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-/* GNU/Linux on ARM target support.
- Copyright 1999, 2000, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
- This file is part of GDB.
-
- This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
- it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- (at your option) any later version.
-
- This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- GNU General Public License for more details.
-
- You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
- Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
-
-#include "defs.h"
-#include "target.h"
-#include "value.h"
-#include "gdbtypes.h"
-#include "floatformat.h"
-#include "gdbcore.h"
-#include "frame.h"
-#include "regcache.h"
-#include "doublest.h"
-
-/* For arm_linux_skip_solib_resolver. */
-#include "symtab.h"
-#include "symfile.h"
-#include "objfiles.h"
-
-/* CALL_DUMMY_WORDS:
- This sequence of words is the instructions
-
- mov lr, pc
- mov pc, r4
- swi bkpt_swi
-
- Note this is 12 bytes. */
-
-LONGEST arm_linux_call_dummy_words[] =
-{
- 0xe1a0e00f, 0xe1a0f004, 0xef9f001
-};
-
-#ifdef GET_LONGJMP_TARGET
-
-/* Figure out where the longjmp will land. We expect that we have
- just entered longjmp and haven't yet altered r0, r1, so the
- arguments are still in the registers. (A1_REGNUM) points at the
- jmp_buf structure from which we extract the pc (JB_PC) that we will
- land at. The pc is copied into ADDR. This routine returns true on
- success. */
-
-#define LONGJMP_TARGET_SIZE sizeof(int)
-#define JB_ELEMENT_SIZE sizeof(int)
-#define JB_SL 18
-#define JB_FP 19
-#define JB_SP 20
-#define JB_PC 21
-
-int
-arm_get_longjmp_target (CORE_ADDR * pc)
-{
- CORE_ADDR jb_addr;
- char buf[LONGJMP_TARGET_SIZE];
-
- jb_addr = read_register (A1_REGNUM);
-
- if (target_read_memory (jb_addr + JB_PC * JB_ELEMENT_SIZE, buf,
- LONGJMP_TARGET_SIZE))
- return 0;
-
- *pc = extract_address (buf, LONGJMP_TARGET_SIZE);
- return 1;
-}
-
-#endif /* GET_LONGJMP_TARGET */
-
-/* Extract from an array REGBUF containing the (raw) register state
- a function return value of type TYPE, and copy that, in virtual format,
- into VALBUF. */
-
-void
-arm_linux_extract_return_value (struct type *type,
- char regbuf[REGISTER_BYTES],
- char *valbuf)
-{
- /* ScottB: This needs to be looked at to handle the different
- floating point emulators on ARM Linux. Right now the code
- assumes that fetch inferior registers does the right thing for
- GDB. I suspect this won't handle NWFPE registers correctly, nor
- will the default ARM version (arm_extract_return_value()). */
-
- int regnum = (TYPE_CODE_FLT == TYPE_CODE (type)) ? F0_REGNUM : A1_REGNUM;
- memcpy (valbuf, &regbuf[REGISTER_BYTE (regnum)], TYPE_LENGTH (type));
-}
-
-/* Note: ScottB
-
- This function does not support passing parameters using the FPA
- variant of the APCS. It passes any floating point arguments in the
- general registers and/or on the stack.
-
- FIXME: This and arm_push_arguments should be merged. However this
- function breaks on a little endian host, big endian target
- using the COFF file format. ELF is ok.
-
- ScottB. */
-
-/* Addresses for calling Thumb functions have the bit 0 set.
- Here are some macros to test, set, or clear bit 0 of addresses. */
-#define IS_THUMB_ADDR(addr) ((addr) & 1)
-#define MAKE_THUMB_ADDR(addr) ((addr) | 1)
-#define UNMAKE_THUMB_ADDR(addr) ((addr) & ~1)
-
-CORE_ADDR
-arm_linux_push_arguments (int nargs, struct value **args, CORE_ADDR sp,
- int struct_return, CORE_ADDR struct_addr)
-{
- char *fp;
- int argnum, argreg, nstack_size;
-
- /* Walk through the list of args and determine how large a temporary
- stack is required. Need to take care here as structs may be
- passed on the stack, and we have to to push them. */
- nstack_size = -4 * REGISTER_SIZE; /* Some arguments go into A1-A4. */
-
- if (struct_return) /* The struct address goes in A1. */
- nstack_size += REGISTER_SIZE;
-
- /* Walk through the arguments and add their size to nstack_size. */
- for (argnum = 0; argnum < nargs; argnum++)
- {
- int len;
- struct type *arg_type;
-
- arg_type = check_typedef (VALUE_TYPE (args[argnum]));
- len = TYPE_LENGTH (arg_type);
-
- /* ANSI C code passes float arguments as integers, K&R code
- passes float arguments as doubles. Correct for this here. */
- if (TYPE_CODE_FLT == TYPE_CODE (arg_type) && REGISTER_SIZE == len)
- nstack_size += FP_REGISTER_VIRTUAL_SIZE;
- else
- nstack_size += len;
- }
-
- /* Allocate room on the stack, and initialize our stack frame
- pointer. */
- fp = NULL;
- if (nstack_size > 0)
- {
- sp -= nstack_size;
- fp = (char *) sp;
- }
-
- /* Initialize the integer argument register pointer. */
- argreg = A1_REGNUM;
-
- /* The struct_return pointer occupies the first parameter passing
- register. */
- if (struct_return)
- write_register (argreg++, struct_addr);
-
- /* Process arguments from left to right. Store as many as allowed
- in the parameter passing registers (A1-A4), and save the rest on
- the temporary stack. */
- for (argnum = 0; argnum < nargs; argnum++)
- {
- int len;
- char *val;
- CORE_ADDR regval;
- enum type_code typecode;
- struct type *arg_type, *target_type;
-
- arg_type = check_typedef (VALUE_TYPE (args[argnum]));
- target_type = TYPE_TARGET_TYPE (arg_type);
- len = TYPE_LENGTH (arg_type);
- typecode = TYPE_CODE (arg_type);
- val = (char *) VALUE_CONTENTS (args[argnum]);
-
- /* ANSI C code passes float arguments as integers, K&R code
- passes float arguments as doubles. The .stabs record for
- for ANSI prototype floating point arguments records the
- type as FP_INTEGER, while a K&R style (no prototype)
- .stabs records the type as FP_FLOAT. In this latter case
- the compiler converts the float arguments to double before
- calling the function. */
- if (TYPE_CODE_FLT == typecode && REGISTER_SIZE == len)
- {
- DOUBLEST dblval;
- dblval = extract_floating (val, len);
- len = TARGET_DOUBLE_BIT / TARGET_CHAR_BIT;
- val = alloca (len);
- store_floating (val, len, dblval);
- }
-
- /* If the argument is a pointer to a function, and it is a Thumb
- function, set the low bit of the pointer. */
- if (TYPE_CODE_PTR == typecode
- && NULL != target_type
- && TYPE_CODE_FUNC == TYPE_CODE (target_type))
- {
- CORE_ADDR regval = extract_address (val, len);
- if (arm_pc_is_thumb (regval))
- store_address (val, len, MAKE_THUMB_ADDR (regval));
- }
-
- /* Copy the argument to general registers or the stack in
- register-sized pieces. Large arguments are split between
- registers and stack. */
- while (len > 0)
- {
- int partial_len = len < REGISTER_SIZE ? len : REGISTER_SIZE;
-
- if (argreg <= ARM_LAST_ARG_REGNUM)
- {
- /* It's an argument being passed in a general register. */
- regval = extract_address (val, partial_len);
- write_register (argreg++, regval);
- }
- else
- {
- /* Push the arguments onto the stack. */
- write_memory ((CORE_ADDR) fp, val, REGISTER_SIZE);
- fp += REGISTER_SIZE;
- }
-
- len -= partial_len;
- val += partial_len;
- }
- }
-
- /* Return adjusted stack pointer. */
- return sp;
-}
-
-/*
- Dynamic Linking on ARM Linux
- ----------------------------
-
- Note: PLT = procedure linkage table
- GOT = global offset table
-
- As much as possible, ELF dynamic linking defers the resolution of
- jump/call addresses until the last minute. The technique used is
- inspired by the i386 ELF design, and is based on the following
- constraints.
-
- 1) The calling technique should not force a change in the assembly
- code produced for apps; it MAY cause changes in the way assembly
- code is produced for position independent code (i.e. shared
- libraries).
-
- 2) The technique must be such that all executable areas must not be
- modified; and any modified areas must not be executed.
-
- To do this, there are three steps involved in a typical jump:
-
- 1) in the code
- 2) through the PLT
- 3) using a pointer from the GOT
-
- When the executable or library is first loaded, each GOT entry is
- initialized to point to the code which implements dynamic name
- resolution and code finding. This is normally a function in the
- program interpreter (on ARM Linux this is usually ld-linux.so.2,
- but it does not have to be). On the first invocation, the function
- is located and the GOT entry is replaced with the real function
- address. Subsequent calls go through steps 1, 2 and 3 and end up
- calling the real code.
-
- 1) In the code:
-
- b function_call
- bl function_call
-
- This is typical ARM code using the 26 bit relative branch or branch
- and link instructions. The target of the instruction
- (function_call is usually the address of the function to be called.
- In position independent code, the target of the instruction is
- actually an entry in the PLT when calling functions in a shared
- library. Note that this call is identical to a normal function
- call, only the target differs.
-
- 2) In the PLT:
-
- The PLT is a synthetic area, created by the linker. It exists in
- both executables and libraries. It is an array of stubs, one per
- imported function call. It looks like this:
-
- PLT[0]:
- str lr, [sp, #-4]! @push the return address (lr)
- ldr lr, [pc, #16] @load from 6 words ahead
- add lr, pc, lr @form an address for GOT[0]
- ldr pc, [lr, #8]! @jump to the contents of that addr
-
- The return address (lr) is pushed on the stack and used for
- calculations. The load on the second line loads the lr with
- &GOT[3] - . - 20. The addition on the third leaves:
-
- lr = (&GOT[3] - . - 20) + (. + 8)
- lr = (&GOT[3] - 12)
- lr = &GOT[0]
-
- On the fourth line, the pc and lr are both updated, so that:
-
- pc = GOT[2]
- lr = &GOT[0] + 8
- = &GOT[2]
-
- NOTE: PLT[0] borrows an offset .word from PLT[1]. This is a little
- "tight", but allows us to keep all the PLT entries the same size.
-
- PLT[n+1]:
- ldr ip, [pc, #4] @load offset from gotoff
- add ip, pc, ip @add the offset to the pc
- ldr pc, [ip] @jump to that address
- gotoff: .word GOT[n+3] - .
-
- The load on the first line, gets an offset from the fourth word of
- the PLT entry. The add on the second line makes ip = &GOT[n+3],
- which contains either a pointer to PLT[0] (the fixup trampoline) or
- a pointer to the actual code.
-
- 3) In the GOT:
-
- The GOT contains helper pointers for both code (PLT) fixups and
- data fixups. The first 3 entries of the GOT are special. The next
- M entries (where M is the number of entries in the PLT) belong to
- the PLT fixups. The next D (all remaining) entries belong to
- various data fixups. The actual size of the GOT is 3 + M + D.
-
- The GOT is also a synthetic area, created by the linker. It exists
- in both executables and libraries. When the GOT is first
- initialized , all the GOT entries relating to PLT fixups are
- pointing to code back at PLT[0].
-
- The special entries in the GOT are:
-
- GOT[0] = linked list pointer used by the dynamic loader
- GOT[1] = pointer to the reloc table for this module
- GOT[2] = pointer to the fixup/resolver code
-
- The first invocation of function call comes through and uses the
- fixup/resolver code. On the entry to the fixup/resolver code:
-
- ip = &GOT[n+3]
- lr = &GOT[2]
- stack[0] = return address (lr) of the function call
- [r0, r1, r2, r3] are still the arguments to the function call
-
- This is enough information for the fixup/resolver code to work
- with. Before the fixup/resolver code returns, it actually calls
- the requested function and repairs &GOT[n+3]. */
-
-/* Find the minimal symbol named NAME, and return both the minsym
- struct and its objfile. This probably ought to be in minsym.c, but
- everything there is trying to deal with things like C++ and
- SOFUN_ADDRESS_MAYBE_TURQUOISE, ... Since this is so simple, it may
- be considered too special-purpose for general consumption. */
-
-static struct minimal_symbol *
-find_minsym_and_objfile (char *name, struct objfile **objfile_p)
-{
- struct objfile *objfile;
-
- ALL_OBJFILES (objfile)
- {
- struct minimal_symbol *msym;
-
- ALL_OBJFILE_MSYMBOLS (objfile, msym)
- {
- if (SYMBOL_NAME (msym)
- && STREQ (SYMBOL_NAME (msym), name))
- {
- *objfile_p = objfile;
- return msym;
- }
- }
- }
-
- return 0;
-}
-
-
-static CORE_ADDR
-skip_hurd_resolver (CORE_ADDR pc)
-{
- /* The HURD dynamic linker is part of the GNU C library, so many
- GNU/Linux distributions use it. (All ELF versions, as far as I
- know.) An unresolved PLT entry points to "_dl_runtime_resolve",
- which calls "fixup" to patch the PLT, and then passes control to
- the function.
-
- We look for the symbol `_dl_runtime_resolve', and find `fixup' in
- the same objfile. If we are at the entry point of `fixup', then
- we set a breakpoint at the return address (at the top of the
- stack), and continue.
-
- It's kind of gross to do all these checks every time we're
- called, since they don't change once the executable has gotten
- started. But this is only a temporary hack --- upcoming versions
- of Linux will provide a portable, efficient interface for
- debugging programs that use shared libraries. */
-
- struct objfile *objfile;
- struct minimal_symbol *resolver
- = find_minsym_and_objfile ("_dl_runtime_resolve", &objfile);
-
- if (resolver)
- {
- struct minimal_symbol *fixup
- = lookup_minimal_symbol ("fixup", NULL, objfile);
-
- if (fixup && SYMBOL_VALUE_ADDRESS (fixup) == pc)
- return (SAVED_PC_AFTER_CALL (get_current_frame ()));
- }
-
- return 0;
-}
-
-/* See the comments for SKIP_SOLIB_RESOLVER at the top of infrun.c.
- This function:
- 1) decides whether a PLT has sent us into the linker to resolve
- a function reference, and
- 2) if so, tells us where to set a temporary breakpoint that will
- trigger when the dynamic linker is done. */
-
-CORE_ADDR
-arm_linux_skip_solib_resolver (CORE_ADDR pc)
-{
- CORE_ADDR result;
-
- /* Plug in functions for other kinds of resolvers here. */
- result = skip_hurd_resolver (pc);
-
- if (result)
- return result;
-
- return 0;
-}
-
-/* The constants below were determined by examining the following files
- in the linux kernel sources:
-
- arch/arm/kernel/signal.c
- - see SWI_SYS_SIGRETURN and SWI_SYS_RT_SIGRETURN
- include/asm-arm/unistd.h
- - see __NR_sigreturn, __NR_rt_sigreturn, and __NR_SYSCALL_BASE */
-
-#define ARM_LINUX_SIGRETURN_INSTR 0xef900077
-#define ARM_LINUX_RT_SIGRETURN_INSTR 0xef9000ad
-
-/* arm_linux_in_sigtramp determines if PC points at one of the
- instructions which cause control to return to the Linux kernel upon
- return from a signal handler. FUNC_NAME is unused. */
-
-int
-arm_linux_in_sigtramp (CORE_ADDR pc, char *func_name)
-{
- unsigned long inst;
-
- inst = read_memory_integer (pc, 4);
-
- return (inst == ARM_LINUX_SIGRETURN_INSTR
- || inst == ARM_LINUX_RT_SIGRETURN_INSTR);
-
-}
-
-/* arm_linux_sigcontext_register_address returns the address in the
- sigcontext of register REGNO given a stack pointer value SP and
- program counter value PC. The value 0 is returned if PC is not
- pointing at one of the signal return instructions or if REGNO is
- not saved in the sigcontext struct. */
-
-CORE_ADDR
-arm_linux_sigcontext_register_address (CORE_ADDR sp, CORE_ADDR pc, int regno)
-{
- unsigned long inst;
- CORE_ADDR reg_addr = 0;
-
- inst = read_memory_integer (pc, 4);
-
- if (inst == ARM_LINUX_SIGRETURN_INSTR || inst == ARM_LINUX_RT_SIGRETURN_INSTR)
- {
- CORE_ADDR sigcontext_addr;
-
- /* The sigcontext structure is at different places for the two
- signal return instructions. For ARM_LINUX_SIGRETURN_INSTR,
- it starts at the SP value. For ARM_LINUX_RT_SIGRETURN_INSTR,
- it is at SP+8. For the latter instruction, it may also be
- the case that the address of this structure may be determined
- by reading the 4 bytes at SP, but I'm not convinced this is
- reliable.
-
- In any event, these magic constants (0 and 8) may be
- determined by examining struct sigframe and struct
- rt_sigframe in arch/arm/kernel/signal.c in the Linux kernel
- sources. */
-
- if (inst == ARM_LINUX_RT_SIGRETURN_INSTR)
- sigcontext_addr = sp + 8;
- else /* inst == ARM_LINUX_SIGRETURN_INSTR */
- sigcontext_addr = sp + 0;
-
- /* The layout of the sigcontext structure for ARM GNU/Linux is
- in include/asm-arm/sigcontext.h in the Linux kernel sources.
-
- There are three 4-byte fields which precede the saved r0
- field. (This accounts for the 12 in the code below.) The
- sixteen registers (4 bytes per field) follow in order. The
- PSR value follows the sixteen registers which accounts for
- the constant 19 below. */
-
- if (0 <= regno && regno <= PC_REGNUM)
- reg_addr = sigcontext_addr + 12 + (4 * regno);
- else if (regno == PS_REGNUM)
- reg_addr = sigcontext_addr + 19 * 4;
- }
-
- return reg_addr;
-}
-
-void
-_initialize_arm_linux_tdep (void)
-{
-}