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@node environ
@section @code{environ}
@findex environ
POSIX specification:@* @url{https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/environ.html}
Gnulib module: environ
Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
@itemize
@item
POSIX does not require this variable to be declared, and it is indeed not
declared on some platforms:
macOS 11.1, FreeBSD 13.0, NetBSD 5.0, OpenBSD 3.8, IRIX 6.5, Solaris 11.4.
@item
On macOS, this variable is not declared. Up to Mac OS X 10.4, one can use
@smallexample
extern char **environ;
@end smallexample
to get the variable declared. This does not work any more, however, in
shared libraries on macOS 11.1. Here is a workaround: Instead, one can use
@smallexample
#include <crt_externs.h>
#define environ (*_NSGetEnviron())
@end smallexample
This works at all versions of macOS.
@item
On Cygwin in 64-bit mode, references to this variable cause a link error when
the option @code{-Wl,--disable-auto-import} is in use.
@end itemize
Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
@itemize
@item
The address of this variable is not a compile-time constant on some platforms:
mingw.
@item
Assigning NULL to @code{environ} to clear all variables is not
portable; better is to assign @code{environ} to one-element array
containing a NULL pointer. That said, an empty environment is not
portable either, as some systems may require particular environment
variables (such as @code{PATH}) to be present in order to operate
consistently.
@end itemize
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