path: root/BUILDING.md

# Building Node.js

Depending on what platform or features you need, the build process may
differ. After you've built a binary, running the
test suite to confirm that the binary works as intended is a good next step.

If you can reproduce a test failure, search for it in the
[Node.js issue tracker](https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues) or
file a new issue.

## Table of contents

* [Supported platforms](#supported-platforms)
  * [Input](#input)
  * [Strategy](#strategy)
  * [Platform list](#platform-list)
  * [Supported toolchains](#supported-toolchains)
  * [Official binary platforms and toolchains](#official-binary-platforms-and-toolchains)
    * [OpenSSL asm support](#openssl-asm-support)
  * [Previous versions of this document](#previous-versions-of-this-document)
* [Building Node.js on supported platforms](#building-nodejs-on-supported-platforms)
  * [Note about Python](#note-about-python)
  * [Unix and macOS](#unix-and-macos)
    * [Unix prerequisites](#unix-prerequisites)
    * [macOS prerequisites](#macos-prerequisites)
    * [Building Node.js](#building-nodejs-1)
    * [Installing Node.js](#installing-nodejs)
    * [Running Tests](#running-tests)
    * [Running Coverage](#running-coverage)
    * [Building the documentation](#building-the-documentation)
    * [Building a debug build](#building-a-debug-build)
    * [Building an ASan build](#building-an-asan-build)
    * [Speeding up frequent rebuilds when developing](#speeding-up-frequent-rebuilds-when-developing)
    * [Troubleshooting Unix and macOS builds](#troubleshooting-unix-and-macos-builds)
  * [Windows](#windows)
    * [Prerequisites](#prerequisites)
      * [Option 1: Manual install](#option-1-manual-install)
      * [Option 2: Automated install with Boxstarter](#option-2-automated-install-with-boxstarter)
    * [Building Node.js](#building-nodejs-2)
  * [Android](#android)
* [`Intl` (ECMA-402) support](#intl-ecma-402-support)
  * [Build with full ICU support (all locales supported by ICU)](#build-with-full-icu-support-all-locales-supported-by-icu)
    * [Unix/macOS](#unixmacos)
    * [Windows](#windows-1)
  * [Trimmed: `small-icu` (English only) support](#trimmed-small-icu-english-only-support)
    * [Unix/macOS](#unixmacos-1)
    * [Windows](#windows-2)
  * [Building without Intl support](#building-without-intl-support)
    * [Unix/macOS](#unixmacos-2)
    * [Windows](#windows-3)
  * [Use existing installed ICU (Unix/macOS only)](#use-existing-installed-icu-unixmacos-only)
  * [Build with a specific ICU](#build-with-a-specific-icu)
    * [Unix/macOS](#unixmacos-3)
    * [Windows](#windows-4)
* [Configuring OpenSSL config appname](#configure-openssl-appname)
* [Building Node.js with FIPS-compliant OpenSSL](#building-nodejs-with-fips-compliant-openssl)
* [Building Node.js with external core modules](#building-nodejs-with-external-core-modules)
  * [Unix/macOS](#unixmacos-4)
  * [Windows](#windows-5)
* [Note for downstream distributors of Node.js](#note-for-downstream-distributors-of-nodejs)

## Supported platforms

This list of supported platforms is current as of the branch/release to
which it belongs.

### Input

Node.js relies on V8 and libuv. We adopt a subset of their supported platforms.

### Strategy

There are three support tiers:

* **Tier 1**: These platforms represent the majority of Node.js users. The
  Node.js Build Working Group maintains infrastructure for full test coverage.
  Test failures on tier 1 platforms will block releases.
* **Tier 2**: These platforms represent smaller segments of the Node.js user
  base. The Node.js Build Working Group maintains infrastructure for full test
  coverage. Test failures on tier 2 platforms will block releases.
  Infrastructure issues may delay the release of binaries for these platforms.
* **Experimental**: May not compile or test suite may not pass. The core team
  does not create releases for these platforms. Test failures on experimental
  platforms do not block releases. Contributions to improve support for these
  platforms are welcome.

Platforms may move between tiers between major release lines. The table below
will reflect those changes.

### Platform list

Node.js compilation/execution support depends on operating system, architecture,
and libc version. The table below lists the support tier for each supported
combination. A list of [supported compile toolchains](#supported-toolchains) is
also supplied for tier 1 platforms.

**For production applications, run Node.js on supported platforms only.**

Node.js does not support a platform version if a vendor has expired support
for it. In other words, Node.js does not support running on End-of-Life (EoL)
platforms. This is true regardless of entries in the table below.

| Operating System | Architectures    | Versions                          | Support Type                                    | Notes                                |
| ---------------- | ---------------- | --------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------ |
| GNU/Linux        | x64              | kernel >= 4.18[^1], glibc >= 2.28 | Tier 1                                          | e.g. Ubuntu 20.04, Debian 10, RHEL 8 |
| GNU/Linux        | x64              | kernel >= 3.10, musl >= 1.1.19    | Experimental                                    | e.g. Alpine 3.8                      |
| GNU/Linux        | x86              | kernel >= 3.10, glibc >= 2.17     | Experimental                                    | Downgraded as of Node.js 10          |
| GNU/Linux        | arm64            | kernel >= 4.18[^1], glibc >= 2.28 | Tier 1                                          | e.g. Ubuntu 20.04, Debian 10, RHEL 8 |
| GNU/Linux        | armv7            | kernel >= 4.18[^1], glibc >= 2.28 | Tier 1                                          | e.g. Ubuntu 20.04, Debian 11         |
| GNU/Linux        | armv6            | kernel >= 4.14, glibc >= 2.24     | Experimental                                    | Downgraded as of Node.js 12          |
| GNU/Linux        | ppc64le >=power8 | kernel >= 4.18[^1], glibc >= 2.28 | Tier 2                                          | e.g. Ubuntu 20.04, RHEL 8            |
| GNU/Linux        | s390x            | kernel >= 4.18[^1], glibc >= 2.28 | Tier 2                                          | e.g. RHEL 8                          |
| Windows          | x64, x86 (WoW64) | >= Windows 10/Server 2016         | Tier 1                                          | [^2],[^3]                            |
| Windows          | x86 (native)     | >= Windows 10/Server 2016         | Tier 1 (running) / Experimental (compiling)[^4] |                                      |
| Windows          | x64, x86         | Windows 8.1/Server 2012           | Experimental                                    |                                      |
| Windows          | arm64            | >= Windows 10                     | Tier 2                                          |                                      |
| macOS            | x64              | >= 10.15                          | Tier 1                                          | For notes about compilation see [^5] |
| macOS            | arm64            | >= 11                             | Tier 1                                          |                                      |
| SmartOS          | x64              | >= 18                             | Tier 2                                          |                                      |
| AIX              | ppc64be >=power8 | >= 7.2 TL04                       | Tier 2                                          |                                      |
| FreeBSD          | x64              | >= 12.4                           | Experimental                                    |                                      |

[^1]: Older kernel versions may work. However official Node.js release
    binaries are [built on RHEL 8 systems](#official-binary-platforms-and-toolchains)
    with kernel 4.18.

[^2]: On Windows, running Node.js in Windows terminal emulators
    like `mintty` requires the usage of [winpty](https://github.com/rprichard/winpty)
    for the tty channels to work (e.g. `winpty node.exe script.js`).
    In "Git bash" if you call the node shell alias (`node` without the `.exe`
    extension), `winpty` is used automatically.

[^3]: The Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) is not
    supported, but the GNU/Linux build process and binaries should work. The
    community will only address issues that reproduce on native GNU/Linux
    systems. Issues that only reproduce on WSL should be reported in the
    [WSL issue tracker](https://github.com/Microsoft/WSL/issues). Running the
    Windows binary (`node.exe`) in WSL will not work without workarounds such as
    stdio redirection.

[^4]: Running Node.js on x86 Windows should work and binaries
    are provided. However, tests in our infrastructure only run on WoW64.
    Furthermore, compiling on x86 Windows is Experimental and
    may not be possible.

[^5]: Our macOS x64 Binaries are compiled with 10.15 as a target. Xcode11 is
    required to compile.

### Supported toolchains

Depending on the host platform, the selection of toolchains may vary.

| Operating System | Compiler Versions                                              |
| ---------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Linux            | GCC >= 10.1                                                    |
| Windows          | Visual Studio >= 2019 with the Windows 10 SDK on a 64-bit host |
| macOS            | Xcode >= 11 (Apple LLVM >= 11)                                 |

### Official binary platforms and toolchains

Binaries at <https://nodejs.org/download/release/> are produced on:

| Binary package          | Platform and Toolchain                                                                                      |
| ----------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| aix-ppc64               | AIX 7.2 TL04 on PPC64BE with GCC 10                                                                         |
| darwin-x64              | macOS 11, Xcode 12 with -mmacosx-version-min=10.15                                                          |
| darwin-arm64 (and .pkg) | macOS 11 (arm64), Xcode 12 with -mmacosx-version-min=10.15                                                  |
| linux-arm64             | RHEL 8 with GCC 10[^6]                                                                                      |
| linux-armv7l            | Cross-compiled on RHEL 8 x64 with [custom GCC toolchain](https://github.com/rvagg/rpi-newer-crosstools)[^7] |
| linux-ppc64le           | RHEL 8 with gcc-toolset-10[^6]                                                                              |
| linux-s390x             | RHEL 8 with gcc-toolset-10[^6]                                                                              |
| linux-x64               | RHEL 8 with gcc-toolset-10[^6]                                                                              |
| win-x64 and win-x86     | Windows 2012 R2 (x64) with Visual Studio 2019                                                               |

[^6]: Binaries produced on these systems are compatible with glibc >= 2.28
    and libstdc++ >= 6.0.25 (`GLIBCXX_3.4.25`). These are available on
    distributions natively supporting GCC 8.1 or higher, such as Debian 10,
    RHEL 8 and Ubuntu 20.04.

[^7]: Binaries produced on these systems are compatible with glibc >= 2.28
    and libstdc++ >= 6.0.28 (`GLIBCXX_3.4.28`). These are available on
    distributions natively supporting GCC 9.3 or higher, such as Debian 11,
    Ubuntu 20.04.

#### OpenSSL asm support

OpenSSL-1.1.1 requires the following assembler version for use of asm
support on x86\_64 and ia32.

For use of AVX-512,

* gas (GNU assembler) version 2.26 or higher
* nasm version 2.11.8 or higher in Windows

AVX-512 is disabled for Skylake-X by OpenSSL-1.1.1.

For use of AVX2,

* gas (GNU assembler) version 2.23 or higher
* Xcode version 5.0 or higher
* llvm version 3.3 or higher
* nasm version 2.10 or higher in Windows

Please refer to
<https://www.openssl.org/docs/man1.1.1/man3/OPENSSL_ia32cap.html> for details.

If compiling without one of the above, use `configure` with the
`--openssl-no-asm` flag. Otherwise, `configure` will fail.

### Previous versions of this document

Supported platforms and toolchains change with each major version of Node.js.
This document is only valid for the current major version of Node.js.
Consult previous versions of this document for older versions of Node.js:

* [Node.js 19](https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v19.x/BUILDING.md)
* [Node.js 18](https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v18.x/BUILDING.md)
* [Node.js 16](https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v16.x/BUILDING.md)

## Building Node.js on supported platforms

### Note about Python

The Node.js project supports Python >= 3 for building and testing.

### Unix and macOS

#### Unix prerequisites

* `gcc` and `g++` >= 10.1 or newer
* GNU Make 3.81 or newer
* Python >=3.6 <=3.11 (see note above)
  * For test coverage, your Python installation must include pip.

Installation via Linux package manager can be achieved with:

* Ubuntu, Debian: `sudo apt-get install python3 g++ make python3-pip`
* Fedora: `sudo dnf install python3 gcc-c++ make python3-pip`
* CentOS and RHEL: `sudo yum install python3 gcc-c++ make python3-pip`
* OpenSUSE: `sudo zypper install python3 gcc-c++ make python3-pip`
* Arch Linux, Manjaro: `sudo pacman -S python gcc make python-pip`

FreeBSD and OpenBSD users may also need to install `libexecinfo`.

#### macOS prerequisites

* Xcode Command Line Tools >= 11 for macOS
* Python >=3.6 <=3.11 (see note above)
  * For test coverage, your Python installation must include pip.

macOS users can install the `Xcode Command Line Tools` by running
`xcode-select --install`. Alternatively, if you already have the full Xcode
installed, you can find them under the menu `Xcode -> Open Developer Tool ->
More Developer Tools...`. This step will install `clang`, `clang++`, and
`make`.

#### Building Node.js

If the path to your build directory contains a space, the build will likely
fail.

To build Node.js:

```console
$ ./configure
$ make -j4
```

We can speed up the builds by using [Ninja](https://ninja-build.org/). For more
information, see
[Building Node.js with Ninja](doc/contributing/building-node-with-ninja.md).

The `-j4` option will cause `make` to run 4 simultaneous compilation jobs which
may reduce build time. For more information, see the
[GNU Make Documentation](https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/html_node/Parallel.html).

The above requires that `python` resolves to a supported version of
Python. See [Prerequisites](#prerequisites).

After building, setting up [firewall rules](tools/macos-firewall.sh) can avoid
popups asking to accept incoming network connections when running tests.

Running the following script on macOS will add the firewall rules for the
executable `node` in the `out` directory and the symbolic `node` link in the
project's root directory.

```console
$ sudo ./tools/macos-firewall.sh
```

#### Installing Node.js

To install this version of Node.js into a system directory:

```bash
[sudo] make install
```

#### Running tests

To verify the build:

```console
$ make test-only
```

At this point, you are ready to make code changes and re-run the tests.

If you are running tests before submitting a pull request, use:

```console
$ make -j4 test
```

`make -j4 test` does a full check on the codebase, including running linters and
documentation tests.

To run the linter without running tests, use
`make lint`/`vcbuild lint`. It will lint JavaScript, C++, and Markdown files.

If you are updating tests and want to run tests in a single test file
(e.g. `test/parallel/test-stream2-transform.js`):

```text
$ tools/test.py test/parallel/test-stream2-transform.js
```

You can execute the entire suite of tests for a given subsystem
by providing the name of a subsystem:

```text
$ tools/test.py child-process
```

You can also execute the tests in a test suite directory
(such as `test/message`):

```text
$ tools/test.py test/message
```

If you want to check the other options, please refer to the help by using
the `--help` option:

```text
$ tools/test.py --help
```

> Note: On Windows you should use `python3` executable.
> Example: `python3 tools/test.py test/message`

You can usually run tests directly with node:

```text
$ ./node test/parallel/test-stream2-transform.js
```

> Info: `./node` points to your local Node.js build.

Remember to recompile with `make -j4` in between test runs if you change code in
the `lib` or `src` directories.

The tests attempt to detect support for IPv6 and exclude IPv6 tests if
appropriate. If your main interface has IPv6 addresses, then your
loopback interface must also have '::1' enabled. For some default installations
on Ubuntu, that does not seem to be the case. To enable '::1' on the
loopback interface on Ubuntu:

```bash
sudo sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6=0
```

You can use
[node-code-ide-configs](https://github.com/nodejs/node-code-ide-configs)
to run/debug tests if your IDE configs are present.

#### Running coverage

It's good practice to ensure any code you add or change is covered by tests.
You can do so by running the test suite with coverage enabled:

```console
$ ./configure --coverage
$ make coverage
```

A detailed coverage report will be written to `coverage/index.html` for
JavaScript coverage and to `coverage/cxxcoverage.html` for C++ coverage.

If you only want to run the JavaScript tests then you do not need to run
the first command (`./configure --coverage`). Run `make coverage-run-js`,
to execute JavaScript tests independently of the C++ test suite:

```text
$ make coverage-run-js
```

If you are updating tests and want to collect coverage for a single test file
(e.g. `test/parallel/test-stream2-transform.js`):

```text
$ make coverage-clean
$ NODE_V8_COVERAGE=coverage/tmp tools/test.py test/parallel/test-stream2-transform.js
$ make coverage-report-js
```

You can collect coverage for the entire suite of tests for a given subsystem
by providing the name of a subsystem:

```text
$ make coverage-clean
$ NODE_V8_COVERAGE=coverage/tmp tools/test.py --mode=release child-process
$ make coverage-report-js
```

The `make coverage` command downloads some tools to the project root directory.
To clean up after generating the coverage reports:

```console
$ make coverage-clean
```

#### Building the documentation

To build the documentation:

This will build Node.js first (if necessary) and then use it to build the docs:

```bash
make doc
```

If you have an existing Node.js build, you can build just the docs with:

```bash
NODE=/path/to/node make doc-only
```

To read the man page:

```bash
man doc/node.1
```

If you prefer to read the full documentation in a browser, run the following.

```bash
make docserve
```

This will spin up a static file server and provide a URL to where you may browse
the documentation locally.

If you're comfortable viewing the documentation using the program your operating
system has associated with the default web browser, run the following.

```bash
make docopen
```

This will open a file URL to a one-page version of all the browsable HTML
documents using the default browser.

To test if Node.js was built correctly:

```bash
./node -e "console.log('Hello from Node.js ' + process.version)"
```

#### Building a debug build

If you run into an issue where the information provided by the JS stack trace
is not enough, or if you suspect the error happens outside of the JS VM, you
can try to build a debug enabled binary:

```console
$ ./configure --debug
$ make -j4
```

`make` with `./configure --debug` generates two binaries, the regular release
one in `out/Release/node` and a debug binary in `out/Debug/node`, only the
release version is actually installed when you run `make install`.

To use the debug build with all the normal dependencies overwrite the release
version in the install directory:

```console
$ make install PREFIX=/opt/node-debug/
$ cp -a -f out/Debug/node /opt/node-debug/node
```

When using the debug binary, core dumps will be generated in case of crashes.
These core dumps are useful for debugging when provided with the
corresponding original debug binary and system information.

Reading the core dump requires `gdb` built on the same platform the core dump
was captured on (i.e. 64-bit `gdb` for `node` built on a 64-bit system, Linux
`gdb` for `node` built on Linux) otherwise you will get errors like
`not in executable format: File format not recognized`.

Example of generating a backtrace from the core dump:

```console
$ gdb /opt/node-debug/node core.node.8.1535359906
$ backtrace
```

#### Building an ASan build

[ASan](https://github.com/google/sanitizers) can help detect various memory
related bugs. ASan builds are currently only supported on linux.
If you want to check it on Windows or macOS or you want a consistent toolchain
on Linux, you can try [Docker](https://www.docker.com/products/docker-desktop)
(using an image like `gengjiawen/node-build:2020-02-14`).

The `--debug` is not necessary and will slow down build and testing, but it can
show clear stacktrace if ASan hits an issue.

```console
$  ./configure --debug --enable-asan && make -j4
$ make test-only
```

#### Speeding up frequent rebuilds when developing

If you plan to frequently rebuild Node.js, especially if using several branches,
installing `ccache` can help to greatly reduce build times. Set up with:

On GNU/Linux:

```bash
sudo apt install ccache   # for Debian/Ubuntu, included in most Linux distros
export CC="ccache gcc"    # add to your .profile
export CXX="ccache g++"   # add to your .profile
```

On macOS:

```bash
brew install ccache      # see https://brew.sh
export CC="ccache cc"    # add to ~/.zshrc or other shell config file
export CXX="ccache c++"  # add to ~/.zshrc or other shell config file
```

This will allow for near-instantaneous rebuilds even when switching branches.

When modifying only the JS layer in `lib`, it is possible to externally load it
without modifying the executable:

```console
$ ./configure --node-builtin-modules-path "$(pwd)"
```

The resulting binary won't include any JS files and will try to load them from
the specified directory. The JS debugger of Visual Studio Code supports this
configuration since the November 2020 version and allows for setting
breakpoints.

#### Troubleshooting Unix and macOS builds

Stale builds can sometimes result in `file not found` errors while building.
This and some other problems can be resolved with `make distclean`. The
`distclean` recipe aggressively removes build artifacts. You will need to
build again (`make -j4`). Since all build artifacts have been removed, this
rebuild may take a lot more time than previous builds. Additionally,
`distclean` removes the file that stores the results of `./configure`. If you
ran `./configure` with non-default options (such as `--debug`), you will need
to run it again before invoking `make -j4`.

### Windows

#### Prerequisites

##### Option 1: Manual install

* [Python 3.11](https://apps.microsoft.com/store/detail/python-311/9NRWMJP3717K)
* The "Desktop development with C++" workload from
  [Visual Studio 2019](https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/vs/older-downloads/#visual-studio-2019-and-other-products) or
  the "C++ build tools" workload from the
  [Build Tools](https://aka.ms/vs/16/release/vs_buildtools.exe),
  with the default optional components
* Basic Unix tools required for some tests,
  [Git for Windows](https://git-scm.com/download/win) includes Git Bash
  and tools which can be included in the global `PATH`.
* The [NetWide Assembler](https://www.nasm.us/), for OpenSSL assembler modules.
  If not installed in the default location, it needs to be manually added
  to `PATH`. A build with the `openssl-no-asm` option does not need this, nor
  does a build targeting ARM64 Windows.

Optional requirements to build the MSI installer package:

* The .NET SDK component from [Visual Studio 2019](https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/vs/older-downloads/#visual-studio-2019-and-other-products)

Optional requirements for compiling for Windows 10 on ARM (ARM64):

* Visual Studio 15.9.0 or newer
* Visual Studio optional components
  * Visual C++ compilers and libraries for ARM64
  * Visual C++ ATL for ARM64
* Windows 10 SDK 10.0.17763.0 or newer

##### Option 2: Automated install with Boxstarter

A [Boxstarter](https://boxstarter.org/) script can be used for easy setup of
Windows systems with all the required prerequisites for Node.js development.
This script will install the following [Chocolatey](https://chocolatey.org/)
packages:

* [Git for Windows](https://chocolatey.org/packages/git) with the `git` and
  Unix tools added to the `PATH`
* [Python 3.x](https://chocolatey.org/packages/python)
* [Visual Studio 2019 Build Tools](https://chocolatey.org/packages/visualstudio2019buildtools)
  with [Visual C++ workload](https://chocolatey.org/packages/visualstudio2019-workload-vctools)
* [NetWide Assembler](https://chocolatey.org/packages/nasm)

To install Node.js prerequisites using
[Boxstarter WebLauncher](https://boxstarter.org/weblauncher), open
<https://boxstarter.org/package/nr/url?https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nodejs/node/HEAD/tools/bootstrap/windows_boxstarter>
with Internet Explorer or Edge browser on the target machine.

Alternatively, you can use PowerShell. Run those commands from an elevated
PowerShell terminal:

```powershell
Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted -Force
iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://boxstarter.org/bootstrapper.ps1'))
get-boxstarter -Force
Install-BoxstarterPackage https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nodejs/node/HEAD/tools/bootstrap/windows_boxstarter -DisableReboots
refreshenv
```

The entire installation using Boxstarter will take up approximately 10 GB of
disk space.

#### Building Node.js

If the path to your build directory contains a space or a non-ASCII character,
the build will likely fail.

```console
> .\vcbuild
```

To run the tests:

```console
> .\vcbuild test
```

To test if Node.js was built correctly:

```console
> Release\node -e "console.log('Hello from Node.js', process.version)"
```

### Android

Android is not a supported platform. Patches to improve the Android build are
welcome. There is no testing on Android in the current continuous integration
environment. The participation of people dedicated and determined to improve
Android building, testing, and support is encouraged.

Be sure you have downloaded and extracted
[Android NDK](https://developer.android.com/ndk) before in
a folder. Then run:

```console
$ ./android-configure <path to the Android NDK> <Android SDK version> <target architecture>
$ make -j4
```

The Android SDK version should be at least 24 (Android 7.0) and the target
architecture supports \[arm, arm64/aarch64, x86, x86\_64].

## `Intl` (ECMA-402) support

[Intl](https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/HEAD/doc/api/intl.md) support is
enabled by default.

### Build with full ICU support (all locales supported by ICU)

This is the default option.

#### Unix/macOS

```console
$ ./configure --with-intl=full-icu
```

#### Windows

```console
> .\vcbuild full-icu
```

### Trimmed: `small-icu` (English only) support

In this configuration, only English data is included, but
the full `Intl` (ECMA-402) APIs.  It does not need to download
any dependencies to function. You can add full data at runtime.

#### Unix/macOS

```console
$ ./configure --with-intl=small-icu
```

#### Windows

```console
> .\vcbuild small-icu
```

### Building without Intl support

The `Intl` object will not be available, nor some other APIs such as
`String.normalize`.

#### Unix/macOS

```console
$ ./configure --without-intl
```

#### Windows

```console
> .\vcbuild without-intl
```

### Use existing installed ICU (Unix/macOS only)

```console
$ pkg-config --modversion icu-i18n && ./configure --with-intl=system-icu
```

If you are cross-compiling, your `pkg-config` must be able to supply a path
that works for both your host and target environments.

### Build with a specific ICU

You can find other ICU releases at
[the ICU homepage](http://site.icu-project.org/download).
Download the file named something like `icu4c-**##.#**-src.tgz` (or
`.zip`).

To check the minimum recommended ICU, run `./configure --help` and see
the help for the `--with-icu-source` option. A warning will be printed
during configuration if the ICU version is too old.

#### Unix/macOS

From an already-unpacked ICU:

```console
$ ./configure --with-intl=[small-icu,full-icu] --with-icu-source=/path/to/icu
```

From a local ICU tarball:

```console
$ ./configure --with-intl=[small-icu,full-icu] --with-icu-source=/path/to/icu.tgz
```

From a tarball URL:

```console
$ ./configure --with-intl=full-icu --with-icu-source=http://url/to/icu.tgz
```

#### Windows

First unpack latest ICU to `deps/icu`
[icu4c-**##.#**-src.tgz](http://site.icu-project.org/download) (or `.zip`)
as `deps/icu` (You'll have: `deps/icu/source/...`)

```console
> .\vcbuild full-icu
```

### Configure OpenSSL appname

Node.js can use an OpenSSL configuration file by specifying the environment
variable `OPENSSL_CONF`, or using the command line option `--openssl-conf`, and
if none of those are specified will default to reading the default OpenSSL
configuration file `openssl.cnf`. Node.js will only read a section that is by
default named `nodejs_conf`, but this name can be overridden using the following
configure option:

```console
$ ./configure --openssl-conf-name=<some_conf_name>
```

## Building Node.js with FIPS-compliant OpenSSL

The current version of Node.js supports FIPS when statically and
dynamically linking with OpenSSL 3.0.0 by using the configuration flag
`--openssl-is-fips`.

### FIPS support when statically linking OpenSSL

FIPS can be supported by specifying the configuration flag `--openssl-is-fips`:

```console
$ ./configure --openssl-is-fips
$ make -j8
```

The above command will build and install the FIPS module into the out directory.
This includes building fips.so, running the `installfips` command that generates
the FIPS configuration file (fipsmodule.cnf), copying and updating openssl.cnf
to include the correct path to fipsmodule.cnf and finally uncomment the fips
section.

We can then run node specifying `--enable-fips`:

```console
$ ./node --enable-fips  -p 'crypto.getFips()'
1
```

The above will use the Node.js default locations for OpenSSL 3.0:

```console
$ ./out/Release/openssl-cli version -m -d
OPENSSLDIR: "/nodejs/openssl/out/Release/obj.target/deps/openssl"
MODULESDIR: "/nodejs/openssl/out/Release/obj.target/deps/openssl/lib/openssl-modules"
```

The OpenSSL configuration files will be found in `OPENSSLDIR` directory above:

```console
$ ls -w 1 out/Release/obj.target/deps/openssl/*.cnf
out/Release/obj.target/deps/openssl/fipsmodule.cnf
out/Release/obj.target/deps/openssl/openssl.cnf
```

And the FIPS module will be located in the `MODULESDIR` directory:

```console
$ ls out/Release/obj.target/deps/openssl/lib/openssl-modules/
fips.so
```

Running `configure` without `--openssl-is-fips` flag and rebuilding will reset
the FIPS configuration.

### FIPS support when dynamically linking OpenSSL

For quictls/openssl 3.0 it is possible to enable FIPS when dynamically linking.
If you want to build Node.js using openssl-3.0.0+quic, you can follow these
steps:

**clone OpenSSL source and prepare build**

```bash
git clone git@github.com:quictls/openssl.git

cd openssl

./config \
  --prefix=/path/to/install/dir/ \
  shared \
  enable-fips \
  linux-x86_64
```

The `/path/to/install/dir` is the path in which the `make install` instructions
will publish the OpenSSL libraries and such. We will also use this path
(and sub-paths) later when compiling Node.js.

**compile and install OpenSSL**

```console
make -j8
make install
make install_ssldirs
make install_fips
```

After the OpenSSL (including FIPS) modules have been compiled and installed
(into the `/path/to/install/dir`) by the above instructions we also need to
update the OpenSSL configuration file located under
`/path/to/install/dir/ssl/openssl.cnf`. Right next to this file, you should
find the `fipsmodule.cnf` file - let's add the following to the end of the
`openssl.cnf` file.

**alter openssl.cnf**

```text
.include /absolute/path/to/fipsmodule.cnf

# List of providers to load
[provider_sect]
default = default_sect
# The fips section name should match the section name inside the
# included /path/to/install/dir/ssl/fipsmodule.cnf.
fips = fips_sect

[default_sect]
activate = 1
```

You can e.g. accomplish this by running the following command - be sure to
replace `/path/to/install/dir/` with the path you have selected. Please make
sure that you specify an absolute path for the `.include fipsmodule.cnf` line -
using relative paths did not work on my system!

**alter openssl.cnf using a script**

```console
cat <<EOT >> /path/to/install/dir/ssl/openssl.cnf
.include /path/to/install/dir/ssl/fipsmodule.cnf

# List of providers to load
[provider_sect]
default = default_sect
# The fips section name should match the section name inside the
# included /path/to/install/dir/ssl/fipsmodule.cnf.
fips = fips_sect

[default_sect]
activate = 1
EOT
```

As you might have picked a non-custom path for your OpenSSL install dir, we
have to export the following two environment variables in order for Node.js to
find our OpenSSL modules we built beforehand:

```console
export OPENSSL_CONF=/path/to/install/dir/ssl/openssl.cnf
export OPENSSL_MODULES=/path/to/install/dir/lib/ossl-modules
```

**build Node.js**

```console
./configure \
  --shared-openssl \
  --shared-openssl-libpath=/path/to/install/dir/lib \
  --shared-openssl-includes=/path/to/install/dir/include \
  --shared-openssl-libname=crypto,ssl \
  --openssl-is-fips

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/path/to/install/dir/lib

make -j8
```

**verify the produced executable**

```console
ldd ./node
    linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffd7917b000)
    libcrypto.so.81.3 => /path/to/install/dir/lib/libcrypto.so.81.3 (0x00007fd911321000)
    libssl.so.81.3 => /path/to/install/dir/lib/libssl.so.81.3 (0x00007fd91125e000)
    libdl.so.2 => /usr/lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007fd911232000)
    libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007fd911039000)
    libm.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007fd910ef3000)
    libgcc_s.so.1 => /usr/lib64/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007fd910ed9000)
    libpthread.so.0 => /usr/lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007fd910eb5000)
    libc.so.6 => /usr/lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007fd910cec000)
    /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fd9117f2000)
```

If the `ldd` command says that `libcrypto` cannot be found one needs to set
`LD_LIBRARY_PATH` to point to the directory used above for
`--shared-openssl-libpath` (see previous step).

**verify the OpenSSL version**

```console
./node -p process.versions.openssl
3.0.0-alpha16+quic
```

**verify that FIPS is available**

```console
./node -p 'process.config.variables.openssl_is_fips'
true

./node --enable-fips -p 'crypto.getFips()'
1
```

FIPS support can then be enable via the OpenSSL configuration file or
using `--enable-fips` or `--force-fips` command line options to the Node.js
executable. See sections
[Enabling FIPS using Node.js options](#enabling-fips-using-node.js-options) and
[Enabling FIPS using OpenSSL config](#enabling-fips-using-openssl-config) below.

### Enabling FIPS using Node.js options

This is done using one of the Node.js options `--enable-fips` or
`--force-fips`, for example:

```console
$ node --enable-fips -p 'crypto.getFips()'
```

### Enabling FIPS using OpenSSL config

This example show that using OpenSSL's configuration file, FIPS can be enabled
without specifying the `--enable-fips` or `--force-fips` options by setting
`default_properties = fips=yes` in the FIPS configuration file. See
[link](https://github.com/openssl/openssl/blob/master/README-FIPS.md#loading-the-fips-module-at-the-same-time-as-other-providers)
for details.

For this to work the OpenSSL configuration file (default openssl.cnf) needs to
be updated. The following shows an example:

```console
openssl_conf = openssl_init

.include /path/to/install/dir/ssl/fipsmodule.cnf

[openssl_init]
providers = prov
alg_section = algorithm_sect

[prov]
fips = fips_sect
default = default_sect

[default_sect]
activate = 1

[algorithm_sect]
default_properties = fips=yes
```

After this change Node.js can be run without the `--enable-fips` or `--force-fips`
options.

## Building Node.js with external core modules

It is possible to specify one or more JavaScript text files to be bundled in
the binary as built-in modules when building Node.js.

### Unix/macOS

This command will make `/root/myModule.js` available via
`require('/root/myModule')` and `./myModule2.js` available via
`require('myModule2')`.

```console
$ ./configure --link-module '/root/myModule.js' --link-module './myModule2.js'
```

### Windows

To make `./myModule.js` available via `require('myModule')` and
`./myModule2.js` available via `require('myModule2')`:

```console
> .\vcbuild link-module './myModule.js' link-module './myModule2.js'
```

## Building to use shared dependencies at runtime

By default Node.js is built so that all dependencies are bundled into
the Node.js binary itself. This provides a single binary that includes
the correct versions of all dependencies on which it depends.

Some Node.js distributions, however, prefer to manage dependencies.
A number of `configure` options are provided to support this use case.

* For dependencies with native code, the first set of options allow
  Node.js to be built so that it uses a shared library
  at runtime instead of building and including the dependency
  in the Node.js binary itself. These options are in the
  `Shared libraries` section of the `configure` help
  (run `./configure --help` to get the complete list).
  They provide the ability to enable the use of a shared library,
  to set the name of the shared library, and to set the paths that
  contain the include and shared library files.

* For dependencies with JavaScript code (including WASM), the second
  set of options allow the Node.js binary to be built so that it loads
  the JavaScript for dependencies at runtime instead of being built into
  the Node.js binary itself. These options are in the `Shared builtins`
  section of the `configure` help
  (run `./configure --help` to get the complete list). They
  provide the ability to set the path to an external JavaScript file
  for the dependency to be used at runtime.

It is the responsibility of any distribution
shipping with these options to:

* ensure that the shared dependencies available at runtime
  match what is expected by the Node.js binary. A
  mismatch may result in crashes or unexpected behavior.
* fully test that Node.js operates as expected with the
  external dependencies. There may be little or no test coverage
  within the Node.js project CI for these non-default options.

## Note for downstream distributors of Node.js

The Node.js ecosystem is reliant on ABI compatibility within a major release.
To maintain ABI compatibility it is required that distributed builds of Node.js
be built against the same version of dependencies, or similar versions that do
not break their ABI compatibility, as those released by Node.js for any given
`NODE_MODULE_VERSION` (located in `src/node_version.h`).

When Node.js is built (with an intention to distribute) with an ABI
incompatible with the official Node.js builds (e.g. using a ABI incompatible
version of a dependency), please reserve and use a custom `NODE_MODULE_VERSION`
by opening a pull request against the registry available at
<https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/HEAD/doc/abi_version_registry.json>.