Added sqlitefs to fs.contrib

git-svn-id: http://pyfilesystem.googlecode.com/svn/trunk@741 67cdc799-7952-0410-af00-57a81ceafa0f

1 files changed, 705 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/fs/contrib/sqlitefs.py b/fs/contrib/sqlitefs.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b334d32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/contrib/sqlitefs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,705 @@
+'''
+Sqlite3 based file system using PyFileSystem
+
+Developed and Contributed by Sensible Softwares Pvt. Ltd.
+(http://bootstraptoday.com)
+
+Contributed under the terms of the BSD License:
+http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php
+'''
+
+import tempfile
+import datetime
+
+from fs.path import iteratepath, normpath,dirname,forcedir
+from fs.path import frombase, basename,pathjoin
+from fs.base import *
+from fs.errors import *
+from fs import _thread_synchronize_default
+import apsw
+
+def fetchone(cursor):
+    '''
+    return a single row from the cursor (equivalent to pysqlite fetchone function)
+    '''
+    row = None
+    try:
+        row = cursor.next()
+    except:
+        pass
+    return(row)
+
+def remove_end_slash(dirname):
+    if dirname.endswith('/'):
+        return dirname[:-1]
+    return dirname
+
+class SqliteFsFileBase(object):
+    '''
+    base class for representing the files in the sqlite file system
+    '''
+    def __init__(self, fs, path, id, real_file=None):
+        assert(fs != None)
+        assert(path != None)
+        assert(id != None)
+        self.fs = fs
+        self.path = path
+        self.id = id
+        self.closed = False
+        #real file like object. Most of the methods are passed to this object
+        self.real_stream= real_file
+        
+    def close(self):
+        if not self.closed and self.real_stream is not None:
+            self._do_close()
+            self.fs._on_close(self)
+            self.real_stream.close()
+            self.closed = True
+        
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "<SqliteFS File in %s %s>" % (self.fs, self.path)
+
+    __repr__ = __str__
+
+    def __unicode__(self):
+        return u"<SqliteFS File in %s %s>" % (self.fs, self.path)
+
+    def __del__(self):
+        if not self.closed:
+            self.close()
+
+    def flush(self):
+        self.real_stream.flush()
+        
+    def __iter__(self):
+        raise OperationFailedError('__iter__', self.path)
+        
+    def next(self):
+        raise OperationFailedError('next', self.path)
+        
+    def readline(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        raise OperationFailedError('readline', self.path)        
+    
+    def read(self, size=None):
+        raise OperationFailedError('read', self.path)                
+
+    def seek(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self.real_stream.seek(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def tell(self):
+        return self.real_stream.tell()
+
+    def truncate(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        raise OperationFailedError('truncate', self.path)
+        
+    def write(self, data):
+        raise OperationFailedError('write', self.path)
+        
+    def writelines(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        raise OperationFailedError('writelines', self.path)
+        
+    def __enter__(self):
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self,exc_type,exc_value,traceback):
+        self.close()
+        return False
+    
+class SqliteWritableFile(SqliteFsFileBase):
+    '''
+    represents an sqlite file. Usually used for 'writing'. OnClose will
+    actually 'copy the contents from temp disk file to sqlite blob
+    '''
+    def __init__(self,fs, path, id):
+        super(SqliteWritableFile, self).__init__(fs, path, id)
+        #open a temp file and return that.
+        self.real_stream = tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile(max_size='128*1000')
+        
+    def _do_close(self):
+        #push the contents of the file to blob
+        self.fs._writeblob(self.id, self.real_stream)
+        
+    def truncate(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self.real_stream.truncate(*args, **kwargs)
+        
+    def write(self, data):
+        return self.real_stream.write(data)
+
+    def writelines(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self.real_stream.writelines(*args, **kwargs)
+        
+class SqliteReadableFile(SqliteFsFileBase):
+    def __init__(self,fs, path, id, real_file):
+        super(SqliteReadableFile, self).__init__(fs, path, id, real_file)
+        assert(self.real_stream != None)        
+        
+    def _do_close(self):
+        pass
+    
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return iter(self.real_stream)
+
+    def next(self):
+        return self.real_stream.next()
+
+    def readline(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        return self.real_stream.readline(*args, **kwargs)
+    
+    def read(self, size=None):
+        if( size==None):
+            size=-1
+        return self.real_stream.read(size)
+
+            
+class SqliteFS(FS):
+    '''
+    sqlite based file system to store the files in sqlite database as 'blobs'
+    We need two tables one to store file or directory meta data
+    another for storing the file contain. Two are seperate so that same file
+    can be refered from multiple directories.
+    FsFileMetaData table :
+        id : file id
+        name : name of file
+        parent : id of parent directory for the file.
+        
+    FsDirMetaData table:
+        name : name of the directory (wihtout parent directory names)
+        fullpath : full path of the directory including the parent directory name
+        parent_id : id of the parent directory
+                
+    FsFileTable:
+        size : file size in bytes (this is actual file size). Blob size may be
+           different if compressed
+        type : file type (extension or mime type)
+        compression : For future use, Initially None. Later it will define type
+            of compression used to compress the file
+        last_modified : timestamp of last modification
+        author : who changed it last
+        content : blob where actual file contents are stored.
+        
+    TODO : Need an open files table or a flag in sqlite database. To avoid
+    opening the file twice. (even from the different process or thread)
+    '''
+    
+    def __init__(self, sqlite_filename):
+        super(SqliteFS, self).__init__()
+        self.dbpath =sqlite_filename
+        self.dbcon =None        
+        self.__actual_query_cur = None
+        self.__actual_update_cur =None
+        self.open_files = []
+        
+    def close(self):
+        '''
+        unlock all files. and close all open connections.
+        '''
+        self.close_all()        
+        self._closedb()
+        super(SqliteFS,self).close()
+        
+    def _initdb(self):
+        if( self.dbcon is None):
+            self.dbcon = apsw.Connection(self.dbpath)        
+            self._create_tables()
+    
+    @property
+    def _querycur(self):
+        assert(self.dbcon != None)
+        if( self.__actual_query_cur == None):
+            self.__actual_query_cur = self.dbcon.cursor()
+        return(self.__actual_query_cur)
+    
+    @property
+    def _updatecur(self):
+        assert(self.dbcon != None)
+        if( self.__actual_update_cur == None):
+            self.__actual_update_cur = self.dbcon.cursor()
+        return(self.__actual_update_cur)
+        
+    def _closedb(self):
+        self.dbcon.close()
+        
+    def close_all(self):
+        '''
+        close all open files
+        '''
+        openfiles = list(self.open_files)
+        for fileobj in openfiles:
+            fileobj.close()
+        
+    def _create_tables(self):
+        cur = self._updatecur
+        cur.execute("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS FsFileMetaData(name text, fileid INTEGER, parent INTEGER)")
+        cur.execute("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS FsDirMetaData(name text, fullpath TEXT, parentid INTEGER,\
+                    created timestamp)")
+        cur.execute("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS FsFileTable(type text, compression text, author TEXT, \
+                    created timestamp, last_modified timestamp, last_accessed timestamp, \
+                    locked BOOL, size INTEGER, contents BLOB)")
+        
+        #if the root directory name is created
+        rootid = self._get_dir_id('/')
+        if( rootid is None):
+            cur.execute("INSERT INTO FsDirMetaData (name, fullpath) VALUES ('/','/')")
+            
+    def _get_dir_id(self, dirpath):
+        '''
+        get the id for given directory path.
+        '''
+        dirpath = remove_end_slash(dirpath)
+        if( dirpath== None or len(dirpath)==0):
+            dirpath = '/'
+            
+        self._querycur.execute("SELECT rowid from FsDirMetaData where fullpath=?",(dirpath,))
+        dirid = None
+        dirrow = fetchone(self._querycur)
+        if( dirrow):
+            dirid = dirrow[0]
+        
+        return(dirid)
+        
+    def _get_file_id(self, dir_id, filename):
+        '''
+        get the file id from the path
+        '''
+        assert(dir_id != None)
+        assert(filename != None)
+        file_id = None
+        self._querycur.execute("select rowid from FsFileMetaData where name=? and parent=?",(filename,dir_id))
+        row = fetchone(self._querycur)
+        if( row ):
+            file_id = row[0]
+        return(file_id)
+        
+    def _get_file_contentid(self, file_id):
+        '''
+        return the file content id from the 'content' table (i.e. FsFileTable)        
+        '''
+        assert(file_id != None)
+        content_id = None
+        self._querycur.execute("select fileid from FsFileMetaData where ROWID=?",(file_id,))
+        row = fetchone(self._querycur)
+        assert(row != None)
+        content_id = row[0]
+        return(content_id)
+        
+    def _create_file_entry(self, dirid, filename, **kwargs):
+        '''
+        create file entry in the file table
+        '''
+        assert(dirid != None)
+        assert(filename != None)
+        #insert entry in file metadata table
+        author = kwargs.pop('author', None)
+        created = datetime.datetime.now().isoformat()
+        last_modified = created
+        compression = 'raw'
+        size = 0
+        self._updatecur.execute("INSERT INTO FsFileTable(author, compression, size, created, last_modified) \
+                    values(?, ?, ?, ?, ?)",(author, compression, size, created, last_modified))
+        content_id = self.dbcon.last_insert_rowid()
+        #insert entry in file table
+        self._updatecur.execute("INSERT INTO FsFileMetaData(name, parent, fileid) VALUES(?,?,?)",(filename, dirid, content_id))
+        #self.dbcon.commit()
+        fileid = self.dbcon.last_insert_rowid()
+        return(fileid)
+            
+    def _writeblob(self, fileid, stream):
+        '''
+        extract the data from stream and write it as blob.
+        '''
+        size = stream.tell()
+        last_modified = datetime.datetime.now().isoformat()
+        self._updatecur.execute('UPDATE FsFileTable SET size=?, last_modified=?, contents=? where rowid=?',
+                (size, last_modified, apsw.zeroblob(size), fileid))
+        blob_stream=self.dbcon.blobopen("main", "FsFileTable", "contents", fileid, True) # 1 is for read/write
+        stream.seek(0)
+        blob_stream.write(stream.read())
+        blob_stream.close()        
+        
+    def _on_close(self, fileobj):        
+        #Unlock file on close.
+        assert(fileobj != None and fileobj.id != None)
+        self._lockfileentry(fileobj.id, lock=False)
+        #Now remove it from openfile list.
+        self.open_files.remove(fileobj)
+            
+    def _islocked(self, fileid):
+        '''
+        check if the file is locked.
+        '''
+        locked=False
+        if( fileid):
+            content_id = self._get_file_contentid(fileid)
+            assert(content_id != None)
+            self._querycur.execute("select locked from FsFileTable where rowid=?",(content_id,))
+            row = fetchone(self._querycur)
+            assert(row != None)
+            locked = row[0]
+        return(locked)
+        
+    def _lockfileentry(self, contentid, lock=True):
+        '''
+        lock the file entry in the database.
+        '''
+        assert(contentid != None)
+        last_accessed=datetime.datetime.now().isoformat()
+        self._updatecur.execute('UPDATE FsFileTable SET locked=?, last_accessed=? where rowid=?',
+                    (lock, last_accessed, contentid))
+        
+    def _makedir(self, parent_id, dname):        
+        self._querycur.execute("SELECT fullpath from FsDirMetaData where rowid=?",(parent_id,))
+        row = fetchone(self._querycur)
+        assert(row != None)
+        parentpath = row[0]        
+        fullpath= pathjoin(parentpath, dname)
+        fullpath= remove_end_slash(fullpath)        
+        created = datetime.datetime.now().isoformat()
+        self._updatecur.execute('INSERT INTO FsDirMetaData(name, fullpath, parentid,created) \
+                    VALUES(?,?,?,?)', (dname, fullpath, parent_id,created))
+        
+    def _rename_file(self, src, dst):
+        '''
+        rename source file 'src' to destination file 'dst'
+        '''
+        srcdir = dirname(src)
+        srcfname = basename(src)
+        dstdir = dirname(dst)
+        dstfname = basename(dst)
+        #Make sure that the destination directory exists and destination file
+        #doesnot exist.
+        dstdirid = self._get_dir_id(dstdir)
+        if( dstdirid == None):
+            raise ParentDirectoryMissingError(dst)
+        dstfile_id = self._get_file_id(dstdirid, dstfname)
+        if( dstfile_id != None):
+            raise DestinationExistsError(dst)
+        #All checks are done. Delete the entry for the source file.
+        #Create an entry for the destination file.            
+        
+        srcdir_id = self._get_dir_id(srcdir)
+        assert(srcdir_id != None)
+        srcfile_id = self._get_file_id(srcdir_id, srcfname)
+        assert(srcfile_id != None)
+        srccontent_id = self._get_file_contentid(srcfile_id)
+        self._updatecur.execute('DELETE FROM FsFileMetaData where ROWID=?',(srcfile_id,))
+        self._updatecur.execute("INSERT INTO FsFileMetaData(name, parent, fileid) \
+                            VALUES(?,?,?)",(dstfname, dstdirid, srccontent_id))
+        
+    def _rename_dir(self, src, dst):
+        src = remove_end_slash(src)
+        dst = remove_end_slash(dst)
+        dstdirid = self._get_dir_id(dst)
+        if( dstdirid != None):
+            raise DestinationExistsError(dst)
+        dstparent = dirname(dst)
+        dstparentid = self._get_dir_id(dstparent)
+        if(dstparentid == None):
+            raise ParentDirectoryMissingError(dst)
+        srcdirid = self._get_dir_id(src)
+        assert(srcdirid != None)
+        dstdname = basename(dst)        
+        self._updatecur.execute('UPDATE FsDirMetaData SET name=?, fullpath=?, \
+                    parentid=? where ROWID=?',(dstdname, dst, dstparentid, srcdirid,))
+        
+    def _get_dir_list(self, dirid, path, full):
+        assert(dirid != None)
+        assert(path != None)
+        if( full==True):
+            dirsearchpath = path + r'%'
+            self._querycur.execute('SELECT fullpath FROM FsDirMetaData where fullpath LIKE ?',
+                                   (dirsearchpath,))            
+        else:
+            #search inside this directory only
+            self._querycur.execute('SELECT fullpath FROM FsDirMetaData where parentid=?',
+                                   (dirid,))
+        dirlist = [row[0] for row in self._querycur]        
+        return dirlist
+            
+    def _get_file_list(self, dirpath, full):
+        assert(dirpath != None)
+                
+        if( full==True):
+            searchpath = dirpath + r"%"
+            self._querycur.execute('SELECT FsFileMetaData.name, FsDirMetaData.fullpath \
+                FROM FsFileMetaData, FsDirMetaData where FsFileMetaData.parent=FsDirMetaData.ROWID \
+                    and FsFileMetaData.parent in (SELECT rowid FROM FsDirMetaData \
+                    where fullpath LIKE ?)',(searchpath,))
+        else:
+            parentid = self._get_dir_id(dirpath)
+            self._querycur.execute('SELECT FsFileMetaData.name, FsDirMetaData.fullpath \
+                FROM FsFileMetaData, FsDirMetaData where FsFileMetaData.parent=FsDirMetaData.ROWID \
+                    and FsFileMetaData.parent =?',(parentid,))
+            
+        filelist = [pathjoin(row[1],row[0]) for row in self._querycur]        
+        return(filelist)
+        
+    def _get_dir_info(self, path):
+        '''
+        get the directory information dictionary.
+        '''
+        info = dict()
+        info['st_mode'] = 0755
+        return info
+        
+    def _get_file_info(self, path):
+        filedir = dirname(path)
+        filename = basename(path)
+        dirid = self._get_dir_id(filedir)
+        assert(dirid is not None)
+        fileid = self._get_file_id(dirid, filename)
+        assert(fileid is not None)
+        contentid = self._get_file_contentid(fileid)
+        assert(contentid is not None)
+        self._querycur.execute('SELECT author, size, created, last_modified, last_accessed \
+                        FROM FsFileTable where rowid=?',(contentid,))
+        row = fetchone(self._querycur)
+        assert(row != None)
+        info = dict()
+        info['author'] = row[0]
+        info['size'] = row[1]
+        info['created'] = row[2]
+        info['last_modified'] = row[3]
+        info['last_accessed'] = row[4]
+        info['st_mode'] = 0666
+        return(info)
+        
+    def _isfile(self,path):
+        path = normpath(path)
+        filedir = dirname(path)
+        filename = basename(path)
+        dirid = self._get_dir_id(filedir)        
+        return(dirid is not None and self._get_file_id(dirid, filename) is not None)
+        
+    def _isdir(self,path):
+        path = normpath(path)        
+        return(self._get_dir_id(path) is not None)
+        
+    def _isexist(self,path):
+        return self._isfile(path) or self._isdir(path)
+        
+    @synchronize
+    def open(self, path, mode='r', **kwargs):
+        self._initdb()
+        path = normpath(path)
+        filedir = dirname(path)
+        filename = basename(path)
+        
+        dir_id = self._get_dir_id(filedir)
+        if( dir_id == None):
+            raise ResourceNotFoundError(filedir)
+            
+        file_id = self._get_file_id(dir_id, filename)        
+        if( self._islocked(file_id)):
+                raise ResourceLockedError(path)            
+            
+        sqfsfile=None
+        if 'r' in mode:
+            if file_id is None:
+                raise ResourceNotFoundError(path)
+            content_id = self._get_file_contentid(file_id)
+            #make sure lock status is updated before the blob is opened
+            self._lockfileentry(content_id, lock=True)
+            blob_stream=self.dbcon.blobopen("main", "FsFileTable", "contents", file_id, False) # 1 is for read/write
+            sqfsfile = SqliteReadableFile(self, path, content_id, blob_stream)            
+                    
+        elif 'w' in mode or 'a' in mode:
+            if( file_id is None):
+                file_id= self._create_file_entry(dir_id, filename)
+                assert(file_id != None)
+            
+            content_id = self._get_file_contentid(file_id)
+            #file_dir_entry.accessed_time = datetime.datetime.now()                        
+            self._lockfileentry(content_id, lock=True)
+            sqfsfile = SqliteWritableFile(self, path, content_id)            
+            
+        if( sqfsfile):
+            self.open_files.append(sqfsfile)
+            return sqfsfile
+        
+        raise ResourceNotFoundError(path)        
+    
+    @synchronize
+    def isfile(self, path):
+        self._initdb()
+        return self._isfile(path)
+        
+    @synchronize
+    def isdir(self, path):
+        self._initdb()
+        return self._isdir(path)
+    
+    @synchronize
+    def listdir(self, path='/', wildcard=None, full=False, absolute=False, dirs_only=False, files_only=False):
+        path = normpath(path)        
+        dirid = self._get_dir_id(path)
+        if( dirid == None):
+            raise ResourceInvalidError(path)
+        
+        dirlist = self._get_dir_list(dirid, path,full)
+        if( dirs_only):
+            pathlist = dirlist
+        else:            
+            filelist = self._get_file_list(path, full)
+            
+            if( files_only == True):
+                pathlist = filelist
+            else:
+                pathlist = filelist + dirlist
+                
+            
+        if( wildcard and dirs_only == False):
+            pass
+        
+        if( absolute == False):
+            pathlist = map(lambda dpath:frombase(path,dpath), pathlist)
+            
+        return(pathlist)
+        
+    
+    @synchronize
+    def makedir(self, path, recursive=False, allow_recreate=False):
+        self._initdb()
+        path = remove_end_slash(normpath(path))
+            
+        if(self._isexist(path)==False):
+            parentdir = dirname(path)
+            dname = basename(path)
+            
+            parent_id = self._get_dir_id(parentdir)
+            if( parent_id ==None):
+                if( recursive == False):                
+                    raise ParentDirectoryMissingError(path)
+                else:
+                    self.makedir(parentdir, recursive,allow_recreate)
+                    parent_id = self._get_dir_id(parentdir)
+            self._makedir(parent_id,dname)
+        else:
+            raise DestinationExistsError(path)
+    
+    @synchronize
+    def remove(self, path):
+        self._initdb()
+        path = normpath(path)
+        if( self.isdir(path)==True):
+            #path is actually a directory
+            raise ResourceInvalidError(path)
+        
+        filedir = dirname(path)
+        filename = basename(path)
+        dirid = self._get_dir_id(filedir)
+        fileid = self._get_file_id(dirid, filename)
+        if( fileid == None):
+            raise ResourceNotFoundError(path)
+        
+        content_id = self._get_file_contentid(fileid)
+        
+        self._updatecur.execute("DELETE FROM FsFileMetaData where ROWID=?",(fileid,))
+        #check there is any other file pointing to same location. If not
+        #delete the content as well.
+        self._querycur.execute('SELECT count(*) FROM FsFileMetaData where fileid=?',
+                    (content_id,))
+        row = fetchone(self._querycur)
+        if( row == None or row[0] == 0):
+            self._updatecur.execute("DELETE FROM FsFileTable where ROWID=?",(content_id,))            
+    
+    @synchronize
+    def removedir(self,path, recursive=False, force=False):
+        self._initdb()
+        path = normpath(path)
+        if( self.isfile(path)==True):
+            #path is actually a file
+            raise ResourceInvalidError(path)
+        dirid = self._get_dir_id(path)
+        if( dirid == None):
+            raise ResourceNotFoundError(path)
+        #check if there are any files in this directory
+        self._querycur.execute("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM FsFileMetaData where parent=?",(dirid,))
+        row = fetchone(self._qurycur)
+        if( row[0] > 0):
+            raise DirectoryNotEmptyError(path)
+        self._updatecur.execute("DELETE FROM FsDirMetaData where ROWID=?",(dirid,))            
+    
+    @synchronize
+    def rename(self,src, dst):
+        self._initdb()
+        src = normpath(src)
+        dst = normpath(dst)
+        if self._isexist(dst)== False:
+            #first check if this is a directory rename or a file rename        
+            if( self.isfile(src)):
+                self._rename_file(src, dst)
+            elif self.isdir(src):
+                self._rename_dir(src, dst)
+            else:
+                raise ResourceNotFoundError(path)
+        else:            
+            raise DestinationExistsError(dst)
+            
+    @synchronize
+    def getinfo(self, path):
+        self._initdb()        
+        path = normpath(path)
+        isfile = False
+        isdir = self.isdir(path)
+        if( isdir == False):
+            isfile=self.isfile(path)
+        
+        if( not isfile and not isdir):
+            raise ResourceNotFoundError(path)
+                    
+        if isdir:
+            info= self._get_dir_info(path)
+        else:
+            info= self._get_file_info(path)
+        return(info)
+
+#import msvcrt # built-in module
+#
+#def kbfunc():
+#    return ord(msvcrt.getch()) if msvcrt.kbhit() else 0
+#
+#def mount_windows(sqlfilename, driveletter):
+#    sqfs = SqliteFS(sqlfilename)
+#    from fs.expose import dokan
+#    #mp = dokan.mount(sqfs,driveletter,foreground=True)
+#    #mp.unmount()
+#    sqfs.close()
+#    
+#def run_tests(sqlfilename):
+#    fs = SqliteFS(sqlfilename)
+#    fs.makedir('/test')
+#    f = fs.open('/test/test.txt', "w")
+#    f.write("This is a test")
+#    f.close()
+#    f = fs.open('/test/test.txt', "r")
+#    contents = f.read()
+#    print contents
+#    f.close()
+#    print "testing file rename"
+#    fs.rename('/test/test.txt', '/test/test1.txt')
+#    f = fs.open('/test/test1.txt', "r")
+#    print contents
+#    f.close()
+#    print "done testing file rename"
+#    print "testing directory rename"
+#    fs.rename('/test', '/test1')
+#    f = fs.open('/test1/test1.txt', "r")
+#    contents = f.read()
+#    print contents
+#    f.close()
+#    print "done testing directory rename"
+#    flist = fs.listdir('/', full=True,absolute=True,files_only=True)
+#    print flist
+#    fs.close()
+#    
+#if __name__ == '__main__':
+#    run_tests("sqfs.sqlite")
+#    mount_windows("sqfs.sqlite", 'm')
+#    
+#    #fs.remove('/test1/test1.txt')
+#    #try:
+#    #    f = fs.open('/test1/test1.txt', "r")
+#    #except ResourceNotFoundError:
+#    #    print "Success : file doesnot exist"
+#    #fs.browse()
+#    
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