path: root/cloudinit/netinfo.py

# Copyright (C) 2012 Canonical Ltd.
# Copyright (C) 2012 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
# Copyright (C) 2012 Yahoo! Inc.
#
# Author: Scott Moser <scott.moser@canonical.com>
# Author: Juerg Haefliger <juerg.haefliger@hp.com>
# Author: Joshua Harlow <harlowja@yahoo-inc.com>
#
# This file is part of cloud-init. See LICENSE file for license information.

import json
import re
from copy import copy, deepcopy
from ipaddress import IPv4Network

from cloudinit import log as logging
from cloudinit import subp, util
from cloudinit.net.network_state import net_prefix_to_ipv4_mask
from cloudinit.simpletable import SimpleTable

LOG = logging.getLogger()

# Example netdev format:
# {'eth0': {'hwaddr': '00:16:3e:16:db:54',
#           'ipv4': [{'bcast': '10.85.130.255',
#                     'ip': '10.85.130.116',
#                     'mask': '255.255.255.0',
#                     'scope': 'global'}],
#           'ipv6': [{'ip': 'fd42:baa2:3dd:17a:216:3eff:fe16:db54/64',
#                     'scope6': 'global'},
#                    {'ip': 'fe80::216:3eff:fe16:db54/64', 'scope6': 'link'}],
#           'up': True},
#  'lo': {'hwaddr': '',
#         'ipv4': [{'bcast': '',
#                   'ip': '127.0.0.1',
#                   'mask': '255.0.0.0',
#                   'scope': 'host'}],
#         'ipv6': [{'ip': '::1/128', 'scope6': 'host'}],
#         'up': True}}
DEFAULT_NETDEV_INFO = {"ipv4": [], "ipv6": [], "hwaddr": "", "up": False}


def _netdev_info_iproute_json(ipaddr_json):
    """Get network device dicts from ip route and ip link info.

    ipaddr_json: Output string from 'ip --json addr' command.

    Returns a dict of device info keyed by network device name containing
    device configuration values.

    Raises json.JSONDecodeError if json could not be decoded
    """
    ipaddr_data = json.loads(ipaddr_json)
    devs = {}

    for dev in ipaddr_data:
        flags = dev["flags"] if "flags" in dev else []
        address = dev["address"] if dev.get("link_type") == "ether" else ""
        dev_info = {
            "hwaddr": address,
            "up": bool("UP" in flags and "LOWER_UP" in flags),
            "ipv4": [],
            "ipv6": [],
        }
        for addr in dev.get("addr_info", []):
            if addr.get("family") == "inet":
                mask = (
                    str(IPv4Network(f'0.0.0.0/{addr["prefixlen"]}').netmask)
                    if "prefixlen" in addr
                    else ""
                )
                parsed_addr = {
                    "ip": addr.get("local", ""),
                    "mask": mask,
                    "bcast": addr.get("broadcast", ""),
                    "scope": addr.get("scope", ""),
                }
                dev_info["ipv4"].append(parsed_addr)
            elif addr["family"] == "inet6":
                ip = addr.get("local", "")
                # address here refers to a peer address, and according
                # to "man 8 ip-address":
                # If a peer address is specified, the local address cannot
                # have a prefix length. The network prefix is associated
                # with the peer rather than with the local address.
                if ip and not addr.get("address"):
                    ip = f"{ip}/{addr.get('prefixlen', 64)}"
                parsed_addr = {
                    "ip": ip,
                    "scope6": addr.get("scope", ""),
                }
                dev_info["ipv6"].append(parsed_addr)
        devs[dev["ifname"]] = dev_info
    return devs


@util.deprecate_call(
    deprecated_version="22.1",
    extra_message="Required by old iproute2 versions that don't "
    "support ip json output. Consider upgrading to a more recent version.",
)
def _netdev_info_iproute(ipaddr_out):
    """
    @param ipaddr_out: Output string from 'ip addr show' command.

    @returns: A dict of device info keyed by network device name containing
              device configuration values.
    @raise: TypeError if ipaddr_out isn't a string.
    """
    devs = {}
    dev_name = None
    for num, line in enumerate(ipaddr_out.splitlines()):
        m = re.match(r"^\d+:\s(?P<dev>[^:]+):\s+<(?P<flags>\S+)>\s+.*", line)
        if m:
            dev_name = m.group("dev").lower().split("@")[0]
            flags = m.group("flags").split(",")
            devs[dev_name] = {
                "ipv4": [],
                "ipv6": [],
                "hwaddr": "",
                "up": bool("UP" in flags and "LOWER_UP" in flags),
            }
        elif "inet6" in line:
            m = re.match(
                r"\s+inet6\s(?P<ip>\S+)"
                r"(\s(peer\s\S+))?"
                r"\sscope\s(?P<scope6>\S+).*",
                line,
            )
            if not m:
                LOG.warning(
                    "Could not parse ip addr show: (line:%d) %s", num, line
                )
                continue
            devs[dev_name]["ipv6"].append(m.groupdict())
        elif "inet" in line:
            m = re.match(
                r"\s+inet\s(?P<cidr4>\S+)"
                r"(\smetric\s(?P<metric>\d+))?"
                r"(\sbrd\s(?P<bcast>\S+))?"
                r"\sscope\s(?P<scope>\S+).*",
                line,
            )
            if not m:
                LOG.warning(
                    "Could not parse ip addr show: (line:%d) %s", num, line
                )
                continue
            match = m.groupdict()
            cidr4 = match.pop("cidr4")
            addr, _, prefix = cidr4.partition("/")
            if not prefix:
                prefix = "32"
            devs[dev_name]["ipv4"].append(
                {
                    "ip": addr,
                    "bcast": match["bcast"] if match["bcast"] else "",
                    "mask": net_prefix_to_ipv4_mask(prefix),
                    "scope": match["scope"],
                }
            )
        elif "link" in line:
            m = re.match(
                r"\s+link/(?P<link_type>\S+)\s(?P<hwaddr>\S+).*", line
            )
            if not m:
                LOG.warning(
                    "Could not parse ip addr show: (line:%d) %s", num, line
                )
                continue
            if m.group("link_type") == "ether":
                devs[dev_name]["hwaddr"] = m.group("hwaddr")
            else:
                devs[dev_name]["hwaddr"] = ""
        else:
            continue
    return devs


def _netdev_info_ifconfig_netbsd(ifconfig_data):
    # fields that need to be returned in devs for each dev
    devs = {}
    for line in ifconfig_data.splitlines():
        if len(line) == 0:
            continue
        if line[0] not in ("\t", " "):
            curdev = line.split()[0]
            # current ifconfig pops a ':' on the end of the device
            if curdev.endswith(":"):
                curdev = curdev[:-1]
            if curdev not in devs:
                devs[curdev] = deepcopy(DEFAULT_NETDEV_INFO)
        toks = line.lower().strip().split()
        if len(toks) > 1:
            if re.search(r"flags=[x\d]+<up.*>", toks[1]):
                devs[curdev]["up"] = True

        for i in range(len(toks)):
            if toks[i] == "inet":  # Create new ipv4 addr entry
                network, net_bits = toks[i + 1].split("/")
                devs[curdev]["ipv4"].append(
                    {"ip": network, "mask": net_prefix_to_ipv4_mask(net_bits)}
                )
            elif toks[i] == "broadcast":
                devs[curdev]["ipv4"][-1]["bcast"] = toks[i + 1]
            elif toks[i] == "address:":
                devs[curdev]["hwaddr"] = toks[i + 1]
            elif toks[i] == "inet6":
                if toks[i + 1] == "addr:":
                    devs[curdev]["ipv6"].append({"ip": toks[i + 2]})
                else:
                    devs[curdev]["ipv6"].append({"ip": toks[i + 1]})
            elif toks[i] == "prefixlen":  # Add prefix to current ipv6 value
                addr6 = devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["ip"] + "/" + toks[i + 1]
                devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["ip"] = addr6
            elif toks[i].startswith("scope:"):
                devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["scope6"] = toks[i].lstrip("scope:")
            elif toks[i] == "scopeid":
                res = re.match(r".*<(\S+)>", toks[i + 1])
                if res:
                    devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["scope6"] = res.group(1)
                else:
                    devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["scope6"] = toks[i + 1]

    return devs


def _netdev_info_ifconfig(ifconfig_data):
    # fields that need to be returned in devs for each dev
    devs = {}
    for line in ifconfig_data.splitlines():
        if len(line) == 0:
            continue
        if line[0] not in ("\t", " "):
            curdev = line.split()[0]
            # current ifconfig pops a ':' on the end of the device
            if curdev.endswith(":"):
                curdev = curdev[:-1]
            if curdev not in devs:
                devs[curdev] = deepcopy(DEFAULT_NETDEV_INFO)
        toks = line.lower().strip().split()
        if toks[0] == "up":
            devs[curdev]["up"] = True
        # If the output of ifconfig doesn't contain the required info in the
        # obvious place, use a regex filter to be sure.
        elif len(toks) > 1:
            if re.search(r"flags=\d+<up,", toks[1]):
                devs[curdev]["up"] = True

        for i in range(len(toks)):
            if toks[i] == "inet":  # Create new ipv4 addr entry
                devs[curdev]["ipv4"].append(
                    {"ip": toks[i + 1].lstrip("addr:")}
                )
            elif toks[i].startswith("bcast:"):
                devs[curdev]["ipv4"][-1]["bcast"] = toks[i].lstrip("bcast:")
            elif toks[i] == "broadcast":
                devs[curdev]["ipv4"][-1]["bcast"] = toks[i + 1]
            elif toks[i].startswith("mask:"):
                devs[curdev]["ipv4"][-1]["mask"] = toks[i].lstrip("mask:")
            elif toks[i] == "netmask":
                devs[curdev]["ipv4"][-1]["mask"] = toks[i + 1]
            elif toks[i] == "hwaddr" or toks[i] == "ether":
                devs[curdev]["hwaddr"] = toks[i + 1]
            elif toks[i] == "inet6":
                if toks[i + 1] == "addr:":
                    devs[curdev]["ipv6"].append({"ip": toks[i + 2]})
                else:
                    devs[curdev]["ipv6"].append({"ip": toks[i + 1]})
            elif toks[i] == "prefixlen":  # Add prefix to current ipv6 value
                addr6 = devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["ip"] + "/" + toks[i + 1]
                devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["ip"] = addr6
            elif toks[i].startswith("scope:"):
                devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["scope6"] = toks[i].lstrip("scope:")
            elif toks[i] == "scopeid":
                res = re.match(r".*<(\S+)>", toks[i + 1])
                if res:
                    devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["scope6"] = res.group(1)
                else:
                    devs[curdev]["ipv6"][-1]["scope6"] = toks[i + 1]

    return devs


def netdev_info(empty=""):
    devs = {}
    if util.is_NetBSD():
        (ifcfg_out, _err) = subp.subp(["ifconfig", "-a"], rcs=[0, 1])
        devs = _netdev_info_ifconfig_netbsd(ifcfg_out)
    elif subp.which("ip"):
        # Try iproute first of all
        try:
            (ipaddr_out, _err) = subp.subp(["ip", "--json", "addr"])
            devs = _netdev_info_iproute_json(ipaddr_out)
        except subp.ProcessExecutionError:
            # Can be removed when "ip --json" is available everywhere
            (ipaddr_out, _err) = subp.subp(["ip", "addr", "show"])
            devs = _netdev_info_iproute(ipaddr_out)
    elif subp.which("ifconfig"):
        # Fall back to net-tools if iproute2 is not present
        (ifcfg_out, _err) = subp.subp(["ifconfig", "-a"], rcs=[0, 1])
        devs = _netdev_info_ifconfig(ifcfg_out)
    else:
        LOG.warning(
            "Could not print networks: missing 'ip' and 'ifconfig' commands"
        )

    if empty == "":
        return devs

    recurse_types = (dict, tuple, list)

    def fill(data, new_val="", empty_vals=("", b"")):
        """Recursively replace 'empty_vals' in data (dict, tuple, list)
        with new_val"""
        if isinstance(data, dict):
            myiter = data.items()
        elif isinstance(data, (tuple, list)):
            myiter = enumerate(data)
        else:
            raise TypeError("Unexpected input to fill")

        for key, val in myiter:
            if val in empty_vals:
                data[key] = new_val
            elif isinstance(val, recurse_types):
                fill(val, new_val)

    fill(devs, new_val=empty)
    return devs


def _netdev_route_info_iproute(iproute_data):
    """
    Get network route dicts from ip route info.

    @param iproute_data: Output string from ip route command.

    @returns: A dict containing ipv4 and ipv6 route entries as lists. Each
              item in the list is a route dictionary representing destination,
              gateway, flags, genmask and interface information.
    """

    routes = {}
    routes["ipv4"] = []
    routes["ipv6"] = []
    entries = iproute_data.splitlines()
    default_route_entry = {
        "destination": "",
        "flags": "",
        "gateway": "",
        "genmask": "",
        "iface": "",
        "metric": "",
    }
    for line in entries:
        entry = copy(default_route_entry)
        if not line:
            continue
        toks = line.split()
        flags = ["U"]
        if toks[0] == "default":
            entry["destination"] = "0.0.0.0"
            entry["genmask"] = "0.0.0.0"
        else:
            if "/" in toks[0]:
                (addr, cidr) = toks[0].split("/")
            else:
                addr = toks[0]
                cidr = "32"
                flags.append("H")
                entry["genmask"] = net_prefix_to_ipv4_mask(cidr)
            entry["destination"] = addr
            entry["genmask"] = net_prefix_to_ipv4_mask(cidr)
            entry["gateway"] = "0.0.0.0"
        for i in range(len(toks)):
            if toks[i] == "via":
                entry["gateway"] = toks[i + 1]
                flags.insert(1, "G")
            if toks[i] == "dev":
                entry["iface"] = toks[i + 1]
            if toks[i] == "metric":
                entry["metric"] = toks[i + 1]
        entry["flags"] = "".join(flags)
        routes["ipv4"].append(entry)
    try:
        (iproute_data6, _err6) = subp.subp(
            ["ip", "--oneline", "-6", "route", "list", "table", "all"],
            rcs=[0, 1],
        )
    except subp.ProcessExecutionError:
        pass
    else:
        entries6 = iproute_data6.splitlines()
        for line in entries6:
            entry = {}
            if not line:
                continue
            toks = line.split()
            if toks[0] == "default":
                entry["destination"] = "::/0"
                entry["flags"] = "UG"
            else:
                entry["destination"] = toks[0]
                entry["gateway"] = "::"
                entry["flags"] = "U"
            for i in range(len(toks)):
                if toks[i] == "via":
                    entry["gateway"] = toks[i + 1]
                    entry["flags"] = "UG"
                if toks[i] == "dev":
                    entry["iface"] = toks[i + 1]
                if toks[i] == "metric":
                    entry["metric"] = toks[i + 1]
                if toks[i] == "expires":
                    entry["flags"] = entry["flags"] + "e"
            routes["ipv6"].append(entry)
    return routes


def _netdev_route_info_netstat(route_data):
    routes = {}
    routes["ipv4"] = []
    routes["ipv6"] = []

    entries = route_data.splitlines()
    for line in entries:
        if not line:
            continue
        toks = line.split()
        # FreeBSD shows 6 items in the routing table:
        #  Destination  Gateway    Flags Refs    Use  Netif Expire
        #  default      10.65.0.1  UGS      0  34920 vtnet0
        #
        # Linux netstat shows 2 more:
        #  Destination  Gateway    Genmask  Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
        #  0.0.0.0      10.65.0.1  0.0.0.0  UG    0      0        0 eth0
        if (
            len(toks) < 6
            or toks[0] == "Kernel"
            or toks[0] == "Destination"
            or toks[0] == "Internet"
            or toks[0] == "Internet6"
            or toks[0] == "Routing"
        ):
            continue
        if len(toks) < 8:
            toks.append("-")
            toks.append("-")
            toks[7] = toks[5]
            toks[5] = "-"
        entry = {
            "destination": toks[0],
            "gateway": toks[1],
            "genmask": toks[2],
            "flags": toks[3],
            "metric": toks[4],
            "ref": toks[5],
            "use": toks[6],
            "iface": toks[7],
        }
        routes["ipv4"].append(entry)

    try:
        (route_data6, _err6) = subp.subp(
            ["netstat", "-A", "inet6", "--route", "--numeric"], rcs=[0, 1]
        )
    except subp.ProcessExecutionError:
        pass
    else:
        entries6 = route_data6.splitlines()
        for line in entries6:
            if not line:
                continue
            toks = line.split()
            if (
                len(toks) < 7
                or toks[0] == "Kernel"
                or toks[0] == "Destination"
                or toks[0] == "Internet"
                or toks[0] == "Proto"
                or toks[0] == "Active"
            ):
                continue
            entry = {
                "destination": toks[0],
                "gateway": toks[1],
                "flags": toks[2],
                "metric": toks[3],
                "ref": toks[4],
                "use": toks[5],
                "iface": toks[6],
            }
            # skip lo interface on ipv6
            if entry["iface"] == "lo":
                continue
            # strip /128 from address if it's included
            if entry["destination"].endswith("/128"):
                entry["destination"] = re.sub(
                    r"\/128$", "", entry["destination"]
                )
            routes["ipv6"].append(entry)
    return routes


def route_info():
    routes = {}
    if subp.which("ip"):
        # Try iproute first of all
        (iproute_out, _err) = subp.subp(["ip", "-o", "route", "list"])
        routes = _netdev_route_info_iproute(iproute_out)
    elif subp.which("netstat"):
        # Fall back to net-tools if iproute2 is not present
        (route_out, _err) = subp.subp(
            ["netstat", "--route", "--numeric", "--extend"], rcs=[0, 1]
        )
        routes = _netdev_route_info_netstat(route_out)
    else:
        LOG.warning(
            "Could not print routes: missing 'ip' and 'netstat' commands"
        )
    return routes


def netdev_pformat():
    lines = []
    empty = "."
    try:
        netdev = netdev_info(empty=empty)
    except Exception as e:
        lines.append(
            util.center(
                "Net device info failed ({error})".format(error=str(e)),
                "!",
                80,
            )
        )
    else:
        if not netdev:
            return "\n"
        fields = ["Device", "Up", "Address", "Mask", "Scope", "Hw-Address"]
        tbl = SimpleTable(fields)
        for (dev, data) in sorted(netdev.items()):
            for addr in data.get("ipv4"):
                tbl.add_row(
                    (
                        dev,
                        data["up"],
                        addr["ip"],
                        addr["mask"],
                        addr.get("scope", empty),
                        data["hwaddr"],
                    )
                )
            for addr in data.get("ipv6"):
                tbl.add_row(
                    (
                        dev,
                        data["up"],
                        addr["ip"],
                        empty,
                        addr.get("scope6", empty),
                        data["hwaddr"],
                    )
                )
            if len(data.get("ipv6")) + len(data.get("ipv4")) == 0:
                tbl.add_row(
                    (dev, data["up"], empty, empty, empty, data["hwaddr"])
                )
        netdev_s = tbl.get_string()
        max_len = len(max(netdev_s.splitlines(), key=len))
        header = util.center("Net device info", "+", max_len)
        lines.extend([header, netdev_s])
    return "\n".join(lines) + "\n"


def route_pformat():
    lines = []
    try:
        routes = route_info()
    except Exception as e:
        lines.append(
            util.center(
                "Route info failed ({error})".format(error=str(e)), "!", 80
            )
        )
        util.logexc(LOG, "Route info failed: %s" % e)
    else:
        if routes.get("ipv4"):
            fields_v4 = [
                "Route",
                "Destination",
                "Gateway",
                "Genmask",
                "Interface",
                "Flags",
            ]
            tbl_v4 = SimpleTable(fields_v4)
            for (n, r) in enumerate(routes.get("ipv4")):
                route_id = str(n)
                tbl_v4.add_row(
                    [
                        route_id,
                        r["destination"],
                        r["gateway"],
                        r["genmask"],
                        r["iface"],
                        r["flags"],
                    ]
                )
            route_s = tbl_v4.get_string()
            max_len = len(max(route_s.splitlines(), key=len))
            header = util.center("Route IPv4 info", "+", max_len)
            lines.extend([header, route_s])
        if routes.get("ipv6"):
            fields_v6 = [
                "Route",
                "Destination",
                "Gateway",
                "Interface",
                "Flags",
            ]
            tbl_v6 = SimpleTable(fields_v6)
            for (n, r) in enumerate(routes.get("ipv6")):
                route_id = str(n)
                if r["iface"] == "lo":
                    continue
                tbl_v6.add_row(
                    [
                        route_id,
                        r["destination"],
                        r["gateway"],
                        r["iface"],
                        r["flags"],
                    ]
                )
            route_s = tbl_v6.get_string()
            max_len = len(max(route_s.splitlines(), key=len))
            header = util.center("Route IPv6 info", "+", max_len)
            lines.extend([header, route_s])
    return "\n".join(lines) + "\n"


def debug_info(prefix="ci-info: "):
    lines = []
    netdev_lines = netdev_pformat().splitlines()
    if prefix:
        for line in netdev_lines:
            lines.append("%s%s" % (prefix, line))
    else:
        lines.extend(netdev_lines)
    route_lines = route_pformat().splitlines()
    if prefix:
        for line in route_lines:
            lines.append("%s%s" % (prefix, line))
    else:
        lines.extend(route_lines)
    return "\n".join(lines)


# vi: ts=4 expandtab