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+#!/usr/bin/env newlisp
+;; @module reversi.lsp
+;; @description a simple version of Reversi: you as white against newLISP as black
+;; @version 0.1 alpha August 2007
+;; @author cormullion
+;;
+;; 2008-10-08 21:46:54
+;; updated for newLISP version 10. (changed nth-set to setf)
+;; this now does not work with newLISP version 9!
+;;
+;; This is my first attempt at writing a simple application using newLISP-GS.
+;; The game algorithms are basically by 
+;; Peter Norvig http://norvig.com/paip/othello.lisp
+;; and all I've done is translate to newLISP and add the interface...
+;;
+;; To-Do: work out how to handle the end of the game properly...
+;; To-Do: complete newlispdoc for the functions
+
+(constant 'empty 0) 
+(constant 'black 1) 
+(constant 'white 2)
+(constant 'outer 3) ; squares outside the 8x8 board
+
+(set '*board* '()) ; the master board is a 100 element list
+(set '*moves* '()) ; list of moves made
+
+; these are the 8 different directions from a square on the board
+
+(set 'all-directions '(-11 -10 -9 -1 1 9 10 11))
+
+; return a list of all the playable squares (the 8 by 8 grid inside the 10by10
+
+(define (all-squares)
+  (local (result)
+     (for (square 11 88)
+        (if (<= 1 (mod square 10) 8)
+           (push square result -1)))
+result))
+
+; make a board
+
+(define (make-board)
+  (set '*board* (dup outer 100))
+  (dolist (s (all-squares))
+     (setf (*board* s) empty)))
+
+; for testing and working at a terminal
+
+(define (print-board)
+  (print { })
+  (for (c 1 8)
+     (print c))
+  (set 'c 0)
+  (for (i 0 99)
+     (cond
+        ((= (*board* i) 0) (print {.}))
+        ((= (*board* i) 1) (print {b}))
+        ((= (*board* i) 2) (print {w})))
+     (if (and (<= i 88) (= (mod (+ i 1) 10) 0)) ; newline
+        (print "\n" (inc c))))
+  (println "\n"))
+
+; the initial starting pattern
+
+(define (initial-board)
+  (make-board)
+  (setf (*board* 44) white)
+  (setf (*board* 55) white)
+  (setf (*board* 45) black)
+  (setf (*board* 54) black))
+
+(define (opponent player)
+  (if (= player black) white black))
+
+(define (player-name player)
+  (if (= player white) "white" "black"))
+  
+(define (valid-move? move)
+  (and 
+     (integer? move)
+     (<= 11 move 88)
+     (<= 1 (mod move 10) 8)))
+
+(define (empty-square? square)
+  (and
+     (valid-move? square)
+     (= (*board* square) empty)))
+     
+; test whether a move is legal. The square must be empty
+; and it must flip at least one of the opponent's piece
+
+(define (legal-move? move player)
+  (and 
+     (empty-square? move)
+     (exists (fn (dir) (would-flip? move player dir)) all-directions)))
+
+; would this move by player result in any flips in the given direction?
+; if so, return the number of the 'opposite' (bracketing) piece's square
+
+(define (would-flip? move player dir) 
+  (let 
+     ((c (+ move dir)))
+     (and 
+        (= (*board* c) (opponent player))
+        (find-bracketing-piece (+ c dir) player dir))))
+  
+(define (find-bracketing-piece square player dir)
+  ; return the square of the bracketing piece, if any
+  (cond
+     ((= (*board* square) player) square)
+     ((= (*board* square) (opponent player))
+        (find-bracketing-piece (+ square dir) player dir))
+     (true nil)))
+
+(define (make-flips move player dir)
+  (let 
+     ((bracketer (would-flip? move player dir))
+      (c (+ move dir)))
+  (if bracketer
+     (do-until (= c bracketer)
+        (setf (*board* c) player)
+        (push c *flips* -1)
+        (inc c dir)))))
+
+; make the move on the master game board, not yet visually
+
+(define (make-move move player)
+  (setf (*board* move) player)
+  (push move *moves* -1)
+  (set '*flips* '()) ; we're going to keep a record of the flips made
+  (dolist (dir all-directions)
+     (make-flips move player dir)))
+
+(define (next-to-play previous-player)
+  (let ((opp (opponent previous-player)))
+     (cond
+        ((any-legal-move? opp) opp)
+        ((any-legal-move? previous-player)
+           (println (player-name opp) " has no moves")
+           previous-player)
+        (true nil))))
+        
+; are there any legal moves (returns first) for this player?
+(define (any-legal-move? player)
+  (exists (fn (move) (legal-move? move player)) 
+     (all-squares)))
+
+; a list of all legal moves might be useful
+(define (legal-moves player)
+  (let ((result '()))
+     (dolist (move (all-squares))
+        (if (legal-move? move player)
+           (push move result)))
+  (unique result)))
+
+; define any number of strategies that can be called on to calculate
+; the next computer move. This is the only one I've done... - make 
+; any legal move at random!
+
+(define (random-strategy player)
+  (seed (date-value))
+  (apply amb (legal-moves player)))
+
+; get the next move using a particular strategy
+
+(define (get-move strategy player)
+ (let ((move (apply strategy (list player))))
+  (cond
+     ((and
+        (valid-move? move)
+        (legal-move? move player))
+            (make-move move player))
+     (true  
+        (println "no valid or legal move for " (player-name player) )
+        nil))
+  move))
+
+; that's about all the game algorithms for now
+; now for the interface
+
+(if (= ostype "Win32")
+   (load (string (env "PROGRAMFILES") "/newlisp/guiserver.lsp"))
+   (load "/usr/share/newlisp/guiserver.lsp")
+)
+
+(gs:init)
+(map set '(screen-width screen-height) (gs:get-screen))
+(set 'board-width 540)
+; center on screen
+(gs:frame 'Reversi (- (/ screen-width 2) (/ board-width 2)) 60 board-width 660 "Reversi")
+(gs:set-border-layout 'Reversi)
+
+(gs:canvas 'MyCanvas 'Reversi)
+  (gs:set-background 'MyCanvas '(.8 .9 .7 .8))
+  (gs:mouse-released 'MyCanvas 'mouse-released-action true)
+
+(gs:panel 'Controls)
+  (gs:button 'Start 'start-game "Start")
+
+(gs:panel 'Lower)
+  (gs:label 'WhiteScore "")
+  (gs:label 'BlackScore "")
+
+(gs:add-to 'Controls 'Start )
+(gs:add-to 'Lower 'WhiteScore 'BlackScore)
+(gs:add-to 'Reversi 'MyCanvas "center" 'Controls "north" 'Lower "south")
+
+(gs:set-anti-aliasing true)
+(gs:set-visible 'Reversi true)
+
+; size of board square, and radius/width of counter
+(set 'size 60 'width 30)
+
+; initialize the master board
+
+(define (initial-board)
+  (make-board)
+  (setf (*board* 44) white)
+  (setf (*board* 55) white)
+  (setf (*board* 45) black)
+  (setf (*board* 54) black)  
+)
+
+; draw a graphical repesentation of the board
+
+(define (draw-board)
+  (local (x y)
+     (dolist (i (all-squares))
+        (map set '(x y) (square-to-xy i))
+        (gs:draw-rect 
+           (string x y) 
+           (- (* y size) width ) ; !!!!!!
+           (- (* x size) width )
+           (* width 2)
+           (* width 2)
+           gs:white))))
+
+(define (draw-first-four-pieces)
+  (draw-piece 44 "white")
+  (draw-piece 55 "white")
+  (draw-piece 45 "black")
+  (draw-piece 54 "black"))
+
+; this next function can mark the legal moves available to a player
+
+(define (show-legal-moves player)
+  (local (legal-move-list x y)
+     (set 'legal-move-list (legal-moves player))
+     (dolist (m (all-squares))
+        (map set '(x y) (square-to-xy m))
+        (gs:draw-rect 
+           (string x y) 
+           (- (* y size) width ) ; !!!!!!
+           (- (* x size) width )
+           (* width 2)
+           (* width 2)
+           (if (find m legal-move-list) gs:blue gs:white)
+        )
+     )
+  )
+)
+
+; convert the number of a square on the master board to coordinates
+
+(define (square-to-xy square) 
+  (list (/ square 10) (mod square 10)))
+
+; draw one of the pieces
+
+(define (draw-piece square colour)
+  (local (x y)
+  (map set '(x y) (square-to-xy square))
+  (cond 
+     ((= colour "white") 
+        (gs:fill-circle 
+           (string x y) 
+           (* y size)  ; !!!!!!! y first, cos y is x ;-)
+           (* x size) 
+           width
+           gs:white))
+     
+     ((= colour "black") 
+        (gs:fill-circle 
+           (string x y) 
+           (* y size) 
+           (* x size) 
+           width
+           gs:black))
+     
+     ((= colour "empty") 
+        (gs:draw-rect 
+           (string x y) 
+           (- (* y size) width ) 
+           (- (* x size) width )
+           (* width 2)
+           (* width 2)
+           gs:white))
+  )))
+
+; animate the pieces flipping
+
+(define (flip-piece square player)
+; flip by drawing thinner and fatter ellipses 
+; go from full disk in opposite colour to invisible
+; then from invisible to full disk in true colour
+  (local (x y colour)
+     (map set '(x y) (square-to-xy square))
+     ; delete original piece
+     (gs:delete-tag (string x y))
+     (set 'colour (if (= player 2) gs:black gs:white )) 
+     (for (i width  1 -3)
+        (gs:fill-ellipse 
+           (string x y {flip} i) 
+           (* y size) ; y first :-) !!! 
+           (* x size) 
+           i 
+           width
+           colour)
+        (sleep 20)  ; this might need adjusting...
+        (gs:delete-tag (string x y {flip} i))
+     )
+     (set 'colour (if (= player 2) gs:white gs:black))
+     (for (i 1 width 3)
+        (gs:fill-ellipse 
+           (string x y {flip} i) 
+           (* y size) ; :-) !!! 
+           (* x size) 
+           i 
+           width
+           colour)
+        (sleep 20)  
+        (gs:delete-tag (string x y {flip} i))
+     )
+     ; draw the piece again
+     (gs:fill-circle 
+           (string x y) 
+           (* y size)
+           (* x size) 
+           width
+           colour)
+  )
+)
+
+(define (do-move move player)
+  (cond 
+     ; check if the move is good ...
+     ((and (!= player nil)
+           (valid-move? move)
+           (legal-move? move player))
+           
+           ; ... play it
+              ; make move on board
+              (make-move move player)
+              ; and on screen
+              (draw-piece move (player-name player))
+              (gs:update)
+              ; do flipping stuff
+              
+              ; wait for a while
+              (sleep 1000)
+  
+              ; then do flipping
+              (dolist (f *flips*)
+                 (flip-piece f player))
+              
+              (inc *move-number*)
+              (draw-piece move (player-name player))
+              (gs:update)
+
+              ; update scores
+              (gs:set-text 'WhiteScore 
+                 (string "White: " (first (count (list white) *board*))))
+              (gs:set-text 'BlackScore
+                 (string "Black: " (first (count (list black) *board*))))
+              )
+     ; or return nil
+     (true 
+           nil)))
+
+; the game is driven by the mouse clicks of the user
+; in reply, the computer plays a black piece
+; premature clicking is possible and possibly a bad thing...
+
+(define (mouse-released-action x y button modifiers tags)
+  ; extract the tag of the clicked square
+  (set 'move (int (string (first tags)) 0 10))
+  (if (do-move move player)
+     (begin
+        (set 'player (next-to-play player))
+        ; there is a training mode - legal squares are highlighted
+        ; you can uncomment the next line...
+        ; (show-legal-moves player)
+        (gs:update)
+        
+        ; wait for black's reply
+        (gs:set-cursor 'Reversi "wait")
+        (gs:set-text 'Start "black's move - thinking...")
+        ; give the illusion of Deep Thought...
+        (sleep 2000)
+        ; black's reply
+        ; currently only the random strategy has been defined...
+        (set 'strategy random-strategy)
+        (set 'move (apply strategy (list player)))
+        (do-move move player)
+        (set 'player (next-to-play player))
+        ; (show-legal-moves player) ; to see black's moves
+        (gs:set-text 'Start "your move")
+        (gs:set-cursor 'Reversi "default")
+        (gs:update))))
+
+(define (start-game)
+  (gs:set-text 'Start "Click a square to place a piece!")
+  (gs:disable 'Start)
+  (set 'player white))
+
+(define (start)
+  (gs:set-text 'Start "Start")
+  (gs:enable 'Start)
+  (set  '*move-number* 1
+        '*flips* '())
+  (initial-board)
+  (draw-board)
+  (draw-first-four-pieces))
+
+(start)
+
+(gs:listen)
\ No newline at end of file