path: root/webhelp/docsrc/readme.xml

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<book>
  <title>README: Web-based Help from DocBook XML</title>
  <bookinfo>
    <legalnotice>
      <para>Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this
        software and associated documentation files (the <quote>Software</quote>), to deal in the
        Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify,
        merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
        persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
              copies or substantial portions of the Software.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Except as contained in this notice, the names of individuals credited with
              contribution to this software shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote
              the sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization
              from the individuals in question.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Any stylesheet derived from this Software that is publicly distributed will be
              identified with a different name and the version strings in any derived Software will
              be changed so that no possibility of confusion between the derived package and this
              Software will exist.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist></para>
      <formalpara>
        <title>Warranty:</title>
        <para>THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
          INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
          PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL DAVID CRAMER, KASUN GAJASINGHE, OR ANY
          OTHER CONTRIBUTOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
          ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
          SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.</para>
      </formalpara>
      <para>This package is maintained by Kasun Gajasinghe,
          <email>kasunbg AT gmail DOT com</email> and David Cramer,
          <email>david AT thingbag DOT net</email> and with
        contributions by Arun Bharadwaj and Visitha Baddegama. Please
        direct support questions to the <ulink
          url="http://wiki.docbook.org/DocBookDiscussion">DocBook-apps
          mailing list</ulink>. </para>
      <para>This package also includes the following software written and copyrighted by others:<itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Files in <filename class="directory">template/common/jquery</filename> are
              copyrighted by <ulink url="http://jquery.com/">JQuery</ulink> under the MIT License.
              The file <filename>jquery.cookie.js</filename> Copyright (c) 2006 Klaus Hartl under
              the MIT license.</para>
            <indexterm>
              <primary>jquery</primary>
            </indexterm>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Some files in the <filename class="directory"
                >template/search</filename> and <filename
                class="directory">indexer</filename> directories were
              originally part of N. Quaine's htmlsearch DITA plugin.
              The htmlsearch DITA plugin is available from the <ulink
                url="http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/dita-users/files/Demos/"
                >files page</ulink> of the DITA-users yahoogroup. The
              htmlsearch plugin was released under a BSD-style
              license. See <filename>indexer/license.txt</filename>
              for details. <indexterm>
                <primary>htmlsearch</primary>
              </indexterm>
              <indexterm>
                <primary>DITA</primary>
                <secondary>htmlsearch plugin</secondary>
              </indexterm></para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Stemmers from the <ulink
                url="http://snowball.tartarus.org/texts/stemmersoverview.html">Snowball
                project</ulink> released under a BSD license.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Code from the <ulink url="http://lucene.apache.org/">Apache Lucene</ulink> search
              engine provides support for tokenizing Chinese, Japanese, and Korean content released
              under the Apache 2.0 license. </para>
          </listitem>
	  <listitem>
            <para>Code that provides weighted search results and some
              other improvements was graciously donated by <ulink
                url="http://www.oxygenxml.com">SyncRO Soft
                Ltd.</ulink>, the publishers of the oXygen XML
              Editor.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para><ulink url="http://ccil.org/~cowan/XML/tagsoup/"
                >TagSoup</ulink>, released under the Apache 2.0
              license, makes it possible to index html instead of just
              xhtml output. </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Cosmetic improvements provided by <ulink
                url="http://docs.openstack.org"
              >OpenStack</ulink>.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist> Webhelp for DocBook was first developed as a <ulink
          url="http://code.google.com/soc/">Google Summer of Code</ulink> project. </para>
    </legalnotice>
    <copyright>
      <year>2008-2012</year>
      <holder>Kasun Gajasinghe</holder>
      <holder>David Cramer</holder>
    </copyright>
    <author>
      <firstname>David</firstname>
      <surname>Cramer</surname>
      <email>david AT thingbag DOT net</email>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstname>Kasun</firstname>
      <surname>Gajasinghe</surname>
      <email>kasunbg AT gmail DOT com</email>
    </author>
    <pubdate>January 2012</pubdate>
  </bookinfo>
  <chapter>
    <chapterinfo>
      <abstract>
        <!-- This becomes the brief description that appears in search results UNLESS there's a para or phrase with role="summary". If there is, then the role="summary" text wins. -->
        <para>Overview of the package.</para>
      </abstract>
    </chapterinfo>
    <title>Introduction</title>
    <para>A common requirement for technical publications groups is to produce a Web-based help
      format that includes a table of contents pane, a search feature, and an index similar to what
      you get from the Microsoft HTML Help (.chm) format or Eclipse help. If the content is help for
      a Web application that is not exposed to the Internet or requires that the user be logged in,
      then it is impossible to use services like Google to add search. <indexterm class="singular">
        <primary>features</primary>
      </indexterm>
      <itemizedlist>
        <title>Features</title>
        <listitem>
          <para>Sophisticated CSS-based page layout</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Client-side search.<indexterm class="singular">
              <primary>search</primary>
              <secondary>features</secondary>
            </indexterm></para>
          <itemizedlist>
            <listitem>
              <para>Provides full content search of the documentation. Shows the search results with
                links to chunked pages, and a small description.</para>
            </listitem>
            <listitem>
              <para>Search results scoring/rating - The results are weighted according to how many
                times the words in search query appears in it, is it bold or not, is in index terms
                etc. The score out of 5 is shown by small colored boxes after each
                search-result.</para>
            </listitem>
            <listitem>
              <para>Search results can include brief descriptions of the target.<indexterm
                class="singular">
                <primary>search</primary>
                <secondary>description</secondary>
              </indexterm></para>
            </listitem>         
            <listitem>
              <para>Stemming support for English, French, and German. Stemming support can be added
                for other languages by implementing a stemmer.<indexterm class="singular">
                  <primary>search</primary>
                  <secondary>stemming</secondary>
                </indexterm></para>
            </listitem>
            <listitem>
              <para>Support for Chinese, Japanese, and Korean languages using code from the Lucene search
                engine.</para>
            </listitem>
            <listitem>
              <para>Search highlighting shows where the searched term appears in the results.
                  <indexterm class="singular">
                  <primary>search</primary>
                  <secondary>highlighting</secondary>
                </indexterm></para>
            </listitem>
          </itemizedlist>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Table of contents (TOC) pane with collapsible toc tree.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Auto-synchronization of content pane and TOC.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>Nicely placed small forward, backward, top links</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>TOC and search pane implemented without the use of a frameset.</para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>An Ant script and sample Makefile to generate output.
            You can use the ant build file by importing it into your
            own or use it as a model for integrating this output
            format into your own build system. Alternatively, you can
            use the build scripts as a template for creating your own
            script. You can also generate webhelp from DocBook using
            the <ulink
              url="http://docbkx-tools.sourceforge.net/docbkx-samples/manual.html"
              >Docbkx Maven plugin</ulink>.</para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist></para>
  </chapter>
  <chapter>
    <title>Using the package</title>
    <para role="summary">The following sections describe how to
      install and use the package on Windows with the sample Ant build
      script. In an environment where unix shell command are
      available, you can also use the
        <filename>Makefile.sample</filename> as a starting point for
      creating your build script. To use
        <filename>Makefile.sample</filename> you must have
        <command>xsltproc</command> and <command>java</command>
      available in your <envar>PATH</envar>.</para>
    <section>
      <sectioninfo>
        <abstract>
          <para>Installation instructions</para>
        </abstract>
      </sectioninfo>
      <title>Generating webhelp output using the Ant build.xml
        file</title>
      <procedure>
        <title>To install the package</title>
        <note>
          <para>The examples in this procedure assume a Windows
            installation, but the process is the same in other
            environments, <foreignphrase>mutatis
              mutandis</foreignphrase>. In an environment where unix
            shell command are available, you can also use the
              <filename>Makefile.sample</filename> as a starting point
            for  creating your build script. To use
              <filename>Makefile.sample</filename> you must have
              <command>xsltproc</command> and <command>java</command>
            available in your <envar>PATH</envar>. You can also use
            the <ulink
              url="http://docbkx-tools.sourceforge.net/docbkx-samples/manual.html"
              >Docbkx Maven plugin</ulink> to generate webhelp.</para>
        </note>
        <step>
          <para>If necessary, install <ulink url="http://www.java.com/en/download/manual.jsp">Java
              1.6</ulink> or higher.</para>
          <substeps>
            <step>
              <para>Confirm that Java is installed and in your <envar>PATH</envar> by typing the
                following at a command prompt: <programlisting>java -version</programlisting></para>
              <note>
                <para>To build the indexer, you must have the JDK.</para>
              </note>
            </step>
          </substeps>
        </step>
        <step>
          <para>If necessary, install <ulink url="http://ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi">Apache
              Ant</ulink> 1.8.0 or higher. See <ulink
              url="http://ant.apache.org/manual/install.html">Ant installation instructions</ulink>.</para>
          <substeps>
            <step>
              <para>Unzip the Ant binary distribution to a convenient location on your system. For
                example: <filename>c:\Program Files</filename>.</para>
            </step>
            <step>
              <para>Set the environment variable <envar>ANT_HOME</envar> to the top-level Ant
                directory. For example: <filename>c:\Program Files\apache-ant-1.8.0</filename>. <tip>
                  <para>See <ulink url="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/310519">How To Manage
                      Environment Variables in Windows XP</ulink> for information on setting
                    environment variables.</para>
                </tip></para>
            </step>
            <step>
              <para>Add the Ant <filename>bin</filename> directory to your <envar>PATH</envar>. For
                example: <filename>c:\Program Files\apache-ant-1.8.0\bin</filename></para>
            </step>
            <step>
              <para>Confirm that Ant is installed by typing the following at a command prompt:
                <programlisting>ant -version</programlisting></para>
              <note>
                <para>If you see a message about the file <filename>tools.jar</filename> being
                  missing, you can safely ignore it.</para>
              </note>
            </step>
          </substeps>
        </step>
        <step>
          <para>Download <ulink url="http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/saxon/saxon6-5-5.zip">Saxon
              6.5.x</ulink> and unzip the distribution to a convenient location on your file system.
            You will use the path to <filename>saxon.jar</filename> in <xref
              linkend="edit-build-properties"/> below.<note>
              <para>The <filename>build.xml</filename> has only been tested with Saxon 6.5, though
                it could be adapted to work with other XSLT processors. However, when you generate
                output, the Saxon jar must <emphasis role="bold">not</emphasis> be in your
                  <envar>CLASSPATH</envar>.</para>
            </note></para>
        </step>
        <step>
          <para>Download <ulink
              url="https://xerces.apache.org/xerces2-j/">Xerces2
              Java</ulink> and extract it to a convenient location on
            your file system. You will need the
              <filename>xercesImpl.jar</filename> and
              <filename>xml-apis.jar</filename> from this distribution
            in in <xref linkend="edit-build-properties"/>. </para>
        </step>
        <step id="edit-build-properties">
          <para>In a text editor, edit the
              <filename>build.properties</filename> file in the
            webhelp directory and make the changes indicated by the comments.<important>
              <para>You must set appropriate values for
                  <code>xslt-processor-classpath</code>,
                  <code>xercesImpl.jar</code>, and
                  <code>xml-apis.jar</code>.</para>
            </important>See the DocBook <ulink
              url="../../../doc/html/webhelp.html">reference
              documentation</ulink> for detailed information about the
            available webhelp and other parameters. Note that not all
            DocBook parameters are passed in to the xsls by the
              <filename>build.xml</filename> by default. You may need
            to modify the <filename>build.xml</filename> to pass in
            some DocBook
            parameters.<programlisting>
# The path (relative to the build.xml file) to your input document.
# To use your own input document, create a build.xml file of your own
# and import this build.xml.
input-xml=docsrc/readme.xml

# The directory in which to put the output files. 
# This directory is created if it does not exist.
output-dir=docs

# If you are using a customization layer that imports webhelp.xsl, use
# this property to point to it. 
stylesheet-path=${ant.file.dir}/xsl/webhelp.xsl

# If your document has image directories that need to be copied
# to the output directory, you can list patterns here. 
# See the Ant documentation for fileset for documentation
# on patterns.
#input-images-dirs=images/**,figures/**,graphics/**

# By default, the ant script assumes your images are stored
# in the same directory as the input-xml. If you store your
# image directories in another directory, specify it here.
# and uncomment this line.
#input-images-basedir=/path/to/image/location

<emphasis># Modify the follosing so that they point to your local
# copy of the jars indicated:
# * Saxon 6.5 jar
# * Xerces 2: xercesImpl.jar
# * xml-commons: xml-apis.jar
xslt-processor-classpath=/usr/share/java/saxon-6.5.5.jar 
xercesImpl.jar=/usr/share/java/xercesImpl.jar
xml-apis.jar=/usr/share/java/xml-apis.jar
</emphasis>
# For non-ns version only, this validates the document 
# against a dtd.
validate-against-dtd=true

# The extension for files to be indexed (html/htm/xhtml etc.)
html.extension=html

# Set this to false if you don't need a search tab.
webhelp.include.search.tab=true

# indexer-language is used to tell the search indexer which language
# the docbook is written.  This will be used to identify the correct
# stemmer, and punctuations that differs from language to language.
# see the documentation for details. en=English, fr=French, de=German,
# zh=Chinese, ja=Japanese etc.  
webhelp.indexer.language=en

# Enables/Disables stemming
# Stemming allows better querying for the search
enable.stemming=true

# Set admon.graphics to 1 to user graphics for note, tip, etc.
admon.graphics=0
suppress.footer.navigation=0</programlisting></para>
        </step>
        <step>
          <para>Test the package by running the command <code>ant
              webhelp -Doutput-dir=test-ouput</code> at the command
            line in the webhelp directory. It should generate a copy
            of this documentation in the <filename class="directory"
              >doc</filename> directory. Type <code>start
              test-output\index.html</code> to open the output in a
            browser. Once you have confirmed that the process worked,
            you can delete the <filename class="directory"
              >test-output</filename> directory. </para>
        </step>
        <step>
          <para>To process your own document, simply refer to this package from another
              <filename>build.xml</filename> in arbitrary location on your system:</para>
          <substeps>
            <step>
              <para>Create a new <filename>build.xml</filename> file that defines the name of your
                source file, the desired output directory, and imports the
                  <filename>build.xml</filename> from this package. For example:
                <programlisting>&lt;project&gt;
  &lt;property name="input-xml" value="<replaceable>path-to/yourfile.xml</replaceable>"/&gt;
  &lt;property name="input-images-dirs" value="<replaceable>images/** figures/** graphics/**</replaceable>"/&gt;
  &lt;property name="output-dir" value="<replaceable>path-to/desired-output-dir</replaceable>"/&gt;
  &lt;import file="<replaceable>path-to/docbook-webhelp/</replaceable>build.xml"/&gt;
&lt;/project&gt;</programlisting></para>
            </step>
            <step>
              <para>From the directory containing your newly created <filename>build.xml</filename>
                file, type <code>ant webhelp</code> to build your document.</para>
            </step>
          </substeps>
        </step>
      </procedure>
    </section>
    <section>
      <title>Using and customizing the output</title>
      <para>To deep link to a topic inside the help set, simply link directly to the page. This help
        system uses no frameset, so nothing further is necessary. <tip>
          <para>See <ulink url="http://www.sagehill.net/docbookxsl/Chunking.html">Chunking into
              multiple HTML files</ulink> in Bob Stayton's <ulink
              url="http://www.sagehill.net/docbookxsl/index.html">DocBook XSL: The Complete
              Guide</ulink> for information on controlling output file names and which files are
            chunked in DocBook.</para>
        </tip></para>
      <para>When you perform a search, the results can include brief summaries. These are populated
        in one of two ways:<itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>By adding <sgmltag>role="summary"</sgmltag> to a <sgmltag>para</sgmltag> or
                <sgmltag>phrase</sgmltag> in the <sgmltag>chapter</sgmltag> or
                <sgmltag>section</sgmltag>.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>By adding an <sgmltag>abstract</sgmltag> to the <sgmltag>chapterinfo</sgmltag> or
                <sgmltag>sectioninfo</sgmltag> element.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist></para>
      <para>To customize the look and feel of the help, study the following css files:<itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para><filename>docs/common/css/positioning.css</filename>: This handles the Positioning
              of DIVs in appropriate positions. For example, it causes the
                <code>leftnavigation</code> div to appear on the left, the header on top, and so on.
              Use this if you need to change the relative positions or need to change the
              width/height etc.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para><filename>docs/common/jquery/theme-redmond/jquery-ui-1.8.2.custom.css</filename>:
              This is the theming part which adds colors and stuff. This is a default theme comes
              with <ulink url="http://jqueryui.com/download">jqueryui</ulink> unchanged. You can get
              any theme based your interest from this. (Themes are on right navigation bar.) Then
              replace the css theme folder (theme-redmond) with it, and change the xsl to point to
              the new css.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para><filename>docs/common/jquery/treeview/jquery.treeview.css</filename>: This styles
              the toc Tree. Generally, you don't have to edit this file.</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist></para>
      <section>
        <title>Recommended Apache configurations</title>
        <para>If you are serving a long document from an Apache web
          server, we recommend you make the following additions or
          changes to your <filename>httpd.conf</filename> or
            <filename>.htaccess</filename> file. <programlisting>AddDefaultCharSet UTF-8 # <co id="AddDefaultCharSet"/>
  
      # 480 weeks
      &lt;FilesMatch "\.(ico|pdf|flv|jpg|jpeg|png|gif|js|css|swf)$"&gt; # <co id="CachingSettings"/>
      Header set Cache-Control "max-age=290304000, public"
      &lt;/FilesMatch&gt;
      
      # 2 DAYS
      &lt;FilesMatch "\.(xml|txt)$"&gt;
      Header set Cache-Control "max-age=172800, public, must-revalidate"
      &lt;/FilesMatch&gt;
      
      # 2 HOURS
      &lt;FilesMatch "\.(html|htm)$"&gt;
      Header set Cache-Control "max-age=7200, must-revalidate"
      &lt;/FilesMatch&gt;
      
      # compress text, html, javascript, css, xml:
      AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/plain # <co id="CompressSetting"/>
      AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html
      AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/xml
      AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/css
      AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xml
      AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xhtml+xml
      AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/rss+xml
      AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/javascript
      AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-javascript
      
      # Or, compress certain file types by extension:
      &lt;Files *.html&gt; 
      SetOutputFilter DEFLATE
      &lt;/Files&gt;
      </programlisting><calloutlist>
            <callout arearefs="AddDefaultCharSet">
              <para>See <ulink
                  url="http://www.sagehill.net/docbookxsl/SpecialChars.html"
                  >Odd characters in HTML output</ulink> in Bob
                Stayton's book <citetitle>DocBook XSL: The Complete
                  Guide</citetitle> for more information about this
                setting.</para>
            </callout>
            <callout arearefs="CachingSettings">
              <para>These lines and those that follow cause the
                browser to cache various resources such as bitmaps and
                JavaScript files. Note that caching JavaScript files
                could cause your users to have stale search indexes if
                you update your document since the search index is
                stored in JavaScript files.</para>
            </callout>
            <callout arearefs="CompressSetting">
              <para>These lines cause the the server to compress html,
                css, and JavaScript files and the brower to uncompress
                them to improve download performance.</para>
            </callout>
          </calloutlist></para>
      </section>
    </section>
    <section>
      <title>Search indexing</title>
      <para>Run <command>ant index</command> in the webhelp directory to index the content. Running
          <command>ant webhelp</command> will do the indexing as part of the process as well.</para>
      <para>Here's some detailed information about invoking the indexer. The indexing process is
        pretty smooth, so probably you doesn't need to be concerned with following details. Webhelp
        Ant script does all the needed bits.</para>
      <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
          <para>Following should be in the CLASSPATH.</para>
          <para>
            <itemizedlist>
              <listitem>
                <para><filename>webhelpindexer.jar</filename>,
                    <filename>lucene-analyzers-3.0.0.jar</filename>,
                    <filename>lucene-core-3.0.0.jar</filename> - These three are available in the
                  extensions/ directory of docsbook-xsl-1.76.1, and is automatically fetched to the
                  webhelp's Ant script. Go for a XSL snapshot if you can which contains the latest
                  version http://docbook.sourceforge.net/snapshot/</para>
              </listitem>
              <listitem>
                <para><filename>xercesImpl.jar</filename>, <filename> xml-apis.jar</filename> -
                  These two comes by default with Ant 1.8.0 or prior versions. These are available
                  under /usr/share/java directory of Linux distributions as well. Else, you may have
                  to download, and put them to <filename>jre/lib/endorsed</filename>.</para>
              </listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
          </para>
        </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para>The main class is <classname>com.nexwave.nquindexer.IndexerMain</classname> for the
            version 1.76.1+. It's <classname>com.nexwave.nquindexer.IndexerTask</classname> for the
            versions 1.76.0 and 1.76.1.</para>
          <para>
            <itemizedlist>
              <listitem>
                <para>Needs two parameters as command-line arguments:</para>
                <para>
                  <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem>
                      <para>The folder where the files to be indexed reside</para>
                    </listitem>
                  </itemizedlist>
                  <itemizedlist>
                    <listitem>
                      <para>(Optional) language. defaults to "en". See build.properties for
                        details</para>
                    </listitem>
                  </itemizedlist>
                </para>
              </listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
            <note>
              <para>We have changed the way we invoke the webhelp indexer from the Ant Task to
                  <code>indexertask</code> to direct invocation. This seems to have remove the
                  <envar>CLASSPATH</envar> issue some people were having.</para>
            </note>
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </itemizedlist>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>search</primary>
        <secondary>indexing</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>indexer</primary>
        <secondary>CLASSPATH</secondary>
      </indexterm>
      <para role="summary">To build the indexer, you must have installed the JDK version 1.5 or
        higher and set the <envar>ANT_HOME</envar> environment variable. </para>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>ANT_HOME</primary>
      </indexterm>
      <indexterm>
        <primary>indexer</primary>
        <secondary>building</secondary>
      </indexterm>
    </section>
    <section>
      <title>Adding support for other (non-CJKV) languages</title>
      <para>To support stemming for a language, the search mechanism requires a stemmer implemented
        in both Java and JavaScript. The Java version is used by the indexer and the JavaScript
        verison is used to stem the user's input on the search form. Currently the search mechanism
        supports stemming for English and German. In addition, Java stemmers are included for the
        following languages. Therefore, to support these languages, you only need to implement the
        stemmer in JavaScript and add it to the template. If you do undertake this task, please
        consider contributing the JavaScript version back to this project and to <ulink
          url="http://snowball.tartarus.org/texts/stemmersoverview.html">Martin Porter's
          project</ulink>.<itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Danish</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Dutch</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Finnish</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Hungarian</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Italian</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Norwegian</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Portuguese</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Romanian</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Russian</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Spanish</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Swedish</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Turkish</para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist><indexterm>
          <primary>stemming</primary>
        </indexterm></para>
    </section>
    <section>
      <title>Adding images</title>
      <para>This section shows how to add images to WebHelp. For that, follow the simple procedure given.<itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Put the images in a subdirectory of your source file directory. For example
                <filename>docsrc/images</filename>.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Then refer to those images from your docbook document.</para>
            <para>Following image is from <emphasis role="bold"
                >webhelp/docsrs/images/sample.jpg</emphasis>. The docbook code is shown
              below.</para>
            <para>
              <figure>
                <title>Sample Image</title>
                <mediaobject>
                  <imageobject>
                    <imagedata fileref="images/sample.jpg" format="JPG"/>
                  </imageobject>
                </mediaobject>
              </figure>
            </para>
            <example>
              <title>Example code for adding images. Note down the relative path used</title>
              <programlisting>&lt;figure>
  &lt;title>Sample&lt;/title>
  &lt;mediaobject>
    &lt;imageobject>
      &lt;imagedata fileref="<emphasis role="bold">images/sample.jpg</emphasis>" format="JPG"/>
    &lt;/imageobject>
  &lt;/mediaobject>
&lt;/figure></programlisting>
            </example>
          </listitem>
        <listitem>
          <para> The <filename>build.properties</filename> file controls what directories are copied
              over from the source tree to the output
              tree:<programlisting># If your document has image directories that need to be copied
# to the output directory, you can list patterns here. 
# See the Ant documentation for fileset for documentation
# on patterns.
input-images-dirs=images/**,figures/**,graphics/**</programlisting></para>
        </listitem>
        </itemizedlist></para>
    </section>
  </chapter>
  <chapter>
    <title>Developer Docs</title>
    <para role="summary">This chapter provides an overview of how webhelp is implemented.</para>
    <para>The table of contents and search panes are implemented as divs and rendered as if they
      were the left pane in a frameset. As a result, the page must save the state of the table of
      contents and the search in cookies when you navigate away from a page. When you load a new
      page, the page reads these cookies and restores the state of the table of contents tree and
      search. The result is that the help system behaves exactly as if it were a frameset.</para>
    <section>
      <title>Design</title>
      <para role="summary">An overview of webhelp page structure.</para>
      <para>DocBook WebHelp page structure is fully built on css-based design abandoning frameset
        structure. Overall page structure can be divided in to three main sections <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Header: Header is a separate Div which include company logo, navigation
              button(prev, next etc.), page title and heading of parent topic.</para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Content: This includes the content of the documentation. The processing of this
              part is done by <ulink
                url="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/xhtml/chunk.xsl"> DocBook
                XSL Chunking customization</ulink>. Few further css-styling applied from
                <filename>positioning.css</filename>. </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>Left Navigation: This includes the table of contents and search tab. This is
              customized using <ulink url="http://jqueryui.com/">jquery-ui</ulink> styling.</para>
            <itemizedlist>
              <listitem>
                <para>Tabbed Navigation: The navigation pane is organized in to two tabs. Contents
                  tab, and Search tab. Tabbed output is achieved using <ulink
                    url="http://docs.jquery.com/UI/Tabs">JQuery Tabs plugin</ulink>. </para>
              </listitem>
              <listitem>
                <para>Table of Contents (TOC) tree: When building the chunked html from the docbook
                  file, Table of Contents is generated as an Unordered List (a list made from
                    <code>&lt;ul> &lt;li></code> tags). When page loads in the browser, we apply
                  styling to it to achieve the nice look that you see. Styling for TOC tree is done
                  by a JQuery UI plugin called <ulink
                    url="http://bassistance.de/jquery-plugins/jquery-plugin-treeview/">
                    TreeView</ulink>. We can generate the tree easily by following javascript code:
                  <programlisting>
//Generate the tree
$("#tree").treeview({
collapsed: true,
animated: "medium",
control: "#sidetreecontrol",
persist: "cookie"
});
</programlisting>
                </para>
              </listitem>
              <listitem>
                <para>Search Tab: This includes the search feature.</para>
              </listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <indexterm>
          <primary>design</primary>
        </indexterm></para>
    </section>
    <section>
      <title>Search</title>
      <para role="summary">Overview design of Search mechanism.</para>
      <para>The serching is a fully client-side implementation of querying texts for content
        searching. There's no server involved. So, the search queries by the users are processed by
        JavaScript inside the browser, and displays the matching results by comparing the query with
        a simplified 'index' that too resides in JavaScript. Mainly the search mechanism has two
        parts. <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Indexing: First we need to traverse the content in
              the docs folder and index the words in it. This is done
              by <filename>webhelpindexer.jar</filename> in
                <filename>xsl/extentions/</filename> folder. You can
              invoke it by <code>ant index</code> command from the
              root of webhelp of directory. The source of
              webhelpindexer is now moved to it's own location at
                <filename>trunk/xsl-webhelpindexer/</filename>.
              Checkout the Docbook trunk svn directory to get this
              source. Then, do your changes and recompile it by simply
              running <code>ant</code> command. My assumption is that
              it can be opened by Netbeans IDE by one click. Or if you
              are using IntelliJ Idea, you can simply create a new
              project from existing sources. Indexer has extensive
              support for features such as word scoring, stemming of
              words, and support for languages English, German,
              French. For CJK (Chinese, Japanese, Korean) languages,
              it uses bi-gram tokenizing to break up the words (since
              CJK languages does not have spaces between
              words).</para>
            <para> When <code>ant index</code> is run, it generates five output files: <itemizedlist>
                <listitem>
                  <para><filename>htmlFileList.js</filename> - This contains an array named
                      <code>fl</code> which stores details all the files indexed by the indexer.
                    Further, the doStem in it defines whether stemming should be used. It defaults
                    to false.</para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                  <para><filename>htmlFileInfoList.js</filename> -
                    This includes some meta data about the indexed
                    files in an array named <code>fil</code>. It
                    includes details about file name, file (html)
                    title, a summary of the content. Format would look
                    like, <code>fil["4"]= "ch03.html@@@Developer
                      Docs@@@This chapter provides an overview of how
                      webhelp is implemented.";</code>
                  </para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                  <para><filename>index-*.js</filename> (Three index files) - These three files
                    actually stores the index of the content. Index is added to an array named
                      <code>w</code>.</para>
                </listitem>
              </itemizedlist></para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para> Querying: Query processing happens totally in client side. Following JavaScript
              files handles them. <itemizedlist>
                <listitem>
                  <para><filename>nwSearchFnt.js</filename> - This handles the user query and
                    returns the search results. It does query word tokenizing, drop unnecessary
                    punctuations and common words, do stemming if docbook language supports it,
                    etc.</para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                  <para><filename>{$indexer-language-code}_stemmer.js</filename> - This includes the
                    stemming library. <filename>nwSearchFnt.js</filename> file calls
                      <code>stemmer</code> method in this file for stemming. ex: <code>var stem =
                      stemmer(foobar);</code>
                  </para>
                </listitem>
              </itemizedlist>
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <indexterm>
          <primary>search</primary>
        </indexterm></para>
      <section>
        <title>New Stemmers</title>
        <para role="summary">Adding new Stemmers is very simple.</para>
        <para>Currently, only English, French, and German stemmers are integrated in to WebHelp. But
          the code is extensible such that you can add new stemmers easily by few steps.</para>
        <para>What you need: <itemizedlist>
            <listitem>
              <para>You'll need two versions of the stemmer; One written in JavaScript, and another
                in Java. But fortunately, Snowball contains Java stemmers for number of popular
                languages, and are already included with the package. You can see the full list in
                  <ulink url="ch02s04.html">Adding support for other (non-CJKV) languages</ulink>.
                If your language is listed there, Then you have to find javascript version of the
                stemmer. Generally, new stemmers are getting added in to <ulink
                  url="http://snowball.tartarus.org/otherlangs/index.html">Snowball Stemmers in
                  other languages</ulink> location. If javascript stemmer for your language is
                available, then download it. Else, you can write a new stemmer in JavaScript using
                SnowBall algorithm fairly easily. Algorithms are at <ulink
                  url="http://snowball.tartarus.org/">Snowball</ulink>. </para>
            </listitem>
            <listitem>
              <para>Then, name the JS stemmer exactly like this:
                  <filename>{$language-code}_stemmer.js</filename>.
                For example, for Italian(it), name it as,
                  <filename>it_stemmer.js</filename>. Then, copy it to
                the
                  <filename>docbook-webhelp/template/search/stemmers/</filename>
                folder. (I assumed
                  <filename>docbook-webhelp</filename> is the root
                folder for webhelp.) <note>
                  <para>Make sure you changed the
                      <code>webhelp.indexer.language</code> property
                    in <filename>build.properties</filename> to your
                    language. </para>
                </note>
              </para>
            </listitem>
            <listitem>
              <para>Now two easy changes needed for the indexer.</para>
              <itemizedlist>
                <listitem>
                  <para>Open
                      <filename>docbook-webhelp/indexer/src/com/nexwave/nquindexer/IndexerTask.java</filename>
                    in a text editor and add your language code to the
                      <code>supportedLanguages</code> String Array. </para>
                  <example>
                    <title>Add new language to supportedLanguages array</title>
                    <para> change the Array from,
                      <programlisting>
private String[] supportedLanguages= {"en", "de", "fr", "cn", "ja", "ko"}; 
    //currently extended support available for
    // English, German, French and CJK (Chinese, Japanese, Korean) languages only.
</programlisting>
                      To,</para>
                    <programlisting>
private String[] supportedLanguages= {"en", "de", "fr", "cn", "ja", "ko", <emphasis>"it"</emphasis>}; 
  //currently extended support available for
  // English, German, French, CJK (Chinese, Japanese, Korean), and Italian languages only.
                    </programlisting>
                  </example>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                  <para> Now, open
                      <filename>docbook-webhelp/indexer/src/com/nexwave/nquindexer/SaxHTMLIndex.java</filename>
                    and add the following line to the code where it initializes the Stemmer (Search
                    for <code>SnowballStemmer stemmer;</code>). Then add code to initialize the
                    stemmer Object in your language. It's self understandable. See the example. The
                    class names are at:
                      <filename>docbook-webhelp/indexer/src/com/nexwave/stemmer/snowball/ext/</filename>. </para>
                  <example>
                    <title>Initialize correct stemmer based on the
                        <code>webhelp.indexer.language</code> specified</title>
                    <programlisting>
      SnowballStemmer stemmer;
      if(indexerLanguage.equalsIgnoreCase("en")){
           stemmer = new EnglishStemmer();
      } else if (indexerLanguage.equalsIgnoreCase("de")){
          stemmer= new GermanStemmer();
      } else if (indexerLanguage.equalsIgnoreCase("fr")){
          stemmer= new FrenchStemmer();
      }
<emphasis>else if (indexerLanguage.equalsIgnoreCase("it")){ //If language code is "it" (Italian)
          stemmer= new italianStemmer();  //Initialize the stemmer to <code>italianStemmer</code> object.
      } </emphasis>      
      else {
          stemmer = null;
      }
</programlisting>
                  </example>
                </listitem>
              </itemizedlist>
            </listitem>
          </itemizedlist>
        </para>
        <para>That's all. Now run <code>ant build-indexer</code> to compile and build the java code.
          Then, run <code>ant webhelp</code> to generate the output from your docbook file. For any
          questions, contact us or email to the docbook mailing list
            <email>docbook-apps@lists.oasis-open.org</email>.</para>
        <indexterm>
          <primary>stemmer</primary>
        </indexterm>
      </section>
    </section>
  </chapter>
  <chapter>
    <chapterinfo>
      <abstract>
        <para>Frequently Asked Questions</para>
      </abstract>
    </chapterinfo>
    <title>FAQ</title>
    <qandaset>
      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>On what browsers and operating systems WebHelp has tested extensively?</para>
        </question>
        <answer>
          <para>We tested it with versions of most browsers including Firefox 3.x+, IE 7+, Chrome,
            Safari, and iPod/iPhone. The JavaScript codes are mostly jquery plugins, so you’d want
            to check the jquery support matrix for details.</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>
      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>Apart from this demo, where can I find other demos or production deployments of
            WebHelp?</para>
        </question>
        <answer>
          <para>There are four production deployments provided in <ulink
              url="http://wiki.docbook.org/WebHelp">WebHelp wiki</ulink> currently.</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>
      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>When building the webhelp output, I'm getting the following error. What's the reason
            for this?</para>
          <programlisting>[xslt] : Warning! file:/C:/Users/kasun/docbook-xsl-1.77.0/xhtml/autoidx.xsl:
            line 596: Attribute 'href' outside of element.
[xslt] : Warning! file:/C:/Users/kasun/docbook-xsl-1.77.0/xhtml/autoidx.xsl: 
            line 596: Attribute 'href' outside of element.</programlisting>
          <para>----</para>
        </question>
        <answer>
          <para>This happens if you haven't done the step 3 and 4 of webhelp build guide "Generating
            webhelp output" in the documentation. Basically, you need to correctly set the following
            folder
            paths.<programlisting>xslt-processor-classpath=/usr/share/java/saxon-6.5.5.jar
xercesImpl.jar=/usr/share/java/xercesImpl.jar
xml-apis.jar=/usr/share/java/xml-apis.jar</programlisting></para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>
      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>Does WebHelp Indexer can index HTML transformation as well?</para>
        </question>
        <answer>
          <para>Yes, WebHelp supports HTML transformations as well in addition to XHTML.</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>
      <qandaentry>
        <question>
          <para>I need more information about webhelp-indexer. Where can I find it?</para>
        </question>
        <answer>
          <para>The DocBook Webhelp Indexer is based on the HTMLSearch plugin for DITA. See <ulink
              url="http://www.helpml.com:8088/help/index.jsp?topic=/org.sample.help.doc/htmlsearch/DHSC_BestPractices_htmlsearch.html"
              >HTMLSearch documentation </ulink> for more information.</para>
        </answer>
      </qandaentry>
    </qandaset>
    <indexterm>
      <primary>FAQ</primary>
    </indexterm>
  </chapter>
  <xi:include href="xinclude-test.xml"  xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"/>
  <index/>
</book>