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|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>Configuring the SQL Interface</title>
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<div xmlns="" class="navheader">
<div class="libver">
<p>Library Version 12.1.6.1</p>
</div>
<table width="100%" summary="Navigation header">
<tr>
<th colspan="3" align="center">Configuring the SQL
Interface</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="build_unix_conf.html">Prev</a> </td>
<th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 7. Building Berkeley DB for UNIX/POSIX
</th>
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</tr>
</table>
<hr />
</div>
<div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="build_unix_sql"></a>Configuring the SQL
Interface</h2>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="toc">
<dl>
<dt>
<span class="sect2">
<a href="build_unix_sql.html#config_sql">Changing Compile Options</a>
</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="sect2">
<a href="build_unix_sql.html#idp698856">Enabling Extensions</a>
</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="sect2">
<a href="build_unix_sql.html#build_unix_jdbc">Building the JDBC Driver</a>
</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="sect2">
<a href="build_unix_sql.html#idp704816">Using the JDBC Driver</a>
</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="sect2">
<a href="build_unix_sql.html#idp736952">Building the ODBC Driver</a>
</span>
</dt>
<dt>
<span class="sect2">
<a href="build_unix_sql.html#bfile">Building the BFILE extension</a>
</span>
</dt>
</dl>
</div>
<p>
There are a set of options you can provide to
<span class="command"><strong>configure</strong></span> in order to control how the
Berkeley DB SQL interface is built. These configuration
options include:
</p>
<div class="variablelist">
<dl>
<dt>
<span class="term">--disable-log-checksum</span>
</dt>
<dd> Disables checksums in log records. This
provides a boost to performance at the risk of log
files having undetectable corruption that could
prevent proper data recovery in case of database
corruption.
<p>
Note that while this option is meant for use
with the SQL interface, it will also disable
checksum for the non-SQL interfaces.
</p></dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">--enable-sql</span>
</dt>
<dd>
Causes the <span class="command"><strong>dbsql</strong></span> command
line interpreter to be built. Along with
<span class="command"><strong>dbsql</strong></span>, this argument also
builds the libdb_sqlXX.{so|la} library, a C API
library that mirrors the SQLite C API.
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">--enable-sql_compat</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Causes the <span class="command"><strong>sqlite3</strong></span> command
line tool to be built. This tool is identical to
the <span class="command"><strong>dbsql</strong></span> command line tool,
except that it has the same name as the command
line tool that comes with standard SQLite.
</p>
<p>
In addition, the libsqlite3.{so|la} C API
library is built if this option is specified. This
library is identical to the libdb_sqlXX.{so|la}
library that is normally built for Berkeley DB's
sql interface, except that it has the same name as
the library which is built for standard SQLite.
</p>
<div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
<h3 class="title">Warning</h3>
<p>
Use this compatibility option with
<span class="emphasis"><em>extreme</em></span> care.
Standard SQLite is used by many programs and
utilities on many different platforms. Some
platforms, such as Mac OS X, come with
standard SQLite built in because default
applications for the platform use that
library.
</p>
<p>
<span class="bold"><strong>Use of this option on
platforms where standard SQLite is in
production use can cause unexpected
runtime errors either for your own
application, or for applications and
utilities commonly found on the platform,
depending on which library is found first
in the platform's library search
path.</strong></span>
</p>
<p>
Use this option <span class="emphasis"><em>only</em></span>
if you know exactly what you are doing.
</p>
</div>
<p>
This option is provided so that there is an
easy upgrade path for legacy SQLite tools and
scripts that want to use BDB SQL without rewriting
the tool or script. However, data contained in
standard SQLite databases must be manually
migrated from the old database to your BDB SQL
database even if you use this option. See the
<em class="citetitle">Berkeley DB Getting Started with the SQL APIs</em> guide for
information on migrating data from standard SQLite
to BDB SQL databases.
</p>
<p>
Note that in addition to the renamed command
line tool and library, this option also causes
versions of the command line tool and library to
be built that use the normal BDB SQLite names
(<span class="command"><strong>dbsql</strong></span> and
libdb_sqlXX.{so|la}).
</p>
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">--enable-test</span>
</dt>
<dd>
Cause the Berkeley DB SQL interface test suite
to be built. This argument can also be used with
either <code class="literal">--enable-sql</code> or
<code class="literal">--enable-sql_compat</code> to build
the SQLite Tcl test runner.
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">--enable-jdbc</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Causes the JDBC driver to be built. Setting
this option implies that
<code class="literal">--enable-sql</code> is set, which
means that the Berkeley DB SQL API will be built
too.
</p>
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">--with-cryptography</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>
Enables encryption support for the Berkeley DB
SQL interface. See <a href="../bdb-sql/sql_encryption.html" class="olink">SQL Encryption</a> in the
<em class="citetitle">Berkeley DB Getting Started with the SQL APIs</em> guide for
usage details.
</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<p>
The following configuration options are useful when
debugging applications:
</p>
<div class="variablelist">
<dl>
<dt>
<span class="term">
<a class="link" href="build_unix_conf.html#build_unix_conf.--enable-debug">--enable-debug</a>
</span>
</dt>
<dd>
Builds the Berkeley DB SQL interface with debug
symbols.
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">
<a class="link" href="build_unix_conf.html#build_unix_conf.--enable-diagnostic">--enable-diagnostic</a>
</span>
</dt>
<dd>
Builds the Berkeley DB SQL interface with
run-time debugging checks.
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<p>
Any arguments that you can provide to the standard SQLite
configure script can also be supplied when configuring
Berkeley DB SQL interface.
</p>
<div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="config_sql"></a>Changing Compile Options</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
There are several configuration options you can specify
as an argument to the configure script using the standard
environment variable, CFLAGS. For example, to configure
with the option BDBSQL_FILE_PER_TABLE, do the
following:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">$ ../dist/configure --enable-sql CFLAGS="-DBDBSQL_FILE_PER_TABLE=1"</pre>
<div class="variablelist">
<dl>
<dt>
<span class="term">BDBSQL_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE</span>
</dt>
<dd>
To set the default page size when you
create a database, specify the
BDBSQL_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE flag. The value assigned
must be a 0, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192 16384,
32768, or 65536. The default value is 4096. If the
value is set to zero, Berkeley DB queries the file
system to determine the best page size, and the
value of SQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE is used to
calculate the cache size, as the cache size is
specified as a number of pages.
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">BDBSQL_FILE_PER_TABLE</span>
</dt>
<dd>
To generate each table in a separate file,
rather than as subdatabases in a single file,
specify the BDBSQL_FILE_PER_TABLE flag. When this
option is enabled, the SQL database name is used
as a directory name. This directory contains one
file for the metadata and one file each for every
table created by the SQL API. Note that adding or
deleting files from the database directory may
corrupt your database. To backup the metadata
(schema), make a copy of the
<code class="literal">metadata</code> and
<code class="literal">table00001</code> files from the
database directory. Make a new copy whenever the
schema is changed.
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">BDBSQL_LOG_REGIONMAX</span>
</dt>
<dd>
To configure the log region size for the
underlying storage engine, specify the
BDBSQL_LOG_REGIONMAX flag. For more information,
see <a href="../api_reference/C/envget_lg_regionmax.html" class="olink">DB_ENV->get_lg_regionmax()</a>.
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">BDBSQL_OMIT_LEAKCHECK </span>
</dt>
<dd>
For Berkeley DB to use the default system
allocation routines rather than the SQLite
allocation routines, specify the
BDBSQL_OMIT_LEAKCHECK flag.
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">BDBSQL_OMIT_LOG_REMOVE </span>
</dt>
<dd>
Berkeley DB automatically removes log files
that are not required any more, that is, files
that are older than the most recent checkpoint. To
disable this functionality, specify the
BDBSQL_OMIT_LOG_REMOVE flag. It is necessary to
provide this flag if you are using replication
with Berkeley DB SQL.
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">BDBSQL_OMIT_SHARING </span>
</dt>
<dd>
To create a private environment rather than
a shared environment, specify the
BDBSQL_OMIT_SHARING flag. That is, the cache and
other region files will be created in memory
rather than using file backed shared memory. For
more information, see the DB_PRIVATE flag of
<a href="../api_reference/C/envopen.html" class="olink">DB_ENV->open()</a>.
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">BDBSQL_SINGLE_THREAD </span>
</dt>
<dd>
To disable locking and thread safe
connections, specify the BDBSQL_SINGLE_THREAD
flag. If an application is going to use Berkeley
DB from a single thread and a single process,
enabling this flag can deliver significant
performance advantages.
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">SQLITE_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE </span>
</dt>
<dd>
SQLite provides an in-memory cache which you
size according to the maximum number of database
pages that you want to hold in memory at any given
time. Berkeley DB's in-memory cache feature
performs the same function as SQLite. To specify
the suggested maximum number of pages of disk
cache that will be allocated per open database
file specify the SQLITE_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE flag.
Default value is 2000 pages. For more information,
see the SQLite documentation on <a class="ulink" href="http://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html#pragma_default_cache_size" target="_top">
PRAGMA default_cache_size</a>.
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">SQLITE_DEFAULT_JOURNAL_SIZE_LIMIT </span>
</dt>
<dd>
For SQLite, this pragma identifies the
maximum size that the journal file is allowed to
be. Berkeley DB does not have a journal file, but
it writes and uses log files. A new log file is
created when the current log file has reached the
defined maximum size. To define this maximum size
for a log file, specify the
SQLITE_DEFAULT_JOURNAL_SIZE_LIMIT flag. Default
value is 10 MB for the Berkeley DB SQL interface.
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="idp698856"></a>Enabling Extensions</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
The Berkeley DB SQL API provides extensions such as
full text search and R-Tree index. By default, these
extensions are disabled. To enable an extension in the
Berkeley DB SQL interface, specify the related option as
an argument to the configure script using the standard
environment variable, CPPFLAGS.
</p>
<div class="variablelist">
<dl>
<dt>
<span class="term">SQLITE_ENABLE_FTS3</span>
</dt>
<dd>
Enable building the Berkeley DB full text
search layer
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">SQLITE_ENABLE_RTREE</span>
</dt>
<dd> Enables the Berkeley DB R-Tree layer.
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<p>
See the SQLite Documentation for more information on
<a class="ulink" href="http://www.sqlite.org/fts3.html" target="_top">full text
search</a> and <a class="ulink" href="http://www.sqlite.org/rtree.html" target="_top">R-Tree</a>.
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="build_unix_jdbc"></a>Building the JDBC Driver</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
This section describes how to build the JDBC driver
code using <code class="literal">autoconf</code>, which is the only
method supported and tested by the Berkeley DB team.
</p>
<p>
To build the JDBC driver, you must have Sun Java
Development Kit 1.1 or above installed.
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">cd build_unix
../dist/configure --enable-jdbc --prefix=<install path>
make install</pre>
<p>
You can test the build by entering the following
commands from the <code class="literal">build_unix/jdbc</code>
directory:
</p>
<table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list">
<tr>
<td>javac -classpath ./sqlite.jar test3.java</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>java -Djava.library.path=./.libs -classpath
./sqlite.jar:. test3 </td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="idp704816"></a>Using the JDBC Driver</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
This section describes how to download, build, and run
sample programs using the built JDBC driver.
</p>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp722352"></a>Downloading JDBC Sample Code</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
The download link for JDBC sample code is available
on the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/index-139949.html" target="_top">
Oracle Technology Network (OTN) </a> page.
You can identify the link by the "JDBC programming
examples from all three editions (ZIP format)" text
beside it.
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp697912"></a>Modifying Sample Code</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
Before running the example code, do the following:
</p>
<div class="orderedlist">
<ol type="1">
<li>
Unzip the file containing the sample code
to a new directory (for example, jdbc_ex).
</li>
<li>
<p>
Substitute
<code class="literal">jdbc:sqlite:/<db-file-name></code>
for the generic JDBC URL that appears in the
code. That is, put
<code class="literal">jdbc:sqlite:/<db-file-name></code>
between the quotation marks in the line:
</p>
<p>
<code class="literal">String url =
"jdbc:mySubprotocol:myDataSource";</code>
</p>
<p>
Note: The <db-file-name> can either
be an absolute path name like
<code class="literal">"jdbc:sqlite://jdbc_ex_db/myDataSource"</code>,
or a relative path-file-name like
<code class="literal">"jdbc:sqlite:/../jdbc_ex_db/myDataSource"</code>,
or a file name, like
<code class="literal">"jdbc:sqlite:/myDataSource"</code>,
in which case the database file will be stored
at the current directory. Note that all path
arguments require a leading slash, even in the
case of relative paths or a database in the
local directory. Please refer to the above
examples.
</p>
</li>
<li>
Substitute
<code class="literal">SQLite.JDBCDriver</code> for
<code class="literal">myDriver.ClassName</code> in the
line:
<code class="literal">Class.forName("myDriver.ClassName");</code></li>
<li>
<p>
Optionally substitute the username and
password you use for your database in the
following: <code class="literal">"myLogin",
"myPassword"</code>.
</p>
</li>
<li>
If your JDK version is above 1.5, change
the variable name <code class="literal">enum</code> in
<code class="literal">OutputApplet.java</code> to some
other variable name because, as of JDK release 5
<code class="literal">enum</code> is a keyword and can
not be used as an identifier.
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp710816"></a>Building and Running the JDBC Sample code</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
See <a class="xref" href="build_unix_sql.html#build_unix_jdbc" title="Building the JDBC Driver">Building the JDBC Driver</a> for instructions
on building the JDBC driver.
</p>
<p>
To build and run the JDBC examples do the
following:
</p>
<div class="orderedlist">
<ol type="1">
<li>
Copy
<code class="literal">build_unix/jdbc/sqlite.jar</code>
and
<code class="literal">build_unix/jdbc/.libs/libsqlite_jni.so</code>
to the <code class="literal">jdbc_ex</code> directory.
</li>
<li>
<p>
In the <code class="literal">jdbc_ex</code>
directory, run the following commands:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">$ javac -classpath ./sqlite.jar *.java
$ java -classpath .:sqlite.jar -Djava.library.path=. \
<ClassName, eg. CreateCoffees></pre>
</li>
<li>
After you run the CreateCoffees example,
use the <code class="literal">dbsql</code> executable to
open the <code class="literal">myDataSource</code> database
file and check if the table
<code class="literal">COFFEES</code> has been
successfully created in the database.
<pre class="programlisting">$ dbsql myDataSourcedbsql> .tables
COFFEES
dbsql> .dump
PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
CREATE TABLE COFFEES (COF_NAME varchar(32),\
SUP_ID int, PRICE float, SALES int, TOTAL int);
COMMIT;
dbsql></pre></li>
<li>
<p>
Repeat step 3 to run other examples.
</p>
<p>
Note: Some examples, such as AutoGenKeys,
are not yet supported by BDB JDBC driver. The
<code class="literal">SQLFeatureNotSupportedException</code>
is displayed for those unsupported examples.
</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="idp736952"></a>Building the ODBC Driver</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
This section describes how to build the ODBC driver.
</p>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp730032"></a>Configuring Your System</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
To configure your system prior to building the ODBC
driver, do the following:
</p>
<div class="orderedlist">
<ol type="1">
<li>
Download and install the latest <a class="ulink" href="http://www.unixodbc.org" target="_top">unixODBC</a>
if ODBC is not already installed on your system.
</li>
<li>
Configure the ODBC server to work with
SQLite databases. Follow <a class="ulink" href="http://www.ch-werner.de/sqliteodbc/html/index.html" target="_top">
these instructions</a> from Christian
Werner.
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp741624"></a>Building the Library</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
To build the library, do the following:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
$ cd db-6.1.XX/build_unix
$ CFLAGS="-fPIC" ../dist/configure --enable-sql_compat --disable-shared
$ make
$ cd ../lang/sql/odbc
$ CFLAGS="-D_HAVE_SQLITE_CONFIG_H \
-I../../../build_unix -I../../../build_unix/sql \
-I../../../src/dbinc -I../sqlite/src" \
LDFLAGS="../../../build_unix/libdb-6.1.a" \
./configure --with-sqlite3=../generated
$ make</pre>
<p>
The <code class="literal">libsqlite3odbc.so</code> library
containing a statically linked version of Berkeley DB
SQL is now built.
</p>
<p>
NOTE: The final <code class="literal">make</code> command
above is known to generate a warning when using GCC.
The warning states: <code class="literal">Warning: Linking the
shared library libsqlite3odbc.la against the
static library
../../build_unix/libdb-6.1.a is not
portable!</code>. It is generally safe to
ignore the warning when using the generated library.
</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h4 class="title"><a id="idp745064"></a>Testing the ODBC Driver</h4>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
The steps to verify that the installed driver works
are as follows:
</p>
<div class="orderedlist">
<ol type="1">
<li>
Alter the
<code class="literal">/etc/odbcinst.ini</code> and
<code class="literal">~/.odbc.ini</code> configuration
files to refer to the libsqlite3odbc.so file built
above.
</li>
<li>
<p>
Create a data source, and launch a data
source viewer application by doing the
following:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">$ mkdir ~/databases
$ cd ~/databases
$ /path/to/Berkeley DB/build_unix/sqlite3 mytest.db
dbsql> CREATE TABLE t1(x);
dbsql> .quit
$ DataManager </pre>
<p>
The final step opens a GUI application that
displays ODBC data sources on a system. You
should be able to find the
<code class="literal">mytest.db</code> data source
just created.
</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<div class="titlepage">
<div>
<div>
<h3 class="title"><a id="bfile"></a>Building the BFILE extension</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>
The BFILE extension allows you to store binary files
outside of the database, but still operate upon them as if
they were stored within the database. To enable this
extension, use the
<code class="literal">--enable-load-extension</code>
configuration flag. For example:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">$ cd <db>/build_unix
$ export DBSQL_DIR=$PWD/../install
$ ../dist/configure --enable-sql --enable-load-extension \
--prefix=$DBSQL_DIR && make && make install
$ cd ../lang/sql/sqlite/ext/bfile/build
$ make && make install</pre>
<p>
BFILE extensions are only supported for Unix platforms.
</p>
<p>
Note that the extension support has two interfaces: SQL
expressions and a C-functions API. By default, the SQL
expressions are built when you use
<code class="literal">--enable-load_extension</code>. To use the
C-functions API, edit
<code class="literal"><db>/lang/sql/ext/bfile/build/Makefile</code>
and set <code class="literal">ENABLE_BFILE_CAPI</code> to
<code class="literal">1</code>.
</p>
<p>
Once you have enabled the extension and built the
library, you can run the included example:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">$ cd lang/sql/sqlite/ext/bfile/build
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PWD:$DBSQL_DIR/lib
$ ./bfile_example_sql # for SQL expressions interface
$ ./bfile_example_capi # for C-functions API</pre>
<p>
For more information on using the BFILE extension, see
the <em class="citetitle">Berkeley DB Getting Started with the SQL APIs</em> guide.
</p>
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