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diff --git a/doc/administration/gitaly/index.md b/doc/administration/gitaly/index.md index 4407facfca9..daec5f14e36 100644 --- a/doc/administration/gitaly/index.md +++ b/doc/administration/gitaly/index.md @@ -2,127 +2,127 @@ [Gitaly](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitaly) is the service that provides high-level RPC access to Git repositories. Without it, no other -components can read or write Git data. +components can read or write Git data. GitLab components that access Git +repositories (gitlab-rails, gitlab-shell, gitlab-workhorse, etc.) act as clients +to Gitaly. End users do not have direct access to Gitaly. -GitLab components that access Git repositories (gitlab-rails, -gitlab-shell, gitlab-workhorse) act as clients to Gitaly. End users do -not have direct access to Gitaly. +In the rest of this page, Gitaly server is referred to the standalone node that +only runs Gitaly, and Gitaly client to the GitLab Rails node that runs all other +processes except Gitaly. ## Configuring Gitaly The Gitaly service itself is configured via a TOML configuration file. -This file is documented [in the gitaly +This file is documented [in the Gitaly repository](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitaly/blob/master/doc/configuration/README.md). -To change a Gitaly setting in Omnibus you can use -`gitaly['my_setting']` in `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`. Changes will be applied -when you run `gitlab-ctl reconfigure`. +In case you want to change some of its settings: -```ruby -gitaly['prometheus_listen_addr'] = 'localhost:9236' -``` +**For Omnibus GitLab** -To change a Gitaly setting in installations from source you can edit -`/home/git/gitaly/config.toml`. Changes will be applied when you run -`service gitlab restart`. +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` and add or change the [Gitaly settings](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/blob/1dd07197c7e5ae23626aad5a4a070a800b670380/files/gitlab-config-template/gitlab.rb.template#L1622-1676). +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). -```toml -prometheus_listen_addr = "localhost:9236" -``` +**For installations from source** -## Client-side GRPC logs - -Gitaly uses the [gRPC](https://grpc.io/) RPC framework. The Ruby gRPC -client has its own log file which may contain useful information when -you are seeing Gitaly errors. You can control the log level of the -gRPC client with the `GRPC_LOG_LEVEL` environment variable. The -default level is `WARN`. +1. Edit `/home/git/gitaly/config.toml` and add or change the [Gitaly settings](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitaly/blob/master/config.toml.example). +1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source). ## Running Gitaly on its own server -> This is an optional way to deploy Gitaly which can benefit GitLab +This is an optional way to deploy Gitaly which can benefit GitLab installations that are larger than a single machine. Most installations will be better served with the default configuration used by Omnibus and the GitLab source installation guide. Starting with GitLab 11.4, Gitaly is able to serve all Git requests without -needed a shared NFS mount for Git repository data. +requiring a shared NFS mount for Git repository data. Between 11.4 and 11.8 the exception was the [Elasticsearch indexer](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-elasticsearch-indexer). But since 11.8 the indexer uses Gitaly for data access as well. NFS can still be leveraged for redudancy on block level of the Git data. But only has to be mounted on the Gitaly server. -NOTE: **Note:** While Gitaly can be used as a replacement for NFS, we do not recommend -using EFS as it may impact GitLab's performance. Please review the [relevant documentation](../high_availability/nfs.md#avoid-using-awss-elastic-file-system-efs) +Starting with GitLab 11.8, it is possible to use ElasticSearch in conjunction with +a Gitaly setup that isn't utilising NFS. In order to use ElasticSearch in this +scenario, the [new repository indexer](../../integration/elasticsearch.md#elasticsearch-repository-indexer-beta) +needs to be enabled in your GitLab configuration. + +NOTE: **Note:** While Gitaly can be used as a replacement for NFS, it's not recommended +to use EFS as it may impact GitLab's performance. Review the [relevant documentation](../high_availability/nfs.md#avoid-using-awss-elastic-file-system-efs) for more details. ### Network architecture -- gitlab-rails shards repositories into "repository storages" -- `gitlab-rails/config/gitlab.yml` contains a map from storage names to - (Gitaly address, Gitaly token) pairs -- the `storage name` -\> `(Gitaly address, Gitaly token)` map in - `gitlab.yml` is the single source of truth for the Gitaly network - topology -- a (Gitaly address, Gitaly token) corresponds to a Gitaly server -- a Gitaly server hosts one or more storages -- Gitaly addresses must be specified in such a way that they resolve - correctly for ALL Gitaly clients -- Gitaly clients are: unicorn, sidekiq, gitlab-workhorse, - gitlab-shell, Elasticsearch Indexer, and Gitaly itself -- special case: a Gitaly server must be able to make RPC calls **to - itself** via its own (Gitaly address, Gitaly token) pair as - specified in `gitlab-rails/config/gitlab.yml` -- Gitaly servers must not be exposed to the public internet +The following list depicts what the network architecture of Gitaly is: -Gitaly network traffic is unencrypted by default, but supports -[TLS](#tls-support). Authentication is done through a static token. +- GitLab Rails shards repositories into [repository storages](../repository_storage_paths.md). +- `/config/gitlab.yml` contains a map from storage names to + `(Gitaly address, Gitaly token)` pairs. +- the `storage name` -\> `(Gitaly address, Gitaly token)` map in + `/config/gitlab.yml` is the single source of truth for the Gitaly network + topology. +- A `(Gitaly address, Gitaly token)` corresponds to a Gitaly server. +- A Gitaly server hosts one or more storages. +- A GitLab server can use one or more Gitaly servers. +- Gitaly addresses must be specified in such a way that they resolve + correctly for ALL Gitaly clients. +- Gitaly clients are: Unicorn, Sidekiq, gitlab-workhorse, + gitlab-shell, Elasticsearch Indexer, and Gitaly itself. +- A Gitaly server must be able to make RPC calls **to itself** via its own + `(Gitaly address, Gitaly token)` pair as specified in `/config/gitlab.yml`. +- Gitaly servers must not be exposed to the public internet as Gitaly's network + traffic is unencrypted by default. The use of firewall is highly recommended + to restrict access to the Gitaly server. Another option is to + [use TLS](#tls-support). +- Authentication is done through a static token which is shared among the Gitaly + and GitLab Rails nodes. -NOTE: **Note:** Gitaly network traffic is unencrypted so we recommend a firewall to -restrict access to your Gitaly server. +Below we describe how to configure two Gitaly servers one at +`gitaly1.internal` and the other at `gitaly2.internal` +with secret token `abc123secret`. We assume +your GitLab installation has three repository storages: `default`, +`storage1` and `storage2`. -Below we describe how to configure a Gitaly server at address -`gitaly.internal:8075` with secret token `abc123secret`. We assume -your GitLab installation has two repository storages, `default` and -`storage1`. +### 1. Installation -### Installation +First install Gitaly on each Gitaly server using either +Omnibus GitLab or install it from source: -First install Gitaly using either Omnibus or from source. +- For Omnibus GitLab: [Download/install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) the Omnibus GitLab + package you want using **steps 1 and 2** from the GitLab downloads page but + **_do not_** provide the `EXTERNAL_URL=` value. +- From source: [Install Gitaly](../../install/installation.md#install-gitaly). -Omnibus: [Download/install](https://about.gitlab.com/install/) the Omnibus GitLab -package you want using **steps 1 and 2** from the GitLab downloads page but -**_do not_** provide the `EXTERNAL_URL=` value. +### 2. Client side token configuration -Source: [Install Gitaly](../../install/installation.md#install-gitaly) +Configure a token on the instance that runs the GitLab Rails application. -### Client side token configuration +**For Omnibus GitLab** -Configure a token on the client side. +1. On the client node(s), edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`: -Omnibus installations: + ```ruby + gitlab_rails['gitaly_token'] = 'abc123secret' + ``` -```ruby -# /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb -gitlab_rails['gitaly_token'] = 'abc123secret' -``` +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). -Source installations: +**For installations from source** -```yaml -# /home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml -gitlab: - gitaly: - token: 'abc123secret' -``` +1. On the client node(s), edit `/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml`: + + ```yaml + gitlab: + gitaly: + token: 'abc123secret' + ``` -You need to reconfigure (Omnibus) or restart (source) for these -changes to be picked up. +1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source). -### Gitaly server configuration +### 3. Gitaly server configuration -Next, on the Gitaly server, we need to configure storage paths, enable +Next, on the Gitaly servers, you need to configure storage paths, enable the network listener and configure the token. NOTE: **Note:** if you want to reduce the risk of downtime when you enable @@ -137,131 +137,228 @@ the Gitaly server. The easiest way to accomplish this is to copy `/etc/gitlab/gi from an existing GitLab server to the Gitaly server. Without this shared secret, Git operations in GitLab will result in an API error. -NOTE: **Note:** In most or all cases the storage paths below end in `/repositories` which is -different than `path` in `git_data_dirs` of Omnibus installations. Check the -directory layout on your Gitaly server to be sure. +NOTE: **Note:** +In most or all cases, the storage paths below end in `/repositories` which is +not the case with `path` in `git_data_dirs` of Omnibus GitLab installations. +Check the directory layout on your Gitaly server to be sure. + +**For Omnibus GitLab** + +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`: + + <!-- + updates to following example must also be made at + https://gitlab.com/charts/gitlab/blob/master/doc/advanced/external-gitaly/external-omnibus-gitaly.md#configure-omnibus-gitlab + --> + + ```ruby + # /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb + + # Avoid running unnecessary services on the Gitaly server + postgresql['enable'] = false + redis['enable'] = false + nginx['enable'] = false + prometheus['enable'] = false + unicorn['enable'] = false + sidekiq['enable'] = false + gitlab_workhorse['enable'] = false + + # Prevent database connections during 'gitlab-ctl reconfigure' + gitlab_rails['rake_cache_clear'] = false + gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false + + # Configure the gitlab-shell API callback URL. Without this, `git push` will + # fail. This can be your 'front door' GitLab URL or an internal load + # balancer. + # Don't forget to copy `/etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json` from web server to Gitaly server. + gitlab_rails['internal_api_url'] = 'https://gitlab.example.com' + + # Make Gitaly accept connections on all network interfaces. You must use + # firewalls to restrict access to this address/port. + gitaly['listen_addr'] = "0.0.0.0:8075" + gitaly['auth_token'] = 'abc123secret' + + # To use TLS for Gitaly you need to add + gitaly['tls_listen_addr'] = "0.0.0.0:9999" + gitaly['certificate_path'] = "path/to/cert.pem" + gitaly['key_path'] = "path/to/key.pem" + ``` + +1. Append the following to `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` for each respective server: + + For `gitaly1.internal`: + + ``` + gitaly['storage'] = [ + { 'name' => 'default' }, + { 'name' => 'storage1' }, + ] + ``` + + For `gitaly2.internal`: + + ``` + gitaly['storage'] = [ + { 'name' => 'storage2' }, + ] + ``` + + NOTE: **Note:** + In some cases, you'll have to set `path` for `gitaly['storage']` in the + format `'path' => '/mnt/gitlab/<storage name>/repositories'`. + +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). + +**For installations from source** + +1. On the client node(s), edit `/home/git/gitaly/config.toml`: + + ```toml + listen_addr = '0.0.0.0:8075' + tls_listen_addr = '0.0.0.0:9999' + + [tls] + certificate_path = /path/to/cert.pem + key_path = /path/to/key.pem + + [auth] + token = 'abc123secret' + ``` + +1. Append the following to `/home/git/gitaly/config.toml` for each respective server: + + For `gitaly1.internal`: + + ```toml + [[storage]] + name = 'default' + + [[storage]] + name = 'storage1' + ``` + + For `gitaly2.internal`: + + ```toml + [[storage]] + name = 'storage2' + ``` + + NOTE: **Note:** + In some cases, you'll have to set `path` for each `[[storage]]` in the + format `path = '/mnt/gitlab/<storage name>/repositories'`. + +1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source). + +### 4. Converting clients to use the Gitaly server + +As the final step, you need to update the client machines to switch from using +their local Gitaly service to the new Gitaly server you just configured. This +is a risky step because if there is any sort of network, firewall, or name +resolution problem preventing your GitLab server from reaching the Gitaly server, +then all Gitaly requests will fail. -Omnibus installations: +Additionally, you need to +[disable Rugged if previously manually enabled](../high_availability/nfs.md#improving-nfs-performance-with-gitlab). -<!-- -updates to following example must also be made at -https://gitlab.com/charts/gitlab/blob/master/doc/advanced/external-gitaly/external-omnibus-gitaly.md#configure-omnibus-gitlab ---> +We assume that your `gitaly1.internal` Gitaly server can be reached at +`gitaly1.internal:8075` from your GitLab server, and that Gitaly server +can read and write to `/mnt/gitlab/default` and `/mnt/gitlab/storage1`. -```ruby -# /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb - -# Avoid running unnecessary services on the Gitaly server -postgresql['enable'] = false -redis['enable'] = false -nginx['enable'] = false -prometheus['enable'] = false -unicorn['enable'] = false -sidekiq['enable'] = false -gitlab_workhorse['enable'] = false - -# Prevent database connections during 'gitlab-ctl reconfigure' -gitlab_rails['rake_cache_clear'] = false -gitlab_rails['auto_migrate'] = false - -# Configure the gitlab-shell API callback URL. Without this, `git push` will -# fail. This can be your 'front door' GitLab URL or an internal load -# balancer. -# Don't forget to copy `/etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json` from web server to Gitaly server. -gitlab_rails['internal_api_url'] = 'https://gitlab.example.com' - -# Make Gitaly accept connections on all network interfaces. You must use -# firewalls to restrict access to this address/port. -gitaly['listen_addr'] = "0.0.0.0:8075" -gitaly['auth_token'] = 'abc123secret' - -gitaly['storage'] = [ - { 'name' => 'default', 'path' => '/mnt/gitlab/default/repositories' }, - { 'name' => 'storage1', 'path' => '/mnt/gitlab/storage1/repositories' }, -] +We assume also that your `gitaly2.internal` Gitaly server can be reached at +`gitaly2.internal:8075` from your GitLab server, and that Gitaly server +can read and write to `/mnt/gitlab/storage2`. -# To use TLS for Gitaly you need to add -gitaly['tls_listen_addr'] = "0.0.0.0:9999" -gitaly['certificate_path'] = "path/to/cert.pem" -gitaly['key_path'] = "path/to/key.pem" -``` +**For Omnibus GitLab** -Source installations: +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`: -```toml -# /home/git/gitaly/config.toml -listen_addr = '0.0.0.0:8075' -tls_listen_addr = '0.0.0.0:9999' + ```ruby + git_data_dirs({ + 'default' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly1.internal:8075' }, + 'storage1' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly1.internal:8075' }, + 'storage2' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly2.internal:8075' }, + }) -[tls] -certificate_path = /path/to/cert.pem -key_path = /path/to/key.pem + gitlab_rails['gitaly_token'] = 'abc123secret' + ``` -[auth] -token = 'abc123secret' +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). +1. Tail the logs to see the requests: -[[storage]] -name = 'default' -path = '/mnt/gitlab/default/repositories' + ```sh + sudo gitlab-ctl tail gitaly + ``` -[[storage]] -name = 'storage1' -path = '/mnt/gitlab/storage1/repositories' -``` +**For installations from source** -Again, reconfigure (Omnibus) or restart (source). +1. Edit `/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml`: -### Converting clients to use the Gitaly server + ```yaml + gitlab: + repositories: + storages: + default: + gitaly_address: tcp://gitaly1.internal:8075 + path: /some/dummy/path + storage1: + gitaly_address: tcp://gitaly1.internal:8075 + path: /some/dummy/path + storage2: + gitaly_address: tcp://gitaly2.internal:8075 + path: /some/dummy/path -Now as the final step update the client machines to switch from using -their local Gitaly service to the new Gitaly server you just -configured. This is a risky step because if there is any sort of -network, firewall, or name resolution problem preventing your GitLab -server from reaching the Gitaly server then all Gitaly requests will -fail. + gitaly: + token: 'abc123secret' + ``` -Additionally, you need to -[disable Rugged if previously manually enabled](../high_availability/nfs.md#improving-nfs-performance-with-gitlab). + NOTE: **Note:** + `/some/dummy/path` should be set to a local folder that exists, however no + data will be stored in this folder. This will no longer be necessary after + [this issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitaly/issues/1282) is resolved. -We assume that your Gitaly server can be reached at -`gitaly.internal:8075` from your GitLab server, and that Gitaly can read and -write to `/mnt/gitlab/default` and `/mnt/gitlab/storage1` respectively. +1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source). +1. Tail the logs to see the requests: -Omnibus installations: + ```sh + tail -f /home/git/gitlab/log/gitaly.log + ``` -```ruby -# /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb -git_data_dirs({ - 'default' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly.internal:8075' }, - 'storage1' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tcp://gitaly.internal:8075' }, -}) +When you tail the Gitaly logs on your Gitaly server you should see requests +coming in. One sure way to trigger a Gitaly request is to clone a repository +from your GitLab server over HTTP. -gitlab_rails['gitaly_token'] = 'abc123secret' -``` +### Disabling the Gitaly service in a cluster environment -Source installations: - -```yaml -# /home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml -gitlab: - repositories: - storages: - default: - path: /mnt/gitlab/default/repositories - gitaly_address: tcp://gitaly.internal:8075 - storage1: - path: /mnt/gitlab/storage1/repositories - gitaly_address: tcp://gitaly.internal:8075 - - gitaly: - token: 'abc123secret' -``` +If you are running Gitaly [as a remote +service](#running-gitaly-on-its-own-server) you may want to disable +the local Gitaly service that runs on your GitLab server by default. +Disabling Gitaly only makes sense when you run GitLab in a custom +cluster configuration, where different services run on different +machines. Disabling Gitaly on all machines in the cluster is not a +valid configuration. + +To disable Gitaly on a client node: + +**For Omnibus GitLab** + +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`: + + ```ruby + gitaly['enable'] = false + ``` + +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). + +**For installations from source** + +1. Edit `/etc/default/gitlab`: -Now reconfigure (Omnibus) or restart (source). When you tail the -Gitaly logs on your Gitaly server (`sudo gitlab-ctl tail gitaly` or -`tail -f /home/git/gitlab/log/gitaly.log`) you should see requests -coming in. One sure way to trigger a Gitaly request is to clone a -repository from your GitLab server over HTTP. + ```shell + gitaly_enabled=false + ``` + +1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source). ## TLS support @@ -271,188 +368,209 @@ Gitaly supports TLS encryption. To be able to communicate with a Gitaly instance that listens for secure connections you will need to use `tls://` url scheme in the `gitaly_address` of the corresponding storage entry in the GitLab configuration. -The admin needs to bring their own certificate as we do not provide that automatically. -The certificate to be used needs to be installed on all Gitaly nodes and on all client nodes that communicate with it following procedures described in [GitLab custom certificate configuration](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/ssl.html#install-custom-public-certificates). +You will need to bring your own certificates as this isn't provided automatically. +The certificate to be used needs to be installed on all Gitaly nodes and on all +client nodes that communicate with it following the procedure described in +[GitLab custom certificate configuration](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/ssl.html#install-custom-public-certificates). -Note that it is possible to configure Gitaly servers with both an +NOTE: **Note:** +It is possible to configure Gitaly servers with both an unencrypted listening address `listen_addr` and an encrypted listening address `tls_listen_addr` at the same time. This allows you to do a gradual transition from unencrypted to encrypted traffic, if necessary. -To observe what type of connections are actually being used in a -production environment you can use the following Prometheus query: +To configure Gitaly with TLS: -``` -sum(rate(gitaly_connections_total[5m])) by (type) -``` +**For Omnibus GitLab** -### Example TLS configuration +1. On the client nodes, edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`: -### Omnibus installations: + ```ruby + git_data_dirs({ + 'default' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tls://gitaly1.internal:9999' }, + 'storage1' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tls://gitaly1.internal:9999' }, + 'storage2' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tls://gitaly2.internal:9999' }, + }) -#### On client nodes: + gitlab_rails['gitaly_token'] = 'abc123secret' + ``` -```ruby -# /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb -git_data_dirs({ - 'default' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tls://gitaly.internal:9999' }, - 'storage1' => { 'gitaly_address' => 'tls://gitaly.internal:9999' }, -}) +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). +1. On the Gitaly server nodes, edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`: -gitlab_rails['gitaly_token'] = 'abc123secret' -``` + ```ruby + gitaly['tls_listen_addr'] = "0.0.0.0:9999" + gitaly['certificate_path'] = "path/to/cert.pem" + gitaly['key_path'] = "path/to/key.pem" + ``` -#### On Gitaly server nodes: +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). -```ruby -gitaly['tls_listen_addr'] = "0.0.0.0:9999" -gitaly['certificate_path'] = "path/to/cert.pem" -gitaly['key_path'] = "path/to/key.pem" -``` +**For installations from source** -### Source installations: +1. On the client nodes, edit `/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml`: -#### On client nodes: + ```yaml + gitlab: + repositories: + storages: + default: + gitaly_address: tls://gitaly1.internal:9999 + path: /some/dummy/path + storage1: + gitaly_address: tls://gitaly1.internal:9999 + path: /some/dummy/path + storage2: + gitaly_address: tls://gitaly2.internal:9999 + path: /some/dummy/path -```yaml -# /home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml -gitlab: - repositories: - storages: - default: - path: /mnt/gitlab/default/repositories - gitaly_address: tls://gitaly.internal:9999 - storage1: - path: /mnt/gitlab/storage1/repositories - gitaly_address: tls://gitaly.internal:9999 + gitaly: + token: 'abc123secret' + ``` - gitaly: - token: 'abc123secret' -``` + NOTE: **Note:** + `/some/dummy/path` should be set to a local folder that exists, however no + data will be stored in this folder. This will no longer be necessary after + [this issue](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitaly/issues/1282) is resolved. + +1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source). +1. On the Gitaly server nodes, edit `/home/git/gitaly/config.toml`: + + ```toml + tls_listen_addr = '0.0.0.0:9999' + + [tls] + certificate_path = '/path/to/cert.pem' + key_path = '/path/to/key.pem' + ``` -#### On Gitaly server nodes: +1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source). -```toml -# /home/git/gitaly/config.toml -tls_listen_addr = '0.0.0.0:9999' +To observe what type of connections are actually being used in a +production environment you can use the following Prometheus query: -[tls] -certificate_path = '/path/to/cert.pem' -key_path = '/path/to/key.pem' +``` +sum(rate(gitaly_connections_total[5m])) by (type) ``` -## Gitaly-ruby +## `gitaly-ruby` -Gitaly was developed to replace Ruby application code in gitlab-ce/ee. +Gitaly was developed to replace the Ruby application code in GitLab. In order to save time and/or avoid the risk of rewriting existing application logic, in some cases we chose to copy some application code -from gitlab-ce into Gitaly almost as-is. To be able to run that code, we -made gitaly-ruby, which is a sidecar process for the main Gitaly Go -process. Some examples of things that are implemented in gitaly-ruby are -RPC's that deal with wiki's, and RPC's that create commits on behalf of +from GitLab into Gitaly almost as-is. To be able to run that code, +`gitaly-ruby` was created, which is a "sidecar" process for the main Gitaly Go +process. Some examples of things that are implemented in `gitaly-ruby` are +RPCs that deal with wikis, and RPCs that create commits on behalf of a user, such as merge commits. -### Number of gitaly-ruby workers +### Number of `gitaly-ruby` workers -Gitaly-ruby has much less capacity than Gitaly itself. If your Gitaly -server has to handle a lot of request, the default setting of having -just 1 active gitaly-ruby sidecar might not be enough. If you see -ResourceExhausted errors from Gitaly it's very likely that you have not -enough gitaly-ruby capacity. +`gitaly-ruby` has much less capacity than Gitaly itself. If your Gitaly +server has to handle a lot of requests, the default setting of having +just one active `gitaly-ruby` sidecar might not be enough. If you see +`ResourceExhausted` errors from Gitaly, it's very likely that you have not +enough `gitaly-ruby` capacity. -You can increase the number of gitaly-ruby processes on your Gitaly +You can increase the number of `gitaly-ruby` processes on your Gitaly server with the following settings. -Omnibus: +**For Omnibus GitLab** -```ruby -# /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb -# Default is 2 workers. The minimum is 2; 1 worker is always reserved as -# a passive stand-by. -gitaly['ruby_num_workers'] = 4 -``` +1. Edit `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`: -Source: + ```ruby + # Default is 2 workers. The minimum is 2; 1 worker is always reserved as + # a passive stand-by. + gitaly['ruby_num_workers'] = 4 + ``` -```toml -# /home/git/gitaly/config.toml -[gitaly-ruby] -num_workers = 4 -``` +1. Save the file and [reconfigure GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). -### Observing gitaly-ruby traffic +**For installations from source** -Gitaly-ruby is a somewhat hidden, internal implementation detail of -Gitaly. There is not that much visibility into what goes on inside -gitaly-ruby processes. +1. Edit `/home/git/gitaly/config.toml`: -If you have Prometheus set up to scrape your Gitaly process, you can see -request rates and error codes for individual RPC's in gitaly-ruby by -querying `grpc_client_handled_total`. Strictly speaking this metric does -not differentiate between gitaly-ruby and other RPC's, but in practice -(as of GitLab 11.9), all gRPC calls made by Gitaly itself are internal -calls from the main Gitaly process to one of its gitaly-ruby sidecars. + ```toml + [gitaly-ruby] + num_workers = 4 + ``` -Assuming your `grpc_client_handled_total` counter only observes Gitaly, -the following query shows you RPC's are (most likely) internally -implemented as calls to gitaly-ruby. +1. Save the file and [restart GitLab](../restart_gitlab.md#installations-from-source). -``` -sum(rate(grpc_client_handled_total[5m])) by (grpc_method) > 0 -``` +## Eliminating NFS altogether -## Disabling or enabling the Gitaly service in a cluster environment +If you are planning to use Gitaly without NFS for your storage needs +and want to eliminate NFS from your environment altogether, there are +a few things that you need to do: -If you are running Gitaly [as a remote -service](#running-gitaly-on-its-own-server) you may want to disable -the local Gitaly service that runs on your GitLab server by default. +1. Make sure the [`git` user home directory](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/configuration.html#moving-the-home-directory-for-a-user) is on local disk. +1. Configure [database lookup of SSH keys](../operations/fast_ssh_key_lookup.md) + to eliminate the need for a shared authorized_keys file. +1. Configure [object storage for job artifacts](../job_artifacts.md#using-object-storage) + including [live tracing](../job_traces.md#new-live-trace-architecture). +1. Configure [object storage for LFS objects](../../workflow/lfs/lfs_administration.md#storing-lfs-objects-in-remote-object-storage). +1. Configure [object storage for uploads](../uploads.md#using-object-storage-core-only). + +NOTE: **Note:** +One current feature of GitLab that still requires a shared directory (NFS) is +[GitLab Pages](../../user/project/pages/index.md). +There is [work in progress](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-pages/issues/196) +to eliminate the need for NFS to support GitLab Pages. -> 'Disabling Gitaly' only makes sense when you run GitLab in a custom -cluster configuration, where different services run on different -machines. Disabling Gitaly on all machines in the cluster is not a -valid configuration. +## Limiting RPC concurrency -If you are setting up a GitLab cluster where Gitaly does not need to -run on all machines, you can disable the Gitaly service in your -Omnibus installation, add the following line to `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb`: +It can happen that CI clone traffic puts a large strain on your Gitaly +service. The bulk of the work gets done in the SSHUploadPack (for Git +SSH) and PostUploadPack (for Git HTTP) RPC's. To prevent such workloads +from overcrowding your Gitaly server you can set concurrency limits in +Gitaly's configuration file. ```ruby -gitaly['enable'] = false +# in /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb + +gitaly['concurrency'] = [ + { + 'rpc' => "/gitaly.SmartHTTPService/PostUploadPack", + 'max_per_repo' => 20 + }, + { + 'rpc' => "/gitaly.SSHService/SSHUploadPack", + 'max_per_repo' => 20 + } +] ``` +This will limit the number of in-flight RPC calls for the given RPC's. +The limit is applied per repository. In the example above, each on the +Gitaly server can have at most 20 simultaneous PostUploadPack calls in +flight, and the same for SSHUploadPack. If another request comes in for +a repository that hase used up its 20 slots, that request will get +queued. -When you run `gitlab-ctl reconfigure` the Gitaly service will be -disabled. - -To disable the Gitaly service in a GitLab cluster where you installed -GitLab from source, add the following to `/etc/default/gitlab` on the -machine where you want to disable Gitaly. - -```shell -gitaly_enabled=false -``` +You can observe the behavior of this queue via the Gitaly logs and via +Prometheus. In the Gitaly logs, you can look for the string (or +structured log field) `acquire_ms`. Messages that have this field are +reporting about the concurrency limiter. In Prometheus, look for the +`gitaly_rate_limiting_in_progress`, `gitaly_rate_limiting_queued` and +`gitaly_rate_limiting_seconds` metrics. -When you run `service gitlab restart` Gitaly will be disabled on this -particular machine. +The name of the Prometheus metric is not quite right because this is a +concurrency limiter, not a rate limiter. If a client makes 1000 requests +in a row in a very short timespan, the concurrency will not exceed 1, +and this mechanism (the concurrency limiter) will do nothing. -## Eliminating NFS altogether +## Troubleshooting Gitaly -If you are planning to use Gitaly without NFS for your storage needs -and want to eliminate NFS from your environment altogether, there are -a few things that you need to do: +### Commits, pushes, and clones return a 401 - 1. Make sure the [`git` user home directory](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/configuration.html#moving-the-home-directory-for-a-user) is on local disk. - 1. Configure [database lookup of SSH keys](../operations/fast_ssh_key_lookup.md) - to eliminate the need for a shared authorized_keys file. - 1. Configure [object storage for job artifacts](../job_artifacts.md#using-object-storage) - including [live tracing](../job_traces.md#new-live-trace-architecture). - 1. Configure [object storage for LFS objects](../../workflow/lfs/lfs_administration.md#storing-lfs-objects-in-remote-object-storage). - 1. Configure [object storage for uploads](../uploads.md#using-object-storage-core-only). +``` +remote: GitLab: 401 Unauthorized +``` -NOTE: **Note:** One current feature of GitLab still requires a shared directory (NFS): [GitLab Pages](../../user/project/pages/index.md). -There is [work in progress](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-pages/issues/196) -to eliminate the need for NFS to support GitLab Pages. +You will need to sync your `gitlab-secrets.json` file with your GitLab +app nodes. -## Troubleshooting Gitaly in production +### `gitaly-debug` Since GitLab 11.6, Gitaly comes with a command-line tool called `gitaly-debug` that can be run on a Gitaly server to aid in @@ -462,3 +580,153 @@ Git clone speed for a specific repository on the server. For an up to date list of sub-commands see [the gitaly-debug README](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitaly/blob/master/cmd/gitaly-debug/README.md). + +### Client side GRPC logs + +Gitaly uses the [gRPC](https://grpc.io/) RPC framework. The Ruby gRPC +client has its own log file which may contain useful information when +you are seeing Gitaly errors. You can control the log level of the +gRPC client with the `GRPC_LOG_LEVEL` environment variable. The +default level is `WARN`. + +### Observing `gitaly-ruby` traffic + +[`gitaly-ruby`](#gitaly-ruby) is an internal implementation detail of Gitaly, +so, there's not that much visibility into what goes on inside +`gitaly-ruby` processes. + +If you have Prometheus set up to scrape your Gitaly process, you can see +request rates and error codes for individual RPCs in `gitaly-ruby` by +querying `grpc_client_handled_total`. Strictly speaking, this metric does +not differentiate between `gitaly-ruby` and other RPCs, but in practice +(as of GitLab 11.9), all gRPC calls made by Gitaly itself are internal +calls from the main Gitaly process to one of its `gitaly-ruby` sidecars. + +Assuming your `grpc_client_handled_total` counter only observes Gitaly, +the following query shows you RPCs are (most likely) internally +implemented as calls to `gitaly-ruby`: + +``` +sum(rate(grpc_client_handled_total[5m])) by (grpc_method) > 0 +``` + +### Repository changes fail with a `401 Unauthorized` error + +If you're running Gitaly on its own server and notice that users can +successfully clone and fetch repositories (via both SSH and HTTPS), but can't +push to them or make changes to the repository in the web UI without getting a +`401 Unauthorized` message, then it's possible Gitaly is failing to authenticate +with the other nodes due to having the [wrong secrets file](#3-gitaly-server-configuration). + +Confirm the following are all true: + +- When any user performs a `git push` to any repository on this Gitaly node, it + fails with the following error (note the `401 Unauthorized`): + + ```sh + remote: GitLab: 401 Unauthorized + To <REMOTE_URL> + ! [remote rejected] branch-name -> branch-name (pre-receive hook declined) + error: failed to push some refs to '<REMOTE_URL>' + ``` + +- When any user adds or modifies a file from the repository using the GitLab + UI, it immediatley fails with a red `401 Unauthorized` banner. +- Creating a new project and [initializing it with a README](../../gitlab-basics/create-project.md#blank-projects) + successfully creates the project but doesn't create the README. +- When [tailing the logs](https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/logs.md#tail-logs-in-a-console-on-the-server) on an app node and reproducing the error, you get `401` errors + when reaching the `/api/v4/internal/allowed` endpoint: + + ```sh + # api_json.log + { + "time": "2019-07-18T00:30:14.967Z", + "severity": "INFO", + "duration": 0.57, + "db": 0, + "view": 0.57, + "status": 401, + "method": "POST", + "path": "\/api\/v4\/internal\/allowed", + "params": [ + { + "key": "action", + "value": "git-receive-pack" + }, + { + "key": "changes", + "value": "REDACTED" + }, + { + "key": "gl_repository", + "value": "REDACTED" + }, + { + "key": "project", + "value": "\/path\/to\/project.git" + }, + { + "key": "protocol", + "value": "web" + }, + { + "key": "env", + "value": "{\"GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES\":[],\"GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES_RELATIVE\":[],\"GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY\":null,\"GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY_RELATIVE\":null}" + }, + { + "key": "user_id", + "value": "2" + }, + { + "key": "secret_token", + "value": "[FILTERED]" + } + ], + "host": "gitlab.example.com", + "ip": "REDACTED", + "ua": "Ruby", + "route": "\/api\/:version\/internal\/allowed", + "queue_duration": 4.24, + "gitaly_calls": 0, + "gitaly_duration": 0, + "correlation_id": "XPUZqTukaP3" + } + + # nginx_access.log + [IP] - - [18/Jul/2019:00:30:14 +0000] "POST /api/v4/internal/allowed HTTP/1.1" 401 30 "" "Ruby" + ``` + +To fix this problem, confirm that your [`gitlab-secrets.json` file](#3-gitaly-server-configuration) +on the Gitaly node matches the one on all other nodes. If it doesn't match, +update the secrets file on the Gitaly node to match the others, then +[reconfigure the node](../restart_gitlab.md#omnibus-gitlab-reconfigure). + +### Command line tools cannot connect to Gitaly + +If you are having trouble connecting to a Gitaly node with command line (CLI) tools, and certain actions result in a `14: Connect Failed` error message, it means that gRPC cannot reach your Gitaly node. + +Verify that you can reach Gitaly via TCP: + +```bash +sudo gitlab-rake gitlab:tcp_check[GITALY_SERVER_IP,GITALY_LISTEN_PORT] +``` + +If the TCP connection fails, check your network settings and your firewall rules. If the TCP connection succeeds, your networking and firewall rules are correct. + +If you use proxy servers in your command line environment, such as Bash, these can interfere with your gRPC traffic. + +If you use Bash or a compatible command line environment, run the following commands to determine whether you have proxy servers configured: + +```bash +echo $http_proxy +echo $https_proxy +``` + +If either of these variables have a value, your Gitaly CLI connections may be getting routed through a proxy which cannot connect to Gitaly. + +To remove the proxy setting, run the following commands (depending on which variables had values): + +```bash +unset http_proxy +unset https_proxy +```
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