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|
"""
fs.s3fs
=======
FS subclass accessing files in Amazon S3
This module provides the class 'S3FS', which implements the FS filesystem
interface for objects stored in Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3).
"""
import time
import datetime
import tempfile
import stat as statinfo
import boto.s3.connection
from boto.s3.prefix import Prefix
from boto.exception import S3ResponseError
from fs.base import *
from fs.remote import *
# Boto is not thread-safe, so we need to use a per-thread S3 connection.
if hasattr(threading,"local"):
thread_local = threading.local
else:
class thread_local(object):
def __init__(self):
self._map = {}
def __getattr__(self,attr):
try:
return self._map[(threading.currentThread(),attr)]
except KeyError:
raise AttributeError, attr
def __setattr__(self,attr,value):
self._map[(threading.currentThread(),attr)] = value
class S3FS(FS):
"""A filesystem stored in Amazon S3.
This class provides the FS interface for files stored in Amazon's Simple
Storage Service (S3). It should be instantiated with the name of the
S3 bucket to use, and optionally a prefix under which the files should
be stored.
Local temporary files are used when opening files from this filesystem,
and any changes are only pushed back into S3 when the files are closed
or flushed.
"""
class meta:
PATH_MAX = None
NAME_MAX = None
def __init__(self, bucket, prefix="", aws_access_key=None, aws_secret_key=None, separator="/", thread_synchronize=True,key_sync_timeout=1):
"""Constructor for S3FS objects.
S3FS objects require the name of the S3 bucket in which to store
files, and can optionally be given a prefix under which the files
shoud be stored. The AWS public and private keys may be specified
as additional arguments; if they are not specified they will be
read from the two environment variables AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY.
The keyword argument 'key_sync_timeout' specifies the maximum
time in seconds that the filesystem will spend trying to confirm
that a newly-uploaded S3 key is available for reading. For no
timeout set it to zero. To disable these checks entirely (and
thus reduce the filesystem's consistency guarantees to those of
S3's "eventual consistency" model) set it to None.
By default the path separator is "/", but this can be overridden
by specifying the keyword 'separator' in the constructor.
"""
self._bucket_name = bucket
self._access_keys = (aws_access_key,aws_secret_key)
self._separator = separator
self._key_sync_timeout = key_sync_timeout
# Normalise prefix to this form: path/to/files/
prefix = normpath(prefix)
while prefix.startswith(separator):
prefix = prefix[1:]
if not prefix.endswith(separator) and prefix != "":
prefix = prefix + separator
self._prefix = prefix
self._tlocal = thread_local()
FS.__init__(self, thread_synchronize=thread_synchronize)
# Make _s3conn and _s3bukt properties that are created on demand,
# since they cannot be stored during pickling.
def _s3conn(self):
try:
return self._tlocal.s3conn
except AttributeError:
c = boto.s3.connection.S3Connection(*self._access_keys)
self._tlocal.s3conn = c
return c
_s3conn = property(_s3conn)
def _s3bukt(self):
try:
return self._tlocal.s3bukt
except AttributeError:
try:
b = self._s3conn.get_bucket(self._bucket_name)
except S3ResponseError, e:
if "404 Not Found" not in str(e):
raise e
b = self._s3conn.create_bucket(self._bucket_name)
self._tlocal.s3bukt = b
return b
_s3bukt = property(_s3bukt)
def __getstate__(self):
state = super(S3FS,self).__getstate__()
del state['_tlocal']
return state
def __setstate__(self,state):
super(S3FS,self).__setstate__(state)
self._tlocal = thread_local()
def __str__(self):
return '<S3FS: %s:%s>' % (self._bucket_name,self._prefix)
__repr__ = __str__
def _s3path(self,path):
"""Get the absolute path to a file stored in S3."""
path = relpath(normpath(path))
path = self._separator.join(iteratepath(path))
s3path = self._prefix + path
if s3path and s3path[-1] == self._separator:
s3path = s3path[:-1]
return s3path
def _sync_key(self,k):
"""Synchronise on contents of the given key.
Since S3 only offers "eventual consistency" of data, it is possible
to create a key but be unable to read it back straight away. This
method works around that limitation by polling the key until it reads
back the value expected by the given key.
Note that this could easily fail if the key is modified by another
program, meaning the content will never be as specified in the given
key. This is the reason for the timeout argument to the construtcor.
"""
timeout = self._key_sync_timeout
if timeout is None:
return k
k2 = self._s3bukt.get_key(k.name)
t = time.time()
while k2 is None or k2.etag != k.etag:
if timeout > 0:
if t + timeout < time.time():
break
time.sleep(0.1)
k2 = self._s3bukt.get_key(k.name)
return k2
def _sync_set_contents(self,key,contents):
"""Synchronously set the contents of a key."""
if isinstance(key,basestring):
key = self._s3bukt.new_key(key)
if isinstance(contents,basestring):
key.set_contents_from_string(contents)
else:
try:
contents.seek(0)
except (AttributeError,EnvironmentError):
tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
data = contents.read(524288)
while data:
tf.write(data)
data = contents.read(524288)
tf.seek(0)
contents = tf
key.set_contents_from_file(contents)
return self._sync_key(key)
def setcontents(self,path,contents):
s3path = self._s3path(path)
self._sync_set_contents(s3path,contents)
def open(self,path,mode="r"):
"""Open the named file in the given mode.
This method downloads the file contents into a local temporary file
so that it can be worked on efficiently. Any changes made to the
file are only sent back to S3 when the file is flushed or closed.
"""
s3path = self._s3path(path)
# Truncate the file if requested
if "w" in mode:
k = self._sync_set_contents(s3path,"")
else:
k = self._s3bukt.get_key(s3path)
if k is None:
# Create the file if it's missing
if "w" not in mode and "a" not in mode:
raise ResourceNotFoundError(path)
if not self.isdir(dirname(path)):
raise ParentDirectoryMissingError(path)
k = self._sync_set_contents(s3path,"")
return RemoteFileBuffer(self,path,mode,k)
def exists(self,path):
"""Check whether a path exists."""
s3path = self._s3path(path)
s3pathD = s3path + self._separator
# The root directory always exists
if self._prefix.startswith(s3path):
return True
ks = self._s3bukt.list(prefix=s3path,delimiter=self._separator)
for k in ks:
# A regular file
if k.name == s3path:
return True
# A directory
if k.name == s3pathD:
return True
return False
def isdir(self,path):
"""Check whether a path exists and is a directory."""
s3path = self._s3path(path) + self._separator
# Root is always a directory
if s3path == "/" or s3path == self._prefix:
return True
# Use a list request so that we return true if there are any files
# in that directory. This avoids requiring a special file for the
# the directory itself, which other tools may not create.
ks = self._s3bukt.list(prefix=s3path,delimiter=self._separator)
try:
iter(ks).next()
except StopIteration:
return False
else:
return True
def isfile(self,path):
"""Check whether a path exists and is a regular file."""
s3path = self._s3path(path)
# Root is never a file
if self._prefix.startswith(s3path):
return False
k = self._s3bukt.get_key(s3path)
if k is not None:
return True
return False
def listdir(self,path="./",wildcard=None,full=False,absolute=False,info=False,dirs_only=False,files_only=False):
"""List contents of a directory."""
s3path = self._s3path(path) + self._separator
if s3path == "/":
s3path = ""
i = len(s3path)
keys = []
isDir = False
for k in self._s3bukt.list(prefix=s3path,delimiter=self._separator):
if not isDir:
isDir = True
# Skip over the entry for the directory itself, if it exists
if k.name[i:] != "":
k.name = k.name[i:]
keys.append(k)
if not isDir:
if s3path != self._prefix:
if self.isfile(path):
raise ResourceInvalidError(path,msg="that's not a directory: %(path)s")
raise ResourceNotFoundError(path)
return self._listdir_helper(path,keys,wildcard,full,absolute,info,dirs_only,files_only)
def _listdir_helper(self,path,keys,wildcard,full,absolute,info,dirs_only,files_only):
"""Modify listdir helper to avoid additional calls to the server."""
if dirs_only and files_only:
raise ValueError("dirs_only and files_only can not both be True")
if dirs_only:
keys = [k for k in keys if k.name.endswith(self._separator)]
elif files_only:
keys = [k for k in keys if not k.name.endswith(self._separator)]
for k in keys:
if k.name.endswith(self._separator):
k.name = k.name[:-1]
if type(path) is not unicode:
k.name = k.name.encode()
if wildcard is not None:
keys = [k for k in keys if fnmatch.fnmatch(k.name, wildcard)]
if full:
entries = [relpath(pathjoin(path, k.name)) for k in keys]
elif absolute:
entries = [abspath(pathjoin(path, k.name)) for k in keys]
elif info:
entries = [self._get_key_info(k) for k in keys]
else:
entries = [k.name for k in keys]
return entries
def makedir(self,path,recursive=False,allow_recreate=False):
"""Create a directory at the given path.
The 'mode' argument is accepted for compatability with the standard
FS interface, but is currently ignored.
"""
s3path = self._s3path(path)
s3pathD = s3path + self._separator
if s3pathD == self._prefix:
if allow_recreate:
return
raise DestinationExistsError(path, msg="Can not create a directory that already exists (try allow_recreate=True): %(path)s")
s3pathP = self._s3path(dirname(path))
if s3pathP:
s3pathP = s3pathP + self._separator
# Check various preconditions using list of parent dir
ks = self._s3bukt.list(prefix=s3pathP,delimiter=self._separator)
if s3pathP == self._prefix:
parentExists = True
else:
parentExists = False
for k in ks:
if not parentExists:
parentExists = True
if k.name == s3path:
# It's already a file
raise ResourceInvalidError(path, msg="Destination exists as a regular file: %(path)s")
if k.name == s3pathD:
# It's already a directory
if allow_recreate:
return
raise DestinationExistsError(path, msg="Can not create a directory that already exists (try allow_recreate=True): %(path)s")
# Create parent if required
if not parentExists:
if recursive:
self.makedir(dirname(path),recursive,allow_recreate)
else:
raise ParentDirectoryMissingError(path, msg="Parent directory does not exist: %(path)s")
# Create an empty file representing the directory
# TODO: is there some standard scheme for representing empty dirs?
self._sync_set_contents(s3pathD,"")
def remove(self,path):
"""Remove the file at the given path."""
s3path = self._s3path(path)
ks = self._s3bukt.list(prefix=s3path,delimiter=self._separator)
for k in ks:
if k.name == s3path:
break
if k.name.startswith(s3path + "/"):
raise ResourceInvalidError(path,msg="that's not a file: %(path)s")
else:
raise ResourceNotFoundError(path)
self._s3bukt.delete_key(s3path)
k = self._s3bukt.get_key(s3path)
while k:
k = self._s3bukt.get_key(s3path)
def removedir(self,path,recursive=False,force=False):
"""Remove the directory at the given path."""
s3path = self._s3path(path)
if s3path != self._prefix:
s3path = s3path + self._separator
if force:
# If we will be forcibly removing any directory contents, we
# might as well get the un-delimited list straight away.
ks = self._s3bukt.list(prefix=s3path)
else:
ks = self._s3bukt.list(prefix=s3path,delimiter=self._separator)
# Fail if the directory is not empty, or remove them if forced
found = False
for k in ks:
found = True
if k.name != s3path:
if not force:
raise DirectoryNotEmptyError(path)
self._s3bukt.delete_key(k.name)
if not found:
if self.isfile(path):
raise ResourceInvalidError(path,msg="removedir() called on a regular file: %(path)s")
raise ResourceNotFoundError(path)
self._s3bukt.delete_key(s3path)
if recursive and path not in ("","/"):
pdir = dirname(path)
try:
self.removedir(pdir,recursive=True,force=False)
except DirectoryNotEmptyError:
pass
def rename(self,src,dst):
"""Rename the file at 'src' to 'dst'."""
# Actually, in S3 'rename' is exactly the same as 'move'
self.move(src,dst)
def getinfo(self,path):
s3path = self._s3path(path)
if path in ("","/"):
k = Prefix(bucket=self._s3bukt,name="/")
else:
k = self._s3bukt.get_key(s3path)
if k is None:
k = self._s3bukt.get_key(s3path+"/")
if k is None:
raise ResourceNotFoundError(path)
k = Prefix(bucket=self._s3bukt,name=k.name)
return self._get_key_info(k)
def _get_key_info(self,key):
info = {}
info["name"] = basename(key.name)
if isinstance(key,Prefix):
info["st_mode"] = 0700 | statinfo.S_IFDIR
else:
info["st_mode"] = 0700 | statinfo.S_IFREG
if hasattr(key,"size"):
info['size'] = int(key.size)
if hasattr(key,"last_modified"):
# TODO: does S3 use any other formats?
fmt = "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %Z"
try:
mtime = datetime.datetime.strptime(key.last_modified,fmt)
info['modified_time'] = mtime
except ValueError:
pass
return info
def desc(self,path):
return "No description available"
def copy(self,src,dst,overwrite=False,chunk_size=16384):
"""Copy a file from 'src' to 'dst'.
src -- The source path
dst -- The destination path
overwrite -- If True, then the destination may be overwritten
(if a file exists at that location). If False then an exception will be
thrown if the destination exists
chunk_size -- Size of chunks to use in copy (ignored by S3)
"""
s3path_dst = self._s3path(dst)
s3path_dstD = s3path_dst + self._separator
# Check for various preconditions.
ks = self._s3bukt.list(prefix=s3path_dst,delimiter=self._separator)
dstOK = False
for k in ks:
# It exists as a regular file
if k.name == s3path_dst:
if not overwrite:
raise DestinationExistsError(dst)
dstOK = True
break
# Check if it refers to a directory. If so, we copy *into* it.
# Since S3 lists in lexicographic order, subsequent iterations
# of the loop will check for the existence of the new filename.
if k.name == s3path_dstD:
nm = basename(src)
dst = pathjoin(dirname(dst),nm)
s3path_dst = s3path_dstD + nm
dstOK = True
if not dstOK and not self.isdir(dirname(dst)):
raise ParentDirectoryMissingError(dst,msg="Destination directory does not exist: %(path)s")
# OK, now we can copy the file.
s3path_src = self._s3path(src)
try:
self._s3bukt.copy_key(s3path_dst,self._bucket_name,s3path_src)
except S3ResponseError, e:
if "404 Not Found" in str(e):
raise ResourceInvalidError(src, msg="Source is not a file: %(path)s")
raise e
else:
k = self._s3bukt.get_key(s3path_dst)
self._sync_key(k)
def move(self,src,dst,overwrite=False,chunk_size=16384):
"""Move a file from one location to another."""
self.copy(src,dst,overwrite=overwrite)
self._s3bukt.delete_key(self._s3path(src))
def get_total_size(self):
"""Get total size of all files in this FS."""
return sum(k.size for k in self._s3bukt.list(prefix=self._prefix))
|