path: root/man/de/man8/groupadd.8

'\" t
.\"     Title: groupadd
.\"    Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
.\"      Date: 02.01.2022
.\"    Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung
.\"    Source: shadow-utils 4.11.1
.\"  Language: German
.\"
.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "02.01.2022" "shadow\-utils 4\&.11\&.1" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung"
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.SH "NAME"
groupadd \- erstellt eine neue Gruppe
.SH "\(:UBERSICHT"
.HP \w'\fBgroupadd\fR\ 'u
\fBgroupadd\fR [\fIOptionen\fR] \fIGruppe\fR
.SH "BESCHREIBUNG"
.PP
The
\fBgroupadd\fR
command creates a new group account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system\&. The new group will be entered into the system files as needed\&.
.SH "OPTIONEN"
.PP
The options which apply to the
\fBgroupadd\fR
command are:
.PP
\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR
.RS 4
This option causes the command to simply exit with success status if the specified group already exists\&. When used with
\fB\-g\fR, and the specified GID already exists, another (unique) GID is chosen (i\&.e\&.
\fB\-g\fR
is turned off)\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGID\fR
.RS 4
The numerical value of the group\*(Aqs ID\&. This value must be unique, unless the
\fB\-o\fR
option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to
\fBGID_MIN\fR
and greater than every other group\&.
.sp
See also the
\fB\-r\fR
option and the
\fBGID_MAX\fR
description\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
.RS 4
zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm
.RE
.PP
\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIKEY\fR=\fIVALUE\fR
.RS 4
Overrides
/etc/login\&.defs
defaults (GID_MIN, GID_MAX and others)\&. Multiple
\fB\-K\fR
options can be specified\&.
.sp
Example:
\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR\ \&
\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR
.sp
Note:
\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI10\fR,\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR
doesn\*(Aqt work yet\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR
.RS 4
Diese Option erlaubt es, eine Gruppe mit einer nicht eindeutigen GID zu erstellen\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR
.RS 4
The encrypted password, as returned by
\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. The default is to disable the password\&.
.sp
\fBNote:\fR
This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&.
.sp
Sie sollten sicherstellen, dass das Passwort den Passwortrichtlinien des Systems entspricht\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-system\fR
.RS 4
erstellt eine neue Systemgruppe
.sp
The numeric identifiers of new system groups are chosen in the
\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR
range, defined in
login\&.defs, instead of
\fBGID_MIN\fR\-\fBGID_MAX\fR\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
.RS 4
Apply changes in the
\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
directory and use the configuration files from the
\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
directory\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR
.RS 4
Apply changes in the
\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR
directory and use the configuration files from the
\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR
directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\-compilation target\&. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified\&. PAM authentication is using the host files\&. No SELINUX support\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-users\fR
.RS 4
A list of usernames to add as members of the group\&.
.sp
The default behavior (if the
\fB\-g\fR,
\fB\-N\fR, and
\fB\-U\fR
options are not specified) is defined by the
\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR
variable in
/etc/login\&.defs\&.
.RE
.SH "KONFIGURATION"
.PP
The following configuration variables in
/etc/login\&.defs
change the behavior of this tool:
.PP
\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number)
.RS 4
Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by
\fBuseradd\fR,
\fBgroupadd\fR, or
\fBnewusers\fR\&.
.sp
The default value for
\fBGID_MIN\fR
(resp\&.
\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&.
.RE
.PP
\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number)
.RS 4
Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in
/etc/group
(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&.
.sp
Der Standardwert ist 0, was zur Folge hat, dass die Anzahl der Mitglieder einer Gruppe nicht begrenzt ist\&.
.sp
Diese F\(:ahigkeit (der aufgeteilten Gruppe) erm\(:oglicht es, die Zeilenl\(:ange in der Gruppendatei zu begrenzen\&. Damit kann sichergestellt werden, dass die Zeilen f\(:ur NIS\-Gruppen nicht l\(:anger als 1024 Zeichen sind\&.
.sp
Falls Sie eine solche Begrenzung ben\(:otigen, k\(:onnen Sie 25 verwenden\&.
.sp
Hinweis: Aufgeteilte Gruppen werden m\(:oglicherweise nicht von allen Werkzeugen unterst\(:utzt, selbst nicht aus der Shadow\-Werkzeugsammlung\&. Sie sollten diese Variable nur setzen, falls Sie zwingend darauf angewiesen sind\&.
.RE
.PP
\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number)
.RS 4
Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by
\fBuseradd\fR,
\fBgroupadd\fR, or
\fBnewusers\fR\&.
.sp
The default value for
\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR
(resp\&.
\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&.
\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&.
.RE
.SH "DATEIEN"
.PP
/etc/group
.RS 4
Informationen zu den Gruppenkonten
.RE
.PP
/etc/gshadow
.RS 4
sichere Informationen zu den Gruppenkonten
.RE
.PP
/etc/login\&.defs
.RS 4
Konfiguration der Shadow\-Passwort\-Werkzeugsammlung
.RE
.SH "WARNUNGEN"
.PP
Gruppennamen m\(:ussen mit einem Kleinbuchstaben oder einem Unterstrich beginnen\&. Nachfolgend d\(:urfen sie Kleinbuchstaben, Zahlen, Unterstriche und Gedankenstriche enthalten\&. Das letzte Zeichen darf auch ein Dollarzeichen sein\&. Als regul\(:arer Ausdruck: [a\-z_][a\-z0\-9_\-]*[$]?
.PP
Groupnames may only be up to 16 characters long\&.
.PP
Sie k\(:onnen einen Benutzer nicht einer NIS\- oder LDAP\-Gruppe hinzuf\(:ugen\&. Dies m\(:ussen Sie auf dem entsprechenden Server durchf\(:uhren\&.
.PP
If the groupname already exists in an external group database such as NIS or LDAP,
\fBgroupadd\fR
will deny the group creation request\&.
.SH "R\(:UCKGABEWERTE"
.PP
The
\fBgroupadd\fR
command exits with the following values:
.PP
\fI0\fR
.RS 4
success
.RE
.PP
\fI2\fR
.RS 4
invalid command syntax
.RE
.PP
\fI3\fR
.RS 4
invalid argument to option
.RE
.PP
\fI4\fR
.RS 4
GID is already used (when called without
\fB\-o\fR)
.RE
.PP
\fI9\fR
.RS 4
group name is already used
.RE
.PP
\fI10\fR
.RS 4
can\*(Aqt update group file
.RE
.SH "SIEHE AUCH"
.PP
\fBchfn\fR(1),
\fBchsh\fR(1),
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
\fBgpasswd\fR(8),
\fBgroupdel\fR(8),
\fBgroupmod\fR(8),
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
\fBuseradd\fR(8),
\fBuserdel\fR(8),
\fBusermod\fR(8)\&.