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+/* paste - merge lines of files
+ Copyright (C) 1997-2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ Copyright (C) 1984 David M. Ihnat
+
+ This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+ any later version.
+
+ This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA. */
+
+/* Written by David Ihnat. */
+
+/* The list of valid escape sequences has been expanded over the Unix
+ version, to include \b, \f, \r, and \v.
+
+ POSIX changes, bug fixes, long-named options, and cleanup
+ by David MacKenzie <djm@gnu.ai.mit.edu>.
+
+ Options:
+ --serial
+ -s Paste one file at a time rather than
+ one line from each file.
+ --delimiters=delim-list
+ -d delim-list Consecutively use the characters in
+ DELIM-LIST instead of tab to separate
+ merged lines. When DELIM-LIST is exhausted,
+ start again at its beginning.
+ A FILE of `-' means standard input.
+ If no FILEs are given, standard input is used. */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <getopt.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include "system.h"
+#include "error.h"
+
+/* The official name of this program (e.g., no `g' prefix). */
+#define PROGRAM_NAME "paste"
+
+#define AUTHORS "David M. Ihnat", "David MacKenzie"
+
+/* Indicates that no delimiter should be added in the current position. */
+#define EMPTY_DELIM '\0'
+
+/* Name this program was run with. */
+char *program_name;
+
+/* If nonzero, we have read standard input at some point. */
+static bool have_read_stdin;
+
+/* If nonzero, merge subsequent lines of each file rather than
+ corresponding lines from each file in parallel. */
+static bool serial_merge;
+
+/* The delimeters between lines of input files (used cyclically). */
+static char *delims;
+
+/* A pointer to the character after the end of `delims'. */
+static char const *delim_end;
+
+static struct option const longopts[] =
+{
+ {"serial", no_argument, NULL, 's'},
+ {"delimiters", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
+ {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
+ {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
+ {NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
+};
+
+/* Set globals delims and delim_end. Copy STRPTR to DELIMS, converting
+ backslash representations of special characters in STRPTR to their actual
+ values. The set of possible backslash characters has been expanded beyond
+ that recognized by the Unix version. */
+
+static void
+collapse_escapes (char const *strptr)
+{
+ char *strout = xstrdup (strptr);
+ delims = strout;
+
+ while (*strptr)
+ {
+ if (*strptr != '\\') /* Is it an escape character? */
+ *strout++ = *strptr++; /* No, just transfer it. */
+ else
+ {
+ switch (*++strptr)
+ {
+ case '0':
+ *strout++ = EMPTY_DELIM;
+ break;
+
+ case 'b':
+ *strout++ = '\b';
+ break;
+
+ case 'f':
+ *strout++ = '\f';
+ break;
+
+ case 'n':
+ *strout++ = '\n';
+ break;
+
+ case 'r':
+ *strout++ = '\r';
+ break;
+
+ case 't':
+ *strout++ = '\t';
+ break;
+
+ case 'v':
+ *strout++ = '\v';
+ break;
+
+ default:
+ *strout++ = *strptr;
+ break;
+ }
+ strptr++;
+ }
+ }
+ delim_end = strout;
+}
+
+/* Report a write error and exit. */
+
+static void write_error (void) ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN;
+static void
+write_error (void)
+{
+ error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, _("write error"));
+ abort ();
+}
+
+/* Output a single byte, reporting any write errors. */
+
+static inline void
+xputchar (char c)
+{
+ if (putchar (c) < 0)
+ write_error ();
+}
+
+/* Perform column paste on the NFILES files named in FNAMPTR.
+ Return true if successful, false if one or more files could not be
+ opened or read. */
+
+static bool
+paste_parallel (size_t nfiles, char **fnamptr)
+{
+ bool ok = true;
+ /* If all files are just ready to be closed, or will be on this
+ round, the string of delimiters must be preserved.
+ delbuf[0] through delbuf[nfiles]
+ store the delimiters for closed files. */
+ char *delbuf = xmalloc (nfiles + 2);
+
+ /* Streams open to the files to process; NULL if the corresponding
+ stream is closed. */
+ FILE **fileptr = xnmalloc (nfiles + 1, sizeof *fileptr);
+
+ /* Number of files still open to process. */
+ size_t files_open;
+
+ /* True if any fopen got fd == STDIN_FILENO. */
+ bool opened_stdin = false;
+
+ /* Attempt to open all files. This could be expanded to an infinite
+ number of files, but at the (considerable) expense of remembering
+ each file and its current offset, then opening/reading/closing. */
+
+ for (files_open = 0; files_open < nfiles; ++files_open)
+ {
+ if (STREQ (fnamptr[files_open], "-"))
+ {
+ have_read_stdin = true;
+ fileptr[files_open] = stdin;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ fileptr[files_open] = fopen (fnamptr[files_open], "r");
+ if (fileptr[files_open] == NULL)
+ error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, "%s", fnamptr[files_open]);
+ else if (fileno (fileptr[files_open]) == STDIN_FILENO)
+ opened_stdin = true;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (opened_stdin && have_read_stdin)
+ error (EXIT_FAILURE, 0, _("standard input is closed"));
+
+ /* Read a line from each file and output it to stdout separated by a
+ delimiter, until we go through the loop without successfully
+ reading from any of the files. */
+
+ while (files_open)
+ {
+ /* Set up for the next line. */
+ bool somedone = false;
+ char const *delimptr = delims;
+ size_t delims_saved = 0; /* Number of delims saved in `delbuf'. */
+ size_t i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < nfiles && files_open; i++)
+ {
+ int chr IF_LINT (= 0); /* Input character. */
+ int err IF_LINT (= 0); /* Input errno value. */
+ size_t line_length = 0; /* Number of chars in line. */
+
+ if (fileptr[i])
+ {
+ chr = getc (fileptr[i]);
+ err = errno;
+ if (chr != EOF && delims_saved)
+ {
+ if (fwrite (delbuf, 1, delims_saved, stdout) != delims_saved)
+ write_error ();
+ delims_saved = 0;
+ }
+
+ while (chr != EOF)
+ {
+ line_length++;
+ if (chr == '\n')
+ break;
+ xputchar (chr);
+ chr = getc (fileptr[i]);
+ err = errno;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (line_length == 0)
+ {
+ /* EOF, read error, or closed file.
+ If an EOF or error, close the file. */
+ if (fileptr[i])
+ {
+ if (ferror (fileptr[i]))
+ {
+ error (0, err, "%s", fnamptr[i]);
+ ok = false;
+ }
+ if (fileptr[i] == stdin)
+ clearerr (fileptr[i]); /* Also clear EOF. */
+ else if (fclose (fileptr[i]) == EOF)
+ {
+ error (0, errno, "%s", fnamptr[i]);
+ ok = false;
+ }
+
+ fileptr[i] = NULL;
+ files_open--;
+ }
+
+ if (i + 1 == nfiles)
+ {
+ /* End of this output line.
+ Is this the end of the whole thing? */
+ if (somedone)
+ {
+ /* No. Some files were not closed for this line. */
+ if (delims_saved)
+ {
+ if (fwrite (delbuf, 1, delims_saved, stdout)
+ != delims_saved)
+ write_error ();
+ delims_saved = 0;
+ }
+ xputchar ('\n');
+ }
+ continue; /* Next read of files, or exit. */
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* Closed file; add delimiter to `delbuf'. */
+ if (*delimptr != EMPTY_DELIM)
+ delbuf[delims_saved++] = *delimptr;
+ if (++delimptr == delim_end)
+ delimptr = delims;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* Some data read. */
+ somedone = true;
+
+ /* Except for last file, replace last newline with delim. */
+ if (i + 1 != nfiles)
+ {
+ if (chr != '\n' && chr != EOF)
+ xputchar (chr);
+ if (*delimptr != EMPTY_DELIM)
+ xputchar (*delimptr);
+ if (++delimptr == delim_end)
+ delimptr = delims;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* If the last line of the last file lacks a newline,
+ print one anyhow. POSIX requires this. */
+ char c = (chr == EOF ? '\n' : chr);
+ xputchar (c);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ free (fileptr);
+ free (delbuf);
+ return ok;
+}
+
+/* Perform serial paste on the NFILES files named in FNAMPTR.
+ Return true if no errors, false if one or more files could not be
+ opened or read. */
+
+static bool
+paste_serial (size_t nfiles, char **fnamptr)
+{
+ bool ok = true; /* false if open or read errors occur. */
+ int charnew, charold; /* Current and previous char read. */
+ char const *delimptr; /* Current delimiter char. */
+ FILE *fileptr; /* Open for reading current file. */
+
+ for (; nfiles; nfiles--, fnamptr++)
+ {
+ int saved_errno;
+ bool is_stdin = STREQ (*fnamptr, "-");
+ if (is_stdin)
+ {
+ have_read_stdin = true;
+ fileptr = stdin;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ fileptr = fopen (*fnamptr, "r");
+ if (fileptr == NULL)
+ {
+ error (0, errno, "%s", *fnamptr);
+ ok = false;
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+
+ delimptr = delims; /* Set up for delimiter string. */
+
+ charold = getc (fileptr);
+ saved_errno = errno;
+ if (charold != EOF)
+ {
+ /* `charold' is set up. Hit it!
+ Keep reading characters, stashing them in `charnew';
+ output `charold', converting to the appropriate delimiter
+ character if needed. After the EOF, output `charold'
+ if it's a newline; otherwise, output it and then a newline. */
+
+ while ((charnew = getc (fileptr)) != EOF)
+ {
+ /* Process the old character. */
+ if (charold == '\n')
+ {
+ if (*delimptr != EMPTY_DELIM)
+ xputchar (*delimptr);
+
+ if (++delimptr == delim_end)
+ delimptr = delims;
+ }
+ else
+ xputchar (charold);
+
+ charold = charnew;
+ }
+ saved_errno = errno;
+
+ /* Hit EOF. Process that last character. */
+ xputchar (charold);
+ }
+
+ if (charold != '\n')
+ xputchar ('\n');
+
+ if (ferror (fileptr))
+ {
+ error (0, saved_errno, "%s", *fnamptr);
+ ok = false;
+ }
+ if (is_stdin)
+ clearerr (fileptr); /* Also clear EOF. */
+ else if (fclose (fileptr) == EOF)
+ {
+ error (0, errno, "%s", *fnamptr);
+ ok = false;
+ }
+ }
+ return ok;
+}
+
+void
+usage (int status)
+{
+ if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
+ fprintf (stderr, _("Try `%s --help' for more information.\n"),
+ program_name);
+ else
+ {
+ printf (_("\
+Usage: %s [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n\
+"),
+ program_name);
+ fputs (_("\
+Write lines consisting of the sequentially corresponding lines from\n\
+each FILE, separated by TABs, to standard output.\n\
+With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\
+\n\
+"), stdout);
+ fputs (_("\
+Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n\
+"), stdout);
+ fputs (_("\
+ -d, --delimiters=LIST reuse characters from LIST instead of TABs\n\
+ -s, --serial paste one file at a time instead of in parallel\n\
+"), stdout);
+ fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
+ fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
+ /* FIXME: add a couple of examples. */
+ printf (_("\nReport bugs to <%s>.\n"), PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);
+ }
+ exit (status);
+}
+
+int
+main (int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ int optc;
+ bool ok;
+ char const *delim_arg = "\t";
+
+ initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
+ program_name = argv[0];
+ setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
+ bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
+ textdomain (PACKAGE);
+
+ atexit (close_stdout);
+
+ have_read_stdin = false;
+ serial_merge = false;
+
+ while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "d:s", longopts, NULL)) != -1)
+ {
+ switch (optc)
+ {
+ case 'd':
+ /* Delimiter character(s). */
+ delim_arg = (optarg[0] == '\0' ? "\\0" : optarg);
+ break;
+
+ case 's':
+ serial_merge = true;
+ break;
+
+ case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
+
+ case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
+
+ default:
+ usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (optind == argc)
+ argv[argc++] = "-";
+
+ collapse_escapes (delim_arg);
+
+ if (!serial_merge)
+ ok = paste_parallel (argc - optind, &argv[optind]);
+ else
+ ok = paste_serial (argc - optind, &argv[optind]);
+
+ free (delims);
+
+ if (have_read_stdin && fclose (stdin) == EOF)
+ error (EXIT_FAILURE, errno, "-");
+ exit (ok ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
+}