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authorGeorg Brandl <georg@python.org>2007-08-15 14:28:22 +0000
committerGeorg Brandl <georg@python.org>2007-08-15 14:28:22 +0000
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+:mod:`xml.sax.xmlreader` --- Interface for XML parsers
+======================================================
+
+.. module:: xml.sax.xmlreader
+ :synopsis: Interface which SAX-compliant XML parsers must implement.
+.. moduleauthor:: Lars Marius Garshol <larsga@garshol.priv.no>
+.. sectionauthor:: Martin v. Löwis <martin@v.loewis.de>
+
+
+.. versionadded:: 2.0
+
+SAX parsers implement the :class:`XMLReader` interface. They are implemented in
+a Python module, which must provide a function :func:`create_parser`. This
+function is invoked by :func:`xml.sax.make_parser` with no arguments to create
+a new parser object.
+
+
+.. class:: XMLReader()
+
+ Base class which can be inherited by SAX parsers.
+
+
+.. class:: IncrementalParser()
+
+ In some cases, it is desirable not to parse an input source at once, but to feed
+ chunks of the document as they get available. Note that the reader will normally
+ not read the entire file, but read it in chunks as well; still :meth:`parse`
+ won't return until the entire document is processed. So these interfaces should
+ be used if the blocking behaviour of :meth:`parse` is not desirable.
+
+ When the parser is instantiated it is ready to begin accepting data from the
+ feed method immediately. After parsing has been finished with a call to close
+ the reset method must be called to make the parser ready to accept new data,
+ either from feed or using the parse method.
+
+ Note that these methods must *not* be called during parsing, that is, after
+ parse has been called and before it returns.
+
+ By default, the class also implements the parse method of the XMLReader
+ interface using the feed, close and reset methods of the IncrementalParser
+ interface as a convenience to SAX 2.0 driver writers.
+
+
+.. class:: Locator()
+
+ Interface for associating a SAX event with a document location. A locator object
+ will return valid results only during calls to DocumentHandler methods; at any
+ other time, the results are unpredictable. If information is not available,
+ methods may return ``None``.
+
+
+.. class:: InputSource([systemId])
+
+ Encapsulation of the information needed by the :class:`XMLReader` to read
+ entities.
+
+ This class may include information about the public identifier, system
+ identifier, byte stream (possibly with character encoding information) and/or
+ the character stream of an entity.
+
+ Applications will create objects of this class for use in the
+ :meth:`XMLReader.parse` method and for returning from
+ EntityResolver.resolveEntity.
+
+ An :class:`InputSource` belongs to the application, the :class:`XMLReader` is
+ not allowed to modify :class:`InputSource` objects passed to it from the
+ application, although it may make copies and modify those.
+
+
+.. class:: AttributesImpl(attrs)
+
+ This is an implementation of the :class:`Attributes` interface (see section
+ :ref:`attributes-objects`). This is a dictionary-like object which
+ represents the element attributes in a :meth:`startElement` call. In addition
+ to the most useful dictionary operations, it supports a number of other
+ methods as described by the interface. Objects of this class should be
+ instantiated by readers; *attrs* must be a dictionary-like object containing
+ a mapping from attribute names to attribute values.
+
+
+.. class:: AttributesNSImpl(attrs, qnames)
+
+ Namespace-aware variant of :class:`AttributesImpl`, which will be passed to
+ :meth:`startElementNS`. It is derived from :class:`AttributesImpl`, but
+ understands attribute names as two-tuples of *namespaceURI* and
+ *localname*. In addition, it provides a number of methods expecting qualified
+ names as they appear in the original document. This class implements the
+ :class:`AttributesNS` interface (see section :ref:`attributes-ns-objects`).
+
+
+.. _xmlreader-objects:
+
+XMLReader Objects
+-----------------
+
+The :class:`XMLReader` interface supports the following methods:
+
+
+.. method:: XMLReader.parse(source)
+
+ Process an input source, producing SAX events. The *source* object can be a
+ system identifier (a string identifying the input source -- typically a file
+ name or an URL), a file-like object, or an :class:`InputSource` object. When
+ :meth:`parse` returns, the input is completely processed, and the parser object
+ can be discarded or reset. As a limitation, the current implementation only
+ accepts byte streams; processing of character streams is for further study.
+
+
+.. method:: XMLReader.getContentHandler()
+
+ Return the current :class:`ContentHandler`.
+
+
+.. method:: XMLReader.setContentHandler(handler)
+
+ Set the current :class:`ContentHandler`. If no :class:`ContentHandler` is set,
+ content events will be discarded.
+
+
+.. method:: XMLReader.getDTDHandler()
+
+ Return the current :class:`DTDHandler`.
+
+
+.. method:: XMLReader.setDTDHandler(handler)
+
+ Set the current :class:`DTDHandler`. If no :class:`DTDHandler` is set, DTD
+ events will be discarded.
+
+
+.. method:: XMLReader.getEntityResolver()
+
+ Return the current :class:`EntityResolver`.
+
+
+.. method:: XMLReader.setEntityResolver(handler)
+
+ Set the current :class:`EntityResolver`. If no :class:`EntityResolver` is set,
+ attempts to resolve an external entity will result in opening the system
+ identifier for the entity, and fail if it is not available.
+
+
+.. method:: XMLReader.getErrorHandler()
+
+ Return the current :class:`ErrorHandler`.
+
+
+.. method:: XMLReader.setErrorHandler(handler)
+
+ Set the current error handler. If no :class:`ErrorHandler` is set, errors will
+ be raised as exceptions, and warnings will be printed.
+
+
+.. method:: XMLReader.setLocale(locale)
+
+ Allow an application to set the locale for errors and warnings.
+
+ SAX parsers are not required to provide localization for errors and warnings; if
+ they cannot support the requested locale, however, they must throw a SAX
+ exception. Applications may request a locale change in the middle of a parse.
+
+
+.. method:: XMLReader.getFeature(featurename)
+
+ Return the current setting for feature *featurename*. If the feature is not
+ recognized, :exc:`SAXNotRecognizedException` is raised. The well-known
+ featurenames are listed in the module :mod:`xml.sax.handler`.
+
+
+.. method:: XMLReader.setFeature(featurename, value)
+
+ Set the *featurename* to *value*. If the feature is not recognized,
+ :exc:`SAXNotRecognizedException` is raised. If the feature or its setting is not
+ supported by the parser, *SAXNotSupportedException* is raised.
+
+
+.. method:: XMLReader.getProperty(propertyname)
+
+ Return the current setting for property *propertyname*. If the property is not
+ recognized, a :exc:`SAXNotRecognizedException` is raised. The well-known
+ propertynames are listed in the module :mod:`xml.sax.handler`.
+
+
+.. method:: XMLReader.setProperty(propertyname, value)
+
+ Set the *propertyname* to *value*. If the property is not recognized,
+ :exc:`SAXNotRecognizedException` is raised. If the property or its setting is
+ not supported by the parser, *SAXNotSupportedException* is raised.
+
+
+.. _incremental-parser-objects:
+
+IncrementalParser Objects
+-------------------------
+
+Instances of :class:`IncrementalParser` offer the following additional methods:
+
+
+.. method:: IncrementalParser.feed(data)
+
+ Process a chunk of *data*.
+
+
+.. method:: IncrementalParser.close()
+
+ Assume the end of the document. That will check well-formedness conditions that
+ can be checked only at the end, invoke handlers, and may clean up resources
+ allocated during parsing.
+
+
+.. method:: IncrementalParser.reset()
+
+ This method is called after close has been called to reset the parser so that it
+ is ready to parse new documents. The results of calling parse or feed after
+ close without calling reset are undefined.
+
+
+.. _locator-objects:
+
+Locator Objects
+---------------
+
+Instances of :class:`Locator` provide these methods:
+
+
+.. method:: Locator.getColumnNumber()
+
+ Return the column number where the current event ends.
+
+
+.. method:: Locator.getLineNumber()
+
+ Return the line number where the current event ends.
+
+
+.. method:: Locator.getPublicId()
+
+ Return the public identifier for the current event.
+
+
+.. method:: Locator.getSystemId()
+
+ Return the system identifier for the current event.
+
+
+.. _input-source-objects:
+
+InputSource Objects
+-------------------
+
+
+.. method:: InputSource.setPublicId(id)
+
+ Sets the public identifier of this :class:`InputSource`.
+
+
+.. method:: InputSource.getPublicId()
+
+ Returns the public identifier of this :class:`InputSource`.
+
+
+.. method:: InputSource.setSystemId(id)
+
+ Sets the system identifier of this :class:`InputSource`.
+
+
+.. method:: InputSource.getSystemId()
+
+ Returns the system identifier of this :class:`InputSource`.
+
+
+.. method:: InputSource.setEncoding(encoding)
+
+ Sets the character encoding of this :class:`InputSource`.
+
+ The encoding must be a string acceptable for an XML encoding declaration (see
+ section 4.3.3 of the XML recommendation).
+
+ The encoding attribute of the :class:`InputSource` is ignored if the
+ :class:`InputSource` also contains a character stream.
+
+
+.. method:: InputSource.getEncoding()
+
+ Get the character encoding of this InputSource.
+
+
+.. method:: InputSource.setByteStream(bytefile)
+
+ Set the byte stream (a Python file-like object which does not perform
+ byte-to-character conversion) for this input source.
+
+ The SAX parser will ignore this if there is also a character stream specified,
+ but it will use a byte stream in preference to opening a URI connection itself.
+
+ If the application knows the character encoding of the byte stream, it should
+ set it with the setEncoding method.
+
+
+.. method:: InputSource.getByteStream()
+
+ Get the byte stream for this input source.
+
+ The getEncoding method will return the character encoding for this byte stream,
+ or None if unknown.
+
+
+.. method:: InputSource.setCharacterStream(charfile)
+
+ Set the character stream for this input source. (The stream must be a Python 1.6
+ Unicode-wrapped file-like that performs conversion to Unicode strings.)
+
+ If there is a character stream specified, the SAX parser will ignore any byte
+ stream and will not attempt to open a URI connection to the system identifier.
+
+
+.. method:: InputSource.getCharacterStream()
+
+ Get the character stream for this input source.
+
+
+.. _attributes-objects:
+
+The :class:`Attributes` Interface
+---------------------------------
+
+:class:`Attributes` objects implement a portion of the mapping protocol,
+including the methods :meth:`copy`, :meth:`get`, :meth:`has_key`, :meth:`items`,
+:meth:`keys`, and :meth:`values`. The following methods are also provided:
+
+
+.. method:: Attributes.getLength()
+
+ Return the number of attributes.
+
+
+.. method:: Attributes.getNames()
+
+ Return the names of the attributes.
+
+
+.. method:: Attributes.getType(name)
+
+ Returns the type of the attribute *name*, which is normally ``'CDATA'``.
+
+
+.. method:: Attributes.getValue(name)
+
+ Return the value of attribute *name*.
+
+.. % getValueByQName, getNameByQName, getQNameByName, getQNames available
+.. % here already, but documented only for derived class.
+
+
+.. _attributes-ns-objects:
+
+The :class:`AttributesNS` Interface
+-----------------------------------
+
+This interface is a subtype of the :class:`Attributes` interface (see section
+:ref:`attributes-objects`). All methods supported by that interface are also
+available on :class:`AttributesNS` objects.
+
+The following methods are also available:
+
+
+.. method:: AttributesNS.getValueByQName(name)
+
+ Return the value for a qualified name.
+
+
+.. method:: AttributesNS.getNameByQName(name)
+
+ Return the ``(namespace, localname)`` pair for a qualified *name*.
+
+
+.. method:: AttributesNS.getQNameByName(name)
+
+ Return the qualified name for a ``(namespace, localname)`` pair.
+
+
+.. method:: AttributesNS.getQNames()
+
+ Return the qualified names of all attributes.
+