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Diffstat (limited to 'Doc/library/http.client.rst')
| -rw-r--r-- | Doc/library/http.client.rst | 115 |
1 files changed, 80 insertions, 35 deletions
diff --git a/Doc/library/http.client.rst b/Doc/library/http.client.rst index d863fe99f1..17f289d84f 100644 --- a/Doc/library/http.client.rst +++ b/Doc/library/http.client.rst @@ -69,13 +69,6 @@ The module provides the following classes: must be a :class:`ssl.SSLContext` instance describing the various SSL options. - *key_file* and *cert_file* are deprecated, please use - :meth:`ssl.SSLContext.load_cert_chain` instead, or let - :func:`ssl.create_default_context` select the system's trusted CA - certificates for you. The *check_hostname* parameter is also deprecated; the - :attr:`ssl.SSLContext.check_hostname` attribute of *context* should be used - instead. - Please read :ref:`ssl-security` for more information on best practices. .. versionchanged:: 3.2 @@ -95,6 +88,17 @@ The module provides the following classes: :func:`ssl._create_unverified_context` can be passed to the *context* parameter. + .. deprecated:: 3.6 + + *key_file* and *cert_file* are deprecated in favor of *context*. + Please use :meth:`ssl.SSLContext.load_cert_chain` instead, or let + :func:`ssl.create_default_context` select the system's trusted CA + certificates for you. + + The *check_hostname* parameter is also deprecated; the + :attr:`ssl.SSLContext.check_hostname` attribute of *context* should + be used instead. + .. class:: HTTPResponse(sock, debuglevel=0, method=None, url=None) @@ -217,39 +221,61 @@ HTTPConnection Objects :class:`HTTPConnection` instances have the following methods: -.. method:: HTTPConnection.request(method, url, body=None, headers={}) +.. method:: HTTPConnection.request(method, url, body=None, headers={}, *, \ + encode_chunked=False) This will send a request to the server using the HTTP request method *method* and the selector *url*. If *body* is specified, the specified data is sent after the headers are - finished. It may be a string, a :term:`bytes-like object`, an open - :term:`file object`, or an iterable of :term:`bytes-like object`\s. If - *body* is a string, it is encoded as ISO-8859-1, the default for HTTP. If - it is a bytes-like object the bytes are sent as is. If it is a :term:`file - object`, the contents of the file is sent; this file object should support - at least the ``read()`` method. If the file object has a ``mode`` - attribute, the data returned by the ``read()`` method will be encoded as - ISO-8859-1 unless the ``mode`` attribute contains the substring ``b``, - otherwise the data returned by ``read()`` is sent as is. If *body* is an - iterable, the elements of the iterable are sent as is until the iterable is - exhausted. - - The *headers* argument should be a mapping of extra HTTP - headers to send with the request. - - If *headers* does not contain a Content-Length item, one is added - automatically if possible. If *body* is ``None``, the Content-Length header - is set to ``0`` for methods that expect a body (``PUT``, ``POST``, and - ``PATCH``). If *body* is a string or bytes object, the Content-Length - header is set to its length. If *body* is a :term:`file object` and it - works to call :func:`~os.fstat` on the result of its ``fileno()`` method, - then the Content-Length header is set to the ``st_size`` reported by the - ``fstat`` call. Otherwise no Content-Length header is added. + finished. It may be a :class:`str`, a :term:`bytes-like object`, an + open :term:`file object`, or an iterable of :class:`bytes`. If *body* + is a string, it is encoded as ISO-8859-1, the default for HTTP. If it + is a bytes-like object, the bytes are sent as is. If it is a :term:`file + object`, the contents of the file is sent; this file object should + support at least the ``read()`` method. If the file object is an + instance of :class:`io.TextIOBase`, the data returned by the ``read()`` + method will be encoded as ISO-8859-1, otherwise the data returned by + ``read()`` is sent as is. If *body* is an iterable, the elements of the + iterable are sent as is until the iterable is exhausted. + + The *headers* argument should be a mapping of extra HTTP headers to send + with the request. + + If *headers* contains neither Content-Length nor Transfer-Encoding, + but there is a request body, one of those + header fields will be added automatically. If + *body* is ``None``, the Content-Length header is set to ``0`` for + methods that expect a body (``PUT``, ``POST``, and ``PATCH``). If + *body* is a string or a bytes-like object that is not also a + :term:`file <file object>`, the Content-Length header is + set to its length. Any other type of *body* (files + and iterables in general) will be chunk-encoded, and the + Transfer-Encoding header will automatically be set instead of + Content-Length. + + The *encode_chunked* argument is only relevant if Transfer-Encoding is + specified in *headers*. If *encode_chunked* is ``False``, the + HTTPConnection object assumes that all encoding is handled by the + calling code. If it is ``True``, the body will be chunk-encoded. + + .. note:: + Chunked transfer encoding has been added to the HTTP protocol + version 1.1. Unless the HTTP server is known to handle HTTP 1.1, + the caller must either specify the Content-Length, or must pass a + :class:`str` or bytes-like object that is not also a file as the + body representation. .. versionadded:: 3.2 *body* can now be an iterable. + .. versionchanged:: 3.6 + If neither Content-Length nor Transfer-Encoding are set in + *headers*, file and iterable *body* objects are now chunk-encoded. + The *encode_chunked* argument was added. + No attempt is made to determine the Content-Length for file + objects. + .. method:: HTTPConnection.getresponse() Should be called after a request is sent to get the response from the server. @@ -335,13 +361,32 @@ also send your request step by step, by using the four functions below. an argument. -.. method:: HTTPConnection.endheaders(message_body=None) +.. method:: HTTPConnection.endheaders(message_body=None, *, encode_chunked=False) Send a blank line to the server, signalling the end of the headers. The optional *message_body* argument can be used to pass a message body - associated with the request. The message body will be sent in the same - packet as the message headers if it is string, otherwise it is sent in a - separate packet. + associated with the request. + + If *encode_chunked* is ``True``, the result of each iteration of + *message_body* will be chunk-encoded as specified in :rfc:`7230`, + Section 3.3.1. How the data is encoded is dependent on the type of + *message_body*. If *message_body* implements the :ref:`buffer interface + <bufferobjects>` the encoding will result in a single chunk. + If *message_body* is a :class:`collections.Iterable`, each iteration + of *message_body* will result in a chunk. If *message_body* is a + :term:`file object`, each call to ``.read()`` will result in a chunk. + The method automatically signals the end of the chunk-encoded data + immediately after *message_body*. + + .. note:: Due to the chunked encoding specification, empty chunks + yielded by an iterator body will be ignored by the chunk-encoder. + This is to avoid premature termination of the read of the request by + the target server due to malformed encoding. + + .. versionadded:: 3.6 + Chunked encoding support. The *encode_chunked* parameter was + added. + .. method:: HTTPConnection.send(data) |