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# Contributing to PHP
Anybody who programs in PHP can be a contributing member of the community that
develops and deploys it; the task of deploying PHP, documentation and
associated websites is a never ending one. With every release, or release
candidate comes a wave of work, which takes a lot of organization and
co-ordination.
## Pull requests
PHP welcomes pull requests to [add tests](#writing-tests), fix bugs and to
implement RFCs. Please be sure to include tests as appropriate!
If you are fixing a bug, then please submit your PR against the lowest actively
supported branch of PHP that the bug affects (only green branches on
[the supported version page](http://php.net/supported-versions.php) are supported).
For example, at the time of writing in early-2018, the lowest supported version is
PHP 7.1, which corresponds to the `PHP-7.1` branch in Git. Please also make sure you
add a link to the PR in the bug on [the bug tracker](https://bugs.php.net/).
Pull requests implementing RFCs should be submitted against `master`.
Pull requests should *never* be submitted against `PHP-x.y.z` branches, as
these are only used for release management.
If your pull request exhibits conflicts with the base branch, please resolve them
by using `git rebase` instead of `git merge`.
## Filing bugs
Bugs can be filed on the [PHP bug tracker](https://bugs.php.net/). If this is
the first time you've filed a bug, we suggest reading the
[guide to reporting a bug](https://bugs.php.net/how-to-report.php).
Where possible, please include a self-contained reproduction case!
## Feature requests
Feature requests are generally submitted in the form of
[Requests for Comment](https://wiki.php.net/rfc/howto), ideally accompanied by
[pull requests](#pull-requests). You can find the extremely large list of RFCs
that have been previously considered on the
[PHP Wiki](https://wiki.php.net/rfc).
You may want to read
[The Mysterious PHP RFC Process](https://blogs.oracle.com/opal/entry/the_mysterious_php_rfc_process)
for additional notes on the best way to approach submitting an RFC.
## Writing tests
We love getting new tests! PHP is a huge project and improving code coverage is
a huge win for every PHP user.
[Our QA site includes a page detailing how to write test cases.](http://qa.php.net/write-test.php)
Please note that the section on submitting pull requests is outdated: in
addition to the process listed there, you can also
[submit pull requests](#pull-requests).
## Writing documentation
There are two ways to contribute to the PHP manual. You can edit the manual and
send patches anonymously via [the online editor](https://edit.php.net/), or you
can check the XML source out from Subversion and edit that and build it
[per the instructions on the documentation site](http://doc.php.net/tutorial/).
Patches created that way should be sent to the
[documentation mailing list](mailto:phpdoc@lists.php.net).
## Getting help
If you are having trouble contributing to PHP, or just want to talk to a human
about what you're working on, you can contact us via the
[internals mailing list](mailto:internals@lists.php.net), or the
[documentation mailing list](mailto:phpdoc@lists.php.net) for documentation
issues.
Although not a formal channel, you can also find a number of core developers on
the #php.pecl channel on [EFnet](http://www.efnet.org/). Similarly, many
documentation writers can be found on #php.doc.
## PHP source code directory structure
PHP source code also includes several files generated during development and
several parts where maintenance is happening upstream in their respective
locations.
```bash
<php-src>/
├─ .git/ # Git configuration and source directory
└─ TSRM/ # Thread Safe Resource Manager
└─ m4/ # https://github.com/autoconf-archive/autoconf-archive
└─ ax_func_which_gethostbyname_r.m4
└─ ...
└─ Zend/ # Zend Engine
├─ zend_language_scanner.c # Generated by re2c
├─ zend_language_scanner_defs.h # Generated by re2c
├─ zend_ini_scanner.c # Generated by re2c
├─ zend_ini_scanner_defs.h # Generated by re2c
├─ zend_vm_execute.h # Generated by `Zend/zend_vm_gen.php`
├─ zend_vm_opcodes.c # Generated by `Zend/zend_vm_gen.php`
├─ zend_vm_opcodes.h # Generated by `Zend/zend_vm_gen.php`
└─ ...
├─ appveyor/ # Appveyor CI service files
└─ build/ # *nix build system files
├─ ax_check_compile_flag.m4 # https://github.com/autoconf-archive/autoconf-archive
├─ ax_gcc_func_attribute.m4 # https://github.com/autoconf-archive/autoconf-archive
├─ libtool.m4 # https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/libtool.git
├─ shtool # https://www.gnu.org/software/shtool/
└─ ...
└─ ext/ # PHP core extensions
└─ bcmath/
├─ libbcmath/ # Forked and maintained in php-src
└─ ...
└─ curl/
├─ sync-constants.php # The curl symbols checker
└─ ...
└─ date/
└─ lib/ # Bundled datetime library https://github.com/derickr/timelib
├─ parse_date.c # Generated by re2c 0.15.3
├─ parse_iso_intervals.c # Generated by re2c 0.15.3
└─ ...
└─ ...
└─ fileinfo/
├─ libmagic/ # Modified libmagic https://github.com/file/file
├─ data_file.c # Generated by `ext/fileinfo/create_data_file.php`
├─ libmagic.patch # Modifications patch from upstream libmagic
├─ magicdata.patch # Modifications patch from upstream libmagic
└─ ...
└─ gd/
├─ libgd/ # Bundled and modified GD library https://github.com/libgd/libgd
└─ ...
└─ json/
├─ json_parser.tab.c # Generated by bison
├─ json_parser.tab.h # Generated by bison
├─ json_scanner.c # Generated by re2c
├─ php_json_scanner_defs.h # Generated by re2c
└─ ...
└─ mbstring/
├─ libmbfl/ # Forked and maintained in php-src
├─ oniguruma/ # Bundled https://github.com/kkos/oniguruma
├─ oniguruma.patch # Modifications patch from upstream oniguruma
├─ unicode_data.h # Generated by `ext/mbstring/ucgendat/ucgendat.php`
└─ ...
└─ pcre/
├─ pcre2lib/ # https://www.pcre.org/
└─ ...
└─ pdo/
├─ pdo_sql_parser.c # Generated by re2c
└─ ...
└─ phar/
├─ phar_path_check.c # Generated by re2c
└─ ...
└─ skeleton/ # Skeleton for developing new extensions with `ext/ext_skel.php`
└─ ...
└─ sqlite3/
├─ libsqlite/ # https://www.sqlite.org mirror: https://github.com/mackyle/sqlite
└─ ...
└─ standard/
└─ html_tables/
├─ mappings/ # https://www.unicode.org/Public/MAPPINGS/
└─ ...
├─ credits_ext.h # Generated by `scripts/dev/credits`
├─ credits_sapi.h # Generated by `scripts/dev/credits`
├─ html_tables.h # Generated by `ext/standard/html_tables/html_table_gen.php`
├─ url_scanner_ex.c # Generated by re2c
├─ var_unserializer.c # Generated by re2c
└─ ...
└─ tokenizer/
├─ tokenizer_data.c # Generated by `ext/tokenizer/tokenizer_data_gen.sh`
└─ ...
└─ xmlrpc/
├─ libxmlrpc/ # Forked and maintained in php-src
└─ ...
└─ zend_test # For testing internal APIs. Not needed for regular builds.
└─ ...
└─ zip/ # Bundled https://github.com/pierrejoye/php_zip
└─ ...
└─ ...
└─ main/ # Binding that ties extensions, SAPIs, and engine together
├─ streams/ # Streams layer subsystem
├─ php_version.h # Generated by release managers using `configure`
└─ ...
├─ pear/ # PEAR installation
└─ sapi/ # PHP SAPI modules
└─ cli/
├─ mime_type_map.h # Generated by `sapi/cli/generate_mime_type_map.php`
└─ ...
└─ phpdbg/
├─ phpdbg_lexer.c # Generated by re2c
├─ phpdbg_parser.c # Generated by bison
├─ phpdbg_parser.h # Generated by bison
└─ ...
└─ ...
├─ scripts/ # php-config, phpize and internal development scripts
├─ tests/ # Core features tests
├─ travis/ # Travis CI service files
└─ win32/ # Windows build system files
├─ cp_enc_map.c # Generated by `win32/cp_enc_map_gen.exe`
└─ ...
├─ config.guess # https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/config.git
├─ config.sub # https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/config.git
├─ ltmain.sh # https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/libtool.git
└─ ...
```
|
