SERVER-64432 Integrate SBE plan cache for $lookup

73 files changed, 765 insertions, 341 deletions

diff --git a/src/mongo/db/catalog/SConscript b/src/mongo/db/catalog/SConscript
index a02d9350e93..2cae97495a4 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/catalog/SConscript
+++ b/src/mongo/db/catalog/SConscript
@@ -537,6 +537,7 @@ env.Library(
         '$BUILD_DIR/mongo/db/query/query_plan_cache',
         '$BUILD_DIR/mongo/db/query/query_planner',
         '$BUILD_DIR/mongo/db/update_index_data',
+        'collection',
     ],
     LIBDEPS_PRIVATE=[
         '$BUILD_DIR/mongo/base',
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands/index_filter_commands.cpp b/src/mongo/db/commands/index_filter_commands.cpp
index f040bd9eea3..5deb5ecd339 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/commands/index_filter_commands.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands/index_filter_commands.cpp
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ void removePlanCacheEntriesByIndexFilterKeys(const stdx::unordered_set<uint32_t>
                                              sbe::PlanCache* planCache) {
     planCache->removeIf([&](const sbe::PlanCacheKey& key, const sbe::PlanCacheEntry& entry) {
         return indexFilterKeys.contains(entry.indexFilterKey) &&
-            key.getCollectionUuid() == collectionUuid;
+            key.getMainCollectionState().uuid == collectionUuid;
     });
 }
 }  // namespace
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands/plan_cache_commands_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/commands/plan_cache_commands_test.cpp
index 4ef229c36f4..3495ee127d6 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/commands/plan_cache_commands_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands/plan_cache_commands_test.cpp
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ namespace {
 
 static const NamespaceString nss{"test.collection"_sd};
 
-PlanCacheKey makeKey(const CanonicalQuery& cq) {
+PlanCacheKey makeClassicKey(const CanonicalQuery& cq) {
     CollectionMock coll(nss);
     return plan_cache_key_factory::make<PlanCacheKey>(cq, &coll);
 }
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ TEST(PlanCacheCommandsTest, CanCanonicalizeWithValidQuery) {
         plan_cache_commands::canonicalize(opCtx.get(), nss.ns(), fromjson("{query: {b: 3, a: 4}}"));
     ASSERT_OK(statusWithCQ.getStatus());
     std::unique_ptr<CanonicalQuery> equivQuery = std::move(statusWithCQ.getValue());
-    ASSERT_EQUALS(makeKey(*query), makeKey(*equivQuery));
+    ASSERT_EQUALS(makeClassicKey(*query), makeClassicKey(*equivQuery));
 }
 
 TEST(PlanCacheCommandsTest, SortQueryResultsInDifferentPlanCacheKeyFromUnsorted) {
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ TEST(PlanCacheCommandsTest, SortQueryResultsInDifferentPlanCacheKeyFromUnsorted)
         opCtx.get(), nss.ns(), fromjson("{query: {a: 1, b: 1}, sort: {a: 1, b: 1}}"));
     ASSERT_OK(statusWithCQ.getStatus());
     std::unique_ptr<CanonicalQuery> sortQuery = std::move(statusWithCQ.getValue());
-    ASSERT_NOT_EQUALS(makeKey(*query), makeKey(*sortQuery));
+    ASSERT_NOT_EQUALS(makeClassicKey(*query), makeClassicKey(*sortQuery));
 }
 
 // Regression test for SERVER-17158.
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ TEST(PlanCacheCommandsTest, SortsAreProperlyDelimitedInPlanCacheKey) {
         opCtx.get(), nss.ns(), fromjson("{query: {a: 1, b: 1}, sort: {aab: 1}}"));
     ASSERT_OK(statusWithCQ.getStatus());
     std::unique_ptr<CanonicalQuery> sortQuery2 = std::move(statusWithCQ.getValue());
-    ASSERT_NOT_EQUALS(makeKey(*sortQuery1), makeKey(*sortQuery2));
+    ASSERT_NOT_EQUALS(makeClassicKey(*sortQuery1), makeClassicKey(*sortQuery2));
 }
 
 TEST(PlanCacheCommandsTest, ProjectQueryResultsInDifferentPlanCacheKeyFromUnprojected) {
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ TEST(PlanCacheCommandsTest, ProjectQueryResultsInDifferentPlanCacheKeyFromUnproj
         opCtx.get(), nss.ns(), fromjson("{query: {a: 1, b: 1}, projection: {_id: 0, a: 1}}"));
     ASSERT_OK(statusWithCQ.getStatus());
     std::unique_ptr<CanonicalQuery> projectionQuery = std::move(statusWithCQ.getValue());
-    ASSERT_NOT_EQUALS(makeKey(*query), makeKey(*projectionQuery));
+    ASSERT_NOT_EQUALS(makeClassicKey(*query), makeClassicKey(*projectionQuery));
 }
 
 }  // namespace
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/commands/run_aggregate.cpp b/src/mongo/db/commands/run_aggregate.cpp
index 6230b6da99d..42053578913 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/commands/run_aggregate.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/commands/run_aggregate.cpp
@@ -1031,7 +1031,7 @@ Status runAggregate(OperationContext* opCtx,
             // yet.
             invariant(ctx);
             Explain::explainStages(explainExecutor,
-                                   ctx->getCollection(),
+                                   collections,
                                    *(expCtx->explain),
                                    BSON("optimizedPipeline" << true),
                                    cmdObj,
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/db_raii.cpp b/src/mongo/db/db_raii.cpp
index ddc53c40db1..688577f8e28 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/db_raii.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/db_raii.cpp
@@ -804,6 +804,14 @@ const CollectionPtr& AutoGetCollectionForReadMaybeLockFree::getCollection() cons
     }
 }
 
+bool AutoGetCollectionForReadMaybeLockFree::isAnySecondaryNamespaceAViewOrSharded() const {
+    if (_autoGet) {
+        return _autoGet->isAnySecondaryNamespaceAViewOrSharded();
+    } else {
+        return _autoGetLockFree->isAnySecondaryNamespaceAViewOrSharded();
+    }
+}
+
 template <typename AutoGetCollectionForReadType>
 AutoGetCollectionForReadCommandBase<AutoGetCollectionForReadType>::
     AutoGetCollectionForReadCommandBase(
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/db_raii.h b/src/mongo/db/db_raii.h
index 117a9eba220..63bdf8c621d 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/db_raii.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/db_raii.h
@@ -311,6 +311,7 @@ public:
     const CollectionPtr& getCollection() const;
     const ViewDefinition* getView() const;
     const NamespaceString& getNss() const;
+    bool isAnySecondaryNamespaceAViewOrSharded() const;
 
 private:
     boost::optional<AutoGetCollectionForRead> _autoGet;
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/multi_plan.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/multi_plan.cpp
index 1db8860dc2e..0dbb0c4a405 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/multi_plan.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/multi_plan.cpp
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 #include "mongo/db/query/classic_plan_cache.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/collection_query_info.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/explain.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/multiple_collection_accessor.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/plan_cache_key_factory.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/plan_ranker.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/plan_ranker_util.h"
@@ -280,8 +281,12 @@ Status MultiPlanStage::pickBestPlan(PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy) {
         }
     }
 
-    plan_cache_util::updatePlanCache(
-        expCtx()->opCtx, collection(), _cachingMode, *_query, std::move(ranking), _candidates);
+    plan_cache_util::updatePlanCache(expCtx()->opCtx,
+                                     MultipleCollectionAccessor(collection()),
+                                     _cachingMode,
+                                     *_query,
+                                     std::move(ranking),
+                                     _candidates);
 
     return Status::OK();
 }
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/plan_cache_util.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/plan_cache_util.cpp
index 85d5c823849..a3fc5ff19d1 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/plan_cache_util.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/plan_cache_util.cpp
@@ -74,17 +74,17 @@ void logNotCachingNoData(std::string&& solution) {
 }  // namespace log_detail
 
 void updatePlanCache(OperationContext* opCtx,
-                     const CollectionPtr& collection,
+                     const MultipleCollectionAccessor& collections,
                      const CanonicalQuery& query,
                      const QuerySolution& solution,
                      const sbe::PlanStage& root,
                      const stage_builder::PlanStageData& data) {
-    // TODO SERVER-61507: Integration between lowering parts of aggregation pipeline into the find
-    // subsystem and the new SBE cache isn't implemented yet. Remove cq->pipeline().empty() check
-    // once it's implemented.
-    if (shouldCacheQuery(query) && collection && query.pipeline().empty() &&
+    // TODO SERVER-61507: Remove canUseSbePlanCache check once $group pushdown is
+    // integrated with SBE plan cache.
+    if (shouldCacheQuery(query) && collections.getMainCollection() &&
+        canonical_query_encoder::canUseSbePlanCache(query) &&
         feature_flags::gFeatureFlagSbePlanCache.isEnabledAndIgnoreFCV()) {
-        auto key = plan_cache_key_factory::make<sbe::PlanCacheKey>(query, collection);
+        auto key = plan_cache_key_factory::make(query, collections);
         auto plan = std::make_unique<sbe::CachedSbePlan>(root.clone(), data);
         plan->indexFilterApplied = solution.indexFilterApplied;
         sbe::getPlanCache(opCtx).setPinned(
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/plan_cache_util.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/plan_cache_util.h
index 630458cbcd4..2fb16d8be89 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/plan_cache_util.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/plan_cache_util.h
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "mongo/db/exec/plan_stats.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/canonical_query.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/collection_query_info.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/multiple_collection_accessor.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/plan_cache_debug_info.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/plan_cache_key_factory.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/plan_explainer_factory.h"
@@ -98,7 +99,7 @@ plan_cache_debug_info::DebugInfoSBE buildDebugInfo(const QuerySolution* solution
 template <typename PlanStageType, typename ResultType, typename Data>
 void updatePlanCache(
     OperationContext* opCtx,
-    const CollectionPtr& collection,
+    const MultipleCollectionAccessor& collections,
     PlanCachingMode cachingMode,
     const CanonicalQuery& query,
     std::unique_ptr<plan_ranker::PlanRankingDecision> ranking,
@@ -183,6 +184,7 @@ void updatePlanCache(
                 callbacks{query, buildDebugInfoFn};
             winningPlan.solution->cacheData->indexFilterApplied =
                 winningPlan.solution->indexFilterApplied;
+            auto& collection = collections.getMainCollection();
             uassertStatusOK(CollectionQueryInfo::get(collection)
                                 .getPlanCache()
                                 ->set(plan_cache_key_factory::make<PlanCacheKey>(query, collection),
@@ -195,10 +197,10 @@ void updatePlanCache(
 
         if (winningPlan.solution->cacheData != nullptr) {
             if constexpr (std::is_same_v<PlanStageType, std::unique_ptr<sbe::PlanStage>>) {
-                // TODO SERVER-61507: Integration between lowering parts of aggregation pipeline
-                // into the find subsystem and the new SBE cache isn't implemented yet.
+                // TODO SERVER-61507: Remove canUseSbePlanCache check once $group pushdown
+                // is integrated with SBE plan cache.
                 if (feature_flags::gFeatureFlagSbePlanCache.isEnabledAndIgnoreFCV() &&
-                    query.pipeline().empty()) {
+                    canonical_query_encoder::canUseSbePlanCache(query)) {
                     tassert(6142201,
                             "The winning CandidatePlan should contain the original plan",
                             winningPlan.clonedPlan);
@@ -215,16 +217,16 @@ void updatePlanCache(
                                            plan_cache_debug_info::DebugInfoSBE>
                         callbacks{query, buildDebugInfoFn};
                     uassertStatusOK(sbe::getPlanCache(opCtx).set(
-                        plan_cache_key_factory::make<sbe::PlanCacheKey>(query, collection),
+                        plan_cache_key_factory::make(query, collections),
                         std::move(cachedPlan),
                         *rankingDecision,
                         opCtx->getServiceContext()->getPreciseClockSource()->now(),
                         &callbacks,
                         boost::none /* worksGrowthCoefficient */));
                 } else {
-                    // TODO(SERVER-61507, SERVER-64882): Fall back to use the classic plan cache.
-                    // Remove this branch after "gFeatureFlagSbePlanCache" is removed and lowering
-                    // parts of pipeline is integrated with SBE cache.
+                    // TODO(SERVER-64882, SERVER-61507): Fall back to use the classic plan cache.
+                    // Remove this branch after "gFeatureFlagSbePlanCache" is removed and $group
+                    // pushdown is integrated with SBE plan cache.
                     cacheClassicPlan();
                 }
             } else {
@@ -245,7 +247,7 @@ void updatePlanCache(
  * the cache, the plan immediately becomes "active".
  */
 void updatePlanCache(OperationContext* opCtx,
-                     const CollectionPtr& collection,
+                     const MultipleCollectionAccessor& collections,
                      const CanonicalQuery& query,
                      const QuerySolution& solution,
                      const sbe::PlanStage& root,
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/branch.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/branch.cpp
index bec12b12ee2..adbbd533273 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/branch.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/branch.cpp
@@ -42,8 +42,9 @@ BranchStage::BranchStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> inputThen,
                          value::SlotVector inputThenVals,
                          value::SlotVector inputElseVals,
                          value::SlotVector outputVals,
-                         PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage("branch"_sd, planNodeId),
+                         PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                         bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("branch"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _filter(std::move(filter)),
       _inputThenVals(std::move(inputThenVals)),
       _inputElseVals(std::move(inputElseVals)),
@@ -61,7 +62,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> BranchStage::clone() const {
                                          _inputThenVals,
                                          _inputElseVals,
                                          _outputVals,
-                                         _commonStats.nodeId);
+                                         _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                         _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void BranchStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/branch.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/branch.h
index 67b5af8a517..df813e762a4 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/branch.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/branch.h
@@ -52,7 +52,8 @@ public:
                 value::SlotVector inputThenVals,
                 value::SlotVector inputElseVals,
                 value::SlotVector outputVals,
-                PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+                PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/bson_scan.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/bson_scan.cpp
index c340071ba0e..3a4c3b50512 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/bson_scan.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/bson_scan.cpp
@@ -42,8 +42,9 @@ BSONScanStage::BSONScanStage(const char* bsonBegin,
                              boost::optional<value::SlotId> recordSlot,
                              std::vector<std::string> fields,
                              value::SlotVector vars,
-                             PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage("bsonscan"_sd, planNodeId),
+                             PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                             bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("bsonscan"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _bsonBegin(bsonBegin),
       _bsonEnd(bsonEnd),
       _recordSlot(recordSlot),
@@ -52,8 +53,13 @@ BSONScanStage::BSONScanStage(const char* bsonBegin,
       _bsonCurrent(bsonBegin) {}
 
 std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> BSONScanStage::clone() const {
-    return std::make_unique<BSONScanStage>(
-        _bsonBegin, _bsonEnd, _recordSlot, _fields, _vars, _commonStats.nodeId);
+    return std::make_unique<BSONScanStage>(_bsonBegin,
+                                           _bsonEnd,
+                                           _recordSlot,
+                                           _fields,
+                                           _vars,
+                                           _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                           _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void BSONScanStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/bson_scan.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/bson_scan.h
index 7804bcd4149..79238f695a2 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/bson_scan.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/bson_scan.h
@@ -51,7 +51,8 @@ public:
                   boost::optional<value::SlotId> recordSlot,
                   std::vector<std::string> fields,
                   value::SlotVector vars,
-                  PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+                  PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                  bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/check_bounds.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/check_bounds.cpp
index 483e9f50260..bc62b089005 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/check_bounds.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/check_bounds.cpp
@@ -39,8 +39,9 @@ CheckBoundsStage::CheckBoundsStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                                    value::SlotId inKeySlot,
                                    value::SlotId inRecordIdSlot,
                                    value::SlotId outSlot,
-                                   PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage{"chkbounds"_sd, planNodeId},
+                                   PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                                   bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage{"chkbounds"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking},
       _params{std::move(params)},
       _inKeySlot{inKeySlot},
       _inRecordIdSlot{inRecordIdSlot},
@@ -49,8 +50,13 @@ CheckBoundsStage::CheckBoundsStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> CheckBoundsStage::clone() const {
-    return std::make_unique<CheckBoundsStage>(
-        _children[0]->clone(), _params, _inKeySlot, _inRecordIdSlot, _outSlot, _commonStats.nodeId);
+    return std::make_unique<CheckBoundsStage>(_children[0]->clone(),
+                                              _params,
+                                              _inKeySlot,
+                                              _inRecordIdSlot,
+                                              _outSlot,
+                                              _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                              _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void CheckBoundsStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/check_bounds.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/check_bounds.h
index 29f52faa523..dbdf87938f7 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/check_bounds.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/check_bounds.h
@@ -76,7 +76,8 @@ public:
                      value::SlotId inKeySlot,
                      value::SlotId inRecordIdSlot,
                      value::SlotId outSlot,
-                     PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+                     PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                     bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/co_scan.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/co_scan.cpp
index 73e89a5e87e..9666d03cf01 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/co_scan.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/co_scan.cpp
@@ -34,11 +34,14 @@
 #include "mongo/db/exec/sbe/expressions/expression.h"
 
 namespace mongo::sbe {
-CoScanStage::CoScanStage(PlanNodeId planNodeId, PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy)
-    : PlanStage("coscan"_sd, yieldPolicy, planNodeId) {}
+CoScanStage::CoScanStage(PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                         PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy,
+                         bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("coscan"_sd, yieldPolicy, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking) {}
 
 std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> CoScanStage::clone() const {
-    return std::make_unique<CoScanStage>(_commonStats.nodeId);
+    return std::make_unique<CoScanStage>(
+        _commonStats.nodeId, _yieldPolicy, _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 void CoScanStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {}
 value::SlotAccessor* CoScanStage::getAccessor(CompileCtx& ctx, value::SlotId slot) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/co_scan.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/co_scan.h
index 4625b636a14..1f8c8d5404d 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/co_scan.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/co_scan.h
@@ -42,7 +42,9 @@ namespace mongo::sbe {
  */
 class CoScanStage final : public PlanStage {
 public:
-    explicit CoScanStage(PlanNodeId, PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy = nullptr);
+    explicit CoScanStage(PlanNodeId,
+                         PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy = nullptr,
+                         bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/column_scan.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/column_scan.cpp
index 8058307a916..24f769fa2c7 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/column_scan.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/column_scan.cpp
@@ -59,8 +59,9 @@ ColumnScanStage::ColumnScanStage(UUID collectionUuid,
                                  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<EExpression>> pathExprs,
                                  value::SlotId rowStoreSlot,
                                  PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy,
-                                 PlanNodeId nodeId)
-    : PlanStage("columnscan"_sd, yieldPolicy, nodeId),
+                                 PlanNodeId nodeId,
+                                 bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("columnscan"_sd, yieldPolicy, nodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _collUuid(collectionUuid),
       _columnIndexName(columnIndexName),
       _fieldSlots(std::move(fieldSlots)),
@@ -89,7 +90,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> ColumnScanStage::clone() const {
                                              std::move(pathExprs),
                                              _rowStoreSlot,
                                              _yieldPolicy,
-                                             _commonStats.nodeId);
+                                             _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                             _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void ColumnScanStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/column_scan.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/column_scan.h
index d00d4641171..1efeef25bca 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/column_scan.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/column_scan.h
@@ -53,7 +53,8 @@ public:
                     std::vector<std::unique_ptr<EExpression>> pathExprs,
                     value::SlotId internalSlot,
                     PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy,
-                    PlanNodeId nodeId);
+                    PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                    bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/exchange.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/exchange.cpp
index 8cd7b065559..fdbb6531913 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/exchange.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/exchange.cpp
@@ -171,8 +171,9 @@ ExchangeConsumer::ExchangeConsumer(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                                    ExchangePolicy policy,
                                    std::unique_ptr<EExpression> partition,
                                    std::unique_ptr<EExpression> orderLess,
-                                   PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage("exchange"_sd, planNodeId) {
+                                   PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                                   bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("exchange"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking) {
     _children.emplace_back(std::move(input));
     _state = std::make_shared<ExchangeState>(
         numOfProducers, std::move(fields), policy, std::move(partition), std::move(orderLess));
@@ -186,13 +187,16 @@ ExchangeConsumer::ExchangeConsumer(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
         uassert(5922202, "partition expression must not be present", !_state->partitionExpr());
     }
 }
-ExchangeConsumer::ExchangeConsumer(std::shared_ptr<ExchangeState> state, PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage("exchange"_sd, planNodeId), _state(state) {
+ExchangeConsumer::ExchangeConsumer(std::shared_ptr<ExchangeState> state,
+                                   PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                                   bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("exchange"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking), _state(state) {
     _tid = _state->addConsumer(this);
     _orderPreserving = _state->isOrderPreserving();
 }
 std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> ExchangeConsumer::clone() const {
-    return std::make_unique<ExchangeConsumer>(_state, _commonStats.nodeId);
+    return std::make_unique<ExchangeConsumer>(
+        _state, _commonStats.nodeId, _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 void ExchangeConsumer::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
     for (size_t idx = 0; idx < _state->fields().size(); ++idx) {
@@ -486,8 +490,9 @@ void ExchangeProducer::closePipes() {
 
 ExchangeProducer::ExchangeProducer(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                                    std::shared_ptr<ExchangeState> state,
-                                   PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage("exchangep"_sd, planNodeId), _state(state) {
+                                   PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                                   bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("exchangep"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking), _state(state) {
     _children.emplace_back(std::move(input));
 
     _tid = _state->addProducer(this);
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/exchange.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/exchange.h
index b94b4968f66..15928cd50fb 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/exchange.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/exchange.h
@@ -261,9 +261,12 @@ public:
                      ExchangePolicy policy,
                      std::unique_ptr<EExpression> partition,
                      std::unique_ptr<EExpression> orderLess,
-                     PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+                     PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                     bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
-    ExchangeConsumer(std::shared_ptr<ExchangeState> state, PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+    ExchangeConsumer(std::shared_ptr<ExchangeState> state,
+                     PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                     bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
@@ -311,7 +314,8 @@ class ExchangeProducer final : public PlanStage {
 public:
     ExchangeProducer(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                      std::shared_ptr<ExchangeState> state,
-                     PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+                     PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                     bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     static void start(OperationContext* opCtx,
                       CompileCtx& ctx,
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/filter.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/filter.h
index 2120be1c062..059dd1c7ab4 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/filter.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/filter.h
@@ -58,16 +58,21 @@ class FilterStage final : public PlanStage {
 public:
     FilterStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                 std::unique_ptr<EExpression> filter,
-                PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-        : PlanStage(IsConst ? "cfilter"_sd : (IsEof ? "efilter" : "filter"_sd), planNodeId),
+                PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true)
+        : PlanStage(IsConst ? "cfilter"_sd : (IsEof ? "efilter" : "filter"_sd),
+                    planNodeId,
+                    participateInTrialRunTracking),
           _filter(std::move(filter)) {
         static_assert(!IsEof || !IsConst);
         _children.emplace_back(std::move(input));
     }
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final {
-        return std::make_unique<FilterStage<IsConst, IsEof>>(
-            _children[0]->clone(), _filter->clone(), _commonStats.nodeId);
+        return std::make_unique<FilterStage<IsConst, IsEof>>(_children[0]->clone(),
+                                                             _filter->clone(),
+                                                             _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                                             _participateInTrialRunTracking);
     }
 
     void prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) final {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_agg.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_agg.cpp
index 1dcbc500ec8..f930d4b5e95 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_agg.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_agg.cpp
@@ -47,8 +47,9 @@ HashAggStage::HashAggStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                            bool optimizedClose,
                            boost::optional<value::SlotId> collatorSlot,
                            bool allowDiskUse,
-                           PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage("group"_sd, planNodeId),
+                           PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                           bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("group"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _gbs(std::move(gbs)),
       _aggs(std::move(aggs)),
       _collatorSlot(collatorSlot),
@@ -74,7 +75,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> HashAggStage::clone() const {
                                           _optimizedClose,
                                           _collatorSlot,
                                           _allowDiskUse,
-                                          _commonStats.nodeId);
+                                          _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                          _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void HashAggStage::doSaveState(bool relinquishCursor) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_agg.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_agg.h
index 19fbca9d1c7..d200c4b9c3d 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_agg.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_agg.h
@@ -75,7 +75,8 @@ public:
                  bool optimizedClose,
                  boost::optional<value::SlotId> collatorSlot,
                  bool allowDiskUse,
-                 PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+                 PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                 bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_join.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_join.cpp
index 86675029c0e..bad53262acb 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_join.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_join.cpp
@@ -44,8 +44,9 @@ HashJoinStage::HashJoinStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> outer,
                              value::SlotVector innerCond,
                              value::SlotVector innerProjects,
                              boost::optional<value::SlotId> collatorSlot,
-                             PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage("hj"_sd, planNodeId),
+                             PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                             bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("hj"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _outerCond(std::move(outerCond)),
       _outerProjects(std::move(outerProjects)),
       _innerCond(std::move(innerCond)),
@@ -68,7 +69,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> HashJoinStage::clone() const {
                                            _innerCond,
                                            _innerProjects,
                                            _collatorSlot,
-                                           _commonStats.nodeId);
+                                           _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                           _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void HashJoinStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_join.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_join.h
index ed4781116d9..a3997074db0 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_join.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_join.h
@@ -66,7 +66,8 @@ public:
                   value::SlotVector innerCond,
                   value::SlotVector innerProjects,
                   boost::optional<value::SlotId> collatorSlot,
-                  PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+                  PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                  bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_lookup.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_lookup.cpp
index a65f2f8bd89..16e61d68630 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_lookup.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_lookup.cpp
@@ -47,8 +47,9 @@ HashLookupStage::HashLookupStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> outer,
                                  value::SlotVector innerProjects,
                                  value::SlotMap<std::unique_ptr<EExpression>> innerAggs,
                                  boost::optional<value::SlotId> collatorSlot,
-                                 PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage("hash_lookup"_sd, planNodeId),
+                                 PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                                 bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("hash_lookup"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _outerCond(outerCond),
       _innerCond(innerCond),
       _innerProjects(innerProjects),
@@ -72,7 +73,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> HashLookupStage::clone() const {
                                              _innerProjects,
                                              std::move(innerAggs),
                                              _collatorSlot,
-                                             _commonStats.nodeId);
+                                             _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                             _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void HashLookupStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_lookup.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_lookup.h
index 2e3f0b34816..611c5603606 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_lookup.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/hash_lookup.h
@@ -86,7 +86,8 @@ public:
                     value::SlotVector innerProjects,
                     value::SlotMap<std::unique_ptr<EExpression>> innerAggs,
                     boost::optional<value::SlotId> collatorSlot,
-                    PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+                    PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                    bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/ix_scan.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/ix_scan.cpp
index bfad6d9a2ae..2029ac4d356 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/ix_scan.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/ix_scan.cpp
@@ -50,8 +50,12 @@ IndexScanStage::IndexScanStage(UUID collUuid,
                                boost::optional<value::SlotId> seekKeySlotLow,
                                boost::optional<value::SlotId> seekKeySlotHigh,
                                PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy,
-                               PlanNodeId nodeId)
-    : PlanStage(seekKeySlotLow ? "ixseek"_sd : "ixscan"_sd, yieldPolicy, nodeId),
+                               PlanNodeId nodeId,
+                               bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage(seekKeySlotLow ? "ixseek"_sd : "ixscan"_sd,
+                yieldPolicy,
+                nodeId,
+                participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _collUuid(collUuid),
       _indexName(indexName),
       _forward(forward),
@@ -81,7 +85,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> IndexScanStage::clone() const {
                                             _seekKeySlotLow,
                                             _seekKeySlotHigh,
                                             _yieldPolicy,
-                                            _commonStats.nodeId);
+                                            _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                            _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void IndexScanStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/ix_scan.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/ix_scan.h
index ce00ef17128..da61cb544ec 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/ix_scan.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/ix_scan.h
@@ -83,7 +83,8 @@ public:
                    boost::optional<value::SlotId> seekKeySlotLow,
                    boost::optional<value::SlotId> seekKeySlotHigh,
                    PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy,
-                   PlanNodeId nodeId);
+                   PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                   bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/limit_skip.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/limit_skip.cpp
index 359355582ac..8343f56ca96 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/limit_skip.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/limit_skip.cpp
@@ -37,8 +37,9 @@ namespace mongo::sbe {
 LimitSkipStage::LimitSkipStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                                boost::optional<long long> limit,
                                boost::optional<long long> skip,
-                               PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage(!skip ? "limit"_sd : "limitskip"_sd, planNodeId),
+                               PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                               bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage(!skip ? "limit"_sd : "limitskip"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _limit(limit),
       _skip(skip),
       _current(0),
@@ -51,7 +52,7 @@ LimitSkipStage::LimitSkipStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
 
 std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> LimitSkipStage::clone() const {
     return std::make_unique<LimitSkipStage>(
-        _children[0]->clone(), _limit, _skip, _commonStats.nodeId);
+        _children[0]->clone(), _limit, _skip, _commonStats.nodeId, _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void LimitSkipStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/limit_skip.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/limit_skip.h
index f0f62b34239..7fc366a2174 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/limit_skip.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/limit_skip.h
@@ -50,7 +50,8 @@ public:
     LimitSkipStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                    boost::optional<long long> limit,
                    boost::optional<long long> skip,
-                   PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+                   PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                   bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/loop_join.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/loop_join.cpp
index 6c49f2e700a..3df5e179a09 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/loop_join.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/loop_join.cpp
@@ -41,7 +41,8 @@ LoopJoinStage::LoopJoinStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> outer,
                              value::SlotVector outerProjects,
                              value::SlotVector outerCorrelated,
                              std::unique_ptr<EExpression> predicate,
-                             PlanNodeId nodeId)
+                             PlanNodeId nodeId,
+                             bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
     : LoopJoinStage(std::move(outer),
                     std::move(inner),
                     std::move(outerProjects),
@@ -49,7 +50,8 @@ LoopJoinStage::LoopJoinStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> outer,
                     value::SlotVector{},
                     std::move(predicate),
                     JoinType::Inner,
-                    nodeId) {}
+                    nodeId,
+                    participateInTrialRunTracking) {}
 
 LoopJoinStage::LoopJoinStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> outer,
                              std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> inner,
@@ -58,8 +60,9 @@ LoopJoinStage::LoopJoinStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> outer,
                              value::SlotVector innerProjects,
                              std::unique_ptr<EExpression> predicate,
                              JoinType joinType,
-                             PlanNodeId nodeId)
-    : PlanStage("nlj"_sd, nodeId),
+                             PlanNodeId nodeId,
+                             bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("nlj"_sd, nodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _outerProjects(std::move(outerProjects)),
       _outerCorrelated(std::move(outerCorrelated)),
       _innerProjects(std::move(innerProjects)),
@@ -80,7 +83,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> LoopJoinStage::clone() const {
                                            _innerProjects,
                                            _predicate ? _predicate->clone() : nullptr,
                                            _joinType,
-                                           _commonStats.nodeId);
+                                           _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                           _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void LoopJoinStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/loop_join.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/loop_join.h
index 076655bca4c..c69010071fd 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/loop_join.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/loop_join.h
@@ -63,7 +63,8 @@ public:
                   value::SlotVector outerProjects,
                   value::SlotVector outerCorrelated,
                   std::unique_ptr<EExpression> predicate,
-                  PlanNodeId nodeId);
+                  PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                  bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     LoopJoinStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> outer,
                   std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> inner,
@@ -72,7 +73,8 @@ public:
                   value::SlotVector innerProjects,
                   std::unique_ptr<EExpression> predicate,
                   JoinType joinType,
-                  PlanNodeId nodeId);
+                  PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                  bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/makeobj.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/makeobj.cpp
index cefd83d0035..0c84fde3083 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/makeobj.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/makeobj.cpp
@@ -46,8 +46,11 @@ MakeObjStageBase<O>::MakeObjStageBase(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                                       value::SlotVector projectVars,
                                       bool forceNewObject,
                                       bool returnOldObject,
-                                      PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage(O == MakeObjOutputType::object ? "mkobj"_sd : "mkbson"_sd, planNodeId),
+                                      PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                                      bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage(O == MakeObjOutputType::object ? "mkobj"_sd : "mkbson"_sd,
+                planNodeId,
+                participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _objSlot(objSlot),
       _rootSlot(rootSlot),
       _fieldBehavior(fieldBehavior),
@@ -95,7 +98,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> MakeObjStageBase<O>::clone() const {
                                                  _projectVars,
                                                  _forceNewObject,
                                                  _returnOldObject,
-                                                 _commonStats.nodeId);
+                                                 _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                                 _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 template <MakeObjOutputType O>
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/makeobj.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/makeobj.h
index 1f2dc183d97..3034470b95a 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/makeobj.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/makeobj.h
@@ -87,7 +87,8 @@ public:
                      value::SlotVector projectVars,
                      bool forceNewObject,
                      bool returnOldObject,
-                     PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+                     PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                     bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     /**
      * A convenience constructor that takes a set instead of a vector for 'fields' and
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/merge_join.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/merge_join.cpp
index 170227e0575..d6f03af7502 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/merge_join.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/merge_join.cpp
@@ -76,8 +76,9 @@ MergeJoinStage::MergeJoinStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> outer,
                                value::SlotVector innerKeys,
                                value::SlotVector innerProjects,
                                std::vector<value::SortDirection> sortDirs,
-                               PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage("mj"_sd, planNodeId),
+                               PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                               bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("mj"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _outerKeys(std::move(outerKeys)),
       _outerProjects(std::move(outerProjects)),
       _innerKeys(std::move(innerKeys)),
@@ -104,7 +105,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> MergeJoinStage::clone() const {
                                             _innerKeys,
                                             _innerProjects,
                                             _dirs,
-                                            _commonStats.nodeId);
+                                            _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                            _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void MergeJoinStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/merge_join.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/merge_join.h
index b0f61cd677c..ff94784ac0d 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/merge_join.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/merge_join.h
@@ -62,7 +62,8 @@ public:
                    value::SlotVector innerKeys,
                    value::SlotVector innerProjects,
                    std::vector<value::SortDirection> sortDirs,
-                   PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+                   PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                   bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/project.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/project.cpp
index 736110bc83a..c534c5c8cdc 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/project.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/project.cpp
@@ -37,8 +37,10 @@ namespace mongo {
 namespace sbe {
 ProjectStage::ProjectStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                            value::SlotMap<std::unique_ptr<EExpression>> projects,
-                           PlanNodeId nodeId)
-    : PlanStage("project"_sd, nodeId), _projects(std::move(projects)) {
+                           PlanNodeId nodeId,
+                           bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("project"_sd, nodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
+      _projects(std::move(projects)) {
     _children.emplace_back(std::move(input));
 }
 
@@ -47,8 +49,10 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> ProjectStage::clone() const {
     for (auto& [k, v] : _projects) {
         projects.emplace(k, v->clone());
     }
-    return std::make_unique<ProjectStage>(
-        _children[0]->clone(), std::move(projects), _commonStats.nodeId);
+    return std::make_unique<ProjectStage>(_children[0]->clone(),
+                                          std::move(projects),
+                                          _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                          _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void ProjectStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/project.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/project.h
index 1754dd7d2a9..bf4e169c8c9 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/project.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/project.h
@@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ class ProjectStage final : public PlanStage {
 public:
     ProjectStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                  value::SlotMap<std::unique_ptr<EExpression>> projects,
-                 PlanNodeId nodeId);
+                 PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                 bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/scan.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/scan.cpp
index 678d3f84ef9..fbbc3a9ae0d 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/scan.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/scan.cpp
@@ -56,8 +56,10 @@ ScanStage::ScanStage(UUID collectionUuid,
                      PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy,
                      PlanNodeId nodeId,
                      ScanCallbacks scanCallbacks,
-                     bool useRandomCursor)
-    : PlanStage(seekKeySlot ? "seek"_sd : "scan"_sd, yieldPolicy, nodeId),
+                     bool useRandomCursor,
+                     bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage(
+          seekKeySlot ? "seek"_sd : "scan"_sd, yieldPolicy, nodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _collUuid(collectionUuid),
       _recordSlot(recordSlot),
       _recordIdSlot(recordIdSlot),
@@ -98,7 +100,9 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> ScanStage::clone() const {
                                        _forward,
                                        _yieldPolicy,
                                        _commonStats.nodeId,
-                                       _scanCallbacks);
+                                       _scanCallbacks,
+                                       _useRandomCursor,
+                                       _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void ScanStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
@@ -592,8 +596,9 @@ ParallelScanStage::ParallelScanStage(UUID collectionUuid,
                                      value::SlotVector vars,
                                      PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy,
                                      PlanNodeId nodeId,
-                                     ScanCallbacks callbacks)
-    : PlanStage("pscan"_sd, yieldPolicy, nodeId),
+                                     ScanCallbacks callbacks,
+                                     bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("pscan"_sd, yieldPolicy, nodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _collUuid(collectionUuid),
       _recordSlot(recordSlot),
       _recordIdSlot(recordIdSlot),
@@ -621,8 +626,9 @@ ParallelScanStage::ParallelScanStage(const std::shared_ptr<ParallelState>& state
                                      value::SlotVector vars,
                                      PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy,
                                      PlanNodeId nodeId,
-                                     ScanCallbacks callbacks)
-    : PlanStage("pscan"_sd, yieldPolicy, nodeId),
+                                     ScanCallbacks callbacks,
+                                     bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("pscan"_sd, yieldPolicy, nodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _collUuid(collectionUuid),
       _recordSlot(recordSlot),
       _recordIdSlot(recordIdSlot),
@@ -650,7 +656,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> ParallelScanStage::clone() const {
                                                _vars,
                                                _yieldPolicy,
                                                _commonStats.nodeId,
-                                               _scanCallbacks);
+                                               _scanCallbacks,
+                                               _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void ParallelScanStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/scan.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/scan.h
index 37462ac5e14..ed138f6302e 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/scan.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/scan.h
@@ -108,7 +108,8 @@ public:
               PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy,
               PlanNodeId nodeId,
               ScanCallbacks scanCallbacks,
-              bool useRandomCursor = false);
+              bool useRandomCursor = false,
+              bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
@@ -227,7 +228,8 @@ public:
                       value::SlotVector vars,
                       PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy,
                       PlanNodeId nodeId,
-                      ScanCallbacks callbacks);
+                      ScanCallbacks callbacks,
+                      bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     ParallelScanStage(const std::shared_ptr<ParallelState>& state,
                       const UUID& collectionUuid,
@@ -241,7 +243,8 @@ public:
                       value::SlotVector vars,
                       PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy,
                       PlanNodeId nodeId,
-                      ScanCallbacks callbacks);
+                      ScanCallbacks callbacks,
+                      bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sort.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sort.cpp
index 5acf73afe8d..0968b0bea68 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sort.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sort.cpp
@@ -55,8 +55,9 @@ SortStage::SortStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                      size_t limit,
                      size_t memoryLimit,
                      bool allowDiskUse,
-                     PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage("sort"_sd, planNodeId),
+                     PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                     bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("sort"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _obs(std::move(obs)),
       _dirs(std::move(dirs)),
       _vals(std::move(vals)),
@@ -80,7 +81,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> SortStage::clone() const {
                                        _specificStats.limit,
                                        _specificStats.maxMemoryUsageBytes,
                                        _allowDiskUse,
-                                       _commonStats.nodeId);
+                                       _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                       _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void SortStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sort.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sort.h
index 2bfc9e1d9fb..dda9716b75b 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sort.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sort.h
@@ -70,7 +70,8 @@ public:
               size_t limit,
               size_t memoryLimit,
               bool allowDiskUse,
-              PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+              PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+              bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     ~SortStage();
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sorted_merge.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sorted_merge.cpp
index f0a648f38ad..39cee407a00 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sorted_merge.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sorted_merge.cpp
@@ -41,8 +41,9 @@ SortedMergeStage::SortedMergeStage(PlanStage::Vector inputStages,
                                    std::vector<value::SortDirection> dirs,
                                    std::vector<value::SlotVector> inputVals,
                                    value::SlotVector outputVals,
-                                   PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage("smerge"_sd, planNodeId),
+                                   PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                                   bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("smerge"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _inputKeys(std::move(inputKeys)),
       _dirs(std::move(dirs)),
       _inputVals(std::move(inputVals)),
@@ -69,8 +70,13 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> SortedMergeStage::clone() const {
     for (auto& child : _children) {
         inputStages.emplace_back(child->clone());
     }
-    return std::make_unique<SortedMergeStage>(
-        std::move(inputStages), _inputKeys, _dirs, _inputVals, _outputVals, _commonStats.nodeId);
+    return std::make_unique<SortedMergeStage>(std::move(inputStages),
+                                              _inputKeys,
+                                              _dirs,
+                                              _inputVals,
+                                              _outputVals,
+                                              _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                              _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void SortedMergeStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sorted_merge.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sorted_merge.h
index 3b87e4c8849..436ddfce080 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sorted_merge.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/sorted_merge.h
@@ -61,7 +61,8 @@ public:
                      // Each element of 'inputVals' must be the same size as 'outputVals'.
                      std::vector<value::SlotVector> inputVals,
                      value::SlotVector outputVals,
-                     PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+                     PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                     bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/spool.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/spool.cpp
index 4550f569b09..47ca744962c 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/spool.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/spool.cpp
@@ -35,14 +35,20 @@ namespace mongo::sbe {
 SpoolEagerProducerStage::SpoolEagerProducerStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                                                  SpoolId spoolId,
                                                  value::SlotVector vals,
-                                                 PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage{"espool"_sd, planNodeId}, _spoolId{spoolId}, _vals{std::move(vals)} {
+                                                 PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                                                 bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage{"espool"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking},
+      _spoolId{spoolId},
+      _vals{std::move(vals)} {
     _children.emplace_back(std::move(input));
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> SpoolEagerProducerStage::clone() const {
-    return std::make_unique<SpoolEagerProducerStage>(
-        _children[0]->clone(), _spoolId, _vals, _commonStats.nodeId);
+    return std::make_unique<SpoolEagerProducerStage>(_children[0]->clone(),
+                                                     _spoolId,
+                                                     _vals,
+                                                     _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                                     _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void SpoolEagerProducerStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
@@ -171,8 +177,9 @@ SpoolLazyProducerStage::SpoolLazyProducerStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                                                SpoolId spoolId,
                                                value::SlotVector vals,
                                                std::unique_ptr<EExpression> predicate,
-                                               PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage{"lspool"_sd, planNodeId},
+                                               PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                                               bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage{"lspool"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking},
       _spoolId{spoolId},
       _vals{std::move(vals)},
       _predicate{std::move(predicate)} {
@@ -180,8 +187,12 @@ SpoolLazyProducerStage::SpoolLazyProducerStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> SpoolLazyProducerStage::clone() const {
-    return std::make_unique<SpoolLazyProducerStage>(
-        _children[0]->clone(), _spoolId, _vals, _predicate->clone(), _commonStats.nodeId);
+    return std::make_unique<SpoolLazyProducerStage>(_children[0]->clone(),
+                                                    _spoolId,
+                                                    _vals,
+                                                    _predicate->clone(),
+                                                    _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                                    _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void SpoolLazyProducerStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/spool.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/spool.h
index a2dd6f81657..09a453e0e0e 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/spool.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/spool.h
@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@ public:
     SpoolEagerProducerStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                             SpoolId spoolId,
                             value::SlotVector vals,
-                            PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+                            PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                            bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
@@ -109,7 +110,8 @@ public:
                            SpoolId spoolId,
                            value::SlotVector vals,
                            std::unique_ptr<EExpression> predicate,
-                           PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+                           PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                           bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
@@ -165,13 +167,17 @@ private:
 template <bool IsStack>
 class SpoolConsumerStage final : public PlanStage {
 public:
-    SpoolConsumerStage(SpoolId spoolId, value::SlotVector vals, PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-        : PlanStage{IsStack ? "sspool"_sd : "cspool"_sd, planNodeId},
+    SpoolConsumerStage(SpoolId spoolId,
+                       value::SlotVector vals,
+                       PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                       bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true)
+        : PlanStage{IsStack ? "sspool"_sd : "cspool"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking},
           _spoolId{spoolId},
           _vals{std::move(vals)} {}
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const {
-        return std::make_unique<SpoolConsumerStage<IsStack>>(_spoolId, _vals, _commonStats.nodeId);
+        return std::make_unique<SpoolConsumerStage<IsStack>>(
+            _spoolId, _vals, _commonStats.nodeId, _participateInTrialRunTracking);
     }
 
     void prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/stages.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/stages.h
index 59f6746a005..02dd6ae62fb 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/stages.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/stages.h
@@ -254,7 +254,9 @@ protected:
 template <typename T>
 class CanTrackStats {
 public:
-    CanTrackStats(StringData stageType, PlanNodeId nodeId) : _commonStats(stageType, nodeId) {}
+    CanTrackStats(StringData stageType, PlanNodeId nodeId, bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+        : _commonStats(stageType, nodeId),
+          _participateInTrialRunTracking(participateInTrialRunTracking) {}
 
     /**
      * Returns a tree of stats. If the stage has any children it must propagate the request for
@@ -414,6 +416,12 @@ protected:
 
     CommonStats _commonStats;
 
+    // Flag which determines whether this node and its children can participate in trial run
+    // tracking. A stage and its children are not eligible for trial run tracking when they are
+    // planned deterministically (that is, the amount of work they perform is independent of
+    // other parts of the tree which are multiplanned).
+    bool _participateInTrialRunTracking{true};
+
 private:
     /**
      * In general, accessors can be accessed only after getNext returns a row. It is most definitely
@@ -422,14 +430,6 @@ private:
      * that feature is retired we can then simply revisit all stages and simplify them.
      */
     bool _slotsAccessible{false};
-
-    /**
-     * Flag which determines whether this node and its children can participate in trial run
-     * tracking. A stage and its children are not eligible for trial run tracking when they are
-     * planned deterministically (that is, the amount of work they perform is independent of
-     * other parts of the tree which are multiplanned).
-     */
-    bool _participateInTrialRunTracking{true};
 };
 
 /**
@@ -496,10 +496,15 @@ class PlanStage : public CanSwitchOperationContext<PlanStage>,
 public:
     using Vector = absl::InlinedVector<std::unique_ptr<PlanStage>, 2>;
 
-    PlanStage(StringData stageType, PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy, PlanNodeId nodeId)
-        : CanTrackStats{stageType, nodeId}, CanInterrupt{yieldPolicy} {}
+    PlanStage(StringData stageType,
+              PlanYieldPolicy* yieldPolicy,
+              PlanNodeId nodeId,
+              bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+        : CanTrackStats{stageType, nodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking},
+          CanInterrupt{yieldPolicy} {}
 
-    PlanStage(StringData stageType, PlanNodeId nodeId) : PlanStage(stageType, nullptr, nodeId) {}
+    PlanStage(StringData stageType, PlanNodeId nodeId, bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+        : PlanStage(stageType, nullptr, nodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking) {}
 
     virtual ~PlanStage() = default;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/traverse.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/traverse.cpp
index d1e0a040b3e..654a1a160fa 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/traverse.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/traverse.cpp
@@ -42,8 +42,9 @@ TraverseStage::TraverseStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> outer,
                              std::unique_ptr<EExpression> foldExpr,
                              std::unique_ptr<EExpression> finalExpr,
                              PlanNodeId planNodeId,
-                             boost::optional<size_t> nestedArraysDepth)
-    : PlanStage("traverse"_sd, planNodeId),
+                             boost::optional<size_t> nestedArraysDepth,
+                             bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("traverse"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _inField(inField),
       _outField(outField),
       _outFieldInner(outFieldInner),
@@ -69,7 +70,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> TraverseStage::clone() const {
                                            _fold ? _fold->clone() : nullptr,
                                            _final ? _final->clone() : nullptr,
                                            _commonStats.nodeId,
-                                           _nestedArraysDepth);
+                                           _nestedArraysDepth,
+                                           _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void TraverseStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/traverse.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/traverse.h
index 2b3fee33a47..09e5dc3dfcf 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/traverse.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/traverse.h
@@ -74,7 +74,8 @@ public:
                   std::unique_ptr<EExpression> foldExpr,
                   std::unique_ptr<EExpression> finalExpr,
                   PlanNodeId planNodeId,
-                  boost::optional<size_t> nestedArraysDepth);
+                  boost::optional<size_t> nestedArraysDepth,
+                  bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/union.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/union.cpp
index a661e6c579f..2fd6d0b4fc5 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/union.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/union.cpp
@@ -38,8 +38,9 @@ namespace mongo::sbe {
 UnionStage::UnionStage(PlanStage::Vector inputStages,
                        std::vector<value::SlotVector> inputVals,
                        value::SlotVector outputVals,
-                       PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage("union"_sd, planNodeId),
+                       PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                       bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("union"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _inputVals{std::move(inputVals)},
       _outputVals{std::move(outputVals)} {
     _children = std::move(inputStages);
@@ -57,8 +58,11 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> UnionStage::clone() const {
     for (auto& child : _children) {
         inputStages.emplace_back(child->clone());
     }
-    return std::make_unique<UnionStage>(
-        std::move(inputStages), _inputVals, _outputVals, _commonStats.nodeId);
+    return std::make_unique<UnionStage>(std::move(inputStages),
+                                        _inputVals,
+                                        _outputVals,
+                                        _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                        _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void UnionStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/union.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/union.h
index 2ec0ec73df9..b21d5e6caf5 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/union.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/union.h
@@ -53,7 +53,8 @@ public:
     UnionStage(PlanStage::Vector inputStages,
                std::vector<value::SlotVector> inputVals,
                value::SlotVector outputVals,
-               PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+               PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+               bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unique.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unique.cpp
index 355927ff912..c88fa9ab43e 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unique.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unique.cpp
@@ -37,13 +37,15 @@ namespace mongo {
 namespace sbe {
 UniqueStage::UniqueStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                          value::SlotVector keys,
-                         PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage("unique"_sd, planNodeId), _keySlots(keys) {
+                         PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                         bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("unique"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking), _keySlots(keys) {
     _children.emplace_back(std::move(input));
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> UniqueStage::clone() const {
-    return std::make_unique<UniqueStage>(_children[0]->clone(), _keySlots, _commonStats.nodeId);
+    return std::make_unique<UniqueStage>(
+        _children[0]->clone(), _keySlots, _commonStats.nodeId, _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void UniqueStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unique.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unique.h
index 1165743a0cc..c344cd09d24 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unique.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unique.h
@@ -53,7 +53,10 @@ namespace mongo::sbe {
  */
 class UniqueStage final : public PlanStage {
 public:
-    UniqueStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input, value::SlotVector keys, PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+    UniqueStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
+                value::SlotVector keys,
+                PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unwind.cpp b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unwind.cpp
index b4c5e225adc..7ad10eecb23 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unwind.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unwind.cpp
@@ -40,8 +40,9 @@ UnwindStage::UnwindStage(std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> input,
                          value::SlotId outField,
                          value::SlotId outIndex,
                          bool preserveNullAndEmptyArrays,
-                         PlanNodeId planNodeId)
-    : PlanStage("unwind"_sd, planNodeId),
+                         PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                         bool participateInTrialRunTracking)
+    : PlanStage("unwind"_sd, planNodeId, participateInTrialRunTracking),
       _inField(inField),
       _outField(outField),
       _outIndex(outIndex),
@@ -59,7 +60,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> UnwindStage::clone() const {
                                          _outField,
                                          _outIndex,
                                          _preserveNullAndEmptyArrays,
-                                         _commonStats.nodeId);
+                                         _commonStats.nodeId,
+                                         _participateInTrialRunTracking);
 }
 
 void UnwindStage::prepare(CompileCtx& ctx) {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unwind.h b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unwind.h
index 049fee4a069..57b28d9c1cf 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unwind.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/exec/sbe/stages/unwind.h
@@ -52,7 +52,8 @@ public:
                 value::SlotId outField,
                 value::SlotId outIndex,
                 bool preserveNullAndEmptyArrays,
-                PlanNodeId planNodeId);
+                PlanNodeId planNodeId,
+                bool participateInTrialRunTracking = true);
 
     std::unique_ptr<PlanStage> clone() const final;
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_cursor.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_cursor.cpp
index b98af917d99..c992288a0e4 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_cursor.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_cursor.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_cursor.h"
 
 #include "mongo/db/catalog/collection.h"
+#include "mongo/db/db_raii.h"
 #include "mongo/db/exec/document_value/document.h"
 #include "mongo/db/exec/working_set_common.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/collection_query_info.h"
@@ -225,15 +226,20 @@ Value DocumentSourceCursor::serialize(boost::optional<ExplainOptions::Verbosity>
 
     {
         auto opCtx = pExpCtx->opCtx;
-        auto lockMode = getLockModeForQuery(opCtx, _exec->nss());
-        AutoGetDb dbLock(opCtx, _exec->nss().db(), lockMode);
-        Lock::CollectionLock collLock(opCtx, _exec->nss(), lockMode);
-        auto collection = dbLock.getDb()
-            ? CollectionCatalog::get(opCtx)->lookupCollectionByNamespace(opCtx, _exec->nss())
-            : nullptr;
+        auto secondaryNssList = _exec->getSecondaryNamespaces();
+        AutoGetCollectionForReadMaybeLockFree readLock(opCtx,
+                                                       _exec->nss(),
+                                                       AutoGetCollectionViewMode::kViewsForbidden,
+                                                       Date_t::max(),
+                                                       secondaryNssList);
+        MultipleCollectionAccessor collections(opCtx,
+                                               &readLock.getCollection(),
+                                               readLock.getNss(),
+                                               readLock.isAnySecondaryNamespaceAViewOrSharded(),
+                                               secondaryNssList);
 
         Explain::explainStages(_exec.get(),
-                               collection,
+                               collections,
                                verbosity.get(),
                                _execStatus,
                                _winningPlanTrialStats,
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/process_interface/common_mongod_process_interface.cpp b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/process_interface/common_mongod_process_interface.cpp
index e0ac0211ef2..2fecb18bebe 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/pipeline/process_interface/common_mongod_process_interface.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/pipeline/process_interface/common_mongod_process_interface.cpp
@@ -559,7 +559,8 @@ std::vector<BSONObj> CommonMongodProcessInterface::getMatchingPlanCacheEntryStat
                                      collVersion = collQueryInfo.getPlanCacheInvalidatorVersion()](
                                         const sbe::PlanCacheKey& key) {
             // Only fetch plan cache entries with keys matching given UUID and collectionVersion.
-            return uuid == key.getCollectionUuid() && collVersion == key.getCollectionVersion();
+            return uuid == key.getMainCollectionState().uuid &&
+                collVersion == key.getMainCollectionState().version;
         };
 
         auto planCacheEntriesSBE =
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query.cpp
index c4d2de8fcb0..6449c5241fc 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query.cpp
@@ -538,10 +538,11 @@ std::string CanonicalQuery::toStringShort() const {
 }
 
 CanonicalQuery::QueryShapeString CanonicalQuery::encodeKey() const {
-    // TODO SERVER-61507: remove '_pipeline.empty()' check. Canonical queries with pushed down
-    // $group/$lookup stages are not SBE-compatible until SERVER-61507 is complete.
+    // TODO SERVER-61507: remove 'canUseSbePlanCache' check. Canonical queries with pushed
+    // down $group stages are not compatible with the SBE plan cache until SERVER-61507 is complete.
     return (feature_flags::gFeatureFlagSbePlanCache.isEnabledAndIgnoreFCV() &&
-            !_forceClassicEngine && _sbeCompatible && _pipeline.empty())
+            !_forceClassicEngine && _sbeCompatible &&
+            canonical_query_encoder::canUseSbePlanCache(*this))
         ? canonical_query_encoder::encodeSBE(*this)
         : canonical_query_encoder::encode(*this);
 }
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query_encoder.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query_encoder.cpp
index 2013c8a635e..11b1a99479a 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query_encoder.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query_encoder.cpp
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 #include "mongo/db/matcher/expression_text_noop.h"
 #include "mongo/db/matcher/expression_where.h"
 #include "mongo/db/matcher/expression_where_noop.h"
+#include "mongo/db/pipeline/document_source_lookup.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/analyze_regex.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/projection.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/query_feature_flags_gen.h"
@@ -86,6 +87,7 @@ const char kEncodeProjectionRequirementSeparator = '-';
 const char kEncodeRegexFlagsSeparator = '/';
 const char kEncodeSortSection = '~';
 const char kEncodeEngineSection = '@';
+const char kEncodePipelineSection = '^';
 
 // These special bytes are used in the encoding of auto-parameterized match expressions in the SBE
 // plan cache key.
@@ -135,6 +137,7 @@ void encodeUserString(StringData s, BuilderType* builder) {
             case kEncodeEngineSection:
             case kEncodeParamMarker:
             case kEncodeConstantLiteralMarker:
+            case kEncodePipelineSection:
             case '\\':
                 if constexpr (hasAppendChar<BuilderType>) {
                     builder->appendChar('\\');
@@ -431,6 +434,26 @@ void encodeCollation(const CollatorInterface* collation, StringBuilder* keyBuild
     // not be stable between versions.
 }
 
+void encodePipeline(const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<InnerPipelineStageInterface>>& pipeline,
+                    BufBuilder* bufBuilder) {
+    bufBuilder->appendChar(kEncodePipelineSection);
+    for (auto& stage : pipeline) {
+        std::vector<Value> serializedArray;
+        if (auto lookupStage = dynamic_cast<DocumentSourceLookUp*>(stage->documentSource())) {
+            lookupStage->serializeToArray(serializedArray, boost::none);
+            tassert(6443201,
+                    "$lookup stage isn't serialized to a single bson object",
+                    serializedArray.size() == 1 && serializedArray[0].getType() == Object);
+            const auto bson = serializedArray[0].getDocument().toBson();
+            bufBuilder->appendBuf(bson.objdata(), bson.objsize());
+        } else {
+            tasserted(6443200,
+                      str::stream() << "Pipeline stage cannot be encoded in plan cache key: "
+                                    << stage->documentSource()->getSourceName());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 template <class RegexIterator>
 void encodeRegexFlagsForMatch(RegexIterator first, RegexIterator last, StringBuilder* keyBuilder) {
     // We sort the flags, so that queries with the same regex flags in different orders will have
@@ -1085,6 +1108,8 @@ std::string encodeSBE(const CanonicalQuery& cq) {
 
     encodeFindCommandRequest(cq.getFindCommandRequest(), &bufBuilder);
 
+    encodePipeline(cq.pipeline(), &bufBuilder);
+
     return base64::encode(StringData(bufBuilder.buf(), bufBuilder.len()));
 }
 
@@ -1106,5 +1131,14 @@ CanonicalQuery::IndexFilterKey encodeForIndexFilters(const CanonicalQuery& cq) {
 uint32_t computeHash(StringData key) {
     return SimpleStringDataComparator::kInstance.hash(key);
 }
+
+bool canUseSbePlanCache(const CanonicalQuery& cq) {
+    for (auto& stage : cq.pipeline()) {
+        if (StringData{stage->documentSource()->getSourceName()} != "$lookup") {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
 }  // namespace canonical_query_encoder
 }  // namespace mongo
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query_encoder.h b/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query_encoder.h
index 3164ddbec67..4bfbb68c2f2 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query_encoder.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query_encoder.h
@@ -68,5 +68,11 @@ CanonicalQuery::IndexFilterKey encodeForIndexFilters(const CanonicalQuery& cq);
  * Returns a hash of the given key (produced from either a QueryShapeString or a PlanCacheKey).
  */
 uint32_t computeHash(StringData key);
+
+/**
+ * Returns whether a plan generated from this query can be stored in the SBE plan cache.
+ */
+bool canUseSbePlanCache(const CanonicalQuery& cq);
+
 }  // namespace canonical_query_encoder
 }  // namespace mongo
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query_encoder_test.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query_encoder_test.cpp
index 486b4f2d14f..3394e048be8 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query_encoder_test.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/canonical_query_encoder_test.cpp
@@ -29,10 +29,11 @@
 
 #include "mongo/db/query/canonical_query_encoder.h"
 
-#include "mongo/db/catalog/collection_mock.h"
 #include "mongo/db/jsobj.h"
 #include "mongo/db/json.h"
+#include "mongo/db/pipeline/document_source.h"
 #include "mongo/db/pipeline/expression_context_for_test.h"
+#include "mongo/db/pipeline/inner_pipeline_stage_impl.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/canonical_query.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/plan_cache_key_factory.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/query_test_service_context.h"
@@ -46,10 +47,17 @@ namespace {
 using std::unique_ptr;
 
 static const NamespaceString nss("testdb.testcoll");
+static const NamespaceString foreignNss("testdb.foreigncoll");
 
-PlanCacheKey makeKey(const CanonicalQuery& cq) {
-    CollectionMock coll(nss);
-    return plan_cache_key_factory::make<PlanCacheKey>(cq, &coll);
+std::vector<std::unique_ptr<InnerPipelineStageInterface>> parsePipeline(
+    const boost::intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext> expCtx, const std::vector<BSONObj>& rawPipeline) {
+    auto pipeline = Pipeline::parse(rawPipeline, expCtx);
+
+    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<InnerPipelineStageInterface>> stages;
+    for (auto&& source : pipeline->getSources()) {
+        stages.emplace_back(std::make_unique<InnerPipelineStageImpl>(source));
+    }
+    return stages;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -59,7 +67,8 @@ unique_ptr<CanonicalQuery> canonicalize(BSONObj query,
                                         BSONObj sort,
                                         BSONObj proj,
                                         BSONObj collation,
-                                        std::unique_ptr<FindCommandRequest> findCommand = nullptr) {
+                                        std::unique_ptr<FindCommandRequest> findCommand = nullptr,
+                                        std::vector<BSONObj> pipelineObj = {}) {
     QueryTestServiceContext serviceContext;
     auto opCtx = serviceContext.makeOperationContext();
 
@@ -70,14 +79,26 @@ unique_ptr<CanonicalQuery> canonicalize(BSONObj query,
     findCommand->setSort(sort.getOwned());
     findCommand->setProjection(proj.getOwned());
     findCommand->setCollation(collation.getOwned());
-    const boost::intrusive_ptr<ExpressionContext> expCtx;
+
+    const auto expCtx = make_intrusive<ExpressionContextForTest>(opCtx.get(), nss);
+    expCtx->addResolvedNamespaces({foreignNss});
+    if (!findCommand->getCollation().isEmpty()) {
+        auto statusWithCollator = CollatorFactoryInterface::get(opCtx->getServiceContext())
+                                      ->makeFromBSON(findCommand->getCollation());
+        ASSERT_OK(statusWithCollator.getStatus());
+        expCtx->setCollator(std::move(statusWithCollator.getValue()));
+    }
+    auto pipeline = parsePipeline(expCtx, pipelineObj);
+
     auto statusWithCQ =
         CanonicalQuery::canonicalize(opCtx.get(),
                                      std::move(findCommand),
                                      false,
                                      expCtx,
                                      ExtensionsCallbackNoop(),
-                                     MatchExpressionParser::kAllowAllSpecialFeatures);
+                                     MatchExpressionParser::kAllowAllSpecialFeatures,
+                                     ProjectionPolicies::findProjectionPolicies(),
+                                     std::move(pipeline));
     ASSERT_OK(statusWithCQ.getStatus());
     return std::move(statusWithCQ.getValue());
 }
@@ -115,13 +136,14 @@ void testComputeSBEKey(BSONObj query,
                        BSONObj sort,
                        BSONObj proj,
                        std::string expectedStr,
-                       std::unique_ptr<FindCommandRequest> findCommand = nullptr) {
+                       std::unique_ptr<FindCommandRequest> findCommand = nullptr,
+                       std::vector<BSONObj> pipelineObj = {}) {
     BSONObj collation;
     unique_ptr<CanonicalQuery> cq(
-        canonicalize(query, sort, proj, collation, std::move(findCommand)));
+        canonicalize(query, sort, proj, collation, std::move(findCommand), std::move(pipelineObj)));
     cq->setSbeCompatible(true);
-    auto key = makeKey(*cq);
-    ASSERT_EQUALS(key.toString(), expectedStr);
+    const auto key = canonical_query_encoder::encodeSBE(*cq);
+    ASSERT_EQUALS(key, expectedStr);
 }
 
 void testComputeKey(const char* queryStr,
@@ -135,12 +157,14 @@ void testComputeSBEKey(const char* queryStr,
                        const char* sortStr,
                        const char* projStr,
                        std::string expectedStr,
-                       std::unique_ptr<FindCommandRequest> findCommand = nullptr) {
+                       std::unique_ptr<FindCommandRequest> findCommand = nullptr,
+                       std::vector<BSONObj> pipelineObj = {}) {
     testComputeSBEKey(fromjson(queryStr),
                       fromjson(sortStr),
                       fromjson(projStr),
                       expectedStr,
-                      std::move(findCommand));
+                      std::move(findCommand),
+                      std::move(pipelineObj));
 }
 
 TEST(CanonicalQueryEncoderTest, ComputeKey) {
@@ -262,8 +286,6 @@ TEST(CanonicalQueryEncoderTest, ComputeKeyEscaped) {
 // Cache keys for $geoWithin queries with legacy and GeoJSON coordinates should
 // not be the same.
 TEST(CanonicalQueryEncoderTest, ComputeKeyGeoWithin) {
-    PlanCache planCache(5000);
-
     // Legacy coordinates.
     unique_ptr<CanonicalQuery> cqLegacy(
         canonicalize("{a: {$geoWithin: "
@@ -273,7 +295,8 @@ TEST(CanonicalQueryEncoderTest, ComputeKeyGeoWithin) {
         canonicalize("{a: {$geoWithin: "
                      "{$geometry: {type: 'Polygon', coordinates: "
                      "[[[0, 0], [0, 90], [90, 0], [0, 0]]]}}}}"));
-    ASSERT_NOT_EQUALS(makeKey(*cqLegacy), makeKey(*cqNew));
+    ASSERT_NOT_EQUALS(canonical_query_encoder::encode(*cqLegacy),
+                      canonical_query_encoder::encode(*cqNew));
 }
 
 // GEO_NEAR cache keys should include information on geometry and CRS in addition
@@ -395,85 +418,87 @@ TEST(CanonicalQueryEncoderTest, ComputeKeySBE) {
     // SBE must be enabled in order to generate SBE plan cache keys.
     RAIIServerParameterControllerForTest controllerSBE("internalQueryForceClassicEngine", false);
 
-    // TODO SERVER-61314: Remove when featureFlagSbePlanCache is removed.
     RAIIServerParameterControllerForTest controllerSBEPlanCache("featureFlagSbePlanCache", true);
 
-    testComputeSBEKey("{}", "{}", "{}", "YW4ABQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAAA=");
+    testComputeSBEKey("{}", "{}", "{}", "YW4ABQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABe");
     testComputeSBEKey(
         "{$or: [{a: 1}, {b: 2}]}",
         "{}",
         "{}",
-        "b3IAW2VxAGE/AAAAACxlcQBiPwEAAABdBQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAAA=");
+        "b3IAW2VxAGE/AAAAACxlcQBiPwEAAABdBQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABe");
     testComputeSBEKey(
-        "{a: 1}", "{}", "{}", "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAAA=");
+        "{a: 1}", "{}", "{}", "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABe");
     testComputeSBEKey(
-        "{b: 1}", "{}", "{}", "ZXEAYj8AAAAABQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAAA=");
+        "{b: 1}", "{}", "{}", "ZXEAYj8AAAAABQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABe");
     testComputeSBEKey(
         "{a: 1, b: 1, c: 1}",
         "{}",
         "{}",
-        "YW4AW2VxAGE/AAAAACxlcQBiPwEAAAAsZXEAYz8CAAAAXQUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAA");
+        "YW4AW2VxAGE/"
+        "AAAAACxlcQBiPwEAAAAsZXEAYz8CAAAAXQUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAAXg==");
 
     // With sort
-    testComputeSBEKey("{}", "{a: 1}", "{}", "YW4ABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAAA=");
+    testComputeSBEKey("{}", "{a: 1}", "{}", "YW4ABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABe");
     testComputeSBEKey(
-        "{}", "{a: -1}", "{}", "YW4ABQAAAAB+ZGEAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAAA=");
+        "{}", "{a: -1}", "{}", "YW4ABQAAAAB+ZGEAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABe");
     testComputeSBEKey(
-        "{a: 1}", "{a: 1}", "{}", "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAAA=");
+        "{a: 1}", "{a: 1}", "{}", "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABe");
 
     // With projection
     testComputeSBEKey("{a: 1}",
                       "{a: 1}",
                       "{a: 1}",
-                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAADAAAABBhAAEAAAAAfmFhAAAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAA");
-    testComputeSBEKey(
-        "{}", "{a: 1}", "{a: 1}", "YW4ADAAAABBhAAEAAAAAfmFhAAAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAA");
+                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAADAAAABBhAAEAAAAAfmFhAAAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAAXg==");
+    testComputeSBEKey("{}",
+                      "{a: 1}",
+                      "{a: 1}",
+                      "YW4ADAAAABBhAAEAAAAAfmFhAAAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAAXg==");
     testComputeSBEKey("{}",
                       "{a: 1}",
                       "{a: 1, b: [{$const: 1}]}",
                       "YW4AKAAAABBhAAEAAAAEYgAZAAAAAzAAEQAAABAkY29uc3QAAQAAAAAAAH5hYQAAAAAAAAAAbm5u"
-                      "bgUAAAAABQAAAAAFAAAAAA==");
+                      "bgUAAAAABQAAAAAFAAAAAF4=");
     testComputeSBEKey(
-        "{}", "{}", "{a: 1}", "YW4ADAAAABBhAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAA");
+        "{}", "{}", "{a: 1}", "YW4ADAAAABBhAAEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAAXg==");
     testComputeSBEKey(
-        "{}", "{}", "{a: true}", "YW4ACQAAAAhhAAEAAAAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAA");
+        "{}", "{}", "{a: true}", "YW4ACQAAAAhhAAEAAAAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAAXg==");
     testComputeSBEKey(
-        "{}", "{}", "{a: false}", "YW4ACQAAAAhhAAAAAAAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAA");
+        "{}", "{}", "{a: false}", "YW4ACQAAAAhhAAAAAAAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAAXg==");
 
     // With FindCommandRequest
     auto findCommand = std::make_unique<FindCommandRequest>(nss);
     testComputeSBEKey("{a: 1}",
                       "{a: 1}",
                       "{}",
-                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAAA=",
+                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABe",
                       std::move(findCommand));
     findCommand = std::make_unique<FindCommandRequest>(nss);
     findCommand->setAllowDiskUse(true);
     testComputeSBEKey("{a: 1}",
                       "{a: 1}",
                       "{}",
-                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAHRubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAAA=",
+                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAHRubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABe",
                       std::move(findCommand));
     findCommand = std::make_unique<FindCommandRequest>(nss);
     findCommand->setAllowDiskUse(false);
     testComputeSBEKey("{a: 1}",
                       "{a: 1}",
                       "{}",
-                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAGZubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAAA=",
+                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAGZubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABe",
                       std::move(findCommand));
     findCommand = std::make_unique<FindCommandRequest>(nss);
     findCommand->setReturnKey(true);
     testComputeSBEKey("{a: 1}",
                       "{a: 1}",
                       "{}",
-                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAG50bm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAAA=",
+                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAG50bm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABe",
                       std::move(findCommand));
     findCommand = std::make_unique<FindCommandRequest>(nss);
     findCommand->setRequestResumeToken(false);
     testComputeSBEKey("{a: 1}",
                       "{a: 1}",
                       "{}",
-                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAG5uZm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAAA=",
+                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAG5uZm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABe",
                       std::move(findCommand));
 
     findCommand = std::make_unique<FindCommandRequest>(nss);
@@ -481,7 +506,7 @@ TEST(CanonicalQueryEncoderTest, ComputeKeySBE) {
     testComputeSBEKey("{a: 1}",
                       "{a: 1}",
                       "{}",
-                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEKAAAAAAAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAA",
+                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEKAAAAAAAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAAXg==",
                       std::move(findCommand));
 
     findCommand = std::make_unique<FindCommandRequest>(nss);
@@ -489,7 +514,7 @@ TEST(CanonicalQueryEncoderTest, ComputeKeySBE) {
     testComputeSBEKey("{a: 1}",
                       "{a: 1}",
                       "{}",
-                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAACgAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAA",
+                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAACgAAAAAAAABubm5uBQAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAAXg==",
                       std::move(findCommand));
 
     findCommand = std::make_unique<FindCommandRequest>(nss);
@@ -497,14 +522,14 @@ TEST(CanonicalQueryEncoderTest, ComputeKeySBE) {
     testComputeSBEKey("{a: 1}",
                       "{a: 1}",
                       "{}",
-                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAwAAAAQYQABAAAAAAUAAAAA",
+                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAwAAAAQYQABAAAAAAUAAAAAXg==",
                       std::move(findCommand));
     findCommand = std::make_unique<FindCommandRequest>(nss);
     findCommand->setMax(mongo::fromjson("{ a : 1 }"));
     testComputeSBEKey("{a: 1}",
                       "{a: 1}",
                       "{}",
-                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAADAAAABBhAAEAAAAA",
+                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAB+YWEAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAADAAAABBhAAEAAAAAXg==",
                       std::move(findCommand));
     findCommand = std::make_unique<FindCommandRequest>(nss);
     findCommand->setRequestResumeToken(true);
@@ -515,9 +540,74 @@ TEST(CanonicalQueryEncoderTest, ComputeKeySBE) {
         "{a: 1}",
         "{}",
         "{}",
-        "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5udG4YAAAAEiRyZWNvcmRJZAABAAAAAAAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAA",
+        "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5udG4YAAAAEiRyZWNvcmRJZAABAAAAAAAAAAAFAAAAAAUAAAAAXg==",
         std::move(findCommand));
 }
 
+TEST(CanonicalQueryEncoderTest, ComputeKeySBEWithPipeline) {
+    // SBE must be enabled in order to generate SBE plan cache keys.
+    RAIIServerParameterControllerForTest controllerSBE("internalQueryForceClassicEngine", false);
+
+    RAIIServerParameterControllerForTest controllerSBEPlanCache("featureFlagSbePlanCache", true);
+
+    auto getLookupBson = [](StringData localField, StringData foreignField, StringData asField) {
+        return BSON("$lookup" << BSON("from" << foreignNss.coll() << "localField" << localField
+                                             << "foreignField" << foreignField << "as" << asField));
+    };
+
+    // No pipeline stage.
+    testComputeSBEKey("{a: 1}",
+                      "{}",
+                      "{}",
+                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABe",
+                      nullptr,
+                      {});
+
+    // Different $lookup stage options.
+    testComputeSBEKey(
+        "{a: 1}",
+        "{}",
+        "{}",
+        "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABeWgAAAAMkbG9va3VwAEwAAAACZnJvbQAMAA"
+        "AAZm9yZWlnbmNvbGwAAmFzAAMAAABhcwACbG9jYWxGaWVsZAACAAAAYQACZm9yZWlnbkZpZWxkAAIAAABiAAAA",
+        nullptr,
+        {getLookupBson("a", "b", "as")});
+    testComputeSBEKey("{a: 1}",
+                      "{}",
+                      "{}",
+                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABeWwAAAAMkbG9va3VwAE0A"
+                      "AAACZnJvbQAMAAAAZm9yZWlnbmNvbGwAAmFzAAMAAABhcwACbG9jYWxGaWVsZAADAAAAYTEAAmZv"
+                      "cmVpZ25GaWVsZAACAAAAYgAAAA==",
+                      nullptr,
+                      {getLookupBson("a1", "b", "as")});
+    testComputeSBEKey("{a: 1}",
+                      "{}",
+                      "{}",
+                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABeWwAAAAMkbG9va3VwAE0A"
+                      "AAACZnJvbQAMAAAAZm9yZWlnbmNvbGwAAmFzAAMAAABhcwACbG9jYWxGaWVsZAACAAAAYQACZm9y"
+                      "ZWlnbkZpZWxkAAMAAABiMQAAAA==",
+                      nullptr,
+                      {getLookupBson("a", "b1", "as")});
+    testComputeSBEKey("{a: 1}",
+                      "{}",
+                      "{}",
+                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABeWwAAAAMkbG9va3VwAE0A"
+                      "AAACZnJvbQAMAAAAZm9yZWlnbmNvbGwAAmFzAAQAAABhczEAAmxvY2FsRmllbGQAAgAAAGEAAmZv"
+                      "cmVpZ25GaWVsZAACAAAAYgAAAA==",
+                      nullptr,
+                      {getLookupBson("a", "b", "as1")});
+
+    // Multiple $lookup stages.
+    testComputeSBEKey("{a: 1}",
+                      "{}",
+                      "{}",
+                      "ZXEAYT8AAAAABQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAG5ubm4FAAAAAAUAAAAABQAAAABeWgAAAAMkbG9va3VwAEwA"
+                      "AAACZnJvbQAMAAAAZm9yZWlnbmNvbGwAAmFzAAMAAABhcwACbG9jYWxGaWVsZAACAAAAYQACZm9y"
+                      "ZWlnbkZpZWxkAAIAAABiAAAAXQAAAAMkbG9va3VwAE8AAAACZnJvbQAMAAAAZm9yZWlnbmNvbGwA"
+                      "AmFzAAQAAABhczEAAmxvY2FsRmllbGQAAwAAAGExAAJmb3JlaWduRmllbGQAAwAAAGIxAAAA",
+                      nullptr,
+                      {getLookupBson("a", "b", "as"), getLookupBson("a1", "b1", "as1")});
+}
+
 }  // namespace
 }  // namespace mongo
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/explain.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/explain.cpp
index 414badb8332..568c3da9fe0 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/explain.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/explain.cpp
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
 #include "mongo/db/query/collection_query_info.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/explain_common.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/get_executor.h"
+#include "mongo/db/query/multiple_collection_accessor.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/plan_cache_key_factory.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/plan_executor.h"
 #include "mongo/db/query/plan_executor_impl.h"
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ namespace {
  * - 'out' is a builder for the explain output.
  */
 void generatePlannerInfo(PlanExecutor* exec,
-                         const CollectionPtr& collection,
+                         const MultipleCollectionAccessor& collections,
                          BSONObj extraInfo,
                          BSONObjBuilder* out) {
     BSONObjBuilder plannerBob(out->subobjStart("queryPlanner"));
@@ -91,22 +92,23 @@ void generatePlannerInfo(PlanExecutor* exec,
     bool indexFilterSet = false;
     boost::optional<uint32_t> queryHash;
     boost::optional<uint32_t> planCacheKeyHash;
-    if (collection && exec->getCanonicalQuery()) {
+    const auto& mainCollection = collections.getMainCollection();
+    if (mainCollection && exec->getCanonicalQuery()) {
         const QuerySettings* querySettings =
-            QuerySettingsDecoration::get(collection->getSharedDecorations());
+            QuerySettingsDecoration::get(mainCollection->getSharedDecorations());
         if (exec->getCanonicalQuery()->isSbeCompatible() &&
             feature_flags::gFeatureFlagSbePlanCache.isEnabledAndIgnoreFCV() &&
             !exec->getCanonicalQuery()->getForceClassicEngine() &&
-            // TODO(SERVER-61507): Remove pipeline check once lowered pipelines are integrated with
-            // SBE plan cache.
-            exec->getCanonicalQuery()->pipeline().empty()) {
-            const auto planCacheKeyInfo = plan_cache_key_factory::make<sbe::PlanCacheKey>(
-                *exec->getCanonicalQuery(), collection);
+            // TODO SERVER-61507: remove canUseSbePlanCache check when $group pushdown is
+            // integrated with SBE plan cache.
+            canonical_query_encoder::canUseSbePlanCache(*exec->getCanonicalQuery())) {
+            const auto planCacheKeyInfo =
+                plan_cache_key_factory::make(*exec->getCanonicalQuery(), collections);
             planCacheKeyHash = planCacheKeyInfo.planCacheKeyHash();
             queryHash = planCacheKeyInfo.queryHash();
         } else {
-            const auto planCacheKeyInfo =
-                plan_cache_key_factory::make<PlanCacheKey>(*exec->getCanonicalQuery(), collection);
+            const auto planCacheKeyInfo = plan_cache_key_factory::make<PlanCacheKey>(
+                *exec->getCanonicalQuery(), mainCollection);
             planCacheKeyHash = planCacheKeyInfo.planCacheKeyHash();
             queryHash = planCacheKeyInfo.queryHash();
         }
@@ -310,7 +312,7 @@ void appendBasicPlanCacheEntryInfoToBSON(const EntryType& entry, BSONObjBuilder*
 }  // namespace
 
 void Explain::explainStages(PlanExecutor* exec,
-                            const CollectionPtr& collection,
+                            const MultipleCollectionAccessor& collections,
                             ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                             Status executePlanStatus,
                             boost::optional<PlanExplainer::PlanStatsDetails> winningPlanTrialStats,
@@ -325,7 +327,7 @@ void Explain::explainStages(PlanExecutor* exec,
     out->appendElements(explainVersionToBson(explainer.getVersion()));
 
     if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kQueryPlanner) {
-        generatePlannerInfo(exec, collection, extraInfo, out);
+        generatePlannerInfo(exec, collections, extraInfo, out);
     }
 
     if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
@@ -364,7 +366,7 @@ void Explain::explainPipeline(PlanExecutor* exec,
 }
 
 void Explain::explainStages(PlanExecutor* exec,
-                            const CollectionPtr& collection,
+                            const MultipleCollectionAccessor& collections,
                             ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
                             BSONObj extraInfo,
                             const BSONObj& command,
@@ -372,9 +374,10 @@ void Explain::explainStages(PlanExecutor* exec,
     auto&& explainer = exec->getPlanExplainer();
     auto winningPlanTrialStats = explainer.getWinningPlanTrialStats();
     Status executePlanStatus = Status::OK();
-    const CollectionPtr* collectionPtr = &collection;
+    const MultipleCollectionAccessor* collectionsPtr = &collections;
 
     // If we need execution stats, then run the plan in order to gather the stats.
+    const MultipleCollectionAccessor emptyCollections;
     if (verbosity >= ExplainOptions::Verbosity::kExecStats) {
         try {
             executePlan(exec);
@@ -386,12 +389,12 @@ void Explain::explainStages(PlanExecutor* exec,
         // then the collection may no longer be valid. We conservatively set our collection pointer
         // to null in case it is invalid.
         if (!executePlanStatus.isOK() && executePlanStatus != ErrorCodes::NoQueryExecutionPlans) {
-            collectionPtr = &CollectionPtr::null;
+            collectionsPtr = &emptyCollections;
         }
     }
 
     explainStages(exec,
-                  *collectionPtr,
+                  *collectionsPtr,
                   verbosity,
                   executePlanStatus,
                   winningPlanTrialStats,
@@ -403,6 +406,15 @@ void Explain::explainStages(PlanExecutor* exec,
     explain_common::generateServerParameters(out);
 }
 
+void Explain::explainStages(PlanExecutor* exec,
+                            const CollectionPtr& collection,
+                            ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
+                            BSONObj extraInfo,
+                            const BSONObj& command,
+                            BSONObjBuilder* out) {
+    explainStages(exec, MultipleCollectionAccessor(collection), verbosity, extraInfo, command, out);
+}
+
 void Explain::planCacheEntryToBSON(const PlanCacheEntry& entry, BSONObjBuilder* out) {
     out->append("version", "1");
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/explain.h b/src/mongo/db/query/explain.h
index d41dd3a1725..1dcabdeb7e3 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/explain.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/explain.h
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ namespace mongo {
 
 class Collection;
 class CollectionPtr;
+class MultipleCollectionAccessor;
 class OperationContext;
 class PlanExecutorPipeline;
 struct PlanSummaryStats;
@@ -77,15 +78,26 @@ public:
                               BSONObj extraInfo,
                               const BSONObj& command,
                               BSONObjBuilder* out);
+
+    /**
+     * Similar to the above function, but takes in multiple collections instead to support
+     * aggregation that involves multiple collections (e.g. $lookup).
+     */
+    static void explainStages(PlanExecutor* exec,
+                              const MultipleCollectionAccessor& collections,
+                              ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
+                              BSONObj extraInfo,
+                              const BSONObj& command,
+                              BSONObjBuilder* out);
+
     /**
      * Adds "queryPlanner" and "executionStats" (if requested in verbosity) fields to 'out'. Unlike
      * the other overload of explainStages() above, this one does not add the "serverInfo" section.
      *
      * - 'exec' is the stage tree for the operation being explained.
-     * - 'collection' is the relevant collection. During this call it may be required to execute the
-     * plan to collect statistics. If the PlanExecutor uses 'kLockExternally' lock policy, the
-     * caller should hold at least an IS lock on the collection the that the query runs on, even if
-     * 'collection' parameter is nullptr.
+     * - 'collections' are the relevant main and secondary collections (e.g. for $lookup). If the
+     * PlanExecutor uses 'kLockExternally' lock policy, the caller should hold the necessary db_raii
+     * object on the involved collections.
      * - 'verbosity' is the verbosity level of the explain.
      * - 'extraInfo' specifies additional information to include into the output.
      * - 'executePlanStatus' is the status returned after executing the query (Status::OK if the
@@ -97,7 +109,7 @@ public:
      */
     static void explainStages(
         PlanExecutor* exec,
-        const CollectionPtr& collection,
+        const MultipleCollectionAccessor& collections,
         ExplainOptions::Verbosity verbosity,
         Status executePlanStatus,
         boost::optional<PlanExplainer::PlanStatsDetails> winningPlanTrialStats,
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/get_executor.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/get_executor.cpp
index 5c22beab210..6c77f43ae1a 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/get_executor.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/get_executor.cpp
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ public:
             _cq->setCollator(mainColl->getDefaultCollator()->clone());
         }
 
-        auto planCacheKey = plan_cache_key_factory::make<KeyType>(*_cq, mainColl);
+        auto planCacheKey = buildPlanCacheKey();
         // Fill in some opDebug information, unless it has already been filled by an outer pipeline.
         OpDebug& opDebug = CurOp::get(_opCtx)->debug();
         if (!opDebug.queryHash) {
@@ -743,6 +743,11 @@ protected:
     virtual PlanStageType buildExecutableTree(const QuerySolution& solution) const = 0;
 
     /**
+     * Constructs the plan cache key.
+     */
+    virtual KeyType buildPlanCacheKey() const = 0;
+
+    /**
      * Either constructs a PlanStage tree from a cached plan (if exists in the plan cache), or
      * constructs a "id hack" PlanStage tree. Returns nullptr if no cached plan or id hack plan can
      * be constructed.
@@ -879,6 +884,10 @@ protected:
         return result;
     }
 
+    PlanCacheKey buildPlanCacheKey() const {
+        return plan_cache_key_factory::make<PlanCacheKey>(*_cq, _collection);
+    }
+
     std::unique_ptr<ClassicPrepareExecutionResult> buildCachedPlan(
         const PlanCacheKey& planCacheKey) final {
         initializePlannerParamsIfNeeded();
@@ -1083,13 +1092,17 @@ protected:
         return result;
     }
 
+    sbe::PlanCacheKey buildPlanCacheKey() const {
+        return plan_cache_key_factory::make(*_cq, _collections);
+    }
+
     std::unique_ptr<SlotBasedPrepareExecutionResult> buildCachedPlan(
         const sbe::PlanCacheKey& planCacheKey) final {
         if (shouldCacheQuery(*_cq)) {
-            // TODO SERVER-61507: remove _cq->pipeline().empty() check when $group pushdown is
+            // TODO SERVER-61507: remove canUseSbePlanCache check when $group pushdown is
             // integrated with SBE plan cache.
             if (!feature_flags::gFeatureFlagSbePlanCache.isEnabledAndIgnoreFCV() ||
-                !_cq->pipeline().empty()) {
+                !canonical_query_encoder::canUseSbePlanCache(*_cq)) {
                 // If the feature flag is off, we first try to build an "id hack" plan because the
                 // id hack plans are not cached in the classic cache. We then fall back to use the
                 // classic plan cache.
@@ -1346,18 +1359,19 @@ StatusWith<std::unique_ptr<PlanExecutor, PlanExecutor::Deleter>> getSlotBasedExe
     // No need for runtime planning, just use the constructed plan stage tree.
     invariant(solutions.size() == 1);
     invariant(roots.size() == 1);
-    if (!cq->pipeline().empty()) {
-        // Need to extend the solution with the agg pipeline and rebuild the execution tree.
-        solutions[0] = QueryPlanner::extendWithAggPipeline(
-            *cq,
-            std::move(solutions[0]),
-            fillOutSecondaryCollectionsInformation(opCtx, collections, cq.get()));
-        roots[0] = helper.buildExecutableTree(*(solutions[0]));
-    }
     auto&& [root, data] = roots[0];
+
     if (!planningResult->recoveredPinnedCacheEntry()) {
-        plan_cache_util::updatePlanCache(
-            opCtx, collections.getMainCollection(), *cq, *solutions[0], *root, data);
+        if (!cq->pipeline().empty()) {
+            // Need to extend the solution with the agg pipeline and rebuild the execution tree.
+            solutions[0] = QueryPlanner::extendWithAggPipeline(
+                *cq,
+                std::move(solutions[0]),
+                fillOutSecondaryCollectionsInformation(opCtx, collections, cq.get()));
+            roots[0] = helper.buildExecutableTree(*(solutions[0]));
+        }
+
+        plan_cache_util::updatePlanCache(opCtx, collections, *cq, *solutions[0], *root, data);
     }
 
     // Prepare the SBE tree for execution.
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/plan_cache_key_factory.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/plan_cache_key_factory.cpp
index 6b154b29105..b330fa5ccd6 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/plan_cache_key_factory.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/plan_cache_key_factory.cpp
@@ -89,12 +89,6 @@ PlanCacheKeyInfo makePlanCacheKeyInfo(const CanonicalQuery& query,
     return PlanCacheKeyInfo(shapeString, indexabilityKeyBuilder.str());
 }
 
-PlanCacheKey make(const CanonicalQuery& query,
-                  const CollectionPtr& collection,
-                  PlanCacheKeyTag<PlanCacheKey>) {
-    return {makePlanCacheKeyInfo(query, collection)};
-}
-
 namespace {
 /**
  * Returns the highest index commit timestamp associated with an index on 'collection' that is
@@ -129,24 +123,62 @@ boost::optional<Timestamp> computeNewestVisibleIndexTimestamp(OperationContext*
 
     return currentNewestVisible.isNull() ? boost::optional<Timestamp>{} : currentNewestVisible;
 }
+
+sbe::PlanCacheKeyCollectionState computeCollectionState(OperationContext* opCtx,
+                                                        const CollectionPtr& collection,
+                                                        bool isSecondaryColl) {
+    boost::optional<sbe::PlanCacheKeyShardingEpoch> keyShardingEpoch;
+    // We don't version secondary collections in the current shard versioning protocol. Also, since
+    // currently we only push down $lookup to SBE when secondary collections (and main collection)
+    // are unsharded, it's OK to not encode the sharding information here.
+    if (!isSecondaryColl) {
+        const auto shardVersion{
+            OperationShardingState::get(opCtx).getShardVersion(collection->ns())};
+        if (shardVersion) {
+            keyShardingEpoch =
+                sbe::PlanCacheKeyShardingEpoch{shardVersion->epoch(), shardVersion->getTimestamp()};
+        }
+    }
+    return {collection->uuid(),
+            CollectionQueryInfo::get(collection).getPlanCacheInvalidatorVersion(),
+            plan_cache_detail::computeNewestVisibleIndexTimestamp(opCtx, collection),
+            keyShardingEpoch};
+}
 }  // namespace
 
+PlanCacheKey make(const CanonicalQuery& query,
+                  const CollectionPtr& collection,
+                  PlanCacheKeyTag<PlanCacheKey> tag) {
+    return {plan_cache_detail::makePlanCacheKeyInfo(query, collection)};
+}
+
 sbe::PlanCacheKey make(const CanonicalQuery& query,
                        const CollectionPtr& collection,
-                       PlanCacheKeyTag<sbe::PlanCacheKey>) {
-    OperationContext* opCtx = query.getOpCtx();
-    auto collectionVersion = CollectionQueryInfo::get(collection).getPlanCacheInvalidatorVersion();
-    const auto shardVersion{OperationShardingState::get(opCtx).getShardVersion(collection->ns())};
-    const auto keyShardingEpoch = shardVersion
-        ? boost::make_optional(
-              sbe::PlanCacheKeyShardingEpoch{shardVersion->epoch(), shardVersion->getTimestamp()})
-        : boost::none;
-
-    return {makePlanCacheKeyInfo(query, collection),
-            collection->uuid(),
-            collectionVersion,
-            computeNewestVisibleIndexTimestamp(opCtx, collection),
-            keyShardingEpoch};
+                       PlanCacheKeyTag<sbe::PlanCacheKey> tag) {
+    return plan_cache_key_factory::make(query, MultipleCollectionAccessor(collection));
 }
 }  // namespace plan_cache_detail
+
+namespace plan_cache_key_factory {
+sbe::PlanCacheKey make(const CanonicalQuery& query, const MultipleCollectionAccessor& collections) {
+    OperationContext* opCtx = query.getOpCtx();
+    auto mainCollectionState = plan_cache_detail::computeCollectionState(
+        opCtx, collections.getMainCollection(), false /* isSecondaryColl */);
+    std::vector<sbe::PlanCacheKeyCollectionState> secondaryCollectionStates;
+    secondaryCollectionStates.reserve(collections.getSecondaryCollections().size());
+    // We always use the collection order saved in MultipleCollectionAccessor to populate the plan
+    // cache key, which is ordered by the secondary collection namespaces.
+    for (auto& [_, collection] : collections.getSecondaryCollections()) {
+        if (collection) {
+            secondaryCollectionStates.emplace_back(plan_cache_detail::computeCollectionState(
+                opCtx, collection, true /* isSecondaryColl */));
+        }
+    }
+
+    return {plan_cache_detail::makePlanCacheKeyInfo(query, collections.getMainCollection()),
+            std::move(mainCollectionState),
+            std::move(secondaryCollectionStates)};
+}
+}  // namespace plan_cache_key_factory
+
 }  // namespace mongo
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/plan_cache_key_factory.h b/src/mongo/db/query/plan_cache_key_factory.h
index 8d811793211..663297093c7 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/plan_cache_key_factory.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/plan_cache_key_factory.h
@@ -52,14 +52,14 @@ template <typename KeyType>
 struct PlanCacheKeyTag {};
 
 /**
- * Creates a key for the classic plan cache from the canonical query and collection instances.
+ * Creates a key for the classic plan cache from the canonical query and a single collection.
  */
 PlanCacheKey make(const CanonicalQuery& query,
                   const CollectionPtr& collection,
                   PlanCacheKeyTag<PlanCacheKey> tag);
 
 /**
- * Creates a key for the SBE plan cache from the canonical query and collection instances.
+ * Similar to above, but for the SBE plan cache key.
  */
 sbe::PlanCacheKey make(const CanonicalQuery& query,
                        const CollectionPtr& collection,
@@ -77,5 +77,12 @@ template <typename Key>
 Key make(const CanonicalQuery& query, const CollectionPtr& collection) {
     return plan_cache_detail::make(query, collection, plan_cache_detail::PlanCacheKeyTag<Key>{});
 }
+
+/**
+ * Similar to above, a factory helper to make a SBE plan cache key, but used for agg queries that
+ * might involve multiple collections.
+ */
+sbe::PlanCacheKey make(const CanonicalQuery& query, const MultipleCollectionAccessor& collections);
+
 }  // namespace plan_cache_key_factory
 }  // namespace mongo
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_cached_solution_planner.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_cached_solution_planner.cpp
index 5f1b8f008d6..0ecd5ba50f5 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_cached_solution_planner.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_cached_solution_planner.cpp
@@ -53,10 +53,17 @@ CandidatePlans CachedSolutionPlanner::plan(
 
     // If the cached plan is accepted we'd like to keep the results from the trials even if there
     // are parts of agg pipelines being lowered into SBE, so we run the trial with the extended
-    // plan. This works because TrialRunTracker, attached to HashAgg stage, tracks as "results" the
-    // results of its child stage. Thus, we can use the number of reads the plan was cached with
-    // during multiplanning even though multiplanning ran trials of pre-extended plans.
-    if (!_cq.pipeline().empty()) {
+    // plan. This works because TrialRunTracker, attached to HashAgg stage in $group queries, tracks
+    // as "results" the results of its child stage. For $lookup queries, the TrialRunTracker will
+    // only track the number of reads from the local side. Thus, we can use the number of reads the
+    // plan was cached with during multiplanning even though multiplanning ran trials of
+    // pre-extended plans.
+    //
+    // TODO SERVER-61507: Remove canUseSbePlanCache check once $group pushdown is integrated with
+    // SBE plan cache.
+    if (!_cq.pipeline().empty() &&
+        !(feature_flags::gFeatureFlagSbePlanCache.isEnabledAndIgnoreFCV() &&
+          canonical_query_encoder::canUseSbePlanCache(_cq))) {
         _yieldPolicy->clearRegisteredPlans();
         auto secondaryCollectionsInfo =
             fillOutSecondaryCollectionsInformation(_opCtx, _collections, &_cq);
@@ -184,7 +191,7 @@ CandidatePlans CachedSolutionPlanner::replan(bool shouldCache, std::string reaso
         cache->deactivate(plan_cache_key_factory::make<mongo::PlanCacheKey>(_cq, mainColl));
         if (feature_flags::gFeatureFlagSbePlanCache.isEnabledAndIgnoreFCV()) {
             auto&& sbePlanCache = sbe::getPlanCache(_opCtx);
-            sbePlanCache.deactivate(plan_cache_key_factory::make<sbe::PlanCacheKey>(_cq, mainColl));
+            sbePlanCache.deactivate(plan_cache_key_factory::make(_cq, _collections));
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_multi_planner.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_multi_planner.cpp
index b9966e74683..c4ba4f7efad 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_multi_planner.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_multi_planner.cpp
@@ -130,13 +130,13 @@ CandidatePlans MultiPlanner::finalizeExecutionPlans(
         winner.root->open(false);
     }
 
-    // Writes a cache entry for the winning plan to the plan cache if possible.
-    plan_cache_util::updatePlanCache(_opCtx,
-                                     _collections.getMainCollection(),
-                                     _cachingMode,
-                                     _cq,
-                                     std::move(decision),
-                                     candidates);
+    // If there is a pushed down pipeline that cannot use SBE plan cache, then write a cache entry
+    // before extending the pipeline.
+    // TODO SERVER-61507: Remove this block once $group pushdown is integrated with SBE plan cache.
+    if (!canonical_query_encoder::canUseSbePlanCache(_cq)) {
+        plan_cache_util::updatePlanCache(
+            _opCtx, _collections, _cachingMode, _cq, std::move(decision), candidates);
+    }
 
     // Extend the winning candidate with the agg pipeline and rebuild the execution tree. Because
     // the trial was done with find-only part of the query, we cannot reuse the results. The
@@ -152,10 +152,16 @@ CandidatePlans MultiPlanner::finalizeExecutionPlans(
         // The winner might have been replanned. So, pass through the replanning reason to the new
         // plan.
         data.replanReason = std::move(winner.data.replanReason);
+
+        // We need to clone the plan here for the plan cache to use. The clone will be stored in the
+        // cache prior to preparation, whereas the original copy of the tree will be prepared and
+        // used to execute this query.
+        auto clonedPlan = std::make_pair(rootStage->clone(), stage_builder::PlanStageData(data));
         stage_builder::prepareSlotBasedExecutableTree(
             _opCtx, rootStage.get(), &data, _cq, _collections, _yieldPolicy);
         candidates[winnerIdx] = sbe::plan_ranker::CandidatePlan{
             std::move(solution), std::move(rootStage), std::move(data)};
+        candidates[winnerIdx].clonedPlan.emplace(std::move(clonedPlan));
         candidates[winnerIdx].root->open(false);
 
         if (_cq.getExplain()) {
@@ -173,6 +179,16 @@ CandidatePlans MultiPlanner::finalizeExecutionPlans(
         }
     }
 
+    // If pipeline can use SBE plan cache or there is no pushed down pipeline, then write a cache
+    // entry after extending the pipeline.
+    // TODO SERVER-61507: Remove canUseSbePlanCache check once $group pushdown is
+    // integrated with SBE plan cache.
+    if (canonical_query_encoder::canUseSbePlanCache(_cq)) {
+        // Writes a cache entry for the winning plan to the plan cache if possible.
+        plan_cache_util::updatePlanCache(
+            _opCtx, _collections, _cachingMode, _cq, std::move(decision), candidates);
+    }
+
     return {std::move(candidates), winnerIdx};
 }
 }  // namespace mongo::sbe
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_plan_cache.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_plan_cache.cpp
index 0d7a90e9ed5..bbd6db6418a 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_plan_cache.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_plan_cache.cpp
@@ -160,8 +160,17 @@ void clearPlanCacheEntriesWith(ServiceContext* serviceCtx,
             sbe::getPlanCache(serviceCtx)
                 .removeIf([&collectionUuid, collectionVersion](const PlanCacheKey& key,
                                                                const sbe::PlanCacheEntry& entry) {
-                    return key.getCollectionVersion() == collectionVersion &&
-                        key.getCollectionUuid() == collectionUuid;
+                    if (key.getMainCollectionState().version == collectionVersion &&
+                        key.getMainCollectionState().uuid == collectionUuid) {
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                    for (auto& collectionState : key.getSecondaryCollectionStates()) {
+                        if (collectionState.version == collectionVersion &&
+                            collectionState.uuid == collectionUuid) {
+                            return true;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    return false;
                 });
 
         LOGV2_DEBUG(6006600,
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_plan_cache.h b/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_plan_cache.h
index 6e7853fa817..b33488ade0f 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_plan_cache.h
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_plan_cache.h
@@ -56,35 +56,91 @@ struct PlanCacheKeyShardingEpoch {
     Timestamp ts;
 };
 
+struct PlanCacheKeyCollectionState {
+    bool operator==(const PlanCacheKeyCollectionState& other) const {
+        return other.uuid == uuid && other.version == version &&
+            other.newestVisibleIndexTimestamp == newestVisibleIndexTimestamp &&
+            other.shardVersion == shardVersion;
+    }
+
+    size_t hashCode() const {
+        size_t hash = UUID::Hash{}(uuid);
+        boost::hash_combine(hash, version);
+        if (newestVisibleIndexTimestamp) {
+            boost::hash_combine(hash, newestVisibleIndexTimestamp->asULL());
+        }
+        if (shardVersion) {
+            shardVersion->epoch.hash_combine(hash);
+            boost::hash_combine(hash, shardVersion->ts.asULL());
+        }
+        return hash;
+    }
+
+    UUID uuid;
+
+    // There is a special collection versioning scheme associated with the SBE plan cache. Whenever
+    // an action against a collection is made which should invalidate the plan cache entries for the
+    // collection -- in particular index builds and drops -- the version number is incremented.
+    // Readers specify the version number that they are reading at so that they only pick up cache
+    // entries with the right set of indexes.
+    //
+    // We also clean up all cache entries for a particular (collectionUuid, versionNumber) pair when
+    // all readers seeing this version of the collection have drained.
+    size_t version;
+
+    // The '_collectionVersion' is not currently sufficient in order to ensure that the indexes
+    // visible to the reader are consistent with the indexes present in the cache entry. The reason
+    // is that all readers see the latest copy-on-write version of the 'Collection' object, even
+    // though they are allowed to read at an older timestamp, potentially at a time before an index
+    // build completed.
+    //
+    // To solve this problem, we incorporate the timestamp of the newest index visible to the reader
+    // into the plan cache key. This ensures that the set of indexes visible to the reader match
+    // those present in the plan cache entry, preventing a situation where the plan cache entry
+    // reflects a newer version of the index catalog than the one visible to the reader.
+    //
+    // In the future, this could instead be solved with point-in-time catalog lookups.
+    boost::optional<Timestamp> newestVisibleIndexTimestamp;
+
+    // Ensures that a cached SBE plan cannot be reused if the collection has since become sharded or
+    // changed its shard key. The cached plan may no longer be valid after sharding or shard key
+    // refining since the structure of the plan depends on whether the collection is sharded, and if
+    // sharded depends on the shard key.
+    const boost::optional<PlanCacheKeyShardingEpoch> shardVersion;
+};
+
 /**
  * Represents the "key" used in the PlanCache mapping from query shape -> query plan.
  */
 class PlanCacheKey {
 public:
     PlanCacheKey(PlanCacheKeyInfo&& info,
-                 UUID collectionUuid,
-                 size_t collectionVersion,
-                 boost::optional<Timestamp> newestVisibleIndexTimestamp,
-                 boost::optional<PlanCacheKeyShardingEpoch> shardVersion)
+                 PlanCacheKeyCollectionState mainCollectionState,
+                 std::vector<PlanCacheKeyCollectionState> secondaryCollectionStates)
         : _info{std::move(info)},
-          _collectionUuid{collectionUuid},
-          _collectionVersion{collectionVersion},
-          _newestVisibleIndexTimestamp{newestVisibleIndexTimestamp},
-          _shardVersion{shardVersion} {}
+          _mainCollectionState{std::move(mainCollectionState)},
+          _secondaryCollectionStates{std::move(secondaryCollectionStates)} {
+        // For secondary collections, we don't encode shard version in the key since we don't shard
+        // version these collections. This is OK because we only push down $lookup queries to SBE
+        // when involved collections are unsharded.
+        for (const auto& collState : _secondaryCollectionStates) {
+            tassert(6443202,
+                    "Secondary collections should not encode shard version in plan cache key",
+                    collState.shardVersion == boost::none);
+        }
+    }
 
-    const UUID& getCollectionUuid() const {
-        return _collectionUuid;
+    const PlanCacheKeyCollectionState& getMainCollectionState() const {
+        return _mainCollectionState;
     }
 
-    size_t getCollectionVersion() const {
-        return _collectionVersion;
+    const std::vector<PlanCacheKeyCollectionState>& getSecondaryCollectionStates() const {
+        return _secondaryCollectionStates;
     }
 
     bool operator==(const PlanCacheKey& other) const {
-        return other._collectionVersion == _collectionVersion &&
-            other._collectionUuid == _collectionUuid &&
-            other._newestVisibleIndexTimestamp == _newestVisibleIndexTimestamp &&
-            other._info == _info && other._shardVersion == _shardVersion;
+        return other._info == _info && other._mainCollectionState == _mainCollectionState &&
+            other._secondaryCollectionStates == _secondaryCollectionStates;
     }
 
     bool operator!=(const PlanCacheKey& other) const {
@@ -97,14 +153,9 @@ public:
 
     uint32_t planCacheKeyHash() const {
         size_t hash = _info.planCacheKeyHash();
-        boost::hash_combine(hash, UUID::Hash{}(_collectionUuid));
-        boost::hash_combine(hash, _collectionVersion);
-        if (_newestVisibleIndexTimestamp) {
-            boost::hash_combine(hash, _newestVisibleIndexTimestamp->asULL());
-        }
-        if (_shardVersion) {
-            _shardVersion->epoch.hash_combine(hash);
-            boost::hash_combine(hash, _shardVersion->ts.asULL());
+        boost::hash_combine(hash, _mainCollectionState.hashCode());
+        for (auto& collectionState : _secondaryCollectionStates) {
+            boost::hash_combine(hash, collectionState.hashCode());
         }
         return hash;
     }
@@ -117,37 +168,12 @@ private:
     // Contains the actual encoding of the query shape as well as the index discriminators.
     const PlanCacheKeyInfo _info;
 
-    const UUID _collectionUuid;
-
-    // There is a special collection versioning scheme associated with the SBE plan cache. Whenever
-    // an action against a collection is made which should invalidate the plan cache entries for the
-    // collection -- in particular index builds and drops -- the version number is incremented.
-    // Readers specify the version number that they are reading at so that they only pick up cache
-    // entries with the right set of indexes.
-    //
-    // We also clean up all cache entries for a particular (collectionUuid, versionNumber) pair when
-    // all readers seeing this version of the collection have drained.
-    const size_t _collectionVersion;
-
-    // The '_collectionVersion' is not currently sufficient in order to ensure that the indexes
-    // visible to the reader are consistent with the indexes present in the cache entry. The reason
-    // is that all readers see the latest copy-on-write version of the 'Collection' object, even
-    // though they are allowed to read at an older timestamp, potentially at a time before an index
-    // build completed.
-    //
-    // To solve this problem, we incorporate the timestamp of the newest index visible to the reader
-    // into the plan cache key. This ensures that the set of indexes visible to the reader match
-    // those present in the plan cache entry, preventing a situation where the plan cache entry
-    // reflects a newer version of the index catalog than the one visible to the reader.
-    //
-    // In the future, this could instead be solved with point-in-time catalog lookups.
-    const boost::optional<Timestamp> _newestVisibleIndexTimestamp;
+    const PlanCacheKeyCollectionState _mainCollectionState;
 
-    // Ensures that a cached SBE plan cannot be reused if the collection has since become sharded or
-    // changed its shard key. The cached plan may no longer be valid after sharding or shard key
-    // refining since the structure of the plan depends on whether the collection is sharded, and if
-    // sharded depends on the shard key.
-    const boost::optional<PlanCacheKeyShardingEpoch> _shardVersion;
+    // To make sure the plan cache key matches, the secondary collection states need to be passed
+    // in a defined order. Currently, we use the collection order stored in
+    // MultipleCollectionAccessor, which is ordered by the collection namespaces.
+    const std::vector<PlanCacheKeyCollectionState> _secondaryCollectionStates;
 };
 
 class PlanCacheKeyHasher {
diff --git a/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_sub_planner.cpp b/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_sub_planner.cpp
index e5e714ad3aa..c6ce37cb434 100644
--- a/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_sub_planner.cpp
+++ b/src/mongo/db/query/sbe_sub_planner.cpp
@@ -116,8 +116,9 @@ CandidatePlans SubPlanner::plan(
 
     // TODO SERVER-61507: do it unconditionally when $group pushdown is integrated with the SBE plan
     // cache.
-    if (_cq.pipeline().empty()) {
-        plan_cache_util::updatePlanCache(_opCtx, mainColl, _cq, *compositeSolution, *root, data);
+    if (canonical_query_encoder::canUseSbePlanCache(_cq)) {
+        plan_cache_util::updatePlanCache(
+            _opCtx, _collections, _cq, *compositeSolution, *root, data);
     }
 
     return {makeVector(plan_ranker::CandidatePlan{