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-rw-r--r--man/zh_CN/man8/usermod.8175
1 files changed, 91 insertions, 84 deletions
diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/usermod.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/usermod.8
index a4c55f92..4a61eb25 100644
--- a/man/zh_CN/man8/usermod.8
+++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/usermod.8
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
.\" Title: usermod
.\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
-.\" Date: 2019-06-13
+.\" Date: 2019-12-01
.\" Manual: 系统管理命令
-.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7
+.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8
.\" Language: Chinese Simplified
.\"
-.TH "USERMOD" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令"
+.TH "USERMOD" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令"
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
.\" * Define some portability stuff
.\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -34,51 +34,62 @@ usermod \- 修改一个用户账户
\fBusermod\fR [\fI选项\fR] \fI登录\fR
.SH "描述"
.PP
+The
\fBusermod\fR
-修改系统账户文件和在命令行上指定的相关更改。
+command modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that are specified on the command line\&.
.SH "选项"
.PP
+The options which apply to the
\fBusermod\fR
-可以接受的选项有:
+command are:
.PP
\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-append\fR
.RS 4
-将用户添加到附加组。只能和
+Add the user to the supplementary group(s)\&. Use only with the
\fB\-G\fR
-选项一起使用。
+option\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR
+.RS 4
+Allow names that do not conform to standards\&.
+.RE
+.PP
+\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR
+.RS 4
+Allow names that do not conform to standards\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENT\fR
.RS 4
-用户密码文件中注释字段的新值。通常使用
+The new value of the user\*(Aqs password file comment field\&. It is normally modified using the
\fBchfn\fR(1)
-工具对其进行修改。
+utility\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR
.RS 4
用户的新登录目录。
.sp
-如果给了
+If the
\fB\-m\fR
-选项,当前主目录的内容将会移动到新主目录中,如果不存在,则创建。
+option is given, the contents of the current home directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it does not already exist\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR
.RS 4
-用户账户将被禁用的日期。日期以
-\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR
-格式指定。
+The date on which the user account will be disabled\&. The date is specified in the format
+\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR\&.
.sp
-空
+An empty
\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR
-参数将禁用账户过期。
+argument will disable the expiration of the account\&.
.sp
-此选项需要一个
-/etc/passwd
-文件。如果没有,将会创建一条
+This option requires a
/etc/shadow
-项目。
+file\&. A
+/etc/shadow
+entry will be created if there were none\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR
@@ -87,11 +98,11 @@ usermod \- 修改一个用户账户
.sp
0 表示密码过期时,立即禁用账户;\-1 表示不使用这个功能。
.sp
-此选项需要一个
-/etc/passwd
-文件。如果没有,将会创建一条
+This option requires a
/etc/shadow
-项目。
+file\&. A
+/etc/shadow
+entry will be created if there were none\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR
@@ -105,64 +116,63 @@ usermod \- 修改一个用户账户
.PP
\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGROUP1\fR[\fI,GROUP2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GROUPN\fR]]]
.RS 4
-用户还属于的附加组列表。组之间使用逗号分隔,没有空格。这些组需要遵守和
+A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of\&. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace\&. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the
\fB\-g\fR
-选项中给的组同样的限制。
+option\&.
.sp
-如果用户当前是一个组的成员,而这个组没有列在这里,用户将被从那个组里便删除。这个行为可以通过
+If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user will be removed from the group\&. This behaviour can be changed via the
\fB\-a\fR
-选项修改,这使用户追加到给出的附加组列表中。
+option, which appends the user to the current supplementary group list\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-login\fR\ \&\fINEW_LOGIN\fR
.RS 4
-用户的名称将会从
+The name of the user will be changed from
\fILOGIN\fR
-修改为
-\fINEW_LOGIN\fR。不会更改别的任何东西。特别是,用户的主目录名和邮件池也需要手动修改以和新登录名对应。
+to
+\fINEW_LOGIN\fR\&. Nothing else is changed\&. In particular, the user\*(Aqs home directory or mail spool should probably be renamed manually to reflect the new login name\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-L\fR, \fB\-\-lock\fR
.RS 4
-锁定用户的密码。这会在用户加密的密码之前放置一个\(lq!\(rq,可以快速禁用密码。您可以和
+Lock a user\*(Aqs password\&. This puts a \*(Aq!\*(Aq in front of the encrypted password, effectively disabling the password\&. You can\*(Aqt use this option with
\fB\-p\fR
-或
-\fB\-U\fR
-配合使用此选项。
+or
+\fB\-U\fR\&.
.sp
-注意:如果希望锁定账户(不仅仅是通过密码访问),您也需要设置
+Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the
\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR
-为
-\fI1\fR。
+to
+\fI1\fR\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-move\-home\fR
.RS 4
将用户的主目录移动到新位置。
.sp
-这个选项只有和
+This option is only valid in combination with the
\fB\-d\fR
-(或
-\fB\-\-home\fR) 选项组合使用时才有效。
+(or
+\fB\-\-home\fR) option\&.
.sp
\fBusermod\fR
-会改写文件的属主并复制模式、ACL 和扩展属性,但是稍后也可能需要手动修改。
+will try to adapt the ownership of the files and to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be needed afterwards\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR
.RS 4
-使用
+When used with the
\fB\-u\fR
-选项时,可以将用户 ID 改为非唯一的值。
+option, this option allows to change the user ID to a non\-unique value\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR
.RS 4
-已经加密过的密码,就像
-\fBcrypt\fR(3)
-返回的那样。
+The encrypted password, as returned by
+\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&.
.sp
-\fB注意:\fR不推荐使用这个选项,因为密码(或加密过的密码)会被用户通过列出这个过程而看到。
+\fBNote:\fR
+This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&.
.sp
您应该确保密码符合系统的密码政策。
.RE
@@ -194,41 +204,37 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\-
.RS 4
用户 ID 的新数值。
.sp
-这个值必须是唯一的,除非使用了
+This value must be unique, unless the
\fB\-o\fR
-选项,必须是非负值。
+option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&.
.sp
用户的邮箱,用户主目录中属于此用户的文件的属主 ID 也将自动更改。
.sp
用户主目录之外文件所有权必须手动修复。
.sp
-不会对
-/etc/login\&.defs
-中的
+No checks will be performed with regard to the
\fBUID_MIN\fR,
\fBUID_MAX\fR,
-\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR
-和
+\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR, or
\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR
-进行检查。
+from
+/etc/login\&.defs\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-unlock\fR
.RS 4
-解锁用户的密码。这将移除加密的密码之前的\(lq!\(rq。您可以将此选项和
+Unlock a user\*(Aqs password\&. This removes the \*(Aq!\*(Aq in front of the encrypted password\&. You can\*(Aqt use this option with
\fB\-p\fR
-或
-\fB\-L\fR
-配合使用。
+or
+\fB\-L\fR\&.
.sp
-注意:如果您希望解锁账户(不只是使用密码访问),您也应该设置
+Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the
\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR
-(例如设置为
-\fI99999\fR,或者
-/etc/default/useradd
-中的
+(for example to
+\fI99999\fR, or to the
\fBEXPIRE\fR
-值)。
+value from
+/etc/default/useradd)\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-v\fR, \fB\-\-add\-subuids\fR\ \&\fIFIRST\fR\-\fILAST\fR
@@ -295,11 +301,11 @@ from /etc/login\&.defs\&.
.RS 4
用户登陆的 SELinux 用户。
.sp
-空的
+A blank
\fISEUSER\fR
-将移除用户
+will remove the SELinux user mapping for user
\fILOGIN\fR
-的 SELinux 用户映射(如果有)。
+(if any)\&.
.RE
.SH "CAVEATS"
.PP
@@ -307,18 +313,18 @@ You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes when th
\fBusermod\fR
checks this on Linux\&. On other platforms it only uses utmp to check if the user is logged in\&.
.PP
-您必须手动更改
+You must change the owner of any
\fBcrontab\fR
-文件或
+files or
\fBat\fR
-作业的属主。
+jobs manually\&.
.PP
您必须更改 NIS 服务器上的 NIS 相关内容。
.SH "配置文件"
.PP
-在
+The following configuration variables in
/etc/login\&.defs
-中有如下配置变量,可以用来更改此工具的行为:
+change the behavior of this tool:
.PP
\fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number)
.RS 4
@@ -339,27 +345,28 @@ option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for wri
定义用户邮箱文件的位置(相对于主目录)。
.RE
.PP
+The
\fBMAIL_DIR\fR
and
\fBMAIL_FILE\fR
-变量由
-\fBuseradd\fR,\fBusermod\fR
-和
+variables are used by
+\fBuseradd\fR,
+\fBusermod\fR, and
\fBuserdel\fR
-用于创建、移动或删除用户邮箱。
+to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&.
.PP
-如果
+If
\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR
-设置为
-\fIyes\fR,它们也被用于定义
+is set to
+\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the
\fBMAIL\fR
-环境变量。
+environment variable\&.
.PP
\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number)
.RS 4
-每个组条目的最大成员数。达到最大值时,在
+Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in
/etc/group
-开始一个新条目(行)(使用同样的名称,同样的密码,同样的 GID)。
+(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&.
.sp
默认值是 0,意味着组中的成员数没有限制。
.sp