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-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html>
- <head>
- <title>Bundler: The best way to manage a Ruby application's gems</title>
- <meta content='text/html; charset=UTF-8' http-equiv='Content-Type'>
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- <body>
- <div id='body'>
- <div id='header'>
- <a class="image" href="/"><img width="725" alt="The best way to manage your application's dependencies" src="/images/gembundler.png" /></a>
- </div>
- <div id='container'>
- <div id='contents'>
- <h2>In Depth</h2>
- <div class='contents'>
- <div class='bullet'>
- <div class='description'>
- Read the manual for an in-depth discussion of all of the options available in the
- <code>Gemfile</code> and how to use them.
- </div>
- <a href="./man/gemfile.5.html">Gemfile manual</a>
- </div>
- </div>
- <h2>Gemfiles</h2>
- <div class='contents'>
- <div class='bullet'>
- <div class='description'>
- Gemfiles require at least one gem source, in the form of the URL for a Rubygems server.
- There are shortcuts for the default gem server, so all of these sources are the same.
- </div>
- <pre class="highlight ruby"><span class="n">source</span> <span class="ss">:rubygems</span>&#x000A;<span class="n">source</span> <span class="s1">'http://rubygems.org'</span>&#x000A;<span class="n">source</span> <span class="ss">:rubyforge</span>&#x000A;<span class="n">source</span> <span class="s1">'http://gems.rubyforge.org'</span>&#x000A;<span class="n">source</span> <span class="ss">:gemcutter</span>&#x000A;<span class="n">source</span> <span class="s1">'http://gemcutter.org'</span>&#x000A;</pre>
- </div>
- <div class='bullet'>
- <div class='description'>
- Declare the gems that you need, including version numbers. Specify versions using the same
- syntax that Rubygems supports for dependencies.
- </div>
- <pre class="highlight ruby"><span class="n">gem</span> <span class="s1">'nokogiri'</span>&#x000A;<span class="n">gem</span> <span class="s1">'rails'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'3.0.0.beta3'</span>&#x000A;<span class="n">gem</span> <span class="s1">'rack'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'&gt;=1.0'</span>&#x000A;<span class="n">gem</span> <span class="s1">'thin'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'~&gt;1.1'</span></pre>
- <div class='notes'>
- Most of the version specifiers, like <code>>= 1.0</code>, are self-explanatory.
- The specifier <code>~></code> has a special meaning, best shown by example.
- <code>~> 2.0.3</code> is identical to <code>>= 2.0.3</code> and <code>< 2.1</code>.
- <code>~> 2.1</code> is identical to <code>>= 2.1</code> and <code>< 3.0</code>.
- <code>~> 2.2.beta</code> will match prerelease versions like <code>2.2.beta.12</code>.
- </div>
- <a href="http://guides.rubygems.org/patterns/#pessimistic_version_constraint">Rubygems version specifiers</a>
- </div>
- <div class='bullet'>
- <div class='description'>
- If a gem's main file is different than the gem name, specify how to require it.
- </div>
- <pre class="highlight ruby"><span class="n">gem</span> <span class="s1">'rspec'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:require</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">'spec'</span>&#x000A;<span class="n">gem</span> <span class="s1">'sqlite3'</span></pre>
- <div class='description'>
- Specify <code>:require => false</code> to prevent bundler from requiring the gem, but still install it and maintain dependencies.
- </div>
- <pre class="highlight ruby"><span class="n">gem</span> <span class="s1">'rspec'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:require</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="kp">false</span>&#x000A;<span class="n">gem</span> <span class="s1">'sqlite3'</span></pre>
- <div class='notes'>
- In order to require gems in your <code>Gemfile</code>, you will need to call
- <code>Bundler.require</code> in your application.
- </div>
- <a href="/v1.2/groups.html">Learn More: Bundler.require</a>
- </div>
- <div class='bullet'>
- <div class='description'>
- Git repositories are also valid gem sources, as long as the repo contains one or
- more valid gems. Specify what to check out with <code>:tag</code>,
- <code>:branch</code>, or <code>:ref</code>. The default is the <code>master</code> branch.
- </div>
- <pre class="highlight ruby"><span class="n">gem</span> <span class="s1">'nokogiri'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:git</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">'https://github.com/tenderlove/nokogiri.git'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:branch</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">'1.4'</span>&#x000A;&#x000A;<span class="n">git</span> <span class="s1">'https://github.com/wycats/thor.git'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:tag</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">'v0.13.4'</span>&#x000A;<span class="n">gem</span> <span class="s1">'thor'</span></pre>
- <div class='notes'>
- If the git repository does not contain a <code>.gemspec</code> file, bundler
- will create a simple one, without any dependencies, executables or C extensions.
- This may work for simple gems, but not work for others. If there is no .gemspec,
- you probably shouldn't use the gem from git.
- </div>
- <a href="/v1.2/git.html">Learn more: Git</a>
- </div>
- <div class='bullet'>
- <div class='description'>
- If you are actively developing a gem, perhaps checked out from Github, you can use the gem
- directly from its directory on your filesystem.
- </div>
- <pre class="highlight ruby"><span class="n">gem</span> <span class="s1">'nokogiri'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:path</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">'~/sw/gems/nokogiri'</span>&#x000A;</pre>
- </div>
- <div class='bullet'>
- <div class='description'>
- Dependencies can be placed into groups, to be ignored at install-time or required all at once.
- </div>
- <pre class="highlight ruby"><span class="n">gem</span> <span class="s1">'wirble'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:group</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="ss">:development</span>&#x000A;<span class="n">gem</span> <span class="s1">'ruby-debug'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:group</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="o">[</span><span class="ss">:development</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:test</span><span class="o">]</span>&#x000A;&#x000A;<span class="n">group</span> <span class="ss">:test</span> <span class="k">do</span>&#x000A; <span class="n">gem</span> <span class="s1">'rspec'</span>&#x000A;<span class="k">end</span></pre>
- <a href="/v1.2/groups.html">Learn more: Groups</a>
- </div>
- <div class='bullet'>
- <div class='description'>
- You can now specify the version of Ruby in the <code>Gemfile</code> like the following:
- </div>
- <pre class="highlight ruby"><span class="n">ruby</span> <span class="s1">'1.9.3'</span>&#x000A;</pre>
- </div>
- <div class='bullet'>
- <div class='description'>
- What this means is that this app has a dependency to a Ruby VM that is ABI compatible with 1.9.3. If the version check does not match, Bundler will raise an exception. This will ensure the running code matches. You can be more specific with the <code>:engine</code> and <code>:engine_version</code> options.
- </div>
- <pre class="highlight ruby"><span class="n">ruby</span> <span class="s1">'1.9.3'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:engine</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">'jruby'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="ss">:engine_version</span> <span class="o">=&gt;</span> <span class="s1">'1.6.7'</span></pre>
- <a href="/v1.2/gemfile_ruby.html">Learn More: Ruby Directive</a>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
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- Many thanks to Bundler's <a href="/contributors.html">contributors</a>
- and <a href="/sponsors.html">sponsors</a>
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