Remove all remaining text() coercions and ensure identifiers are safe

Fully removed the behavior of strings passed directly as components of a
:func:`.select` or :class:`.Query` object being coerced to :func:`.text`
constructs automatically; the warning that has been emitted is now an
ArgumentError or in the case of order_by() / group_by() a CompileError.
This has emitted a warning since version 1.0 however its presence continues
to create concerns for the potential of mis-use of this behavior.

Note that public CVEs have been posted for order_by() / group_by() which
are resolved by this commit:  CVE-2019-7164  CVE-2019-7548

Added "SQL phrase validation" to key DDL phrases that are accepted as plain
strings, including :paramref:`.ForeignKeyConstraint.on_delete`,
:paramref:`.ForeignKeyConstraint.on_update`,
:paramref:`.ExcludeConstraint.using`,
:paramref:`.ForeignKeyConstraint.initially`, for areas where a series of SQL
keywords only are expected.Any non-space characters that suggest the phrase
would need to be quoted will raise a :class:`.CompileError`.   This change
is related to the series of changes committed as part of :ticket:`4481`.

Fixed issue where using an uppercase name for an index type (e.g. GIST,
BTREE, etc. ) or an EXCLUDE constraint would treat it as an identifier to
be quoted, rather than rendering it as is. The new behavior converts these
types to lowercase and ensures they contain only valid SQL characters.

Quoting is applied to :class:`.Function` names, those which are usually but
not necessarily generated from the :attr:`.sql.func` construct,  at compile
time if they contain illegal characters, such as spaces or punctuation. The
names are as before treated as case insensitive however, meaning if the
names contain uppercase or mixed case characters, that alone does not
trigger quoting. The case insensitivity is currently maintained for
backwards compatibility.

Fixes: #4481
Fixes: #4473
Fixes: #4467
Change-Id: Ib22a27d62930e24702e2f0f7c74a0473385a08eb

1 files changed, 37 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/test/sql/test_functions.py b/test/sql/test_functions.py
index 83277ae98..5fb4bc2e4 100644
--- a/test/sql/test_functions.py
+++ b/test/sql/test_functions.py
@@ -95,6 +95,43 @@ class CompileTest(fixtures.TestBase, AssertsCompiledSQL):
     def test_underscores(self):
         self.assert_compile(func.if_(), "if()")
 
+    def test_underscores_packages(self):
+        self.assert_compile(func.foo_.bar_.if_(), "foo.bar.if()")
+
+    def test_uppercase(self):
+        # for now, we need to keep case insensitivity
+        self.assert_compile(func.NOW(), "NOW()")
+
+    def test_uppercase_packages(self):
+        # for now, we need to keep case insensitivity
+        self.assert_compile(func.FOO.BAR.NOW(), "FOO.BAR.NOW()")
+
+    def test_mixed_case(self):
+        # for now, we need to keep case insensitivity
+        self.assert_compile(func.SomeFunction(), "SomeFunction()")
+
+    def test_mixed_case_packages(self):
+        # for now, we need to keep case insensitivity
+        self.assert_compile(
+            func.Foo.Bar.SomeFunction(), "Foo.Bar.SomeFunction()"
+        )
+
+    def test_quote_special_chars(self):
+        # however we need to be quoting any other identifiers
+        self.assert_compile(
+            getattr(func, "im a function")(), '"im a function"()'
+        )
+
+    def test_quote_special_chars_packages(self):
+        # however we need to be quoting any other identifiers
+        self.assert_compile(
+            getattr(
+                getattr(getattr(func, "im foo package"), "im bar package"),
+                "im a function",
+            )(),
+            '"im foo package"."im bar package"."im a function"()',
+        )
+
     def test_generic_now(self):
         assert isinstance(func.now().type, sqltypes.DateTime)