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* add deterministic imv returning ordering using sentinel columnsMike Bayer2023-04-211-0/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Repaired a major shortcoming which was identified in the :ref:`engine_insertmanyvalues` performance optimization feature first introduced in the 2.0 series. This was a continuation of the change in 2.0.9 which disabled the SQL Server version of the feature due to a reliance in the ORM on apparent row ordering that is not guaranteed to take place. The fix applies new logic to all "insertmanyvalues" operations, which takes effect when a new parameter :paramref:`_dml.Insert.returning.sort_by_parameter_order` on the :meth:`_dml.Insert.returning` or :meth:`_dml.UpdateBase.return_defaults` methods, that through a combination of alternate SQL forms, direct correspondence of client side parameters, and in some cases downgrading to running row-at-a-time, will apply sorting to each batch of returned rows using correspondence to primary key or other unique values in each row which can be correlated to the input data. Performance impact is expected to be minimal as nearly all common primary key scenarios are suitable for parameter-ordered batching to be achieved for all backends other than SQLite, while "row-at-a-time" mode operates with a bare minimum of Python overhead compared to the very heavyweight approaches used in the 1.x series. For SQLite, there is no difference in performance when "row-at-a-time" mode is used. It's anticipated that with an efficient "row-at-a-time" INSERT with RETURNING batching capability, the "insertmanyvalues" feature can be later be more easily generalized to third party backends that include RETURNING support but not necessarily easy ways to guarantee a correspondence with parameter order. Fixes: #9618 References: #9603 Change-Id: I1d79353f5f19638f752936ba1c35e4dc235a8b7c
* audition pymssql once more; retire sane_rowcount_returningMike Bayer2023-03-041-1/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | pymssql seems to be maintained again and seems to be working completely, so let's try re-enabling it. Fixed issue in the new :class:`.Uuid` datatype which prevented it from working with the pymssql driver. As pymssql seems to be maintained again, restored testing support for pymssql. Tweaked the pymssql dialect to take better advantage of RETURNING for INSERT statements in order to retrieve last inserted primary key values, in the same way as occurs for the mssql+pyodbc dialect right now. Identified that the ``sqlite`` and ``mssql+pyodbc`` dialects are now compatible with the SQLAlchemy ORM's "versioned rows" feature, since SQLAlchemy now computes rowcount for a RETURNING statement in this specific case by counting the rows returned, rather than relying upon ``cursor.rowcount``. In particular, the ORM versioned rows use case (documented at :ref:`mapper_version_counter`) should now be fully supported with the SQL Server pyodbc dialect. Change-Id: I38a0666587212327aecf8f98e86031ab25d1f14d References: #5321 Fixes: #9414
* ensure single import per lineMike Bayer2023-02-281-1/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This adds the very small plugin flake8-import-single which will prevent us from having an import with more than one symbol on a line. Flake8 by itself prevents this pattern with E401: import collections, os, sys However does not do anything with this: from sqlalchemy import Column, text Both statements have the same issues generating merge artifacts as well as presenting a manual decision to be made. While zimports generally cleans up such imports at the top level, we don't enforce zimports / pre-commit use. the plugin finds the same issue for imports that are inside of test methods. We shouldn't usually have imports in test methods so most of them here are moved to be top level. The version is pinned at 0.1.5; the project seems to have no activity since 2019, however there are three 0.1.6dev releases on pypi which stopped in September 2019, they seem to be experiments with packaging. The source for 0.1.5 is extremely simple and only reveals one method to flake8 (the run() method). Change-Id: Icea894e43bad9c0b5d4feb5f49c6c666d6ea6aa1
* Add ``Table.autoincrement_column``Federico Caselli2023-02-141-0/+2
| | | | | | | | Added public property :attr:`_sql.Table.autoincrement_column` that returns the column identified as autoincrementing in the column. Fixes: #9277 Change-Id: If60d6f92e0df94f57d00ff6d89d285c61b02f5a4
* Try running pyupgrade on the codeFederico Caselli2022-11-161-3/+3
| | | | | | | | command run is "pyupgrade --py37-plus --keep-runtime-typing --keep-percent-format <files...>" pyupgrade will change assert_ to assertTrue. That was reverted since assertTrue does not exists in sqlalchemy fixtures Change-Id: Ie1ed2675c7b11d893d78e028aad0d1576baebb55
* Revert automatic set of sequence start to 1Federico Caselli2022-10-171-3/+7
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The :class:`.Sequence` construct restores itself to the DDL behavior it had prior to the 1.4 series, where creating a :class:`.Sequence` with no additional arguments will emit a simple ``CREATE SEQUENCE`` instruction **without** any additional parameters for "start value". For most backends, this is how things worked previously in any case; **however**, for MS SQL Server, the default value on this database is ``-2**63``; to prevent this generally impractical default from taking effect on SQL Server, the :paramref:`.Sequence.start` parameter should be provided. As usage of :class:`.Sequence` is unusual for SQL Server which for many years has standardized on ``IDENTITY``, it is hoped that this change has minimal impact. Fixes: #7211 Change-Id: I1207ea10c8cb1528a1519a0fb3581d9621c27b31
* Generalize RETURNING and suppor for MariaDB / SQLiteDaniel Black2022-06-021-7/+14
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | As almost every dialect supports RETURNING now, RETURNING is also made more of a default assumption. * the default compiler generates a RETURNING clause now when specified; CompileError is no longer raised. * The dialect-level implicit_returning parameter now has no effect. It's not fully clear if there are real world cases relying on the dialect-level parameter, so we will see once 2.0 is released. ORM-level RETURNING can be disabled at the table level, and perhaps "implicit returning" should become an ORM-level option at some point as that's where it applies. * Altered ORM update() / delete() to respect table-level implicit returning for fetch. * Since MariaDB doesnt support UPDATE returning, "full_returning" is now split into insert_returning, update_returning, delete_returning * Crazy new thing. Dialects that have *both* cursor.lastrowid *and* returning. so now we can pick between them for SQLite and mariadb. so, we are trying to keep it on .lastrowid for simple inserts with an autoincrement column, this helps with some edge case test scenarios and i bet .lastrowid is faster anyway. any return_defaults() / multiparams etc then we use returning * SQLite decided they dont want to return rows that match in ON CONFLICT. this is flat out wrong, but for now we need to work with it. Fixes: #6195 Fixes: #7011 Closes: #7047 Pull-request: https://github.com/sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy/pull/7047 Pull-request-sha: d25d5ea3abe094f282c53c7dd87f5f53a9e85248 Co-authored-by: Mike Bayer <mike_mp@zzzcomputing.com> Change-Id: I9908ce0ff7bdc50bd5b27722081767c31c19a950
* update for flake8-future-imports 0.0.5Mike Bayer2022-05-141-3/+3
| | | | | | | | a whole bunch of errors were apparently blocked by 0.0.4 being installed. Fixes: #8020 Change-Id: I22a0faeaabe03de501897893391946d677c2df7e
* pep484: schema APIMike Bayer2022-04-151-4/+35
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | implement strict typing for schema.py this module has lots of public API, lots of old decisions and very hard to follow construction sequences in many cases, and is also where we get a lot of new feature requests, so strict typing should help keep things clean. among improvements here, fixed the pool .info getters and also figured out how to get ColumnCollection and related to be covariant so that we may set them up as returning Column or ColumnClause without any conflicts. DDL was affected, noting that superclasses of DDLElement (_DDLCompiles, added recently) can now be passed into "ddl_if" callables; reorganized ddl into ExecutableDDLElement as a new name for DDLElement and _DDLCompiles renamed to BaseDDLElement. setting up strict also located an API use case that is completely broken, which is connection.execute(some_default) returns a scalar value. This case has been deprecated and new paths have been set up so that connection.scalar() may be used. This likely wasn't possible in previous versions because scalar() would assume a CursorResult. The scalar() change also impacts Session as we have explicit support (since someone had reported it as a regression) for session.execute(Sequence()) to work. They will get the same deprecation message (which omits the word "Connection", just uses ".execute()" and ".scalar()") and they can then use Session.scalar() as well. Getting this to type correctly while still supporting ORM use cases required some refactoring, and I also set up a keyword only delimeter for Session.execute() and related as execution_options / bind_arguments should always be keyword only, applied these changes to AsyncSession as well. Additionally simpify Table __init__ now that we are Python 3 only, we can have positional plus explicit kwargs finally. Simplify Column.__init__ as well again taking advantage of kw only arguments. Fill in most/all __init__ methods in sqltypes.py as the constructor for types is most of the API. should likely do this for dialect-specific types as well. Apply _InfoType for all info attributes as should have been done originally and update descriptor decorators. Change-Id: I3f9f8ff3f1c8858471ff4545ac83d68c88107527
* pep484 - SQL internalsMike Bayer2022-03-241-1/+2
| | | | | | | non-strict checking for mostly internal or semi-internal code Change-Id: Ib91b47f1a8ccc15e666b94bad1ce78c4ab15b0ec
* Remove object in class definitionFederico Caselli2021-11-221-7/+7
| | | | | References: #4600 Change-Id: I2a62ddfe00bc562720f0eae700a497495d7a987a
* Merge "Deprecate create_engine.implicit_returning" into mainmike bayer2021-11-181-52/+53
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| * Deprecate create_engine.implicit_returningjonathan vanasco2021-11-091-52/+53
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.implicit_returning` parameter is deprecated on the :func:`_sa.create_engine` function only; the parameter remains available on the :class:`_schema.Table` object. This parameter was originally intended to enable the "implicit returning" feature of SQLAlchemy when it was first developed and was not enabled by default. Under modern use, there's no reason this parameter should be disabled, and it has been observed to cause confusion as it degrades performance and makes it more difficult for the ORM to retrieve recently inserted server defaults. The parameter remains available on :class:`_schema.Table` to specifically suit database-level edge cases which make RETURNING infeasible, the sole example currently being SQL Server's limitation that INSERT RETURNING may not be used on a table that has INSERT triggers on it. Also removed from the Oracle dialect some logic that would upgrade an Oracle 8/8i server version to use implicit returning if the parameter were explictly passed; these versions of Oracle still support RETURNING so the feature is now enabled for all Oracle versions. Fixes: #6962 Change-Id: Ib338e300cd7c8026c3083043f645084a8211aed8
* | removals: all unicode encoding / decodingMike Bayer2021-11-101-26/+0
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Removed here includes: * convert_unicode parameters * encoding create_engine() parameter * description encoding support * "non-unicode fallback" modes under Python 2 * String symbols regarding Python 2 non-unicode fallbacks * any concept of DBAPIs that don't accept unicode statements, unicode bound parameters, or that return bytes for strings anywhere except an explicit Binary / BLOB type * unicode processors in Python / C Risk factors: * Whether all DBAPIs do in fact return Unicode objects for all entries in cursor.description now * There was logic for mysql-connector trying to determine description encoding. A quick test shows Unicode coming back but it's not clear if there are still edge cases where they return bytes. if so, these are bugs in that driver, and at most we would only work around it in the mysql-connector DBAPI itself (but we won't do that either). * It seems like Oracle 8 was not expecting unicode bound parameters. I'm assuming this was all Python 2 stuff and does not apply for modern cx_Oracle under Python 3. * third party dialects relying upon built in unicode encoding/decoding but it's hard to imagine any non-SQLAlchemy database driver not dealing exclusively in Python unicode strings in Python 3 Change-Id: I97d762ef6d4dd836487b714d57d8136d0310f28a References: #7257
* fully implement future engine and remove legacyMike Bayer2021-11-071-7/+0
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The major action here is to lift and move future.Connection and future.Engine fully into sqlalchemy.engine.base. This removes lots of engine concepts, including: * autocommit * Connection running without a transaction, autobegin is now present in all cases * most "autorollback" is obsolete * Core-level subtransactions (i.e. MarkerTransaction) * "branched" connections, copies of connections * execution_options() returns self, not a new connection * old argument formats, distill_params(), simplifies calling scheme between engine methods * before/after_execute() events (oriented towards compiled constructs) don't emit for exec_driver_sql(). before/after_cursor_execute() is still included for this * old helper methods superseded by context managers, connection.transaction(), engine.transaction() engine.run_callable() * ancient engine-level reflection methods has_table(), table_names() * sqlalchemy.testing.engines.proxying_engine References: #7257 Change-Id: Ib20ed816642d873b84221378a9ec34480e01e82c
* don't cache TypeDecorator by defaultMike Bayer2021-05-061-0/+4
| | | | | | | | | | The :class:`.TypeDecorator` class will now emit a warning when used in SQL compilation with caching unless the ``.cache_ok`` flag is set to ``True`` or ``False``. ``.cache_ok`` indicates that all the parameters passed to the object are safe to be used as a cache key, ``False`` means they are not. Fixes: #6436 Change-Id: Ib1bb7dc4b124e38521d615c2e2e691e4915594fb
* Support DEFAULT VALUES and VALUES(DEFAULT) individuallyMike Bayer2021-04-141-21/+5
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Fixed regression where the introduction of the INSERT syntax "INSERT... VALUES (DEFAULT)" was not supported on some backends that do however support "INSERT..DEFAULT VALUES", including SQLite. The two syntaxes are now each individually supported or non-supported for each dialect, for example MySQL supports "VALUES (DEFAULT)" but not "DEFAULT VALUES". Support for Oracle is still not enabled as there are unresolved issues in using RETURNING at the same time. Fixes: #6254 Change-Id: I47959bc826e3d9d2396ccfa290eb084841b02e77
* Remove errant assertion from unit of workMike Bayer2021-01-241-3/+3
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fixed ORM unit of work regression where an errant "assert primary_key" statement interferes with primary key generation sequences that don't actually consider the columns in the table to use a real primary key constraint, instead using :paramref:`_orm.mapper.primary_key` to establish certain columns as "primary". Also remove errant "identity" requirement which does not seem to represent any current backend and is applied to test/sql/test_defaults.py->AutoIncrementTest, but these tests work on all backends. Fixes: #5867 Change-Id: I4502ca5079d824d7b4d055194947aa1a00effde7
* update execute() arg formats in modules and testsMike Bayer2021-01-151-11/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | continuing with producing a SQLAlchemy 1.4.0b2 that internally does not emit any of its own 2.0 deprecation warnings, migrate the *args and **kwargs passed to execute() methods that now must be a single list or dictionary. Alembic 1.5 is again waiting on this internal consistency to be present so that it can pass all tests with no 2.0 deprecation warnings. Change-Id: If6b792e57c8c5dff205419644ab68e631575a2fa
* reinvent xdist hooks in terms of pytest fixturesMike Bayer2021-01-131-3/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | To allow the "connection" pytest fixture and others work correctly in conjunction with setup/teardown that expects to be external to the transaction, remove and prevent any usage of "xdist" style names that are hardcoded by pytest to run inside of fixtures, even function level ones. Instead use pytest autouse fixtures to implement our own r"setup|teardown_test(?:_class)?" methods so that we can ensure function-scoped fixtures are run within them. A new more explicit flow is set up within plugin_base and pytestplugin such that the order of setup/teardown steps, which there are now many, is fully documented and controllable. New granularity has been added to the test teardown phase to distinguish between "end of the test" when lock-holding structures on connections should be released to allow for table drops, vs. "end of the test plus its teardown steps" when we can perform final cleanup on connections and run assertions that everything is closed out. From there we can remove most of the defensive "tear down everything" logic inside of engines which for many years would frequently dispose of pools over and over again, creating for a broken and expensive connection flow. A quick test shows that running test/sql/ against a single Postgresql engine with the new approach uses 75% fewer new connections, creating 42 new connections total, vs. 164 new connections total with the previous system. As part of this, the new fixtures metadata/connection/future_connection have been integrated such that they can be combined together effectively. The fixture_session(), provide_metadata() fixtures have been improved, including that fixture_session() now strongly references sessions which are explicitly torn down before table drops occur afer a test. Major changes have been made to the ConnectionKiller such that it now features different "scopes" for testing engines and will limit its cleanup to those testing engines corresponding to end of test, end of test class, or end of test session. The system by which it tracks DBAPI connections has been reworked, is ultimately somewhat similar to how it worked before but is organized more clearly along with the proxy-tracking logic. A "testing_engine" fixture is also added that works as a pytest fixture rather than a standalone function. The connection cleanup logic should now be very robust, as we now can use the same global connection pools for the whole suite without ever disposing them, while also running a query for PostgreSQL locks remaining after every test and assert there are no open transactions leaking between tests at all. Additional steps are added that also accommodate for asyncio connections not explicitly closed, as is the case for legacy sync-style tests as well as the async tests themselves. As always, hundreds of tests are further refined to use the new fixtures where problems with loose connections were identified, largely as a result of the new PostgreSQL assertions, many more tests have moved from legacy patterns into the newest. An unfortunate discovery during the creation of this system is that autouse fixtures (as well as if they are set up by @pytest.mark.usefixtures) are not usable at our current scale with pytest 4.6.11 running under Python 2. It's unclear if this is due to the older version of pytest or how it implements itself for Python 2, as well as if the issue is CPU slowness or just large memory use, but collecting the full span of tests takes over a minute for a single process when any autouse fixtures are in place and on CI the jobs just time out after ten minutes. So at the moment this patch also reinvents a small version of "autouse" fixtures when py2k is running, which skips generating the real fixture and instead uses two global pytest fixtures (which don't seem to impact performance) to invoke the "autouse" fixtures ourselves outside of pytest. This will limit our ability to do more with fixtures until we can remove py2k support. py.test is still observed to be much slower in collection in the 4.6.11 version compared to modern 6.2 versions, so add support for new TOX_POSTGRESQL_PY2K and TOX_MYSQL_PY2K environment variables that will run the suite for fewer backends under Python 2. For Python 3 pin pytest to modern 6.2 versions where performance for collection has been improved greatly. Includes the following improvements: Fixed bug in asyncio connection pool where ``asyncio.TimeoutError`` would be raised rather than :class:`.exc.TimeoutError`. Also repaired the :paramref:`_sa.create_engine.pool_timeout` parameter set to zero when using the async engine, which previously would ignore the timeout and block rather than timing out immediately as is the behavior with regular :class:`.QueuePool`. For asyncio the connection pool will now also not interact at all with an asyncio connection whose ConnectionFairy is being garbage collected; a warning that the connection was not properly closed is emitted and the connection is discarded. Within the test suite the ConnectionKiller is now maintaining strong references to all DBAPI connections and ensuring they are released when tests end, including those whose ConnectionFairy proxies are GCed. Identified cx_Oracle.stmtcachesize as a major factor in Oracle test scalability issues, this can be reset on a per-test basis rather than setting it to zero across the board. the addition of this flag has resolved the long-standing oracle "two task" error problem. For SQL Server, changed the temp table style used by the "suite" tests to be the double-pound-sign, i.e. global, variety, which is much easier to test generically. There are already reflection tests that are more finely tuned to both styles of temp table within the mssql test suite. Additionally, added an extra step to the "dropfirst" mechanism for SQL Server that will remove all foreign key constraints first as some issues were observed when using this flag when multiple schemas had not been torn down. Identified and fixed two subtle failure modes in the engine, when commit/rollback fails in a begin() context manager, the connection is explicitly closed, and when "initialize()" fails on the first new connection of a dialect, the transactional state on that connection is still rolled back. Fixes: #5826 Fixes: #5827 Change-Id: Ib1d05cb8c7cf84f9a4bfd23df397dc23c9329bfe
* correct for "autocommit" deprecation warningMike Bayer2020-12-111-12/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | Ensure no autocommit warnings occur internally or within tests. Also includes fixes for SQL Server full text tests which apparently have not been working at all for a long time, as it used long removed APIs. CI has not had fulltext running for some years and is now installed. Change-Id: Id806e1856c9da9f0a9eac88cebc7a94ecc95eb96
* Deprecate duplicated column names in Table definitionMike Bayer2020-10-121-7/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | The :class:`_schema.Table` class now raises a deprecation warning when columns with the same name are defined. To replace a column a new parameter :paramref:`_schema.Table.append_column.replace_existing` was added to the :meth:`_schema.Table.append_column` method. The :meth:`_expression.ColumnCollection.contains_column` will now raises an error when called with a string, suggesting the caller to use ``in`` instead. Co-authored-by: Federico Caselli <cfederico87@gmail.com> Change-Id: I1d58c8ebe081079cb669e7ead60886ffc1b1a7f5
* upgrade to black 20.8b1Mike Bayer2020-09-281-3/+10
| | | | | | | It's better, the majority of these changes look more readable to me. also found some docstrings that had formatting / quoting issues. Change-Id: I582a45fde3a5648b2f36bab96bad56881321899b
* Create a framework to allow all SQLALCHEMY_WARN_20 to passMike Bayer2020-09-161-10/+13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | As the test suite has widespread use of many patterns that are deprecated, enable SQLALCHEMY_WARN_20 globally for the test suite but then break the warnings filter out into a whole list of all the individual warnings we are looking for. this way individual changesets can target a specific class of warning, as many of these warnings will indivdidually affect dozens of files and potentially hundreds of lines of code. Many warnings are also resolved here as this patch started out that way. From this point forward there should be changesets that target a subset of the warnings at a time. For expediency, updates some migration 2.0 docs for ORM as well. Change-Id: I98b8defdf7c37b818b3824d02f7668e3f5f31c94
* Merge "Do not specify type on mssql by default"mike bayer2020-09-121-2/+2
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| * Do not specify type on mssql by defaultFederico Caselli2020-09-121-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Make optional sequences render as identity in mssql Remove unused dialect option sequence_default_column_type Change-Id: I821eeffcb442f8d1b69186a9b798b15c3d8d6ff3
* | Update select usage to use the new 1.4 formatFederico Caselli2020-09-081-22/+20
|/ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This change includes mainly that the bracketed use within select() is moved to positional, and keyword arguments are removed from calls to the select() function. it does not yet fully address other issues such as keyword arguments passed to the table.select(). Additionally, allows False / None to both be considered as "disable" for all of select.correlate(), select.correlate_except(), query.correlate(), which establishes consistency with passing of ``False`` for the legact select(correlate=False) argument. Change-Id: Ie6c6e6abfbd3d75d4c8de504c0cf0159e6999108
* Implement rudimentary asyncio support w/ asyncpgMike Bayer2020-08-131-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Using the approach introduced at https://gist.github.com/zzzeek/6287e28054d3baddc07fa21a7227904e We can now create asyncio endpoints that are then handled in "implicit IO" form within the majority of the Core internals. Then coroutines are re-exposed at the point at which we call into asyncpg methods. Patch includes: * asyncpg dialect * asyncio package * engine, result, ORM session classes * new test fixtures, tests * some work with pep-484 and a short plugin for the pyannotate package, which seems to have so-so results Change-Id: Idbcc0eff72c4cad572914acdd6f40ddb1aef1a7d Fixes: #3414
* Default psycopg2 executemany mode to "values_only"Mike Bayer2020-06-251-9/+9
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The psycopg2 dialect now defaults to using the very performant ``execute_values()`` psycopg2 extension for compiled INSERT statements, and also impements RETURNING support when this extension is used. This allows INSERT statements that even include an autoincremented SERIAL or IDENTITY value to run very fast while still being able to return the newly generated primary key values. The ORM will then integrate this new feature in a separate change. Implements RETURNING for insert with executemany Adds support to return_defaults() mode and inserted_primary_key to support mutiple INSERTed rows, via return_defauls_rows and inserted_primary_key_rows accessors. within default execution context, new cached compiler getters are used to fetch primary keys from rows inserted_primary_key now returns a plain tuple. this is not yet a row-like object however this can be added. Adds distinct "values_only" and "batch" modes, as "values" has a lot of benefits but "batch" breaks cursor.rowcount psycopg2 minimum version 2.7 so we can remove the large number of checks for very old versions of psycopg2 simplify tests to no longer distinguish between native and non-native json Fixes: #5401 Change-Id: Ic08fd3423d4c5d16ca50994460c0c234868bd61c
* Add support for "real" sequences in mssqlGord Thompson2020-05-291-6/+30
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Added support for "CREATE SEQUENCE" and full :class:`.Sequence` support for Microsoft SQL Server. This removes the deprecated feature of using :class:`.Sequence` objects to manipulate IDENTITY characteristics which should now be performed using ``mssql_identity_start`` and ``mssql_identity_increment`` as documented at :ref:`mssql_identity`. The change includes a new parameter :paramref:`.Sequence.data_type` to accommodate SQL Server's choice of datatype, which for that backend includes INTEGER and BIGINT. The default starting value for SQL Server's version of :class:`.Sequence` has been set at 1; this default is now emitted within the CREATE SEQUENCE DDL for all backends. Fixes: #4235 Fixes: #4633 Change-Id: I6aa55c441e8146c2f002e2e201a7f645e667b916
* Create initial 2.0 engine implementationMike Bayer2020-04-161-4/+13
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Implemented the SQLAlchemy 2 :func:`.future.create_engine` function which is used for forwards compatibility with SQLAlchemy 2. This engine features always-transactional behavior with autobegin. Allow execution options per statement execution. This includes that the before_execute() and after_execute() events now accept an additional dictionary with these options, empty if not passed; a legacy event decorator is added for backwards compatibility which now also emits a deprecation warning. Add some basic tests for execution, transactions, and the new result object. Build out on a new testing fixture that swaps in the future engine completely to start with. Change-Id: I70e7338bb3f0ce22d2f702537d94bb249bd9fb0a Fixes: #4644
* Pass connection to TablesTest.insert_data()Mike Bayer2020-04-151-3/+4
| | | | | | | | | | towards the goal of reducing verbosity and repetition in test fixtures as well as that we are moving to connection only for execution, move the insert_data() classmethod to accept a connection and adjust all fixtures to use it. Change-Id: I3bf534acca0d5f4cda1d4da8ae91f1155b829b09
* Repair CTE a in b testsMike Bayer2020-04-101-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | In I27cac9bd265c86ff2a3381ff9f844f60ef991cfc we modernized the default tests and converted the "a in b" CTE tests to combinations, however apparently the existing tests were not testing all combinations and had repeats instead. The combinations decorator has made this much easier to spot, so use the correct combinations that were originally intended. Change-Id: Icd904887bff00c31525497d0b1508fabaf052dc9
* Modernize test_defaultsMike Bayer2020-04-101-1040/+522
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Use modern execution patterns, goal is so that these same tests can work for the future engine break sequence tests into test_sequences suite sequence tests that are testing implicit execution patterns at least move into their own suite that will go into test_deprecations eventually. Change-Id: I27cac9bd265c86ff2a3381ff9f844f60ef991cfc
* Deprecate plain string in execute and introduce `exec_driver_sql`Federico Caselli2020-03-211-4/+8
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Execution of literal sql string is deprecated in the :meth:`.Connection.execute` and a warning is raised when used stating that it will be coerced to :func:`.text` in a future release. To execute a raw sql string the new connection method :meth:`.Connection.exec_driver_sql` was added, that will retain the previous behavior, passing the string to the DBAPI driver unchanged. Usage of scalar or tuple positional parameters in :meth:`.Connection.execute` is also deprecated. Fixes: #4848 Fixes: #5178 Change-Id: I2830181054327996d594f7f0d59c157d477c3aa9
* Decouple compiler state from DML objects; make cacheableMike Bayer2020-03-061-8/+10
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Targeting select / insert / update / delete, the goal is to minimize overhead of construction and generative methods so that only the raw arguments passed are handled. An interim stage that converts the raw state into more compiler-ready state is added, which is analogous to the ORM QueryContext which will also be rolled in to be a similar concept, as is currently being prototyped in I19e05b3424b07114cce6c439b05198ac47f7ac10. the ORM update/delete BulkUD concept is also going to be rolled onto this idea. So while the compiler-ready state object, here called DMLState, looks a little thin, it's the base of a bigger pattern that will allow for ORM functionality to embed itself directly into the compiler, execution context, and result set objects. This change targets the DML objects, primarily focused on the values() method which is the most complex process. The work done by values() is minimized as much as possible while still being able to create a cache key. Additional computation is then offloaded to a new object ValuesState that is handled by the compiler. Architecturally, a big change here is that insert.values() and update.values() will generate BindParameter objects for the values now, which are then carefully received by crud.py so that they generate the expected names. This is so that the values() portion of these constructs is cacheable. for the "multi-values" version of Insert, this is all skipped and the plan right now is that a multi-values insert is not worth caching (can always be revisited). Using the coercions system in values() also gets us nicer validation for free, we can remove the NotAClauseElement thing from schema, and we also now require scalar_subquery() is called for an insert/update that uses a SELECT as a column value, 1.x deprecation path is added. The traversal system is then applied to the DML objects including tests so that they have traversal, cloning, and cache key support. cloning is not a use case for DML however having it present allows better validation of the structure within the tests. Special per-dialect DML is explicitly not cacheable at the moment, more as a proof of concept that third party DML constructs can exist as gracefully not-cacheable rather than producing an incomplete cache key. A few selected performance improvements have been added as well, simplifying the immutabledict.union() method and adding a new SQLCompiler function that can generate delimeter-separated clauses like WHERE and ORDER BY without having to build a ClauseList object at all. The use of ClauseList will be removed from Select in an upcoming commit. Overall, ClaustList is unnecessary for internal use and only adds overhead to statement construction and will likely be removed as much as possible except for explcit use of conjunctions like and_() and or_(). Change-Id: I408e0b8be91fddd77cf279da97f55020871f75a9
* Repair inline flagMike Bayer2020-02-221-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | In 9fca5d827d we attempted to deprecate the "inline=True" flag and add a generative inline() method, however failed to include any tests and the method was implemented incorrectly such that it would get overwritten with the boolean flag immediately. Rename the internal "inline" flag to "_inline" and add test support both for the method as well as deprecated support for the flag, including a fixture addition to assert the expected value of the flag as it generally does not affect the actual compiled SQL string. Change-Id: I0450049f17f1f0d91e22d27f1a973a2b6c0e59f7
* Result initial introductionMike Bayer2020-02-211-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | This builds on cc718cccc0bf8a01abdf4068c7ea4f3 which moved RowProxy to Row, allowing Row to be more like a named tuple. - KeyedTuple in ORM is replaced with Row - ResultSetMetaData broken out into "simple" and "cursor" versions for ORM and Core, as well as LegacyCursor version. - Row now has _mapping attribute that supplies full mapping behavior. Row and SimpleRow both have named tuple behavior otherwise. LegacyRow has some mapping features on the tuple which emit deprecation warnings (e.g. keys(), values(), etc). the biggest change for mapping->tuple is the behavior of __contains__ which moves from testing of "key in row" to "value in row". - ResultProxy breaks into ResultProxy and FutureResult (interim), the latter has the newer APIs. Made available to dialects using execution options. - internal reflection methods and most tests move off of implicit Row mapping behavior and move to row._mapping, result.mappings() method using future result - a new strategy system for cursor handling replaces the various subclasses of RowProxy - some execution context adjustments. We will leave EC in but refined things like get_result_proxy() and out parameter handling. Dialects for 1.4 will need to adjust from get_result_proxy() to get_result_cursor_strategy(), if they are using this method - out parameter handling now accommodated by get_out_parameter_values() EC method. Oracle changes for this. external dialect for DB2 for example will also need to adjust for this. - deprecate case_insensitive flag for engine / result, this feature is not used mapping-methods on Row are deprecated, and replaced with Row._mapping.<meth>, including: row.keys() -> use row._mapping.keys() row.items() -> use row._mapping.items() row.values() -> use row._mapping.values() key in row -> use key in row._mapping int in row -> use int < len(row) Fixes: #4710 Fixes: #4878 Change-Id: Ieb9085e9bcff564359095b754da9ae0af55679f0
* Deprecate connection branchingMike Bayer2020-02-211-6/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The :meth:`.Connection.connect` method is deprecated as is the concept of "connection branching", which copies a :class:`.Connection` into a new one that has a no-op ".close()" method. This pattern is oriented around the "connectionless execution" concept which is also being removed in 2.0. As part of this change we begin to move the internals away from "connectionless execution" overall. Remove the "connectionless execution" concept from the reflection internals and replace with explicit patterns at the Inspector level. Fixes: #5131 Change-Id: Id23d28a9889212ac5ae7329b85136157815d3e6f
* Query linter optionAlessio Bogon2020-01-221-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Added "from linting" as a built-in feature to the SQL compiler. This allows the compiler to maintain graph of all the FROM clauses in a particular SELECT statement, linked by criteria in either the WHERE or in JOIN clauses that link these FROM clauses together. If any two FROM clauses have no path between them, a warning is emitted that the query may be producing a cartesian product. As the Core expression language as well as the ORM are built on an "implicit FROMs" model where a particular FROM clause is automatically added if any part of the query refers to it, it is easy for this to happen inadvertently and it is hoped that the new feature helps with this issue. The original recipe is from: https://github.com/sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy/wiki/FromLinter The linter is now enabled for all tests in the test suite as well. This has necessitated that a lot of the queries be adjusted to not include cartesian products. Part of the rationale for the linter to not be enabled for statement compilation only was to reduce the need for adjustment for the many test case statements throughout the test suite that are not real-world statements. This gerrit is adapted from Ib5946e57c9dba6da428c4d1dee6760b3e978dda0. Fixes: #4737 Change-Id: Ic91fd9774379f895d021c3ad564db6062299211c Closes: #4830 Pull-request: https://github.com/sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy/pull/4830 Pull-request-sha: f8a21aa6262d1bcc9ff0d11a2616e41fba97a47a
* Add sequence support for MariaDB 10.3+.Gord Thompson2019-11-261-12/+62
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Added support for use of the :class:`.Sequence` construct with MariaDB 10.3 and greater, as this is now supported by this database. The construct integrates with the :class:`.Table` object in the same way that it does for other databases like PostrgreSQL and Oracle; if is present on the integer primary key "autoincrement" column, it is used to generate defaults. For backwards compatibility, to support a :class:`.Table` that has a :class:`.Sequence` on it to support sequence only databases like Oracle, while still not having the sequence fire off for MariaDB, the optional=True flag should be set, which indicates the sequence should only be used to generate the primary key if the target database offers no other option. Fixes: #4976 Closes: #4996 Pull-request: https://github.com/sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy/pull/4996 Pull-request-sha: cb2e1426ea0b6bc6c93dbe8f033a11df9d8c4915 Change-Id: I507bc405eee6cae2c5991345d0eac53a37fe7512
* Implement new ClauseElement role and coercion systemMike Bayer2019-05-181-4/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | A major refactoring of all the functions handle all detection of Core argument types as well as perform coercions into a new class hierarchy based on "roles", each of which identify a syntactical location within a SQL statement. In contrast to the ClauseElement hierarchy that identifies "what" each object is syntactically, the SQLRole hierarchy identifies the "where does it go" of each object syntactically. From this we define a consistent type checking and coercion system that establishes well defined behviors. This is a breakout of the patch that is reorganizing select() constructs to no longer be in the FromClause hierarchy. Also includes a rename of as_scalar() into scalar_subquery(); deprecates automatic coercion to scalar_subquery(). Partially-fixes: #4617 Change-Id: I26f1e78898693c6b99ef7ea2f4e7dfd0e8e1a1bd
* Remove all remaining text() coercions and ensure identifiers are safeMike Bayer2019-02-061-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fully removed the behavior of strings passed directly as components of a :func:`.select` or :class:`.Query` object being coerced to :func:`.text` constructs automatically; the warning that has been emitted is now an ArgumentError or in the case of order_by() / group_by() a CompileError. This has emitted a warning since version 1.0 however its presence continues to create concerns for the potential of mis-use of this behavior. Note that public CVEs have been posted for order_by() / group_by() which are resolved by this commit: CVE-2019-7164 CVE-2019-7548 Added "SQL phrase validation" to key DDL phrases that are accepted as plain strings, including :paramref:`.ForeignKeyConstraint.on_delete`, :paramref:`.ForeignKeyConstraint.on_update`, :paramref:`.ExcludeConstraint.using`, :paramref:`.ForeignKeyConstraint.initially`, for areas where a series of SQL keywords only are expected.Any non-space characters that suggest the phrase would need to be quoted will raise a :class:`.CompileError`. This change is related to the series of changes committed as part of :ticket:`4481`. Fixed issue where using an uppercase name for an index type (e.g. GIST, BTREE, etc. ) or an EXCLUDE constraint would treat it as an identifier to be quoted, rather than rendering it as is. The new behavior converts these types to lowercase and ensures they contain only valid SQL characters. Quoting is applied to :class:`.Function` names, those which are usually but not necessarily generated from the :attr:`.sql.func` construct, at compile time if they contain illegal characters, such as spaces or punctuation. The names are as before treated as case insensitive however, meaning if the names contain uppercase or mixed case characters, that alone does not trigger quoting. The case insensitivity is currently maintained for backwards compatibility. Fixes: #4481 Fixes: #4473 Fixes: #4467 Change-Id: Ib22a27d62930e24702e2f0f7c74a0473385a08eb
* Fix many spell glitchesLele Gaifax2019-01-251-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | This affects mostly docstrings, except in orm/events.py::dispose_collection() where one parameter gets renamed: given that the method is empty, it seemed reasonable to me to fix that too. Closes: #4440 Pull-request: https://github.com/sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy/pull/4440 Pull-request-sha: 779ed75acb6142e1f1daac467b5b14134529bb4b Change-Id: Ic0553fe97853054b09c2453af76d96363de6eb0e
* Add deprecation warnings to all deprecated APIsMike Bayer2019-01-231-1/+1
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | A large change throughout the library has ensured that all objects, parameters, and behaviors which have been noted as deprecated or legacy now emit ``DeprecationWarning`` warnings when invoked. As the Python 3 interpreter now defaults to displaying deprecation warnings, as well as that modern test suites based on tools like tox and pytest tend to display deprecation warnings, this change should make it easier to note what API features are obsolete. See the notes added to the changelog and migration notes for further details. Fixes: #4393 Change-Id: If0ea11a1fc24f9a8029352eeadfc49a7a54c0a1b
* Post black reformattingMike Bayer2019-01-061-30/+36
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Applied on top of a pure run of black -l 79 in I7eda77fed3d8e73df84b3651fd6cfcfe858d4dc9, this set of changes resolves all remaining flake8 conditions for those codes we have enabled in setup.cfg. Included are resolutions for all remaining flake8 issues including shadowed builtins, long lines, import order, unused imports, duplicate imports, and docstring issues. Change-Id: I4f72d3ba1380dd601610ff80b8fb06a2aff8b0fe
* Run black -l 79 against all source filesMike Bayer2019-01-061-577/+823
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | This is a straight reformat run using black as is, with no edits applied at all. The black run will format code consistently, however in some cases that are prevalent in SQLAlchemy code it produces too-long lines. The too-long lines will be resolved in the following commit that will resolve all remaining flake8 issues including shadowed builtins, long lines, import order, unused imports, duplicate imports, and docstring issues. Change-Id: I7eda77fed3d8e73df84b3651fd6cfcfe858d4dc9
* Use the same "current_timestamp" function for both sides of round tripMike Bayer2018-10-201-2/+4
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | this test was using sysdate() and current_timestamp() together in conjunction with a truncation to DAY, however for four hours on saturday night (see commit time :) ) these two values will have a different value if one side is EDT and the other is UTC. tox does not transmit environment variables including TZ by default, so even if the server is set up for EDT, running tox will not set TZ and at least Oracle client seems to use this value, producing UTC for session time but the database on CI was configured for EDT, producing EDT for sysdate. Change-Id: I56602d2402a475a0c4fdf61c1c5fc2618c82f915
* Drop default-related structures after the Table is dropped.Mike Bayer2018-07-101-0/+80
| | | | | | | | | | | | Fixed bug where a :class:`.Sequence` would be dropped explicitly before any :class:`.Table` that refers to it, which breaks in the case when the sequence is also involved in a server-side default for that table, when using :meth:`.MetaData.drop_all`. The step which processes sequences to be dropped via non server-side column default functions is now invoked after the table itself is dropped. Change-Id: I185f2cc76d2011ad4dd3ba9bde5d8aef0ec335ae Fixes: #4300
* Use utf8mb4 (or utf8mb3) for all things MySQLMike Bayer2018-06-251-2/+2
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Fixed bug in MySQLdb dialect and variants such as PyMySQL where an additional "unicode returns" check upon connection makes explicit use of the "utf8" character set, which in MySQL 8.0 emits a warning that utf8mb4 should be used. This is now replaced with a utf8mb4 equivalent. Documentation is also updated for the MySQL dialect to specify utf8mb4 in all examples. Additional changes have been made to the test suite to use utf8mb3 charsets and databases (there seem to be collation issues in some edge cases with utf8mb4), and to support configuration default changes made in MySQL 8.0 such as explicit_defaults_for_timestamp as well as new errors raised for invalid MyISAM indexes. Change-Id: Ib596ea7de4f69f976872a33bffa4c902d17dea25 Fixes: #4283 Fixes: #4192
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