1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
|
set global innodb_file_per_table=on;
set global innodb_file_format='Barracuda';
SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS;
create table t1(a varchar(2) primary key) engine=innodb;
insert into t1 values('');
create index t1a1 on t1(a(1));
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
drop table t1;
create table t1(a int not null, b int, c char(10) not null, d varchar(20)) engine = innodb;
insert into t1 values (5,5,'oo','oo'),(4,4,'tr','tr'),(3,4,'ad','ad'),(2,3,'ak','ak');
commit;
alter table t1 add index b (b), add index b (b);
ERROR 42000: Duplicate key name 'b'
alter table t1 add index (b,b);
ERROR 42S21: Duplicate column name 'b'
alter table t1 add index d2 (d);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) NOT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
KEY `d2` (`d`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
analyze table t1;
explain select * from t1 force index(d2) order by d;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL d2 23 NULL 4
select * from t1 force index (d2) order by d;
a b c d
3 4 ad ad
2 3 ak ak
5 5 oo oo
4 4 tr tr
alter table t1 add unique index (b);
ERROR 23000: Duplicate entry '4' for key 'b'
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) NOT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
KEY `d2` (`d`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
alter table t1 add index (b);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) NOT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
KEY `d2` (`d`),
KEY `b` (`b`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
alter table t1 add unique index (c), add index (d);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 1
Warnings:
Note 1831 Duplicate index `d`. This is deprecated and will be disallowed in a future release.
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) NOT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
UNIQUE KEY `c` (`c`),
KEY `d2` (`d`),
KEY `b` (`b`),
KEY `d` (`d`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
analyze table t1;
Table Op Msg_type Msg_text
test.t1 analyze status OK
explain select * from t1 force index(c) order by c;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL c 10 NULL 4
alter table t1 add primary key (a), drop index c;
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) NOT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
KEY `d2` (`d`),
KEY `b` (`b`),
KEY `d` (`d`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
affected rows: 1
alter table t1 add primary key (c);
ERROR 42000: Multiple primary key defined
alter table t1 drop primary key, add primary key (b);
ERROR 23000: Duplicate entry '4' for key 'PRIMARY'
create unique index c on t1 (c);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) NOT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
UNIQUE KEY `c` (`c`),
KEY `d2` (`d`),
KEY `b` (`b`),
KEY `d` (`d`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
analyze table t1;
Table Op Msg_type Msg_text
test.t1 analyze status OK
explain select * from t1 force index(c) order by c;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL c 10 NULL 4
select * from t1 force index(c) order by c;
a b c d
3 4 ad ad
2 3 ak ak
5 5 oo oo
4 4 tr tr
alter table t1 drop index b, add index (b);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) NOT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
UNIQUE KEY `c` (`c`),
KEY `d2` (`d`),
KEY `b` (`b`),
KEY `d` (`d`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
insert into t1 values(6,1,'ggg','ggg');
select * from t1;
a b c d
2 3 ak ak
3 4 ad ad
4 4 tr tr
5 5 oo oo
6 1 ggg ggg
select * from t1 force index(b) order by b;
a b c d
6 1 ggg ggg
2 3 ak ak
3 4 ad ad
4 4 tr tr
5 5 oo oo
select * from t1 force index(c) order by c;
a b c d
3 4 ad ad
2 3 ak ak
6 1 ggg ggg
5 5 oo oo
4 4 tr tr
select * from t1 force index(d) order by d;
a b c d
3 4 ad ad
2 3 ak ak
6 1 ggg ggg
5 5 oo oo
4 4 tr tr
analyze table t1;
explain select * from t1 force index(b) order by b;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL b 5 NULL 5
explain select * from t1 force index(c) order by c;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL c 10 NULL 5
explain select * from t1 force index(d) order by d;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL d 23 NULL 5
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) NOT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
UNIQUE KEY `c` (`c`),
KEY `d2` (`d`),
KEY `b` (`b`),
KEY `d` (`d`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
drop table t1;
create table t1(a int not null, b int, c char(10), d varchar(20), primary key (a)) engine = innodb;
insert into t1 values (1,1,'ab','ab'),(2,2,'ac','ac'),(3,3,'ad','ad'),(4,4,'afe','afe');
commit;
alter table t1 add index (c(2));
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
KEY `c` (`c`(2))
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
affected rows: 1
alter table t1 add unique index (d(10));
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
UNIQUE KEY `d` (`d`(10)),
KEY `c` (`c`(2))
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
affected rows: 1
insert into t1 values(5,1,'ggg','ggg');
analyze table t1;
select * from t1;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 3 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
5 1 ggg ggg
select * from t1 force index(c) order by c;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 3 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
5 1 ggg ggg
select * from t1 force index(d) order by d;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 3 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
5 1 ggg ggg
explain select * from t1 order by b;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 ALL NULL NULL NULL NULL 5 Using filesort
explain select * from t1 force index(c) order by c;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 ALL NULL NULL NULL NULL 5 Using filesort
explain select * from t1 force index(d) order by d;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 ALL NULL NULL NULL NULL 5 Using filesort
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
UNIQUE KEY `d` (`d`(10)),
KEY `c` (`c`(2))
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
alter table t1 drop index d;
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
insert into t1 values(8,9,'fff','fff');
select * from t1;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 3 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
5 1 ggg ggg
8 9 fff fff
select * from t1 force index(c) order by c;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 3 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
8 9 fff fff
5 1 ggg ggg
analyze table t1;
explain select * from t1 order by b;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 ALL NULL NULL NULL NULL 6 Using filesort
explain select * from t1 force index(c) order by c;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 ALL NULL NULL NULL NULL 6 Using filesort
explain select * from t1 order by d;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 ALL NULL NULL NULL NULL 6 Using filesort
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
KEY `c` (`c`(2))
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
drop table t1;
create table t1(a int not null, b int, c char(10), d varchar(20), primary key (a)) engine = innodb;
insert into t1 values (1,1,'ab','ab'),(2,2,'ac','ac'),(3,2,'ad','ad'),(4,4,'afe','afe');
commit;
alter table t1 add unique index (b,c);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
insert into t1 values(8,9,'fff','fff');
select * from t1;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 2 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
8 9 fff fff
select * from t1 force index(b) order by b;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 2 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
8 9 fff fff
analyze table t1;
explain select * from t1 force index(b) order by b;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL b 16 NULL 5
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
UNIQUE KEY `b` (`b`,`c`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
alter table t1 add index (b,c);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
insert into t1 values(11,11,'kkk','kkk');
select * from t1;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 2 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
8 9 fff fff
11 11 kkk kkk
select * from t1 force index(b) order by b;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 2 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
8 9 fff fff
11 11 kkk kkk
analyze table t1;
explain select * from t1 force index(b) order by b;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL b 16 NULL 6
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
UNIQUE KEY `b` (`b`,`c`),
KEY `b_2` (`b`,`c`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
alter table t1 add unique index (c,d);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
insert into t1 values(13,13,'yyy','aaa');
select * from t1;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 2 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
8 9 fff fff
11 11 kkk kkk
13 13 yyy aaa
select * from t1 force index(b) order by b;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 2 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
8 9 fff fff
11 11 kkk kkk
13 13 yyy aaa
select * from t1 force index(c) order by c;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 2 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
8 9 fff fff
11 11 kkk kkk
13 13 yyy aaa
analyze table t1;
explain select * from t1 force index(b) order by b;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL b 16 NULL 7
explain select * from t1 force index(c) order by c;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL c 34 NULL 7
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
UNIQUE KEY `b` (`b`,`c`),
UNIQUE KEY `c` (`c`,`d`),
KEY `b_2` (`b`,`c`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
drop table t1;
create table t1(a int not null, b int not null, c int, primary key (a), key (b)) engine = innodb;
create table t3(a int not null, c int not null, d int, primary key (a), key (c)) engine = innodb;
create table t4(a int not null, d int not null, e int, primary key (a), key (d)) engine = innodb;
create table t2(a int not null, b int, c int, d int, e int,
foreign key (b) references t1(b) on delete set null,
foreign key (c) references t3(c), foreign key (d) references t4(d) on update set null)
engine = innodb;
alter table t1 drop index b;
ERROR HY000: Cannot drop index 'b': needed in a foreign key constraint
alter table t3 drop index c;
ERROR HY000: Cannot drop index 'c': needed in a foreign key constraint
alter table t4 drop index d;
ERROR HY000: Cannot drop index 'd': needed in a foreign key constraint
alter table t2 drop index b;
ERROR HY000: Cannot drop index 'b': needed in a foreign key constraint
alter table t2 drop index b, drop index c, drop index d;
ERROR HY000: Cannot drop index 'b': needed in a foreign key constraint
alter table t2 MODIFY b INT NOT NULL, ALGORITHM=COPY;
ERROR HY000: Cannot change column 'b': used in a foreign key constraint 't2_ibfk_1'
set @old_sql_mode = @@sql_mode;
set @@sql_mode = 'STRICT_TRANS_TABLES';
alter table t2 MODIFY b INT NOT NULL, ALGORITHM=INPLACE;
ERROR HY000: Column 'b' cannot be NOT NULL: needed in a foreign key constraint 'test/t2_ibfk_1' SET NULL
set @@sql_mode = @old_sql_mode;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
alter table t2 DROP COLUMN b, ALGORITHM=COPY;
ERROR HY000: Cannot drop column 'b': needed in a foreign key constraint 't2_ibfk_1'
alter table t2 DROP COLUMN b;
ERROR HY000: Cannot drop column 'b': needed in a foreign key constraint 'test/t2_ibfk_1'
alter table t1 DROP COLUMN b, ALGORITHM=COPY;
ERROR HY000: Cannot drop column 'b': needed in a foreign key constraint 't2_ibfk_1' of table 'test.t2'
alter table t1 DROP COLUMN b;
ERROR HY000: Cannot drop column 'b': needed in a foreign key constraint 'test/t2_ibfk_1' of table '"test"."t2"'
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS;
create unique index dc on t2 (d,c);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
create index dc on t1 (b,c);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
set @@sql_mode = 'STRICT_TRANS_TABLES';
alter table t2 add primary key (alpha), change a alpha int,
change b beta int not null, change c charlie int not null;
ERROR HY000: Column 'b' cannot be NOT NULL: needed in a foreign key constraint 'test/t2_ibfk_1' SET NULL
alter table t2 add primary key (alpha), change a alpha int,
change c charlie int not null, change d delta int not null;
ERROR HY000: Column 'd' cannot be NOT NULL: needed in a foreign key constraint 'test/t2_ibfk_3' SET NULL
alter table t2 add primary key (alpha), change a alpha int,
change b beta int, modify c int not null;
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
set @@sql_mode = @old_sql_mode;
insert into t1 values (1,1,1);
insert into t3 values (1,1,1);
insert into t4 values (1,1,1);
insert into t2 values (1,1,1,1,1);
commit;
alter table t4 add constraint dc foreign key (a) references t1(a);
affected rows: 1
info: Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
show create table t4;
Table Create Table
t4 CREATE TABLE `t4` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`d` int(11) NOT NULL,
`e` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
KEY `d` (`d`),
CONSTRAINT `dc` FOREIGN KEY (`a`) REFERENCES `t1` (`a`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
alter table t3 add constraint dc foreign key (a) references t1(a);
ERROR HY000: Can't create table `test`.`#sql-temporary` (errno: 121 "Duplicate key on write or update")
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
alter table t3 add constraint dc foreign key (a) references t1(a);
ERROR HY000: Failed to add the foreign key constraint 'test/dc' to system tables
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS;
show create table t3;
Table Create Table
t3 CREATE TABLE `t3` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`c` int(11) NOT NULL,
`d` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
KEY `c` (`c`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
alter table t2 drop index b, add index (beta);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
show create table t2;
Table Create Table
t2 CREATE TABLE `t2` (
`alpha` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`beta` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` int(11) NOT NULL,
`d` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`e` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`alpha`),
UNIQUE KEY `dc` (`d`,`c`),
KEY `c` (`c`),
KEY `beta` (`beta`),
CONSTRAINT `t2_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`beta`) REFERENCES `t1` (`b`) ON DELETE SET NULL,
CONSTRAINT `t2_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`c`) REFERENCES `t3` (`c`),
CONSTRAINT `t2_ibfk_3` FOREIGN KEY (`d`) REFERENCES `t4` (`d`) ON UPDATE SET NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
delete from t1;
ERROR 23000: Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails (`test`.`t4`, CONSTRAINT `dc` FOREIGN KEY (`a`) REFERENCES `t1` (`a`))
drop index dc on t4;
ERROR 42000: Can't DROP 'dc'; check that column/key exists
alter table t3 drop foreign key dc;
ERROR 42000: Can't DROP 'dc'; check that column/key exists
alter table t4 drop foreign key dc;
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
select * from t2;
alpha beta c d e
1 1 1 1 1
delete from t1;
select * from t2;
alpha beta c d e
1 NULL 1 1 1
drop table t2,t4,t3,t1;
create table t1(a int not null, b int, c char(10), d varchar(20), primary key (a)) engine = innodb default charset=utf8;
insert into t1 values (1,1,'ab','ab'),(2,2,'ac','ac'),(3,2,'ad','ad'),(4,4,'afe','afe');
commit;
alter table t1 add unique index (b);
ERROR 23000: Duplicate entry '2' for key 'b'
insert into t1 values(8,9,'fff','fff');
select * from t1;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 2 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
8 9 fff fff
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
alter table t1 add index (b);
insert into t1 values(10,10,'kkk','iii');
select * from t1;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 2 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
8 9 fff fff
10 10 kkk iii
select * from t1 force index(b) order by b;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 2 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
8 9 fff fff
10 10 kkk iii
explain select * from t1 force index(b) order by b;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL b 5 NULL 6
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
KEY `b` (`b`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
alter table t1 add unique index (c), add index (d);
insert into t1 values(11,11,'aaa','mmm');
select * from t1;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 2 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
8 9 fff fff
10 10 kkk iii
11 11 aaa mmm
select * from t1 force index(b) order by b;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 2 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
8 9 fff fff
10 10 kkk iii
11 11 aaa mmm
select * from t1 force index(c) order by c;
a b c d
11 11 aaa mmm
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 2 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
8 9 fff fff
10 10 kkk iii
select * from t1 force index(d) order by d;
a b c d
1 1 ab ab
2 2 ac ac
3 2 ad ad
4 4 afe afe
8 9 fff fff
10 10 kkk iii
11 11 aaa mmm
explain select * from t1 force index(b) order by b;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL b 5 NULL 7
explain select * from t1 force index(c) order by c;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL c 31 NULL 7
explain select * from t1 force index(d) order by d;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL d 63 NULL 7
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
UNIQUE KEY `c` (`c`),
KEY `b` (`b`),
KEY `d` (`d`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
check table t1;
Table Op Msg_type Msg_text
test.t1 check status OK
drop table t1;
create table t1(a int not null, b int) engine = innodb;
insert into t1 values (1,1),(1,1),(1,1),(1,1);
alter table t1 add unique index (a);
ERROR 23000: Duplicate entry '1' for key 'a'
alter table t1 add unique index (b);
ERROR 23000: Duplicate entry '1' for key 'b'
alter table t1 add unique index (a), add unique index(b);
ERROR 23000: Duplicate entry '1' for key 'a'
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
drop table t1;
create table t1(a int not null, c int not null,b int, primary key(a), unique key(c), key(b)) engine = innodb;
alter table t1 drop index c, drop index b;
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`c` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
drop table t1;
create table t1(a int not null, b int, primary key(a)) engine = innodb;
alter table t1 add index (b);
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
KEY `b` (`b`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
drop table t1;
create table t1(a int not null, b int, c char(10), d varchar(20), primary key (a)) engine = innodb;
insert into t1 values (1,1,'ab','ab'),(2,2,'ac','ac'),(3,3,'ac','ac'),(4,4,'afe','afe'),(5,4,'affe','affe');
alter table t1 add unique index (b), add unique index (c), add unique index (d);
ERROR 23000: Duplicate entry '4' for key 'b'
alter table t1 add unique index (c), add unique index (b), add index (d);
ERROR 23000: Duplicate entry 'ac' for key 'c'
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`c` char(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`d` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
drop table t1;
create table t1(a int not null, b int not null, c int, primary key (a), key(c)) engine=innodb;
insert into t1 values (5,1,5),(4,2,4),(3,3,3),(2,4,2),(1,5,1);
alter table t1 add unique index (b);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
insert into t1 values (10,20,20),(11,19,19),(12,18,18),(13,17,17);
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) NOT NULL,
`c` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`),
UNIQUE KEY `b` (`b`),
KEY `c` (`c`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
check table t1;
Table Op Msg_type Msg_text
test.t1 check status OK
analyze table t1;
explain select * from t1 force index(c) order by c;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL c 5 NULL 9
explain select * from t1 order by a;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL PRIMARY 4 NULL 9
explain select * from t1 force index(b) order by b;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL b 4 NULL 9
select * from t1 order by a;
a b c
1 5 1
2 4 2
3 3 3
4 2 4
5 1 5
10 20 20
11 19 19
12 18 18
13 17 17
select * from t1 force index(b) order by b;
a b c
5 1 5
4 2 4
3 3 3
2 4 2
1 5 1
13 17 17
12 18 18
11 19 19
10 20 20
select * from t1 force index(c) order by c;
a b c
1 5 1
2 4 2
3 3 3
4 2 4
5 1 5
13 17 17
12 18 18
11 19 19
10 20 20
drop table t1;
create table t1(a int not null, b int not null) engine=innodb;
insert into t1 values (1,1);
alter table t1 add primary key(b);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
insert into t1 values (2,2);
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
`b` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`b`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
check table t1;
Table Op Msg_type Msg_text
test.t1 check status OK
select * from t1;
a b
1 1
2 2
analyze table t1;
Table Op Msg_type Msg_text
test.t1 analyze status OK
explain select * from t1;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 ALL NULL NULL NULL NULL 2
explain select * from t1 order by a;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 ALL NULL NULL NULL NULL 2 Using filesort
explain select * from t1 order by b;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL PRIMARY 4 NULL 2
checksum table t1;
Table Checksum
test.t1 582702641
drop table t1;
create table t1(a int not null) engine=innodb;
insert into t1 values (1);
alter table t1 add primary key(a);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
insert into t1 values (2);
show create table t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
check table t1;
Table Op Msg_type Msg_text
test.t1 check status OK
commit;
select * from t1;
a
1
2
analyze table t1;
Table Op Msg_type Msg_text
test.t1 analyze status OK
explain select * from t1;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL PRIMARY 4 NULL 2 Using index
explain select * from t1 order by a;
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE t1 index NULL PRIMARY 4 NULL 2 Using index
drop table t1;
set global innodb_file_per_table=1;
set global innodb_file_format=Antelope;
set global innodb_file_format_max=Antelope;
SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
CREATE TABLE t1(
c1 BIGINT(12) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (c1)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
CREATE TABLE t2(
c1 BIGINT(16) NOT NULL,
c2 BIGINT(12) NOT NULL,
c3 BIGINT(12) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (c1)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
ALTER TABLE t2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_t2_ca
FOREIGN KEY (c3) REFERENCES t1(c1);
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS;
SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS;
SHOW CREATE TABLE t2;
Table Create Table
t2 CREATE TABLE `t2` (
`c1` bigint(16) NOT NULL,
`c2` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
`c3` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`c1`),
KEY `fk_t2_ca` (`c3`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_t2_ca` FOREIGN KEY (`c3`) REFERENCES `t1` (`c1`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
CREATE INDEX i_t2_c3_c2 ON t2(c3, c2);
SHOW CREATE TABLE t2;
Table Create Table
t2 CREATE TABLE `t2` (
`c1` bigint(16) NOT NULL,
`c2` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
`c3` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`c1`),
KEY `i_t2_c3_c2` (`c3`,`c2`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_t2_ca` FOREIGN KEY (`c3`) REFERENCES `t1` (`c1`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS;
SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS;
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(0,0,0);
ERROR 23000: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`test`.`t2`, CONSTRAINT `fk_t2_ca` FOREIGN KEY (`c3`) REFERENCES `t1` (`c1`))
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(0);
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(0,0,0);
DROP TABLE t2;
CREATE TABLE t2(
c1 BIGINT(16) NOT NULL,
c2 BIGINT(12) NOT NULL,
c3 BIGINT(12) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (c1,c2,c3)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
ALTER TABLE t2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_t2_ca
FOREIGN KEY (c3) REFERENCES t1(c1);
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS;
SHOW CREATE TABLE t2;
Table Create Table
t2 CREATE TABLE `t2` (
`c1` bigint(16) NOT NULL,
`c2` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
`c3` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`c1`,`c2`,`c3`),
KEY `fk_t2_ca` (`c3`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_t2_ca` FOREIGN KEY (`c3`) REFERENCES `t1` (`c1`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
CREATE INDEX i_t2_c3_c2 ON t2(c3, c2);
SHOW CREATE TABLE t2;
Table Create Table
t2 CREATE TABLE `t2` (
`c1` bigint(16) NOT NULL,
`c2` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
`c3` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`c1`,`c2`,`c3`),
KEY `i_t2_c3_c2` (`c3`,`c2`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_t2_ca` FOREIGN KEY (`c3`) REFERENCES `t1` (`c1`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(0,0,1);
ERROR 23000: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`test`.`t2`, CONSTRAINT `fk_t2_ca` FOREIGN KEY (`c3`) REFERENCES `t1` (`c1`))
INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(0,0,0);
DELETE FROM t1;
ERROR 23000: Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails (`test`.`t2`, CONSTRAINT `fk_t2_ca` FOREIGN KEY (`c3`) REFERENCES `t1` (`c1`))
DELETE FROM t2;
DROP TABLE t2;
DROP TABLE t1;
CREATE TABLE t1(
c1 BIGINT(12) NOT NULL,
c2 INT(4) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (c2,c1)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
CREATE TABLE t2(
c1 BIGINT(16) NOT NULL,
c2 BIGINT(12) NOT NULL,
c3 BIGINT(12) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (c1)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
ALTER TABLE t2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_t2_ca
FOREIGN KEY (c3,c2) REFERENCES t1(c1,c1), ALGORITHM=COPY;
ERROR HY000: Can't create table `test`.`#sql-temporary` (errno: 150 "Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed")
ALTER TABLE t2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_t2_ca
FOREIGN KEY (c3,c2) REFERENCES t1(c1,c1);
ERROR HY000: Failed to add the foreign key constaint. Missing index for constraint 'fk_t2_ca' in the referenced table 't1'
ALTER TABLE t2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_t2_ca
FOREIGN KEY (c3,c2) REFERENCES t1(c1,c2), ALGORITHM=COPY;
ERROR HY000: Can't create table `test`.`#sql-temporary` (errno: 150 "Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed")
ALTER TABLE t2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_t2_ca
FOREIGN KEY (c3,c2) REFERENCES t1(c1,c2);
ERROR HY000: Failed to add the foreign key constaint. Missing index for constraint 'fk_t2_ca' in the referenced table 't1'
ALTER TABLE t2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_t2_ca
FOREIGN KEY (c3,c2) REFERENCES t1(c2,c1), ALGORITHM=INPLACE;
ERROR HY000: Failed to add the foreign key constraint on table 't2'. Incorrect options in FOREIGN KEY constraint 'test/fk_t2_ca'
ALTER TABLE t2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_t2_ca
FOREIGN KEY (c3,c2) REFERENCES t1(c2,c1), ALGORITHM=COPY;
ERROR HY000: Can't create table `test`.`#sql-temporary` (errno: 150 "Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed")
ALTER TABLE t1 MODIFY COLUMN c2 BIGINT(12) NOT NULL;
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
ALTER TABLE t2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_t2_ca
FOREIGN KEY (c3,c2) REFERENCES t1(c1,c2), ALGORITHM=COPY;
ERROR HY000: Can't create table `test`.`#sql-temporary` (errno: 150 "Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed")
ALTER TABLE t2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_t2_ca
FOREIGN KEY (c3,c2) REFERENCES t1(c1,c2);
ERROR HY000: Failed to add the foreign key constaint. Missing index for constraint 'fk_t2_ca' in the referenced table 't1'
ALTER TABLE t2 ADD CONSTRAINT fk_t2_ca
FOREIGN KEY (c3,c2) REFERENCES t1(c2,c1);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS;
affected rows: 0
SHOW CREATE TABLE t1;
Table Create Table
t1 CREATE TABLE `t1` (
`c1` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
`c2` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`c2`,`c1`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
affected rows: 1
SHOW CREATE TABLE t2;
Table Create Table
t2 CREATE TABLE `t2` (
`c1` bigint(16) NOT NULL,
`c2` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
`c3` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`c1`),
KEY `fk_t2_ca` (`c3`,`c2`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_t2_ca` FOREIGN KEY (`c3`, `c2`) REFERENCES `t1` (`c2`, `c1`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
affected rows: 1
CREATE INDEX i_t2_c2_c1 ON t2(c2, c1);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
SHOW CREATE TABLE t2;
Table Create Table
t2 CREATE TABLE `t2` (
`c1` bigint(16) NOT NULL,
`c2` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
`c3` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`c1`),
KEY `fk_t2_ca` (`c3`,`c2`),
KEY `i_t2_c2_c1` (`c2`,`c1`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_t2_ca` FOREIGN KEY (`c3`, `c2`) REFERENCES `t1` (`c2`, `c1`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
affected rows: 1
CREATE INDEX i_t2_c3_c1_c2 ON t2(c3, c1, c2);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
SHOW CREATE TABLE t2;
Table Create Table
t2 CREATE TABLE `t2` (
`c1` bigint(16) NOT NULL,
`c2` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
`c3` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`c1`),
KEY `fk_t2_ca` (`c3`,`c2`),
KEY `i_t2_c2_c1` (`c2`,`c1`),
KEY `i_t2_c3_c1_c2` (`c3`,`c1`,`c2`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_t2_ca` FOREIGN KEY (`c3`, `c2`) REFERENCES `t1` (`c2`, `c1`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
affected rows: 1
CREATE INDEX i_t2_c3_c2 ON t2(c3, c2);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
SHOW CREATE TABLE t2;
Table Create Table
t2 CREATE TABLE `t2` (
`c1` bigint(16) NOT NULL,
`c2` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
`c3` bigint(12) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`c1`),
KEY `i_t2_c2_c1` (`c2`,`c1`),
KEY `i_t2_c3_c1_c2` (`c3`,`c1`,`c2`),
KEY `i_t2_c3_c2` (`c3`,`c2`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_t2_ca` FOREIGN KEY (`c3`, `c2`) REFERENCES `t1` (`c2`, `c1`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
affected rows: 1
DROP TABLE t2;
DROP TABLE t1;
CREATE TABLE t1 (a INT, b CHAR(1)) ENGINE=InnoDB;
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (3,'a'),(3,'b'),(1,'c'),(0,'d'),(1,'e');
CREATE TABLE t2 (a INT, b CHAR(1)) ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE t2i (a INT, b CHAR(1) NOT NULL) ENGINE=InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE t2c (a INT, b CHAR(1) NOT NULL) ENGINE=InnoDB;
INSERT INTO t2 SELECT * FROM t1;
INSERT INTO t2i SELECT * FROM t1;
INSERT INTO t2c SELECT * FROM t1;
BEGIN;
SELECT * FROM t1;
a b
3 a
3 b
1 c
0 d
1 e
SET lock_wait_timeout=1;
CREATE INDEX t1a ON t1(a);
ERROR HY000: Lock wait timeout exceeded; try restarting transaction
CREATE INDEX t2a ON t2(a);
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
set @old_sql_mode = @@sql_mode;
set @@sql_mode = 'STRICT_TRANS_TABLES';
ALTER TABLE t2i ADD PRIMARY KEY(a,b), ADD INDEX t2a(a), ALGORITHM=INPLACE;
affected rows: 0
info: Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
set @@sql_mode = @old_sql_mode;
ALTER TABLE t2c ADD PRIMARY KEY(a,b), ADD INDEX t2a(a), ALGORITHM=COPY;
affected rows: 5
info: Records: 5 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
SELECT * FROM t2i;
ERROR HY000: Table definition has changed, please retry transaction
SELECT * FROM t2i FORCE INDEX(t2a) ORDER BY a;
ERROR HY000: Table definition has changed, please retry transaction
SELECT * FROM t2c;
ERROR HY000: Table definition has changed, please retry transaction
SELECT * FROM t2c FORCE INDEX(t2a) ORDER BY a;
ERROR HY000: Table definition has changed, please retry transaction
SELECT * FROM t2;
a b
3 a
3 b
1 c
0 d
1 e
SELECT * FROM t2 FORCE INDEX(t2a) ORDER BY a;
ERROR HY000: Table definition has changed, please retry transaction
SELECT * FROM t2;
a b
3 a
3 b
1 c
0 d
1 e
COMMIT;
SELECT * FROM t2;
a b
3 a
3 b
1 c
0 d
1 e
SELECT * FROM t2 FORCE INDEX(t2a) ORDER BY a;
a b
0 d
1 c
1 e
3 a
3 b
SELECT * FROM t2i;
a b
0 d
1 c
1 e
3 a
3 b
SELECT * FROM t2i FORCE INDEX(t2a) ORDER BY a;
a b
0 d
1 c
1 e
3 a
3 b
SELECT * FROM t2c;
a b
0 d
1 c
1 e
3 a
3 b
SELECT * FROM t2c FORCE INDEX(t2a) ORDER BY a;
a b
0 d
1 c
1 e
3 a
3 b
alter table t2 add index t2a(b);
ERROR 42000: Duplicate key name 't2a'
alter table t2 drop index t2a, add index t2a(b);
show create table t2;
Table Create Table
t2 CREATE TABLE `t2` (
`a` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`b` char(1) DEFAULT NULL,
KEY `t2a` (`b`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
show create table t2i;
Table Create Table
t2i CREATE TABLE `t2i` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`b` char(1) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`,`b`),
KEY `t2a` (`a`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
show create table t2c;
Table Create Table
t2c CREATE TABLE `t2c` (
`a` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`b` char(1) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a`,`b`),
KEY `t2a` (`a`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
DROP TABLE t1,t2,t2c,t2i;
|