Render NULL for bindparam w/ None value/literal_binds, warn

Adjusted the "literal_binds" feature of :class:`_sql.Compiler` to render
NULL for a bound parameter that has ``None`` as the value, either
explicitly passed or omitted. The previous error message "bind parameter
without a renderable value" is removed, and a missing or ``None`` value
will now render NULL in all cases. Previously, rendering of NULL was
starting to happen for DML statements due to internal refactorings, but was
not explicitly part of test coverage, which it now is.

While no error is raised, when the context is within that of a column
comparison, and the operator is not "IS"/"IS NOT", a warning is emitted
that this is not generally useful from a SQL perspective.

Fixes: #5888
Change-Id: Id5939d8dbfb1156a9f8a7f7e76cf18327155331a

1 files changed, 10 insertions, 4 deletions

diff --git a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/compiler.py b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/compiler.py
index aabc257eb..353de2c48 100644
--- a/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/compiler.py
+++ b/lib/sqlalchemy/sql/compiler.py
@@ -2055,6 +2055,7 @@ class SQLCompiler(Compiled):
         _in_binary = kw.get("_in_binary", False)
 
         kw["_in_binary"] = True
+        kw["_binary_op"] = binary.operator
         text = (
             binary.left._compiler_dispatch(
                 self, eager_grouping=eager_grouping, **kw
@@ -2306,10 +2307,15 @@ class SQLCompiler(Compiled):
             value = render_literal_value
         else:
             if bindparam.value is None and bindparam.callable is None:
-                raise exc.CompileError(
-                    "Bind parameter '%s' without a "
-                    "renderable value not allowed here." % bindparam.key
-                )
+                op = kw.get("_binary_op", None)
+                if op and op not in (operators.is_, operators.is_not):
+                    util.warn_limited(
+                        "Bound parameter '%s' rendering literal NULL in a SQL "
+                        "expression; comparisons to NULL should not use "
+                        "operators outside of 'is' or 'is not'",
+                        (bindparam.key,),
+                    )
+                return self.process(sqltypes.NULLTYPE, **kw)
             value = bindparam.effective_value
 
         if bindparam.expanding: