arc: Add ARCv2 XML target along with refactoring

A few changes have been made to make the register support simpler,
more flexible and extendible.  The trigger for most of these changes
are the remarks [1] made earlier for v2 of this patch.  The noticeable
improvements are:

- The arc XML target features are placed under gdb/features/arc
- There are two cores (based on ISA) and one auxiliary feature:
  v1-core: ARC600, ARC601, ARC700
  v2-core: ARC EM, ARC HS
  aux: common in both
- The XML target features represent a minimalistic sane set of
  registers irrespective of application (baremetal or linux).
- A concept of "feature" class has been introduced in the code.
  The "feature" object is constructed from BFD and GDBARCH data.
  It contains necessary information (ISA and register size) to
  determine which XML target feature to use.
- A new structure (ARC_REGISTER_FEATURE) is added that allows
  providing index, names, and the necessity of registers. This
  simplifies the sanity checks and future extendibility.
- Documnetation has been updated to reflect ARC features better.
- Although the feature names has changed, there still exists
  backward compatibility with older names through
  find_obsolete_[core,aux]_names() functions.

The last two points were inspired from RiscV port.

[1]
https://sourceware.org/pipermail/gdb-patches/2020-May/168511.html

gdb/ChangeLog:

	* arch/arc.h
	  (arc_gdbarch_features): New class to stir the selection of target XML.
	  (arc_create_target_description): Use FEATURES to choose XML target.
	  (arc_lookup_target_description): Use arc_create_target_description
	  to create _new_ target descriptions or return the already created
	  ones if the FEATURES is the same.
	* arch/arc.c: Implementation of prototypes described above.
	* gdb/arc-tdep.h (arc_regnum enum): Add more registers.
	  (arc_gdbarch_features_init): Initialize the FEATURES struct.
	* arc-tdep.c (*_feature_name): Make feature names consistent.
	  (arc_register_feature): A new struct to hold information about
	  registers of a particular target/feature.
	  (arc_check_tdesc_feature): Check if XML provides registers in
	  compliance with ARC_REGISTER_FEATURE structs.
	  (arc_update_acc_reg_names): Add aliases for r58 and r59.
	  (determine_*_reg_feature_set): Which feature name to look for.
	  (arc_gdbarch_features_init): Given MACH and ABFD, initialize FEATURES.
	  (mach_type_to_arc_isa): Convert from a set of binutils machine types
	  to expected ISA enums to be used in arc_gdbarch_features structs.
	* features/Makefile (FEATURE_XMLFILES): Add new files.
	* gdb/features/arc/v1-aux.c: New file.
	* gdb/features/arc/v1-aux.xml: Likewise.
	* gdb/features/arc/v1-core.c: Likewise.
	* gdb/features/arc/v1-core.xml: Likewise.
	* gdb/features/arc/v2-aux.c: Likewise.
	* gdb/features/arc/v2-aux.xml: Likewise.
	* gdb/features/arc/v2-core.c: Likewise.
	* gdb/features/arc/v2-core.xml: Likewise.
	* NEWS (Changes since GDB 9): Announce obsolence of old feature names.

gdb/doc/ChangeLog:

	* gdb.texinfo (Synopsys ARC): Update the documentation for ARC
	Features.

gdb/testsuite/ChangeLog:

	* gdb.arch/arc-tdesc-cpu.xml: Use new feature names.

2 files changed, 145 insertions, 42 deletions

diff --git a/gdb/arch/arc.c b/gdb/arch/arc.c
index 9552b4aff97..8e126ca5a82 100644
--- a/gdb/arch/arc.c
+++ b/gdb/arch/arc.c
@@ -17,42 +17,106 @@
 
 
 #include "gdbsupport/common-defs.h"
-#include <stdlib.h>
-
 #include "arc.h"
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <string>
 
 /* Target description features.  */
-#include "features/arc/core-v2.c"
-#include "features/arc/aux-v2.c"
-#include "features/arc/core-arcompact.c"
-#include "features/arc/aux-arcompact.c"
+#include "features/arc/v1-core.c"
+#include "features/arc/v1-aux.c"
+#include "features/arc/v2-core.c"
+#include "features/arc/v2-aux.c"
 
-/* See arc.h.  */
+#ifndef GDBSERVER
+#define STATIC_IN_GDB static
+#else
+#define STATIC_IN_GDB
+#endif
 
-target_desc *
-arc_create_target_description (arc_sys_type sys_type)
+STATIC_IN_GDB target_desc *
+arc_create_target_description (const struct arc_gdbarch_features &features)
 {
+  /* Create a new target description.  */
   target_desc *tdesc = allocate_target_description ();
 
-  long regnum = 0;
-
 #ifndef IN_PROCESS_AGENT
-  if (sys_type == ARC_SYS_TYPE_ARCV2)
-    set_tdesc_architecture (tdesc, "arc:ARCv2");
-  else
-    set_tdesc_architecture (tdesc, "arc:ARC700");
-#endif
+  std::string arch_name;
 
-  if (sys_type == ARC_SYS_TYPE_ARCV2)
+  /* Architecture names here must match the ones in
+     ARCH_INFO_STRUCT in bfd/cpu-arc.c.  */
+  if (features.isa == ARC_ISA_ARCV1 && features.reg_size == 4)
+      arch_name = "arc:ARC700";
+  else if (features.isa == ARC_ISA_ARCV2 && features.reg_size == 4)
+      arch_name = "arc:ARCv2";
+  else
     {
-      regnum = create_feature_arc_core_v2 (tdesc, regnum);
-      regnum = create_feature_arc_aux_v2 (tdesc, regnum);
+      std::string msg = string_printf
+	("Cannot determine architecture: ISA=%d; bitness=%d",
+	 features.isa, 8 * features.reg_size);
+      gdb_assert_not_reached (msg.c_str ());
     }
-  else
+
+  set_tdesc_architecture (tdesc, arch_name.c_str ());
+#endif
+
+  long regnum = 0;
+
+  switch (features.isa)
     {
-      regnum = create_feature_arc_core_arcompact (tdesc, regnum);
-      regnum = create_feature_arc_aux_arcompact (tdesc, regnum);
+    case ARC_ISA_ARCV1:
+      regnum = create_feature_arc_v1_core (tdesc, regnum);
+      regnum = create_feature_arc_v1_aux (tdesc, regnum);
+      break;
+    case ARC_ISA_ARCV2:
+      regnum = create_feature_arc_v2_core (tdesc, regnum);
+      regnum = create_feature_arc_v2_aux (tdesc, regnum);
+      break;
+    default:
+      std::string msg = string_printf
+	("Cannot choose target description XML: %d", features.isa);
+      gdb_assert_not_reached (msg.c_str ());
     }
 
   return tdesc;
 }
+
+#ifndef GDBSERVER
+
+/* Wrapper used by std::unordered_map to generate hash for features set.  */
+struct arc_gdbarch_features_hasher
+{
+  std::size_t
+  operator() (const arc_gdbarch_features &features) const noexcept
+  {
+    return features.hash ();
+  }
+};
+
+/* Cache of previously created target descriptions, indexed by the hash
+   of the features set used to create them.  */
+static std::unordered_map<arc_gdbarch_features,
+			  const target_desc_up,
+			  arc_gdbarch_features_hasher> arc_tdesc_cache;
+
+/* See arch/arc.h.  */
+
+const target_desc *
+arc_lookup_target_description (const struct arc_gdbarch_features &features)
+{
+  /* Lookup in the cache first.  If found, return the pointer from the
+     "target_desc_up" type which is a "unique_ptr".  This should be fine
+     as the "arc_tdesc_cache" will persist until GDB terminates.  */
+  const auto it = arc_tdesc_cache.find (features);
+  if (it != arc_tdesc_cache.end ())
+    return it->second.get ();
+
+  target_desc *tdesc = arc_create_target_description (features);
+
+  /* Add the newly created target description to the repertoire.  */
+  arc_tdesc_cache.emplace (features, tdesc);
+
+  return tdesc;
+}
+
+#endif /* !GDBSERVER */
diff --git a/gdb/arch/arc.h b/gdb/arch/arc.h
index fd806ae7d34..a5313b1fee6 100644
--- a/gdb/arch/arc.h
+++ b/gdb/arch/arc.h
@@ -20,29 +20,68 @@
 
 #include "gdbsupport/tdesc.h"
 
-/* Supported ARC system hardware types.  */
-enum arc_sys_type
+/* Supported ARC ISAs.  */
+enum arc_isa
 {
-  ARC_SYS_TYPE_ARCOMPACT = 0,	  /* ARC600 or ARC700 */
-  ARC_SYS_TYPE_ARCV2,		  /* ARC EM or ARC HS */
-  ARC_SYS_TYPE_NUM
+  ARC_ISA_ARCV1 = 1,  /* a.k.a. ARCompact (ARC600, ARC700)  */
+  ARC_ISA_ARCV2	      /* such as ARC EM and ARC HS  */
 };
 
-static inline const char *
-arc_sys_type_to_str (const arc_sys_type type)
+struct arc_gdbarch_features
 {
-  switch (type)
-    {
-    case ARC_SYS_TYPE_ARCOMPACT:
-      return "ARC_SYS_TYPE_ARCOMPACT";
-    case ARC_SYS_TYPE_ARCV2:
-      return "ARC_SYS_TYPE_ARCV2";
-    default:
-      return "Invalid";
-    }
-}
-
-/* Create target description for the specified system type.  */
-target_desc *arc_create_target_description (arc_sys_type sys_type);
+  arc_gdbarch_features (int reg_size, arc_isa isa)
+    : reg_size (reg_size), isa (isa)
+  {}
+
+  /* Register size in bytes.  Possible values are 4, and 8.  A 0 indicates
+     an uninitialised value.  */
+  const int reg_size;
+
+  /* See ARC_ISA enum.  */
+  const arc_isa isa;
+
+  /* Equality operator.  */
+  bool operator== (const struct arc_gdbarch_features &rhs) const
+  {
+    return (reg_size == rhs.reg_size && isa == rhs.isa);
+  }
+
+  /* Inequality operator.  */
+  bool operator!= (const struct arc_gdbarch_features &rhs) const
+  {
+    return !(*this == rhs);
+  }
+
+  /* Used by std::unordered_map to hash the feature sets.  The hash is
+     calculated in the manner below:
+     REG_SIZE |  ISA
+      5-bits  | 4-bits  */
+
+  std::size_t hash () const noexcept
+  {
+    std::size_t val = ((reg_size & 0x1f) << 8 | (isa & 0xf) << 0);
+    return val;
+  }
+};
+
+#ifdef GDBSERVER
+
+/* Create and return a target description that is compatible with FEATURES.
+   The only external client of this must be the gdbserver which manipulates
+   the returned data.  */
+
+target_desc *arc_create_target_description
+	(const struct arc_gdbarch_features &features);
+
+#else
+
+/* Lookup the cache for a target description matching the FEATURES.
+   If nothing is found, then create one and return it.  */
+
+const target_desc *arc_lookup_target_description
+	(const struct arc_gdbarch_features &features);
+
+#endif /* GDBSERVER */
+
 
 #endif /* ARCH_ARC_H */