function call completes.)184 198 Q F1 +<ad66>144 210 Q F0(Disable pathname e)184 210 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 +<ad68>144 222 Q F0 .988(Remember the location of commands as the)184 222 R 3.488(ya)-.15 G .988(re look)-3.488 F .988(ed up for e)-.1 F -.15(xe) --.15 G 3.488(cution. This).15 F .988(is en-)3.488 F(abled by def)184 222 -Q(ault.)-.1 E F2<ad6b>144 234 Q F0 .514(All ar)184 234 R .514 +-.15 G 3.488(cution. This).15 F .988(is en-)3.488 F(abled by def)184 234 +Q(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad6b>144 246 Q F0 .514(All ar)184 246 R .514 (guments in the form of assignment statements are placed in the en)-.18 F .513(vironment for a)-.4 F -(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 246 Q F2 -<ad6d>144 258 Q F0 .148(Monitor mode.)184 258 R .148 +(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 258 Q F1 +<ad6d>144 270 Q F0 .148(Monitor mode.)184 270 R .148 (Job control is enabled.)5.148 F .149(This option is on by def)5.148 F .149(ault for interacti)-.1 F .449 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .651 -(on systems that support it \(see)184 270 R F1 .651(JOB CONTR)3.151 F +(on systems that support it \(see)184 282 R F2 .651(JOB CONTR)3.151 F (OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.901 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.151(\). All).15 F .65 -(processes run in a separate)3.151 F .678(process group.)184 282 R .679 +(processes run in a separate)3.151 F .678(process group.)184 294 R .679 (When a background job completes, the shell prints a line containing it\ -s)5.678 F -.15(ex)184 294 S(it status.).15 E F2<ad6e>144 306 Q F0 .653 -(Read commands b)184 306 R .653(ut do not e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .653 +s)5.678 F -.15(ex)184 306 S(it status.).15 E F1<ad6e>144 318 Q F0 .653 +(Read commands b)184 318 R .653(ut do not e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .653 (cute them.).15 F .652(This may be used to check a shell script for) -5.653 F(syntax errors.)184 318 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 --.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F2<ad6f>144 330 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The)184 342 Q F3(option\255name)2.5 E F0 -(can be one of the follo)2.5 E(wing:)-.25 E F2(allexport)184 354 Q F0 -(Same as)224 366 Q F2<ad61>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(braceexpand)184 378 Q F0 -(Same as)224 390 Q F2<ad42>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(emacs)184 402 Q F0 .089 -(Use an emacs-style command line editing interf)224 402 R 2.589 +5.653 F(syntax errors.)184 330 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 +-.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1<ad6f>144 342 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The)184 354 Q F3(option\255name)2.5 E F0 +(can be one of the follo)2.5 E(wing:)-.25 E F1(allexport)184 366 Q F0 +(Same as)224 378 Q F1<ad61>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(braceexpand)184 390 Q F0 +(Same as)224 402 Q F1<ad42>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(emacs)184 414 Q F0 .089 +(Use an emacs-style command line editing interf)224 414 R 2.589 (ace. This)-.1 F .089(is enabled by def)2.589 F(ault)-.1 E .95 -(when the shell is interacti)224 414 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G .95 -(nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F2(\255\255noediting)3.45 E -F0 2.5(option. This)224 426 R(also af)2.5 E(fects the editing interf) --.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F2(err) -184 438 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)224 438 Q F2<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F2 -(errtrace)184 450 Q F0(Same as)224 450 Q F2<ad45>2.5 E F0(.)A F2 -(functrace)184 462 Q F0(Same as)224 474 Q F2<ad54>2.5 E F0(.)A F2 -(hashall)184 486 Q F0(Same as)224 486 Q F2<ad68>2.5 E F0(.)A F2 -(histexpand)184 498 Q F0(Same as)224 510 Q F2<ad48>2.5 E F0(.)A F2 -(history)184 522 Q F0 .586(Enable command history)224 522 R 3.087(,a) +(when the shell is interacti)224 426 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G .95 +(nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F1(\255\255noediting)3.45 E +F0 2.5(option. This)224 438 R(also af)2.5 E(fects the editing interf) +-.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(err) +184 450 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)224 450 Q F1<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(errtrace)184 462 Q F0(Same as)224 462 Q F1<ad45>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(functrace)184 474 Q F0(Same as)224 486 Q F1<ad54>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(hashall)184 498 Q F0(Same as)224 498 Q F1<ad68>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(histexpand)184 510 Q F0(Same as)224 522 Q F1<ad48>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(history)184 534 Q F0 .586(Enable command history)224 534 R 3.087(,a) -.65 G 3.087(sd)-3.087 G .587(escribed abo)-3.087 F .887 -.15(ve u)-.15 -H(nder).15 E F1(HIST)3.087 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -(.)A F0 .587(This option is)5.087 F(on by def)224 534 Q -(ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F2(ignor)184 -546 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.657(The ef)224 558 R 1.657 +H(nder).15 E F2(HIST)3.087 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF +(.)A F0 .587(This option is)5.087 F(on by def)224 546 Q +(ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(ignor)184 +558 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.657(The ef)224 570 R 1.657 (fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F5 10/Courier@0 SF(IGNOREEOF=10) 4.156 E F0 1.656(had been e)4.156 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E(\(see)224 -570 Q F2(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) -.15 E F2 -.1(ke)184 582 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 594 Q F2 -<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(monitor)184 606 Q F0(Same as)224 606 Q F2<ad6d>2.5 -E F0(.)A F2(noclob)184 618 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 630 Q F2<ad43>2.5 -E F0(.)A F2(noexec)184 642 Q F0(Same as)224 642 Q F2<ad6e>2.5 E F0(.)A -F2(noglob)184 654 Q F0(Same as)224 654 Q F2<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(nolog) -184 666 Q F0(Currently ignored.)224 666 Q F2(notify)184 678 Q F0 -(Same as)224 678 Q F2<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(nounset)184 690 Q F0(Same as) -224 690 Q F2<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(onecmd)184 702 Q F0(Same as)224 702 Q -F2<ad74>2.5 E F0(.)A F2(ph)184 714 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)224 714 Q -F2<ad50>2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(71) -199.835 E 0 Cg EP +582 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) +.15 E F1 -.1(ke)184 594 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 606 Q F1 +<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 618 Q F0(Same as)224 618 Q F1<ad6d>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(noclob)184 630 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 642 Q F1<ad43>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(noexec)184 654 Q F0(Same as)224 654 Q F1<ad6e>2.5 E F0(.)A +F1(noglob)184 666 Q F0(Same as)224 666 Q F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nolog) +184 678 Q F0(Currently ignored.)224 678 Q F1(notify)184 690 Q F0 +(Same as)224 690 Q F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 702 Q F0(Same as) +224 702 Q F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 714 Q F0(Same as)224 714 Q +F1<ad74>2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(71) +192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 72 72 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(pipefail)184 84 Q F0 1.029(If set, the return v)224 84 R 1.029 +SF(ph)184 84 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)224 84 Q F1<ad50>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(pipefail)184 96 Q F0 1.029(If set, the return v)224 96 R 1.029 (alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F 1.03 -(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.137(mand to e)224 96 R +(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.137(mand to e)224 108 R 1.136 (xit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands in the pipeline) --.15 F -.15(ex)224 108 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G -(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 120 Q F0 -2.09(Change the beha)224 120 R 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 +-.15 F -.15(ex)224 120 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G +(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 132 Q F0 +2.09(Change the beha)224 132 R 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091 (fers from the)-.25 F 1.212(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 -132 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 1.212(posix mode)B F0 3.712(\). See)B/F3 9 +144 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 1.212(posix mode)B F0 3.712(\). See)B/F3 9 /Times-Bold@0 SF 1.212(SEE ALSO)3.712 F F0(belo)3.462 E(w)-.25 E .954 -(for a reference to a document that details ho)224 144 R 3.455(wp)-.25 G +(for a reference to a document that details ho)224 156 R 3.455(wp)-.25 G .955(osix mode af)-3.455 F .955(fects bash')-.25 F 3.455(sb)-.55 G(e-) --3.455 E(ha)224 156 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F1(pri)184 168 Q(vileged)-.1 E -F0(Same as)224 180 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 192 S(rbose).1 E -F0(Same as)224 192 Q F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 204 Q F0 .209 -(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)224 204 R 2.709(ace. This) +-3.455 E(ha)224 168 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F1(pri)184 180 Q(vileged)-.1 E +F0(Same as)224 192 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 204 S(rbose).1 E +F0(Same as)224 204 Q F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 216 Q F0 .209 +(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)224 216 R 2.709(ace. This) -.1 F .209(also af)2.709 F .209(fects the editing in-)-.25 F(terf)224 -216 Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1 -(xtrace)184 228 Q F0(Same as)224 228 Q F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 246 Q +228 Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1 +(xtrace)184 240 Q F0(Same as)224 240 Q F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 258 Q F1<ad6f>3.052 E F0 .552(is supplied with no)3.052 F F2(option\255name) 3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .553 (alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.553 E F1(+o)184 -258 Q F0 1.072(is supplied with no)3.572 F F2(option\255name)3.572 E F0 +270 Q F0 1.072(is supplied with no)3.572 F F2(option\255name)3.572 E F0 3.572(,a)C 1.071(series of)-.001 F F1(set)3.571 E F0 1.071 (commands to recreate the current)3.571 F -(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 270 Q F1<ad70> -144 282 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 282 S 1.071(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.821 E -.1 +(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 282 Q F1<ad70> +144 294 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 294 S 1.071(rn on).45 F F2(privile)4.821 E -.1 (ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.341 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F F3($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F3($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)-.27 E F0 1.072 (\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.501 -(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 294 R 1.5 +(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 306 R 1.5 (vironment, and the)-.4 F F3(SHELLOPTS)4 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3 --.27(BA)184 306 S(SHOPTS).27 E F4(,)A F3(CDP)2.774 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H) +-.27(BA)184 318 S(SHOPTS).27 E F4(,)A F3(CDP)2.774 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H) .855 E F4(,)A F0(and)2.774 E F3(GLOBIGNORE)3.024 E F0 -.25(va)2.774 G .524(riables, if the).25 F 3.025(ya)-.15 G .525(ppear in the en)-3.025 F -(vironment,)-.4 E .38(are ignored.)184 318 R .38 +(vironment,)-.4 E .38(are ignored.)184 330 R .38 (If the shell is started with the ef)5.38 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15(ve u) -.25 H .379(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .461 -(user \(group\) id, and the)184 330 R F1<ad70>2.961 E F0 .461 +(user \(group\) id, and the)184 342 R F1<ad70>2.961 E F0 .461 (option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .462 -(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 342 Q .695 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .395 +(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 354 Q .695 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .395 (ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F .395(If the)5.395 F F1<ad70> 2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25 -E -.15(ve)-.25 G .386(user id is not reset.)184 354 R -.45(Tu)5.386 G +E -.15(ve)-.25 G .386(user id is not reset.)184 366 R -.45(Tu)5.386 G .386(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .387(auses the ef)-2.886 F(fecti)-.25 E .687 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .387(ser and group ids to be).15 F -(set to the real user and group ids.)184 366 Q F1<ad74>144 378 Q F0 -(Exit after reading and e)184 378 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting one command.) -.15 E F1<ad75>144 390 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 390 S .044(eat unset v).35 F .044 +(set to the real user and group ids.)184 378 Q F1<ad74>144 390 Q F0 +(Exit after reading and e)184 390 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting one command.) +.15 E F1<ad75>144 402 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 402 S .044(eat unset v).35 F .044 (ariables and parameters other than the special parameters "@" and "*" \ -as an)-.25 F .182(error when performing parameter e)184 402 R 2.682 +as an)-.25 F .182(error when performing parameter e)184 414 R 2.682 (xpansion. If)-.15 F -.15(ex)2.682 G .183 (pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F(ari-)-.25 E .746 -(able or parameter)184 414 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 +(able or parameter)184 426 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 (he shell prints an error message, and, if not interacti)-3.246 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G 3.246(,e).15 G .746(xits with a)-3.396 F(non-zero status.)184 -426 Q F1<ad76>144 438 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)184 438 Q 2.5 -(ya)-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E F1<ad78>144 450 Q F0 .315(After e)184 450 R +438 Q F1<ad76>144 450 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)184 450 Q 2.5 +(ya)-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E F1<ad78>144 462 Q F0 .315(After e)184 462 R .315(xpanding each)-.15 F F2 .315(simple command)2.815 F F0(,)A F1 -.25 (fo)2.815 G(r).25 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E F0(command,) 2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.236(or arithmetic)184 -462 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236(command, display the e)3.736 F +474 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of)-.25 F F3(PS4)3.736 E F4(,)A F0 -(follo)3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 474 Q +(follo)3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 486 Q (xpanded ar)-.15 E(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E F1 -<ad42>144 486 Q F0 1.205(The shell performs brace e)184 486 R 1.205 +<ad42>144 498 Q F0 1.205(The shell performs brace e)184 498 R 1.205 (xpansion \(see)-.15 F F1 1.205(Brace Expansion)3.705 F F0(abo)3.705 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.706(\). This).15 F 1.206(is on by de-)3.706 F -.1(fa) -184 498 S(ult.).1 E F1<ad43>144 510 Q F0 .214(If set,)184 510 R F1(bash) +184 510 S(ult.).1 E F1<ad43>144 522 Q F0 .214(If set,)184 522 R F1(bash) 2.714 E F0 .214(does not o)2.714 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F .214(xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0 2.713(,a)C(nd)-2.713 E F1(<>)2.713 E F0 .213(redirection opera-)2.713 F -3.053(tors. This)184 522 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 +3.053(tors. This)184 534 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 (rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-) -.15 F(tor)184 534 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -<ad45>144 546 Q F0 .104(If set, an)184 546 R 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104 +.15 F(tor)184 546 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +<ad45>144 558 Q F0 .104(If set, an)184 558 R 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104 (rap on)-2.604 F F1(ERR)2.604 E F0 .103 (is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.604 -F .838(mands e)184 558 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .838(cuted in a subshell en).15 +F .838(mands e)184 570 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .838(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 3.338(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .839 -(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 570 Q F1 -<ad48>144 582 Q F0(Enable)184 582 Q F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532 +(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 582 Q F1 +<ad48>144 594 Q F0(Enable)184 594 Q F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532 (style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532 -F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 594 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 606 Q F0 .959 -(If set, the shell does not resolv)184 606 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959 +F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 606 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 618 Q F0 .959 +(If set, the shell does not resolv)184 618 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959 (ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .96 (cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.46 E F0 1.453 -(that change the current w)184 618 R 1.453(orking directory)-.1 F 6.453 +(that change the current w)184 630 R 1.453(orking directory)-.1 F 6.453 (.I)-.65 G 3.952(tu)-6.453 G 1.452(ses the ph)-3.952 F 1.452 -(ysical directory structure in-)-.05 F 3.334(stead. By)184 630 R(def) +(ysical directory structure in-)-.05 F 3.334(stead. By)184 642 R(def) 3.334 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)3.334 E F0(follo)3.334 E .834 (ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F -(mands which change the current directory)184 642 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144 -654 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 654 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 +(mands which change the current directory)184 654 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144 +666 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 666 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 (DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89 (are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932 -(substitutions, and commands e)184 666 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 +(substitutions, and commands e)184 678 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 (cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E -(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 678 Q F0 -(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 690 Q -F0 .401(If no ar)184 690 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G +(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 690 Q F0 +(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 702 Q +F0 .401(If no ar)184 702 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F -(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 702 Q F2 +(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 714 Q F2 (ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G -(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad>144 -714 Q F0 .796(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)184 714 R -F2(ar)3.297 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.297(st)C 3.297(ob)-3.297 G 3.297(ea)-3.297 G -.797(ssigned to the positional pa-)-3.297 F 4.075(rameters. The)184 726 -R F1<ad78>4.075 E F0(and)4.075 E F1<ad76>4.075 E F0 1.575 -(options are turned of)4.075 F 4.075(f. If)-.25 F 1.574(there are no) -4.075 F F2(ar)4.074 E(g)-.37 E F0 1.574(s, the positional)B -(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(72)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A +(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(72)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 73 73 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -(parameters remain unchanged.)184 84 Q .425(The options are of)144 100.8 -R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 -(ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF<ad>144 84 Q F0 .796(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining) +184 84 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)3.297 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.297(st)C 3.297 +(ob)-3.297 G 3.297(ea)-3.297 G .797(ssigned to the positional pa-)-3.297 +F 3.022(rameters. The)184 96 R F1<ad78>3.022 E F0(and)3.022 E F1<ad76> +3.022 E F0 .522(options are turned of)3.022 F 3.022(f. If)-.25 F .522 +(there are no)3.022 F F2(ar)3.022 E(g)-.37 E F0 .521 +(s, the positional pa-)B(rameters remain unchanged.)184 108 Q .425 +(The options are of)144 124.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef) +-2.925 E .425(ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425 (Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178 -(to be turned of)144 112.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178 +(to be turned of)144 136.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178 (options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in) -.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066 -(current set of options may be found in)144 124.8 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF<24ad>2.566 E F0 5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1 -(wa)-.1 G .066(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option) -.25 F(is encountered.)144 136.8 Q F1(shift)108 153.6 Q F0([)2.5 E/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF(n)A F0(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 -165.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0 .429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....) -2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G .428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F -(bers)144 177.6 Q F1($#)2.582 E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#) -2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082 -(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H -.083(umber less than or equal to).15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f) --5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 189.6 -R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06 -(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06 -(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143 -(positional parameters are not changed.)144 201.6 R .144 -(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0 .144 -(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0 -(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 213.6 Q F1(shopt)108 230.4 Q F0([) +(current set of options may be found in)144 148.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 +5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066 +(ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F +(is encountered.)144 160.8 Q F1(shift)108 177.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 189.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0 +.429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G +.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 201.6 Q F1($#)2.582 +E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082 +(+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga) +-.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to) +.15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06 +(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 213.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 +.06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F +(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56 +(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 225.6 R +.144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0 +.144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0 +(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 237.6 Q F1(shopt)108 254.4 Q F0([) 2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname) --2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 242.4 S .64(ggle the v).8 F .639 +-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 266.4 S .64(ggle the v).8 F .639 (alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E 5.639(.T)-.55 G .639(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .374 -(listed belo)144 254.4 R 1.674 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.174 -.4(r, i).65 H +(listed belo)144 278.4 R 1.674 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.174 -.4(r, i).65 H 2.874(ft).4 G(he)-2.874 E F1<ad6f>2.874 E F0 .375 (option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25 F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.875 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.875 G .375(iltin com-).2 F 2.566(mand. W)144 266.4 R .066 +(bu)2.875 G .375(iltin com-).2 F 2.566(mand. W)144 290.4 R .066 (ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F1<ad70>2.566 E F0 .066 (option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an in-)2.566 -F .074(dication of whether or not each is set; if)144 278.4 R F2 +F .074(dication of whether or not each is set; if)144 302.4 R F2 (optnames)2.574 E F0 .074 (are supplied, the output is restricted to those op-)2.574 F 3.105 -(tions. The)144 290.4 R F1<ad70>3.105 E F0 .605(option causes output to\ +(tions. The)144 314.4 R F1<ad70>3.105 E F0 .605(option causes output to\ be displayed in a form that may be reused as input.)3.105 F(Other)5.605 -E(options ha)144 302.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 314.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)180 -314.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 326.4 Q F0 -(Disable \(unset\) each)180 326.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 -338.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\ -tus indicates whether the)180 338.4 R F2(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E -.256(set or unset.)180 350.4 R .256(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756 +E(options ha)144 326.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 338.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)180 +338.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 350.4 Q F0 +(Disable \(unset\) each)180 350.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 +362.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\ +tus indicates whether the)180 362.4 R F2(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E +.256(set or unset.)180 374.4 R .256(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756 E F0(ar)2.756 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G (ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255 -(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F(all)180 362.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E -F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 374.4 Q F0 -(Restricts the v)180 374.4 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0 +(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F(all)180 386.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E +F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 398.4 Q F0 +(Restricts the v)180 398.4 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0 (to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 -E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .624(If either)144 391.2 R F1 +E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .624(If either)144 415.2 R F1 <ad73>3.124 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 .624(is used with no) 3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,)-.18 E F1(shopt)3.124 E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F .984 -(set or unset, respecti)144 403.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.984(.U) +(set or unset, respecti)144 427.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.984(.U) -.65 G .984(nless otherwise noted, the)-5.984 F F1(shopt)3.484 E F0 .983 -(options are disabled \(unset\) by de-)3.483 F -.1(fa)144 415.2 S(ult.) -.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 432 +(options are disabled \(unset\) by de-)3.483 F -.1(fa)144 439.2 S(ult.) +.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 456 R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)4.045 F .696 (When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an) -144 444 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695(alid shell) --.25 F(option.)144 456 Q(The list of)144 472.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 -(options is:)2.5 E F1(assoc_expand_once)144 490.8 Q F0 1.944 -(If set, the shell suppresses multiple e)184 502.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G +144 468 R F2(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695(alid shell) +-.25 F(option.)144 480 Q(The list of)144 496.8 Q F1(shopt)2.5 E F0 +(options is:)2.5 E F1(assoc_expand_once)144 514.8 Q F0 1.944 +(If set, the shell suppresses multiple e)184 526.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.945(luation of associati).25 F 2.245 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.945 -(rray subscripts during).15 F .885(arithmetic e)184 514.8 R .885 +(rray subscripts during).15 F .885(arithmetic e)184 538.8 R .885 (xpression e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .885(luation, while e).25 F -.15(xe) -.15 G .885(cuting b).15 F .885(uiltins that can perform v)-.2 F .885 -(ariable as-)-.25 F(signments, and while e)184 526.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(ariable as-)-.25 F(signments, and while e)184 550.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cuting b).15 E(uiltins that perform array dereferencing.)-.2 E F1 -(autocd)144 538.8 Q F0 .199 -(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 538.8 R +(autocd)144 562.8 Q F0 .199 +(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 562.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E -(ment to the)184 550.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F +(ment to the)184 574.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F (option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F1(cdable_v)144 562.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 574.8 R .156 +F1(cdable_v)144 586.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 598.8 R .156 (gument to the)-.18 F F1(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155 (iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F -(name of a v)184 586.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E -(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 598.8 Q F0 +(name of a v)184 610.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E +(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F1(cdspell)144 622.8 Q F0 1.055 (If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)184 -598.8 R F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988 -(corrected. The)184 610.8 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487 +622.8 R F1(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988 +(corrected. The)184 634.8 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487 (ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a) --.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .77(one character too man)184 622.8 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) +-.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .77(one character too man)184 646.8 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) -.15 H 3.27(fac).65 G .77 (orrection is found, the corrected \214lename is printed, and)-3.27 F -(the command proceeds.)184 634.8 Q +(the command proceeds.)184 658.8 Q (This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F1(checkhash)144 646.8 Q F0 .737(If set,)184 658.8 R F1(bash)3.237 +.15 E F1(checkhash)144 670.8 Q F0 .737(If set,)184 682.8 R F1(bash)3.237 E F0 .736(checks that a command found in the hash table e)3.237 F .736 (xists before trying to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cute it.)184 -670.8 Q(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E -(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 682.8 -Q F0 .448(If set,)184 694.8 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448 +694.8 Q(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E +(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F1(checkjobs)144 706.8 +Q F0 .448(If set,)184 718.8 R F1(bash)2.948 E F0 .448 (lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449 (topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.662(shell. If)184 706.8 R(an)2.662 E 2.661(yj)-.15 G -.161(obs are running, this causes the e)-2.661 F .161 -(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .161(xit is at-)-.15 F 1.472 -(tempted without an interv)184 718.8 R 1.473(ening command \(see)-.15 F -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.473(JOB CONTR)3.973 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)3.723 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 3.973(\). The).15 F 1.473(shell al-)3.973 F -.1(wa)184 -730.8 S(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G -(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(73) -199.835 E 0 Cg EP +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.439(shell. If)184 730.8 R(an)3.439 E 3.439(yj)-.15 G +.938(obs are running, this causes the e)-3.439 F .938 +(xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .938(xit is)-.15 F +(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(73)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 74 74 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(checkwinsize)144 84 Q F0 1.09(If set,)184 96 R F1(bash)3.59 E F0 1.09 -(checks the windo)3.59 F 3.59(ws)-.25 G 1.09(ize after each e)-3.59 F -1.09(xternal \(non-b)-.15 F 1.09(uiltin\) command and, if)-.2 F -(necessary)184 108 Q 3.35(,u)-.65 G .85(pdates the v)-3.35 F .85 -(alues of)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(LINES)3.35 E F0(and)3.1 E F2 -(COLUMNS)3.35 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .85 -(This option is enabled by de-)5.35 F -.1(fa)184 120 S(ult.).1 E F1 -(cmdhist)144 132 Q F0 .173(If set,)184 132 R F1(bash)2.673 E F0 .173 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .816 +(attempted without an interv)184 84 R .816(ening command \(see)-.15 F/F1 +9/Times-Bold@0 SF .817(JOB CONTR)3.316 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)3.067 E -.15 +(ve)-.15 G 3.317(\). The).15 F .817(shell al-)3.317 F -.1(wa)184 96 S +(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G(obs are stopped.) +-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(checkwinsize)144 108 Q F0 1.09(If set,)184 +120 R F2(bash)3.59 E F0 1.09(checks the windo)3.59 F 3.59(ws)-.25 G 1.09 +(ize after each e)-3.59 F 1.09(xternal \(non-b)-.15 F 1.09 +(uiltin\) command and, if)-.2 F(necessary)184 132 Q 3.35(,u)-.65 G .85 +(pdates the v)-3.35 F .85(alues of)-.25 F F1(LINES)3.35 E F0(and)3.1 E +F1(COLUMNS)3.35 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .85 +(This option is enabled by de-)5.35 F -.1(fa)184 144 S(ult.).1 E F2 +(cmdhist)144 156 Q F0 .173(If set,)184 156 R F2(bash)2.673 E F0 .173 (attempts to sa)2.673 F .473 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .172 (ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history en-).15 F(try) -184 144 Q 5.596(.T)-.65 G .597(his allo)-5.596 F .597 +184 168 Q 5.596(.T)-.65 G .597(his allo)-5.596 F .597 (ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 F .597 -(This option is enabled by de-)5.597 F -.1(fa)184 156 S 1.288(ult, b).1 +(This option is enabled by de-)5.597 F -.1(fa)184 180 S 1.288(ult, b).1 F 1.288(ut only has an ef)-.2 F 1.288 (fect if command history is enabled, as described abo)-.25 F 1.587 -.15 -(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(HIST)184 168 Q(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F3(.)A F1 -(compat31)144 180 Q(compat32)144 192 Q(compat40)144 204 Q(compat41)144 -216 Q(compat42)144 228 Q(compat43)144 240 Q(compat44)144 252 Q F0 .889 -(These control aspects of the shell')184 264 R 3.389(sc)-.55 G .889 -(ompatibility mode \(see)-3.389 F F2 .889(SHELL COMP)3.389 F -.855(AT) --.666 G(IBILITY).855 E(MODE)184 276 Q F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F1 -(complete_fullquote)144 292.8 Q F0 .654(If set,)184 304.8 R F1(bash) +(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(HIST)184 192 Q(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F3(.)A F2 +(compat31)144 204 Q(compat32)144 216 Q(compat40)144 228 Q(compat41)144 +240 Q(compat42)144 252 Q(compat43)144 264 Q(compat44)144 276 Q F0 .889 +(These control aspects of the shell')184 288 R 3.389(sc)-.55 G .889 +(ompatibility mode \(see)-3.389 F F1 .889(SHELL COMP)3.389 F -.855(AT) +-.666 G(IBILITY).855 E(MODE)184 300 Q F0(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2 +(complete_fullquote)144 316.8 Q F0 .654(If set,)184 328.8 R F2(bash) 3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metacharacters in \214lenames and dire\ -ctory names when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.524(forming completion.)184 316.8 -R 1.524(If not set,)6.524 F F1(bash)4.024 E F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 +ctory names when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.524(forming completion.)184 340.8 +R 1.524(If not set,)6.524 F F2(bash)4.024 E F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.024(sm).15 G 1.524(etacharacters such as the dollar sign)-4.024 F 2.667(from the set of characters that will be quoted in completed \214l\ -enames when these)184 328.8 R .028(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 -340.8 R .028(ariable references in w)-.25 F .029(ords to be completed.) --.1 F .029(This means)5.029 F 1.073(that dollar signs in v)184 352.8 R +enames when these)184 352.8 R .028(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 +364.8 R .028(ariable references in w)-.25 F .029(ords to be completed.) +-.1 F .029(This means)5.029 F 1.073(that dollar signs in v)184 376.8 R 1.073(ariable names that e)-.25 F 1.073 (xpand to directories will not be quoted; ho)-.15 F(w-)-.25 E -2.15 -.25 -(ev e)184 364.8 T 1.922 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.422 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123 +(ev e)184 388.8 T 1.922 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.422 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123 (ollar signs appearing in \214lenames will not be quoted, either).15 F 6.123(.T)-.55 G 1.123(his is acti)-6.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .59 (only when bash is using backslashes to quote completed \214lenames.)184 -376.8 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 388.8 Q +400.8 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 412.8 Q (ault, which is the def)-.1 E(ault bash beha)-.1 E(vior in v)-.2 E -(ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E F1(dir)144 405.6 Q(expand)-.18 E F0 .486 -(If set,)184 417.6 R F1(bash)2.986 E F0 .486 +(ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E F2(dir)144 429.6 Q(expand)-.18 E F0 .486 +(If set,)184 441.6 R F2(bash)2.986 E F0 .486 (replaces directory names with the results of w)2.986 F .486(ord e)-.1 F .487(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .18(ing \214lename completion.)184 -429.6 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.18 F +453.6 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.18 F (uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.179(.I)-.55 G 2.679(fn)-5.179 G(ot)-2.679 E(set,) -184 441.6 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G -(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 458.4 Q F0 .858(If set,)184 -458.4 R F1(bash)3.358 E F0 .858 +184 465.6 Q F2(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G +(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F2(dirspell)144 482.4 Q F0 .858(If set,)184 +482.4 R F2(bash)3.358 E F0 .858 (attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.358 F .859 (ord completion if)-.1 F -(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 470.4 Q(xist.)-.15 -E F1(dotglob)144 487.2 Q F0 .165(If set,)184 487.2 R F1(bash)2.665 E F0 +(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 494.4 Q(xist.)-.15 +E F2(dotglob)144 511.2 Q F0 .165(If set,)184 511.2 R F2(bash)2.665 E F0 .165(includes \214lenames be)2.665 F .165(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665 ('i)-.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F -(xpansion.)-.15 E(The \214lenames)184 499.2 Q F1 -.63(``)2.5 G -.55(.') -.63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 +(xpansion.)-.15 E(The \214lenames)184 523.2 Q F2 -.63(``)2.5 G -.55(.') +.63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5 E F2 -.63(``)2.5 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 (must al)5.63 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys be matched e).1 E(xplicitly)-.15 E 2.5 -(,e)-.65 G -.15(ve)-2.75 G 2.5(ni).15 G(f)-2.5 E F1(dotglob)2.5 E F0 -(is set.)2.5 E F1(execfail)144 516 Q F0 .516(If set, a non-interacti)184 -516 R .816 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .516(hell will not e).15 F .516 +(,e)-.65 G -.15(ve)-2.75 G 2.5(ni).15 G(f)-2.5 E F2(dotglob)2.5 E F0 +(is set.)2.5 E F2(execfail)144 540 Q F0 .516(If set, a non-interacti)184 +540 R .816 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .516(hell will not e).15 F .516 (xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .517 (cute the \214le speci\214ed as an ar).15 F(-)-.2 E(gument to the)184 -528 Q F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E(An interacti)5 E -.3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 E F1(exec)2.5 E F0 --.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 544.8 Q F0 .717 -(If set, aliases are e)184 556.8 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 F -1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(ALIASES)3.217 E F3(.)A F0 .716 -(This option is enabled)5.217 F(by def)184 568.8 Q(ault for interacti) --.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(extdeb)144 585.6 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 -.17(If set at shell in)184 597.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .17 +552 Q F2(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E(An interacti)5 E +.3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 E F2(exec)2.5 E F0 +-.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F2(expand_aliases)144 568.8 Q F0 .717 +(If set, aliases are e)184 580.8 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 F +1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F1(ALIASES)3.217 E F3(.)A F0 .716 +(This option is enabled)5.217 F(by def)184 592.8 Q(ault for interacti) +-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F2(extdeb)144 609.6 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 +.17(If set at shell in)184 621.6 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .17 (cation, or in a shell startup \214le, arrange to e).2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .17(cute the deb).15 F .17(ugger pro\214le)-.2 F 1.082 -(before the shell starts, identical to the)184 609.6 R F1<adad646562> +(before the shell starts, identical to the)184 633.6 R F2<adad646562> 3.582 E(ugger)-.2 E F0 3.581(option. If)3.581 F 1.081(set after in)3.581 -F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.081(cation, be-).2 F(ha)184 621.6 Q -(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 -638.4 Q F0(The)220 638.4 Q F1<ad46>4.25 E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F -F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751 +F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.081(cation, be-).2 F(ha)184 645.6 Q +(vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F2(1.)184 +662.4 Q F0(The)220 662.4 Q F2<ad46>4.25 E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F +F2(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751 (iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F -(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 650.4 -Q(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 667.2 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the) -220 667.2 R F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v) +(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 674.4 +Q(gument.)-.18 E F2(2.)184 691.2 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the) +220 691.2 R F2(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v) 4.167 F 1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E -(command is skipped and not e)220 679.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1 -(3.)184 696 Q F0 .84(If the command run by the)220 696 R F1(DEB)3.34 E -(UG)-.1 E F0 .841(trap returns a v)3.341 F .841 -(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15(exe)220 708 S .488 -(cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F --.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1 -(sour)220 720 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G -(iltins\), the shell simulates a call to).2 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E -(n)-.15 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(74)199.835 -E 0 Cg EP +(command is skipped and not e)220 703.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E +(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(74)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 75 75 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(4.)184 84 Q/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)220 84 S(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 -(and)3.153 E F2 -.27(BA)3.403 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904 -(are updated as described in their descriptions)3.154 F(abo)220 96 Q --.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 112.8 Q F0 1.637(Function tracing is e\ -nabled: command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)220 112.8 R -(shells in)220 124.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E -F1(\()2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 +SF(3.)184 84 Q F0 .84(If the command run by the)220 84 R F1(DEB)3.34 E +(UG)-.1 E F0 .841(trap returns a v)3.341 F .841 +(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15(exe)220 96 S .488 +(cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F +-.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1 +(sour)220 108 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(iltins\), the shell simulates a call to).2 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0(.)A F1(4.)184 124.8 Q/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)220 +124.8 S(SH_ARGC).27 E F0(and)3.153 E F2 -.27(BA)3.403 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 +.904(are updated as described in their descriptions)3.154 F(abo)220 +136.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 153.6 Q F0 1.637(Function trac\ +ing is enabled: command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)220 +153.6 R(shells in)220 165.6 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith) +-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 (inherit the)2.5 E F1(DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0 -(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)184 141.6 Q F0 1.082(Error tracing is enabled: comm\ -and substitution, shell functions, and subshells)220 141.6 R(in)220 -153.6 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F3 +(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)184 182.4 Q F0 1.082(Error tracing is enabled: comm\ +and substitution, shell functions, and subshells)220 182.4 R(in)220 +194.4 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F3 (command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E F0(trap.) -2.5 E F1(extglob)144 170.4 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)184 170.4 R .4 +2.5 E F1(extglob)144 211.2 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)184 211.2 R .4 (xtended pattern matching features described abo)-.15 F .7 -.15(ve u) --.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 182.4 Q -F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 199.2 Q F0 .86(If set,)184 211.2 R -F1($)3.36 E F0<08>A F3(string)A F0 3.36<0861>C(nd)-3.36 E F1($)3.36 E F0 +-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 223.2 Q +F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 240 Q F0 .86(If set,)184 252 R F1 +($)3.36 E F0<08>A F3(string)A F0 3.36<0861>C(nd)-3.36 E F1($)3.36 E F0 (")A F3(string)A F0 3.36("q)C .86(uoting is performed within)-3.36 F F1 (${)3.36 E F3(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)3.36 G .86 -(pansions en-).15 F(closed in double quotes.)184 223.2 Q -(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 240 Q F0 -.243(If set, patterns which f)184 240 R .243 +(pansions en-).15 F(closed in double quotes.)184 264 Q +(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 280.8 Q +F0 .243(If set, patterns which f)184 280.8 R .243 (ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F .243 -(xpansion result in an e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E(pansion error)184 252 Q(.)-.55 -E F1 -.25(fo)144 268.8 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 .936 -(If set, the suf)184 280.8 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the)-.15 -F F2(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936(ariable cause w)-.25 F -.937(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 292.8 R .32 -(ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32 -(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.947 -(pletions. See)184 304.8 R F2 .447(SHELL V)2.947 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 +(xpansion result in an e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E(pansion error)184 292.8 Q(.) +-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 309.6 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 +.936(If set, the suf)184 321.6 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) +-.15 F F2(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936(ariable cause w) +-.25 F .937(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 333.6 R +.32(ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G +.32(he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.947 +(pletions. See)184 345.6 R F2 .447(SHELL V)2.947 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 (abo)2.697 E .747 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .448(or a description of).15 F F2 (FIGNORE)2.948 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .448(This option is)4.948 -F(enabled by def)184 316.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 333.6 Q -F0 2.519(If set, range e)184 345.6 R 2.519 +F(enabled by def)184 357.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 374.4 Q +F0 2.519(If set, range e)184 386.4 R 2.519 (xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.518(et e)-.1 F 2.518 (xpressions \(see)-.15 F F2 -.09(Pa)5.018 G(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E -(Matching)184 357.6 Q F0(abo)2.964 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.214(\)b).15 G(eha) +(Matching)184 398.4 Q F0(abo)2.964 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.214(\)b).15 G(eha) -3.214 E 1.014 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.214(si).15 G 3.214(fi)-3.214 G 3.214 (nt)-3.214 G .714(he traditional C locale when performing comparisons.) --3.214 F 1.02(That is, the current locale')184 369.6 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G +-3.214 F 1.02(That is, the current locale')184 410.4 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G 1.02(ollating sequence is not tak)-3.52 F 1.02(en into account, so)-.1 F -F1(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .956(collate between)184 381.6 R F1 +F1(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .956(collate between)184 422.4 R F1 (A)3.456 E F0(and)3.456 E F1(B)3.456 E F0 3.457(,a)C .957(nd upper) -3.457 F .957(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .957 -(-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 393.6 Q(.)-.55 E -F1(globstar)144 410.4 Q F0 .519(If set, the pattern)184 410.4 R F1(**) +(-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 434.4 Q(.)-.55 E +F1(globstar)144 451.2 Q F0 .519(If set, the pattern)184 451.2 R F1(**) 3.019 E F0 .519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .518(xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .431 -(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 422.4 R .431 +(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 463.2 R .431 (If the pattern is follo)5.431 F .432(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.932 E F0 2.932(,o)C .432(nly directories)-2.932 F(and subdirectories match.)184 -434.4 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 451.2 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are w\ -ritten in the standard GNU error message format.)184 463.2 Q F1 -(histappend)144 480 Q F0 .676 +475.2 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 492 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are wri\ +tten in the standard GNU error message format.)184 504 Q F1(histappend) +144 520.8 Q F0 .676 (If set, the history list is appended to the \214le named by the v)184 -492 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F F2(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 -.25(va)2.926 G -(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 504 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 520.8 Q(eedit) --.18 E F0 .575(If set, and)184 532.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E +532.8 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F F2(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 -.25(va)2.926 G +(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 544.8 Q(xits, rather than o)-.15 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1(histr)144 561.6 Q(eedit) +-.18 E F0 .575(If set, and)184 573.6 R F1 -.18(re)3.075 G(adline).18 E F0 .575(is being used, a user is gi)3.075 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .576(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 F .576(ailed his-)-.1 F -(tory substitution.)184 544.8 Q F1(histv)144 561.6 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403 -(If set, and)184 573.6 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 +(tory substitution.)184 585.6 Q F1(histv)144 602.4 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403 +(If set, and)184 614.4 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G(adline).18 E F0 .403 (is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately) -2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 585.6 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 +2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 626.4 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 (nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.661 F F1 -.18(re)3.162 -G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 597.6 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 +G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 638.4 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E 2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E F1 -(hostcomplete)144 614.4 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 626.4 R F1 -.18(re) +(hostcomplete)144 655.2 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 667.2 R F1 -.18(re) 3.682 G(adline).18 E F0 1.182(is being used,)3.682 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.181(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.681 F 1.38(when a w) -184 638.4 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 +184 679.2 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 (is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.881 E F0(under)3.881 E -F2(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 650.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F -(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 667.2 Q F0 -(If set,)184 679.2 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F2(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 -(to all jobs when an interacti)2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H(ogin shell e) -.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(inherit_err)144 696 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 .22 -(If set, command substitution inherits the v)184 708 R .219(alue of the) --.25 F F1(err)2.719 E(exit)-.18 E F0 .219(option, instead of unsetting) -2.719 F(it in the subshell en)184 720 Q 2.5(vironment. This)-.4 F -(option is enabled when)2.5 E F3(posix mode)2.5 E F0(is enabled.)2.5 E -(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(75)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +F2(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 691.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F +(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(75)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 76 76 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(interacti)144 84 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 .33(If set, allo) -184 96 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33(ginning with)-.15 F F1 -(#)2.83 E F0 .33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33 -(ord and all remaining characters on)-.1 F .967 -(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 108 R 1.267 -.15(ve s)-.25 -H .967(hell \(see).15 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo) -3.217 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.467(\). This).15 F .967(option is)3.467 F -(enabled by def)184 120 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 136.8 Q F0 .066 -(If set, and job control is not acti)184 136.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566 +SF(huponexit)144 84 Q F0(If set,)184 96 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 +E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0(to all jobs when an interacti) +2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H(ogin shell e).15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1 +(inherit_err)144 112.8 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 .22 +(If set, command substitution inherits the v)184 124.8 R .219 +(alue of the)-.25 F F1(err)2.719 E(exit)-.18 E F0 .219 +(option, instead of unsetting)2.719 F(it in the subshell en)184 136.8 Q +2.5(vironment. This)-.4 F(option is enabled when)2.5 E/F3 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(posix mode)2.5 E F0(is enabled.)2.5 E F1(interacti) +144 153.6 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 .33(If set, allo)184 165.6 R +2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33(ginning with)-.15 F F1(#)2.83 E +F0 .33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33(ord and all remaining characters on) +-.1 F .967(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 177.6 R 1.267 +-.15(ve s)-.25 H .967(hell \(see).15 F F2(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 +E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.467(\). This).15 F .967(option is)3.467 F +(enabled by def)184 189.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 206.4 Q F0 .066 +(If set, and job control is not acti)184 206.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566 (,t).15 G .066(he shell runs the last command of a pipeline not e)-2.566 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E -(cuted in the background in the current shell en)184 148.8 Q(vironment.) --.4 E F1(lithist)144 165.6 Q F0 .655(If set, and the)184 165.6 R F1 +(cuted in the background in the current shell en)184 218.4 Q(vironment.) +-.4 E F1(lithist)144 235.2 Q F0 .655(If set, and the)184 235.2 R F1 (cmdhist)3.155 E F0 .654(option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa) 3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history) --3.154 F(with embedded ne)184 177.6 Q +-3.154 F(with embedded ne)184 247.2 Q (wlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.)-.25 E F1 -(localv)144 194.4 Q(ar_inherit)-.1 E F0 .421(If set, local v)184 206.4 R +(localv)144 264 Q(ar_inherit)-.1 E F0 .421(If set, local v)184 276 R .422(ariables inherit the v)-.25 F .422(alue and attrib)-.25 F .422 (utes of a v)-.2 F .422(ariable of the same name that)-.25 F -.15(ex)184 -218.4 S .174(ists at a pre).15 F .174(vious scope before an)-.25 F 2.673 +288 S .174(ists at a pre).15 F .174(vious scope before an)-.25 F 2.673 (yn)-.15 G .673 -.25(ew va)-2.673 H .173(lue is assigned.).25 F .173 -(The nameref attrib)5.173 F .173(ute is not)-.2 F(inherited.)184 230.4 Q -F1(localv)144 247.2 Q(ar_unset)-.1 E F0 .328(If set, calling)184 259.2 R +(The nameref attrib)5.173 F .173(ute is not)-.2 F(inherited.)184 300 Q +F1(localv)144 316.8 Q(ar_unset)-.1 E F0 .328(If set, calling)184 328.8 R F1(unset)2.828 E F0 .328(on local v)2.828 F .329(ariables in pre)-.25 F .329(vious function scopes marks them so subse-)-.25 F .543(quent looku\ ps \214nd them unset until that function returns. This is identical to \ -the beha)184 271.2 R(v-)-.2 E(ior of unsetting local v)184 283.2 Q -(ariables at the current function scope.)-.25 E F1(login_shell)144 300 Q -F0 .486 +the beha)184 340.8 R(v-)-.2 E(ior of unsetting local v)184 352.8 Q +(ariables at the current function scope.)-.25 E F1(login_shell)144 369.6 +Q F0 .486 (The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184 -312 R F2(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 324 S(lue may not be changed.).25 -E F1(mailwar)144 340.8 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815(If set, and a \214le that)184 -352.8 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 +381.6 R F2(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 393.6 S(lue may not be changed.) +.25 E F1(mailwar)144 410.4 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815(If set, and a \214le that) +184 422.4 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 (is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.315 F --.1(wa)184 364.8 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E -(`The mail in)-.74 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mail\214le)2.5 E F0 -(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i)-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1 -(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 381.6 Q F0 .324(If set, and)184 393.6 R F1 --.18(re)2.824 G(adline).18 E F0 .324(is being used,)2.824 F F1(bash) -2.824 E F0 .324(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F2 -.666(PA)2.825 -G(TH)-.189 E F0 .325(for possible)2.575 F -(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 405.6 Q -F1(nocaseglob)144 422.4 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 434.4 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 +-.1(wa)184 434.4 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E +(`The mail in)-.74 E F3(mail\214le)2.5 E F0(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i) +-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 +451.2 Q F0 .324(If set, and)184 463.2 R F1 -.18(re)2.824 G(adline).18 E +F0 .324(is being used,)2.824 F F1(bash)2.824 E F0 .324 +(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F2 -.666(PA)2.825 G(TH)-.189 E +F0 .325(for possible)2.575 F +(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 475.2 Q +F1(nocaseglob)144 492 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 504 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 .436(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.937 F .736 -.15(ve f) --.25 H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 446.4 S +-.25 H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 516 S (pansion \(see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion).1 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 463.2 Q F0 1.193(If set,)184 -475.2 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194 +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 532.8 Q F0 1.193(If set,)184 +544.8 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194 (matches patterns in a case\255insensiti)3.693 F 1.494 -.15(ve f)-.25 H -1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 F .551(while e)184 487.2 R +1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 F .551(while e)184 556.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)3.051 E F0(or)3.051 E F1([[)3.051 E F0 .551(conditional commands, when performing pattern substitution)3.051 -F -.1(wo)184 499.2 S .622(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering\ +F -.1(wo)184 568.8 S .622(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering\ possible completions as part of programmable com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 -511.2 Q F1(nullglob)144 528 Q F0 .855(If set,)184 540 R F1(bash)3.355 E -F0(allo)3.355 E .855(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see)-.25 F F1 --.1(Pa)3.354 G .854(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.354 E -.15(ve)-.15 G -3.354(\)t).15 G(o)-3.354 E -.15(ex)184 552 S +580.8 Q F1(nullglob)144 597.6 Q F0 .855(If set,)184 609.6 R F1(bash) +3.355 E F0(allo)3.355 E .855(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see) +-.25 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.354 G .854(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.354 E -.15 +(ve)-.15 G 3.354(\)t).15 G(o)-3.354 E -.15(ex)184 621.6 S (pand to a null string, rather than themselv).15 E(es.)-.15 E F1(pr)144 -568.8 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .676(If set, the programmable completion f)184 -580.8 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.177 E .677 +638.4 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .676(If set, the programmable completion f)184 +650.4 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.177 E .677 (ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.177 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -(are enabled.)184 592.8 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E -F1(pr)144 609.6 Q(ogcomp_alias)-.18 E F0 2.124 -(If set, and programmable completion is enabled,)184 621.6 R F1(bash) -4.624 E F0 2.124(treats a command name that)4.624 F(doesn')184 633.6 Q +(are enabled.)184 662.4 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E +F1(pr)144 679.2 Q(ogcomp_alias)-.18 E F0 2.124 +(If set, and programmable completion is enabled,)184 691.2 R F1(bash) +4.624 E F0 2.124(treats a command name that)4.624 F(doesn')184 703.2 Q 3.288(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-3.288 H(an)3.488 E 3.288(yc)-.15 G .789 (ompletions as a possible alias and attempts alias e)-3.288 F .789 -(xpansion. If it has)-.15 F 1.473(an alias,)184 645.6 R F1(bash)3.973 E +(xpansion. If it has)-.15 F 1.473(an alias,)184 715.2 R F1(bash)3.973 E F0 1.473(attempts programmable completion using the command w)3.973 F -1.473(ord resulting)-.1 F(from the e)184 657.6 Q(xpanded alias.)-.15 E -F1(pr)144 674.4 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.447 -(If set, prompt strings under)184 686.4 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F -1.448(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 -698.4 S .171(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G -.17(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in)-.15 F F2(PR)2.67 E -(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.42 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E -(This option is enabled by def)184 710.4 Q(ault.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 -768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(76)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +1.473(ord resulting)-.1 F(from the e)184 727.2 Q(xpanded alias.)-.15 E +(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(76)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 77 77 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F (Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF -.18(re)144 84 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 +SF(pr)144 84 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.447 +(If set, prompt strings under)184 96 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F 1.448 +(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 108 S +.171(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G .17 +(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in)-.15 F/F2 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)2.67 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.42 E -.15(ve)-.15 G +(.).15 E(This option is enabled by def)184 120 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re) +144 136.8 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 (The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode \(see) -184 96 R/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 -108 Q 2.86(w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)2.86 G .36(lue may not be changed.) -.25 F .36(This is not reset when the startup \214les are e)5.36 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cuted, allo)184 120 Q -(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G -(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 E F1(shift_v)144 136.8 Q -(erbose)-.1 E F0 .501(If set, the)184 148.8 R F1(shift)3.001 E F0 -.2 -(bu)3.001 G .501(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 -F .502(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 160.8 Q F1 -(sour)144 177.6 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .771(If set, the)184 189.6 R F1(sour) -3.271 E(ce)-.18 E F0(\()3.271 E F1(.)A F0 3.271(\)b)C .771 -(uiltin uses the v)-3.471 F .771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.27 G(TH) --.189 E F0 .77(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.02 F -(\214le supplied as an ar)184 201.6 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F -(option is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 218.4 Q F0 -(If set, the)184 230.4 Q F1(echo)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E +184 148.8 R F2 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 160.8 Q 2.86 +(w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)2.86 G .36(lue may not be changed.).25 F .36 +(This is not reset when the startup \214les are e)5.36 F -.15(xe)-.15 G +(-).15 E(cuted, allo)184 172.8 Q(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 +E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 +E F1(shift_v)144 189.6 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .501(If set, the)184 201.6 R F1 +(shift)3.001 E F0 -.2(bu)3.001 G .501 +(iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .502 +(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 213.6 Q F1(sour) +144 230.4 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .771(If set, the)184 242.4 R F1(sour)3.271 +E(ce)-.18 E F0(\()3.271 E F1(.)A F0 3.271(\)b)C .771(uiltin uses the v) +-3.471 F .771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.27 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .77 +(to \214nd the directory containing the)3.02 F(\214le supplied as an ar) +184 254.4 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F(option is enabled by def)2.5 E +(ault.)-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 271.2 Q F0(If set, the)184 283.2 Q F1(echo) +2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E (xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend) -108 247.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A 1.001(Suspend the e)144 259.2 R --.15(xe)-.15 G 1.001(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.502(signal. A)3.252 F 1.002 -(login shell cannot be)3.502 F .023(suspended; the)144 271.2 R F1<ad66> +108 300 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A 1.001(Suspend the e)144 312 R -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.001(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 +G 3.501(sa).15 G F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.502(signal. A)3.252 F 1.002 +(login shell cannot be)3.502 F .023(suspended; the)144 324 R F1<ad66> 2.523 E F0 .023(option can be used to o)2.523 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 (rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .022(The return status is) -5.022 F 2.5(0u)144 283.2 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E -F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 -E F1(test)108 300 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([) -108 312 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .877 -(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 312 R .878 +5.022 F 2.5(0u)144 336 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E F1 +<ad66>2.5 E F0(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 E +F1(test)108 352.8 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([) +108 364.8 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .877 +(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 364.8 R .878 (alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .878 -(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)144 324 S -(pr).2 E F0 5.53(.E).73 G .53 +(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)144 376.8 +S(pr).2 E F0 5.53(.E).73 G .53 (ach operator and operand must be a separate ar)-5.53 F 3.03 (gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F 1.36 -(primaries described abo)144 336 R 1.66 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 +(primaries described abo)144 388.8 R 1.66 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 (CONDITION)3.86 E 1.36(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(test)5.86 E F0 1.361(does not accept an)3.86 F 3.861(yo)-.15 G(p-) --3.861 E(tions, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 348 Q(gument of) --.18 E F1<adad>2.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 E .786 -(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 366 R .785 +-3.861 E(tions, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)144 400.8 Q +(gument of)-.18 E F1<adad>2.5 E F0(as signifying the end of options.)2.5 +E .786(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 418.8 R .785 (wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F 3.411 -(dence. The)144 378 R -.25(eva)3.411 G .911 +(dence. The)144 430.8 R -.25(eva)3.411 G .911 (luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .912(guments; see belo)-.18 F 4.712 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .912(perator precedence is).65 F -(used when there are \214v)144 390 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar) --2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 402 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35 -(Tr)180 402 S(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E(alse.) --.1 E F1(\()144 414 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26 -(Returns the v)180 414 R .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 -5.26(.T)C .26(his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 -(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 426 Q F3 -.2(ex) -144 438 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35 -(Tr)180 450 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F3 --.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 462 S(pr1).2 E -F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 474 S -(ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G -(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 490.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E -F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E +(used when there are \214v)144 442.8 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G +(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 454.8 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E +F0 -.35(Tr)180 454.8 S(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 +E(alse.)-.1 E F1(\()144 466.8 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 +.26(Returns the v)180 466.8 R .26(alue of)-.25 F F3 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 +E F0 5.26(.T)C .26(his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 +(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 478.8 Q F3 -.2 +(ex)144 490.8 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 +-.35(Tr)180 502.8 S(ue if both).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 +E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F3 -.2(ex)144 514.8 S +(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 +526.8 S(ue if either).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F3 -.2 +(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 543.6 Q F0(and)2.5 E +F1([)2.5 E F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E (xpressions using a set of rules based on the number of ar)-.15 E -(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 508.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) -180 520.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 532.8 S -.18 -(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 544.8 Q +(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 561.6 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) +180 573.6 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 585.6 S -.18 +(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 597.6 Q (xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18 -E 2.5(2a)144 556.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) -180 568.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 +E 2.5(2a)144 609.6 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) +180 621.6 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 -(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 580.8 R .38 +(gument is null.)-.18 F .38(If the \214rst ar)180 633.6 R .38 (gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .679 --.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.879 E(TION)180 592.8 Q .552 +-.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDI-)2.879 E(TION)180 645.6 Q .552 (AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F F4(,)A F0 .552(the e)2.802 F .552 (xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F .552 -(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 604.8 Q +(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 657.6 Q (alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E -(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 616.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G -(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 628.8 R .236 +(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 669.6 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 681.6 R .236 (wing conditions are applied in the order listed.)-.25 F .236 (If the second ar)5.236 F .236(gument is one of)-.18 F .855 -(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 640.8 R 1.155 -.15 +(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 693.6 R 1.155 -.15 (ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2(CONDITION)3.355 E .855(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F -F4(,)A F0(the)3.105 E .579(result of the e)180 652.8 R .578(xpression i\ +F4(,)A F0(the)3.105 E .579(result of the e)180 705.6 R .578(xpression i\ s the result of the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F -(guments)-.18 E 1.332(as operands.)180 664.8 R(The)6.332 E F1<ad61>3.832 +(guments)-.18 E 1.332(as operands.)180 717.6 R(The)6.332 E F1<ad61>3.832 E F0(and)3.832 E F1<ad6f>3.832 E F0 1.333 (operators are considered binary operators when there are)3.832 F .558 -(three ar)180 676.8 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 +(three ar)180 729.6 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 F .558(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F .558(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F -(o-ar)-.1 E(gument)-.18 E .52(test using the second and third ar)180 -688.8 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .521 -(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.021 E F0 .521(and the third) -3.021 F(ar)180 700.8 Q .485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 -E F0 2.985(,t)C .485(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485 -(gument test of the second ar)-.18 F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E -(wise, the e)180 712.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 5.1) -72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(77)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(o-ar)-.1 E(gument)-.18 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E +(77)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 78 78 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 2.5(4a)144 84 S --.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .384(If the \214rst ar)180 96 R .384 -(gument is)-.18 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)2.884 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385 -(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .385(tion of the three-ar) -.05 F .385(gument e)-.18 F .385(xpression com-)-.15 F .285 -(posed of the remaining ar)180 108 R 2.784(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F -.284(the e)2.784 F .284(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G -.284(luated ac-).25 F(cording to precedence using the rules listed abo) -180 120 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 132 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar) --2.5 E(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 144 R 1.635 -(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.635 -(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180 156 -Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 174 Q F1(test)2.5 E F0(or) -2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F1(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 -E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 -E F1(times)108 190.8 Q F0 1.229(Print the accumulated user and system t\ -imes for the shell and for processes run from the shell.)144 190.8 R -(The return status is 0.)144 202.8 Q F1(trap)108 219.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 -(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0 -(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .682(The command)144 231.6 R F2(ar) -3.512 E(g)-.37 E F0 .682(is to be read and e)3.402 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .682 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E .52 +(test using the second and third ar)180 84 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F +.521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .521(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(\()3.021 E F0 .521(and the third)3.021 F(ar)180 96 Q +.485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 E F0 2.985(,t)C .485 +(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485(gument test of the second ar)-.18 +F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E(wise, the e)180 108 Q +(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 120 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(uments).18 E .384(If the \214rst ar)180 132 R .384(gument is)-.18 F F1 +(!)2.884 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385(he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 +G .385(tion of the three-ar).05 F .385(gument e)-.18 F .385 +(xpression com-)-.15 F .285(posed of the remaining ar)180 144 R 2.784 +(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F .284(the e)2.784 F .284 +(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .284(luated ac-).25 F +(cording to precedence using the rules listed abo)180 156 Q -.15(ve)-.15 +G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 168 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18 E +1.635(The e)180 180 R 1.635(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va) +-.25 G 1.635(luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F +(abo)180 192 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 210 Q F1(test) +2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F1(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 +E F1(>)2.5 E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E +(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F1(times)108 226.8 Q F0 +1.229(Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for\ + processes run from the shell.)144 226.8 R(The return status is 0.)144 +238.8 Q F1(trap)108 255.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E +/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...]) +2.5 E .682(The command)144 267.6 R F2(ar)3.512 E(g)-.37 E F0 .682 +(is to be read and e)3.402 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .682 (cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.183(ss).15 G (ignal\(s\))-3.183 E F2(sigspec)3.523 E F0 5.683(.I).31 G(f)-5.683 E F2 (ar)3.513 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.403 E .609(absent \(and there is a single) -144 243.6 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E +144 279.6 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108(\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E F0 3.108(,e)C .608 (ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F -.658(\(the v)144 255.6 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) +.658(\(the v)144 291.6 R .658(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) -.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .659 (is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F2(sigspec) -144.34 267.6 Q F0 .581 +144.34 303.6 Q F0 .581 (is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in)3.391 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.08(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.41 E(g)-.37 E F0 .58 (is not present and)3.3 F F1<ad70>3.08 E F0(has)3.08 E 1.214 -(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 279.6 R +(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 315.6 R F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.215(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.215(If no ar)6.215 -F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 291.6 R F1<ad70>3.36 +F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 327.6 R F1<ad70>3.36 E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 (prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83 -(signal. The)144 303.6 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ +(signal. The)144 339.6 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F -4.311(bers. Each)144 315.6 R F2(sigspec)4.651 E F0 1.811 +4.311(bers. Each)144 351.6 R F2(sigspec)4.651 E F0 1.811 (is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.621 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.81 (>, or a signal number)B 6.81(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.81 E -(names are case insensiti)144 327.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E +(names are case insensiti)144 363.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E /F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E .666 -(If a)144 345.6 R F2(sigspec)3.506 E F0(is)3.476 E F3(EXIT)3.166 E F0 +(If a)144 381.6 R F2(sigspec)3.506 E F0(is)3.476 E F3(EXIT)3.166 E F0 .666(\(0\) the command)2.916 F F2(ar)3.496 E(g)-.37 E F0 .666(is e)3.386 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .666(cuted on e).15 F .667(xit from the shell.)-.15 F .667(If a)5.667 F F2(sigspec)3.507 E F0(is)3.477 E F3(DE-)3.167 E -.09 -(BU)144 357.6 S(G).09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .484(the command) +(BU)144 393.6 S(G).09 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .484(the command) 2.734 F F2(ar)3.314 E(g)-.37 E F0 .484(is e)3.204 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .484 (cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 .483(simple command) 2.984 F F0(,)A F2(for)2.983 E F0(command,)2.983 E F2(case)2.983 E F0 -(command,)2.983 E F2(select)144 369.6 Q F0 .562(command, e)3.062 F -.15 +(command,)2.983 E F2(select)144 405.6 Q F0 .562(command, e)3.062 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G .563(ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)3.063 E F0 .563 (command, and before the \214rst command e)3.063 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .563 -(cutes in a shell).15 F .623(function \(see)144 381.6 R F3 .622 +(cutes in a shell).15 F .623(function \(see)144 417.6 R F3 .622 (SHELL GRAMMAR)3.122 F F0(abo)2.872 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.122(\). Refer).15 F .622(to the description of the)3.122 F F1(extdeb)3.122 E(ug)-.2 E F0 -.622(option to the)3.122 F F1(shopt)144 393.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)2.996 G .496 +.622(option to the)3.122 F F1(shopt)144 429.6 Q F0 -.2(bu)2.996 G .496 (iltin for details of its ef).2 F .496(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)2.996 E (UG)-.1 E F0 2.996(trap. If)2.996 F(a)2.996 E F2(sigspec)3.336 E F0(is) 3.306 E F3(RETURN)2.996 E F4(,)A F0 .496(the command)2.746 F F2(ar) -144.33 405.6 Q(g)-.37 E F0 .18(is e)2.9 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .18 +144.33 441.6 Q(g)-.37 E F0 .18(is e)2.9 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .18 (cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .18 (cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.68 E F0(or)2.68 E F1(sour)2.68 E(ce)-.18 E -F0 -.2(bu)2.68 G .18(iltins \214nishes).2 F -.15(exe)144 417.6 S -(cuting.).15 E .96(If a)144 435.6 R F2(sigspec)3.8 E F0(is)3.77 E F3 +F0 -.2(bu)2.68 G .18(iltins \214nishes).2 F -.15(exe)144 453.6 S +(cuting.).15 E .96(If a)144 471.6 R F2(sigspec)3.8 E F0(is)3.77 E F3 (ERR)3.46 E F4(,)A F0 .96(the command)3.21 F F2(ar)3.791 E(g)-.37 E F0 .961(is e)3.681 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .961(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.461(rap).15 G .961(ipeline \(which may consist of a)-3.461 F .185(sin\ gle simple command\), a list, or a compound command returns a non\255ze\ -ro e)144 447.6 R .184(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .451(the follo)144 -459.6 R .451(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.451 E F3(ERR)2.951 E F0 .451 +ro e)144 483.6 R .184(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .451(the follo)144 +495.6 R .451(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.451 E F3(ERR)2.951 E F0 .451 (trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451(cuted if the f).15 F .452 (ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .388 -(mand list immediately follo)144 471.6 R .388(wing a)-.25 F F1(while) +(mand list immediately follo)144 507.6 R .388(wing a)-.25 F F1(while) 2.888 E F0(or)2.888 E F1(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 (ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)2.897 E F0 .387 -(statement, part)4.847 F .777(of a command e)144 483.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +(statement, part)4.847 F .777(of a command e)144 519.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .778(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 .778 (list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778 (wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 -3.278(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.278 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 495.6 R +3.278(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.278 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 531.6 R 1.28(ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.78(sr)-.55 G 1.28(eturn v) -3.78 F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F -F1(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 507.6 Q +F1(!)3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 543.6 Q (yed by the)-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F1<ad65>A F0 2.5 (\)o)C(ption.)-2.5 E .132 (Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 -525.6 R -.35(Tr)5.133 G .133(apped signals that are not be-).35 F .117 -(ing ignored are reset to their original v)144 537.6 R .117 +561.6 R -.35(Tr)5.133 G .133(apped signals that are not be-).35 F .117 +(ing ignored are reset to their original v)144 573.6 R .117 (alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .117 -(vironment when one is cre-)-.4 F 2.5(ated. The)144 549.6 R +(vironment when one is cre-)-.4 F 2.5(ated. The)144 585.6 R (return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0 (is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0 -(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108 566.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(]) -A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 578.4 S +(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108 602.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(]) +A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 614.4 S .173(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.673(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.673 E F2 (name)3.033 E F0 -.1(wo)2.853 G .174 (uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .174(If the)5.174 F -F1<ad74>144 590.4 Q F0 .715(option is used,)3.215 F F1(type)3.215 E F0 +F1<ad74>144 626.4 Q F0 .715(option is used,)3.215 F F1(type)3.215 E F0 .715(prints a string which is one of)3.215 F F2(alias)3.545 E F0(,).27 E F2 -.1(ke)3.215 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)5.185 E F0 (,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.215 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.215(,o).24 G(r)-3.215 E F2 -(\214le)5.125 E F0(if)3.395 E F2(name)144.36 602.4 Q F0 .086 +(\214le)5.125 E F0(if)3.395 E F2(name)144.36 638.4 Q F0 .086 (is an alias, shell reserv)2.766 F .086(ed w)-.15 F .086 (ord, function, b)-.1 F .087(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.087(.I)-.65 G 2.587(ft)-5.087 G(he)-2.587 E F2 (name)2.947 E F0 .087(is not)2.767 F .119 -(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 614.4 R .118 +(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 650.4 R .118 (xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .118(If the)5.118 F F1<ad70>2.618 E F0 .118(option is used,)2.618 F F1(type)2.618 E F0 .855 -(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 626.4 R .855 +(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 662.4 R .855 (ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0 .855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .529(mand name, or nothing if) -144 638.4 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .528(type -t name)3.028 F F0 -.1(wo)3.028 +144 674.4 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .528(type -t name)3.028 F F0 -.1(wo)3.028 G .528(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)4.938 E F0 5.528(.T).18 G(he)-5.528 E F1<ad50>3.028 E F0 .528(option forces a)3.028 F F3 -.666(PA)3.028 G -(TH)-.189 E F0 .006(search for each)144 650.4 R F2(name)2.506 E F0 2.506 +(TH)-.189 E F0 .006(search for each)144 686.4 R F2(name)2.506 E F0 2.506 (,e)C -.15(ve)-2.756 G 2.506(ni).15 G(f)-2.506 E F5 .007(type -t name) 2.506 F F0 -.1(wo)2.507 G .007(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)4.417 E F0 5.007(.I).18 G 2.507(fac)-5.007 G .007(ommand is hashed,)-2.507 F F1 -<ad70>2.507 E F0(and)144 662.4 Q F1<ad50>3.231 E F0 .731 +<ad70>2.507 E F0(and)144 698.4 Q F1<ad50>3.231 E F0 .731 (print the hashed v)3.231 F .73 (alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 F F3 -.666(PA)3.23 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .73(If the)5.23 F F1<ad61>144 -674.4 Q F0 .823(option is used,)3.323 F F1(type)3.323 E F0 .824 +710.4 Q F0 .823(option is used,)3.323 F F1(type)3.323 E F0 .824 (prints all of the places that contain an e)3.323 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .824 (cutable named).15 F F2(name)3.684 E F0 5.824(.T).18 G .824(his in-) -5.824 F 1.176(cludes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 -686.4 R F1<ad70>3.676 E F0 1.176(option is not also used.)3.676 F 1.176 -(The table of hashed)6.176 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using) -144 698.4 R F1<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F1<ad66>3.723 E F0 -1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .326(with the) -144 710.4 R F1(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type) -5.326 E F0 .326(returns true if all of the ar)2.826 F .325 -(guments are found, f)-.18 F .325(alse if an)-.1 F 2.825(ya)-.15 G .325 -(re not)-2.825 F(found.)144 722.4 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5) -150.675 E(78)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +722.4 R F1<ad70>3.676 E F0 1.176(option is not also used.)3.676 F 1.176 +(The table of hashed)6.176 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25) +142.895 E(78)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 79 79 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 -SF(ulimit)108 84 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255HSabcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPR)A(T)-.4 E -F0([)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 96 Q .243 -(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243 -(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 1.223 +(commands is not consulted when using)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F1<ad66>3.723 E F0 1.223 +(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .326(with the)144 +96 R F1(command)2.826 E F0 -.2(bu)2.826 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type)5.326 E F0 +.326(returns true if all of the ar)2.826 F .325(guments are found, f) +-.18 F .325(alse if an)-.1 F 2.825(ya)-.15 G .325(re not)-2.825 F +(found.)144 108 Q F1(ulimit)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +(\255HSabcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPR)A(T)-.4 E F0([)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 +SF(limit)A F0(]])A(Pro)144 136.8 Q .243(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.743(rt).15 G .243(he resources a)-2.743 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 (ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F -.944(that allo)144 108 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F(The) -5.944 E F1<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943 +.944(that allo)144 148.8 R 3.444(ws)-.25 G .944(uch control.)-3.444 F +(The)5.944 E F1<ad48>3.444 E F0(and)3.444 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .943 (options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi) -144 120 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208(\ -hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a sof\ -t limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 132 R .426 +144 160.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nr).15 G 2.708(esource. A)-2.708 F .208 +(hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\ +ft limit may)2.708 F .426(be increased up to the v)144 172.8 R .426 (alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .425(If neither)5.426 F F1<ad48>2.925 E F0(nor)2.925 E F1<ad53>2.925 E F0 .425 (is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.925 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 -144 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 +184.8 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 (can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F -.742(of the special v)144 156 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1 +.742(of the special v)144 196.8 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.242 E F0(,)A F1 (soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .023 -(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 168 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E +(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 208.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.023(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.023 E F2(limit)2.613 E F0 .023 (is omitted, the current v)3.203 F .023 (alue of the soft limit of the re-)-.25 F .985 -(source is printed, unless the)144 180 R F1<ad48>3.485 E F0 .984 +(source is printed, unless the)144 220.8 R F1<ad48>3.485 E F0 .984 (option is gi)3.485 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.484(n. When).15 F .984 (more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)3.484 F -(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 192 Q 2.5(alue. Other) --.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 204 -Q F0(All current limits are reported)180 204 Q F1<ad62>144 216 Q F0 -(The maximum sock)180 216 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E(fer size)-.25 E F1<ad63> -144 228 Q F0(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 228 Q F1<ad64> -144 240 Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 240 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G -(ata se)-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 252 Q F0 -(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180 252 Q F1<ad66>144 264 Q -F0(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)180 -264 Q F1<ad69>144 276 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180 276 -Q F1<ad6b>144 288 Q F0 -(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 288 Q F1<ad6c> -144 300 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)180 300 Q(ed into memory) --.1 E F1<ad6d>144 312 Q F0(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 312 Q -2.5(ys)-.15 G(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 324 Q -F0 .791(The maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do\ - not allo)180 324 R 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to) --.25 F(be set\))180 336 Q F1<ad70>144 348 Q F0 -(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 348 Q F1 -<ad71>144 360 Q F0(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues) -180 360 Q F1<ad72>144 372 Q F0 -(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 372 Q F1<ad73>144 384 Q -F0(The maximum stack size)180 384 Q F1<ad74>144 396 Q F0 -(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 396 Q F1<ad75>144 408 Q -F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 408 Q -.25(va)-.2 G -(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 420 Q F0 .47 -(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 420 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47 -(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 432 -Q F1<ad78>144 444 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180 444 Q F1 -<ad50>144 456 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180 456 Q F1 -<ad52>144 468 Q F0(The maximum time a real-time process can run before \ -blocking, in microseconds)180 468 Q F1<ad54>144 480 Q F0 -(The maximum number of threads)180 480 Q(If)144 496.8 Q F2(limit)3.058 E -F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(n, and the).15 F F1<ad61>2.968 -E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968 F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468 +(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 232.8 Q 2.5 +(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1 +<ad61>144 244.8 Q F0(All current limits are reported)180 244.8 Q F1 +<ad62>144 256.8 Q F0(The maximum sock)180 256.8 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E +(fer size)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 268.8 Q F0 +(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 268.8 Q F1<ad64>144 280.8 +Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 280.8 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se) +-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 292.8 Q F0 +(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180 292.8 Q F1<ad66>144 +304.8 Q F0 +(The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)180 +304.8 Q F1<ad69>144 316.8 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180 +316.8 Q F1<ad6b>144 328.8 Q F0 +(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 328.8 Q F1 +<ad6c>144 340.8 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)180 340.8 Q +(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 352.8 Q F0 +(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 352.8 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G +(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 364.8 Q F0 .791(Th\ +e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo) +180 364.8 R 3.291(wt)-.25 G .791(his v)-3.291 F .791(alue to)-.25 F +(be set\))180 376.8 Q F1<ad70>144 388.8 Q F0 +(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 388.8 Q F1 +<ad71>144 400.8 Q F0 +(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)180 400.8 Q F1 +<ad72>144 412.8 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 412.8 +Q F1<ad73>144 424.8 Q F0(The maximum stack size)180 424.8 Q F1<ad74>144 +436.8 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 436.8 Q F1 +<ad75>144 448.8 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 448.8 Q -.25 +(va)-.2 G(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 460.8 Q F0 .47 +(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 460.8 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47 +(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 +472.8 Q F1<ad78>144 484.8 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180 +484.8 Q F1<ad50>144 496.8 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180 +496.8 Q F1<ad52>144 508.8 Q F0(The maximum time a real-time process can\ + run before blocking, in microseconds)180 508.8 Q F1<ad54>144 520.8 Q F0 +(The maximum number of threads)180 520.8 Q(If)144 537.6 Q F2(limit)3.058 +E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(n, and the).15 F F1<ad61> +2.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968 F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468 (is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468 (alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .045 -(no option is gi)144 508.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(n, then).15 F F1<ad66> +(no option is gi)144 549.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .045(n, then).15 F F1<ad66> 2.545 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045 (lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .044(xcept for)-.15 F F1 <ad74>2.544 E F0 2.544(,w)C .044(hich is)-2.544 F .67(in seconds;)144 -520.8 R F1<ad52>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in microseconds;)-3.17 F +561.6 R F1<ad52>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in microseconds;)-3.17 F F1<ad70>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks;) -3.17 F F1<ad50>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad54>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad62>3.17 E F0(,) -A F1<ad6b>144 532.8 Q F0(,)A F1<ad6e>3.737 E F0 3.737(,a)C(nd)-3.737 E +A F1<ad6b>144 573.6 Q F0(,)A F1<ad6e>3.737 E F0 3.737(,a)C(nd)-3.737 E F1<ad75>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.236(hich are unscaled v)-3.736 F 1.236 (alues; and, when in posix mode,)-.25 F F1<ad63>3.736 E F0(and)3.736 E F1<ad66>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.236(hich are in)-3.736 F .238 -(512-byte increments.)144 544.8 R .238 +(512-byte increments.)144 585.6 R .238 (The return status is 0 unless an in)5.238 F -.25(va)-.4 G .238 (lid option or ar).25 F .238(gument is supplied, or an)-.18 F -(error occurs while setting a ne)144 556.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E -F1(umask)108 573.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 +(error occurs while setting a ne)144 597.6 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E +F1(umask)108 614.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .18 -(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 585.6 R F2(mode)3.06 E F0 +(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 626.4 R F2(mode)3.06 E F0 5.18(.I).18 G(f)-5.18 E F2(mode)3.06 E F0(be)2.86 E .18 (gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\ therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\ -pted by)144 597.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 -609.6 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382 +pted by)144 638.4 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 +650.4 Q F2(mode)3.263 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.063 F .382 (alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382 (option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547 -(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 621.6 R .547 +(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 662.4 R .547 (ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G (he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2 -(mode)144.38 633.6 Q F0 .552 +(mode)144.38 674.4 Q F0 .552 (is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.232 -F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 645.6 Q +F .551(The return status is 0 if the)5.551 F(mode w)144 686.4 Q (as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E (gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1 -(unalias)108 662.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 -(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 674.4 Q 1.057 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) +(unalias)108 703.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 +(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 715.2 Q 1.057 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) 3.257 E F0 .757(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)3.257 F(If)5.758 E F1<ad61>3.258 E F0 .758(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are re-) -3.258 F(mo)144 686.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E +3.258 F(mo)144 727.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E (alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0 -(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 703.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1 -(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...]) -2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 715.2 S 3.804(re).15 G(ach)-3.804 E F2(name)4.164 E F0 -3.804(,r).18 G(emo)-3.804 E 1.604 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.304 -(he corresponding v).15 F 1.303(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.303 -(If the)6.303 F F1<ad76>3.803 E F0 1.303(option is gi)3.803 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 1.303(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 727.2 Q F0 1.55 -(refers to a shell v)4.23 F 1.551(ariable, and that v)-.25 F 1.551 -(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.051(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va) -4.051 G 1.551(riables may not be).25 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(79)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25) +142.895 E(79)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 80 80 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E 3.716(unset. If) -144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>3.716 E F0 1.216 -(is speci\214ed, each)3.716 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)4.075 E F0 -1.215(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is re-) -3.895 F(mo)144 96 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.994(d. If).15 F(the)2.994 E F1 -<ad6e>2.994 E F0 .494(option is supplied, and)2.994 F F2(name)2.994 E F0 -.494(is a v)2.994 F .494(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.994 E(ef) --.37 E F0(attrib)2.994 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.995 E F0(will)2.995 E .492 -(be unset rather than the v)144 108 R .492(ariable it references.)-.25 F -F1<ad6e>5.492 E F0 .492(has no ef)2.992 F .492(fect if the)-.25 F F1 -<ad66>2.992 E F0 .492(option is supplied.)2.992 F .492(If no)5.492 F -.088(options are supplied, each)144 120 R F2(name)2.588 E F0 .088 -(refers to a v)2.588 F .088(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .089 -(ariable by that name, a function)-.25 F .384(with that name, if an)144 -132 R 1.684 -.65(y, i)-.15 H 2.884(su).65 G 2.884(nset. Each)-2.884 F -.384(unset v)2.884 F .384(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.883(df).15 G .383(rom the en)-2.883 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.171 -(passed to subsequent commands.)144 144 R 3.172(If an)8.172 F 5.672(yo) +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(unset)108 84 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(fv)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 +2.5(][)C/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 +96 S 3.804(re).15 G(ach)-3.804 E F2(name)4.164 E F0 3.804(,r).18 G(emo) +-3.804 E 1.604 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.304(he corresponding v).15 F 1.303 +(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.303(If the)6.303 F F1<ad76>3.803 E F0 +1.303(option is gi)3.803 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.303(n, each).15 F F2(name) +144.36 108 Q F0 .464(refers to a shell v)3.144 F .464 +(ariable, and that v)-.25 F .464(ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G +2.965(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va)2.965 G .465(riables may not be un-).25 +F 2.769(set. If)144 120 R F1<ad66>2.769 E F0 .269(is speci\214ed, each) +2.769 F F2(name)3.129 E F0 .269 +(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo)2.949 +F -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .403(If the)144 132 R F1<ad6e>2.903 E F0 .404 +(option is supplied, and)2.904 F F2(name)2.904 E F0 .404(is a v)2.904 F +.404(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.904 E(ef)-.37 E F0(attrib)2.904 +E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.904 E F0 .404(will be unset)2.904 F .72 +(rather than the v)144 144 R .72(ariable it references.)-.25 F F1<ad6e> +5.72 E F0 .72(has no ef)3.22 F .719(fect if the)-.25 F F1<ad66>3.219 E +F0 .719(option is supplied.)3.219 F .719(If no options)5.719 F .736 +(are supplied, each)144 156 R F2(name)3.236 E F0 .736(refers to a v) +3.236 F .737(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .737 +(ariable by that name, a function with)-.25 F 1.762(that name, if an)144 +168 R 3.062 -.65(y, i)-.15 H 4.262(su).65 G 4.261(nset. Each)-4.262 F +1.761(unset v)4.261 F 1.761(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve) +-.15 G 4.261(df).15 G 1.761(rom the en)-4.261 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.171 +(passed to subsequent commands.)144 180 R 3.172(If an)8.172 F 5.672(yo) -.15 G(f)-5.672 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)5.672 G(SH_ALIASES).27 E /F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3 -.27(BA)5.422 G(SH_ARGV0).27 E F4(,)A F3 --.27(BA)5.422 G(SH_CMDS).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)144 156 S(SH_COMMAND).27 +-.27(BA)5.422 G(SH_CMDS).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)144 192 S(SH_COMMAND).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)11.482 G(SH_SUBSHELL).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)11.482 G(SHPID).27 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_W)11.482 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F4(,)A F3 -(DIRST)11.481 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHREAL)144 168 Q +(DIRST)11.481 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHREAL)144 204 Q (TIME)-.828 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHSECONDS)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN)2.67 E(AME) -.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)2.67 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)2.67 E F4(,)A -F3(LINENO)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(RANDOM)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)144 180 Q F4 +F3(LINENO)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(RANDOM)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)144 216 Q F4 (,)A F0(or)4.03 E F3(SRANDOM)4.28 E F0 1.779(are unset, the)4.03 F 4.279 (yl)-.15 G 1.779(ose their special properties, e)-4.279 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.279(ni).15 G 4.279(ft)-4.279 G(he)-4.279 E 4.279(ya)-.15 G 1.779 -(re subse-)-4.279 F(quently reset.)144 192 Q(The e)5 E +(re subse-)-4.279 F(quently reset.)144 228 Q(The e)5 E (xit status is true unless a)-.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E -(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 208.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 +(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 244.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 <ad70>-2.5 E F2(varname)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(id ...)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8 -(Wa)144 220.8 S .659(it for each speci\214ed child process and return i\ +(Wa)144 256.8 S .659(it for each speci\214ed child process and return i\ ts termination status.).8 F(Each)5.659 E F2(id)3.169 E F0 .659 (may be a process)3.929 F .009 -(ID or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 232.8 R -.15(ve) +(ID or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 268.8 R -.15(ve) -.25 G .008(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.508(sp)-.55 G .008 (ipeline are w)-2.508 F .008(aited for)-.1 F 5.008(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.008 E -F2(id)144.01 244.8 Q F0 .441(is not gi)3.711 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E +F2(id)144.01 280.8 Q F0 .441(is not gi)3.711 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(wait)2.941 E F0 -.1(wa)2.941 G .441 (its for all running background jobs and the last-e).1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .442(cuted process substitu-).15 F .598 -(tion, if its process id is the same as)144 256.8 R F1($!)3.098 E F0 +(tion, if its process id is the same as)144 292.8 R F1($!)3.098 E F0 3.098(,a)C .598(nd the return status is zero.)-3.098 F .597(If the)5.597 -F F1<ad6e>3.097 E F0 .597(option is supplied,)3.097 F F1(wait)144 268.8 +F F1<ad6e>3.097 E F0 .597(option is supplied,)3.097 F F1(wait)144 304.8 Q F0 -.1(wa)3.082 G .583(its for a single job from the list of).1 F F2 (id)3.083 E F0 3.083(so)C 1.383 -.4(r, i)-3.083 H 3.083(fn).4 G(o)-3.083 E F2(id)3.083 E F0 3.083(sa)C .583(re supplied, an)-3.083 F 3.083(yj) --.15 G .583(ob, to complete and)-3.083 F .404(returns its e)144 280.8 R +-.15 G .583(ob, to complete and)-3.083 F .404(returns its e)144 316.8 R .404(xit status.)-.15 F .403(If none of the supplied ar)5.403 F .403 (guments is a child of the shell, or if no ar)-.18 F(guments)-.18 E .572 -(are supplied and the shell has no unw)144 292.8 R .573 +(are supplied and the shell has no unw)144 328.8 R .573 (aited-for children, the e)-.1 F .573(xit status is 127.)-.15 F .573 (If the)5.573 F F1<ad70>3.073 E F0 .573(option is)3.073 F .39 (supplied, the process or job identi\214er of the job for which the e) -144 304.8 R .39(xit status is returned is assigned to)-.15 F .905(the v) -144 316.8 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)3.405 E F0 .905 +144 340.8 R .39(xit status is returned is assigned to)-.15 F .905(the v) +144 352.8 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)3.405 E F0 .905 (named by the option ar)3.405 F 3.405(gument. The)-.18 F -.25(va)3.405 G .905(riable will be unset initially).25 F 3.405(,b)-.65 G(efore)-3.405 E -(an)144 328.8 Q 3.89(ya)-.15 G 3.89(ssignment. This)-3.89 F 1.39 +(an)144 364.8 Q 3.89(ya)-.15 G 3.89(ssignment. This)-3.89 F 1.39 (is useful only when the)3.89 F F1<ad6e>3.89 E F0 1.39 (option is supplied.)3.89 F 1.39(Supplying the)6.39 F F1<ad66>3.89 E F0 -(option,)3.89 E .574(when job control is enabled, forces)144 340.8 R F1 +(option,)3.89 E .574(when job control is enabled, forces)144 376.8 R F1 (wait)3.075 E F0 .575(to w)3.075 F .575(ait for)-.1 F F2(id)3.075 E F0 .575(to terminate before returning its status, in-)3.075 F .635 -(stead of returning when it changes status.)144 352.8 R(If)5.635 E F2 +(stead of returning when it changes status.)144 388.8 R(If)5.635 E F2 (id)3.145 E F0 .635(speci\214es a non-e)3.905 F .635 -(xistent process or job, the return)-.15 F(status is 127.)144 364.8 Q +(xistent process or job, the return)-.15 F(status is 127.)144 400.8 Q (Otherwise, the return status is the e)5 E (xit status of the last process or job w)-.15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E -/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL COMP)72 381.6 Q -1.04(AT)-.81 G +/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL COMP)72 417.6 Q -1.04(AT)-.81 G (IBILITY MODE)1.04 E F0 .911 -(Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a `shell compatibility le)108 393.6 +(Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a `shell compatibility le)108 429.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .912(l', speci\214ed as a set of options to the shopt) -.15 F -.2(bu)108 405.6 S(iltin).2 E F1(compat31)3.378 E F0(,)A F1 +.15 F -.2(bu)108 441.6 S(iltin).2 E F1(compat31)3.378 E F0(,)A F1 (compat32)3.378 E F0(,)A F1(compat40)3.378 E F0(,)A F1(compat41)3.378 E F0 3.378(,a)C .878(nd so on\).)-3.378 F .877 -(There is only one current compatibility)5.878 F(le)108 417.6 Q -.15(ve) +(There is only one current compatibility)5.878 F(le)108 453.6 Q -.15(ve) -.25 G 3.253(l-).15 G 3.253(-e)-3.253 G .753(ach option is mutually e) -3.253 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.753(.T).15 G .753 (he compatibility le)-5.753 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.254(li).15 G 3.254(si) -3.254 G .754(ntended to allo)-3.254 F 3.254(wu)-.25 G .754 -(sers to select be-)-3.254 F(ha)108 429.6 Q 1.084(vior from pre)-.2 F +(sers to select be-)-3.254 F(ha)108 465.6 Q 1.084(vior from pre)-.2 F 1.084(vious v)-.25 F 1.083(ersions that is incompatible with ne)-.15 F 1.083(wer v)-.25 F 1.083(ersions while the)-.15 F 3.583(ym)-.15 G 1.083 -(igrate scripts to use)-3.583 F(current features and beha)108 441.6 Q +(igrate scripts to use)-3.583 F(current features and beha)108 477.6 Q (vior)-.2 E 2.5(.I)-.55 G(t')-2.5 E 2.5(si)-.55 G (ntended to be a temporary solution.)-2.5 E 1.456 -(This section does not mention beha)108 458.4 R 1.457 +(This section does not mention beha)108 494.4 R 1.457 (vior that is standard for a particular v)-.2 F 1.457 (ersion \(e.g., setting)-.15 F F1(compat32)3.957 E F0 .887 -(means that quoting the rhs of the re)108 470.4 R(ge)-.15 E .886 +(means that quoting the rhs of the re)108 506.4 R(ge)-.15 E .886 (xp matching operator quotes special re)-.15 F(ge)-.15 E .886 -(xp characters in the w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E(which is def)108 482.4 Q +(xp characters in the w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E(which is def)108 518.4 Q (ault beha)-.1 E(vior in bash-3.2 and abo)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E -.522(If a user enables, say)108 499.2 R(,)-.65 E F1(compat32)3.023 E F0 +.522(If a user enables, say)108 535.2 R(,)-.65 E F1(compat32)3.023 E F0 3.023(,i)C 3.023(tm)-3.023 G .523(ay af)-3.023 F .523(fect the beha)-.25 F .523(vior of other compatibility le)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .523 (ls up to and includ-).15 F .26(ing the current compatibility le)108 -511.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.76(l. The).15 F .259 +547.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.76(l. The).15 F .259 (idea is that each compatibility le)2.759 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.759(lc).15 G .259(ontrols beha)-2.759 F .259(vior that changed)-.2 F 1.645 -(in that v)108 523.2 R 1.646(ersion of)-.15 F F1(bash)4.146 E F0 4.146 +(in that v)108 559.2 R 1.646(ersion of)-.15 F F1(bash)4.146 E F0 4.146 (,b)C 1.646(ut that beha)-4.346 F 1.646(vior may ha)-.2 F 1.946 -.15 (ve b)-.2 H 1.646(een present in earlier v).15 F 4.146(ersions. F)-.15 F 1.646(or instance, the)-.15 F .761 -(change to use locale-based comparisons with the)108 535.2 R F1([[)3.261 +(change to use locale-based comparisons with the)108 571.2 R F1([[)3.261 E F0 .76(command came in bash-4.1, and earlier v)3.261 F .76 (ersions used)-.15 F 1.904(ASCII-based comparisons, so enabling)108 -547.2 R F1(compat32)4.404 E F0 1.905 +583.2 R F1(compat32)4.404 E F0 1.905 (will enable ASCII-based comparisons as well.)4.404 F(That)6.905 E .296 -(granularity may not be suf)108 559.2 R .296 +(granularity may not be suf)108 595.2 R .296 (\214cient for all uses, and as a result users should emplo)-.25 F 2.796 (yc)-.1 G .295(ompatibility le)-2.796 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .295(ls care-).15 -F(fully)108 571.2 Q 5(.R)-.65 G(ead the documentation for a particular \ +F(fully)108 607.2 Q 5(.R)-.65 G(ead the documentation for a particular \ feature to \214nd out the current beha)-5 E(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .531 -(Bash-4.3 introduced a ne)108 588 R 3.031(ws)-.25 G .531(hell v)-3.031 F +(Bash-4.3 introduced a ne)108 624 R 3.031(ws)-.25 G .531(hell v)-3.031 F (ariable:)-.25 E F3 -.27(BA)3.031 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855(AT)-.666 G F4(.) .855 E F0 .531(The v)5.031 F .531(alue assigned to this v)-.25 F .532 -(ariable \(a decimal)-.25 F -.15(ve)108 600 S .108(rsion number lik).15 +(ariable \(a decimal)-.25 F -.15(ve)108 636 S .108(rsion number lik).15 F 2.608(e4)-.1 G .108(.2, or an inte)-2.608 F .108 (ger corresponding to the)-.15 F F1(compat)2.607 E F2(NN)A F0 .107 (option, lik)2.607 F 2.607(e4)-.1 G .107(2\) determines the com-)-2.607 -F(patibility le)108 612 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E .387 -(Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has be)108 628.8 R .388 +F(patibility le)108 648 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E .387 +(Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has be)108 664.8 R .388 (gun deprecating older compatibility le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.888 (ls. Ev).15 F(entually)-.15 E 2.888(,t)-.65 G .388(he options will) --2.888 F(be remo)108 640.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(di).15 G 2.5(nf)-2.5 G +-2.888 F(be remo)108 676.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(di).15 G 2.5(nf)-2.5 G -.2(avo)-2.6 G 2.5(ro).2 G(f)-2.5 E F3 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855 -(AT)-.666 G F4(.).855 E F0 1.164(Bash-5.0 is the \214nal v)108 657.6 R +(AT)-.666 G F4(.).855 E F0 1.164(Bash-5.0 is the \214nal v)108 693.6 R 1.164(ersion for which there will be an indi)-.15 F 1.163 (vidual shopt option for the pre)-.25 F 1.163(vious v)-.25 F(ersion.) --.15 E(Users should use)108 669.6 Q F3 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855 +-.15 E(Users should use)108 705.6 Q F3 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855 (AT)-.666 G F0(on bash-5.0 and later v)3.105 E(ersions.)-.15 E 1.613 -(The follo)108 686.4 R 1.613(wing table describes the beha)-.25 F 1.613 +(The follo)108 722.4 R 1.613(wing table describes the beha)-.25 F 1.613 (vior changes controlled by each compatibility le)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -4.113(ls).15 G 4.114(etting. The)-4.113 F F1(compat)108 698.4 Q F2(NN)A -F0 1.186(tag is used as shorthand for setting the compatibility le)3.686 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.686(lt).15 G(o)-3.686 E F2(NN)3.686 E F0 1.186 -(using one of the follo)3.686 F(wing)-.25 E 3.806(mechanisms. F)108 -710.4 R 1.306(or v)-.15 F 1.306 -(ersions prior to bash-5.0, the compatibility le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.807(lm).15 G 1.307(ay be set using the corresponding)-3.807 F F1 -(compat)108 722.4 Q F2(NN)A F0 .502(shopt option.)3.002 F -.15(Fo)5.502 -G 3.002(rb).15 G .502(ash-4.3 and later v)-3.002 F .502(ersions, the) --.15 F F3 -.27(BA)3.002 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855(AT)-.666 G F0 -.25(va) -3.607 G .502(riable is preferred, and it).25 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q -(2020 June 5)150.675 E(80)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +4.113(ls).15 G 4.114(etting. The)-4.113 F(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q +(2020 August 25)142.895 E(80)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 81 81 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E -(is required for bash-5.1 and later v)108 84 Q(ersions.)-.15 E/F1 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(compat31)108 100.8 Q F0<83>144 112.8 Q -(quoting the rhs of the)180 112.8 Q F1([[)2.5 E F0(command')2.5 E 2.5 -(sr)-.55 G -.15(eg)-2.5 G -.15(ex).15 G 2.5(pm).15 G -(atching operator \(=~\) has no special ef)-2.5 E(fect)-.25 E F1 -(compat32)108 129.6 Q F0<83>144 141.6 Q .35 -(interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes the e)180 141.6 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 +SF(compat)108 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(NN)A F0 1.186 +(tag is used as shorthand for setting the compatibility le)3.686 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.686(lt).15 G(o)-3.686 E F2(NN)3.686 E F0 1.186 +(using one of the follo)3.686 F(wing)-.25 E 3.806(mechanisms. F)108 96 R +1.306(or v)-.15 F 1.306(ersions prior to bash-5.0, the compatibility le) +-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.807(lm).15 G 1.307 +(ay be set using the corresponding)-3.807 F F1(compat)108 108 Q F2(NN)A +F0 .502(shopt option.)3.002 F -.15(Fo)5.502 G 3.002(rb).15 G .502 +(ash-4.3 and later v)-3.002 F .502(ersions, the)-.15 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 +SF -.27(BA)3.002 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855(AT)-.666 G F0 -.25(va)3.607 G +.502(riable is preferred, and it).25 F +(is required for bash-5.1 and later v)108 120 Q(ersions.)-.15 E F1 +(compat31)108 136.8 Q F0<83>144 148.8 Q(quoting the rhs of the)180 148.8 +Q F1([[)2.5 E F0(command')2.5 E 2.5(sr)-.55 G -.15(eg)-2.5 G -.15(ex).15 +G 2.5(pm).15 G(atching operator \(=~\) has no special ef)-2.5 E(fect) +-.25 E F1(compat32)108 165.6 Q F0<83>144 177.6 Q .35 +(interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes the e)180 177.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .35(cution of the ne).15 F .35(xt command)-.15 F .018 -(in the list \(in bash-4.0 and later v)180 153.6 R .018 +(in the list \(in bash-4.0 and later v)180 189.6 R .018 (ersions, the shell acts as if it recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.517(dt) .15 G .017(he interrupt, so in-)-2.517 F -(terrupting one command in a list aborts the e)180 165.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 -G(cution of the entire list\)).15 E F1(compat40)108 182.4 Q F0<83>144 -194.4 Q(the)180 194.4 Q F1(<)2.673 E F0(and)2.673 E F1(>)2.673 E F0 .173 +(terrupting one command in a list aborts the e)180 201.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 +G(cution of the entire list\)).15 E F1(compat40)108 218.4 Q F0<83>144 +230.4 Q(the)180 230.4 Q F1(<)2.673 E F0(and)2.673 E F1(>)2.673 E F0 .173 (operators to the)2.673 F F1([[)2.673 E F0 .173 (command do not consider the current locale when compar)2.673 F(-)-.2 E -.068(ing strings; the)180 206.4 R 2.568(yu)-.15 G .068 +.068(ing strings; the)180 242.4 R 2.568(yu)-.15 G .068 (se ASCII ordering.)-2.568 F .068(Bash v)5.068 F .067 -(ersions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation)-.15 F(and)180 218.4 Q/F2 -10/Times-Italic@0 SF(str)4.742 E(cmp)-.37 E F0 1.902 +(ersions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation)-.15 F(and)180 254.4 Q F2 +(str)4.742 E(cmp)-.37 E F0 1.902 (\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale').19 F 4.403(sc)-.55 G 1.903(ollation sequence and)-4.403 F F2(str)4.743 E(-)-.2 E(coll)180 -230.4 Q F0(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat41)108 247.2 Q F0<83>144 259.2 Q(in)180 -259.2 Q F2(posix)3.79 E F0(mode,)3.79 E F1(time)3.79 E F0 1.29 +266.4 Q F0(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat41)108 283.2 Q F0<83>144 295.2 Q(in)180 +295.2 Q F2(posix)3.79 E F0(mode,)3.79 E F1(time)3.79 E F0 1.29 (may be follo)3.79 F 1.29 (wed by options and still be recognized as a reserv)-.25 F(ed)-.15 E -.1 -(wo)180 271.2 S(rd \(this is POSIX interpretation 267\)).1 E<83>144 -283.2 Q(in)180 283.2 Q F2(posix)2.708 E F0 .208 +(wo)180 307.2 S(rd \(this is POSIX interpretation 267\)).1 E<83>144 +319.2 Q(in)180 319.2 Q F2(posix)2.708 E F0 .208 (mode, the parser requires that an e)2.708 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nn).15 G .208(umber of single quotes occur in the)-2.708 F F2(wor)2.709 E(d) --.37 E F0 .282(portion of a double-quoted parameter e)180 295.2 R .282 +-.37 E F0 .282(portion of a double-quoted parameter e)180 331.2 R .282 (xpansion and treats them specially)-.15 F 2.781(,s)-.65 G 2.781(ot) -2.781 G .281(hat charac-)-2.781 F(ters within the single quotes are co\ -nsidered quoted \(this is POSIX interpretation 221\))180 307.2 Q F1 -(compat42)108 324 Q F0<83>144 336 Q 1.055(the replacement string in dou\ -ble-quoted pattern substitution does not under)180 336 R 1.056 -(go quote re-)-.18 F(mo)180 348 Q -.25(va)-.15 G(l, as it does in v).25 -E(ersions after bash-4.2)-.15 E<83>144 360 Q .021 -(in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when e)180 360 R +nsidered quoted \(this is POSIX interpretation 221\))180 343.2 Q F1 +(compat42)108 360 Q F0<83>144 372 Q 1.055(the replacement string in dou\ +ble-quoted pattern substitution does not under)180 372 R 1.056 +(go quote re-)-.18 F(mo)180 384 Q -.25(va)-.15 G(l, as it does in v).25 +E(ersions after bash-4.2)-.15 E<83>144 396 Q .021 +(in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when e)180 396 R .021(xpanding the)-.15 F F2(wor)2.52 E(d)-.37 E F0 .02(portion of a)2.52 -F .017(double-quoted parameter e)180 372 R .017 +F .017(double-quoted parameter e)180 408 R .017 (xpansion and can be used to quote a closing brace or other spe-)-.15 F .999(cial character \(this is part of POSIX interpretation 221\); in la\ -ter v)180 384 R .998(ersions, single quotes)-.15 F -(are not special within double-quoted w)180 396 Q(ord e)-.1 E(xpansions) --.15 E F1(compat43)108 412.8 Q F0<83>144 424.8 Q 1.07 -(the shell does not print a w)180 424.8 R 1.071 +ter v)180 420 R .998(ersions, single quotes)-.15 F +(are not special within double-quoted w)180 432 Q(ord e)-.1 E(xpansions) +-.15 E F1(compat43)108 448.8 Q F0<83>144 460.8 Q 1.07 +(the shell does not print a w)180 460.8 R 1.071 (arning message if an attempt is made to use a quoted com-)-.1 F .249 -(pound assignment as an ar)180 436.8 R .248 +(pound assignment as an ar)180 472.8 R .248 (gument to declare \(declare -a foo='\(1 2\)'\). Later v)-.18 F .248 -(ersions w)-.15 F(arn)-.1 E(that this usage is deprecated)180 448.8 Q -<83>144 460.8 Q -.1(wo)180 460.8 S .5(rd e).1 F .501 +(ersions w)-.15 F(arn)-.1 E(that this usage is deprecated)180 484.8 Q +<83>144 496.8 Q -.1(wo)180 496.8 S .5(rd e).1 F .501 (xpansion errors are considered non-f)-.15 F .501 -(atal errors that cause the current command to)-.1 F -.1(fa)180 472.8 S +(atal errors that cause the current command to)-.1 F -.1(fa)180 508.8 S .605(il, e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.105(ni).15 G 3.105(np)-3.105 G .605 (osix mode \(the def)-3.105 F .605(ault beha)-.1 F .605(vior is to mak) -.2 F 3.105(et)-.1 G .605(hem f)-3.105 F .605 -(atal errors that cause the)-.1 F(shell to e)180 484.8 Q(xit\))-.15 E -<83>144 496.8 Q .354(when e)180 496.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .354 +(atal errors that cause the)-.1 F(shell to e)180 520.8 Q(xit\))-.15 E +<83>144 532.8 Q .354(when e)180 532.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .354 (cuting a shell function, the loop state \(while/until/etc.\)).15 F .355 (is not reset, so)5.354 F F1(br)2.855 E(eak)-.18 E F0(or)2.855 E F1 -(continue)180 508.8 Q F0 .052 +(continue)180 544.8 Q F0 .052 (in that function will break or continue loops in the calling conte) 2.553 F .052(xt. Bash-4.4 and)-.15 F(later reset the loop state to pre) -180 520.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this).15 E F1(compat44)108 537.6 Q F0<83> -144 549.6 Q .719(the shell sets up the v)180 549.6 R .719(alues used by) --.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)3.219 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0(and)2.969 E -F3 -.27(BA)3.219 G(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 .719(so the)2.969 F 3.219(yc)-.15 G -.719(an e)-3.219 F(xpand)-.15 E(to the shell')180 561.6 Q 2.5(sp)-.55 G +180 556.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this).15 E F1(compat44)108 573.6 Q F0<83> +144 585.6 Q .719(the shell sets up the v)180 585.6 R .719(alues used by) +-.25 F F3 -.27(BA)3.219 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0(and)2.969 E F3 -.27(BA)3.219 +G(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 .719(so the)2.969 F 3.219(yc)-.15 G .719(an e)-3.219 +F(xpand)-.15 E(to the shell')180 597.6 Q 2.5(sp)-.55 G (ositional parameters e)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fe)-2.5 G -(xtended deb)-2.65 E(ugging mode is not enabled)-.2 E<83>144 573.6 Q -2.635(as)180 573.6 S .135(ubshell inherits loops from its parent conte) +(xtended deb)-2.65 E(ugging mode is not enabled)-.2 E<83>144 609.6 Q +2.635(as)180 609.6 S .135(ubshell inherits loops from its parent conte) -2.635 F .135(xt, so)-.15 F F1(br)2.635 E(eak)-.18 E F0(or)2.635 E F1 (continue)2.634 E F0 .134(will cause the sub-)2.634 F(shell to e)180 -585.6 Q 2.5(xit. Bash-5.0)-.15 F(and later reset the loop state to pre) -2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt the e).15 E(xit)-.15 E<83>144 597.6 Q -.25(va) -180 597.6 S .618(riable assignments preceding b).25 F .618(uiltins lik) +621.6 Q 2.5(xit. Bash-5.0)-.15 F(and later reset the loop state to pre) +2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt the e).15 E(xit)-.15 E<83>144 633.6 Q -.25(va) +180 633.6 S .618(riable assignments preceding b).25 F .618(uiltins lik) -.2 F(e)-.1 E F1(export)3.118 E F0(and)3.118 E F1 -.18(re)3.118 G (adonly).18 E F0 .618(that set attrib)3.118 F .619(utes con-)-.2 F .12 -(tinue to af)180 609.6 R .12(fect v)-.25 F .119 +(tinue to af)180 645.6 R .12(fect v)-.25 F .119 (ariables with the same name in the calling en)-.25 F .119(vironment e) -.4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.619(ni).15 G 2.619(ft)-2.619 G .119(he shell is) --2.619 F(not in posix mode)180 621.6 Q F1(compat50)108 638.4 Q F0<83>144 -650.4 Q 1.209(Bash-5.1 changed the w)180 650.4 R(ay)-.1 E F3($RANDOM) +-2.619 F(not in posix mode)180 657.6 Q F1(compat50)108 674.4 Q F0<83>144 +686.4 Q 1.209(Bash-5.1 changed the w)180 686.4 R(ay)-.1 E F3($RANDOM) 3.709 E F0 1.209(is generated to introduce slightly more random-)3.459 F -1.019(ness. If the shell compatibility le)180 662.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G +1.019(ness. If the shell compatibility le)180 698.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.518(li).15 G 3.518(ss)-3.518 G 1.018(et to 50 or lo)-3.518 F(wer)-.25 E 3.518(,i)-.4 G 3.518(tr)-3.518 G -2.15 -.25(ev e)-3.518 H 1.018 -(rts to the method from).25 F .732(bash-5.0 and pre)180 674.4 R .732 +(rts to the method from).25 F .732(bash-5.0 and pre)180 710.4 R .732 (vious v)-.25 F .733 (ersions, so seeding the random number generator by assigning a)-.15 F --.25(va)180 686.4 S(lue to).25 E F3(RANDOM)2.5 E F0 -(will produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0)2.25 E/F4 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(RESTRICTED SHELL)72 703.2 Q F0(If)108 715.2 Q F1(bash) -3.582 E F0 1.081(is started with the name)3.581 F F1(rbash)3.581 E F0 -3.581(,o)C 3.581(rt)-3.581 G(he)-3.581 E F1<ad72>3.581 E F0 1.081 -(option is supplied at in)3.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.081 -(cation, the shell becomes re-).2 F 3.902(stricted. A)108 727.2 R 1.402 -(restricted shell is used to set up an en)3.902 F 1.403 -(vironment more controlled than the standard shell.)-.4 F(It)6.403 E -(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E(81)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +-.25(va)180 722.4 S(lue to).25 E F3(RANDOM)2.5 E F0 +(will produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0)2.25 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 +768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(81)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 82 82 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(beha)108 84 Q -.15 -(ve)-.2 G 2.5(si).15 G(dentically to)-2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash) -2.5 E F0(with the e)2.5 E(xception that the follo)-.15 E -(wing are disallo)-.25 E(wed or not performed:)-.25 E<83>108 100.8 Q -(changing directories with)144 100.8 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0<83>108 117.6 Q -(setting or unsetting the v)144 117.6 Q(alues of)-.25 E/F2 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL)2.5 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F2 -.666(PA)2.25 -G(TH)-.189 E F3(,)A F2(HISTFILE)2.25 E F3(,)A F2(ENV)2.25 E F3(,)A F0 -(or)2.25 E F2 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_ENV).27 E F0<83>108 134.4 Q -(specifying command names containing)144 134.4 Q F1(/)2.5 E F0<83>108 -151.2 Q(specifying a \214lename containing a)144 151.2 Q F1(/)2.5 E F0 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E<83>144 84 Q .696 +(If the command hash table is empty)180 84 R 3.196(,b)-.65 G .696(ash v) +-3.196 F .695(ersions prior to bash-5.1 printed an informa-)-.15 F 1.32 +(tional message to that ef)180 96 R 1.321(fect, e)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G +3.821(nw).15 G 1.321(hen producing output that can be reused as input.) +-3.821 F(Bash-5.1 suppresses that message when the)180 108 Q/F1 10 +/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6c>2.5 E F0(option is supplied.)2.5 E/F2 10.95 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(RESTRICTED SHELL)72 124.8 Q F0(If)108 136.8 Q F1(bash) +3.582 E F0 1.081(is started with the name)3.581 F F1(rbash)3.581 E F0 +3.581(,o)C 3.581(rt)-3.581 G(he)-3.581 E F1<ad72>3.581 E F0 1.081 +(option is supplied at in)3.581 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.081 +(cation, the shell becomes re-).2 F 2.976(stricted. A)108 148.8 R .476 +(restricted shell is used to set up an en)2.976 F .476 +(vironment more controlled than the standard shell.)-.4 F .477(It be-) +5.477 F(ha)108 160.8 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(si).15 G(dentically to)-2.5 E +F1(bash)2.5 E F0(with the e)2.5 E(xception that the follo)-.15 E +(wing are disallo)-.25 E(wed or not performed:)-.25 E<83>108 177.6 Q +(changing directories with)144 177.6 Q F1(cd)2.5 E F0<83>108 194.4 Q +(setting or unsetting the v)144 194.4 Q(alues of)-.25 E/F3 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL)2.5 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3 -.666(PA)2.25 +G(TH)-.189 E F4(,)A F3(HISTFILE)2.25 E F4(,)A F3(ENV)2.25 E F4(,)A F0 +(or)2.25 E F3 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_ENV).27 E F0<83>108 211.2 Q +(specifying command names containing)144 211.2 Q F1(/)2.5 E F0<83>108 +228 Q(specifying a \214lename containing a)144 228 Q F1(/)2.5 E F0 (as an ar)2.5 E(gument to the)-.18 E F1(.)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)5 G -(iltin command).2 E<83>108 168 Q -(specifying a \214lename containing a slash as an ar)144 168 Q +(iltin command).2 E<83>108 244.8 Q +(specifying a \214lename containing a slash as an ar)144 244.8 Q (gument to the)-.18 E F1(history)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command).2 -E<83>108 184.8 Q .45 -(specifying a \214lename containing a slash as an ar)144 184.8 R .449 +E<83>108 261.6 Q .45 +(specifying a \214lename containing a slash as an ar)144 261.6 R .449 (gument to the)-.18 F F1<ad70>2.949 E F0 .449(option to the)2.949 F F1 -(hash)2.949 E F0 -.2(bu)2.949 G .449(iltin com-).2 F(mand)144 196.8 Q -<83>108 213.6 Q(importing function de\214nitions from the shell en)144 -213.6 Q(vironment at startup)-.4 E<83>108 230.4 Q(parsing the v)144 -230.4 Q(alue of)-.25 E F2(SHELLOPTS)2.5 E F0(from the shell en)2.25 E -(vironment at startup)-.4 E<83>108 247.2 Q(redirecting output using the\ - >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirection operators)144 247.2 Q<83>108 264 -Q(using the)144 264 Q F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(hash)2.949 E F0 -.2(bu)2.949 G .449(iltin com-).2 F(mand)144 273.6 Q +<83>108 290.4 Q(importing function de\214nitions from the shell en)144 +290.4 Q(vironment at startup)-.4 E<83>108 307.2 Q(parsing the v)144 +307.2 Q(alue of)-.25 E F3(SHELLOPTS)2.5 E F0(from the shell en)2.25 E +(vironment at startup)-.4 E<83>108 324 Q(redirecting output using the >\ +, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirection operators)144 324 Q<83>108 340.8 Q +(using the)144 340.8 Q F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltin command to replace the shell with another command).2 E<83>108 -280.8 Q(adding or deleting b)144 280.8 Q(uiltin commands with the)-.2 E +357.6 Q(adding or deleting b)144 357.6 Q(uiltin commands with the)-.2 E F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1<ad64>2.5 E F0(options to the)2.5 E F1 -(enable)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command).2 E<83>108 297.6 Q -(using the)144 297.6 Q F1(enable)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(enable)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command).2 E<83>108 374.4 Q +(using the)144 374.4 Q F1(enable)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltin command to enable disabled shell b).2 E(uiltins)-.2 E<83>108 -314.4 Q(specifying the)144 314.4 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E -F1(command)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command).2 E<83>108 331.2 Q -(turning of)144 331.2 Q 2.5(fr)-.25 G(estricted mode with)-2.5 E F1 +391.2 Q(specifying the)144 391.2 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 E +F1(command)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command).2 E<83>108 408 Q +(turning of)144 408 Q 2.5(fr)-.25 G(estricted mode with)-2.5 E F1 (set +r)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1(set +o r)2.5 E(estricted)-.18 E F0(.)A -(These restrictions are enforced after an)108 348 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G +(These restrictions are enforced after an)108 424.8 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G (tartup \214les are read.)-2.5 E 1.566 -(When a command that is found to be a shell script is e)108 364.8 R -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.567(cuted \(see).15 F F2 1.567(COMMAND EXECUTION)4.067 F F0 -(abo)3.817 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\),).15 E F1(rbash)108 376.8 Q F0(turns of) +(When a command that is found to be a shell script is e)108 441.6 R -.15 +(xe)-.15 G 1.567(cuted \(see).15 F F3 1.567(COMMAND EXECUTION)4.067 F F0 +(abo)3.817 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\),).15 E F1(rbash)108 453.6 Q F0(turns of) 2.5 E 2.5(fa)-.25 G .3 -.15(ny r)-2.5 H(estrictions in the shell spa).15 -E(wned to e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute the script.).15 E/F4 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 393.6 Q/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Bash Refer) -108 405.6 Q(ence Manual)-.37 E F0 2.5(,B)C(rian F)-2.5 E -(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y)-.15 E F5(The Gnu Readline Libr)108 417.6 Q +E(wned to e)-.15 E -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute the script.).15 E F2(SEE ALSO)72 +470.4 Q/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Bash Refer)108 482.4 Q(ence Manual)-.37 +E F0 2.5(,B)C(rian F)-2.5 E(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y)-.15 E F5 +(The Gnu Readline Libr)108 494.4 Q(ary)-.15 E F0 2.5(,B)C(rian F)-2.5 E +(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y)-.15 E F5(The Gnu History Libr)108 506.4 Q (ary)-.15 E F0 2.5(,B)C(rian F)-2.5 E(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y)-.15 E -F5(The Gnu History Libr)108 429.6 Q(ary)-.15 E F0 2.5(,B)C(rian F)-2.5 E -(ox and Chet Rame)-.15 E(y)-.15 E F5 -.8(Po)108 441.6 S(rtable Oper).8 E +F5 -.8(Po)108 518.4 S(rtable Oper).8 E (ating System Interface \(POSIX\) P)-.15 E(art 2: Shell and Utilities) --.8 E F0 2.5(,I)C(EEE --)-2.5 E(http://pubs.opengroup.or)144 453.6 Q -(g/onlinepubs/9699919799/)-.18 E(http://tiswww)108 465.6 Q +-.8 E F0 2.5(,I)C(EEE --)-2.5 E(http://pubs.opengroup.or)144 530.4 Q +(g/onlinepubs/9699919799/)-.18 E(http://tiswww)108 542.4 Q (.case.edu/~chet/bash/POSIX -- a description of posix mode)-.65 E F5(sh) -108 477.6 Q F0(\(1\),)A F5(ksh)2.5 E F0(\(1\),)A F5(csh)2.5 E F0(\(1\))A -F5(emacs)108 489.6 Q F0(\(1\),)A F5(vi)2.5 E F0(\(1\))A F5 -.37(re)108 -501.6 S(adline).37 E F0(\(3\))A F4(FILES)72 518.4 Q F5(/bin/bash)109.666 -530.4 Q F0(The)144 542.4 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 -.15(exe)2.5 G(cutable).15 E -F5(/etc/pr)109.666 554.4 Q(o\214le)-.45 E F0 -(The systemwide initialization \214le, e)144 566.4 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted for login shells).15 E F5(~/.bash_pr)109.666 578.4 Q(o\214le)-.45 -E F0(The personal initialization \214le, e)144 590.4 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G -(cuted for login shells).15 E F5(~/.bashr)109.666 602.4 Q(c)-.37 E F0 -(The indi)144 614.4 Q(vidual per)-.25 E(-interacti)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -(-shell startup \214le).15 E F5(~/.bash_lo)109.666 626.4 Q(gout)-.1 E F0 -(The indi)144 638.4 Q(vidual login shell cleanup \214le, e)-.25 E -.15 -(xe)-.15 G(cuted when a login shell e).15 E(xits)-.15 E F5(~/.inputr) -109.666 650.4 Q(c)-.37 E F0(Indi)144 662.4 Q(vidual)-.25 E F5 -.37(re) -2.5 G(adline).37 E F0(initialization \214le)2.5 E F4 -.548(AU)72 679.2 S -(THORS).548 E F0(Brian F)108 691.2 Q(ox, Free Softw)-.15 E(are F)-.1 E -(oundation)-.15 E(bfox@gnu.or)108 703.2 Q(g)-.18 E(Chet Rame)108 720 Q -1.3 -.65(y, C)-.15 H(ase W).65 E(estern Reserv)-.8 E 2.5(eU)-.15 G(ni) --2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5) -150.675 E(82)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +108 554.4 Q F0(\(1\),)A F5(ksh)2.5 E F0(\(1\),)A F5(csh)2.5 E F0(\(1\))A +F5(emacs)108 566.4 Q F0(\(1\),)A F5(vi)2.5 E F0(\(1\))A F5 -.37(re)108 +578.4 S(adline).37 E F0(\(3\))A F2(FILES)72 595.2 Q F5(/bin/bash)109.666 +607.2 Q F0(The)144 619.2 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0 -.15(exe)2.5 G(cutable).15 E +F5(/etc/pr)109.666 631.2 Q(o\214le)-.45 E F0 +(The systemwide initialization \214le, e)144 643.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuted for login shells).15 E F5(~/.bash_pr)109.666 655.2 Q(o\214le)-.45 +E F0(The personal initialization \214le, e)144 667.2 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(cuted for login shells).15 E F5(~/.bashr)109.666 679.2 Q(c)-.37 E F0 +(The indi)144 691.2 Q(vidual per)-.25 E(-interacti)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G +(-shell startup \214le).15 E F5(~/.bash_lo)109.666 703.2 Q(gout)-.1 E F0 +(The indi)144 715.2 Q(vidual login shell cleanup \214le, e)-.25 E -.15 +(xe)-.15 G(cuted when a login shell e).15 E(xits)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 +768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 E(82)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 83 83 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S 137.14(SH\(1\) General).35 F -(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E(chet.rame)108 84 Q -(y@case.edu)-.15 E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -.11(BU)72 100.8 S 2.738(GR) -.11 G(EPOR)-2.738 E(TS)-.438 E F0 .568(If you \214nd a b)108 112.8 R -.568(ug in)-.2 F/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash,)3.068 E F0 .568 -(you should report it.)3.068 F .568(But \214rst, you should mak)5.568 F -3.068(es)-.1 G .568(ure that it really is a b)-3.068 F .567(ug, and)-.2 -F 5.625(that it appears in the latest v)108 124.8 R 5.625(ersion of)-.15 -F F2(bash)8.125 E F0 10.625(.T)C 5.625(he latest v)-10.625 F 5.626 +(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)139.64 G(SH\(1\)).35 E/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(~/.inputr)109.666 84 Q(c)-.37 E F0(Indi)144 96 Q +(vidual)-.25 E F1 -.37(re)2.5 G(adline).37 E F0(initialization \214le) +2.5 E/F2 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF -.548(AU)72 112.8 S(THORS).548 E F0 +(Brian F)108 124.8 Q(ox, Free Softw)-.15 E(are F)-.1 E(oundation)-.15 E +(bfox@gnu.or)108 136.8 Q(g)-.18 E(Chet Rame)108 153.6 Q 1.3 -.65(y, C) +-.15 H(ase W).65 E(estern Reserv)-.8 E 2.5(eU)-.15 G(ni)-2.5 E -.15(ve) +-.25 G(rsity).15 E(chet.rame)108 165.6 Q(y@case.edu)-.15 E F2 -.11(BU)72 +182.4 S 2.738(GR).11 G(EPOR)-2.738 E(TS)-.438 E F0 .568 +(If you \214nd a b)108 194.4 R .568(ug in)-.2 F/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(bash,)3.068 E F0 .568(you should report it.)3.068 F .568 +(But \214rst, you should mak)5.568 F 3.068(es)-.1 G .568 +(ure that it really is a b)-3.068 F .567(ug, and)-.2 F 5.625 +(that it appears in the latest v)108 206.4 R 5.625(ersion of)-.15 F F3 +(bash)8.125 E F0 10.625(.T)C 5.625(he latest v)-10.625 F 5.626 (ersion is al)-.15 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 5.626(ys a).1 F -.25(va)-.2 G 5.626 -(ilable from).25 F/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(ftp://ftp.gnu.or)108 136.8 Q -(g/pub/gnu/bash/)-.37 E F0(.)A .411(Once you ha)108 153.6 R .711 -.15 -(ve d)-.2 H .411(etermined that a b).15 F .411(ug actually e)-.2 F .411 -(xists, use the)-.15 F F3(bashb)3.18 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .41 -(command to submit a b)3.13 F .41(ug report.)-.2 F(If)5.41 E .594 -(you ha)108 165.6 R .894 -.15(ve a \214)-.2 H .595 -(x, you are encouraged to mail that as well!).15 F .595 +(ilable from).25 F F1(ftp://ftp.gnu.or)108 218.4 Q(g/pub/gnu/bash/)-.37 +E F0(.)A .411(Once you ha)108 235.2 R .711 -.15(ve d)-.2 H .411 +(etermined that a b).15 F .411(ug actually e)-.2 F .411(xists, use the) +-.15 F F1(bashb)3.18 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .41(command to submit a b)3.13 F .41 +(ug report.)-.2 F(If)5.41 E .594(you ha)108 247.2 R .894 -.15(ve a \214) +-.2 H .595(x, you are encouraged to mail that as well!).15 F .595 (Suggestions and `philosophical' b)5.595 F .595(ug reports may)-.2 F -(be mailed to)108 177.6 Q F3 -.2(bu)2.5 G(g-bash@gnu.or).2 E(g)-.37 E F0 -(or posted to the Usenet ne)2.5 E(wsgroup)-.25 E F2(gnu.bash.b)2.5 E(ug) --.2 E F0(.)A(ALL b)108 194.4 Q(ug reports should include:)-.2 E(The v) -108 211.2 Q(ersion number of)-.15 E F2(bash)2.5 E F0(The hardw)108 223.2 -Q(are and operating system)-.1 E(The compiler used to compile)108 235.2 -Q 2.5(Ad)108 247.2 S(escription of the b)-2.5 E(ug beha)-.2 E(viour)-.2 -E 2.5(As)108 259.2 S(hort script or `recipe' which e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 -G(rcises the b).15 E(ug)-.2 E F3(bashb)108.27 276 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 +(be mailed to)108 259.2 Q F1 -.2(bu)2.5 G(g-bash@gnu.or).2 E(g)-.37 E F0 +(or posted to the Usenet ne)2.5 E(wsgroup)-.25 E F3(gnu.bash.b)2.5 E(ug) +-.2 E F0(.)A(ALL b)108 276 Q(ug reports should include:)-.2 E(The v)108 +292.8 Q(ersion number of)-.15 E F3(bash)2.5 E F0(The hardw)108 304.8 Q +(are and operating system)-.1 E(The compiler used to compile)108 316.8 Q +2.5(Ad)108 328.8 S(escription of the b)-2.5 E(ug beha)-.2 E(viour)-.2 E +2.5(As)108 340.8 S(hort script or `recipe' which e)-2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G +(rcises the b).15 E(ug)-.2 E F1(bashb)108.27 357.6 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 (inserts the \214rst three items automatically into the template it pro) 2.72 E(vides for \214ling a b)-.15 E(ug report.)-.2 E(Comments and b)108 -292.8 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2 -E F3 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et.r).15 E(ame)-.15 E(y@case)-.3 E(.edu)-.15 E F0(.) -.25 E F1 -.11(BU)72 309.6 S(GS).11 E F0(It')108 321.6 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G +374.4 Q(ug reports concerning this manual page should be directed to)-.2 +E F1 -.15(ch)2.5 G(et.r).15 E(ame)-.15 E(y@case)-.3 E(.edu)-.15 E F0(.) +.25 E F2 -.11(BU)72 391.2 S(GS).11 E F0(It')108 403.2 Q 2.5(st)-.55 G (oo big and too slo)-2.5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G 1.869 -(There are some subtle dif)108 338.4 R 1.869(ferences between)-.25 F F2 +(There are some subtle dif)108 420 R 1.869(ferences between)-.25 F F3 (bash)4.369 E F0 1.869(and traditional v)4.369 F 1.869(ersions of)-.15 F -F2(sh)4.368 E F0 4.368(,m)C 1.868(ostly because of the)-4.368 F/F4 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 350.4 Q F0(speci\214cation.)2.25 E -(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 367.2 Q(Shell b)108 384 Q +F3(sh)4.368 E F0 4.368(,m)C 1.868(ostly because of the)-4.368 F/F4 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(POSIX)108 432 Q F0(speci\214cation.)2.25 E +(Aliases are confusing in some uses.)108 448.8 Q(Shell b)108 465.6 Q (uiltin commands and functions are not stoppable/restartable.)-.2 E 1.315(Compound commands and command sequences of the form `a ; b ; c' a\ -re not handled gracefully when)108 400.8 R .39 -(process suspension is attempted.)108 412.8 R .389 +re not handled gracefully when)108 482.4 R .39 +(process suspension is attempted.)108 494.4 R .389 (When a process is stopped, the shell immediately e)5.39 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .389(cutes the ne).15 F .389(xt com-)-.15 F .192 -(mand in the sequence.)108 424.8 R .192(It suf)5.192 F .192(\214ces to \ +(mand in the sequence.)108 506.4 R .192(It suf)5.192 F .192(\214ces to \ place the sequence of commands between parentheses to force it into a) --.25 F(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 436.8 Q(Array v)108 -453.6 Q(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E -(There may be only one acti)108 470.4 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H -(oprocess at a time.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 June 5)150.675 E -(83)199.835 E 0 Cg EP +-.25 F(subshell, which may be stopped as a unit.)108 518.4 Q(Array v)108 +535.2 Q(ariables may not \(yet\) be e)-.25 E(xported.)-.15 E +(There may be only one acti)108 552 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H +(oprocess at a time.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 25)142.895 +E(83)192.055 E 0 Cg EP %%Trailer end %%EOF diff --git a/doc/bashbug.0 b/doc/bashbug.0 index e40eed37..373c47b1 100644 --- a/doc/bashbug.0 +++ b/doc/bashbug.0 @@ -29,9 +29,10 @@ EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT EEDDIITTOORR Specifies the preferred editor. If EEDDIITTOORR is not set, bbaasshhbbuugg attempts to locate a number of alternative editors, including - eemmaaccss, and defaults to vvii. + eemmaaccss. If bbaasshhbbuugg cannot locate any of the alternative editors, + it attempts to execute vvii. - HHOOMMEE Directory in which the failed bug report is saved if the mail + HHOOMMEE Directory in which the failed bug report is saved if the mail fails. TTMMPPDDIIRR Directory in which to create temporary files and directories. @@ -48,4 +49,4 @@ AAUUTTHHOORRSS -GNU Bash-4.4 2016 February 15 BASHBUG(1) +GNU Bash 5.1 2020 August 1 BASHBUG(1) diff --git a/doc/bashbug.1 b/doc/bashbug.1 index 61d9122a..abcaf482 100644 --- a/doc/bashbug.1 +++ b/doc/bashbug.1 @@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ .\" Case Western Reserve University .\" chet@po.cwru.edu .\" -.\" Last Change: Mon Feb 15 14:42:40 EST 2016 +.\" Last Change: Sun Aug 2 15:39:07 EDT 2020 .\" -.TH BASHBUG 1 "2016 February 15" "GNU Bash-4.4" +.TH BASHBUG 1 "2020 August 1" "GNU Bash 5.1" .SH NAME bashbug \- report a bug in bash .SH SYNOPSIS @@ -44,8 +44,10 @@ Specifies the preferred editor. If is not set, .B bashbug attempts to locate a number of alternative editors, including -.BR emacs , -and defaults to \fBvi\fP. +.BR emacs . +If +.B bashbug +cannot locate any of the alternative editors, it attempts to execute \fBvi\fP. .TP .B HOME Directory in which the failed bug report is saved if the mail fails. diff --git a/doc/bashbug.ps b/doc/bashbug.ps index a5df73f5..9c60a331 100644 --- a/doc/bashbug.ps +++ b/doc/bashbug.ps @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 -%%Creator: groff version 1.22.3 -%%CreationDate: Mon Mar 28 15:34:55 2016 +%%Creator: groff version 1.22.4 +%%CreationDate: Fri Aug 7 11:58:10 2020 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic -%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.22 3 +%%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.22 4 %%Pages: 1 %%PageOrder: Ascend %%DocumentMedia: Default 612 792 0 () () @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ %%PageMedia: Default %%EndDefaults %%BeginProlog -%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.22 3 +%%BeginResource: procset grops 1.22 4 %!PS-Adobe-3.0 Resource-ProcSet /setpacking where{ pop @@ -275,20 +275,23 @@ E(vironment v)-.4 E(ariables if the)-.25 E 2.5(ye)-.15 G(xist:)-2.65 E F2(EDIT)108 300 Q(OR)-.18 E F0 .327(Speci\214es the preferred editor)144 312 R 2.827(.I)-.55 G(f)-2.827 E F4(EDIT)2.827 E(OR)-.162 E F0 .327 (is not set,)2.577 F F2(bashb)2.827 E(ug)-.2 E F0 .328 -(attempts to locate a number of alter)2.827 F(-)-.2 E(nati)144 324 Q .3 --.15(ve e)-.25 H(ditors, including).15 E F2(emacs)2.5 E F0 2.5(,a)C -(nd def)-2.5 E(aults to)-.1 E F2(vi)2.5 E F0(.)A F2(HOME)108 340.8 Q F0 -(Directory in which the f)144 352.8 Q(ailed b)-.1 E(ug report is sa)-.2 -E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(di).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G(he mail f)-2.5 E(ails.)-.1 E -F2(TMPDIR)108 369.6 Q F0 +(attempts to locate a number of alter)2.827 F(-)-.2 E(nati)144 324 Q +1.925 -.15(ve e)-.25 H 1.625(ditors, including).15 F F2(emacs)4.125 E F0 +6.625(.I)C(f)-6.625 E F2(bashb)4.125 E(ug)-.2 E F0 1.625 +(cannot locate an)4.125 F 4.125(yo)-.15 G 4.125(ft)-4.125 G 1.625 +(he alternati)-4.125 F 1.925 -.15(ve e)-.25 H 1.625(ditors, it at-).15 F +(tempts to e)144 336 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cute).15 E F2(vi)2.5 E F0(.)A F2 +(HOME)108 352.8 Q F0(Directory in which the f)144 364.8 Q(ailed b)-.1 E +(ug report is sa)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(di).15 G 2.5(ft)-2.5 G +(he mail f)-2.5 E(ails.)-.1 E F2(TMPDIR)108 381.6 Q F0 (Directory in which to create temporary \214les and directories.)144 -381.6 Q F1(SEE ALSO)72 398.4 Q F3(bash)108 410.4 Q F0(\(1\))A F1 -.548 -(AU)72 427.2 S(THORS).548 E F0(Brian F)108 439.2 Q(ox, Free Softw)-.15 E -(are F)-.1 E(oundation)-.15 E(bfox@gnu.or)108 451.2 Q(g)-.18 E -(Chet Rame)108 468 Q 1.3 -.65(y, C)-.15 H(ase W).65 E(estern Reserv)-.8 +393.6 Q F1(SEE ALSO)72 410.4 Q F3(bash)108 422.4 Q F0(\(1\))A F1 -.548 +(AU)72 439.2 S(THORS).548 E F0(Brian F)108 451.2 Q(ox, Free Softw)-.15 E +(are F)-.1 E(oundation)-.15 E(bfox@gnu.or)108 463.2 Q(g)-.18 E +(Chet Rame)108 480 Q 1.3 -.65(y, C)-.15 H(ase W).65 E(estern Reserv)-.8 E 2.5(eU)-.15 G(ni)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E(chet@po.cwru.edu) -108 480 Q(GNU Bash-4.4)72 768 Q(2016 February 15)138.46 E(1)193.45 E 0 -Cg EP +108 492 Q(GNU Bash 5.1)72 768 Q(2020 August 1)145.395 E(1)199.555 E 0 Cg +EP %%Trailer end %%EOF diff --git a/doc/bashref.dvi b/doc/bashref.dvi Binary files differindex 2b436881..d031d4ac 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.dvi +++ b/doc/bashref.dvi diff --git a/doc/bashref.html b/doc/bashref.html index 0a871c6a..2c1cfadf 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.html +++ b/doc/bashref.html @@ -1,9 +1,9 @@ <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <!-- This text is a brief description of the features that are present in -the Bash shell (version 5.1, 5 June 2020). +the Bash shell (version 5.1, 25 August 2020). -This is Edition 5.1, last updated 5 June 2020, +This is Edition 5.1, last updated 25 August 2020, of The GNU Bash Reference Manual, for Bash, Version 5.1. @@ -275,10 +275,10 @@ Next: <a href="#Introduction" accesskey="n" rel="next">Introduction</a>, Previou <span id="Bash-Features-1"></span><h1 class="top">Bash Features</h1> <p>This text is a brief description of the features that are present in -the Bash shell (version 5.1, 5 June 2020). +the Bash shell (version 5.1, 25 August 2020). The Bash home page is <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/">http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/</a>. </p> -<p>This is Edition 5.1, last updated 5 June 2020, +<p>This is Edition 5.1, last updated 25 August 2020, of <cite>The GNU Bash Reference Manual</cite>, for <code>Bash</code>, Version 5.1. </p> @@ -3229,7 +3229,7 @@ by {<var>varname</var>}, the value of <var>varname</var> defines the file descriptor to close. If {<var>varname</var>} is supplied, the redirection persists beyond the scope of the command, allowing the shell programmer to manage -the file descriptor himself. +the file descriptor’s lifetime manually. </p> <p>In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is omitted, and the first character of the redirection operator is @@ -4322,7 +4322,7 @@ and not during the execution of a script by <code>.</code> or <code>source</code <p>Shift the positional parameters to the left by <var>n</var>. The positional parameters from <var>n</var>+1 … <code>$#</code> are renamed to <code>$1</code> … <code>$#</code>-<var>n</var>. -Parameters represented by the numbers <code>$#</code> to <code>$#</code>-<var>n</var>+1 +Parameters represented by the numbers <code>$#</code> down to <code>$#</code>-<var>n</var>+1 are unset. <var>n</var> must be a non-negative number less than or equal to <code>$#</code>. If <var>n</var> is zero or greater than <code>$#</code>, the positional parameters @@ -5040,6 +5040,8 @@ If <var>name</var> is ‘<samp>-</samp>’, the set of shell options is function in which <code>local</code> is invoked: shell options changed using the <code>set</code> builtin inside the function are restored to their original values when the function returns. +The restore is effected as if a series of <code>set</code> commands were executed +to restore the values that were in place before the function. The return status is zero unless <code>local</code> is used outside a function, an invalid <var>name</var> is supplied, or <var>name</var> is a readonly variable. @@ -5197,12 +5199,6 @@ are used to split the line into words using the same rules the shell uses for expansion (described above in <a href="#Word-Splitting">Word Splitting</a>). The backslash character ‘<samp>\</samp>’ may be used to remove any special meaning for the next character read and for line continuation. -If no names are supplied, the line read is assigned to the -variable <code>REPLY</code>. -The exit status is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, <code>read</code> -times out (in which case the status is greater than 128), -a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a readonly variable) occurs, -or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to <samp>-u</samp>. </p> <p>Options, if supplied, have the following meanings: </p> @@ -5290,6 +5286,15 @@ The exit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded. </p></dd> </dl> +<p>If no <var>name</var>s are supplied, the line read, +without the ending delimiter but otherwise unmodified, +is assigned to the +variable <code>REPLY</code>. +The exit status is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, <code>read</code> +times out (in which case the status is greater than 128), +a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a readonly variable) occurs, +or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to <samp>-u</samp>. +</p> </dd> <dt><code>readarray</code></dt> <dd><span id="index-readarray"></span> @@ -6289,12 +6294,7 @@ by default. </p> </dd> </dl> - -<p>The return status when listing options is zero if all <var>optnames</var> -are enabled, non-zero otherwise. -When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an -<var>optname</var> is not a valid shell option. -</p></dd> +</dd> </dl> <hr> @@ -7322,15 +7322,14 @@ not already set. is readonly. </p> </dd> -<dt><code>PROMPT_COMMANDS</code> -<span id="index-PROMPT_005fCOMMANDS"></span> +<dt><code>PROMPT_COMMAND</code> +<span id="index-PROMPT_005fCOMMAND"></span> </dt> -<dd><p>If this array variable is set, +<dd><p>If this variable is set, and is an array, the value of each set element is interpreted as a command to execute before printing the primary prompt (<code>$PS1</code>). -If this is not set, but -<code>PROMPT_COMMAND</code> -is set to a value, its value is used as a command to execute instead. +If this is set but not an array variable, +its value is used as a command to execute instead. </p> </dd> <dt><code>PROMPT_DIRTRIM</code> @@ -9347,6 +9346,10 @@ more randomness. If the shell compatibility level is set to 50 or lower, it reverts to the method from bash-5.0 and previous versions, so seeding the random number generator by assigning a value to <code>RANDOM</code> will produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0 +</li><li> If the command hash table is empty, Bash versions prior to bash-5.1 +printed an informational message to that effect, even when producing +output that can be reused as input. Bash-5.1 suppresses that message +when the <samp>-l</samp> option is supplied. </li></ul> </dd> </dl> @@ -10218,9 +10221,9 @@ replaced with an ellipsis when displaying possible completions. <dd><span id="index-completion_002dquery_002ditems"></span> <p>The number of possible completions that determines when the user is asked whether the list of possibilities should be displayed. -If the number of possible completions is greater than this value, -Readline will ask the user whether or not he wishes to view -them; otherwise, they are simply listed. +If the number of possible completions is greater than or equal to this value, +Readline will ask whether or not the user wishes to view them; +otherwise, they are simply listed. This variable must be set to an integer value greater than or equal to 0. A negative value means Readline should never ask. The default limit is <code>100</code>. @@ -10907,8 +10910,8 @@ set convert-meta off # rather than as meta-prefixed characters set output-meta on -# if there are more than 150 possible completions for -# a word, ask the user if he wants to see all of them +# if there are 150 or more possible completions for a word, +# ask whether or not the user wants to see all of them set completion-query-items 150 # For FTP @@ -11108,6 +11111,7 @@ being entered. </dt> <dd><p>Search backward starting at the current line and moving ‘up’ through the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. +This command sets the region to the matched text and activates the mark. </p> </dd> <dt><code>forward-search-history (C-s)</code> @@ -11115,6 +11119,7 @@ the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. </dt> <dd><p>Search forward starting at the current line and moving ‘down’ through the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. +This command sets the region to the matched text and activates the mark. </p> </dd> <dt><code>non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)</code> @@ -11281,6 +11286,11 @@ each character as if it had been read from the keyboard. The characters are inserted as if each one was bound to <code>self-insert</code> instead of executing any editing commands. </p> +<p>Bracketed paste sets the region (the characters between point and the mark) +to the inserted text. It uses the concept of an <em>active mark</em>: when the +mark is active, Readline redisplay uses the terminal’s standout mode to +denote the region. +</p> </dd> <dt><code>transpose-chars (C-t)</code> <span id="index-transpose_002dchars-_0028C_002dt_0029"></span> @@ -11354,12 +11364,16 @@ Next: <a href="#Numeric-Arguments" accesskey="n" rel="next">Numeric Arguments</a <span id="index-kill_002dline-_0028C_002dk_0029"></span> </dt> <dd><p>Kill the text from point to the end of the line. +With a negative numeric argument, kill backward from the cursor to the +beginning of the current line. </p> </dd> <dt><code>backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)</code> <span id="index-backward_002dkill_002dline-_0028C_002dx-Rubout_0029"></span> </dt> <dd><p>Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line. +With a negative numeric argument, kill forward from the cursor to the +end of the current line. </p> </dd> <dt><code>unix-line-discard (C-u)</code> @@ -15230,7 +15244,7 @@ Next: <a href="#Function-Index" accesskey="n" rel="next">Function Index</a>, Pre <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-PIPESTATUS"><code>PIPESTATUS</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Bash-Variables">Bash Variables</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-POSIXLY_005fCORRECT"><code>POSIXLY_CORRECT</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Bash-Variables">Bash Variables</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-PPID"><code>PPID</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Bash-Variables">Bash Variables</a></td></tr> -<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-PROMPT_005fCOMMANDS"><code>PROMPT_COMMANDS</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Bash-Variables">Bash Variables</a></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-PROMPT_005fCOMMAND"><code>PROMPT_COMMAND</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Bash-Variables">Bash Variables</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-PROMPT_005fDIRTRIM"><code>PROMPT_DIRTRIM</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Bash-Variables">Bash Variables</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-PS0"><code>PS0</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Bash-Variables">Bash Variables</a></td></tr> <tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-PS1"><code>PS1</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Bourne-Shell-Variables">Bourne Shell Variables</a></td></tr> diff --git a/doc/bashref.info b/doc/bashref.info index 463ae366..829572d3 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.info +++ b/doc/bashref.info @@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ This is bashref.info, produced by makeinfo version 6.7 from bashref.texi. This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the -Bash shell (version 5.1, 5 June 2020). +Bash shell (version 5.1, 25 August 2020). - This is Edition 5.1, last updated 5 June 2020, of 'The GNU Bash + This is Edition 5.1, last updated 25 August 2020, of 'The GNU Bash Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.1. Copyright (C) 1988-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ Bash Features ************* This text is a brief description of the features that are present in the -Bash shell (version 5.1, 5 June 2020). The Bash home page is +Bash shell (version 5.1, 25 August 2020). The Bash home page is <http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/>. - This is Edition 5.1, last updated 5 June 2020, of 'The GNU Bash + This is Edition 5.1, last updated 25 August 2020, of 'The GNU Bash Reference Manual', for 'Bash', Version 5.1. Bash contains features that appear in other popular shells, and some @@ -2322,7 +2322,7 @@ file descriptor greater than 10 and assign it to {VARNAME}. If >&- or <&- is preceded by {VARNAME}, the value of VARNAME defines the file descriptor to close. If {VARNAME} is supplied, the redirection persists beyond the scope of the command, allowing the shell programmer to manage -the file descriptor himself. +the file descriptor's lifetime manually. In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is omitted, and the first character of the redirection operator is '<', the @@ -3202,12 +3202,12 @@ standard. Shift the positional parameters to the left by N. The positional parameters from N+1 ... '$#' are renamed to '$1' ... '$#'-N. - Parameters represented by the numbers '$#' to '$#'-N+1 are unset. - N must be a non-negative number less than or equal to '$#'. If N - is zero or greater than '$#', the positional parameters are not - changed. If N is not supplied, it is assumed to be 1. The return - status is zero unless N is greater than '$#' or less than zero, - non-zero otherwise. + Parameters represented by the numbers '$#' down to '$#'-N+1 are + unset. N must be a non-negative number less than or equal to '$#'. + If N is zero or greater than '$#', the positional parameters are + not changed. If N is not supplied, it is assumed to be 1. The + return status is zero unless N is greater than '$#' or less than + zero, non-zero otherwise. 'test' '[' @@ -3746,9 +3746,11 @@ standard. and its children. If NAME is '-', the set of shell options is made local to the function in which 'local' is invoked: shell options changed using the 'set' builtin inside the function are restored to - their original values when the function returns. The return status - is zero unless 'local' is used outside a function, an invalid NAME - is supplied, or NAME is a readonly variable. + their original values when the function returns. The restore is + effected as if a series of 'set' commands were executed to restore + the values that were in place before the function. The return + status is zero unless 'local' is used outside a function, an + invalid NAME is supplied, or NAME is a readonly variable. 'logout' logout [N] @@ -3866,13 +3868,7 @@ standard. line into words using the same rules the shell uses for expansion (described above in *note Word Splitting::). The backslash character '\' may be used to remove any special meaning for the - next character read and for line continuation. If no names are - supplied, the line read is assigned to the variable 'REPLY'. The - exit status is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, 'read' - times out (in which case the status is greater than 128), a - variable assignment error (such as assigning to a readonly - variable) occurs, or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the - argument to '-u'. + next character read and for line continuation. Options, if supplied, have the following meanings: @@ -3944,6 +3940,14 @@ standard. '-u FD' Read input from file descriptor FD. + If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read, without the ending + delimiter but otherwise unmodified, is assigned to the variable + 'REPLY'. The exit status is zero, unless end-of-file is + encountered, 'read' times out (in which case the status is greater + than 128), a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a + readonly variable) occurs, or an invalid file descriptor is + supplied as the argument to '-u'. + 'readarray' readarray [-d DELIM] [-n COUNT] [-O ORIGIN] [-s COUNT] [-t] [-u FD] [-C CALLBACK] [-c QUANTUM] [ARRAY] @@ -4746,11 +4750,6 @@ This builtin allows you to change additional shell optional behavior. If set, the 'echo' builtin expands backslash-escape sequences by default. - The return status when listing options is zero if all OPTNAMES are - enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting options, - the return status is zero unless an OPTNAME is not a valid shell - option. - File: bashref.info, Node: Special Builtins, Prev: Modifying Shell Behavior, Up: Shell Builtin Commands @@ -5423,11 +5422,11 @@ Variables::). The process ID of the shell's parent process. This variable is readonly. -'PROMPT_COMMANDS' - If this array variable is set, the value of each set element is - interpreted as a command to execute before printing the primary - prompt ('$PS1'). If this is not set, but 'PROMPT_COMMAND' is set - to a value, its value is used as a command to execute instead. +'PROMPT_COMMAND' + If this variable is set, and is an array, the value of each set + element is interpreted as a command to execute before printing the + primary prompt ('$PS1'). If this is set but not an array variable, + its value is used as a command to execute instead. 'PROMPT_DIRTRIM' If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the @@ -7032,6 +7031,10 @@ required for bash-5.1 and later versions. previous versions, so seeding the random number generator by assigning a value to 'RANDOM' will produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0 + * If the command hash table is empty, Bash versions prior to + bash-5.1 printed an informational message to that effect, even + when producing output that can be reused as input. Bash-5.1 + suppresses that message when the '-l' option is supplied. File: bashref.info, Node: Job Control, Next: Command Line Editing, Prev: Bash Features, Up: Top @@ -7698,11 +7701,11 @@ Variable Settings The number of possible completions that determines when the user is asked whether the list of possibilities should be displayed. If the number of possible completions is greater - than this value, Readline will ask the user whether or not he - wishes to view them; otherwise, they are simply listed. This - variable must be set to an integer value greater than or equal - to 0. A negative value means Readline should never ask. The - default limit is '100'. + than or equal to this value, Readline will ask whether or not + the user wishes to view them; otherwise, they are simply + listed. This variable must be set to an integer value greater + than or equal to 0. A negative value means Readline should + never ask. The default limit is '100'. 'convert-meta' If set to 'on', Readline will convert characters with the @@ -8229,8 +8232,8 @@ variable assignment, and conditional syntax. # rather than as meta-prefixed characters set output-meta on - # if there are more than 150 possible completions for - # a word, ask the user if he wants to see all of them + # if there are 150 or more possible completions for a word, + # ask whether or not the user wants to see all of them set completion-query-items 150 # For FTP @@ -8358,10 +8361,14 @@ File: bashref.info, Node: Commands For History, Next: Commands For Text, Prev 'reverse-search-history (C-r)' Search backward starting at the current line and moving 'up' through the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. + This command sets the region to the matched text and activates the + mark. 'forward-search-history (C-s)' Search forward starting at the current line and moving 'down' through the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. + This command sets the region to the matched text and activates the + mark. 'non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p)' Search backward starting at the current line and moving 'up' @@ -8469,6 +8476,11 @@ File: bashref.info, Node: Commands For Text, Next: Commands For Killing, Prev was bound to 'self-insert' instead of executing any editing commands. + Bracketed paste sets the region (the characters between point and + the mark) to the inserted text. It uses the concept of an _active + mark_: when the mark is active, Readline redisplay uses the + terminal's standout mode to denote the region. + 'transpose-chars (C-t)' Drag the character before the cursor forward over the character at the cursor, moving the cursor forward as well. If the insertion @@ -8513,10 +8525,14 @@ File: bashref.info, Node: Commands For Killing, Next: Numeric Arguments, Prev ------------------------- 'kill-line (C-k)' - Kill the text from point to the end of the line. + Kill the text from point to the end of the line. With a negative + numeric argument, kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of + the current line. 'backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout)' Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line. + With a negative numeric argument, kill forward from the cursor to + the end of the current line. 'unix-line-discard (C-u)' Kill backward from the cursor to the beginning of the current line. @@ -11284,17 +11300,17 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands (line 58) * let: Bash Builtins. (line 350) * local: Bash Builtins. (line 358) -* logout: Bash Builtins. (line 372) -* mapfile: Bash Builtins. (line 377) +* logout: Bash Builtins. (line 374) +* mapfile: Bash Builtins. (line 379) * popd: Directory Stack Builtins. (line 35) -* printf: Bash Builtins. (line 423) +* printf: Bash Builtins. (line 425) * pushd: Directory Stack Builtins. (line 53) * pwd: Bourne Shell Builtins. (line 207) -* read: Bash Builtins. (line 472) -* readarray: Bash Builtins. (line 566) +* read: Bash Builtins. (line 474) +* readarray: Bash Builtins. (line 570) * readonly: Bourne Shell Builtins. (line 217) * return: Bourne Shell Builtins. @@ -11303,7 +11319,7 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands * shift: Bourne Shell Builtins. (line 257) * shopt: The Shopt Builtin. (line 9) -* source: Bash Builtins. (line 575) +* source: Bash Builtins. (line 579) * suspend: Job Control Builtins. (line 113) * test: Bourne Shell Builtins. @@ -11312,12 +11328,12 @@ D.1 Index of Shell Builtin Commands (line 349) * trap: Bourne Shell Builtins. (line 355) -* type: Bash Builtins. (line 580) -* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 612) -* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 618) +* type: Bash Builtins. (line 584) +* typeset: Bash Builtins. (line 616) +* ulimit: Bash Builtins. (line 622) * umask: Bourne Shell Builtins. (line 404) -* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 721) +* unalias: Bash Builtins. (line 725) * unset: Bourne Shell Builtins. (line 422) * wait: Job Control Builtins. @@ -11551,7 +11567,7 @@ D.3 Parameter and Variable Index * PIPESTATUS: Bash Variables. (line 553) * POSIXLY_CORRECT: Bash Variables. (line 558) * PPID: Bash Variables. (line 568) -* PROMPT_COMMANDS: Bash Variables. (line 572) +* PROMPT_COMMAND: Bash Variables. (line 572) * PROMPT_DIRTRIM: Bash Variables. (line 578) * PS0: Bash Variables. (line 584) * PS1: Bourne Shell Variables. @@ -11612,16 +11628,16 @@ D.4 Function Index * backward-char (C-b): Commands For Moving. (line 15) * backward-delete-char (Rubout): Commands For Text. (line 17) * backward-kill-line (C-x Rubout): Commands For Killing. - (line 9) + (line 11) * backward-kill-word (M-<DEL>): Commands For Killing. - (line 24) + (line 28) * backward-word (M-b): Commands For Moving. (line 22) * beginning-of-history (M-<): Commands For History. (line 20) * beginning-of-line (C-a): Commands For Moving. (line 6) * bracketed-paste-begin (): Commands For Text. (line 33) * call-last-kbd-macro (C-x e): Keyboard Macros. (line 13) -* capitalize-word (M-c): Commands For Text. (line 61) +* capitalize-word (M-c): Commands For Text. (line 66) * character-search (C-]): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 42) * character-search-backward (M-C-]): Miscellaneous Commands. @@ -11643,24 +11659,24 @@ D.4 Function Index * complete-variable (M-$): Commands For Completion. (line 64) * copy-backward-word (): Commands For Killing. - (line 65) + (line 69) * copy-forward-word (): Commands For Killing. - (line 70) + (line 74) * copy-region-as-kill (): Commands For Killing. - (line 61) + (line 65) * dabbrev-expand (): Commands For Completion. (line 95) * delete-char (C-d): Commands For Text. (line 12) * delete-char-or-list (): Commands For Completion. (line 43) * delete-horizontal-space (): Commands For Killing. - (line 53) + (line 57) * digit-argument (M-0, M-1, ... M--): Numeric Arguments. (line 6) * display-shell-version (C-x C-v): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 110) * do-lowercase-version (M-A, M-B, M-X, ...): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 14) -* downcase-word (M-l): Commands For Text. (line 57) +* downcase-word (M-l): Commands For Text. (line 62) * dump-functions (): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 74) * dump-macros (): Miscellaneous Commands. @@ -11681,7 +11697,7 @@ D.4 Function Index * forward-backward-delete-char (): Commands For Text. (line 21) * forward-char (C-f): Commands For Moving. (line 12) * forward-search-history (C-s): Commands For History. - (line 31) + (line 33) * forward-word (M-f): Commands For Moving. (line 18) * glob-complete-word (M-g): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 92) @@ -11694,13 +11710,13 @@ D.4 Function Index * history-expand-line (M-^): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 118) * history-search-backward (): Commands For History. - (line 53) + (line 57) * history-search-forward (): Commands For History. - (line 47) + (line 51) * history-substring-search-backward (): Commands For History. - (line 65) + (line 69) * history-substring-search-forward (): Commands For History. - (line 59) + (line 63) * insert-comment (M-#): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 61) * insert-completions (M-*): Commands For Completion. @@ -11710,11 +11726,11 @@ D.4 Function Index * kill-line (C-k): Commands For Killing. (line 6) * kill-region (): Commands For Killing. - (line 57) + (line 61) * kill-whole-line (): Commands For Killing. - (line 15) -* kill-word (M-d): Commands For Killing. (line 19) +* kill-word (M-d): Commands For Killing. + (line 23) * magic-space (): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 121) * menu-complete (): Commands For Completion. @@ -11725,12 +11741,12 @@ D.4 Function Index (line 17) * next-screen-line (): Commands For Moving. (line 41) * non-incremental-forward-search-history (M-n): Commands For History. - (line 41) + (line 45) * non-incremental-reverse-search-history (M-p): Commands For History. - (line 35) + (line 39) * operate-and-get-next (C-o): Commands For History. - (line 92) -* overwrite-mode (): Commands For Text. (line 65) + (line 96) +* overwrite-mode (): Commands For Text. (line 70) * possible-command-completions (C-x !): Commands For Completion. (line 86) * possible-completions (M-?): Commands For Completion. @@ -11761,40 +11777,40 @@ D.4 Function Index * set-mark (C-@): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 33) * shell-backward-kill-word (): Commands For Killing. - (line 33) + (line 37) * shell-backward-word (M-C-b): Commands For Moving. (line 30) * shell-expand-line (M-C-e): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 113) * shell-forward-word (M-C-f): Commands For Moving. (line 26) * shell-kill-word (M-C-d): Commands For Killing. - (line 28) + (line 32) * shell-transpose-words (M-C-t): Commands For Killing. - (line 37) + (line 41) * skip-csi-sequence (): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 52) * start-kbd-macro (C-x (): Keyboard Macros. (line 6) * tilde-expand (M-&): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 30) -* transpose-chars (C-t): Commands For Text. (line 42) -* transpose-words (M-t): Commands For Text. (line 48) +* transpose-chars (C-t): Commands For Text. (line 47) +* transpose-words (M-t): Commands For Text. (line 53) * undo (C-_ or C-x C-u): Miscellaneous Commands. (line 23) * universal-argument (): Numeric Arguments. (line 10) * unix-filename-rubout (): Commands For Killing. - (line 48) + (line 52) * unix-line-discard (C-u): Commands For Killing. - (line 12) + (line 16) * unix-word-rubout (C-w): Commands For Killing. - (line 44) -* upcase-word (M-u): Commands For Text. (line 53) + (line 48) +* upcase-word (M-u): Commands For Text. (line 58) * yank (C-y): Commands For Killing. - (line 75) + (line 79) * yank-last-arg (M-. or M-_): Commands For History. - (line 80) + (line 84) * yank-nth-arg (M-C-y): Commands For History. - (line 71) + (line 75) * yank-pop (M-y): Commands For Killing. - (line 78) + (line 82) File: bashref.info, Node: Concept Index, Prev: Function Index, Up: Indexes @@ -11963,66 +11979,66 @@ D.5 Concept Index Tag Table: -Node: Top887 -Node: Introduction2797 -Node: What is Bash?3013 -Node: What is a shell?4127 -Node: Definitions6665 -Node: Basic Shell Features9616 -Node: Shell Syntax10835 -Node: Shell Operation11861 -Node: Quoting13154 -Node: Escape Character14454 -Node: Single Quotes14939 -Node: Double Quotes15287 -Node: ANSI-C Quoting16565 -Node: Locale Translation17824 -Node: Comments18977 -Node: Shell Commands19595 -Node: Reserved Words20533 -Node: Simple Commands21289 -Node: Pipelines21943 -Node: Lists24875 -Node: Compound Commands26666 -Node: Looping Constructs27678 -Node: Conditional Constructs30173 -Node: Command Grouping41744 -Node: Coprocesses43223 -Node: GNU Parallel45126 -Node: Shell Functions49427 -Node: Shell Parameters56634 -Node: Positional Parameters61047 -Node: Special Parameters61947 -Node: Shell Expansions65171 -Node: Brace Expansion67294 -Node: Tilde Expansion70017 -Node: Shell Parameter Expansion72634 -Node: Command Substitution87763 -Node: Arithmetic Expansion89118 -Node: Process Substitution90050 -Node: Word Splitting91170 -Node: Filename Expansion93114 -Node: Pattern Matching95663 -Node: Quote Removal99649 -Node: Redirections99944 -Node: Executing Commands109502 -Node: Simple Command Expansion110172 -Node: Command Search and Execution112126 -Node: Command Execution Environment114502 -Node: Environment117486 -Node: Exit Status119145 -Node: Signals120815 -Node: Shell Scripts122782 -Node: Shell Builtin Commands125794 -Node: Bourne Shell Builtins127832 -Node: Bash Builtins148756 -Node: Modifying Shell Behavior178486 -Node: The Set Builtin178831 -Node: The Shopt Builtin189244 -Node: Special Builtins204380 -Node: Shell Variables205359 -Node: Bourne Shell Variables205796 -Node: Bash Variables207900 +Node: Top893 +Node: Introduction2809 +Node: What is Bash?3025 +Node: What is a shell?4139 +Node: Definitions6677 +Node: Basic Shell Features9628 +Node: Shell Syntax10847 +Node: Shell Operation11873 +Node: Quoting13166 +Node: Escape Character14466 +Node: Single Quotes14951 +Node: Double Quotes15299 +Node: ANSI-C Quoting16577 +Node: Locale Translation17836 +Node: Comments18989 +Node: Shell Commands19607 +Node: Reserved Words20545 +Node: Simple Commands21301 +Node: Pipelines21955 +Node: Lists24887 +Node: Compound Commands26678 +Node: Looping Constructs27690 +Node: Conditional Constructs30185 +Node: Command Grouping41756 +Node: Coprocesses43235 +Node: GNU Parallel45138 +Node: Shell Functions49439 +Node: Shell Parameters56646 +Node: Positional Parameters61059 +Node: Special Parameters61959 +Node: Shell Expansions65183 +Node: Brace Expansion67306 +Node: Tilde Expansion70029 +Node: Shell Parameter Expansion72646 +Node: Command Substitution87775 +Node: Arithmetic Expansion89130 +Node: Process Substitution90062 +Node: Word Splitting91182 +Node: Filename Expansion93126 +Node: Pattern Matching95675 +Node: Quote Removal99661 +Node: Redirections99956 +Node: Executing Commands109526 +Node: Simple Command Expansion110196 +Node: Command Search and Execution112150 +Node: Command Execution Environment114526 +Node: Environment117510 +Node: Exit Status119169 +Node: Signals120839 +Node: Shell Scripts122806 +Node: Shell Builtin Commands125818 +Node: Bourne Shell Builtins127856 +Node: Bash Builtins148785 +Node: Modifying Shell Behavior178720 +Node: The Set Builtin179065 +Node: The Shopt Builtin189478 +Node: Special Builtins204388 +Node: Shell Variables205367 +Node: Bourne Shell Variables205804 +Node: Bash Variables207908 Node: Bash Features240478 Node: Invoking Bash241491 Node: Bash Startup Files247504 @@ -12040,60 +12056,60 @@ Node: Controlling the Prompt277893 Node: The Restricted Shell280843 Node: Bash POSIX Mode283437 Node: Shell Compatibility Mode294473 -Node: Job Control300848 -Node: Job Control Basics301308 -Node: Job Control Builtins306304 -Node: Job Control Variables311704 -Node: Command Line Editing312860 -Node: Introduction and Notation314531 -Node: Readline Interaction316154 -Node: Readline Bare Essentials317345 -Node: Readline Movement Commands319128 -Node: Readline Killing Commands320088 -Node: Readline Arguments322006 -Node: Searching323050 -Node: Readline Init File325236 -Node: Readline Init File Syntax326495 -Node: Conditional Init Constructs347025 -Node: Sample Init File351221 -Node: Bindable Readline Commands354338 -Node: Commands For Moving355542 -Node: Commands For History357593 -Node: Commands For Text362220 -Node: Commands For Killing365608 -Node: Numeric Arguments368423 -Node: Commands For Completion369562 -Node: Keyboard Macros373753 -Node: Miscellaneous Commands374440 -Node: Readline vi Mode380124 -Node: Programmable Completion381031 -Node: Programmable Completion Builtins388811 -Node: A Programmable Completion Example399506 -Node: Using History Interactively404753 -Node: Bash History Facilities405437 -Node: Bash History Builtins408442 -Node: History Interaction413171 -Node: Event Designators416791 -Node: Word Designators418145 -Node: Modifiers419905 -Node: Installing Bash421716 -Node: Basic Installation422853 -Node: Compilers and Options426111 -Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures426852 -Node: Installation Names428545 -Node: Specifying the System Type429363 -Node: Sharing Defaults430079 -Node: Operation Controls430752 -Node: Optional Features431710 -Node: Reporting Bugs442228 -Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell443422 -Node: GNU Free Documentation License460274 -Node: Indexes485451 -Node: Builtin Index485905 -Node: Reserved Word Index492732 -Node: Variable Index495180 -Node: Function Index511077 -Node: Concept Index524587 +Node: Job Control301129 +Node: Job Control Basics301589 +Node: Job Control Builtins306585 +Node: Job Control Variables311985 +Node: Command Line Editing313141 +Node: Introduction and Notation314812 +Node: Readline Interaction316435 +Node: Readline Bare Essentials317626 +Node: Readline Movement Commands319409 +Node: Readline Killing Commands320369 +Node: Readline Arguments322287 +Node: Searching323331 +Node: Readline Init File325517 +Node: Readline Init File Syntax326776 +Node: Conditional Init Constructs347315 +Node: Sample Init File351511 +Node: Bindable Readline Commands354635 +Node: Commands For Moving355839 +Node: Commands For History357890 +Node: Commands For Text362683 +Node: Commands For Killing366332 +Node: Numeric Arguments369365 +Node: Commands For Completion370504 +Node: Keyboard Macros374695 +Node: Miscellaneous Commands375382 +Node: Readline vi Mode381066 +Node: Programmable Completion381973 +Node: Programmable Completion Builtins389753 +Node: A Programmable Completion Example400448 +Node: Using History Interactively405695 +Node: Bash History Facilities406379 +Node: Bash History Builtins409384 +Node: History Interaction414113 +Node: Event Designators417733 +Node: Word Designators419087 +Node: Modifiers420847 +Node: Installing Bash422658 +Node: Basic Installation423795 +Node: Compilers and Options427053 +Node: Compiling For Multiple Architectures427794 +Node: Installation Names429487 +Node: Specifying the System Type430305 +Node: Sharing Defaults431021 +Node: Operation Controls431694 +Node: Optional Features432652 +Node: Reporting Bugs443170 +Node: Major Differences From The Bourne Shell444364 +Node: GNU Free Documentation License461216 +Node: Indexes486393 +Node: Builtin Index486847 +Node: Reserved Word Index493674 +Node: Variable Index496122 +Node: Function Index512019 +Node: Concept Index525529 End Tag Table diff --git a/doc/bashref.pdf b/doc/bashref.pdf Binary files differindex 463197d8..1999ecc3 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.pdf +++ b/doc/bashref.pdf diff --git a/doc/bashref.ps b/doc/bashref.ps index a0f9ffb6..ef713103 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.ps +++ b/doc/bashref.ps @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ %!PS-Adobe-2.0 %%Creator: dvips(k) 5.999 Copyright 2019 Radical Eye Software %%Title: bashref.dvi -%%CreationDate: Wed Jun 10 16:00:45 2020 +%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 7 13:52:24 2020 %%Pages: 189 %%PageOrder: Ascend %%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792 @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ %DVIPSWebPage: (www.radicaleye.com) %DVIPSCommandLine: dvips -D 600 -t letter -o bashref.ps bashref.dvi %DVIPSParameters: dpi=600 -%DVIPSSource: TeX output 2020.06.10:1200 +%DVIPSSource: TeX output 2020.09.07:0952 %%BeginProcSet: tex.pro 0 0 %! /TeXDict 300 dict def TeXDict begin/N{def}def/B{bind def}N/S{exch}N/X{S @@ -4958,6 +4958,7 @@ dup 100 /d put dup 101 /e put dup 103 /g put dup 105 /i put +dup 107 /k put dup 108 /l put dup 109 /m put dup 110 /n put @@ -5191,108 +5192,117 @@ F435BC210621851001B6A402E3A07D0F204A3B0D75DA3CD7FF6637D1F434B962 F404DB3C6BC318EF517AA0836A975C5196976250B5D6B21DF528FB47181F5279 E1EEBBA0F344D7EABE71904B5C1DB0FD07694C469085D50DF4990E294334E785 5E5BCC4ADCD38685147CE535B23F3027AAC01A0D65AC751D9CA289B4A8906A64 -165427976FE6FD699442196B0C247C960C9086AB2E440885D2C32FFC5FC7105F -6C40A76A1968AADBBAD6F3C21FBC076F4F67DE62E1CECD38BE03720FFA886743 -846FFD2005F85371FFB9C962AE2D88586DC9DA2F98996DF8572551C3D49E1ED4 -41248FA76E07B2A5CB9C3451247F60C7AA164ED895CD6290427E828A7FB72F71 -7CC249C92A012C0FE99FC07EE7E084E190CCCB95E66A39EAFA7934598C69F04C -68B2C68DF99ADB347AB05F1905B8704A51FBF9471FB20CCD3CC87EF9FD75DDDE -125EA68997DDE4174DFA0ADA2664E7209E4EA1B460CBDFA79D033D33FA9C5075 -DB424689F927F06ADB87DF0C3F4600ADC9CDB197E41430047247E7645A0AAFFE -750AA1A154498C0B5371ADB099C1E273DE2E367DDE7ADEC2CAF9406A67585AB0 -D39F051BC556A8E569AB9EA4E69557A1DFCB8CD459403A616821AC61E35DE1E9 -2673435E5969EE48F3B9F9777E5F70C682FB7C10E6E7FAC5F5732C9EC2DEFD5F -9A28572ACC62C108861AB22894979195B88E6A08A533629295A58643F854BC9E -082F9073AC94EE08DC1CFC626DE4D341D7994178E708D4D8226897B54CC2B4DE -B37D5BEDC430404177977EEEFD7201713AC45FE927D4FBA0F2613A2FBCF890C1 -908E1DBCCD277E78E42363374E103BBD6C3DAD925A9422469648B9D8BE7391F6 -B448994EA40AF3A3EA7E6E938D0F93B9EBB4E09B5D2E8D9ABF1F4AAEE8A0A304 -EDBA6DF569ECD449FF362660B11DE8A13A71C6C8186273C7417C4572DDD8B993 -C96289B16223B271D026929B2CB9D3AB7A3511F09C6F303A7006705482E9AEF4 -FC76BC1B1FD42095857751315F5B06701E774FF08920342667E99EBBF5A19210 -9AAEDC8033E06007AA89BEFA5A1616095A8E90C999BC3EB266879EDE7D1218F1 -3CB238D180C463AAF853E315CA564247B6E029D8200B9DB7B13EAE09264A5DD1 -4A080EAEDA74C7FD21BB208FD8EBEC1D650C0AE392C67D65C1773A68F2CA313C -15FE2E4A0B6E7DA9CE391BF6D854431F0EEB550A818B6B95EFE6F72504AF5CE9 -73DC8E3326E2E57F4031688F10D1C272D41AB40B7EBA371ED357E67C31DBFDA0 -B8412EDBFBC2B6F26FD7331BC965DDFB1A4A17B72BB94338283A8D9139B9816F -D13C12E07B69E9FBD0C5FA9B1DAC2E51324695102DAAFA746D969E5F64980707 -228DA50443B2917FF685F5872D782CA265734036B7A7D75588C638AB9687D34D -D0221C0B3EB0A8DFE91598F07CE2C35E1C4E01E26D0358841EDADA02D3844B26 -C39D492C480244124F422EFE57D38DD912EC98582F05C74B4ED83BE81C363376 -B816F23D10C5C8CA831E1351F3BF914B07F638FA5712A1E05E3B751E756296C9 -2FF074FFC22CFC383804A92057155C4E43FA4990734C83257E810F3C2A62F42C -B5328A41BE80C23F49479EF84BA8D13BF3A45EC435781B9480659A4D58041190 -3DA62807723CDF1EE71EFA22BB67887DA88EB20DDC0D1A36A75C06BBA651DE67 -651BB57824E4F5264DEAA04927D2A29730B7293E08FE3FAE5FF493EDDC0F2232 -9476F3CA26707E823808329390EC9D8913AAC2D8DF2A6B5673E1A0F4E7E67C9A -D006E7DD429BCC550DF7323DAB781F82A837C83C80DDB8970CE699153576ABD7 -4BA82C753C82F19E30B853DD086DB119C48ADA56C39352E3C6B1FA232390BA3D -02482A6B845C324593FF845A572E1F026941AE3DDBFF83E8230FD5214B631EDC -69E178C52B5FB4BFF0C89B756E759147596D038850F0A468B20163093F8BADE8 -FB0F718C66D82C41A29EBEC417DE0B72C4F8E746EEEA33F2BFC0063E2514456D -6EC34CA68E1C667D47FB582C3A259AF4D0859C68AAC0E5F89CC91A1F508CE835 -E29B7860E6484F8B0D75C1635A32FDE55F119C8222A5D00D9C45930C9F5C97BE -A28EFB48BEF95ABD910E66CBC4C34AF6299A84CA55F780A013E8B3DBC4E57F2A -1EEE358D24775DEC537CEE09212EB3208E497330427706696335F03BA50BD193 -E022E668C6602731D51102FB7BBBF43A630BC428FCE711882EFE6E7739DC10BB -63B60272DE6FE4841F7728EA80F871F1648E3478DA71BF29F66FC3565AC3C632 -AEDBCCDDA048A807FCB6CC497A1CA11C6E802C1ABEC3BD80E116A648531484F1 -722E3EDA1EAF6DFF1D3CBB1759C4AEF33A300E7770B8A24F7EAD130B31A0AEF6 -26C369A8DDD409A1343BB66DB2B2F7882FD168C008D5721B3EF2DE8B56EA35D9 -2E456FCEF55927D78D20A99B96EE83A25BAD4DB679511BF4E27E552F871612C9 -6B8C2D5BAF77B648C654AE0D9E6402998E07906B58984B94987216AB9EDB2699 -E0EDFB6AD08E25F2575E1B93157F2F6A0D215ADCE1D21AFB6E4DCA3635E2D4B7 -825A4EAF8568D1A2ED4D6E8C9C6DBFC08D259001EEA83D3ED9A416435A79B56B -3F7B0AE9A5781694E22FC68152BB68409B61B9A59CC8D58CE1EA9C0DBB329554 -44E4D85F3A4BFCF8AD90771A203FEBD6EE00D118EA5833C96F1BC0CAABFE69FB -0BCC46E7A3280E16976D86722168F695FB6422734512954A97AA0BA8AF8155ED -2434100023E1FFCC504AFFEF6C2F70B1F2506E53648271DDCB82754F9775C323 -B77590E86374A9B01FD57FBDD3F3BF8D61CACB66909E6C95C81BA7B083913635 -30C7C0BB9EB7310F23D2991BC6D5CFA9A35AAD04B14CC5540A16C9BE0094A8DB -058B1DC4D5744C8F89257A04B1D8544C1405D8FA71A780E92D767A170C269668 -202ABE3126680D93532C2EB8EC3A140D604C79906C626AB0185669AF9A425CAA -465C3DD47810CBA44AD7E2BFCA99FCDA98EB641608032051AC5CC30329C28536 -F5637FC7E371BEFE11320FDB5B6530E513CB14122289CEFA88A97733E4F888D1 -23030714F61091B5ADFFE84E3505E32C347EE1D624AE666E8BC6F416F78CF6F5 -96FE5D12F574F8114C71A10596847A8BA0B03DEDB6AC72F218129B223F422908 -138A916F2605142D5EFF5F4BDA5627E59DAAE09A674B7D5BCECDD63BF5E7C119 -410A36161335A18A93891CABC830833D1FAC47B7A85BC9EA27BCE6F727E7D35B -348918F512C3BF7769C185A277BA930170AAAC6708F04F00C47251D2679DB455 -F9BB928838F148C1AFEA1C56AA779C54948B9DC0E827706834D9469825FEB644 -6AF843E71E44D0380311A3A6D9B7543A6A24B475BEB483D63BAC1B9421211570 -FF9BEA65E81FDAAF0E00A1555B0A69C8355143DA9B547BD1AED32120C58AFA09 -AC34163ACFBFE0E00D57A5ECC73E522AF84A2EE0C9655C6AE6E67BF4473CD8A7 -E7F95AB4EEB4AF83ADF597547CDE2426F200FB8824E2A826356096B962F31B98 -AB1B27FD681C1F67EC07FFEE7240F704E925E62749E2D2C7CD85C61F14B8A03A -666339793934155EB270C0C7B58AB8DF6C52B72038257BE0CDDD9B2A484DC97E -862C67F7AEE273480192980A5BCD8CCDDB87CBED18899B09B0A485FB4A1FB061 -79A918589500995F12211C3E636FD1A7F6F746A231E42C80152EE4E2C1E65FC4 -4075CD6B10A7183C711573498FC034C82A5B66EED4F921646F8A9AC989F7C655 -BC0C74049D81A3AA11FFC20CD823BBBEB6E58FED16B9AC143EF2E2981BCB5605 -71C71C8BE4112AF04B3D2D9C46F948C8E3862AAF882871C3A05CF720DB14ABBD -B0B2A5C41E35DA879B3109E31226C317CE405C2186F54D710AA503B8EC76BE1D -BABDC05B316D5382568D4938C7D462B3009A648BDC22C640CE6E891375DC26F2 -A7B36C4F4DBF909B2858AD23DB71783204AFA075488322462A92F0E6739E0A28 -486BD3BC19B3665275ABE63BA5B31936B0097A08717141505568962BBD257511 -B714C52EE8CA7A37B3C0322B7F5A5690BE2FB23AA9FB322107CA58B4CA4032BD -2026815102CD4688655FACF599739F8C10EE5890AB65B167C5FC0C8F855EF2E5 -0B3F95EDE6BED4CC277CBFD004B7D13734F605E1B929204850434638F7244B70 -176FDEDEEED09D16703108DF3041687BE3EF06ECC78CA7BD028A24676753F889 -32E2B027250023B80E514BCE566E9CAB8F8B516544EED082741972528E2D9D94 -29D8F03449066FA4412350A5549767945AF5E678BCBE884532DA8C66A612465F -4E2D1CA7353C2F7E0418E1C989026583844702D344900E05FB45FED3401FBED1 -F63830D700F1EC2F4AED4EF8D077EB9903AE3E1AEC126EF9A03AC25D5FB37CD1 -8CAD9A29B803EE39CD78AEA670E2304EFDF0B9E52537DF6BDDD44022F0C00895 -6EDCCFCCD3430853617597EFDC25E915E4F977F9910D640FB088085A96E7FB59 -3570E01A50A7D4903E01C398B5F461BF23638812C245AAE2F5DE500FD2D44E57 -336BDD4B538C081BBFDEE78D8FC75A19F204A15C2E18BBE879BEC3F675663D3B -73124D4FE6BB1AA1E6E5D6FAB878B479523CC51E4E734AA090DC70DF610CE359 -8357A2C4842AEC553871063A9127C952AC9A64FE3891CD4D0879B41CAAA2FF8B -0F4336BE27DC0C179FF91D867FAB89D05E382EC85C2DD1E1BFB4B66C6EF9AB3A -7A7FA0285EF3B67A1249BBB1493AAA17E355690753D2978D937FA5373D195D9C -9F2A3F7F6F71BB04BC47EFC7D24F11DAAFA20FEBBE5098976E8C002629C7A5D0 -4BC339B70105CEF46994F8780AB84FD47367F996418E00BE7002 +165427976FE6FD699442196B0C247C960C9086AB2E440885D11BDD314A3FFD40 +9C5FFF29B40110381ED22F58CA53CB2407E5B993930DE5E32CBC4CDB2FC46604 +AE51C1375F9A41D7B5CB2B2FA52F65CB925BDA5CE18BDCFC46933071789E3F20 +C08FC64F367F409C38279E5F88EDFBEE38105A2469CF009344F9E846419519E5 +8A5EC45DE2F6837C65A883C524305D18769A563691F5887D920CAA8EF0D9D56F +F208395E7390570C6DBBE5AF515BF64478059F922068F0E473C020E54CEBF22D +495D5E843839912C58FDE0A61D4E390E4502E9973562BCA49B3A17BCAC0352AE +5C27DA44578C4FA5821B9A3B03FFAA97E15E83CE09AE155BE919EA42301E6195 +F59C0A9131C4089E97223BF614A37B5C7603190DD465105AD86DFEB74E65479B +BBCEC9EF93508604339454483E244A348A78F29EC4A60554E77136749A4A74BE +F4DE4955FFDB6AEEBE19705EA184605994D2A5284C05A479A33D56FF398DDF3C +5B474F53743255BD5F42DADADD7F71BAC446A10084DE15876FF74765654405C3 +470144E2902EF213A594FB721D0B0FD823DAC347777B7AA58688EA834514299F +75A3C80BCF2FD24D19650B7D2C21ED664D290EFB9122C125F5DE1B2C4A817905 +06C27E7188C9BF3965A6A25A5A9C0353A53D05BF64FD4C226837AF6D9599BE70 +04142CC78E03626BF10D68CE17C2D081B3A4248FF392E985A6946D89BE97AF1B +C6BE7E9820405D06F5FFC06D6304028E5697E8AE15225A8FE19CDF3DFA2079A8 +BA537833DDBEB6106BAADD45E9ABD1C7B5157C5CB26F971B0E7EE8069E3C8FD4 +A7A1833B19CB43DE4E7497D505AE0B7BFEBB3E489315842DCB3D6CB7E6E43AEE +E215D011B2854A3CEE5AADB34A9CB5AE595F2F02CC5CAEA9AB28161FD93F3FD5 +87D17D564939ED05A5055029D1AAAD21726C1AEFA777EFEDF8D687D9F2FCA607 +CE3B585E044A8CFFBD6E93849467378BAE5AB8C02615AA974546C3D7AD70AF26 +55C62A9C4EFE256B5303BBD0B9E13544F408F8AFD7265425BE1421FE6B1E41E3 +B6D9C509B4EB820507F2B41A92F93A584AF62987450095DCE78F9862284F0C53 +F46B02549CA9EA57C9C4CA8A0BC1EBE947AFE73B8F7958853BEAF81D78E23C25 +3BEB6EC3823E1DC7524E38CD63577795EC3DDE03027369957906C85A22F9D805 +2EBD287C2CAEE0D3985264AE614380E421EF23453A68F6E616B3191B506113AD +F6D569E4A20D3B23961DFB3ECE07B382AFD2CCB1F2BC4F3C1974C06C8652682B +EE7ED59D4B2F9EB8492FF978747AB12E123932B34C0F9F3335587C7B8B8E13A4 +0E1EE5212AB1671DD7A2AB5AF2373B60B3353C22FF8128198A5245F9C701B6E9 +80E92AB14A77AE7BA217D33ABDED222EEE9B5888AC6653459EA8738703FF7423 +8391380AF83E56A3BDFD3AD43F2F00E87DB9153D99A3B358A38313A7E6D6B43B +07804A9929FE01EE112C0B1960B286C97E7F563D552250DEB189F3467ADE8491 +9C25A473EC8D590BC6EE6E7F340991D4317F1F0E29737ED93D18BA4DEF6A6C0C +F9A71EFDDBE489F1A5E27699F8C120DDBC96C4F3F3F2F90AC5014F78AF6517F3 +3C8E2B548C7BD7CA91ABC4E71930761D5C609CCB41B7CE490389C7CA6B1A7B34 +7130074DADA12806475998153EC604A5FD7A04AF35D00DA9564123A384E39126 +B228353532842504229FD646A0FA1C24AC462A75A119743C17071D0F3C370D04 +2FBBB8155EC868014066C6EFEA257752846195C4158AF9DF215C8B20AE276F50 +67AB636CF7A49D34B26435233460DFF6F728E91F1FC4224A7AB1C991C94D3224 +E75B5764642BF2972C9F72A347861CA23B78BD37E0902CE7E3776E347AB20388 +2F97386F31D1D41B43B5A1F52C11C908155E7C3AD9C818BD5F8AB022FE979EFC +695DB2B79BE6264EF7DEBC936048FF17E81408CC701C0B1C742B11F6D9442E4D +2BE899B3D354D07CDD71FB19ED3972363ACB918BF229ECDF8C5D6F9ABD5263A1 +81A0BB786D0A859C53BBEEF61872E24BB550FDEF14A66FB0C09836F4677DD4FF +26FB82FFD120F2F8947B51B0A38F47E65A8019C88A1C343E144F7CCDD1E9C541 +640452BFC800ACD27D181077E8F59E12CFFD7C67DF26CD9DE94B87A16BCA14D5 +9EC57D1963A82E2E1667BA64E7C10015A22C4C6FA06B9D76A9CF591FBD2003C9 +116043C62347D68F99214E90E01E80D140B1D3E8AF7526C17AC8A2056B63E192 +031101D44760E5679C4FFA2FF739CBA5A80AE9F95DDD80973F32D0411F9A43A3 +887CB08E116C823DF5921C157390E1568C76B82DD9A7C69FC76501712D2F24DE +7478B1FF5F7C648754860E394340F17D90865DF0D75A1A7770C177ED1052E10A +2A60B370A9DE3A6876B9E102A6706E464A91DFF642F498162C9BDB4F0827AA54 +0D1F36557B76DC6FAB62E52078C40F608CBE6C447CCD32A29C9751C53ED48951 +3E2466B2BC8C28CF21A439CF54B50E6DEA50761A23333E8E96233215BE86B870 +461D46D227790B1E65198B0C32C44F9861B94EDC731836D157B0B3419AB6AA9F +41BEF201D3637F1F6C3F7DCB71BD670EC111B24C411D0AE3310DFC4C9279BCB8 +F5D936F0211B5FC10B7957259D2C3874724EDF11A646D951E79CD958B60EB6E8 +071CD06657B15B5D0BF492312911076FA5E74F7DD94729A1A17393FE5891280B +D0BA2F31DFA6B3E01C0C0F662D02EF94590EDA84EDEFE9F28F5E7DE75B79D8F9 +4178ACBA78D1F147820EF76DB4850910C3249DCE6EA13C1161DA6EC36BC129FF +E9C97EFAF481A1605F788CDD66DAC83A95BF09FA47850FA0D7A844AB7014D9C4 +95A1C6AF0D3AA8A0DBE08FAF4E4FF7D6039F6115845EF41EEBC31D1D6B2CA95C +FB29A10E77935F79EC66A5D14FA898CF1347CA2502496BFC44DC1057AD6B00D9 +E22C8A982C04B48494C7B1C630FFB2FD1701F65B0558C5A2BE9C5A017B3788A4 +B9A22CA8E87600A54D570A6391D814FB95FCCA3631B123AD03A9EE0ECF9A8B6B +A5C050A34767371D99220A3395B8EEE63067AD64C93F4323A1C33BAAB8ED8B85 +FB1F71CCB36B381463157A5F19F0CD76CA14C77839BE94271264F5B454044D8F +4458AF7DC8A85ACD3EC014E424D102D2FED460A7AC342E23B960846056031213 +25CAE1315149CC2069E8963AB540265026F4B11BABD9C4711875217188D5B5DB +6E9CC8E436A56D53B37809295276DC0A21F0CF2D50CD5FEA1AD417F1098A8999 +F4163AEA50ACBF468E0863C901DC518029692C076C5BBD7954DEE6504EBB39CE +8F680420CEE573D8338DB67A5BB2B5361734D36D029812BF3AF22AE71CC4BE7C +8C0E047CA409DA46AA3EF4E6B345A3E1A53A9892A1943BB32ECFD340439C1D52 +14BC35A77EE696CF792BC25DE49B75F3B04F09704B64C8B1EA9FF39E6E8D9B4C +A39ADDE4B5B49E3FBE3A7F0AC51988057E46379173D5D3AB9E786EDF308B5F0A +5B2DA6D030F881DFA0D479D8D6D97D66F3D25ED946128B38DECFD701E607221D +EE1069CADB078D3434253AA89970029EADFE217FF24C825718F68575379A653A +0024F720B6355DB4C7EA81077DC68DD6DC61F85C2AE59E28FE04234E7887A9DA +E4E9E36FB0012C49B48F057C1E98380639744B5EF0B135596964BB2F020ADF92 +812966653E399B2EF9D5044A6F8E2C788EAEF6108AEB70166157E322EB549002 +12A5FC7F4DB295C0DC64BE331D154D07E49DB9090DA8194B941117326D763EA0 +4CCC8B7F97881190EA60F9D0B33BD2DFF04BA5AC81143068D66DBA61A08D3930 +439A0A87540C2CD06F56A3D732CA041DCA2F74DFB4CD05FBD76455E389095AEB +4CE5ED7BE40BFE6003C9D6534F19D150FF8AF8DA936D0739EBE9128BCAD016BE +70EAC25338227E83963F81AD1466C3618B8044AFA276879B9E621F00B96B0B67 +2E8C2D95E222EA6F4586EC05BE9768957AC121965B9BBF9481EA4C513BC092F9 +A4D44F4F949E5537C1F59F74B48AFAFA371F62823286B5E005EADCC936729DAC +4817750D66C15D3508DAEF758FDFB5C84245DF6C040EC0A91B207A1377DEEC10 +5387A82D27199E8826C00B44A5C2A4DC784B1A8288769428FD632D7AF1C3508C +C42FC3ECAE21E060637D961D448568FBF539B8E85B7AD60F1A573995C7857AD9 +9755535F9D04B4ADD5DF7EAAAA0819A5F21F111D9D9821089D071907307025F9 +B6E4C4DCB3E7F6F06492BA6EEF4F32B38393CB787BA9E00D8F60A8B4CC91B228 +0FADC305AC966F9C2547DAE80B4F60959658AEFBFF9F63B95F106EA226978D84 +C7863BEA1C71B13A5FDAC35FE9D7037758574081CB58AF6DDE2C80E90ABC48E6 +DC0716B13DD52ECE01079EE01A114E444C1F09AA1788356432E51806D996A99A +BF169DFBE02DF5728D88FEC214B3B272CB1A7C9B9168F302B505C54584A0B428 +17CBA6046E0319FB5041FB9319E75E7F805232DBE8312E63C639F35CD679638A +60E1B0BAE1F1F9D359A2786AB8838694270C368D7BC92E9D65D119BF317B8909 +7BFD7AF55533BCA289460558977CFC99E3E89D0C4A3B50C17DE43E2A7D7210E0 +96F0B6BA7A4C654A8C59DF2DD5881BE5AFACB64489FEC5B129ABFB10FA17B3A7 +426E2445778B53336CE63969C5F3567DC66DEF49A7D1A6C19C84EDE1C2FDDA4D +4FA5854F4F15C7FC1AC8175587087D068E2150D05141970845D173E5312CAC9F +8B9CAA28EC46FBDDF610B9371BAC2F577ACFF2F7CE3634CB13941BD437390F84 +ED894384E3130E663F5C0EE25C2C8096B7BF90F7783FE1B00F6EB78D92DC41D6 +BADF384149742D6B9CCF1BA890446599FD957258E9E3041201B958C2E5BA6842 +32176AB1367690BF1AE79B6075315D538C7D6634117A20DD82FD8067F5237B5C +C93F4989D054A45FEA482AA961738EF0B9CA8D6711DA94A512BA132038866CF6 +E59012950C870598644FC143CB205494BB65EB649FDD6157FACC5814014C5B46 +1153221D8F2D3B3FAFEB01DFF0BEAA0C00353668793379A88FD7C9827277860C +516724161906BE5B164E 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 @@ -7555,7 +7565,7 @@ TeXDict begin 40258431 52099146 1000 600 600 (bashref.dvi) 116 74 96 1[46 96 96 77 81 94 89 87 93 1[58 5[61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 61 1[34 41 34 31[68 72 11[{}62 109.091 /CMBX12 rf /Fl 135[42 1[42 1[30 37 38 1[46 46 51 74 23 -2[28 1[42 1[42 46 42 1[46 51[33 32[51 12[{}18 90.9091 +42 1[28 1[42 1[42 46 42 1[46 51[33 32[51 12[{}19 90.9091 /CMTI10 rf /Fm 135[56 2[56 1[42 55 1[51 58 56 68 47 2[27 1[58 49 51 57 54 53 56 46[50 2[50 1[34 45[{}20 90.9091 /CMCSC10 rf /Fn 197[25 58[{}1 90.9091 /CMMI10 rf /Fo @@ -7604,7 +7614,7 @@ ifelse TeXDict begin 1 0 bop 150 1318 a Fv(Bash)64 b(Reference)j(Man)-5 b(ual)p 150 1385 3600 34 v 2361 1481 a Fu(Reference)31 b(Do)s(cumen)m(tation)i(for)d(Bash)2428 1589 y(Edition)h(5.1,)g(for)f -Ft(Bash)g Fu(V)-8 b(ersion)31 b(5.1.)3350 1697 y(June)e(2020)150 +Ft(Bash)g Fu(V)-8 b(ersion)31 b(5.1.)3252 1697 y(August)f(2020)150 4927 y Fs(Chet)45 b(Ramey)-11 b(,)46 b(Case)g(W)-11 b(estern)46 b(Reserv)l(e)g(Univ)l(ersit)l(y)150 5068 y(Brian)f(F)-11 b(o)l(x,)45 b(F)-11 b(ree)45 b(Soft)l(w)l(are)h(F)-11 @@ -7612,10 +7622,10 @@ b(oundation)p 150 5141 3600 17 v eop end %%Page: 2 2 TeXDict begin 2 1 bop 150 4279 a Fu(This)35 b(text)h(is)g(a)g(brief)f (description)h(of)f(the)h(features)g(that)g(are)g(presen)m(t)g(in)f -(the)h(Bash)f(shell)h(\(v)m(ersion)150 4389 y(5.1,)c(5)e(June)g -(2020\).)150 4523 y(This)37 b(is)h(Edition)f(5.1,)k(last)e(up)s(dated)d -(5)i(June)f(2020,)k(of)d Fr(The)f(GNU)h(Bash)g(Reference)h(Man)m(ual)p -Fu(,)h(for)150 4633 y Ft(Bash)p Fu(,)29 b(V)-8 b(ersion)31 +(the)h(Bash)f(shell)h(\(v)m(ersion)150 4389 y(5.1,)c(25)f(August)f +(2020\).)150 4523 y(This)e(is)g(Edition)h(5.1,)h(last)f(up)s(dated)e +(25)i(August)f(2020,)j(of)e Fr(The)f(GNU)h(Bash)f(Reference)h(Man)m +(ual)p Fu(,)h(for)150 4633 y Ft(Bash)p Fu(,)f(V)-8 b(ersion)31 b(5.1.)150 4767 y(Cop)m(yrigh)m(t)602 4764 y(c)577 4767 y Fq(\015)f Fu(1988{2018)35 b(F)-8 b(ree)31 b(Soft)m(w)m(are)h(F)-8 b(oundation,)31 b(Inc.)390 4902 y(P)m(ermission)21 b(is)f(gran)m(ted)h @@ -8001,13 +8011,13 @@ b Fn(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h 3050 y(8.4.6)93 b(Letting)31 b(Readline)g(T)m(yp)s(e)f(F)-8 b(or)31 b(Y)-8 b(ou)20 b Fn(:)c(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f (:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)33 -b Fu(132)399 3160 y(8.4.7)93 b(Keyb)s(oard)29 b(Macros)9 +b Fu(133)399 3160 y(8.4.7)93 b(Keyb)s(oard)29 b(Macros)9 b Fn(:)17 b(:)e(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h (:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)22 b Fu(134)399 3269 y(8.4.8)93 b(Some)30 b(Miscellaneous)j(Commands)14 b Fn(:)f(:)j(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h -(:)f(:)27 b Fu(134)275 3379 y(8.5)92 b(Readline)31 b(vi)f(Mo)s(de)e +(:)f(:)27 b Fu(135)275 3379 y(8.5)92 b(Readline)31 b(vi)f(Mo)s(de)e Fn(:)16 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h (:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:) f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)h(:)41 b Fu(137)275 @@ -10631,142 +10641,144 @@ TeXDict begin 35 40 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41 b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(35)150 299 y(matc)m(hes)38 b(against)g(shorter)e(strings,)i(or)f(using)f(arra)m (ys)h(of)g(strings)f(instead)h(of)g(a)g(single)g(long)h(string,)150 -408 y(ma)m(y)31 b(b)s(e)f(faster.)150 598 y Fk(3.5.9)63 -b(Quote)41 b(Remo)m(v)-7 b(al)150 745 y Fu(After)32 b(the)g(preceding)g +408 y(ma)m(y)31 b(b)s(e)f(faster.)150 614 y Fk(3.5.9)63 +b(Quote)41 b(Remo)m(v)-7 b(al)150 760 y Fu(After)32 b(the)g(preceding)g (expansions,)h(all)f(unquoted)f(o)s(ccurrences)h(of)g(the)h(c)m (haracters)g(`)p Ft(\\)p Fu(',)g(`)p Ft(')p Fu(',)f(and)g(`)p -Ft(")p Fu(')150 854 y(that)f(did)f(not)g(result)g(from)g(one)h(of)g +Ft(")p Fu(')150 870 y(that)f(did)f(not)g(result)g(from)g(one)h(of)g (the)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(expansions)e(are)h(remo)m(v)m(ed.)150 -1085 y Fs(3.6)68 b(Redirections)150 1245 y Fu(Before)32 +1120 y Fs(3.6)68 b(Redirections)150 1279 y Fu(Before)32 b(a)f(command)f(is)h(executed,)h(its)f(input)e(and)h(output)h(ma)m(y)g (b)s(e)f Fr(redirected)k Fu(using)c(a)i(sp)s(ecial)f(no-)150 -1354 y(tation)d(in)m(terpreted)f(b)m(y)f(the)h(shell.)40 +1389 y(tation)d(in)m(terpreted)f(b)m(y)f(the)h(shell.)40 b(Redirection)27 b(allo)m(ws)h(commands')f(\014le)f(handles)g(to)i(b)s -(e)e(duplicated,)150 1464 y(op)s(ened,)i(closed,)i(made)e(to)h(refer)f +(e)e(duplicated,)150 1498 y(op)s(ened,)i(closed,)i(made)e(to)h(refer)f (to)h(di\013eren)m(t)f(\014les,)h(and)f(can)g(c)m(hange)h(the)g -(\014les)f(the)g(command)g(reads)150 1573 y(from)39 b(and)g(writes)h +(\014les)f(the)g(command)g(reads)150 1608 y(from)39 b(and)g(writes)h (to.)69 b(Redirection)40 b(ma)m(y)g(also)h(b)s(e)e(used)g(to)h(mo)s (dify)f(\014le)g(handles)g(in)g(the)h(curren)m(t)150 -1683 y(shell)e(execution)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)65 b(The)37 +1717 y(shell)e(execution)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)65 b(The)37 b(follo)m(wing)j(redirection)f(op)s(erators)f(ma)m(y)g(precede)h(or)f -(app)s(ear)150 1793 y(an)m(ywhere)30 b(within)f(a)h(simple)f(command)h +(app)s(ear)150 1827 y(an)m(ywhere)30 b(within)f(a)h(simple)f(command)h (or)f(ma)m(y)i(follo)m(w)g(a)f(command.)40 b(Redirections)30 -b(are)g(pro)s(cessed)150 1902 y(in)g(the)h(order)f(they)g(app)s(ear,)g -(from)g(left)h(to)g(righ)m(t.)275 2032 y(Eac)m(h)45 b(redirection)h +b(are)g(pro)s(cessed)150 1936 y(in)g(the)h(order)f(they)g(app)s(ear,)g +(from)g(left)h(to)g(righ)m(t.)275 2077 y(Eac)m(h)45 b(redirection)h (that)f(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(preceded)g(b)m(y)h(a)h(\014le)f(descriptor)f -(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(ma)m(y)h(instead)h(b)s(e)150 2141 +(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(ma)m(y)h(instead)h(b)s(e)150 2186 y(preceded)41 b(b)m(y)g(a)h(w)m(ord)f(of)g(the)h(form)f Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})p Fu(.)74 b(In)41 b(this)g(case,)k -(for)c(eac)m(h)i(redirection)f(op)s(erator)150 2251 y(except)30 -b Ft(>)p Fu(&-)f(and)f Ft(<)p Fu(&-,)h(the)g(shell)g(will)h(allo)s -(cate)h(a)e(\014le)h(descriptor)e(greater)j(than)d(10)i(and)e(assign)i -(it)f(to)150 2361 y Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})p -Fu(.)45 b(If)31 b Ft(>)p Fu(&-)g(or)h Ft(<)p Fu(&-)f(is)h(preceded)f(b) -m(y)g Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})p Fu(,)33 b(the)f(v)-5 -b(alue)32 b(of)g Fr(v)-5 b(arname)36 b Fu(de\014nes)31 -b(the)h(\014le)150 2470 y(descriptor)i(to)g(close.)52 -b(If)34 b Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})34 b Fu(is)g(supplied,)g -(the)g(redirection)g(p)s(ersists)f(b)s(ey)m(ond)g(the)h(scop)s(e)g(of) -150 2580 y(the)d(command,)f(allo)m(wing)i(the)f(shell)f(programmer)g -(to)h(manage)h(the)e(\014le)h(descriptor)f(himself.)275 -2709 y(In)d(the)i(follo)m(wing)h(descriptions,)g(if)e(the)h(\014le)g -(descriptor)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(is)g(omitted,)i(and)f(the)f(\014rst)g -(c)m(har-)150 2819 y(acter)42 b(of)f(the)g(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g -(is)g(`)p Ft(<)p Fu(',)i(the)e(redirection)g(refers)g(to)g(the)g -(standard)f(input)f(\(\014le)150 2928 y(descriptor)33 -b(0\).)49 b(If)33 b(the)g(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)i(of)g(the)f -(redirection)g(op)s(erator)h(is)f(`)p Ft(>)p Fu(',)h(the)f(redirection) -g(refers)150 3038 y(to)e(the)g(standard)e(output)h(\(\014le)h -(descriptor)f(1\).)275 3168 y(The)h(w)m(ord)h(follo)m(wing)i(the)f -(redirection)g(op)s(erator)f(in)g(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(descriptions,)f -(unless)e(other-)150 3277 y(wise)21 b(noted,)i(is)e(sub)5 -b(jected)21 b(to)h(brace)f(expansion,)i(tilde)f(expansion,)h(parameter) -e(expansion,)i(command)150 3387 y(substitution,)31 b(arithmetic)h -(expansion,)f(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5 b(al,)33 b(\014lename)e(expansion,)g -(and)f(w)m(ord)h(splitting.)150 3496 y(If)f(it)h(expands)e(to)i(more)g -(than)f(one)h(w)m(ord,)f(Bash)h(rep)s(orts)e(an)h(error.)275 -3626 y(Note)h(that)g(the)g(order)f(of)g(redirections)h(is)g -(signi\014can)m(t.)41 b(F)-8 b(or)31 b(example,)h(the)e(command)390 -3756 y Ft(ls)47 b(>)h Fj(dirlist)d Ft(2>&1)150 3885 y -Fu(directs)28 b(b)s(oth)f(standard)g(output)g(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f -(1\))i(and)e(standard)f(error)i(\(\014le)g(descriptor)f(2\))h(to)h(the) -150 3995 y(\014le)h Fr(dirlist)p Fu(,)h(while)f(the)h(command)390 -4124 y Ft(ls)47 b(2>&1)g(>)g Fj(dirlist)150 4254 y Fu(directs)28 +(for)c(eac)m(h)i(redirection)f(op)s(erator)150 2296 y(except)37 +b Ft(>)p Fu(&-)e(and)g Ft(<)p Fu(&-,)i(the)f(shell)g(will)g(allo)s +(cate)j(a)d(\014le)g(descriptor)f(greater)i(than)f(10)g(and)f(assign)h +(it)150 2406 y(to)e Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})p +Fu(.)52 b(If)33 b Ft(>)p Fu(&-)g(or)h Ft(<)p Fu(&-)f(is)g(preceded)h(b) +m(y)f Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})p Fu(,)36 b(the)e(v)-5 +b(alue)34 b(of)f Fr(v)-5 b(arname)39 b Fu(de\014nes)33 +b(the)150 2515 y(\014le)e(descriptor)g(to)h(close.)43 +b(If)31 b Fi({)p Fr(v)-5 b(arname)5 b Fi(})32 b Fu(is)f(supplied,)f +(the)h(redirection)g(p)s(ersists)f(b)s(ey)m(ond)h(the)g(scop)s(e)150 +2625 y(of)42 b(the)f(command,)j(allo)m(wing)f(the)f(shell)g(programmer) +f(to)h(manage)g(the)g(\014le)f(descriptor's)h(lifetime)150 +2734 y(man)m(ually)-8 b(.)275 2875 y(In)27 b(the)i(follo)m(wing)h +(descriptions,)g(if)e(the)h(\014le)g(descriptor)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(is) +g(omitted,)i(and)f(the)f(\014rst)g(c)m(har-)150 2984 +y(acter)42 b(of)f(the)g(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g(is)g(`)p +Ft(<)p Fu(',)i(the)e(redirection)g(refers)g(to)g(the)g(standard)f +(input)f(\(\014le)150 3094 y(descriptor)33 b(0\).)49 +b(If)33 b(the)g(\014rst)f(c)m(haracter)i(of)g(the)f(redirection)g(op)s +(erator)h(is)f(`)p Ft(>)p Fu(',)h(the)f(redirection)g(refers)150 +3203 y(to)e(the)g(standard)e(output)h(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f(1\).)275 +3344 y(The)h(w)m(ord)h(follo)m(wing)i(the)f(redirection)g(op)s(erator)f +(in)g(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(descriptions,)f(unless)e(other-)150 +3453 y(wise)21 b(noted,)i(is)e(sub)5 b(jected)21 b(to)h(brace)f +(expansion,)i(tilde)f(expansion,)h(parameter)e(expansion,)i(command)150 +3563 y(substitution,)31 b(arithmetic)h(expansion,)f(quote)h(remo)m(v)-5 +b(al,)33 b(\014lename)e(expansion,)g(and)f(w)m(ord)h(splitting.)150 +3672 y(If)f(it)h(expands)e(to)i(more)g(than)f(one)h(w)m(ord,)f(Bash)h +(rep)s(orts)e(an)h(error.)275 3813 y(Note)h(that)g(the)g(order)f(of)g +(redirections)h(is)g(signi\014can)m(t.)41 b(F)-8 b(or)31 +b(example,)h(the)e(command)390 3953 y Ft(ls)47 b(>)h +Fj(dirlist)d Ft(2>&1)150 4093 y Fu(directs)28 b(b)s(oth)f(standard)g +(output)g(\(\014le)h(descriptor)f(1\))i(and)e(standard)f(error)i +(\(\014le)g(descriptor)f(2\))h(to)h(the)150 4203 y(\014le)h +Fr(dirlist)p Fu(,)h(while)f(the)h(command)390 4343 y +Ft(ls)47 b(2>&1)g(>)g Fj(dirlist)150 4484 y Fu(directs)28 b(only)f(the)h(standard)e(output)i(to)g(\014le)f Fr(dirlist)p Fu(,)h(b)s(ecause)g(the)f(standard)g(error)g(w)m(as)h(made)f(a)h(cop)m -(y)150 4363 y(of)j(the)f(standard)g(output)g(b)s(efore)g(the)g +(y)150 4593 y(of)j(the)f(standard)g(output)g(b)s(efore)g(the)g (standard)g(output)g(w)m(as)g(redirected)h(to)g Fr(dirlist)p -Fu(.)275 4493 y(Bash)26 b(handles)f(sev)m(eral)j(\014lenames)e(sp)s +Fu(.)275 4733 y(Bash)26 b(handles)f(sev)m(eral)j(\014lenames)e(sp)s (ecially)h(when)f(they)g(are)g(used)g(in)g(redirections,)i(as)e -(describ)s(ed)150 4603 y(in)38 b(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(table.)66 +(describ)s(ed)150 4843 y(in)38 b(the)h(follo)m(wing)h(table.)66 b(If)38 b(the)h(op)s(erating)g(system)f(on)h(whic)m(h)f(Bash)h(is)f -(running)f(pro)m(vides)h(these)150 4712 y(sp)s(ecial)27 +(running)f(pro)m(vides)h(these)150 4953 y(sp)s(ecial)27 b(\014les,)g(bash)e(will)i(use)f(them;)h(otherwise)g(it)f(will)h(em)m (ulate)h(them)e(in)m(ternally)h(with)f(the)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)150 -4822 y(describ)s(ed)j(b)s(elo)m(w.)150 4971 y Ft(/dev/fd/)p -Fj(fd)630 5081 y Fu(If)h Fr(fd)j Fu(is)d(a)h(v)-5 b(alid)31 -b(in)m(teger,)h(\014le)e(descriptor)h Fr(fd)i Fu(is)d(duplicated.)150 -5230 y Ft(/dev/stdin)630 5340 y Fu(File)i(descriptor)e(0)h(is)f -(duplicated.)p eop end +5062 y(describ)s(ed)j(b)s(elo)m(w.)150 5230 y Ft(/dev/fd/)p +Fj(fd)630 5340 y Fu(If)h Fr(fd)j Fu(is)d(a)h(v)-5 b(alid)31 +b(in)m(teger,)h(\014le)e(descriptor)h Fr(fd)i Fu(is)d(duplicated.)p +eop end %%Page: 36 42 TeXDict begin 36 41 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(3:)41 b(Basic)32 b(Shell)e(F)-8 b(eatures)2246 b(36)150 299 -y Ft(/dev/stdout)630 408 y Fu(File)32 b(descriptor)e(1)h(is)f -(duplicated.)150 595 y Ft(/dev/stderr)630 705 y Fu(File)i(descriptor)e -(2)h(is)f(duplicated.)150 892 y Ft(/dev/tcp/)p Fj(host)p -Ft(/)p Fj(port)630 1001 y Fu(If)41 b Fr(host)i Fu(is)f(a)g(v)-5 -b(alid)41 b(hostname)h(or)f(In)m(ternet)h(address,)i(and)c -Fr(p)s(ort)j Fu(is)f(an)f(in)m(teger)i(p)s(ort)630 1111 -y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)23 b(or)i(service)h(name,)g(Bash)f(attempts)h(to)f -(op)s(en)f(the)h(corresp)s(onding)f(TCP)g(so)s(c)m(k)m(et.)150 -1298 y Ft(/dev/udp/)p Fj(host)p Ft(/)p Fj(port)630 1407 -y Fu(If)41 b Fr(host)i Fu(is)f(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)41 b(hostname)h(or)f(In) -m(ternet)h(address,)i(and)c Fr(p)s(ort)j Fu(is)f(an)f(in)m(teger)i(p)s -(ort)630 1517 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)23 b(or)h(service)h(name,)h(Bash)e -(attempts)h(to)g(op)s(en)f(the)g(corresp)s(onding)f(UDP)i(so)s(c)m(k)m -(et.)275 1718 y(A)30 b(failure)h(to)g(op)s(en)e(or)i(create)h(a)e -(\014le)h(causes)g(the)f(redirection)h(to)g(fail.)275 -1880 y(Redirections)f(using)e(\014le)i(descriptors)f(greater)h(than)f -(9)h(should)e(b)s(e)h(used)f(with)h(care,)h(as)g(they)f(ma)m(y)150 -1989 y(con\015ict)i(with)f(\014le)h(descriptors)f(the)g(shell)h(uses)f -(in)m(ternally)-8 b(.)150 2216 y Fk(3.6.1)63 b(Redirecting)40 -b(Input)150 2363 y Fu(Redirection)35 b(of)f(input)f(causes)i(the)f -(\014le)g(whose)g(name)g(results)g(from)g(the)g(expansion)g(of)g -Fr(w)m(ord)k Fu(to)d(b)s(e)150 2473 y(op)s(ened)d(for)g(reading)g(on)g -(\014le)h(descriptor)f Ft(n)p Fu(,)h(or)f(the)g(standard)g(input)f -(\(\014le)i(descriptor)f(0\))h(if)f Ft(n)g Fu(is)h(not)150 -2582 y(sp)s(eci\014ed.)275 2744 y(The)c(general)j(format)e(for)h -(redirecting)g(input)e(is:)390 2906 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]<)p -Fj(word)150 3133 y Fk(3.6.2)63 b(Redirecting)40 b(Output)150 -3280 y Fu(Redirection)31 b(of)g(output)f(causes)h(the)f(\014le)h(whose) +y Ft(/dev/stdin)630 408 y Fu(File)32 b(descriptor)e(0)h(is)f +(duplicated.)150 577 y Ft(/dev/stdout)630 687 y Fu(File)i(descriptor)e +(1)h(is)f(duplicated.)150 856 y Ft(/dev/stderr)630 965 +y Fu(File)i(descriptor)e(2)h(is)f(duplicated.)150 1134 +y Ft(/dev/tcp/)p Fj(host)p Ft(/)p Fj(port)630 1244 y +Fu(If)41 b Fr(host)i Fu(is)f(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)41 b(hostname)h(or)f(In)m +(ternet)h(address,)i(and)c Fr(p)s(ort)j Fu(is)f(an)f(in)m(teger)i(p)s +(ort)630 1354 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)23 b(or)i(service)h(name,)g(Bash)f +(attempts)h(to)f(op)s(en)f(the)h(corresp)s(onding)f(TCP)g(so)s(c)m(k)m +(et.)150 1522 y Ft(/dev/udp/)p Fj(host)p Ft(/)p Fj(port)630 +1632 y Fu(If)41 b Fr(host)i Fu(is)f(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)41 +b(hostname)h(or)f(In)m(ternet)h(address,)i(and)c Fr(p)s(ort)j +Fu(is)f(an)f(in)m(teger)i(p)s(ort)630 1742 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)23 +b(or)h(service)h(name,)h(Bash)e(attempts)h(to)g(op)s(en)f(the)g +(corresp)s(onding)f(UDP)i(so)s(c)m(k)m(et.)275 1915 y(A)30 +b(failure)h(to)g(op)s(en)e(or)i(create)h(a)e(\014le)h(causes)g(the)f +(redirection)h(to)g(fail.)275 2059 y(Redirections)f(using)e(\014le)i +(descriptors)f(greater)h(than)f(9)h(should)e(b)s(e)h(used)f(with)h +(care,)h(as)g(they)f(ma)m(y)150 2169 y(con\015ict)i(with)f(\014le)h +(descriptors)f(the)g(shell)h(uses)f(in)m(ternally)-8 +b(.)150 2378 y Fk(3.6.1)63 b(Redirecting)40 b(Input)150 +2525 y Fu(Redirection)35 b(of)f(input)f(causes)i(the)f(\014le)g(whose)g +(name)g(results)g(from)g(the)g(expansion)g(of)g Fr(w)m(ord)k +Fu(to)d(b)s(e)150 2634 y(op)s(ened)d(for)g(reading)g(on)g(\014le)h +(descriptor)f Ft(n)p Fu(,)h(or)f(the)g(standard)g(input)f(\(\014le)i +(descriptor)f(0\))h(if)f Ft(n)g Fu(is)h(not)150 2744 +y(sp)s(eci\014ed.)275 2888 y(The)c(general)j(format)e(for)h +(redirecting)g(input)e(is:)390 3032 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]<)p +Fj(word)150 3241 y Fk(3.6.2)63 b(Redirecting)40 b(Output)150 +3388 y Fu(Redirection)31 b(of)g(output)f(causes)h(the)f(\014le)h(whose) f(name)g(results)h(from)e(the)i(expansion)f(of)h Fr(w)m(ord)i -Fu(to)f(b)s(e)150 3389 y(op)s(ened)d(for)g(writing)g(on)g(\014le)h +Fu(to)f(b)s(e)150 3497 y(op)s(ened)d(for)g(writing)g(on)g(\014le)h (descriptor)f Fr(n)p Fu(,)g(or)g(the)h(standard)e(output)h(\(\014le)h -(descriptor)f(1\))h(if)g Fr(n)e Fu(is)i(not)150 3499 +(descriptor)f(1\))h(if)g Fr(n)e Fu(is)i(not)150 3607 y(sp)s(eci\014ed.)40 b(If)30 b(the)g(\014le)h(do)s(es)f(not)h(exist)g (it)g(is)f(created;)i(if)e(it)h(do)s(es)f(exist)h(it)g(is)g(truncated)f -(to)h(zero)g(size.)275 3661 y(The)e(general)j(format)e(for)h -(redirecting)g(output)f(is:)390 3823 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p -Ft(]>[|])p Fj(word)275 3985 y Fu(If)g(the)h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g +(to)h(zero)g(size.)275 3751 y(The)e(general)j(format)e(for)h +(redirecting)g(output)f(is:)390 3895 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p +Ft(]>[|])p Fj(word)275 4039 y Fu(If)g(the)h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g (is)g(`)p Ft(>)p Fu(',)g(and)f(the)h Ft(noclobber)d Fu(option)j(to)g -(the)g Ft(set)f Fu(builtin)g(has)h(b)s(een)150 4094 y(enabled,)h(the)g +(the)g Ft(set)f Fu(builtin)g(has)h(b)s(een)150 4148 y(enabled,)h(the)g (redirection)h(will)f(fail)h(if)e(the)i(\014le)e(whose)h(name)g (results)g(from)f(the)h(expansion)g(of)g Fr(w)m(ord)150 -4204 y Fu(exists)f(and)f(is)g(a)h(regular)g(\014le.)41 +4258 y Fu(exists)f(and)f(is)g(a)h(regular)g(\014le.)41 b(If)30 b(the)h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g(is)f(`)p Ft(>|)p Fu(',)h(or)f(the)h(redirection)g(op)s(erator)g(is)150 -4314 y(`)p Ft(>)p Fu(')36 b(and)f(the)g Ft(noclobber)e +4367 y(`)p Ft(>)p Fu(')36 b(and)f(the)g Ft(noclobber)e Fu(option)j(is)g(not)g(enabled,)h(the)e(redirection)h(is)g(attempted)g -(ev)m(en)h(if)e(the)h(\014le)150 4423 y(named)30 b(b)m(y)g -Fr(w)m(ord)k Fu(exists.)150 4650 y Fk(3.6.3)63 b(App)s(ending)42 -b(Redirected)e(Output)150 4797 y Fu(Redirection)23 b(of)e(output)h(in)f +(ev)m(en)h(if)e(the)h(\014le)150 4477 y(named)30 b(b)m(y)g +Fr(w)m(ord)k Fu(exists.)150 4686 y Fk(3.6.3)63 b(App)s(ending)42 +b(Redirected)e(Output)150 4833 y Fu(Redirection)23 b(of)e(output)h(in)f (this)h(fashion)f(causes)h(the)g(\014le)g(whose)f(name)h(results)f -(from)g(the)h(expansion)g(of)150 4906 y Fr(w)m(ord)28 +(from)g(the)h(expansion)g(of)150 4942 y Fr(w)m(ord)28 b Fu(to)e(b)s(e)e(op)s(ened)g(for)h(app)s(ending)e(on)i(\014le)g (descriptor)g Fr(n)p Fu(,)g(or)g(the)g(standard)f(output)h(\(\014le)g -(descriptor)150 5016 y(1\))31 b(if)f Fr(n)g Fu(is)h(not)f(sp)s +(descriptor)150 5052 y(1\))31 b(if)f Fr(n)g Fu(is)h(not)f(sp)s (eci\014ed.)40 b(If)30 b(the)h(\014le)f(do)s(es)g(not)h(exist)g(it)g -(is)f(created.)275 5178 y(The)f(general)j(format)e(for)h(app)s(ending)e +(is)f(created.)275 5196 y(The)f(general)j(format)e(for)h(app)s(ending)e (output)h(is:)390 5340 y Ft([)p Fj(n)p Ft(]>>)p Fj(word)p eop end %%Page: 37 43 @@ -11681,16 +11693,16 @@ Fu(.)73 b(The)40 b(p)s(ositional)j(parameters)630 3747 y(from)34 b Fr(n)p Ft(+)p Fu(1)39 b(.)22 b(.)h(.)45 b Ft($#)34 b Fu(are)g(renamed)g(to)h Ft($1)k Fu(.)22 b(.)g(.)46 b Ft($#)p Fu(-)p Fr(n)p Fu(.)51 b(P)m(arameters)36 b(represen)m(ted)e -(b)m(y)g(the)630 3856 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)25 b Ft($#)i -Fu(to)g Ft($#)p Fu(-)p Fr(n)p Ft(+)p Fu(1)g(are)g(unset.)39 -b Fr(n)26 b Fu(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)f(a)i(non-negativ)m(e)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er) -c(less)i(than)g(or)630 3966 y(equal)33 b(to)h Ft($#)p -Fu(.)47 b(If)33 b Fr(n)f Fu(is)h(zero)g(or)g(greater)h(than)f -Ft($#)p Fu(,)g(the)g(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)g(are)h(not)630 -4075 y(c)m(hanged.)48 b(If)32 b Fr(n)g Fu(is)h(not)f(supplied,)h(it)g -(is)f(assumed)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(1.)48 b(The)32 b(return)g(status)h(is)f -(zero)630 4185 y(unless)e Fr(n)f Fu(is)i(greater)g(than)g -Ft($#)e Fu(or)i(less)f(than)h(zero,)g(non-zero)g(otherwise.)150 +(b)m(y)g(the)630 3856 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)d Ft($#)i Fu(do)m(wn)f(to)i +Ft($#)p Fu(-)p Fr(n)p Ft(+)p Fu(1)e(are)h(unset.)48 b +Fr(n)32 b Fu(m)m(ust)h(b)s(e)f(a)h(non-negativ)m(e)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d +(less)630 3966 y(than)g(or)g(equal)h(to)g Ft($#)p Fu(.)46 +b(If)31 b Fr(n)h Fu(is)g(zero)h(or)f(greater)i(than)e +Ft($#)p Fu(,)g(the)h(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)630 4075 +y(are)e(not)h(c)m(hanged.)43 b(If)31 b Fr(n)g Fu(is)g(not)g(supplied,)f +(it)i(is)f(assumed)f(to)i(b)s(e)f(1.)43 b(The)31 b(return)f(status)630 +4185 y(is)g(zero)i(unless)d Fr(n)h Fu(is)g(greater)i(than)e +Ft($#)g Fu(or)g(less)h(than)f(zero,)i(non-zero)e(otherwise.)150 4362 y Ft(test)150 4472 y([)870 4615 y(test)47 b Fj(expr)630 4758 y Fu(Ev)-5 b(aluate)43 b(a)f(conditional)h(expression)f Fr(expr)48 b Fu(and)41 b(return)g(a)h(status)g(of)g(0)g(\(true\))h(or)f @@ -12292,1054 +12304,1056 @@ TeXDict begin 57 62 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(57)630 299 y(Arithmetic],)51 b(page)46 b(93.)87 b(If)45 b(the)g(last)h Fr(expression)g Fu(ev)-5 b(aluates)47 b(to)f(0,)k Ft(let)44 b Fu(returns)g(1;)630 -408 y(otherwise)31 b(0)g(is)f(returned.)150 566 y Ft(local)870 -700 y(local)46 b([)p Fj(option)p Ft(])g Fj(name)p Ft([=)p -Fj(value)p Ft(])e(...)630 833 y Fu(F)-8 b(or)27 b(eac)m(h)g(argumen)m +408 y(otherwise)31 b(0)g(is)f(returned.)150 568 y Ft(local)870 +702 y(local)46 b([)p Fj(option)p Ft(])g Fj(name)p Ft([=)p +Fj(value)p Ft(])e(...)630 836 y Fu(F)-8 b(or)27 b(eac)m(h)g(argumen)m (t,)g(a)f(lo)s(cal)h(v)-5 b(ariable)27 b(named)e Fr(name)31 b Fu(is)26 b(created,)i(and)d(assigned)h Fr(v)-5 b(alue)p -Fu(.)630 943 y(The)37 b Fr(option)h Fu(can)f(b)s(e)g(an)m(y)h(of)f(the) +Fu(.)630 946 y(The)37 b Fr(option)h Fu(can)f(b)s(e)g(an)m(y)h(of)f(the) h(options)g(accepted)g(b)m(y)g Ft(declare)p Fu(.)59 b -Ft(local)36 b Fu(can)i(only)630 1052 y(b)s(e)j(used)h(within)f(a)i +Ft(local)36 b Fu(can)i(only)630 1055 y(b)s(e)j(used)h(within)f(a)i (function;)48 b(it)42 b(mak)m(es)h(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)43 b Fr(name)48 b Fu(ha)m(v)m(e)43 b(a)f(visible)h(scop)s(e)630 -1162 y(restricted)h(to)f(that)h(function)e(and)g(its)i(c)m(hildren.)78 +1165 y(restricted)h(to)f(that)h(function)e(and)g(its)i(c)m(hildren.)78 b(If)42 b Fr(name)48 b Fu(is)43 b(`)p Ft(-)p Fu(',)j(the)d(set)h(of)f -(shell)630 1271 y(options)34 b(is)f(made)g(lo)s(cal)i(to)f(the)f +(shell)630 1275 y(options)34 b(is)f(made)g(lo)s(cal)i(to)f(the)f (function)g(in)g(whic)m(h)g Ft(local)f Fu(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed:)48 -b(shell)34 b(options)630 1381 y(c)m(hanged)e(using)e(the)i +b(shell)34 b(options)630 1384 y(c)m(hanged)e(using)e(the)i Ft(set)e Fu(builtin)h(inside)g(the)g(function)g(are)g(restored)h(to)g -(their)f(original)630 1491 y(v)-5 b(alues)25 b(when)e(the)i(function)f -(returns.)37 b(The)24 b(return)f(status)i(is)f(zero)i(unless)d -Ft(local)g Fu(is)i(used)630 1600 y(outside)k(a)f(function,)h(an)f(in)m -(v)-5 b(alid)29 b Fr(name)k Fu(is)28 b(supplied,)g(or)g -Fr(name)34 b Fu(is)28 b(a)h(readonly)f(v)-5 b(ariable.)150 -1758 y Ft(logout)870 1891 y(logout)46 b([)p Fj(n)p Ft(])630 -2025 y Fu(Exit)31 b(a)g(login)g(shell,)g(returning)e(a)i(status)g(of)f -Fr(n)g Fu(to)h(the)g(shell's)f(paren)m(t.)150 2182 y -Ft(mapfile)870 2316 y(mapfile)46 b([-d)h Fj(delim)p Ft(])f([-n)h +(their)f(original)630 1494 y(v)-5 b(alues)36 b(when)e(the)i(function)f +(returns.)54 b(The)35 b(restore)h(is)g(e\013ected)h(as)e(if)h(a)g +(series)f(of)h Ft(set)630 1603 y Fu(commands)j(w)m(ere)g(executed)h(to) +f(restore)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alues)39 b(that)h(w)m(ere)f(in)f(place)i(b)s +(efore)f(the)630 1713 y(function.)j(The)30 b(return)g(status)h(is)g +(zero)h(unless)e Ft(local)g Fu(is)h(used)f(outside)h(a)g(function,)g +(an)630 1823 y(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31 b Fr(name)k Fu(is)c(supplied,)e(or)i +Fr(name)k Fu(is)c(a)f(readonly)h(v)-5 b(ariable.)150 +1982 y Ft(logout)870 2116 y(logout)46 b([)p Fj(n)p Ft(])630 +2250 y Fu(Exit)31 b(a)g(login)g(shell,)g(returning)e(a)i(status)g(of)f +Fr(n)g Fu(to)h(the)g(shell's)f(paren)m(t.)150 2409 y +Ft(mapfile)870 2544 y(mapfile)46 b([-d)h Fj(delim)p Ft(])f([-n)h Fj(count)p Ft(])f([-O)h Fj(origin)p Ft(])f([-s)g Fj(count)p -Ft(])1061 2426 y([-t])h([-u)f Fj(fd)p Ft(])h([-C)g Fj(callback)p +Ft(])1061 2653 y([-t])h([-u)f Fj(fd)p Ft(])h([-C)g Fj(callback)p Ft(])f([-c)g Fj(quantum)p Ft(])g([)p Fj(array)p Ft(])630 -2559 y Fu(Read)38 b(lines)f(from)g(the)h(standard)e(input)g(in)m(to)j +2788 y Fu(Read)38 b(lines)f(from)g(the)h(standard)e(input)g(in)m(to)j (the)e(indexed)g(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b Fr(arra)m(y)p -Fu(,)i(or)630 2669 y(from)28 b(\014le)h(descriptor)f +Fu(,)i(or)630 2897 y(from)28 b(\014le)h(descriptor)f Fr(fd)k Fu(if)c(the)h Ft(-u)f Fu(option)h(is)g(supplied.)39 b(The)28 b(v)-5 b(ariable)29 b Ft(MAPFILE)e Fu(is)i(the)630 -2778 y(default)i Fr(arra)m(y)p Fu(.)41 b(Options,)30 +3007 y(default)i Fr(arra)m(y)p Fu(.)41 b(Options,)30 b(if)g(supplied,)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(the)g(follo)m(wing)h(meanings:)630 -2936 y Ft(-d)384 b Fu(The)37 b(\014rst)g(c)m(haracter)i(of)f +3166 y Ft(-d)384 b Fu(The)37 b(\014rst)g(c)m(haracter)i(of)f Fr(delim)g Fu(is)f(used)g(to)h(terminate)h(eac)m(h)g(input)d(line,)1110 -3045 y(rather)41 b(than)h(newline.)74 b(If)41 b Fr(delim)h +3275 y(rather)41 b(than)h(newline.)74 b(If)41 b Fr(delim)h Fu(is)g(the)f(empt)m(y)h(string,)j Ft(mapfile)40 b Fu(will)1110 -3155 y(terminate)31 b(a)g(line)g(when)e(it)i(reads)f(a)h(NUL)g(c)m -(haracter.)630 3313 y Ft(-n)384 b Fu(Cop)m(y)30 b(at)h(most)g +3385 y(terminate)31 b(a)g(line)g(when)e(it)i(reads)f(a)h(NUL)g(c)m +(haracter.)630 3544 y Ft(-n)384 b Fu(Cop)m(y)30 b(at)h(most)g Fr(coun)m(t)i Fu(lines.)41 b(If)30 b Fr(coun)m(t)j Fu(is)d(0,)h(all)h -(lines)e(are)h(copied.)630 3470 y Ft(-O)384 b Fu(Begin)31 +(lines)e(are)h(copied.)630 3703 y Ft(-O)384 b Fu(Begin)31 b(assigning)g(to)g Fr(arra)m(y)39 b Fu(at)31 b(index)f Fr(origin)p Fu(.)41 b(The)30 b(default)h(index)f(is)g(0.)630 -3628 y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(Discard)31 b(the)f(\014rst)g Fr(coun)m(t)j -Fu(lines)e(read.)630 3785 y Ft(-t)384 b Fu(Remo)m(v)m(e)32 +3862 y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(Discard)31 b(the)f(\014rst)g Fr(coun)m(t)j +Fu(lines)e(read.)630 4021 y Ft(-t)384 b Fu(Remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(a)f(trailing)g Fr(delim)g Fu(\(default)g(newline\))f(from)g(eac)m(h)i -(line)f(read.)630 3943 y Ft(-u)384 b Fu(Read)31 b(lines)f(from)g +(line)f(read.)630 4180 y Ft(-u)384 b Fu(Read)31 b(lines)f(from)g (\014le)h(descriptor)f Fr(fd)j Fu(instead)e(of)f(the)h(standard)e -(input.)630 4100 y Ft(-C)384 b Fu(Ev)-5 b(aluate)26 b +(input.)630 4340 y Ft(-C)384 b Fu(Ev)-5 b(aluate)26 b Fr(callbac)m(k)33 b Fu(eac)m(h)26 b(time)g Fr(quan)m(tum)f Fu(lines)g(are)g(read.)39 b(The)25 b Ft(-c)f Fu(option)1110 -4210 y(sp)s(eci\014es)30 b Fr(quan)m(tum)p Fu(.)630 4367 +4449 y(sp)s(eci\014es)30 b Fr(quan)m(tum)p Fu(.)630 4608 y Ft(-c)384 b Fu(Sp)s(ecify)30 b(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(lines)f (read)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(eac)m(h)g(call)h(to)f Fr(callbac)m(k)p -Fu(.)630 4525 y(If)36 b Ft(-C)g Fu(is)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(without)g +Fu(.)630 4767 y(If)36 b Ft(-C)g Fu(is)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(without)g Ft(-c)p Fu(,)h(the)g(default)f(quan)m(tum)g(is)h(5000.)60 -b(When)36 b Fr(callbac)m(k)44 b Fu(is)630 4634 y(ev)-5 +b(When)36 b Fr(callbac)m(k)44 b Fu(is)630 4877 y(ev)-5 b(aluated,)30 b(it)e(is)g(supplied)f(the)h(index)f(of)i(the)f(next)g (arra)m(y)g(elemen)m(t)h(to)g(b)s(e)e(assigned)i(and)630 -4744 y(the)39 b(line)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(assigned)h(to)h(that)f(elemen)m(t)i +4986 y(the)39 b(line)g(to)h(b)s(e)e(assigned)h(to)h(that)f(elemen)m(t)i (as)e(additional)h(argumen)m(ts.)66 b Fr(callbac)m(k)47 -b Fu(is)630 4854 y(ev)-5 b(aluated)32 b(after)e(the)h(line)g(is)f(read) +b Fu(is)630 5096 y(ev)-5 b(aluated)32 b(after)e(the)h(line)g(is)f(read) g(but)g(b)s(efore)g(the)h(arra)m(y)g(elemen)m(t)g(is)g(assigned.)630 -4987 y(If)25 b(not)g(supplied)f(with)h(an)g(explicit)i(origin,)g +5230 y(If)25 b(not)g(supplied)f(with)h(an)g(explicit)i(origin,)g Ft(mapfile)c Fu(will)j(clear)g Fr(arra)m(y)34 b Fu(b)s(efore)24 -b(assigning)630 5097 y(to)31 b(it.)630 5230 y Ft(mapfile)41 +b(assigning)630 5340 y(to)31 b(it.)p eop end +%%Page: 58 64 +TeXDict begin 58 63 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 +b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(58)630 299 y Ft(mapfile)41 b Fu(returns)g(successfully)i(unless)e(an)i(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)43 b(option)g(or)g(option)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)630 -5340 y(supplied,)29 b Fr(arra)m(y)39 b Fu(is)30 b(in)m(v)-5 +408 y(supplied,)29 b Fr(arra)m(y)39 b Fu(is)30 b(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(or)g(unassignable,)f(or)h Fr(arra)m(y)38 -b Fu(is)31 b(not)f(an)h(indexed)e(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)p eop -end -%%Page: 58 64 -TeXDict begin 58 63 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 -b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(58)150 299 y Ft(printf)870 -434 y(printf)46 b([-v)h Fj(var)p Ft(])g Fj(format)f Ft([)p -Fj(arguments)p Ft(])630 570 y Fu(W)-8 b(rite)27 b(the)g(formatted)f -Fr(argumen)m(ts)k Fu(to)d(the)f(standard)f(output)h(under)e(the)i(con)m -(trol)i(of)e(the)630 679 y Fr(format)p Fu(.)66 b(The)39 -b Ft(-v)f Fu(option)h(causes)g(the)g(output)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(assigned)h -(to)h(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)39 b Fr(v)-5 b(ar)630 789 -y Fu(rather)30 b(than)g(b)s(eing)g(prin)m(ted)g(to)h(the)g(standard)e -(output.)630 924 y(The)36 b Fr(format)i Fu(is)f(a)f(c)m(haracter)i -(string)e(whic)m(h)g(con)m(tains)i(three)e(t)m(yp)s(es)g(of)h(ob)5 -b(jects:)53 b(plain)630 1034 y(c)m(haracters,)41 b(whic)m(h)c(are)h -(simply)e(copied)i(to)g(standard)f(output,)i(c)m(haracter)g(escap)s(e)e -(se-)630 1143 y(quences,)g(whic)m(h)f(are)g(con)m(v)m(erted)h(and)f -(copied)g(to)g(the)g(standard)f(output,)i(and)f(format)630 -1253 y(sp)s(eci\014cations,)j(eac)m(h)e(of)g(whic)m(h)f(causes)g(prin)m -(ting)g(of)h(the)f(next)h(successiv)m(e)g Fr(argumen)m(t)p -Fu(.)630 1363 y(In)24 b(addition)h(to)g(the)g(standard)f -Ft(printf\(1\))e Fu(formats,)27 b Ft(printf)c Fu(in)m(terprets)i(the)f -(follo)m(wing)630 1472 y(extensions:)630 1633 y Ft(\045b)384 -b Fu(Causes)38 b Ft(printf)f Fu(to)j(expand)e(bac)m(kslash)h(escap)s(e) -g(sequences)g(in)f(the)h(cor-)1110 1743 y(resp)s(onding)31 -b Fr(argumen)m(t)j Fu(in)e(the)h(same)f(w)m(a)m(y)h(as)g -Ft(echo)c(-e)j Fu(\(see)h(Section)g(4.2)1110 1852 y([Bash)e(Builtins],) -g(page)g(51\).)630 2014 y Ft(\045q)384 b Fu(Causes)32 -b Ft(printf)e Fu(to)i(output)g(the)g(corresp)s(onding)f -Fr(argumen)m(t)j Fu(in)d(a)i(format)1110 2123 y(that)e(can)g(b)s(e)e -(reused)h(as)h(shell)f(input.)630 2284 y Ft(\045\()p -Fj(datefmt)p Ft(\)T)1110 2394 y Fu(Causes)f Ft(printf)e -Fu(to)j(output)f(the)g(date-time)i(string)e(resulting)h(from)e(using) -1110 2504 y Fr(datefm)m(t)45 b Fu(as)d(a)g(format)g(string)g(for)g -Ft(strftime)p Fu(\(3\).)74 b(The)41 b(corresp)s(onding)1110 -2613 y Fr(argumen)m(t)h Fu(is)e(an)g(in)m(teger)i(represen)m(ting)e -(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(seconds)g(since)1110 2723 -y(the)24 b(ep)s(o)s(c)m(h.)38 b(Tw)m(o)24 b(sp)s(ecial)h(argumen)m(t)f -(v)-5 b(alues)24 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(used:)36 b(-1)25 -b(represen)m(ts)1110 2832 y(the)30 b(curren)m(t)g(time,)h(and)e(-2)i -(represen)m(ts)f(the)g(time)h(the)f(shell)g(w)m(as)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.) -1110 2942 y(If)38 b(no)g(argumen)m(t)h(is)f(sp)s(eci\014ed,)i(con)m(v)m +b Fu(is)31 b(not)f(an)h(indexed)e(arra)m(y)-8 b(.)150 +564 y Ft(printf)870 697 y(printf)46 b([-v)h Fj(var)p +Ft(])g Fj(format)f Ft([)p Fj(arguments)p Ft(])630 830 +y Fu(W)-8 b(rite)27 b(the)g(formatted)f Fr(argumen)m(ts)k +Fu(to)d(the)f(standard)f(output)h(under)e(the)i(con)m(trol)i(of)e(the) +630 939 y Fr(format)p Fu(.)66 b(The)39 b Ft(-v)f Fu(option)h(causes)g +(the)g(output)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(assigned)h(to)h(the)f(v)-5 +b(ariable)39 b Fr(v)-5 b(ar)630 1049 y Fu(rather)30 b(than)g(b)s(eing)g +(prin)m(ted)g(to)h(the)g(standard)e(output.)630 1181 +y(The)36 b Fr(format)i Fu(is)f(a)f(c)m(haracter)i(string)e(whic)m(h)g +(con)m(tains)i(three)e(t)m(yp)s(es)g(of)h(ob)5 b(jects:)53 +b(plain)630 1291 y(c)m(haracters,)41 b(whic)m(h)c(are)h(simply)e +(copied)i(to)g(standard)f(output,)i(c)m(haracter)g(escap)s(e)e(se-)630 +1401 y(quences,)g(whic)m(h)f(are)g(con)m(v)m(erted)h(and)f(copied)g(to) +g(the)g(standard)f(output,)i(and)f(format)630 1510 y(sp)s +(eci\014cations,)j(eac)m(h)e(of)g(whic)m(h)f(causes)g(prin)m(ting)g(of) +h(the)f(next)h(successiv)m(e)g Fr(argumen)m(t)p Fu(.)630 +1620 y(In)24 b(addition)h(to)g(the)g(standard)f Ft(printf\(1\))e +Fu(formats,)27 b Ft(printf)c Fu(in)m(terprets)i(the)f(follo)m(wing)630 +1729 y(extensions:)630 1885 y Ft(\045b)384 b Fu(Causes)38 +b Ft(printf)f Fu(to)j(expand)e(bac)m(kslash)h(escap)s(e)g(sequences)g +(in)f(the)h(cor-)1110 1995 y(resp)s(onding)31 b Fr(argumen)m(t)j +Fu(in)e(the)h(same)f(w)m(a)m(y)h(as)g Ft(echo)c(-e)j +Fu(\(see)h(Section)g(4.2)1110 2104 y([Bash)e(Builtins],)g(page)g(51\).) +630 2260 y Ft(\045q)384 b Fu(Causes)32 b Ft(printf)e +Fu(to)i(output)g(the)g(corresp)s(onding)f Fr(argumen)m(t)j +Fu(in)d(a)i(format)1110 2370 y(that)e(can)g(b)s(e)e(reused)h(as)h +(shell)f(input.)630 2525 y Ft(\045\()p Fj(datefmt)p Ft(\)T)1110 +2635 y Fu(Causes)f Ft(printf)e Fu(to)j(output)f(the)g(date-time)i +(string)e(resulting)h(from)e(using)1110 2744 y Fr(datefm)m(t)45 +b Fu(as)d(a)g(format)g(string)g(for)g Ft(strftime)p Fu(\(3\).)74 +b(The)41 b(corresp)s(onding)1110 2854 y Fr(argumen)m(t)h +Fu(is)e(an)g(in)m(teger)i(represen)m(ting)e(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of) +h(seconds)g(since)1110 2964 y(the)24 b(ep)s(o)s(c)m(h.)38 +b(Tw)m(o)24 b(sp)s(ecial)h(argumen)m(t)f(v)-5 b(alues)24 +b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(used:)36 b(-1)25 b(represen)m(ts)1110 +3073 y(the)30 b(curren)m(t)g(time,)h(and)e(-2)i(represen)m(ts)f(the)g +(time)h(the)f(shell)g(w)m(as)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)1110 +3183 y(If)38 b(no)g(argumen)m(t)h(is)f(sp)s(eci\014ed,)i(con)m(v)m (ersion)f(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)g(as)g(if)f(-1)h(had)f(b)s(een)1110 -3051 y(giv)m(en.)k(This)29 b(is)i(an)f(exception)i(to)f(the)f(usual)g -Ft(printf)f Fu(b)s(eha)m(vior.)630 3213 y(The)d(\045b,)h(\045q,)h(and)e +3292 y(giv)m(en.)k(This)29 b(is)i(an)f(exception)i(to)f(the)f(usual)g +Ft(printf)f Fu(b)s(eha)m(vior.)630 3448 y(The)d(\045b,)h(\045q,)h(and)e (\045T)g(directiv)m(es)j(all)e(use)g(the)g(\014eld)f(width)g(and)h -(precision)g(argumen)m(ts)630 3322 y(from)f(the)g(format)h(sp)s +(precision)g(argumen)m(ts)630 3558 y(from)f(the)g(format)h(sp)s (eci\014cation)g(and)e(write)i(that)f(man)m(y)h(b)m(ytes)f(from)g(\(or) -h(use)e(that)i(wide)630 3432 y(a)42 b(\014eld)g(for\))g(the)h(expanded) +h(use)e(that)i(wide)630 3667 y(a)42 b(\014eld)g(for\))g(the)h(expanded) e(argumen)m(t,)k(whic)m(h)d(usually)g(con)m(tains)h(more)f(c)m -(haracters)630 3541 y(than)30 b(the)h(original.)630 3677 +(haracters)630 3777 y(than)30 b(the)h(original.)630 3910 y(Argumen)m(ts)d(to)h(non-string)e(format)i(sp)s(eci\014ers)e(are)h -(treated)h(as)g(C)e(language)j(constan)m(ts,)630 3786 +(treated)h(as)g(C)e(language)j(constan)m(ts,)630 4019 y(except)22 b(that)g(a)g(leading)g(plus)e(or)h(min)m(us)f(sign)i(is)f (allo)m(w)m(ed,)k(and)c(if)g(the)g(leading)h(c)m(haracter)h(is)630 -3896 y(a)i(single)g(or)f(double)h(quote,)h(the)f(v)-5 +4129 y(a)i(single)g(or)f(double)h(quote,)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(is)f(the)h(ASCI)s(I)e(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(of)f(the)h(follo)m -(wing)h(c)m(haracter.)630 4031 y(The)31 b Fr(format)i +(wing)h(c)m(haracter.)630 4261 y(The)31 b Fr(format)i Fu(is)f(reused)e(as)i(necessary)f(to)i(consume)e(all)h(of)f(the)h Fr(argumen)m(ts)p Fu(.)44 b(If)30 b(the)i Fr(for-)630 -4141 y(mat)c Fu(requires)e(more)g Fr(argumen)m(ts)k Fu(than)25 +4371 y(mat)c Fu(requires)e(more)g Fr(argumen)m(ts)k Fu(than)25 b(are)i(supplied,)e(the)h(extra)h(format)f(sp)s(eci\014cations)630 -4251 y(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)j(as)g(if)f(a)h(zero)g(v)-5 b(alue)29 +4481 y(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)j(as)g(if)f(a)h(zero)g(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(or)g(n)m(ull)f(string,)h(as)g(appropriate,)g(had)f(b)s(een)g -(supplied.)38 b(The)630 4360 y(return)29 b(v)-5 b(alue)31 +(supplied.)38 b(The)630 4590 y(return)29 b(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)g(zero)g(on)f(success,)h(non-zero)g(on)f(failure.)150 -4521 y Ft(read)870 4657 y(read)47 b([-ers])f([-a)h Fj(aname)p +4746 y Ft(read)870 4879 y(read)47 b([-ers])f([-a)h Fj(aname)p Ft(])f([-d)h Fj(delim)p Ft(])f([-i)h Fj(text)p Ft(])f([-n)h -Fj(nchars)p Ft(])1061 4766 y([-N)g Fj(nchars)p Ft(])f([-p)h +Fj(nchars)p Ft(])1061 4988 y([-N)g Fj(nchars)p Ft(])f([-p)h Fj(prompt)p Ft(])e([-t)i Fj(timeout)p Ft(])f([-u)h Fj(fd)p -Ft(])g([)p Fj(name)f Ft(...)o(])630 4902 y Fu(One)38 +Ft(])g([)p Fj(name)f Ft(...)o(])630 5121 y Fu(One)38 b(line)g(is)g(read)g(from)g(the)g(standard)f(input,)j(or)e(from)f(the)i -(\014le)f(descriptor)g Fr(fd)j Fu(sup-)630 5011 y(plied)34 +(\014le)f(descriptor)g Fr(fd)j Fu(sup-)630 5230 y(plied)34 b(as)h(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(the)f Ft(-u)g Fu(option,)i(split)f(in)m (to)g(w)m(ords)f(as)g(describ)s(ed)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)h(in)630 -5121 y(Section)j(3.5.7)h([W)-8 b(ord)38 b(Splitting],)i(page)e(32,)j -(and)36 b(the)i(\014rst)f(w)m(ord)g(is)g(assigned)h(to)g(the)630 -5230 y(\014rst)32 b Fr(name)p Fu(,)h(the)g(second)g(w)m(ord)f(to)h(the) -g(second)g Fr(name)p Fu(,)g(and)f(so)h(on.)47 b(If)32 -b(there)h(are)g(more)630 5340 y(w)m(ords)39 b(than)g(names,)j(the)e -(remaining)f(w)m(ords)g(and)g(their)h(in)m(terv)m(ening)g(delimiters)h -(are)p eop end +5340 y(Section)j(3.5.7)h([W)-8 b(ord)38 b(Splitting],)i(page)e(32,)j +(and)36 b(the)i(\014rst)f(w)m(ord)g(is)g(assigned)h(to)g(the)p +eop end %%Page: 59 65 TeXDict begin 59 64 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 -b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(59)630 299 y(assigned)29 -b(to)h(the)g(last)g Fr(name)p Fu(.)40 b(If)29 b(there)g(are)h(few)m(er) -f(w)m(ords)g(read)g(from)g(the)g(input)g(stream)630 408 -y(than)35 b(names,)i(the)e(remaining)h(names)f(are)h(assigned)f(empt)m -(y)h(v)-5 b(alues.)56 b(The)34 b(c)m(haracters)630 518 -y(in)e(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(of)g(the)g Ft(IFS)f Fu(v)-5 -b(ariable)33 b(are)h(used)d(to)j(split)f(the)g(line)g(in)m(to)g(w)m -(ords)g(using)f(the)630 628 y(same)d(rules)f(the)g(shell)h(uses)f(for)g -(expansion)g(\(describ)s(ed)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(in)e(Section)h(3.5.7)h -([W)-8 b(ord)630 737 y(Splitting],)38 b(page)f(32\).)60 +b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(59)630 299 y(\014rst)32 +b Fr(name)p Fu(,)h(the)g(second)g(w)m(ord)f(to)h(the)g(second)g +Fr(name)p Fu(,)g(and)f(so)h(on.)47 b(If)32 b(there)h(are)g(more)630 +408 y(w)m(ords)39 b(than)g(names,)j(the)e(remaining)f(w)m(ords)g(and)g +(their)h(in)m(terv)m(ening)g(delimiters)h(are)630 518 +y(assigned)29 b(to)h(the)g(last)g Fr(name)p Fu(.)40 b(If)29 +b(there)g(are)h(few)m(er)f(w)m(ords)g(read)g(from)g(the)g(input)g +(stream)630 628 y(than)35 b(names,)i(the)e(remaining)h(names)f(are)h +(assigned)f(empt)m(y)h(v)-5 b(alues.)56 b(The)34 b(c)m(haracters)630 +737 y(in)e(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(of)g(the)g Ft(IFS)f +Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(are)h(used)d(to)j(split)f(the)g(line)g(in)m(to)g +(w)m(ords)g(using)f(the)630 847 y(same)d(rules)f(the)g(shell)h(uses)f +(for)g(expansion)g(\(describ)s(ed)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(in)e(Section)h +(3.5.7)h([W)-8 b(ord)630 956 y(Splitting],)38 b(page)f(32\).)60 b(The)35 b(bac)m(kslash)i(c)m(haracter)h(`)p Ft(\\)p Fu(')e(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)i(remo)m(v)m(e)h(an)m(y)630 -847 y(sp)s(ecial)i(meaning)g(for)f(the)g(next)h(c)m(haracter)h(read)e -(and)g(for)g(line)h(con)m(tin)m(uation.)69 b(If)39 b(no)630 -956 y(names)c(are)h(supplied,)f(the)h(line)g(read)f(is)g(assigned)h(to) -g(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)36 b Ft(REPLY)p Fu(.)54 b(The)35 -b(exit)630 1066 y(status)f(is)f(zero,)i(unless)e(end-of-\014le)h(is)f -(encoun)m(tered,)i Ft(read)e Fu(times)h(out)f(\(in)h(whic)m(h)f(case) -630 1176 y(the)g(status)h(is)f(greater)i(than)e(128\),)j(a)e(v)-5 -b(ariable)34 b(assignmen)m(t)g(error)f(\(suc)m(h)g(as)g(assigning)630 -1285 y(to)38 b(a)f(readonly)g(v)-5 b(ariable\))38 b(o)s(ccurs,)h(or)e -(an)g(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)38 b(\014le)f(descriptor)g(is)g(supplied)e(as)j -(the)630 1395 y(argumen)m(t)31 b(to)g Ft(-u)p Fu(.)630 -1533 y(Options,)f(if)h(supplied,)e(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)g(follo)m(wing)h -(meanings:)630 1700 y Ft(-a)e Fj(aname)114 b Fu(The)34 +1066 y(sp)s(ecial)31 b(meaning)g(for)f(the)g(next)h(c)m(haracter)h +(read)e(and)g(for)g(line)h(con)m(tin)m(uation.)630 1196 +y(Options,)f(if)h(supplied,)e(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)g(follo)m(wing)h +(meanings:)630 1348 y Ft(-a)e Fj(aname)114 b Fu(The)34 b(w)m(ords)f(are)i(assigned)f(to)h(sequen)m(tial)h(indices)e(of)g(the)g -(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 1810 y Fr(aname)p Fu(,)29 +(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 1457 y Fr(aname)p Fu(,)29 b(starting)h(at)f(0.)40 b(All)29 b(elemen)m(ts)h(are)e(remo)m(v)m(ed)i -(from)d Fr(aname)34 b Fu(b)s(efore)1110 1920 y(the)d(assignmen)m(t.)41 +(from)d Fr(aname)34 b Fu(b)s(efore)1110 1567 y(the)d(assignmen)m(t.)41 b(Other)30 b Fr(name)36 b Fu(argumen)m(ts)30 b(are)h(ignored.)630 -2087 y Ft(-d)f Fj(delim)114 b Fu(The)41 b(\014rst)h(c)m(haracter)h(of)f +1718 y Ft(-d)f Fj(delim)114 b Fu(The)41 b(\014rst)h(c)m(haracter)h(of)f Fr(delim)g Fu(is)g(used)g(to)g(terminate)h(the)f(input)f(line,)1110 -2196 y(rather)31 b(than)g(newline.)42 b(If)30 b Fr(delim)h +1828 y(rather)31 b(than)g(newline.)42 b(If)30 b Fr(delim)h Fu(is)g(the)h(empt)m(y)f(string,)g Ft(read)f Fu(will)h(termi-)1110 -2306 y(nate)g(a)g(line)f(when)g(it)h(reads)f(a)h(NUL)f(c)m(haracter.) -630 2473 y Ft(-e)384 b Fu(Readline)46 b(\(see)g(Chapter)e(8)h([Command) -f(Line)h(Editing],)50 b(page)45 b(111\))i(is)1110 2583 +1937 y(nate)g(a)g(line)f(when)g(it)h(reads)f(a)h(NUL)f(c)m(haracter.) +630 2089 y Ft(-e)384 b Fu(Readline)46 b(\(see)g(Chapter)e(8)h([Command) +f(Line)h(Editing],)50 b(page)45 b(111\))i(is)1110 2198 y(used)37 b(to)i(obtain)g(the)f(line.)65 b(Readline)39 b(uses)e(the)i(curren)m(t)f(\(or)g(default,)j(if)1110 -2693 y(line)h(editing)g(w)m(as)g(not)g(previously)f(activ)m(e\))k -(editing)d(settings,)j(but)c(uses)1110 2802 y(Readline's)31 -b(default)g(\014lename)f(completion.)630 2969 y Ft(-i)g +2308 y(line)h(editing)g(w)m(as)g(not)g(previously)f(activ)m(e\))k +(editing)d(settings,)j(but)c(uses)1110 2418 y(Readline's)31 +b(default)g(\014lename)f(completion.)630 2569 y Ft(-i)g Fj(text)162 b Fu(If)36 b(Readline)i(is)f(b)s(eing)g(used)f(to)h(read)g (the)g(line,)j Fr(text)f Fu(is)e(placed)h(in)m(to)g(the)1110 -3079 y(editing)31 b(bu\013er)e(b)s(efore)h(editing)h(b)s(egins.)630 -3246 y Ft(-n)f Fj(nchars)66 b Ft(read)38 b Fu(returns)f(after)j +2679 y(editing)31 b(bu\013er)e(b)s(efore)h(editing)h(b)s(egins.)630 +2830 y Ft(-n)f Fj(nchars)66 b Ft(read)38 b Fu(returns)f(after)j (reading)f Fr(nc)m(hars)j Fu(c)m(haracters)e(rather)f(than)g(w)m -(aiting)1110 3356 y(for)d(a)h(complete)h(line)f(of)g(input,)g(but)f -(honors)g(a)h(delimiter)g(if)f(few)m(er)h(than)1110 3465 +(aiting)1110 2939 y(for)d(a)h(complete)h(line)f(of)g(input,)g(but)f +(honors)g(a)h(delimiter)g(if)f(few)m(er)h(than)1110 3049 y Fr(nc)m(hars)d Fu(c)m(haracters)e(are)e(read)h(b)s(efore)f(the)g -(delimiter.)630 3633 y Ft(-N)g Fj(nchars)66 b Ft(read)39 +(delimiter.)630 3200 y Ft(-N)g Fj(nchars)66 b Ft(read)39 b Fu(returns)f(after)j(reading)e(exactly)j Fr(nc)m(hars)h -Fu(c)m(haracters)f(rather)d(than)1110 3742 y(w)m(aiting)32 +Fu(c)m(haracters)f(rather)d(than)1110 3310 y(w)m(aiting)32 b(for)f(a)g(complete)i(line)e(of)g(input,)g(unless)f(EOF)h(is)g(encoun) -m(tered)g(or)1110 3852 y Ft(read)f Fu(times)i(out.)43 +m(tered)g(or)1110 3420 y Ft(read)f Fu(times)i(out.)43 b(Delimiter)33 b(c)m(haracters)f(encoun)m(tered)g(in)f(the)g(input)g -(are)1110 3961 y(not)g(treated)h(sp)s(ecially)f(and)f(do)h(not)g(cause) +(are)1110 3529 y(not)g(treated)h(sp)s(ecially)f(and)f(do)h(not)g(cause) g Ft(read)e Fu(to)j(return)d(un)m(til)i Fr(nc)m(hars)1110 -4071 y Fu(c)m(haracters)26 b(are)f(read.)38 b(The)24 +3639 y Fu(c)m(haracters)26 b(are)f(read.)38 b(The)24 b(result)g(is)h(not)f(split)h(on)f(the)h(c)m(haracters)h(in)e -Ft(IFS)p Fu(;)1110 4181 y(the)e(in)m(ten)m(t)i(is)e(that)h(the)f(v)-5 +Ft(IFS)p Fu(;)1110 3748 y(the)e(in)m(ten)m(t)i(is)e(that)h(the)f(v)-5 b(ariable)23 b(is)f(assigned)g(exactly)i(the)e(c)m(haracters)i(read) -1110 4290 y(\(with)30 b(the)h(exception)h(of)e(bac)m(kslash;)h(see)g -(the)g Ft(-r)f Fu(option)h(b)s(elo)m(w\).)630 4457 y +1110 3858 y(\(with)30 b(the)h(exception)h(of)e(bac)m(kslash;)h(see)g +(the)g Ft(-r)f Fu(option)h(b)s(elo)m(w\).)630 4009 y Ft(-p)f Fj(prompt)66 b Fu(Displa)m(y)38 b Fr(prompt)p Fu(,)g(without)e(a)h(trailing)h(newline,)h(b)s(efore)d(attempting)i(to) -1110 4567 y(read)f(an)m(y)h(input.)60 b(The)37 b(prompt)g(is)g(displa)m -(y)m(ed)h(only)f(if)g(input)g(is)g(coming)1110 4677 y(from)30 -b(a)h(terminal.)630 4844 y Ft(-r)384 b Fu(If)21 b(this)h(option)g(is)f +1110 4119 y(read)f(an)m(y)h(input.)60 b(The)37 b(prompt)g(is)g(displa)m +(y)m(ed)h(only)f(if)g(input)g(is)g(coming)1110 4228 y(from)30 +b(a)h(terminal.)630 4380 y Ft(-r)384 b Fu(If)21 b(this)h(option)g(is)f (giv)m(en,)k(bac)m(kslash)d(do)s(es)f(not)h(act)h(as)f(an)f(escap)s(e)h -(c)m(haracter.)1110 4954 y(The)30 b(bac)m(kslash)i(is)f(considered)g +(c)m(haracter.)1110 4489 y(The)30 b(bac)m(kslash)i(is)f(considered)g (to)h(b)s(e)e(part)h(of)g(the)g(line.)43 b(In)30 b(particular,)i(a)1110 -5063 y(bac)m(kslash-newline)26 b(pair)e(ma)m(y)h(not)g(then)g(b)s(e)f -(used)g(as)h(a)g(line)g(con)m(tin)m(uation.)630 5230 +4599 y(bac)m(kslash-newline)26 b(pair)e(ma)m(y)h(not)g(then)g(b)s(e)f +(used)g(as)h(a)g(line)g(con)m(tin)m(uation.)630 4750 y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(Silen)m(t)28 b(mo)s(de.)40 b(If)27 b(input)f(is)i (coming)g(from)f(a)h(terminal,)h(c)m(haracters)g(are)f(not)1110 -5340 y(ec)m(ho)s(ed.)p eop end +4860 y(ec)m(ho)s(ed.)630 5011 y Ft(-t)i Fj(timeout)1110 +5121 y Fu(Cause)42 b Ft(read)g Fu(to)h(time)h(out)f(and)f(return)f +(failure)i(if)g(a)g(complete)h(line)f(of)1110 5230 y(input)26 +b(\(or)h(a)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(of)h(c)m(haracters\))h +(is)f(not)g(read)g(within)f Fr(time-)1110 5340 y(out)37 +b Fu(seconds.)53 b Fr(timeout)38 b Fu(ma)m(y)d(b)s(e)f(a)h(decimal)h(n) +m(um)m(b)s(er)d(with)h(a)h(fractional)p eop end %%Page: 60 66 TeXDict begin 60 65 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 -b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(60)630 299 y Ft(-t)30 -b Fj(timeout)1110 408 y Fu(Cause)42 b Ft(read)g Fu(to)h(time)h(out)f -(and)f(return)f(failure)i(if)g(a)g(complete)h(line)f(of)1110 -518 y(input)26 b(\(or)h(a)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)g(of)h(c)m -(haracters\))h(is)f(not)g(read)g(within)f Fr(time-)1110 -628 y(out)37 b Fu(seconds.)53 b Fr(timeout)38 b Fu(ma)m(y)d(b)s(e)f(a)h -(decimal)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d(with)h(a)h(fractional)1110 -737 y(p)s(ortion)29 b(follo)m(wing)h(the)f(decimal)h(p)s(oin)m(t.)40 -b(This)29 b(option)g(is)g(only)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(if)1110 -847 y Ft(read)j Fu(is)i(reading)g(input)e(from)h(a)h(terminal,)i(pip)s -(e,)e(or)g(other)f(sp)s(ecial)i(\014le;)1110 956 y(it)31 -b(has)g(no)g(e\013ect)h(when)e(reading)h(from)g(regular)g(\014les.)42 -b(If)30 b Ft(read)g Fu(times)h(out,)1110 1066 y Ft(read)d +b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(60)1110 299 y(p)s(ortion)29 +b(follo)m(wing)h(the)f(decimal)h(p)s(oin)m(t.)40 b(This)29 +b(option)g(is)g(only)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(if)1110 408 y +Ft(read)j Fu(is)i(reading)g(input)e(from)h(a)h(terminal,)i(pip)s(e,)e +(or)g(other)f(sp)s(ecial)i(\014le;)1110 518 y(it)31 b(has)g(no)g +(e\013ect)h(when)e(reading)h(from)g(regular)g(\014les.)42 +b(If)30 b Ft(read)g Fu(times)h(out,)1110 628 y Ft(read)d Fu(sa)m(v)m(es)j(an)m(y)f(partial)h(input)d(read)i(in)m(to)h(the)e(sp)s (eci\014ed)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b Fr(name)p Fu(.)1110 -1176 y(If)k Fr(timeout)j Fu(is)e(0,)h Ft(read)e Fu(returns)f +737 y(If)k Fr(timeout)j Fu(is)e(0,)h Ft(read)e Fu(returns)f (immediately)-8 b(,)39 b(without)c(trying)h(to)g(read)1110 -1285 y(an)m(y)c(data.)44 b(The)31 b(exit)h(status)f(is)h(0)f(if)h -(input)e(is)h(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)34 b(on)d(the)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)1110 -1395 y(\014le)g(descriptor,)g(non-zero)h(otherwise.)46 -b(The)31 b(exit)i(status)f(is)g(greater)h(than)1110 1504 -y(128)f(if)e(the)h(timeout)g(is)f(exceeded.)630 1656 +847 y(an)m(y)c(data.)44 b(The)31 b(exit)h(status)f(is)h(0)f(if)h(input) +e(is)h(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)34 b(on)d(the)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)1110 +956 y(\014le)g(descriptor,)g(non-zero)h(otherwise.)46 +b(The)31 b(exit)i(status)f(is)g(greater)h(than)1110 1066 +y(128)f(if)e(the)h(timeout)g(is)f(exceeded.)630 1225 y Ft(-u)g Fj(fd)258 b Fu(Read)31 b(input)e(from)h(\014le)g(descriptor)h -Fr(fd)p Fu(.)150 1807 y Ft(readarray)870 1917 y(readarray)45 -b([-d)i Fj(delim)p Ft(])f([-n)h Fj(count)p Ft(])f([-O)h -Fj(origin)p Ft(])f([-s)h Fj(count)p Ft(])1061 2026 y([-t])g([-u)f -Fj(fd)p Ft(])h([-C)g Fj(callback)p Ft(])f([-c)g Fj(quantum)p -Ft(])g([)p Fj(array)p Ft(])630 2157 y Fu(Read)38 b(lines)f(from)g(the)h -(standard)e(input)g(in)m(to)j(the)e(indexed)g(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 -b(ariable)38 b Fr(arra)m(y)p Fu(,)i(or)630 2266 y(from)30 -b(\014le)g(descriptor)h Fr(fd)i Fu(if)d(the)h Ft(-u)e -Fu(option)i(is)g(supplied.)630 2397 y(A)f(synon)m(ym)g(for)g -Ft(mapfile)p Fu(.)150 2548 y Ft(source)870 2679 y(source)46 -b Fj(filename)630 2809 y Fu(A)30 b(synon)m(ym)g(for)g -Ft(.)g Fu(\(see)i(Section)f(4.1)g([Bourne)g(Shell)f(Builtins],)h(page)g -(44\).)150 2960 y Ft(type)870 3091 y(type)47 b([-afptP])e([)p -Fj(name)i Ft(...)o(])630 3221 y Fu(F)-8 b(or)42 b(eac)m(h)g -Fr(name)p Fu(,)i(indicate)e(ho)m(w)g(it)f(w)m(ould)g(b)s(e)g(in)m -(terpreted)g(if)g(used)f(as)i(a)f(command)630 3331 y(name.)630 -3461 y(If)g(the)g Ft(-t)g Fu(option)h(is)f(used,)j Ft(type)c -Fu(prin)m(ts)h(a)h(single)g(w)m(ord)f(whic)m(h)g(is)g(one)h(of)g(`)p -Ft(alias)p Fu(',)630 3571 y(`)p Ft(function)p Fu(',)32 -b(`)p Ft(builtin)p Fu(',)g(`)p Ft(file)p Fu(')g(or)h(`)p -Ft(keyword)p Fu(',)f(if)h Fr(name)38 b Fu(is)33 b(an)f(alias,)j(shell)e -(function,)630 3680 y(shell)i(builtin,)g(disk)g(\014le,)h(or)e(shell)h -(reserv)m(ed)g(w)m(ord,)h(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)55 -b(If)34 b(the)h Fr(name)40 b Fu(is)35 b(not)630 3790 -y(found,)29 b(then)h(nothing)h(is)f(prin)m(ted,)g(and)g -Ft(type)f Fu(returns)g(a)i(failure)g(status.)630 3921 -y(If)25 b(the)g Ft(-p)g Fu(option)h(is)f(used,)h Ft(type)e -Fu(either)h(returns)g(the)g(name)g(of)h(the)f(disk)g(\014le)g(that)h(w) -m(ould)630 4030 y(b)s(e)k(executed,)h(or)g(nothing)f(if)g +Fr(fd)p Fu(.)630 1385 y(If)h(no)g Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)33 +b(are)f(supplied,)g(the)h(line)g(read,)g(without)f(the)h(ending)f +(delimiter)h(but)e(oth-)630 1494 y(erwise)36 b(unmo)s(di\014ed,)e(is)i +(assigned)f(to)h(the)g(v)-5 b(ariable)36 b Ft(REPLY)p +Fu(.)55 b(The)34 b(exit)j(status)e(is)h(zero,)630 1604 +y(unless)i(end-of-\014le)h(is)f(encoun)m(tered,)j Ft(read)d +Fu(times)h(out)f(\(in)h(whic)m(h)f(case)h(the)g(status)g(is)630 +1714 y(greater)31 b(than)f(128\),)i(a)e(v)-5 b(ariable)30 +b(assignmen)m(t)h(error)f(\(suc)m(h)f(as)i(assigning)f(to)h(a)f +(readonly)630 1823 y(v)-5 b(ariable\))30 b(o)s(ccurs,)f(or)f(an)h(in)m +(v)-5 b(alid)29 b(\014le)g(descriptor)f(is)h(supplied)e(as)i(the)g +(argumen)m(t)g(to)g Ft(-u)p Fu(.)150 1983 y Ft(readarray)870 +2092 y(readarray)45 b([-d)i Fj(delim)p Ft(])f([-n)h Fj(count)p +Ft(])f([-O)h Fj(origin)p Ft(])f([-s)h Fj(count)p Ft(])1061 +2202 y([-t])g([-u)f Fj(fd)p Ft(])h([-C)g Fj(callback)p +Ft(])f([-c)g Fj(quantum)p Ft(])g([)p Fj(array)p Ft(])630 +2336 y Fu(Read)38 b(lines)f(from)g(the)h(standard)e(input)g(in)m(to)j +(the)e(indexed)g(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b Fr(arra)m(y)p +Fu(,)i(or)630 2446 y(from)30 b(\014le)g(descriptor)h +Fr(fd)i Fu(if)d(the)h Ft(-u)e Fu(option)i(is)g(supplied.)630 +2580 y(A)f(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Ft(mapfile)p Fu(.)150 2740 +y Ft(source)870 2874 y(source)46 b Fj(filename)630 3009 +y Fu(A)30 b(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Ft(.)g Fu(\(see)i(Section)f(4.1)g +([Bourne)g(Shell)f(Builtins],)h(page)g(44\).)150 3168 +y Ft(type)870 3303 y(type)47 b([-afptP])e([)p Fj(name)i +Ft(...)o(])630 3437 y Fu(F)-8 b(or)42 b(eac)m(h)g Fr(name)p +Fu(,)i(indicate)e(ho)m(w)g(it)f(w)m(ould)g(b)s(e)g(in)m(terpreted)g(if) +g(used)f(as)i(a)f(command)630 3547 y(name.)630 3681 y(If)g(the)g +Ft(-t)g Fu(option)h(is)f(used,)j Ft(type)c Fu(prin)m(ts)h(a)h(single)g +(w)m(ord)f(whic)m(h)g(is)g(one)h(of)g(`)p Ft(alias)p +Fu(',)630 3791 y(`)p Ft(function)p Fu(',)32 b(`)p Ft(builtin)p +Fu(',)g(`)p Ft(file)p Fu(')g(or)h(`)p Ft(keyword)p Fu(',)f(if)h +Fr(name)38 b Fu(is)33 b(an)f(alias,)j(shell)e(function,)630 +3900 y(shell)i(builtin,)g(disk)g(\014le,)h(or)e(shell)h(reserv)m(ed)g +(w)m(ord,)h(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)55 b(If)34 b(the)h +Fr(name)40 b Fu(is)35 b(not)630 4010 y(found,)29 b(then)h(nothing)h(is) +f(prin)m(ted,)g(and)g Ft(type)f Fu(returns)g(a)i(failure)g(status.)630 +4144 y(If)25 b(the)g Ft(-p)g Fu(option)h(is)f(used,)h +Ft(type)e Fu(either)h(returns)g(the)g(name)g(of)h(the)f(disk)g(\014le)g +(that)h(w)m(ould)630 4254 y(b)s(e)k(executed,)h(or)g(nothing)f(if)g Ft(-t)g Fu(w)m(ould)g(not)h(return)e(`)p Ft(file)p Fu('.)630 -4161 y(The)h Ft(-P)g Fu(option)h(forces)g(a)g(path)f(searc)m(h)h(for)g +4389 y(The)h Ft(-P)g Fu(option)h(forces)g(a)g(path)f(searc)m(h)h(for)g (eac)m(h)g Fr(name)p Fu(,)g(ev)m(en)g(if)g Ft(-t)f Fu(w)m(ould)g(not)h -(return)630 4270 y(`)p Ft(file)p Fu('.)630 4401 y(If)f(a)g(command)g +(return)630 4498 y(`)p Ft(file)p Fu('.)630 4633 y(If)f(a)g(command)g (is)g(hashed,)f Ft(-p)h Fu(and)f Ft(-P)g Fu(prin)m(t)h(the)g(hashed)f -(v)-5 b(alue,)31 b(whic)m(h)f(is)g(not)g(neces-)630 4510 +(v)-5 b(alue,)31 b(whic)m(h)f(is)g(not)g(neces-)630 4742 y(sarily)h(the)f(\014le)h(that)g(app)s(ears)e(\014rst)h(in)g -Ft($PATH)p Fu(.)630 4641 y(If)22 b(the)i Ft(-a)e Fu(option)h(is)g +Ft($PATH)p Fu(.)630 4877 y(If)22 b(the)i Ft(-a)e Fu(option)h(is)g (used,)h Ft(type)e Fu(returns)f(all)j(of)f(the)g(places)h(that)f(con)m -(tain)i(an)d(executable)630 4750 y(named)32 b Fr(\014le)p +(tain)i(an)d(executable)630 4986 y(named)32 b Fr(\014le)p Fu(.)49 b(This)32 b(includes)h(aliases)h(and)e(functions,)i(if)f(and)f -(only)h(if)g(the)g Ft(-p)f Fu(option)i(is)630 4860 y(not)d(also)g -(used.)630 4990 y(If)f(the)g Ft(-f)g Fu(option)g(is)h(used,)e +(only)h(if)g(the)g Ft(-p)f Fu(option)i(is)630 5096 y(not)d(also)g +(used.)630 5230 y(If)f(the)g Ft(-f)g Fu(option)g(is)h(used,)e Ft(type)g Fu(do)s(es)h(not)h(attempt)g(to)g(\014nd)d(shell)j -(functions,)f(as)g(with)630 5100 y(the)h Ft(command)d -Fu(builtin.)630 5230 y(The)j(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)h(if)f(all)h -(of)f(the)h Fr(names)i Fu(are)e(found,)e(non-zero)i(if)f(an)m(y)g(are)h -(not)630 5340 y(found.)p eop end +(functions,)f(as)g(with)630 5340 y(the)h Ft(command)d +Fu(builtin.)p eop end %%Page: 61 67 TeXDict begin 61 66 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 -b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(61)150 299 y Ft(typeset)870 -432 y(typeset)46 b([-afFgrxilnrtux])d([-p])k([)p Fj(name)p -Ft([=)p Fj(value)p Ft(])d(...)o(])630 564 y Fu(The)31 -b Ft(typeset)e Fu(command)i(is)g(supplied)f(for)h(compatibilit)m(y)i -(with)e(the)g(Korn)f(shell.)44 b(It)31 b(is)630 674 y(a)g(synon)m(ym)f -(for)g(the)g Ft(declare)f Fu(builtin)h(command.)150 830 -y Ft(ulimit)870 963 y(ulimit)46 b([-HSabcdefiklmnpqrstuvxPT)o(])c([)p -Fj(limit)p Ft(])630 1096 y(ulimit)25 b Fu(pro)m(vides)h(con)m(trol)i(o) -m(v)m(er)g(the)f(resources)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)29 b(to)e(pro)s(cesses) -f(started)h(b)m(y)g(the)630 1205 y(shell,)i(on)f(systems)g(that)h(allo) -m(w)h(suc)m(h)e(con)m(trol.)41 b(If)28 b(an)g(option)h(is)f(giv)m(en,)i -(it)e(is)h(in)m(terpreted)630 1315 y(as)i(follo)m(ws:)630 -1471 y Ft(-S)384 b Fu(Change)30 b(and)g(rep)s(ort)g(the)g(soft)h(limit) -g(asso)s(ciated)h(with)e(a)h(resource.)630 1627 y Ft(-H)384 -b Fu(Change)30 b(and)g(rep)s(ort)g(the)g(hard)g(limit)h(asso)s(ciated)h -(with)e(a)h(resource.)630 1783 y Ft(-a)384 b Fu(All)31 -b(curren)m(t)f(limits)h(are)g(rep)s(orted.)630 1938 y -Ft(-b)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(so)s(c)m(k)m(et)i(bu\013er)e -(size.)630 2094 y Ft(-c)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(of)g -(core)g(\014les)f(created.)630 2250 y Ft(-d)384 b Fu(The)30 -b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(of)g(a)g(pro)s(cess's)f(data)h(segmen)m(t.)630 -2406 y Ft(-e)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(sc)m(heduling)h(priorit)m -(y)f(\()p Ft(")p Fu(nice)p Ft(")p Fu(\).)630 2562 y Ft(-f)384 -b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(of)g(\014les)f(written)h(b)m(y)f(the) -g(shell)h(and)f(its)h(c)m(hildren.)630 2718 y Ft(-i)384 +b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(61)630 299 y(The)31 +b(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)h(if)f(all)h(of)f(the)h +Fr(names)i Fu(are)e(found,)e(non-zero)i(if)f(an)m(y)g(are)h(not)630 +408 y(found.)150 571 y Ft(typeset)870 707 y(typeset)46 +b([-afFgrxilnrtux])d([-p])k([)p Fj(name)p Ft([=)p Fj(value)p +Ft(])d(...)o(])630 842 y Fu(The)31 b Ft(typeset)e Fu(command)i(is)g +(supplied)f(for)h(compatibilit)m(y)i(with)e(the)g(Korn)f(shell.)44 +b(It)31 b(is)630 952 y(a)g(synon)m(ym)f(for)g(the)g Ft(declare)f +Fu(builtin)h(command.)150 1114 y Ft(ulimit)870 1250 y(ulimit)46 +b([-HSabcdefiklmnpqrstuvxPT)o(])c([)p Fj(limit)p Ft(])630 +1386 y(ulimit)25 b Fu(pro)m(vides)h(con)m(trol)i(o)m(v)m(er)g(the)f +(resources)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)29 b(to)e(pro)s(cesses)f(started)h(b)m +(y)g(the)630 1496 y(shell,)i(on)f(systems)g(that)h(allo)m(w)h(suc)m(h)e +(con)m(trol.)41 b(If)28 b(an)g(option)h(is)f(giv)m(en,)i(it)e(is)h(in)m +(terpreted)630 1605 y(as)i(follo)m(ws:)630 1767 y Ft(-S)384 +b Fu(Change)30 b(and)g(rep)s(ort)g(the)g(soft)h(limit)g(asso)s(ciated)h +(with)e(a)h(resource.)630 1930 y Ft(-H)384 b Fu(Change)30 +b(and)g(rep)s(ort)g(the)g(hard)g(limit)h(asso)s(ciated)h(with)e(a)h +(resource.)630 2092 y Ft(-a)384 b Fu(All)31 b(curren)m(t)f(limits)h +(are)g(rep)s(orted.)630 2254 y Ft(-b)384 b Fu(The)30 +b(maxim)m(um)g(so)s(c)m(k)m(et)i(bu\013er)e(size.)630 +2416 y Ft(-c)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(of)g(core)g(\014les) +f(created.)630 2578 y Ft(-d)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(of)g +(a)g(pro)s(cess's)f(data)h(segmen)m(t.)630 2741 y Ft(-e)384 +b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(sc)m(heduling)h(priorit)m(y)f(\()p +Ft(")p Fu(nice)p Ft(")p Fu(\).)630 2903 y Ft(-f)384 b +Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(of)g(\014les)f(written)h(b)m(y)f(the)g +(shell)h(and)f(its)h(c)m(hildren.)630 3065 y Ft(-i)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(p)s(ending)e -(signals.)630 2874 y Ft(-k)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s +(signals.)630 3227 y Ft(-k)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s (er)f(of)i(kqueues)f(that)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(allo)s(cated.)630 -3030 y Ft(-l)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(that)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s -(e)f(lo)s(c)m(k)m(ed)i(in)m(to)f(memory)-8 b(.)630 3186 +3389 y Ft(-l)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(size)h(that)g(ma)m(y)g(b)s +(e)f(lo)s(c)m(k)m(ed)i(in)m(to)f(memory)-8 b(.)630 3551 y Ft(-m)384 b Fu(The)36 b(maxim)m(um)g(residen)m(t)h(set)g(size)g -(\(man)m(y)g(systems)f(do)h(not)f(honor)g(this)1110 3296 -y(limit\).)630 3452 y Ft(-n)384 b Fu(The)38 b(maxim)m(um)h(n)m(um)m(b)s +(\(man)m(y)g(systems)f(do)h(not)f(honor)g(this)1110 3661 +y(limit\).)630 3823 y Ft(-n)384 b Fu(The)38 b(maxim)m(um)h(n)m(um)m(b)s (er)e(of)i(op)s(en)f(\014le)h(descriptors)g(\(most)g(systems)g(do)1110 -3561 y(not)31 b(allo)m(w)g(this)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(to)g(b)s(e)e(set\).) -630 3717 y Ft(-p)384 b Fu(The)30 b(pip)s(e)f(bu\013er)h(size.)630 -3873 y Ft(-q)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(b)m -(ytes)g(in)f Fm(posix)f Fu(message)j(queues.)630 4029 +3933 y(not)31 b(allo)m(w)g(this)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(to)g(b)s(e)e(set\).) +630 4095 y Ft(-p)384 b Fu(The)30 b(pip)s(e)f(bu\013er)h(size.)630 +4257 y Ft(-q)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(b)m +(ytes)g(in)f Fm(posix)f Fu(message)j(queues.)630 4419 y Ft(-r)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(real-time)i(sc)m(heduling)f -(priorit)m(y)-8 b(.)630 4185 y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(The)30 -b(maxim)m(um)g(stac)m(k)i(size.)630 4341 y Ft(-t)384 +(priorit)m(y)-8 b(.)630 4582 y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(The)30 +b(maxim)m(um)g(stac)m(k)i(size.)630 4744 y Ft(-t)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(amoun)m(t)h(of)f(cpu)g(time)h(in)f(seconds.) -630 4497 y Ft(-u)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i +630 4906 y Ft(-u)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i (pro)s(cesses)f(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)33 b(to)e(a)f(single)i(user.)630 -4653 y Ft(-v)384 b Fu(The)41 b(maxim)m(um)h(amoun)m(t)g(of)h(virtual)f +5068 y Ft(-v)384 b Fu(The)41 b(maxim)m(um)h(amoun)m(t)g(of)h(virtual)f (memory)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)44 b(to)e(the)g(shell,)1110 -4763 y(and,)30 b(on)g(some)h(systems,)g(to)g(its)g(c)m(hildren.)630 -4918 y Ft(-x)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i -(\014le)f(lo)s(c)m(ks.)630 5074 y Ft(-P)384 b Fu(The)30 -b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(pseudoterminals.)630 -5230 y Ft(-R)384 b Fu(The)27 b(maxim)m(um)h(time)h(a)f(real-time)i(pro) -s(cess)d(can)i(run)d(b)s(efore)i(blo)s(c)m(king,)h(in)1110 -5340 y(microseconds.)p eop end +5178 y(and,)30 b(on)g(some)h(systems,)g(to)g(its)g(c)m(hildren.)630 +5340 y Ft(-x)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i +(\014le)f(lo)s(c)m(ks.)p eop end %%Page: 62 68 TeXDict begin 62 67 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 -b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(62)630 299 y Ft(-T)384 -b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(threads.)630 -451 y(If)36 b Fr(limit)k Fu(is)c(giv)m(en,)k(and)c(the)h -Ft(-a)f Fu(option)h(is)f(not)h(used,)h Fr(limit)h Fu(is)e(the)g(new)f -(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)g(the)630 561 y(sp)s(eci\014ed)c(resource.)51 -b(The)34 b(sp)s(ecial)g Fr(limit)j Fu(v)-5 b(alues)34 -b Ft(hard)p Fu(,)g Ft(soft)p Fu(,)g(and)f Ft(unlimited)e -Fu(stand)630 670 y(for)h(the)g(curren)m(t)g(hard)f(limit,)i(the)g -(curren)m(t)f(soft)g(limit,)h(and)f(no)g(limit,)h(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 -b(.)48 b(A)630 780 y(hard)37 b(limit)h(cannot)h(b)s(e)e(increased)h(b)m -(y)f(a)h(non-ro)s(ot)g(user)f(once)i(it)f(is)g(set;)k(a)c(soft)g(limit) -630 890 y(ma)m(y)j(b)s(e)e(increased)i(up)e(to)h(the)h(v)-5 -b(alue)40 b(of)g(the)h(hard)e(limit.)70 b(Otherwise,)43 -b(the)d(curren)m(t)630 999 y(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(of)h(the)f(soft)g(limit)h -(for)e(the)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(resource)g(is)g(prin)m(ted,)g(unless)f -(the)h Ft(-H)f Fu(option)630 1109 y(is)h(supplied.)39 -b(When)29 b(setting)h(new)f(limits,)h(if)f(neither)g -Ft(-H)g Fu(nor)f Ft(-S)h Fu(is)g(supplied,)f(b)s(oth)h(the)630 -1218 y(hard)i(and)h(soft)h(limits)g(are)f(set.)48 b(If)31 -b(no)i(option)f(is)h(giv)m(en,)h(then)e Ft(-f)g Fu(is)g(assumed.)46 -b(V)-8 b(alues)630 1328 y(are)38 b(in)g(1024-b)m(yte)i(incremen)m(ts,)g -(except)f(for)f Ft(-t)p Fu(,)h(whic)m(h)e(is)h(in)g(seconds;)j -Ft(-R)p Fu(,)e(whic)m(h)f(is)630 1438 y(in)g(microseconds;)43 +b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(62)630 299 y Ft(-P)384 +b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(pseudoterminals.)630 +462 y Ft(-R)384 b Fu(The)27 b(maxim)m(um)h(time)h(a)f(real-time)i(pro)s +(cess)d(can)i(run)d(b)s(efore)i(blo)s(c)m(king,)h(in)1110 +571 y(microseconds.)630 734 y Ft(-T)384 b Fu(The)30 b(maxim)m(um)g(n)m +(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)i(threads.)630 896 y(If)36 b Fr(limit)k +Fu(is)c(giv)m(en,)k(and)c(the)h Ft(-a)f Fu(option)h(is)f(not)h(used,)h +Fr(limit)h Fu(is)e(the)g(new)f(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)g(the)630 +1006 y(sp)s(eci\014ed)c(resource.)51 b(The)34 b(sp)s(ecial)g +Fr(limit)j Fu(v)-5 b(alues)34 b Ft(hard)p Fu(,)g Ft(soft)p +Fu(,)g(and)f Ft(unlimited)e Fu(stand)630 1116 y(for)h(the)g(curren)m(t) +g(hard)f(limit,)i(the)g(curren)m(t)f(soft)g(limit,)h(and)f(no)g(limit,) +h(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)48 b(A)630 1225 y(hard)37 +b(limit)h(cannot)h(b)s(e)e(increased)h(b)m(y)f(a)h(non-ro)s(ot)g(user)f +(once)i(it)f(is)g(set;)k(a)c(soft)g(limit)630 1335 y(ma)m(y)j(b)s(e)e +(increased)i(up)e(to)h(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)40 b(of)g(the)h(hard)e(limit.) +70 b(Otherwise,)43 b(the)d(curren)m(t)630 1444 y(v)-5 +b(alue)29 b(of)h(the)f(soft)g(limit)h(for)e(the)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)g +(resource)g(is)g(prin)m(ted,)g(unless)f(the)h Ft(-H)f +Fu(option)630 1554 y(is)h(supplied.)39 b(When)29 b(setting)h(new)f +(limits,)h(if)f(neither)g Ft(-H)g Fu(nor)f Ft(-S)h Fu(is)g(supplied,)f +(b)s(oth)h(the)630 1664 y(hard)i(and)h(soft)h(limits)g(are)f(set.)48 +b(If)31 b(no)i(option)f(is)h(giv)m(en,)h(then)e Ft(-f)g +Fu(is)g(assumed.)46 b(V)-8 b(alues)630 1773 y(are)38 +b(in)g(1024-b)m(yte)i(incremen)m(ts,)g(except)f(for)f +Ft(-t)p Fu(,)h(whic)m(h)e(is)h(in)g(seconds;)j Ft(-R)p +Fu(,)e(whic)m(h)f(is)630 1883 y(in)g(microseconds;)43 b Ft(-p)p Fu(,)d(whic)m(h)e(is)g(in)g(units)f(of)i(512-b)m(yte)h(blo)s (c)m(ks;)j Ft(-P)p Fu(,)d Ft(-T)p Fu(,)g Ft(-b)p Fu(,)g -Ft(-k)p Fu(,)g Ft(-n)630 1547 y Fu(and)29 b Ft(-u)p Fu(,)h(whic)m(h)f +Ft(-k)p Fu(,)g Ft(-n)630 1992 y Fu(and)29 b Ft(-u)p Fu(,)h(whic)m(h)f (are)h(unscaled)f(v)-5 b(alues;)31 b(and,)e(when)g(in)h -Fm(posix)e Fu(Mo)s(de)i(\(see)h(Section)f(6.11)630 1657 +Fm(posix)e Fu(Mo)s(de)i(\(see)h(Section)f(6.11)630 2102 y([Bash)h(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(101\),)i Ft(-c)c Fu(and)h Ft(-f)p Fu(,)g(whic)m(h)g(are)h(in)f(512-b)m(yte)j(incremen)m -(ts.)630 1788 y(The)h(return)g(status)h(is)f(zero)i(unless)e(an)g(in)m +(ts.)630 2238 y(The)h(return)g(status)h(is)f(zero)i(unless)e(an)g(in)m (v)-5 b(alid)36 b(option)f(or)f(argumen)m(t)i(is)e(supplied,)h(or)630 -1897 y(an)30 b(error)g(o)s(ccurs)g(while)h(setting)g(a)g(new)f(limit.) -150 2050 y Ft(unalias)870 2181 y(unalias)46 b([-a])g([)p -Fj(name)h Ft(...)g(])630 2312 y Fu(Remo)m(v)m(e)42 b(eac)m(h)f +2348 y(an)30 b(error)g(o)s(ccurs)g(while)h(setting)g(a)g(new)f(limit.) +150 2510 y Ft(unalias)870 2646 y(unalias)46 b([-a])g([)p +Fj(name)h Ft(...)g(])630 2782 y Fu(Remo)m(v)m(e)42 b(eac)m(h)f Fr(name)k Fu(from)39 b(the)i(list)f(of)g(aliases.)71 b(If)40 b Ft(-a)f Fu(is)h(supplied,)h(all)g(aliases)h(are)630 -2421 y(remo)m(v)m(ed.)g(Aliases)31 b(are)g(describ)s(ed)e(in)h(Section) -i(6.6)f([Aliases],)h(page)f(94.)150 2655 y Fs(4.3)68 -b(Mo)t(difying)45 b(Shell)g(Beha)l(vior)150 2876 y Fk(4.3.1)63 -b(The)41 b(Set)g(Builtin)150 3023 y Fu(This)35 b(builtin)h(is)g(so)g +2892 y(remo)m(v)m(ed.)g(Aliases)31 b(are)g(describ)s(ed)e(in)h(Section) +i(6.6)f([Aliases],)h(page)f(94.)150 3138 y Fs(4.3)68 +b(Mo)t(difying)45 b(Shell)g(Beha)l(vior)150 3362 y Fk(4.3.1)63 +b(The)41 b(Set)g(Builtin)150 3509 y Fu(This)35 b(builtin)h(is)g(so)g (complicated)i(that)f(it)f(deserv)m(es)h(its)f(o)m(wn)g(section.)59 b Ft(set)35 b Fu(allo)m(ws)j(y)m(ou)e(to)h(c)m(hange)150 -3132 y(the)c(v)-5 b(alues)34 b(of)f(shell)g(options)h(and)e(set)i(the)f +3618 y(the)c(v)-5 b(alues)34 b(of)f(shell)g(options)h(and)e(set)i(the)f (p)s(ositional)h(parameters,)h(or)e(to)h(displa)m(y)f(the)g(names)h -(and)150 3242 y(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(of)f(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariables.)150 -3394 y Ft(set)870 3525 y(set)47 b([--abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT])41 +(and)150 3728 y(v)-5 b(alues)31 b(of)f(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariables.)150 +3892 y Ft(set)870 4028 y(set)47 b([--abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT])41 b([-o)47 b Fj(option-name)p Ft(])e([)p Fj(argument)g -Ft(...)o(])870 3635 y(set)i([+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT])42 +Ft(...)o(])870 4138 y(set)i([+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT])42 b([+o)47 b Fj(option-name)p Ft(])d([)p Fj(argument)h -Ft(...)o(])630 3766 y Fu(If)22 b(no)h(options)g(or)g(argumen)m(ts)g +Ft(...)o(])630 4274 y Fu(If)22 b(no)h(options)g(or)g(argumen)m(ts)g (are)g(supplied,)g Ft(set)f Fu(displa)m(ys)g(the)h(names)g(and)f(v)-5 -b(alues)23 b(of)g(all)630 3875 y(shell)j(v)-5 b(ariables)27 +b(alues)23 b(of)g(all)630 4384 y(shell)j(v)-5 b(ariables)27 b(and)e(functions,)h(sorted)g(according)h(to)g(the)f(curren)m(t)f(lo)s -(cale,)k(in)c(a)i(format)630 3985 y(that)i(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(reused)g +(cale,)k(in)c(a)i(format)630 4493 y(that)i(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)e(reused)g (as)h(input)f(for)h(setting)h(or)e(resetting)i(the)f(curren)m(tly-set)h -(v)-5 b(ariables.)630 4094 y(Read-only)37 b(v)-5 b(ariables)37 +(v)-5 b(ariables.)630 4603 y(Read-only)37 b(v)-5 b(ariables)37 b(cannot)h(b)s(e)e(reset.)59 b(In)36 b Fm(posix)g Fu(mo)s(de,)i(only)f -(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariables)38 b(are)630 4204 y(listed.)630 -4335 y(When)29 b(options)g(are)g(supplied,)f(they)h(set)h(or)f(unset)f +(shell)f(v)-5 b(ariables)38 b(are)630 4712 y(listed.)630 +4849 y(When)29 b(options)g(are)g(supplied,)f(they)h(set)h(or)f(unset)f (shell)h(attributes.)41 b(Options,)29 b(if)g(sp)s(ec-)630 -4445 y(i\014ed,)h(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)e(follo)m(wing)i(meanings:)630 -4597 y Ft(-a)384 b Fu(Eac)m(h)37 b(v)-5 b(ariable)36 +4958 y(i\014ed,)h(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)e(follo)m(wing)i(meanings:)630 +5121 y Ft(-a)384 b Fu(Eac)m(h)37 b(v)-5 b(ariable)36 b(or)g(function)g(that)g(is)g(created)h(or)f(mo)s(di\014ed)f(is)h(giv)m -(en)h(the)1110 4706 y(exp)s(ort)28 b(attribute)h(and)f(mark)m(ed)g(for) +(en)h(the)1110 5230 y(exp)s(ort)28 b(attribute)h(and)f(mark)m(ed)g(for) g(exp)s(ort)g(to)h(the)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)f(of)h(sub-)1110 -4816 y(sequen)m(t)i(commands.)630 4968 y Ft(-b)384 b -Fu(Cause)44 b(the)h(status)g(of)f(terminated)h(bac)m(kground)g(jobs)f -(to)h(b)s(e)f(rep)s(orted)1110 5078 y(immediately)-8 -b(,)30 b(rather)d(than)f(b)s(efore)h(prin)m(ting)g(the)g(next)g -(primary)g(prompt.)630 5230 y Ft(-e)384 b Fu(Exit)65 -b(immediately)g(if)f(a)h(pip)s(eline)e(\(see)i(Section)g(3.2.3)h([Pip)s -(elines],)1110 5340 y(page)56 b(8\),)62 b(whic)m(h)55 -b(ma)m(y)h(consist)f(of)h(a)f(single)h(simple)f(command)g(\(see)p -eop end +5340 y(sequen)m(t)i(commands.)p eop end %%Page: 63 69 TeXDict begin 63 68 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 -b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(63)1110 299 y(Section)30 +b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(63)630 299 y Ft(-b)384 +b Fu(Cause)44 b(the)h(status)g(of)f(terminated)h(bac)m(kground)g(jobs)f +(to)h(b)s(e)f(rep)s(orted)1110 408 y(immediately)-8 b(,)30 +b(rather)d(than)f(b)s(efore)h(prin)m(ting)g(the)g(next)g(primary)g +(prompt.)630 555 y Ft(-e)384 b Fu(Exit)65 b(immediately)g(if)f(a)h(pip) +s(eline)e(\(see)i(Section)g(3.2.3)h([Pip)s(elines],)1110 +664 y(page)56 b(8\),)62 b(whic)m(h)55 b(ma)m(y)h(consist)f(of)h(a)f +(single)h(simple)f(command)g(\(see)1110 774 y(Section)30 b(3.2.2)i([Simple)d(Commands],)g(page)h(8\),)h(a)f(list)g(\(see)h -(Section)f(3.2.4)1110 408 y([Lists],)66 b(page)59 b(9\),)67 +(Section)f(3.2.4)1110 883 y([Lists],)66 b(page)59 b(9\),)67 b(or)58 b(a)h(comp)s(ound)e(command)h(\(see)h(Section)g(3.2.5)1110 -518 y([Comp)s(ound)h(Commands],)70 b(page)63 b(10\))g(returns)e(a)i -(non-zero)f(status.)1110 628 y(The)41 b(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not)g(exit)h +993 y([Comp)s(ound)h(Commands],)70 b(page)63 b(10\))g(returns)e(a)i +(non-zero)f(status.)1110 1103 y(The)41 b(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not)g(exit)h (if)f(the)h(command)f(that)h(fails)f(is)g(part)g(of)h(the)1110 -737 y(command)g(list)h(immediately)g(follo)m(wing)g(a)g +1212 y(command)g(list)h(immediately)g(follo)m(wing)g(a)g Ft(while)e Fu(or)h Ft(until)e Fu(k)m(eyw)m(ord,)1110 -847 y(part)61 b(of)g(the)g(test)h(in)e(an)h Ft(if)f Fu(statemen)m(t,)71 -b(part)61 b(of)g(an)m(y)g(command)1110 956 y(executed)50 -b(in)e(a)h Ft(&&)f Fu(or)h Ft(||)f Fu(list)h(except)g(the)g(command)g -(follo)m(wing)h(the)1110 1066 y(\014nal)37 b Ft(&&)g -Fu(or)g Ft(||)p Fu(,)h(an)m(y)g(command)f(in)g(a)g(pip)s(eline)g(but)g -(the)g(last,)j(or)e(if)f(the)1110 1176 y(command's)c(return)f(status)h -(is)g(b)s(eing)g(in)m(v)m(erted)h(with)e Ft(!)p Fu(.)48 -b(If)33 b(a)g(comp)s(ound)1110 1285 y(command)g(other)g(than)f(a)i -(subshell)d(returns)h(a)h(non-zero)h(status)f(b)s(ecause)1110 -1395 y(a)k(command)g(failed)g(while)g Ft(-e)f Fu(w)m(as)i(b)s(eing)e -(ignored,)j(the)e(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not)1110 1504 y(exit.)42 -b(A)30 b(trap)g(on)h Ft(ERR)p Fu(,)e(if)i(set,)g(is)f(executed)i(b)s -(efore)e(the)g(shell)h(exits.)1110 1644 y(This)f(option)h(applies)f(to) -h(the)g(shell)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(and)f(eac)m(h)h(subshell)f(en-)1110 -1754 y(vironmen)m(t)j(separately)i(\(see)f(Section)g(3.7.3)h([Command)d -(Execution)i(En-)1110 1864 y(vironmen)m(t],)i(page)f(40\),)i(and)d(ma)m -(y)h(cause)f(subshells)g(to)h(exit)g(b)s(efore)f(exe-)1110 -1973 y(cuting)d(all)g(the)g(commands)f(in)g(the)g(subshell.)1110 -2113 y(If)41 b(a)g(comp)s(ound)e(command)i(or)g(shell)g(function)g -(executes)h(in)f(a)g(con)m(text)1110 2223 y(where)31 -b Ft(-e)g Fu(is)g(b)s(eing)g(ignored,)h(none)f(of)h(the)f(commands)g -(executed)h(within)1110 2332 y(the)j(comp)s(ound)f(command)h(or)g -(function)f(b)s(o)s(dy)g(will)h(b)s(e)f(a\013ected)j(b)m(y)e(the)1110 -2442 y Ft(-e)25 b Fu(setting,)j(ev)m(en)e(if)g Ft(-e)f -Fu(is)h(set)g(and)f(a)h(command)g(returns)e(a)i(failure)g(status.)1110 -2552 y(If)32 b(a)i(comp)s(ound)d(command)i(or)g(shell)g(function)f -(sets)i Ft(-e)e Fu(while)h(executing)1110 2661 y(in)40 -b(a)h(con)m(text)i(where)d Ft(-e)g Fu(is)h(ignored,)j(that)d(setting)h -(will)f(not)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(an)m(y)1110 2771 y(e\013ect)g(un)m(til)e -(the)h(comp)s(ound)e(command)h(or)g(the)g(command)g(con)m(taining)1110 -2880 y(the)31 b(function)f(call)h(completes.)630 3051 -y Ft(-f)384 b Fu(Disable)31 b(\014lename)g(expansion)f(\(globbing\).) -630 3221 y Ft(-h)384 b Fu(Lo)s(cate)33 b(and)e(remem)m(b)s(er)h -(\(hash\))g(commands)f(as)h(they)g(are)g(lo)s(ok)m(ed)h(up)e(for)1110 -3331 y(execution.)42 b(This)29 b(option)i(is)g(enabled)f(b)m(y)g -(default.)630 3501 y Ft(-k)384 b Fu(All)34 b(argumen)m(ts)g(in)f(the)h -(form)f(of)g(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m(ts)i(are)d(placed)h(in)1110 -3611 y(the)k(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(for)g(a)g(command,)h(not)f(just)f -(those)i(that)f(precede)g(the)1110 3720 y(command)30 -b(name.)630 3891 y Ft(-m)384 b Fu(Job)28 b(con)m(trol)h(is)f(enabled)g +1322 y(part)61 b(of)g(the)g(test)h(in)e(an)h Ft(if)f +Fu(statemen)m(t,)71 b(part)61 b(of)g(an)m(y)g(command)1110 +1431 y(executed)50 b(in)e(a)h Ft(&&)f Fu(or)h Ft(||)f +Fu(list)h(except)g(the)g(command)g(follo)m(wing)h(the)1110 +1541 y(\014nal)37 b Ft(&&)g Fu(or)g Ft(||)p Fu(,)h(an)m(y)g(command)f +(in)g(a)g(pip)s(eline)g(but)g(the)g(last,)j(or)e(if)f(the)1110 +1650 y(command's)c(return)f(status)h(is)g(b)s(eing)g(in)m(v)m(erted)h +(with)e Ft(!)p Fu(.)48 b(If)33 b(a)g(comp)s(ound)1110 +1760 y(command)g(other)g(than)f(a)i(subshell)d(returns)h(a)h(non-zero)h +(status)f(b)s(ecause)1110 1870 y(a)k(command)g(failed)g(while)g +Ft(-e)f Fu(w)m(as)i(b)s(eing)e(ignored,)j(the)e(shell)g(do)s(es)g(not) +1110 1979 y(exit.)42 b(A)30 b(trap)g(on)h Ft(ERR)p Fu(,)e(if)i(set,)g +(is)f(executed)i(b)s(efore)e(the)g(shell)h(exits.)1110 +2107 y(This)f(option)h(applies)f(to)h(the)g(shell)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g +(and)f(eac)m(h)h(subshell)f(en-)1110 2217 y(vironmen)m(t)j(separately)i +(\(see)f(Section)g(3.7.3)h([Command)d(Execution)i(En-)1110 +2326 y(vironmen)m(t],)i(page)f(40\),)i(and)d(ma)m(y)h(cause)f +(subshells)g(to)h(exit)g(b)s(efore)f(exe-)1110 2436 y(cuting)d(all)g +(the)g(commands)f(in)g(the)g(subshell.)1110 2564 y(If)41 +b(a)g(comp)s(ound)e(command)i(or)g(shell)g(function)g(executes)h(in)f +(a)g(con)m(text)1110 2673 y(where)31 b Ft(-e)g Fu(is)g(b)s(eing)g +(ignored,)h(none)f(of)h(the)f(commands)g(executed)h(within)1110 +2783 y(the)j(comp)s(ound)f(command)h(or)g(function)f(b)s(o)s(dy)g(will) +h(b)s(e)f(a\013ected)j(b)m(y)e(the)1110 2892 y Ft(-e)25 +b Fu(setting,)j(ev)m(en)e(if)g Ft(-e)f Fu(is)h(set)g(and)f(a)h(command) +g(returns)e(a)i(failure)g(status.)1110 3002 y(If)32 b(a)i(comp)s(ound)d +(command)i(or)g(shell)g(function)f(sets)i Ft(-e)e Fu(while)h(executing) +1110 3112 y(in)40 b(a)h(con)m(text)i(where)d Ft(-e)g +Fu(is)h(ignored,)j(that)d(setting)h(will)f(not)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(an)m(y) +1110 3221 y(e\013ect)g(un)m(til)e(the)h(comp)s(ound)e(command)h(or)g +(the)g(command)g(con)m(taining)1110 3331 y(the)31 b(function)f(call)h +(completes.)630 3477 y Ft(-f)384 b Fu(Disable)31 b(\014lename)g +(expansion)f(\(globbing\).)630 3623 y Ft(-h)384 b Fu(Lo)s(cate)33 +b(and)e(remem)m(b)s(er)h(\(hash\))g(commands)f(as)h(they)g(are)g(lo)s +(ok)m(ed)h(up)e(for)1110 3733 y(execution.)42 b(This)29 +b(option)i(is)g(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630 3879 y +Ft(-k)384 b Fu(All)34 b(argumen)m(ts)g(in)f(the)h(form)f(of)g +(assignmen)m(t)h(statemen)m(ts)i(are)d(placed)h(in)1110 +3988 y(the)k(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g(for)g(a)g(command,)h(not)f(just)f +(those)i(that)f(precede)g(the)1110 4098 y(command)30 +b(name.)630 4244 y Ft(-m)384 b Fu(Job)28 b(con)m(trol)h(is)f(enabled)g (\(see)h(Chapter)f(7)g([Job)g(Con)m(trol],)i(page)f(107\).)41 -b(All)1110 4001 y(pro)s(cesses)27 b(run)f(in)i(a)g(separate)g(pro)s +b(All)1110 4354 y(pro)s(cesses)27 b(run)f(in)i(a)g(separate)g(pro)s (cess)f(group.)40 b(When)27 b(a)h(bac)m(kground)f(job)1110 -4110 y(completes,)32 b(the)f(shell)f(prin)m(ts)g(a)h(line)f(con)m -(taining)i(its)f(exit)g(status.)630 4281 y Ft(-n)384 +4463 y(completes,)32 b(the)f(shell)f(prin)m(ts)g(a)h(line)f(con)m +(taining)i(its)f(exit)g(status.)630 4609 y Ft(-n)384 b Fu(Read)38 b(commands)f(but)f(do)i(not)f(execute)i(them.)62 -b(This)37 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)1110 4390 y(c)m(hec)m(k)d(a)e +b(This)37 b(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(used)f(to)1110 4719 y(c)m(hec)m(k)d(a)e (script)g(for)g(syn)m(tax)h(errors.)42 b(This)30 b(option)i(is)f -(ignored)g(b)m(y)g(in)m(terac-)1110 4500 y(tiv)m(e)h(shells.)630 -4670 y Ft(-o)e Fj(option-name)1110 4780 y Fu(Set)h(the)f(option)h +(ignored)g(b)m(y)g(in)m(terac-)1110 4829 y(tiv)m(e)h(shells.)630 +4975 y Ft(-o)e Fj(option-name)1110 5084 y Fu(Set)h(the)f(option)h (corresp)s(onding)e(to)i Fr(option-name)5 b Fu(:)1110 -4950 y Ft(allexport)1590 5060 y Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-a)p -Fu(.)1110 5230 y Ft(braceexpand)1590 5340 y Fu(Same)f(as)h -Ft(-B)p Fu(.)p eop end +5230 y Ft(allexport)1590 5340 y Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-a)p +Fu(.)p eop end %%Page: 64 70 TeXDict begin 64 69 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(64)1110 299 y -Ft(emacs)240 b Fu(Use)25 b(an)f Ft(emacs)p Fu(-st)m(yle)h(line)f -(editing)h(in)m(terface)h(\(see)g(Chapter)e(8)1590 408 +Ft(braceexpand)1590 408 y Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-B)p Fu(.)1110 +573 y Ft(emacs)240 b Fu(Use)25 b(an)f Ft(emacs)p Fu(-st)m(yle)h(line)f +(editing)h(in)m(terface)h(\(see)g(Chapter)e(8)1590 682 y([Command)33 b(Line)g(Editing],)h(page)h(111\).)51 b(This)32 -b(also)i(a\013ects)1590 518 y(the)d(editing)g(in)m(terface)h(used)d -(for)h Ft(read)f(-e)p Fu(.)1110 675 y Ft(errexit)144 -b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-e)p Fu(.)1110 831 y Ft(errtrace)96 -b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-E)p Fu(.)1110 988 y Ft(functrace)1590 -1097 y Fu(Same)f(as)h Ft(-T)p Fu(.)1110 1254 y Ft(hashall)144 -b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-h)p Fu(.)1110 1410 y Ft(histexpand)1590 -1520 y Fu(Same)f(as)h Ft(-H)p Fu(.)1110 1677 y Ft(history)144 +b(also)i(a\013ects)1590 792 y(the)d(editing)g(in)m(terface)h(used)d +(for)h Ft(read)f(-e)p Fu(.)1110 956 y Ft(errexit)144 +b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-e)p Fu(.)1110 1121 y Ft(errtrace)96 +b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-E)p Fu(.)1110 1285 y Ft(functrace)1590 +1395 y Fu(Same)f(as)h Ft(-T)p Fu(.)1110 1559 y Ft(hashall)144 +b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-h)p Fu(.)1110 1724 y Ft(histexpand)1590 +1833 y Fu(Same)f(as)h Ft(-H)p Fu(.)1110 1998 y Ft(history)144 b Fu(Enable)39 b(command)g(history)-8 b(,)42 b(as)d(describ)s(ed)f(in)h -(Section)h(9.1)1590 1786 y([Bash)d(History)g(F)-8 b(acilities],)41 -b(page)c(146.)60 b(This)36 b(option)h(is)f(on)1590 1896 +(Section)h(9.1)1590 2107 y([Bash)d(History)g(F)-8 b(acilities],)41 +b(page)c(146.)60 b(This)36 b(option)h(is)f(on)1590 2217 y(b)m(y)30 b(default)h(in)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)1110 -2052 y Ft(ignoreeof)1590 2162 y Fu(An)d(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e -(will)g(not)f(exit)h(up)s(on)e(reading)i(EOF.)1110 2318 +2381 y Ft(ignoreeof)1590 2491 y Fu(An)d(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e +(will)g(not)f(exit)h(up)s(on)e(reading)i(EOF.)1110 2655 y Ft(keyword)144 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-k)p Fu(.)1110 -2475 y Ft(monitor)144 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-m)p Fu(.)1110 -2632 y Ft(noclobber)1590 2741 y Fu(Same)f(as)h Ft(-C)p -Fu(.)1110 2898 y Ft(noexec)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-n)p -Fu(.)1110 3054 y Ft(noglob)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-f)p -Fu(.)1110 3211 y Ft(nolog)240 b Fu(Curren)m(tly)30 b(ignored.)1110 -3367 y Ft(notify)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-b)p Fu(.)1110 -3524 y Ft(nounset)144 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-u)p Fu(.)1110 -3680 y Ft(onecmd)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-t)p Fu(.)1110 -3837 y Ft(physical)96 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-P)p Fu(.)1110 -3994 y Ft(pipefail)96 b Fu(If)44 b(set,)k(the)d(return)e(v)-5 +2819 y Ft(monitor)144 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-m)p Fu(.)1110 +2984 y Ft(noclobber)1590 3093 y Fu(Same)f(as)h Ft(-C)p +Fu(.)1110 3258 y Ft(noexec)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-n)p +Fu(.)1110 3422 y Ft(noglob)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-f)p +Fu(.)1110 3587 y Ft(nolog)240 b Fu(Curren)m(tly)30 b(ignored.)1110 +3751 y Ft(notify)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-b)p Fu(.)1110 +3915 y Ft(nounset)144 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-u)p Fu(.)1110 +4080 y Ft(onecmd)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-t)p Fu(.)1110 +4244 y Ft(physical)96 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-P)p Fu(.)1110 +4408 y Ft(pipefail)96 b Fu(If)44 b(set,)k(the)d(return)e(v)-5 b(alue)45 b(of)f(a)h(pip)s(eline)e(is)i(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)45 -b(of)1590 4103 y(the)33 b(last)h(\(righ)m(tmost\))h(command)e(to)h -(exit)g(with)f(a)g(non-zero)1590 4213 y(status,)28 b(or)f(zero)g(if)f +b(of)1590 4518 y(the)33 b(last)h(\(righ)m(tmost\))h(command)e(to)h +(exit)g(with)f(a)g(non-zero)1590 4628 y(status,)28 b(or)f(zero)g(if)f (all)i(commands)e(in)g(the)h(pip)s(eline)f(exit)i(suc-)1590 -4322 y(cessfully)-8 b(.)41 b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(disabled)g(b)m(y)h -(default.)1110 4479 y Ft(posix)240 b Fu(Change)30 b(the)g(b)s(eha)m +4737 y(cessfully)-8 b(.)41 b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(disabled)g(b)m(y)h +(default.)1110 4902 y Ft(posix)240 b Fu(Change)30 b(the)g(b)s(eha)m (vior)h(of)f(Bash)g(where)g(the)g(default)h(op)s(era-)1590 -4589 y(tion)25 b(di\013ers)f(from)g(the)h Fm(posix)f -Fu(standard)f(to)i(matc)m(h)h(the)f(stan-)1590 4698 y(dard)h(\(see)j +5011 y(tion)25 b(di\013ers)f(from)g(the)h Fm(posix)f +Fu(standard)f(to)i(matc)m(h)h(the)f(stan-)1590 5121 y(dard)h(\(see)j (Section)f(6.11)h([Bash)f(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)j(page)f(101\).)1590 -4808 y(This)37 b(is)g(in)m(tended)g(to)h(mak)m(e)g(Bash)g(b)s(eha)m(v)m -(e)g(as)g(a)f(strict)h(su-)1590 4917 y(p)s(erset)30 b(of)h(that)f -(standard.)1110 5074 y Ft(privileged)1590 5183 y Fu(Same)g(as)h -Ft(-p)p Fu(.)1110 5340 y Ft(verbose)144 b Fu(Same)30 -b(as)h Ft(-v)p Fu(.)p eop end +5230 y(This)37 b(is)g(in)m(tended)g(to)h(mak)m(e)g(Bash)g(b)s(eha)m(v)m +(e)g(as)g(a)f(strict)h(su-)1590 5340 y(p)s(erset)30 b(of)h(that)f +(standard.)p eop end %%Page: 65 71 TeXDict begin 65 70 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(65)1110 299 y -Ft(vi)384 b Fu(Use)36 b(a)g Ft(vi)p Fu(-st)m(yle)g(line)g(editing)g(in) -m(terface.)58 b(This)35 b(also)h(a\013ects)1590 408 y(the)31 -b(editing)g(in)m(terface)h(used)d(for)h Ft(read)f(-e)p -Fu(.)1110 555 y Ft(xtrace)192 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-x)p -Fu(.)630 701 y Ft(-p)384 b Fu(T)-8 b(urn)33 b(on)h(privileged)h(mo)s -(de.)51 b(In)34 b(this)g(mo)s(de,)h(the)f Ft($BASH_ENV)e -Fu(and)h Ft($ENV)1110 810 y Fu(\014les)23 b(are)h(not)f(pro)s(cessed,)h -(shell)g(functions)e(are)i(not)f(inherited)g(from)f(the)i(en-)1110 -920 y(vironmen)m(t,)h(and)e(the)g Ft(SHELLOPTS)p Fu(,)f -Ft(BASHOPTS)p Fu(,)h Ft(CDPATH)e Fu(and)i Ft(GLOBIGNORE)1110 -1029 y Fu(v)-5 b(ariables,)23 b(if)e(they)g(app)s(ear)f(in)g(the)h(en)m -(vironmen)m(t,)i(are)e(ignored.)38 b(If)20 b(the)h(shell)1110 -1139 y(is)37 b(started)h(with)f(the)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)d -(\(group\))g(id)g(not)g(equal)h(to)g(the)f(real)1110 -1249 y(user)h(\(group\))h(id,)i(and)d(the)h Ft(-p)f Fu(option)i(is)e -(not)i(supplied,)f(these)h(actions)1110 1358 y(are)32 -b(tak)m(en)i(and)d(the)h(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)c(id)h(is)g(set)h(to)f -(the)h(real)f(user)g(id.)45 b(If)32 b(the)1110 1468 y -Ft(-p)i Fu(option)h(is)g(supplied)f(at)h(startup,)h(the)f(e\013ectiv)m -(e)i(user)d(id)g(is)h(not)g(reset.)1110 1577 y(T)-8 b(urning)35 -b(this)i(option)g(o\013)g(causes)g(the)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)i(user)d(and)g -(group)g(ids)g(to)1110 1687 y(b)s(e)30 b(set)h(to)g(the)f(real)h(user)f -(and)g(group)g(ids.)630 1833 y Ft(-t)384 b Fu(Exit)31 -b(after)g(reading)f(and)g(executing)h(one)g(command.)630 -1979 y Ft(-u)384 b Fu(T)-8 b(reat)25 b(unset)e(v)-5 b(ariables)25 -b(and)e(parameters)h(other)h(than)e(the)h(sp)s(ecial)h(param-)1110 -2089 y(eters)35 b(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')f(or)g(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(')h(as)f(an)g -(error)g(when)f(p)s(erforming)g(parameter)i(expansion.)1110 -2198 y(An)28 b(error)h(message)g(will)g(b)s(e)f(written)h(to)h(the)e -(standard)g(error,)h(and)f(a)h(non-)1110 2308 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e)k -(shell)e(will)g(exit.)630 2454 y Ft(-v)384 b Fu(Prin)m(t)30 -b(shell)h(input)e(lines)i(as)g(they)f(are)h(read.)630 -2600 y Ft(-x)384 b Fu(Prin)m(t)21 b(a)h(trace)h(of)f(simple)f -(commands,)i Ft(for)e Fu(commands,)i Ft(case)d Fu(commands,)1110 -2710 y Ft(select)29 b Fu(commands,)j(and)e(arithmetic)j -Ft(for)d Fu(commands)h(and)f(their)i(argu-)1110 2819 -y(men)m(ts)h(or)f(asso)s(ciated)i(w)m(ord)e(lists)h(after)g(they)f(are) -h(expanded)f(and)f(b)s(efore)1110 2929 y(they)i(are)g(executed.)49 +Ft(privileged)1590 408 y Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-p)p Fu(.)1110 +569 y Ft(verbose)144 b Fu(Same)30 b(as)h Ft(-v)p Fu(.)1110 +729 y Ft(vi)384 b Fu(Use)36 b(a)g Ft(vi)p Fu(-st)m(yle)g(line)g +(editing)g(in)m(terface.)58 b(This)35 b(also)h(a\013ects)1590 +838 y(the)31 b(editing)g(in)m(terface)h(used)d(for)h +Ft(read)f(-e)p Fu(.)1110 999 y Ft(xtrace)192 b Fu(Same)30 +b(as)h Ft(-x)p Fu(.)630 1159 y Ft(-p)384 b Fu(T)-8 b(urn)33 +b(on)h(privileged)h(mo)s(de.)51 b(In)34 b(this)g(mo)s(de,)h(the)f +Ft($BASH_ENV)e Fu(and)h Ft($ENV)1110 1268 y Fu(\014les)23 +b(are)h(not)f(pro)s(cessed,)h(shell)g(functions)e(are)i(not)f +(inherited)g(from)f(the)i(en-)1110 1378 y(vironmen)m(t,)h(and)e(the)g +Ft(SHELLOPTS)p Fu(,)f Ft(BASHOPTS)p Fu(,)h Ft(CDPATH)e +Fu(and)i Ft(GLOBIGNORE)1110 1487 y Fu(v)-5 b(ariables,)23 +b(if)e(they)g(app)s(ear)f(in)g(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)i(are)e +(ignored.)38 b(If)20 b(the)h(shell)1110 1597 y(is)37 +b(started)h(with)f(the)g(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)d(\(group\))g(id)g(not)g +(equal)h(to)g(the)f(real)1110 1707 y(user)h(\(group\))h(id,)i(and)d +(the)h Ft(-p)f Fu(option)i(is)e(not)i(supplied,)f(these)h(actions)1110 +1816 y(are)32 b(tak)m(en)i(and)d(the)h(e\013ectiv)m(e)j(user)c(id)h(is) +g(set)h(to)f(the)h(real)f(user)g(id.)45 b(If)32 b(the)1110 +1926 y Ft(-p)i Fu(option)h(is)g(supplied)f(at)h(startup,)h(the)f +(e\013ectiv)m(e)i(user)d(id)g(is)h(not)g(reset.)1110 +2035 y(T)-8 b(urning)35 b(this)i(option)g(o\013)g(causes)g(the)g +(e\013ectiv)m(e)i(user)d(and)g(group)g(ids)g(to)1110 +2145 y(b)s(e)30 b(set)h(to)g(the)f(real)h(user)f(and)g(group)g(ids.)630 +2305 y Ft(-t)384 b Fu(Exit)31 b(after)g(reading)f(and)g(executing)h +(one)g(command.)630 2465 y Ft(-u)384 b Fu(T)-8 b(reat)25 +b(unset)e(v)-5 b(ariables)25 b(and)e(parameters)h(other)h(than)e(the)h +(sp)s(ecial)h(param-)1110 2575 y(eters)35 b(`)p Ft(@)p +Fu(')f(or)g(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(')h(as)f(an)g(error)g(when)f(p)s(erforming)g +(parameter)i(expansion.)1110 2685 y(An)28 b(error)h(message)g(will)g(b) +s(e)f(written)h(to)h(the)e(standard)g(error,)h(and)f(a)h(non-)1110 +2794 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e)k(shell)e(will)g(exit.)630 2954 +y Ft(-v)384 b Fu(Prin)m(t)30 b(shell)h(input)e(lines)i(as)g(they)f(are) +h(read.)630 3114 y Ft(-x)384 b Fu(Prin)m(t)21 b(a)h(trace)h(of)f +(simple)f(commands,)i Ft(for)e Fu(commands,)i Ft(case)d +Fu(commands,)1110 3224 y Ft(select)29 b Fu(commands,)j(and)e +(arithmetic)j Ft(for)d Fu(commands)h(and)f(their)i(argu-)1110 +3334 y(men)m(ts)h(or)f(asso)s(ciated)i(w)m(ord)e(lists)h(after)g(they)f +(are)h(expanded)f(and)f(b)s(efore)1110 3443 y(they)i(are)g(executed.)49 b(The)32 b(v)-5 b(alue)33 b(of)g(the)g Ft(PS4)f Fu(v)-5 -b(ariable)34 b(is)f(expanded)f(and)1110 3039 y(the)24 +b(ariable)34 b(is)f(expanded)f(and)1110 3553 y(the)24 b(resultan)m(t)h(v)-5 b(alue)24 b(is)g(prin)m(ted)g(b)s(efore)f(the)h -(command)g(and)f(its)i(expanded)1110 3148 y(argumen)m(ts.)630 -3294 y Ft(-B)384 b Fu(The)41 b(shell)g(will)g(p)s(erform)f(brace)h -(expansion)g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5.1)g([Brace)1110 3404 +(command)g(and)f(its)i(expanded)1110 3662 y(argumen)m(ts.)630 +3823 y Ft(-B)384 b Fu(The)41 b(shell)g(will)g(p)s(erform)f(brace)h +(expansion)g(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5.1)g([Brace)1110 3932 y(Expansion],)30 b(page)h(23\).)42 b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(on)g(b)m -(y)h(default.)630 3550 y Ft(-C)384 b Fu(Prev)m(en)m(t)25 +(y)h(default.)630 4092 y Ft(-C)384 b Fu(Prev)m(en)m(t)25 b(output)e(redirection)h(using)f(`)p Ft(>)p Fu(',)i(`)p Ft(>&)p Fu(',)g(and)e(`)p Ft(<>)p Fu(')g(from)h(o)m(v)m(erwriting)1110 -3660 y(existing)31 b(\014les.)630 3806 y Ft(-E)384 b +4202 y(existing)31 b(\014les.)630 4362 y Ft(-E)384 b Fu(If)39 b(set,)j(an)m(y)e(trap)f(on)g Ft(ERR)g Fu(is)g(inherited)g(b)m -(y)g(shell)h(functions,)h(command)1110 3915 y(substitutions,)35 +(y)g(shell)h(functions,)h(command)1110 4472 y(substitutions,)35 b(and)e(commands)g(executed)i(in)f(a)g(subshell)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t.) -1110 4025 y(The)d Ft(ERR)f Fu(trap)i(is)f(normally)h(not)f(inherited)g -(in)g(suc)m(h)g(cases.)630 4171 y Ft(-H)384 b Fu(Enable)38 +1110 4581 y(The)d Ft(ERR)f Fu(trap)i(is)f(normally)h(not)f(inherited)g +(in)g(suc)m(h)g(cases.)630 4741 y Ft(-H)384 b Fu(Enable)38 b(`)p Ft(!)p Fu(')h(st)m(yle)h(history)e(substitution)g(\(see)h -(Section)h(9.3)f([History)g(In-)1110 4281 y(teraction],)g(page)d +(Section)h(9.3)f([History)g(In-)1110 4851 y(teraction],)g(page)d (148\).)57 b(This)34 b(option)i(is)f(on)g(b)m(y)h(default)f(for)g(in)m -(teractiv)m(e)1110 4390 y(shells.)630 4536 y Ft(-P)384 +(teractiv)m(e)1110 4961 y(shells.)630 5121 y Ft(-P)384 b Fu(If)39 b(set,)j(do)d(not)g(resolv)m(e)i(sym)m(b)s(olic)e(links)g -(when)f(p)s(erforming)g(commands)1110 4646 y(suc)m(h)29 +(when)f(p)s(erforming)g(commands)1110 5230 y(suc)m(h)29 b(as)h Ft(cd)f Fu(whic)m(h)g(c)m(hange)h(the)g(curren)m(t)f(directory) --8 b(.)42 b(The)28 b(ph)m(ysical)j(direc-)1110 4756 y(tory)j(is)g(used) +-8 b(.)42 b(The)28 b(ph)m(ysical)j(direc-)1110 5340 y(tory)j(is)g(used) f(instead.)52 b(By)34 b(default,)h(Bash)f(follo)m(ws)h(the)f(logical)i -(c)m(hain)f(of)1110 4865 y(directories)j(when)d(p)s(erforming)h -(commands)g(whic)m(h)g(c)m(hange)i(the)f(curren)m(t)1110 -4975 y(directory)-8 b(.)1110 5103 y(F)g(or)42 b(example,)i(if)d -Ft(/usr/sys)e Fu(is)i(a)g(sym)m(b)s(olic)g(link)g(to)h -Ft(/usr/local/sys)1110 5212 y Fu(then:)1350 5340 y Ft($)47 -b(cd)h(/usr/sys;)d(echo)i($PWD)p eop end +(c)m(hain)f(of)p eop end %%Page: 66 72 TeXDict begin 66 71 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 -b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(66)1350 299 y -Ft(/usr/sys)1350 408 y($)47 b(cd)h(..;)f(pwd)1350 518 -y(/usr)1110 652 y Fu(If)30 b Ft(set)f(-P)h Fu(is)h(on,)f(then:)1350 -786 y Ft($)47 b(cd)h(/usr/sys;)d(echo)i($PWD)1350 895 -y(/usr/local/sys)1350 1005 y($)g(cd)h(..;)f(pwd)1350 -1114 y(/usr/local)630 1272 y(-T)384 b Fu(If)34 b(set,)j(an)m(y)e(trap)g -(on)g Ft(DEBUG)e Fu(and)i Ft(RETURN)e Fu(are)i(inherited)g(b)m(y)f -(shell)i(func-)1110 1382 y(tions,)k(command)d(substitutions,)h(and)f -(commands)g(executed)h(in)f(a)h(sub-)1110 1491 y(shell)33 -b(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)49 b(The)32 b Ft(DEBUG)g Fu(and)g -Ft(RETURN)f Fu(traps)h(are)i(normally)f(not)1110 1601 -y(inherited)d(in)g(suc)m(h)g(cases.)630 1759 y Ft(--)384 -b Fu(If)44 b(no)g(argumen)m(ts)g(follo)m(w)i(this)e(option,)k(then)c -(the)h(p)s(ositional)g(parame-)1110 1869 y(ters)31 b(are)g(unset.)40 -b(Otherwise,)31 b(the)f(p)s(ositional)i(parameters)f(are)f(set)h(to)h -(the)1110 1978 y Fr(argumen)m(ts)p Fu(,)f(ev)m(en)g(if)f(some)h(of)g -(them)f(b)s(egin)g(with)g(a)h(`)p Ft(-)p Fu('.)630 2136 -y Ft(-)432 b Fu(Signal)45 b(the)g(end)f(of)h(options,)k(cause)c(all)h -(remaining)e Fr(argumen)m(ts)49 b Fu(to)d(b)s(e)1110 -2246 y(assigned)33 b(to)h(the)g(p)s(ositional)g(parameters.)49 -b(The)33 b Ft(-x)g Fu(and)f Ft(-v)h Fu(options)h(are)1110 -2355 y(turned)k(o\013.)68 b(If)38 b(there)i(are)f(no)g(argumen)m(ts,)j -(the)e(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)1110 2465 y(remain)30 -b(unc)m(hanged.)630 2623 y(Using)d(`)p Ft(+)p Fu(')h(rather)f(than)g(`) +b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(66)1110 299 y(directories)38 +b(when)d(p)s(erforming)h(commands)g(whic)m(h)g(c)m(hange)i(the)f +(curren)m(t)1110 408 y(directory)-8 b(.)1110 542 y(F)g(or)42 +b(example,)i(if)d Ft(/usr/sys)e Fu(is)i(a)g(sym)m(b)s(olic)g(link)g(to) +h Ft(/usr/local/sys)1110 651 y Fu(then:)1350 784 y Ft($)47 +b(cd)h(/usr/sys;)d(echo)i($PWD)1350 894 y(/usr/sys)1350 +1003 y($)g(cd)h(..;)f(pwd)1350 1113 y(/usr)1110 1246 +y Fu(If)30 b Ft(set)f(-P)h Fu(is)h(on,)f(then:)1350 1379 +y Ft($)47 b(cd)h(/usr/sys;)d(echo)i($PWD)1350 1489 y(/usr/local/sys) +1350 1599 y($)g(cd)h(..;)f(pwd)1350 1708 y(/usr/local)630 +1865 y(-T)384 b Fu(If)34 b(set,)j(an)m(y)e(trap)g(on)g +Ft(DEBUG)e Fu(and)i Ft(RETURN)e Fu(are)i(inherited)g(b)m(y)f(shell)i +(func-)1110 1974 y(tions,)k(command)d(substitutions,)h(and)f(commands)g +(executed)h(in)f(a)h(sub-)1110 2084 y(shell)33 b(en)m(vironmen)m(t.)49 +b(The)32 b Ft(DEBUG)g Fu(and)g Ft(RETURN)f Fu(traps)h(are)i(normally)f +(not)1110 2194 y(inherited)d(in)g(suc)m(h)g(cases.)630 +2350 y Ft(--)384 b Fu(If)44 b(no)g(argumen)m(ts)g(follo)m(w)i(this)e +(option,)k(then)c(the)h(p)s(ositional)g(parame-)1110 +2460 y(ters)31 b(are)g(unset.)40 b(Otherwise,)31 b(the)f(p)s(ositional) +i(parameters)f(are)f(set)h(to)h(the)1110 2569 y Fr(argumen)m(ts)p +Fu(,)f(ev)m(en)g(if)f(some)h(of)g(them)f(b)s(egin)g(with)g(a)h(`)p +Ft(-)p Fu('.)630 2726 y Ft(-)432 b Fu(Signal)45 b(the)g(end)f(of)h +(options,)k(cause)c(all)h(remaining)e Fr(argumen)m(ts)49 +b Fu(to)d(b)s(e)1110 2836 y(assigned)33 b(to)h(the)g(p)s(ositional)g +(parameters.)49 b(The)33 b Ft(-x)g Fu(and)f Ft(-v)h Fu(options)h(are) +1110 2945 y(turned)k(o\013.)68 b(If)38 b(there)i(are)f(no)g(argumen)m +(ts,)j(the)e(p)s(ositional)g(parameters)1110 3055 y(remain)30 +b(unc)m(hanged.)630 3211 y(Using)d(`)p Ft(+)p Fu(')h(rather)f(than)g(`) p Ft(-)p Fu(')g(causes)h(these)f(options)h(to)g(b)s(e)e(turned)g -(o\013.)40 b(The)27 b(options)h(can)630 2732 y(also)36 +(o\013.)40 b(The)27 b(options)h(can)630 3321 y(also)36 b(b)s(e)f(used)f(up)s(on)g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)j(of)e(the)g(shell.)56 b(The)34 b(curren)m(t)h(set)h(of)f(options)h(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)630 -2842 y(found)29 b(in)h Ft($-)p Fu(.)630 2976 y(The)43 +3431 y(found)29 b(in)h Ft($-)p Fu(.)630 3564 y(The)43 b(remaining)h(N)f Fr(argumen)m(ts)48 b Fu(are)c(p)s(ositional)g -(parameters)g(and)f(are)h(assigned,)j(in)630 3085 y(order,)30 +(parameters)g(and)f(are)h(assigned,)j(in)630 3673 y(order,)30 b(to)h Ft($1)p Fu(,)f Ft($2)p Fu(,)36 b(.)22 b(.)g(.)42 b Ft($N)p Fu(.)e(The)30 b(sp)s(ecial)h(parameter)g Ft(#)f -Fu(is)g(set)h(to)g(N.)630 3219 y(The)f(return)f(status)i(is)f(alw)m(a)m +Fu(is)g(set)h(to)g(N.)630 3806 y(The)f(return)f(status)i(is)f(alw)m(a)m (ys)i(zero)f(unless)f(an)g(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)31 b(option)g(is)f -(supplied.)150 3417 y Fk(4.3.2)63 b(The)41 b(Shopt)h(Builtin)150 -3564 y Fu(This)30 b(builtin)g(allo)m(ws)h(y)m(ou)g(to)g(c)m(hange)h +(supplied.)150 4003 y Fk(4.3.2)63 b(The)41 b(Shopt)h(Builtin)150 +4150 y Fu(This)30 b(builtin)g(allo)m(ws)h(y)m(ou)g(to)g(c)m(hange)h (additional)f(shell)f(optional)i(b)s(eha)m(vior.)150 -3722 y Ft(shopt)870 3856 y(shopt)46 b([-pqsu])g([-o])h([)p -Fj(optname)e Ft(...])630 3989 y Fu(T)-8 b(oggle)37 b(the)e(v)-5 +4307 y Ft(shopt)870 4440 y(shopt)46 b([-pqsu])g([-o])h([)p +Fj(optname)e Ft(...])630 4573 y Fu(T)-8 b(oggle)37 b(the)e(v)-5 b(alues)35 b(of)g(settings)h(con)m(trolling)g(optional)g(shell)f(b)s -(eha)m(vior.)55 b(The)34 b(settings)630 4099 y(can)24 +(eha)m(vior.)55 b(The)34 b(settings)630 4682 y(can)24 b(b)s(e)g(either)h(those)f(listed)h(b)s(elo)m(w,)h(or,)f(if)g(the)f Ft(-o)f Fu(option)i(is)f(used,)h(those)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)26 -b(with)630 4209 y(the)k Ft(-o)f Fu(option)i(to)f(the)g +b(with)630 4792 y(the)k Ft(-o)f Fu(option)i(to)f(the)g Ft(set)f Fu(builtin)h(command)f(\(see)i(Section)g(4.3.1)g([The)f(Set)g -(Builtin],)630 4318 y(page)i(62\).)45 b(With)32 b(no)f(options,)h(or)g +(Builtin],)630 4902 y(page)i(62\).)45 b(With)32 b(no)f(options,)h(or)g (with)f(the)g Ft(-p)g Fu(option,)h(a)g(list)g(of)f(all)i(settable)g -(options)630 4428 y(is)g(displa)m(y)m(ed,)i(with)e(an)g(indication)h +(options)630 5011 y(is)g(displa)m(y)m(ed,)i(with)e(an)g(indication)h (of)g(whether)e(or)h(not)h(eac)m(h)g(is)g(set;)h(if)e -Fr(optnames)38 b Fu(are)630 4537 y(supplied,)25 b(the)g(output)g(is)g +Fr(optnames)38 b Fu(are)630 5121 y(supplied,)25 b(the)g(output)g(is)g (restricted)g(to)h(those)g(options.)39 b(The)24 b Ft(-p)h -Fu(option)g(causes)g(output)630 4647 y(to)30 b(b)s(e)f(displa)m(y)m(ed) +Fu(option)g(causes)g(output)630 5230 y(to)30 b(b)s(e)f(displa)m(y)m(ed) g(in)g(a)h(form)f(that)g(ma)m(y)h(b)s(e)f(reused)f(as)i(input.)39 -b(Other)29 b(options)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)630 4757 y(follo)m(wing)h -(meanings:)630 4914 y Ft(-s)384 b Fu(Enable)30 b(\(set\))i(eac)m(h)f -Fr(optname)p Fu(.)630 5072 y Ft(-u)384 b Fu(Disable)31 -b(\(unset\))g(eac)m(h)h Fr(optname)p Fu(.)630 5230 y -Ft(-q)384 b Fu(Suppresses)28 b(normal)h(output;)h(the)g(return)e -(status)i(indicates)h(whether)e(the)1110 5340 y Fr(optname)37 -b Fu(is)31 b(set)h(or)f(unset.)43 b(If)31 b(m)m(ultiple)h -Fr(optname)37 b Fu(argumen)m(ts)31 b(are)h(giv)m(en)p -eop end +b(Other)29 b(options)g(ha)m(v)m(e)i(the)630 5340 y(follo)m(wing)h +(meanings:)p eop end %%Page: 67 73 TeXDict begin 67 72 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 -b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(67)1110 299 y(with)29 -b Ft(-q)p Fu(,)g(the)g(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)h(if)f(all)h -Fr(optnames)j Fu(are)d(enabled;)f(non-)1110 408 y(zero)i(otherwise.)630 -570 y Ft(-o)384 b Fu(Restricts)22 b(the)f(v)-5 b(alues)22 -b(of)f Fr(optname)27 b Fu(to)22 b(b)s(e)e(those)i(de\014ned)e(for)h -(the)g Ft(-o)f Fu(option)1110 680 y(to)31 b(the)g Ft(set)e +b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(67)630 299 y Ft(-s)384 +b Fu(Enable)30 b(\(set\))i(eac)m(h)f Fr(optname)p Fu(.)630 +456 y Ft(-u)384 b Fu(Disable)31 b(\(unset\))g(eac)m(h)h +Fr(optname)p Fu(.)630 613 y Ft(-q)384 b Fu(Suppresses)28 +b(normal)h(output;)h(the)g(return)e(status)i(indicates)h(whether)e(the) +1110 723 y Fr(optname)37 b Fu(is)31 b(set)h(or)f(unset.)43 +b(If)31 b(m)m(ultiple)h Fr(optname)37 b Fu(argumen)m(ts)31 +b(are)h(giv)m(en)1110 833 y(with)d Ft(-q)p Fu(,)g(the)g(return)f +(status)h(is)g(zero)h(if)f(all)h Fr(optnames)j Fu(are)d(enabled;)f +(non-)1110 942 y(zero)i(otherwise.)630 1099 y Ft(-o)384 +b Fu(Restricts)22 b(the)f(v)-5 b(alues)22 b(of)f Fr(optname)27 +b Fu(to)22 b(b)s(e)e(those)i(de\014ned)e(for)h(the)g +Ft(-o)f Fu(option)1110 1209 y(to)31 b(the)g Ft(set)e Fu(builtin)h(\(see)h(Section)h(4.3.1)g([The)e(Set)g(Builtin],)i(page)f -(62\).)630 842 y(If)e(either)i Ft(-s)e Fu(or)h Ft(-u)f +(62\).)630 1366 y(If)e(either)i Ft(-s)e Fu(or)h Ft(-u)f Fu(is)h(used)f(with)g(no)h Fr(optname)35 b Fu(argumen)m(ts,)c -Ft(shopt)d Fu(sho)m(ws)h(only)h(those)630 951 y(options)h(whic)m(h)f +Ft(shopt)d Fu(sho)m(ws)h(only)h(those)630 1476 y(options)h(whic)m(h)f (are)h(set)f(or)h(unset,)f(resp)s(ectiv)m(ely)-8 b(.)630 -1087 y(Unless)30 b(otherwise)h(noted,)g(the)g Ft(shopt)d +1609 y(Unless)30 b(otherwise)h(noted,)g(the)g Ft(shopt)d Fu(options)j(are)g(disabled)f(\(o\013)7 b(\))32 b(b)m(y)e(default.)630 -1223 y(The)d(return)f(status)i(when)f(listing)h(options)g(is)f(zero)i +1743 y(The)d(return)f(status)i(when)f(listing)h(options)g(is)f(zero)i (if)e(all)i Fr(optnames)i Fu(are)d(enabled,)g(non-)630 -1332 y(zero)40 b(otherwise.)66 b(When)39 b(setting)h(or)f(unsetting)g -(options,)i(the)e(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)630 1442 +1852 y(zero)40 b(otherwise.)66 b(When)39 b(setting)h(or)f(unsetting)g +(options,)i(the)e(return)f(status)h(is)g(zero)630 1962 y(unless)30 b(an)g Fr(optname)36 b Fu(is)30 b(not)h(a)g(v)-5 -b(alid)30 b(shell)h(option.)630 1577 y(The)f(list)h(of)f -Ft(shopt)f Fu(options)i(is:)630 1739 y Ft(assoc_expand_once)1110 -1849 y Fu(If)h(set,)i(the)e(shell)h(suppresses)e(m)m(ultiple)i(ev)-5 +b(alid)30 b(shell)h(option.)630 2095 y(The)f(list)h(of)f +Ft(shopt)f Fu(options)i(is:)630 2252 y Ft(assoc_expand_once)1110 +2362 y Fu(If)h(set,)i(the)e(shell)h(suppresses)e(m)m(ultiple)i(ev)-5 b(aluation)34 b(of)e(asso)s(ciativ)m(e)j(arra)m(y)1110 -1958 y(subscripts)24 b(during)h(arithmetic)h(expression)g(ev)-5 -b(aluation,)28 b(while)e(executing)1110 2068 y(builtins)c(that)i(can)f +2472 y(subscripts)24 b(during)h(arithmetic)h(expression)g(ev)-5 +b(aluation,)28 b(while)e(executing)1110 2581 y(builtins)c(that)i(can)f (p)s(erform)f(v)-5 b(ariable)24 b(assignmen)m(ts,)h(and)e(while)g -(executing)1110 2178 y(builtins)30 b(that)h(p)s(erform)e(arra)m(y)i -(dereferencing.)630 2339 y Ft(autocd)192 b Fu(If)27 b(set,)h(a)g +(executing)1110 2691 y(builtins)30 b(that)h(p)s(erform)e(arra)m(y)i +(dereferencing.)630 2848 y Ft(autocd)192 b Fu(If)27 b(set,)h(a)g (command)f(name)g(that)h(is)f(the)g(name)g(of)h(a)f(directory)h(is)f -(executed)1110 2449 y(as)j(if)f(it)h(w)m(ere)f(the)h(argumen)m(t)g(to)g +(executed)1110 2958 y(as)j(if)f(it)h(w)m(ere)f(the)h(argumen)m(t)g(to)g (the)f Ft(cd)g Fu(command.)40 b(This)29 b(option)g(is)h(only)1110 -2559 y(used)g(b)m(y)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)630 -2720 y Ft(cdable_vars)1110 2830 y Fu(If)h(this)h(is)g(set,)i(an)e +3067 y(used)g(b)m(y)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shells.)630 +3224 y Ft(cdable_vars)1110 3334 y Fu(If)h(this)h(is)g(set,)i(an)e (argumen)m(t)g(to)h(the)f Ft(cd)f Fu(builtin)h(command)f(that)i(is)f -(not)1110 2939 y(a)c(directory)g(is)g(assumed)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(the)h +(not)1110 3444 y(a)c(directory)g(is)g(assumed)f(to)h(b)s(e)f(the)h (name)f(of)h(a)g(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(whose)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 -b(is)1110 3049 y(the)g(directory)f(to)i(c)m(hange)f(to.)630 -3211 y Ft(cdspell)144 b Fu(If)27 b(set,)h(minor)f(errors)f(in)h(the)g +b(is)1110 3553 y(the)g(directory)f(to)i(c)m(hange)f(to.)630 +3710 y Ft(cdspell)144 b Fu(If)27 b(set,)h(minor)f(errors)f(in)h(the)g (sp)s(elling)h(of)f(a)g(directory)h(comp)s(onen)m(t)f(in)g(a)h -Ft(cd)1110 3320 y Fu(command)i(will)h(b)s(e)f(corrected.)43 +Ft(cd)1110 3820 y Fu(command)i(will)h(b)s(e)f(corrected.)43 b(The)30 b(errors)g(c)m(hec)m(k)m(ed)j(for)d(are)h(transp)s(osed)1110 -3430 y(c)m(haracters,)46 b(a)c(missing)f(c)m(haracter,)47 +3930 y(c)m(haracters,)46 b(a)c(missing)f(c)m(haracter,)47 b(and)40 b(a)i(c)m(haracter)h(to)s(o)g(man)m(y)-8 b(.)74 -b(If)42 b(a)1110 3540 y(correction)25 b(is)e(found,)g(the)h(corrected)g -(path)f(is)g(prin)m(ted,)h(and)f(the)g(command)1110 3649 +b(If)42 b(a)1110 4039 y(correction)25 b(is)e(found,)g(the)h(corrected)g +(path)f(is)g(prin)m(ted,)h(and)f(the)g(command)1110 4149 y(pro)s(ceeds.)40 b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(only)h(used)e(b)m(y)h(in)m -(teractiv)m(e)k(shells.)630 3811 y Ft(checkhash)1110 -3921 y Fu(If)29 b(this)h(is)g(set,)g(Bash)g(c)m(hec)m(ks)h(that)g(a)f -(command)f(found)g(in)g(the)h(hash)f(table)1110 4030 +(teractiv)m(e)k(shells.)630 4306 y Ft(checkhash)1110 +4416 y Fu(If)29 b(this)h(is)g(set,)g(Bash)g(c)m(hec)m(ks)h(that)g(a)f +(command)f(found)g(in)g(the)h(hash)f(table)1110 4525 y(exists)k(b)s(efore)f(trying)h(to)h(execute)g(it.)48 -b(If)32 b(a)h(hashed)e(command)i(no)f(longer)1110 4140 +b(If)32 b(a)h(hashed)e(command)i(no)f(longer)1110 4635 y(exists,)f(a)g(normal)f(path)g(searc)m(h)h(is)g(p)s(erformed.)630 -4301 y Ft(checkjobs)1110 4411 y Fu(If)d(set,)i(Bash)e(lists)h(the)g +4792 y Ft(checkjobs)1110 4902 y Fu(If)d(set,)i(Bash)e(lists)h(the)g (status)g(of)f(an)m(y)h(stopp)s(ed)f(and)g(running)e(jobs)i(b)s(efore) -1110 4521 y(exiting)42 b(an)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell.)72 +1110 5011 y(exiting)42 b(an)f(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell.)72 b(If)41 b(an)m(y)g(jobs)f(are)i(running,)g(this)f(causes)1110 -4630 y(the)30 b(exit)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(deferred)g(un)m(til)h(a)f(second)h -(exit)g(is)g(attempted)h(without)e(an)1110 4740 y(in)m(terv)m(ening)d +5121 y(the)30 b(exit)g(to)g(b)s(e)f(deferred)g(un)m(til)h(a)f(second)h +(exit)g(is)g(attempted)h(without)e(an)1110 5230 y(in)m(terv)m(ening)d (command)f(\(see)h(Chapter)e(7)h([Job)g(Con)m(trol],)i(page)f(107\).)40 -b(The)1110 4849 y(shell)31 b(alw)m(a)m(ys)g(p)s(ostp)s(ones)f(exiting)h -(if)g(an)m(y)f(jobs)g(are)h(stopp)s(ed.)630 5011 y Ft(checkwinsize)1110 -5121 y Fu(If)23 b(set,)j(Bash)e(c)m(hec)m(ks)h(the)f(windo)m(w)f(size)h -(after)h(eac)m(h)f(external)h(\(non-builtin\))1110 5230 -y(command)55 b(and,)60 b(if)55 b(necessary)-8 b(,)62 -b(up)s(dates)54 b(the)h(v)-5 b(alues)55 b(of)g Ft(LINES)f -Fu(and)1110 5340 y Ft(COLUMNS)p Fu(.)39 b(This)29 b(option)i(is)g -(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)p eop end +b(The)1110 5340 y(shell)31 b(alw)m(a)m(ys)g(p)s(ostp)s(ones)f(exiting)h +(if)g(an)m(y)f(jobs)g(are)h(stopp)s(ed.)p eop end %%Page: 68 74 TeXDict begin 68 73 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 -b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(68)630 299 y Ft(cmdhist)144 +b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(68)630 299 y Ft(checkwinsize) +1110 408 y Fu(If)23 b(set,)j(Bash)e(c)m(hec)m(ks)h(the)f(windo)m(w)f +(size)h(after)h(eac)m(h)f(external)h(\(non-builtin\))1110 +518 y(command)55 b(and,)60 b(if)55 b(necessary)-8 b(,)62 +b(up)s(dates)54 b(the)h(v)-5 b(alues)55 b(of)g Ft(LINES)f +Fu(and)1110 628 y Ft(COLUMNS)p Fu(.)39 b(This)29 b(option)i(is)g +(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630 800 y Ft(cmdhist)144 b Fu(If)33 b(set,)j(Bash)e(attempts)h(to)g(sa)m(v)m(e)g(all)g(lines)f -(of)g(a)h(m)m(ultiple-line)g(command)1110 408 y(in)c(the)g(same)g +(of)g(a)h(m)m(ultiple-line)g(command)1110 909 y(in)c(the)g(same)g (history)g(en)m(try)-8 b(.)42 b(This)30 b(allo)m(ws)i(easy)g -(re-editing)g(of)f(m)m(ulti-line)1110 518 y(commands.)79 +(re-editing)g(of)f(m)m(ulti-line)1110 1019 y(commands.)79 b(This)43 b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default,)k(but)c(only)g -(has)g(an)1110 628 y(e\013ect)30 b(if)e(command)g(history)g(is)h +(has)g(an)1110 1129 y(e\013ect)30 b(if)e(command)g(history)g(is)h (enabled)f(\(see)h(Section)g(9.1)h([Bash)e(History)1110 -737 y(F)-8 b(acilities],)34 b(page)d(146\).)630 909 y -Ft(compat31)630 1019 y(compat32)630 1129 y(compat40)630 -1238 y(compat41)630 1348 y(compat42)630 1457 y(compat43)630 -1567 y(compat44)96 b Fu(These)39 b(con)m(trol)i(asp)s(ects)f(of)f(the)h +1238 y(F)-8 b(acilities],)34 b(page)d(146\).)630 1410 +y Ft(compat31)630 1520 y(compat32)630 1630 y(compat40)630 +1739 y(compat41)630 1849 y(compat42)630 1958 y(compat43)630 +2068 y(compat44)96 b Fu(These)39 b(con)m(trol)i(asp)s(ects)f(of)f(the)h (shell's)g(compatibilit)m(y)h(mo)s(de)e(\(see)h(Sec-)1110 -1677 y(tion)31 b(6.12)h([Shell)e(Compatibilit)m(y)i(Mo)s(de],)f(page)g -(104\).)630 1849 y Ft(complete_fullquote)1110 1958 y +2178 y(tion)31 b(6.12)h([Shell)e(Compatibilit)m(y)i(Mo)s(de],)f(page)g +(104\).)630 2350 y Ft(complete_fullquote)1110 2459 y Fu(If)g(set,)g(Bash)h(quotes)f(all)h(shell)f(metac)m(haracters)i(in)e -(\014lenames)g(and)g(direc-)1110 2068 y(tory)g(names)f(when)g(p)s +(\014lenames)g(and)g(direc-)1110 2569 y(tory)g(names)f(when)g(p)s (erforming)f(completion.)43 b(If)30 b(not)h(set,)g(Bash)g(remo)m(v)m -(es)1110 2178 y(metac)m(haracters)40 b(suc)m(h)d(as)h(the)g(dollar)g -(sign)g(from)f(the)h(set)g(of)f(c)m(haracters)1110 2287 +(es)1110 2679 y(metac)m(haracters)40 b(suc)m(h)d(as)h(the)g(dollar)g +(sign)g(from)f(the)h(set)g(of)f(c)m(haracters)1110 2788 y(that)f(will)g(b)s(e)f(quoted)g(in)g(completed)i(\014lenames)e(when)f -(these)i(metac)m(har-)1110 2397 y(acters)29 b(app)s(ear)e(in)g(shell)h +(these)i(metac)m(har-)1110 2898 y(acters)29 b(app)s(ear)e(in)g(shell)h (v)-5 b(ariable)28 b(references)g(in)f(w)m(ords)g(to)i(b)s(e)e -(completed.)1110 2506 y(This)k(means)i(that)g(dollar)f(signs)g(in)g(v) +(completed.)1110 3007 y(This)k(means)i(that)g(dollar)f(signs)g(in)g(v) -5 b(ariable)33 b(names)g(that)f(expand)g(to)h(di-)1110 -2616 y(rectories)28 b(will)g(not)f(b)s(e)f(quoted;)j(ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,) -g(an)m(y)e(dollar)h(signs)f(app)s(earing)f(in)1110 2725 +3117 y(rectories)28 b(will)g(not)f(b)s(e)f(quoted;)j(ho)m(w)m(ev)m(er,) +g(an)m(y)e(dollar)h(signs)f(app)s(earing)f(in)1110 3226 y(\014lenames)j(will)h(not)f(b)s(e)g(quoted,)h(either.)41 b(This)28 b(is)i(activ)m(e)h(only)e(when)g(bash)1110 -2835 y(is)39 b(using)f(bac)m(kslashes)i(to)g(quote)g(completed)f -(\014lenames.)67 b(This)38 b(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 2945 +3336 y(is)39 b(using)f(bac)m(kslashes)i(to)g(quote)g(completed)f +(\014lenames.)67 b(This)38 b(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 3446 y(is)41 b(set)g(b)m(y)g(default,)j(whic)m(h)c(is)h(the)g(default)g -(Bash)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(in)g(v)m(ersions)1110 3054 y(through)30 -b(4.2.)630 3226 y Ft(direxpand)1110 3336 y Fu(If)k(set,)i(Bash)f +(Bash)g(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(in)g(v)m(ersions)1110 3555 y(through)30 +b(4.2.)630 3727 y Ft(direxpand)1110 3837 y Fu(If)k(set,)i(Bash)f (replaces)g(directory)g(names)g(with)f(the)g(results)h(of)f(w)m(ord)g -(ex-)1110 3446 y(pansion)k(when)g(p)s(erforming)f(\014lename)i -(completion.)67 b(This)38 b(c)m(hanges)i(the)1110 3555 +(ex-)1110 3947 y(pansion)k(when)g(p)s(erforming)f(\014lename)i +(completion.)67 b(This)38 b(c)m(hanges)i(the)1110 4056 y(con)m(ten)m(ts)29 b(of)e(the)g(readline)h(editing)g(bu\013er.)38 -b(If)27 b(not)g(set,)i(Bash)e(attempts)h(to)1110 3665 +b(If)27 b(not)g(set,)i(Bash)e(attempts)h(to)1110 4166 y(preserv)m(e)j(what)f(the)g(user)g(t)m(yp)s(ed.)630 -3837 y Ft(dirspell)96 b Fu(If)26 b(set,)i(Bash)f(attempts)g(sp)s +4338 y Ft(dirspell)96 b Fu(If)26 b(set,)i(Bash)f(attempts)g(sp)s (elling)g(correction)g(on)g(directory)g(names)f(during)1110 -3947 y(w)m(ord)36 b(completion)h(if)f(the)g(directory)g(name)g -(initially)h(supplied)e(do)s(es)h(not)1110 4056 y(exist.)630 -4228 y Ft(dotglob)144 b Fu(If)36 b(set,)i(Bash)e(includes)g +4448 y(w)m(ord)36 b(completion)h(if)f(the)g(directory)g(name)g +(initially)h(supplied)e(do)s(es)h(not)1110 4557 y(exist.)630 +4729 y Ft(dotglob)144 b Fu(If)36 b(set,)i(Bash)e(includes)g (\014lenames)g(b)s(eginning)f(with)h(a)g(`.')58 b(in)36 -b(the)g(results)1110 4338 y(of)f(\014lename)f(expansion.)53 +b(the)g(results)1110 4839 y(of)f(\014lename)f(expansion.)53 b(The)33 b(\014lenames)i(`)p Ft(.)p Fu(')f(and)g(`)p -Ft(..)p Fu(')g(m)m(ust)h(alw)m(a)m(ys)h(b)s(e)1110 4448 +Ft(..)p Fu(')g(m)m(ust)h(alw)m(a)m(ys)h(b)s(e)1110 4949 y(matc)m(hed)31 b(explicitly)-8 b(,)33 b(ev)m(en)e(if)f -Ft(dotglob)f Fu(is)h(set.)630 4620 y Ft(execfail)96 b +Ft(dotglob)f Fu(is)h(set.)630 5121 y Ft(execfail)96 b Fu(If)24 b(this)h(is)f(set,)j(a)e(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)e(will) -f(not)h(exit)h(if)e(it)h(cannot)h(execute)1110 4729 y(the)i(\014le)g +f(not)h(exit)h(if)e(it)h(cannot)h(execute)1110 5230 y(the)i(\014le)g (sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)g(an)g(argumen)m(t)g(to)h(the)f -Ft(exec)f Fu(builtin)h(command.)39 b(An)1110 4839 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e) -33 b(shell)e(do)s(es)f(not)g(exit)i(if)e Ft(exec)f Fu(fails.)630 -5011 y Ft(expand_aliases)1110 5121 y Fu(If)j(set,)h(aliases)g(are)g -(expanded)e(as)h(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m(w)h(under)f(Aliases,)i(Sec-) -1110 5230 y(tion)38 b(6.6)h([Aliases],)j(page)d(94.)64 -b(This)37 b(option)h(is)g(enabled)g(b)m(y)g(default)g(for)1110 -5340 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e)33 b(shells.)p eop end +Ft(exec)f Fu(builtin)h(command.)39 b(An)1110 5340 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e) +33 b(shell)e(do)s(es)f(not)g(exit)i(if)e Ft(exec)f Fu(fails.)p +eop end %%Page: 69 75 TeXDict begin 69 74 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 -b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(69)630 299 y Ft(extdebug)96 +b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(69)630 299 y Ft(expand_aliases) +1110 408 y Fu(If)32 b(set,)h(aliases)g(are)g(expanded)e(as)h(describ)s +(ed)f(b)s(elo)m(w)h(under)f(Aliases,)i(Sec-)1110 518 +y(tion)38 b(6.6)h([Aliases],)j(page)d(94.)64 b(This)37 +b(option)h(is)g(enabled)g(b)m(y)g(default)g(for)1110 +628 y(in)m(teractiv)m(e)33 b(shells.)630 786 y Ft(extdebug)96 b Fu(If)35 b(set)i(at)f(shell)g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)k(or)c(in)f(a)h (shell)h(startup)e(\014le,)i(arrange)g(to)f(ex-)1110 -408 y(ecute)h(the)f(debugger)g(pro\014le)g(b)s(efore)g(the)g(shell)h -(starts,)h(iden)m(tical)g(to)f(the)1110 518 y Ft(--debugger)32 +896 y(ecute)h(the)f(debugger)g(pro\014le)g(b)s(efore)g(the)g(shell)h +(starts,)h(iden)m(tical)g(to)f(the)1110 1005 y Ft(--debugger)32 b Fu(option.)56 b(If)35 b(set)h(after)g(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation,)j(b)s(eha) -m(vior)c(in)m(tended)g(for)1110 628 y(use)30 b(b)m(y)g(debuggers)g(is)h -(enabled:)1159 756 y(1.)61 b(The)37 b Ft(-F)g Fu(option)h(to)g(the)g +m(vior)c(in)m(tended)g(for)1110 1115 y(use)30 b(b)m(y)g(debuggers)g(is) +h(enabled:)1159 1249 y(1.)61 b(The)37 b Ft(-F)g Fu(option)h(to)g(the)g Ft(declare)d Fu(builtin)i(\(see)i(Section)f(4.2)h([Bash)1290 -865 y(Builtins],)29 b(page)g(51\))g(displa)m(ys)f(the)g(source)h -(\014le)f(name)g(and)f(line)h(n)m(um-)1290 975 y(b)s(er)h(corresp)s +1358 y(Builtins],)29 b(page)g(51\))g(displa)m(ys)f(the)g(source)h +(\014le)f(name)g(and)f(line)h(n)m(um-)1290 1468 y(b)s(er)h(corresp)s (onding)g(to)i(eac)m(h)g(function)f(name)g(supplied)f(as)i(an)f(argu-) -1290 1084 y(men)m(t.)1159 1212 y(2.)61 b(If)20 b(the)h(command)g(run)e +1290 1577 y(men)m(t.)1159 1711 y(2.)61 b(If)20 b(the)h(command)g(run)e (b)m(y)i(the)f Ft(DEBUG)g Fu(trap)g(returns)g(a)h(non-zero)g(v)-5 -b(alue,)1290 1322 y(the)31 b(next)f(command)g(is)h(skipp)s(ed)e(and)g -(not)i(executed.)1159 1450 y(3.)61 b(If)37 b(the)g(command)g(run)f(b)m +b(alue,)1290 1821 y(the)31 b(next)f(command)g(is)h(skipp)s(ed)e(and)g +(not)i(executed.)1159 1955 y(3.)61 b(If)37 b(the)g(command)g(run)f(b)m (y)i(the)f Ft(DEBUG)f Fu(trap)h(returns)f(a)i(v)-5 b(alue)38 -b(of)f(2,)1290 1559 y(and)c(the)g(shell)h(is)f(executing)i(in)e(a)h -(subroutine)e(\(a)i(shell)g(function)f(or)1290 1669 y(a)h(shell)g +b(of)f(2,)1290 2064 y(and)c(the)g(shell)h(is)f(executing)i(in)e(a)h +(subroutine)e(\(a)i(shell)g(function)f(or)1290 2174 y(a)h(shell)g (script)f(executed)h(b)m(y)g(the)f Ft(.)h Fu(or)f Ft(source)f -Fu(builtins\),)i(the)g(shell)1290 1778 y(sim)m(ulates)d(a)g(call)h(to)f -Ft(return)p Fu(.)1159 1906 y(4.)61 b Ft(BASH_ARGC)34 +Fu(builtins\),)i(the)g(shell)1290 2284 y(sim)m(ulates)d(a)g(call)h(to)f +Ft(return)p Fu(.)1159 2418 y(4.)61 b Ft(BASH_ARGC)34 b Fu(and)i Ft(BASH_ARGV)e Fu(are)j(up)s(dated)e(as)h(describ)s(ed)g(in) -g(their)1290 2016 y(descriptions)30 b(\(see)i(Section)f(5.2)g([Bash)g -(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(73\).)1159 2144 y(5.)61 +g(their)1290 2527 y(descriptions)30 b(\(see)i(Section)f(5.2)g([Bash)g +(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(73\).)1159 2661 y(5.)61 b(F)-8 b(unction)57 b(tracing)g(is)g(enabled:)93 b(command)56 -b(substitution,)63 b(shell)1290 2253 y(functions,)32 +b(substitution,)63 b(shell)1290 2771 y(functions,)32 b(and)e(subshells)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(with)e Ft(\()f -Fj(command)e Ft(\))j Fu(inherit)h(the)1290 2363 y Ft(DEBUG)d -Fu(and)h Ft(RETURN)e Fu(traps.)1159 2491 y(6.)61 b(Error)41 +Fj(command)e Ft(\))j Fu(inherit)h(the)1290 2880 y Ft(DEBUG)d +Fu(and)h Ft(RETURN)e Fu(traps.)1159 3014 y(6.)61 b(Error)41 b(tracing)i(is)f(enabled:)63 b(command)42 b(substitution,)i(shell)f -(func-)1290 2600 y(tions,)32 b(and)e(subshells)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i +(func-)1290 3124 y(tions,)32 b(and)e(subshells)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i (with)e Ft(\()g Fj(command)f Ft(\))h Fu(inherit)h(the)g -Ft(ERR)1290 2710 y Fu(trap.)630 2856 y Ft(extglob)144 +Ft(ERR)1290 3233 y Fu(trap.)630 3392 y Ft(extglob)144 b Fu(If)26 b(set,)i(the)f(extended)f(pattern)h(matc)m(hing)g(features)g -(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)1110 2966 y(Section)j(3.5.8.1)i +(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)1110 3501 y(Section)j(3.5.8.1)i ([P)m(attern)f(Matc)m(hing],)g(page)f(33\))h(are)f(enabled.)630 -3112 y Ft(extquote)96 b Fu(If)51 b(set,)58 b Ft($')p +3660 y Ft(extquote)96 b Fu(If)51 b(set,)58 b Ft($')p Fj(string)p Ft(')49 b Fu(and)i Ft($")p Fj(string)p Ft(")e -Fu(quoting)k(is)e(p)s(erformed)f(within)1110 3221 y Ft(${)p +Fu(quoting)k(is)e(p)s(erformed)f(within)1110 3769 y Ft(${)p Fj(parameter)p Ft(})31 b Fu(expansions)k(enclosed)g(in)g(double)f -(quotes.)55 b(This)33 b(option)1110 3331 y(is)d(enabled)h(b)m(y)f -(default.)630 3477 y Ft(failglob)96 b Fu(If)36 b(set,)j(patterns)d +(quotes.)55 b(This)33 b(option)1110 3879 y(is)d(enabled)h(b)m(y)f +(default.)630 4037 y Ft(failglob)96 b Fu(If)36 b(set,)j(patterns)d (whic)m(h)g(fail)h(to)h(matc)m(h)f(\014lenames)f(during)g(\014lename)g -(ex-)1110 3587 y(pansion)30 b(result)g(in)g(an)g(expansion)h(error.)630 -3733 y Ft(force_fignore)1110 3842 y Fu(If)43 b(set,)k(the)d(su\016xes)f +(ex-)1110 4147 y(pansion)30 b(result)g(in)g(an)g(expansion)h(error.)630 +4305 y Ft(force_fignore)1110 4415 y Fu(If)43 b(set,)k(the)d(su\016xes)f (sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)i(the)f Ft(FIGNORE)f Fu(shell)h(v)-5 -b(ariable)44 b(cause)1110 3952 y(w)m(ords)31 b(to)h(b)s(e)f(ignored)h +b(ariable)44 b(cause)1110 4524 y(w)m(ords)31 b(to)h(b)s(e)f(ignored)h (when)f(p)s(erforming)f(w)m(ord)h(completion)i(ev)m(en)f(if)g(the)1110 -4061 y(ignored)37 b(w)m(ords)g(are)g(the)h(only)f(p)s(ossible)g -(completions.)62 b(See)37 b(Section)h(5.2)1110 4171 y([Bash)24 +4634 y(ignored)37 b(w)m(ords)g(are)g(the)h(only)f(p)s(ossible)g +(completions.)62 b(See)37 b(Section)h(5.2)1110 4743 y([Bash)24 b(V)-8 b(ariables],)27 b(page)e(73,)h(for)d(a)h(description)g(of)g -Ft(FIGNORE)p Fu(.)37 b(This)22 b(option)1110 4281 y(is)30 -b(enabled)h(b)m(y)f(default.)630 4427 y Ft(globasciiranges)1110 -4536 y Fu(If)j(set,)h(range)f(expressions)g(used)f(in)h(pattern)g(matc) -m(hing)h(brac)m(k)m(et)h(expres-)1110 4646 y(sions)28 +Ft(FIGNORE)p Fu(.)37 b(This)22 b(option)1110 4853 y(is)30 +b(enabled)h(b)m(y)f(default.)630 5011 y Ft(globasciiranges)1110 +5121 y Fu(If)j(set,)h(range)f(expressions)g(used)f(in)h(pattern)g(matc) +m(hing)h(brac)m(k)m(et)h(expres-)1110 5230 y(sions)28 b(\(see)h(Section)h(3.5.8.1)g([P)m(attern)g(Matc)m(hing],)h(page)e -(33\))g(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)g(as)g(if)1110 4756 y(in)i(the)g(traditional)i +(33\))g(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)g(as)g(if)1110 5340 y(in)i(the)g(traditional)i (C)d(lo)s(cale)j(when)d(p)s(erforming)g(comparisons.)44 -b(That)31 b(is,)1110 4865 y(the)d(curren)m(t)g(lo)s(cale's)i(collating) -h(sequence)d(is)h(not)f(tak)m(en)h(in)m(to)g(accoun)m(t,)i(so)1110 -4975 y(`)p Ft(b)p Fu(')j(will)g(not)g(collate)i(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)e(`)p -Ft(A)p Fu(')g(and)f(`)p Ft(B)p Fu(',)h(and)f(upp)s(er-case)g(and)g(lo)m -(w)m(er-)1110 5084 y(case)e(ASCI)s(I)e(c)m(haracters)j(will)f(collate)i -(together.)630 5230 y Ft(globstar)96 b Fu(If)38 b(set,)j(the)e(pattern) -f(`)p Ft(**)p Fu(')h(used)e(in)i(a)f(\014lename)h(expansion)f(con)m -(text)j(will)1110 5340 y(matc)m(h)36 b(all)g(\014les)f(and)f(zero)i(or) -f(more)g(directories)h(and)e(sub)s(directories.)54 b(If)p -eop end +b(That)31 b(is,)p eop end %%Page: 70 76 TeXDict begin 70 75 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 -b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(70)1110 299 y(the)30 -b(pattern)g(is)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m(y)d(a)i(`)p Ft(/)p -Fu(',)f(only)g(directories)h(and)f(sub)s(directories)1110 -408 y(matc)m(h.)630 558 y Ft(gnu_errfmt)1110 667 y Fu(If)35 -b(set,)j(shell)e(error)g(messages)g(are)h(written)e(in)h(the)g -(standard)f Fm(gnu)g Fu(error)1110 777 y(message)c(format.)630 -927 y Ft(histappend)1110 1036 y Fu(If)c(set,)j(the)e(history)g(list)g +b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(70)1110 299 y(the)28 +b(curren)m(t)g(lo)s(cale's)i(collating)h(sequence)d(is)h(not)f(tak)m +(en)h(in)m(to)g(accoun)m(t,)i(so)1110 408 y(`)p Ft(b)p +Fu(')j(will)g(not)g(collate)i(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)e(`)p +Ft(A)p Fu(')g(and)f(`)p Ft(B)p Fu(',)h(and)f(upp)s(er-case)g(and)g(lo)m +(w)m(er-)1110 518 y(case)e(ASCI)s(I)e(c)m(haracters)j(will)f(collate)i +(together.)630 693 y Ft(globstar)96 b Fu(If)38 b(set,)j(the)e(pattern)f +(`)p Ft(**)p Fu(')h(used)e(in)i(a)f(\014lename)h(expansion)f(con)m +(text)j(will)1110 803 y(matc)m(h)36 b(all)g(\014les)f(and)f(zero)i(or)f +(more)g(directories)h(and)e(sub)s(directories.)54 b(If)1110 +913 y(the)30 b(pattern)g(is)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m(y)d(a)i(`)p +Ft(/)p Fu(',)f(only)g(directories)h(and)f(sub)s(directories)1110 +1022 y(matc)m(h.)630 1198 y Ft(gnu_errfmt)1110 1307 y +Fu(If)35 b(set,)j(shell)e(error)g(messages)g(are)h(written)e(in)h(the)g +(standard)f Fm(gnu)g Fu(error)1110 1417 y(message)c(format.)630 +1592 y Ft(histappend)1110 1702 y Fu(If)c(set,)j(the)e(history)g(list)g (is)g(app)s(ended)e(to)j(the)f(\014le)g(named)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(v)-5 -b(alue)29 b(of)1110 1146 y(the)d Ft(HISTFILE)d Fu(v)-5 +b(alue)29 b(of)1110 1811 y(the)d Ft(HISTFILE)d Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)26 b(when)e(the)h(shell)h(exits,)h(rather)e(than)h(o)m(v)m -(erwriting)1110 1255 y(the)31 b(\014le.)630 1405 y Ft(histreedit)1110 -1514 y Fu(If)i(set,)h(and)f(Readline)h(is)f(b)s(eing)g(used,)g(a)g +(erwriting)1110 1921 y(the)31 b(\014le.)630 2096 y Ft(histreedit)1110 +2206 y Fu(If)i(set,)h(and)f(Readline)h(is)f(b)s(eing)g(used,)g(a)g (user)g(is)g(giv)m(en)h(the)g(opp)s(ortunit)m(y)1110 -1624 y(to)d(re-edit)g(a)g(failed)g(history)f(substitution.)630 -1773 y Ft(histverify)1110 1883 y Fu(If)35 b(set,)i(and)e(Readline)h(is) +2315 y(to)d(re-edit)g(a)g(failed)g(history)f(substitution.)630 +2491 y Ft(histverify)1110 2600 y Fu(If)35 b(set,)i(and)e(Readline)h(is) f(b)s(eing)g(used,)h(the)f(results)g(of)g(history)h(substitu-)1110 -1993 y(tion)h(are)g(not)g(immediately)h(passed)e(to)h(the)g(shell)g -(parser.)59 b(Instead,)38 b(the)1110 2102 y(resulting)i(line)f(is)h +2710 y(tion)h(are)g(not)g(immediately)h(passed)e(to)h(the)g(shell)g +(parser.)59 b(Instead,)38 b(the)1110 2819 y(resulting)i(line)f(is)h (loaded)g(in)m(to)g(the)g(Readline)g(editing)g(bu\013er,)h(allo)m(wing) -1110 2212 y(further)29 b(mo)s(di\014cation.)630 2361 -y Ft(hostcomplete)1110 2471 y Fu(If)38 b(set,)j(and)c(Readline)i(is)f +1110 2929 y(further)29 b(mo)s(di\014cation.)630 3104 +y Ft(hostcomplete)1110 3214 y Fu(If)38 b(set,)j(and)c(Readline)i(is)f (b)s(eing)g(used,)h(Bash)g(will)f(attempt)h(to)g(p)s(erform)1110 -2580 y(hostname)d(completion)h(when)e(a)h(w)m(ord)f(con)m(taining)i(a)f -(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')g(is)g(b)s(eing)f(com-)1110 2690 y(pleted)g(\(see)h +3324 y(hostname)d(completion)h(when)e(a)h(w)m(ord)f(con)m(taining)i(a)f +(`)p Ft(@)p Fu(')g(is)g(b)s(eing)f(com-)1110 3433 y(pleted)g(\(see)h (Section)f(8.4.6)i([Commands)d(F)-8 b(or)36 b(Completion],)g(page)g -(132\).)1110 2800 y(This)30 b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.) -630 2949 y Ft(huponexit)1110 3059 y Fu(If)i(set,)i(Bash)f(will)h(send)d +(133\).)1110 3543 y(This)30 b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.) +630 3718 y Ft(huponexit)1110 3828 y Fu(If)i(set,)i(Bash)f(will)h(send)d Ft(SIGHUP)h Fu(to)h(all)h(jobs)e(when)g(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)k(login) -1110 3168 y(shell)31 b(exits)g(\(see)g(Section)g(3.7.6)h([Signals],)g -(page)f(42\).)630 3318 y Ft(inherit_errexit)1110 3427 +1110 3937 y(shell)31 b(exits)g(\(see)g(Section)g(3.7.6)h([Signals],)g +(page)f(42\).)630 4113 y Ft(inherit_errexit)1110 4222 y Fu(If)e(set,)h(command)g(substitution)f(inherits)g(the)g(v)-5 -b(alue)30 b(of)g(the)f Ft(errexit)f Fu(op-)1110 3537 +b(alue)30 b(of)g(the)f Ft(errexit)f Fu(op-)1110 4332 y(tion,)33 b(instead)g(of)f(unsetting)g(it)h(in)f(the)g(subshell)f(en)m -(vironmen)m(t.)46 b(This)32 b(op-)1110 3646 y(tion)f(is)f(enabled)h -(when)e Fm(posix)h Fu(mo)s(de)g(is)g(enabled.)630 3796 -y Ft(interactive_comments)1110 3905 y Fu(Allo)m(w)d(a)g(w)m(ord)e(b)s +(vironmen)m(t.)46 b(This)32 b(op-)1110 4441 y(tion)f(is)f(enabled)h +(when)e Fm(posix)h Fu(mo)s(de)g(is)g(enabled.)630 4617 +y Ft(interactive_comments)1110 4726 y Fu(Allo)m(w)d(a)g(w)m(ord)e(b)s (eginning)g(with)h(`)p Ft(#)p Fu(')g(to)h(cause)f(that)h(w)m(ord)f(and) -f(all)i(remain-)1110 4015 y(ing)41 b(c)m(haracters)i(on)e(that)h(line)g +f(all)i(remain-)1110 4836 y(ing)41 b(c)m(haracters)i(on)e(that)h(line)g (to)g(b)s(e)f(ignored)g(in)g(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell.)1110 -4125 y(This)30 b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630 -4274 y Ft(lastpipe)96 b Fu(If)24 b(set,)i(and)e(job)g(con)m(trol)i(is)f +4945 y(This)30 b(option)g(is)h(enabled)f(b)m(y)g(default.)630 +5121 y Ft(lastpipe)96 b Fu(If)24 b(set,)i(and)e(job)g(con)m(trol)i(is)f (not)f(activ)m(e,)k(the)d(shell)f(runs)f(the)i(last)g(command)1110 -4384 y(of)37 b(a)h(pip)s(eline)e(not)h(executed)h(in)f(the)g(bac)m -(kground)g(in)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g(shell)1110 4493 y(en)m(vironmen)m -(t.)630 4643 y Ft(lithist)144 b Fu(If)22 b(enabled,)i(and)d(the)h -Ft(cmdhist)e Fu(option)j(is)f(enabled,)i(m)m(ulti-line)f(commands)1110 -4752 y(are)28 b(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(to)g(the)f(history)g(with)f(em)m(b)s -(edded)g(newlines)h(rather)g(than)f(using)1110 4862 y(semicolon)32 -b(separators)f(where)e(p)s(ossible.)630 5011 y Ft(localvar_inherit)1110 -5121 y Fu(If)j(set,)h(lo)s(cal)g(v)-5 b(ariables)33 b(inherit)f(the)g -(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(and)g(attributes)h(of)f(a)g(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 -5230 y(of)36 b(the)g(same)g(name)g(that)h(exists)f(at)h(a)f(previous)g -(scop)s(e)g(b)s(efore)f(an)m(y)h(new)1110 5340 y(v)-5 -b(alue)31 b(is)f(assigned.)41 b(The)30 b Fr(nameref)48 -b Fu(attribute)31 b(is)f(not)h(inherited.)p eop end +5230 y(of)37 b(a)h(pip)s(eline)e(not)h(executed)h(in)f(the)g(bac)m +(kground)g(in)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g(shell)1110 5340 y(en)m(vironmen)m +(t.)p eop end %%Page: 71 77 TeXDict begin 71 76 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 -b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(71)630 299 y Ft(localvar_unset) -1110 408 y Fu(If)33 b(set,)i(calling)g Ft(unset)d Fu(on)i(lo)s(cal)g(v) --5 b(ariables)35 b(in)e(previous)g(function)g(scop)s(es)1110 -518 y(marks)26 b(them)g(so)g(subsequen)m(t)g(lo)s(okups)f(\014nd)g -(them)h(unset)f(un)m(til)i(that)g(func-)1110 628 y(tion)40 -b(returns.)68 b(This)39 b(is)g(iden)m(tical)j(to)e(the)g(b)s(eha)m -(vior)g(of)g(unsetting)g(lo)s(cal)1110 737 y(v)-5 b(ariables)31 -b(at)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f(function)g(scop)s(e.)630 891 -y Ft(login_shell)1110 1000 y Fu(The)35 b(shell)h(sets)g(this)f(option)h -(if)g(it)g(is)f(started)h(as)g(a)g(login)g(shell)g(\(see)g(Sec-)1110 -1110 y(tion)29 b(6.1)g([In)m(v)m(oking)h(Bash],)f(page)g(86\).)41 -b(The)28 b(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(ma)m(y)g(not)f(b)s(e)g(c)m(hanged.)630 -1263 y Ft(mailwarn)96 b Fu(If)34 b(set,)i(and)e(a)h(\014le)g(that)g -(Bash)f(is)h(c)m(hec)m(king)h(for)f(mail)g(has)f(b)s(een)g(accessed) -1110 1373 y(since)24 b(the)h(last)g(time)f(it)h(w)m(as)f(c)m(hec)m(k)m -(ed,)k(the)c(message)h Ft("The)k(mail)h(in)f Fj(mail-)1110 -1482 y(file)g Ft(has)h(been)f(read")g Fu(is)h(displa)m(y)m(ed.)630 -1636 y Ft(no_empty_cmd_completion)1110 1745 y Fu(If)g(set,)g(and)g -(Readline)g(is)h(b)s(eing)e(used,)h(Bash)g(will)g(not)g(attempt)i(to)e -(searc)m(h)1110 1855 y(the)25 b Ft(PATH)f Fu(for)h(p)s(ossible)f -(completions)j(when)d(completion)i(is)f(attempted)h(on)1110 -1965 y(an)k(empt)m(y)h(line.)630 2118 y Ft(nocaseglob)1110 -2228 y Fu(If)38 b(set,)k(Bash)d(matc)m(hes)g(\014lenames)g(in)f(a)h -(case-insensitiv)m(e)j(fashion)c(when)1110 2337 y(p)s(erforming)29 -b(\014lename)i(expansion.)630 2491 y Ft(nocasematch)1110 -2600 y Fu(If)42 b(set,)k(Bash)d(matc)m(hes)g(patterns)g(in)f(a)h -(case-insensitiv)m(e)i(fashion)d(when)1110 2710 y(p)s(erforming)31 -b(matc)m(hing)i(while)f(executing)i Ft(case)d Fu(or)h -Ft([[)g Fu(conditional)h(com-)1110 2819 y(mands,)d(when)g(p)s -(erforming)g(pattern)h(substitution)g(w)m(ord)g(expansions,)g(or)1110 -2929 y(when)g(\014ltering)i(p)s(ossible)f(completions)h(as)g(part)f(of) -h(programmable)f(com-)1110 3039 y(pletion.)630 3192 y -Ft(nullglob)96 b Fu(If)23 b(set,)j(Bash)e(allo)m(ws)g(\014lename)g -(patterns)g(whic)m(h)f(matc)m(h)h(no)g(\014les)f(to)i(expand)1110 -3302 y(to)31 b(a)g(n)m(ull)f(string,)h(rather)f(than)g(themselv)m(es.) -630 3455 y Ft(progcomp)96 b Fu(If)25 b(set,)i(the)f(programmable)g -(completion)g(facilities)i(\(see)f(Section)f(8.6)h([Pro-)1110 -3565 y(grammable)45 b(Completion],)k(page)c(137\))h(are)f(enabled.)82 -b(This)44 b(option)h(is)1110 3674 y(enabled)30 b(b)m(y)h(default.)630 -3828 y Ft(progcomp_alias)1110 3937 y Fu(If)23 b(set,)j(and)d +b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(71)630 299 y Ft(lithist)144 +b Fu(If)22 b(enabled,)i(and)d(the)h Ft(cmdhist)e Fu(option)j(is)f +(enabled,)i(m)m(ulti-line)f(commands)1110 408 y(are)28 +b(sa)m(v)m(ed)h(to)g(the)f(history)g(with)f(em)m(b)s(edded)g(newlines)h +(rather)g(than)f(using)1110 518 y(semicolon)32 b(separators)f(where)e +(p)s(ossible.)630 682 y Ft(localvar_inherit)1110 792 +y Fu(If)j(set,)h(lo)s(cal)g(v)-5 b(ariables)33 b(inherit)f(the)g(v)-5 +b(alue)32 b(and)g(attributes)h(of)f(a)g(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 +902 y(of)36 b(the)g(same)g(name)g(that)h(exists)f(at)h(a)f(previous)g +(scop)s(e)g(b)s(efore)f(an)m(y)h(new)1110 1011 y(v)-5 +b(alue)31 b(is)f(assigned.)41 b(The)30 b Fr(nameref)48 +b Fu(attribute)31 b(is)f(not)h(inherited.)630 1176 y +Ft(localvar_unset)1110 1285 y Fu(If)i(set,)i(calling)g +Ft(unset)d Fu(on)i(lo)s(cal)g(v)-5 b(ariables)35 b(in)e(previous)g +(function)g(scop)s(es)1110 1395 y(marks)26 b(them)g(so)g(subsequen)m(t) +g(lo)s(okups)f(\014nd)g(them)h(unset)f(un)m(til)i(that)g(func-)1110 +1504 y(tion)40 b(returns.)68 b(This)39 b(is)g(iden)m(tical)j(to)e(the)g +(b)s(eha)m(vior)g(of)g(unsetting)g(lo)s(cal)1110 1614 +y(v)-5 b(ariables)31 b(at)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f(function)g(scop)s(e.)630 +1778 y Ft(login_shell)1110 1888 y Fu(The)35 b(shell)h(sets)g(this)f +(option)h(if)g(it)g(is)f(started)h(as)g(a)g(login)g(shell)g(\(see)g +(Sec-)1110 1998 y(tion)29 b(6.1)g([In)m(v)m(oking)h(Bash],)f(page)g +(86\).)41 b(The)28 b(v)-5 b(alue)29 b(ma)m(y)g(not)f(b)s(e)g(c)m +(hanged.)630 2162 y Ft(mailwarn)96 b Fu(If)34 b(set,)i(and)e(a)h +(\014le)g(that)g(Bash)f(is)h(c)m(hec)m(king)h(for)f(mail)g(has)f(b)s +(een)g(accessed)1110 2271 y(since)24 b(the)h(last)g(time)f(it)h(w)m(as) +f(c)m(hec)m(k)m(ed,)k(the)c(message)h Ft("The)k(mail)h(in)f +Fj(mail-)1110 2381 y(file)g Ft(has)h(been)f(read")g Fu(is)h(displa)m(y) +m(ed.)630 2545 y Ft(no_empty_cmd_completion)1110 2655 +y Fu(If)g(set,)g(and)g(Readline)g(is)h(b)s(eing)e(used,)h(Bash)g(will)g +(not)g(attempt)i(to)e(searc)m(h)1110 2765 y(the)25 b +Ft(PATH)f Fu(for)h(p)s(ossible)f(completions)j(when)d(completion)i(is)f +(attempted)h(on)1110 2874 y(an)k(empt)m(y)h(line.)630 +3039 y Ft(nocaseglob)1110 3148 y Fu(If)38 b(set,)k(Bash)d(matc)m(hes)g +(\014lenames)g(in)f(a)h(case-insensitiv)m(e)j(fashion)c(when)1110 +3258 y(p)s(erforming)29 b(\014lename)i(expansion.)630 +3422 y Ft(nocasematch)1110 3532 y Fu(If)42 b(set,)k(Bash)d(matc)m(hes)g +(patterns)g(in)f(a)h(case-insensitiv)m(e)i(fashion)d(when)1110 +3641 y(p)s(erforming)31 b(matc)m(hing)i(while)f(executing)i +Ft(case)d Fu(or)h Ft([[)g Fu(conditional)h(com-)1110 +3751 y(mands,)d(when)g(p)s(erforming)g(pattern)h(substitution)g(w)m +(ord)g(expansions,)g(or)1110 3861 y(when)g(\014ltering)i(p)s(ossible)f +(completions)h(as)g(part)f(of)h(programmable)f(com-)1110 +3970 y(pletion.)630 4134 y Ft(nullglob)96 b Fu(If)23 +b(set,)j(Bash)e(allo)m(ws)g(\014lename)g(patterns)g(whic)m(h)f(matc)m +(h)h(no)g(\014les)f(to)i(expand)1110 4244 y(to)31 b(a)g(n)m(ull)f +(string,)h(rather)f(than)g(themselv)m(es.)630 4408 y +Ft(progcomp)96 b Fu(If)25 b(set,)i(the)f(programmable)g(completion)g +(facilities)i(\(see)f(Section)f(8.6)h([Pro-)1110 4518 +y(grammable)45 b(Completion],)k(page)c(137\))h(are)f(enabled.)82 +b(This)44 b(option)h(is)1110 4628 y(enabled)30 b(b)m(y)h(default.)630 +4792 y Ft(progcomp_alias)1110 4902 y Fu(If)23 b(set,)j(and)d (programmable)h(completion)h(is)f(enabled,)h(Bash)f(treats)h(a)f(com-) -1110 4047 y(mand)34 b(name)h(that)g(do)s(esn't)f(ha)m(v)m(e)i(an)m(y)g -(completions)f(as)g(a)g(p)s(ossible)g(alias)1110 4156 +1110 5011 y(mand)34 b(name)h(that)g(do)s(esn't)f(ha)m(v)m(e)i(an)m(y)g +(completions)f(as)g(a)g(p)s(ossible)g(alias)1110 5121 y(and)40 b(attempts)i(alias)h(expansion.)72 b(If)41 b(it)g(has)g(an)g -(alias,)k(Bash)c(attempts)1110 4266 y(programmable)28 +(alias,)k(Bash)c(attempts)1110 5230 y(programmable)28 b(completion)h(using)e(the)h(command)f(w)m(ord)h(resulting)f(from)1110 -4376 y(the)k(expanded)e(alias.)630 4529 y Ft(promptvars)1110 -4639 y Fu(If)50 b(set,)56 b(prompt)49 b(strings)h(undergo)g(parameter)h -(expansion,)k(command)1110 4748 y(substitution,)35 b(arithmetic)g -(expansion,)g(and)e(quote)i(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)35 b(after)f(b)s(eing)1110 -4858 y(expanded)53 b(as)h(describ)s(ed)e(b)s(elo)m(w)i(\(see)h(Section) -f(6.9)h([Con)m(trolling)g(the)1110 4967 y(Prompt],)30 -b(page)h(98\).)42 b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(enabled)h(b)m(y)f(default.) -630 5121 y Ft(restricted_shell)1110 5230 y Fu(The)40 -b(shell)h(sets)g(this)g(option)g(if)g(it)h(is)e(started)i(in)e -(restricted)i(mo)s(de)e(\(see)1110 5340 y(Section)32 -b(6.10)h([The)d(Restricted)j(Shell],)e(page)h(100\).)45 -b(The)30 b(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(ma)m(y)g(not)p eop end +5340 y(the)k(expanded)e(alias.)p eop end %%Page: 72 78 TeXDict begin 72 77 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 -b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(72)1110 299 y(b)s(e)32 -b(c)m(hanged.)49 b(This)32 b(is)h(not)h(reset)f(when)f(the)h(startup)g -(\014les)f(are)i(executed,)1110 408 y(allo)m(wing)k(the)e(startup)f -(\014les)h(to)g(disco)m(v)m(er)h(whether)f(or)f(not)i(a)f(shell)g(is)g -(re-)1110 518 y(stricted.)630 677 y Ft(shift_verbose)1110 -787 y Fu(If)g(this)g(is)g(set,)j(the)d Ft(shift)f Fu(builtin)h(prin)m -(ts)f(an)h(error)g(message)i(when)d(the)1110 897 y(shift)30 -b(coun)m(t)h(exceeds)g(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)h(p)s(ositional)i -(parameters.)630 1056 y Ft(sourcepath)1110 1166 y Fu(If)22 -b(set,)j(the)e Ft(source)e Fu(builtin)h(uses)g(the)h(v)-5 -b(alue)23 b(of)g Ft(PATH)e Fu(to)j(\014nd)d(the)h(directory)1110 -1275 y(con)m(taining)29 b(the)e(\014le)h(supplied)e(as)h(an)g(argumen)m -(t.)40 b(This)27 b(option)h(is)f(enabled)1110 1385 y(b)m(y)j(default.) -630 1544 y Ft(xpg_echo)96 b Fu(If)31 b(set,)h(the)g Ft(echo)e +b(Shell)30 b(Builtin)h(Commands)2069 b(72)630 299 y Ft(promptvars)1110 +408 y Fu(If)50 b(set,)56 b(prompt)49 b(strings)h(undergo)g(parameter)h +(expansion,)k(command)1110 518 y(substitution,)35 b(arithmetic)g +(expansion,)g(and)e(quote)i(remo)m(v)-5 b(al)35 b(after)f(b)s(eing)1110 +628 y(expanded)53 b(as)h(describ)s(ed)e(b)s(elo)m(w)i(\(see)h(Section)f +(6.9)h([Con)m(trolling)g(the)1110 737 y(Prompt],)30 b(page)h(98\).)42 +b(This)30 b(option)h(is)f(enabled)h(b)m(y)f(default.)630 +897 y Ft(restricted_shell)1110 1006 y Fu(The)40 b(shell)h(sets)g(this)g +(option)g(if)g(it)h(is)e(started)i(in)e(restricted)i(mo)s(de)e(\(see) +1110 1116 y(Section)32 b(6.10)h([The)d(Restricted)j(Shell],)e(page)h +(100\).)45 b(The)30 b(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(ma)m(y)g(not)1110 +1225 y(b)s(e)g(c)m(hanged.)49 b(This)32 b(is)h(not)h(reset)f(when)f +(the)h(startup)g(\014les)f(are)i(executed,)1110 1335 +y(allo)m(wing)k(the)e(startup)f(\014les)h(to)g(disco)m(v)m(er)h +(whether)f(or)f(not)i(a)f(shell)g(is)g(re-)1110 1445 +y(stricted.)630 1604 y Ft(shift_verbose)1110 1714 y Fu(If)g(this)g(is)g +(set,)j(the)d Ft(shift)f Fu(builtin)h(prin)m(ts)f(an)h(error)g(message) +i(when)d(the)1110 1823 y(shift)30 b(coun)m(t)h(exceeds)g(the)g(n)m(um)m +(b)s(er)e(of)h(p)s(ositional)i(parameters.)630 1983 y +Ft(sourcepath)1110 2092 y Fu(If)22 b(set,)j(the)e Ft(source)e +Fu(builtin)h(uses)g(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)23 b(of)g Ft(PATH)e +Fu(to)j(\014nd)d(the)h(directory)1110 2202 y(con)m(taining)29 +b(the)e(\014le)h(supplied)e(as)h(an)g(argumen)m(t.)40 +b(This)27 b(option)h(is)f(enabled)1110 2311 y(b)m(y)j(default.)630 +2471 y Ft(xpg_echo)96 b Fu(If)31 b(set,)h(the)g Ft(echo)e Fu(builtin)h(expands)f(bac)m(kslash-escap)s(e)j(sequences)f(b)m(y)f -(de-)1110 1654 y(fault.)630 1813 y(The)c(return)f(status)i(when)f -(listing)h(options)g(is)f(zero)i(if)e(all)i Fr(optnames)i -Fu(are)d(enabled,)g(non-)630 1923 y(zero)40 b(otherwise.)66 -b(When)39 b(setting)h(or)f(unsetting)g(options,)i(the)e(return)f -(status)h(is)g(zero)630 2032 y(unless)30 b(an)g Fr(optname)36 -b Fu(is)30 b(not)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alid)30 b(shell)h(option.)150 -2273 y Fs(4.4)68 b(Sp)t(ecial)45 b(Builtins)150 2433 -y Fu(F)-8 b(or)35 b(historical)h(reasons,)g(the)e Fm(posix)g -Fu(standard)f(has)i(classi\014ed)f(sev)m(eral)i(builtin)e(commands)g -(as)h Fl(sp)-5 b(e-)150 2542 y(cial)p Fu(.)47 b(When)33 -b(Bash)f(is)h(executing)g(in)f Fm(posix)g Fu(mo)s(de,)h(the)g(sp)s -(ecial)g(builtins)e(di\013er)i(from)f(other)g(builtin)150 -2652 y(commands)e(in)g(three)h(resp)s(ects:)199 2786 +(de-)1110 2580 y(fault.)150 2821 y Fs(4.4)68 b(Sp)t(ecial)45 +b(Builtins)150 2980 y Fu(F)-8 b(or)35 b(historical)h(reasons,)g(the)e +Fm(posix)g Fu(standard)f(has)i(classi\014ed)f(sev)m(eral)i(builtin)e +(commands)g(as)h Fl(sp)-5 b(e-)150 3090 y(cial)p Fu(.)47 +b(When)33 b(Bash)f(is)h(executing)g(in)f Fm(posix)g Fu(mo)s(de,)h(the)g +(sp)s(ecial)g(builtins)e(di\013er)i(from)f(other)g(builtin)150 +3200 y(commands)e(in)g(three)h(resp)s(ects:)199 3334 y(1.)61 b(Sp)s(ecial)31 b(builtins)e(are)i(found)e(b)s(efore)h(shell)h -(functions)f(during)f(command)h(lo)s(okup.)199 2921 y(2.)61 +(functions)f(during)f(command)h(lo)s(okup.)199 3469 y(2.)61 b(If)30 b(a)h(sp)s(ecial)g(builtin)f(returns)f(an)h(error)g(status,)h -(a)g(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)d(exits.)199 3055 +(a)g(non-in)m(teractiv)m(e)i(shell)d(exits.)199 3603 y(3.)61 b(Assignmen)m(t)30 b(statemen)m(ts)h(preceding)f(the)f(command) g(sta)m(y)i(in)e(e\013ect)i(in)e(the)h(shell)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)330 -3165 y(after)i(the)f(command)h(completes.)275 3324 y(When)36 +3713 y(after)i(the)f(command)h(completes.)275 3872 y(When)36 b(Bash)g(is)h(not)f(executing)i(in)e Fm(posix)f Fu(mo)s(de,)j(these)f (builtins)f(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)h(no)f(di\013eren)m(tly)h(than)150 -3434 y(the)31 b(rest)f(of)h(the)f(Bash)h(builtin)e(commands.)41 +3982 y(the)31 b(rest)f(of)h(the)f(Bash)h(builtin)e(commands.)41 b(The)30 b(Bash)g Fm(posix)g Fu(mo)s(de)g(is)g(describ)s(ed)f(in)h -(Section)h(6.11)150 3543 y([Bash)g(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(101.)275 -3678 y(These)f(are)g(the)h Fm(posix)f Fu(sp)s(ecial)h(builtins:)390 -3812 y Ft(break)46 b(:)i(.)f(continue)f(eval)g(exec)h(exit)g(export)f -(readonly)f(return)h(set)390 3922 y(shift)g(trap)h(unset)p +(Section)h(6.11)150 4091 y([Bash)g(POSIX)e(Mo)s(de],)i(page)g(101.)275 +4226 y(These)f(are)g(the)h Fm(posix)f Fu(sp)s(ecial)h(builtins:)390 +4360 y Ft(break)46 b(:)i(.)f(continue)f(eval)g(exec)h(exit)g(export)f +(readonly)f(return)h(set)390 4470 y(shift)g(trap)h(unset)p eop end %%Page: 73 79 TeXDict begin 73 78 bop 3659 -116 a Fu(73)150 299 y Fp(5)80 @@ -14040,74 +14054,74 @@ TeXDict begin 82 87 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41 b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(82)150 299 y Ft(LC_NUMERIC)630 408 y Fu(This)30 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(determines)f(the)h(lo)s(cale)h (category)g(used)e(for)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(formatting.)150 -565 y Ft(LC_TIME)144 b Fu(This)25 b(v)-5 b(ariable)26 +573 y Ft(LC_TIME)144 b Fu(This)25 b(v)-5 b(ariable)26 b(determines)g(the)g(lo)s(cale)h(category)h(used)d(for)g(data)h(and)f -(time)i(formatting.)150 722 y Ft(LINENO)192 b Fu(The)32 +(time)i(formatting.)150 737 y Ft(LINENO)192 b Fu(The)32 b(line)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(in)i(the)f(script)h(or)f(shell)h(function)f (curren)m(tly)h(executing.)49 b(If)32 b Ft(LINENO)630 -831 y Fu(is)e(unset,)h(it)g(loses)g(its)f(sp)s(ecial)h(prop)s(erties,)f +847 y Fu(is)e(unset,)h(it)g(loses)g(its)f(sp)s(ecial)h(prop)s(erties,)f (ev)m(en)h(if)g(it)g(is)f(subsequen)m(tly)g(reset.)150 -988 y Ft(LINES)240 b Fu(Used)43 b(b)m(y)g(the)g Ft(select)e +1011 y Ft(LINES)240 b Fu(Used)43 b(b)m(y)g(the)g Ft(select)e Fu(command)i(to)g(determine)g(the)g(column)g(length)g(for)g(prin)m -(ting)630 1097 y(selection)c(lists.)63 b(Automatically)41 +(ting)630 1121 y(selection)c(lists.)63 b(Automatically)41 b(set)d(if)f(the)h Ft(checkwinsize)d Fu(option)j(is)f(enabled)h(\(see) -630 1207 y(Section)44 b(4.3.2)h([The)e(Shopt)g(Builtin],)k(page)d +630 1230 y(Section)44 b(4.3.2)h([The)e(Shopt)g(Builtin],)k(page)d (66\),)k(or)43 b(in)g(an)g(in)m(teractiv)m(e)j(shell)e(up)s(on)630 -1316 y(receipt)31 b(of)g(a)g Ft(SIGWINCH)p Fu(.)150 1473 +1340 y(receipt)31 b(of)g(a)g Ft(SIGWINCH)p Fu(.)150 1504 y Ft(MACHTYPE)96 b Fu(A)26 b(string)g(that)h(fully)f(describ)s(es)f (the)h(system)g(t)m(yp)s(e)h(on)f(whic)m(h)f(Bash)i(is)f(executing,)i -(in)e(the)630 1583 y(standard)k Fm(gnu)g Fr(cpu-compan)m(y-system)h -Fu(format.)150 1739 y Ft(MAILCHECK)630 1849 y Fu(Ho)m(w)d(often)g(\(in) +(in)e(the)630 1614 y(standard)k Fm(gnu)g Fr(cpu-compan)m(y-system)h +Fu(format.)150 1778 y Ft(MAILCHECK)630 1888 y Fu(Ho)m(w)d(often)g(\(in) g(seconds\))g(that)g(the)f(shell)h(should)f(c)m(hec)m(k)i(for)e(mail)h -(in)f(the)h(\014les)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)630 1958 y(in)i(the)h +(in)f(the)h(\014les)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)630 1998 y(in)i(the)h Ft(MAILPATH)e Fu(or)i Ft(MAIL)e Fu(v)-5 b(ariables.)43 b(The)30 b(default)h(is)f(60)i(seconds.)42 b(When)30 -b(it)h(is)g(time)630 2068 y(to)37 b(c)m(hec)m(k)h(for)e(mail,)j(the)e +b(it)h(is)g(time)630 2107 y(to)37 b(c)m(hec)m(k)h(for)e(mail,)j(the)e (shell)f(do)s(es)g(so)h(b)s(efore)f(displa)m(ying)h(the)f(primary)g -(prompt.)57 b(If)630 2178 y(this)37 b(v)-5 b(ariable)38 +(prompt.)57 b(If)630 2217 y(this)37 b(v)-5 b(ariable)38 b(is)f(unset,)h(or)f(set)h(to)g(a)f(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(that)f(is)g(not)h -(a)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(greater)i(than)f(or)630 2287 y(equal)31 +(a)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(greater)i(than)f(or)630 2326 y(equal)31 b(to)g(zero,)g(the)g(shell)g(disables)f(mail)h(c)m(hec)m(king.)150 -2444 y Ft(MAPFILE)144 b Fu(An)35 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)36 +2491 y Ft(MAPFILE)144 b Fu(An)35 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)36 b(created)g(to)h(hold)e(the)g(text)i(read)e(b)m(y)g(the)h -Ft(mapfile)d Fu(builtin)i(when)630 2553 y(no)30 b(v)-5 -b(ariable)31 b(name)g(is)f(supplied.)150 2710 y Ft(OLDPWD)192 +Ft(mapfile)d Fu(builtin)i(when)630 2600 y(no)30 b(v)-5 +b(ariable)31 b(name)g(is)f(supplied.)150 2765 y Ft(OLDPWD)192 b Fu(The)30 b(previous)g(w)m(orking)g(directory)h(as)g(set)g(b)m(y)f -(the)h Ft(cd)e Fu(builtin.)150 2866 y Ft(OPTERR)192 b +(the)h Ft(cd)e Fu(builtin.)150 2929 y Ft(OPTERR)192 b Fu(If)35 b(set)i(to)f(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(1,)i(Bash)e(displa)m(ys)g (error)f(messages)i(generated)g(b)m(y)f(the)g Ft(getopts)630 -2976 y Fu(builtin)30 b(command.)150 3133 y Ft(OSTYPE)192 +3039 y Fu(builtin)30 b(command.)150 3203 y Ft(OSTYPE)192 b Fu(A)30 b(string)h(describing)f(the)g(op)s(erating)h(system)g(Bash)f -(is)h(running)d(on.)150 3289 y Ft(PIPESTATUS)630 3399 +(is)h(running)d(on.)150 3367 y Ft(PIPESTATUS)630 3477 y Fu(An)23 b(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 b(ariable)24 b(\(see)h(Section)f(6.7)h ([Arra)m(ys],)g(page)f(95\))h(con)m(taining)g(a)f(list)g(of)g(exit)g -(sta-)630 3508 y(tus)h(v)-5 b(alues)27 b(from)e(the)h(pro)s(cesses)g +(sta-)630 3587 y(tus)h(v)-5 b(alues)27 b(from)e(the)h(pro)s(cesses)g (in)f(the)h(most-recen)m(tly-executed)j(foreground)c(pip)s(eline)630 -3618 y(\(whic)m(h)30 b(ma)m(y)h(con)m(tain)h(only)f(a)f(single)h -(command\).)150 3774 y Ft(POSIXLY_CORRECT)630 3884 y +3696 y(\(whic)m(h)30 b(ma)m(y)h(con)m(tain)h(only)f(a)f(single)h +(command\).)150 3861 y Ft(POSIXLY_CORRECT)630 3970 y Fu(If)h(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)34 b(is)e(in)g(the)h(en)m(vironmen)m(t)g (when)e(Bash)i(starts,)g(the)g(shell)g(en)m(ters)g Fm(posix)630 -3994 y Fu(mo)s(de)46 b(\(see)h(Section)g(6.11)g([Bash)g(POSIX)e(Mo)s +4080 y Fu(mo)s(de)46 b(\(see)h(Section)g(6.11)g([Bash)g(POSIX)e(Mo)s (de],)50 b(page)d(101\))h(b)s(efore)e(reading)g(the)630 -4103 y(startup)38 b(\014les,)j(as)e(if)g(the)g Ft(--posix)d +4189 y(startup)38 b(\014les,)j(as)e(if)g(the)g Ft(--posix)d Fu(in)m(v)m(o)s(cation)41 b(option)e(had)f(b)s(een)g(supplied.)64 -b(If)39 b(it)g(is)630 4213 y(set)31 b(while)f(the)h(shell)f(is)h +b(If)39 b(it)g(is)630 4299 y(set)31 b(while)f(the)h(shell)f(is)h (running,)e(Bash)h(enables)h Fm(posix)f Fu(mo)s(de,)g(as)g(if)h(the)f -(command)870 4346 y Ft(set)47 b(-o)g(posix)630 4479 y +(command)870 4436 y Ft(set)47 b(-o)g(posix)630 4573 y Fu(had)33 b(b)s(een)g(executed.)51 b(When)33 b(the)h(shell)f(en)m(ters) h Fm(posix)f Fu(mo)s(de,)h(it)g(sets)g(this)g(v)-5 b(ariable)34 -b(if)630 4589 y(it)d(w)m(as)g(not)f(already)h(set.)150 -4745 y Ft(PPID)288 b Fu(The)30 b(pro)s(cess)g Fm(id)g +b(if)630 4682 y(it)d(w)m(as)g(not)f(already)h(set.)150 +4847 y Ft(PPID)288 b Fu(The)30 b(pro)s(cess)g Fm(id)g Fu(of)h(the)f(shell's)h(paren)m(t)g(pro)s(cess.)40 b(This)30 -b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(readonly)-8 b(.)150 4902 y -Ft(PROMPT_COMMANDS)630 5011 y Fu(If)38 b(this)g(arra)m(y)h(v)-5 -b(ariable)39 b(is)f(set,)j(the)e(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(of)f(eac)m(h)h(set)g -(elemen)m(t)h(is)e(in)m(terpreted)h(as)g(a)630 5121 y(command)31 -b(to)g(execute)h(b)s(efore)e(prin)m(ting)h(the)g(primary)f(prompt)g(\() -p Ft($PS1)p Fu(\).)41 b(If)30 b(this)h(is)g(not)630 5230 -y(set,)36 b(but)e Ft(PROMPT_COMMAND)d Fu(is)j(set)h(to)h(a)f(v)-5 -b(alue,)36 b(its)f(v)-5 b(alue)35 b(is)f(used)g(as)h(a)g(command)f(to) -630 5340 y(execute)e(instead.)p eop end +b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b(is)f(readonly)-8 b(.)150 5011 y +Ft(PROMPT_COMMAND)630 5121 y Fu(If)23 b(this)h(v)-5 b(ariable)24 +b(is)g(set,)i(and)d(is)h(an)f(arra)m(y)-8 b(,)27 b(the)d(v)-5 +b(alue)24 b(of)g(eac)m(h)g(set)h(elemen)m(t)g(is)f(in)m(terpreted)630 +5230 y(as)29 b(a)g(command)f(to)i(execute)g(b)s(efore)e(prin)m(ting)h +(the)g(primary)f(prompt)f(\()p Ft($PS1)p Fu(\).)40 b(If)28 +b(this)h(is)630 5340 y(set)c(but)f(not)g(an)h(arra)m(y)g(v)-5 +b(ariable,)26 b(its)f(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(is)f(used)g(as)h(a)f(command)g +(to)i(execute)f(instead.)p eop end %%Page: 83 89 TeXDict begin 83 88 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(5:)41 b(Shell)30 b(V)-8 b(ariables)2459 b(83)150 299 y Ft(PROMPT_DIRTRIM)630 @@ -15870,8 +15884,14 @@ b(If)30 b(the)f(shell)h(compatibilit)m(y)i(lev)m(el)f(is)f(set)g(to)h (d)f(from)g(bash-5.0)h(and)f(previous)g(v)m(ersions,)i(so)e(seeding)h (the)g(random)810 2446 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)36 b(generator)j(b)m(y)e (assigning)h(a)g(v)-5 b(alue)38 b(to)g Ft(RANDOM)e Fu(will)i(pro)s -(duce)e(the)i(same)810 2555 y(sequence)31 b(as)f(in)g(bash-5.0)p -eop end +(duce)e(the)i(same)810 2555 y(sequence)31 b(as)f(in)g(bash-5.0)705 +2690 y Fq(\017)60 b Fu(If)22 b(the)g(command)g(hash)f(table)i(is)f +(empt)m(y)-8 b(,)25 b(Bash)d(v)m(ersions)g(prior)g(to)h(bash-5.1)f +(prin)m(ted)810 2800 y(an)29 b(informational)i(message)g(to)f(that)g +(e\013ect,)h(ev)m(en)g(when)d(pro)s(ducing)g(output)h(that)810 +2909 y(can)40 b(b)s(e)g(reused)f(as)h(input.)69 b(Bash-5.1)42 +b(suppresses)c(that)j(message)g(when)e(the)i Ft(-l)810 +3019 y Fu(option)31 b(is)f(supplied.)p eop end %%Page: 107 113 TeXDict begin 107 112 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(107)150 299 y Fp(7)80 b(Job)54 b(Con)l(trol)150 518 y Fu(This)25 @@ -16604,27 +16624,28 @@ y(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(greater)h(than)e(zero,)j(common)e(pre\014xes)e y(replaced)k(with)f(an)g(ellipsis)h(when)e(displa)m(ying)i(p)s(ossible) f(completions.)630 2217 y Ft(completion-query-items)1110 2326 y Fu(The)c(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f(of)h(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h -(that)g(determines)f(when)f(the)i(user)1110 2436 y(is)i(ask)m(ed)h -(whether)f(the)h(list)g(of)f(p)s(ossibilities)h(should)e(b)s(e)h -(displa)m(y)m(ed.)41 b(If)29 b(the)1110 2545 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d(of)h -(p)s(ossible)f(completions)i(is)f(greater)h(than)e(this)h(v)-5 -b(alue,)28 b(Readline)1110 2655 y(will)f(ask)g(the)f(user)g(whether)g -(or)g(not)h(he)f(wishes)g(to)i(view)e(them;)i(otherwise,)1110 -2765 y(they)d(are)f(simply)g(listed.)40 b(This)23 b(v)-5 -b(ariable)25 b(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)e(set)i(to)g(an)g(in)m(teger)g(v)-5 -b(alue)1110 2874 y(greater)26 b(than)f(or)f(equal)i(to)f(0.)40 -b(A)24 b(negativ)m(e)j(v)-5 b(alue)26 b(means)e(Readline)i(should)1110 -2984 y(nev)m(er)31 b(ask.)41 b(The)29 b(default)i(limit)g(is)g -Ft(100)p Fu(.)630 3162 y Ft(convert-meta)1110 3271 y -Fu(If)22 b(set)g(to)h(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)h(Readline)f(will)f(con)m(v)m -(ert)i(c)m(haracters)f(with)f(the)g(eigh)m(th)h(bit)f(set)1110 -3381 y(to)33 b(an)e Fm(asci)r(i)h Fu(k)m(ey)h(sequence)f(b)m(y)g -(stripping)f(the)h(eigh)m(th)h(bit)f(and)f(pre\014xing)1110 -3491 y(an)24 b Ft(ESC)g Fu(c)m(haracter,)j(con)m(v)m(erting)f(them)f -(to)g(a)g(meta-pre\014xed)f(k)m(ey)h(sequence.)1110 3600 -y(The)i(default)h(v)-5 b(alue)28 b(is)f(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)i(but)d(will) -i(b)s(e)f(set)h(to)g(`)p Ft(off)p Fu(')g(if)f(the)h(lo)s(cale)h(is)f -(one)1110 3710 y(that)j(con)m(tains)h(eigh)m(t-bit)g(c)m(haracters.)630 +(that)g(determines)f(when)f(the)i(user)1110 2436 y(is)43 +b(ask)m(ed)g(whether)f(the)g(list)h(of)g(p)s(ossibilities)g(should)f(b) +s(e)g(displa)m(y)m(ed.)77 b(If)1110 2545 y(the)29 b(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)f +(of)h(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(is)f(greater)h(than)f(or)g(equal)g +(to)h(this)1110 2655 y(v)-5 b(alue,)45 b(Readline)e(will)f(ask)g +(whether)f(or)h(not)g(the)g(user)f(wishes)g(to)i(view)1110 +2765 y(them;)33 b(otherwise,)f(they)g(are)g(simply)g(listed.)45 +b(This)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(m)m(ust)e(b)s(e)g(set)1110 +2874 y(to)39 b(an)f(in)m(teger)i(v)-5 b(alue)39 b(greater)g(than)f(or)h +(equal)g(to)g(0.)65 b(A)38 b(negativ)m(e)i(v)-5 b(alue)1110 +2984 y(means)30 b(Readline)h(should)f(nev)m(er)g(ask.)41 +b(The)30 b(default)h(limit)g(is)f Ft(100)p Fu(.)630 3162 +y Ft(convert-meta)1110 3271 y Fu(If)22 b(set)g(to)h(`)p +Ft(on)p Fu(',)h(Readline)f(will)f(con)m(v)m(ert)i(c)m(haracters)f(with) +f(the)g(eigh)m(th)h(bit)f(set)1110 3381 y(to)33 b(an)e +Fm(asci)r(i)h Fu(k)m(ey)h(sequence)f(b)m(y)g(stripping)f(the)h(eigh)m +(th)h(bit)f(and)f(pre\014xing)1110 3491 y(an)24 b Ft(ESC)g +Fu(c)m(haracter,)j(con)m(v)m(erting)f(them)f(to)g(a)g(meta-pre\014xed)f +(k)m(ey)h(sequence.)1110 3600 y(The)i(default)h(v)-5 +b(alue)28 b(is)f(`)p Ft(on)p Fu(',)i(but)d(will)i(b)s(e)f(set)h(to)g(`) +p Ft(off)p Fu(')g(if)f(the)h(lo)s(cale)h(is)f(one)1110 +3710 y(that)j(con)m(tains)h(eigh)m(t-bit)g(c)m(haracters.)630 3888 y Ft(disable-completion)1110 3998 y Fu(If)k(set)h(to)h(`)p Ft(On)p Fu(',)g(Readline)f(will)g(inhibit)f(w)m(ord)h(completion.)60 b(Completion)1110 4107 y(c)m(haracters)28 b(will)e(b)s(e)f(inserted)h @@ -17196,9 +17217,9 @@ y($endif)390 3477 y(#)i(use)g(a)h(visible)e(bell)g(if)h(one)g(is)h (convert-meta)d(off)390 4573 y(#)j(display)f(characters)f(with)i(the)g (eighth)f(bit)h(set)g(directly)390 4682 y(#)g(rather)g(than)f(as)h (meta-prefixed)e(characters)390 4792 y(set)i(output-meta)e(on)390 -5011 y(#)i(if)h(there)e(are)h(more)g(than)f(150)h(possible)f -(completions)e(for)390 5121 y(#)j(a)h(word,)e(ask)h(the)g(user)g(if)g -(he)g(wants)f(to)i(see)f(all)f(of)i(them)390 5230 y(set)f +5011 y(#)i(if)h(there)e(are)h(150)g(or)g(more)g(possible)e(completions) +g(for)i(a)g(word,)390 5121 y(#)g(ask)g(whether)f(or)h(not)g(the)g(user) +g(wants)f(to)h(see)g(all)g(of)g(them)390 5230 y(set)g (completion-query-items)42 b(150)p eop end %%Page: 127 133 TeXDict begin 127 132 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 @@ -17263,1201 +17284,1216 @@ i(the)e(same)i(ph)m(ysical)f(screen)g(column)f(on)h(the)f(next)h(ph)m (ysical)h(line)g(or)f(if)g(the)h(length)f(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)g (Readline)630 737 y(line)k(is)f(not)h(greater)g(than)f(the)h(length)g (of)f(the)h(prompt)e(plus)h(the)g(screen)h(width.)150 -893 y Ft(clear-display)c(\(M-C-l\))630 1003 y Fu(Clear)33 +916 y Ft(clear-display)c(\(M-C-l\))630 1026 y Fu(Clear)33 b(the)g(screen)g(and,)h(if)e(p)s(ossible,)i(the)f(terminal's)g -(scrollbac)m(k)i(bu\013er,)e(then)f(redra)m(w)630 1112 +(scrollbac)m(k)i(bu\013er,)e(then)f(redra)m(w)630 1136 y(the)f(curren)m(t)f(line,)h(lea)m(ving)h(the)e(curren)m(t)h(line)f(at) -h(the)g(top)g(of)f(the)h(screen.)150 1268 y Ft(clear-screen)c(\(C-l\)) -630 1378 y Fu(Clear)35 b(the)f(screen,)i(then)e(redra)m(w)g(the)h +h(the)g(top)g(of)f(the)h(screen.)150 1315 y Ft(clear-screen)c(\(C-l\)) +630 1424 y Fu(Clear)35 b(the)f(screen,)i(then)e(redra)m(w)g(the)h (curren)m(t)f(line,)i(lea)m(ving)g(the)f(curren)m(t)f(line)h(at)g(the) -630 1488 y(top)c(of)f(the)h(screen.)150 1644 y Ft(redraw-current-line) -25 b(\(\))630 1753 y Fu(Refresh)30 b(the)g(curren)m(t)h(line.)41 -b(By)30 b(default,)h(this)f(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 1949 +630 1534 y(top)c(of)f(the)h(screen.)150 1713 y Ft(redraw-current-line) +25 b(\(\))630 1823 y Fu(Refresh)30 b(the)g(curren)m(t)h(line.)41 +b(By)30 b(default,)h(this)f(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 2041 y Fk(8.4.2)63 b(Commands)42 b(F)-10 b(or)41 b(Manipulating)h(The)f -(History)150 2119 y Ft(accept-line)27 b(\(Newline)h(or)i(Return\))630 -2229 y Fu(Accept)25 b(the)e(line)h(regardless)g(of)f(where)g(the)h +(History)150 2223 y Ft(accept-line)27 b(\(Newline)h(or)i(Return\))630 +2333 y Fu(Accept)25 b(the)e(line)h(regardless)g(of)f(where)g(the)h (cursor)e(is.)39 b(If)23 b(this)g(line)h(is)f(non-empt)m(y)-8 -b(,)26 b(add)c(it)630 2338 y(to)27 b(the)f(history)g(list)h(according)g +b(,)26 b(add)c(it)630 2442 y(to)27 b(the)f(history)g(list)h(according)g (to)g(the)f(setting)i(of)e(the)g Ft(HISTCONTROL)d Fu(and)j -Ft(HISTIGNORE)630 2448 y Fu(v)-5 b(ariables.)42 b(If)30 +Ft(HISTIGNORE)630 2552 y Fu(v)-5 b(ariables.)42 b(If)30 b(this)h(line)g(is)g(a)g(mo)s(di\014ed)e(history)i(line,)g(then)f -(restore)i(the)f(history)f(line)h(to)630 2558 y(its)g(original)g -(state.)150 2714 y Ft(previous-history)26 b(\(C-p\))630 -2823 y Fu(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(`bac)m(k')g(through)e(the)g(history)h(list,)g -(fetc)m(hing)g(the)g(previous)f(command.)150 2979 y Ft(next-history)d -(\(C-n\))630 3089 y Fu(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(`forw)m(ard')f(through)e(the)i +(restore)i(the)f(history)f(line)h(to)630 2662 y(its)g(original)g +(state.)150 2841 y Ft(previous-history)26 b(\(C-p\))630 +2950 y Fu(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(`bac)m(k')g(through)e(the)g(history)h(list,)g +(fetc)m(hing)g(the)g(previous)f(command.)150 3129 y Ft(next-history)d +(\(C-n\))630 3239 y Fu(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(`forw)m(ard')f(through)e(the)i (history)f(list,)i(fetc)m(hing)f(the)g(next)f(command.)150 -3245 y Ft(beginning-of-history)25 b(\(M-<\))630 3354 +3418 y Ft(beginning-of-history)25 b(\(M-<\))630 3528 y Fu(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(to)g(the)e(\014rst)g(line)g(in)h(the)f(history)-8 -b(.)150 3510 y Ft(end-of-history)26 b(\(M->\))630 3620 +b(.)150 3707 y Ft(end-of-history)26 b(\(M->\))630 3816 y Fu(Mo)m(v)m(e)32 b(to)g(the)e(end)g(of)g(the)h(input)e(history)-8 b(,)31 b(i.e.,)h(the)f(line)f(curren)m(tly)h(b)s(eing)f(en)m(tered.)150 -3776 y Ft(reverse-search-history)24 b(\(C-r\))630 3886 +3995 y Ft(reverse-search-history)24 b(\(C-r\))630 4105 y Fu(Searc)m(h)31 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)h(starting)g(at)g(the)f(curren)m(t)g (line)g(and)g(mo)m(ving)h(`up')e(through)h(the)g(his-)630 -3995 y(tory)g(as)f(necessary)-8 b(.)42 b(This)29 b(is)i(an)f(incremen)m -(tal)i(searc)m(h.)150 4151 y Ft(forward-search-history)24 -b(\(C-s\))630 4261 y Fu(Searc)m(h)44 b(forw)m(ard)f(starting)h(at)h +4215 y(tory)26 b(as)h(necessary)-8 b(.)40 b(This)25 b(is)i(an)f +(incremen)m(tal)h(searc)m(h.)40 b(This)25 b(command)h(sets)h(the)f +(region)630 4324 y(to)31 b(the)g(matc)m(hed)g(text)g(and)f(activ)-5 +b(ates)33 b(the)d(mark.)150 4503 y Ft(forward-search-history)24 +b(\(C-s\))630 4613 y Fu(Searc)m(h)44 b(forw)m(ard)f(starting)h(at)h (the)e(curren)m(t)h(line)g(and)f(mo)m(ving)h(`do)m(wn')g(through)f(the) -630 4370 y(history)30 b(as)h(necessary)-8 b(.)41 b(This)30 -b(is)g(an)h(incremen)m(tal)g(searc)m(h.)150 4526 y Ft -(non-incremental-reverse-)o(sear)o(ch-h)o(ist)o(ory)24 -b(\(M-p\))630 4636 y Fu(Searc)m(h)31 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)h(starting)g(at)g +630 4723 y(history)38 b(as)g(necessary)-8 b(.)65 b(This)38 +b(is)g(an)g(incremen)m(tal)h(searc)m(h.)65 b(This)37 +b(command)h(sets)h(the)630 4832 y(region)31 b(to)g(the)g(matc)m(hed)g +(text)g(and)f(activ)-5 b(ates)33 b(the)d(mark.)150 5011 +y Ft(non-incremental-reverse-)o(sear)o(ch-h)o(ist)o(ory)24 +b(\(M-p\))630 5121 y Fu(Searc)m(h)31 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)h(starting)g(at)g (the)f(curren)m(t)g(line)g(and)g(mo)m(ving)h(`up')e(through)h(the)g -(his-)630 4746 y(tory)36 b(as)g(necessary)h(using)e(a)i(non-incremen)m +(his-)630 5230 y(tory)36 b(as)g(necessary)h(using)e(a)i(non-incremen)m (tal)g(searc)m(h)f(for)g(a)g(string)g(supplied)f(b)m(y)h(the)630 -4855 y(user.)k(The)30 b(searc)m(h)h(string)f(ma)m(y)h(matc)m(h)g(an)m -(ywhere)g(in)f(a)h(history)f(line.)150 5011 y Ft -(non-incremental-forward-)o(sear)o(ch-h)o(ist)o(ory)24 -b(\(M-n\))630 5121 y Fu(Searc)m(h)44 b(forw)m(ard)f(starting)h(at)h -(the)e(curren)m(t)h(line)g(and)f(mo)m(ving)h(`do)m(wn')g(through)f(the) -630 5230 y(history)27 b(as)f(necessary)i(using)e(a)h(non-incremen)m -(tal)g(searc)m(h)h(for)e(a)h(string)g(supplied)e(b)m(y)i(the)630 -5340 y(user.)40 b(The)30 b(searc)m(h)h(string)f(ma)m(y)h(matc)m(h)g(an) -m(ywhere)g(in)f(a)h(history)f(line.)p eop end +5340 y(user.)k(The)30 b(searc)m(h)h(string)f(ma)m(y)h(matc)m(h)g(an)m +(ywhere)g(in)f(a)h(history)f(line.)p eop end %%Page: 129 135 TeXDict begin 129 134 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(129)150 299 y Ft -(history-search-forward)24 b(\(\))630 408 y Fu(Searc)m(h)42 -b(forw)m(ard)f(through)f(the)i(history)f(for)g(the)h(string)f(of)h(c)m -(haracters)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f(the)630 518 y(start)36 -b(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(line)i(and)e(the)h(p)s(oin)m(t.)58 -b(The)35 b(searc)m(h)i(string)e(m)m(ust)h(matc)m(h)h(at)g(the)630 -628 y(b)s(eginning)32 b(of)g(a)h(history)g(line.)47 b(This)32 -b(is)h(a)f(non-incremen)m(tal)i(searc)m(h.)48 b(By)33 -b(default,)g(this)630 737 y(command)d(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 -938 y Ft(history-search-backward)24 b(\(\))630 1048 y -Fu(Searc)m(h)35 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)g(through)f(the)h(history)g(for)g(the) -f(string)h(of)g(c)m(haracters)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(the)630 -1157 y(start)g(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(line)i(and)e(the)h(p)s(oin)m(t.) +(non-incremental-forward-)o(sear)o(ch-h)o(ist)o(ory)24 +b(\(M-n\))630 408 y Fu(Searc)m(h)44 b(forw)m(ard)f(starting)h(at)h(the) +e(curren)m(t)h(line)g(and)f(mo)m(ving)h(`do)m(wn')g(through)f(the)630 +518 y(history)27 b(as)f(necessary)i(using)e(a)h(non-incremen)m(tal)g +(searc)m(h)h(for)e(a)h(string)g(supplied)e(b)m(y)i(the)630 +628 y(user.)40 b(The)30 b(searc)m(h)h(string)f(ma)m(y)h(matc)m(h)g(an)m +(ywhere)g(in)f(a)h(history)f(line.)150 784 y Ft(history-search-forward) +24 b(\(\))630 894 y Fu(Searc)m(h)42 b(forw)m(ard)f(through)f(the)i +(history)f(for)g(the)h(string)f(of)h(c)m(haracters)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f +(the)630 1003 y(start)36 b(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(line)i(and)e(the)h +(p)s(oin)m(t.)58 b(The)35 b(searc)m(h)i(string)e(m)m(ust)h(matc)m(h)h +(at)g(the)630 1113 y(b)s(eginning)32 b(of)g(a)h(history)g(line.)47 +b(This)32 b(is)h(a)f(non-incremen)m(tal)i(searc)m(h.)48 +b(By)33 b(default,)g(this)630 1223 y(command)d(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 +1379 y Ft(history-search-backward)24 b(\(\))630 1489 +y Fu(Searc)m(h)35 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)g(through)f(the)h(history)g(for)g +(the)f(string)h(of)g(c)m(haracters)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(the)630 +1598 y(start)g(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)f(line)i(and)e(the)h(p)s(oin)m(t.) 58 b(The)35 b(searc)m(h)i(string)e(m)m(ust)h(matc)m(h)h(at)g(the)630 -1267 y(b)s(eginning)32 b(of)g(a)h(history)g(line.)47 +1708 y(b)s(eginning)32 b(of)g(a)h(history)g(line.)47 b(This)32 b(is)h(a)f(non-incremen)m(tal)i(searc)m(h.)48 -b(By)33 b(default,)g(this)630 1377 y(command)d(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 -1577 y Ft(history-substring-search)o(-for)o(ward)24 b(\(\))630 -1687 y Fu(Searc)m(h)42 b(forw)m(ard)f(through)f(the)i(history)f(for)g +b(By)33 b(default,)g(this)630 1817 y(command)d(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 +1974 y Ft(history-substring-search)o(-for)o(ward)24 b(\(\))630 +2084 y Fu(Searc)m(h)42 b(forw)m(ard)f(through)f(the)i(history)f(for)g (the)h(string)f(of)h(c)m(haracters)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)f(the)630 -1797 y(start)29 b(of)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g(line)g(and)f(the)h(p)s(oin)m +2193 y(start)29 b(of)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g(line)g(and)f(the)h(p)s(oin)m (t.)40 b(The)29 b(searc)m(h)g(string)g(ma)m(y)g(matc)m(h)h(an)m(ywhere) -630 1906 y(in)i(a)h(history)g(line.)47 b(This)32 b(is)g(a)h +630 2303 y(in)i(a)h(history)g(line.)47 b(This)32 b(is)g(a)h (non-incremen)m(tal)h(searc)m(h.)47 b(By)33 b(default,)h(this)e -(command)630 2016 y(is)e(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 2217 y Ft +(command)630 2412 y(is)e(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 2569 y Ft (history-substring-search)o(-bac)o(kwar)o(d)24 b(\(\))630 -2326 y Fu(Searc)m(h)35 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)g(through)f(the)h(history)g +2679 y Fu(Searc)m(h)35 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)g(through)f(the)h(history)g (for)g(the)f(string)h(of)g(c)m(haracters)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(the)630 -2436 y(start)29 b(of)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g(line)g(and)f(the)h(p)s(oin)m +2788 y(start)29 b(of)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g(line)g(and)f(the)h(p)s(oin)m (t.)40 b(The)29 b(searc)m(h)g(string)g(ma)m(y)g(matc)m(h)h(an)m(ywhere) -630 2545 y(in)i(a)h(history)g(line.)47 b(This)32 b(is)g(a)h +630 2898 y(in)i(a)h(history)g(line.)47 b(This)32 b(is)g(a)h (non-incremen)m(tal)h(searc)m(h.)47 b(By)33 b(default,)h(this)e -(command)630 2655 y(is)e(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 2856 y Ft(yank-nth-arg)d -(\(M-C-y\))630 2966 y Fu(Insert)37 b(the)g(\014rst)f(argumen)m(t)i(to)f +(command)630 3007 y(is)e(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 3164 y Ft(yank-nth-arg)d +(\(M-C-y\))630 3273 y Fu(Insert)37 b(the)g(\014rst)f(argumen)m(t)i(to)f (the)h(previous)e(command)h(\(usually)g(the)g(second)g(w)m(ord)630 -3075 y(on)32 b(the)g(previous)f(line\))i(at)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)46 +3383 y(on)32 b(the)g(previous)f(line\))i(at)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)46 b(With)32 b(an)g(argumen)m(t)g Fr(n)p Fu(,)g(insert)g(the)g -Fr(n)p Fu(th)f(w)m(ord)g(from)630 3185 y(the)k(previous)f(command)h +Fr(n)p Fu(th)f(w)m(ord)g(from)630 3493 y(the)k(previous)f(command)h (\(the)g(w)m(ords)g(in)f(the)h(previous)g(command)f(b)s(egin)h(with)f -(w)m(ord)630 3294 y(0\).)69 b(A)40 b(negativ)m(e)h(argumen)m(t)f +(w)m(ord)630 3602 y(0\).)69 b(A)40 b(negativ)m(e)h(argumen)m(t)f (inserts)g(the)f Fr(n)p Fu(th)g(w)m(ord)g(from)g(the)h(end)f(of)h(the)f -(previous)630 3404 y(command.)48 b(Once)33 b(the)g(argumen)m(t)h +(previous)630 3712 y(command.)48 b(Once)33 b(the)g(argumen)m(t)h Fr(n)e Fu(is)h(computed,)h(the)f(argumen)m(t)g(is)g(extracted)i(as)e -(if)630 3513 y(the)e(`)p Ft(!)p Fj(n)p Fu(')f(history)g(expansion)g -(had)g(b)s(een)g(sp)s(eci\014ed.)150 3714 y Ft(yank-last-arg)d(\(M-.)i -(or)h(M-_\))630 3824 y Fu(Insert)k(last)i(argumen)m(t)g(to)g(the)f +(if)630 3821 y(the)e(`)p Ft(!)p Fj(n)p Fu(')f(history)g(expansion)g +(had)g(b)s(een)g(sp)s(eci\014ed.)150 3978 y Ft(yank-last-arg)d(\(M-.)i +(or)h(M-_\))630 4088 y Fu(Insert)k(last)i(argumen)m(t)g(to)g(the)f (previous)f(command)h(\(the)h(last)f(w)m(ord)g(of)g(the)g(previous)630 -3934 y(history)e(en)m(try\).)51 b(With)34 b(a)g(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m +4197 y(history)e(en)m(try\).)51 b(With)34 b(a)g(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m (t,)h(b)s(eha)m(v)m(e)f(exactly)h(lik)m(e)g Ft(yank-nth-arg)p -Fu(.)630 4043 y(Successiv)m(e)26 b(calls)g(to)f Ft(yank-last-arg)c +Fu(.)630 4307 y(Successiv)m(e)26 b(calls)g(to)f Ft(yank-last-arg)c Fu(mo)m(v)m(e)27 b(bac)m(k)e(through)f(the)h(history)g(list,)i -(inserting)630 4153 y(the)c(last)g(w)m(ord)f(\(or)h(the)g(w)m(ord)f(sp) +(inserting)630 4416 y(the)c(last)g(w)m(ord)f(\(or)h(the)g(w)m(ord)f(sp) s(eci\014ed)g(b)m(y)g(the)h(argumen)m(t)g(to)g(the)g(\014rst)f(call\))i -(of)f(eac)m(h)h(line)630 4262 y(in)36 b(turn.)58 b(An)m(y)36 +(of)f(eac)m(h)h(line)630 4526 y(in)36 b(turn.)58 b(An)m(y)36 b(n)m(umeric)h(argumen)m(t)f(supplied)g(to)h(these)g(successiv)m(e)g -(calls)h(determines)630 4372 y(the)d(direction)g(to)h(mo)m(v)m(e)g +(calls)h(determines)630 4635 y(the)d(direction)g(to)h(mo)m(v)m(e)g (through)e(the)h(history)-8 b(.)54 b(A)35 b(negativ)m(e)i(argumen)m(t)e -(switc)m(hes)h(the)630 4482 y(direction)23 b(through)g(the)g(history)f +(switc)m(hes)h(the)630 4745 y(direction)23 b(through)g(the)g(history)f (\(bac)m(k)i(or)f(forw)m(ard\).)38 b(The)22 b(history)h(expansion)g -(facilities)630 4591 y(are)28 b(used)f(to)h(extract)h(the)f(last)g +(facilities)630 4855 y(are)28 b(used)f(to)h(extract)h(the)f(last)g (argumen)m(t,)h(as)e(if)h(the)g(`)p Ft(!$)p Fu(')f(history)g(expansion) -h(had)f(b)s(een)630 4701 y(sp)s(eci\014ed.)150 4902 y -Ft(operate-and-get-next)e(\(C-o\))630 5011 y Fu(Accept)30 +h(had)f(b)s(een)630 4964 y(sp)s(eci\014ed.)150 5121 y +Ft(operate-and-get-next)e(\(C-o\))630 5230 y Fu(Accept)30 b(the)g(curren)m(t)e(line)i(for)f(return)f(to)h(the)h(calling)g -(application)h(as)e(if)g(a)h(newline)f(had)630 5121 y(b)s(een)22 +(application)h(as)e(if)g(a)h(newline)f(had)630 5340 y(b)s(een)22 b(en)m(tered,)k(and)d(fetc)m(h)h(the)f(next)g(line)h(relativ)m(e)h(to)f -(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line)h(from)f(the)g(history)630 5230 -y(for)31 b(editing.)43 b(A)31 b(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t,)i(if)f -(supplied,)f(sp)s(eci\014es)h(the)g(history)f(en)m(try)i(to)f(use)630 -5340 y(instead)g(of)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(line.)p eop +(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line)h(from)f(the)g(history)p eop end %%Page: 130 136 TeXDict begin 130 135 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 -b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(130)150 299 y Fk(8.4.3)63 -b(Commands)42 b(F)-10 b(or)41 b(Changing)g(T)-10 b(ext)150 -470 y Fj(end-of-file)27 b Ft(\(usually)h(C-d\))630 580 -y Fu(The)e(c)m(haracter)h(indicating)h(end-of-\014le)e(as)h(set,)g(for) -f(example,)i(b)m(y)e Ft(stty)p Fu(.)39 b(If)25 b(this)h(c)m(harac-)630 -689 y(ter)c(is)g(read)g(when)e(there)i(are)h(no)e(c)m(haracters)j(on)d -(the)h(line,)i(and)d(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)g(at)h(the)f(b)s(eginning)630 -799 y(of)31 b(the)f(line,)h(Readline)g(in)m(terprets)g(it)g(as)f(the)h -(end)f(of)g(input)f(and)h(returns)f Fm(eof)p Fu(.)150 -957 y Ft(delete-char)e(\(C-d\))630 1067 y Fu(Delete)35 +b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(130)630 299 y(for)31 +b(editing.)43 b(A)31 b(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t,)i(if)f(supplied,)f(sp) +s(eci\014es)h(the)g(history)f(en)m(try)i(to)f(use)630 +408 y(instead)g(of)f(the)h(curren)m(t)f(line.)150 605 +y Fk(8.4.3)63 b(Commands)42 b(F)-10 b(or)41 b(Changing)g(T)-10 +b(ext)150 775 y Fj(end-of-file)27 b Ft(\(usually)h(C-d\))630 +885 y Fu(The)e(c)m(haracter)h(indicating)h(end-of-\014le)e(as)h(set,)g +(for)f(example,)i(b)m(y)e Ft(stty)p Fu(.)39 b(If)25 b(this)h(c)m +(harac-)630 995 y(ter)c(is)g(read)g(when)e(there)i(are)h(no)e(c)m +(haracters)j(on)d(the)h(line,)i(and)d(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)g(at)h(the)f(b)s +(eginning)630 1104 y(of)31 b(the)f(line,)h(Readline)g(in)m(terprets)g +(it)g(as)f(the)h(end)f(of)g(input)f(and)h(returns)f Fm(eof)p +Fu(.)150 1261 y Ft(delete-char)e(\(C-d\))630 1370 y Fu(Delete)35 b(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(at)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)49 b(If)33 b(this)g(function)g -(is)g(b)s(ound)e(to)j(the)g(same)f(c)m(haracter)630 1176 +(is)g(b)s(ound)e(to)j(the)g(same)f(c)m(haracter)630 1480 y(as)e(the)f(tt)m(y)i Fm(eof)d Fu(c)m(haracter,)j(as)f Fj(C-d)e Fu(commonly)i(is,)g(see)g(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)h(for)e(the)g -(e\013ects.)150 1335 y Ft(backward-delete-char)25 b(\(Rubout\))630 -1444 y Fu(Delete)32 b(the)f(c)m(haracter)g(b)s(ehind)e(the)h(cursor.)40 +(e\013ects.)150 1637 y Ft(backward-delete-char)25 b(\(Rubout\))630 +1746 y Fu(Delete)32 b(the)f(c)m(haracter)g(b)s(ehind)e(the)h(cursor.)40 b(A)30 b(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)h(means)f(to)h(kill)g(the)630 -1554 y(c)m(haracters)h(instead)e(of)h(deleting)g(them.)150 -1712 y Ft(forward-backward-delete-)o(char)24 b(\(\))630 -1822 y Fu(Delete)40 b(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(under)c(the)j(cursor,)h +1856 y(c)m(haracters)h(instead)e(of)h(deleting)g(them.)150 +2013 y Ft(forward-backward-delete-)o(char)24 b(\(\))630 +2122 y Fu(Delete)40 b(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(under)c(the)j(cursor,)h (unless)d(the)i(cursor)e(is)h(at)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)630 -1931 y(line,)33 b(in)e(whic)m(h)g(case)i(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(b)s +2232 y(line,)33 b(in)e(whic)m(h)g(case)i(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(b)s (ehind)d(the)i(cursor)f(is)g(deleted.)46 b(By)32 b(default,)g(this)630 -2041 y(is)e(not)h(b)s(ound)d(to)j(a)g(k)m(ey)-8 b(.)150 -2199 y Ft(quoted-insert)27 b(\(C-q)i(or)h(C-v\))630 2308 +2341 y(is)e(not)h(b)s(ound)d(to)j(a)g(k)m(ey)-8 b(.)150 +2498 y Ft(quoted-insert)27 b(\(C-q)i(or)h(C-v\))630 2608 y Fu(Add)j(the)i(next)f(c)m(haracter)i(t)m(yp)s(ed)e(to)h(the)f(line)h (v)m(erbatim.)53 b(This)33 b(is)i(ho)m(w)f(to)h(insert)f(k)m(ey)630 -2418 y(sequences)d(lik)m(e)g Fj(C-q)p Fu(,)f(for)g(example.)150 -2576 y Ft(self-insert)d(\(a,)j(b,)g(A,)f(1,)h(!,)g(...)o(\))630 -2686 y Fu(Insert)g(y)m(ourself.)150 2844 y Ft(bracketed-paste-begin)25 -b(\(\))630 2954 y Fu(This)f(function)h(is)f(in)m(tended)h(to)h(b)s(e)e +2717 y(sequences)d(lik)m(e)g Fj(C-q)p Fu(,)f(for)g(example.)150 +2874 y Ft(self-insert)d(\(a,)j(b,)g(A,)f(1,)h(!,)g(...)o(\))630 +2983 y Fu(Insert)g(y)m(ourself.)150 3140 y Ft(bracketed-paste-begin)25 +b(\(\))630 3250 y Fu(This)f(function)h(is)f(in)m(tended)h(to)h(b)s(e)e (b)s(ound)f(to)i(the)g Ft(")p Fu(brac)m(k)m(eted)h(paste)p -Ft(")f Fu(escap)s(e)h(sequence)630 3063 y(sen)m(t)38 +Ft(")f Fu(escap)s(e)h(sequence)630 3359 y(sen)m(t)38 b(b)m(y)f(some)h(terminals,)i(and)d(suc)m(h)g(a)h(binding)e(is)i (assigned)f(b)m(y)h(default.)62 b(It)38 b(allo)m(ws)630 -3173 y(Readline)33 b(to)g(insert)g(the)f(pasted)h(text)g(as)g(a)g +3469 y(Readline)33 b(to)g(insert)g(the)f(pasted)h(text)g(as)g(a)g (single)g(unit)f(without)h(treating)h(eac)m(h)f(c)m(har-)630 -3282 y(acter)40 b(as)f(if)g(it)g(had)f(b)s(een)g(read)h(from)f(the)h(k) +3578 y(acter)40 b(as)f(if)g(it)g(had)f(b)s(een)g(read)h(from)f(the)h(k) m(eyb)s(oard.)66 b(The)39 b(c)m(haracters)h(are)f(inserted)630 -3392 y(as)44 b(if)g(eac)m(h)i(one)e(w)m(as)g(b)s(ound)e(to)j +3688 y(as)44 b(if)g(eac)m(h)i(one)e(w)m(as)g(b)s(ound)e(to)j Ft(self-insert)c Fu(instead)j(of)h(executing)g(an)m(y)f(editing)630 -3502 y(commands.)150 3660 y Ft(transpose-chars)26 b(\(C-t\))630 -3769 y Fu(Drag)33 b(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(b)s(efore)f(the)g(cursor)f -(forw)m(ard)h(o)m(v)m(er)h(the)f(c)m(haracter)i(at)e(the)g(cursor,)630 -3879 y(mo)m(ving)k(the)g(cursor)f(forw)m(ard)g(as)g(w)m(ell.)57 -b(If)35 b(the)h(insertion)g(p)s(oin)m(t)f(is)g(at)i(the)e(end)g(of)h -(the)630 3989 y(line,)24 b(then)e(this)g(transp)s(oses)f(the)h(last)h -(t)m(w)m(o)g(c)m(haracters)g(of)f(the)h(line.)38 b(Negativ)m(e)25 -b(argumen)m(ts)630 4098 y(ha)m(v)m(e)32 b(no)e(e\013ect.)150 -4256 y Ft(transpose-words)c(\(M-t\))630 4366 y Fu(Drag)33 -b(the)g(w)m(ord)f(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t)g(past)g(the)h(w)m(ord)f -(after)g(p)s(oin)m(t,)i(mo)m(ving)f(p)s(oin)m(t)f(past)g(that)630 -4476 y(w)m(ord)c(as)h(w)m(ell.)41 b(If)27 b(the)i(insertion)f(p)s(oin)m -(t)h(is)f(at)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)f(line,)i(this)e(transp)s(oses)g -(the)630 4585 y(last)j(t)m(w)m(o)h(w)m(ords)e(on)g(the)h(line.)150 -4743 y Ft(upcase-word)c(\(M-u\))630 4853 y Fu(Upp)s(ercase)32 -b(the)g(curren)m(t)g(\(or)g(follo)m(wing\))i(w)m(ord.)45 -b(With)32 b(a)g(negativ)m(e)j(argumen)m(t,)e(upp)s(er-)630 -4963 y(case)e(the)g(previous)f(w)m(ord,)g(but)g(do)g(not)h(mo)m(v)m(e)h -(the)e(cursor.)150 5121 y Ft(downcase-word)d(\(M-l\))630 -5230 y Fu(Lo)m(w)m(ercase)c(the)f(curren)m(t)f(\(or)h(follo)m(wing\))i -(w)m(ord.)37 b(With)22 b(a)g(negativ)m(e)i(argumen)m(t,)g(lo)m(w)m -(ercase)630 5340 y(the)31 b(previous)e(w)m(ord,)i(but)e(do)i(not)f(mo)m -(v)m(e)i(the)f(cursor.)p eop end +3798 y(commands.)630 3931 y(Brac)m(k)m(eted)38 b(paste)f(sets)f(the)h +(region)f(\(the)h(c)m(haracters)g(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(p)s(oin)m(t)f(and) +g(the)g(mark\))630 4040 y(to)j(the)g(inserted)f(text.)65 +b(It)39 b(uses)f(the)g(concept)h(of)g(an)f Fl(active)i(mark)10 +b Fu(:)57 b(when)38 b(the)g(mark)630 4150 y(is)d(activ)m(e,)k(Readline) +c(redispla)m(y)h(uses)e(the)h(terminal's)h(standout)f(mo)s(de)f(to)i +(denote)g(the)630 4260 y(region.)150 4416 y Ft(transpose-chars)26 +b(\(C-t\))630 4526 y Fu(Drag)33 b(the)f(c)m(haracter)h(b)s(efore)f(the) +g(cursor)f(forw)m(ard)h(o)m(v)m(er)h(the)f(c)m(haracter)i(at)e(the)g +(cursor,)630 4635 y(mo)m(ving)k(the)g(cursor)f(forw)m(ard)g(as)g(w)m +(ell.)57 b(If)35 b(the)h(insertion)g(p)s(oin)m(t)f(is)g(at)i(the)e(end) +g(of)h(the)630 4745 y(line,)24 b(then)e(this)g(transp)s(oses)f(the)h +(last)h(t)m(w)m(o)g(c)m(haracters)g(of)f(the)h(line.)38 +b(Negativ)m(e)25 b(argumen)m(ts)630 4855 y(ha)m(v)m(e)32 +b(no)e(e\013ect.)150 5011 y Ft(transpose-words)c(\(M-t\))630 +5121 y Fu(Drag)33 b(the)g(w)m(ord)f(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t)g(past)g +(the)h(w)m(ord)f(after)g(p)s(oin)m(t,)i(mo)m(ving)f(p)s(oin)m(t)f(past) +g(that)630 5230 y(w)m(ord)c(as)h(w)m(ell.)41 b(If)27 +b(the)i(insertion)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)f(at)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)f +(line,)i(this)e(transp)s(oses)g(the)630 5340 y(last)j(t)m(w)m(o)h(w)m +(ords)e(on)g(the)h(line.)p eop end %%Page: 131 137 TeXDict begin 131 136 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 -b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(131)150 299 y Ft(capitalize-word) -26 b(\(M-c\))630 408 y Fu(Capitalize)d(the)f(curren)m(t)f(\(or)g(follo) -m(wing\))i(w)m(ord.)38 b(With)21 b(a)h(negativ)m(e)h(argumen)m(t,)h -(capitalize)630 518 y(the)31 b(previous)e(w)m(ord,)i(but)e(do)i(not)f -(mo)m(v)m(e)i(the)f(cursor.)150 674 y Ft(overwrite-mode)26 -b(\(\))630 784 y Fu(T)-8 b(oggle)35 b(o)m(v)m(erwrite)g(mo)s(de.)48 +b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(131)150 299 y Ft(upcase-word)27 +b(\(M-u\))630 408 y Fu(Upp)s(ercase)32 b(the)g(curren)m(t)g(\(or)g +(follo)m(wing\))i(w)m(ord.)45 b(With)32 b(a)g(negativ)m(e)j(argumen)m +(t,)e(upp)s(er-)630 518 y(case)e(the)g(previous)f(w)m(ord,)g(but)g(do)g +(not)h(mo)m(v)m(e)h(the)e(cursor.)150 665 y Ft(downcase-word)d(\(M-l\)) +630 775 y Fu(Lo)m(w)m(ercase)c(the)f(curren)m(t)f(\(or)h(follo)m +(wing\))i(w)m(ord.)37 b(With)22 b(a)g(negativ)m(e)i(argumen)m(t,)g(lo)m +(w)m(ercase)630 884 y(the)31 b(previous)e(w)m(ord,)i(but)e(do)i(not)f +(mo)m(v)m(e)i(the)f(cursor.)150 1032 y Ft(capitalize-word)26 +b(\(M-c\))630 1141 y Fu(Capitalize)d(the)f(curren)m(t)f(\(or)g(follo)m +(wing\))i(w)m(ord.)38 b(With)21 b(a)h(negativ)m(e)h(argumen)m(t,)h +(capitalize)630 1251 y(the)31 b(previous)e(w)m(ord,)i(but)e(do)i(not)f +(mo)m(v)m(e)i(the)f(cursor.)150 1398 y Ft(overwrite-mode)26 +b(\(\))630 1508 y Fu(T)-8 b(oggle)35 b(o)m(v)m(erwrite)g(mo)s(de.)48 b(With)33 b(an)g(explicit)h(p)s(ositiv)m(e)g(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t,) -h(switc)m(hes)630 893 y(to)22 b(o)m(v)m(erwrite)i(mo)s(de.)37 +h(switc)m(hes)630 1617 y(to)22 b(o)m(v)m(erwrite)i(mo)s(de.)37 b(With)22 b(an)g(explicit)h(non-p)s(ositiv)m(e)f(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m -(t,)i(switc)m(hes)e(to)630 1003 y(insert)30 b(mo)s(de.)41 +(t,)i(switc)m(hes)e(to)630 1727 y(insert)30 b(mo)s(de.)41 b(This)30 b(command)h(a\013ects)h(only)e Ft(emacs)f Fu(mo)s(de;)i -Ft(vi)f Fu(mo)s(de)g(do)s(es)g(o)m(v)m(erwrite)630 1112 +Ft(vi)f Fu(mo)s(de)g(do)s(es)g(o)m(v)m(erwrite)630 1837 y(di\013eren)m(tly)-8 b(.)42 b(Eac)m(h)31 b(call)h(to)f Ft(readline\(\))c Fu(starts)k(in)f(insert)g(mo)s(de.)630 -1245 y(In)52 b(o)m(v)m(erwrite)h(mo)s(de,)58 b(c)m(haracters)c(b)s +1965 y(In)52 b(o)m(v)m(erwrite)h(mo)s(de,)58 b(c)m(haracters)c(b)s (ound)c(to)j Ft(self-insert)c Fu(replace)k(the)g(text)g(at)630 -1355 y(p)s(oin)m(t)59 b(rather)f(than)h(pushing)e(the)i(text)g(to)h +2075 y(p)s(oin)m(t)59 b(rather)f(than)h(pushing)e(the)i(text)g(to)h (the)f(righ)m(t.)126 b(Characters)59 b(b)s(ound)d(to)630 -1464 y Ft(backward-delete-char)25 b Fu(replace)31 b(the)g(c)m(haracter) -h(b)s(efore)e(p)s(oin)m(t)g(with)g(a)h(space.)630 1597 +2184 y Ft(backward-delete-char)25 b Fu(replace)31 b(the)g(c)m(haracter) +h(b)s(efore)e(p)s(oin)m(t)g(with)g(a)h(space.)630 2313 y(By)g(default,)f(this)h(command)f(is)g(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 -1793 y Fk(8.4.4)63 b(Killing)42 b(And)e(Y)-10 b(anking)150 -1963 y Ft(kill-line)28 b(\(C-k\))630 2073 y Fu(Kill)j(the)f(text)i -(from)e(p)s(oin)m(t)g(to)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)f(line.)150 -2229 y Ft(backward-kill-line)25 b(\(C-x)30 b(Rubout\))630 -2338 y Fu(Kill)h(bac)m(kw)m(ard)g(from)e(the)i(cursor)f(to)h(the)f(b)s -(eginning)g(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line.)150 2494 y -Ft(unix-line-discard)c(\(C-u\))630 2604 y Fu(Kill)31 -b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)g(from)e(the)i(cursor)f(to)h(the)f(b)s(eginning)g(of)h -(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line.)150 2760 y Ft(kill-whole-line)c(\(\))630 -2870 y Fu(Kill)37 b(all)g(c)m(haracters)h(on)f(the)f(curren)m(t)h -(line,)h(no)f(matter)g(where)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is.)59 b(By)36 -b(default,)630 2979 y(this)30 b(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 -3135 y Ft(kill-word)d(\(M-d\))630 3245 y Fu(Kill)i(from)f(p)s(oin)m(t)g -(to)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)f(curren)m(t)h(w)m(ord,)f(or)g(if)h(b)s(et)m -(w)m(een)g(w)m(ords,)f(to)h(the)g(end)630 3354 y(of)h(the)f(next)h(w)m -(ord.)40 b(W)-8 b(ord)31 b(b)s(oundaries)e(are)h(the)h(same)g(as)f -Ft(forward-word)p Fu(.)150 3510 y Ft(backward-kill-word)25 -b(\(M-DEL\))630 3620 y Fu(Kill)k(the)g(w)m(ord)g(b)s(ehind)e(p)s(oin)m -(t.)40 b(W)-8 b(ord)29 b(b)s(oundaries)f(are)h(the)g(same)g(as)g -Ft(backward-word)p Fu(.)150 3776 y Ft(shell-kill-word)d(\(M-C-d\))630 -3886 y Fu(Kill)k(from)f(p)s(oin)m(t)g(to)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)f +2500 y Fk(8.4.4)63 b(Killing)42 b(And)e(Y)-10 b(anking)150 +2665 y Ft(kill-line)28 b(\(C-k\))630 2775 y Fu(Kill)k(the)f(text)i +(from)d(p)s(oin)m(t)i(to)g(the)f(end)g(of)g(the)h(line.)44 +b(With)31 b(a)h(negativ)m(e)i(n)m(umeric)d(argu-)630 +2885 y(men)m(t,)g(kill)g(bac)m(kw)m(ard)g(from)f(the)g(cursor)g(to)h +(the)g(b)s(eginning)e(of)i(the)g(curren)m(t)f(line.)150 +3032 y Ft(backward-kill-line)25 b(\(C-x)30 b(Rubout\))630 +3141 y Fu(Kill)40 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)h(from)e(the)h(cursor)g(to)g(the)g +(b)s(eginning)g(of)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f(line.)70 b(With)41 +b(a)630 3251 y(negativ)m(e)47 b(n)m(umeric)e(argumen)m(t,)50 +b(kill)c(forw)m(ard)e(from)h(the)g(cursor)g(to)h(the)f(end)f(of)i(the) +630 3361 y(curren)m(t)30 b(line.)150 3508 y Ft(unix-line-discard)c +(\(C-u\))630 3617 y Fu(Kill)31 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)g(from)e(the)i(cursor)f +(to)h(the)f(b)s(eginning)g(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)g(line.)150 +3765 y Ft(kill-whole-line)c(\(\))630 3874 y Fu(Kill)37 +b(all)g(c)m(haracters)h(on)f(the)f(curren)m(t)h(line,)h(no)f(matter)g +(where)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is.)59 b(By)36 b(default,)630 +3984 y(this)30 b(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 4131 y Ft(kill-word)d(\(M-d\)) +630 4241 y Fu(Kill)i(from)f(p)s(oin)m(t)g(to)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)f +(curren)m(t)h(w)m(ord,)f(or)g(if)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(w)m(ords,)f(to)h +(the)g(end)630 4350 y(of)h(the)f(next)h(w)m(ord.)40 b(W)-8 +b(ord)31 b(b)s(oundaries)e(are)h(the)h(same)g(as)f Ft(forward-word)p +Fu(.)150 4498 y Ft(backward-kill-word)25 b(\(M-DEL\))630 +4607 y Fu(Kill)k(the)g(w)m(ord)g(b)s(ehind)e(p)s(oin)m(t.)40 +b(W)-8 b(ord)29 b(b)s(oundaries)f(are)h(the)g(same)g(as)g +Ft(backward-word)p Fu(.)150 4754 y Ft(shell-kill-word)d(\(M-C-d\))630 +4864 y Fu(Kill)k(from)f(p)s(oin)m(t)g(to)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)f (curren)m(t)h(w)m(ord,)f(or)g(if)h(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)g(w)m(ords,)f(to)h -(the)g(end)630 3995 y(of)h(the)f(next)h(w)m(ord.)40 b(W)-8 +(the)g(end)630 4974 y(of)h(the)f(next)h(w)m(ord.)40 b(W)-8 b(ord)31 b(b)s(oundaries)e(are)h(the)h(same)g(as)f Ft -(shell-forward-word)p Fu(.)150 4151 y Ft(shell-backward-kill-word)24 -b(\(\))630 4261 y Fu(Kill)e(the)h(w)m(ord)e(b)s(ehind)g(p)s(oin)m(t.)38 +(shell-forward-word)p Fu(.)150 5121 y Ft(shell-backward-kill-word)24 +b(\(\))630 5230 y Fu(Kill)e(the)h(w)m(ord)e(b)s(ehind)g(p)s(oin)m(t.)38 b(W)-8 b(ord)22 b(b)s(oundaries)f(are)h(the)g(same)h(as)f -Ft(shell-backward-)630 4370 y(word)p Fu(.)150 4526 y -Ft(shell-transpose-words)j(\(M-C-t\))630 4636 y Fu(Drag)33 +Ft(shell-backward-)630 5340 y(word)p Fu(.)p eop end +%%Page: 132 138 +TeXDict begin 132 137 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 +b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(132)150 299 y Ft +(shell-transpose-words)25 b(\(M-C-t\))630 408 y Fu(Drag)33 b(the)g(w)m(ord)f(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t)g(past)g(the)h(w)m(ord)f (after)g(p)s(oin)m(t,)i(mo)m(ving)f(p)s(oin)m(t)f(past)g(that)630 -4746 y(w)m(ord)c(as)h(w)m(ell.)41 b(If)27 b(the)i(insertion)f(p)s(oin)m +518 y(w)m(ord)c(as)h(w)m(ell.)41 b(If)27 b(the)i(insertion)f(p)s(oin)m (t)h(is)f(at)h(the)g(end)e(of)i(the)f(line,)i(this)e(transp)s(oses)g -(the)630 4855 y(last)j(t)m(w)m(o)h(w)m(ords)d(on)i(the)f(line.)41 +(the)630 628 y(last)j(t)m(w)m(o)h(w)m(ords)d(on)i(the)f(line.)41 b(W)-8 b(ord)31 b(b)s(oundaries)e(are)h(the)h(same)f(as)h -Ft(shell-forward-)630 4965 y(word)e Fu(and)h Ft(shell-backward-word)p -Fu(.)150 5121 y Ft(unix-word-rubout)c(\(C-w\))630 5230 +Ft(shell-forward-)630 737 y(word)e Fu(and)h Ft(shell-backward-word)p +Fu(.)150 897 y Ft(unix-word-rubout)c(\(C-w\))630 1007 y Fu(Kill)32 b(the)g(w)m(ord)f(b)s(ehind)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)i(using)f (white)h(space)g(as)g(a)g(w)m(ord)f(b)s(oundary)-8 b(.)43 -b(The)31 b(killed)630 5340 y(text)g(is)g(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(on)g(the)f -(kill-ring.)p eop end -%%Page: 132 138 -TeXDict begin 132 137 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 -b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(132)150 299 y Ft -(unix-filename-rubout)25 b(\(\))630 408 y Fu(Kill)37 -b(the)f(w)m(ord)g(b)s(ehind)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)j(using)e(white)g(space)h -(and)f(the)g(slash)g(c)m(haracter)i(as)f(the)630 518 -y(w)m(ord)30 b(b)s(oundaries.)39 b(The)30 b(killed)h(text)g(is)g(sa)m -(v)m(ed)g(on)g(the)f(kill-ring.)150 673 y Ft(delete-horizontal-space)24 -b(\(\))630 783 y Fu(Delete)33 b(all)e(spaces)g(and)e(tabs)i(around)e(p) -s(oin)m(t.)41 b(By)31 b(default,)f(this)h(is)f(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 -938 y Ft(kill-region)d(\(\))630 1048 y Fu(Kill)k(the)f(text)i(in)e(the) -g(curren)m(t)h(region.)41 b(By)31 b(default,)f(this)h(command)f(is)g -(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 1203 y Ft(copy-region-as-kill)25 -b(\(\))630 1313 y Fu(Cop)m(y)34 b(the)g(text)h(in)f(the)g(region)g(to)h -(the)f(kill)h(bu\013er,)f(so)g(it)h(can)f(b)s(e)f(y)m(ank)m(ed)i(righ)m -(t)f(a)m(w)m(a)m(y)-8 b(.)630 1422 y(By)31 b(default,)f(this)h(command) -f(is)g(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 1578 y Ft(copy-backward-word)25 -b(\(\))630 1687 y Fu(Cop)m(y)38 b(the)h(w)m(ord)f(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m +b(The)31 b(killed)630 1116 y(text)g(is)g(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(on)g(the)f +(kill-ring.)150 1277 y Ft(unix-filename-rubout)25 b(\(\))630 +1386 y Fu(Kill)37 b(the)f(w)m(ord)g(b)s(ehind)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)j(using)e +(white)g(space)h(and)f(the)g(slash)g(c)m(haracter)i(as)f(the)630 +1496 y(w)m(ord)30 b(b)s(oundaries.)39 b(The)30 b(killed)h(text)g(is)g +(sa)m(v)m(ed)g(on)g(the)f(kill-ring.)150 1656 y Ft +(delete-horizontal-space)24 b(\(\))630 1765 y Fu(Delete)33 +b(all)e(spaces)g(and)e(tabs)i(around)e(p)s(oin)m(t.)41 +b(By)31 b(default,)f(this)h(is)f(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 1925 +y Ft(kill-region)d(\(\))630 2035 y Fu(Kill)k(the)f(text)i(in)e(the)g +(curren)m(t)h(region.)41 b(By)31 b(default,)f(this)h(command)f(is)g(un) +m(b)s(ound.)150 2195 y Ft(copy-region-as-kill)25 b(\(\))630 +2305 y Fu(Cop)m(y)34 b(the)g(text)h(in)f(the)g(region)g(to)h(the)f +(kill)h(bu\013er,)f(so)g(it)h(can)f(b)s(e)f(y)m(ank)m(ed)i(righ)m(t)f +(a)m(w)m(a)m(y)-8 b(.)630 2414 y(By)31 b(default,)f(this)h(command)f +(is)g(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 2574 y Ft(copy-backward-word)25 +b(\(\))630 2684 y Fu(Cop)m(y)38 b(the)h(w)m(ord)f(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m (t)g(to)i(the)e(kill)h(bu\013er.)64 b(The)38 b(w)m(ord)g(b)s(oundaries) -f(are)i(the)630 1797 y(same)31 b(as)f Ft(backward-word)p +f(are)i(the)630 2793 y(same)31 b(as)f Ft(backward-word)p Fu(.)38 b(By)30 b(default,)h(this)f(command)g(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 -1952 y Ft(copy-forward-word)26 b(\(\))630 2062 y Fu(Cop)m(y)31 +2953 y Ft(copy-forward-word)26 b(\(\))630 3063 y Fu(Cop)m(y)31 b(the)g(w)m(ord)g(follo)m(wing)h(p)s(oin)m(t)f(to)h(the)f(kill)h (bu\013er.)42 b(The)30 b(w)m(ord)h(b)s(oundaries)e(are)j(the)630 -2171 y(same)f(as)f Ft(forward-word)p Fu(.)38 b(By)30 +3173 y(same)f(as)f Ft(forward-word)p Fu(.)38 b(By)30 b(default,)h(this)g(command)f(is)g(un)m(b)s(ound.)150 -2327 y Ft(yank)f(\(C-y\))630 2436 y Fu(Y)-8 b(ank)31 +3333 y Ft(yank)f(\(C-y\))630 3442 y Fu(Y)-8 b(ank)31 b(the)f(top)h(of)g(the)f(kill)h(ring)f(in)m(to)i(the)e(bu\013er)g(at)h -(p)s(oin)m(t.)150 2592 y Ft(yank-pop)d(\(M-y\))630 2701 +(p)s(oin)m(t.)150 3602 y Ft(yank-pop)d(\(M-y\))630 3712 y Fu(Rotate)36 b(the)f(kill-ring,)i(and)d(y)m(ank)h(the)f(new)g(top.)54 b(Y)-8 b(ou)35 b(can)g(only)f(do)h(this)f(if)h(the)g(prior)630 -2811 y(command)30 b(is)h Ft(yank)e Fu(or)h Ft(yank-pop)p -Fu(.)150 3006 y Fk(8.4.5)63 b(Sp)s(ecifying)42 b(Numeric)f(Argumen)m -(ts)150 3176 y Ft(digit-argument)26 b(\()p Fj(M-0)p Ft(,)j -Fj(M-1)p Ft(,)h(...)f Fj(M--)p Ft(\))630 3285 y Fu(Add)d(this)h(digit)g +3822 y(command)30 b(is)h Ft(yank)e Fu(or)h Ft(yank-pop)p +Fu(.)150 4021 y Fk(8.4.5)63 b(Sp)s(ecifying)42 b(Numeric)f(Argumen)m +(ts)150 4194 y Ft(digit-argument)26 b(\()p Fj(M-0)p Ft(,)j +Fj(M-1)p Ft(,)h(...)f Fj(M--)p Ft(\))630 4303 y Fu(Add)d(this)h(digit)g (to)h(the)f(argumen)m(t)g(already)h(accum)m(ulating,)h(or)e(start)h(a)f -(new)f(argumen)m(t.)630 3395 y Fj(M--)j Fu(starts)i(a)g(negativ)m(e)i -(argumen)m(t.)150 3550 y Ft(universal-argument)25 b(\(\))630 -3660 y Fu(This)g(is)g(another)h(w)m(a)m(y)g(to)h(sp)s(ecify)e(an)g +(new)f(argumen)m(t.)630 4413 y Fj(M--)j Fu(starts)i(a)g(negativ)m(e)i +(argumen)m(t.)150 4573 y Ft(universal-argument)25 b(\(\))630 +4682 y Fu(This)g(is)g(another)h(w)m(a)m(y)g(to)h(sp)s(ecify)e(an)g (argumen)m(t.)40 b(If)25 b(this)g(command)h(is)f(follo)m(w)m(ed)i(b)m -(y)f(one)630 3770 y(or)k(more)f(digits,)i(optionally)g(with)e(a)h +(y)f(one)630 4792 y(or)k(more)f(digits,)i(optionally)g(with)e(a)h (leading)h(min)m(us)e(sign,)h(those)g(digits)g(de\014ne)f(the)h(ar-)630 -3879 y(gumen)m(t.)41 b(If)28 b(the)i(command)f(is)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b) +4902 y(gumen)m(t.)41 b(If)28 b(the)i(command)f(is)g(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b) m(y)f(digits,)i(executing)f Ft(universal-argument)630 -3989 y Fu(again)j(ends)e(the)h(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t,)i(but)e(is)h +5011 y Fu(again)j(ends)e(the)h(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t,)i(but)e(is)h (otherwise)g(ignored.)45 b(As)32 b(a)g(sp)s(ecial)h(case,)630 -4098 y(if)g(this)g(command)f(is)h(immediately)h(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y) +5121 y(if)g(this)g(command)f(is)h(immediately)h(follo)m(w)m(ed)h(b)m(y) d(a)h(c)m(haracter)i(that)e(is)g(neither)g(a)g(digit)630 -4208 y(nor)41 b(min)m(us)f(sign,)k(the)e(argumen)m(t)f(coun)m(t)h(for)f +5230 y(nor)41 b(min)m(us)f(sign,)k(the)e(argumen)m(t)f(coun)m(t)h(for)f (the)h(next)f(command)g(is)g(m)m(ultiplied)h(b)m(y)630 -4317 y(four.)54 b(The)35 b(argumen)m(t)g(coun)m(t)h(is)f(initially)h -(one,)h(so)e(executing)i(this)e(function)f(the)i(\014rst)630 -4427 y(time)29 b(mak)m(es)h(the)e(argumen)m(t)i(coun)m(t)f(four,)f(a)h -(second)g(time)g(mak)m(es)h(the)e(argumen)m(t)h(coun)m(t)630 -4537 y(sixteen,)i(and)f(so)h(on.)40 b(By)31 b(default,)g(this)f(is)g -(not)h(b)s(ound)d(to)k(a)e(k)m(ey)-8 b(.)150 4732 y Fk(8.4.6)63 -b(Letting)40 b(Readline)h(T)m(yp)s(e)g(F)-10 b(or)42 -b(Y)-10 b(ou)150 4902 y Ft(complete)28 b(\(TAB\))630 -5011 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)c(to)f(p)s(erform)e(completion)j(on)f(the)g(text)g -(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)39 b(The)22 b(actual)i(completion)630 -5121 y(p)s(erformed)33 b(is)h(application-sp)s(eci\014c.)53 -b(Bash)35 b(attempts)g(completion)g(treating)h(the)e(text)630 -5230 y(as)39 b(a)h(v)-5 b(ariable)39 b(\(if)h(the)f(text)h(b)s(egins)e -(with)h(`)p Ft($)p Fu('\),)j(username)c(\(if)i(the)f(text)h(b)s(egins)e -(with)630 5340 y(`)p Ft(~)p Fu('\),)31 b(hostname)f(\(if)g(the)g(text)h -(b)s(egins)e(with)h(`)p Ft(@)p Fu('\),)h(or)f(command)f(\(including)h -(aliases)i(and)p eop end +5340 y(four.)54 b(The)35 b(argumen)m(t)g(coun)m(t)h(is)f(initially)h +(one,)h(so)e(executing)i(this)e(function)f(the)i(\014rst)p +eop end %%Page: 133 139 TeXDict begin 133 138 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 -b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(133)630 299 y(functions\))35 -b(in)f(turn.)53 b(If)34 b(none)g(of)h(these)h(pro)s(duces)d(a)i(matc)m -(h,)i(\014lename)e(completion)h(is)630 408 y(attempted.)150 -573 y Ft(possible-completions)25 b(\(M-?\))630 682 y -Fu(List)35 b(the)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions)i(of)e(the)h(text)h(b)s -(efore)e(p)s(oin)m(t.)54 b(When)34 b(displa)m(ying)h(com-)630 -792 y(pletions,)f(Readline)f(sets)f(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i -(columns)f(used)f(for)i(displa)m(y)f(to)h(the)g(v)-5 -b(alue)33 b(of)630 902 y Ft(completion-display-width)o -Fu(,)g(the)j(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(of)g(the)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(v)-5 -b(ariable)38 b Ft(COLUMNS)p Fu(,)630 1011 y(or)30 b(the)h(screen)f -(width,)g(in)g(that)h(order.)150 1176 y Ft(insert-completions)25 -b(\(M-*\))630 1285 y Fu(Insert)30 b(all)h(completions)h(of)f(the)g -(text)g(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(that)g(w)m(ould)f(ha)m(v)m(e)i(b)s -(een)e(generated)630 1395 y(b)m(y)g Ft(possible-completions)p -Fu(.)150 1559 y Ft(menu-complete)d(\(\))630 1669 y Fu(Similar)d(to)g +b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(133)630 299 y(time)29 +b(mak)m(es)h(the)e(argumen)m(t)i(coun)m(t)f(four,)f(a)h(second)g(time)g +(mak)m(es)h(the)e(argumen)m(t)h(coun)m(t)630 408 y(sixteen,)i(and)f(so) +h(on.)40 b(By)31 b(default,)g(this)f(is)g(not)h(b)s(ound)d(to)k(a)e(k)m +(ey)-8 b(.)150 603 y Fk(8.4.6)63 b(Letting)40 b(Readline)h(T)m(yp)s(e)g +(F)-10 b(or)42 b(Y)-10 b(ou)150 772 y Ft(complete)28 +b(\(TAB\))630 882 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)c(to)f(p)s(erform)e(completion)j(on)f +(the)g(text)g(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)39 b(The)22 b(actual)i +(completion)630 991 y(p)s(erformed)33 b(is)h(application-sp)s +(eci\014c.)53 b(Bash)35 b(attempts)g(completion)g(treating)h(the)e +(text)630 1101 y(as)39 b(a)h(v)-5 b(ariable)39 b(\(if)h(the)f(text)h(b) +s(egins)e(with)h(`)p Ft($)p Fu('\),)j(username)c(\(if)i(the)f(text)h(b) +s(egins)e(with)630 1210 y(`)p Ft(~)p Fu('\),)31 b(hostname)f(\(if)g +(the)g(text)h(b)s(egins)e(with)h(`)p Ft(@)p Fu('\),)h(or)f(command)f +(\(including)h(aliases)i(and)630 1320 y(functions\))j(in)f(turn.)53 +b(If)34 b(none)g(of)h(these)h(pro)s(duces)d(a)i(matc)m(h,)i(\014lename) +e(completion)h(is)630 1430 y(attempted.)150 1584 y Ft +(possible-completions)25 b(\(M-?\))630 1694 y Fu(List)35 +b(the)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions)i(of)e(the)h(text)h(b)s(efore)e(p)s +(oin)m(t.)54 b(When)34 b(displa)m(ying)h(com-)630 1803 +y(pletions,)f(Readline)f(sets)f(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)i(columns)f +(used)f(for)i(displa)m(y)f(to)h(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)33 +b(of)630 1913 y Ft(completion-display-width)o Fu(,)g(the)j(v)-5 +b(alue)37 b(of)g(the)f(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h(v)-5 b(ariable)38 +b Ft(COLUMNS)p Fu(,)630 2022 y(or)30 b(the)h(screen)f(width,)g(in)g +(that)h(order.)150 2177 y Ft(insert-completions)25 b(\(M-*\))630 +2286 y Fu(Insert)30 b(all)h(completions)h(of)f(the)g(text)g(b)s(efore)f +(p)s(oin)m(t)h(that)g(w)m(ould)f(ha)m(v)m(e)i(b)s(een)e(generated)630 +2396 y(b)m(y)g Ft(possible-completions)p Fu(.)150 2550 +y Ft(menu-complete)d(\(\))630 2660 y Fu(Similar)d(to)g Ft(complete)p Fu(,)f(but)h(replaces)g(the)g(w)m(ord)g(to)g(b)s(e)f -(completed)i(with)e(a)i(single)f(matc)m(h)630 1778 y(from)37 +(completed)i(with)e(a)i(single)f(matc)m(h)630 2770 y(from)37 b(the)h(list)h(of)f(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)64 b(Rep)s(eated)39 -b(execution)g(of)f Ft(menu-complete)630 1888 y Fu(steps)i(through)g +b(execution)g(of)f Ft(menu-complete)630 2879 y Fu(steps)i(through)g (the)g(list)h(of)f(p)s(ossible)g(completions,)k(inserting)c(eac)m(h)i -(matc)m(h)f(in)f(turn.)630 1998 y(A)m(t)e(the)f(end)f(of)h(the)g(list)g +(matc)m(h)f(in)f(turn.)630 2989 y(A)m(t)e(the)f(end)f(of)h(the)g(list)g (of)g(completions,)i(the)e(b)s(ell)g(is)g(rung)f(\(sub)5 -b(ject)36 b(to)i(the)f(setting)630 2107 y(of)f Ft(bell-style)p +b(ject)36 b(to)i(the)f(setting)630 3098 y(of)f Ft(bell-style)p Fu(\))e(and)h(the)h(original)i(text)f(is)f(restored.)57 b(An)36 b(argumen)m(t)h(of)f Fr(n)f Fu(mo)m(v)m(es)i -Fr(n)630 2217 y Fu(p)s(ositions)e(forw)m(ard)f(in)g(the)h(list)h(of)e +Fr(n)630 3208 y Fu(p)s(ositions)e(forw)m(ard)f(in)g(the)h(list)h(of)e (matc)m(hes;)39 b(a)c(negativ)m(e)i(argumen)m(t)e(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f -(used)g(to)630 2326 y(mo)m(v)m(e)40 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)e(through)g(the)g +(used)g(to)630 3318 y(mo)m(v)m(e)40 b(bac)m(kw)m(ard)e(through)g(the)g (list.)65 b(This)38 b(command)g(is)g(in)m(tended)g(to)h(b)s(e)f(b)s -(ound)e(to)630 2436 y Ft(TAB)p Fu(,)30 b(but)f(is)i(un)m(b)s(ound)d(b)m -(y)i(default.)150 2600 y Ft(menu-complete-backward)24 -b(\(\))630 2710 y Fu(Iden)m(tical)36 b(to)g Ft(menu-complete)p +(ound)e(to)630 3427 y Ft(TAB)p Fu(,)30 b(but)f(is)i(un)m(b)s(ound)d(b)m +(y)i(default.)150 3582 y Ft(menu-complete-backward)24 +b(\(\))630 3691 y Fu(Iden)m(tical)36 b(to)g Ft(menu-complete)p Fu(,)d(but)h(mo)m(v)m(es)j(bac)m(kw)m(ard)e(through)f(the)i(list)f(of)g -(p)s(ossible)630 2819 y(completions,)d(as)e(if)h Ft(menu-complete)26 +(p)s(ossible)630 3801 y(completions,)d(as)e(if)h Ft(menu-complete)26 b Fu(had)k(b)s(een)g(giv)m(en)h(a)g(negativ)m(e)i(argumen)m(t.)150 -2984 y Ft(delete-char-or-list)25 b(\(\))630 3093 y Fu(Deletes)41 +3955 y Ft(delete-char-or-list)25 b(\(\))630 4065 y Fu(Deletes)41 b(the)e(c)m(haracter)h(under)e(the)h(cursor)f(if)h(not)g(at)g(the)h(b)s -(eginning)e(or)h(end)f(of)h(the)630 3203 y(line)50 b(\(lik)m(e)h +(eginning)e(or)h(end)f(of)h(the)630 4174 y(line)50 b(\(lik)m(e)h Ft(delete-char)p Fu(\).)96 b(If)49 b(at)h(the)g(end)f(of)h(the)f(line,) -55 b(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)c(iden)m(tically)g(to)630 3313 +55 b(b)s(eha)m(v)m(es)c(iden)m(tically)g(to)630 4284 y Ft(possible-completions)p Fu(.)35 b(This)30 b(command)g(is)g(un)m(b)s -(ound)e(b)m(y)i(default.)150 3477 y Ft(complete-filename)c(\(M-/\))630 -3587 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)32 b(\014lename)e(completion)i(on)e(the)h(text)g -(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)150 3751 y Ft(possible-filename-comple)o -(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30 b(/\))630 3861 y Fu(List)f(the)g(p)s(ossible)f +(ound)e(b)m(y)i(default.)150 4438 y Ft(complete-filename)c(\(M-/\))630 +4548 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)32 b(\014lename)e(completion)i(on)e(the)h(text)g +(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t.)150 4702 y Ft(possible-filename-comple)o +(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30 b(/\))630 4812 y Fu(List)f(the)g(p)s(ossible)f (completions)h(of)g(the)g(text)g(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t,)g(treating)h -(it)f(as)g(a)f(\014lename.)150 4025 y Ft(complete-username)e(\(M-~\)) -630 4134 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)32 b(completion)f(on)g(the)f(text)i(b)s(efore) +(it)f(as)g(a)f(\014lename.)150 4966 y Ft(complete-username)e(\(M-~\)) +630 5076 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)32 b(completion)f(on)g(the)f(text)i(b)s(efore) e(p)s(oin)m(t,)g(treating)i(it)f(as)f(a)h(username.)150 -4299 y Ft(possible-username-comple)o(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30 -b(~\))630 4408 y Fu(List)25 b(the)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(of)f +5230 y Ft(possible-username-comple)o(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30 +b(~\))630 5340 y Fu(List)25 b(the)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(of)f (the)g(text)h(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)h(treating)g(it)g(as)f(a)g -(username.)150 4573 y Ft(complete-variable)h(\(M-$\))630 -4682 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)32 b(completion)f(on)g(the)f(text)i(b)s(efore)e(p) -s(oin)m(t,)g(treating)i(it)f(as)f(a)h(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariable.)150 -4847 y Ft(possible-variable-comple)o(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30 -b($\))630 4956 y Fu(List)42 b(the)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(of)f -(the)g(text)h(b)s(efore)e(p)s(oin)m(t,)46 b(treating)d(it)f(as)g(a)h -(shell)630 5066 y(v)-5 b(ariable.)150 5230 y Ft(complete-hostname)26 -b(\(M-@\))630 5340 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)32 b(completion)f(on)g(the)f(text)i -(b)s(efore)e(p)s(oin)m(t,)g(treating)i(it)f(as)f(a)h(hostname.)p -eop end +(username.)p eop end %%Page: 134 140 TeXDict begin 134 139 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(134)150 299 y Ft -(possible-hostname-comple)o(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30 b(@\))630 -408 y Fu(List)25 b(the)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions)h(of)g(the)g(text)g -(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t,)h(treating)g(it)f(as)f(a)h(hostname.)150 -587 y Ft(complete-command)h(\(M-!\))630 697 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)32 -b(completion)g(on)f(the)g(text)h(b)s(efore)e(p)s(oin)m(t,)h(treating)h -(it)g(as)f(a)g(command)g(name.)630 807 y(Command)46 b(completion)i -(attempts)g(to)f(matc)m(h)h(the)f(text)h(against)g(aliases,)53 -b(reserv)m(ed)630 916 y(w)m(ords,)36 b(shell)g(functions,)h(shell)e -(builtins,)i(and)e(\014nally)g(executable)i(\014lenames,)g(in)e(that) -630 1026 y(order.)150 1205 y Ft(possible-command-complet)o(ions)24 -b(\(C-x)29 b(!\))630 1314 y Fu(List)d(the)h(p)s(ossible)f(completions)h -(of)f(the)h(text)g(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)h(treating)g(it)g(as)g(a)f -(command)630 1424 y(name.)150 1603 y Ft(dynamic-complete-history)e -(\(M-TAB\))630 1712 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)31 b(completion)h(on)e(the)g(text)h -(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)g(comparing)h(the)f(text)h(against)h(lines) -630 1822 y(from)e(the)g(history)h(list)g(for)f(p)s(ossible)g -(completion)i(matc)m(hes.)150 2001 y Ft(dabbrev-expand)26 -b(\(\))630 2110 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)i(men)m(u)e(completion)i(on)f(the)g -(text)g(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)i(comparing)f(the)g(text)h(against)630 -2220 y(lines)j(from)e(the)i(history)f(list)h(for)g(p)s(ossible)e -(completion)j(matc)m(hes.)150 2399 y Ft(complete-into-braces)25 -b(\(M-{\))630 2509 y Fu(P)m(erform)f(\014lename)f(completion)i(and)f +(complete-variable)26 b(\(M-$\))630 408 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)32 +b(completion)f(on)g(the)f(text)i(b)s(efore)e(p)s(oin)m(t,)g(treating)i +(it)f(as)f(a)h(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariable.)150 589 y Ft +(possible-variable-comple)o(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30 b($\))630 +699 y Fu(List)42 b(the)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(of)f(the)g(text)h +(b)s(efore)e(p)s(oin)m(t,)46 b(treating)d(it)f(as)g(a)h(shell)630 +809 y(v)-5 b(ariable.)150 989 y Ft(complete-hostname)26 +b(\(M-@\))630 1099 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)32 b(completion)f(on)g(the)f(text)i +(b)s(efore)e(p)s(oin)m(t,)g(treating)i(it)f(as)f(a)h(hostname.)150 +1280 y Ft(possible-hostname-comple)o(tion)o(s)24 b(\(C-x)30 +b(@\))630 1390 y Fu(List)25 b(the)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions)h(of)g +(the)g(text)g(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t,)h(treating)g(it)f(as)f(a)h +(hostname.)150 1570 y Ft(complete-command)h(\(M-!\))630 +1680 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)32 b(completion)g(on)f(the)g(text)h(b)s(efore)e(p) +s(oin)m(t,)h(treating)h(it)g(as)f(a)g(command)g(name.)630 +1790 y(Command)46 b(completion)i(attempts)g(to)f(matc)m(h)h(the)f(text) +h(against)g(aliases,)53 b(reserv)m(ed)630 1899 y(w)m(ords,)36 +b(shell)g(functions,)h(shell)e(builtins,)i(and)e(\014nally)g +(executable)i(\014lenames,)g(in)e(that)630 2009 y(order.)150 +2190 y Ft(possible-command-complet)o(ions)24 b(\(C-x)29 +b(!\))630 2299 y Fu(List)d(the)h(p)s(ossible)f(completions)h(of)f(the)h +(text)g(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)h(treating)g(it)g(as)g(a)f(command)630 +2409 y(name.)150 2590 y Ft(dynamic-complete-history)e(\(M-TAB\))630 +2699 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)31 b(completion)h(on)e(the)g(text)h(b)s(efore)f(p) +s(oin)m(t,)g(comparing)h(the)f(text)h(against)h(lines)630 +2809 y(from)e(the)g(history)h(list)g(for)f(p)s(ossible)g(completion)i +(matc)m(hes.)150 2990 y Ft(dabbrev-expand)26 b(\(\))630 +3099 y Fu(A)m(ttempt)i(men)m(u)e(completion)i(on)f(the)g(text)g(b)s +(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t,)i(comparing)f(the)g(text)h(against)630 +3209 y(lines)j(from)e(the)i(history)f(list)h(for)g(p)s(ossible)e +(completion)j(matc)m(hes.)150 3390 y Ft(complete-into-braces)25 +b(\(M-{\))630 3500 y Fu(P)m(erform)f(\014lename)f(completion)i(and)f (insert)f(the)h(list)g(of)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions)i(enclosed)630 -2618 y(within)34 b(braces)h(so)f(the)h(list)g(is)g(a)m(v)-5 +3609 y(within)34 b(braces)h(so)f(the)h(list)g(is)g(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)37 b(to)e(the)g(shell)g(\(see)g(Section)h(3.5.1)g([Brace)g -(Ex-)630 2728 y(pansion],)30 b(page)h(23\).)150 2946 -y Fk(8.4.7)63 b(Keyb)s(oard)41 b(Macros)150 3128 y Ft(start-kbd-macro) -26 b(\(C-x)j(\(\))630 3238 y Fu(Begin)i(sa)m(ving)h(the)e(c)m +(Ex-)630 3719 y(pansion],)30 b(page)h(23\).)150 3939 +y Fk(8.4.7)63 b(Keyb)s(oard)41 b(Macros)150 4122 y Ft(start-kbd-macro) +26 b(\(C-x)j(\(\))630 4232 y Fu(Begin)i(sa)m(ving)h(the)e(c)m (haracters)i(t)m(yp)s(ed)e(in)m(to)h(the)g(curren)m(t)f(k)m(eyb)s(oard) -g(macro.)150 3417 y Ft(end-kbd-macro)d(\(C-x)i(\)\))630 -3526 y Fu(Stop)e(sa)m(ving)h(the)g(c)m(haracters)g(t)m(yp)s(ed)f(in)m +g(macro.)150 4413 y Ft(end-kbd-macro)d(\(C-x)i(\)\))630 +4522 y Fu(Stop)e(sa)m(ving)h(the)g(c)m(haracters)g(t)m(yp)s(ed)f(in)m (to)i(the)e(curren)m(t)g(k)m(eyb)s(oard)g(macro)h(and)f(sa)m(v)m(e)i -(the)630 3636 y(de\014nition.)150 3815 y Ft(call-last-kbd-macro)c -(\(C-x)k(e\))630 3924 y Fu(Re-execute)37 b(the)e(last)h(k)m(eyb)s(oard) +(the)630 4632 y(de\014nition.)150 4813 y Ft(call-last-kbd-macro)c +(\(C-x)k(e\))630 4922 y Fu(Re-execute)37 b(the)e(last)h(k)m(eyb)s(oard) f(macro)h(de\014ned,)f(b)m(y)h(making)f(the)g(c)m(haracters)i(in)e(the) -630 4034 y(macro)c(app)s(ear)f(as)g(if)h(t)m(yp)s(ed)f(at)h(the)f(k)m -(eyb)s(oard.)150 4213 y Ft(print-last-kbd-macro)25 b(\(\))630 -4322 y Fu(Prin)m(t)30 b(the)h(last)g(k)m(eb)s(oard)f(macro)h(de\014ned) +630 5032 y(macro)c(app)s(ear)f(as)g(if)h(t)m(yp)s(ed)f(at)h(the)f(k)m +(eyb)s(oard.)150 5213 y Ft(print-last-kbd-macro)25 b(\(\))630 +5322 y Fu(Prin)m(t)30 b(the)h(last)g(k)m(eb)s(oard)f(macro)h(de\014ned) e(in)i(a)f(format)h(suitable)g(for)f(the)h Fr(inputrc)k -Fu(\014le.)150 4541 y Fk(8.4.8)63 b(Some)41 b(Miscellaneous)i(Commands) -150 4723 y Ft(re-read-init-file)26 b(\(C-x)j(C-r\))630 -4832 y Fu(Read)22 b(in)g(the)g(con)m(ten)m(ts)h(of)f(the)g -Fr(inputrc)27 b Fu(\014le,)d(and)d(incorp)s(orate)h(an)m(y)h(bindings)d -(or)i(v)-5 b(ariable)630 4942 y(assignmen)m(ts)31 b(found)e(there.)150 -5121 y Ft(abort)g(\(C-g\))630 5230 y Fu(Ab)s(ort)d(the)h(curren)m(t)f -(editing)h(command)f(and)g(ring)h(the)f(terminal's)h(b)s(ell)g(\(sub)5 -b(ject)26 b(to)i(the)630 5340 y(setting)j(of)g Ft(bell-style)p -Fu(\).)p eop end +Fu(\014le.)p eop end %%Page: 135 141 TeXDict begin 135 140 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 -b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(135)150 299 y Ft -(do-lowercase-version)25 b(\(M-A,)k(M-B,)g(M-)p Fj(x)p -Ft(,)g(...)o(\))630 408 y Fu(If)35 b(the)g(meta\014ed)g(c)m(haracter)i +b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(135)150 299 y Fk(8.4.8)63 +b(Some)41 b(Miscellaneous)i(Commands)150 478 y Ft(re-read-init-file)26 +b(\(C-x)j(C-r\))630 587 y Fu(Read)22 b(in)g(the)g(con)m(ten)m(ts)h(of)f +(the)g Fr(inputrc)27 b Fu(\014le,)d(and)d(incorp)s(orate)h(an)m(y)h +(bindings)d(or)i(v)-5 b(ariable)630 697 y(assignmen)m(ts)31 +b(found)e(there.)150 870 y Ft(abort)g(\(C-g\))630 979 +y Fu(Ab)s(ort)d(the)h(curren)m(t)f(editing)h(command)f(and)g(ring)h +(the)f(terminal's)h(b)s(ell)g(\(sub)5 b(ject)26 b(to)i(the)630 +1089 y(setting)j(of)g Ft(bell-style)p Fu(\).)150 1262 +y Ft(do-lowercase-version)25 b(\(M-A,)k(M-B,)g(M-)p Fj(x)p +Ft(,)g(...)o(\))630 1372 y Fu(If)35 b(the)g(meta\014ed)g(c)m(haracter)i Fr(x)k Fu(is)35 b(upp)s(er)e(case,)k(run)d(the)h(command)g(that)g(is)g -(b)s(ound)e(to)630 518 y(the)g(corresp)s(onding)f(meta\014ed)h(lo)m(w)m -(er)i(case)f(c)m(haracter.)50 b(The)32 b(b)s(eha)m(vior)h(is)g -(unde\014ned)e(if)630 628 y Fr(x)37 b Fu(is)30 b(already)h(lo)m(w)m(er) -h(case.)150 781 y Ft(prefix-meta)27 b(\(ESC\))630 891 -y Fu(Metafy)39 b(the)e(next)h(c)m(haracter)h(t)m(yp)s(ed.)62 +(b)s(ound)e(to)630 1481 y(the)g(corresp)s(onding)f(meta\014ed)h(lo)m(w) +m(er)i(case)f(c)m(haracter.)50 b(The)32 b(b)s(eha)m(vior)h(is)g +(unde\014ned)e(if)630 1591 y Fr(x)37 b Fu(is)30 b(already)h(lo)m(w)m +(er)h(case.)150 1764 y Ft(prefix-meta)27 b(\(ESC\))630 +1873 y Fu(Metafy)39 b(the)e(next)h(c)m(haracter)h(t)m(yp)s(ed.)62 b(This)37 b(is)g(for)h(k)m(eyb)s(oards)f(without)g(a)h(meta)g(k)m(ey)-8 -b(.)630 1000 y(T)m(yping)30 b(`)p Ft(ESC)g(f)p Fu(')g(is)h(equiv)-5 -b(alen)m(t)31 b(to)g(t)m(yping)g Fj(M-f)p Fu(.)150 1154 -y Ft(undo)e(\(C-_)g(or)h(C-x)g(C-u\))630 1263 y Fu(Incremen)m(tal)h +b(.)630 1983 y(T)m(yping)30 b(`)p Ft(ESC)g(f)p Fu(')g(is)h(equiv)-5 +b(alen)m(t)31 b(to)g(t)m(yping)g Fj(M-f)p Fu(.)150 2156 +y Ft(undo)e(\(C-_)g(or)h(C-x)g(C-u\))630 2266 y Fu(Incremen)m(tal)h (undo,)f(separately)h(remem)m(b)s(ered)f(for)g(eac)m(h)i(line.)150 -1417 y Ft(revert-line)27 b(\(M-r\))630 1526 y Fu(Undo)33 +2439 y Ft(revert-line)27 b(\(M-r\))630 2548 y Fu(Undo)33 b(all)h(c)m(hanges)g(made)f(to)h(this)f(line.)49 b(This)32 b(is)h(lik)m(e)i(executing)f(the)f Ft(undo)f Fu(command)630 -1636 y(enough)e(times)h(to)g(get)h(bac)m(k)f(to)g(the)f(b)s(eginning.) -150 1789 y Ft(tilde-expand)d(\(M-&\))630 1899 y Fu(P)m(erform)j(tilde)h -(expansion)g(on)f(the)g(curren)m(t)h(w)m(ord.)150 2052 -y Ft(set-mark)d(\(C-@\))630 2162 y Fu(Set)33 b(the)g(mark)f(to)i(the)f +2658 y(enough)e(times)h(to)g(get)h(bac)m(k)f(to)g(the)f(b)s(eginning.) +150 2831 y Ft(tilde-expand)d(\(M-&\))630 2940 y Fu(P)m(erform)j(tilde)h +(expansion)g(on)f(the)g(curren)m(t)h(w)m(ord.)150 3114 +y Ft(set-mark)d(\(C-@\))630 3223 y Fu(Set)33 b(the)g(mark)f(to)i(the)f (p)s(oin)m(t.)48 b(If)32 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)g -(supplied,)f(the)h(mark)g(is)f(set)630 2271 y(to)f(that)g(p)s(osition.) -150 2425 y Ft(exchange-point-and-mark)24 b(\(C-x)29 b(C-x\))630 -2534 y Fu(Sw)m(ap)i(the)g(p)s(oin)m(t)g(with)g(the)g(mark.)43 +(supplied,)f(the)h(mark)g(is)f(set)630 3333 y(to)f(that)g(p)s(osition.) +150 3506 y Ft(exchange-point-and-mark)24 b(\(C-x)29 b(C-x\))630 +3615 y Fu(Sw)m(ap)i(the)g(p)s(oin)m(t)g(with)g(the)g(mark.)43 b(The)31 b(curren)m(t)g(cursor)f(p)s(osition)i(is)f(set)h(to)f(the)h -(sa)m(v)m(ed)630 2644 y(p)s(osition,)f(and)e(the)i(old)g(cursor)e(p)s -(osition)i(is)f(sa)m(v)m(ed)i(as)e(the)h(mark.)150 2798 -y Ft(character-search)26 b(\(C-]\))630 2907 y Fu(A)f(c)m(haracter)h(is) +(sa)m(v)m(ed)630 3725 y(p)s(osition,)f(and)e(the)i(old)g(cursor)e(p)s +(osition)i(is)f(sa)m(v)m(ed)i(as)e(the)h(mark.)150 3898 +y Ft(character-search)26 b(\(C-]\))630 4008 y Fu(A)f(c)m(haracter)h(is) f(read)g(and)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)g(mo)m(v)m(ed)h(to)g(the)f(next)g(o)s -(ccurrence)g(of)g(that)g(c)m(haracter.)630 3017 y(A)30 +(ccurrence)g(of)g(that)g(c)m(haracter.)630 4117 y(A)30 b(negativ)m(e)j(coun)m(t)e(searc)m(hes)g(for)f(previous)g(o)s -(ccurrences.)150 3170 y Ft(character-search-backwar)o(d)24 -b(\(M-C-]\))630 3280 y Fu(A)45 b(c)m(haracter)h(is)f(read)g(and)f(p)s +(ccurrences.)150 4290 y Ft(character-search-backwar)o(d)24 +b(\(M-C-]\))630 4400 y Fu(A)45 b(c)m(haracter)h(is)f(read)g(and)f(p)s (oin)m(t)h(is)g(mo)m(v)m(ed)h(to)f(the)g(previous)f(o)s(ccurrence)h(of) -g(that)630 3389 y(c)m(haracter.)d(A)31 b(negativ)m(e)h(coun)m(t)f +g(that)630 4509 y(c)m(haracter.)d(A)31 b(negativ)m(e)h(coun)m(t)f (searc)m(hes)h(for)e(subsequen)m(t)f(o)s(ccurrences.)150 -3543 y Ft(skip-csi-sequence)d(\(\))630 3652 y Fu(Read)i(enough)f(c)m +4682 y Ft(skip-csi-sequence)d(\(\))630 4792 y Fu(Read)i(enough)f(c)m (haracters)h(to)g(consume)f(a)h(m)m(ulti-k)m(ey)h(sequence)f(suc)m(h)f -(as)g(those)h(de\014ned)630 3762 y(for)37 b(k)m(eys)h(lik)m(e)g(Home)g +(as)g(those)h(de\014ned)630 4902 y(for)37 b(k)m(eys)h(lik)m(e)g(Home)g (and)f(End.)60 b(Suc)m(h)37 b(sequences)g(b)s(egin)g(with)g(a)h(Con)m -(trol)g(Sequence)630 3871 y(Indicator)f(\(CSI\),)f(usually)h(ESC-[.)59 +(trol)g(Sequence)630 5011 y(Indicator)f(\(CSI\),)f(usually)h(ESC-[.)59 b(If)36 b(this)g(sequence)h(is)g(b)s(ound)d(to)k Ft("\\)p -Fu(e[)p Ft(")p Fu(,)g(k)m(eys)f(pro-)630 3981 y(ducing)31 +Fu(e[)p Ft(")p Fu(,)g(k)m(eys)f(pro-)630 5121 y(ducing)31 b(suc)m(h)h(sequences)g(will)h(ha)m(v)m(e)g(no)f(e\013ect)h(unless)e -(explicitly)j(b)s(ound)c(to)i(a)h(readline)630 4091 y(command,)f +(explicitly)j(b)s(ound)c(to)i(a)h(readline)630 5230 y(command,)f (instead)g(of)g(inserting)g(stra)m(y)h(c)m(haracters)g(in)m(to)g(the)f -(editing)h(bu\013er.)44 b(This)31 b(is)630 4200 y(un)m(b)s(ound)d(b)m -(y)i(default,)h(but)f(usually)g(b)s(ound)e(to)j(ESC-[.)150 -4354 y Ft(insert-comment)26 b(\(M-#\))630 4463 y Fu(Without)36 -b(a)g(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t,)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)36 -b(of)g(the)g Ft(comment-begin)c Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)36 -b(is)g(in-)630 4573 y(serted)c(at)g(the)g(b)s(eginning)f(of)h(the)f -(curren)m(t)h(line.)45 b(If)31 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t)h(is)g -(supplied,)630 4682 y(this)k(command)h(acts)g(as)g(a)g(toggle:)55 -b(if)37 b(the)f(c)m(haracters)i(at)g(the)e(b)s(eginning)g(of)h(the)g -(line)630 4792 y(do)30 b(not)h(matc)m(h)h(the)f(v)-5 -b(alue)31 b(of)f Ft(comment-begin)p Fu(,)e(the)i(v)-5 -b(alue)31 b(is)g(inserted,)g(otherwise)g(the)630 4902 -y(c)m(haracters)42 b(in)d Ft(comment-begin)e Fu(are)j(deleted)h(from)f -(the)g(b)s(eginning)g(of)g(the)g(line.)71 b(In)630 5011 -y(either)37 b(case,)j(the)e(line)f(is)g(accepted)i(as)e(if)g(a)g -(newline)g(had)g(b)s(een)f(t)m(yp)s(ed.)60 b(The)37 b(default)630 -5121 y(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(of)g Ft(comment-begin)c Fu(causes)k(this)f -(command)h(to)g(mak)m(e)h(the)e(curren)m(t)h(line)g(a)g(shell)630 -5230 y(commen)m(t.)40 b(If)26 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t)h(causes)g -(the)f(commen)m(t)i(c)m(haracter)g(to)f(b)s(e)f(remo)m(v)m(ed,)630 -5340 y(the)31 b(line)f(will)h(b)s(e)f(executed)h(b)m(y)f(the)h(shell.)p +(editing)h(bu\013er.)44 b(This)31 b(is)630 5340 y(un)m(b)s(ound)d(b)m +(y)i(default,)h(but)f(usually)g(b)s(ound)e(to)j(ESC-[.)p eop end %%Page: 136 142 TeXDict begin 136 141 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 -b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(136)150 299 y Ft(dump-functions)26 -b(\(\))630 408 y Fu(Prin)m(t)g(all)i(of)e(the)h(functions)f(and)g -(their)g(k)m(ey)h(bindings)e(to)j(the)e(Readline)h(output)f(stream.)630 -518 y(If)31 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)g(supplied,)f(the)h +b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(136)150 299 y Ft(insert-comment)26 +b(\(M-#\))630 408 y Fu(Without)36 b(a)g(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t,)h +(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)36 b(of)g(the)g Ft(comment-begin)c +Fu(v)-5 b(ariable)36 b(is)g(in-)630 518 y(serted)c(at)g(the)g(b)s +(eginning)f(of)h(the)f(curren)m(t)h(line.)45 b(If)31 +b(a)h(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t)h(is)g(supplied,)630 628 +y(this)k(command)h(acts)g(as)g(a)g(toggle:)55 b(if)37 +b(the)f(c)m(haracters)i(at)g(the)e(b)s(eginning)g(of)h(the)g(line)630 +737 y(do)30 b(not)h(matc)m(h)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)f +Ft(comment-begin)p Fu(,)e(the)i(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(is)g(inserted,)g +(otherwise)g(the)630 847 y(c)m(haracters)42 b(in)d Ft(comment-begin)e +Fu(are)j(deleted)h(from)f(the)g(b)s(eginning)g(of)g(the)g(line.)71 +b(In)630 956 y(either)37 b(case,)j(the)e(line)f(is)g(accepted)i(as)e +(if)g(a)g(newline)g(had)g(b)s(een)f(t)m(yp)s(ed.)60 b(The)37 +b(default)630 1066 y(v)-5 b(alue)32 b(of)g Ft(comment-begin)c +Fu(causes)k(this)f(command)h(to)g(mak)m(e)h(the)e(curren)m(t)h(line)g +(a)g(shell)630 1176 y(commen)m(t.)40 b(If)26 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)f +(argumen)m(t)h(causes)g(the)f(commen)m(t)i(c)m(haracter)g(to)f(b)s(e)f +(remo)m(v)m(ed,)630 1285 y(the)31 b(line)f(will)h(b)s(e)f(executed)h(b) +m(y)f(the)h(shell.)150 1443 y Ft(dump-functions)26 b(\(\))630 +1553 y Fu(Prin)m(t)g(all)i(of)e(the)h(functions)f(and)g(their)g(k)m(ey) +h(bindings)e(to)j(the)e(Readline)h(output)f(stream.)630 +1663 y(If)31 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)g(supplied,)f(the)h (output)f(is)h(formatted)g(in)f(suc)m(h)h(a)g(w)m(a)m(y)g(that)630 -628 y(it)f(can)g(b)s(e)e(made)i(part)f(of)g(an)h Fr(inputrc)k +1772 y(it)f(can)g(b)s(e)e(made)i(part)f(of)g(an)h Fr(inputrc)k Fu(\014le.)41 b(This)29 b(command)h(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound)c(b)m(y)k -(default.)150 783 y Ft(dump-variables)26 b(\(\))630 892 -y Fu(Prin)m(t)21 b(all)h(of)g(the)f(settable)i(v)-5 b(ariables)22 -b(and)f(their)g(v)-5 b(alues)22 b(to)g(the)f(Readline)h(output)f -(stream.)630 1002 y(If)31 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)g -(supplied,)f(the)h(output)f(is)h(formatted)g(in)f(suc)m(h)h(a)g(w)m(a)m -(y)g(that)630 1112 y(it)f(can)g(b)s(e)e(made)i(part)f(of)g(an)h +(default.)150 1931 y Ft(dump-variables)26 b(\(\))630 +2040 y Fu(Prin)m(t)21 b(all)h(of)g(the)f(settable)i(v)-5 +b(ariables)22 b(and)f(their)g(v)-5 b(alues)22 b(to)g(the)f(Readline)h +(output)f(stream.)630 2150 y(If)31 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)g(is) +g(supplied,)f(the)h(output)f(is)h(formatted)g(in)f(suc)m(h)h(a)g(w)m(a) +m(y)g(that)630 2259 y(it)f(can)g(b)s(e)e(made)i(part)f(of)g(an)h Fr(inputrc)k Fu(\014le.)41 b(This)29 b(command)h(is)h(un)m(b)s(ound)c -(b)m(y)k(default.)150 1267 y Ft(dump-macros)c(\(\))630 -1377 y Fu(Prin)m(t)34 b(all)g(of)g(the)g(Readline)g(k)m(ey)h(sequences) +(b)m(y)k(default.)150 2418 y Ft(dump-macros)c(\(\))630 +2527 y Fu(Prin)m(t)34 b(all)g(of)g(the)g(Readline)g(k)m(ey)h(sequences) f(b)s(ound)e(to)i(macros)g(and)f(the)h(strings)g(they)630 -1486 y(output.)53 b(If)35 b(a)g(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t)i(is)e +2637 y(output.)53 b(If)35 b(a)g(n)m(umeric)f(argumen)m(t)i(is)e (supplied,)h(the)g(output)g(is)f(formatted)i(in)e(suc)m(h)h(a)630 -1596 y(w)m(a)m(y)c(that)g(it)f(can)g(b)s(e)g(made)g(part)f(of)i(an)e +2746 y(w)m(a)m(y)c(that)g(it)f(can)g(b)s(e)g(made)g(part)f(of)i(an)e Fr(inputrc)35 b Fu(\014le.)41 b(This)29 b(command)h(is)g(un)m(b)s(ound) -d(b)m(y)630 1705 y(default.)150 1861 y Ft(glob-complete-word)e(\(M-g\)) -630 1970 y Fu(The)i(w)m(ord)h(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)g(treated)h +d(b)m(y)630 2856 y(default.)150 3014 y Ft(glob-complete-word)e(\(M-g\)) +630 3124 y Fu(The)i(w)m(ord)h(b)s(efore)f(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)g(treated)h (as)f(a)h(pattern)f(for)f(pathname)h(expansion,)g(with)g(an)630 -2080 y(asterisk)d(implicitly)h(app)s(ended.)37 b(This)23 +3233 y(asterisk)d(implicitly)h(app)s(ended.)37 b(This)23 b(pattern)i(is)f(used)g(to)h(generate)h(a)e(list)h(of)g(matc)m(hing)630 -2189 y(\014le)30 b(names)h(for)f(p)s(ossible)g(completions.)150 -2345 y Ft(glob-expand-word)c(\(C-x)j(*\))630 2454 y Fu(The)40 +3343 y(\014le)30 b(names)h(for)f(p)s(ossible)g(completions.)150 +3501 y Ft(glob-expand-word)c(\(C-x)j(*\))630 3611 y Fu(The)40 b(w)m(ord)g(b)s(efore)g(p)s(oin)m(t)h(is)g(treated)g(as)g(a)g(pattern)g -(for)f(pathname)g(expansion,)k(and)630 2564 y(the)c(list)g(of)f(matc)m +(for)f(pathname)g(expansion,)k(and)630 3720 y(the)c(list)g(of)f(matc)m (hing)i(\014le)e(names)g(is)h(inserted,)h(replacing)g(the)e(w)m(ord.)67 -b(If)39 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)630 2673 y(argumen)m(t)31 b(is)f(supplied,)g +b(If)39 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)630 3830 y(argumen)m(t)31 b(is)f(supplied,)g (a)g(`)p Ft(*)p Fu(')h(is)f(app)s(ended)f(b)s(efore)h(pathname)g -(expansion.)150 2829 y Ft(glob-list-expansions)25 b(\(C-x)k(g\))630 -2938 y Fu(The)k(list)h(of)f(expansions)g(that)h(w)m(ould)f(ha)m(v)m(e)h +(expansion.)150 3988 y Ft(glob-list-expansions)25 b(\(C-x)k(g\))630 +4098 y Fu(The)k(list)h(of)f(expansions)g(that)h(w)m(ould)f(ha)m(v)m(e)h (b)s(een)f(generated)h(b)m(y)f Ft(glob-expand-word)630 -3048 y Fu(is)h(displa)m(y)m(ed,)h(and)e(the)h(line)g(is)f(redra)m(wn.) +4208 y Fu(is)h(displa)m(y)m(ed,)h(and)e(the)h(line)g(is)f(redra)m(wn.) 50 b(If)33 b(a)h(n)m(umeric)g(argumen)m(t)g(is)f(supplied,)h(a)g(`)p -Ft(*)p Fu(')630 3157 y(is)c(app)s(ended)f(b)s(efore)h(pathname)g -(expansion.)150 3313 y Ft(display-shell-version)25 b(\(C-x)k(C-v\))630 -3422 y Fu(Displa)m(y)j(v)m(ersion)e(information)h(ab)s(out)f(the)h -(curren)m(t)f(instance)h(of)f(Bash.)150 3577 y Ft(shell-expand-line)c -(\(M-C-e\))630 3687 y Fu(Expand)34 b(the)h(line)h(as)g(the)f(shell)h +Ft(*)p Fu(')630 4317 y(is)c(app)s(ended)f(b)s(efore)h(pathname)g +(expansion.)150 4475 y Ft(display-shell-version)25 b(\(C-x)k(C-v\))630 +4585 y Fu(Displa)m(y)j(v)m(ersion)e(information)h(ab)s(out)f(the)h +(curren)m(t)f(instance)h(of)f(Bash.)150 4743 y Ft(shell-expand-line)c +(\(M-C-e\))630 4853 y Fu(Expand)34 b(the)h(line)h(as)g(the)f(shell)h (do)s(es.)55 b(This)34 b(p)s(erforms)g(alias)i(and)f(history)g -(expansion)630 3797 y(as)f(w)m(ell)g(as)g(all)h(of)e(the)h(shell)g(w)m +(expansion)630 4963 y(as)f(w)m(ell)g(as)g(all)h(of)e(the)h(shell)g(w)m (ord)f(expansions)g(\(see)i(Section)f(3.5)h([Shell)e(Expansions],)630 -3906 y(page)e(22\).)150 4061 y Ft(history-expand-line)25 -b(\(M-^\))630 4171 y Fu(P)m(erform)30 b(history)h(expansion)f(on)g(the) -h(curren)m(t)f(line.)150 4326 y Ft(magic-space)d(\(\))630 -4436 y Fu(P)m(erform)c(history)g(expansion)g(on)g(the)g(curren)m(t)g -(line)g(and)g(insert)g(a)g(space)h(\(see)g(Section)g(9.3)630 -4545 y([History)31 b(In)m(teraction],)i(page)e(148\).)150 -4701 y Ft(alias-expand-line)26 b(\(\))630 4810 y Fu(P)m(erform)i(alias) -i(expansion)e(on)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(line)h(\(see)g(Section)g(6.6)h -([Aliases],)g(page)f(94\).)150 4966 y Ft(history-and-alias-expand)o -(-lin)o(e)24 b(\(\))630 5075 y Fu(P)m(erform)30 b(history)h(and)e -(alias)j(expansion)e(on)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(line.)150 -5230 y Ft(insert-last-argument)25 b(\(M-.)k(or)h(M-_\))630 -5340 y Fu(A)g(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Ft(yank-last-arg)p Fu(.)p -eop end +5072 y(page)e(22\).)150 5230 y Ft(history-expand-line)25 +b(\(M-^\))630 5340 y Fu(P)m(erform)30 b(history)h(expansion)f(on)g(the) +h(curren)m(t)f(line.)p eop end %%Page: 137 143 TeXDict begin 137 142 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 -b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(137)150 299 y Ft -(edit-and-execute-command)24 b(\(C-x)29 b(C-e\))630 408 -y Fu(In)m(v)m(ok)m(e)34 b(an)f(editor)g(on)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f +b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(137)150 299 y Ft(magic-space)27 +b(\(\))630 408 y Fu(P)m(erform)c(history)g(expansion)g(on)g(the)g +(curren)m(t)g(line)g(and)g(insert)g(a)g(space)h(\(see)g(Section)g(9.3) +630 518 y([History)31 b(In)m(teraction],)i(page)e(148\).)150 +663 y Ft(alias-expand-line)26 b(\(\))630 773 y Fu(P)m(erform)i(alias)i +(expansion)e(on)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(line)h(\(see)g(Section)g(6.6)h +([Aliases],)g(page)f(94\).)150 918 y Ft(history-and-alias-expand)o +(-lin)o(e)24 b(\(\))630 1028 y Fu(P)m(erform)30 b(history)h(and)e +(alias)j(expansion)e(on)g(the)h(curren)m(t)f(line.)150 +1173 y Ft(insert-last-argument)25 b(\(M-.)k(or)h(M-_\))630 +1283 y Fu(A)g(synon)m(ym)g(for)g Ft(yank-last-arg)p Fu(.)150 +1428 y Ft(edit-and-execute-command)24 b(\(C-x)29 b(C-e\))630 +1538 y Fu(In)m(v)m(ok)m(e)34 b(an)f(editor)g(on)g(the)g(curren)m(t)f (command)h(line,)h(and)e(execute)i(the)f(result)g(as)g(shell)630 -518 y(commands.)81 b(Bash)44 b(attempts)h(to)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)h +1647 y(commands.)81 b(Bash)44 b(attempts)h(to)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(e)h Ft($VISUAL)p Fu(,)f Ft($EDITOR)p Fu(,)h(and)d Ft(emacs)g -Fu(as)h(the)630 628 y(editor,)31 b(in)f(that)h(order.)150 -893 y Fs(8.5)68 b(Readline)47 b(vi)e(Mo)t(de)150 1052 +Fu(as)h(the)630 1757 y(editor,)31 b(in)f(that)h(order.)150 +1983 y Fs(8.5)68 b(Readline)47 b(vi)e(Mo)t(de)150 2143 y Fu(While)32 b(the)g(Readline)g(library)f(do)s(es)g(not)h(ha)m(v)m(e)h (a)f(full)f(set)h(of)g Ft(vi)f Fu(editing)h(functions,)f(it)h(do)s(es)g -(con)m(tain)150 1162 y(enough)i(to)h(allo)m(w)g(simple)f(editing)h(of)f +(con)m(tain)150 2252 y(enough)i(to)h(allo)m(w)g(simple)f(editing)h(of)f (the)g(line.)52 b(The)34 b(Readline)g Ft(vi)g Fu(mo)s(de)f(b)s(eha)m(v) -m(es)i(as)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(in)150 1271 y(the)e Fm(posix)e -Fu(standard.)275 1422 y(In)35 b(order)g(to)i(switc)m(h)f(in)m(teractiv) +m(es)i(as)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(in)150 2362 y(the)e Fm(posix)e +Fu(standard.)275 2489 y(In)35 b(order)g(to)i(switc)m(h)f(in)m(teractiv) m(ely)j(b)s(et)m(w)m(een)d Ft(emacs)f Fu(and)g Ft(vi)g Fu(editing)h(mo)s(des,)h(use)f(the)g(`)p Ft(set)30 b(-o)150 -1532 y(emacs)p Fu(')43 b(and)h(`)p Ft(set)30 b(-o)f(vi)p +2599 y(emacs)p Fu(')43 b(and)h(`)p Ft(set)30 b(-o)f(vi)p Fu(')44 b(commands)g(\(see)i(Section)f(4.3.1)h([The)e(Set)h(Builtin],)j -(page)e(62\).)83 b(The)150 1641 y(Readline)31 b(default)g(is)f -Ft(emacs)f Fu(mo)s(de.)275 1792 y(When)g(y)m(ou)i(en)m(ter)f(a)h(line)f +(page)e(62\).)83 b(The)150 2709 y(Readline)31 b(default)g(is)f +Ft(emacs)f Fu(mo)s(de.)275 2836 y(When)g(y)m(ou)i(en)m(ter)f(a)h(line)f (in)g Ft(vi)f Fu(mo)s(de,)h(y)m(ou)h(are)f(already)h(placed)f(in)g -(`insertion')g(mo)s(de,)g(as)h(if)f(y)m(ou)150 1902 y(had)f(t)m(yp)s +(`insertion')g(mo)s(de,)g(as)h(if)f(y)m(ou)150 2946 y(had)f(t)m(yp)s (ed)g(an)g(`)p Ft(i)p Fu('.)41 b(Pressing)29 b Ft(ESC)f Fu(switc)m(hes)i(y)m(ou)g(in)m(to)h(`command')e(mo)s(de,)h(where)e(y)m -(ou)i(can)g(edit)g(the)150 2011 y(text)35 b(of)f(the)g(line)g(with)f +(ou)i(can)g(edit)g(the)150 3055 y(text)35 b(of)f(the)g(line)g(with)f (the)h(standard)f Ft(vi)g Fu(mo)m(v)m(emen)m(t)j(k)m(eys,)g(mo)m(v)m(e) -f(to)f(previous)g(history)f(lines)h(with)150 2121 y(`)p +f(to)f(previous)g(history)f(lines)h(with)150 3165 y(`)p Ft(k)p Fu(')d(and)e(subsequen)m(t)h(lines)h(with)f(`)p -Ft(j)p Fu(',)g(and)g(so)h(forth.)150 2386 y Fs(8.6)68 -b(Programmable)47 b(Completion)150 2545 y Fu(When)25 +Ft(j)p Fu(',)g(and)g(so)h(forth.)150 3391 y Fs(8.6)68 +b(Programmable)47 b(Completion)150 3551 y Fu(When)25 b(w)m(ord)g(completion)i(is)f(attempted)g(for)g(an)f(argumen)m(t)h(to)g -(a)g(command)f(for)h(whic)m(h)f(a)h(completion)150 2655 +(a)g(command)f(for)h(whic)m(h)f(a)h(completion)150 3660 y(sp)s(eci\014cation)40 b(\(a)h Fr(compsp)s(ec)6 b Fu(\))39 b(has)h(b)s(een)f(de\014ned)f(using)h(the)h Ft(complete)d -Fu(builtin)j(\(see)g(Section)h(8.7)150 2764 y([Programmable)h +Fu(builtin)j(\(see)g(Section)h(8.7)150 3770 y([Programmable)h (Completion)f(Builtins],)k(page)d(139\),)j(the)c(programmable)g -(completion)i(facilities)150 2874 y(are)31 b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)275 -3025 y(First,)23 b(the)e(command)g(name)g(is)h(iden)m(ti\014ed.)37 +(completion)i(facilities)150 3880 y(are)31 b(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)275 +4007 y(First,)23 b(the)e(command)g(name)g(is)h(iden)m(ti\014ed.)37 b(If)21 b(a)g(compsp)s(ec)g(has)g(b)s(een)f(de\014ned)g(for)h(that)h -(command,)150 3134 y(the)44 b(compsp)s(ec)g(is)g(used)f(to)h(generate)i +(command,)150 4117 y(the)44 b(compsp)s(ec)g(is)g(used)f(to)h(generate)i (the)e(list)g(of)g(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(for)e(the)h(w)m(ord.)81 -b(If)44 b(the)150 3244 y(command)36 b(w)m(ord)g(is)g(the)g(empt)m(y)h +b(If)44 b(the)150 4226 y(command)36 b(w)m(ord)g(is)g(the)g(empt)m(y)h (string)f(\(completion)i(attempted)f(at)g(the)g(b)s(eginning)e(of)h(an) -h(empt)m(y)150 3354 y(line\),)30 b(an)m(y)g(compsp)s(ec)f(de\014ned)f +h(empt)m(y)150 4336 y(line\),)30 b(an)m(y)g(compsp)s(ec)f(de\014ned)f (with)h(the)h Ft(-E)e Fu(option)i(to)g Ft(complete)d Fu(is)i(used.)40 b(If)29 b(the)g(command)g(w)m(ord)150 -3463 y(is)e(a)h(full)e(pathname,)i(a)g(compsp)s(ec)e(for)h(the)g(full)g +4445 y(is)e(a)h(full)e(pathname,)i(a)g(compsp)s(ec)e(for)h(the)g(full)g (pathname)g(is)g(searc)m(hed)h(for)f(\014rst.)39 b(If)26 -b(no)h(compsp)s(ec)g(is)150 3573 y(found)22 b(for)g(the)h(full)g +b(no)h(compsp)s(ec)g(is)150 4555 y(found)22 b(for)g(the)h(full)g (pathname,)h(an)f(attempt)h(is)f(made)g(to)g(\014nd)f(a)h(compsp)s(ec)f -(for)h(the)g(p)s(ortion)f(follo)m(wing)150 3682 y(the)34 +(for)h(the)g(p)s(ortion)f(follo)m(wing)150 4665 y(the)34 b(\014nal)g(slash.)53 b(If)34 b(those)g(searc)m(hes)i(do)e(not)g (result)h(in)f(a)g(compsp)s(ec,)h(an)m(y)g(compsp)s(ec)f(de\014ned)f -(with)150 3792 y(the)k Ft(-D)g Fu(option)g(to)h Ft(complete)d +(with)150 4774 y(the)k Ft(-D)g Fu(option)g(to)h Ft(complete)d Fu(is)i(used)g(as)g(the)g(default.)61 b(If)37 b(there)g(is)h(no)f -(default)g(compsp)s(ec,)i(Bash)150 3901 y(attempts)e(alias)h(expansion) +(default)g(compsp)s(ec,)i(Bash)150 4884 y(attempts)e(alias)h(expansion) e(on)g(the)h(command)f(w)m(ord)g(as)h(a)f(\014nal)g(resort,)j(and)c -(attempts)j(to)f(\014nd)e(a)150 4011 y(compsp)s(ec)30 +(attempts)j(to)f(\014nd)e(a)150 4993 y(compsp)s(ec)30 b(for)g(the)h(command)f(w)m(ord)g(from)g(an)m(y)h(successful)f -(expansion)275 4162 y(Once)k(a)g(compsp)s(ec)g(has)g(b)s(een)f(found,)h +(expansion)275 5121 y(Once)k(a)g(compsp)s(ec)g(has)g(b)s(een)f(found,)h (it)h(is)f(used)f(to)i(generate)h(the)e(list)h(of)f(matc)m(hing)h(w)m -(ords.)51 b(If)150 4271 y(a)37 b(compsp)s(ec)f(is)g(not)h(found,)f(the) +(ords.)51 b(If)150 5230 y(a)37 b(compsp)s(ec)f(is)g(not)h(found,)f(the) h(default)f(Bash)h(completion)g(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)f -(Section)g(8.4.6)150 4381 y([Commands)30 b(F)-8 b(or)31 -b(Completion],)g(page)g(132\))h(is)f(p)s(erformed.)275 -4532 y(First,)g(the)g(actions)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)h(the)f(compsp)s -(ec)h(are)g(used.)40 b(Only)30 b(matc)m(hes)i(whic)m(h)e(are)h -(pre\014xed)150 4641 y(b)m(y)h(the)f(w)m(ord)h(b)s(eing)f(completed)h -(are)g(returned.)44 b(When)31 b(the)h Ft(-f)f Fu(or)h -Ft(-d)f Fu(option)h(is)f(used)g(for)h(\014lename)150 -4751 y(or)e(directory)h(name)f(completion,)i(the)e(shell)h(v)-5 -b(ariable)31 b Ft(FIGNORE)d Fu(is)i(used)f(to)i(\014lter)g(the)f(matc)m -(hes.)42 b(See)150 4860 y(Section)31 b(5.2)h([Bash)e(V)-8 +(Section)g(8.4.6)150 5340 y([Commands)30 b(F)-8 b(or)31 +b(Completion],)g(page)g(133\))h(is)f(p)s(erformed.)p +eop end +%%Page: 138 144 +TeXDict begin 138 143 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 +b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(138)275 299 y(First,)31 +b(the)g(actions)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y)h(the)f(compsp)s(ec)h(are)g +(used.)40 b(Only)30 b(matc)m(hes)i(whic)m(h)e(are)h(pre\014xed)150 +408 y(b)m(y)h(the)f(w)m(ord)h(b)s(eing)f(completed)h(are)g(returned.)44 +b(When)31 b(the)h Ft(-f)f Fu(or)h Ft(-d)f Fu(option)h(is)f(used)g(for)h +(\014lename)150 518 y(or)e(directory)h(name)f(completion,)i(the)e +(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)31 b Ft(FIGNORE)d Fu(is)i(used)f(to)i(\014lter) +g(the)f(matc)m(hes.)42 b(See)150 628 y(Section)31 b(5.2)h([Bash)e(V)-8 b(ariables],)33 b(page)e(73,)g(for)f(a)h(description)g(of)f -Ft(FIGNORE)p Fu(.)275 5011 y(An)m(y)22 b(completions)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f +Ft(FIGNORE)p Fu(.)275 769 y(An)m(y)22 b(completions)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f (b)m(y)g(a)h(\014lename)f(expansion)h(pattern)f(to)h(the)g -Ft(-G)e Fu(option)i(are)g(generated)150 5121 y(next.)41 +Ft(-G)e Fu(option)i(are)g(generated)150 878 y(next.)41 b(The)29 b(w)m(ords)g(generated)h(b)m(y)g(the)g(pattern)f(need)h(not)f (matc)m(h)i(the)f(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)g(completed.)41 -b(The)150 5230 y Ft(GLOBIGNORE)29 b Fu(shell)i(v)-5 b(ariable)32 +b(The)150 988 y Ft(GLOBIGNORE)29 b Fu(shell)i(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(is)g(not)g(used)e(to)i(\014lter)g(the)g(matc)m(hes,)h(but)d(the)i -Ft(FIGNORE)e Fu(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)150 5340 y(is)30 -b(used.)p eop end -%%Page: 138 144 -TeXDict begin 138 143 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 -b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(138)275 299 y(Next,)39 -b(the)f(string)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)h(the)g(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(the)f -Ft(-W)f Fu(option)i(is)f(considered.)60 b(The)37 b(string)150 -408 y(is)c(\014rst)e(split)i(using)f(the)h(c)m(haracters)h(in)e(the)h -Ft(IFS)e Fu(sp)s(ecial)j(v)-5 b(ariable)33 b(as)g(delimiters.)48 -b(Shell)32 b(quoting)h(is)150 518 y(honored)f(within)h(the)g(string,)h -(in)f(order)f(to)i(pro)m(vide)f(a)h(mec)m(hanism)f(for)g(the)g(w)m -(ords)g(to)g(con)m(tain)i(shell)150 628 y(metac)m(haracters)e(or)e(c)m -(haracters)i(in)e(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g Ft(IFS)p -Fu(.)42 b(Eac)m(h)32 b(w)m(ord)e(is)h(then)g(expanded)f(using)h(brace) -150 737 y(expansion,)g(tilde)h(expansion,)f(parameter)g(and)g(v)-5 -b(ariable)32 b(expansion,)f(command)f(substitution,)i(and)150 -847 y(arithmetic)c(expansion,)f(as)g(describ)s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i -(\(see)h(Section)f(3.5)g([Shell)g(Expansions],)g(page)g(22\).)40 -b(The)150 956 y(results)23 b(are)h(split)g(using)f(the)h(rules)f -(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)g(Section)f(3.5.7)h([W)-8 -b(ord)24 b(Splitting],)i(page)e(32\).)150 1066 y(The)j(results)h(of)f -(the)h(expansion)g(are)g(pre\014x-matc)m(hed)g(against)h(the)f(w)m(ord) -f(b)s(eing)g(completed,)j(and)d(the)150 1176 y(matc)m(hing)k(w)m(ords)f -(b)s(ecome)h(the)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)275 1313 -y(After)f(these)g(matc)m(hes)i(ha)m(v)m(e)f(b)s(een)f(generated,)h(an)m -(y)g(shell)f(function)g(or)g(command)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(with)150 -1422 y(the)36 b Ft(-F)f Fu(and)g Ft(-C)g Fu(options)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok) -m(ed.)59 b(When)35 b(the)h(command)g(or)f(function)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m -(ed,)i(the)e Ft(COMP_)150 1532 y(LINE)p Fu(,)42 b Ft(COMP_POINT)p +Ft(FIGNORE)e Fu(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariable)150 1097 y(is)30 +b(used.)275 1238 y(Next,)39 b(the)f(string)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)h(the) +g(argumen)m(t)h(to)g(the)f Ft(-W)f Fu(option)i(is)f(considered.)60 +b(The)37 b(string)150 1348 y(is)c(\014rst)e(split)i(using)f(the)h(c)m +(haracters)h(in)e(the)h Ft(IFS)e Fu(sp)s(ecial)j(v)-5 +b(ariable)33 b(as)g(delimiters.)48 b(Shell)32 b(quoting)h(is)150 +1457 y(honored)f(within)h(the)g(string,)h(in)f(order)f(to)i(pro)m(vide) +f(a)h(mec)m(hanism)f(for)g(the)g(w)m(ords)g(to)g(con)m(tain)i(shell)150 +1567 y(metac)m(haracters)e(or)e(c)m(haracters)i(in)e(the)g(v)-5 +b(alue)31 b(of)g Ft(IFS)p Fu(.)42 b(Eac)m(h)32 b(w)m(ord)e(is)h(then)g +(expanded)f(using)h(brace)150 1677 y(expansion,)g(tilde)h(expansion,)f +(parameter)g(and)g(v)-5 b(ariable)32 b(expansion,)f(command)f +(substitution,)i(and)150 1786 y(arithmetic)c(expansion,)f(as)g(describ) +s(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)i(\(see)h(Section)f(3.5)g([Shell)g(Expansions],)g +(page)g(22\).)40 b(The)150 1896 y(results)23 b(are)h(split)g(using)f +(the)h(rules)f(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)g(Section)f(3.5.7) +h([W)-8 b(ord)24 b(Splitting],)i(page)e(32\).)150 2005 +y(The)j(results)h(of)f(the)h(expansion)g(are)g(pre\014x-matc)m(hed)g +(against)h(the)f(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)g(completed,)j(and)d(the)150 +2115 y(matc)m(hing)k(w)m(ords)f(b)s(ecome)h(the)g(p)s(ossible)f +(completions.)275 2256 y(After)f(these)g(matc)m(hes)i(ha)m(v)m(e)f(b)s +(een)f(generated,)h(an)m(y)g(shell)f(function)g(or)g(command)g(sp)s +(eci\014ed)f(with)150 2365 y(the)36 b Ft(-F)f Fu(and)g +Ft(-C)g Fu(options)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)59 b(When)35 +b(the)h(command)g(or)f(function)h(is)g(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)i(the)e +Ft(COMP_)150 2475 y(LINE)p Fu(,)42 b Ft(COMP_POINT)p Fu(,)d Ft(COMP_KEY)p Fu(,)i(and)e Ft(COMP_TYPE)f Fu(v)-5 b(ariables)41 b(are)f(assigned)g(v)-5 b(alues)41 b(as)f(describ)s(ed) -150 1641 y(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)34 b(\(see)g(Section)g(5.2)g([Bash)f(V)-8 +150 2585 y(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)34 b(\(see)g(Section)g(5.2)g([Bash)f(V)-8 b(ariables],)36 b(page)d(73\).)50 b(If)33 b(a)g(shell)g(function)g(is)g -(b)s(eing)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)k(the)150 1751 y Ft(COMP_WORDS)j +(b)s(eing)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)k(the)150 2694 y Ft(COMP_WORDS)j Fu(and)i Ft(COMP_CWORD)d Fu(v)-5 b(ariables)42 b(are)g(also)h(set.)74 -b(When)41 b(the)h(function)f(or)h(command)f(is)150 1861 +b(When)41 b(the)h(function)f(or)h(command)f(is)150 2804 y(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed,)c(the)e(\014rst)f(argumen)m(t)h(\($1\))h(is)e(the)h (name)g(of)f(the)h(command)f(whose)h(argumen)m(ts)f(are)h(b)s(eing)150 -1970 y(completed,)30 b(the)f(second)f(argumen)m(t)h(\($2\))h(is)f(the)g +2913 y(completed,)30 b(the)f(second)f(argumen)m(t)h(\($2\))h(is)f(the)g (w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)g(completed,)i(and)e(the)h(third)e(argumen)m(t)150 -2080 y(\($3\))40 b(is)f(the)f(w)m(ord)h(preceding)f(the)h(w)m(ord)f(b)s +3023 y(\($3\))40 b(is)f(the)f(w)m(ord)h(preceding)f(the)h(w)m(ord)f(b)s (eing)g(completed)i(on)e(the)h(curren)m(t)f(command)h(line.)65 -b(No)150 2189 y(\014ltering)33 b(of)h(the)f(generated)h(completions)g +b(No)150 3133 y(\014ltering)33 b(of)h(the)f(generated)h(completions)g (against)h(the)e(w)m(ord)g(b)s(eing)f(completed)i(is)g(p)s(erformed;)f -(the)150 2299 y(function)d(or)g(command)h(has)f(complete)i(freedom)e -(in)g(generating)h(the)g(matc)m(hes.)275 2436 y(An)m(y)j(function)h(sp) +(the)150 3242 y(function)d(or)g(command)h(has)f(complete)i(freedom)e +(in)g(generating)h(the)g(matc)m(hes.)275 3383 y(An)m(y)j(function)h(sp) s(eci\014ed)f(with)g Ft(-F)g Fu(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)h(\014rst.)53 b(The)35 b(function)f(ma)m(y)h(use)g(an)m(y)g(of)g(the)g(shell)150 -2545 y(facilities,)50 b(including)44 b(the)h Ft(compgen)d +3493 y(facilities,)50 b(including)44 b(the)h Ft(compgen)d Fu(and)i Ft(compopt)e Fu(builtins)i(describ)s(ed)f(b)s(elo)m(w)h(\(see) -i(Section)f(8.7)150 2655 y([Programmable)31 b(Completion)h(Builtins],)f +i(Section)f(8.7)150 3602 y([Programmable)31 b(Completion)h(Builtins],)f (page)h(139\),)g(to)g(generate)g(the)f(matc)m(hes.)42 -b(It)31 b(m)m(ust)g(put)f(the)150 2765 y(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h +b(It)31 b(m)m(ust)g(put)f(the)150 3712 y(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h (in)f(the)h Ft(COMPREPLY)d Fu(arra)m(y)j(v)-5 b(ariable,)31 -b(one)g(p)s(er)e(arra)m(y)i(elemen)m(t.)275 2902 y(Next,)26 +b(one)g(p)s(er)e(arra)m(y)i(elemen)m(t.)275 3853 y(Next,)26 b(an)m(y)f(command)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(with)g(the)h Ft(-C)f Fu(option)h(is)f(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed)i(in)e(an)g(en)m(vironmen)m(t)h -(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)150 3011 y(to)26 b(command)e(substitution.)39 +(equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)150 3962 y(to)26 b(command)e(substitution.)39 b(It)25 b(should)f(prin)m(t)h(a)g(list)h(of)f(completions,)i(one)e(p)s -(er)f(line,)j(to)f(the)f(standard)150 3121 y(output.)40 +(er)f(line,)j(to)f(the)f(standard)150 4072 y(output.)40 b(Bac)m(kslash)32 b(ma)m(y)f(b)s(e)f(used)g(to)h(escap)s(e)g(a)f -(newline,)h(if)f(necessary)-8 b(.)275 3258 y(After)24 +(newline,)h(if)f(necessary)-8 b(.)275 4213 y(After)24 b(all)i(of)f(the)f(p)s(ossible)g(completions)i(are)f(generated,)i(an)m (y)e(\014lter)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(with)i(the)g Ft(-X)e -Fu(option)150 3367 y(is)34 b(applied)g(to)g(the)h(list.)52 +Fu(option)150 4322 y(is)34 b(applied)g(to)g(the)h(list.)52 b(The)33 b(\014lter)h(is)g(a)h(pattern)f(as)g(used)f(for)h(pathname)g -(expansion;)i(a)e(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(')g(in)g(the)150 3477 +(expansion;)i(a)e(`)p Ft(&)p Fu(')g(in)g(the)150 4432 y(pattern)28 b(is)f(replaced)h(with)g(the)f(text)i(of)f(the)f(w)m(ord)h (b)s(eing)f(completed.)40 b(A)28 b(literal)h(`)p Ft(&)p -Fu(')f(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(escap)s(ed)150 3587 y(with)38 +Fu(')f(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)f(escap)s(ed)150 4542 y(with)38 b(a)h(bac)m(kslash;)k(the)38 b(bac)m(kslash)h(is)g(remo)m(v)m(ed)g(b)s (efore)f(attempting)h(a)g(matc)m(h.)65 b(An)m(y)39 b(completion)150 -3696 y(that)32 b(matc)m(hes)g(the)g(pattern)g(will)f(b)s(e)g(remo)m(v)m +4651 y(that)32 b(matc)m(hes)g(the)g(pattern)g(will)f(b)s(e)g(remo)m(v)m (ed)h(from)f(the)h(list.)44 b(A)32 b(leading)g(`)p Ft(!)p -Fu(')f(negates)i(the)f(pattern;)150 3806 y(in)d(this)g(case)h(an)m(y)g +Fu(')f(negates)i(the)f(pattern;)150 4761 y(in)d(this)g(case)h(an)m(y)g (completion)h(not)e(matc)m(hing)h(the)g(pattern)f(will)h(b)s(e)e(remo)m -(v)m(ed.)42 b(If)29 b(the)g Ft(nocasematch)150 3915 y +(v)m(ed.)42 b(If)29 b(the)g Ft(nocasematch)150 4870 y Fu(shell)k(option)f(\(see)i(the)e(description)g(of)h Ft(shopt)e Fu(in)h(Section)h(4.3.2)h([The)e(Shopt)g(Builtin],)h(page)g -(66\))h(is)150 4025 y(enabled,)d(the)f(matc)m(h)h(is)g(p)s(erformed)e +(66\))h(is)150 4980 y(enabled,)d(the)f(matc)m(h)h(is)g(p)s(erformed)e (without)h(regard)g(to)h(the)g(case)g(of)g(alphab)s(etic)g(c)m -(haracters.)275 4162 y(Finally)-8 b(,)42 b(an)m(y)c(pre\014x)g(and)f +(haracters.)275 5121 y(Finally)-8 b(,)42 b(an)m(y)c(pre\014x)g(and)f (su\016x)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(with)i(the)f Ft(-P)g Fu(and)g -Ft(-S)f Fu(options)i(are)g(added)f(to)h(eac)m(h)150 4271 +Ft(-S)f Fu(options)i(are)g(added)f(to)h(eac)m(h)150 5230 y(mem)m(b)s(er)31 b(of)g(the)h(completion)h(list,)f(and)f(the)h(result) f(is)h(returned)e(to)i(the)g(Readline)g(completion)h(co)s(de)150 -4381 y(as)e(the)f(list)h(of)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)275 -4518 y(If)d(the)h(previously-applied)f(actions)i(do)f(not)g(generate)h -(an)m(y)f(matc)m(hes,)i(and)d(the)h Ft(-o)h(dirnames)d -Fu(op-)150 4628 y(tion)j(w)m(as)f(supplied)f(to)i Ft(complete)d -Fu(when)h(the)h(compsp)s(ec)g(w)m(as)g(de\014ned,)g(directory)g(name)h -(completion)150 4737 y(is)h(attempted.)275 4874 y(If)35 -b(the)g Ft(-o)30 b(plusdirs)j Fu(option)j(w)m(as)g(supplied)e(to)i -Ft(complete)e Fu(when)g(the)i(compsp)s(ec)f(w)m(as)h(de\014ned,)150 -4984 y(directory)g(name)f(completion)i(is)e(attempted)h(and)f(an)m(y)h +5340 y(as)e(the)f(list)h(of)g(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)p +eop end +%%Page: 139 145 +TeXDict begin 139 144 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 +b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(139)275 299 y(If)27 +b(the)h(previously-applied)f(actions)i(do)f(not)g(generate)h(an)m(y)f +(matc)m(hes,)i(and)d(the)h Ft(-o)h(dirnames)d Fu(op-)150 +408 y(tion)j(w)m(as)f(supplied)f(to)i Ft(complete)d Fu(when)h(the)h +(compsp)s(ec)g(w)m(as)g(de\014ned,)g(directory)g(name)h(completion)150 +518 y(is)h(attempted.)275 653 y(If)35 b(the)g Ft(-o)30 +b(plusdirs)j Fu(option)j(w)m(as)g(supplied)e(to)i Ft(complete)e +Fu(when)g(the)i(compsp)s(ec)f(w)m(as)h(de\014ned,)150 +763 y(directory)g(name)f(completion)i(is)e(attempted)h(and)f(an)m(y)h (matc)m(hes)g(are)g(added)f(to)h(the)f(results)g(of)h(the)150 -5093 y(other)31 b(actions.)275 5230 y(By)g(default,)i(if)e(a)h(compsp)s +873 y(other)31 b(actions.)275 1008 y(By)g(default,)i(if)e(a)h(compsp)s (ec)f(is)h(found,)f(whatev)m(er)h(it)g(generates)h(is)e(returned)g(to)h -(the)g(completion)150 5340 y(co)s(de)21 b(as)g(the)g(full)g(set)g(of)g +(the)g(completion)150 1117 y(co)s(de)21 b(as)g(the)g(full)g(set)g(of)g (p)s(ossible)f(completions.)39 b(The)20 b(default)h(Bash)g(completions) -h(are)g(not)f(attempted,)p eop end -%%Page: 139 145 -TeXDict begin 139 144 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 -b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(139)150 299 y(and)30 -b(the)g(Readline)h(default)f(of)g(\014lename)h(completion)g(is)f -(disabled.)41 b(If)29 b(the)i Ft(-o)e(bashdefault)e Fu(option)150 -408 y(w)m(as)d(supplied)e(to)j Ft(complete)c Fu(when)i(the)g(compsp)s -(ec)h(w)m(as)g(de\014ned,)g(the)f(default)h(Bash)g(completions)h(are) -150 518 y(attempted)j(if)f(the)h(compsp)s(ec)f(generates)h(no)f(matc)m -(hes.)41 b(If)27 b(the)g Ft(-o)j(default)25 b Fu(option)j(w)m(as)f -(supplied)f(to)150 628 y Ft(complete)f Fu(when)h(the)h(compsp)s(ec)f(w) -m(as)i(de\014ned,)e(Readline's)i(default)f(completion)h(will)f(b)s(e)f -(p)s(erformed)150 737 y(if)k(the)h(compsp)s(ec)f(\(and,)g(if)h -(attempted,)g(the)g(default)f(Bash)h(completions\))h(generate)g(no)e -(matc)m(hes.)275 873 y(When)20 b(a)i(compsp)s(ec)e(indicates)i(that)g -(directory)g(name)f(completion)h(is)f(desired,)i(the)e(programmable)150 -982 y(completion)31 b(functions)e(force)i(Readline)f(to)h(app)s(end)d +h(are)g(not)f(attempted,)150 1227 y(and)30 b(the)g(Readline)h(default)f +(of)g(\014lename)h(completion)g(is)f(disabled.)41 b(If)29 +b(the)i Ft(-o)e(bashdefault)e Fu(option)150 1337 y(w)m(as)d(supplied)e +(to)j Ft(complete)c Fu(when)i(the)g(compsp)s(ec)h(w)m(as)g(de\014ned,)g +(the)f(default)h(Bash)g(completions)h(are)150 1446 y(attempted)j(if)f +(the)h(compsp)s(ec)f(generates)h(no)f(matc)m(hes.)41 +b(If)27 b(the)g Ft(-o)j(default)25 b Fu(option)j(w)m(as)f(supplied)f +(to)150 1556 y Ft(complete)f Fu(when)h(the)h(compsp)s(ec)f(w)m(as)i +(de\014ned,)e(Readline's)i(default)f(completion)h(will)f(b)s(e)f(p)s +(erformed)150 1665 y(if)k(the)h(compsp)s(ec)f(\(and,)g(if)h(attempted,) +g(the)g(default)f(Bash)h(completions\))h(generate)g(no)e(matc)m(hes.) +275 1801 y(When)20 b(a)i(compsp)s(ec)e(indicates)i(that)g(directory)g +(name)f(completion)h(is)f(desired,)i(the)e(programmable)150 +1910 y(completion)31 b(functions)e(force)i(Readline)f(to)h(app)s(end)d (a)i(slash)g(to)g(completed)h(names)e(whic)m(h)h(are)g(sym-)150 -1092 y(b)s(olic)40 b(links)g(to)h(directories,)j(sub)5 +2020 y(b)s(olic)40 b(links)g(to)h(directories,)j(sub)5 b(ject)40 b(to)h(the)f(v)-5 b(alue)41 b(of)f(the)g Fr(mark-directories) -45 b Fu(Readline)c(v)-5 b(ariable,)150 1201 y(regardless)31 +45 b Fu(Readline)c(v)-5 b(ariable,)150 2130 y(regardless)31 b(of)f(the)h(setting)g(of)g(the)f Fr(mark-symlink)m(ed-directories)36 -b Fu(Readline)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable.)275 1337 y(There)25 +b Fu(Readline)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable.)275 2265 y(There)25 b(is)i(some)g(supp)s(ort)e(for)h(dynamically)h(mo)s(difying)f (completions.)40 b(This)26 b(is)g(most)h(useful)f(when)150 -1446 y(used)40 b(in)h(com)m(bination)i(with)e(a)g(default)h(completion) +2374 y(used)40 b(in)h(com)m(bination)i(with)e(a)g(default)h(completion) g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(with)g Ft(-D)p Fu(.)72 b(It's)42 b(p)s(ossible)f -(for)g(shell)150 1556 y(functions)28 b(executed)h(as)f(completion)i +(for)g(shell)150 2484 y(functions)28 b(executed)h(as)f(completion)i (handlers)d(to)i(indicate)g(that)g(completion)g(should)e(b)s(e)h -(retried)g(b)m(y)150 1666 y(returning)j(an)i(exit)g(status)f(of)h(124.) +(retried)g(b)m(y)150 2594 y(returning)j(an)i(exit)g(status)f(of)h(124.) 48 b(If)31 b(a)i(shell)f(function)g(returns)f(124,)k(and)c(c)m(hanges)j -(the)e(compsp)s(ec)150 1775 y(asso)s(ciated)43 b(with)e(the)g(command)g +(the)e(compsp)s(ec)150 2703 y(asso)s(ciated)43 b(with)e(the)g(command)g (on)g(whic)m(h)g(completion)i(is)e(b)s(eing)g(attempted)h(\(supplied)e -(as)i(the)150 1885 y(\014rst)29 b(argumen)m(t)h(when)e(the)i(function)f +(as)i(the)150 2813 y(\014rst)29 b(argumen)m(t)h(when)e(the)i(function)f (is)g(executed\),)j(programmable)d(completion)i(restarts)f(from)f(the) -150 1994 y(b)s(eginning,)e(with)g(an)h(attempt)g(to)g(\014nd)e(a)i(new) +150 2922 y(b)s(eginning,)e(with)g(an)h(attempt)g(to)g(\014nd)e(a)i(new) e(compsp)s(ec)i(for)f(that)h(command.)39 b(This)27 b(allo)m(ws)h(a)g -(set)g(of)150 2104 y(completions)33 b(to)f(b)s(e)g(built)f(dynamically) +(set)g(of)150 3032 y(completions)33 b(to)f(b)s(e)g(built)f(dynamically) i(as)f(completion)h(is)f(attempted,)h(rather)f(than)f(b)s(eing)g -(loaded)150 2214 y(all)g(at)g(once.)275 2349 y(F)-8 b(or)38 +(loaded)150 3142 y(all)g(at)g(once.)275 3277 y(F)-8 b(or)38 b(instance,)h(assuming)e(that)h(there)f(is)h(a)f(library)g(of)g(compsp) s(ecs,)i(eac)m(h)g(k)m(ept)e(in)g(a)h(\014le)f(corre-)150 -2459 y(sp)s(onding)g(to)j(the)f(name)f(of)h(the)g(command,)i(the)e +3386 y(sp)s(onding)g(to)j(the)f(name)f(of)h(the)g(command,)i(the)e (follo)m(wing)h(default)f(completion)h(function)e(w)m(ould)150 -2568 y(load)31 b(completions)g(dynamically:)390 2704 -y Ft(_completion_loader\(\))390 2813 y({)581 2923 y(.)47 +3496 y(load)31 b(completions)g(dynamically:)390 3631 +y Ft(_completion_loader\(\))390 3741 y({)581 3851 y(.)47 b("/etc/bash_completion.d/$1)o(.sh)o(")42 b(>/dev/null)j(2>&1)i(&&)g -(return)f(124)390 3032 y(})390 3142 y(complete)g(-D)h(-F)g +(return)f(124)390 3960 y(})390 4070 y(complete)g(-D)h(-F)g (_completion_loader)c(-o)k(bashdefault)e(-o)i(default)150 -3384 y Fs(8.7)68 b(Programmable)47 b(Completion)f(Builtins)150 -3543 y Fu(Three)21 b(builtin)g(commands)f(are)i(a)m(v)-5 +4312 y Fs(8.7)68 b(Programmable)47 b(Completion)f(Builtins)150 +4471 y Fu(Three)21 b(builtin)g(commands)f(are)i(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)24 b(to)e(manipulate)f(the)h(programmable)f(completion)h -(facilities:)150 3653 y(one)34 b(to)g(sp)s(ecify)f(ho)m(w)h(the)f +(facilities:)150 4581 y(one)34 b(to)g(sp)s(ecify)f(ho)m(w)h(the)f (argumen)m(ts)h(to)g(a)g(particular)g(command)f(are)h(to)g(b)s(e)f -(completed,)j(and)d(t)m(w)m(o)150 3763 y(to)e(mo)s(dify)f(the)g -(completion)i(as)e(it)h(is)g(happ)s(ening.)150 3923 y -Ft(compgen)870 4058 y(compgen)46 b([)p Fj(option)p Ft(])f([)p -Fj(word)p Ft(])630 4193 y Fu(Generate)27 b(p)s(ossible)e(completion)i +(completed,)j(and)d(t)m(w)m(o)150 4690 y(to)e(mo)s(dify)f(the)g +(completion)i(as)e(it)h(is)g(happ)s(ening.)150 4851 y +Ft(compgen)870 4986 y(compgen)46 b([)p Fj(option)p Ft(])f([)p +Fj(word)p Ft(])630 5121 y Fu(Generate)27 b(p)s(ossible)e(completion)i (matc)m(hes)g(for)e Fr(w)m(ord)k Fu(according)e(to)f(the)g -Fr(option)p Fu(s,)h(whic)m(h)630 4303 y(ma)m(y)32 b(b)s(e)f(an)m(y)h +Fr(option)p Fu(s,)h(whic)m(h)630 5230 y(ma)m(y)32 b(b)s(e)f(an)m(y)h (option)g(accepted)g(b)m(y)g(the)f Ft(complete)f Fu(builtin)h(with)g -(the)g(exception)i(of)f Ft(-p)630 4413 y Fu(and)39 b +(the)g(exception)i(of)f Ft(-p)630 5340 y Fu(and)39 b Ft(-r)p Fu(,)i(and)e(write)h(the)g(matc)m(hes)g(to)g(the)g(standard)f -(output.)68 b(When)39 b(using)g(the)h Ft(-F)630 4522 -y Fu(or)33 b Ft(-C)f Fu(options,)i(the)e(v)-5 b(arious)33 -b(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariables)33 b(set)g(b)m(y)g(the)g(programmable)g -(completion)630 4632 y(facilities,)g(while)d(a)m(v)-5 -b(ailable,)33 b(will)e(not)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(useful)f(v)-5 -b(alues.)630 4767 y(The)34 b(matc)m(hes)h(will)g(b)s(e)f(generated)h -(in)f(the)h(same)g(w)m(a)m(y)g(as)g(if)f(the)h(programmable)f(com-)630 -4876 y(pletion)d(co)s(de)g(had)f(generated)i(them)e(directly)i(from)e -(a)h(completion)h(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(with)630 4986 -y(the)e(same)h(\015ags.)40 b(If)29 b Fr(w)m(ord)j Fu(is)d(sp)s -(eci\014ed,)g(only)g(those)h(completions)g(matc)m(hing)g -Fr(w)m(ord)j Fu(will)630 5095 y(b)s(e)d(displa)m(y)m(ed.)630 -5230 y(The)24 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(is)g(true)f(unless)g(an)h(in) -m(v)-5 b(alid)25 b(option)g(is)g(supplied,)f(or)h(no)g(matc)m(hes)g(w)m -(ere)630 5340 y(generated.)p eop end +(output.)68 b(When)39 b(using)g(the)h Ft(-F)p eop end %%Page: 140 146 TeXDict begin 140 145 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 -b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(140)150 299 y Ft(complete)870 -432 y(complete)46 b([-abcdefgjksuv])d([-o)k Fj(comp-option)p -Ft(])e([-DEI])h([-A)h Fj(action)p Ft(])e([-)870 542 y(G)i -Fj(globpat)p Ft(])870 651 y([-W)g Fj(wordlist)p Ft(])e([-F)i -Fj(function)p Ft(])e([-C)i Fj(command)p Ft(])f([-X)h -Fj(filterpat)p Ft(])870 761 y([-P)g Fj(prefix)p Ft(])f([-S)h -Fj(suffix)p Ft(])e Fj(name)i Ft([)p Fj(name)f Ft(...])870 -870 y(complete)g(-pr)g([-DEI])h([)p Fj(name)f Ft(...)o(])630 -1003 y Fu(Sp)s(ecify)37 b(ho)m(w)h(argumen)m(ts)f(to)i(eac)m(h)g -Fr(name)j Fu(should)37 b(b)s(e)g(completed.)63 b(If)38 -b(the)f Ft(-p)g Fu(option)630 1113 y(is)30 b(supplied,)e(or)i(if)g(no)f -(options)h(are)g(supplied,)f(existing)h(completion)h(sp)s -(eci\014cations)g(are)630 1223 y(prin)m(ted)24 b(in)h(a)g(w)m(a)m(y)g +b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(140)630 299 y(or)33 +b Ft(-C)f Fu(options,)i(the)e(v)-5 b(arious)33 b(shell)g(v)-5 +b(ariables)33 b(set)g(b)m(y)g(the)g(programmable)g(completion)630 +408 y(facilities,)g(while)d(a)m(v)-5 b(ailable,)33 b(will)e(not)g(ha)m +(v)m(e)g(useful)f(v)-5 b(alues.)630 555 y(The)34 b(matc)m(hes)h(will)g +(b)s(e)f(generated)h(in)f(the)h(same)g(w)m(a)m(y)g(as)g(if)f(the)h +(programmable)f(com-)630 664 y(pletion)d(co)s(de)g(had)f(generated)i +(them)e(directly)i(from)e(a)h(completion)h(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(with) +630 774 y(the)e(same)h(\015ags.)40 b(If)29 b Fr(w)m(ord)j +Fu(is)d(sp)s(eci\014ed,)g(only)g(those)h(completions)g(matc)m(hing)g +Fr(w)m(ord)j Fu(will)630 883 y(b)s(e)d(displa)m(y)m(ed.)630 +1029 y(The)24 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(is)g(true)f(unless)g(an)h(in) +m(v)-5 b(alid)25 b(option)g(is)g(supplied,)f(or)h(no)g(matc)m(hes)g(w)m +(ere)630 1139 y(generated.)150 1322 y Ft(complete)870 +1468 y(complete)46 b([-abcdefgjksuv])d([-o)k Fj(comp-option)p +Ft(])e([-DEI])h([-A)h Fj(action)p Ft(])e([-)870 1577 +y(G)i Fj(globpat)p Ft(])870 1687 y([-W)g Fj(wordlist)p +Ft(])e([-F)i Fj(function)p Ft(])e([-C)i Fj(command)p +Ft(])f([-X)h Fj(filterpat)p Ft(])870 1797 y([-P)g Fj(prefix)p +Ft(])f([-S)h Fj(suffix)p Ft(])e Fj(name)i Ft([)p Fj(name)f +Ft(...])870 1906 y(complete)g(-pr)g([-DEI])h([)p Fj(name)f +Ft(...)o(])630 2052 y Fu(Sp)s(ecify)37 b(ho)m(w)h(argumen)m(ts)f(to)i +(eac)m(h)g Fr(name)j Fu(should)37 b(b)s(e)g(completed.)63 +b(If)38 b(the)f Ft(-p)g Fu(option)630 2162 y(is)30 b(supplied,)e(or)i +(if)g(no)f(options)h(are)g(supplied,)f(existing)h(completion)h(sp)s +(eci\014cations)g(are)630 2271 y(prin)m(ted)24 b(in)h(a)g(w)m(a)m(y)g (that)h(allo)m(ws)g(them)e(to)i(b)s(e)e(reused)f(as)i(input.)38 -b(The)24 b Ft(-r)g Fu(option)i(remo)m(v)m(es)630 1332 +b(The)24 b Ft(-r)g Fu(option)i(remo)m(v)m(es)630 2381 y(a)i(completion)h(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(for)g(eac)m(h)h Fr(name)p Fu(,)f(or,)h(if)e(no)h Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)27 -b(are)h(supplied,)g(all)g(com-)630 1442 y(pletion)i(sp)s +b(are)h(supplied,)g(all)g(com-)630 2491 y(pletion)i(sp)s (eci\014cations.)42 b(The)29 b Ft(-D)g Fu(option)h(indicates)h(that)f -(other)g(supplied)e(options)j(and)630 1551 y(actions)c(should)e(apply)g +(other)g(supplied)e(options)j(and)630 2600 y(actions)c(should)e(apply)g (to)i(the)f(\\default")h(command)e(completion;)k(that)e(is,)g -(completion)630 1661 y(attempted)g(on)f(a)h(command)f(for)g(whic)m(h)g +(completion)630 2710 y(attempted)g(on)f(a)h(command)f(for)g(whic)m(h)g (no)g(completion)i(has)d(previously)h(b)s(een)g(de\014ned.)630 -1771 y(The)e Ft(-E)g Fu(option)h(indicates)g(that)g(other)g(supplied)e -(options)h(and)g(actions)i(should)d(apply)h(to)630 1880 +2819 y(The)e Ft(-E)g Fu(option)h(indicates)g(that)g(other)g(supplied)e +(options)h(and)g(actions)i(should)d(apply)h(to)630 2929 y(\\empt)m(y")33 b(command)e(completion;)i(that)f(is,)g(completion)h -(attempted)f(on)g(a)f(blank)g(line.)630 1990 y(The)24 +(attempted)f(on)g(a)f(blank)g(line.)630 3039 y(The)24 b Ft(-I)g Fu(option)h(indicates)g(that)g(other)g(supplied)e(options)h -(and)g(actions)i(should)d(apply)h(to)630 2099 y(completion)29 +(and)g(actions)i(should)d(apply)h(to)630 3148 y(completion)29 b(on)g(the)f(initial)h(non-assignmen)m(t)g(w)m(ord)f(on)g(the)g(line,)i -(or)e(after)h(a)f(command)630 2209 y(delimiter)41 b(suc)m(h)g(as)f(`)p +(or)e(after)h(a)f(command)630 3258 y(delimiter)41 b(suc)m(h)g(as)f(`)p Ft(;)p Fu(')h(or)g(`)p Ft(|)p Fu(',)i(whic)m(h)e(is)f(usually)h -(command)f(name)h(completion.)72 b(If)630 2318 y(m)m(ultiple)26 +(command)f(name)h(completion.)72 b(If)630 3367 y(m)m(ultiple)26 b(options)g(are)g(supplied,)g(the)f Ft(-D)g Fu(option)h(tak)m(es)i (precedence)e(o)m(v)m(er)g Ft(-E)p Fu(,)h(and)e(b)s(oth)630 -2428 y(tak)m(e)34 b(precedence)f(o)m(v)m(er)h Ft(-I)p +3477 y(tak)m(e)34 b(precedence)f(o)m(v)m(er)h Ft(-I)p Fu(.)47 b(If)32 b(an)m(y)h(of)g Ft(-D)p Fu(,)g Ft(-E)p Fu(,)f(or)h Ft(-I)f Fu(are)h(supplied,)f(an)m(y)h(other)g -Fr(name)630 2538 y Fu(argumen)m(ts)k(are)g(ignored;)j(these)d +Fr(name)630 3587 y Fu(argumen)m(ts)k(are)g(ignored;)j(these)d (completions)h(only)e(apply)g(to)i(the)f(case)g(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(b)m(y) -630 2647 y(the)31 b(option.)630 2780 y(The)e(pro)s(cess)g(of)h +630 3696 y(the)31 b(option.)630 3842 y(The)e(pro)s(cess)g(of)h (applying)g(these)g(completion)g(sp)s(eci\014cations)h(when)d(w)m(ord)i -(completion)630 2890 y(is)35 b(attempted)h(is)f(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m +(completion)630 3952 y(is)35 b(attempted)h(is)f(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s(o)m (v)m(e)j(\(see)f(Section)g(8.6)g([Programmable)g(Completion],)630 -2999 y(page)31 b(137\).)630 3133 y(Other)d(options,)i(if)f(sp)s +4061 y(page)31 b(137\).)630 4208 y(Other)d(options,)i(if)f(sp)s (eci\014ed,)g(ha)m(v)m(e)h(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(meanings.)40 -b(The)29 b(argumen)m(ts)g(to)h(the)630 3242 y Ft(-G)p +b(The)29 b(argumen)m(ts)g(to)h(the)630 4317 y Ft(-G)p Fu(,)41 b Ft(-W)p Fu(,)h(and)c Ft(-X)h Fu(options)h(\(and,)h(if)f (necessary)-8 b(,)42 b(the)e Ft(-P)f Fu(and)f Ft(-S)h -Fu(options\))h(should)f(b)s(e)630 3352 y(quoted)28 b(to)h(protect)g +Fu(options\))h(should)f(b)s(e)630 4427 y(quoted)28 b(to)h(protect)g (them)f(from)f(expansion)h(b)s(efore)g(the)g Ft(complete)e -Fu(builtin)h(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)630 3508 y Ft(-o)i -Fj(comp-option)1110 3618 y Fu(The)c Fr(comp-option)i +Fu(builtin)h(is)h(in)m(v)m(ok)m(ed.)630 4609 y Ft(-o)i +Fj(comp-option)1110 4719 y Fu(The)c Fr(comp-option)i Fu(con)m(trols)g(sev)m(eral)h(asp)s(ects)e(of)g(the)g(compsp)s(ec's)g -(b)s(eha)m(v-)1110 3727 y(ior)g(b)s(ey)m(ond)f(the)g(simple)h +(b)s(eha)m(v-)1110 4829 y(ior)g(b)s(ey)m(ond)f(the)g(simple)h (generation)h(of)e(completions.)41 b Fr(comp-option)27 -b Fu(ma)m(y)1110 3837 y(b)s(e)j(one)g(of:)1110 3994 y -Ft(bashdefault)1590 4103 y Fu(P)m(erform)d(the)h(rest)f(of)h(the)g -(default)f(Bash)h(completions)g(if)g(the)1590 4213 y(compsp)s(ec)i -(generates)i(no)e(matc)m(hes.)1110 4369 y Ft(default)144 -b Fu(Use)22 b(Readline's)g(default)g(\014lename)g(completion)g(if)g -(the)g(comp-)1590 4479 y(sp)s(ec)30 b(generates)i(no)e(matc)m(hes.)1110 -4635 y Ft(dirnames)96 b Fu(P)m(erform)46 b(directory)g(name)h -(completion)g(if)f(the)g(compsp)s(ec)1590 4745 y(generates)32 -b(no)e(matc)m(hes.)1110 4902 y Ft(filenames)1590 5011 -y Fu(T)-8 b(ell)40 b(Readline)f(that)h(the)f(compsp)s(ec)f(generates)j -(\014lenames,)1590 5121 y(so)29 b(it)h(can)f(p)s(erform)f(an)m(y)h -(\014lename-sp)s(eci\014c)h(pro)s(cessing)e(\(lik)m(e)1590 -5230 y(adding)22 b(a)g(slash)g(to)h(directory)f(names,)i(quoting)f(sp)s -(ecial)f(c)m(har-)1590 5340 y(acters,)39 b(or)d(suppressing)f(trailing) -i(spaces\).)59 b(This)35 b(option)i(is)p eop end +b Fu(ma)m(y)1110 4938 y(b)s(e)j(one)g(of:)1110 5121 y +Ft(bashdefault)1590 5230 y Fu(P)m(erform)d(the)h(rest)f(of)h(the)g +(default)f(Bash)h(completions)g(if)g(the)1590 5340 y(compsp)s(ec)i +(generates)i(no)e(matc)m(hes.)p eop end %%Page: 141 147 TeXDict begin 141 146 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 -b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(141)1590 299 y(in)m(tended)30 +b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(141)1110 299 y Ft(default)144 +b Fu(Use)22 b(Readline's)g(default)g(\014lename)g(completion)g(if)g +(the)g(comp-)1590 408 y(sp)s(ec)30 b(generates)i(no)e(matc)m(hes.)1110 +570 y Ft(dirnames)96 b Fu(P)m(erform)46 b(directory)g(name)h +(completion)g(if)f(the)g(compsp)s(ec)1590 680 y(generates)32 +b(no)e(matc)m(hes.)1110 841 y Ft(filenames)1590 951 y +Fu(T)-8 b(ell)40 b(Readline)f(that)h(the)f(compsp)s(ec)f(generates)j +(\014lenames,)1590 1060 y(so)29 b(it)h(can)f(p)s(erform)f(an)m(y)h +(\014lename-sp)s(eci\014c)h(pro)s(cessing)e(\(lik)m(e)1590 +1170 y(adding)22 b(a)g(slash)g(to)h(directory)f(names,)i(quoting)f(sp)s +(ecial)f(c)m(har-)1590 1279 y(acters,)39 b(or)d(suppressing)f(trailing) +i(spaces\).)59 b(This)35 b(option)i(is)1590 1389 y(in)m(tended)30 b(to)g(b)s(e)g(used)f(with)g(shell)i(functions)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(with) -1590 408 y Ft(-F)p Fu(.)1110 565 y Ft(noquote)144 b Fu(T)-8 -b(ell)28 b(Readline)g(not)g(to)g(quote)g(the)g(completed)g(w)m(ords)f -(if)h(they)1590 675 y(are)j(\014lenames)f(\(quoting)h(\014lenames)g(is) -f(the)h(default\).)1110 831 y Ft(nosort)192 b Fu(T)-8 -b(ell)23 b(Readline)g(not)f(to)h(sort)g(the)f(list)h(of)f(p)s(ossible)g -(completions)1590 941 y(alphab)s(etically)-8 b(.)1110 -1097 y Ft(nospace)144 b Fu(T)-8 b(ell)40 b(Readline)g(not)g(to)g(app)s -(end)d(a)j(space)g(\(the)f(default\))h(to)1590 1207 y(w)m(ords)30 -b(completed)h(at)g(the)g(end)f(of)g(the)h(line.)1110 -1363 y Ft(plusdirs)96 b Fu(After)30 b(an)m(y)h(matc)m(hes)g(de\014ned)d -(b)m(y)i(the)g(compsp)s(ec)g(are)g(gener-)1590 1473 y(ated,)g +1590 1499 y Ft(-F)p Fu(.)1110 1660 y Ft(noquote)144 b +Fu(T)-8 b(ell)28 b(Readline)g(not)g(to)g(quote)g(the)g(completed)g(w)m +(ords)f(if)h(they)1590 1770 y(are)j(\014lenames)f(\(quoting)h +(\014lenames)g(is)f(the)h(default\).)1110 1931 y Ft(nosort)192 +b Fu(T)-8 b(ell)23 b(Readline)g(not)f(to)h(sort)g(the)f(list)h(of)f(p)s +(ossible)g(completions)1590 2041 y(alphab)s(etically)-8 +b(.)1110 2202 y Ft(nospace)144 b Fu(T)-8 b(ell)40 b(Readline)g(not)g +(to)g(app)s(end)d(a)j(space)g(\(the)f(default\))h(to)1590 +2312 y(w)m(ords)30 b(completed)h(at)g(the)g(end)f(of)g(the)h(line.)1110 +2473 y Ft(plusdirs)96 b Fu(After)30 b(an)m(y)h(matc)m(hes)g(de\014ned)d +(b)m(y)i(the)g(compsp)s(ec)g(are)g(gener-)1590 2583 y(ated,)g (directory)f(name)g(completion)i(is)d(attempted)i(and)f(an)m(y)1590 -1583 y(matc)m(hes)j(are)e(added)g(to)h(the)g(results)f(of)g(the)h -(other)g(actions.)630 1739 y Ft(-A)f Fj(action)66 b Fu(The)25 +2693 y(matc)m(hes)j(are)e(added)g(to)h(the)g(results)f(of)g(the)h +(other)g(actions.)630 2854 y Ft(-A)f Fj(action)66 b Fu(The)25 b Fr(action)h Fu(ma)m(y)g(b)s(e)e(one)h(of)h(the)f(follo)m(wing)i(to)e -(generate)i(a)e(list)h(of)f(p)s(ossible)1110 1849 y(completions:)1110 -2005 y Ft(alias)240 b Fu(Alias)31 b(names.)41 b(Ma)m(y)31 +(generate)i(a)e(list)h(of)f(p)s(ossible)1110 2964 y(completions:)1110 +3125 y Ft(alias)240 b Fu(Alias)31 b(names.)41 b(Ma)m(y)31 b(also)h(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)i Ft(-a)p Fu(.)1110 -2162 y Ft(arrayvar)96 b Fu(Arra)m(y)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 -b(names.)1110 2318 y Ft(binding)144 b Fu(Readline)30 +3287 y Ft(arrayvar)96 b Fu(Arra)m(y)31 b(v)-5 b(ariable)31 +b(names.)1110 3448 y Ft(binding)144 b Fu(Readline)30 b(k)m(ey)f(binding)f(names)h(\(see)h(Section)f(8.4)h([Bindable)1590 -2428 y(Readline)h(Commands],)f(page)h(127\).)1110 2585 +3558 y(Readline)h(Commands],)f(page)h(127\).)1110 3719 y Ft(builtin)144 b Fu(Names)21 b(of)g(shell)f(builtin)h(commands.)37 -b(Ma)m(y)21 b(also)h(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)1590 2694 -y(as)31 b Ft(-b)p Fu(.)1110 2851 y Ft(command)144 b Fu(Command)29 +b(Ma)m(y)21 b(also)h(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci\014ed)1590 3829 +y(as)31 b Ft(-b)p Fu(.)1110 3990 y Ft(command)144 b Fu(Command)29 b(names.)41 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)i -Ft(-c)p Fu(.)1110 3007 y Ft(directory)1590 3117 y Fu(Directory)h +Ft(-c)p Fu(.)1110 4152 y Ft(directory)1590 4261 y Fu(Directory)h (names.)40 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)g -Ft(-d)p Fu(.)1110 3273 y Ft(disabled)96 b Fu(Names)31 -b(of)g(disabled)f(shell)g(builtins.)1110 3430 y Ft(enabled)144 +Ft(-d)p Fu(.)1110 4423 y Ft(disabled)96 b Fu(Names)31 +b(of)g(disabled)f(shell)g(builtins.)1110 4584 y Ft(enabled)144 b Fu(Names)31 b(of)g(enabled)f(shell)g(builtins.)1110 -3587 y Ft(export)192 b Fu(Names)34 b(of)f(exp)s(orted)f(shell)h(v)-5 +4746 y Ft(export)192 b Fu(Names)34 b(of)f(exp)s(orted)f(shell)h(v)-5 b(ariables.)49 b(Ma)m(y)35 b(also)e(b)s(e)g(sp)s(eci-)1590 -3696 y(\014ed)d(as)g Ft(-e)p Fu(.)1110 3853 y Ft(file)288 +4855 y(\014ed)d(as)g Ft(-e)p Fu(.)1110 5017 y Ft(file)288 b Fu(File)32 b(names.)40 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f -(as)i Ft(-f)p Fu(.)1110 4009 y Ft(function)96 b Fu(Names)31 -b(of)g(shell)f(functions.)1110 4166 y Ft(group)240 b +(as)i Ft(-f)p Fu(.)1110 5178 y Ft(function)96 b Fu(Names)31 +b(of)g(shell)f(functions.)1110 5340 y Ft(group)240 b Fu(Group)30 b(names.)40 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g -(as)g Ft(-g)p Fu(.)1110 4322 y Ft(helptopic)1590 4432 -y Fu(Help)37 b(topics)g(as)g(accepted)h(b)m(y)e(the)h -Ft(help)f Fu(builtin)g(\(see)h(Sec-)1590 4542 y(tion)31 -b(4.2)g([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(51\).)1110 4698 y +(as)g Ft(-g)p Fu(.)p eop end +%%Page: 142 148 +TeXDict begin 142 147 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 +b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(142)1110 299 y Ft(helptopic)1590 +408 y Fu(Help)37 b(topics)g(as)g(accepted)h(b)m(y)e(the)h +Ft(help)f Fu(builtin)g(\(see)h(Sec-)1590 518 y(tion)31 +b(4.2)g([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(51\).)1110 689 y Ft(hostname)96 b Fu(Hostnames,)89 b(as)76 b(tak)m(en)h(from)f(the)g -(\014le)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(b)m(y)1590 4808 y(the)55 b +(\014le)h(sp)s(eci\014ed)e(b)m(y)1590 799 y(the)55 b Ft(HOSTFILE)e Fu(shell)j(v)-5 b(ariable)56 b(\(see)g(Section)g(5.2)h -([Bash)1590 4917 y(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(73\).)1110 -5074 y Ft(job)336 b Fu(Job)31 b(names,)h(if)g(job)f(con)m(trol)i(is)f +([Bash)1590 908 y(V)-8 b(ariables],)32 b(page)f(73\).)1110 +1080 y Ft(job)336 b Fu(Job)31 b(names,)h(if)g(job)f(con)m(trol)i(is)f (activ)m(e.)46 b(Ma)m(y)33 b(also)g(b)s(e)e(sp)s(eci-)1590 -5183 y(\014ed)f(as)g Ft(-j)p Fu(.)1110 5340 y Ft(keyword)144 +1189 y(\014ed)f(as)g Ft(-j)p Fu(.)1110 1361 y Ft(keyword)144 b Fu(Shell)30 b(reserv)m(ed)h(w)m(ords.)40 b(Ma)m(y)32 -b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)i Ft(-k)p Fu(.)p -eop end -%%Page: 142 148 -TeXDict begin 142 147 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 -b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(142)1110 299 y Ft(running)144 -b Fu(Names)31 b(of)g(running)d(jobs,)i(if)h(job)f(con)m(trol)h(is)g -(activ)m(e.)1110 463 y Ft(service)144 b Fu(Service)31 -b(names.)41 b(Ma)m(y)31 b(also)g(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)g -Ft(-s)p Fu(.)1110 628 y Ft(setopt)192 b Fu(V)-8 b(alid)39 -b(argumen)m(ts)g(for)f(the)h Ft(-o)e Fu(option)i(to)g(the)g -Ft(set)e Fu(builtin)1590 737 y(\(see)31 b(Section)h(4.3.1)g([The)e(Set) -g(Builtin],)i(page)f(62\).)1110 902 y Ft(shopt)240 b -Fu(Shell)40 b(option)g(names)g(as)g(accepted)i(b)m(y)e(the)g -Ft(shopt)e Fu(builtin)1590 1011 y(\(see)31 b(Section)h(4.2)f([Bash)g -(Builtins],)g(page)g(51\).)1110 1176 y Ft(signal)192 -b Fu(Signal)31 b(names.)1110 1340 y Ft(stopped)144 b -Fu(Names)31 b(of)g(stopp)s(ed)e(jobs,)h(if)g(job)g(con)m(trol)i(is)f -(activ)m(e.)1110 1504 y Ft(user)288 b Fu(User)30 b(names.)41 -b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)i Ft(-u)p -Fu(.)1110 1669 y Ft(variable)96 b Fu(Names)36 b(of)g(all)g(shell)g(v)-5 -b(ariables.)56 b(Ma)m(y)37 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)1590 -1778 y Ft(-v)p Fu(.)630 1943 y Ft(-C)30 b Fj(command)1110 -2052 y Fr(command)35 b Fu(is)e(executed)g(in)e(a)i(subshell)e(en)m -(vironmen)m(t,)i(and)f(its)g(output)g(is)1110 2162 y(used)e(as)g(the)h -(p)s(ossible)f(completions.)630 2326 y Ft(-F)g Fj(function)1110 -2436 y Fu(The)39 b(shell)g(function)g Fr(function)g Fu(is)g(executed)h -(in)f(the)g(curren)m(t)g(shell)g(en)m(vi-)1110 2545 y(ronmen)m(t.)72 +b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f(as)i Ft(-k)p Fu(.)1110 +1532 y Ft(running)144 b Fu(Names)31 b(of)g(running)d(jobs,)i(if)h(job)f +(con)m(trol)h(is)g(activ)m(e.)1110 1703 y Ft(service)144 +b Fu(Service)31 b(names.)41 b(Ma)m(y)31 b(also)g(b)s(e)f(sp)s +(eci\014ed)g(as)g Ft(-s)p Fu(.)1110 1874 y Ft(setopt)192 +b Fu(V)-8 b(alid)39 b(argumen)m(ts)g(for)f(the)h Ft(-o)e +Fu(option)i(to)g(the)g Ft(set)e Fu(builtin)1590 1984 +y(\(see)31 b(Section)h(4.3.1)g([The)e(Set)g(Builtin],)i(page)f(62\).) +1110 2155 y Ft(shopt)240 b Fu(Shell)40 b(option)g(names)g(as)g +(accepted)i(b)m(y)e(the)g Ft(shopt)e Fu(builtin)1590 +2265 y(\(see)31 b(Section)h(4.2)f([Bash)g(Builtins],)g(page)g(51\).) +1110 2436 y Ft(signal)192 b Fu(Signal)31 b(names.)1110 +2607 y Ft(stopped)144 b Fu(Names)31 b(of)g(stopp)s(ed)e(jobs,)h(if)g +(job)g(con)m(trol)i(is)f(activ)m(e.)1110 2778 y Ft(user)288 +b Fu(User)30 b(names.)41 b(Ma)m(y)32 b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)f +(as)i Ft(-u)p Fu(.)1110 2950 y Ft(variable)96 b Fu(Names)36 +b(of)g(all)g(shell)g(v)-5 b(ariables.)56 b(Ma)m(y)37 +b(also)f(b)s(e)f(sp)s(eci\014ed)g(as)1590 3059 y Ft(-v)p +Fu(.)630 3230 y Ft(-C)30 b Fj(command)1110 3340 y Fr(command)35 +b Fu(is)e(executed)g(in)e(a)i(subshell)e(en)m(vironmen)m(t,)i(and)f +(its)g(output)g(is)1110 3450 y(used)e(as)g(the)h(p)s(ossible)f +(completions.)630 3621 y Ft(-F)g Fj(function)1110 3730 +y Fu(The)39 b(shell)g(function)g Fr(function)g Fu(is)g(executed)h(in)f +(the)g(curren)m(t)g(shell)g(en)m(vi-)1110 3840 y(ronmen)m(t.)72 b(When)41 b(it)g(is)g(executed,)k($1)c(is)g(the)g(name)g(of)g(the)g -(command)1110 2655 y(whose)34 b(argumen)m(ts)h(are)g(b)s(eing)f +(command)1110 3950 y(whose)34 b(argumen)m(ts)h(are)g(b)s(eing)f (completed,)j($2)e(is)f(the)h(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)g(com-)1110 -2765 y(pleted,)44 b(and)c($3)i(is)e(the)h(w)m(ord)g(preceding)f(the)h -(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)h(completed,)1110 2874 y(as)g(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s +4059 y(pleted,)44 b(and)c($3)i(is)e(the)h(w)m(ord)g(preceding)f(the)h +(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)h(completed,)1110 4169 y(as)g(describ)s(ed)f(ab)s (o)m(v)m(e)i(\(see)g(Section)f(8.6)h([Programmable)g(Completion],)1110 -2984 y(page)30 b(137\).)42 b(When)29 b(it)h(\014nishes,)e(the)h(p)s -(ossible)g(completions)h(are)g(retriev)m(ed)1110 3093 +4278 y(page)30 b(137\).)42 b(When)29 b(it)h(\014nishes,)e(the)h(p)s +(ossible)g(completions)h(are)g(retriev)m(ed)1110 4388 y(from)g(the)g(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g(the)f Ft(COMPREPLY)e -Fu(arra)m(y)j(v)-5 b(ariable.)630 3258 y Ft(-G)30 b Fj(globpat)1110 -3367 y Fu(The)39 b(\014lename)h(expansion)g(pattern)g -Fr(globpat)j Fu(is)d(expanded)f(to)h(generate)1110 3477 -y(the)31 b(p)s(ossible)e(completions.)630 3641 y Ft(-P)h +Fu(arra)m(y)j(v)-5 b(ariable.)630 4559 y Ft(-G)30 b Fj(globpat)1110 +4669 y Fu(The)39 b(\014lename)h(expansion)g(pattern)g +Fr(globpat)j Fu(is)d(expanded)f(to)h(generate)1110 4778 +y(the)31 b(p)s(ossible)e(completions.)630 4950 y Ft(-P)h Fj(prefix)66 b Fr(pre\014x)39 b Fu(is)34 b(added)f(at)i(the)f(b)s (eginning)f(of)i(eac)m(h)g(p)s(ossible)e(completion)i(after)1110 -3751 y(all)c(other)g(options)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(b)s(een)f(applied.)630 -3915 y Ft(-S)g Fj(suffix)66 b Fr(su\016x)26 b Fu(is)20 +5059 y(all)c(other)g(options)g(ha)m(v)m(e)g(b)s(een)f(applied.)630 +5230 y Ft(-S)g Fj(suffix)66 b Fr(su\016x)26 b Fu(is)20 b(app)s(ended)f(to)i(eac)m(h)h(p)s(ossible)e(completion)i(after)f(all)g -(other)g(options)1110 4025 y(ha)m(v)m(e)32 b(b)s(een)d(applied.)630 -4189 y Ft(-W)h Fj(wordlist)1110 4299 y Fu(The)24 b Fr(w)m(ordlist)k +(other)g(options)1110 5340 y(ha)m(v)m(e)32 b(b)s(een)d(applied.)p +eop end +%%Page: 143 149 +TeXDict begin 143 148 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 +b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(143)630 299 y Ft(-W)30 +b Fj(wordlist)1110 408 y Fu(The)24 b Fr(w)m(ordlist)k Fu(is)d(split)g(using)f(the)h(c)m(haracters)i(in)d(the)i -Ft(IFS)e Fu(sp)s(ecial)h(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 4408 y(as)36 +Ft(IFS)e Fu(sp)s(ecial)h(v)-5 b(ariable)1110 518 y(as)36 b(delimiters,)i(and)e(eac)m(h)h(resultan)m(t)g(w)m(ord)e(is)h -(expanded.)57 b(The)35 b(p)s(ossible)1110 4518 y(completions)c(are)e +(expanded.)57 b(The)35 b(p)s(ossible)1110 628 y(completions)c(are)e (the)h(mem)m(b)s(ers)f(of)g(the)h(resultan)m(t)g(list)g(whic)m(h)f -(matc)m(h)i(the)1110 4628 y(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)g(completed.)630 -4792 y Ft(-X)g Fj(filterpat)1110 4902 y Fr(\014lterpat)d +(matc)m(h)i(the)1110 737 y(w)m(ord)f(b)s(eing)g(completed.)630 +909 y Ft(-X)g Fj(filterpat)1110 1019 y Fr(\014lterpat)d Fu(is)e(a)g(pattern)g(as)f(used)g(for)h(\014lename)g(expansion.)38 -b(It)25 b(is)g(applied)f(to)1110 5011 y(the)30 b(list)f(of)h(p)s +b(It)25 b(is)g(applied)f(to)1110 1128 y(the)30 b(list)f(of)h(p)s (ossible)f(completions)h(generated)h(b)m(y)e(the)g(preceding)h(options) -1110 5121 y(and)d(argumen)m(ts,)i(and)e(eac)m(h)i(completion)g(matc)m -(hing)g Fr(\014lterpat)h Fu(is)e(remo)m(v)m(ed)1110 5230 +1110 1238 y(and)d(argumen)m(ts,)i(and)e(eac)m(h)i(completion)g(matc)m +(hing)g Fr(\014lterpat)h Fu(is)e(remo)m(v)m(ed)1110 1347 y(from)i(the)h(list.)42 b(A)30 b(leading)i(`)p Ft(!)p Fu(')e(in)g Fr(\014lterpat)j Fu(negates)f(the)f(pattern;)g(in)f(this) -1110 5340 y(case,)i(an)m(y)e(completion)i(not)f(matc)m(hing)g -Fr(\014lterpat)i Fu(is)d(remo)m(v)m(ed.)p eop end -%%Page: 143 149 -TeXDict begin 143 148 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 -b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(143)630 299 y(The)35 +1110 1457 y(case,)i(an)m(y)e(completion)i(not)f(matc)m(hing)g +Fr(\014lterpat)i Fu(is)d(remo)m(v)m(ed.)630 1629 y(The)35 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)37 b(is)f(true)f(unless)h(an)f(in)m(v)-5 b(alid)37 b(option)f(is)g(supplied,)g(an)g(option)h(other)630 -408 y(than)h Ft(-p)g Fu(or)g Ft(-r)f Fu(is)h(supplied)f(without)i(a)f +1738 y(than)h Ft(-p)g Fu(or)g Ft(-r)f Fu(is)h(supplied)f(without)i(a)f Fr(name)44 b Fu(argumen)m(t,)c(an)e(attempt)i(is)e(made)g(to)630 -518 y(remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(a)e(completion)i(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(for)f(a)h -Fr(name)k Fu(for)30 b(whic)m(h)g(no)g(sp)s(eci\014cation)h(exists,)630 -628 y(or)f(an)h(error)f(o)s(ccurs)g(adding)g(a)g(completion)i(sp)s -(eci\014cation.)150 788 y Ft(compopt)870 923 y(compopt)46 +1848 y(remo)m(v)m(e)32 b(a)e(completion)i(sp)s(eci\014cation)f(for)f(a) +h Fr(name)k Fu(for)30 b(whic)m(h)g(no)g(sp)s(eci\014cation)h(exists,) +630 1958 y(or)f(an)h(error)f(o)s(ccurs)g(adding)g(a)g(completion)i(sp)s +(eci\014cation.)150 2129 y Ft(compopt)870 2270 y(compopt)46 b([-o)h Fj(option)p Ft(])f([-DEI])g([+o)h Fj(option)p -Ft(])e([)p Fj(name)p Ft(])630 1058 y Fu(Mo)s(dify)33 +Ft(])e([)p Fj(name)p Ft(])630 2411 y Fu(Mo)s(dify)33 b(completion)h(options)g(for)f(eac)m(h)h Fr(name)39 b Fu(according)34 b(to)g(the)f Fr(option)p Fu(s,)i(or)e(for)g(the)630 -1168 y(curren)m(tly-executing)46 b(completion)f(if)f(no)f +2520 y(curren)m(tly-executing)46 b(completion)f(if)f(no)f Fr(name)5 b Fu(s)44 b(are)h(supplied.)80 b(If)43 b(no)h -Fr(option)p Fu(s)h(are)630 1277 y(giv)m(en,)30 b(displa)m(y)e(the)g +Fr(option)p Fu(s)h(are)630 2630 y(giv)m(en,)30 b(displa)m(y)e(the)g (completion)h(options)g(for)e(eac)m(h)i Fr(name)34 b -Fu(or)27 b(the)i(curren)m(t)e(completion.)630 1387 y(The)f(p)s(ossible) +Fu(or)27 b(the)i(curren)m(t)e(completion.)630 2740 y(The)f(p)s(ossible) g(v)-5 b(alues)27 b(of)f Fr(option)h Fu(are)g(those)g(v)-5 b(alid)26 b(for)g(the)h Ft(complete)d Fu(builtin)i(describ)s(ed)630 -1496 y(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)41 b(The)27 b Ft(-D)f Fu(option)i(indicates)g +2849 y(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e.)41 b(The)27 b Ft(-D)f Fu(option)i(indicates)g (that)g(other)f(supplied)f(options)i(should)e(apply)h(to)h(the)630 -1606 y(\\default")33 b(command)f(completion;)i(that)f(is,)g(completion) -g(attempted)g(on)f(a)g(command)630 1716 y(for)g(whic)m(h)g(no)g +2959 y(\\default")33 b(command)f(completion;)i(that)f(is,)g(completion) +g(attempted)g(on)f(a)g(command)630 3068 y(for)g(whic)m(h)g(no)g (completion)i(has)e(previously)g(b)s(een)g(de\014ned.)45 -b(The)32 b Ft(-E)f Fu(option)i(indicates)630 1825 y(that)23 +b(The)32 b Ft(-E)f Fu(option)i(indicates)630 3178 y(that)23 b(other)f(supplied)e(options)j(should)e(apply)g(to)i(\\empt)m(y")g -(command)f(completion;)k(that)630 1935 y(is,)36 b(completion)g +(command)f(completion;)k(that)630 3287 y(is,)36 b(completion)g (attempted)g(on)e(a)h(blank)g(line.)54 b(The)34 b Ft(-I)g -Fu(option)h(indicates)g(that)h(other)630 2044 y(supplied)23 +Fu(option)h(indicates)g(that)h(other)630 3397 y(supplied)23 b(options)i(should)f(apply)g(to)i(completion)g(on)e(the)h(initial)h -(non-assignmen)m(t)f(w)m(ord)630 2154 y(on)37 b(the)f(line,)j(or)e +(non-assignmen)m(t)f(w)m(ord)630 3507 y(on)37 b(the)f(line,)j(or)e (after)g(a)g(command)f(delimiter)i(suc)m(h)e(as)h(`)p Ft(;)p Fu(')g(or)f(`)p Ft(|)p Fu(',)j(whic)m(h)e(is)f(usually)630 -2263 y(command)30 b(name)h(completion.)630 2398 y(If)k(m)m(ultiple)i +3616 y(command)30 b(name)h(completion.)630 3757 y(If)k(m)m(ultiple)i (options)f(are)g(supplied,)g(the)g Ft(-D)g Fu(option)g(tak)m(es)h -(precedence)g(o)m(v)m(er)g Ft(-E)p Fu(,)g(and)630 2508 +(precedence)g(o)m(v)m(er)g Ft(-E)p Fu(,)g(and)630 3867 y(b)s(oth)30 b(tak)m(e)i(precedence)e(o)m(v)m(er)i Ft(-I)630 -2643 y Fu(The)23 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(is)f(true)g(unless)f(an)h +4007 y Fu(The)23 b(return)g(v)-5 b(alue)25 b(is)f(true)g(unless)f(an)h (in)m(v)-5 b(alid)24 b(option)h(is)f(supplied,)g(an)g(attempt)h(is)f -(made)630 2753 y(to)32 b(mo)s(dify)f(the)g(options)h(for)f(a)h +(made)630 4117 y(to)32 b(mo)s(dify)f(the)g(options)h(for)f(a)h Fr(name)k Fu(for)31 b(whic)m(h)g(no)g(completion)i(sp)s(eci\014cation)f -(exists,)630 2862 y(or)e(an)h(output)f(error)g(o)s(ccurs.)150 -3104 y Fs(8.8)68 b(A)44 b(Programmable)j(Completion)f(Example)150 -3264 y Fu(The)37 b(most)g(common)g(w)m(a)m(y)i(to)e(obtain)h +(exists,)630 4226 y(or)e(an)h(output)f(error)g(o)s(ccurs.)150 +4486 y Fs(8.8)68 b(A)44 b(Programmable)j(Completion)f(Example)150 +4645 y Fu(The)37 b(most)g(common)g(w)m(a)m(y)i(to)e(obtain)h (additional)g(completion)g(functionalit)m(y)h(b)s(ey)m(ond)d(the)i -(default)150 3373 y(actions)29 b Ft(complete)d Fu(and)i +(default)150 4755 y(actions)29 b Ft(complete)d Fu(and)i Ft(compgen)e Fu(pro)m(vide)i(is)h(to)f(use)g(a)h(shell)f(function)g -(and)g(bind)e(it)j(to)g(a)g(particular)150 3483 y(command)h(using)g -Ft(complete)e(-F)p Fu(.)275 3618 y(The)j(follo)m(wing)j(function)e(pro) +(and)g(bind)e(it)j(to)g(a)g(particular)150 4864 y(command)h(using)g +Ft(complete)e(-F)p Fu(.)275 5011 y(The)j(follo)m(wing)j(function)e(pro) m(vides)g(completions)i(for)e(the)g Ft(cd)g Fu(builtin.)46 -b(It)32 b(is)h(a)f(reasonably)h(go)s(o)s(d)150 3728 y(example)41 +b(It)32 b(is)h(a)f(reasonably)h(go)s(o)s(d)150 5121 y(example)41 b(of)g(what)f(shell)h(functions)f(m)m(ust)g(do)h(when)e(used)h(for)g -(completion.)73 b(This)39 b(function)h(uses)150 3838 +(completion.)73 b(This)39 b(function)h(uses)150 5230 y(the)32 b(w)m(ord)f(passed)g(as)h Ft($2)f Fu(to)h(determine)g(the)f (directory)h(name)g(to)g(complete.)46 b(Y)-8 b(ou)32 -b(can)g(also)g(use)g(the)150 3947 y Ft(COMP_WORDS)c Fu(arra)m(y)i(v)-5 +b(can)g(also)g(use)g(the)150 5340 y Ft(COMP_WORDS)c Fu(arra)m(y)i(v)-5 b(ariable;)32 b(the)e(curren)m(t)h(w)m(ord)f(is)g(indexed)g(b)m(y)g -(the)h Ft(COMP_CWORD)c Fu(v)-5 b(ariable.)275 4083 y(The)42 +(the)h Ft(COMP_CWORD)c Fu(v)-5 b(ariable.)p eop end +%%Page: 144 150 +TeXDict begin 144 149 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 +b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(144)275 299 y(The)42 b(function)h(relies)h(on)e(the)i Ft(complete)c Fu(and)j Ft(compgen)e Fu(builtins)h(to)i(do)f(m)m(uc)m(h)g(of)g(the)h(w)m(ork,) -150 4192 y(adding)25 b(only)h(the)g(things)g(that)g(the)g(Bash)g +150 408 y(adding)25 b(only)h(the)g(things)g(that)g(the)g(Bash)g Ft(cd)f Fu(do)s(es)g(b)s(ey)m(ond)g(accepting)j(basic)e(directory)g -(names:)38 b(tilde)150 4302 y(expansion)22 b(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5.2)g +(names:)38 b(tilde)150 518 y(expansion)22 b(\(see)h(Section)g(3.5.2)g ([Tilde)g(Expansion],)g(page)g(24\),)i(searc)m(hing)e(directories)g(in) -e Fr($CDP)-8 b(A)g(TH)p Fu(,)150 4411 y(whic)m(h)21 b(is)h(describ)s -(ed)e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)f(Section)h(4.1)f([Bourne)g(Shell)f +e Fr($CDP)-8 b(A)g(TH)p Fu(,)150 628 y(whic)m(h)21 b(is)h(describ)s(ed) +e(ab)s(o)m(v)m(e)j(\(see)f(Section)h(4.1)f([Bourne)g(Shell)f (Builtins],)j(page)e(44\),)j(and)c(basic)h(supp)s(ort)150 -4521 y(for)31 b(the)h Ft(cdable_vars)d Fu(shell)i(option)h(\(see)h +737 y(for)31 b(the)h Ft(cdable_vars)d Fu(shell)i(option)h(\(see)h (Section)f(4.3.2)i([The)d(Shopt)g(Builtin],)i(page)f(66\).)46 -b Ft(_comp_)150 4631 y(cd)30 b Fu(mo)s(di\014es)g(the)h(v)-5 +b Ft(_comp_)150 847 y(cd)30 b Fu(mo)s(di\014es)g(the)h(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(of)g Fr(IFS)36 b Fu(so)31 b(that)g(it)g(con)m(tains)h(only) f(a)g(newline)g(to)h(accommo)s(date)g(\014le)f(names)150 -4740 y(con)m(taining)i(spaces)g(and)e(tabs)h({)g Ft(compgen)e +956 y(con)m(taining)i(spaces)g(and)e(tabs)h({)g Ft(compgen)e Fu(prin)m(ts)h(the)h(p)s(ossible)f(completions)i(it)g(generates)g(one)f -(p)s(er)150 4850 y(line.)275 4985 y(P)m(ossible)24 b(completions)h(go)g +(p)s(er)150 1066 y(line.)275 1230 y(P)m(ossible)24 b(completions)h(go)g (in)m(to)g(the)f Fr(COMPREPL)-8 b(Y)36 b Fu(arra)m(y)24 b(v)-5 b(ariable,)26 b(one)e(completion)i(p)s(er)c(arra)m(y)150 -5095 y(elemen)m(t.)42 b(The)30 b(programmable)g(completion)i(system)e +1340 y(elemen)m(t.)42 b(The)30 b(programmable)g(completion)i(system)e (retriev)m(es)h(the)g(completions)g(from)f(there)g(when)150 -5205 y(the)h(function)f(returns.)390 5340 y Ft(#)47 b(A)h(completion)d -(function)g(for)i(the)g(cd)g(builtin)p eop end -%%Page: 144 150 -TeXDict begin 144 149 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 -b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(144)390 299 y Ft(#)47 -b(based)g(on)g(the)g(cd)g(completion)e(function)h(from)g(the)h -(bash_completion)d(package)390 408 y(_comp_cd\(\))390 -518 y({)581 628 y(local)i(IFS=$')g(\\t\\n')190 b(#)47 -b(normalize)f(IFS)581 737 y(local)g(cur)h(_skipdot)f(_cdpath)581 -847 y(local)g(i)i(j)f(k)581 1066 y(#)g(Tilde)g(expansion,)e(which)h -(also)h(expands)f(tilde)g(to)h(full)g(pathname)581 1176 -y(case)g("$2")f(in)581 1285 y(\\~*\))190 b(eval)46 b(cur="$2")g(;;)581 -1395 y(*\))286 b(cur=$2)46 b(;;)581 1504 y(esac)581 1724 -y(#)h(no)h(cdpath)e(or)h(absolute)e(pathname)h(--)h(straight)f -(directory)f(completion)581 1833 y(if)i([[)g(-z)g("${CDPATH:-}")e(]])i -(||)g([[)g("$cur")f(==)h(@\(./*|../*|/*\))d(]];)j(then)772 -1943 y(#)g(compgen)f(prints)g(paths)h(one)f(per)h(line;)g(could)f(also) -h(use)g(while)f(loop)772 2052 y(IFS=$'\\n')772 2162 y(COMPREPLY=\()f -($\(compgen)g(-d)i(--)g("$cur"\))f(\))772 2271 y(IFS=$')g(\\t\\n')581 -2381 y(#)h(CDPATH+directories)c(in)k(the)g(current)f(directory)f(if)j -(not)e(in)i(CDPATH)581 2491 y(else)772 2600 y(IFS=$'\\n')772 -2710 y(_skipdot=false)772 2819 y(#)f(preprocess)e(CDPATH)h(to)i -(convert)d(null)i(directory)e(names)i(to)g(.)772 2929 -y(_cdpath=${CDPATH/#:/.:})772 3039 y(_cdpath=${_cdpath//::/:.)o(:})772 -3148 y(_cdpath=${_cdpath/\045:/:.})772 3258 y(for)g(i)g(in)g -(${_cdpath//:/$'\\n'};)c(do)963 3367 y(if)k([[)g($i)g(-ef)g(.)h(]];)f -(then)f(_skipdot=true;)e(fi)963 3477 y(k="${#COMPREPLY[@]}")963 -3587 y(for)j(j)g(in)g($\()g(compgen)f(-d)h(--)h("$i/$cur")d(\);)i(do) -1154 3696 y(COMPREPLY[k++]=${j#$i/})375 b(#)48 b(cut)f(off)f(directory) -963 3806 y(done)772 3915 y(done)772 4025 y($_skipdot)f(||)i -(COMPREPLY+=\()e($\(compgen)g(-d)i(--)g("$cur"\))f(\))772 -4134 y(IFS=$')g(\\t\\n')581 4244 y(fi)581 4463 y(#)h(variable)f(names)g -(if)h(appropriate)e(shell)i(option)f(set)h(and)f(no)i(completions)581 -4573 y(if)f(shopt)f(-q)i(cdable_vars)c(&&)k([[)f(${#COMPREPLY[@]})c -(-eq)k(0)g(]];)g(then)772 4682 y(COMPREPLY=\()e($\(compgen)g(-v)i(--)g -("$cur"\))f(\))581 4792 y(fi)581 5011 y(return)g(0)390 -5121 y(})275 5340 y Fu(W)-8 b(e)31 b(install)g(the)g(completion)h -(function)e(using)f(the)i Ft(-F)f Fu(option)h(to)g Ft(complete)p -Fu(:)p eop end +1450 y(the)h(function)f(returns.)390 1614 y Ft(#)47 b(A)h(completion)d +(function)g(for)i(the)g(cd)g(builtin)390 1724 y(#)g(based)g(on)g(the)g +(cd)g(completion)e(function)h(from)g(the)h(bash_completion)d(package) +390 1833 y(_comp_cd\(\))390 1943 y({)581 2052 y(local)i(IFS=$')g +(\\t\\n')190 b(#)47 b(normalize)f(IFS)581 2162 y(local)g(cur)h +(_skipdot)f(_cdpath)581 2271 y(local)g(i)i(j)f(k)581 +2491 y(#)g(Tilde)g(expansion,)e(which)h(also)h(expands)f(tilde)g(to)h +(full)g(pathname)581 2600 y(case)g("$2")f(in)581 2710 +y(\\~*\))190 b(eval)46 b(cur="$2")g(;;)581 2819 y(*\))286 +b(cur=$2)46 b(;;)581 2929 y(esac)581 3148 y(#)h(no)h(cdpath)e(or)h +(absolute)e(pathname)h(--)h(straight)f(directory)f(completion)581 +3258 y(if)i([[)g(-z)g("${CDPATH:-}")e(]])i(||)g([[)g("$cur")f(==)h +(@\(./*|../*|/*\))d(]];)j(then)772 3367 y(#)g(compgen)f(prints)g(paths) +h(one)f(per)h(line;)g(could)f(also)h(use)g(while)f(loop)772 +3477 y(IFS=$'\\n')772 3587 y(COMPREPLY=\()f($\(compgen)g(-d)i(--)g +("$cur"\))f(\))772 3696 y(IFS=$')g(\\t\\n')581 3806 y(#)h +(CDPATH+directories)c(in)k(the)g(current)f(directory)f(if)j(not)e(in)i +(CDPATH)581 3915 y(else)772 4025 y(IFS=$'\\n')772 4134 +y(_skipdot=false)772 4244 y(#)f(preprocess)e(CDPATH)h(to)i(convert)d +(null)i(directory)e(names)i(to)g(.)772 4354 y(_cdpath=${CDPATH/#:/.:}) +772 4463 y(_cdpath=${_cdpath//::/:.)o(:})772 4573 y +(_cdpath=${_cdpath/\045:/:.})772 4682 y(for)g(i)g(in)g +(${_cdpath//:/$'\\n'};)c(do)963 4792 y(if)k([[)g($i)g(-ef)g(.)h(]];)f +(then)f(_skipdot=true;)e(fi)963 4902 y(k="${#COMPREPLY[@]}")963 +5011 y(for)j(j)g(in)g($\()g(compgen)f(-d)h(--)h("$i/$cur")d(\);)i(do) +1154 5121 y(COMPREPLY[k++]=${j#$i/})375 b(#)48 b(cut)f(off)f(directory) +963 5230 y(done)772 5340 y(done)p eop end %%Page: 145 151 TeXDict begin 145 150 bop 150 -116 a Fu(Chapter)30 b(8:)41 -b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(145)390 299 y Ft(#)47 -b(Tell)g(readline)f(to)h(quote)f(appropriate)f(and)i(append)f(slashes)g -(to)h(directories;)390 408 y(#)g(use)g(the)g(bash)g(default)f -(completion)f(for)i(other)f(arguments)390 518 y(complete)g(-o)h -(filenames)e(-o)i(nospace)f(-o)h(bashdefault)e(-F)i(_comp_cd)f(cd)150 -653 y Fu(Since)33 b(w)m(e'd)g(lik)m(e)i(Bash)e(and)f(Readline)i(to)g -(tak)m(e)g(care)g(of)f(some)h(of)f(the)g(other)h(details)g(for)e(us,)i -(w)m(e)f(use)150 762 y(sev)m(eral)43 b(other)g(options)f(to)h(tell)g -(Bash)f(and)f(Readline)i(what)f(to)g(do.)76 b(The)41 -b Ft(-o)30 b(filenames)39 b Fu(option)150 872 y(tells)j(Readline)g -(that)g(the)f(p)s(ossible)g(completions)h(should)f(b)s(e)f(treated)i -(as)g(\014lenames,)i(and)d(quoted)150 981 y(appropriately)-8 -b(.)53 b(That)34 b(option)h(will)g(also)g(cause)g(Readline)g(to)g(app)s -(end)e(a)h(slash)g(to)h(\014lenames)g(it)g(can)150 1091 -y(determine)i(are)g(directories)h(\(whic)m(h)g(is)f(wh)m(y)f(w)m(e)i -(migh)m(t)f(w)m(an)m(t)h(to)g(extend)f Ft(_comp_cd)e -Fu(to)i(app)s(end)f(a)150 1200 y(slash)22 b(if)g(w)m(e're)h(using)f -(directories)h(found)e(via)i Fr(CDP)-8 b(A)g(TH)10 b -Fu(:)37 b(Readline)23 b(can't)g(tell)g(those)g(completions)h(are)150 -1310 y(directories\).)45 b(The)31 b Ft(-o)f(nospace)f -Fu(option)j(tells)g(Readline)g(to)h(not)e(app)s(end)f(a)i(space)g(c)m -(haracter)h(to)f(the)150 1420 y(directory)c(name,)h(in)f(case)h(w)m(e)f -(w)m(an)m(t)h(to)f(app)s(end)f(to)h(it.)41 b(The)27 b -Ft(-o)j(bashdefault)25 b Fu(option)j(brings)f(in)h(the)150 -1529 y(rest)h(of)f(the)h Ft(")p Fu(Bash)f(default)p Ft(")h +b(Command)29 b(Line)i(Editing)2062 b(145)772 299 y Ft($_skipdot)45 +b(||)i(COMPREPLY+=\()e($\(compgen)g(-d)i(--)g("$cur"\))f(\))772 +408 y(IFS=$')g(\\t\\n')581 518 y(fi)581 737 y(#)h(variable)f(names)g +(if)h(appropriate)e(shell)i(option)f(set)h(and)f(no)i(completions)581 +847 y(if)f(shopt)f(-q)i(cdable_vars)c(&&)k([[)f(${#COMPREPLY[@]})c(-eq) +k(0)g(]];)g(then)772 956 y(COMPREPLY=\()e($\(compgen)g(-v)i(--)g +("$cur"\))f(\))581 1066 y(fi)581 1285 y(return)g(0)390 +1395 y(})275 1529 y Fu(W)-8 b(e)31 b(install)g(the)g(completion)h +(function)e(using)f(the)i Ft(-F)f Fu(option)h(to)g Ft(complete)p +Fu(:)390 1664 y Ft(#)47 b(Tell)g(readline)f(to)h(quote)f(appropriate)f +(and)i(append)f(slashes)g(to)h(directories;)390 1773 +y(#)g(use)g(the)g(bash)g(default)f(completion)f(for)i(other)f +(arguments)390 1883 y(complete)g(-o)h(filenames)e(-o)i(nospace)f(-o)h +(bashdefault)e(-F)i(_comp_cd)f(cd)150 2017 y Fu(Since)33 +b(w)m(e'd)g(lik)m(e)i(Bash)e(and)f(Readline)i(to)g(tak)m(e)g(care)g(of) +f(some)h(of)f(the)g(other)h(details)g(for)e(us,)i(w)m(e)f(use)150 +2127 y(sev)m(eral)43 b(other)g(options)f(to)h(tell)g(Bash)f(and)f +(Readline)i(what)f(to)g(do.)76 b(The)41 b Ft(-o)30 b(filenames)39 +b Fu(option)150 2237 y(tells)j(Readline)g(that)g(the)f(p)s(ossible)g +(completions)h(should)f(b)s(e)f(treated)i(as)g(\014lenames,)i(and)d +(quoted)150 2346 y(appropriately)-8 b(.)53 b(That)34 +b(option)h(will)g(also)g(cause)g(Readline)g(to)g(app)s(end)e(a)h(slash) +g(to)h(\014lenames)g(it)g(can)150 2456 y(determine)i(are)g(directories) +h(\(whic)m(h)g(is)f(wh)m(y)f(w)m(e)i(migh)m(t)f(w)m(an)m(t)h(to)g +(extend)f Ft(_comp_cd)e Fu(to)i(app)s(end)f(a)150 2565 +y(slash)22 b(if)g(w)m(e're)h(using)f(directories)h(found)e(via)i +Fr(CDP)-8 b(A)g(TH)10 b Fu(:)37 b(Readline)23 b(can't)g(tell)g(those)g +(completions)h(are)150 2675 y(directories\).)45 b(The)31 +b Ft(-o)f(nospace)f Fu(option)j(tells)g(Readline)g(to)h(not)e(app)s +(end)f(a)i(space)g(c)m(haracter)h(to)f(the)150 2785 y(directory)c +(name,)h(in)f(case)h(w)m(e)f(w)m(an)m(t)h(to)f(app)s(end)f(to)h(it.)41 +b(The)27 b Ft(-o)j(bashdefault)25 b Fu(option)j(brings)f(in)h(the)150 +2894 y(rest)h(of)f(the)h Ft(")p Fu(Bash)f(default)p Ft(")h Fu(completions)g({)g(p)s(ossible)f(completion)i(that)f(Bash)f(adds)g -(to)h(the)g(default)150 1639 y(Readline)f(set.)40 b(These)28 +(to)h(the)g(default)150 3004 y(Readline)f(set.)40 b(These)28 b(include)f(things)g(lik)m(e)i(command)e(name)h(completion,)h(v)-5 -b(ariable)28 b(completion)h(for)150 1748 y(w)m(ords)e(b)s(eginning)h +b(ariable)28 b(completion)h(for)150 3113 y(w)m(ords)e(b)s(eginning)h (with)f(`)p Ft($)p Fu(')h(or)g(`)p Ft(${)p Fu(',)h(completions)g(con)m (taining)g(pathname)f(expansion)g(patterns)g(\(see)150 -1858 y(Section)j(3.5.8)h([Filename)g(Expansion],)e(page)i(33\),)f(and)f -(so)h(on.)275 1993 y(Once)39 b(installed)i(using)e Ft(complete)p +3223 y(Section)j(3.5.8)h([Filename)g(Expansion],)e(page)i(33\),)f(and)f +(so)h(on.)275 3357 y(Once)39 b(installed)i(using)e Ft(complete)p Fu(,)h Ft(_comp_cd)d Fu(will)j(b)s(e)g(called)g(ev)m(ery)h(time)f(w)m -(e)g(attempt)h(w)m(ord)150 2102 y(completion)32 b(for)e(a)h -Ft(cd)e Fu(command.)275 2237 y(Man)m(y)34 b(more)g(examples)g({)g(an)g +(e)g(attempt)h(w)m(ord)150 3467 y(completion)32 b(for)e(a)h +Ft(cd)e Fu(command.)275 3601 y(Man)m(y)34 b(more)g(examples)g({)g(an)g (extensiv)m(e)h(collection)i(of)c(completions)i(for)f(most)g(of)g(the)g -(common)150 2346 y(GNU,)g(Unix,)h(and)d(Lin)m(ux)h(commands)g({)h(are)g +(common)150 3711 y(GNU,)g(Unix,)h(and)d(Lin)m(ux)h(commands)g({)h(are)g (a)m(v)-5 b(ailable)36 b(as)e(part)f(of)h(the)f(bash)p -2943 2346 28 4 v 39 w(completion)i(pro)5 b(ject.)150 -2456 y(This)33 b(is)h(installed)h(b)m(y)f(default)g(on)g(man)m(y)h +2943 3711 28 4 v 39 w(completion)i(pro)5 b(ject.)150 +3821 y(This)33 b(is)h(installed)h(b)m(y)f(default)g(on)g(man)m(y)h (GNU/Lin)m(ux)f(distributions.)51 b(Originally)35 b(written)f(b)m(y)g -(Ian)150 2565 y(Macdonald,)48 b(the)c(pro)5 b(ject)44 +(Ian)150 3930 y(Macdonald,)48 b(the)c(pro)5 b(ject)44 b(no)m(w)g(liv)m(es)h(at)f Ft(https:)11 b(/)g(/)g(github)g(.)g(com)g(/) g(sc)o(op)g(/)f(bash)o(-co)o(mple)o(tion)g(/)h Fu(.)150 -2675 y(There)30 b(are)h(p)s(orts)e(for)h(other)h(systems)f(suc)m(h)g -(as)h(Solaris)g(and)f(Mac)h(OS)f(X.)275 2809 y(An)54 -b(older)h(v)m(ersion)h(of)f(the)g(bash)p 1532 2809 V +4040 y(There)30 b(are)h(p)s(orts)e(for)h(other)h(systems)f(suc)m(h)g +(as)h(Solaris)g(and)f(Mac)h(OS)f(X.)275 4174 y(An)54 +b(older)h(v)m(ersion)h(of)f(the)g(bash)p 1532 4174 V 40 w(completion)h(pac)m(k)-5 b(age)57 b(is)e(distributed)f(with)h(bash) -f(in)h(the)150 2919 y Ft(examples/complete)26 b Fu(sub)s(directory)-8 +f(in)h(the)150 4284 y Ft(examples/complete)26 b Fu(sub)s(directory)-8 b(.)p eop end %%Page: 146 152 TeXDict begin 146 151 bop 3614 -116 a Fu(146)150 299 @@ -21224,33 +21260,34 @@ g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(82)150 758 y Fe(PPID)11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)h(:)25 b Fb(82)150 846 y Fe(PROMPT_COMMANDS)17 b Fc(:)g(:)c(:)g(:)g -(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) -h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(82)150 933 y -Fe(PROMPT_DIRTRIM)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) -g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f -(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(83)150 1020 y Fe(PS0)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) -h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f -(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(83)150 1107 y Fe(PS1)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) -h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f -(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(73)150 1194 y Fe(PS2)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) -h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f -(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(73)150 1281 y Fe(PS3)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) -h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f -(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(83)150 1369 y Fe(PS4)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) -h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f -(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(83)150 1456 y Fe(PWD)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) -h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f -(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(83)146 1689 y Fs(R)150 1804 y Fe(RANDOM)6 -b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:) -g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)20 b Fb(83)150 1892 y Fe(READLINE_LINE)25 +(:)h(:)25 b Fb(82)150 846 y Fe(PROMPT_COMMAND)e Fc(:)13 +b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g +(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)34 +b Fb(82)150 933 y Fe(PROMPT_DIRTRIM)23 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f +(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) +g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(83)150 1020 y Fe(PS0)14 +b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) +h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g +(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(83)150 +1107 y Fe(PS1)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g +(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) +g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28 +b Fb(73)150 1194 y Fe(PS2)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h +(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) +g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28 +b Fb(73)150 1281 y Fe(PS3)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h +(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) +g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28 +b Fb(83)150 1369 y Fe(PS4)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h +(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) +g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28 +b Fb(83)150 1456 y Fe(PWD)14 b Fc(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h +(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) +g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)28 +b Fb(83)146 1689 y Fs(R)150 1804 y Fe(RANDOM)6 b Fc(:)15 +b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f +(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) +g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)20 b Fb(83)150 1892 y Fe(READLINE_LINE)25 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(83)150 1979 y Fe(READLINE_MARK)25 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g @@ -21318,11 +21355,11 @@ f(:)g(:)35 b Fb(120)150 3751 y Fs(D.4)68 b(F)-11 b(unction)44 b(Index)146 4237 y(A)150 4354 y Fe(abort)27 b(\(C-g\))15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)30 -b Fb(134)150 4442 y Fe(accept-line)e(\(Newline)g(or)e(Return\))12 +b Fb(135)150 4442 y Fe(accept-line)e(\(Newline)g(or)e(Return\))12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)27 b Fb(128)150 4529 y Fe(alias-expand-line)i(\(\))9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(136)146 4784 y Fs(B)150 +(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)24 b Fb(137)146 4784 y Fs(B)150 4902 y Fe(backward-char)29 b(\(C-b\))12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h (:)26 b Fb(127)150 4989 y Fe(backward-delete-char)k(\(Rubout\))22 @@ -21357,7 +21394,7 @@ b Fc(:)h(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:) f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)29 b Fb(128)2025 5250 y Fe(complete)e(\(TAB\))7 b Fc(:)15 b(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) -g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)22 b Fb(132)2025 5340 y Fe(complete-command)29 +g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)22 b Fb(133)2025 5340 y Fe(complete-command)29 b(\(M-!\))22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(134)p eop end %%Page: 180 186 @@ -21366,14 +21403,14 @@ b(D:)i(Indexes)2623 b(180)150 264 y Fe(complete-filename)29 b(\(M-/\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(133)150 353 y Fe(complete-hostname) c(\(M-@\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) -g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(133)150 442 y Fe +g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(134)150 442 y Fe (complete-into-braces)d(\(M-{\))11 b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)26 b Fb(134)150 531 y Fe(complete-username)j(\(M-~\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(133)150 621 y Fe(complete-variable)c(\(M-$\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(133)150 710 y Fe(copy-backward-word)d(\(\))7 +(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(134)150 710 y Fe(copy-backward-word)d(\(\))7 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)21 b Fb(132)150 799 y Fe(copy-forward-word) 29 b(\(\))9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g @@ -21399,7 +21436,7 @@ Fb(136)150 1825 y Fe(do-lowercase-version)30 b(\(M-A,)227 (:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)25 b Fb(135)150 2001 y Fe(downcase-word)k(\(M-l\)) 12 b Fc(:)i(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h -(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)26 b Fb(130)150 2090 +(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)26 b Fb(131)150 2090 y Fe(dump-functions)j(\(\))17 b Fc(:)c(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) 32 b Fb(136)150 2180 y Fe(dump-macros)c(\(\))7 b Fc(:)14 @@ -21440,7 +21477,7 @@ Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g b(\(C-x)d(g\))13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)27 b Fb(136)2021 294 y Fs(H)2025 422 y Fe (history-and-alias-expand-line)32 b(\(\))13 b Fc(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) -g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(136)2025 513 y Fe(history-expand-line)i +g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)28 b Fb(137)2025 513 y Fe(history-expand-line)i (\(M-^\))13 b Fc(:)h(:)g(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:) g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)28 b Fb(136)2025 604 y Fe(history-search-backward)j (\(\))11 b Fc(:)i(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g @@ -21452,11 +21489,11 @@ y Fe(history-substring-search-forwa)q(rd)d(\(\))22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(129)2021 1200 y Fs(I)2025 1329 y Fe(insert-comment)29 b(\(M-#\))9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:) -24 b Fb(135)2025 1420 y Fe(insert-completions)29 b(\(M-*\))16 +24 b Fb(136)2025 1420 y Fe(insert-completions)29 b(\(M-*\))16 b Fc(:)f(:)e(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:) g(:)g(:)31 b Fb(133)2025 1507 y Fe(insert-last-argument)f(\(M-.)c(or)g (M-_\))7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 -b Fb(136)2021 1834 y Fs(K)2025 1962 y Fe(kill-line)27 +b Fb(137)2021 1834 y Fs(K)2025 1962 y Fe(kill-line)27 b(\(C-k\))c Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(131)2025 2053 y Fe(kill-region)28 b(\(\))7 b Fc(:)14 @@ -21470,7 +21507,7 @@ f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)29 b Fb(131)2025 g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(131)2021 2548 y Fs(M)2025 2676 y Fe(magic-space)28 b(\(\))7 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) -g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)22 b Fb(136)2025 2767 y Fe(menu-complete)28 +g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)22 b Fb(137)2025 2767 y Fe(menu-complete)28 b(\(\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)34 b Fb(133)2025 2854 y Fe(menu-complete-backward)c(\(\))13 @@ -21483,7 +21520,7 @@ h(:)28 b Fb(133)2021 3181 y Fs(N)2025 3309 y Fe(next-history)g(\(C-n\)) 27 b Fb(128)2025 3472 y Fe(non-incremental-forward-)2102 3560 y(search-history)h(\(M-n\))23 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 -b Fb(128)2025 3647 y Fe(non-incremental-reverse-)2102 +b Fb(129)2025 3647 y Fe(non-incremental-reverse-)2102 3734 y(search-history)28 b(\(M-p\))23 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)37 b Fb(128)2021 4070 y Fs(O)2025 4198 y Fe(operate-and-get-next)30 @@ -21506,7 +21543,7 @@ b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(134)150 762 y Fe (possible-username-completions)32 b(\(C-x)27 b(~\))7 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(133)150 849 y Fe (possible-variable-completions)32 b(\(C-x)27 b($\))7 -b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(133)150 937 y Fe(prefix-meta)28 +b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)22 b Fb(134)150 937 y Fe(prefix-meta)28 b(\(ESC\))17 b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(135)150 1025 y Fe(previous-history)d(\(C-p\))23 @@ -21520,7 +21557,7 @@ b(\(\))19 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f (:)g(:)22 b Fb(130)146 1824 y Fs(R)150 1941 y Fe(re-read-init-file)29 b(\(C-x)e(C-r\))15 b Fc(:)f(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f -(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(134)150 2029 y Fe(redraw-current-line)g(\(\))22 +(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)30 b Fb(135)150 2029 y Fe(redraw-current-line)g(\(\))22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h (:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)36 b Fb(128)150 2117 y Fe(reverse-search-history)31 b(\(C-r\))24 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) @@ -21544,7 +21581,7 @@ b Fc(:)j(:)f(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:) b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)h(:)f(:)33 b Fb(131)150 3178 y Fe(shell-transpose-words)d (\(M-C-t\))22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g -(:)35 b Fb(131)2025 264 y Fe(skip-csi-sequence)29 b(\(\))9 +(:)35 b Fb(132)2025 264 y Fe(skip-csi-sequence)29 b(\(\))9 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)24 b Fb(135)2025 351 y Fe(start-kbd-macro)29 b(\(C-x)d(\(\))8 b Fc(:)14 b(:)f(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g @@ -21569,9 +21606,9 @@ b(\(C-u\))20 b Fc(:)13 b(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:) f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)34 b Fb(131)2025 2178 y Fe (unix-word-rubout)29 b(\(C-w\))22 b Fc(:)13 b(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)36 -b Fb(131)2025 2265 y Fe(upcase-word)28 b(\(M-u\))17 b +b Fb(132)2025 2265 y Fe(upcase-word)28 b(\(M-u\))17 b Fc(:)d(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g -(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(130)2021 +(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)32 b Fb(131)2021 2744 y Fs(Y)2025 2894 y Fe(yank)26 b(\(C-y\))18 b Fc(:)c(:)f(:)g(:)h(:) f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g (:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)h(:)f(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)g(:)33 diff --git a/doc/bashref.texi b/doc/bashref.texi index be251fde..3943b85b 100644 --- a/doc/bashref.texi +++ b/doc/bashref.texi @@ -2727,7 +2727,7 @@ by @{@var{varname}@}, the value of @var{varname} defines the file descriptor to close. If @{@var{varname}@} is supplied, the redirection persists beyond the scope of the command, allowing the shell programmer to manage -the file descriptor himself. +the file descriptor's lifetime manually. In the following descriptions, if the file descriptor number is omitted, and the first character of the redirection operator is @@ -3787,7 +3787,7 @@ shift [@var{n}] Shift the positional parameters to the left by @var{n}. The positional parameters from @var{n}+1 @dots{} @code{$#} are renamed to @code{$1} @dots{} @code{$#}-@var{n}. -Parameters represented by the numbers @code{$#} to @code{$#}-@var{n}+1 +Parameters represented by the numbers @code{$#} down to @code{$#}-@var{n}+1 are unset. @var{n} must be a non-negative number less than or equal to @code{$#}. If @var{n} is zero or greater than @code{$#}, the positional parameters @@ -4440,6 +4440,8 @@ If @var{name} is @samp{-}, the set of shell options is made local to the function in which @code{local} is invoked: shell options changed using the @code{set} builtin inside the function are restored to their original values when the function returns. +The restore is effected as if a series of @code{set} commands were executed +to restore the values that were in place before the function. The return status is zero unless @code{local} is used outside a function, an invalid @var{name} is supplied, or @var{name} is a readonly variable. @@ -4584,12 +4586,6 @@ are used to split the line into words using the same rules the shell uses for expansion (described above in @ref{Word Splitting}). The backslash character @samp{\} may be used to remove any special meaning for the next character read and for line continuation. -If no names are supplied, the line read is assigned to the -variable @env{REPLY}. -The exit status is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, @code{read} -times out (in which case the status is greater than 128), -a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a readonly variable) occurs, -or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to @option{-u}. Options, if supplied, have the following meanings: @@ -4666,6 +4662,15 @@ The exit status is greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded. Read input from file descriptor @var{fd}. @end table +If no @var{name}s are supplied, the line read, +without the ending delimiter but otherwise unmodified, +is assigned to the +variable @env{REPLY}. +The exit status is zero, unless end-of-file is encountered, @code{read} +times out (in which case the status is greater than 128), +a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a readonly variable) occurs, +or an invalid file descriptor is supplied as the argument to @option{-u}. + @item readarray @btindex readarray @example @@ -5529,12 +5534,6 @@ If set, the @code{echo} builtin expands backslash-escape sequences by default. @end table - -@noindent -The return status when listing options is zero if all @var{optnames} -are enabled, non-zero otherwise. -When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an -@var{optname} is not a valid shell option. @end table @node Special Builtins @@ -6284,13 +6283,12 @@ not already set. The process @sc{id} of the shell's parent process. This variable is readonly. -@item PROMPT_COMMANDS -If this array variable is set, +@item PROMPT_COMMAND +If this variable is set, and is an array, the value of each set element is interpreted as a command to execute before printing the primary prompt (@env{$PS1}). -If this is not set, but -@env{PROMPT_COMMAND} -is set to a value, its value is used as a command to execute instead. +If this is set but not an array variable, +its value is used as a command to execute instead. @item PROMPT_DIRTRIM If set to a number greater than zero, the value is used as the number of @@ -8164,6 +8162,11 @@ more randomness. If the shell compatibility level is set to 50 or lower, it reverts to the method from bash-5.0 and previous versions, so seeding the random number generator by assigning a value to @env{RANDOM} will produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0 +@item +If the command hash table is empty, Bash versions prior to bash-5.1 +printed an informational message to that effect, even when producing +output that can be reused as input. Bash-5.1 suppresses that message +when the @option{-l} option is supplied. @end itemize @end table diff --git a/doc/builtins.0 b/doc/builtins.0 index aa257fd2..b406d43d 100644 --- a/doc/builtins.0 +++ b/doc/builtins.0 @@ -827,11 +827,13 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS is made local to the function in which llooccaall is invoked: shell options changed using the sseett builtin inside the function are restored to their original values when the function returns. - With no operands, llooccaall writes a list of local variables to the - standard output. It is an error to use llooccaall when not within a - function. The return status is 0 unless llooccaall is used outside a - function, an invalid _n_a_m_e is supplied, or _n_a_m_e is a readonly - variable. + The restore is effected as if a series of sseett commands were exe- + cuted to restore the values that were in place before the func- + tion. With no operands, llooccaall writes a list of local variables + to the standard output. It is an error to use llooccaall when not + within a function. The return status is 0 unless llooccaall is used + outside a function, an invalid _n_a_m_e is supplied, or _n_a_m_e is a + readonly variable. llooggoouutt Exit a login shell. @@ -1051,110 +1053,111 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS greater than 128 if the timeout is exceeded. --uu _f_d Read input from file descriptor _f_d. - If no _n_a_m_e_s are supplied, the line read is assigned to the vari- - able RREEPPLLYY. The exit status is zero, unless end-of-file is en- - countered, rreeaadd times out (in which case the status is greater - than 128), a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a - readonly variable) occurs, or an invalid file descriptor is sup- - plied as the argument to --uu. + If no _n_a_m_e_s are supplied, the line read, without the ending de- + limiter but otherwise unmodified, is assigned to the variable + RREEPPLLYY. The exit status is zero, unless end-of-file is encoun- + tered, rreeaadd times out (in which case the status is greater than + 128), a variable assignment error (such as assigning to a read- + only variable) occurs, or an invalid file descriptor is supplied + as the argument to --uu. rreeaaddoonnllyy [--aaAAff] [--pp] [_n_a_m_e[=_w_o_r_d] ...] - The given _n_a_m_e_s are marked readonly; the values of these _n_a_m_e_s - may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the --ff option - is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _n_a_m_e_s are so - marked. The --aa option restricts the variables to indexed ar- - rays; the --AA option restricts the variables to associative ar- + The given _n_a_m_e_s are marked readonly; the values of these _n_a_m_e_s + may not be changed by subsequent assignment. If the --ff option + is supplied, the functions corresponding to the _n_a_m_e_s are so + marked. The --aa option restricts the variables to indexed ar- + rays; the --AA option restricts the variables to associative ar- rays. If both options are supplied, --AA takes precedence. If no - _n_a_m_e arguments are given, or if the --pp option is supplied, a + _n_a_m_e arguments are given, or if the --pp option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed. The other options may be - used to restrict the output to a subset of the set of readonly - names. The --pp option causes output to be displayed in a format - that may be reused as input. If a variable name is followed by - =_w_o_r_d, the value of the variable is set to _w_o_r_d. The return - status is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the + used to restrict the output to a subset of the set of readonly + names. The --pp option causes output to be displayed in a format + that may be reused as input. If a variable name is followed by + =_w_o_r_d, the value of the variable is set to _w_o_r_d. The return + status is 0 unless an invalid option is encountered, one of the _n_a_m_e_s is not a valid shell variable name, or --ff is supplied with a _n_a_m_e that is not a function. rreettuurrnn [_n] - Causes a function to stop executing and return the value speci- - fied by _n to its caller. If _n is omitted, the return status is - that of the last command executed in the function body. If rree-- + Causes a function to stop executing and return the value speci- + fied by _n to its caller. If _n is omitted, the return status is + that of the last command executed in the function body. If rree-- ttuurrnn is executed by a trap handler, the last command used to de- - termine the status is the last command executed before the trap - handler. If rreettuurrnn is executed during a DDEEBBUUGG trap, the last - command used to determine the status is the last command exe- - cuted by the trap handler before rreettuurrnn was invoked. If rreettuurrnn - is used outside a function, but during execution of a script by - the .. (ssoouurrccee) command, it causes the shell to stop executing - that script and return either _n or the exit status of the last - command executed within the script as the exit status of the + termine the status is the last command executed before the trap + handler. If rreettuurrnn is executed during a DDEEBBUUGG trap, the last + command used to determine the status is the last command exe- + cuted by the trap handler before rreettuurrnn was invoked. If rreettuurrnn + is used outside a function, but during execution of a script by + the .. (ssoouurrccee) command, it causes the shell to stop executing + that script and return either _n or the exit status of the last + command executed within the script as the exit status of the script. If _n is supplied, the return value is its least signif- - icant 8 bits. The return status is non-zero if rreettuurrnn is sup- - plied a non-numeric argument, or is used outside a function and - not during execution of a script by .. or ssoouurrccee. Any command + icant 8 bits. The return status is non-zero if rreettuurrnn is sup- + plied a non-numeric argument, or is used outside a function and + not during execution of a script by .. or ssoouurrccee. Any command associated with the RREETTUURRNN trap is executed before execution re- sumes after the function or script. sseett [----aabbeeffhhkkmmnnppttuuvvxxBBCCEEHHPPTT] [--oo _o_p_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e] [_a_r_g ...] sseett [++aabbeeffhhkkmmnnppttuuvvxxBBCCEEHHPPTT] [++oo _o_p_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e] [_a_r_g ...] - Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are + Without options, the name and value of each shell variable are displayed in a format that can be reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set variables. Read-only variables can- - not be reset. In _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, only shell variables are listed. - The output is sorted according to the current locale. When op- - tions are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any - arguments remaining after option processing are treated as val- + not be reset. In _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e, only shell variables are listed. + The output is sorted according to the current locale. When op- + tions are specified, they set or unset shell attributes. Any + arguments remaining after option processing are treated as val- ues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in order, to - $$11, $$22, ...... $$_n. Options, if specified, have the following + $$11, $$22, ...... $$_n. Options, if specified, have the following meanings: --aa Each variable or function that is created or modified is - given the export attribute and marked for export to the + given the export attribute and marked for export to the environment of subsequent commands. - --bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi- + --bb Report the status of terminated background jobs immedi- ately, rather than before the next primary prompt. This is effective only when job control is enabled. - --ee Exit immediately if a _p_i_p_e_l_i_n_e (which may consist of a - single _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d), a _l_i_s_t, or a _c_o_m_p_o_u_n_d _c_o_m_m_a_n_d + --ee Exit immediately if a _p_i_p_e_l_i_n_e (which may consist of a + single _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d), a _l_i_s_t, or a _c_o_m_p_o_u_n_d _c_o_m_m_a_n_d (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR above), exits with a non-zero status. - The shell does not exit if the command that fails is - part of the command list immediately following a wwhhiillee - or uunnttiill keyword, part of the test following the iiff or - eelliiff reserved words, part of any command executed in a - &&&& or |||| list except the command following the final &&&& + The shell does not exit if the command that fails is + part of the command list immediately following a wwhhiillee + or uunnttiill keyword, part of the test following the iiff or + eelliiff reserved words, part of any command executed in a + &&&& or |||| list except the command following the final &&&& or ||||, any command in a pipeline but the last, or if the - command's return value is being inverted with !!. If a - compound command other than a subshell returns a non- - zero status because a command failed while --ee was being - ignored, the shell does not exit. A trap on EERRRR, if - set, is executed before the shell exits. This option + command's return value is being inverted with !!. If a + compound command other than a subshell returns a non- + zero status because a command failed while --ee was being + ignored, the shell does not exit. A trap on EERRRR, if + set, is executed before the shell exits. This option applies to the shell environment and each subshell envi- - ronment separately (see CCOOMMMMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT + ronment separately (see CCOOMMMMAANNDD EEXXEECCUUTTIIOONN EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTT above), and may cause subshells to exit before executing all the commands in the subshell. - If a compound command or shell function executes in a - context where --ee is being ignored, none of the commands - executed within the compound command or function body - will be affected by the --ee setting, even if --ee is set - and a command returns a failure status. If a compound - command or shell function sets --ee while executing in a - context where --ee is ignored, that setting will not have - any effect until the compound command or the command + If a compound command or shell function executes in a + context where --ee is being ignored, none of the commands + executed within the compound command or function body + will be affected by the --ee setting, even if --ee is set + and a command returns a failure status. If a compound + command or shell function sets --ee while executing in a + context where --ee is ignored, that setting will not have + any effect until the compound command or the command containing the function call completes. --ff Disable pathname expansion. - --hh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up + --hh Remember the location of commands as they are looked up for execution. This is enabled by default. - --kk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are - placed in the environment for a command, not just those + --kk All arguments in the form of assignment statements are + placed in the environment for a command, not just those that precede the command name. - --mm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is - on by default for interactive shells on systems that - support it (see JJOOBB CCOONNTTRROOLL above). All processes run + --mm Monitor mode. Job control is enabled. This option is + on by default for interactive shells on systems that + support it (see JJOOBB CCOONNTTRROOLL above). All processes run in a separate process group. When a background job com- pletes, the shell prints a line containing its exit sta- tus. --nn Read commands but do not execute them. This may be used - to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is ig- + to check a shell script for syntax errors. This is ig- nored by interactive shells. --oo _o_p_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e The _o_p_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e can be one of the following: @@ -1162,10 +1165,10 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS Same as --aa. bbrraacceeeexxppaanndd Same as --BB. - eemmaaccss Use an emacs-style command line editing inter- + eemmaaccss Use an emacs-style command line editing inter- face. This is enabled by default when the shell is interactive, unless the shell is started with - the ----nnooeeddiittiinngg option. This also affects the + the ----nnooeeddiittiinngg option. This also affects the editing interface used for rreeaadd --ee. eerrrreexxiitt Same as --ee. eerrrrttrraaccee @@ -1179,8 +1182,8 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS HHIISSTTOORRYY. This option is on by default in inter- active shells. iiggnnoorreeeeooff - The effect is as if the shell command ``IG- - NOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see SShheellll VVaarrii-- + The effect is as if the shell command ``IG- + NOREEOF=10'' had been executed (see SShheellll VVaarrii-- aabblleess above). kkeeyywwoorrdd Same as --kk. mmoonniittoorr Same as --mm. @@ -1195,172 +1198,172 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS pphhyyssiiccaall Same as --PP. ppiippeeffaaiill - If set, the return value of a pipeline is the - value of the last (rightmost) command to exit - with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands - in the pipeline exit successfully. This option + If set, the return value of a pipeline is the + value of the last (rightmost) command to exit + with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands + in the pipeline exit successfully. This option is disabled by default. - ppoossiixx Change the behavior of bbaasshh where the default - operation differs from the POSIX standard to - match the standard (_p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e). See SSEEEE AALLSSOO + ppoossiixx Change the behavior of bbaasshh where the default + operation differs from the POSIX standard to + match the standard (_p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e). See SSEEEE AALLSSOO below for a reference to a document that details how posix mode affects bash's behavior. pprriivviilleeggeedd Same as --pp. vveerrbboossee Same as --vv. - vvii Use a vi-style command line editing interface. + vvii Use a vi-style command line editing interface. This also affects the editing interface used for rreeaadd --ee. xxttrraaccee Same as --xx. If --oo is supplied with no _o_p_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e, the values of the - current options are printed. If ++oo is supplied with no - _o_p_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e, a series of sseett commands to recreate the - current option settings is displayed on the standard + current options are printed. If ++oo is supplied with no + _o_p_t_i_o_n_-_n_a_m_e, a series of sseett commands to recreate the + current option settings is displayed on the standard output. - --pp Turn on _p_r_i_v_i_l_e_g_e_d mode. In this mode, the $$EENNVV and - $$BBAASSHH__EENNVV files are not processed, shell functions are - not inherited from the environment, and the SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS, - BBAASSHHOOPPTTSS, CCDDPPAATTHH, and GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE variables, if they ap- - pear in the environment, are ignored. If the shell is - started with the effective user (group) id not equal to - the real user (group) id, and the --pp option is not sup- + --pp Turn on _p_r_i_v_i_l_e_g_e_d mode. In this mode, the $$EENNVV and + $$BBAASSHH__EENNVV files are not processed, shell functions are + not inherited from the environment, and the SSHHEELLLLOOPPTTSS, + BBAASSHHOOPPTTSS, CCDDPPAATTHH, and GGLLOOBBIIGGNNOORREE variables, if they ap- + pear in the environment, are ignored. If the shell is + started with the effective user (group) id not equal to + the real user (group) id, and the --pp option is not sup- plied, these actions are taken and the effective user id - is set to the real user id. If the --pp option is sup- - plied at startup, the effective user id is not reset. - Turning this option off causes the effective user and + is set to the real user id. If the --pp option is sup- + plied at startup, the effective user id is not reset. + Turning this option off causes the effective user and group ids to be set to the real user and group ids. --tt Exit after reading and executing one command. --uu Treat unset variables and parameters other than the spe- - cial parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing - parameter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an - unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error - message, and, if not interactive, exits with a non-zero + cial parameters "@" and "*" as an error when performing + parameter expansion. If expansion is attempted on an + unset variable or parameter, the shell prints an error + message, and, if not interactive, exits with a non-zero status. --vv Print shell input lines as they are read. - --xx After expanding each _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, ffoorr command, ccaassee + --xx After expanding each _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, ffoorr command, ccaassee command, sseelleecctt command, or arithmetic ffoorr command, dis- - play the expanded value of PPSS44, followed by the command + play the expanded value of PPSS44, followed by the command and its expanded arguments or associated word list. - --BB The shell performs brace expansion (see BBrraaccee EExxppaannssiioonn + --BB The shell performs brace expansion (see BBrraaccee EExxppaannssiioonn above). This is on by default. - --CC If set, bbaasshh does not overwrite an existing file with - the >>, >>&&, and <<>> redirection operators. This may be + --CC If set, bbaasshh does not overwrite an existing file with + the >>, >>&&, and <<>> redirection operators. This may be overridden when creating output files by using the redi- rection operator >>|| instead of >>. --EE If set, any trap on EERRRR is inherited by shell functions, - command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub- - shell environment. The EERRRR trap is normally not inher- + command substitutions, and commands executed in a sub- + shell environment. The EERRRR trap is normally not inher- ited in such cases. --HH Enable !! style history substitution. This option is on by default when the shell is interactive. - --PP If set, the shell does not resolve symbolic links when - executing commands such as ccdd that change the current + --PP If set, the shell does not resolve symbolic links when + executing commands such as ccdd that change the current working directory. It uses the physical directory structure instead. By default, bbaasshh follows the logical - chain of directories when performing commands which + chain of directories when performing commands which change the current directory. - --TT If set, any traps on DDEEBBUUGG and RREETTUURRNN are inherited by + --TT If set, any traps on DDEEBBUUGG and RREETTUURRNN are inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and commands ex- - ecuted in a subshell environment. The DDEEBBUUGG and RREETTUURRNN + ecuted in a subshell environment. The DDEEBBUUGG and RREETTUURRNN traps are normally not inherited in such cases. - ---- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional + ---- If no arguments follow this option, then the positional parameters are unset. Otherwise, the positional parame- - ters are set to the _a_r_gs, even if some of them begin + ters are set to the _a_r_gs, even if some of them begin with a --. - -- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _a_r_gs to + -- Signal the end of options, cause all remaining _a_r_gs to be assigned to the positional parameters. The --xx and --vv options are turned off. If there are no _a_r_gs, the posi- tional parameters remain unchanged. - The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using + - rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The op- + The options are off by default unless otherwise noted. Using + + rather than - causes these options to be turned off. The op- tions can also be specified as arguments to an invocation of the - shell. The current set of options may be found in $$--. The re- - turn status is always true unless an invalid option is encoun- + shell. The current set of options may be found in $$--. The re- + turn status is always true unless an invalid option is encoun- tered. sshhiifftt [_n] - The positional parameters from _n+1 ... are renamed to $$11 ........ - Parameters represented by the numbers $$## down to $$##-_n+1 are un- - set. _n must be a non-negative number less than or equal to $$##. - If _n is 0, no parameters are changed. If _n is not given, it is + The positional parameters from _n+1 ... are renamed to $$11 ........ + Parameters represented by the numbers $$## down to $$##-_n+1 are un- + set. _n must be a non-negative number less than or equal to $$##. + If _n is 0, no parameters are changed. If _n is not given, it is assumed to be 1. If _n is greater than $$##, the positional param- - eters are not changed. The return status is greater than zero + eters are not changed. The return status is greater than zero if _n is greater than $$## or less than zero; otherwise 0. sshhoopptt [--ppqqssuu] [--oo] [_o_p_t_n_a_m_e ...] - Toggle the values of settings controlling optional shell behav- - ior. The settings can be either those listed below, or, if the + Toggle the values of settings controlling optional shell behav- + ior. The settings can be either those listed below, or, if the --oo option is used, those available with the --oo option to the sseett builtin command. With no options, or with the --pp option, a list - of all settable options is displayed, with an indication of + of all settable options is displayed, with an indication of whether or not each is set; if _o_p_t_n_a_m_e_s are supplied, the output - is restricted to those options. The --pp option causes output to - be displayed in a form that may be reused as input. Other op- + is restricted to those options. The --pp option causes output to + be displayed in a form that may be reused as input. Other op- tions have the following meanings: --ss Enable (set) each _o_p_t_n_a_m_e. --uu Disable (unset) each _o_p_t_n_a_m_e. - --qq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status + --qq Suppresses normal output (quiet mode); the return status indicates whether the _o_p_t_n_a_m_e is set or unset. If multi- - ple _o_p_t_n_a_m_e arguments are given with --qq, the return sta- - tus is zero if all _o_p_t_n_a_m_e_s are enabled; non-zero other- + ple _o_p_t_n_a_m_e arguments are given with --qq, the return sta- + tus is zero if all _o_p_t_n_a_m_e_s are enabled; non-zero other- wise. - --oo Restricts the values of _o_p_t_n_a_m_e to be those defined for + --oo Restricts the values of _o_p_t_n_a_m_e to be those defined for the --oo option to the sseett builtin. - If either --ss or --uu is used with no _o_p_t_n_a_m_e arguments, sshhoopptt - shows only those options which are set or unset, respectively. - Unless otherwise noted, the sshhoopptt options are disabled (unset) + If either --ss or --uu is used with no _o_p_t_n_a_m_e arguments, sshhoopptt + shows only those options which are set or unset, respectively. + Unless otherwise noted, the sshhoopptt options are disabled (unset) by default. - The return status when listing options is zero if all _o_p_t_n_a_m_e_s - are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting op- - tions, the return status is zero unless an _o_p_t_n_a_m_e is not a + The return status when listing options is zero if all _o_p_t_n_a_m_e_s + are enabled, non-zero otherwise. When setting or unsetting op- + tions, the return status is zero unless an _o_p_t_n_a_m_e is not a valid shell option. The list of sshhoopptt options is: aassssoocc__eexxppaanndd__oonnccee - If set, the shell suppresses multiple evaluation of as- - sociative array subscripts during arithmetic expression - evaluation, while executing builtins that can perform - variable assignments, and while executing builtins that + If set, the shell suppresses multiple evaluation of as- + sociative array subscripts during arithmetic expression + evaluation, while executing builtins that can perform + variable assignments, and while executing builtins that perform array dereferencing. - aauuttooccdd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory - is executed as if it were the argument to the ccdd com- + aauuttooccdd If set, a command name that is the name of a directory + is executed as if it were the argument to the ccdd com- mand. This option is only used by interactive shells. ccddaabbllee__vvaarrss - If set, an argument to the ccdd builtin command that is - not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable + If set, an argument to the ccdd builtin command that is + not a directory is assumed to be the name of a variable whose value is the directory to change to. ccddssppeellll If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory com- - ponent in a ccdd command will be corrected. The errors + ponent in a ccdd command will be corrected. The errors checked for are transposed characters, a missing charac- - ter, and one character too many. If a correction is - found, the corrected filename is printed, and the com- - mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive + ter, and one character too many. If a correction is + found, the corrected filename is printed, and the com- + mand proceeds. This option is only used by interactive shells. cchheecckkhhaasshh If set, bbaasshh checks that a command found in the hash ta- - ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed - command no longer exists, a normal path search is per- + ble exists before trying to execute it. If a hashed + command no longer exists, a normal path search is per- formed. cchheecckkjjoobbss If set, bbaasshh lists the status of any stopped and running - jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs + jobs before exiting an interactive shell. If any jobs are running, this causes the exit to be deferred until a - second exit is attempted without an intervening command + second exit is attempted without an intervening command (see JJOOBB CCOONNTTRROOLL above). The shell always postpones ex- iting if any jobs are stopped. cchheecckkwwiinnssiizzee - If set, bbaasshh checks the window size after each external - (non-builtin) command and, if necessary, updates the - values of LLIINNEESS and CCOOLLUUMMNNSS. This option is enabled by + If set, bbaasshh checks the window size after each external + (non-builtin) command and, if necessary, updates the + values of LLIINNEESS and CCOOLLUUMMNNSS. This option is enabled by default. - ccmmddhhiisstt If set, bbaasshh attempts to save all lines of a multiple- - line command in the same history entry. This allows - easy re-editing of multi-line commands. This option is - enabled by default, but only has an effect if command + ccmmddhhiisstt If set, bbaasshh attempts to save all lines of a multiple- + line command in the same history entry. This allows + easy re-editing of multi-line commands. This option is + enabled by default, but only has an effect if command history is enabled, as described above under HHIISSTTOORRYY. ccoommppaatt3311 ccoommppaatt3322 @@ -1369,117 +1372,117 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS ccoommppaatt4422 ccoommppaatt4433 ccoommppaatt4444 - These control aspects of the shell's compatibility mode + These control aspects of the shell's compatibility mode (see SSHHEELLLL CCOOMMPPAATTIIBBIILLIITTYY MMOODDEE below). ccoommpplleettee__ffuullllqquuoottee - If set, bbaasshh quotes all shell metacharacters in file- - names and directory names when performing completion. + If set, bbaasshh quotes all shell metacharacters in file- + names and directory names when performing completion. If not set, bbaasshh removes metacharacters such as the dol- - lar sign from the set of characters that will be quoted - in completed filenames when these metacharacters appear - in shell variable references in words to be completed. - This means that dollar signs in variable names that ex- - pand to directories will not be quoted; however, any - dollar signs appearing in filenames will not be quoted, - either. This is active only when bash is using back- - slashes to quote completed filenames. This variable is - set by default, which is the default bash behavior in + lar sign from the set of characters that will be quoted + in completed filenames when these metacharacters appear + in shell variable references in words to be completed. + This means that dollar signs in variable names that ex- + pand to directories will not be quoted; however, any + dollar signs appearing in filenames will not be quoted, + either. This is active only when bash is using back- + slashes to quote completed filenames. This variable is + set by default, which is the default bash behavior in versions through 4.2. ddiirreexxppaanndd - If set, bbaasshh replaces directory names with the results - of word expansion when performing filename completion. - This changes the contents of the readline editing buf- - fer. If not set, bbaasshh attempts to preserve what the + If set, bbaasshh replaces directory names with the results + of word expansion when performing filename completion. + This changes the contents of the readline editing buf- + fer. If not set, bbaasshh attempts to preserve what the user typed. ddiirrssppeellll - If set, bbaasshh attempts spelling correction on directory - names during word completion if the directory name ini- + If set, bbaasshh attempts spelling correction on directory + names during word completion if the directory name ini- tially supplied does not exist. - ddoottgglloobb If set, bbaasshh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in - the results of pathname expansion. The filenames ````..'''' - and ````....'''' must always be matched explicitly, even if + ddoottgglloobb If set, bbaasshh includes filenames beginning with a `.' in + the results of pathname expansion. The filenames ````..'''' + and ````....'''' must always be matched explicitly, even if ddoottgglloobb is set. eexxeeccffaaiill If set, a non-interactive shell will not exit if it can- - not execute the file specified as an argument to the - eexxeecc builtin command. An interactive shell does not + not execute the file specified as an argument to the + eexxeecc builtin command. An interactive shell does not exit if eexxeecc fails. eexxppaanndd__aalliiaasseess - If set, aliases are expanded as described above under + If set, aliases are expanded as described above under AALLIIAASSEESS. This option is enabled by default for interac- tive shells. eexxttddeebbuugg - If set at shell invocation, or in a shell startup file, + If set at shell invocation, or in a shell startup file, arrange to execute the debugger profile before the shell - starts, identical to the ----ddeebbuuggggeerr option. If set af- - ter invocation, behavior intended for use by debuggers + starts, identical to the ----ddeebbuuggggeerr option. If set af- + ter invocation, behavior intended for use by debuggers is enabled: 11.. The --FF option to the ddeeccllaarree builtin displays the source file name and line number corresponding to each function name supplied as an argument. - 22.. If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a - non-zero value, the next command is skipped and + 22.. If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a + non-zero value, the next command is skipped and not executed. - 33.. If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a - value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub- - routine (a shell function or a shell script exe- - cuted by the .. or ssoouurrccee builtins), the shell + 33.. If the command run by the DDEEBBUUGG trap returns a + value of 2, and the shell is executing in a sub- + routine (a shell function or a shell script exe- + cuted by the .. or ssoouurrccee builtins), the shell simulates a call to rreettuurrnn. - 44.. BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC and BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV are updated as described + 44.. BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC and BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV are updated as described in their descriptions above. - 55.. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu- + 55.. Function tracing is enabled: command substitu- tion, shell functions, and subshells invoked with (( _c_o_m_m_a_n_d )) inherit the DDEEBBUUGG and RREETTUURRNN traps. - 66.. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, - shell functions, and subshells invoked with (( + 66.. Error tracing is enabled: command substitution, + shell functions, and subshells invoked with (( _c_o_m_m_a_n_d )) inherit the EERRRR trap. eexxttgglloobb If set, the extended pattern matching features described above under PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn are enabled. eexxttqquuoottee - If set, $$'_s_t_r_i_n_g' and $$"_s_t_r_i_n_g" quoting is performed - within $${{_p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r}} expansions enclosed in double + If set, $$'_s_t_r_i_n_g' and $$"_s_t_r_i_n_g" quoting is performed + within $${{_p_a_r_a_m_e_t_e_r}} expansions enclosed in double quotes. This option is enabled by default. ffaaiillgglloobb - If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during + If set, patterns which fail to match filenames during pathname expansion result in an expansion error. ffoorrccee__ffiiggnnoorree - If set, the suffixes specified by the FFIIGGNNOORREE shell - variable cause words to be ignored when performing word + If set, the suffixes specified by the FFIIGGNNOORREE shell + variable cause words to be ignored when performing word completion even if the ignored words are the only possi- - ble completions. See SSHHEELLLL VVAARRIIAABBLLEESS above for a de- - scription of FFIIGGNNOORREE. This option is enabled by de- + ble completions. See SSHHEELLLL VVAARRIIAABBLLEESS above for a de- + scription of FFIIGGNNOORREE. This option is enabled by de- fault. gglloobbaasscciiiirraannggeess - If set, range expressions used in pattern matching - bracket expressions (see PPaatttteerrnn MMaattcchhiinngg above) behave - as if in the traditional C locale when performing com- - parisons. That is, the current locale's collating se- - quence is not taken into account, so bb will not collate - between AA and BB, and upper-case and lower-case ASCII + If set, range expressions used in pattern matching + bracket expressions (see PPaatttteerrnn MMaattcchhiinngg above) behave + as if in the traditional C locale when performing com- + parisons. That is, the current locale's collating se- + quence is not taken into account, so bb will not collate + between AA and BB, and upper-case and lower-case ASCII characters will collate together. gglloobbssttaarr If set, the pattern **** used in a pathname expansion con- - text will match all files and zero or more directories - and subdirectories. If the pattern is followed by a //, + text will match all files and zero or more directories + and subdirectories. If the pattern is followed by a //, only directories and subdirectories match. ggnnuu__eerrrrffmmtt @@ -1487,25 +1490,25 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS GNU error message format. hhiissttaappppeenndd - If set, the history list is appended to the file named + If set, the history list is appended to the file named by the value of the HHIISSTTFFIILLEE variable when the shell ex- its, rather than overwriting the file. hhiissttrreeeeddiitt - If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, a user is given the + If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, a user is given the opportunity to re-edit a failed history substitution. hhiissttvveerriiffyy - If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, the results of his- - tory substitution are not immediately passed to the - shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded + If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, the results of his- + tory substitution are not immediately passed to the + shell parser. Instead, the resulting line is loaded into the rreeaaddlliinnee editing buffer, allowing further modi- fication. hhoossttccoommpplleettee If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, bbaasshh will attempt to - perform hostname completion when a word containing a @@ - is being completed (see CCoommpplleettiinngg under RREEAADDLLIINNEE + perform hostname completion when a word containing a @@ + is being completed (see CCoommpplleettiinngg under RREEAADDLLIINNEE above). This is enabled by default. hhuuppoonneexxiitt @@ -1513,23 +1516,23 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS active login shell exits. iinnhheerriitt__eerrrreexxiitt - If set, command substitution inherits the value of the - eerrrreexxiitt option, instead of unsetting it in the subshell - environment. This option is enabled when _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e is + If set, command substitution inherits the value of the + eerrrreexxiitt option, instead of unsetting it in the subshell + environment. This option is enabled when _p_o_s_i_x _m_o_d_e is enabled. iinntteerraaccttiivvee__ccoommmmeennttss If set, allow a word beginning with ## to cause that word - and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored - in an interactive shell (see CCOOMMMMEENNTTSS above). This op- + and all remaining characters on that line to be ignored + in an interactive shell (see CCOOMMMMEENNTTSS above). This op- tion is enabled by default. llaassttppiippee - If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs + If set, and job control is not active, the shell runs the last command of a pipeline not executed in the back- ground in the current shell environment. - lliitthhiisstt If set, and the ccmmddhhiisstt option is enabled, multi-line + lliitthhiisstt If set, and the ccmmddhhiisstt option is enabled, multi-line commands are saved to the history with embedded newlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible. @@ -1540,43 +1543,43 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS tribute is not inherited. llooccaallvvaarr__uunnsseett - If set, calling uunnsseett on local variables in previous - function scopes marks them so subsequent lookups find - them unset until that function returns. This is identi- - cal to the behavior of unsetting local variables at the + If set, calling uunnsseett on local variables in previous + function scopes marks them so subsequent lookups find + them unset until that function returns. This is identi- + cal to the behavior of unsetting local variables at the current function scope. llooggiinn__sshheellll - The shell sets this option if it is started as a login - shell (see IINNVVOOCCAATTIIOONN above). The value may not be + The shell sets this option if it is started as a login + shell (see IINNVVOOCCAATTIIOONN above). The value may not be changed. mmaaiillwwaarrnn - If set, and a file that bbaasshh is checking for mail has - been accessed since the last time it was checked, the - message ``The mail in _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e has been read'' is dis- + If set, and a file that bbaasshh is checking for mail has + been accessed since the last time it was checked, the + message ``The mail in _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e has been read'' is dis- played. nnoo__eemmppttyy__ccmmdd__ccoommpplleettiioonn - If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, bbaasshh will not at- - tempt to search the PPAATTHH for possible completions when + If set, and rreeaaddlliinnee is being used, bbaasshh will not at- + tempt to search the PPAATTHH for possible completions when completion is attempted on an empty line. nnooccaasseegglloobb - If set, bbaasshh matches filenames in a case-insensitive + If set, bbaasshh matches filenames in a case-insensitive fashion when performing pathname expansion (see PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn above). nnooccaasseemmaattcchh - If set, bbaasshh matches patterns in a case-insensitive + If set, bbaasshh matches patterns in a case-insensitive fashion when performing matching while executing ccaassee or [[[[ conditional commands, when performing pattern substi- - tution word expansions, or when filtering possible com- + tution word expansions, or when filtering possible com- pletions as part of programmable completion. nnuullllgglloobb - If set, bbaasshh allows patterns which match no files (see - PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn above) to expand to a null string, + If set, bbaasshh allows patterns which match no files (see + PPaatthhnnaammee EExxppaannssiioonn above) to expand to a null string, rather than themselves. pprrooggccoommpp @@ -1585,63 +1588,63 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS enabled by default. pprrooggccoommpp__aalliiaass - If set, and programmable completion is enabled, bbaasshh - treats a command name that doesn't have any completions - as a possible alias and attempts alias expansion. If it - has an alias, bbaasshh attempts programmable completion us- + If set, and programmable completion is enabled, bbaasshh + treats a command name that doesn't have any completions + as a possible alias and attempts alias expansion. If it + has an alias, bbaasshh attempts programmable completion us- ing the command word resulting from the expanded alias. pprroommppttvvaarrss If set, prompt strings undergo parameter expansion, com- - mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote re- - moval after being expanded as described in PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG + mand substitution, arithmetic expansion, and quote re- + moval after being expanded as described in PPRROOMMPPTTIINNGG above. This option is enabled by default. rreessttrriicctteedd__sshheellll - The shell sets this option if it is started in re- - stricted mode (see RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL below). The value - may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup - files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis- + The shell sets this option if it is started in re- + stricted mode (see RREESSTTRRIICCTTEEDD SSHHEELLLL below). The value + may not be changed. This is not reset when the startup + files are executed, allowing the startup files to dis- cover whether or not a shell is restricted. sshhiifftt__vveerrbboossee - If set, the sshhiifftt builtin prints an error message when + If set, the sshhiifftt builtin prints an error message when the shift count exceeds the number of positional parame- ters. ssoouurrcceeppaatthh If set, the ssoouurrccee (..) builtin uses the value of PPAATTHH to - find the directory containing the file supplied as an + find the directory containing the file supplied as an argument. This option is enabled by default. xxppgg__eecchhoo - If set, the eecchhoo builtin expands backslash-escape se- + If set, the eecchhoo builtin expands backslash-escape se- quences by default. ssuussppeenndd [--ff] - Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SSIIGGCCOONNTT + Suspend the execution of this shell until it receives a SSIIGGCCOONNTT signal. A login shell cannot be suspended; the --ff option can be used to override this and force the suspension. The return sta- - tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and --ff is not sup- + tus is 0 unless the shell is a login shell and --ff is not sup- plied, or if job control is not enabled. tteesstt _e_x_p_r [[ _e_x_p_r ]] Return a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on the evalu- ation of the conditional expression _e_x_p_r. Each operator and op- - erand must be a separate argument. Expressions are composed of - the primaries described in the bbaasshh manual page under CCOONNDDII-- - TTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS. tteesstt does not accept any options, nor does - it accept and ignore an argument of ---- as signifying the end of + erand must be a separate argument. Expressions are composed of + the primaries described in the bbaasshh manual page under CCOONNDDII-- + TTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS. tteesstt does not accept any options, nor does + it accept and ignore an argument of ---- as signifying the end of options. - Expressions may be combined using the following operators, - listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation de- - pends on the number of arguments; see below. Operator prece- + Expressions may be combined using the following operators, + listed in decreasing order of precedence. The evaluation de- + pends on the number of arguments; see below. Operator prece- dence is used when there are five or more arguments. !! _e_x_p_r True if _e_x_p_r is false. (( _e_x_p_r )) - Returns the value of _e_x_p_r. This may be used to override + Returns the value of _e_x_p_r. This may be used to override the normal precedence of operators. _e_x_p_r_1 -aa _e_x_p_r_2 True if both _e_x_p_r_1 and _e_x_p_r_2 are true. @@ -1658,134 +1661,134 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS null. 2 arguments If the first argument is !!, the expression is true if and - only if the second argument is null. If the first argu- - ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed - above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the expression is + only if the second argument is null. If the first argu- + ment is one of the unary conditional operators listed + above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the expression is true if the unary test is true. If the first argument is not a valid unary conditional operator, the expression is false. 3 arguments The following conditions are applied in the order listed. - If the second argument is one of the binary conditional + If the second argument is one of the binary conditional operators listed above under CCOONNDDIITTIIOONNAALL EEXXPPRREESSSSIIOONNSS, the result of the expression is the result of the binary test - using the first and third arguments as operands. The --aa - and --oo operators are considered binary operators when - there are three arguments. If the first argument is !!, - the value is the negation of the two-argument test using + using the first and third arguments as operands. The --aa + and --oo operators are considered binary operators when + there are three arguments. If the first argument is !!, + the value is the negation of the two-argument test using the second and third arguments. If the first argument is exactly (( and the third argument is exactly )), the result - is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other- + is the one-argument test of the second argument. Other- wise, the expression is false. 4 arguments If the first argument is !!, the result is the negation of - the three-argument expression composed of the remaining + the three-argument expression composed of the remaining arguments. Otherwise, the expression is parsed and eval- - uated according to precedence using the rules listed + uated according to precedence using the rules listed above. 5 or more arguments - The expression is parsed and evaluated according to + The expression is parsed and evaluated according to precedence using the rules listed above. - When used with tteesstt or [[, the << and >> operators sort lexico- + When used with tteesstt or [[, the << and >> operators sort lexico- graphically using ASCII ordering. - ttiimmeess Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and + ttiimmeess Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for processes run from the shell. The return status is 0. ttrraapp [--llpp] [[_a_r_g] _s_i_g_s_p_e_c ...] - The command _a_r_g is to be read and executed when the shell re- + The command _a_r_g is to be read and executed when the shell re- ceives signal(s) _s_i_g_s_p_e_c. If _a_r_g is absent (and there is a sin- - gle _s_i_g_s_p_e_c) or --, each specified signal is reset to its origi- - nal disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the shell). - If _a_r_g is the null string the signal specified by each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c - is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes. If _a_r_g - is not present and --pp has been supplied, then the trap commands + gle _s_i_g_s_p_e_c) or --, each specified signal is reset to its origi- + nal disposition (the value it had upon entrance to the shell). + If _a_r_g is the null string the signal specified by each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c + is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes. If _a_r_g + is not present and --pp has been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c are displayed. If no arguments are - supplied or if only --pp is given, ttrraapp prints the list of com- - mands associated with each signal. The --ll option causes the - shell to print a list of signal names and their corresponding - numbers. Each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is either a signal name defined in <_s_i_g_- - _n_a_l_._h>, or a signal number. Signal names are case insensitive + supplied or if only --pp is given, ttrraapp prints the list of com- + mands associated with each signal. The --ll option causes the + shell to print a list of signal names and their corresponding + numbers. Each _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is either a signal name defined in <_s_i_g_- + _n_a_l_._h>, or a signal number. Signal names are case insensitive and the SSIIGG prefix is optional. - If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EEXXIITT (0) the command _a_r_g is executed on exit - from the shell. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is DDEEBBUUGG, the command _a_r_g is exe- - cuted before every _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, _f_o_r command, _c_a_s_e command, - _s_e_l_e_c_t command, every arithmetic _f_o_r command, and before the - first command executes in a shell function (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR - above). Refer to the description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the + If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EEXXIITT (0) the command _a_r_g is executed on exit + from the shell. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is DDEEBBUUGG, the command _a_r_g is exe- + cuted before every _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d, _f_o_r command, _c_a_s_e command, + _s_e_l_e_c_t command, every arithmetic _f_o_r command, and before the + first command executes in a shell function (see SSHHEELLLL GGRRAAMMMMAARR + above). Refer to the description of the eexxttddeebbuugg option to the sshhoopptt builtin for details of its effect on the DDEEBBUUGG trap. If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is RREETTUURRNN, the command _a_r_g is executed each time a shell function or a script executed with the .. or ssoouurrccee builtins fin- ishes executing. - If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EERRRR, the command _a_r_g is executed whenever a + If a _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is EERRRR, the command _a_r_g is executed whenever a pipeline (which may consist of a single simple command), a list, or a compound command returns a non-zero exit status, subject to - the following conditions. The EERRRR trap is not executed if the + the following conditions. The EERRRR trap is not executed if the failed command is part of the command list immediately following - a wwhhiillee or uunnttiill keyword, part of the test in an _i_f statement, + a wwhhiillee or uunnttiill keyword, part of the test in an _i_f statement, part of a command executed in a &&&& or |||| list except the command - following the final &&&& or ||||, any command in a pipeline but the - last, or if the command's return value is being inverted using + following the final &&&& or ||||, any command in a pipeline but the + last, or if the command's return value is being inverted using !!. These are the same conditions obeyed by the eerrrreexxiitt (--ee) op- tion. Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or re- - set. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to + set. Trapped signals that are not being ignored are reset to their original values in a subshell or subshell environment when - one is created. The return status is false if any _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is + one is created. The return status is false if any _s_i_g_s_p_e_c is invalid; otherwise ttrraapp returns true. ttyyppee [--aaffttppPP] _n_a_m_e [_n_a_m_e ...] - With no options, indicate how each _n_a_m_e would be interpreted if + With no options, indicate how each _n_a_m_e would be interpreted if used as a command name. If the --tt option is used, ttyyppee prints a - string which is one of _a_l_i_a_s, _k_e_y_w_o_r_d, _f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n, _b_u_i_l_t_i_n, or - _f_i_l_e if _n_a_m_e is an alias, shell reserved word, function, - builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _n_a_m_e is not found, - then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is re- - turned. If the --pp option is used, ttyyppee either returns the name - of the disk file that would be executed if _n_a_m_e were specified - as a command name, or nothing if ``type -t name'' would not re- - turn _f_i_l_e. The --PP option forces a PPAATTHH search for each _n_a_m_e, + string which is one of _a_l_i_a_s, _k_e_y_w_o_r_d, _f_u_n_c_t_i_o_n, _b_u_i_l_t_i_n, or + _f_i_l_e if _n_a_m_e is an alias, shell reserved word, function, + builtin, or disk file, respectively. If the _n_a_m_e is not found, + then nothing is printed, and an exit status of false is re- + turned. If the --pp option is used, ttyyppee either returns the name + of the disk file that would be executed if _n_a_m_e were specified + as a command name, or nothing if ``type -t name'' would not re- + turn _f_i_l_e. The --PP option forces a PPAATTHH search for each _n_a_m_e, even if ``type -t name'' would not return _f_i_l_e. If a command is hashed, --pp and --PP print the hashed value, which is not necessar- - ily the file that appears first in PPAATTHH. If the --aa option is - used, ttyyppee prints all of the places that contain an executable + ily the file that appears first in PPAATTHH. If the --aa option is + used, ttyyppee prints all of the places that contain an executable named _n_a_m_e. This includes aliases and functions, if and only if the --pp option is not also used. The table of hashed commands is - not consulted when using --aa. The --ff option suppresses shell + not consulted when using --aa. The --ff option suppresses shell function lookup, as with the ccoommmmaanndd builtin. ttyyppee returns true if all of the arguments are found, false if any are not found. uulliimmiitt [--HHSSaabbccddeeffiikkllmmnnppqqrrssttuuvvxxPPRRTT [_l_i_m_i_t]] - Provides control over the resources available to the shell and - to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control. + Provides control over the resources available to the shell and + to processes started by it, on systems that allow such control. The --HH and --SS options specify that the hard or soft limit is set - for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a - non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up - to the value of the hard limit. If neither --HH nor --SS is speci- + for the given resource. A hard limit cannot be increased by a + non-root user once it is set; a soft limit may be increased up + to the value of the hard limit. If neither --HH nor --SS is speci- fied, both the soft and hard limits are set. The value of _l_i_m_i_t can be a number in the unit specified for the resource or one of the special values hhaarrdd, ssoofftt, or uunnlliimmiitteedd, which stand for the - current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit, re- - spectively. If _l_i_m_i_t is omitted, the current value of the soft + current hard limit, the current soft limit, and no limit, re- + spectively. If _l_i_m_i_t is omitted, the current value of the soft limit of the resource is printed, unless the --HH option is given. - When more than one resource is specified, the limit name and - unit are printed before the value. Other options are inter- + When more than one resource is specified, the limit name and + unit are printed before the value. Other options are inter- preted as follows: --aa All current limits are reported --bb The maximum socket buffer size --cc The maximum size of core files created --dd The maximum size of a process's data segment --ee The maximum scheduling priority ("nice") - --ff The maximum size of files written by the shell and its + --ff The maximum size of files written by the shell and its children --ii The maximum number of pending signals --kk The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated --ll The maximum size that may be locked into memory - --mm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor + --mm The maximum resident set size (many systems do not honor this limit) --nn The maximum number of open file descriptors (most systems do not allow this value to be set) @@ -1794,132 +1797,132 @@ BBAASSHH BBUUIILLTTIINN CCOOMMMMAANNDDSS --rr The maximum real-time scheduling priority --ss The maximum stack size --tt The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds - --uu The maximum number of processes available to a single + --uu The maximum number of processes available to a single user - --vv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the + --vv The maximum amount of virtual memory available to the shell and, on some systems, to its children --xx The maximum number of file locks --PP The maximum number of pseudoterminals - --RR The maximum time a real-time process can run before + --RR The maximum time a real-time process can run before blocking, in microseconds --TT The maximum number of threads - If _l_i_m_i_t is given, and the --aa option is not used, _l_i_m_i_t is the - new value of the specified resource. If no option is given, - then --ff is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except - for --tt, which is in seconds; --RR, which is in microseconds; --pp, - which is in units of 512-byte blocks; --PP, --TT, --bb, --kk, --nn, and - --uu, which are unscaled values; and, when in posix mode, --cc and - --ff, which are in 512-byte increments. The return status is 0 - unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error + If _l_i_m_i_t is given, and the --aa option is not used, _l_i_m_i_t is the + new value of the specified resource. If no option is given, + then --ff is assumed. Values are in 1024-byte increments, except + for --tt, which is in seconds; --RR, which is in microseconds; --pp, + which is in units of 512-byte blocks; --PP, --TT, --bb, --kk, --nn, and + --uu, which are unscaled values; and, when in posix mode, --cc and + --ff, which are in 512-byte increments. The return status is 0 + unless an invalid option or argument is supplied, or an error occurs while setting a new limit. uummaasskk [--pp] [--SS] [_m_o_d_e] The user file-creation mask is set to _m_o_d_e. If _m_o_d_e begins with - a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is - interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by - _c_h_m_o_d(1). If _m_o_d_e is omitted, the current value of the mask is - printed. The --SS option causes the mask to be printed in sym- - bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the --pp + a digit, it is interpreted as an octal number; otherwise it is + interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that accepted by + _c_h_m_o_d(1). If _m_o_d_e is omitted, the current value of the mask is + printed. The --SS option causes the mask to be printed in sym- + bolic form; the default output is an octal number. If the --pp option is supplied, and _m_o_d_e is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input. The return status is 0 if the mode - was successfully changed or if no _m_o_d_e argument was supplied, + was successfully changed or if no _m_o_d_e argument was supplied, and false otherwise. uunnaalliiaass [-aa] [_n_a_m_e ...] - Remove each _n_a_m_e from the list of defined aliases. If --aa is - supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value + Remove each _n_a_m_e from the list of defined aliases. If --aa is + supplied, all alias definitions are removed. The return value is true unless a supplied _n_a_m_e is not a defined alias. uunnsseett [-ffvv] [-nn] [_n_a_m_e ...] - For each _n_a_m_e, remove the corresponding variable or function. + For each _n_a_m_e, remove the corresponding variable or function. If the --vv option is given, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell variable, - and that variable is removed. Read-only variables may not be - unset. If --ff is specified, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell func- - tion, and the function definition is removed. If the --nn option - is supplied, and _n_a_m_e is a variable with the _n_a_m_e_r_e_f attribute, - _n_a_m_e will be unset rather than the variable it references. --nn - has no effect if the --ff option is supplied. If no options are - supplied, each _n_a_m_e refers to a variable; if there is no vari- - able by that name, a function with that name, if any, is unset. - Each unset variable or function is removed from the environment - passed to subsequent commands. If any of BBAASSHH__AALLIIAASSEESS, + and that variable is removed. Read-only variables may not be + unset. If --ff is specified, each _n_a_m_e refers to a shell func- + tion, and the function definition is removed. If the --nn option + is supplied, and _n_a_m_e is a variable with the _n_a_m_e_r_e_f attribute, + _n_a_m_e will be unset rather than the variable it references. --nn + has no effect if the --ff option is supplied. If no options are + supplied, each _n_a_m_e refers to a variable; if there is no vari- + able by that name, a function with that name, if any, is unset. + Each unset variable or function is removed from the environment + passed to subsequent commands. If any of BBAASSHH__AALLIIAASSEESS, BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV00, BBAASSHH__CCMMDDSS, BBAASSHH__CCOOMMMMAANNDD, BBAASSHH__SSUUBBSSHHEELLLL, BBAASSHHPPIIDD, - CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS, DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK, EEPPOOCCHHRREEAALLTTIIMMEE, EEPPOOCCHHSSEECCOONNDDSS, FFUUNNCC-- - NNAAMMEE, GGRROOUUPPSS, HHIISSTTCCMMDD, LLIINNEENNOO, RRAANNDDOOMM, SSEECCOONNDDSS, or SSRRAANNDDOOMM are + CCOOMMPP__WWOORRDDBBRREEAAKKSS, DDIIRRSSTTAACCKK, EEPPOOCCHHRREEAALLTTIIMMEE, EEPPOOCCHHSSEECCOONNDDSS, FFUUNNCC-- + NNAAMMEE, GGRROOUUPPSS, HHIISSTTCCMMDD, LLIINNEENNOO, RRAANNDDOOMM, SSEECCOONNDDSS, or SSRRAANNDDOOMM are unset, they lose their special properties, even if they are sub- sequently reset. The exit status is true unless a _n_a_m_e is read- only. wwaaiitt [--ffnn] [--pp _v_a_r_n_a_m_e] [_i_d _._._.] Wait for each specified child process and return its termination - status. Each _i_d may be a process ID or a job specification; if - a job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are - waited for. If _i_d is not given, wwaaiitt waits for all running - background jobs and the last-executed process substitution, if + status. Each _i_d may be a process ID or a job specification; if + a job spec is given, all processes in that job's pipeline are + waited for. If _i_d is not given, wwaaiitt waits for all running + background jobs and the last-executed process substitution, if its process id is the same as $$!!, and the return status is zero. - If the --nn option is supplied, wwaaiitt waits for a single job from + If the --nn option is supplied, wwaaiitt waits for a single job from the list of _i_ds or, if no _i_ds are supplied, any job, to complete - and returns its exit status. If none of the supplied arguments + and returns its exit status. If none of the supplied arguments is a child of the shell, or if no arguments are supplied and the - shell has no unwaited-for children, the exit status is 127. If - the --pp option is supplied, the process or job identifier of the - job for which the exit status is returned is assigned to the - variable _v_a_r_n_a_m_e named by the option argument. The variable - will be unset initially, before any assignment. This is useful - only when the --nn option is supplied. Supplying the --ff option, - when job control is enabled, forces wwaaiitt to wait for _i_d to ter- + shell has no unwaited-for children, the exit status is 127. If + the --pp option is supplied, the process or job identifier of the + job for which the exit status is returned is assigned to the + variable _v_a_r_n_a_m_e named by the option argument. The variable + will be unset initially, before any assignment. This is useful + only when the --nn option is supplied. Supplying the --ff option, + when job control is enabled, forces wwaaiitt to wait for _i_d to ter- minate before returning its status, instead of returning when it - changes status. If _i_d specifies a non-existent process or job, - the return status is 127. Otherwise, the return status is the + changes status. If _i_d specifies a non-existent process or job, + the return status is 127. Otherwise, the return status is the exit status of the last process or job waited for. SSHHEELLLL CCOOMMPPAATTIIBBIILLIITTYY MMOODDEE Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a `shell compatibility level', spec- ified as a set of options to the shopt builtin ccoommppaatt3311, ccoommppaatt3322, ccoomm-- - ppaatt4400, ccoommppaatt4411, and so on). There is only one current compatibility + ppaatt4400, ccoommppaatt4411, and so on). There is only one current compatibility level -- each option is mutually exclusive. The compatibility level is - intended to allow users to select behavior from previous versions that - is incompatible with newer versions while they migrate scripts to use - current features and behavior. It's intended to be a temporary solu- + intended to allow users to select behavior from previous versions that + is incompatible with newer versions while they migrate scripts to use + current features and behavior. It's intended to be a temporary solu- tion. - This section does not mention behavior that is standard for a particu- - lar version (e.g., setting ccoommppaatt3322 means that quoting the rhs of the - regexp matching operator quotes special regexp characters in the word, + This section does not mention behavior that is standard for a particu- + lar version (e.g., setting ccoommppaatt3322 means that quoting the rhs of the + regexp matching operator quotes special regexp characters in the word, which is default behavior in bash-3.2 and above). - If a user enables, say, ccoommppaatt3322, it may affect the behavior of other - compatibility levels up to and including the current compatibility - level. The idea is that each compatibility level controls behavior - that changed in that version of bbaasshh, but that behavior may have been - present in earlier versions. For instance, the change to use locale- - based comparisons with the [[[[ command came in bash-4.1, and earlier + If a user enables, say, ccoommppaatt3322, it may affect the behavior of other + compatibility levels up to and including the current compatibility + level. The idea is that each compatibility level controls behavior + that changed in that version of bbaasshh, but that behavior may have been + present in earlier versions. For instance, the change to use locale- + based comparisons with the [[[[ command came in bash-4.1, and earlier versions used ASCII-based comparisons, so enabling ccoommppaatt3322 will enable - ASCII-based comparisons as well. That granularity may not be suffi- - cient for all uses, and as a result users should employ compatibility - levels carefully. Read the documentation for a particular feature to + ASCII-based comparisons as well. That granularity may not be suffi- + cient for all uses, and as a result users should employ compatibility + levels carefully. Read the documentation for a particular feature to find out the current behavior. - Bash-4.3 introduced a new shell variable: BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT. The value as- + Bash-4.3 introduced a new shell variable: BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT. The value as- signed to this variable (a decimal version number like 4.2, or an inte- - ger corresponding to the ccoommppaatt_N_N option, like 42) determines the com- + ger corresponding to the ccoommppaatt_N_N option, like 42) determines the com- patibility level. - Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has begun deprecating older compatibility - levels. Eventually, the options will be removed in favor of BBAASSHH__CCOOMM-- + Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has begun deprecating older compatibility + levels. Eventually, the options will be removed in favor of BBAASSHH__CCOOMM-- PPAATT. - Bash-5.0 is the final version for which there will be an individual - shopt option for the previous version. Users should use BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT on + Bash-5.0 is the final version for which there will be an individual + shopt option for the previous version. Users should use BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT on bash-5.0 and later versions. - The following table describes the behavior changes controlled by each + The following table describes the behavior changes controlled by each compatibility level setting. The ccoommppaatt_N_N tag is used as shorthand for setting the compatibility level to _N_N using one of the following mecha- - nisms. For versions prior to bash-5.0, the compatibility level may be - set using the corresponding ccoommppaatt_N_N shopt option. For bash-4.3 and - later versions, the BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT variable is preferred, and it is re- + nisms. For versions prior to bash-5.0, the compatibility level may be + set using the corresponding ccoommppaatt_N_N shopt option. For bash-4.3 and + later versions, the BBAASSHH__CCOOMMPPAATT variable is preferred, and it is re- quired for bash-5.1 and later versions. ccoommppaatt3311 @@ -1927,75 +1930,80 @@ SSHHEELLLL CCOOMMPPAATTIIBBIILLIITTYY MMOODDEE ator (=~) has no special effect ccoommppaatt3322 - +o interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes - the execution of the next command in the list (in - bash-4.0 and later versions, the shell acts as if it re- - ceived the interrupt, so interrupting one command in a + +o interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes + the execution of the next command in the list (in + bash-4.0 and later versions, the shell acts as if it re- + ceived the interrupt, so interrupting one command in a list aborts the execution of the entire list) ccoommppaatt4400 - +o the << and >> operators to the [[[[ command do not consider + +o the << and >> operators to the [[[[ command do not consider the current locale when comparing strings; they use ASCII ordering. Bash versions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII col- - lation and _s_t_r_c_m_p(3); bash-4.1 and later use the current + lation and _s_t_r_c_m_p(3); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale's collation sequence and _s_t_r_c_o_l_l(3). ccoommppaatt4411 - +o in _p_o_s_i_x mode, ttiimmee may be followed by options and still + +o in _p_o_s_i_x mode, ttiimmee may be followed by options and still be recognized as a reserved word (this is POSIX interpre- tation 267) +o in _p_o_s_i_x mode, the parser requires that an even number of - single quotes occur in the _w_o_r_d portion of a double- - quoted parameter expansion and treats them specially, so - that characters within the single quotes are considered + single quotes occur in the _w_o_r_d portion of a double- + quoted parameter expansion and treats them specially, so + that characters within the single quotes are considered quoted (this is POSIX interpretation 221) ccoommppaatt4422 +o the replacement string in double-quoted pattern substitu- - tion does not undergo quote removal, as it does in ver- + tion does not undergo quote removal, as it does in ver- sions after bash-4.2 - +o in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when - expanding the _w_o_r_d portion of a double-quoted parameter - expansion and can be used to quote a closing brace or - other special character (this is part of POSIX interpre- - tation 221); in later versions, single quotes are not + +o in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when + expanding the _w_o_r_d portion of a double-quoted parameter + expansion and can be used to quote a closing brace or + other special character (this is part of POSIX interpre- + tation 221); in later versions, single quotes are not special within double-quoted word expansions ccoommppaatt4433 - +o the shell does not print a warning message if an attempt - is made to use a quoted compound assignment as an argu- - ment to declare (declare -a foo='(1 2)'). Later versions + +o the shell does not print a warning message if an attempt + is made to use a quoted compound assignment as an argu- + ment to declare (declare -a foo='(1 2)'). Later versions warn that this usage is deprecated - +o word expansion errors are considered non-fatal errors - that cause the current command to fail, even in posix - mode (the default behavior is to make them fatal errors + +o word expansion errors are considered non-fatal errors + that cause the current command to fail, even in posix + mode (the default behavior is to make them fatal errors that cause the shell to exit) - +o when executing a shell function, the loop state + +o when executing a shell function, the loop state (while/until/etc.) is not reset, so bbrreeaakk or ccoonnttiinnuuee in that function will break or continue loops in the calling - context. Bash-4.4 and later reset the loop state to pre- + context. Bash-4.4 and later reset the loop state to pre- vent this ccoommppaatt4444 - +o the shell sets up the values used by BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV and - BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC so they can expand to the shell's positional + +o the shell sets up the values used by BBAASSHH__AARRGGVV and + BBAASSHH__AARRGGCC so they can expand to the shell's positional parameters even if extended debugging mode is not enabled - +o a subshell inherits loops from its parent context, so - bbrreeaakk or ccoonnttiinnuuee will cause the subshell to exit. - Bash-5.0 and later reset the loop state to prevent the + +o a subshell inherits loops from its parent context, so + bbrreeaakk or ccoonnttiinnuuee will cause the subshell to exit. + Bash-5.0 and later reset the loop state to prevent the exit - +o variable assignments preceding builtins like eexxppoorrtt and + +o variable assignments preceding builtins like eexxppoorrtt and rreeaaddoonnllyy that set attributes continue to affect variables with the same name in the calling environment even if the shell is not in posix mode ccoommppaatt5500 - +o Bash-5.1 changed the way $$RRAANNDDOOMM is generated to intro- + +o Bash-5.1 changed the way $$RRAANNDDOOMM is generated to intro- duce slightly more randomness. If the shell compatibility - level is set to 50 or lower, it reverts to the method - from bash-5.0 and previous versions, so seeding the ran- - dom number generator by assigning a value to RRAANNDDOOMM will + level is set to 50 or lower, it reverts to the method + from bash-5.0 and previous versions, so seeding the ran- + dom number generator by assigning a value to RRAANNDDOOMM will produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0 + +o If the command hash table is empty, bash versions prior + to bash-5.1 printed an informational message to that ef- + fect, even when producing output that can be reused as + input. Bash-5.1 suppresses that message when the --ll op- + tion is supplied. SSEEEE AALLSSOO bash(1), sh(1) diff --git a/doc/builtins.ps b/doc/builtins.ps index a90122d1..636029bc 100644 --- a/doc/builtins.ps +++ b/doc/builtins.ps @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.22.4 -%%CreationDate: Wed Jun 10 12:00:37 2020 +%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 7 09:52:16 2020 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%+ font Times-Italic @@ -1584,286 +1584,287 @@ C(hen)-5.652 E F2(local)3.152 E F0 .652 (d: shell options changed us-).1 F 1.17(ing the)144 544.8 R F2(set)3.67 E F0 -.2(bu)3.67 G 1.171 (iltin inside the function are restored to their original v).2 F 1.171 -(alues when the function re-)-.25 F 2.888(turns. W)144 556.8 R .388 -(ith no operands,)-.4 F F2(local)2.888 E F0 .388 -(writes a list of local v)2.888 F .388(ariables to the standard output.) --.25 F .387(It is an error)5.387 F .332(to use)144 568.8 R F2(local) -2.832 E F0 .332(when not within a function.)2.832 F .332 -(The return status is 0 unless)5.332 F F2(local)2.832 E F0 .332 -(is used outside a func-)2.832 F(tion, an in)144 580.8 Q -.25(va)-.4 G -(lid).25 E F1(name)2.86 E F0(is supplied, or)2.68 E F1(name)2.5 E F0 -(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F2(logout)108 597.6 Q F0 -(Exit a login shell.)144 597.6 Q F2(map\214le)108 614.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 +(alues when the function re-)-.25 F 3.381(turns. The)144 556.8 R .881 +(restore is ef)3.381 F .881(fected as if a series of)-.25 F F2(set)3.381 +E F0 .88(commands were e)3.38 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .88 +(cuted to restore the v).15 F(alues)-.25 E .787 +(that were in place before the function.)144 568.8 R -.4(Wi)5.788 G .788 +(th no operands,).4 F F2(local)3.288 E F0 .788(writes a list of local v) +3.288 F .788(ariables to)-.25 F .655(the standard output.)144 580.8 R +.654(It is an error to use)5.655 F F2(local)3.154 E F0 .654 +(when not within a function.)3.154 F .654(The return status is 0)5.654 F +(unless)144 592.8 Q F2(local)2.5 E F0(is used outside a function, an in) +2.5 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E F1(name)2.86 E F0(is supplied, or)2.68 E +F1(name)2.5 E F0(is a readonly v)2.5 E(ariable.)-.25 E F2(logout)108 +609.6 Q F0(Exit a login shell.)144 609.6 Q F2(map\214le)108 626.4 Q F0 +([)2.5 E F2<ad64>A F1(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad6e>-2.5 E F1(count) +2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad4f>-2.5 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad73> +-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75> +-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43>-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E +F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E +(ay)-.15 E F0(])A F2 -.18(re)108 638.4 S(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E F2 <ad64>A F1(delim)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad6e>-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5 (][)C F2<ad4f>-2.5 E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad73>-2.5 E F1 (count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1 (fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad43>-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][) C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(])A F2 -.18(re)108 626.4 S(adarray).18 E F0([)2.5 E F2<ad64>A F1(delim) -2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad6e>-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad4f>-2.5 -E F1(origin)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad73>-2.5 E F1(count)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C -F2<ad74>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad75>-2.5 E F1(fd)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 -<ad43>-2.5 E F1(callbac)2.5 E(k)-.2 E F0 2.5(][)C F2<ad63>-2.5 E F1 -(quantum)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F1(arr)-2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0(])A .159 -(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 638.4 R -.15(xe) --.15 G 2.659(da).15 G .159(rray v)-2.659 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(arr)2.989 E -(ay)-.15 E F0 2.659(,o).32 G 2.658(rf)-2.659 G .158 -(rom \214le descriptor)-2.658 F F1(fd)4.628 E F0 1.248(if the)144 650.4 -R F2<ad75>3.748 E F0 1.248(option is supplied.)3.748 F 1.249(The v)6.249 +(])A .158(Read lines from the standard input into the inde)144 650.4 R +-.15(xe)-.15 G 2.659(da).15 G .159(rray v)-2.659 F(ariable)-.25 E F1 +(arr)2.989 E(ay)-.15 E F0 2.659(,o).32 G 2.659(rf)-2.659 G .159 +(rom \214le descriptor)-2.659 F F1(fd)4.629 E F0 1.249(if the)144 662.4 +R F2<ad75>3.749 E F0 1.249(option is supplied.)3.749 F 1.249(The v)6.249 F(ariable)-.25 E F3(MAPFILE)3.749 E F0 1.249(is the def)3.499 F(ault)-.1 -E F1(arr)3.749 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.249(.O)C 1.249(ptions, if supplied,) --6.249 F(ha)144 662.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad64>144 674.4 Q F0 .911 -(The \214rst character of)180 674.4 R F1(delim)3.411 E F0 .911 -(is used to terminate each input line, rather than ne)3.411 F 3.41 -(wline. If)-.25 F F1(delim)180 686.4 Q F0(is the empty string,)2.5 E F2 +E F1(arr)3.748 E(ay)-.15 E F0 6.248(.O)C 1.248(ptions, if supplied,) +-6.248 F(ha)144 674.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad64>144 686.4 Q F0 .91 +(The \214rst character of)180 686.4 R F1(delim)3.41 E F0 .911 +(is used to terminate each input line, rather than ne)3.41 F 3.411 +(wline. If)-.25 F F1(delim)180 698.4 Q F0(is the empty string,)2.5 E F2 (map\214le)2.5 E F0(will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character) -2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2<ad6e>144 698.4 Q F0(Cop)180 698.4 Q 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5 +2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2<ad6e>144 710.4 Q F0(Cop)180 710.4 Q 2.5(ya)-.1 G 2.5 (tm)-2.5 G(ost)-2.5 E F1(count)2.7 E F0 2.5(lines. If)3.18 F F1(count) -2.5 E F0(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E F2<ad4f>144 710.4 Q F0(Be)180 -710.4 Q(gin assigning to)-.15 E F1(arr)2.83 E(ay)-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 -E(x)-.15 E F1(origin)2.73 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def)-5 E(ault inde)-.1 E -2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20) -149.565 E(11)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +2.5 E F0(is 0, all lines are copied.)2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q +(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(11)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 12 12 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad73>144 84 Q F0 -(Discard the \214rst)180 84 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(count)2.5 E F0 -(lines read.)2.5 E F1<ad74>144 96 Q F0(Remo)180 96 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 -H(railing).15 E F2(delim)2.5 E F0(\(def)2.5 E(ault ne)-.1 E -(wline\) from each line read.)-.25 E F1<ad75>144 108 Q F0 -(Read lines from \214le descriptor)180 108 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 -(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F1<ad43>144 120 Q F0(Ev)180 120 Q -(aluate)-.25 E F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E F2(quantum) -2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 E F0 -(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.75 E F0(.).32 E F1<ad63>144 132 Q -F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)180 132 Q F2 -(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 148.8 Q F1<ad43>2.967 E F0 .467 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad4f>144 84 Q F0(Be) +180 84 Q(gin assigning to)-.15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(arr)2.83 E(ay) +-.15 E F0(at inde)2.82 E(x)-.15 E F2(origin)2.73 E F0 5(.T).24 G(he def) +-5 E(ault inde)-.1 E 2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(s0)-2.5 G(.)-2.5 E F1<ad73>144 96 +Q F0(Discard the \214rst)180 96 Q F2(count)2.5 E F0(lines read.)2.5 E F1 +<ad74>144 108 Q F0(Remo)180 108 Q .3 -.15(ve a t)-.15 H(railing).15 E F2 +(delim)2.5 E F0(\(def)2.5 E(ault ne)-.1 E(wline\) from each line read.) +-.25 E F1<ad75>144 120 Q F0(Read lines from \214le descriptor)180 120 Q +F2(fd)2.5 E F0(instead of the standard input.)2.5 E F1<ad43>144 132 Q F0 +(Ev)180 132 Q(aluate)-.25 E F2(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(each time)3.17 E +F2(quantum)2.5 E F0(lines are read.)2.5 E(The)5 E F1<ad63>2.5 E F0 +(option speci\214es)2.5 E F2(quantum)2.75 E F0(.).32 E F1<ad63>144 144 Q +F0(Specify the number of lines read between each call to)180 144 Q F2 +(callbac)2.7 E(k)-.2 E F0(.).67 E(If)144 160.8 Q F1<ad43>2.968 E F0 .467 (is speci\214ed without)2.967 F F1<ad63>2.967 E F0 2.967(,t)C .467 (he def)-2.967 F .467(ault quantum is 5000.)-.1 F(When)5.467 E F2 (callbac)2.967 E(k)-.2 E F0 .467(is e)2.967 F -.25(va)-.25 G .467 -(luated, it is sup-).25 F .262(plied the inde)144 160.8 R 2.762(xo)-.15 -G 2.762(ft)-2.762 G .262(he ne)-2.762 F .261(xt array element to be ass\ -igned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .274 -(as additional ar)144 172.8 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.274 E(k)-.2 E -F0 .274(is e)2.774 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274 -(luated after the line is read b).25 F .275 -(ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 184.8 Q -(If not supplied with an e)144 201.6 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F1 +(luated, it is sup-).25 F .261(plied the inde)144 172.8 R 2.761(xo)-.15 +G 2.761(ft)-2.761 G .261(he ne)-2.761 F .262(xt array element to be ass\ +igned and the line to be assigned to that element)-.15 F .275 +(as additional ar)144 184.8 R(guments.)-.18 E F2(callbac)5.275 E(k)-.2 E +F0 .275(is e)2.775 F -.25(va)-.25 G .274 +(luated after the line is read b).25 F .274 +(ut before the array element is)-.2 F(assigned.)144 196.8 Q +(If not supplied with an e)144 213.6 Q(xplicit origin,)-.15 E F1 (map\214le)2.5 E F0(will clear)2.5 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 -(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 218.4 Q F0 .797 -(returns successfully unless an in)3.298 F -.25(va)-.4 G .797 +(before assigning to it.)2.5 E F1(map\214le)144 230.4 Q F0 .797 +(returns successfully unless an in)3.297 F -.25(va)-.4 G .797 (lid option or option ar).25 F .797(gument is supplied,)-.18 F F2(arr) -3.297 E(ay)-.15 E F0 .797(is in-)3.297 F -.25(va)144 230.4 S +3.297 E(ay)-.15 E F0 .798(is in-)3.298 F -.25(va)144 242.4 S (lid or unassignable, or if).25 E F2(arr)2.5 E(ay)-.15 E F0 (is not an inde)2.5 E -.15(xe)-.15 G 2.5(da).15 G(rray)-2.5 E(.)-.65 E -F1(popd)108 247.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 259.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799 -(se).15 G .299(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.799 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G -.299(th no ar).4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 -G .3(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.479(stack, and performs a)144 -271.2 R F1(cd)3.979 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.979 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479 -(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.478 -(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.778 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.478(he follo).15 -F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 283.2 Q F1<ad6e>144 295.2 Q F0 .551 -(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)180 295.2 R .551 +F1(popd)108 259.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A(Remo)144 271.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.8(se) +.15 G .3(ntries from the directory stack.)-2.8 F -.4(Wi)5.299 G .299 +(th no ar).4 F .299(guments, remo)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.799(st).15 G +.299(he top directory from the)-2.799 F 1.478(stack, and performs a)144 +283.2 R F1(cd)3.978 E F0 1.479(to the ne)3.978 F 3.979(wt)-.25 G 1.479 +(op directory)-3.979 F 6.479(.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.479 G 1.479 +(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.779 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.479(he follo).15 +F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 295.2 Q F1<ad6e>144 307.2 Q F0 .551 +(Suppresses the normal change of directory when remo)180 307.2 R .551 (ving directories from the stack, so)-.15 F -(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 307.2 Q F1(+)144 319.2 Q F2(n)A -F0(Remo)180 319.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F2(n)2.64 E +(that only the stack is manipulated.)180 319.2 Q F1(+)144 331.2 Q F2(n)A +F0(Remo)180 331.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.64(st).15 G(he)-2.64 E F2(n)2.64 E F0 .14(th entry counting from the left of the list sho)B .14(wn by)-.25 F F1(dirs)2.64 E F0 2.64(,s)C .14(tarting with zero.)-2.64 F -.15(Fo)180 -331.2 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0 +343.2 S 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)-2.65 E/F3 10/Courier@0 SF(popd +0)2.5 E F0 (remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he \214rst directory)-2.5 E(,) --.65 E F3(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E F1<ad>144 343.2 Q F2(n)A F0 -(Remo)180 343.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.759(st).15 G(he)-3.759 E F2(n)3.759 E -F0 1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.26(wn by) --.25 F F1(dirs)3.76 E F0 3.76(,s)C 1.26(tarting with)-3.76 F 2.5 -(zero. F)180 355.2 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F3(popd -0)2.5 E F0 +-.65 E F3(popd +1)2.5 E F0(the second.)2.5 E F1<ad>144 355.2 Q F2(n)A F0 +(Remo)180 355.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.76(st).15 G(he)-3.76 E F2(n)3.76 E F0 +1.259(th entry counting from the right of the list sho)B 1.259(wn by) +-.25 F F1(dirs)3.759 E F0 3.759(,s)C 1.259(tarting with)-3.759 F 2.5 +(zero. F)180 367.2 R(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E F3(popd -0)2.5 E F0 (remo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(st).15 G(he last directory)-2.5 E(,)-.65 -E F3(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .644(If the)144 -372 R F1(popd)3.144 E F0 .644(command is successful, a)3.144 F F1(dirs) -3.143 E F0 .643(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.)3.143 -F F1(popd)5.643 E F0 .415(returns f)144 384 R .415(alse if an in)-.1 F +E F3(popd -1)2.5 E F0(the ne)2.5 E(xt to last.)-.15 E .643(If the)144 +384 R F1(popd)3.143 E F0 .643(command is successful, a)3.143 F F1(dirs) +3.143 E F0 .644(is performed as well, and the return status is 0.)3.143 +F F1(popd)5.644 E F0 .416(returns f)144 396 R .416(alse if an in)-.1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .415 -(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.916 -(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.916 E .416(xistent direc-)-.15 F -(tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 396 Q -(ails.)-.1 E F1(printf)108 412.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad76>A F2(var)2.5 E F0 -(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .358 -(Write the formatted)144 424.8 R F2(ar)2.858 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .358 -(to the standard output under the control of the)2.858 F F2(format)2.857 -E F0 5.357(.T)C(he)-5.357 E F1<ad76>2.857 E F0(op-)2.857 E .714 -(tion causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 436.8 R(ariable)-.25 +(lid option is encountered, the directory stack is empty).25 F 2.915 +(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-2.915 E .415(xistent direc-)-.15 F +(tory stack entry is speci\214ed, or the directory change f)144 408 Q +(ails.)-.1 E F1(printf)108 424.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad76>A F2(var)2.5 E F0 +(])A F2(format)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0(])A .357 +(Write the formatted)144 436.8 R F2(ar)2.857 E(guments)-.37 E F0 .357 +(to the standard output under the control of the)2.857 F F2(format)2.858 +E F0 5.358(.T)C(he)-5.358 E F1<ad76>2.858 E F0(op-)2.858 E .714 +(tion causes the output to be assigned to the v)144 448.8 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(var)3.214 E F0 .714(rather than being printed to the standard)3.214 -F(output.)144 448.8 Q(The)144 472.8 Q F2(format)3.018 E F0 .517(is a ch\ +F(output.)144 460.8 Q(The)144 484.8 Q F2(format)3.017 E F0 .517(is a ch\ aracter string which contains three types of objects: plain characters,\ - which are)3.018 F .704(simply copied to standard output, character esc\ -ape sequences, which are con)144 484.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .704 + which are)3.017 F .704(simply copied to standard output, character esc\ +ape sequences, which are con)144 496.8 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .703 (rted and copied to).15 F .036(the standard output, and format speci\ -\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 496.8 R .036 -(xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(ar)144 508.8 Q(gument)-.37 E F0 -5.531(.I)C 3.031(na)-5.531 G .531(ddition to the standard)-3.031 F F2 -(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F1(printf)3.032 -E F0 .532(interprets the follo)3.032 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 520.8 Q -(xtensions:)-.15 E F1(%b)144 532.8 Q F0(causes)180 532.8 Q F1(printf) -2.596 E F0 .096(to e)2.596 F .096 +\214cations, each of which causes printing of the ne)144 508.8 R .037 +(xt successi)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G F2(ar)144 520.8 Q(gument)-.37 E F0 +5.532(.I)C 3.032(na)-5.532 G .532(ddition to the standard)-3.032 F F2 +(printf)3.032 E F0 .532(\(1\) format speci\214cations,)B F1(printf)3.031 +E F0 .531(interprets the follo)3.031 F(w-)-.25 E(ing e)144 532.8 Q +(xtensions:)-.15 E F1(%b)144 544.8 Q F0(causes)180 544.8 Q F1(printf) +2.595 E F0 .096(to e)2.595 F .096 (xpand backslash escape sequences in the corresponding)-.15 F F2(ar) -2.596 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .095(in the)2.595 F(same w)180 544.8 Q(ay as) --.1 E F1(echo \255e)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%q)144 556.8 Q F0(causes)180 556.8 Q +2.596 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .096(in the)2.596 F(same w)180 556.8 Q(ay as) +-.1 E F1(echo \255e)2.5 E F0(.)A F1(%q)144 568.8 Q F0(causes)180 568.8 Q F1(printf)2.51 E F0 .01(to output the corresponding)2.51 F F2(ar)2.51 E (gument)-.37 E F0 .01(in a format that can be reused as shell)2.51 F -(input.)180 568.8 Q F1(%\()144 580.8 Q F2(datefmt)A F1(\)T)A F0(causes) -180 592.8 Q F1(printf)4.404 E F0 1.904 -(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.404 F F2(datefmt) -4.404 E F0 1.903(as a format)4.404 F .38(string for)180 604.8 R F2 +(input.)180 580.8 Q F1(%\()144 592.8 Q F2(datefmt)A F1(\)T)A F0(causes) +180 604.8 Q F1(printf)4.403 E F0 1.904 +(to output the date-time string resulting from using)4.403 F F2(datefmt) +4.404 E F0 1.904(as a format)4.404 F .381(string for)180 616.8 R F2 (strftime)2.881 E F0 2.881(\(3\). The)B(corresponding)2.881 E F2(ar) 2.881 E(gument)-.37 E F0 .381(is an inte)2.881 F .381 -(ger representing the number)-.15 F .293(of seconds since the epoch.)180 -616.8 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.293 H .293(special ar)3.593 F .293(gument v)-.18 F -.293(alues may be used: \2551 represents the)-.25 F .693 -(current time, and \2552 represents the time the shell w)180 628.8 R -.693(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.194(d. If).1 F .694(no ar) -3.194 F .694(gument is speci-)-.18 F .21(\214ed, con)180 640.8 R -.15 +(ger representing the number)-.15 F .292(of seconds since the epoch.)180 +628.8 R -1 -.8(Tw o)5.293 H .293(special ar)3.593 F .293(gument v)-.18 F +.293(alues may be used: \2551 represents the)-.25 F .694 +(current time, and \2552 represents the time the shell w)180 640.8 R +.693(as in)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.193(d. If).1 F .693(no ar) +3.193 F .693(gument is speci-)-.18 F .21(\214ed, con)180 652.8 R -.15 (ve)-.4 G .21(rsion beha).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.71(sa).15 G 2.71(si)-2.71 G 2.71<66ad>-2.71 G 2.71(1h)-2.71 G .21(ad been gi)-2.71 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.71(n. This).15 F .21(is an e)2.71 F .21(xception to the usual)-.15 F -F1(printf)2.71 E F0(beha)180 652.8 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .901 -(The %b, %q, and %T directi)144 669.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.401(sa).15 G -.901(ll use the \214eld width and precision ar)-3.401 F .902 -(guments from the format)-.18 F .358(speci\214cation and write that man) -144 681.6 R 2.858(yb)-.15 G .357 -(ytes from \(or use that wide a \214eld for\) the e)-2.858 F .357 +F1(printf)2.71 E F0(beha)180 664.8 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .902 +(The %b, %q, and %T directi)144 681.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.401(sa).15 G +.901(ll use the \214eld width and precision ar)-3.401 F .901 +(guments from the format)-.18 F .357(speci\214cation and write that man) +144 693.6 R 2.857(yb)-.15 G .358 +(ytes from \(or use that wide a \214eld for\) the e)-2.857 F .358 (xpanded ar)-.15 F(gument,)-.18 E -(which usually contains more characters than the original.)144 693.6 Q -(Ar)144 710.4 Q .463(guments to non-string format speci\214ers are trea\ -ted as C constants, e)-.18 F .464(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F -1.259(minus sign is allo)144 722.4 R 1.259 -(wed, and if the leading character is a single or double quote, the v) --.25 F 1.258(alue is the)-.25 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20) -149.565 E(12)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +(which usually contains more characters than the original.)144 705.6 Q +(Ar)144 722.4 Q .464(guments to non-string format speci\214ers are trea\ +ted as C constants, e)-.18 F .463(xcept that a leading plus or)-.15 F +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(12)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 13 13 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(ASCII v)144 84 Q(alue of the follo)-.25 E -(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 100.8 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(format)2.514 E F0 .015(is reused as necessary to consume all of the) -2.514 F F1(ar)2.515 E(guments)-.37 E F0 5.015(.I)C 2.515(ft)-5.015 G(he) --2.515 E F1(format)2.515 E F0 .015(requires more)2.515 F F1(ar)2.515 E -(-)-.2 E(guments)144 112.8 Q F0 .566(than are supplied, the e)3.066 F +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 1.258(minus sign is allo)144 84 R 1.259 +(wed, and if the leading character is a single or double quote, the v) +-.25 F 1.259(alue is the)-.25 F(ASCII v)144 96 Q(alue of the follo)-.25 +E(wing character)-.25 E(.)-.55 E(The)144 112.8 Q/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF +(format)2.515 E F0 .015(is reused as necessary to consume all of the) +2.515 F F1(ar)2.515 E(guments)-.37 E F0 5.015(.I)C 2.514(ft)-5.015 G(he) +-2.514 E F1(format)2.514 E F0 .014(requires more)2.514 F F1(ar)2.514 E +(-)-.2 E(guments)144 124.8 Q F0 .565(than are supplied, the e)3.065 F .566(xtra format speci\214cations beha)-.15 F .866 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.066 -(si).15 G 3.065(faz)-3.066 G .565(ero v)-3.065 F .565 +(si).15 G 3.066(faz)-3.066 G .566(ero v)-3.066 F .566 (alue or null string,)-.25 F(as appropriate, had been supplied.)144 -124.8 Q(The return v)5 E(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E -(ailure.)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pushd)108 141.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 +136.8 Q(The return v)5 E(alue is zero on success, non-zero on f)-.25 E +(ailure.)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(pushd)108 153.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2 <ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C(+)-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0(])A -F2(pushd)108 153.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C F1(dir)-2.5 E F0 -(])A .639(Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotate\ -s the stack, making the ne)144 165.6 R 3.14(wt)-.25 G .64(op of the) --3.14 F .417(stack the current w)144 177.6 R .416(orking directory)-.1 F -5.416(.W)-.65 G .416(ith no ar)-5.816 F(guments,)-.18 E F2(pushd)2.916 E -F0 -.15(ex)2.916 G .416(changes the top tw).15 F 2.916(od)-.1 G -(irectories)-2.916 E 1.625 -(and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 189.6 R 6.625 +F2(pushd)108 165.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2<ad6e>A F0 2.5(][)C F1(dir)-2.5 E F0 +(])A .64(Adds a directory to the top of the directory stack, or rotates\ + the stack, making the ne)144 177.6 R 3.139(wt)-.25 G .639(op of the) +-3.139 F .416(stack the current w)144 189.6 R .416(orking directory)-.1 +F 5.416(.W)-.65 G .416(ith no ar)-5.816 F(guments,)-.18 E F2(pushd)2.916 +E F0 -.15(ex)2.916 G .416(changes the top tw).15 F 2.917(od)-.1 G +(irectories)-2.917 E 1.625 +(and returns 0, unless the directory stack is empty)144 201.6 R 6.625 (.A)-.65 G -.18(rg)-6.625 G 1.625(uments, if supplied, ha).18 F 1.925 --.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.625(he follo).15 F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 201.6 Q -F2<ad6e>144 213.6 Q F0 1.811(Suppresses the normal change of directory \ -when rotating or adding directories to the)180 213.6 R -(stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.)180 225.6 Q F2(+)144 -237.6 Q F1(n)A F0 1.267(Rotates the stack so that the)180 237.6 R F1(n) -3.767 E F0 1.268(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B -1.268(wn by)-.25 F F2(dirs)180 249.6 Q F0 2.5(,s)C -(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F2<ad>144 261.6 Q F1(n)A F0 -.92(Rotates the stack so that the)180 261.6 R F1(n)3.42 E F0 .92 +-.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.625(he follo).15 F(wing)-.25 E(meanings:)144 213.6 Q +F2<ad6e>144 225.6 Q F0 1.811(Suppresses the normal change of directory \ +when rotating or adding directories to the)180 225.6 R +(stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.)180 237.6 Q F2(+)144 +249.6 Q F1(n)A F0 1.268(Rotates the stack so that the)180 249.6 R F1(n) +3.768 E F0 1.267(th directory \(counting from the left of the list sho)B +1.267(wn by)-.25 F F2(dirs)180 261.6 Q F0 2.5(,s)C +(tarting with zero\) is at the top.)-2.5 E F2<ad>144 273.6 Q F1(n)A F0 +.92(Rotates the stack so that the)180 273.6 R F1(n)3.42 E F0 .92 (th directory \(counting from the right of the list sho)B .92(wn by)-.25 -F F2(dirs)180 273.6 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.) --2.5 E F1(dir)144.35 285.6 Q F0(Adds)180 285.6 Q F1(dir)3.137 E F0 .287 -(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.517 F 2.788(wc) --.25 G .288(urrent w)-2.788 F .288(orking directory as)-.1 F -(if it had been supplied as the ar)180 297.6 Q(gument to the)-.18 E F2 -(cd)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .489(If the)144 314.4 R F2(pushd) -2.989 E F0 .489(command is successful, a)2.989 F F2(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488 -(is performed as well.)2.988 F .488(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F -F2(pushd)2.988 E F0 1.039(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 326.4 R F1(dir) -3.889 E F0 -.1(fa)4.269 G 3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,) --.4 F F2(pushd)3.54 E F0 1.04(returns 0 unless the directory)3.54 F .847 -(stack is empty)144 338.4 R 3.347(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.347 E .847(xistent\ +F F2(dirs)180 285.6 Q F0 2.5(,s)C(tarting with zero\) is at the top.) +-2.5 E F1(dir)144.35 297.6 Q F0(Adds)180 297.6 Q F1(dir)3.138 E F0 .288 +(to the directory stack at the top, making it the ne)3.518 F 2.787(wc) +-.25 G .287(urrent w)-2.787 F .287(orking directory as)-.1 F +(if it had been supplied as the ar)180 309.6 Q(gument to the)-.18 E F2 +(cd)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .488(If the)144 326.4 R F2(pushd) +2.988 E F0 .488(command is successful, a)2.988 F F2(dirs)2.988 E F0 .488 +(is performed as well.)2.988 F .489(If the \214rst form is used,)5.488 F +F2(pushd)2.989 E F0 1.04(returns 0 unless the cd to)144 338.4 R F1(dir) +3.89 E F0 -.1(fa)4.27 G 3.539(ils. W).1 F 1.039(ith the second form,)-.4 +F F2(pushd)3.539 E F0 1.039(returns 0 unless the directory)3.539 F .846 +(stack is empty)144 350.4 R 3.346(,an)-.65 G(on-e)-3.346 E .847(xistent\ directory stack element is speci\214ed, or the directory change to the) --.15 F(speci\214ed ne)144 350.4 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 -E(ails.)-.1 E F2(pwd)108 367.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255LP)A F0(])A .844 -(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 379.2 R .845 -(orking directory)-.1 F 5.845(.T)-.65 G .845 -(he pathname printed contains no)-5.845 F .182(symbolic links if the)144 -391.2 R F2<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F2 +-.15 F(speci\214ed ne)144 362.4 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G(urrent directory f)-2.5 +E(ails.)-.1 E F2(pwd)108 379.2 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(\255LP)A F0(])A .845 +(Print the absolute pathname of the current w)144 391.2 R .845 +(orking directory)-.1 F 5.844(.T)-.65 G .844 +(he pathname printed contains no)-5.844 F .181(symbolic links if the)144 +403.2 R F2<ad50>2.681 E F0 .181(option is supplied or the)2.681 F F2 .181(\255o ph)2.681 F(ysical)-.15 E F0 .181(option to the)2.681 F F2 -(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .181(iltin command is).2 F 3.263 -(enabled. If)144 403.2 R(the)3.263 E F2<ad4c>3.263 E F0 .763 -(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.263 -F .764(The return)5.764 F .405(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ - reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 415.2 R -.25(va) --.4 G .405(lid op-).25 F(tion is supplied.)144 427.2 Q F2 -.18(re)108 -444 S(ad).18 E F0([)3.816 E F2(\255ers)A F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad61>-3.816 E -F1(aname)3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad64>-3.816 E F1(delim)3.816 E F0 -3.816(][)C F2<ad69>-3.816 E F1(te)3.816 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.816(][)C F2 -<ad6e>-3.816 E F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad4e> --3.817 E F1(nc)3.817 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad70>-3.817 E -F1(pr)3.817 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad74>-3.817 E F1(timeout) -3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad75>-3.817 E F1(fd)3.817 E F0(])A([)108 456 Q +(set)2.681 E F0 -.2(bu)2.681 G .182(iltin command is).2 F 3.264 +(enabled. If)144 415.2 R(the)3.264 E F2<ad4c>3.264 E F0 .763 +(option is used, the pathname printed may contain symbolic links.)3.264 +F .763(The return)5.763 F .405(status is 0 unless an error occurs while\ + reading the name of the current directory or an in)144 427.2 R -.25(va) +-.4 G .405(lid op-).25 F(tion is supplied.)144 439.2 Q F2 -.18(re)108 +456 S(ad).18 E F0([)3.817 E F2(\255ers)A F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad61>-3.817 E +F1(aname)3.817 E F0 3.817(][)C F2<ad64>-3.817 E F1(delim)3.817 E F0 +3.817(][)C F2<ad69>-3.817 E F1(te)3.817 E(xt)-.2 E F0 3.817(][)C F2 +<ad6e>-3.817 E F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad4e> +-3.816 E F1(nc)3.816 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad70>-3.816 E +F1(pr)3.816 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad74>-3.816 E F1(timeout) +3.816 E F0 3.816(][)C F2<ad75>-3.816 E F1(fd)3.816 E F0(])A([)108 468 Q F1(name)A F0(...])2.5 E .516(One line is read from the standard input, \ -or from the \214le descriptor)144 468 R F1(fd)3.016 E F0 .516 -(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .516(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 480 Q F2<ad75> -2.935 E F0 .435(option, split into w)2.935 F .435(ords as described abo) +or from the \214le descriptor)144 480 R F1(fd)3.016 E F0 .516 +(supplied as an ar)3.016 F .517(gument to)-.18 F(the)144 492 Q F2<ad75> +2.936 E F0 .436(option, split into w)2.936 F .435(ords as described abo) -.1 F .735 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 -.75(Wo)2.935 G .435 -(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.935(,a)C .436(nd the \214rst w)-2.935 F .436 -(ord is as-)-.1 F .376(signed to the \214rst)144 492 R F1(name)3.236 E +(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.935(,a)C .435(nd the \214rst w)-2.935 F .435 +(ord is as-)-.1 F .375(signed to the \214rst)144 504 R F1(name)3.235 E F0 2.876(,t).18 G .376(he second w)-2.876 F .376(ord to the second)-.1 F -F1(name)3.236 E F0 2.876(,a).18 G .376(nd so on.)-2.876 F .375 -(If there are more w)5.376 F(ords)-.1 E .236 -(than names, the remaining w)144 504 R .237(ords and their interv)-.1 F -.237(ening delimiters are assigned to the last)-.15 F F1(name)3.097 E F0 -5.237(.I).18 G(f)-5.237 E .875(there are fe)144 516 R .875(wer w)-.25 F +F1(name)3.236 E F0 2.876(,a).18 G .376(nd so on.)-2.876 F .376 +(If there are more w)5.376 F(ords)-.1 E .237 +(than names, the remaining w)144 516 R .237(ords and their interv)-.1 F +.237(ening delimiters are assigned to the last)-.15 F F1(name)3.096 E F0 +5.236(.I).18 G(f)-5.236 E .874(there are fe)144 528 R .874(wer w)-.25 F .875(ords read from the input stream than names, the remaining names ar\ -e assigned)-.1 F .517(empty v)144 528 R 3.017(alues. The)-.25 F .517 -(characters in)3.017 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.017 E F0 .518 -(are used to split the line into w)2.767 F .518 -(ords using the same rules the)-.1 F .027(shell uses for e)144 540 R +e assigned)-.1 F .518(empty v)144 540 R 3.018(alues. The)-.25 F .518 +(characters in)3.018 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(IFS)3.018 E F0 .518 +(are used to split the line into w)2.768 F .517 +(ords using the same rules the)-.1 F .026(shell uses for e)144 552 R .026(xpansion \(described abo)-.15 F .326 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F2 -.75(Wo)2.526 G .026(rd Splitting).75 F F0 2.526(\). The)B .026 -(backslash character \()2.526 F F2(\\)A F0 2.526(\)m)C(ay)-2.526 E .488 -(be used to remo)144 552 R .788 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .788 -.15(ny s).15 H +(backslash character \()2.526 F F2(\\)A F0 2.527(\)m)C(ay)-2.527 E .489 +(be used to remo)144 564 R .788 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .788 -.15(ny s).15 H .488(pecial meaning for the ne).15 F .488 -(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F(Op-)5.489 E -(tions, if supplied, ha)144 564 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 576 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.026(The w) -180 588 R 1.026(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v) --.1 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(aname)3.855 E F0 3.525(,s).18 G 1.025 -(tarting at 0.)-3.525 F F1(aname)180.33 600 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 +(xt character read and for line continuation.)-.15 F(Op-)5.488 E +(tions, if supplied, ha)144 576 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F2<ad61>144 588 Q F1(aname)2.5 E F0 1.025(The w) +180 600 R 1.026(ords are assigned to sequential indices of the array v) +-.1 F(ariable)-.25 E F1(aname)3.856 E F0 3.526(,s).18 G 1.026 +(tarting at 0.)-3.526 F F1(aname)180.33 612 Q F0(is unset before an)2.68 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G .5 -.25(ew va)-2.5 H(lues are assigned.).25 E(Other)5 E -F1(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F2<ad64>144 612 Q -F1(delim)2.5 E F0 .28(The \214rst character of)180 624 R F1(delim)2.78 E -F0 .281(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.78 F 2.781 -(wline. If)-.25 F F1(de-)2.781 E(lim)180 636 Q F0(is the empty string,) -2.5 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 +F1(name)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E(guments are ignored.)-.18 E F2<ad64>144 624 Q +F1(delim)2.5 E F0 .281(The \214rst character of)180 636 R F1(delim)2.781 +E F0 .281(is used to terminate the input line, rather than ne)2.781 F +2.78(wline. If)-.25 F F1(de-)2.78 E(lim)180 648 Q F0 +(is the empty string,)2.5 E F2 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 (will terminate a line when it reads a NUL character)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F2 -<ad65>144 648 Q F0 .373 -(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 648 R F2 -.18(re) -2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.872 E F0(abo)2.622 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 2.872(\)i).15 G 2.872(su)-2.872 G(sed)-2.872 E .218 -(to obtain the line.)180 660 R .218(Readline uses the current \(or def) +<ad65>144 660 Q F0 .372 +(If the standard input is coming from a terminal,)180 660 R F2 -.18(re) +2.873 G(adline).18 E F0(\(see)2.873 E F3(READLINE)2.873 E F0(abo)2.623 E +-.15(ve)-.15 G 2.873(\)i).15 G 2.873(su)-2.873 G(sed)-2.873 E .218 +(to obtain the line.)180 672 R .218(Readline uses the current \(or def) 5.218 F .218(ault, if line editing w)-.1 F .218(as not pre)-.1 F -(viously)-.25 E(acti)180 672 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G +(viously)-.25 E(acti)180 684 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(\)e).15 G (diting settings, b)-2.5 E(ut uses Readline')-.2 E 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ef)-2.5 -E(ault \214lename completion.)-.1 E F2<ad69>144 684 Q F1(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 -E F0(If)180 684 Q F2 -.18(re)2.716 G(adline).18 E F0 .216 -(is being used to read the line,)2.716 F F1(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216 -(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .215(fer before edit-) --.25 F(ing be)180 696 Q(gins.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20) +E(ault \214lename completion.)-.1 E F2<ad69>144 696 Q F1(te)2.5 E(xt)-.2 +E F0(If)180 696 Q F2 -.18(re)2.715 G(adline).18 E F0 .216 +(is being used to read the line,)2.715 F F1(te)2.716 E(xt)-.2 E F0 .216 +(is placed into the editing b)2.716 F(uf)-.2 E .216(fer before edit-) +-.25 F(ing be)180 708 Q(gins.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20) 149.565 E(13)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 14 14 %%BeginPageSetup @@ -1873,52 +1874,52 @@ BP (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad6e>144 84 Q/F2 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 96 S(ad) -.18 E F0 .322(returns after reading)2.822 F F2(nc)2.823 E(har)-.15 E(s) +.18 E F0 .323(returns after reading)2.823 F F2(nc)2.823 E(har)-.15 E(s) -.1 E F0 .323(characters rather than w)2.823 F .323 (aiting for a complete line of in-)-.1 F(put, b)180 108 Q (ut honors a delimiter if fe)-.2 E(wer than)-.25 E F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0(characters are read before the delimiter)2.5 E(.)-.55 E F1 <ad4e>144 120 Q F2(nc)2.5 E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)180 132 S(ad) -.18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.77 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)3.769 -E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.269 -(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .274 +.18 E F0 1.269(returns after reading e)3.769 F(xactly)-.15 E F2(nc)3.769 +E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 1.269(characters rather than w)3.769 F 1.27 +(aiting for a complete)-.1 F .275 (line of input, unless EOF is encountered or)180 144 R F1 -.18(re)2.775 -G(ad).18 E F0 .275(times out.)2.775 F .275(Delimiter characters encoun-) -5.275 F 1.003 +G(ad).18 E F0 .274(times out.)2.774 F .274(Delimiter characters encoun-) +5.274 F 1.002 (tered in the input are not treated specially and do not cause)180 156 R -F1 -.18(re)3.502 G(ad).18 E F0 1.002(to return until)3.502 F F2(nc)3.502 -E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .608(characters are read.)180 168 R .608 -(The result is not split on the characters in)5.608 F F1(IFS)3.108 E F0 -3.108(;t)C .609(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 180 S .67 +F1 -.18(re)3.503 G(ad).18 E F0 1.003(to return until)3.503 F F2(nc)3.503 +E(har)-.15 E(s)-.1 E F0 .609(characters are read.)180 168 R .608 +(The result is not split on the characters in)5.609 F F1(IFS)3.108 E F0 +3.108(;t)C .608(he intent is that the)-3.108 F -.25(va)180 180 S .669 (riable is assigned e).25 F .669 -(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .669 +(xactly the characters read \(with the e)-.15 F .67 (xception of backslash; see the)-.15 F F1<ad72>180 192 Q F0(option belo) 2.5 E(w\).)-.25 E F1<ad70>144 204 Q F2(pr)2.5 E(ompt)-.45 E F0(Display) -180 216 Q F2(pr)3.66 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.66 F +180 216 Q F2(pr)3.661 E(ompt)-.45 E F0 1.161(on standard error)3.661 F 3.661(,w)-.4 G 1.161(ithout a trailing ne)-3.661 F 1.161 (wline, before attempting to read)-.25 F(an)180 228 Q 2.5(yi)-.15 G 2.5 (nput. The)-2.5 F (prompt is displayed only if input is coming from a terminal.)2.5 E F1 -<ad72>144 240 Q F0 .544(Backslash does not act as an escape character) -180 240 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .543(he backslash is considered to be part of) --5.543 F .492(the line.)180 252 R .492(In particular)5.492 F 2.992(,ab) --.4 G(ackslash-ne)-2.992 E .493 +<ad72>144 240 Q F0 .543(Backslash does not act as an escape character) +180 240 R 5.543(.T)-.55 G .544(he backslash is considered to be part of) +-5.543 F .493(the line.)180 252 R .493(In particular)5.493 F 2.993(,ab) +-.4 G(ackslash-ne)-2.993 E .493 (wline pair may not then be used as a line continua-)-.25 F(tion.)180 264 Q F1<ad73>144 276 Q F0(Silent mode.)180 276 Q (If input is coming from a terminal, characters are not echoed.)5 E F1 -<ad74>144 288 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 300 Q F1 -.18(re)2.929 G -(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.929 F .428 -(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .56 +<ad74>144 288 Q F2(timeout)2.5 E F0(Cause)180 300 Q F1 -.18(re)2.928 G +(ad).18 E F0 .428(to time out and return f)2.928 F .428 +(ailure if a complete line of input \(or a speci\214ed num-)-.1 F .561 (ber of characters\) is not read within)180 312 R F2(timeout)3.061 E F0 -(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .561(may be a decimal number) +(seconds.)3.061 E F2(timeout)5.561 E F0 .56(may be a decimal number) 3.061 F(with a fractional portion follo)180 324 Q (wing the decimal point.)-.25 E(This option is only ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve i)-.25 H(f).15 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad).18 E F0 .506(is readin\ g input from a terminal, pipe, or other special \214le; it has no ef)180 -336 R .506(fect when reading)-.25 F .59(from re)180 348 R .59 -(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.59 E F1 -.18(re)3.09 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 -(times out,)3.09 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve)-.2 -G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .589 +336 R .505(fect when reading)-.25 F .589(from re)180 348 R .589 +(gular \214les.)-.15 F(If)5.589 E F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0 .589 +(times out,)3.089 F F1 -.18(re)3.089 G(ad).18 E F0(sa)3.089 E -.15(ve) +-.2 G 3.089(sa).15 G .889 -.15(ny p)-3.089 H .59 (artial input read into the speci\214ed).15 F -.25(va)180 360 S(riable) .25 E F2(name)2.77 E F0 5.27(.I)C(f)-5.27 E F2(timeout)2.77 E F0 .27 (is 0,)2.77 F F1 -.18(re)2.77 G(ad).18 E F0 .27(returns immediately)2.77 @@ -1928,1380 +1929,1388 @@ F 2.77(,w)-.65 G .27(ithout trying to read an)-2.77 F 2.77(yd)-.15 G .25 F 3.62(,n)-.4 G 1.12(on-zero other)-3.62 F(-)-.2 E 2.5(wise. The)180 384 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(it status is greater than 128 if the timeout is e) .15 E(xceeded.)-.15 E F1<ad75>144 396 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0 -(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 396 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .476 -(If no)144 412.8 R F2(names)3.336 E F0 .476 -(are supplied, the line read is assigned to the v)3.246 F(ariable)-.25 E -/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)2.977 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A -F0 .477(The e)4.977 F .477(xit status is zero,)-.15 F .773 -(unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)144 424.8 R F1 -.18(re)3.273 G(ad) -.18 E F0 .772 -(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a)3.273 F --.25(va)144 436.8 S .852 -(riable assignment error \(such as assigning to a readonly v).25 F .853 -(ariable\) occurs, or an in)-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .853(lid \214le de-).25 -F(scriptor is supplied as the ar)144 448.8 Q(gument to)-.18 E F1<ad75> -2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 465.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAf)A -F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A -(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..])-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 477.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G -(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 .77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v) --.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77 -(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096(quent assignment.)144 489.6 R -1.096(If the)6.096 F F1<ad66>3.596 E F0 1.097 -(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2 -(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 501.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) +(Read input from \214le descriptor)180 396 Q F2(fd)2.5 E F0(.)A .522 +(If no)144 412.8 R F2(names)3.382 E F0 .522 +(are supplied, the line read, without the ending delimiter b)3.292 F +.522(ut otherwise unmodi\214ed, is)-.2 F 1.186(assigned to the v)144 +424.8 R(ariable)-.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(REPL)3.686 E(Y)-.828 E/F4 9 +/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 1.186(The e)5.686 F 1.186 +(xit status is zero, unless end-of-\214le is encountered,)-.15 F F1 -.18 +(re)3.687 G(ad).18 E F0 .961 +(times out \(in which case the status is greater than 128\), a v)144 +436.8 R .96(ariable assignment error \(such as as-)-.25 F .706 +(signing to a readonly v)144 448.8 R .706(ariable\) occurs, or an in) +-.25 F -.25(va)-.4 G .706(lid \214le descriptor is supplied as the ar) +.25 F .707(gument to)-.18 F F1<ad75>144 460.8 Q F0(.)A F1 -.18(re)108 +477.6 S(adonly).18 E F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aAf)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70>-2.5 E +F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0([=)A F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 2.5(].)C(..]) +-2.5 E .77(The gi)144 489.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E F2(names)3.27 E F0 +.77(are mark)3.27 F .77(ed readonly; the v)-.1 F .77(alues of these)-.25 +F F2(names)3.63 E F0 .77(may not be changed by subse-)3.54 F 1.096 +(quent assignment.)144 501.6 R 1.096(If the)6.096 F F1<ad66>3.596 E F0 +1.097(option is supplied, the functions corresponding to the)3.596 F F2 +(names)3.597 E F0 1.097(are so)3.597 F(mark)144 513.6 Q 3.334(ed. The) -.1 F F1<ad61>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F .834 (ariables to inde)-.25 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.334(da).15 G .834(rrays; the) -3.334 F F1<ad41>3.334 E F0 .834(option restricts the v)3.334 F(ari-) --.25 E .776(ables to associati)144 513.6 R 1.076 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.276 +-.25 E .776(ables to associati)144 525.6 R 1.076 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 3.276 (rrays. If).15 F .777(both options are supplied,)3.276 F F1<ad41>3.277 E F0(tak)3.277 E .777(es precedence.)-.1 F .777(If no)5.777 F F2(name) -3.637 E F0(ar)3.457 E(gu-)-.18 E .522(ments are gi)144 525.6 R -.15(ve) +3.637 E F0(ar)3.457 E(gu-)-.18 E .522(ments are gi)144 537.6 R -.15(ve) -.25 G .521(n, or if the).15 F F1<ad70>3.021 E F0 .521 (option is supplied, a list of all readonly names is printed.)3.021 F .521(The other)5.521 F .295(options may be used to restrict the output \ -to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 537.6 R(The)5.296 E F1 +to a subset of the set of readonly names.)144 549.6 R(The)5.296 E F1 <ad70>2.796 E F0(option)2.796 E .786 (causes output to be displayed in a format that may be reused as input.) -144 549.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .785(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 -561.6 Q .717(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) +144 561.6 R .786(If a v)5.786 F .785(ariable name is fol-)-.25 F(lo)144 +573.6 Q .717(wed by =)-.25 F F2(wor)A(d)-.37 E F0 3.218(,t)C .718(he v) -3.218 F .718(alue of the v)-.25 F .718(ariable is set to)-.25 F F2(wor) 3.218 E(d)-.37 E F0 5.718(.T)C .718(he return status is 0 unless an in) -5.718 F -.25(va)-.4 G(lid).25 E .26(option is encountered, one of the) -144 573.6 R F2(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v) +144 585.6 R F2(names)3.12 E F0 .26(is not a v)3.03 F .26(alid shell v) -.25 F .26(ariable name, or)-.25 F F1<ad66>2.76 E F0 .26 -(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 585.6 Q F0 -(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 602.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 -E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .02(Causes a function to stop e)144 614.4 R +(is supplied with a)2.76 F F2(name)144.36 597.6 Q F0 +(that is not a function.)2.68 E F1 -.18(re)108 614.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 +E F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0(])A .02(Causes a function to stop e)144 626.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuting and return the v).15 F .021 (alue speci\214ed by)-.25 F F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(to its caller)2.761 F 5.021(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.021 E F2(n)2.881 E F0 .021(is omitted,)2.761 F .597 -(the return status is that of the last command e)144 626.4 R -.15(xe) +(the return status is that of the last command e)144 638.4 R -.15(xe) -.15 G .596(cuted in the function body).15 F 5.596(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.596 E F1 -.18(re)3.096 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .596(is e)3.096 F -.15(xe)-.15 -G(cuted).15 E .267(by a trap handler)144 638.4 R 2.767(,t)-.4 G .267 +G(cuted).15 E .267(by a trap handler)144 650.4 R 2.767(,t)-.4 G .267 (he last command used to determine the status is the last command e) -2.767 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .268(cuted be-).15 F .02(fore the trap handler) -144 650.4 R 5.02(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F1 -.18(re)2.52 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 +144 662.4 R 5.02(.I)-.55 G(f)-5.02 E F1 -.18(re)2.52 G(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .02(is e)2.52 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .02(cuted during a).15 F F1(DEB)2.52 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .02(trap, the last command used to deter)2.52 F(-)-.2 E -.885(mine the status is the last command e)144 662.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.885(mine the status is the last command e)144 674.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .886(cuted by the trap handler before).15 F F1 -.18(re)3.386 G(tur).18 E (n)-.15 E F0 -.1(wa)3.386 G 3.386(si).1 G -1.9 -.4(nv o)-3.386 H -.1(ke) -.4 G 3.386(d. If).1 F F1 -.18(re)144 674.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .628 +.4 G 3.386(d. If).1 F F1 -.18(re)144 686.4 S(tur).18 E(n)-.15 E F0 .628 (is used outside a function, b)3.128 F .628(ut during e)-.2 F -.15(xe) -.15 G .628(cution of a script by the).15 F F1(.)3.127 E F0(\()5.627 E F1(sour)A(ce)-.18 E F0 3.127(\)c)C .627(ommand, it)-3.127 F .588 -(causes the shell to stop e)144 686.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .588 +(causes the shell to stop e)144 698.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .588 (cuting that script and return either).15 F F2(n)3.448 E F0 .589 (or the e)3.329 F .589(xit status of the last com-)-.15 F .326(mand e) -144 698.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .326(cuted within the script as the e).15 F +144 710.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .326(cuted within the script as the e).15 F .326(xit status of the script.)-.15 F(If)5.326 E F2(n)2.826 E F0 .325 -(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .325(alue is)-.25 F .444 -(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 710.4 R .444 -(The return status is non-zero if)5.444 F F1 -.18(re)2.945 G(tur).18 E -(n)-.15 E F0 .445(is supplied a non-numeric ar)2.945 F(gu-)-.18 E 1.683 -(ment, or is used outside a function and not during e)144 722.4 R -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.682(cution of a script by).15 F F1(.)4.182 E F0(or)5.015 E -F1(sour)4.182 E(ce)-.18 E F0 6.682(.A)C -.15(ny)-6.682 G(GNU Bash 5.0)72 -768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(14)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +(is supplied, the return v)2.826 F .325(alue is)-.25 F 2.035 +(its least signi\214cant 8 bits.)144 722.4 R 2.035 +(The return status is non-zero if)7.035 F F1 -.18(re)4.536 G(tur).18 E +(n)-.15 E F0 2.036(is supplied a non-numeric)4.536 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 +Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(14)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 15 15 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .365(command associated with the)144 84 R -/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(RETURN)2.865 E F0 .365(trap is e)2.865 F -.15(xe) --.15 G .365(cuted before e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .366 -(cution resumes after the func-).15 F(tion or script.)144 96 Q F1(set) -108 112.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1 -<ad6f>-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2 -(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1(set)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(ar)144 84 Q .706 +(gument, or is used outside a function and not during e)-.18 F -.15(xe) +-.15 G .705(cution of a script by).15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(.)3.205 E +F0(or)4.038 E F1(sour)3.205 E(ce)-.18 E F0 5.705(.A)C -.15(ny)-5.705 G +.365(command associated with the)144 96 R F1(RETURN)2.865 E F0 .365 +(trap is e)2.865 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .365(cuted before e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 +G .366(cution resumes after the func-).15 F(tion or script.)144 108 Q F1 +(set)108 124.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255\255abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C +F1<ad6f>-2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(option\255name)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C +F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E F1(set)108 136.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 (+abefhkmnptuvxBCEHPT)A F0 2.5(][)C F1(+o)-2.5 E F2(option\255name)2.5 E -F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 136.8 S .836 +F0 2.5(][)C F2(ar)-2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 148.8 S .836 (thout options, the name and v).4 F .835(alue of each shell v)-.25 F .835(ariable are displayed in a format that can be)-.25 F .784 -(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 148.8 +(reused as input for setting or resetting the currently-set v)144 160.8 R 3.284(ariables. Read-only)-.25 F -.25(va)3.284 G .784 -(riables cannot be).25 F 2.947(reset. In)144 160.8 R F2 .447(posix mode) +(riables cannot be).25 F 2.947(reset. In)144 172.8 R F2 .447(posix mode) 2.947 F F0 2.947(,o)C .447(nly shell v)-2.947 F .447 (ariables are listed.)-.25 F .447 (The output is sorted according to the current)5.447 F 3.53 -(locale. When)144 172.8 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.53 F +(locale. When)144 184.8 R 1.031(options are speci\214ed, the)3.53 F 3.531(ys)-.15 G 1.031(et or unset shell attrib)-3.531 F 3.531(utes. An) -.2 F 3.531(ya)-.15 G -.18(rg)-3.531 G 1.031(uments remaining).18 F .585 -(after option processing are treated as v)144 184.8 R .584 +(after option processing are treated as v)144 196.8 R .584 (alues for the positional parameters and are assigned, in or)-.25 F(-) --.2 E(der)144 196.8 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 +-.2 E(der)144 208.8 Q 2.5(,t)-.4 G(o)-2.5 E F1($1)2.5 E F0(,)A F1($2)2.5 E F0(,)A F1 2.5(... $)2.5 F F2(n)A F0 5(.O)C(ptions, if speci\214ed, ha) -5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad61>144 -208.8 Q F0 1.377(Each v)184 208.8 R 1.377 +220.8 Q F0 1.377(Each v)184 220.8 R 1.377 (ariable or function that is created or modi\214ed is gi)-.25 F -.15(ve) -.25 G 3.877(nt).15 G 1.377(he e)-3.877 F 1.378(xport attrib)-.15 F -1.378(ute and)-.2 F(mark)184 220.8 Q(ed for e)-.1 E(xport to the en)-.15 -E(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1<ad62>144 232.8 Q F0 .132 -(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)184 232.8 R +1.378(ute and)-.2 F(mark)184 232.8 Q(ed for e)-.1 E(xport to the en)-.15 +E(vironment of subsequent commands.)-.4 E F1<ad62>144 244.8 Q F0 .132 +(Report the status of terminated background jobs immediately)184 244.8 R 2.632(,r)-.65 G .131(ather than before the ne)-2.632 F(xt)-.15 E -(primary prompt.)184 244.8 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) --.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1<ad65>144 256.8 Q F0 -.087(Exit immediately if a)184 256.8 R F2(pipeline)2.587 E F0 .087 +(primary prompt.)184 256.8 Q(This is ef)5 E(fecti)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve o) +-.25 H(nly when job control is enabled.).15 E F1<ad65>144 268.8 Q F0 +.087(Exit immediately if a)184 268.8 R F2(pipeline)2.587 E F0 .087 (\(which may consist of a single)2.587 F F2 .088(simple command)2.588 F -F0 .088(\), a)B F2(list)2.588 E F0 2.588(,o)C(r)-2.588 E(a)184 268.8 Q +F0 .088(\), a)B F2(list)2.588 E F0 2.588(,o)C(r)-2.588 E(a)184 280.8 Q F2 1.521(compound command)4.021 F F0(\(see)4.021 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.521(SHELL GRAMMAR)4.021 F F0(abo)3.771 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.521(\), e) .15 F 1.521(xits with a non-zero status.)-.15 F .079 -(The shell does not e)184 280.8 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F -.08(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 292.8 Q +(The shell does not e)184 292.8 R .079(xit if the command that f)-.15 F +.08(ails is part of the command list immediately)-.1 F(follo)184 304.8 Q 1.655(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)4.155 E F0(or)4.155 E F1(until)4.155 E F0 -.1(ke)4.155 G(yw)-.05 E 1.655(ord, part of the test follo)-.1 F 1.654 (wing the)-.25 F F1(if)4.154 E F0(or)4.154 E F1(elif)4.154 E F0(reserv) -4.154 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 304.8 S .581(rds, part of an).1 F 3.081(yc) +4.154 E(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)184 316.8 S .581(rds, part of an).1 F 3.081(yc) -.15 G .581(ommand e)-3.081 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .581(cuted in a).15 F F1 (&&)3.081 E F0(or)3.081 E F1(||)3.081 E F0 .582(list e)3.082 F .582 -(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .918(the \214nal)184 316.8 R +(xcept the command follo)-.15 F(wing)-.25 E .918(the \214nal)184 328.8 R F1(&&)3.418 E F0(or)3.418 E F1(||)3.418 E F0 3.418(,a)C 1.218 -.15(ny c) -3.418 H .918(ommand in a pipeline b).15 F .917 (ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.417(sr)-.55 G(eturn)-3.417 E --.25(va)184 328.8 S .66(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .66 +-.25(va)184 340.8 S .66(lue is being in).25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .66 (rted with).15 F F1(!)3.16 E F0 5.661(.I)C 3.161(fac)-5.661 G .661 (ompound command other than a subshell returns a)-3.161 F 1.113 -(non-zero status because a command f)184 340.8 R 1.112(ailed while)-.1 F +(non-zero status because a command f)184 352.8 R 1.112(ailed while)-.1 F F1<ad65>3.612 E F0 -.1(wa)3.612 G 3.612(sb).1 G 1.112 -(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .177(not e)184 352.8 R 2.677 +(eing ignored, the shell does)-3.612 F .177(not e)184 364.8 R 2.677 (xit. A)-.15 F .177(trap on)2.677 F F1(ERR)2.677 E F0 2.677(,i)C 2.678 (fs)-2.677 G .178(et, is e)-2.678 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .178 (cuted before the shell e).15 F 2.678(xits. This)-.15 F .178 -(option applies to)2.678 F .618(the shell en)184 364.8 R .617 +(option applies to)2.678 F .618(the shell en)184 376.8 R .617 (vironment and each subshell en)-.4 F .617(vironment separately \(see) --.4 F F3 .617(COMMAND EXE-)3.117 F .642(CUTION ENVIR)184 376.8 R(ONMENT) +-.4 F F3 .617(COMMAND EXE-)3.117 F .642(CUTION ENVIR)184 388.8 R(ONMENT) -.27 E F0(abo)2.893 E -.15(ve)-.15 G .643 (\), and may cause subshells to e).15 F .643(xit before e)-.15 F -.15 -(xe)-.15 G .643(cuting all).15 F(the commands in the subshell.)184 388.8 -Q .999(If a compound command or shell function e)184 406.8 R -.15(xe) +(xe)-.15 G .643(cuting all).15 F(the commands in the subshell.)184 400.8 +Q .999(If a compound command or shell function e)184 418.8 R -.15(xe) -.15 G .999(cutes in a conte).15 F .998(xt where)-.15 F F1<ad65>3.498 E F0 .998(is being ig-)3.498 F .089(nored, none of the commands e)184 -418.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .089 +430.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .089 (cuted within the compound command or function body).15 F .503 -(will be af)184 430.8 R .503(fected by the)-.25 F F1<ad65>3.002 E F0 +(will be af)184 442.8 R .503(fected by the)-.25 F F1<ad65>3.002 E F0 .502(setting, e)3.002 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.002(ni).15 G(f)-3.002 E F1 <ad65>3.002 E F0 .502(is set and a command returns a f)3.002 F .502 -(ailure sta-)-.1 F 4.183(tus. If)184 442.8 R 4.183(ac)4.183 G 1.683 +(ailure sta-)-.1 F 4.183(tus. If)184 454.8 R 4.183(ac)4.183 G 1.683 (ompound command or shell function sets)-4.183 F F1<ad65>4.184 E F0 1.684(while e)4.184 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.684(cuting in a conte).15 F(xt) --.15 E(where)184 454.8 Q F1<ad65>3.154 E F0 .654 +-.15 E(where)184 466.8 Q F1<ad65>3.154 E F0 .654 (is ignored, that setting will not ha)3.154 F .953 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .953 -.15(ny e).15 H -.25(ff).15 G .653(ect until the compound command).25 F -(or the command containing the function call completes.)184 466.8 Q F1 -<ad66>144 478.8 Q F0(Disable pathname e)184 478.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 -<ad68>144 490.8 Q F0 .988(Remember the location of commands as the)184 -490.8 R 3.488(ya)-.15 G .988(re look)-3.488 F .988(ed up for e)-.1 F +(or the command containing the function call completes.)184 478.8 Q F1 +<ad66>144 490.8 Q F0(Disable pathname e)184 490.8 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E F1 +<ad68>144 502.8 Q F0 .988(Remember the location of commands as the)184 +502.8 R 3.488(ya)-.15 G .988(re look)-3.488 F .988(ed up for e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G 3.488(cution. This).15 F .988(is en-)3.488 F -(abled by def)184 502.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad6b>144 514.8 Q F0 .514 -(All ar)184 514.8 R .514 +(abled by def)184 514.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1<ad6b>144 526.8 Q F0 .514 +(All ar)184 526.8 R .514 (guments in the form of assignment statements are placed in the en)-.18 F .513(vironment for a)-.4 F -(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 526.8 Q F1 -<ad6d>144 538.8 Q F0 .148(Monitor mode.)184 538.8 R .148 +(command, not just those that precede the command name.)184 538.8 Q F1 +<ad6d>144 550.8 Q F0 .148(Monitor mode.)184 550.8 R .148 (Job control is enabled.)5.148 F .149(This option is on by def)5.148 F .149(ault for interacti)-.1 F .449 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells).15 E .651 -(on systems that support it \(see)184 550.8 R F3 .651(JOB CONTR)3.151 F +(on systems that support it \(see)184 562.8 R F3 .651(JOB CONTR)3.151 F (OL)-.27 E F0(abo)2.901 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.151(\). All).15 F .65 -(processes run in a separate)3.151 F .678(process group.)184 562.8 R +(processes run in a separate)3.151 F .678(process group.)184 574.8 R .679(When a background job completes, the shell prints a line containin\ -g its)5.678 F -.15(ex)184 574.8 S(it status.).15 E F1<ad6e>144 586.8 Q -F0 .653(Read commands b)184 586.8 R .653(ut do not e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 +g its)5.678 F -.15(ex)184 586.8 S(it status.).15 E F1<ad6e>144 598.8 Q +F0 .653(Read commands b)184 598.8 R .653(ut do not e)-.2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .653(cute them.).15 F .652 (This may be used to check a shell script for)5.653 F(syntax errors.)184 -598.8 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 -E F1<ad6f>144 610.8 Q F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The)184 622.8 Q F2 +610.8 Q(This is ignored by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 +E F1<ad6f>144 622.8 Q F2(option\255name)2.5 E F0(The)184 634.8 Q F2 (option\255name)2.5 E F0(can be one of the follo)2.5 E(wing:)-.25 E F1 -(allexport)184 634.8 Q F0(Same as)224 646.8 Q F1<ad61>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(braceexpand)184 658.8 Q F0(Same as)224 670.8 Q F1<ad42>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -(emacs)184 682.8 Q F0 .089 -(Use an emacs-style command line editing interf)224 682.8 R 2.589 +(allexport)184 646.8 Q F0(Same as)224 658.8 Q F1<ad61>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(braceexpand)184 670.8 Q F0(Same as)224 682.8 Q F1<ad42>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +(emacs)184 694.8 Q F0 .089 +(Use an emacs-style command line editing interf)224 694.8 R 2.589 (ace. This)-.1 F .089(is enabled by def)2.589 F(ault)-.1 E .95 -(when the shell is interacti)224 694.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G +(when the shell is interacti)224 706.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.45(,u).15 G .95(nless the shell is started with the)-3.45 F F1(\255\255noediting) -3.45 E F0 2.5(option. This)224 706.8 R(also af)2.5 E +3.45 E F0 2.5(option. This)224 718.8 R(also af)2.5 E (fects the editing interf)-.25 E(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G -(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1(err)184 718.8 Q(exit)-.18 E F0(Same as)224 -718.8 Q F1<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E -(15)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(15) +198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 16 16 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(errtrace)184 84 Q F0 -(Same as)224 84 Q F1<ad45>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(functrace)184 96 Q F0(Same as) -224 108 Q F1<ad54>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(hashall)184 120 Q F0(Same as)224 120 Q -F1<ad68>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(histexpand)184 132 Q F0(Same as)224 144 Q F1 -<ad48>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(history)184 156 Q F0 .586(Enable command history) -224 156 R 3.087(,a)-.65 G 3.087(sd)-3.087 G .587(escribed abo)-3.087 F -.887 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.087 E(OR) --.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .587(This option is)5.087 -F(on by def)224 168 Q(ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H -(hells.).15 E F1(ignor)184 180 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.657(The ef)224 192 R -1.657(fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF -(IGNOREEOF=10)4.156 E F0 1.656(had been e)4.156 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted) -.15 E(\(see)224 204 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15 -(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1 -.1(ke)184 216 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as) -224 228 Q F1<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 240 Q F0(Same as)224 240 Q -F1<ad6d>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(noclob)184 252 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 264 Q -F1<ad43>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(noexec)184 276 Q F0(Same as)224 276 Q F1<ad6e> -2.5 E F0(.)A F1(noglob)184 288 Q F0(Same as)224 288 Q F1<ad66>2.5 E F0 -(.)A F1(nolog)184 300 Q F0(Currently ignored.)224 300 Q F1(notify)184 -312 Q F0(Same as)224 312 Q F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 324 Q F0 -(Same as)224 324 Q F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 336 Q F0(Same as) -224 336 Q F1<ad74>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(ph)184 348 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as) -224 348 Q F1<ad50>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(pipefail)184 360 Q F0 1.029 -(If set, the return v)224 360 R 1.029(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F -1.03(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.137(mand to e)224 372 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(err)184 84 Q(exit) +-.18 E F0(Same as)224 84 Q F1<ad65>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(errtrace)184 96 Q F0 +(Same as)224 96 Q F1<ad45>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(functrace)184 108 Q F0 +(Same as)224 120 Q F1<ad54>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(hashall)184 132 Q F0(Same as) +224 132 Q F1<ad68>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(histexpand)184 144 Q F0(Same as)224 +156 Q F1<ad48>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(history)184 168 Q F0 .586 +(Enable command history)224 168 R 3.087(,a)-.65 G 3.087(sd)-3.087 G .587 +(escribed abo)-3.087 F .887 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9 +/Times-Bold@0 SF(HIST)3.087 E(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF +(.)A F0 .587(This option is)5.087 F(on by def)224 180 Q +(ault in interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E F1(ignor)184 +192 Q(eeof)-.18 E F0 1.657(The ef)224 204 R 1.657 +(fect is as if the shell command)-.25 F/F4 10/Courier@0 SF(IGNOREEOF=10) +4.156 E F0 1.656(had been e)4.156 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted).15 E(\(see)224 +216 Q F1(Shell V)2.5 E(ariables)-.92 E F0(abo)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).) +.15 E F1 -.1(ke)184 228 S(yw).1 E(ord)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 240 Q F1 +<ad6b>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(monitor)184 252 Q F0(Same as)224 252 Q F1<ad6d>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(noclob)184 264 Q(ber)-.1 E F0(Same as)224 276 Q F1<ad43>2.5 +E F0(.)A F1(noexec)184 288 Q F0(Same as)224 288 Q F1<ad6e>2.5 E F0(.)A +F1(noglob)184 300 Q F0(Same as)224 300 Q F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nolog) +184 312 Q F0(Currently ignored.)224 312 Q F1(notify)184 324 Q F0 +(Same as)224 324 Q F1<ad62>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(nounset)184 336 Q F0(Same as) +224 336 Q F1<ad75>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(onecmd)184 348 Q F0(Same as)224 348 Q +F1<ad74>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(ph)184 360 Q(ysical)-.15 E F0(Same as)224 360 Q +F1<ad50>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(pipefail)184 372 Q F0 1.029 +(If set, the return v)224 372 R 1.029(alue of a pipeline is the v)-.25 F +1.03(alue of the last \(rightmost\) com-)-.25 F 1.137(mand to e)224 384 R 1.136 (xit with a non-zero status, or zero if all commands in the pipeline) --.15 F -.15(ex)224 384 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G -(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 396 Q F0 -2.09(Change the beha)224 396 R 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 +-.15 F -.15(ex)224 396 S(it successfully).15 E 5(.T)-.65 G +(his option is disabled by def)-5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(posix)184 408 Q F0 +2.09(Change the beha)224 408 R 2.091(vior of)-.2 F F1(bash)4.591 E F0 2.091(where the def)4.591 F 2.091(ault operation dif)-.1 F 2.091 (fers from the)-.25 F 1.212(POSIX standard to match the standard \()224 -408 R/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 1.212(posix mode)B F0 3.712(\). See)B F2 +420 R/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF 1.212(posix mode)B F0 3.712(\). See)B F2 1.212(SEE ALSO)3.712 F F0(belo)3.462 E(w)-.25 E .954 -(for a reference to a document that details ho)224 420 R 3.455(wp)-.25 G +(for a reference to a document that details ho)224 432 R 3.455(wp)-.25 G .955(osix mode af)-3.455 F .955(fects bash')-.25 F 3.455(sb)-.55 G(e-) --3.455 E(ha)224 432 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F1(pri)184 444 Q(vileged)-.1 E -F0(Same as)224 456 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 468 S(rbose).1 E -F0(Same as)224 468 Q F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 480 Q F0 .209 -(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)224 480 R 2.709(ace. This) +-3.455 E(ha)224 444 Q(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F1(pri)184 456 Q(vileged)-.1 E +F0(Same as)224 468 Q F1<ad70>2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -.1(ve)184 480 S(rbose).1 E +F0(Same as)224 480 Q F1<ad76>2.5 E F0(.)A F1(vi)184 492 Q F0 .209 +(Use a vi-style command line editing interf)224 492 R 2.709(ace. This) -.1 F .209(also af)2.709 F .209(fects the editing in-)-.25 F(terf)224 -492 Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1 -(xtrace)184 504 Q F0(Same as)224 504 Q F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 522 Q +504 Q(ace used for)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(ad \255e).18 E F0(.)A F1 +(xtrace)184 516 Q F0(Same as)224 516 Q F1<ad78>2.5 E F0(.)A(If)184 534 Q F1<ad6f>3.052 E F0 .552(is supplied with no)3.052 F F5(option\255name) 3.053 E F0 3.053(,t)C .553(he v)-3.053 F .553 (alues of the current options are printed.)-.25 F(If)5.553 E F1(+o)184 -534 Q F0 1.072(is supplied with no)3.572 F F5(option\255name)3.572 E F0 +546 Q F0 1.072(is supplied with no)3.572 F F5(option\255name)3.572 E F0 3.572(,a)C 1.071(series of)-.001 F F1(set)3.571 E F0 1.071 (commands to recreate the current)3.571 F -(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 546 Q F1<ad70> -144 558 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 558 S 1.071(rn on).45 F F5(privile)4.821 E -.1 +(option settings is displayed on the standard output.)184 558 Q F1<ad70> +144 570 Q F0 -.45(Tu)184 570 S 1.071(rn on).45 F F5(privile)4.821 E -.1 (ge)-.4 G(d).1 E F0 3.572(mode. In)4.341 F 1.072(this mode, the)3.572 F F2($ENV)3.572 E F0(and)3.322 E F2($B)3.572 E(ASH_ENV)-.27 E F0 1.072 (\214les are not pro-)3.322 F 1.501 -(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 570 R 1.5 -(vironment, and the)-.4 F F2(SHELLOPTS)4 E F3(,)A F2 -.27(BA)184 582 S +(cessed, shell functions are not inherited from the en)184 582 R 1.5 +(vironment, and the)-.4 F F2(SHELLOPTS)4 E F3(,)A F2 -.27(BA)184 594 S (SHOPTS).27 E F3(,)A F2(CDP)2.774 E -.855(AT)-.666 G(H).855 E F3(,)A F0 (and)2.774 E F2(GLOBIGNORE)3.024 E F0 -.25(va)2.774 G .524 (riables, if the).25 F 3.025(ya)-.15 G .525(ppear in the en)-3.025 F -(vironment,)-.4 E .38(are ignored.)184 594 R .38 +(vironment,)-.4 E .38(are ignored.)184 606 R .38 (If the shell is started with the ef)5.38 F(fecti)-.25 E .679 -.15(ve u) -.25 H .379(ser \(group\) id not equal to the real).15 F .461 -(user \(group\) id, and the)184 606 R F1<ad70>2.961 E F0 .461 +(user \(group\) id, and the)184 618 R F1<ad70>2.961 E F0 .461 (option is not supplied, these actions are tak)2.961 F .462 -(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 618 Q .695 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .395 +(en and the ef)-.1 F(fec-)-.25 E(ti)184 630 Q .695 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .395 (ser id is set to the real user id.).15 F .395(If the)5.395 F F1<ad70> 2.895 E F0 .394(option is supplied at startup, the ef)2.895 F(fecti)-.25 -E -.15(ve)-.25 G .386(user id is not reset.)184 630 R -.45(Tu)5.386 G +E -.15(ve)-.25 G .386(user id is not reset.)184 642 R -.45(Tu)5.386 G .386(rning this option of).45 F 2.886(fc)-.25 G .387(auses the ef)-2.886 F(fecti)-.25 E .687 -.15(ve u)-.25 H .387(ser and group ids to be).15 F -(set to the real user and group ids.)184 642 Q F1<ad74>144 654 Q F0 -(Exit after reading and e)184 654 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting one command.) -.15 E F1<ad75>144 666 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 666 S .044(eat unset v).35 F .044 +(set to the real user and group ids.)184 654 Q F1<ad74>144 666 Q F0 +(Exit after reading and e)184 666 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting one command.) +.15 E F1<ad75>144 678 Q F0 -.35(Tr)184 678 S .044(eat unset v).35 F .044 (ariables and parameters other than the special parameters "@" and "*" \ -as an)-.25 F .182(error when performing parameter e)184 678 R 2.682 +as an)-.25 F .182(error when performing parameter e)184 690 R 2.682 (xpansion. If)-.15 F -.15(ex)2.682 G .183 (pansion is attempted on an unset v).15 F(ari-)-.25 E .746 -(able or parameter)184 690 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 +(able or parameter)184 702 R 3.246(,t)-.4 G .746 (he shell prints an error message, and, if not interacti)-3.246 F -.15 (ve)-.25 G 3.246(,e).15 G .746(xits with a)-3.396 F(non-zero status.)184 -702 Q F1<ad76>144 714 Q F0(Print shell input lines as the)184 714 Q 2.5 -(ya)-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E -(16)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +714 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(16)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 17 17 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad78>144 84 Q F0 .315 -(After e)184 84 R .315(xpanding each)-.15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF .315 -(simple command)2.815 F F0(,)A F1 -.25(fo)2.815 G(r).25 E F0(command,) -2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(select)2.815 E F0 -(command,)2.815 E 1.236(or arithmetic)184 96 R F1 -.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 -E F0 1.236(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236 -(alue of)-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PS4)3.736 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -(,)A F0(follo)3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F(mand and its e)184 -108 Q(xpanded ar)-.15 E(guments or associated w)-.18 E(ord list.)-.1 E -F1<ad42>144 120 Q F0 1.205(The shell performs brace e)184 120 R 1.205 -(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F1 1.205(Brace Expansion)3.705 F F0(abo)3.705 E --.15(ve)-.15 G 3.706(\). This).15 F 1.206(is on by de-)3.706 F -.1(fa) -184 132 S(ult.).1 E F1<ad43>144 144 Q F0 .214(If set,)184 144 R F1(bash) -2.714 E F0 .214(does not o)2.714 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214(rwrite an e).15 F -.214(xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0 -2.713(,a)C(nd)-2.713 E F1(<>)2.713 E F0 .213(redirection opera-)2.713 F -3.053(tors. This)184 156 R .553(may be o)3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad76>144 84 Q F0 +(Print shell input lines as the)184 84 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re read.)-2.5 E +F1<ad78>144 96 Q F0 .315(After e)184 96 R .315(xpanding each)-.15 F/F2 +10/Times-Italic@0 SF .315(simple command)2.815 F F0(,)A F1 -.25(fo)2.815 +G(r).25 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1(case)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E F1 +(select)2.815 E F0(command,)2.815 E 1.236(or arithmetic)184 108 R F1 +-.25(fo)3.736 G(r).25 E F0 1.236(command, display the e)3.736 F 1.236 +(xpanded v)-.15 F 1.236(alue of)-.25 F/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(PS4)3.736 E +/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0(follo)3.486 E 1.236(wed by the com-)-.25 F +(mand and its e)184 120 Q(xpanded ar)-.15 E(guments or associated w)-.18 +E(ord list.)-.1 E F1<ad42>144 132 Q F0 1.205(The shell performs brace e) +184 132 R 1.205(xpansion \(see)-.15 F F1 1.205(Brace Expansion)3.705 F +F0(abo)3.705 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.706(\). This).15 F 1.206(is on by de-) +3.706 F -.1(fa)184 144 S(ult.).1 E F1<ad43>144 156 Q F0 .214(If set,)184 +156 R F1(bash)2.714 E F0 .214(does not o)2.714 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .214 +(rwrite an e).15 F .214(xisting \214le with the)-.15 F F1(>)2.714 E F0 +(,)A F1(>&)2.714 E F0 2.713(,a)C(nd)-2.713 E F1(<>)2.713 E F0 .213 +(redirection opera-)2.713 F 3.053(tors. This)184 168 R .553(may be o) +3.053 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .553 (rridden when creating output \214les by using the redirection opera-) -.15 F(tor)184 168 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 -<ad45>144 180 Q F0 .104(If set, an)184 180 R 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104 +.15 F(tor)184 180 Q F1(>|)2.5 E F0(instead of)2.5 E F1(>)2.5 E F0(.)A F1 +<ad45>144 192 Q F0 .104(If set, an)184 192 R 2.604(yt)-.15 G .104 (rap on)-2.604 F F1(ERR)2.604 E F0 .103 (is inherited by shell functions, command substitutions, and com-)2.604 -F .838(mands e)184 192 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .838(cuted in a subshell en).15 +F .838(mands e)184 204 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .838(cuted in a subshell en).15 F 3.338(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(ERR)3.338 E F0 .839 -(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 204 Q F1 -<ad48>144 216 Q F0(Enable)184 216 Q F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532 +(trap is normally not inherited in)3.339 F(such cases.)184 216 Q F1 +<ad48>144 228 Q F0(Enable)184 228 Q F1(!)3.032 E F0 .532 (style history substitution.)5.532 F .531(This option is on by def)5.532 -F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 228 Q -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 240 Q F0 .959 -(If set, the shell does not resolv)184 240 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959 +F .531(ault when the shell is inter)-.1 F(-)-.2 E(acti)184 240 Q -.15 +(ve)-.25 G(.).15 E F1<ad50>144 252 Q F0 .959 +(If set, the shell does not resolv)184 252 R 3.459(es)-.15 G .959 (ymbolic links when e)-3.459 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .96 (cuting commands such as).15 F F1(cd)3.46 E F0 1.453 -(that change the current w)184 252 R 1.453(orking directory)-.1 F 6.453 +(that change the current w)184 264 R 1.453(orking directory)-.1 F 6.453 (.I)-.65 G 3.952(tu)-6.453 G 1.452(ses the ph)-3.952 F 1.452 -(ysical directory structure in-)-.05 F 3.334(stead. By)184 264 R(def) +(ysical directory structure in-)-.05 F 3.334(stead. By)184 276 R(def) 3.334 E(ault,)-.1 E F1(bash)3.334 E F0(follo)3.334 E .834 (ws the logical chain of directories when performing com-)-.25 F -(mands which change the current directory)184 276 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144 -288 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 288 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 +(mands which change the current directory)184 288 Q(.)-.65 E F1<ad54>144 +300 Q F0 .89(If set, an)184 300 R 3.39(yt)-.15 G .89(raps on)-3.39 F F1 (DEB)3.39 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)3.39 E F1(RETURN)3.39 E F0 .89 (are inherited by shell functions, command)3.39 F 1.932 -(substitutions, and commands e)184 300 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 +(substitutions, and commands e)184 312 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.932 (cuted in a subshell en).15 F 4.432(vironment. The)-.4 F F1(DEB)4.432 E -(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 312 Q F0 -(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 324 Q -F0 .401(If no ar)184 324 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G +(UG)-.1 E F0(and)4.432 E F1(RETURN)184 324 Q F0 +(traps are normally not inherited in such cases.)2.5 E F1<adad>144 336 Q +F0 .401(If no ar)184 336 R .401(guments follo)-.18 F 2.901(wt)-.25 G .401(his option, then the positional parameters are unset.)-2.901 F -(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 336 Q F2 +(Otherwise,)5.4 E(the positional parameters are set to the)184 348 Q F2 (ar)2.5 E(g)-.37 E F0(s, e)A -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fs)-2.5 G (ome of them be)-2.5 E(gin with a)-.15 E F1<ad>2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad>144 -348 Q F0 .796(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)184 348 R +360 Q F0 .796(Signal the end of options, cause all remaining)184 360 R F2(ar)3.297 E(g)-.37 E F0 3.297(st)C 3.297(ob)-3.297 G 3.297(ea)-3.297 G -.797(ssigned to the positional pa-)-3.297 F 3.022(rameters. The)184 360 +.797(ssigned to the positional pa-)-3.297 F 3.022(rameters. The)184 372 R F1<ad78>3.022 E F0(and)3.022 E F1<ad76>3.022 E F0 .522 (options are turned of)3.022 F 3.022(f. If)-.25 F .522(there are no) 3.022 F F2(ar)3.022 E(g)-.37 E F0 .521(s, the positional pa-)B -(rameters remain unchanged.)184 372 Q .425(The options are of)144 388.8 +(rameters remain unchanged.)184 384 Q .425(The options are of)144 400.8 R 2.925(fb)-.25 G 2.925(yd)-2.925 G(ef)-2.925 E .425 (ault unless otherwise noted.)-.1 F .425 (Using + rather than \255 causes these options)5.425 F .178 -(to be turned of)144 400.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178 +(to be turned of)144 412.8 R 2.678(f. The)-.25 F .178 (options can also be speci\214ed as ar)2.678 F .178(guments to an in) -.18 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .177(cation of the shell.).2 F(The)5.177 E .066 -(current set of options may be found in)144 412.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 +(current set of options may be found in)144 424.8 R F1<24ad>2.566 E F0 5.066(.T)C .066(he return status is al)-5.066 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .066 (ys true unless an in).1 F -.25(va)-.4 G .067(lid option).25 F -(is encountered.)144 424.8 Q F1(shift)108 441.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 -(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 453.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0 +(is encountered.)144 436.8 Q F1(shift)108 453.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F2(n)A F0 +(])A .429(The positional parameters from)144 465.6 R F2(n)2.929 E F0 .429(+1 ... are renamed to)B F1 .429($1 ....)2.929 F F0 -.15(Pa)5.428 G -.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 465.6 Q F1($#)2.582 +.428(rameters represented by the num-).15 F(bers)144 477.6 Q F1($#)2.582 E F0(do)2.582 E .082(wn to)-.25 F F1($#)2.582 E F0<ad>A F2(n)A F0 .082 (+1 are unset.)B F2(n)5.442 E F0 .082(must be a non-ne)2.822 F -.05(ga) -.15 G(ti).05 E .383 -.15(ve n)-.25 H .083(umber less than or equal to) .15 F F1($#)2.583 E F0 5.083(.I)C(f)-5.083 E F2(n)2.943 E F0 .06 -(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 477.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 +(is 0, no parameters are changed.)144 489.6 R(If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is not gi)2.8 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .06(n, it is assumed to be 1.).15 F (If)5.06 E F2(n)2.92 E F0 .06(is greater than)2.8 F F1($#)2.56 E F0 2.56 -(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 489.6 R +(,t)C(he)-2.56 E .143(positional parameters are not changed.)144 501.6 R .144(The return status is greater than zero if)5.143 F F2(n)3.004 E F0 .144(is greater than)2.884 F F1($#)2.644 E F0 -(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 501.6 Q F1(shopt)108 518.4 Q F0([) +(or less than zero; otherwise 0.)144 513.6 Q F1(shopt)108 530.4 Q F0([) 2.5 E F1(\255pqsu)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad6f>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(optname) --2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 530.4 S .64(ggle the v).8 F .639 +-2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E -.8(To)144 542.4 S .64(ggle the v).8 F .639 (alues of settings controlling optional shell beha)-.25 F(vior)-.2 E 5.639(.T)-.55 G .639(he settings can be either those)-5.639 F .374 -(listed belo)144 542.4 R 1.674 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.174 -.4(r, i).65 H +(listed belo)144 554.4 R 1.674 -.65(w, o)-.25 H 1.174 -.4(r, i).65 H 2.874(ft).4 G(he)-2.874 E F1<ad6f>2.874 E F0 .375 (option is used, those a)2.875 F -.25(va)-.2 G .375(ilable with the).25 F F1<ad6f>2.875 E F0 .375(option to the)2.875 F F1(set)2.875 E F0 -.2 -(bu)2.875 G .375(iltin com-).2 F 2.566(mand. W)144 554.4 R .066 +(bu)2.875 G .375(iltin com-).2 F 2.566(mand. W)144 566.4 R .066 (ith no options, or with the)-.4 F F1<ad70>2.566 E F0 .066 (option, a list of all settable options is displayed, with an in-)2.566 -F .074(dication of whether or not each is set; if)144 566.4 R F2 +F .074(dication of whether or not each is set; if)144 578.4 R F2 (optnames)2.574 E F0 .074 (are supplied, the output is restricted to those op-)2.574 F 3.105 -(tions. The)144 578.4 R F1<ad70>3.105 E F0 .605(option causes output to\ +(tions. The)144 590.4 R F1<ad70>3.105 E F0 .605(option causes output to\ be displayed in a form that may be reused as input.)3.105 F(Other)5.605 -E(options ha)144 590.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E -(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 602.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)180 -602.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 614.4 Q F0 -(Disable \(unset\) each)180 614.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 -626.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\ -tus indicates whether the)180 626.4 R F2(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E -.256(set or unset.)180 638.4 R .256(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756 +E(options ha)144 602.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he follo).15 E +(wing meanings:)-.25 E F1<ad73>144 614.4 Q F0(Enable \(set\) each)180 +614.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad75>144 626.4 Q F0 +(Disable \(unset\) each)180 626.4 Q F2(optname)2.5 E F0(.)A F1<ad71>144 +638.4 Q F0 .003(Suppresses normal output \(quiet mode\); the return sta\ +tus indicates whether the)180 638.4 R F2(optname)2.504 E F0(is)2.504 E +.256(set or unset.)180 650.4 R .256(If multiple)5.256 F F2(optname)2.756 E F0(ar)2.756 E .256(guments are gi)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(nw).15 G (ith)-2.756 E F1<ad71>2.756 E F0 2.755(,t)C .255 -(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F(all)180 650.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E -F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 662.4 Q F0 -(Restricts the v)180 662.4 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0 +(he return status is zero if)-2.755 F(all)180 662.4 Q F2(optnames)2.5 E +F0(are enabled; non-zero otherwise.)2.5 E F1<ad6f>144 674.4 Q F0 +(Restricts the v)180 674.4 Q(alues of)-.25 E F2(optname)2.5 E F0 (to be those de\214ned for the)2.5 E F1<ad6f>2.5 E F0(option to the)2.5 -E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .624(If either)144 679.2 R F1 +E F1(set)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin.).2 E .624(If either)144 691.2 R F1 <ad73>3.124 E F0(or)3.124 E F1<ad75>3.124 E F0 .624(is used with no) 3.124 F F2(optname)3.124 E F0(ar)3.124 E(guments,)-.18 E F1(shopt)3.124 E F0(sho)3.124 E .624(ws only those options which are)-.25 F .984 -(set or unset, respecti)144 691.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.984(.U) +(set or unset, respecti)144 703.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.984(.U) -.65 G .984(nless otherwise noted, the)-5.984 F F1(shopt)3.484 E F0 .983 -(options are disabled \(unset\) by de-)3.483 F -.1(fa)144 703.2 S(ult.) -.1 E 1.544(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 720 -R F2(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)4.045 F -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(17)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +(options are disabled \(unset\) by de-)3.483 F -.1(fa)144 715.2 S(ult.) +.1 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(17)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 18 18 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .696 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 1.544 +(The return status when listing options is zero if all)144 84 R/F1 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(optnames)4.044 E F0 1.545 +(are enabled, non-zero otherwise.)4.045 F .696 (When setting or unsetting options, the return status is zero unless an) -144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v) -3.196 F .695(alid shell)-.25 F(option.)144 96 Q(The list of)144 112.8 Q -/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(shopt)2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F2 -(assoc_expand_once)144 130.8 Q F0 1.944 -(If set, the shell suppresses multiple e)184 142.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G +144 96 R F1(optname)3.196 E F0 .696(is not a v)3.196 F .695(alid shell) +-.25 F(option.)144 108 Q(The list of)144 124.8 Q/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(shopt)2.5 E F0(options is:)2.5 E F2(assoc_expand_once)144 142.8 Q F0 +1.944(If set, the shell suppresses multiple e)184 154.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.945(luation of associati).25 F 2.245 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 1.945 -(rray subscripts during).15 F .885(arithmetic e)184 154.8 R .885 +(rray subscripts during).15 F .885(arithmetic e)184 166.8 R .885 (xpression e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .885(luation, while e).25 F -.15(xe) -.15 G .885(cuting b).15 F .885(uiltins that can perform v)-.2 F .885 -(ariable as-)-.25 F(signments, and while e)184 166.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G +(ariable as-)-.25 F(signments, and while e)184 178.8 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G (cuting b).15 E(uiltins that perform array dereferencing.)-.2 E F2 -(autocd)144 178.8 Q F0 .199 -(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 178.8 R +(autocd)144 190.8 Q F0 .199 +(If set, a command name that is the name of a directory is e)184 190.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .2(cuted as if it were the ar).15 F(gu-)-.18 E -(ment to the)184 190.8 Q F2(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F +(ment to the)184 202.8 Q F2(cd)2.5 E F0 2.5(command. This)2.5 F (option is only used by interacti)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.).15 E -F2(cdable_v)144 202.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 214.8 R .156 +F2(cdable_v)144 214.8 Q(ars)-.1 E F0 .156(If set, an ar)184 226.8 R .156 (gument to the)-.18 F F2(cd)2.656 E F0 -.2(bu)2.656 G .155 (iltin command that is not a directory is assumed to be the).2 F -(name of a v)184 226.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E -(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F2(cdspell)144 238.8 Q F0 +(name of a v)184 238.8 Q(ariable whose v)-.25 E +(alue is the directory to change to.)-.25 E F2(cdspell)144 250.8 Q F0 1.055 (If set, minor errors in the spelling of a directory component in a)184 -238.8 R F2(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988 -(corrected. The)184 250.8 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487 +250.8 R F2(cd)3.555 E F0 1.055(command will be)3.555 F 3.988 +(corrected. The)184 262.8 R 1.488(errors check)3.988 F 1.487 (ed for are transposed characters, a missing character)-.1 F 3.987(,a) --.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .77(one character too man)184 262.8 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) +-.4 G(nd)-3.987 E .77(one character too man)184 274.8 R 4.57 -.65(y. I) -.15 H 3.27(fac).65 G .77 (orrection is found, the corrected \214lename is printed, and)-3.27 F -(the command proceeds.)184 274.8 Q +(the command proceeds.)184 286.8 Q (This option is only used by interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F2(checkhash)144 286.8 Q F0 .737(If set,)184 298.8 R F2(bash)3.237 +.15 E F2(checkhash)144 298.8 Q F0 .737(If set,)184 310.8 R F2(bash)3.237 E F0 .736(checks that a command found in the hash table e)3.237 F .736 (xists before trying to e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E(cute it.)184 -310.8 Q(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E -(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F2(checkjobs)144 322.8 -Q F0 .448(If set,)184 334.8 R F2(bash)2.948 E F0 .448 +322.8 Q(If a hashed command no longer e)5 E +(xists, a normal path search is performed.)-.15 E F2(checkjobs)144 334.8 +Q F0 .448(If set,)184 346.8 R F2(bash)2.948 E F0 .448 (lists the status of an)2.948 F 2.949(ys)-.15 G .449 (topped and running jobs before e)-2.949 F .449(xiting an interacti)-.15 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.662(shell. If)184 346.8 R(an)2.662 E 2.661(yj)-.15 G +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.662(shell. If)184 358.8 R(an)2.662 E 2.661(yj)-.15 G .161(obs are running, this causes the e)-2.661 F .161 (xit to be deferred until a second e)-.15 F .161(xit is at-)-.15 F 1.472 -(tempted without an interv)184 358.8 R 1.473(ening command \(see)-.15 F +(tempted without an interv)184 370.8 R 1.473(ening command \(see)-.15 F /F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF 1.473(JOB CONTR)3.973 F(OL)-.27 E F0(abo)3.723 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.973(\). The).15 F 1.473(shell al-)3.973 F -.1(wa)184 -370.8 S(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G -(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F2(checkwinsize)144 382.8 Q F0 1.09(If set,)184 -394.8 R F2(bash)3.59 E F0 1.09(checks the windo)3.59 F 3.59(ws)-.25 G +382.8 S(ys postpones e).1 E(xiting if an)-.15 E 2.5(yj)-.15 G +(obs are stopped.)-2.5 E F2(checkwinsize)144 394.8 Q F0 1.09(If set,)184 +406.8 R F2(bash)3.59 E F0 1.09(checks the windo)3.59 F 3.59(ws)-.25 G 1.09(ize after each e)-3.59 F 1.09(xternal \(non-b)-.15 F 1.09 -(uiltin\) command and, if)-.2 F(necessary)184 406.8 Q 3.35(,u)-.65 G .85 +(uiltin\) command and, if)-.2 F(necessary)184 418.8 Q 3.35(,u)-.65 G .85 (pdates the v)-3.35 F .85(alues of)-.25 F F3(LINES)3.35 E F0(and)3.1 E F3(COLUMNS)3.35 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .85 -(This option is enabled by de-)5.35 F -.1(fa)184 418.8 S(ult.).1 E F2 -(cmdhist)144 430.8 Q F0 .173(If set,)184 430.8 R F2(bash)2.673 E F0 .173 +(This option is enabled by de-)5.35 F -.1(fa)184 430.8 S(ult.).1 E F2 +(cmdhist)144 442.8 Q F0 .173(If set,)184 442.8 R F2(bash)2.673 E F0 .173 (attempts to sa)2.673 F .473 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .172 (ll lines of a multiple-line command in the same history en-).15 F(try) -184 442.8 Q 5.596(.T)-.65 G .597(his allo)-5.596 F .597 +184 454.8 Q 5.596(.T)-.65 G .597(his allo)-5.596 F .597 (ws easy re-editing of multi-line commands.)-.25 F .597 -(This option is enabled by de-)5.597 F -.1(fa)184 454.8 S 1.288(ult, b) +(This option is enabled by de-)5.597 F -.1(fa)184 466.8 S 1.288(ult, b) .1 F 1.288(ut only has an ef)-.2 F 1.288 (fect if command history is enabled, as described abo)-.25 F 1.587 -.15 -(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(HIST)184 466.8 Q(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F4(.)A -F2(compat31)144 478.8 Q(compat32)144 490.8 Q(compat40)144 502.8 Q -(compat41)144 514.8 Q(compat42)144 526.8 Q(compat43)144 538.8 Q -(compat44)144 550.8 Q F0 .889(These control aspects of the shell')184 -562.8 R 3.389(sc)-.55 G .889(ompatibility mode \(see)-3.389 F F3 .889 -(SHELL COMP)3.389 F -.855(AT)-.666 G(IBILITY).855 E(MODE)184 574.8 Q F0 -(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(complete_fullquote)144 591.6 Q F0 .654 -(If set,)184 603.6 R F2(bash)3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metachara\ +(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(HIST)184 478.8 Q(OR)-.162 E(Y)-.315 E F4(.)A +F2(compat31)144 490.8 Q(compat32)144 502.8 Q(compat40)144 514.8 Q +(compat41)144 526.8 Q(compat42)144 538.8 Q(compat43)144 550.8 Q +(compat44)144 562.8 Q F0 .889(These control aspects of the shell')184 +574.8 R 3.389(sc)-.55 G .889(ompatibility mode \(see)-3.389 F F3 .889 +(SHELL COMP)3.389 F -.855(AT)-.666 G(IBILITY).855 E(MODE)184 586.8 Q F0 +(belo)2.25 E(w\).)-.25 E F2(complete_fullquote)144 603.6 Q F0 .654 +(If set,)184 615.6 R F2(bash)3.153 E F0 .653(quotes all shell metachara\ cters in \214lenames and directory names when per)3.153 F(-)-.2 E 1.524 -(forming completion.)184 615.6 R 1.524(If not set,)6.524 F F2(bash)4.024 +(forming completion.)184 627.6 R 1.524(If not set,)6.524 F F2(bash)4.024 E F0(remo)4.024 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 4.024(sm).15 G 1.524 (etacharacters such as the dollar sign)-4.024 F 2.667(from the set of c\ haracters that will be quoted in completed \214lenames when these)184 -627.6 R .028(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 639.6 R .028 +639.6 R .028(metacharacters appear in shell v)184 651.6 R .028 (ariable references in w)-.25 F .029(ords to be completed.)-.1 F .029 -(This means)5.029 F 1.073(that dollar signs in v)184 651.6 R 1.073 +(This means)5.029 F 1.073(that dollar signs in v)184 663.6 R 1.073 (ariable names that e)-.25 F 1.073 (xpand to directories will not be quoted; ho)-.15 F(w-)-.25 E -2.15 -.25 -(ev e)184 663.6 T 1.922 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.422 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123 +(ev e)184 675.6 T 1.922 -.4(r, a).25 H 1.422 -.15(ny d).4 H 1.123 (ollar signs appearing in \214lenames will not be quoted, either).15 F 6.123(.T)-.55 G 1.123(his is acti)-6.123 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .59 (only when bash is using backslashes to quote completed \214lenames.)184 -675.6 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 687.6 Q +687.6 R .59(This v)5.59 F .59(ariable is set)-.25 F(by def)184 699.6 Q (ault, which is the def)-.1 E(ault bash beha)-.1 E(vior in v)-.2 E -(ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E F2(dir)144 704.4 Q(expand)-.18 E F0 .486 -(If set,)184 716.4 R F2(bash)2.986 E F0 .486 -(replaces directory names with the results of w)2.986 F .486(ord e)-.1 F -.487(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .18(ing \214lename completion.)184 -728.4 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.18 F -(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.179(.I)-.55 G 2.679(fn)-5.179 G(ot)-2.679 E -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(18)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +(ersions through 4.2.)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E +(18)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 19 19 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(set,)184 84 Q/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(bash) -2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G(hat the user typed.) --2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 100.8 Q F0 .858(If set,)184 100.8 R F1(bash)3.358 -E F0 .858(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.358 -F .859(ord completion if)-.1 F -(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 112.8 Q(xist.)-.15 -E F1(dotglob)144 129.6 Q F0 .165(If set,)184 129.6 R F1(bash)2.665 E F0 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(dir)144 84 Q(expand) +-.18 E F0 .486(If set,)184 96 R F1(bash)2.986 E F0 .486 +(replaces directory names with the results of w)2.986 F .486(ord e)-.1 F +.487(xpansion when perform-)-.15 F .18(ing \214lename completion.)184 +108 R .179(This changes the contents of the readline editing b)5.18 F +(uf)-.2 E(fer)-.25 E 5.179(.I)-.55 G 2.679(fn)-5.179 G(ot)-2.679 E(set,) +184 120 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(attempts to preserv)2.5 E 2.5(ew)-.15 G +(hat the user typed.)-2.5 E F1(dirspell)144 136.8 Q F0 .858(If set,)184 +136.8 R F1(bash)3.358 E F0 .858 +(attempts spelling correction on directory names during w)3.358 F .859 +(ord completion if)-.1 F +(the directory name initially supplied does not e)184 148.8 Q(xist.)-.15 +E F1(dotglob)144 165.6 Q F0 .165(If set,)184 165.6 R F1(bash)2.665 E F0 .165(includes \214lenames be)2.665 F .165(ginning with a `.)-.15 F 2.665 ('i)-.7 G 2.665(nt)-2.665 G .165(he results of pathname e)-2.665 F -(xpansion.)-.15 E(The \214lenames)184 141.6 Q F1 -.63(``)2.5 G -.55(.') +(xpansion.)-.15 E(The \214lenames)184 177.6 Q F1 -.63(``)2.5 G -.55(.') .63 G(')-.08 E F0(and)5 E F1 -.63(``)2.5 G(..).63 E -.63('')-.55 G F0 (must al)5.63 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys be matched e).1 E(xplicitly)-.15 E 2.5 (,e)-.65 G -.15(ve)-2.75 G 2.5(ni).15 G(f)-2.5 E F1(dotglob)2.5 E F0 -(is set.)2.5 E F1(execfail)144 158.4 Q F0 .516(If set, a non-interacti) -184 158.4 R .816 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .516(hell will not e).15 F .516 +(is set.)2.5 E F1(execfail)144 194.4 Q F0 .516(If set, a non-interacti) +184 194.4 R .816 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .516(hell will not e).15 F .516 (xit if it cannot e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .517 (cute the \214le speci\214ed as an ar).15 F(-)-.2 E(gument to the)184 -170.4 Q F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E(An interacti)5 +206.4 Q F1(exec)2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin command.).2 E(An interacti)5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hell does not e).15 E(xit if)-.15 E F1(exec)2.5 E -F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 187.2 Q F0 .717 -(If set, aliases are e)184 199.2 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 F +F0 -.1(fa)2.5 G(ils.).1 E F1(expand_aliases)144 223.2 Q F0 .717 +(If set, aliases are e)184 235.2 R .717(xpanded as described abo)-.15 F 1.017 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ALIASES)3.217 E /F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F0 .716(This option is enabled)5.217 F -(by def)184 211.2 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) -.15 E F1(extdeb)144 228 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 .17(If set at shell in)184 240 R +(by def)184 247.2 Q(ault for interacti)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.25 H(hells.) +.15 E F1(extdeb)144 264 Q(ug)-.2 E F0 .17(If set at shell in)184 276 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .17(cation, or in a shell startup \214le, arrange to e).2 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .17(cute the deb).15 F .17(ugger pro\214le)-.2 F 1.082 -(before the shell starts, identical to the)184 252 R F1<adad646562>3.582 +(before the shell starts, identical to the)184 288 R F1<adad646562>3.582 E(ugger)-.2 E F0 3.581(option. If)3.581 F 1.081(set after in)3.581 F -.2 -(vo)-.4 G 1.081(cation, be-).2 F(ha)184 264 Q +(vo)-.4 G 1.081(cation, be-).2 F(ha)184 300 Q (vior intended for use by deb)-.2 E(uggers is enabled:)-.2 E F1(1.)184 -280.8 Q F0(The)220 280.8 Q F1<ad46>4.25 E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F +316.8 Q F0(The)220 316.8 Q F1<ad46>4.25 E F0 1.75(option to the)4.25 F F1(declar)4.251 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)4.251 G 1.751 (iltin displays the source \214le name and line).2 F -(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 292.8 -Q(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 309.6 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the) -220 309.6 R F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v) +(number corresponding to each function name supplied as an ar)220 328.8 +Q(gument.)-.18 E F1(2.)184 345.6 Q F0 1.667(If the command run by the) +220 345.6 R F1(DEB)4.167 E(UG)-.1 E F0 1.667(trap returns a non-zero v) 4.167 F 1.667(alue, the ne)-.25 F(xt)-.15 E -(command is skipped and not e)220 321.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1 -(3.)184 338.4 Q F0 .84(If the command run by the)220 338.4 R F1(DEB)3.34 +(command is skipped and not e)220 357.6 Q -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuted.).15 E F1 +(3.)184 374.4 Q F0 .84(If the command run by the)220 374.4 R F1(DEB)3.34 E(UG)-.1 E F0 .841(trap returns a v)3.341 F .841 -(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15(exe)220 350.4 S .488 +(alue of 2, and the shell is)-.25 F -.15(exe)220 386.4 S .488 (cuting in a subroutine \(a shell function or a shell script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .488(cuted by the).15 F F1(.)2.988 E F0(or)2.988 E F1 -(sour)220 362.4 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G +(sour)220 398.4 Q(ce)-.18 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G (iltins\), the shell simulates a call to).2 E F1 -.18(re)2.5 G(tur).18 E -(n)-.15 E F0(.)A F1(4.)184 379.2 Q F2 -.27(BA)220 379.2 S(SH_ARGC).27 E +(n)-.15 E F0(.)A F1(4.)184 415.2 Q F2 -.27(BA)220 415.2 S(SH_ARGC).27 E F0(and)3.153 E F2 -.27(BA)3.403 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0 .904 -(are updated as described in their descriptions)3.154 F(abo)220 391.2 Q --.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 408 Q F0 1.637(Function tracing is ena\ -bled: command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)220 408 R -(shells in)220 420 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1 +(are updated as described in their descriptions)3.154 F(abo)220 427.2 Q +-.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E F1(5.)184 444 Q F0 1.637(Function tracing is ena\ +bled: command substitution, shell functions, and sub-)220 444 R +(shells in)220 456 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1 (\()2.5 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 (inherit the)2.5 E F1(DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.1 E F0(and)2.5 E F1(RETURN)2.5 E F0 -(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)184 436.8 Q F0 1.082(Error tracing is enabled: comm\ -and substitution, shell functions, and subshells)220 436.8 R(in)220 -448.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4 +(traps.)2.5 E F1(6.)184 472.8 Q F0 1.082(Error tracing is enabled: comm\ +and substitution, shell functions, and subshells)220 472.8 R(in)220 +484.8 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 2.5(dw).1 G(ith)-2.5 E F1(\()2.5 E F4 (command)2.5 E F1(\))2.5 E F0(inherit the)2.5 E F1(ERR)2.5 E F0(trap.) -2.5 E F1(extglob)144 465.6 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)184 465.6 R .4 +2.5 E F1(extglob)144 501.6 Q F0 .4(If set, the e)184 501.6 R .4 (xtended pattern matching features described abo)-.15 F .7 -.15(ve u) --.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 477.6 Q -F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 494.4 Q F0 .86(If set,)184 506.4 R +-.15 H(nder).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.9 G .4(thname Expan-).1 F(sion)184 513.6 Q +F0(are enabled.)2.5 E F1(extquote)144 530.4 Q F0 .86(If set,)184 542.4 R F1($)3.36 E F0<08>A F4(string)A F0 3.36<0861>C(nd)-3.36 E F1($)3.36 E F0 (")A F4(string)A F0 3.36("q)C .86(uoting is performed within)-3.36 F F1 (${)3.36 E F4(par)A(ameter)-.15 E F1(})A F0 -.15(ex)3.36 G .86 -(pansions en-).15 F(closed in double quotes.)184 518.4 Q -(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 535.2 Q -F0 .243(If set, patterns which f)184 535.2 R .243 +(pansions en-).15 F(closed in double quotes.)184 554.4 Q +(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(failglob)144 571.2 Q +F0 .243(If set, patterns which f)184 571.2 R .243 (ail to match \214lenames during pathname e)-.1 F .243 -(xpansion result in an e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E(pansion error)184 547.2 Q(.) --.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 564 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 -.936(If set, the suf)184 576 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) +(xpansion result in an e)-.15 F(x-)-.15 E(pansion error)184 583.2 Q(.) +-.55 E F1 -.25(fo)144 600 S -.18(rc).25 G(e_\214gnor).18 E(e)-.18 E F0 +.936(If set, the suf)184 612 R<8c78>-.25 E .936(es speci\214ed by the) -.15 F F2(FIGNORE)3.436 E F0 .936(shell v)3.186 F .936(ariable cause w) --.25 F .937(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 588 R .32 +-.25 F .937(ords to be ignored)-.1 F .32(when performing w)184 624 R .32 (ord completion e)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.82(ni).15 G 2.82(ft)-2.82 G .32 (he ignored w)-2.82 F .32(ords are the only possible com-)-.1 F 2.947 -(pletions. See)184 600 R F2 .447(SHELL V)2.947 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 +(pletions. See)184 636 R F2 .447(SHELL V)2.947 F(ARIABLES)-1.215 E F0 (abo)2.697 E .747 -.15(ve f)-.15 H .448(or a description of).15 F F2 (FIGNORE)2.948 E F3(.)A F0 .448(This option is)4.948 F(enabled by def) -184 612 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 628.8 Q F0 2.519 -(If set, range e)184 640.8 R 2.519 +184 648 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(globasciiranges)144 664.8 Q F0 2.519 +(If set, range e)184 676.8 R 2.519 (xpressions used in pattern matching brack)-.15 F 2.518(et e)-.1 F 2.518 (xpressions \(see)-.15 F F2 -.09(Pa)5.018 G(tter).09 E(n)-.135 E -(Matching)184 652.8 Q F0(abo)2.964 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.214(\)b).15 G(eha) +(Matching)184 688.8 Q F0(abo)2.964 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.214(\)b).15 G(eha) -3.214 E 1.014 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.214(si).15 G 3.214(fi)-3.214 G 3.214 (nt)-3.214 G .714(he traditional C locale when performing comparisons.) --3.214 F 1.02(That is, the current locale')184 664.8 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G +-3.214 F 1.02(That is, the current locale')184 700.8 R 3.52(sc)-.55 G 1.02(ollating sequence is not tak)-3.52 F 1.02(en into account, so)-.1 F -F1(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .956(collate between)184 676.8 R F1 +F1(b)3.52 E F0 1.02(will not)3.52 F .956(collate between)184 712.8 R F1 (A)3.456 E F0(and)3.456 E F1(B)3.456 E F0 3.457(,a)C .957(nd upper) -3.457 F .957(-case and lo)-.2 F(wer)-.25 E .957 -(-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 688.8 Q(.)-.55 E -F1(globstar)144 705.6 Q F0 .519(If set, the pattern)184 705.6 R F1(**) -3.019 E F0 .519(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F -.518(xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .431 -(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 717.6 R .431 -(If the pattern is follo)5.431 F .432(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.932 E F0 -2.932(,o)C .432(nly directories)-2.932 F(and subdirectories match.)184 -729.6 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(19)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +(-case ASCII characters will collate)-.2 F(together)184 724.8 Q(.)-.55 E +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(19)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 20 20 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(gnu_errfmt)144 84 Q -F0(If set, shell error messages are written in the standard GNU error m\ -essage format.)184 96 Q F1(histappend)144 112.8 Q F0 .676 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(globstar)144 84 Q F0 +.519(If set, the pattern)184 84 R F1(**)3.019 E F0 .519 +(used in a pathname e)3.019 F .519(xpansion conte)-.15 F .518 +(xt will match all \214les and zero)-.15 F .431 +(or more directories and subdirectories.)184 96 R .431 +(If the pattern is follo)5.431 F .432(wed by a)-.25 F F1(/)2.932 E F0 +2.932(,o)C .432(nly directories)-2.932 F(and subdirectories match.)184 +108 Q F1(gnu_errfmt)144 124.8 Q F0(If set, shell error messages are wri\ +tten in the standard GNU error message format.)184 136.8 Q F1 +(histappend)144 153.6 Q F0 .676 (If set, the history list is appended to the \214le named by the v)184 -124.8 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 --.25(va)2.926 G(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 136.8 Q +165.6 R .676(alue of the)-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(HISTFILE)3.176 E F0 +-.25(va)2.926 G(ri-).25 E(able when the shell e)184 177.6 Q (xits, rather than o)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(rwriting the \214le.).15 E F1 -(histr)144 153.6 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 .575(If set, and)184 165.6 R F1 -.18 +(histr)144 194.4 Q(eedit)-.18 E F0 .575(If set, and)184 206.4 R F1 -.18 (re)3.075 G(adline).18 E F0 .575(is being used, a user is gi)3.075 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.075(nt).15 G .576(he opportunity to re-edit a f)-3.075 -F .576(ailed his-)-.1 F(tory substitution.)184 177.6 Q F1(histv)144 -194.4 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403(If set, and)184 206.4 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G +F .576(ailed his-)-.1 F(tory substitution.)184 218.4 Q F1(histv)144 +235.2 Q(erify)-.1 E F0 .403(If set, and)184 247.2 R F1 -.18(re)2.903 G (adline).18 E F0 .403 (is being used, the results of history substitution are not immediately) -2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 218.4 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 +2.903 F .661(passed to the shell parser)184 259.2 R 5.661(.I)-.55 G .662 (nstead, the resulting line is loaded into the)-5.661 F F1 -.18(re)3.162 -G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 230.4 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 +G(adline).18 E F0(editing)3.162 E -.2(bu)184 271.2 S -.25(ff).2 G(er).25 E 2.5(,a)-.4 G(llo)-2.5 E(wing further modi\214cation.)-.25 E F1 -(hostcomplete)144 247.2 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 259.2 R F1 -.18(re) -3.682 G(adline).18 E F0 1.182(is being used,)3.682 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 -1.181(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.681 F 1.38(when a w) -184 271.2 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 +(hostcomplete)144 288 Q F0 1.182(If set, and)184 300 R F1 -.18(re)3.682 +G(adline).18 E F0 1.182(is being used,)3.682 F F1(bash)3.682 E F0 1.181 +(will attempt to perform hostname completion)3.681 F 1.38(when a w)184 +312 R 1.38(ord containing a)-.1 F F1(@)3.881 E F0 1.381 (is being completed \(see)3.881 F F1(Completing)3.881 E F0(under)3.881 E -F2(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 283.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F -(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 300 Q F0(If set,) -184 312 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F2(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 +F2(READLINE)3.881 E F0(abo)184 324 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(\). This).15 F +(is enabled by def)2.5 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(huponexit)144 340.8 Q F0 +(If set,)184 352.8 Q F1(bash)2.5 E F0(will send)2.5 E F2(SIGHUP)2.5 E F0 (to all jobs when an interacti)2.25 E .3 -.15(ve l)-.25 H(ogin shell e) -.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(inherit_err)144 328.8 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 .22 -(If set, command substitution inherits the v)184 340.8 R .219 +.15 E(xits.)-.15 E F1(inherit_err)144 369.6 Q(exit)-.18 E F0 .22 +(If set, command substitution inherits the v)184 381.6 R .219 (alue of the)-.25 F F1(err)2.719 E(exit)-.18 E F0 .219 -(option, instead of unsetting)2.719 F(it in the subshell en)184 352.8 Q +(option, instead of unsetting)2.719 F(it in the subshell en)184 393.6 Q 2.5(vironment. This)-.4 F(option is enabled when)2.5 E/F3 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(posix mode)2.5 E F0(is enabled.)2.5 E F1(interacti) -144 369.6 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 .33(If set, allo)184 381.6 R +144 410.4 Q -.1(ve)-.1 G(_comments).1 E F0 .33(If set, allo)184 422.4 R 2.83(waw)-.25 G .33(ord be)-2.93 F .33(ginning with)-.15 F F1(#)2.83 E F0 .33(to cause that w)2.83 F .33(ord and all remaining characters on) --.1 F .967(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 393.6 R 1.267 +-.1 F .967(that line to be ignored in an interacti)184 434.4 R 1.267 -.15(ve s)-.25 H .967(hell \(see).15 F F2(COMMENTS)3.467 E F0(abo)3.217 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.467(\). This).15 F .967(option is)3.467 F -(enabled by def)184 405.6 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 422.4 Q F0 .066 -(If set, and job control is not acti)184 422.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566 +(enabled by def)184 446.4 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1(lastpipe)144 463.2 Q F0 .066 +(If set, and job control is not acti)184 463.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.566 (,t).15 G .066(he shell runs the last command of a pipeline not e)-2.566 F -.15(xe)-.15 G(-).15 E -(cuted in the background in the current shell en)184 434.4 Q(vironment.) --.4 E F1(lithist)144 451.2 Q F0 .655(If set, and the)184 451.2 R F1 -(cmdhist)3.155 E F0 .654(option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa) -3.154 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history) --3.154 F(with embedded ne)184 463.2 Q +(cuted in the background in the current shell en)184 475.2 Q(vironment.) +-.4 E F1(lithist)144 492 Q F0 .655(If set, and the)184 492 R F1(cmdhist) +3.155 E F0 .654(option is enabled, multi-line commands are sa)3.154 F +-.15(ve)-.2 G 3.154(dt).15 G 3.154(ot)-3.154 G .654(he history)-3.154 F +(with embedded ne)184 504 Q (wlines rather than using semicolon separators where possible.)-.25 E F1 -(localv)144 480 Q(ar_inherit)-.1 E F0 .421(If set, local v)184 492 R +(localv)144 520.8 Q(ar_inherit)-.1 E F0 .421(If set, local v)184 532.8 R .422(ariables inherit the v)-.25 F .422(alue and attrib)-.25 F .422 (utes of a v)-.2 F .422(ariable of the same name that)-.25 F -.15(ex)184 -504 S .174(ists at a pre).15 F .174(vious scope before an)-.25 F 2.673 +544.8 S .174(ists at a pre).15 F .174(vious scope before an)-.25 F 2.673 (yn)-.15 G .673 -.25(ew va)-2.673 H .173(lue is assigned.).25 F .173 -(The nameref attrib)5.173 F .173(ute is not)-.2 F(inherited.)184 516 Q -F1(localv)144 532.8 Q(ar_unset)-.1 E F0 .328(If set, calling)184 544.8 R +(The nameref attrib)5.173 F .173(ute is not)-.2 F(inherited.)184 556.8 Q +F1(localv)144 573.6 Q(ar_unset)-.1 E F0 .328(If set, calling)184 585.6 R F1(unset)2.828 E F0 .328(on local v)2.828 F .329(ariables in pre)-.25 F .329(vious function scopes marks them so subse-)-.25 F .543(quent looku\ ps \214nd them unset until that function returns. This is identical to \ -the beha)184 556.8 R(v-)-.2 E(ior of unsetting local v)184 568.8 Q -(ariables at the current function scope.)-.25 E F1(login_shell)144 585.6 +the beha)184 597.6 R(v-)-.2 E(ior of unsetting local v)184 609.6 Q +(ariables at the current function scope.)-.25 E F1(login_shell)144 626.4 Q F0 .486 (The shell sets this option if it is started as a login shell \(see)184 -597.6 R F2(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve) --.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 609.6 S(lue may not be changed.) -.25 E F1(mailwar)144 626.4 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815(If set, and a \214le that) -184 638.4 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 +638.4 R F2(INV)2.987 E(OCA)-.405 E(TION)-.855 E F0(abo)2.737 E -.15(ve) +-.15 G 2.987(\). The).15 F -.25(va)184 650.4 S(lue may not be changed.) +.25 E F1(mailwar)144 667.2 Q(n)-.15 E F0 .815(If set, and a \214le that) +184 679.2 R F1(bash)3.315 E F0 .814 (is checking for mail has been accessed since the last time it)3.315 F --.1(wa)184 650.4 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E +-.1(wa)184 691.2 S 2.5(sc).1 G(heck)-2.5 E(ed, the message `)-.1 E (`The mail in)-.74 E F3(mail\214le)2.5 E F0(has been read')2.5 E 2.5('i) --.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E F1(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 -667.2 Q F0 .324(If set, and)184 679.2 R F1 -.18(re)2.824 G(adline).18 E -F0 .324(is being used,)2.824 F F1(bash)2.824 E F0 .324 -(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F F2 -.666(PA)2.825 G(TH)-.189 E -F0 .325(for possible)2.575 F -(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 691.2 Q -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(20)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +-.74 G 2.5(sd)-2.5 G(isplayed.)-2.5 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20) +149.565 E(20)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 21 21 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(nocaseglob)144 84 Q -F0 .437(If set,)184 96 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 .436 -(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.937 F .736 -.15(ve f)-.25 -H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 108 S +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF +(no_empty_cmd_completion)144 84 Q F0 .324(If set, and)184 96 R F1 -.18 +(re)2.824 G(adline).18 E F0 .324(is being used,)2.824 F F1(bash)2.824 E +F0 .324(will not attempt to search the)2.824 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +-.666(PA)2.825 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .325(for possible)2.575 F +(completions when completion is attempted on an empty line.)184 108 Q F1 +(nocaseglob)144 124.8 Q F0 .437(If set,)184 136.8 R F1(bash)2.937 E F0 +.436(matches \214lenames in a case\255insensiti)2.937 F .736 -.15(ve f) +-.25 H .436(ashion when performing pathname).05 F -.15(ex)184 148.8 S (pansion \(see).15 E F1 -.1(Pa)2.5 G(thname Expansion).1 E F0(abo)2.5 E --.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 124.8 Q F0 1.193(If set,)184 -136.8 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194 +-.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E F1(nocasematch)144 165.6 Q F0 1.193(If set,)184 +177.6 R F1(bash)3.693 E F0 1.194 (matches patterns in a case\255insensiti)3.693 F 1.494 -.15(ve f)-.25 H -1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 F .551(while e)184 148.8 R +1.194(ashion when performing matching).05 F .551(while e)184 189.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G(cuting).15 E F1(case)3.051 E F0(or)3.051 E F1([[)3.051 E F0 .551(conditional commands, when performing pattern substitution)3.051 -F -.1(wo)184 160.8 S .622(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering\ +F -.1(wo)184 201.6 S .622(rd e).1 F .623(xpansions, or when \214ltering\ possible completions as part of programmable com-)-.15 F(pletion.)184 -172.8 Q F1(nullglob)144 189.6 Q F0 .855(If set,)184 201.6 R F1(bash) +213.6 Q F1(nullglob)144 230.4 Q F0 .855(If set,)184 242.4 R F1(bash) 3.355 E F0(allo)3.355 E .855(ws patterns which match no \214les \(see) -.25 F F1 -.1(Pa)3.354 G .854(thname Expansion).1 F F0(abo)3.354 E -.15 -(ve)-.15 G 3.354(\)t).15 G(o)-3.354 E -.15(ex)184 213.6 S +(ve)-.15 G 3.354(\)t).15 G(o)-3.354 E -.15(ex)184 254.4 S (pand to a null string, rather than themselv).15 E(es.)-.15 E F1(pr)144 -230.4 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .676(If set, the programmable completion f)184 -242.4 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.177 E .677 +271.2 Q(ogcomp)-.18 E F0 .676(If set, the programmable completion f)184 +283.2 R .677(acilities \(see)-.1 F F1(Pr)3.177 E .677 (ogrammable Completion)-.18 F F0(abo)3.177 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\)).15 E -(are enabled.)184 254.4 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E -F1(pr)144 271.2 Q(ogcomp_alias)-.18 E F0 2.124 -(If set, and programmable completion is enabled,)184 283.2 R F1(bash) -4.624 E F0 2.124(treats a command name that)4.624 F(doesn')184 295.2 Q -3.288(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-3.288 H(an)3.488 E 3.288(yc)-.15 G .789 +(are enabled.)184 295.2 Q(This option is enabled by def)5 E(ault.)-.1 E +F1(pr)144 312 Q(ogcomp_alias)-.18 E F0 2.124 +(If set, and programmable completion is enabled,)184 324 R F1(bash)4.624 +E F0 2.124(treats a command name that)4.624 F(doesn')184 336 Q 3.288(th) +-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)-3.288 H(an)3.488 E 3.288(yc)-.15 G .789 (ompletions as a possible alias and attempts alias e)-3.288 F .789 -(xpansion. If it has)-.15 F 1.473(an alias,)184 307.2 R F1(bash)3.973 E -F0 1.473(attempts programmable completion using the command w)3.973 F -1.473(ord resulting)-.1 F(from the e)184 319.2 Q(xpanded alias.)-.15 E -F1(pr)144 336 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.447 -(If set, prompt strings under)184 348 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F -1.448(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 360 -S .171(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G .17 -(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in)-.15 F/F2 9 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(PR)2.67 E(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.42 E -.15(ve)-.15 G -(.).15 E(This option is enabled by def)184 372 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re) -144 388.8 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 +(xpansion. If it has)-.15 F 1.473(an alias,)184 348 R F1(bash)3.973 E F0 +1.473(attempts programmable completion using the command w)3.973 F 1.473 +(ord resulting)-.1 F(from the e)184 360 Q(xpanded alias.)-.15 E F1(pr) +144 376.8 Q(omptv)-.18 E(ars)-.1 E F0 1.447 +(If set, prompt strings under)184 388.8 R 1.448(go parameter e)-.18 F +1.448(xpansion, command substitution, arithmetic)-.15 F -.15(ex)184 +400.8 S .171(pansion, and quote remo).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.67(la).25 G +.17(fter being e)-2.67 F .17(xpanded as described in)-.15 F F2(PR)2.67 E +(OMPTING)-.27 E F0(abo)2.42 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E +(This option is enabled by def)184 412.8 Q(ault.)-.1 E F1 -.18(re)144 +429.6 S(stricted_shell).18 E F0 1.069 (The shell sets this option if it is started in restricted mode \(see) -184 400.8 R F2 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 412.8 Q 2.86 +184 441.6 R F2 1.069(RESTRICTED SHELL)3.569 F F0(belo)184 453.6 Q 2.86 (w\). The)-.25 F -.25(va)2.86 G .36(lue may not be changed.).25 F .36 (This is not reset when the startup \214les are e)5.36 F -.15(xe)-.15 G -(-).15 E(cuted, allo)184 424.8 Q(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 +(-).15 E(cuted, allo)184 465.6 Q(wing the startup \214les to disco)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rw).15 G(hether or not a shell is restricted.)-2.5 -E F1(shift_v)144 441.6 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .501(If set, the)184 453.6 R F1 +E F1(shift_v)144 482.4 Q(erbose)-.1 E F0 .501(If set, the)184 494.4 R F1 (shift)3.001 E F0 -.2(bu)3.001 G .501 (iltin prints an error message when the shift count e).2 F .502 -(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 465.6 Q F1(sour) -144 482.4 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .771(If set, the)184 494.4 R F1(sour)3.271 +(xceeds the number)-.15 F(of positional parameters.)184 506.4 Q F1(sour) +144 523.2 Q(cepath)-.18 E F0 .771(If set, the)184 535.2 R F1(sour)3.271 E(ce)-.18 E F0(\()3.271 E F1(.)A F0 3.271(\)b)C .771(uiltin uses the v) -3.471 F .771(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.666(PA)3.27 G(TH)-.189 E F0 .77 (to \214nd the directory containing the)3.02 F(\214le supplied as an ar) -184 506.4 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F(option is enabled by def)2.5 E -(ault.)-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 523.2 Q F0(If set, the)184 535.2 Q F1(echo) -2.5 E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E -(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def)-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend) -108 552 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A 1.001(Suspend the e)144 564 R -.15 -(xe)-.15 G 1.001(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 -G 3.501(sa).15 G F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.502(signal. A)3.252 F 1.002 -(login shell cannot be)3.502 F .023(suspended; the)144 576 R F1<ad66> -2.523 E F0 .023(option can be used to o)2.523 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 +184 547.2 Q 2.5(gument. This)-.18 F(option is enabled by def)2.5 E +(ault.)-.1 E F1(xpg_echo)144 564 Q F0(If set, the)184 576 Q F1(echo)2.5 +E F0 -.2(bu)2.5 G(iltin e).2 E(xpands backslash-escape sequences by def) +-.15 E(ault.)-.1 E F1(suspend)108 592.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad66>A F0(])A +1.001(Suspend the e)144 604.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G 1.001 +(cution of this shell until it recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.501(sa).15 G +F2(SIGCONT)A F0 3.502(signal. A)3.252 F 1.002(login shell cannot be) +3.502 F .023(suspended; the)144 616.8 R F1<ad66>2.523 E F0 .023 +(option can be used to o)2.523 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .022 (rride this and force the suspension.).15 F .022(The return status is) -5.022 F 2.5(0u)144 588 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E F1 -<ad66>2.5 E F0(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 E -F1(test)108 604.8 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([) -108 616.8 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .877 -(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 616.8 R .878 +5.022 F 2.5(0u)144 628.8 S(nless the shell is a login shell and)-2.5 E +F1<ad66>2.5 E F0(is not supplied, or if job control is not enabled.)2.5 +E F1(test)108 645.6 Q/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1([) +108 657.6 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(])2.5 E F0 .877 +(Return a status of 0 \(true\) or 1 \(f)144 657.6 R .878 (alse\) depending on the e)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .878 -(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)144 628.8 +(luation of the conditional e).25 F(xpression)-.15 E F3 -.2(ex)144 669.6 S(pr).2 E F0 5.53(.E).73 G .53 (ach operator and operand must be a separate ar)-5.53 F 3.03 (gument. Expressions)-.18 F .53(are composed of the)3.03 F .072 -(primaries described in the)144 640.8 R F1(bash)2.573 E F0 .073 +(primaries described in the)144 681.6 R F1(bash)2.573 E F0 .073 (manual page under)2.573 F F2(CONDITION)2.573 E .073(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.)A F1(test)4.573 E F0 .073(does not)2.573 F -.695(accept an)144 652.8 R 3.195(yo)-.15 G .695 +.695(accept an)144 693.6 R 3.195(yo)-.15 G .695 (ptions, nor does it accept and ignore an ar)-3.195 F .694(gument of) -.18 F F1<adad>3.194 E F0 .694(as signifying the end of op-)3.194 F -(tions.)144 664.8 Q .785(Expressions may be combined using the follo)144 -682.8 R .786(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of prece-)-.25 F -3.412(dence. The)144 694.8 R -.25(eva)3.412 G .912 -(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F .911(guments; see belo)-.18 F -4.711 -.65(w. O)-.25 H .911(perator precedence is).65 F -(used when there are \214v)144 706.8 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm)-2.5 G -(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E F1(!)144 718.8 Q F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E -F0 -.35(Tr)180 718.8 S(ue if).35 E F3 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 -E(alse.)-.1 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(21)198.725 E 0 -Cg EP +(tions.)144 705.6 Q 3.141(Expressions may be combined using the follo) +144 723.6 R 3.141(wing operators, listed in decreasing order of)-.25 F +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(21)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 22 22 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\()144 84 Q/F2 10 -/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26 -(Returns the v)180 84 R .26(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 -5.26(.T)C .26(his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 -(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 96 Q F2 -.2(ex) -144 108 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35 -(Tr)180 120 S(ue if both).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F2 --.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F2 -.2(ex)144 132 S(pr1).2 E -F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 144 S +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 4.114(precedence. The)144 84 R -.25(eva) +4.114 G 1.613(luation depends on the number of ar).25 F 1.613 +(guments; see belo)-.18 F 5.413 -.65(w. O)-.25 H 1.613(perator prece-) +.65 F(dence is used when there are \214v)144 96 Q 2.5(eo)-.15 G 2.5(rm) +-2.5 G(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments.)-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(!)144 108 Q +/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 108 S +(ue if).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F0(is f)3.23 E(alse.)-.1 E F1(\() +144 120 Q F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr).2 E F1(\))2.5 E F0 .26(Returns the v)180 +120 R .26(alue of)-.25 F F2 -.2(ex)2.76 G(pr).2 E F0 5.26(.T)C .26 +(his may be used to o)-5.26 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .26 +(rride the normal precedence of opera-).15 F(tors.)180 132 Q F2 -.2(ex) +144 144 S(pr1).2 E F0<ad>2.5 E F1(a)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35 +(Tr)180 156 S(ue if both).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(and)2.5 E F2 +-.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0(are true.)2.52 E F2 -.2(ex)144 168 S(pr1).2 E +F0<ad>2.5 E F1(o)A F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr2).2 E F0 -.35(Tr)180 180 S (ue if either).35 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G(pr1).2 E F0(or)2.5 E F2 -.2(ex)2.5 G -(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 160.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E +(pr2).2 E F0(is true.)2.52 E F1(test)144 196.8 Q F0(and)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 -.25(eva)2.5 G(luate conditional e).25 E (xpressions using a set of rules based on the number of ar)-.15 E -(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 178.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) -180 190.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 202.8 S -.18 -(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 214.8 Q +(guments.)-.18 E 2.5(0a)144 214.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E(The e) +180 226.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(1a)144 238.8 S -.18 +(rg)-2.5 G(ument).18 E(The e)180 250.8 Q (xpression is true if and only if the ar)-.15 E(gument is not null.)-.18 -E 2.5(2a)144 226.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) -180 238.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 +E 2.5(2a)144 262.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .37(If the \214rst ar) +180 274.8 R .37(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.87 E F0 2.87(,t)C .37(he e)-2.87 F .37(xpression is true if and only if the second ar)-.15 F .37 -(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 250.8 R .38 +(gument is null.)-.18 F .379(If the \214rst ar)180 286.8 R .38 (gument is one of the unary conditional operators listed abo)-.18 F .68 -.15(ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(CONDI-)2.88 E(TION)180 -262.8 Q .553(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .552 +298.8 Q .553(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .552 (the e)2.802 F .552(xpression is true if the unary test is true.)-.15 F -.552(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 274.8 Q +.552(If the \214rst ar)5.552 F(gu-)-.18 E(ment is not a v)180 310.8 Q (alid unary conditional operator)-.25 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G(he e)-2.5 E -(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 286.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G -(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 298.8 R .236 +(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(3a)144 322.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G +(uments).18 E .236(The follo)180 334.8 R .236 (wing conditions are applied in the order listed.)-.25 F .236 (If the second ar)5.236 F .236(gument is one of)-.18 F .855 -(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 310.8 R 1.155 -.15 +(the binary conditional operators listed abo)180 346.8 R 1.155 -.15 (ve u)-.15 H(nder).15 E F3(CONDITION)3.355 E .855(AL EXPRESSIONS)-.18 F -F4(,)A F0(the)3.104 E .578(result of the e)180 322.8 R .578(xpression i\ +F4(,)A F0(the)3.104 E .578(result of the e)180 358.8 R .578(xpression i\ s the result of the binary test using the \214rst and third ar)-.15 F -(guments)-.18 E 1.333(as operands.)180 334.8 R(The)6.333 E F1<ad61>3.833 +(guments)-.18 E 1.333(as operands.)180 370.8 R(The)6.333 E F1<ad61>3.833 E F0(and)3.833 E F1<ad6f>3.832 E F0 1.332 (operators are considered binary operators when there are)3.832 F .558 -(three ar)180 346.8 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 +(three ar)180 382.8 R 3.058(guments. If)-.18 F .558(the \214rst ar)3.058 F .558(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)3.058 E F0 3.058(,t)C .558(he v)-3.058 F .558(alue is the ne)-.25 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .558(tion of the tw).05 F (o-ar)-.1 E(gument)-.18 E .521(test using the second and third ar)180 -358.8 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .52 +394.8 R 3.021(guments. If)-.18 F .521(the \214rst ar)3.021 F .52 (gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\()3.02 E F0 .52(and the third)3.02 -F(ar)180 370.8 Q .485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 E F0 +F(ar)180 406.8 Q .485(gument is e)-.18 F(xactly)-.15 E F1(\))2.985 E F0 2.985(,t)C .485(he result is the one-ar)-2.985 F .485 (gument test of the second ar)-.18 F 2.985(gument. Other)-.18 F(-)-.2 E -(wise, the e)180 382.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 -394.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .385(If the \214rst ar)180 406.8 R +(wise, the e)180 418.8 Q(xpression is f)-.15 E(alse.)-.1 E 2.5(4a)144 +430.8 S -.18(rg)-2.5 G(uments).18 E .385(If the \214rst ar)180 442.8 R .385(gument is)-.18 F F1(!)2.885 E F0 2.885(,t)C .385 (he result is the ne)-2.885 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .384(tion of the three-ar) .05 F .384(gument e)-.18 F .384(xpression com-)-.15 F .284 -(posed of the remaining ar)180 418.8 R 2.784(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F +(posed of the remaining ar)180 454.8 R 2.784(guments. Otherwise,)-.18 F .284(the e)2.784 F .284(xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G .285(luated ac-).25 F(cording to precedence using the rules listed abo) -180 430.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 442.8 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G -(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 454.8 R 1.635 +180 466.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E 2.5(5o)144 478.8 S 2.5(rm)-2.5 G +(ore ar)-2.5 E(guments)-.18 E 1.635(The e)180 490.8 R 1.635 (xpression is parsed and e)-.15 F -.25(va)-.25 G 1.635 (luated according to precedence using the rules listed).25 F(abo)180 -466.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 484.8 Q F1(test)2.5 E +502.8 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(.).15 E(When used with)144 520.8 Q F1(test)2.5 E F0(or)2.5 E F1([)2.5 E F0 2.5(,t)C(he)-2.5 E F1(<)2.5 E F0(and)2.5 E F1 (>)2.5 E F0(operators sort le)2.5 E -(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F1(times)108 501.6 Q F0 +(xicographically using ASCII ordering.)-.15 E F1(times)108 537.6 Q F0 1.229(Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for\ - processes run from the shell.)144 501.6 R(The return status is 0.)144 -513.6 Q F1(trap)108 530.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E + processes run from the shell.)144 537.6 R(The return status is 0.)144 +549.6 Q F1(trap)108 566.4 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255lp)A F0 2.5(][)C([)-2.5 E F2(ar)A(g)-.37 E F0(])A F2(sigspec)2.5 E F0(...])2.5 E .683(The command) -144 542.4 R F2(ar)3.513 E(g)-.37 E F0 .683(is to be read and e)3.403 F +144 578.4 R F2(ar)3.513 E(g)-.37 E F0 .683(is to be read and e)3.403 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .682(cuted when the shell recei).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.182(ss).15 G(ignal\(s\))-3.182 E F2(sigspec)3.522 E F0 5.682(.I).31 G (f)-5.682 E F2(ar)3.512 E(g)-.37 E F0(is)3.402 E .608 -(absent \(and there is a single)144 554.4 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108 +(absent \(and there is a single)144 590.4 R F2(sigspec)3.108 E F0 3.108 (\)o)C(r)-3.108 E F1<ad>3.108 E F0 3.108(,e)C .608 (ach speci\214ed signal is reset to its original disposition)-3.108 F -.659(\(the v)144 566.4 R .659(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) +.659(\(the v)144 602.4 R .659(alue it had upon entrance to the shell\).) -.25 F(If)5.658 E F2(ar)3.488 E(g)-.37 E F0 .658 (is the null string the signal speci\214ed by each)3.378 F F2(sigspec) -144.34 578.4 Q F0 .58(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in) +144.34 614.4 Q F0 .58(is ignored by the shell and by the commands it in) 3.39 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.081(s. If).1 F F2(ar)3.411 E(g)-.37 E F0 .581(is not present and)3.301 F F1<ad70>3.081 E F0(has)3.081 E 1.215 -(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 590.4 R +(been supplied, then the trap commands associated with each)144 626.4 R F2(sigspec)4.054 E F0 1.214(are displayed.)4.024 F 1.214(If no ar)6.214 -F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 602.4 R F1<ad70>3.36 +F(gu-)-.18 E .86(ments are supplied or if only)144 638.4 R F1<ad70>3.36 E F0 .86(is gi)3.36 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,).15 E F1(trap)3.36 E F0 .86 (prints the list of commands associated with each)3.36 F 2.83 -(signal. The)144 614.4 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ +(signal. The)144 650.4 R F1<ad6c>2.83 E F0 .33(option causes the shell \ to print a list of signal names and their corresponding num-)2.83 F 4.31 -(bers. Each)144 626.4 R F2(sigspec)4.65 E F0 1.811 +(bers. Each)144 662.4 R F2(sigspec)4.65 E F0 1.811 (is either a signal name de\214ned in <)4.62 F F2(signal.h)A F0 1.811 (>, or a signal number)B 6.811(.S)-.55 G(ignal)-6.811 E -(names are case insensiti)144 638.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E -F3(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E .667(If a)144 656.4 R F2 +(names are case insensiti)144 674.4 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H(nd the).15 E +F3(SIG)2.5 E F0(pre\214x is optional.)2.25 E .667(If a)144 692.4 R F2 (sigspec)3.507 E F0(is)3.477 E F3(EXIT)3.167 E F0 .667 (\(0\) the command)2.917 F F2(ar)3.496 E(g)-.37 E F0 .666(is e)3.386 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .666(cuted on e).15 F .666(xit from the shell.)-.15 F .666(If a)5.666 F F2(sigspec)3.506 E F0(is)3.476 E F3(DE-)3.166 E -.09 -(BU)144 668.4 S(G).09 E F4(,)A F0 .483(the command)2.733 F F2(ar)3.313 E +(BU)144 704.4 S(G).09 E F4(,)A F0 .483(the command)2.733 F F2(ar)3.313 E (g)-.37 E F0 .483(is e)3.203 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .484(cuted before e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E F2 .484(simple command)2.984 F F0(,)A F2(for) 2.984 E F0(command,)2.984 E F2(case)2.984 E F0(command,)2.984 E F2 -(select)144 680.4 Q F0 .563(command, e)3.063 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .563 +(select)144 716.4 Q F0 .563(command, e)3.063 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .563 (ry arithmetic).15 F F2(for)3.063 E F0 .563 (command, and before the \214rst command e)3.063 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .562 -(cutes in a shell).15 F .622(function \(see)144 692.4 R F3 .622 +(cutes in a shell).15 F .622(function \(see)144 728.4 R F3 .622 (SHELL GRAMMAR)3.122 F F0(abo)2.872 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.122(\). Refer).15 F .622(to the description of the)3.122 F F1(extdeb)3.122 E(ug)-.2 E F0 -.622(option to the)3.122 F F1(shopt)144 704.4 Q F0 -.2(bu)2.996 G .496 -(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .496(fect on the)-.25 F F1(DEB)2.996 E -(UG)-.1 E F0 2.996(trap. If)2.996 F(a)2.996 E F2(sigspec)3.336 E F0(is) -3.306 E F3(RETURN)2.996 E F4(,)A F0 .496(the command)2.746 F F2(ar) -144.33 716.4 Q(g)-.37 E F0 .18(is e)2.9 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .18 -(cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .18 -(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.68 E F0(or)2.68 E F1(sour)2.68 E(ce)-.18 E -F0 -.2(bu)2.68 G .18(iltins \214nishes).2 F -.15(exe)144 728.4 S -(cuting.).15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(22)198.725 E -0 Cg EP +.622(option to the)3.122 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E +(22)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 23 23 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E .961(If a)144 84 R/F1 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -(sigspec)3.801 E F0(is)3.771 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF(ERR)3.461 E/F3 9 -/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .961(the command)3.211 F F1(ar)3.791 E(g)-.37 E -F0 .961(is e)3.681 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .961(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 -G 3.461(ra).15 G .96(pipeline \(which may consist of a)-.001 F .185(sin\ -gle simple command\), a list, or a compound command returns a non\255ze\ -ro e)144 96 R .185(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .452(the follo)144 108 -R .452(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.452 E F2(ERR)2.952 E F0 .451 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(shopt)144 84 Q F0 -.2 +(bu)2.996 G .496(iltin for details of its ef).2 F .496(fect on the)-.25 +F F1(DEB)2.996 E(UG)-.1 E F0 2.996(trap. If)2.996 F(a)2.996 E/F2 10 +/Times-Italic@0 SF(sigspec)3.336 E F0(is)3.306 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF +(RETURN)2.996 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F0 .496(the command)2.746 F F2 +(ar)144.33 96 Q(g)-.37 E F0 .18(is e)2.9 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .18 +(cuted each time a shell function or a script e).15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .18 +(cuted with the).15 F F1(.)2.68 E F0(or)2.68 E F1(sour)2.68 E(ce)-.18 E +F0 -.2(bu)2.68 G .18(iltins \214nishes).2 F -.15(exe)144 108 S(cuting.) +.15 E .961(If a)144 126 R F2(sigspec)3.801 E F0(is)3.771 E F3(ERR)3.461 +E F4(,)A F0 .961(the command)3.211 F F2(ar)3.791 E(g)-.37 E F0 .961 +(is e)3.681 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .961(cuted whene).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.461 +(ra).15 G .96(pipeline \(which may consist of a)-.001 F .185(single sim\ +ple command\), a list, or a compound command returns a non\255zero e)144 +138 R .185(xit status, subject to)-.15 F .452(the follo)144 150 R .452 +(wing conditions.)-.25 F(The)5.452 E F3(ERR)2.952 E F0 .451 (trap is not e)2.701 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .451(cuted if the f).15 F .451 (ailed command is part of the com-)-.1 F .387 -(mand list immediately follo)144 120 R .387(wing a)-.25 F/F4 10 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(while)2.887 E F0(or)2.887 E F4(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke) -2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F1(if)2.898 E -F0 .388(statement, part)4.848 F .778(of a command e)144 132 R -.15(xe) --.15 G .778(cuted in a).15 F F4(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F4(||)3.278 E -F0 .778(list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778 -(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F4(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F4(||)3.277 E F0 -3.277(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.277 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 144 R 1.28 +(mand list immediately follo)144 162 R .387(wing a)-.25 F F1(while)2.887 +E F0(or)2.887 E F1(until)2.888 E F0 -.1(ke)2.888 G(yw)-.05 E .388 +(ord, part of the test in an)-.1 F F2(if)2.898 E F0 .388 +(statement, part)4.848 F .778(of a command e)144 174 R -.15(xe)-.15 G +.778(cuted in a).15 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.278 E F0 .778 +(list e)3.278 F .778(xcept the command follo)-.15 F .778 +(wing the \214nal)-.25 F F1(&&)3.278 E F0(or)3.278 E F1(||)3.277 E F0 +3.277(,a)C -.15(ny)-3.277 G 1.28(command in a pipeline b)144 186 R 1.28 (ut the last, or if the command')-.2 F 3.78(sr)-.55 G 1.28(eturn v)-3.78 -F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F F4(!) -3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 156 Q(yed by the) --.15 E F4(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F4<ad65>A F0 2.5(\)o)C +F 1.28(alue is being in)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G 1.28(rted using).15 F F1(!) +3.78 E F0(.)A(These are the same conditions obe)144 198 Q(yed by the) +-.15 E F1(err)2.5 E(exit)-.18 E F0(\()2.5 E F1<ad65>A F0 2.5(\)o)C (ption.)-2.5 E .133 (Signals ignored upon entry to the shell cannot be trapped or reset.)144 -174 R -.35(Tr)5.132 G .132(apped signals that are not be-).35 F .117 -(ing ignored are reset to their original v)144 186 R .117 +216 R -.35(Tr)5.132 G .132(apped signals that are not be-).35 F .117 +(ing ignored are reset to their original v)144 228 R .117 (alues in a subshell or subshell en)-.25 F .117 -(vironment when one is cre-)-.4 F 2.5(ated. The)144 198 R -(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F1(sigspec)2.84 E F0 -(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid; otherwise).25 E F4(trap)2.5 E F0 -(returns true.)2.5 E F4(type)108 214.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F4(\255aftpP)A F0(]) -A F1(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F1(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 226.8 S -.174(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.674 E F1 +(vironment when one is cre-)-.4 F 2.5(ated. The)144 240 R +(return status is f)2.5 E(alse if an)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F2(sigspec)2.84 E F0 +(is in)2.81 E -.25(va)-.4 G(lid; otherwise).25 E F1(trap)2.5 E F0 +(returns true.)2.5 E F1(type)108 256.8 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255aftpP)A F0(]) +A F2(name)2.5 E F0([)2.5 E F2(name)A F0(...])2.5 E -.4(Wi)144 268.8 S +.174(th no options, indicate ho).4 F 2.674(we)-.25 G(ach)-2.674 E F2 (name)3.034 E F0 -.1(wo)2.854 G .173 (uld be interpreted if used as a command name.).1 F .173(If the)5.173 F -F4<ad74>144 238.8 Q F0 .715(option is used,)3.215 F F4(type)3.215 E F0 -.715(prints a string which is one of)3.215 F F1(alias)3.545 E F0(,).27 E -F1 -.1(ke)3.215 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F1(function)5.185 E F0 -(,).24 E F1 -.2(bu)3.215 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.215(,o).24 G(r)-3.215 E F1 -(\214le)5.125 E F0(if)3.395 E F1(name)144.36 250.8 Q F0 .087 +F1<ad74>144 280.8 Q F0 .715(option is used,)3.215 F F1(type)3.215 E F0 +.715(prints a string which is one of)3.215 F F2(alias)3.545 E F0(,).27 E +F2 -.1(ke)3.215 G(ywor)-.2 E(d)-.37 E F0(,).77 E F2(function)5.185 E F0 +(,).24 E F2 -.2(bu)3.215 G(iltin).2 E F0 3.215(,o).24 G(r)-3.215 E F2 +(\214le)5.125 E F0(if)3.395 E F2(name)144.36 292.8 Q F0 .087 (is an alias, shell reserv)2.767 F .087(ed w)-.15 F .087 (ord, function, b)-.1 F .086(uiltin, or disk \214le, respecti)-.2 F -.15 -(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F1 +(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.086(.I)-.65 G 2.586(ft)-5.086 G(he)-2.586 E F2 (name)2.946 E F0 .086(is not)2.766 F .118 -(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 262.8 R .118 +(found, then nothing is printed, and an e)144 304.8 R .118 (xit status of f)-.15 F .118(alse is returned.)-.1 F .119(If the)5.119 F -F4<ad70>2.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F4(type)2.619 E F0 .855 -(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 274.8 R .855 -(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F1(name)3.715 E F0 +F1<ad70>2.619 E F0 .119(option is used,)2.619 F F1(type)2.619 E F0 .855 +(either returns the name of the disk \214le that w)144 316.8 R .855 +(ould be e)-.1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .855(cuted if).15 F F2(name)3.715 E F0 .855(were speci\214ed as a com-)3.535 F .528(mand name, or nothing if) -144 286.8 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .528(type -t name)3.028 F F0 -.1(wo)3.028 -G .528(uld not return).1 F F1(\214le)4.938 E F0 5.528(.T).18 G(he)-5.528 -E F4<ad50>3.028 E F0 .529(option forces a)3.028 F F2 -.666(PA)3.029 G -(TH)-.189 E F0 .007(search for each)144 298.8 R F1(name)2.507 E F0 2.507 +144 328.8 R/F5 10/Courier@0 SF .528(type -t name)3.028 F F0 -.1(wo)3.028 +G .528(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)4.938 E F0 5.528(.T).18 G(he)-5.528 +E F1<ad50>3.028 E F0 .529(option forces a)3.028 F F3 -.666(PA)3.029 G +(TH)-.189 E F0 .007(search for each)144 340.8 R F2(name)2.507 E F0 2.507 (,e)C -.15(ve)-2.757 G 2.507(ni).15 G(f)-2.507 E F5 .007(type -t name) -2.507 F F0 -.1(wo)2.507 G .007(uld not return).1 F F1(\214le)4.417 E F0 -5.006(.I).18 G 2.506(fac)-5.006 G .006(ommand is hashed,)-2.506 F F4 -<ad70>2.506 E F0(and)144 310.8 Q F4<ad50>3.23 E F0 .73 +2.507 F F0 -.1(wo)2.507 G .007(uld not return).1 F F2(\214le)4.417 E F0 +5.006(.I).18 G 2.506(fac)-5.006 G .006(ommand is hashed,)-2.506 F F1 +<ad70>2.506 E F0(and)144 352.8 Q F1<ad50>3.23 E F0 .73 (print the hashed v)3.23 F .731 (alue, which is not necessarily the \214le that appears \214rst in)-.25 -F F2 -.666(PA)3.231 G(TH)-.189 E F3(.)A F0 .731(If the)5.231 F F4<ad61> -144 322.8 Q F0 .824(option is used,)3.324 F F4(type)3.324 E F0 .824 +F F3 -.666(PA)3.231 G(TH)-.189 E F4(.)A F0 .731(If the)5.231 F F1<ad61> +144 364.8 Q F0 .824(option is used,)3.324 F F1(type)3.324 E F0 .824 (prints all of the places that contain an e)3.324 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .823 -(cutable named).15 F F1(name)3.683 E F0 5.823(.T).18 G .823(his in-) +(cutable named).15 F F2(name)3.683 E F0 5.823(.T).18 G .823(his in-) -5.823 F 1.176(cludes aliases and functions, if and only if the)144 -334.8 R F4<ad70>3.676 E F0 1.176(option is not also used.)3.676 F 1.177 +376.8 R F1<ad70>3.676 E F0 1.176(option is not also used.)3.676 F 1.177 (The table of hashed)6.176 F 1.223(commands is not consulted when using) -144 346.8 R F4<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F4<ad66>3.723 E F0 +144 388.8 R F1<ad61>3.723 E F0 6.223(.T)C(he)-6.223 E F1<ad66>3.723 E F0 1.223(option suppresses shell function lookup, as)3.723 F .325(with the) -144 358.8 R F4(command)2.825 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G(iltin.).2 E F4(type) +144 400.8 R F1(command)2.825 E F0 -.2(bu)2.825 G(iltin.).2 E F1(type) 5.325 E F0 .325(returns true if all of the ar)2.825 F .326 (guments are found, f)-.18 F .326(alse if an)-.1 F 2.826(ya)-.15 G .326 -(re not)-2.826 F(found.)144 370.8 Q F4(ulimit)108 387.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F4 -(\255HSabcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPR)A(T)-.4 E F0([)2.5 E F1(limit)A F0(]])A -(Pro)144 399.6 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.744(rt).15 +(re not)-2.826 F(found.)144 412.8 Q F1(ulimit)108 429.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1 +(\255HSabcde\214klmnpqrstuvxPR)A(T)-.4 E F0([)2.5 E F2(limit)A F0(]])A +(Pro)144 441.6 Q .244(vides control o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.744(rt).15 G .244(he resources a)-2.744 F -.25(va)-.2 G .244 (ilable to the shell and to processes started by it, on systems).25 F -.943(that allo)144 411.6 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F -(The)5.943 E F4<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F4<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944 +.943(that allo)144 453.6 R 3.443(ws)-.25 G .943(uch control.)-3.443 F +(The)5.943 E F1<ad48>3.443 E F0(and)3.443 E F1<ad53>3.444 E F0 .944 (options specify that the hard or soft limit is set for the)3.444 F(gi) -144 423.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208 +144 465.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.709(nr).15 G 2.709(esource. A)-2.709 F .208 (hard limit cannot be increased by a non-root user once it is set; a so\ -ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 435.6 R .425 -(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F4<ad48>2.926 E -F0(nor)2.926 E F4<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426 +ft limit may)2.709 F .425(be increased up to the v)144 477.6 R .425 +(alue of the hard limit.)-.25 F .426(If neither)5.425 F F1<ad48>2.926 E +F0(nor)2.926 E F1<ad53>2.926 E F0 .426 (is speci\214ed, both the soft and)2.926 F .139(hard limits are set.)144 -447.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F1(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 +489.6 R .139(The v)5.139 F .139(alue of)-.25 F F2(limit)2.729 E F0 .139 (can be a number in the unit speci\214ed for the resource or one)3.319 F -.741(of the special v)144 459.6 R(alues)-.25 E F4(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F4 -(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F4(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) +.741(of the special v)144 501.6 R(alues)-.25 E F1(hard)3.241 E F0(,)A F1 +(soft)3.241 E F0 3.241(,o)C(r)-3.241 E F1(unlimited)3.241 E F0 3.241(,w) C .741(hich stand for the current hard limit, the current)-3.241 F .024 -(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 471.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E -5.023(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.023 E F1(limit)2.613 E F0 .023 +(soft limit, and no limit, respecti)144 513.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E +5.023(.I)-.65 G(f)-5.023 E F2(limit)2.613 E F0 .023 (is omitted, the current v)3.203 F .023 (alue of the soft limit of the re-)-.25 F .984 -(source is printed, unless the)144 483.6 R F4<ad48>3.484 E F0 .984 +(source is printed, unless the)144 525.6 R F1<ad48>3.484 E F0 .984 (option is gi)3.484 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.484(n. When).15 F .985 (more than one resource is speci\214ed, the)3.484 F -(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 495.6 Q 2.5 -(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F4 -<ad61>144 507.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)180 507.6 Q F4 -<ad62>144 519.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)180 519.6 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E -(fer size)-.25 E F4<ad63>144 531.6 Q F0 -(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 531.6 Q F4<ad64>144 543.6 -Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 543.6 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se) --2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F4<ad65>144 555.6 Q F0 -(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180 555.6 Q F4<ad66>144 -567.6 Q F0 +(limit name and unit are printed before the v)144 537.6 Q 2.5 +(alue. Other)-.25 F(options are interpreted as follo)2.5 E(ws:)-.25 E F1 +<ad61>144 549.6 Q F0(All current limits are reported)180 549.6 Q F1 +<ad62>144 561.6 Q F0(The maximum sock)180 561.6 Q(et b)-.1 E(uf)-.2 E +(fer size)-.25 E F1<ad63>144 573.6 Q F0 +(The maximum size of core \214les created)180 573.6 Q F1<ad64>144 585.6 +Q F0(The maximum size of a process')180 585.6 Q 2.5(sd)-.55 G(ata se) +-2.5 E(gment)-.15 E F1<ad65>144 597.6 Q F0 +(The maximum scheduling priority \("nice"\))180 597.6 Q F1<ad66>144 +609.6 Q F0 (The maximum size of \214les written by the shell and its children)180 -567.6 Q F4<ad69>144 579.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180 -579.6 Q F4<ad6b>144 591.6 Q F0 -(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 591.6 Q F4 -<ad6c>144 603.6 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)180 603.6 Q -(ed into memory)-.1 E F4<ad6d>144 615.6 Q F0 -(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 615.6 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G -(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F4<ad6e>144 627.6 Q F0 .791(Th\ +609.6 Q F1<ad69>144 621.6 Q F0(The maximum number of pending signals)180 +621.6 Q F1<ad6b>144 633.6 Q F0 +(The maximum number of kqueues that may be allocated)180 633.6 Q F1 +<ad6c>144 645.6 Q F0(The maximum size that may be lock)180 645.6 Q +(ed into memory)-.1 E F1<ad6d>144 657.6 Q F0 +(The maximum resident set size \(man)180 657.6 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G +(ystems do not honor this limit\))-2.5 E F1<ad6e>144 669.6 Q F0 .791(Th\ e maximum number of open \214le descriptors \(most systems do not allo) -180 627.6 R 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F -(be set\))180 639.6 Q F4<ad70>144 651.6 Q F0 -(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 651.6 Q F4 -<ad71>144 663.6 Q F0 -(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)180 663.6 Q F4 -<ad72>144 675.6 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 675.6 -Q F4<ad73>144 687.6 Q F0(The maximum stack size)180 687.6 Q F4<ad74>144 -699.6 Q F0(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 699.6 Q F4 -<ad75>144 711.6 Q F0(The maximum number of processes a)180 711.6 Q -.25 -(va)-.2 G(ilable to a single user).25 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q -(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(23)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +180 669.6 R 3.29(wt)-.25 G .79(his v)-3.29 F .79(alue to)-.25 F +(be set\))180 681.6 Q F1<ad70>144 693.6 Q F0 +(The pipe size in 512-byte blocks \(this may not be set\))180 693.6 Q F1 +<ad71>144 705.6 Q F0 +(The maximum number of bytes in POSIX message queues)180 705.6 Q F1 +<ad72>144 717.6 Q F0(The maximum real-time scheduling priority)180 717.6 +Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(23)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 24 24 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad76>144 84 Q F0 .47 -(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 84 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47 -(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 96 -Q F1<ad78>144 108 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180 108 Q F1 -<ad50>144 120 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180 120 Q F1 -<ad52>144 132 Q F0(The maximum time a real-time process can run before \ -blocking, in microseconds)180 132 Q F1<ad54>144 144 Q F0 -(The maximum number of threads)180 144 Q(If)144 160.8 Q/F2 10 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad73>144 84 Q F0 +(The maximum stack size)180 84 Q F1<ad74>144 96 Q F0 +(The maximum amount of cpu time in seconds)180 96 Q F1<ad75>144 108 Q F0 +(The maximum number of processes a)180 108 Q -.25(va)-.2 G +(ilable to a single user).25 E F1<ad76>144 120 Q F0 .47 +(The maximum amount of virtual memory a)180 120 R -.25(va)-.2 G .47 +(ilable to the shell and, on some systems, to).25 F(its children)180 132 +Q F1<ad78>144 144 Q F0(The maximum number of \214le locks)180 144 Q F1 +<ad50>144 156 Q F0(The maximum number of pseudoterminals)180 156 Q F1 +<ad52>144 168 Q F0(The maximum time a real-time process can run before \ +blocking, in microseconds)180 168 Q F1<ad54>144 180 Q F0 +(The maximum number of threads)180 180 Q(If)144 196.8 Q/F2 10 /Times-Italic@0 SF(limit)3.058 E F0 .468(is gi)3.648 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .468(n, and the).15 F F1<ad61>2.968 E F0 .468(option is not used,)2.968 F F2(limit)2.968 E F0 .468(is the ne)2.968 F 2.968(wv)-.25 G .468 (alue of the speci\214ed resource.)-3.218 F(If)5.468 E .044 -(no option is gi)144 172.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .044(n, then).15 F F1<ad66> +(no option is gi)144 208.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .044(n, then).15 F F1<ad66> 2.544 E F0 .045(is assumed.)2.545 F -1.11(Va)5.045 G .045 (lues are in 1024-byte increments, e)1.11 F .045(xcept for)-.15 F F1 <ad74>2.545 E F0 2.545(,w)C .045(hich is)-2.545 F .67(in seconds;)144 -184.8 R F1<ad52>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in microseconds;)-3.17 F +220.8 R F1<ad52>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in microseconds;)-3.17 F F1<ad70>3.17 E F0 3.17(,w)C .67(hich is in units of 512-byte blocks;) -3.17 F F1<ad50>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad54>3.17 E F0(,)A F1<ad62>3.17 E F0(,) -A F1<ad6b>144 196.8 Q F0(,)A F1<ad6e>3.736 E F0 3.736(,a)C(nd)-3.736 E +A F1<ad6b>144 232.8 Q F0(,)A F1<ad6e>3.736 E F0 3.736(,a)C(nd)-3.736 E F1<ad75>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.236(hich are unscaled v)-3.736 F 1.236 (alues; and, when in posix mode,)-.25 F F1<ad63>3.736 E F0(and)3.736 E F1<ad66>3.736 E F0 3.736(,w)C 1.237(hich are in)-3.736 F .239 -(512-byte increments.)144 208.8 R .238 +(512-byte increments.)144 244.8 R .238 (The return status is 0 unless an in)5.239 F -.25(va)-.4 G .238 (lid option or ar).25 F .238(gument is supplied, or an)-.18 F -(error occurs while setting a ne)144 220.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E -F1(umask)108 237.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 +(error occurs while setting a ne)144 256.8 Q 2.5(wl)-.25 G(imit.)-2.5 E +F1(umask)108 273.6 Q F0([)2.5 E F1<ad70>A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad53>-2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(mode)-2.5 E F0(])A .18 -(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 249.6 R F2(mode)3.06 E F0 +(The user \214le-creation mask is set to)144 285.6 R F2(mode)3.06 E F0 5.18(.I).18 G(f)-5.18 E F2(mode)3.06 E F0(be)2.86 E .18 (gins with a digit, it is interpreted as an octal)-.15 F .066(number; o\ therwise it is interpreted as a symbolic mode mask similar to that acce\ -pted by)144 261.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 -273.6 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382 +pted by)144 297.6 R F2 -.15(ch)2.566 G(mod).15 E F0(\(1\).).77 E(If)144 +309.6 Q F2(mode)3.262 E F0 .382(is omitted, the current v)3.062 F .382 (alue of the mask is printed.)-.25 F(The)5.382 E F1<ad53>2.882 E F0 .382 (option causes the mask to be)2.882 F .547 -(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 285.6 R .547 +(printed in symbolic form; the def)144 321.6 R .547 (ault output is an octal number)-.1 F 5.547(.I)-.55 G 3.047(ft)-5.547 G (he)-3.047 E F1<ad70>3.047 E F0 .547(option is supplied, and)3.047 F F2 -(mode)144.38 297.6 Q F0 .551 +(mode)144.38 333.6 Q F0 .551 (is omitted, the output is in a form that may be reused as input.)3.231 -F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 309.6 Q +F .552(The return status is 0 if the)5.552 F(mode w)144 345.6 Q (as successfully changed or if no)-.1 E F2(mode)2.5 E F0(ar)2.5 E (gument w)-.18 E(as supplied, and f)-.1 E(alse otherwise.)-.1 E F1 -(unalias)108 326.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 -(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 338.4 Q 1.058 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) +(unalias)108 362.4 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1(a)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0 +(...])2.5 E(Remo)144 374.4 Q 1.058 -.15(ve e)-.15 H(ach).15 E F2(name) 3.258 E F0 .758(from the list of de\214ned aliases.)3.258 F(If)5.758 E F1<ad61>3.258 E F0 .757(is supplied, all alias de\214nitions are re-) -3.258 F(mo)144 350.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E +3.258 F(mo)144 386.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(d. The).15 F(return v)2.5 E (alue is true unless a supplied)-.25 E F2(name)2.86 E F0 -(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 367.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1 +(is not a de\214ned alias.)2.68 E F1(unset)108 403.2 Q F0<5bad>2.5 E F1 (fv)A F0 2.5(][)C<ad>-2.5 E F1(n)A F0 2.5(][)C F2(name)-2.5 E F0(...]) -2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 379.2 S 3.803(re).15 G(ach)-3.803 E F2(name)4.163 E F0 +2.5 E -.15(Fo)144 415.2 S 3.803(re).15 G(ach)-3.803 E F2(name)4.163 E F0 3.803(,r).18 G(emo)-3.803 E 1.603 -.15(ve t)-.15 H 1.303 (he corresponding v).15 F 1.303(ariable or function.)-.25 F 1.303 (If the)6.303 F F1<ad76>3.804 E F0 1.304(option is gi)3.804 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 1.304(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 391.2 Q F0 .465 +-.25 G 1.304(n, each).15 F F2(name)144.36 427.2 Q F0 .465 (refers to a shell v)3.145 F .464(ariable, and that v)-.25 F .464 (ariable is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.964(d. Read-only).15 F -.25(va) -2.964 G .464(riables may not be un-).25 F 2.768(set. If)144 403.2 R F1 +2.964 G .464(riables may not be un-).25 F 2.768(set. If)144 439.2 R F1 <ad66>2.768 E F0 .269(is speci\214ed, each)2.768 F F2(name)3.129 E F0 .269(refers to a shell function, and the function de\214nition is remo) -2.949 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .404(If the)144 415.2 R F1<ad6e>2.904 E +2.949 F -.15(ve)-.15 G(d.).15 E .404(If the)144 451.2 R F1<ad6e>2.904 E F0 .404(option is supplied, and)2.904 F F2(name)2.904 E F0 .404(is a v) 2.904 F .404(ariable with the)-.25 F F2(namer)2.904 E(ef)-.37 E F0 (attrib)2.904 E(ute,)-.2 E F2(name)2.904 E F0 .403(will be unset)2.904 F -.719(rather than the v)144 427.2 R .719(ariable it references.)-.25 F F1 +.719(rather than the v)144 463.2 R .719(ariable it references.)-.25 F F1 <ad6e>5.719 E F0 .719(has no ef)3.219 F .719(fect if the)-.25 F F1<ad66> 3.22 E F0 .72(option is supplied.)3.22 F .72(If no options)5.72 F .737 -(are supplied, each)144 439.2 R F2(name)3.237 E F0 .737(refers to a v) +(are supplied, each)144 475.2 R F2(name)3.237 E F0 .737(refers to a v) 3.237 F .737(ariable; if there is no v)-.25 F .736 (ariable by that name, a function with)-.25 F 1.761(that name, if an)144 -451.2 R 3.061 -.65(y, i)-.15 H 4.261(su).65 G 4.261(nset. Each)-4.261 F +487.2 R 3.061 -.65(y, i)-.15 H 4.261(su).65 G 4.261(nset. Each)-4.261 F 1.761(unset v)4.261 F 1.761(ariable or function is remo)-.25 F -.15(ve) -.15 G 4.262(df).15 G 1.762(rom the en)-4.262 F(vironment)-.4 E 3.172 -(passed to subsequent commands.)144 463.2 R 3.172(If an)8.172 F 5.672 +(passed to subsequent commands.)144 499.2 R 3.172(If an)8.172 F 5.672 (yo)-.15 G(f)-5.672 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)5.672 G(SH_ALIASES) .27 E/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(,)A F3 -.27(BA)5.421 G(SH_ARGV0).27 E F4(,)A -F3 -.27(BA)5.421 G(SH_CMDS).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)144 475.2 S +F3 -.27(BA)5.421 G(SH_CMDS).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)144 511.2 S (SH_COMMAND).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)11.481 G(SH_SUBSHELL).27 E F4(,)A F3 -.27(BA)11.482 G(SHPID).27 E F4(,)A F3(COMP_W)11.482 E(ORDBREAKS)-.09 E F4(,)A F3(DIRST)11.482 E -.495(AC)-.81 G(K).495 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHREAL) -144 487.2 Q(TIME)-.828 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHSECONDS)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN) +144 523.2 Q(TIME)-.828 E F4(,)A F3(EPOCHSECONDS)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(FUNCN) 2.67 E(AME)-.18 E F4(,)A F3(GR)2.67 E(OUPS)-.27 E F4(,)A F3(HISTCMD)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(LINENO)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(RANDOM)2.67 E F4(,)A F3(SECONDS)144 -499.2 Q F4(,)A F0(or)4.029 E F3(SRANDOM)4.279 E F0 1.779(are unset, the) +535.2 Q F4(,)A F0(or)4.029 E F3(SRANDOM)4.279 E F0 1.779(are unset, the) 4.029 F 4.279(yl)-.15 G 1.779(ose their special properties, e)-4.279 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.279(ni).15 G 4.28(ft)-4.279 G(he)-4.28 E 4.28(ya)-.15 G -1.78(re subse-)-4.28 F(quently reset.)144 511.2 Q(The e)5 E +1.78(re subse-)-4.28 F(quently reset.)144 547.2 Q(The e)5 E (xit status is true unless a)-.15 E F2(name)2.86 E F0(is readonly)2.68 E -(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 528 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70> +(.)-.65 E F1(wait)108 564 Q F0([)2.5 E F1(\255fn)A F0 2.5(][)C F1<ad70> -2.5 E F2(varname)2.5 E F0 2.5(][)C F2(id ...)-2.5 E F0(])A -.8(Wa)144 -540 S .659(it for each speci\214ed child process and return its termina\ +576 S .659(it for each speci\214ed child process and return its termina\ tion status.).8 F(Each)5.659 E F2(id)3.169 E F0 .658(may be a process) -3.928 F .008(ID or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 552 R +3.928 F .008(ID or a job speci\214cation; if a job spec is gi)144 588 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .009(n, all processes in that job').15 F 2.509(sp)-.55 G .009(ipeline are w)-2.509 F .009(aited for)-.1 F 5.009(.I)-.55 G(f) --5.009 E F2(id)144.01 564 Q F0 .442(is not gi)3.712 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,) +-5.009 E F2(id)144.01 600 Q F0 .442(is not gi)3.712 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n,) .15 E F1(wait)2.942 E F0 -.1(wa)2.942 G .441 (its for all running background jobs and the last-e).1 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .441(cuted process substitu-).15 F .597 -(tion, if its process id is the same as)144 576 R F1($!)3.098 E F0 3.098 +(tion, if its process id is the same as)144 612 R F1($!)3.098 E F0 3.098 (,a)C .598(nd the return status is zero.)-3.098 F .598(If the)5.598 F F1 -<ad6e>3.098 E F0 .598(option is supplied,)3.098 F F1(wait)144 588 Q F0 +<ad6e>3.098 E F0 .598(option is supplied,)3.098 F F1(wait)144 624 Q F0 -.1(wa)3.083 G .583(its for a single job from the list of).1 F F2(id) 3.083 E F0 3.083(so)C 1.383 -.4(r, i)-3.083 H 3.083(fn).4 G(o)-3.083 E F2(id)3.083 E F0 3.083(sa)C .583(re supplied, an)-3.083 F 3.083(yj)-.15 -G .582(ob, to complete and)-3.083 F .403(returns its e)144 600 R .403 +G .582(ob, to complete and)-3.083 F .403(returns its e)144 636 R .403 (xit status.)-.15 F .403(If none of the supplied ar)5.403 F .403 (guments is a child of the shell, or if no ar)-.18 F(guments)-.18 E .573 -(are supplied and the shell has no unw)144 612 R .573 +(are supplied and the shell has no unw)144 648 R .573 (aited-for children, the e)-.1 F .573(xit status is 127.)-.15 F .572 (If the)5.573 F F1<ad70>3.072 E F0 .572(option is)3.072 F .39 (supplied, the process or job identi\214er of the job for which the e) -144 624 R .39(xit status is returned is assigned to)-.15 F .905(the v) -144 636 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)3.405 E F0 .905 +144 660 R .39(xit status is returned is assigned to)-.15 F .905(the v) +144 672 R(ariable)-.25 E F2(varname)3.405 E F0 .905 (named by the option ar)3.405 F 3.405(gument. The)-.18 F -.25(va)3.405 G .905(riable will be unset initially).25 F 3.405(,b)-.65 G(efore)-3.405 E -(an)144 648 Q 3.89(ya)-.15 G 3.89(ssignment. This)-3.89 F 1.39 +(an)144 684 Q 3.89(ya)-.15 G 3.89(ssignment. This)-3.89 F 1.39 (is useful only when the)3.89 F F1<ad6e>3.89 E F0 1.39 (option is supplied.)3.89 F 1.39(Supplying the)6.39 F F1<ad66>3.89 E F0 -(option,)3.89 E .575(when job control is enabled, forces)144 660 R F1 +(option,)3.89 E .575(when job control is enabled, forces)144 696 R F1 (wait)3.075 E F0 .575(to w)3.075 F .575(ait for)-.1 F F2(id)3.075 E F0 .574(to terminate before returning its status, in-)3.075 F .635 -(stead of returning when it changes status.)144 672 R(If)5.635 E F2(id) +(stead of returning when it changes status.)144 708 R(If)5.635 E F2(id) 3.145 E F0 .635(speci\214es a non-e)3.905 F .635 -(xistent process or job, the return)-.15 F(status is 127.)144 684 Q +(xistent process or job, the return)-.15 F(status is 127.)144 720 Q (Otherwise, the return status is the e)5 E (xit status of the last process or job w)-.15 E(aited for)-.1 E(.)-.55 E -/F5 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL COMP)72 700.8 Q -1.04(AT)-.81 G -(IBILITY MODE)1.04 E F0 .912 -(Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a `shell compatibility le)108 712.8 -R -.15(ve)-.25 G .912(l', speci\214ed as a set of options to the shopt) -.15 F -.2(bu)108 724.8 S(iltin).2 E F1(compat31)3.377 E F0(,)A F1 -(compat32)3.377 E F0(,)A F1(compat40)3.377 E F0(,)A F1(compat41)3.377 E -F0 3.378(,a)C .878(nd so on\).)-3.378 F .878 -(There is only one current compatibility)5.878 F(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q -(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(24)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(24)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 25 25 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E(le)108 84 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.254(l-).15 G -3.254(-e)-3.254 G .754(ach option is mutually e)-3.254 F(xclusi)-.15 E --.15(ve)-.25 G 5.754(.T).15 G .754(he compatibility le)-5.754 F -.15(ve) --.25 G 3.253(li).15 G 3.253(si)-3.253 G .753(ntended to allo)-3.253 F -3.253(wu)-.25 G .753(sers to select be-)-3.253 F(ha)108 96 Q 1.083 -(vior from pre)-.2 F 1.083(vious v)-.25 F 1.083 -(ersions that is incompatible with ne)-.15 F 1.083(wer v)-.25 F 1.083 -(ersions while the)-.15 F 3.584(ym)-.15 G 1.084(igrate scripts to use) --3.584 F(current features and beha)108 108 Q(vior)-.2 E 2.5(.I)-.55 G -(t')-2.5 E 2.5(si)-.55 G(ntended to be a temporary solution.)-2.5 E -1.457(This section does not mention beha)108 124.8 R 1.457 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SHELL COMP)72 84 Q +-1.04(AT)-.81 G(IBILITY MODE)1.04 E F0 .912 +(Bash-4.0 introduced the concept of a `shell compatibility le)108 96 R +-.15(ve)-.25 G .912(l', speci\214ed as a set of options to the shopt).15 +F -.2(bu)108 108 S(iltin).2 E/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(compat31)3.377 E F0 +(,)A F2(compat32)3.377 E F0(,)A F2(compat40)3.377 E F0(,)A F2(compat41) +3.377 E F0 3.378(,a)C .878(nd so on\).)-3.378 F .878 +(There is only one current compatibility)5.878 F(le)108 120 Q -.15(ve) +-.25 G 3.254(l-).15 G 3.254(-e)-3.254 G .754(ach option is mutually e) +-3.254 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 5.754(.T).15 G .754 +(he compatibility le)-5.754 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.253(li).15 G 3.253(si) +-3.253 G .753(ntended to allo)-3.253 F 3.253(wu)-.25 G .753 +(sers to select be-)-3.253 F(ha)108 132 Q 1.083(vior from pre)-.2 F +1.083(vious v)-.25 F 1.083(ersions that is incompatible with ne)-.15 F +1.083(wer v)-.25 F 1.083(ersions while the)-.15 F 3.584(ym)-.15 G 1.084 +(igrate scripts to use)-3.584 F(current features and beha)108 144 Q +(vior)-.2 E 2.5(.I)-.55 G(t')-2.5 E 2.5(si)-.55 G +(ntended to be a temporary solution.)-2.5 E 1.457 +(This section does not mention beha)108 160.8 R 1.457 (vior that is standard for a particular v)-.2 F 1.456 -(ersion \(e.g., setting)-.15 F/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(compat32)3.956 E F0 -.886(means that quoting the rhs of the re)108 136.8 R(ge)-.15 E .886 +(ersion \(e.g., setting)-.15 F F2(compat32)3.956 E F0 .886 +(means that quoting the rhs of the re)108 172.8 R(ge)-.15 E .886 (xp matching operator quotes special re)-.15 F(ge)-.15 E .887 -(xp characters in the w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E(which is def)108 148.8 Q +(xp characters in the w)-.15 F(ord,)-.1 E(which is def)108 184.8 Q (ault beha)-.1 E(vior in bash-3.2 and abo)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E -.523(If a user enables, say)108 165.6 R(,)-.65 E F1(compat32)3.023 E F0 +.523(If a user enables, say)108 201.6 R(,)-.65 E F2(compat32)3.023 E F0 3.023(,i)C 3.023(tm)-3.023 G .523(ay af)-3.023 F .523(fect the beha)-.25 F .523(vior of other compatibility le)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .522 (ls up to and includ-).15 F .259(ing the current compatibility le)108 -177.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.759(l. The).15 F .259 +213.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.759(l. The).15 F .259 (idea is that each compatibility le)2.759 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.76(lc).15 G .26(ontrols beha)-2.76 F .26(vior that changed)-.2 F 1.646(in that v)108 -189.6 R 1.646(ersion of)-.15 F F1(bash)4.146 E F0 4.146(,b)C 1.646 +225.6 R 1.646(ersion of)-.15 F F2(bash)4.146 E F0 4.146(,b)C 1.646 (ut that beha)-4.346 F 1.646(vior may ha)-.2 F 1.946 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.646(een present in earlier v).15 F 4.146(ersions. F)-.15 F 1.645 (or instance, the)-.15 F .76 -(change to use locale-based comparisons with the)108 201.6 R F1([[)3.261 +(change to use locale-based comparisons with the)108 237.6 R F2([[)3.261 E F0 .761(command came in bash-4.1, and earlier v)3.261 F .761 (ersions used)-.15 F 1.905(ASCII-based comparisons, so enabling)108 -213.6 R F1(compat32)4.405 E F0 1.904 +249.6 R F2(compat32)4.405 E F0 1.904 (will enable ASCII-based comparisons as well.)4.405 F(That)6.904 E .295 -(granularity may not be suf)108 225.6 R .296 +(granularity may not be suf)108 261.6 R .296 (\214cient for all uses, and as a result users should emplo)-.25 F 2.796 (yc)-.1 G .296(ompatibility le)-2.796 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .296(ls care-).15 -F(fully)108 237.6 Q 5(.R)-.65 G(ead the documentation for a particular \ +F(fully)108 273.6 Q 5(.R)-.65 G(ead the documentation for a particular \ feature to \214nd out the current beha)-5 E(vior)-.2 E(.)-.55 E .532 -(Bash-4.3 introduced a ne)108 254.4 R 3.032(ws)-.25 G .531(hell v)-3.032 -F(ariable:)-.25 E/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)3.031 G(SH_COMP).27 E --.855(AT)-.666 G/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.).855 E F0 .531(The v)5.031 F +(Bash-4.3 introduced a ne)108 290.4 R 3.032(ws)-.25 G .531(hell v)-3.032 +F(ariable:)-.25 E/F3 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)3.031 G(SH_COMP).27 E +-.855(AT)-.666 G/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(.).855 E F0 .531(The v)5.031 F .531(alue assigned to this v)-.25 F .531(ariable \(a decimal)-.25 F -.15 -(ve)108 266.4 S .107(rsion number lik).15 F 2.607(e4)-.1 G .107 -(.2, or an inte)-2.607 F .107(ger corresponding to the)-.15 F F1(compat) -2.608 E/F4 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(NN)A F0 .108(option, lik)2.608 F 2.608 -(e4)-.1 G .108(2\) determines the com-)-2.608 F(patibility le)108 278.4 +(ve)108 302.4 S .107(rsion number lik).15 F 2.607(e4)-.1 G .107 +(.2, or an inte)-2.607 F .107(ger corresponding to the)-.15 F F2(compat) +2.608 E/F5 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(NN)A F0 .108(option, lik)2.608 F 2.608 +(e4)-.1 G .108(2\) determines the com-)-2.608 F(patibility le)108 314.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E .388(Starting with bash-4.4, Bash has be)108 -295.2 R .388(gun deprecating older compatibility le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 +331.2 R .388(gun deprecating older compatibility le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.887(ls. Ev).15 F(entually)-.15 E 2.887(,t)-.65 G .387 -(he options will)-2.887 F(be remo)108 307.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(di).15 -G 2.5(nf)-2.5 G -.2(avo)-2.6 G 2.5(ro).2 G(f)-2.5 E F2 -.27(BA)2.5 G -(SH_COMP).27 E -.855(AT)-.666 G F3(.).855 E F0 1.163 -(Bash-5.0 is the \214nal v)108 324 R 1.163 +(he options will)-2.887 F(be remo)108 343.2 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(di).15 +G 2.5(nf)-2.5 G -.2(avo)-2.6 G 2.5(ro).2 G(f)-2.5 E F3 -.27(BA)2.5 G +(SH_COMP).27 E -.855(AT)-.666 G F4(.).855 E F0 1.163 +(Bash-5.0 is the \214nal v)108 360 R 1.163 (ersion for which there will be an indi)-.15 F 1.164 (vidual shopt option for the pre)-.25 F 1.164(vious v)-.25 F(ersion.) --.15 E(Users should use)108 336 Q F2 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855 +-.15 E(Users should use)108 372 Q F3 -.27(BA)2.5 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855 (AT)-.666 G F0(on bash-5.0 and later v)3.105 E(ersions.)-.15 E 1.614 -(The follo)108 352.8 R 1.613(wing table describes the beha)-.25 F 1.613 +(The follo)108 388.8 R 1.613(wing table describes the beha)-.25 F 1.613 (vior changes controlled by each compatibility le)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -4.113(ls).15 G 4.113(etting. The)-4.113 F F1(compat)108 364.8 Q F4(NN)A +4.113(ls).15 G 4.113(etting. The)-4.113 F F2(compat)108 400.8 Q F5(NN)A F0 1.186(tag is used as shorthand for setting the compatibility le)3.685 -F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.686(lt).15 G(o)-3.686 E F4(NN)3.686 E F0 1.186 +F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.686(lt).15 G(o)-3.686 E F5(NN)3.686 E F0 1.186 (using one of the follo)3.686 F(wing)-.25 E 3.807(mechanisms. F)108 -376.8 R 1.307(or v)-.15 F 1.307 +412.8 R 1.307(or v)-.15 F 1.307 (ersions prior to bash-5.0, the compatibility le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G -3.806(lm).15 G 1.306(ay be set using the corresponding)-3.806 F F1 -(compat)108 388.8 Q F4(NN)A F0 .502(shopt option.)3.002 F -.15(Fo)5.502 +3.806(lm).15 G 1.306(ay be set using the corresponding)-3.806 F F2 +(compat)108 424.8 Q F5(NN)A F0 .502(shopt option.)3.002 F -.15(Fo)5.502 G 3.002(rb).15 G .502(ash-4.3 and later v)-3.002 F .502(ersions, the) --.15 F F2 -.27(BA)3.002 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855(AT)-.666 G F0 -.25(va) +-.15 F F3 -.27(BA)3.002 G(SH_COMP).27 E -.855(AT)-.666 G F0 -.25(va) 3.607 G .502(riable is preferred, and it).25 F -(is required for bash-5.1 and later v)108 400.8 Q(ersions.)-.15 E F1 -(compat31)108 417.6 Q F0<83>144 429.6 Q(quoting the rhs of the)180 429.6 -Q F1([[)2.5 E F0(command')2.5 E 2.5(sr)-.55 G -.15(eg)-2.5 G -.15(ex).15 +(is required for bash-5.1 and later v)108 436.8 Q(ersions.)-.15 E F2 +(compat31)108 453.6 Q F0<83>144 465.6 Q(quoting the rhs of the)180 465.6 +Q F2([[)2.5 E F0(command')2.5 E 2.5(sr)-.55 G -.15(eg)-2.5 G -.15(ex).15 G 2.5(pm).15 G(atching operator \(=~\) has no special ef)-2.5 E(fect) --.25 E F1(compat32)108 446.4 Q F0<83>144 458.4 Q .35 -(interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes the e)180 458.4 +-.25 E F2(compat32)108 482.4 Q F0<83>144 494.4 Q .35 +(interrupting a command list such as "a ; b ; c" causes the e)180 494.4 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .35(cution of the ne).15 F .35(xt command)-.15 F .017 -(in the list \(in bash-4.0 and later v)180 470.4 R .018 +(in the list \(in bash-4.0 and later v)180 506.4 R .018 (ersions, the shell acts as if it recei)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.518(dt) .15 G .018(he interrupt, so in-)-2.518 F -(terrupting one command in a list aborts the e)180 482.4 Q -.15(xe)-.15 -G(cution of the entire list\)).15 E F1(compat40)108 499.2 Q F0<83>144 -511.2 Q(the)180 511.2 Q F1(<)2.674 E F0(and)2.674 E F1(>)2.673 E F0 .173 -(operators to the)2.673 F F1([[)2.673 E F0 .173 +(terrupting one command in a list aborts the e)180 518.4 Q -.15(xe)-.15 +G(cution of the entire list\)).15 E F2(compat40)108 535.2 Q F0<83>144 +547.2 Q(the)180 547.2 Q F2(<)2.674 E F0(and)2.674 E F2(>)2.673 E F0 .173 +(operators to the)2.673 F F2([[)2.673 E F0 .173 (command do not consider the current locale when compar)2.673 F(-)-.2 E -.067(ing strings; the)180 523.2 R 2.567(yu)-.15 G .067 +.067(ing strings; the)180 559.2 R 2.567(yu)-.15 G .067 (se ASCII ordering.)-2.567 F .068(Bash v)5.068 F .068 -(ersions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation)-.15 F(and)180 535.2 Q F4 +(ersions prior to bash-4.1 use ASCII collation)-.15 F(and)180 571.2 Q F5 (str)4.743 E(cmp)-.37 E F0 1.903 (\(3\); bash-4.1 and later use the current locale').19 F 4.402(sc)-.55 G -1.902(ollation sequence and)-4.402 F F4(str)4.742 E(-)-.2 E(coll)180 -547.2 Q F0(\(3\).).51 E F1(compat41)108 564 Q F0<83>144 576 Q(in)180 576 -Q F4(posix)3.79 E F0(mode,)3.79 E F1(time)3.79 E F0 1.29(may be follo) +1.902(ollation sequence and)-4.402 F F5(str)4.742 E(-)-.2 E(coll)180 +583.2 Q F0(\(3\).).51 E F2(compat41)108 600 Q F0<83>144 612 Q(in)180 612 +Q F5(posix)3.79 E F0(mode,)3.79 E F2(time)3.79 E F0 1.29(may be follo) 3.79 F 1.29(wed by options and still be recognized as a reserv)-.25 F -(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)180 588 S(rd \(this is POSIX interpretation 267\)).1 E -<83>144 600 Q(in)180 600 Q F4(posix)2.709 E F0 .208 +(ed)-.15 E -.1(wo)180 624 S(rd \(this is POSIX interpretation 267\)).1 E +<83>144 636 Q(in)180 636 Q F5(posix)2.709 E F0 .208 (mode, the parser requires that an e)2.709 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.708(nn).15 -G .208(umber of single quotes occur in the)-2.708 F F4(wor)2.708 E(d) --.37 E F0 .281(portion of a double-quoted parameter e)180 612 R .282 +G .208(umber of single quotes occur in the)-2.708 F F5(wor)2.708 E(d) +-.37 E F0 .281(portion of a double-quoted parameter e)180 648 R .282 (xpansion and treats them specially)-.15 F 2.782(,s)-.65 G 2.782(ot) -2.782 G .282(hat charac-)-2.782 F(ters within the single quotes are co\ -nsidered quoted \(this is POSIX interpretation 221\))180 624 Q F1 -(compat42)108 640.8 Q F0<83>144 652.8 Q 1.056(the replacement string in\ - double-quoted pattern substitution does not under)180 652.8 R 1.055 -(go quote re-)-.18 F(mo)180 664.8 Q -.25(va)-.15 G(l, as it does in v) -.25 E(ersions after bash-4.2)-.15 E<83>144 676.8 Q .021 -(in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when e)180 676.8 R -.021(xpanding the)-.15 F F4(wor)2.521 E(d)-.37 E F0 .021(portion of a) -2.521 F .018(double-quoted parameter e)180 688.8 R .017 -(xpansion and can be used to quote a closing brace or other spe-)-.15 F -.998(cial character \(this is part of POSIX interpretation 221\); in la\ -ter v)180 700.8 R .999(ersions, single quotes)-.15 F -(are not special within double-quoted w)180 712.8 Q(ord e)-.1 E -(xpansions)-.15 E(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(25)198.725 -E 0 Cg EP +nsidered quoted \(this is POSIX interpretation 221\))180 660 Q F2 +(compat42)108 676.8 Q F0<83>144 688.8 Q 1.056(the replacement string in\ + double-quoted pattern substitution does not under)180 688.8 R 1.055 +(go quote re-)-.18 F(mo)180 700.8 Q -.25(va)-.15 G(l, as it does in v) +.25 E(ersions after bash-4.2)-.15 E<83>144 712.8 Q .021 +(in posix mode, single quotes are considered special when e)180 712.8 R +.021(xpanding the)-.15 F F5(wor)2.521 E(d)-.37 E F0 .021(portion of a) +2.521 F 1.493(double-quoted parameter e)180 724.8 R 1.492 +(xpansion and can be used to quote a closing brace or other)-.15 F +(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(25)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Page: 26 26 %%BeginPageSetup BP %%EndPageSetup /F0 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -.35(BA)72 48 S(SH_B).35 E(UIL)-.1 E 87.61 (TINS\(1\) General)-.92 F(Commands Manual)2.5 E -.35(BA)90.11 G(SH_B).35 -E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(compat43)108 84 Q F0 -<83>144 96 Q 1.071(the shell does not print a w)180 96 R 1.07 +E(UIL)-.1 E(TINS\(1\))-.92 E 2.355(special character \(this is part of \ +POSIX interpretation 221\); in later v)180 84 R 2.355(ersions, single) +-.15 F(quotes are not special within double-quoted w)180 96 Q(ord e)-.1 +E(xpansions)-.15 E/F1 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(compat43)108 112.8 Q F0<83>144 +124.8 Q 1.071(the shell does not print a w)180 124.8 R 1.07 (arning message if an attempt is made to use a quoted com-)-.1 F .248 -(pound assignment as an ar)180 108 R .249 +(pound assignment as an ar)180 136.8 R .249 (gument to declare \(declare -a foo='\(1 2\)'\). Later v)-.18 F .249 -(ersions w)-.15 F(arn)-.1 E(that this usage is deprecated)180 120 Q<83> -144 132 Q -.1(wo)180 132 S .501(rd e).1 F .501 +(ersions w)-.15 F(arn)-.1 E(that this usage is deprecated)180 148.8 Q +<83>144 160.8 Q -.1(wo)180 160.8 S .501(rd e).1 F .501 (xpansion errors are considered non-f)-.15 F .501 -(atal errors that cause the current command to)-.1 F -.1(fa)180 144 S +(atal errors that cause the current command to)-.1 F -.1(fa)180 172.8 S .605(il, e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.105(ni).15 G 3.105(np)-3.105 G .605 (osix mode \(the def)-3.105 F .605(ault beha)-.1 F .605(vior is to mak) -.2 F 3.105(et)-.1 G .605(hem f)-3.105 F .605 -(atal errors that cause the)-.1 F(shell to e)180 156 Q(xit\))-.15 E<83> -144 168 Q .355(when e)180 168 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .354 +(atal errors that cause the)-.1 F(shell to e)180 184.8 Q(xit\))-.15 E +<83>144 196.8 Q .355(when e)180 196.8 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .354 (cuting a shell function, the loop state \(while/until/etc.\)).15 F .354 (is not reset, so)5.354 F F1(br)2.854 E(eak)-.18 E F0(or)2.854 E F1 -(continue)180 180 Q F0 .052 +(continue)180 208.8 Q F0 .052 (in that function will break or continue loops in the calling conte) 2.552 F .053(xt. Bash-4.4 and)-.15 F(later reset the loop state to pre) -180 192 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this).15 E F1(compat44)108 208.8 Q F0<83>144 -220.8 Q .719(the shell sets up the v)180 220.8 R .719(alues used by)-.25 -F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)3.219 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0(and)2.969 E F2 --.27(BA)3.219 G(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 .719(so the)2.969 F 3.218(yc)-.15 G -.718(an e)-3.218 F(xpand)-.15 E(to the shell')180 232.8 Q 2.5(sp)-.55 G +180 220.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt this).15 E F1(compat44)108 237.6 Q F0<83> +144 249.6 Q .719(the shell sets up the v)180 249.6 R .719(alues used by) +-.25 F/F2 9/Times-Bold@0 SF -.27(BA)3.219 G(SH_ARGV).27 E F0(and)2.969 E +F2 -.27(BA)3.219 G(SH_ARGC).27 E F0 .719(so the)2.969 F 3.218(yc)-.15 G +.718(an e)-3.218 F(xpand)-.15 E(to the shell')180 261.6 Q 2.5(sp)-.55 G (ositional parameters e)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fe)-2.5 G -(xtended deb)-2.65 E(ugging mode is not enabled)-.2 E<83>144 244.8 Q -2.634(as)180 244.8 S .134(ubshell inherits loops from its parent conte) +(xtended deb)-2.65 E(ugging mode is not enabled)-.2 E<83>144 273.6 Q +2.634(as)180 273.6 S .134(ubshell inherits loops from its parent conte) -2.634 F .135(xt, so)-.15 F F1(br)2.635 E(eak)-.18 E F0(or)2.635 E F1 (continue)2.635 E F0 .135(will cause the sub-)2.635 F(shell to e)180 -256.8 Q 2.5(xit. Bash-5.0)-.15 F(and later reset the loop state to pre) -2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt the e).15 E(xit)-.15 E<83>144 268.8 Q -.25(va) -180 268.8 S .619(riable assignments preceding b).25 F .618(uiltins lik) +285.6 Q 2.5(xit. Bash-5.0)-.15 F(and later reset the loop state to pre) +2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt the e).15 E(xit)-.15 E<83>144 297.6 Q -.25(va) +180 297.6 S .619(riable assignments preceding b).25 F .618(uiltins lik) -.2 F(e)-.1 E F1(export)3.118 E F0(and)3.118 E F1 -.18(re)3.118 G (adonly).18 E F0 .618(that set attrib)3.118 F .618(utes con-)-.2 F .119 -(tinue to af)180 280.8 R .119(fect v)-.25 F .119 +(tinue to af)180 309.6 R .119(fect v)-.25 F .119 (ariables with the same name in the calling en)-.25 F .12(vironment e) -.4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.62(ni).15 G 2.62(ft)-2.62 G .12(he shell is)-2.62 -F(not in posix mode)180 292.8 Q F1(compat50)108 309.6 Q F0<83>144 321.6 -Q 1.209(Bash-5.1 changed the w)180 321.6 R(ay)-.1 E F2($RANDOM)3.709 E +F(not in posix mode)180 321.6 Q F1(compat50)108 338.4 Q F0<83>144 350.4 +Q 1.209(Bash-5.1 changed the w)180 350.4 R(ay)-.1 E F2($RANDOM)3.709 E F0 1.209(is generated to introduce slightly more random-)3.459 F 1.018 -(ness. If the shell compatibility le)180 333.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.518 +(ness. If the shell compatibility le)180 362.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.518 (li).15 G 3.518(ss)-3.518 G 1.018(et to 50 or lo)-3.518 F(wer)-.25 E 3.518(,i)-.4 G 3.518(tr)-3.518 G -2.15 -.25(ev e)-3.518 H 1.019 -(rts to the method from).25 F .733(bash-5.0 and pre)180 345.6 R .733 +(rts to the method from).25 F .733(bash-5.0 and pre)180 374.4 R .733 (vious v)-.25 F .732 (ersions, so seeding the random number generator by assigning a)-.15 F --.25(va)180 357.6 S(lue to).25 E F2(RANDOM)2.5 E F0 -(will produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0)2.25 E/F3 10.95 -/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 374.4 Q F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108 386.4 Q -(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20)149.565 E(26)198.725 E 0 Cg EP +-.25(va)180 386.4 S(lue to).25 E F2(RANDOM)2.5 E F0 +(will produce the same sequence as in bash-5.0)2.25 E<83>144 398.4 Q +.695(If the command hash table is empty)180 398.4 R 3.196(,b)-.65 G .696 +(ash v)-3.196 F .696(ersions prior to bash-5.1 printed an informa-)-.15 +F 1.321(tional message to that ef)180 410.4 R 1.321(fect, e)-.25 F -.15 +(ve)-.25 G 3.821(nw).15 G 1.321 +(hen producing output that can be reused as input.)-3.821 F +(Bash-5.1 suppresses that message when the)180 422.4 Q F1<ad6c>2.5 E F0 +(option is supplied.)2.5 E/F3 10.95/Times-Bold@0 SF(SEE ALSO)72 439.2 Q +F0(bash\(1\), sh\(1\))108 451.2 Q(GNU Bash 5.0)72 768 Q(2004 Apr 20) +149.565 E(26)198.725 E 0 Cg EP %%Trailer end %%EOF diff --git a/doc/rbash.ps b/doc/rbash.ps index bf6066a6..236796d8 100644 --- a/doc/rbash.ps +++ b/doc/rbash.ps @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ %!PS-Adobe-3.0 %%Creator: groff version 1.22.4 -%%CreationDate: Wed Jun 10 12:00:37 2020 +%%CreationDate: Mon Sep 7 09:52:16 2020 %%DocumentNeededResources: font Times-Roman %%+ font Times-Bold %%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset grops 1.22 4 diff --git a/doc/version.texi b/doc/version.texi index 835bbd75..4a548f91 100644 --- a/doc/version.texi +++ b/doc/version.texi @@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ Copyright (C) 1988-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc. @end ignore -@set LASTCHANGE Fri Jun 5 14:48:45 EDT 2020 +@set LASTCHANGE Tue Aug 25 09:58:38 EDT 2020 @set EDITION 5.1 @set VERSION 5.1 -@set UPDATED 5 June 2020 -@set UPDATED-MONTH June 2020 +@set UPDATED 25 August 2020 +@set UPDATED-MONTH August 2020 |