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diff --git a/doc/pcretest.txt b/doc/pcretest.txt index 6d7305c..835ee58 100644 --- a/doc/pcretest.txt +++ b/doc/pcretest.txt @@ -47,15 +47,15 @@ INPUT DATA FORMAT PCRE's 8-BIT, 16-BIT AND 32-BIT LIBRARIES From release 8.30, two separate PCRE libraries can be built. The origi- - nal one supports 8-bit character strings, whereas the newer 16-bit - library supports character strings encoded in 16-bit units. From - release 8.32, a third library can be built, supporting character - strings encoded in 32-bit units. The pcretest program can be used to - test all three libraries. However, it is itself still an 8-bit program, - reading 8-bit input and writing 8-bit output. When testing the 16-bit - or 32-bit library, the patterns and data strings are converted to 16- - or 32-bit format before being passed to the PCRE library functions. - Results are converted to 8-bit for output. + nal one supports 8-bit character strings, whereas the newer 16-bit li- + brary supports character strings encoded in 16-bit units. From release + 8.32, a third library can be built, supporting character strings en- + coded in 32-bit units. The pcretest program can be used to test all + three libraries. However, it is itself still an 8-bit program, reading + 8-bit input and writing 8-bit output. When testing the 16-bit or + 32-bit library, the patterns and data strings are converted to 16- or + 32-bit format before being passed to the PCRE library functions. Re- + sults are converted to 8-bit for output. References to functions and structures of the form pcre[16|32]_xx below mean "pcre_xx when using the 8-bit library, pcre16_xx when using the @@ -64,34 +64,31 @@ PCRE's 8-BIT, 16-BIT AND 32-BIT LIBRARIES COMMAND LINE OPTIONS - -8 If both the 8-bit library has been built, this option causes - the 8-bit library to be used (which is the default); if the - 8-bit library has not been built, this option causes an - error. + -8 If the 8-bit library has been built, this option causes it to + be used (this is the default). If the 8-bit library has not + been built, this option causes an error. - -16 If both the 8-bit or the 32-bit, and the 16-bit libraries - have been built, this option causes the 16-bit library to be - used. If only the 16-bit library has been built, this is the - default (so has no effect). If only the 8-bit or the 32-bit - library has been built, this option causes an error. + -16 If the 16-bit library has been built, this option causes it + to be used. If only the 16-bit library has been built, this + is the default. If the 16-bit library has not been built, + this option causes an error. - -32 If both the 8-bit or the 16-bit, and the 32-bit libraries - have been built, this option causes the 32-bit library to be - used. If only the 32-bit library has been built, this is the - default (so has no effect). If only the 8-bit or the 16-bit - library has been built, this option causes an error. + -32 If the 32-bit library has been built, this option causes it + to be used. If only the 32-bit library has been built, this + is the default. If the 32-bit library has not been built, + this option causes an error. - -b Behave as if each pattern has the /B (show byte code) modi- + -b Behave as if each pattern has the /B (show byte code) modi- fier; the internal form is output after compilation. -C Output the version number of the PCRE library, and all avail- - able information about the optional features that are - included, and then exit with zero exit code. All other - options are ignored. + able information about the optional features that are in- + cluded, and then exit with zero exit code. All other options + are ignored. - -C option Output information about a specific build-time option, then - exit. This functionality is intended for use in scripts such - as RunTest. The following options output the value and set + -C option Output information about a specific build-time option, then + exit. This functionality is intended for use in scripts such + as RunTest. The following options output the value and set the exit code as indicated: ebcdic-nl the code for LF (= NL) in an EBCDIC environment: @@ -107,7 +104,7 @@ COMMAND LINE OPTIONS ANYCRLF or ANY exit code is always 0 - The following options output 1 for true or 0 for false, and + The following options output 1 for true or 0 for false, and set the exit code to the same value: ebcdic compiled for an EBCDIC environment @@ -119,61 +116,61 @@ COMMAND LINE OPTIONS utf UTF-8 and/or UTF-16 and/or UTF-32 support is available - If an unknown option is given, an error message is output; + If an unknown option is given, an error message is output; the exit code is 0. - -d Behave as if each pattern has the /D (debug) modifier; the - internal form and information about the compiled pattern is + -d Behave as if each pattern has the /D (debug) modifier; the + internal form and information about the compiled pattern is output after compilation; -d is equivalent to -b -i. - -dfa Behave as if each data line contains the \D escape sequence; + -dfa Behave as if each data line contains the \D escape sequence; this causes the alternative matching function, - pcre[16|32]_dfa_exec(), to be used instead of the standard + pcre[16|32]_dfa_exec(), to be used instead of the standard pcre[16|32]_exec() function (more detail is given below). -help Output a brief summary these options and then exit. - -i Behave as if each pattern has the /I modifier; information + -i Behave as if each pattern has the /I modifier; information about the compiled pattern is given after compilation. - -M Behave as if each data line contains the \M escape sequence; - this causes PCRE to discover the minimum MATCH_LIMIT and - MATCH_LIMIT_RECURSION settings by calling pcre[16|32]_exec() + -M Behave as if each data line contains the \M escape sequence; + this causes PCRE to discover the minimum MATCH_LIMIT and + MATCH_LIMIT_RECURSION settings by calling pcre[16|32]_exec() repeatedly with different limits. - -m Output the size of each compiled pattern after it has been - compiled. This is equivalent to adding /M to each regular - expression. The size is given in bytes for both libraries. + -m Output the size of each compiled pattern after it has been + compiled. This is equivalent to adding /M to each regular ex- + pression. The size is given in bytes for both libraries. - -O Behave as if each pattern has the /O modifier, that is dis- + -O Behave as if each pattern has the /O modifier, that is dis- able auto-possessification for all patterns. - -o osize Set the number of elements in the output vector that is used - when calling pcre[16|32]_exec() or pcre[16|32]_dfa_exec() to - be osize. The default value is 45, which is enough for 14 + -o osize Set the number of elements in the output vector that is used + when calling pcre[16|32]_exec() or pcre[16|32]_dfa_exec() to + be osize. The default value is 45, which is enough for 14 capturing subexpressions for pcre[16|32]_exec() or 22 differ- - ent matches for pcre[16|32]_dfa_exec(). The vector size can - be changed for individual matching calls by including \O in + ent matches for pcre[16|32]_dfa_exec(). The vector size can + be changed for individual matching calls by including \O in the data line (see below). - -p Behave as if each pattern has the /P modifier; the POSIX - wrapper API is used to call PCRE. None of the other options - has any effect when -p is set. This option can be used only + -p Behave as if each pattern has the /P modifier; the POSIX + wrapper API is used to call PCRE. None of the other options + has any effect when -p is set. This option can be used only with the 8-bit library. - -q Do not output the version number of pcretest at the start of + -q Do not output the version number of pcretest at the start of execution. - -S size On Unix-like systems, set the size of the run-time stack to + -S size On Unix-like systems, set the size of the run-time stack to size megabytes. - -s or -s+ Behave as if each pattern has the /S modifier; in other - words, force each pattern to be studied. If -s+ is used, all - the JIT compile options are passed to pcre[16|32]_study(), - causing just-in-time optimization to be set up if it is - available, for both full and partial matching. Specific JIT + -s or -s+ Behave as if each pattern has the /S modifier; in other + words, force each pattern to be studied. If -s+ is used, all + the JIT compile options are passed to pcre[16|32]_study(), + causing just-in-time optimization to be set up if it is + available, for both full and partial matching. Specific JIT compile options can be selected by following -s+ with a digit - in the range 1 to 7, which selects the JIT compile modes as + in the range 1 to 7, which selects the JIT compile modes as follows: 1 normal match only @@ -183,119 +180,119 @@ COMMAND LINE OPTIONS 6 soft and hard partial match 7 all three modes (default) - If -s++ is used instead of -s+ (with or without a following - digit), the text "(JIT)" is added to the first output line + If -s++ is used instead of -s+ (with or without a following + digit), the text "(JIT)" is added to the first output line after a match or no match when JIT-compiled code was actually used. - Note that there are pattern options that can override -s, - either specifying no studying at all, or suppressing JIT com- - pilation. - - If the /I or /D option is present on a pattern (requesting - output about the compiled pattern), information about the - result of studying is not included when studying is caused - only by -s and neither -i nor -d is present on the command - line. This behaviour means that the output from tests that - are run with and without -s should be identical, except when - options that output information about the actual running of a - match are set. - - The -M, -t, and -tm options, which give information about - resources used, are likely to produce different output with - and without -s. Output may also differ if the /C option is + Note that there are pattern options that can override -s, ei- + ther specifying no studying at all, or suppressing JIT compi- + lation. + + If the /I or /D option is present on a pattern (requesting + output about the compiled pattern), information about the re- + sult of studying is not included when studying is caused only + by -s and neither -i nor -d is present on the command line. + This behaviour means that the output from tests that are run + with and without -s should be identical, except when options + that output information about the actual running of a match + are set. + + The -M, -t, and -tm options, which give information about re- + sources used, are likely to produce different output with and + without -s. Output may also differ if the /C option is present on an individual pattern. This uses callouts to trace - the the matching process, and this may be different between - studied and non-studied patterns. If the pattern contains - (*MARK) items there may also be differences, for the same + the the matching process, and this may be different between + studied and non-studied patterns. If the pattern contains + (*MARK) items there may also be differences, for the same reason. The -s command line option can be overridden for spe- - cific patterns that should never be studied (see the /S pat- + cific patterns that should never be studied (see the /S pat- tern modifier below). - -t Run each compile, study, and match many times with a timer, - and output the resulting times per compile, study, or match - (in milliseconds). Do not set -m with -t, because you will + -t Run each compile, study, and match many times with a timer, + and output the resulting times per compile, study, or match + (in milliseconds). Do not set -m with -t, because you will then get the size output a zillion times, and the timing will - be distorted. You can control the number of iterations that + be distorted. You can control the number of iterations that are used for timing by following -t with a number (as a sepa- - rate item on the command line). For example, "-t 1000" iter- + rate item on the command line). For example, "-t 1000" iter- ates 1000 times. The default is to iterate 500000 times. -tm This is like -t except that it times only the matching phase, not the compile or study phases. - -T -TM These behave like -t and -tm, but in addition, at the end of + -T -TM These behave like -t and -tm, but in addition, at the end of a run, the total times for all compiles, studies, and matches are output. DESCRIPTION - If pcretest is given two filename arguments, it reads from the first + If pcretest is given two filename arguments, it reads from the first and writes to the second. If it is given only one filename argument, it - reads from that file and writes to stdout. Otherwise, it reads from - stdin and writes to stdout, and prompts for each line of input, using + reads from that file and writes to stdout. Otherwise, it reads from + stdin and writes to stdout, and prompts for each line of input, using "re>" to prompt for regular expressions, and "data>" to prompt for data lines. - When pcretest is built, a configuration option can specify that it - should be linked with the libreadline library. When this is done, if + When pcretest is built, a configuration option can specify that it + should be linked with the libreadline library. When this is done, if the input is from a terminal, it is read using the readline() function. - This provides line-editing and history facilities. The output from the + This provides line-editing and history facilities. The output from the -help option states whether or not readline() will be used. The program handles any number of sets of input on a single input file. - Each set starts with a regular expression, and continues with any num- + Each set starts with a regular expression, and continues with any num- ber of data lines to be matched against that pattern. - Each data line is matched separately and independently. If you want to + Each data line is matched separately and independently. If you want to do multi-line matches, you have to use the \n escape sequence (or \r or \r\n, etc., depending on the newline setting) in a single line of input - to encode the newline sequences. There is no limit on the length of - data lines; the input buffer is automatically extended if it is too + to encode the newline sequences. There is no limit on the length of + data lines; the input buffer is automatically extended if it is too small. - An empty line signals the end of the data lines, at which point a new - regular expression is read. The regular expressions are given enclosed + An empty line signals the end of the data lines, at which point a new + regular expression is read. The regular expressions are given enclosed in any non-alphanumeric delimiters other than backslash, for example: /(a|bc)x+yz/ - White space before the initial delimiter is ignored. A regular expres- - sion may be continued over several input lines, in which case the new- - line characters are included within it. It is possible to include the + White space before the initial delimiter is ignored. A regular expres- + sion may be continued over several input lines, in which case the new- + line characters are included within it. It is possible to include the delimiter within the pattern by escaping it, for example /abc\/def/ - If you do so, the escape and the delimiter form part of the pattern, - but since delimiters are always non-alphanumeric, this does not affect - its interpretation. If the terminating delimiter is immediately fol- + If you do so, the escape and the delimiter form part of the pattern, + but since delimiters are always non-alphanumeric, this does not affect + its interpretation. If the terminating delimiter is immediately fol- lowed by a backslash, for example, /abc/\ - then a backslash is added to the end of the pattern. This is done to - provide a way of testing the error condition that arises if a pattern + then a backslash is added to the end of the pattern. This is done to + provide a way of testing the error condition that arises if a pattern finishes with a backslash, because /abc\/ - is interpreted as the first line of a pattern that starts with "abc/", + is interpreted as the first line of a pattern that starts with "abc/", causing pcretest to read the next line as a continuation of the regular expression. PATTERN MODIFIERS - A pattern may be followed by any number of modifiers, which are mostly - single characters, though some of these can be qualified by further - characters. Following Perl usage, these are referred to below as, for - example, "the /i modifier", even though the delimiter of the pattern - need not always be a slash, and no slash is used when writing modi- - fiers. White space may appear between the final pattern delimiter and - the first modifier, and between the modifiers themselves. For refer- - ence, here is a complete list of modifiers. They fall into several + A pattern may be followed by any number of modifiers, which are mostly + single characters, though some of these can be qualified by further + characters. Following Perl usage, these are referred to below as, for + example, "the /i modifier", even though the delimiter of the pattern + need not always be a slash, and no slash is used when writing modi- + fiers. White space may appear between the final pattern delimiter and + the first modifier, and between the modifiers themselves. For refer- + ence, here is a complete list of modifiers. They fall into several groups that are described in detail in the following sections. /8 set UTF mode @@ -347,8 +344,8 @@ PATTERN MODIFIERS Perl-compatible modifiers The /i, /m, /s, and /x modifiers set the PCRE_CASELESS, PCRE_MULTILINE, - PCRE_DOTALL, or PCRE_EXTENDED options, respectively, when - pcre[16|32]_compile() is called. These four modifier letters have the + PCRE_DOTALL, or PCRE_EXTENDED options, respectively, when + pcre[16|32]_compile() is called. These four modifier letters have the same effect as they do in Perl. For example: /caseless/i @@ -356,7 +353,7 @@ PATTERN MODIFIERS Modifiers for other PCRE options - The following table shows additional modifiers for setting PCRE com- + The following table shows additional modifiers for setting PCRE com- pile-time options that do not correspond to anything in Perl: /8 PCRE_UTF8 ) when using the 8-bit @@ -389,145 +386,145 @@ PATTERN MODIFIERS /<bsr_unicode> PCRE_BSR_UNICODE /<JS> PCRE_JAVASCRIPT_COMPAT - The modifiers that are enclosed in angle brackets are literal strings - as shown, including the angle brackets, but the letters within can be - in either case. This example sets multiline matching with CRLF as the + The modifiers that are enclosed in angle brackets are literal strings + as shown, including the angle brackets, but the letters within can be + in either case. This example sets multiline matching with CRLF as the line ending sequence: /^abc/m<CRLF> - As well as turning on the PCRE_UTF8/16/32 option, the /8 modifier - causes all non-printing characters in output strings to be printed - using the \x{hh...} notation. Otherwise, those less than 0x100 are out- - put in hex without the curly brackets. + As well as turning on the PCRE_UTF8/16/32 option, the /8 modifier + causes all non-printing characters in output strings to be printed us- + ing the \x{hh...} notation. Otherwise, those less than 0x100 are output + in hex without the curly brackets. - Full details of the PCRE options are given in the pcreapi documenta- + Full details of the PCRE options are given in the pcreapi documenta- tion. Finding all matches in a string - Searching for all possible matches within each subject string can be - requested by the /g or /G modifier. After finding a match, PCRE is + Searching for all possible matches within each subject string can be + requested by the /g or /G modifier. After finding a match, PCRE is called again to search the remainder of the subject string. The differ- ence between /g and /G is that the former uses the startoffset argument - to pcre[16|32]_exec() to start searching at a new point within the - entire string (which is in effect what Perl does), whereas the latter - passes over a shortened substring. This makes a difference to the - matching process if the pattern begins with a lookbehind assertion - (including \b or \B). - - If any call to pcre[16|32]_exec() in a /g or /G sequence matches an - empty string, the next call is done with the PCRE_NOTEMPTY_ATSTART and - PCRE_ANCHORED flags set in order to search for another, non-empty, - match at the same point. If this second match fails, the start offset - is advanced, and the normal match is retried. This imitates the way + to pcre[16|32]_exec() to start searching at a new point within the en- + tire string (which is in effect what Perl does), whereas the latter + passes over a shortened substring. This makes a difference to the + matching process if the pattern begins with a lookbehind assertion (in- + cluding \b or \B). + + If any call to pcre[16|32]_exec() in a /g or /G sequence matches an + empty string, the next call is done with the PCRE_NOTEMPTY_ATSTART and + PCRE_ANCHORED flags set in order to search for another, non-empty, + match at the same point. If this second match fails, the start offset + is advanced, and the normal match is retried. This imitates the way Perl handles such cases when using the /g modifier or the split() func- - tion. Normally, the start offset is advanced by one character, but if - the newline convention recognizes CRLF as a newline, and the current + tion. Normally, the start offset is advanced by one character, but if + the newline convention recognizes CRLF as a newline, and the current character is CR followed by LF, an advance of two is used. Other modifiers There are yet more modifiers for controlling the way pcretest operates. - The /+ modifier requests that as well as outputting the substring that - matched the entire pattern, pcretest should in addition output the - remainder of the subject string. This is useful for tests where the - subject contains multiple copies of the same substring. If the + modi- - fier appears twice, the same action is taken for captured substrings. - In each case the remainder is output on the following line with a plus - character following the capture number. Note that this modifier must - not immediately follow the /S modifier because /S+ and /S++ have other + The /+ modifier requests that as well as outputting the substring that + matched the entire pattern, pcretest should in addition output the re- + mainder of the subject string. This is useful for tests where the sub- + ject contains multiple copies of the same substring. If the + modifier + appears twice, the same action is taken for captured substrings. In + each case the remainder is output on the following line with a plus + character following the capture number. Note that this modifier must + not immediately follow the /S modifier because /S+ and /S++ have other meanings. - The /= modifier requests that the values of all potential captured - parentheses be output after a match. By default, only those up to the + The /= modifier requests that the values of all potential captured + parentheses be output after a match. By default, only those up to the highest one actually used in the match are output (corresponding to the return code from pcre[16|32]_exec()). Values in the offsets vector cor- - responding to higher numbers should be set to -1, and these are output - as "<unset>". This modifier gives a way of checking that this is hap- + responding to higher numbers should be set to -1, and these are output + as "<unset>". This modifier gives a way of checking that this is hap- pening. - The /B modifier is a debugging feature. It requests that pcretest out- - put a representation of the compiled code after compilation. Normally - this information contains length and offset values; however, if /Z is - also present, this data is replaced by spaces. This is a special fea- - ture for use in the automatic test scripts; it ensures that the same + The /B modifier is a debugging feature. It requests that pcretest out- + put a representation of the compiled code after compilation. Normally + this information contains length and offset values; however, if /Z is + also present, this data is replaced by spaces. This is a special fea- + ture for use in the automatic test scripts; it ensures that the same output is generated for different internal link sizes. - The /D modifier is a PCRE debugging feature, and is equivalent to /BI, + The /D modifier is a PCRE debugging feature, and is equivalent to /BI, that is, both the /B and the /I modifiers. - The /F modifier causes pcretest to flip the byte order of the 2-byte + The /F modifier causes pcretest to flip the byte order of the 2-byte and 4-byte fields in the compiled pattern. This facility is for testing - the feature in PCRE that allows it to execute patterns that were com- + the feature in PCRE that allows it to execute patterns that were com- piled on a host with a different endianness. This feature is not avail- - able when the POSIX interface to PCRE is being used, that is, when the + able when the POSIX interface to PCRE is being used, that is, when the /P pattern modifier is specified. See also the section about saving and reloading compiled patterns below. - The /I modifier requests that pcretest output information about the - compiled pattern (whether it is anchored, has a fixed first character, - and so on). It does this by calling pcre[16|32]_fullinfo() after com- - piling a pattern. If the pattern is studied, the results of that are + The /I modifier requests that pcretest output information about the + compiled pattern (whether it is anchored, has a fixed first character, + and so on). It does this by calling pcre[16|32]_fullinfo() after com- + piling a pattern. If the pattern is studied, the results of that are also output. In this output, the word "char" means a non-UTF character, - that is, the value of a single data item (8-bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit, - depending on the library that is being tested). - - The /K modifier requests pcretest to show names from backtracking con- - trol verbs that are returned from calls to pcre[16|32]_exec(). It - causes pcretest to create a pcre[16|32]_extra block if one has not - already been created by a call to pcre[16|32]_study(), and to set the - PCRE_EXTRA_MARK flag and the mark field within it, every time that - pcre[16|32]_exec() is called. If the variable that the mark field - points to is non-NULL for a match, non-match, or partial match, - pcretest prints the string to which it points. For a match, this is - shown on a line by itself, tagged with "MK:". For a non-match it is + that is, the value of a single data item (8-bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit, de- + pending on the library that is being tested). + + The /K modifier requests pcretest to show names from backtracking con- + trol verbs that are returned from calls to pcre[16|32]_exec(). It + causes pcretest to create a pcre[16|32]_extra block if one has not al- + ready been created by a call to pcre[16|32]_study(), and to set the + PCRE_EXTRA_MARK flag and the mark field within it, every time that + pcre[16|32]_exec() is called. If the variable that the mark field + points to is non-NULL for a match, non-match, or partial match, + pcretest prints the string to which it points. For a match, this is + shown on a line by itself, tagged with "MK:". For a non-match it is added to the message. - The /L modifier must be followed directly by the name of a locale, for + The /L modifier must be followed directly by the name of a locale, for example, /pattern/Lfr_FR For this reason, it must be the last modifier. The given locale is set, - pcre[16|32]_maketables() is called to build a set of character tables - for the locale, and this is then passed to pcre[16|32]_compile() when - compiling the regular expression. Without an /L (or /T) modifier, NULL - is passed as the tables pointer; that is, /L applies only to the - expression on which it appears. - - The /M modifier causes the size in bytes of the memory block used to - hold the compiled pattern to be output. This does not include the size - of the pcre[16|32] block; it is just the actual compiled data. If the + pcre[16|32]_maketables() is called to build a set of character tables + for the locale, and this is then passed to pcre[16|32]_compile() when + compiling the regular expression. Without an /L (or /T) modifier, NULL + is passed as the tables pointer; that is, /L applies only to the ex- + pression on which it appears. + + The /M modifier causes the size in bytes of the memory block used to + hold the compiled pattern to be output. This does not include the size + of the pcre[16|32] block; it is just the actual compiled data. If the pattern is successfully studied with the PCRE_STUDY_JIT_COMPILE option, the size of the JIT compiled code is also output. The /Q modifier is used to test the use of pcre_stack_guard. It must be - followed by '0' or '1', specifying the return code to be given from an - external function that is passed to PCRE and used for stack checking + followed by '0' or '1', specifying the return code to be given from an + external function that is passed to PCRE and used for stack checking during compilation (see the pcreapi documentation for details). - The /S modifier causes pcre[16|32]_study() to be called after the - expression has been compiled, and the results used when the expression - is matched. There are a number of qualifying characters that may follow + The /S modifier causes pcre[16|32]_study() to be called after the ex- + pression has been compiled, and the results used when the expression is + matched. There are a number of qualifying characters that may follow /S. They may appear in any order. If /S is followed by an exclamation mark, pcre[16|32]_study() is called - with the PCRE_STUDY_EXTRA_NEEDED option, causing it always to return a + with the PCRE_STUDY_EXTRA_NEEDED option, causing it always to return a pcre_extra block, even when studying discovers no useful information. If /S is followed by a second S character, it suppresses studying, even - if it was requested externally by the -s command line option. This - makes it possible to specify that certain patterns are always studied, + if it was requested externally by the -s command line option. This + makes it possible to specify that certain patterns are always studied, and others are never studied, independently of -s. This feature is used in the test files in a few cases where the output is different when the pattern is studied. - If the /S modifier is followed by a + character, the call to - pcre[16|32]_study() is made with all the JIT study options, requesting - just-in-time optimization support if it is available, for both normal - and partial matching. If you want to restrict the JIT compiling modes, + If the /S modifier is followed by a + character, the call to + pcre[16|32]_study() is made with all the JIT study options, requesting + just-in-time optimization support if it is available, for both normal + and partial matching. If you want to restrict the JIT compiling modes, you can follow /S+ with a digit in the range 1 to 7: 1 normal match only @@ -538,40 +535,40 @@ PATTERN MODIFIERS 7 all three modes (default) If /S++ is used instead of /S+ (with or without a following digit), the - text "(JIT)" is added to the first output line after a match or no + text "(JIT)" is added to the first output line after a match or no match when JIT-compiled code was actually used. - Note that there is also an independent /+ modifier; it must not be + Note that there is also an independent /+ modifier; it must not be given immediately after /S or /S+ because this will be misinterpreted. If JIT studying is successful, the compiled JIT code will automatically - be used when pcre[16|32]_exec() is run, except when incompatible run- - time options are specified. For more details, see the pcrejit documen- - tation. See also the \J escape sequence below for a way of setting the + be used when pcre[16|32]_exec() is run, except when incompatible run- + time options are specified. For more details, see the pcrejit documen- + tation. See also the \J escape sequence below for a way of setting the size of the JIT stack. - Finally, if /S is followed by a minus character, JIT compilation is - suppressed, even if it was requested externally by the -s command line - option. This makes it possible to specify that JIT is never to be used + Finally, if /S is followed by a minus character, JIT compilation is + suppressed, even if it was requested externally by the -s command line + option. This makes it possible to specify that JIT is never to be used for certain patterns. - The /T modifier must be followed by a single digit. It causes a spe- + The /T modifier must be followed by a single digit. It causes a spe- cific set of built-in character tables to be passed to pcre[16|32]_com- - pile(). It is used in the standard PCRE tests to check behaviour with + pile(). It is used in the standard PCRE tests to check behaviour with different character tables. The digit specifies the tables as follows: 0 the default ASCII tables, as distributed in pcre_chartables.c.dist 1 a set of tables defining ISO 8859 characters - In table 1, some characters whose codes are greater than 128 are iden- + In table 1, some characters whose codes are greater than 128 are iden- tified as letters, digits, spaces, etc. Using the POSIX wrapper API - The /P modifier causes pcretest to call PCRE via the POSIX wrapper API - rather than its native API. This supports only the 8-bit library. When - /P is set, the following modifiers set options for the regcomp() func- + The /P modifier causes pcretest to call PCRE via the POSIX wrapper API + rather than its native API. This supports only the 8-bit library. When + /P is set, the following modifiers set options for the regcomp() func- tion: /i REG_ICASE @@ -582,48 +579,48 @@ PATTERN MODIFIERS /W REG_UCP ) the POSIX standard /8 REG_UTF8 ) - The /+ modifier works as described above. All other modifiers are - ignored. + The /+ modifier works as described above. All other modifiers are ig- + nored. Locking out certain modifiers - PCRE can be compiled with or without support for certain features such - as UTF-8/16/32 or Unicode properties. Accordingly, the standard tests - are split up into a number of different files that are selected for - running depending on which features are available. When updating the + PCRE can be compiled with or without support for certain features such + as UTF-8/16/32 or Unicode properties. Accordingly, the standard tests + are split up into a number of different files that are selected for + running depending on which features are available. When updating the tests, it is all too easy to put a new test into the wrong file by mis- - take; for example, to put a test that requires UTF support into a file - that is used when it is not available. To help detect such mistakes as - early as possible, there is a facility for locking out specific modi- + take; for example, to put a test that requires UTF support into a file + that is used when it is not available. To help detect such mistakes as + early as possible, there is a facility for locking out specific modi- fiers. If an input line for pcretest starts with the string "< forbid " - the following sequence of characters is taken as a list of forbidden + the following sequence of characters is taken as a list of forbidden modifiers. For example, in the test files that must not use UTF or Uni- code property support, this line appears: < forbid 8W - This locks out the /8 and /W modifiers. An immediate error is given if - they are subsequently encountered. If the character string contains < - but not >, all the multi-character modifiers that begin with < are - locked out. Otherwise, such modifiers must be explicitly listed, for + This locks out the /8 and /W modifiers. An immediate error is given if + they are subsequently encountered. If the character string contains < + but not >, all the multi-character modifiers that begin with < are + locked out. Otherwise, such modifiers must be explicitly listed, for example: < forbid <JS><cr> There must be a single space between < and "forbid" for this feature to - be recognised. If there is not, the line is interpreted either as a - request to re-load a pre-compiled pattern (see "SAVING AND RELOADING - COMPILED PATTERNS" below) or, if there is a another < character, as a - pattern that uses < as its delimiter. + be recognised. If there is not, the line is interpreted either as a re- + quest to re-load a pre-compiled pattern (see "SAVING AND RELOADING COM- + PILED PATTERNS" below) or, if there is a another < character, as a pat- + tern that uses < as its delimiter. DATA LINES - Before each data line is passed to pcre[16|32]_exec(), leading and - trailing white space is removed, and it is then scanned for \ escapes. - Some of these are pretty esoteric features, intended for checking out - some of the more complicated features of PCRE. If you are just testing - "ordinary" regular expressions, you probably don't need any of these. + Before each data line is passed to pcre[16|32]_exec(), leading and + trailing white space is removed, and it is then scanned for \ escapes. + Some of these are pretty esoteric features, intended for checking out + some of the more complicated features of PCRE. If you are just testing + "ordinary" regular expressions, you probably don't need any of these. The following escapes are recognized: \a alarm (BEL, \x07) @@ -684,7 +681,7 @@ DATA LINES (any number of digits) \R pass the PCRE_DFA_RESTART option to pcre[16|32]_dfa_exec() \S output details of memory get/free calls during matching - \Y pass the PCRE_NO_START_OPTIMIZE option to + \Y pass the PCRE_NO_START_OPTIMIZE option to pcre[16|32]_exec() or pcre[16|32]_dfa_exec() \Z pass the PCRE_NOTEOL option to pcre[16|32]_exec() @@ -693,7 +690,7 @@ DATA LINES pcre[16|32]_exec() or pcre[16|32]_dfa_exec() \>dd start the match at offset dd (optional "-"; then any number of digits); this sets the startoffset - argument for pcre[16|32]_exec() or + argument for pcre[16|32]_exec() or pcre[16|32]_dfa_exec() \<cr> pass the PCRE_NEWLINE_CR option to pcre[16|32]_exec() or pcre[16|32]_dfa_exec() @@ -706,103 +703,102 @@ DATA LINES \<any> pass the PCRE_NEWLINE_ANY option to pcre[16|32]_exec() or pcre[16|32]_dfa_exec() - The use of \x{hh...} is not dependent on the use of the /8 modifier on - the pattern. It is recognized always. There may be any number of hexa- - decimal digits inside the braces; invalid values provoke error mes- + The use of \x{hh...} is not dependent on the use of the /8 modifier on + the pattern. It is recognized always. There may be any number of hexa- + decimal digits inside the braces; invalid values provoke error mes- sages. - Note that \xhh specifies one byte rather than one character in UTF-8 - mode; this makes it possible to construct invalid UTF-8 sequences for - testing purposes. On the other hand, \x{hh} is interpreted as a UTF-8 - character in UTF-8 mode, generating more than one byte if the value is - greater than 127. When testing the 8-bit library not in UTF-8 mode, + Note that \xhh specifies one byte rather than one character in UTF-8 + mode; this makes it possible to construct invalid UTF-8 sequences for + testing purposes. On the other hand, \x{hh} is interpreted as a UTF-8 + character in UTF-8 mode, generating more than one byte if the value is + greater than 127. When testing the 8-bit library not in UTF-8 mode, \x{hh} generates one byte for values less than 256, and causes an error for greater values. In UTF-16 mode, all 4-digit \x{hhhh} values are accepted. This makes it possible to construct invalid UTF-16 sequences for testing purposes. - In UTF-32 mode, all 4- to 8-digit \x{...} values are accepted. This - makes it possible to construct invalid UTF-32 sequences for testing + In UTF-32 mode, all 4- to 8-digit \x{...} values are accepted. This + makes it possible to construct invalid UTF-32 sequences for testing purposes. - The escapes that specify line ending sequences are literal strings, - exactly as shown. No more than one newline setting should be present in + The escapes that specify line ending sequences are literal strings, ex- + actly as shown. No more than one newline setting should be present in any data line. - A backslash followed by anything else just escapes the anything else. - If the very last character is a backslash, it is ignored. This gives a - way of passing an empty line as data, since a real empty line termi- + A backslash followed by anything else just escapes the anything else. + If the very last character is a backslash, it is ignored. This gives a + way of passing an empty line as data, since a real empty line termi- nates the data input. - The \J escape provides a way of setting the maximum stack size that is - used by the just-in-time optimization code. It is ignored if JIT opti- - mization is not being used. Providing a stack that is larger than the + The \J escape provides a way of setting the maximum stack size that is + used by the just-in-time optimization code. It is ignored if JIT opti- + mization is not being used. Providing a stack that is larger than the default 32K is necessary only for very complicated patterns. If \M is present, pcretest calls pcre[16|32]_exec() several times, with different values in the match_limit and match_limit_recursion fields of - the pcre[16|32]_extra data structure, until it finds the minimum num- + the pcre[16|32]_extra data structure, until it finds the minimum num- bers for each parameter that allow pcre[16|32]_exec() to complete with- - out error. Because this is testing a specific feature of the normal - interpretive pcre[16|32]_exec() execution, the use of any JIT optimiza- - tion that might have been set up by the /S+ qualifier of -s+ option is + out error. Because this is testing a specific feature of the normal in- + terpretive pcre[16|32]_exec() execution, the use of any JIT optimiza- + tion that might have been set up by the /S+ qualifier of -s+ option is disabled. - The match_limit number is a measure of the amount of backtracking that - takes place, and checking it out can be instructive. For most simple - matches, the number is quite small, but for patterns with very large - numbers of matching possibilities, it can become large very quickly - with increasing length of subject string. The match_limit_recursion - number is a measure of how much stack (or, if PCRE is compiled with - NO_RECURSE, how much heap) memory is needed to complete the match - attempt. + The match_limit number is a measure of the amount of backtracking that + takes place, and checking it out can be instructive. For most simple + matches, the number is quite small, but for patterns with very large + numbers of matching possibilities, it can become large very quickly + with increasing length of subject string. The match_limit_recursion + number is a measure of how much stack (or, if PCRE is compiled with + NO_RECURSE, how much heap) memory is needed to complete the match at- + tempt. - When \O is used, the value specified may be higher or lower than the + When \O is used, the value specified may be higher or lower than the size set by the -O command line option (or defaulted to 45); \O applies - only to the call of pcre[16|32]_exec() for the line in which it - appears. + only to the call of pcre[16|32]_exec() for the line in which it ap- + pears. - If the /P modifier was present on the pattern, causing the POSIX wrap- - per API to be used, the only option-setting sequences that have any - effect are \B, \N, and \Z, causing REG_NOTBOL, REG_NOTEMPTY, and - REG_NOTEOL, respectively, to be passed to regexec(). + If the /P modifier was present on the pattern, causing the POSIX wrap- + per API to be used, the only option-setting sequences that have any ef- + fect are \B, \N, and \Z, causing REG_NOTBOL, REG_NOTEMPTY, and REG_NO- + TEOL, respectively, to be passed to regexec(). THE ALTERNATIVE MATCHING FUNCTION - By default, pcretest uses the standard PCRE matching function, - pcre[16|32]_exec() to match each data line. PCRE also supports an - alternative matching function, pcre[16|32]_dfa_test(), which operates - in a different way, and has some restrictions. The differences between - the two functions are described in the pcrematching documentation. + By default, pcretest uses the standard PCRE matching function, + pcre[16|32]_exec() to match each data line. PCRE also supports an al- + ternative matching function, pcre[16|32]_dfa_test(), which operates in + a different way, and has some restrictions. The differences between the + two functions are described in the pcrematching documentation. - If a data line contains the \D escape sequence, or if the command line - contains the -dfa option, the alternative matching function is used. + If a data line contains the \D escape sequence, or if the command line + contains the -dfa option, the alternative matching function is used. This function finds all possible matches at a given point. If, however, - the \F escape sequence is present in the data line, it stops after the + the \F escape sequence is present in the data line, it stops after the first match is found. This is always the shortest possible match. DEFAULT OUTPUT FROM PCRETEST - This section describes the output when the normal matching function, + This section describes the output when the normal matching function, pcre[16|32]_exec(), is being used. When a match succeeds, pcretest outputs the list of captured substrings - that pcre[16|32]_exec() returns, starting with number 0 for the string - that matched the whole pattern. Otherwise, it outputs "No match" when - the return is PCRE_ERROR_NOMATCH, and "Partial match:" followed by the - partially matching substring when pcre[16|32]_exec() returns - PCRE_ERROR_PARTIAL. (Note that this is the entire substring that was - inspected during the partial match; it may include characters before - the actual match start if a lookbehind assertion, \K, \b, or \B was - involved.) For any other return, pcretest outputs the PCRE negative - error number and a short descriptive phrase. If the error is a failed - UTF string check, the offset of the start of the failing character and - the reason code are also output, provided that the size of the output - vector is at least two. Here is an example of an interactive pcretest - run. + that pcre[16|32]_exec() returns, starting with number 0 for the string + that matched the whole pattern. Otherwise, it outputs "No match" when + the return is PCRE_ERROR_NOMATCH, and "Partial match:" followed by the + partially matching substring when pcre[16|32]_exec() returns PCRE_ER- + ROR_PARTIAL. (Note that this is the entire substring that was inspected + during the partial match; it may include characters before the actual + match start if a lookbehind assertion, \K, \b, or \B was involved.) For + any other return, pcretest outputs the PCRE negative error number and a + short descriptive phrase. If the error is a failed UTF string check, + the offset of the start of the failing character and the reason code + are also output, provided that the size of the output vector is at + least two. Here is an example of an interactive pcretest run. $ pcretest PCRE version 8.13 2011-04-30 @@ -892,9 +888,9 @@ OUTPUT FROM THE ALTERNATIVE MATCHING FUNCTION (Using the normal matching function on this data finds only "tang".) The longest matching string is always given first (and numbered zero). After a PCRE_ERROR_PARTIAL return, the output is "Partial match:", fol- - lowed by the partially matching substring. (Note that this is the - entire substring that was inspected during the partial match; it may - include characters before the actual match start if a lookbehind asser- + lowed by the partially matching substring. (Note that this is the en- + tire substring that was inspected during the partial match; it may in- + clude characters before the actual match start if a lookbehind asser- tion, \K, \b, or \B was involved.) If /g is present on the pattern, the search for further matches resumes @@ -909,9 +905,9 @@ OUTPUT FROM THE ALTERNATIVE MATCHING FUNCTION 1: tan 0: tan - Since the matching function does not support substring capture, the - escape sequences that are concerned with captured substrings are not - relevant. + Since the matching function does not support substring capture, the es- + cape sequences that are concerned with captured substrings are not rel- + evant. RESTARTING AFTER A PARTIAL MATCH @@ -942,9 +938,9 @@ CALLOUTS --->pqrabcdef 0 ^ ^ \d - This output indicates that callout number 0 occurred for a match - attempt starting at the fourth character of the subject string, when - the pointer was at the seventh character of the data, and when the next + This output indicates that callout number 0 occurred for a match at- + tempt starting at the fourth character of the subject string, when the + pointer was at the seventh character of the data, and when the next pattern item was \d. Just one circumflex is output if the start and current positions are the same. @@ -963,8 +959,8 @@ CALLOUTS 0: E* If a pattern contains (*MARK) items, an additional line is output when- - ever a change of latest mark is passed to the callout function. For - example: + ever a change of latest mark is passed to the callout function. For ex- + ample: re> /a(*MARK:X)bc/C data> abc @@ -999,8 +995,8 @@ NON-PRINTING CHARACTERS When pcretest is outputting text that is a matched part of a subject string, it behaves in the same way, unless a different locale has been - set for the pattern (using the /L modifier). In this case, the - isprint() function to distinguish printing and non-printing characters. + set for the pattern (using the /L modifier). In this case, the is- + print() function to distinguish printing and non-printing characters. SAVING AND RELOADING COMPILED PATTERNS @@ -1020,14 +1016,14 @@ SAVING AND RELOADING COMPILED PATTERNS studied with JIT optimization, the JIT data cannot be saved. The data that is written is binary. The first eight bytes are the - length of the compiled pattern data followed by the length of the - optional study data, each written as four bytes in big-endian order - (most significant byte first). If there is no study data (either the - pattern was not studied, or studying did not return any data), the sec- - ond length is zero. The lengths are followed by an exact copy of the - compiled pattern. If there is additional study data, this (excluding - any JIT data) follows immediately after the compiled pattern. After - writing the file, pcretest expects to read a new pattern. + length of the compiled pattern data followed by the length of the op- + tional study data, each written as four bytes in big-endian order (most + significant byte first). If there is no study data (either the pattern + was not studied, or studying did not return any data), the second + length is zero. The lengths are followed by an exact copy of the com- + piled pattern. If there is additional study data, this (excluding any + JIT data) follows immediately after the compiled pattern. After writing + the file, pcretest expects to read a new pattern. A saved pattern can be reloaded into pcretest by specifying < and a file name instead of a pattern. There must be no space between < and @@ -1066,10 +1062,10 @@ SAVING AND RELOADING COMPILED PATTERNS ing and experimentation. It is not intended for production use because only a single pattern can be written to a file. Furthermore, there is no facility for supplying custom character tables for use with a - reloaded pattern. If the original pattern was compiled with custom - tables, an attempt to match a subject string using a reloaded pattern - is likely to cause pcretest to crash. Finally, if you attempt to load - a file that is not in the correct format, the result is undefined. + reloaded pattern. If the original pattern was compiled with custom ta- + bles, an attempt to match a subject string using a reloaded pattern is + likely to cause pcretest to crash. Finally, if you attempt to load a + file that is not in the correct format, the result is undefined. SEE ALSO @@ -1087,5 +1083,5 @@ AUTHOR REVISION - Last updated: 23 February 2017 - Copyright (c) 1997-2017 University of Cambridge. + Last updated: 10 February 2020 + Copyright (c) 1997-2020 University of Cambridge. |