MDEV-20477 Merge binlog extended metadata support from the upstream

Cherry-pick the commits the mysql and some changes.
WL#4618 RBR: extended table metadata in the binary log

This patch extends Table Map Event. It appends some new fields for
more metadata. The new metadata includes:
- Signedness of Numberic Columns
- Character Set of Character Columns and Binary Columns
- Column Name
- String Value of SET Columns
- String Value of ENUM Columns
- Primary Key
- Character Set of SET Columns and ENUM Columns
- Geometry Type

Some of them are optional, the patch introduces a GLOBAL system
variable to control it. It is binlog_row_metadata.
- Scope:   GLOBAL
- Dynamic: Yes
- Type:    ENUM
- Values:  {NO_LOG, MINIMAL, FULL}
- Default: NO_LOG
  Only Signedness, character set and geometry type are logged if it is MINIMAL.
  Otherwise all of them are logged.

Also add a binlog_type_info() to field, So that we can have extract
relevant binlog info from field.

1 files changed, 34 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/mysql-test/suite/binlog/include/print_optional_metadata.inc b/mysql-test/suite/binlog/include/print_optional_metadata.inc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..739903ab190
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mysql-test/suite/binlog/include/print_optional_metadata.inc
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# Auxaliary file for printing optional metadata in table_map_log_event
+# Usage :
+# --let $binlog_file=
+# [--let $stop_position]
+# [--let $print_primary_key]
+# --source extra/binlog_tests/print_optional_metadata.inc
+
+--let $output_file= $MYSQLTEST_VARDIR/tmp/mysqlbinlog.output
+
+--let $_stop_position_opt=
+if ($stop_position)
+{
+  --let $_stop_position_opt=--stop-position=$stop_position
+}
+
+--exec $MYSQL_BINLOG -F --print-table-metadata $_stop_position_opt $binlog_file > $output_file
+
+
+--let SEARCH_PATTERN= # (?:Columns\(| {8}).*
+--let SEARCH_FILE= $output_file
+--let SEARCH_OUTPUT=matches
+--let SEARCH_TYPE="_gm_"
+--source include/search_pattern_in_file.inc
+
+if ($print_primary_key)
+{
+  --let SEARCH_PATTERN= # Primary Key
+  --source include/search_pattern_in_file.inc
+}
+--remove_file $output_file
+--let $stop_position=
+--let $_stop_position_opt=
+
+