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Diffstat (limited to 'doc/gawktexi.in')
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1 files changed, 13 insertions, 7 deletions
diff --git a/doc/gawktexi.in b/doc/gawktexi.in index 48e61668..58861621 100644 --- a/doc/gawktexi.in +++ b/doc/gawktexi.in @@ -7685,8 +7685,8 @@ To use CSV data, invoke @command{gawk} with either of the Fields in CSV files are separated by commas. In order to allow a comma to appear inside a field (i.e., as data), the field may be quoted by beginning and ending it with double quotes. In order to allow a double -quote inside a field, the field @emph{must} be quoted, and two double quotes are used -to represent an actual double quote. +quote inside a field, the field @emph{must} be quoted, and two double quotes +represent an actual double quote. The double quote that starts a quoted field must be the first character after the comma. @ref{table-csv-examples} shows some examples. @@ -7706,8 +7706,10 @@ Additionally, and here's where it gets messy, newlines are also allowed inside double-quoted fields! In order to deal with such things, when processing CSV files, @command{gawk} scans the input data looking for newlines that -are not enclosed in double quotes. Thus, use of the @option{--csv} -totally overrides normal record processing with @code{RS} (@pxref{Records}). +are not enclosed in double quotes. Thus, use of the @option{--csv} option +totally overrides normal record processing with @code{RS} (@pxref{Records}), +as well as field splitting with any of @code{FS}, @code{FIELDWIDTHS}, +or @code{FPAT}. @cindex Kernighan, Brian @subentry quotes @sidebar Carriage-Return--Line-Feed Line Endings In CSV Files @@ -7719,9 +7721,13 @@ totally overrides normal record processing with @code{RS} (@pxref{Records}). Many CSV files are imported from systems where the line terminator for text files is a carriage-return--line-feed pair (CR-LF, @samp{\r} followed by @samp{\n}). -For ease of use, when processing CSV files, @command{gawk} simply -includes the carriage-return character in the record terminator -when it occurs immediately prior to a line-feed character in the input. +For ease of use, when processing CSV files, @command{gawk} converts +CR-LF pairs into a single newline. That is, the @samp{\r} is removed. + +This occurs only when a CR is paired with an LF; a standalone CR +is left alone. This behavior is consistent with with Windows systems +which automatically convert CR-LF in files into a plain LF in memory, +and also with the commonly available @command{unix2dos} utility program. @end sidebar The behavior of the @code{split()} function (not formally discussed |