[compiler-rt][XRay] Initial per-thread inmemory logging implementation

Depends on D21612 which implements the building blocks for the compiler-rt
implementation of the XRay runtime. We use a naive in-memory log of fixed-size
entries that get written out to a log file when the buffers are full, and when
the thread exits.

This implementation lays some foundations on to allowing for more complex XRay
records to be written to the log in subsequent changes. It also defines the format
that the function call accounting tool in D21987 will start building upon.

Once D21987 lands, we should be able to start defining more tests using that tool
once the function call accounting tool becomes part of the llvm distribution.

Reviewers: echristo, kcc, rnk, eugenis, majnemer, rSerge

Subscribers: sdardis, rSerge, dberris, tberghammer, danalbert, srhines, majnemer, llvm-commits, mehdi_amini

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D21982

git-svn-id: https://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/compiler-rt/trunk@279805 91177308-0d34-0410-b5e6-96231b3b80d8

8 files changed, 359 insertions, 5 deletions

diff --git a/include/xray/xray_records.h b/include/xray/xray_records.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..34c236b39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/xray/xray_records.h
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+//===-- xray_records.h ------------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file is a part of XRay, a dynamic runtime instrumentation system.
+//
+// This header exposes some record types useful for the XRay in-memory logging
+// implementation.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#ifndef XRAY_XRAY_RECORDS_H
+#define XRAY_XRAY_RECORDS_H
+
+namespace __xray {
+
+enum FileTypes {
+  NAIVE_LOG = 0,
+};
+
+// This data structure is used to describe the contents of the file. We use this
+// for versioning the supported XRay file formats.
+struct alignas(32) XRayFileHeader {
+  uint16_t Version = 0;
+
+  // The type of file we're writing out. See the FileTypes enum for more
+  // information. This allows different implementations of the XRay logging to
+  // have different files for different information being stored.
+  uint16_t Type = 0;
+
+  // What follows are a set of flags that indicate useful things for when
+  // reading the data in the file.
+  bool ConstantTSC : 1;
+  bool NonstopTSC : 1;
+
+  // The frequency by which TSC increases per-second.
+  alignas(8) uint64_t CycleFrequency = 0;
+} __attribute__((packed));
+
+static_assert(sizeof(XRayFileHeader) == 32, "XRayFileHeader != 32 bytes");
+
+enum RecordTypes {
+  NORMAL = 0,
+};
+
+struct alignas(32) XRayRecord {
+  // This is the type of the record being written. We use 16 bits to allow us to
+  // treat this as a discriminant, and so that the first 4 bytes get packed
+  // properly. See RecordTypes for more supported types.
+  uint16_t RecordType = 0;
+
+  // The CPU where the thread is running. We assume number of CPUs <= 256.
+  uint8_t CPU = 0;
+
+  // The type of the event. Usually either ENTER = 0 or EXIT = 1.
+  uint8_t Type = 0;
+
+  // The function ID for the record.
+  int32_t FuncId = 0;
+
+  // Get the full 8 bytes of the TSC when we get the log record.
+  uint64_t TSC = 0;
+
+  // The thread ID for the currently running thread.
+  uint32_t TId = 0;
+
+  // Use some bytes in the end of the record for buffers.
+  char Buffer[4] = {};
+} __attribute__((packed));
+
+static_assert(sizeof(XRayRecord) == 32, "XRayRecord != 32 bytes");
+
+} // namespace __xray
+
+#endif // XRAY_XRAY_RECORDS_H
diff --git a/lib/xray/CMakeLists.txt b/lib/xray/CMakeLists.txt
index 2013bbf1a..845f856e7 100644
--- a/lib/xray/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/lib/xray/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -4,10 +4,11 @@ set(XRAY_SOURCES
   xray_init.cc
 	xray_interface.cc
 	xray_flags.cc
+  xray_inmemory_log.cc
 )
 
 set(x86_64_SOURCES
-		xray_trampoline_x86.S
+		xray_trampoline_x86_64.S
 		${XRAY_SOURCES})
 
 include_directories(..)
@@ -18,9 +19,9 @@ set(XRAY_CFLAGS ${SANITIZER_COMMON_CFLAGS})
 set(XRAY_COMMON_DEFINITIONS XRAY_HAS_EXCEPTIONS=1)
 
 add_compiler_rt_object_libraries(RTXray
-		ARCHS ${XRAY_SUPPORTED_ARCH}
-		SOURCES ${XRAY_SOURCES} CFLAGS ${XRAY_CFLAGS}
-		DEFS ${XRAY_COMMON_DEFINITIONS})
+    ARCHS ${XRAY_SUPPORTED_ARCH}
+    SOURCES ${XRAY_SOURCES} CFLAGS ${XRAY_CFLAGS}
+    DEFS ${XRAY_COMMON_DEFINITIONS})
 
 add_custom_target(xray)
 set(XRAY_COMMON_RUNTIME_OBJECT_LIBS
diff --git a/lib/xray/xray_flags.inc b/lib/xray/xray_flags.inc
index bc2f45e9b..0f6ced8ea 100644
--- a/lib/xray/xray_flags.inc
+++ b/lib/xray/xray_flags.inc
@@ -16,3 +16,7 @@
 
 XRAY_FLAG(bool, patch_premain, true,
           "Whether to patch instrumentation points before main.")
+XRAY_FLAG(bool, xray_naive_log, true,
+          "Whether to install the naive log implementation.")
+XRAY_FLAG(const char *, xray_logfile_base, "xray-log.",
+          "Filename base for the xray logfile.")
diff --git a/lib/xray/xray_inmemory_log.cc b/lib/xray/xray_inmemory_log.cc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..073ebe731
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/xray/xray_inmemory_log.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+//===-- xray_inmemory_log.cc ------------------------------------*- C++ -*-===//
+//
+//                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
+//
+// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
+// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// This file is a part of XRay, a dynamic runtime instrumentation system.
+//
+// Implementation of a simple in-memory log of XRay events. This defines a
+// logging function that's compatible with the XRay handler interface, and
+// routines for exporting data to files.
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/syscall.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <thread>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <x86intrin.h>
+
+#include "sanitizer_common/sanitizer_libc.h"
+#include "xray/xray_records.h"
+#include "xray_flags.h"
+#include "xray_interface_internal.h"
+
+// __xray_InMemoryRawLog will use a thread-local aligned buffer capped to a
+// certain size (32kb by default) and use it as if it were a circular buffer for
+// events. We store simple fixed-sized entries in the log for external analysis.
+
+extern "C" {
+void __xray_InMemoryRawLog(int32_t FuncId, XRayEntryType Type);
+}
+
+namespace __xray {
+
+std::mutex LogMutex;
+
+static void retryingWriteAll(int Fd, char *Begin, char *End) {
+  if (Begin == End)
+    return;
+  auto TotalBytes = std::distance(Begin, End);
+  while (auto Written = write(Fd, Begin, TotalBytes)) {
+    if (Written < 0) {
+      if (errno == EINTR)
+        continue; // Try again.
+      Report("Failed to write; errno = %d", errno);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // FIXME: Figure out whether/how to assert properly.
+    assert(static_cast<uint64_t>(Written) <= TotalBytes);
+    TotalBytes -= Written;
+    if (TotalBytes == 0)
+      break;
+    Begin += Written;
+  }
+}
+
+static std::pair<ssize_t, bool> retryingReadSome(int Fd, char *Begin,
+                                                 char *End) {
+  auto BytesToRead = std::distance(Begin, End);
+  ssize_t BytesRead;
+  ssize_t TotalBytesRead = 0;
+  while (BytesToRead && (BytesRead = read(Fd, Begin, BytesToRead))) {
+    if (BytesRead == -1) {
+      if (errno == EINTR)
+        continue;
+      Report("Read error; errno = %d", errno);
+      return std::make_pair(TotalBytesRead, false);
+    }
+
+    TotalBytesRead += BytesRead;
+    BytesToRead -= BytesRead;
+    Begin += BytesRead;
+  }
+  return std::make_pair(TotalBytesRead, true);
+}
+
+static bool readValueFromFile(const char *Filename, long long *Value) {
+  int Fd = open(Filename, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
+  if (Fd == -1)
+    return false;
+  static constexpr size_t BufSize = 256;
+  char Line[BufSize] = {};
+  ssize_t BytesRead;
+  bool Success;
+  std::tie(BytesRead, Success) = retryingReadSome(Fd, Line, Line + BufSize);
+  if (!Success)
+    return false;
+  close(Fd);
+  char *End = nullptr;
+  long long Tmp = internal_simple_strtoll(Line, &End, 10);
+  bool Result = false;
+  if (Line[0] != '\0' && (*End == '\n' || *End == '\0')) {
+    *Value = Tmp;
+    Result = true;
+  }
+  return Result;
+}
+
+class ThreadExitFlusher {
+  int Fd;
+  XRayRecord *Start;
+  size_t &Offset;
+
+public:
+  explicit ThreadExitFlusher(int Fd, XRayRecord *Start, size_t &Offset)
+      : Fd(Fd), Start(Start), Offset(Offset) {}
+
+  ~ThreadExitFlusher() {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> L(LogMutex);
+    if (Fd > 0 && Start != nullptr) {
+      retryingWriteAll(Fd, reinterpret_cast<char *>(Start),
+                       reinterpret_cast<char *>(Start + Offset));
+      // Because this thread's exit could be the last one trying to write to the
+      // file and that we're not able to close out the file properly, we sync
+      // instead and hope that the pending writes are flushed as the thread
+      // exits.
+      fsync(Fd);
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+} // namespace __xray
+
+using namespace __xray;
+
+void PrintToStdErr(const char *Buffer) { fprintf(stderr, "%s", Buffer); }
+
+void __xray_InMemoryRawLog(int32_t FuncId, XRayEntryType Type) {
+  using Buffer =
+      std::aligned_storage<sizeof(XRayRecord), alignof(XRayRecord)>::type;
+  static constexpr size_t BuffLen = 1024;
+  thread_local static Buffer InMemoryBuffer[BuffLen] = {};
+  thread_local static size_t Offset = 0;
+  static int Fd = [] {
+    // FIXME: Figure out how to make this less stderr-dependent.
+    SetPrintfAndReportCallback(PrintToStdErr);
+    // Open a temporary file once for the log.
+    static char TmpFilename[256] = {};
+    static char TmpWildcardPattern[] = "XXXXXX";
+    auto E = internal_strncat(TmpFilename, flags()->xray_logfile_base,
+                              sizeof(TmpFilename) - 10);
+    if (static_cast<size_t>((E + 6) - TmpFilename) >
+        (sizeof(TmpFilename) - 1)) {
+      Report("XRay log file base too long: %s", flags()->xray_logfile_base);
+      return -1;
+    }
+    internal_strncat(TmpFilename, TmpWildcardPattern,
+                     sizeof(TmpWildcardPattern) - 1);
+    int Fd = mkstemp(TmpFilename);
+    if (Fd == -1) {
+      Report("XRay: Failed opening temporary file '%s'; not logging events.",
+             TmpFilename);
+      return -1;
+    }
+    if (Verbosity())
+      fprintf(stderr, "XRay: Log file in '%s'\n", TmpFilename);
+
+    // Get the cycle frequency from SysFS on Linux.
+    long long CPUFrequency = -1;
+    if (readValueFromFile("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/tsc_freq_khz",
+                          &CPUFrequency)) {
+      CPUFrequency *= 1000;
+    } else if (readValueFromFile(
+                   "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_max_freq",
+                   &CPUFrequency)) {
+      CPUFrequency *= 1000;
+    } else {
+      Report("Unable to determine CPU frequency for TSC accounting.");
+    }
+
+    // Since we're here, we get to write the header. We set it up so that the
+    // header will only be written once, at the start, and let the threads
+    // logging do writes which just append.
+    XRayFileHeader Header;
+    Header.Version = 1;
+    Header.Type = FileTypes::NAIVE_LOG;
+    Header.CycleFrequency =
+        CPUFrequency == -1 ? 0 : static_cast<uint64_t>(CPUFrequency);
+
+    // FIXME: Actually check whether we have 'constant_tsc' and 'nonstop_tsc'
+    // before setting the values in the header.
+    Header.ConstantTSC = 1;
+    Header.NonstopTSC = 1;
+    retryingWriteAll(Fd, reinterpret_cast<char *>(&Header),
+                     reinterpret_cast<char *>(&Header) + sizeof(Header));
+    return Fd;
+  }();
+  if (Fd == -1)
+    return;
+  thread_local __xray::ThreadExitFlusher Flusher(
+      Fd, reinterpret_cast<__xray::XRayRecord *>(InMemoryBuffer), Offset);
+  thread_local pid_t TId = syscall(SYS_gettid);
+
+  // First we get the useful data, and stuff it into the already aligned buffer
+  // through a pointer offset.
+  auto &R = reinterpret_cast<__xray::XRayRecord *>(InMemoryBuffer)[Offset];
+  unsigned CPU;
+  R.RecordType = RecordTypes::NORMAL;
+  R.TSC = __rdtscp(&CPU);
+  R.CPU = CPU;
+  R.TId = TId;
+  R.Type = Type;
+  R.FuncId = FuncId;
+  ++Offset;
+  if (Offset == BuffLen) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> L(LogMutex);
+    auto RecordBuffer = reinterpret_cast<__xray::XRayRecord *>(InMemoryBuffer);
+    retryingWriteAll(Fd, reinterpret_cast<char *>(RecordBuffer),
+                     reinterpret_cast<char *>(RecordBuffer + Offset));
+    Offset = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+static auto Unused = [] {
+  if (flags()->xray_naive_log)
+    __xray_set_handler(__xray_InMemoryRawLog);
+  return true;
+}();
diff --git a/lib/xray/xray_trampoline_x86.S b/lib/xray/xray_trampoline_x86_64.S
index 858039624..858039624 100644
--- a/lib/xray/xray_trampoline_x86.S
+++ b/lib/xray/xray_trampoline_x86_64.S
diff --git a/test/lit.common.cfg b/test/lit.common.cfg
index f19fde2f8..8d4d0facc 100644
--- a/test/lit.common.cfg
+++ b/test/lit.common.cfg
@@ -52,7 +52,8 @@ possibly_dangerous_env_vars = ['ASAN_OPTIONS', 'DFSAN_OPTIONS', 'LSAN_OPTIONS',
                                'LIBCLANG_LOGGING', 'LIBCLANG_BGPRIO_INDEX',
                                'LIBCLANG_BGPRIO_EDIT', 'LIBCLANG_NOTHREADS',
                                'LIBCLANG_RESOURCE_USAGE',
-                               'LIBCLANG_CODE_COMPLETION_LOGGING']
+                               'LIBCLANG_CODE_COMPLETION_LOGGING',
+                               'XRAY_OPTIONS']
 # Clang/Win32 may refer to %INCLUDE%. vsvarsall.bat sets it.
 if platform.system() != 'Windows':
     possibly_dangerous_env_vars.append('INCLUDE')
diff --git a/test/xray/TestCases/Linux/fixedsize-logging.cc b/test/xray/TestCases/Linux/fixedsize-logging.cc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..90e766876
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/xray/TestCases/Linux/fixedsize-logging.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// Check to make sure that we have a log file with a fixed-size.
+
+// RUN: %clangxx_xray -std=c++11 %s -o %t
+// RUN: XRAY_OPTIONS="verbosity=1 xray_logfile_base=fixedsize-logging-" %run %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+//
+// After all that, clean up the output xray log.
+//
+// RUN: rm fixedsize-logging-*
+
+#include <cstdio>
+
+[[clang::xray_always_instrument]] void foo() {
+  printf("foo() is always instrumented!");
+}
+
+int main() {
+  // CHECK: XRay: Log file in 'fixedsize-logging-{{.*}}'
+  foo();
+  // CHECK: foo() is always instrumented!
+}
diff --git a/test/xray/TestCases/Linux/optional-inmemory-log.cc b/test/xray/TestCases/Linux/optional-inmemory-log.cc
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ef2c43f3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/xray/TestCases/Linux/optional-inmemory-log.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Make sure that we don't get the inmemory logging implementation enabled when
+// we turn it off via options.
+
+// RUN: %clangxx_xray -std=c++11 %s -o %t
+// RUN: XRAY_OPTIONS="verbosity=1 xray_naive_log=false xray_logfile_base=optional-inmemory-log.xray-" %run %t 2>&1 | FileCheck %s
+//
+// Make sure we clean out the logs in case there was a bug.
+//
+// RUN: rm -f optional-inmemory-log.xray-*
+
+#include <cstdio>
+
+[[clang::xray_always_instrument]] void foo() {
+  printf("foo() is always instrumented!");
+}
+
+int main() {
+  // CHECK-NOT: XRay: Log file in 'optional-inmemory-log.xray-{{.*}}'
+  foo();
+  // CHECK: foo() is always instrumented!
+}