path: root/src/shared/tpm2-util.c

/* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later */

#include "alloc-util.h"
#include "constants.h"
#include "cryptsetup-util.h"
#include "dirent-util.h"
#include "dlfcn-util.h"
#include "efi-api.h"
#include "extract-word.h"
#include "fd-util.h"
#include "fileio.h"
#include "format-table.h"
#include "fs-util.h"
#include "hexdecoct.h"
#include "hmac.h"
#include "lock-util.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "logarithm.h"
#include "memory-util.h"
#include "openssl-util.h"
#include "parse-util.h"
#include "random-util.h"
#include "sha256.h"
#include "stat-util.h"
#include "string-table.h"
#include "time-util.h"
#include "tpm2-util.h"
#include "virt.h"

#if HAVE_TPM2
static void *libtss2_esys_dl = NULL;
static void *libtss2_rc_dl = NULL;
static void *libtss2_mu_dl = NULL;

TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_Create)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR parentHandle, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, const TPM2B_SENSITIVE_CREATE *inSensitive, const TPM2B_PUBLIC *inPublic, const TPM2B_DATA *outsideInfo, const TPML_PCR_SELECTION *creationPCR, TPM2B_PRIVATE **outPrivate, TPM2B_PUBLIC **outPublic, TPM2B_CREATION_DATA **creationData, TPM2B_DIGEST **creationHash, TPMT_TK_CREATION **creationTicket) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_CreatePrimary)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR primaryHandle, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, const TPM2B_SENSITIVE_CREATE *inSensitive, const TPM2B_PUBLIC *inPublic, const TPM2B_DATA *outsideInfo, const TPML_PCR_SELECTION *creationPCR, ESYS_TR *objectHandle, TPM2B_PUBLIC **outPublic, TPM2B_CREATION_DATA **creationData, TPM2B_DIGEST **creationHash, TPMT_TK_CREATION **creationTicket) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_EvictControl)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR auth, ESYS_TR objectHandle, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, TPMI_DH_PERSISTENT persistentHandle, ESYS_TR *newObjectHandle);
void (*sym_Esys_Finalize)(ESYS_CONTEXT **context) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_FlushContext)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR flushHandle) = NULL;
void (*sym_Esys_Free)(void *ptr) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_GetCapability)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, TPM2_CAP capability, UINT32 property, UINT32 propertyCount, TPMI_YES_NO *moreData, TPMS_CAPABILITY_DATA **capabilityData);
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_GetRandom)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, UINT16 bytesRequested, TPM2B_DIGEST **randomBytes) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_Initialize)(ESYS_CONTEXT **esys_context,  TSS2_TCTI_CONTEXT *tcti, TSS2_ABI_VERSION *abiVersion) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_Load)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR parentHandle, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, const TPM2B_PRIVATE *inPrivate, const TPM2B_PUBLIC *inPublic, ESYS_TR *objectHandle) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_LoadExternal)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, const TPM2B_SENSITIVE *inPrivate, const TPM2B_PUBLIC *inPublic, ESYS_TR hierarchy, ESYS_TR *objectHandle);
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_PCR_Extend)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR pcrHandle, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, const TPML_DIGEST_VALUES *digests);
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_PCR_Read)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR shandle1,ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, const TPML_PCR_SELECTION *pcrSelectionIn, UINT32 *pcrUpdateCounter, TPML_PCR_SELECTION **pcrSelectionOut, TPML_DIGEST **pcrValues);
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_PolicyAuthorize)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR policySession, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, const TPM2B_DIGEST *approvedPolicy, const TPM2B_NONCE *policyRef, const TPM2B_NAME *keySign, const TPMT_TK_VERIFIED *checkTicket);
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_PolicyAuthValue)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR policySession, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_PolicyGetDigest)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR policySession, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, TPM2B_DIGEST **policyDigest) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_PolicyPCR)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR policySession, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, const TPM2B_DIGEST *pcrDigest, const TPML_PCR_SELECTION *pcrs) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_ReadPublic)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR objectHandle, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, TPM2B_PUBLIC **outPublic, TPM2B_NAME **name, TPM2B_NAME **qualifiedName);
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_StartAuthSession)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR tpmKey, ESYS_TR bind, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, const TPM2B_NONCE *nonceCaller, TPM2_SE sessionType, const TPMT_SYM_DEF *symmetric, TPMI_ALG_HASH authHash, ESYS_TR *sessionHandle) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_Startup)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, TPM2_SU startupType) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_TRSess_GetAttributes)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR session, TPMA_SESSION *flags);
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_TRSess_SetAttributes)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR session, TPMA_SESSION flags, TPMA_SESSION mask);
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_TR_GetName)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR handle, TPM2B_NAME **name);
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_TR_Deserialize)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esys_context, uint8_t const *buffer, size_t buffer_size, ESYS_TR *esys_handle);
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_TR_FromTPMPublic)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, TPM2_HANDLE tpm_handle, ESYS_TR optionalSession1, ESYS_TR optionalSession2, ESYS_TR optionalSession3, ESYS_TR *object);
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_TR_Serialize)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esys_context, ESYS_TR object, uint8_t **buffer, size_t *buffer_size);
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_TR_SetAuth)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR handle, TPM2B_AUTH const *authValue) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_Unseal)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR itemHandle, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, TPM2B_SENSITIVE_DATA **outData) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Esys_VerifySignature)(ESYS_CONTEXT *esysContext, ESYS_TR keyHandle, ESYS_TR shandle1, ESYS_TR shandle2, ESYS_TR shandle3, const TPM2B_DIGEST *digest, const TPMT_SIGNATURE *signature, TPMT_TK_VERIFIED **validation);

const char* (*sym_Tss2_RC_Decode)(TSS2_RC rc) = NULL;

TSS2_RC (*sym_Tss2_MU_TPM2B_PRIVATE_Marshal)(TPM2B_PRIVATE const *src, uint8_t buffer[], size_t buffer_size, size_t *offset) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Tss2_MU_TPM2B_PRIVATE_Unmarshal)(uint8_t const buffer[], size_t buffer_size, size_t *offset, TPM2B_PRIVATE  *dest) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Tss2_MU_TPM2B_PUBLIC_Marshal)(TPM2B_PUBLIC const *src, uint8_t buffer[], size_t buffer_size, size_t *offset) = NULL;
TSS2_RC (*sym_Tss2_MU_TPM2B_PUBLIC_Unmarshal)(uint8_t const buffer[], size_t buffer_size, size_t *offset, TPM2B_PUBLIC *dest) = NULL;

int dlopen_tpm2(void) {
        int r;

        r = dlopen_many_sym_or_warn(
                        &libtss2_esys_dl, "libtss2-esys.so.0", LOG_DEBUG,
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_Create),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_CreatePrimary),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_EvictControl),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_Finalize),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_FlushContext),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_Free),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_GetCapability),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_GetRandom),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_Initialize),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_Load),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_LoadExternal),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_PCR_Extend),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_PCR_Read),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_PolicyAuthorize),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_PolicyAuthValue),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_PolicyGetDigest),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_PolicyPCR),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_ReadPublic),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_StartAuthSession),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_Startup),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_TRSess_GetAttributes),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_TRSess_SetAttributes),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_TR_FromTPMPublic),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_TR_GetName),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_TR_Deserialize),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_TR_Serialize),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_TR_SetAuth),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_Unseal),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Esys_VerifySignature));
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = dlopen_many_sym_or_warn(
                        &libtss2_rc_dl, "libtss2-rc.so.0", LOG_DEBUG,
                        DLSYM_ARG(Tss2_RC_Decode));
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return dlopen_many_sym_or_warn(
                        &libtss2_mu_dl, "libtss2-mu.so.0", LOG_DEBUG,
                        DLSYM_ARG(Tss2_MU_TPM2B_PRIVATE_Marshal),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Tss2_MU_TPM2B_PRIVATE_Unmarshal),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Tss2_MU_TPM2B_PUBLIC_Marshal),
                        DLSYM_ARG(Tss2_MU_TPM2B_PUBLIC_Unmarshal));
}

static Tpm2Context *tpm2_context_free(Tpm2Context *c) {
        if (!c)
                return NULL;

        if (c->esys_context)
                sym_Esys_Finalize(&c->esys_context);

        c->tcti_context = mfree(c->tcti_context);
        c->tcti_dl = safe_dlclose(c->tcti_dl);

        return mfree(c);
}

DEFINE_TRIVIAL_REF_UNREF_FUNC(Tpm2Context, tpm2_context, tpm2_context_free);

int tpm2_context_new(const char *device, Tpm2Context **ret_context) {
        _cleanup_tpm2_context_ Tpm2Context *context = NULL;
        TSS2_RC rc;
        int r;

        assert(ret_context);

        context = new(Tpm2Context, 1);
        if (!context)
                return log_oom();

        *context = (Tpm2Context) {
                .n_ref = 1,
        };

        r = dlopen_tpm2();
        if (r < 0)
                return log_error_errno(r, "TPM2 support not installed: %m");

        if (!device) {
                device = secure_getenv("SYSTEMD_TPM2_DEVICE");
                if (device)
                        /* Setting the env var to an empty string forces tpm2-tss' own device picking
                         * logic to be used. */
                        device = empty_to_null(device);
                else
                        /* If nothing was specified explicitly, we'll use a hardcoded default: the "device" tcti
                         * driver and the "/dev/tpmrm0" device. We do this since on some distributions the tpm2-abrmd
                         * might be used and we really don't want that, since it is a system service and that creates
                         * various ordering issues/deadlocks during early boot. */
                        device = "device:/dev/tpmrm0";
        }

        if (device) {
                const char *param, *driver, *fn;
                const TSS2_TCTI_INFO* info;
                TSS2_TCTI_INFO_FUNC func;
                size_t sz = 0;

                param = strchr(device, ':');
                if (param) {
                        /* Syntax #1: Pair of driver string and arbitrary parameter */
                        driver = strndupa_safe(device, param - device);
                        if (isempty(driver))
                                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "TPM2 driver name is empty, refusing.");

                        param++;
                } else if (path_is_absolute(device) && path_is_valid(device)) {
                        /* Syntax #2: TPM device node */
                        driver = "device";
                        param = device;
                } else
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Invalid TPM2 driver string, refusing.");

                log_debug("Using TPM2 TCTI driver '%s' with device '%s'.", driver, param);

                fn = strjoina("libtss2-tcti-", driver, ".so.0");

                /* Better safe than sorry, let's refuse strings that cannot possibly be valid driver early, before going to disk. */
                if (!filename_is_valid(fn))
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "TPM2 driver name '%s' not valid, refusing.", driver);

                context->tcti_dl = dlopen(fn, RTLD_NOW);
                if (!context->tcti_dl)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE), "Failed to load %s: %s", fn, dlerror());

                func = dlsym(context->tcti_dl, TSS2_TCTI_INFO_SYMBOL);
                if (!func)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to find TCTI info symbol " TSS2_TCTI_INFO_SYMBOL ": %s",
                                               dlerror());

                info = func();
                if (!info)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE), "Unable to get TCTI info data.");

                log_debug("Loaded TCTI module '%s' (%s) [Version %" PRIu32 "]", info->name, info->description, info->version);

                rc = info->init(NULL, &sz, NULL);
                if (rc != TPM2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to initialize TCTI context: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

                context->tcti_context = malloc0(sz);
                if (!context->tcti_context)
                        return log_oom();

                rc = info->init(context->tcti_context, &sz, param);
                if (rc != TPM2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to initialize TCTI context: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));
        }

        rc = sym_Esys_Initialize(&context->esys_context, context->tcti_context, NULL);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                       "Failed to initialize TPM context: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        rc = sym_Esys_Startup(context->esys_context, TPM2_SU_CLEAR);
        if (rc == TPM2_RC_INITIALIZE)
                log_debug("TPM already started up.");
        else if (rc == TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                log_debug("TPM successfully started up.");
        else
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                       "Failed to start up TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        *ret_context = TAKE_PTR(context);

        return 0;
}

static void tpm2_handle_flush(ESYS_CONTEXT *esys_context, ESYS_TR esys_handle) {
        if (!esys_context || esys_handle == ESYS_TR_NONE)
                return;

        TSS2_RC rc = sym_Esys_FlushContext(esys_context, esys_handle);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS) /* We ignore failures here (besides debug logging), since this is called
                                    * in error paths, where we cannot do anything about failures anymore. And
                                    * when it is called in successful codepaths by this time we already did
                                    * what we wanted to do, and got the results we wanted so there's no
                                    * reason to make this fail more loudly than necessary. */
                log_debug("Failed to flush TPM handle, ignoring: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));
}

Tpm2Handle *tpm2_handle_free(Tpm2Handle *handle) {
        if (!handle)
                return NULL;

        _cleanup_tpm2_context_ Tpm2Context *context = (Tpm2Context*)handle->tpm2_context;
        if (context && !handle->keep)
                tpm2_handle_flush(context->esys_context, handle->esys_handle);

        return mfree(handle);
}

int tpm2_handle_new(Tpm2Context *context, Tpm2Handle **ret_handle) {
        _cleanup_tpm2_handle_ Tpm2Handle *handle = NULL;

        assert(ret_handle);

        handle = new(Tpm2Handle, 1);
        if (!handle)
                return log_oom();

        *handle = (Tpm2Handle) {
                .tpm2_context = tpm2_context_ref(context),
                .esys_handle = ESYS_TR_NONE,
        };

        *ret_handle = TAKE_PTR(handle);

        return 0;
}

#define TPM2_CREDIT_RANDOM_FLAG_PATH "/run/systemd/tpm-rng-credited"

static int tpm2_credit_random(Tpm2Context *c) {
        size_t rps, done = 0;
        TSS2_RC rc;
        usec_t t;
        int r;

        assert(c);

        /* Pulls some entropy from the TPM and adds it into the kernel RNG pool. That way we can say that the
         * key we will ultimately generate with the kernel random pool is at least as good as the TPM's RNG,
         * but likely better. Note that we don't trust the TPM RNG very much, hence do not actually credit
         * any entropy. */

        if (access(TPM2_CREDIT_RANDOM_FLAG_PATH, F_OK) < 0) {
                if (errno != ENOENT)
                        log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to detect if '" TPM2_CREDIT_RANDOM_FLAG_PATH "' exists, ignoring: %m");
        } else {
                log_debug("Not adding TPM2 entropy to the kernel random pool again.");
                return 0; /* Already done */
        }

        t = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);

        for (rps = random_pool_size(); rps > 0;) {
                _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPM2B_DIGEST *buffer = NULL;

                rc = sym_Esys_GetRandom(
                                c->esys_context,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                MIN(rps, 32U), /* 32 is supposedly a safe choice, given that AES 256bit keys are this long, and TPM2 baseline requires support for those. */
                                &buffer);
                if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to acquire entropy from TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

                if (buffer->size == 0)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Zero-sized entropy returned from TPM.");

                r = random_write_entropy(-1, buffer->buffer, buffer->size, /* credit= */ false);
                if (r < 0)
                        return log_error_errno(r, "Failed wo write entropy to kernel: %m");

                done += buffer->size;
                rps = LESS_BY(rps, buffer->size);
        }

        log_debug("Added %zu bytes of TPM2 entropy to the kernel random pool in %s.", done, FORMAT_TIMESPAN(now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) - t, 0));

        r = touch(TPM2_CREDIT_RANDOM_FLAG_PATH);
        if (r < 0)
                log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to touch '" TPM2_CREDIT_RANDOM_FLAG_PATH "', ignoring: %m");

        return 0;
}

const TPM2B_PUBLIC *tpm2_get_primary_template(Tpm2SRKTemplateFlags flags) {

        /*
         * Set up array so flags can be used directly as an input.
         *
         * Templates for SRK come from the spec:
         *   - https://trustedcomputinggroup.org/wp-content/uploads/TCG-TPM-v2.0-Provisioning-Guidance-Published-v1r1.pdf
         *
         * However, note their is some lore here. On Linux, the SRK has it's unique field set to size 0 and
         * on Windows the SRK has their unique data set to keyLen in bytes of zeros.
         */
        assert(flags >= 0);
        assert(flags <= _TPM2_SRK_TEMPLATE_MAX);

        static const TPM2B_PUBLIC templ[_TPM2_SRK_TEMPLATE_MAX + 1] = {
                /* index 0 RSA old */
                [0] = {
                        .publicArea = {
                                .type = TPM2_ALG_RSA,
                                .nameAlg = TPM2_ALG_SHA256,
                                .objectAttributes = TPMA_OBJECT_RESTRICTED|TPMA_OBJECT_DECRYPT|TPMA_OBJECT_FIXEDTPM|TPMA_OBJECT_FIXEDPARENT|TPMA_OBJECT_SENSITIVEDATAORIGIN|TPMA_OBJECT_USERWITHAUTH,
                                .parameters.rsaDetail = {
                                        .symmetric = {
                                                .algorithm = TPM2_ALG_AES,
                                                .keyBits.aes = 128,
                                                .mode.aes = TPM2_ALG_CFB,
                                        },
                                        .scheme.scheme = TPM2_ALG_NULL,
                                        .keyBits = 2048,
                                },
                        },
                },
                [TPM2_SRK_TEMPLATE_ECC] = {
                        .publicArea = {
                                .type = TPM2_ALG_ECC,
                                .nameAlg = TPM2_ALG_SHA256,
                                .objectAttributes = TPMA_OBJECT_RESTRICTED|TPMA_OBJECT_DECRYPT|TPMA_OBJECT_FIXEDTPM|TPMA_OBJECT_FIXEDPARENT|TPMA_OBJECT_SENSITIVEDATAORIGIN|TPMA_OBJECT_USERWITHAUTH,
                                .parameters.eccDetail = {
                                        .symmetric = {
                                                .algorithm = TPM2_ALG_AES,
                                                .keyBits.aes = 128,
                                                .mode.aes = TPM2_ALG_CFB,
                                        },
                                        .scheme.scheme = TPM2_ALG_NULL,
                                        .curveID = TPM2_ECC_NIST_P256,
                                        .kdf.scheme = TPM2_ALG_NULL,
                                },
                        },
                },
                [TPM2_SRK_TEMPLATE_NEW_STYLE] = {
                        .publicArea = {
                                .type = TPM2_ALG_RSA,
                                .nameAlg = TPM2_ALG_SHA256,
                                .objectAttributes = TPMA_OBJECT_FIXEDTPM|TPMA_OBJECT_FIXEDPARENT|TPMA_OBJECT_SENSITIVEDATAORIGIN|TPMA_OBJECT_RESTRICTED|TPMA_OBJECT_DECRYPT|TPMA_OBJECT_USERWITHAUTH|TPMA_OBJECT_NODA,
                                .parameters.rsaDetail = {
                                        .symmetric = {
                                                .algorithm = TPM2_ALG_AES,
                                                .keyBits.aes = 128,
                                                .mode.aes = TPM2_ALG_CFB,
                                        },
                                        .scheme.scheme = TPM2_ALG_NULL,
                                        .keyBits = 2048,
                                },
                        },
                },
                [TPM2_SRK_TEMPLATE_NEW_STYLE|TPM2_SRK_TEMPLATE_ECC] = {
                        .publicArea = {
                                .type = TPM2_ALG_ECC,
                                .nameAlg = TPM2_ALG_SHA256,
                                .objectAttributes = TPMA_OBJECT_FIXEDTPM|TPMA_OBJECT_FIXEDPARENT|TPMA_OBJECT_SENSITIVEDATAORIGIN|TPMA_OBJECT_RESTRICTED|TPMA_OBJECT_DECRYPT|TPMA_OBJECT_USERWITHAUTH|TPMA_OBJECT_NODA,
                                .parameters.eccDetail = {
                                        .symmetric = {
                                                .algorithm = TPM2_ALG_AES,
                                                .keyBits.aes = 128,
                                                .mode.aes = TPM2_ALG_CFB,
                                        },
                                        .scheme.scheme = TPM2_ALG_NULL,
                                        .curveID = TPM2_ECC_NIST_P256,
                                        .kdf.scheme = TPM2_ALG_NULL,
                                },
                        },
                },
        };

        return &templ[flags];
}

/*
 * Why and what is an SRK?
 * TL;DR provides a working space for those without owner auth. The user enrolling
 * the disk may not have access to the TPMs owner hierarchy auth, so they need a
 * working space. This working space is at the defined address of 0x81000001.
 * Details can be found here:
 *   - https://trustedcomputinggroup.org/wp-content/uploads/TCG-TPM-v2.0-Provisioning-Guidance-Published-v1r1.pdf
 */
#define SRK_HANDLE UINT32_C(0x81000001)

/*
 * Retrieves the SRK handle if present. Returns 0 if SRK not present, 1 if present
 * and < 0 on error
 */
static int tpm2_get_srk(
                Tpm2Context *c,
                TPMI_ALG_PUBLIC *ret_alg,
                Tpm2Handle *ret_primary) {

        TPMI_YES_NO more_data;
        ESYS_TR primary_tr = ESYS_TR_NONE;
        _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPMS_CAPABILITY_DATA *cap_data = NULL;

        assert(c);
        assert(ret_primary);

        TSS2_RC rc = sym_Esys_GetCapability(c->esys_context,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        TPM2_CAP_HANDLES,
                        SRK_HANDLE,
                        1,
                        &more_data,
                        &cap_data);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                       "Failed to enumerate handles searching for SRK: %s",
                                       sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        /* Did Not find SRK, indicate this by returning 0 */
        if (cap_data->data.handles.count == 0 || cap_data->data.handles.handle[0] != SRK_HANDLE) {
                ret_primary->esys_handle = ESYS_TR_NONE;

                if (ret_alg)
                        *ret_alg = 0;
                return 0;
        }

        log_debug("Found SRK on TPM.");

        /* convert the raw handle to an ESYS_TR */
        TPM2_HANDLE handle = cap_data->data.handles.handle[0];
        rc = sym_Esys_TR_FromTPMPublic(c->esys_context,
                        handle,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        &primary_tr);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                        "Failed to convert ray handle to ESYS_TR for SRK: %s",
                                        sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        /* Get the algorithm if the caller wants it */
        _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPM2B_PUBLIC *out_public = NULL;
        if (ret_alg) {
                rc = sym_Esys_ReadPublic(
                                c->esys_context,
                                primary_tr,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                &out_public,
                                NULL,
                                NULL);
                if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                                "Failed to convert ray handle to ESYS_TR for SRK: %s",
                                                sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));
        }

        ret_primary->esys_handle = primary_tr;

        if (ret_alg)
                 *ret_alg = out_public->publicArea.type;

        return 1;
}

static int tpm2_make_primary(
                Tpm2Context *c,
                TPMI_ALG_PUBLIC alg,
                bool use_srk_model,
                TPMI_ALG_PUBLIC *ret_alg,
                Tpm2Handle **ret_primary) {

        static const TPM2B_SENSITIVE_CREATE primary_sensitive = {};
        static const TPML_PCR_SELECTION creation_pcr = {};
        const TPM2B_PUBLIC *primary_template = NULL;
        Tpm2SRKTemplateFlags base_flags = use_srk_model ? TPM2_SRK_TEMPLATE_NEW_STYLE : 0;
        _cleanup_(release_lock_file) LockFile srk_lock = LOCK_FILE_INIT;
        TSS2_RC rc;
        usec_t ts;
        int r;

        log_debug("Creating %s on TPM.", use_srk_model ? "SRK" : "Transient Primary Key");

        /* So apparently not all TPM2 devices support ECC. ECC is generally preferably, because it's so much
         * faster, noticeably so (~10s vs. ~240ms on my system). Hence, unless explicitly configured let's
         * try to use ECC first, and if that does not work, let's fall back to RSA. */

        ts = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);

        _cleanup_tpm2_handle_ Tpm2Handle *primary = NULL;
        r = tpm2_handle_new(c, &primary);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        /* we only need the SRK lock when making the SRK since its not atomic, transient
         * primary creations don't even matter if they stomp on each other, the TPM will
         * keep kicking back the same key.
         */
        if (use_srk_model) {
                r = make_lock_file("/run/systemd/tpm2-srk-init", LOCK_EX, &srk_lock);
                if (r < 0)
                        return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to take TPM SRK lock: %m");
        }

        /* Find existing SRK and use it if present */
        if (use_srk_model) {
                TPMI_ALG_PUBLIC got_alg = TPM2_ALG_NULL;
                r = tpm2_get_srk(c, &got_alg, primary);
                if (r < 0)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to establish if SRK is present");
                if (r == 1) {
                        log_debug("Discovered existing SRK");

                        if (alg != 0 && alg != got_alg)
                                log_warning("Caller asked for specific algorithm %u, but existing SRK is %u, ignoring",
                                            alg, got_alg);

                        if (ret_alg)
                                *ret_alg = alg;
                        if (ret_primary)
                                *ret_primary = TAKE_PTR(primary);
                        return 0;
                }
                log_debug("Did not find SRK, generating...");
        }

        if (IN_SET(alg, 0, TPM2_ALG_ECC)) {
                primary_template = tpm2_get_primary_template(base_flags | TPM2_SRK_TEMPLATE_ECC);

                rc = sym_Esys_CreatePrimary(
                                c->esys_context,
                                ESYS_TR_RH_OWNER,
                                ESYS_TR_PASSWORD,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                &primary_sensitive,
                                primary_template,
                                NULL,
                                &creation_pcr,
                                &primary->esys_handle,
                                NULL,
                                NULL,
                                NULL,
                                NULL);

                if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS) {
                        if (alg != 0)
                                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                                       "Failed to generate ECC primary key in TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

                        log_debug("Failed to generate ECC primary key in TPM, trying RSA: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));
                } else {
                        log_debug("Successfully created ECC primary key on TPM.");
                        alg = TPM2_ALG_ECC;
                }
        }

        if (IN_SET(alg, 0, TPM2_ALG_RSA)) {
                primary_template = tpm2_get_primary_template(base_flags);

                rc = sym_Esys_CreatePrimary(
                                c->esys_context,
                                ESYS_TR_RH_OWNER,
                                ESYS_TR_PASSWORD,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                &primary_sensitive,
                                primary_template,
                                NULL,
                                &creation_pcr,
                                &primary->esys_handle,
                                NULL,
                                NULL,
                                NULL,
                                NULL);
                if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to generate RSA primary key in TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));
                else if (alg == 0) {
                        log_notice("TPM2 chip apparently does not support ECC primary keys, falling back to RSA. "
                                   "This likely means TPM2 operations will be relatively slow, please be patient.");
                        alg = TPM2_ALG_RSA;
                }

                log_debug("Successfully created RSA primary key on TPM.");
        }

        log_debug("Generating %s on the TPM2 took %s.", use_srk_model ? "SRK" : "Transient Primary Key",
                        FORMAT_TIMESPAN(now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) - ts, USEC_PER_MSEC));

        if (use_srk_model) {
                rc = sym_Esys_EvictControl(c->esys_context, ESYS_TR_RH_OWNER, primary->esys_handle,
                                ESYS_TR_PASSWORD, ESYS_TR_NONE, ESYS_TR_NONE, SRK_HANDLE, &primary->esys_handle);
                if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to persist SRK within TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));
                primary->keep = true;
        }

        if (ret_primary)
                *ret_primary = TAKE_PTR(primary);
        if (ret_alg)
                *ret_alg = alg;

        return 0;
}

/* Utility functions for TPMS_PCR_SELECTION. */

/* Convert a TPMS_PCR_SELECTION object to a mask. */
void tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_to_mask(const TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *s, uint32_t *ret) {
        assert(s);
        assert(s->sizeofSelect <= sizeof(s->pcrSelect));
        assert(ret);

        uint32_t mask = 0;
        for (unsigned i = 0; i < s->sizeofSelect; i++)
                SET_FLAG(mask, (uint32_t)s->pcrSelect[i] << (i * 8), true);
        *ret = mask;
}

/* Convert a mask and hash alg to a TPMS_PCR_SELECTION object. */
void tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_from_mask(uint32_t mask, TPMI_ALG_HASH hash_alg, TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *ret) {
        assert(ret);

        /* This is currently hardcoded at 24 PCRs, above. */
        if (!TPM2_PCR_MASK_VALID(mask))
                log_warning("PCR mask selections (%x) out of range, ignoring.",
                            mask & ~((uint32_t)TPM2_PCRS_MASK));

        *ret = (TPMS_PCR_SELECTION){
                .hash = hash_alg,
                .sizeofSelect = TPM2_PCRS_MAX / 8,
                .pcrSelect[0] = mask & 0xff,
                .pcrSelect[1] = (mask >> 8) & 0xff,
                .pcrSelect[2] = (mask >> 16) & 0xff,
        };
}

/* Add all PCR selections in 'b' to 'a'. Both must have the same hash alg. */
void tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_add(TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *a, const TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *b) {
        assert(a);
        assert(b);
        assert(a->hash == b->hash);

        uint32_t maska, maskb;
        tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_to_mask(a, &maska);
        tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_to_mask(b, &maskb);
        tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_from_mask(maska | maskb, a->hash, a);
}

/* Remove all PCR selections in 'b' from 'a'. Both must have the same hash alg. */
void tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_sub(TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *a, const TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *b) {
        assert(a);
        assert(b);
        assert(a->hash == b->hash);

        uint32_t maska, maskb;
        tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_to_mask(a, &maska);
        tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_to_mask(b, &maskb);
        tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_from_mask(maska & ~maskb, a->hash, a);
}

/* Move all PCR selections in 'b' to 'a'. Both must have the same hash alg. */
void tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_move(TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *a, TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *b) {
        if (a == b)
                return;

        tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_add(a, b);
        tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_from_mask(0, b->hash, b);
}

#define FOREACH_PCR_IN_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION(pcr, tpms)                    \
        _FOREACH_PCR_IN_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION(pcr, tpms, UNIQ)
#define _FOREACH_PCR_IN_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION(pcr, tpms, uniq)             \
        FOREACH_PCR_IN_MASK(pcr,                                        \
                            ({ uint32_t UNIQ_T(_mask, uniq);            \
                                    tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_to_mask(tpms, &UNIQ_T(_mask, uniq)); \
                                    UNIQ_T(_mask, uniq);                \
                            }))

#define FOREACH_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION_IN_TPML_PCR_SELECTION(tpms, tpml)    \
        UNIQ_FOREACH_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION_IN_TPML_PCR_SELECTION(tpms, tpml, UNIQ)
#define UNIQ_FOREACH_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION_IN_TPML_PCR_SELECTION(tpms, tpml, uniq) \
        for (TPML_PCR_SELECTION *UNIQ_T(_tpml, uniq) = (TPML_PCR_SELECTION*)(tpml); \
             UNIQ_T(_tpml, uniq); UNIQ_T(_tpml, uniq) = NULL)           \
                _FOREACH_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION_IN_TPML_PCR_SELECTION(tpms, UNIQ_T(_tpml, uniq))
#define _FOREACH_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION_IN_TPML_PCR_SELECTION(tpms, tpml)   \
        for (TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *tpms = tpml->pcrSelections;            \
             (uint32_t)(tpms - tpml->pcrSelections) < tpml->count;      \
             tpms++)

#define FOREACH_PCR_IN_TPML_PCR_SELECTION(pcr, tpms, tpml)              \
        FOREACH_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION_IN_TPML_PCR_SELECTION(tpms, tpml)    \
                FOREACH_PCR_IN_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION(pcr, tpms)

char *tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_to_string(const TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *s) {
        assert(s);

        const char *algstr = strna(tpm2_hash_alg_to_string(s->hash));

        uint32_t mask;
        tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_to_mask(s, &mask);
        _cleanup_free_ char *maskstr = tpm2_pcr_mask_to_string(mask);
        if (!maskstr)
                return NULL;

        return strjoin(algstr, "(", maskstr, ")");
}

size_t tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_weight(const TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *s) {
        assert(s);

        uint32_t mask;
        tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_to_mask(s, &mask);
        return popcount(mask);
}

/* Utility functions for TPML_PCR_SELECTION. */

/* Remove the (0-based) index entry from 'l', shift all following entries, and update the count. */
static void tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_remove_index(TPML_PCR_SELECTION *l, uint32_t index) {
        assert(l);
        assert(l->count <= sizeof(l->pcrSelections));
        assert(index < l->count);

        size_t s = l->count - (index + 1);
        memmove(&l->pcrSelections[index], &l->pcrSelections[index + 1], s * sizeof(l->pcrSelections[0]));
        l->count--;
}

/* Get a TPMS_PCR_SELECTION from a TPML_PCR_SELECTION for the given hash alg. Returns NULL if there is no
 * entry for the hash alg. This guarantees the returned entry contains all the PCR selections for the given
 * hash alg, which may require modifying the TPML_PCR_SELECTION by removing duplicate entries. */
static TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_get_tpms_pcr_selection(
                TPML_PCR_SELECTION *l,
                TPMI_ALG_HASH hash_alg) {

        assert(l);

        TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *selection = NULL;
        FOREACH_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION_IN_TPML_PCR_SELECTION(s, l)
                if (s->hash == hash_alg) {
                        selection = s;
                        break;
                }

        if (!selection)
                return NULL;

        /* Iterate backwards through the entries, removing any other entries for the hash alg. */
        for (uint32_t i = l->count - 1; i > 0; i--) {
                TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *s = &l->pcrSelections[i];

                if (selection == s)
                        break;

                if (s->hash == hash_alg) {
                        tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_move(selection, s);
                        tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_remove_index(l, i);
                }
        }

        return selection;
}

/* Convert a TPML_PCR_SELECTION object to a mask. Returns -ENOENT if 'hash_alg' is not in the object. */
int tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_to_mask(const TPML_PCR_SELECTION *l, TPMI_ALG_HASH hash_alg, uint32_t *ret) {
        assert(l);
        assert(ret);

        /* Make a copy, as tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_get_tpms_pcr_selection() will modify the object if there
         * are multiple entries with the requested hash alg. */
        TPML_PCR_SELECTION lcopy = *l;

        TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *s;
        s = tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_get_tpms_pcr_selection(&lcopy, hash_alg);
        if (!s)
                return SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOENT);

        tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_to_mask(s, ret);
        return 0;
}

/* Convert a mask and hash alg to a TPML_PCR_SELECTION object. */
void tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_from_mask(uint32_t mask, TPMI_ALG_HASH hash_alg, TPML_PCR_SELECTION *ret) {
        assert(ret);

        TPMS_PCR_SELECTION s;
        tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_from_mask(mask, hash_alg, &s);

        *ret = (TPML_PCR_SELECTION){
                .count = 1,
                .pcrSelections[0] = s,
        };
}

/* Combine all duplicate (same hash alg) TPMS_PCR_SELECTION entries in 'l'. */
static void tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_cleanup(TPML_PCR_SELECTION *l) {
        FOREACH_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION_IN_TPML_PCR_SELECTION(s, l)
                /* This removes all duplicates for s->hash. */
                (void) tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_get_tpms_pcr_selection(l, s->hash);
}

/* Add the PCR selections in 's' to the corresponding hash alg TPMS_PCR_SELECTION entry in 'l'. Adds a new
 * TPMS_PCR_SELECTION entry for the hash alg if needed. This may modify the TPML_PCR_SELECTION by combining
 * entries with the same hash alg. */
void tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_add_tpms_pcr_selection(TPML_PCR_SELECTION *l, const TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *s) {
        assert(l);
        assert(s);

        if (tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_is_empty(s))
                return;

        TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *selection = tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_get_tpms_pcr_selection(l, s->hash);
        if (selection) {
                tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_add(selection, s);
                return;
        }

        /* It's already broken if the count is higher than the array has size for. */
        assert(!(l->count > sizeof(l->pcrSelections)));

        /* If full, the cleanup should result in at least one available entry. */
        if (l->count == sizeof(l->pcrSelections))
                tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_cleanup(l);

        assert(l->count < sizeof(l->pcrSelections));
        l->pcrSelections[l->count++] = *s;
}

/* Remove the PCR selections in 's' from the corresponding hash alg TPMS_PCR_SELECTION entry in 'l'. This
 * will combine all entries for 's->hash' in 'l'. */
void tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_sub_tpms_pcr_selection(TPML_PCR_SELECTION *l, const TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *s) {
        assert(l);
        assert(s);

        if (tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_is_empty(s))
                return;

        TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *selection = tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_get_tpms_pcr_selection(l, s->hash);
        if (selection)
                tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_sub(selection, s);
}

/* Add all PCR selections in 'b' to 'a'. */
void tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_add(TPML_PCR_SELECTION *a, const TPML_PCR_SELECTION *b) {
        assert(a);
        assert(b);

        FOREACH_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION_IN_TPML_PCR_SELECTION(selection_b, (TPML_PCR_SELECTION*) b)
                tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_add_tpms_pcr_selection(a, selection_b);
}

/* Remove all PCR selections in 'b' from 'a'. */
void tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_sub(TPML_PCR_SELECTION *a, const TPML_PCR_SELECTION *b) {
        assert(a);
        assert(b);

        FOREACH_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION_IN_TPML_PCR_SELECTION(selection_b, (TPML_PCR_SELECTION*) b)
                tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_sub_tpms_pcr_selection(a, selection_b);
}

char *tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_to_string(const TPML_PCR_SELECTION *l) {
        assert(l);

        _cleanup_free_ char *banks = NULL;
        FOREACH_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION_IN_TPML_PCR_SELECTION(s, (TPML_PCR_SELECTION*) l) {
                if (tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_is_empty(s))
                        continue;

                _cleanup_free_ char *str = tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_to_string(s);
                if (!str || !strextend_with_separator(&banks, ",", str))
                        return NULL;
        }

        return strjoin("[", strempty(banks), "]");
}

size_t tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_weight(const TPML_PCR_SELECTION *l) {
        assert(l);
        assert(l->count <= sizeof(l->pcrSelections));

        size_t weight = 0;
        FOREACH_TPMS_PCR_SELECTION_IN_TPML_PCR_SELECTION(s, l) {
                size_t w = tpm2_tpms_pcr_selection_weight(s);
                assert(weight <= SIZE_MAX - w);
                weight += w;
        }

        return weight;
}

static void tpm2_log_debug_tpml_pcr_selection(const TPML_PCR_SELECTION *l, const char *msg) {
        if (!DEBUG_LOGGING || !l)
                return;

        _cleanup_free_ char *s = tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_to_string(l);
        log_debug("%s: %s", msg ?: "PCR selection", strna(s));
}

static void tpm2_log_debug_buffer(const void *buffer, size_t size, const char *msg) {
        if (!DEBUG_LOGGING || !buffer || size == 0)
                return;

        _cleanup_free_ char *h = hexmem(buffer, size);
        log_debug("%s: %s", msg ?: "Buffer", strna(h));
}

static void tpm2_log_debug_digest(const TPM2B_DIGEST *digest, const char *msg) {
        if (digest)
                tpm2_log_debug_buffer(digest->buffer, digest->size, msg ?: "Digest");
}

static int tpm2_get_policy_digest(
                Tpm2Context *c,
                const Tpm2Handle *session,
                TPM2B_DIGEST **ret_policy_digest) {

        TSS2_RC rc;

        if (!DEBUG_LOGGING && !ret_policy_digest)
                return 0;

        assert(c);
        assert(session);

        log_debug("Acquiring policy digest.");

        _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPM2B_DIGEST *policy_digest = NULL;
        rc = sym_Esys_PolicyGetDigest(
                        c->esys_context,
                        session->esys_handle,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        &policy_digest);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                       "Failed to get policy digest from TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        tpm2_log_debug_digest(policy_digest, "Session policy digest");

        if (ret_policy_digest)
                *ret_policy_digest = TAKE_PTR(policy_digest);

        return 0;
}

static int tpm2_pcr_read(
                Tpm2Context *c,
                const TPML_PCR_SELECTION *pcr_selection,
                TPML_PCR_SELECTION *ret_pcr_selection,
                TPM2B_DIGEST **ret_pcr_values,
                size_t *ret_pcr_values_size) {

        _cleanup_free_ TPM2B_DIGEST *pcr_values = NULL;
        TPML_PCR_SELECTION remaining, total_read = {};
        size_t pcr_values_size = 0;
        TSS2_RC rc;

        assert(c);
        assert(pcr_selection);

        remaining = *pcr_selection;
        while (!tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_is_empty(&remaining)) {
                _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPML_PCR_SELECTION *current_read = NULL;
                _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPML_DIGEST *current_values = NULL;

                tpm2_log_debug_tpml_pcr_selection(&remaining, "Reading PCR selection");

                /* Unfortunately, PCR_Read will not return more than 8 values. */
                rc = sym_Esys_PCR_Read(
                                c->esys_context,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                &remaining,
                                NULL,
                                &current_read,
                                &current_values);
                if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to read TPM2 PCRs: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

                if (tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_is_empty(current_read)) {
                        log_warning("TPM2 refused to read possibly unimplemented PCRs, ignoring.");
                        break;
                }

                tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_sub(&remaining, current_read);
                tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_add(&total_read, current_read);

                if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(pcr_values, pcr_values_size + current_values->count))
                        return log_oom();

                memcpy_safe(&pcr_values[pcr_values_size], current_values->digests,
                            current_values->count * sizeof(TPM2B_DIGEST));
                pcr_values_size += current_values->count;

                if (DEBUG_LOGGING) {
                        unsigned i = 0;
                        FOREACH_PCR_IN_TPML_PCR_SELECTION(pcr, s, current_read) {
                                assert(i < current_values->count);

                                TPM2B_DIGEST *d = &current_values->digests[i];
                                i++;

                                TPML_PCR_SELECTION l;
                                tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_from_mask(INDEX_TO_MASK(uint32_t, pcr), s->hash, &l);

                                _cleanup_free_ char *desc = tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_to_string(&l);
                                tpm2_log_debug_digest(d, strna(desc));
                        }
                }
        }

        if (ret_pcr_selection)
                *ret_pcr_selection = total_read;
        if (ret_pcr_values)
                *ret_pcr_values = TAKE_PTR(pcr_values);
        if (ret_pcr_values_size)
                *ret_pcr_values_size = pcr_values_size;

        return 0;
}

static int tpm2_pcr_mask_good(
                Tpm2Context *c,
                TPMI_ALG_HASH bank,
                uint32_t mask) {

        _cleanup_free_ TPM2B_DIGEST *pcr_values = NULL;
        TPML_PCR_SELECTION selection;
        size_t pcr_values_size = 0;
        int r;

        assert(c);

        /* So we have the problem that some systems might have working TPM2 chips, but the firmware doesn't
         * actually measure into them, or only into a suboptimal bank. If so, the PCRs should be all zero or
         * all 0xFF. Detect that, so that we can warn and maybe pick a better bank. */

        tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_from_mask(mask, bank, &selection);

        r = tpm2_pcr_read(c, &selection, &selection, &pcr_values, &pcr_values_size);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        /* If at least one of the selected PCR values is something other than all 0x00 or all 0xFF we are happy. */
        unsigned i = 0;
        FOREACH_PCR_IN_TPML_PCR_SELECTION(pcr, s, &selection) {
                assert(i < pcr_values_size);

                if (!memeqbyte(0x00, pcr_values[i].buffer, pcr_values[i].size) &&
                    !memeqbyte(0xFF, pcr_values[i].buffer, pcr_values[i].size))
                        return true;

                i++;
        }

        return false;
}

static int tpm2_bank_has24(const TPMS_PCR_SELECTION *selection) {

        assert(selection);

        /* As per https://trustedcomputinggroup.org/wp-content/uploads/TCG_PCClient_PFP_r1p05_v23_pub.pdf a
         * TPM2 on a Client PC must have at least 24 PCRs. If this TPM has less, just skip over it. */
        if (selection->sizeofSelect < TPM2_PCRS_MAX/8) {
                log_debug("Skipping TPM2 PCR bank %s with fewer than 24 PCRs.",
                          strna(tpm2_hash_alg_to_string(selection->hash)));
                return false;
        }

        assert_cc(TPM2_PCRS_MAX % 8 == 0);

        /* It's not enough to check how many PCRs there are, we also need to check that the 24 are
         * enabled for this bank. Otherwise this TPM doesn't qualify. */
        bool valid = true;
        for (size_t j = 0; j < TPM2_PCRS_MAX/8; j++)
                if (selection->pcrSelect[j] != 0xFF) {
                        valid = false;
                        break;
                }

        if (!valid)
                log_debug("TPM2 PCR bank %s has fewer than 24 PCR bits enabled, ignoring.",
                          strna(tpm2_hash_alg_to_string(selection->hash)));

        return valid;
}

static int tpm2_get_best_pcr_bank(
                Tpm2Context *c,
                uint32_t pcr_mask,
                TPMI_ALG_HASH *ret) {

        _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPMS_CAPABILITY_DATA *pcap = NULL;
        TPMI_ALG_HASH supported_hash = 0, hash_with_valid_pcr = 0;
        TPMI_YES_NO more;
        TSS2_RC rc;
        int r;

        assert(c);

        rc = sym_Esys_GetCapability(
                        c->esys_context,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        TPM2_CAP_PCRS,
                        0,
                        1,
                        &more,
                        &pcap);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                       "Failed to determine TPM2 PCR bank capabilities: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        assert(pcap->capability == TPM2_CAP_PCRS);

        for (size_t i = 0; i < pcap->data.assignedPCR.count; i++) {
                int good;

                /* For now we are only interested in the SHA1 and SHA256 banks */
                if (!IN_SET(pcap->data.assignedPCR.pcrSelections[i].hash, TPM2_ALG_SHA256, TPM2_ALG_SHA1))
                        continue;

                r = tpm2_bank_has24(pcap->data.assignedPCR.pcrSelections + i);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
                if (!r)
                        continue;

                good = tpm2_pcr_mask_good(c, pcap->data.assignedPCR.pcrSelections[i].hash, pcr_mask);
                if (good < 0)
                        return good;

                if (pcap->data.assignedPCR.pcrSelections[i].hash == TPM2_ALG_SHA256) {
                        supported_hash = TPM2_ALG_SHA256;
                        if (good) {
                                /* Great, SHA256 is supported and has initialized PCR values, we are done. */
                                hash_with_valid_pcr = TPM2_ALG_SHA256;
                                break;
                        }
                } else {
                        assert(pcap->data.assignedPCR.pcrSelections[i].hash == TPM2_ALG_SHA1);

                        if (supported_hash == 0)
                                supported_hash = TPM2_ALG_SHA1;

                        if (good && hash_with_valid_pcr == 0)
                                hash_with_valid_pcr = TPM2_ALG_SHA1;
                }
        }

        /* We preferably pick SHA256, but only if its PCRs are initialized or neither the SHA1 nor the SHA256
         * PCRs are initialized. If SHA256 is not supported but SHA1 is and its PCRs are too, we prefer
         * SHA1.
         *
         * We log at LOG_NOTICE level whenever we end up using the SHA1 bank or when the PCRs we bind to are
         * not initialized. */

        if (hash_with_valid_pcr == TPM2_ALG_SHA256) {
                assert(supported_hash == TPM2_ALG_SHA256);
                log_debug("TPM2 device supports SHA256 PCR bank and SHA256 PCRs are valid, yay!");
                *ret = TPM2_ALG_SHA256;
        } else if (hash_with_valid_pcr == TPM2_ALG_SHA1) {
                if (supported_hash == TPM2_ALG_SHA256)
                        log_notice("TPM2 device supports both SHA1 and SHA256 PCR banks, but only SHA1 PCRs are valid, falling back to SHA1 bank. This reduces the security level substantially.");
                else {
                        assert(supported_hash == TPM2_ALG_SHA1);
                        log_notice("TPM2 device lacks support for SHA256 PCR bank, but SHA1 bank is supported and SHA1 PCRs are valid, falling back to SHA1 bank. This reduces the security level substantially.");
                }

                *ret = TPM2_ALG_SHA1;
        } else if (supported_hash == TPM2_ALG_SHA256) {
                log_notice("TPM2 device supports SHA256 PCR bank but none of the selected PCRs are valid! Firmware apparently did not initialize any of the selected PCRs. Proceeding anyway with SHA256 bank. PCR policy effectively unenforced!");
                *ret = TPM2_ALG_SHA256;
        } else if (supported_hash == TPM2_ALG_SHA1) {
                log_notice("TPM2 device lacks support for SHA256 bank, but SHA1 bank is supported, but none of the selected PCRs are valid! Firmware apparently did not initialize any of the selected PCRs. Proceeding anyway with SHA1 bank. PCR policy effectively unenforced!");
                *ret = TPM2_ALG_SHA1;
        } else
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
                                       "TPM2 module supports neither SHA1 nor SHA256 PCR banks, cannot operate.");

        return 0;
}

int tpm2_get_good_pcr_banks(
                Tpm2Context *c,
                uint32_t pcr_mask,
                TPMI_ALG_HASH **ret) {

        _cleanup_free_ TPMI_ALG_HASH *good_banks = NULL, *fallback_banks = NULL;
        _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPMS_CAPABILITY_DATA *pcap = NULL;
        size_t n_good_banks = 0, n_fallback_banks = 0;
        TPMI_YES_NO more;
        TSS2_RC rc;
        int r;

        assert(c);
        assert(ret);

        rc = sym_Esys_GetCapability(
                        c->esys_context,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        TPM2_CAP_PCRS,
                        0,
                        1,
                        &more,
                        &pcap);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                       "Failed to determine TPM2 PCR bank capabilities: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        assert(pcap->capability == TPM2_CAP_PCRS);

        for (size_t i = 0; i < pcap->data.assignedPCR.count; i++) {

                /* Let's see if this bank is superficially OK, i.e. has at least 24 enabled registers */
                r = tpm2_bank_has24(pcap->data.assignedPCR.pcrSelections + i);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
                if (!r)
                        continue;

                /* Let's now see if this bank has any of the selected PCRs actually initialized */
                r = tpm2_pcr_mask_good(c, pcap->data.assignedPCR.pcrSelections[i].hash, pcr_mask);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                if (n_good_banks + n_fallback_banks >= INT_MAX)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(E2BIG), "Too many good TPM2 banks?");

                if (r) {
                        if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(good_banks, n_good_banks+1))
                                return log_oom();

                        good_banks[n_good_banks++] = pcap->data.assignedPCR.pcrSelections[i].hash;
                } else {
                        if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(fallback_banks, n_fallback_banks+1))
                                return log_oom();

                        fallback_banks[n_fallback_banks++] = pcap->data.assignedPCR.pcrSelections[i].hash;
                }
        }

        /* Preferably, use the good banks (i.e. the ones the PCR values are actually initialized so
         * far). Otherwise use the fallback banks (i.e. which exist and are enabled, but so far not used. */
        if (n_good_banks > 0) {
                log_debug("Found %zu fully initialized TPM2 banks.", n_good_banks);
                *ret = TAKE_PTR(good_banks);
                return (int) n_good_banks;
        }
        if (n_fallback_banks > 0) {
                log_debug("Found %zu enabled but un-initialized TPM2 banks.", n_fallback_banks);
                *ret = TAKE_PTR(fallback_banks);
                return (int) n_fallback_banks;
        }

        /* No suitable banks found. */
        *ret = NULL;
        return 0;
}

int tpm2_get_good_pcr_banks_strv(
                Tpm2Context *c,
                uint32_t pcr_mask,
                char ***ret) {

#if HAVE_OPENSSL
        _cleanup_free_ TPMI_ALG_HASH *algs = NULL;
        _cleanup_strv_free_ char **l = NULL;
        int n_algs;

        assert(c);
        assert(ret);

        n_algs = tpm2_get_good_pcr_banks(c, pcr_mask, &algs);
        if (n_algs < 0)
                return n_algs;

        for (int i = 0; i < n_algs; i++) {
                _cleanup_free_ char *n = NULL;
                const EVP_MD *implementation;
                const char *salg;

                salg = tpm2_hash_alg_to_string(algs[i]);
                if (!salg)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE), "TPM2 operates with unknown PCR algorithm, can't measure.");

                implementation = EVP_get_digestbyname(salg);
                if (!implementation)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE), "TPM2 operates with unsupported PCR algorithm, can't measure.");

                n = strdup(ASSERT_PTR(EVP_MD_name(implementation)));
                if (!n)
                        return log_oom();

                ascii_strlower(n); /* OpenSSL uses uppercase digest names, we prefer them lower case. */

                if (strv_consume(&l, TAKE_PTR(n)) < 0)
                        return log_oom();
        }

        *ret = TAKE_PTR(l);
        return 0;
#else /* HAVE_OPENSSL */
        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "OpenSSL support is disabled.");
#endif
}

static void hash_pin(const char *pin, size_t len, TPM2B_AUTH *auth) {
        struct sha256_ctx hash;

        assert(auth);
        assert(pin);

        auth->size = SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE;

        CLEANUP_ERASE(hash);

        sha256_init_ctx(&hash);
        sha256_process_bytes(pin, len, &hash);
        sha256_finish_ctx(&hash, auth->buffer);
}

static bool tpm2_is_encryption_session(Tpm2Context *c, const Tpm2Handle *session) {
        TPMA_SESSION flags = 0;
        TSS2_RC rc;

        assert(c);
        assert(session);

        rc = sym_Esys_TRSess_GetAttributes(c->esys_context, session->esys_handle, &flags);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return false;

        return (flags & TPMA_SESSION_DECRYPT) && (flags & TPMA_SESSION_ENCRYPT);
}

static int tpm2_make_encryption_session(
                Tpm2Context *c,
                const Tpm2Handle *primary,
                const Tpm2Handle *bind_key,
                const char *pin,
                Tpm2Handle **ret_session) {

        static const TPMT_SYM_DEF symmetric = {
                .algorithm = TPM2_ALG_AES,
                .keyBits.aes = 128,
                .mode.aes = TPM2_ALG_CFB,
        };
        const TPMA_SESSION sessionAttributes = TPMA_SESSION_DECRYPT | TPMA_SESSION_ENCRYPT |
                        TPMA_SESSION_CONTINUESESSION;
        TSS2_RC rc;
        int r;

        assert(c);
        assert(ret_session);

        /*
         * if a pin is set for the seal object, use it to bind the session
         * key to that object. This prevents active bus interposers from
         * faking a TPM and seeing the unsealed value. An active interposer
         * could fake a TPM, satisfying the encrypted session, and just
         * forward everything to the *real* TPM.
         */
        if (pin) {
                TPM2B_AUTH auth = {};

                CLEANUP_ERASE(auth);

                hash_pin(pin, strlen(pin), &auth);

                rc = sym_Esys_TR_SetAuth(c->esys_context, bind_key->esys_handle, &auth);
                if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(
                                               SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to load PIN in TPM: %s",
                                               sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));
        }

        log_debug("Starting HMAC encryption session.");

        /* Start a salted, unbound HMAC session with a well-known key (e.g. primary key) as tpmKey, which
         * means that the random salt will be encrypted with the well-known key. That way, only the TPM can
         * recover the salt, which is then used for key derivation. */
        _cleanup_tpm2_handle_ Tpm2Handle *session = NULL;
        r = tpm2_handle_new(c, &session);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        rc = sym_Esys_StartAuthSession(
                        c->esys_context,
                        primary->esys_handle,
                        bind_key->esys_handle,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        NULL,
                        TPM2_SE_HMAC,
                        &symmetric,
                        TPM2_ALG_SHA256,
                        &session->esys_handle);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                       "Failed to open session in TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        /* Enable parameter encryption/decryption with AES in CFB mode. Together with HMAC digests (which are
         * always used for sessions), this provides confidentiality, integrity and replay protection for
         * operations that use this session. */
        rc = sym_Esys_TRSess_SetAttributes(c->esys_context, session->esys_handle, sessionAttributes, 0xff);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return log_error_errno(
                                SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                "Failed to configure TPM session: %s",
                                sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        *ret_session = TAKE_PTR(session);

        return 0;
}

static int tpm2_make_policy_session(
                Tpm2Context *c,
                const Tpm2Handle *primary,
                const Tpm2Handle *encryption_session,
                bool trial,
                Tpm2Handle **ret_session) {

        static const TPMT_SYM_DEF symmetric = {
                .algorithm = TPM2_ALG_AES,
                .keyBits.aes = 128,
                .mode.aes = TPM2_ALG_CFB,
        };
        TPM2_SE session_type = trial ? TPM2_SE_TRIAL : TPM2_SE_POLICY;
        TSS2_RC rc;
        int r;

        assert(c);
        assert(primary);
        assert(encryption_session);
        assert(ret_session);

        if (!tpm2_is_encryption_session(c, encryption_session))
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL),
                                       "Missing encryption session");

        log_debug("Starting policy session.");

        _cleanup_tpm2_handle_ Tpm2Handle *session = NULL;
        r = tpm2_handle_new(c, &session);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        rc = sym_Esys_StartAuthSession(
                        c->esys_context,
                        primary->esys_handle,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        encryption_session->esys_handle,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        NULL,
                        session_type,
                        &symmetric,
                        TPM2_ALG_SHA256,
                        &session->esys_handle);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                       "Failed to open session in TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        *ret_session = TAKE_PTR(session);

        return 0;
}

static int openssl_pubkey_to_tpm2_pubkey(
                const void *pubkey,
                size_t pubkey_size,
                TPM2B_PUBLIC *output,
                void **ret_fp,
                size_t *ret_fp_size) {

#if HAVE_OPENSSL
#if OPENSSL_VERSION_MAJOR >= 3
        _cleanup_(BN_freep) BIGNUM *n = NULL, *e = NULL;
#else
        const BIGNUM *n = NULL, *e = NULL;
        const RSA *rsa = NULL;
#endif
        int r, n_bytes, e_bytes;

        assert(pubkey);
        assert(pubkey_size > 0);
        assert(output);

        /* Converts an OpenSSL public key to a structure that the TPM chip can process. */

        _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
        f = fmemopen((void*) pubkey, pubkey_size, "r");
        if (!f)
                return log_oom();

        _cleanup_(EVP_PKEY_freep) EVP_PKEY *input = NULL;
        input = PEM_read_PUBKEY(f, NULL, NULL, NULL);
        if (!input)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to parse PEM public key.");

        if (EVP_PKEY_base_id(input) != EVP_PKEY_RSA)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Provided public key is not an RSA key.");

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_MAJOR >= 3
        if (!EVP_PKEY_get_bn_param(input, OSSL_PKEY_PARAM_RSA_N, &n))
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to get RSA modulus from public key.");
#else
        rsa = EVP_PKEY_get0_RSA(input);
        if (!rsa)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to extract RSA key from public key.");

        n = RSA_get0_n(rsa);
        if (!n)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to get RSA modulus from public key.");
#endif

        n_bytes = BN_num_bytes(n);
        assert_se(n_bytes > 0);
        if ((size_t) n_bytes > sizeof_field(TPM2B_PUBLIC, publicArea.unique.rsa.buffer))
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "RSA modulus too large for TPM2 public key object.");

#if OPENSSL_VERSION_MAJOR >= 3
        if (!EVP_PKEY_get_bn_param(input, OSSL_PKEY_PARAM_RSA_E, &e))
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to get RSA exponent from public key.");
#else
        e = RSA_get0_e(rsa);
        if (!e)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to get RSA exponent from public key.");
#endif

        e_bytes = BN_num_bytes(e);
        assert_se(e_bytes > 0);
        if ((size_t) e_bytes > sizeof_field(TPM2B_PUBLIC, publicArea.parameters.rsaDetail.exponent))
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "RSA exponent too large for TPM2 public key object.");

        *output = (TPM2B_PUBLIC) {
                .size = sizeof(TPMT_PUBLIC),
                .publicArea = {
                        .type = TPM2_ALG_RSA,
                        .nameAlg = TPM2_ALG_SHA256,
                        .objectAttributes = TPMA_OBJECT_DECRYPT | TPMA_OBJECT_SIGN_ENCRYPT | TPMA_OBJECT_USERWITHAUTH,
                        .parameters.rsaDetail = {
                                .scheme = {
                                        .scheme = TPM2_ALG_NULL,
                                        .details.anySig.hashAlg = TPM2_ALG_NULL,
                                },
                                .symmetric = {
                                        .algorithm = TPM2_ALG_NULL,
                                        .mode.sym = TPM2_ALG_NULL,
                                },
                                .keyBits = n_bytes * 8,
                                /* .exponent will be filled in below. */
                        },
                        .unique = {
                                .rsa.size = n_bytes,
                                /* .rsa.buffer will be filled in below. */
                        },
                },
        };

        if (BN_bn2bin(n, output->publicArea.unique.rsa.buffer) <= 0)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to convert RSA modulus.");

        if (BN_bn2bin(e, (unsigned char*) &output->publicArea.parameters.rsaDetail.exponent) <= 0)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Failed to convert RSA exponent.");

        if (ret_fp) {
                _cleanup_free_ void *fp = NULL;
                size_t fp_size;

                assert(ret_fp_size);

                r = pubkey_fingerprint(input, EVP_sha256(), &fp, &fp_size);
                if (r < 0)
                        return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to calculate public key fingerprint: %m");

                *ret_fp = TAKE_PTR(fp);
                *ret_fp_size = fp_size;
        }

        return 0;
#else /* HAVE_OPENSSL */
        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "OpenSSL support is disabled.");
#endif
}

static int find_signature(
                JsonVariant *v,
                const TPML_PCR_SELECTION *pcr_selection,
                const void *fp,
                size_t fp_size,
                const void *policy,
                size_t policy_size,
                void *ret_signature,
                size_t *ret_signature_size) {

#if HAVE_OPENSSL
        JsonVariant *b, *i;
        const char *k;
        int r;

        /* Searches for a signature blob in the specified JSON object. Search keys are PCR bank, PCR mask,
         * public key, and policy digest. */

        if (!json_variant_is_object(v))
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Signature is not a JSON object.");

        uint16_t pcr_bank = pcr_selection->pcrSelections[0].hash;
        uint32_t pcr_mask;
        r = tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_to_mask(pcr_selection, pcr_bank, &pcr_mask);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        k = tpm2_hash_alg_to_string(pcr_bank);
        if (!k)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "Don't know PCR bank %" PRIu16, pcr_bank);

        /* First, find field by bank */
        b = json_variant_by_key(v, k);
        if (!b)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENXIO), "Signature lacks data for PCR bank '%s'.", k);

        if (!json_variant_is_array(b))
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Bank data is not a JSON array.");

        /* Now iterate through all signatures known for this bank */
        JSON_VARIANT_ARRAY_FOREACH(i, b) {
                _cleanup_free_ void *fpj_data = NULL, *polj_data = NULL;
                JsonVariant *maskj, *fpj, *sigj, *polj;
                size_t fpj_size, polj_size;
                uint32_t parsed_mask;

                if (!json_variant_is_object(i))
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Bank data element is not a JSON object");

                /* Check if the PCR mask matches our expectations */
                maskj = json_variant_by_key(i, "pcrs");
                if (!maskj)
                        continue;

                r = tpm2_parse_pcr_json_array(maskj, &parsed_mask);
                if (r < 0)
                        return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse JSON PCR mask");

                if (parsed_mask != pcr_mask)
                        continue; /* Not for this PCR mask */

                /* Then check if this is for the public key we operate with */
                fpj = json_variant_by_key(i, "pkfp");
                if (!fpj)
                        continue;

                r = json_variant_unhex(fpj, &fpj_data, &fpj_size);
                if (r < 0)
                        return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to decode fingerprint in JSON data: %m");

                if (memcmp_nn(fp, fp_size, fpj_data, fpj_size) != 0)
                        continue; /* Not for this public key */

                /* Finally, check if this is for the PCR policy we expect this to be */
                polj = json_variant_by_key(i, "pol");
                if (!polj)
                        continue;

                r = json_variant_unhex(polj, &polj_data, &polj_size);
                if (r < 0)
                        return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to decode policy hash JSON data: %m");

                if (memcmp_nn(policy, policy_size, polj_data, polj_size) != 0)
                        continue;

                /* This entry matches all our expectations, now return the signature included in it */
                sigj = json_variant_by_key(i, "sig");
                if (!sigj)
                        continue;

                return json_variant_unbase64(sigj, ret_signature, ret_signature_size);
        }

        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENXIO), "Couldn't find signature for this PCR bank, PCR index and public key.");
#else /* HAVE_OPENSSL */
        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "OpenSSL support is disabled.");
#endif
}

static int tpm2_build_sealing_policy(
                Tpm2Context *c,
                const Tpm2Handle *session,
                uint32_t hash_pcr_mask,
                uint16_t pcr_bank,
                const void *pubkey,
                size_t pubkey_size,
                uint32_t pubkey_pcr_mask,
                JsonVariant *signature_json,
                bool use_pin,
                TPM2B_DIGEST **ret_policy_digest) {

        TSS2_RC rc;
        int r;

        assert(c);
        assert(session);
        assert(pubkey || pubkey_size == 0);
        assert(pubkey_pcr_mask == 0 || pubkey_size > 0);

        log_debug("Building sealing policy.");

        if ((hash_pcr_mask | pubkey_pcr_mask) != 0) {
                r = tpm2_pcr_mask_good(c, pcr_bank, hash_pcr_mask|pubkey_pcr_mask);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
                if (r == 0)
                        log_warning("Selected TPM2 PCRs are not initialized on this system.");
        }

        if (pubkey_pcr_mask != 0) {
                _cleanup_free_ void *fp = NULL;
                size_t fp_size = 0;
                TPM2B_PUBLIC pubkey_tpm2;

                log_debug("Configuring public key based PCR policy.");

                /* Convert the PEM key to TPM2 format */
                r = openssl_pubkey_to_tpm2_pubkey(pubkey, pubkey_size, &pubkey_tpm2, &fp, &fp_size);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                _cleanup_tpm2_handle_ Tpm2Handle *pubkey_handle = NULL;
                r = tpm2_handle_new(c, &pubkey_handle);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                rc = sym_Esys_LoadExternal(
                                c->esys_context,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                NULL,
                                &pubkey_tpm2,
#if HAVE_TSS2_ESYS3
                                /* tpm2-tss >= 3.0.0 requires a ESYS_TR_RH_* constant specifying the requested
                                 * hierarchy, older versions need TPM2_RH_* instead. */
                                ESYS_TR_RH_OWNER,
#else
                                TPM2_RH_OWNER,
#endif
                                &pubkey_handle->esys_handle);
                if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                                "Failed to load public key into TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

                /* Acquire the "name" of what we just loaded */
                _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPM2B_NAME *pubkey_name = NULL;
                rc = sym_Esys_TR_GetName(
                                c->esys_context,
                                pubkey_handle->esys_handle,
                                &pubkey_name);
                if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to get name of public key from TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

                /* Put together the PCR policy we want to use */
                TPML_PCR_SELECTION pcr_selection;
                tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_from_mask(pubkey_pcr_mask, (TPMI_ALG_HASH)pcr_bank, &pcr_selection);
                rc = sym_Esys_PolicyPCR(
                                c->esys_context,
                                session->esys_handle,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                NULL,
                                &pcr_selection);
                if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to add PCR policy to TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

                /* Get the policy hash of the PCR policy */
                _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPM2B_DIGEST *approved_policy = NULL;
                r = tpm2_get_policy_digest(c, session, &approved_policy);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                /* When we are unlocking and have a signature, let's pass it to the TPM */
                _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPMT_TK_VERIFIED *check_ticket_buffer = NULL;
                const TPMT_TK_VERIFIED *check_ticket;
                if (signature_json) {
                        _cleanup_free_ void *signature_raw = NULL;
                        size_t signature_size;

                        r = find_signature(
                                        signature_json,
                                        &pcr_selection,
                                        fp, fp_size,
                                        approved_policy->buffer,
                                        approved_policy->size,
                                        &signature_raw,
                                        &signature_size);
                        if (r < 0)
                                return r;

                        /* TPM2_VerifySignature() will only verify the RSA part of the RSA+SHA256 signature,
                         * hence we need to do the SHA256 part ourselves, first */
                        TPM2B_DIGEST signature_hash = {
                                .size = SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE,
                        };
                        assert(sizeof(signature_hash.buffer) >= SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE);
                        sha256_direct(approved_policy->buffer, approved_policy->size, signature_hash.buffer);

                        TPMT_SIGNATURE policy_signature = {
                                .sigAlg = TPM2_ALG_RSASSA,
                                .signature.rsassa = {
                                        .hash = TPM2_ALG_SHA256,
                                        .sig.size = signature_size,
                                },
                        };
                        if (signature_size > sizeof(policy_signature.signature.rsassa.sig.buffer))
                                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE), "Signature larger than buffer.");
                        memcpy(policy_signature.signature.rsassa.sig.buffer, signature_raw, signature_size);

                        rc = sym_Esys_VerifySignature(
                                        c->esys_context,
                                        pubkey_handle->esys_handle,
                                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                        &signature_hash,
                                        &policy_signature,
                                        &check_ticket_buffer);
                        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                                        "Failed to validate signature in TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

                        check_ticket = check_ticket_buffer;
                } else {
                        /* When enrolling, we pass a NULL ticket */
                        static const TPMT_TK_VERIFIED check_ticket_null = {
                                .tag = TPM2_ST_VERIFIED,
                                .hierarchy = TPM2_RH_OWNER,
                        };

                        check_ticket = &check_ticket_null;
                }

                rc = sym_Esys_PolicyAuthorize(
                                c->esys_context,
                                session->esys_handle,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                approved_policy,
                                /* policyRef= */ &(const TPM2B_NONCE) {},
                                pubkey_name,
                                check_ticket);
                if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to push Authorize policy into TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));
        }

        if (hash_pcr_mask != 0) {
                log_debug("Configuring hash-based PCR policy.");

                TPML_PCR_SELECTION pcr_selection;
                tpm2_tpml_pcr_selection_from_mask(hash_pcr_mask, (TPMI_ALG_HASH)pcr_bank, &pcr_selection);
                rc = sym_Esys_PolicyPCR(
                                c->esys_context,
                                session->esys_handle,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                NULL,
                                &pcr_selection);
                if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to add PCR policy to TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));
        }

        if (use_pin) {
                log_debug("Configuring PIN policy.");

                rc = sym_Esys_PolicyAuthValue(
                                c->esys_context,
                                session->esys_handle,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                ESYS_TR_NONE);
                if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to add authValue policy to TPM: %s",
                                               sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));
        }

        r = tpm2_get_policy_digest(c, session, ret_policy_digest);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return 0;
}

int tpm2_seal(const char *device,
              uint32_t hash_pcr_mask,
              const void *pubkey,
              const size_t pubkey_size,
              uint32_t pubkey_pcr_mask,
              const char *pin,
              void **ret_secret,
              size_t *ret_secret_size,
              void **ret_blob,
              size_t *ret_blob_size,
              void **ret_pcr_hash,
              size_t *ret_pcr_hash_size,
              uint16_t *ret_pcr_bank,
              uint16_t *ret_primary_alg,
              void **ret_srk_buf,
              size_t *ret_srk_buf_size) {

        _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPM2B_PRIVATE *private = NULL;
        _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPM2B_PUBLIC *public = NULL;
        _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) uint8_t *srk_buf = NULL;
        static const TPML_PCR_SELECTION creation_pcr = {};
        _cleanup_(erase_and_freep) void *secret = NULL;
        _cleanup_free_ void *hash = NULL;
        TPM2B_SENSITIVE_CREATE hmac_sensitive;
        TPMI_ALG_PUBLIC primary_alg;
        TPM2B_PUBLIC hmac_template;
        usec_t start;
        TSS2_RC rc;
        size_t srk_buf_size;
        int r;

        assert(pubkey || pubkey_size == 0);

        assert(ret_secret);
        assert(ret_secret_size);
        assert(ret_blob);
        assert(ret_blob_size);
        assert(ret_pcr_hash);
        assert(ret_pcr_hash_size);
        assert(ret_pcr_bank);

        assert(TPM2_PCR_MASK_VALID(hash_pcr_mask));
        assert(TPM2_PCR_MASK_VALID(pubkey_pcr_mask));

        /* So here's what we do here: we connect to the TPM2 chip. It persistently contains a "seed" key that
         * is randomized when the TPM2 is first initialized or reset and remains stable across boots. We
         * generate a "primary" key pair derived from that (ECC if possible, RSA as fallback). Given the seed
         * remains fixed this will result in the same key pair whenever we specify the exact same parameters
         * for it. We then create a PCR-bound policy session, which calculates a hash on the current PCR
         * values of the indexes we specify. We then generate a randomized key on the host (which is the key
         * we actually enroll in the LUKS2 keyslots), which we upload into the TPM2, where it is encrypted
         * with the "primary" key, taking the PCR policy session into account. We then download the encrypted
         * key from the TPM2 ("sealing") and marshall it into binary form, which is ultimately placed in the
         * LUKS2 JSON header.
         *
         * The TPM2 "seed" key and "primary" keys never leave the TPM2 chip (and cannot be extracted at
         * all). The random key we enroll in LUKS2 we generate on the host using the Linux random device. It
         * is stored in the LUKS2 JSON only in encrypted form with the "primary" key of the TPM2 chip, thus
         * binding the unlocking to the TPM2 chip. */

        start = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);

        CLEANUP_ERASE(hmac_sensitive);

        _cleanup_tpm2_context_ Tpm2Context *c = NULL;
        r = tpm2_context_new(device, &c);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        TPMI_ALG_HASH pcr_bank = 0;
        if (hash_pcr_mask | pubkey_pcr_mask) {
                /* Some TPM2 devices only can do SHA1. Prefer SHA256 but allow SHA1. */
                r = tpm2_get_best_pcr_bank(c, hash_pcr_mask|pubkey_pcr_mask, &pcr_bank);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        _cleanup_tpm2_handle_ Tpm2Handle *primary = NULL;
        r = tpm2_make_primary(c, /* alg = */0, !!ret_srk_buf, &primary_alg, &primary);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        /* we cannot use the bind key before its created */
        _cleanup_tpm2_handle_ Tpm2Handle *encryption_session = NULL;
        r = tpm2_make_encryption_session(c, primary, &TPM2_HANDLE_NONE, NULL, &encryption_session);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        /* So apparently some TPM implementations don't implement trial mode correctly. To avoid issues let's
         * avoid it when it is easy to. At the moment we only really need trial mode for the signed PCR
         * policies (since only then we need to shove PCR values into the policy that don't match current
         * state anyway), hence if we have none of those we don't need to bother. Hence, let's patch in
         * TPM2_SE_POLICY even if trial mode is requested unless a pubkey PCR mask is specified that is
         * non-zero, i.e. signed PCR policy is requested.
         *
         * One day we should switch to calculating policy hashes client side when trial mode is requested, to
         * avoid this mess. */
        bool trial = (pubkey_pcr_mask != 0);

        _cleanup_tpm2_handle_ Tpm2Handle *policy_session = NULL;
        r = tpm2_make_policy_session(
                        c,
                        primary,
                        encryption_session,
                        trial,
                        &policy_session);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPM2B_DIGEST *policy_digest = NULL;
        r = tpm2_build_sealing_policy(
                        c,
                        policy_session,
                        hash_pcr_mask,
                        pcr_bank,
                        pubkey, pubkey_size,
                        pubkey_pcr_mask,
                        /* signature_json= */ NULL,
                        !!pin,
                        &policy_digest);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        /* We use a keyed hash object (i.e. HMAC) to store the secret key we want to use for unlocking the
         * LUKS2 volume with. We don't ever use for HMAC/keyed hash operations however, we just use it
         * because it's a key type that is universally supported and suitable for symmetric binary blobs. */
        hmac_template = (TPM2B_PUBLIC) {
                .size = sizeof(TPMT_PUBLIC),
                .publicArea = {
                        .type = TPM2_ALG_KEYEDHASH,
                        .nameAlg = TPM2_ALG_SHA256,
                        .objectAttributes = TPMA_OBJECT_FIXEDTPM | TPMA_OBJECT_FIXEDPARENT,
                        .parameters.keyedHashDetail.scheme.scheme = TPM2_ALG_NULL,
                        .unique.keyedHash.size = SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE,
                        .authPolicy = *policy_digest,
                },
        };

        hmac_sensitive = (TPM2B_SENSITIVE_CREATE) {
                .size = sizeof(hmac_sensitive.sensitive),
                .sensitive.data.size = 32,
        };
        if (pin)
                hash_pin(pin, strlen(pin), &hmac_sensitive.sensitive.userAuth);

        assert(sizeof(hmac_sensitive.sensitive.data.buffer) >= hmac_sensitive.sensitive.data.size);

        (void) tpm2_credit_random(c);

        log_debug("Generating secret key data.");

        r = crypto_random_bytes(hmac_sensitive.sensitive.data.buffer, hmac_sensitive.sensitive.data.size);
        if (r < 0)
                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate secret key: %m");

        log_debug("Creating HMAC key.");

        rc = sym_Esys_Create(
                        c->esys_context,
                        primary->esys_handle,
                        encryption_session->esys_handle, /* use HMAC session to enable parameter encryption */
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        &hmac_sensitive,
                        &hmac_template,
                        NULL,
                        &creation_pcr,
                        &private,
                        &public,
                        NULL,
                        NULL,
                        NULL);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                       "Failed to generate HMAC key in TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        secret = memdup(hmac_sensitive.sensitive.data.buffer, hmac_sensitive.sensitive.data.size);
        if (!secret)
                return log_oom();

        log_debug("Marshalling private and public part of HMAC key.");

        _cleanup_free_ void *blob = NULL;
        size_t max_size = sizeof(*private) + sizeof(*public), blob_size = 0;

        blob = malloc0(max_size);
        if (!blob)
                return log_oom();

        rc = sym_Tss2_MU_TPM2B_PRIVATE_Marshal(private, blob, max_size, &blob_size);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                       "Failed to marshal private key: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        rc = sym_Tss2_MU_TPM2B_PUBLIC_Marshal(public, blob, max_size, &blob_size);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                       "Failed to marshal public key: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        hash = memdup(policy_digest->buffer, policy_digest->size);
        if (!hash)
                return log_oom();

        /* serialize the key for storage in the LUKS header. A deserialized ESYS_TR provides both
         * the raw TPM handle as well as the object name. The object name is used to verify that
         * the key we use later is the key we expect to establish the session with.
         */
        if (ret_srk_buf) {
                log_debug("Serializing SRK ESYS_TR reference");
                rc = sym_Esys_TR_Serialize(c->esys_context, primary->esys_handle, &srk_buf, &srk_buf_size);
                if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                            "Failed to serialize primary key: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));
        }

        if (DEBUG_LOGGING)
                log_debug("Completed TPM2 key sealing in %s.", FORMAT_TIMESPAN(now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) - start, 1));

        if (ret_srk_buf) {
                /*
                 * make a copy since we don't want the caller to understand that
                 * ESYS allocated the pointer. It would make tracking what deallocator
                 * to use for srk_buf in which context a PITA.
                 */
                void *tmp = memdup(srk_buf, srk_buf_size);
                if (!tmp)
                        return log_oom();

                *ret_srk_buf = TAKE_PTR(tmp);
                *ret_srk_buf_size = srk_buf_size;
        }

        *ret_secret = TAKE_PTR(secret);
        *ret_secret_size = hmac_sensitive.sensitive.data.size;
        *ret_blob = TAKE_PTR(blob);
        *ret_blob_size = blob_size;
        *ret_pcr_hash = TAKE_PTR(hash);
        *ret_pcr_hash_size = policy_digest->size;
        *ret_pcr_bank = pcr_bank;
        *ret_primary_alg = primary_alg;

        return 0;
}

#define RETRY_UNSEAL_MAX 30u

int tpm2_unseal(const char *device,
                uint32_t hash_pcr_mask,
                uint16_t pcr_bank,
                const void *pubkey,
                size_t pubkey_size,
                uint32_t pubkey_pcr_mask,
                JsonVariant *signature,
                const char *pin,
                uint16_t primary_alg,
                const void *blob,
                size_t blob_size,
                const void *known_policy_hash,
                size_t known_policy_hash_size,
                const void *srk_buf,
                size_t srk_buf_size,
                void **ret_secret,
                size_t *ret_secret_size) {

        _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPM2B_SENSITIVE_DATA* unsealed = NULL;
        _cleanup_(erase_and_freep) char *secret = NULL;
        TPM2B_PRIVATE private = {};
        TPM2B_PUBLIC public = {};
        size_t offset = 0;
        TSS2_RC rc;
        usec_t start;
        int r;

        assert(blob);
        assert(blob_size > 0);
        assert(known_policy_hash_size == 0 || known_policy_hash);
        assert(pubkey_size == 0 || pubkey);
        assert(ret_secret);
        assert(ret_secret_size);

        assert(TPM2_PCR_MASK_VALID(hash_pcr_mask));
        assert(TPM2_PCR_MASK_VALID(pubkey_pcr_mask));

        r = dlopen_tpm2();
        if (r < 0)
                return log_error_errno(r, "TPM2 support is not installed.");

        /* So here's what we do here: We connect to the TPM2 chip. As we do when sealing we generate a
         * "primary" key on the TPM2 chip, with the same parameters as well as a PCR-bound policy session.
         * Given we pass the same parameters, this will result in the same "primary" key, and same policy
         * hash (the latter of course, only if the PCR values didn't change in between). We unmarshal the
         * encrypted key we stored in the LUKS2 JSON token header and upload it into the TPM2, where it is
         * decrypted if the seed and the PCR policy were right ("unsealing"). We then download the result,
         * and use it to unlock the LUKS2 volume. */

        start = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);

        log_debug("Unmarshalling private part of HMAC key.");

        rc = sym_Tss2_MU_TPM2B_PRIVATE_Unmarshal(blob, blob_size, &offset, &private);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                       "Failed to unmarshal private key: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        log_debug("Unmarshalling public part of HMAC key.");

        rc = sym_Tss2_MU_TPM2B_PUBLIC_Unmarshal(blob, blob_size, &offset, &public);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                       "Failed to unmarshal public key: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        _cleanup_tpm2_context_ Tpm2Context *c = NULL;
        r = tpm2_context_new(device, &c);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        /* If their is a primary key we trust, like an SRK, use it */
        _cleanup_tpm2_handle_ Tpm2Handle *primary = NULL;
        if (srk_buf) {

                r = tpm2_handle_new(c, &primary);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                primary->keep = true;

                log_debug("Found existing SRK key to use, deserializing ESYS_TR");
                rc = sym_Esys_TR_Deserialize(
                                c->esys_context,
                                srk_buf,
                                srk_buf_size,
                                &primary->esys_handle);
                if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to deserialize primary key: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));
        /* old callers without an SRK still need to create a key */
        } else {
                r = tpm2_make_primary(c, primary_alg, false, NULL, &primary);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        log_debug("Loading HMAC key into TPM.");

        /*
         * Nothing sensitive on the bus, no need for encryption. Even if an attacker
         * gives you back a different key, the session initiation will fail. In the
         * SRK model, the tpmKey is verified. In the non-srk model, with pin, the bindKey
         * provides protections.
         */
        _cleanup_tpm2_handle_ Tpm2Handle *hmac_key = NULL;
        r = tpm2_handle_new(c, &hmac_key);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        rc = sym_Esys_Load(
                        c->esys_context,
                        primary->esys_handle,
                        ESYS_TR_PASSWORD,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        &private,
                        &public,
                        &hmac_key->esys_handle);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS) {
                /* If we're in dictionary attack lockout mode, we should see a lockout error here, which we
                 * need to translate for the caller. */
                if (rc == TPM2_RC_LOCKOUT)
                        return log_error_errno(
                                        SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOLCK),
                                        "TPM2 device is in dictionary attack lockout mode.");
                else
                        return log_error_errno(
                                        SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                        "Failed to load HMAC key in TPM: %s",
                                        sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));
        }

        _cleanup_tpm2_handle_ Tpm2Handle *encryption_session = NULL;
        r = tpm2_make_encryption_session(c, primary, hmac_key, pin, &encryption_session);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        for (unsigned i = RETRY_UNSEAL_MAX;; i--) {
                _cleanup_tpm2_handle_ Tpm2Handle *policy_session = NULL;
                _cleanup_(Esys_Freep) TPM2B_DIGEST *policy_digest = NULL;
                r = tpm2_make_policy_session(
                                c,
                                primary,
                                encryption_session,
                                /* trial= */ false,
                                &policy_session);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                r = tpm2_build_sealing_policy(
                                c,
                                policy_session,
                                hash_pcr_mask,
                                pcr_bank,
                                pubkey, pubkey_size,
                                pubkey_pcr_mask,
                                signature,
                                !!pin,
                                &policy_digest);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                /* If we know the policy hash to expect, and it doesn't match, we can shortcut things here, and not
                 * wait until the TPM2 tells us to go away. */
                if (known_policy_hash_size > 0 &&
                        memcmp_nn(policy_digest->buffer, policy_digest->size, known_policy_hash, known_policy_hash_size) != 0)
                                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EPERM),
                                                       "Current policy digest does not match stored policy digest, cancelling "
                                                       "TPM2 authentication attempt.");

                log_debug("Unsealing HMAC key.");

                rc = sym_Esys_Unseal(
                                c->esys_context,
                                hmac_key->esys_handle,
                                policy_session->esys_handle,
                                encryption_session->esys_handle, /* use HMAC session to enable parameter encryption */
                                ESYS_TR_NONE,
                                &unsealed);
                if (rc == TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                        break;
                if (rc != TPM2_RC_PCR_CHANGED || i == 0)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                               "Failed to unseal HMAC key in TPM: %s", sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));
                log_debug("A PCR value changed during the TPM2 policy session, restarting HMAC key unsealing (%u tries left).", i);
        }

        secret = memdup(unsealed->buffer, unsealed->size);
        explicit_bzero_safe(unsealed->buffer, unsealed->size);
        if (!secret)
                return log_oom();

        if (DEBUG_LOGGING)
                log_debug("Completed TPM2 key unsealing in %s.", FORMAT_TIMESPAN(now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) - start, 1));

        *ret_secret = TAKE_PTR(secret);
        *ret_secret_size = unsealed->size;

        return 0;
}

#endif

int tpm2_list_devices(void) {
#if HAVE_TPM2
        _cleanup_(table_unrefp) Table *t = NULL;
        _cleanup_(closedirp) DIR *d = NULL;
        int r;

        r = dlopen_tpm2();
        if (r < 0)
                return log_error_errno(r, "TPM2 support is not installed.");

        t = table_new("path", "device", "driver");
        if (!t)
                return log_oom();

        d = opendir("/sys/class/tpmrm");
        if (!d) {
                log_full_errno(errno == ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_ERR, errno, "Failed to open /sys/class/tpmrm: %m");
                if (errno != ENOENT)
                        return -errno;
        } else {
                for (;;) {
                        _cleanup_free_ char *device_path = NULL, *device = NULL, *driver_path = NULL, *driver = NULL, *node = NULL;
                        struct dirent *de;

                        de = readdir_no_dot(d);
                        if (!de)
                                break;

                        device_path = path_join("/sys/class/tpmrm", de->d_name, "device");
                        if (!device_path)
                                return log_oom();

                        r = readlink_malloc(device_path, &device);
                        if (r < 0)
                                log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to read device symlink %s, ignoring: %m", device_path);
                        else {
                                driver_path = path_join(device_path, "driver");
                                if (!driver_path)
                                        return log_oom();

                                r = readlink_malloc(driver_path, &driver);
                                if (r < 0)
                                        log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to read driver symlink %s, ignoring: %m", driver_path);
                        }

                        node = path_join("/dev", de->d_name);
                        if (!node)
                                return log_oom();

                        r = table_add_many(
                                        t,
                                        TABLE_PATH, node,
                                        TABLE_STRING, device ? last_path_component(device) : NULL,
                                        TABLE_STRING, driver ? last_path_component(driver) : NULL);
                        if (r < 0)
                                return table_log_add_error(r);
                }
        }

        if (table_get_rows(t) <= 1) {
                log_info("No suitable TPM2 devices found.");
                return 0;
        }

        r = table_print(t, stdout);
        if (r < 0)
                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to show device table: %m");

        return 0;
#else
        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
                               "TPM2 not supported on this build.");
#endif
}

int tpm2_find_device_auto(
                int log_level, /* log level when no device is found */
                char **ret) {
#if HAVE_TPM2
        _cleanup_(closedirp) DIR *d = NULL;
        int r;

        r = dlopen_tpm2();
        if (r < 0)
                return log_error_errno(r, "TPM2 support is not installed.");

        d = opendir("/sys/class/tpmrm");
        if (!d) {
                log_full_errno(errno == ENOENT ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_ERR, errno,
                               "Failed to open /sys/class/tpmrm: %m");
                if (errno != ENOENT)
                        return -errno;
        } else {
                _cleanup_free_ char *node = NULL;

                for (;;) {
                        struct dirent *de;

                        de = readdir_no_dot(d);
                        if (!de)
                                break;

                        if (node)
                                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTUNIQ),
                                                       "More than one TPM2 (tpmrm) device found.");

                        node = path_join("/dev", de->d_name);
                        if (!node)
                                return log_oom();
                }

                if (node) {
                        *ret = TAKE_PTR(node);
                        return 0;
                }
        }

        return log_full_errno(log_level, SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENODEV), "No TPM2 (tpmrm) device found.");
#else
        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP),
                               "TPM2 not supported on this build.");
#endif
}

#if HAVE_TPM2
int tpm2_extend_bytes(
                Tpm2Context *c,
                char **banks,
                unsigned pcr_index,
                const void *data,
                size_t data_size,
                const void *secret,
                size_t secret_size) {

#if HAVE_OPENSSL
        TPML_DIGEST_VALUES values = {};
        TSS2_RC rc;

        assert(c);
        assert(data || data_size == 0);
        assert(secret || secret_size == 0);

        if (data_size == SIZE_MAX)
                data_size = strlen(data);
        if (secret_size == SIZE_MAX)
                secret_size = strlen(secret);

        if (pcr_index >= TPM2_PCRS_MAX)
                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "Can't measure into unsupported PCR %u, refusing.", pcr_index);

        if (strv_isempty(banks))
                return 0;

        STRV_FOREACH(bank, banks) {
                const EVP_MD *implementation;
                int id;

                assert_se(implementation = EVP_get_digestbyname(*bank));

                if (values.count >= ELEMENTSOF(values.digests))
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(E2BIG), "Too many banks selected.");

                if ((size_t) EVP_MD_size(implementation) > sizeof(values.digests[values.count].digest))
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(E2BIG), "Hash result too large for TPM2.");

                id = tpm2_hash_alg_from_string(EVP_MD_name(implementation));
                if (id < 0)
                        return log_error_errno(id, "Can't map hash name to TPM2.");

                values.digests[values.count].hashAlg = id;

                /* So here's a twist: sometimes we want to measure secrets (e.g. root file system volume
                 * key), but we'd rather not leak a literal hash of the secret to the TPM (given that the
                 * wire is unprotected, and some other subsystem might use the simple, literal hash of the
                 * secret for other purposes, maybe because it needs a shorter secret derived from it for
                 * some unrelated purpose, who knows). Hence we instead measure an HMAC signature of a
                 * private non-secret string instead. */
                if (secret_size > 0) {
                        if (!HMAC(implementation, secret, secret_size, data, data_size, (unsigned char*) &values.digests[values.count].digest, NULL))
                                return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE), "Failed to calculate HMAC of data to measure.");
                } else if (EVP_Digest(data, data_size, (unsigned char*) &values.digests[values.count].digest, NULL, implementation, NULL) != 1)
                        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE), "Failed to hash data to measure.");

                values.count++;
        }

        rc = sym_Esys_PCR_Extend(
                        c->esys_context,
                        ESYS_TR_PCR0 + pcr_index,
                        ESYS_TR_PASSWORD,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        ESYS_TR_NONE,
                        &values);
        if (rc != TSS2_RC_SUCCESS)
                return log_error_errno(
                                SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(ENOTRECOVERABLE),
                                "Failed to measure into PCR %u: %s",
                                pcr_index,
                                sym_Tss2_RC_Decode(rc));

        return 0;
#else /* HAVE_OPENSSL */
        return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EOPNOTSUPP), "OpenSSL support is disabled.");
#endif
}
#endif

char *tpm2_pcr_mask_to_string(uint32_t mask) {
        _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;

        FOREACH_PCR_IN_MASK(n, mask)
                if (strextendf_with_separator(&s, "+", "%d", n) < 0)
                        return NULL;

        if (!s)
                return strdup("");

        return TAKE_PTR(s);
}

int tpm2_pcr_mask_from_string(const char *arg, uint32_t *ret_mask) {
        uint32_t mask = 0;
        int r;

        assert(arg);
        assert(ret_mask);

        if (isempty(arg)) {
                *ret_mask = 0;
                return 0;
        }

        /* Parses a "," or "+" separated list of PCR indexes. We support "," since this is a list after all,
         * and most other tools expect comma separated PCR specifications. We also support "+" since in
         * /etc/crypttab the "," is already used to separate options, hence a different separator is nice to
         * avoid escaping. */

        const char *p = arg;
        for (;;) {
                _cleanup_free_ char *pcr = NULL;
                unsigned n;

                r = extract_first_word(&p, &pcr, ",+", EXTRACT_DONT_COALESCE_SEPARATORS);
                if (r == 0)
                        break;
                if (r < 0)
                        return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse PCR list: %s", arg);

                r = pcr_index_from_string(pcr);
                if (r < 0)
                        return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to parse specified PCR or specified PCR is out of range: %s", pcr);
                n = r;
                SET_BIT(mask, n);;
        }

        *ret_mask = mask;
        return 0;
}

int tpm2_make_pcr_json_array(uint32_t pcr_mask, JsonVariant **ret) {
        _cleanup_(json_variant_unrefp) JsonVariant *a = NULL;
        JsonVariant* pcr_array[TPM2_PCRS_MAX];
        unsigned n_pcrs = 0;
        int r;

        for (size_t i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(pcr_array); i++) {
                if ((pcr_mask & (UINT32_C(1) << i)) == 0)
                        continue;

                r = json_variant_new_integer(pcr_array + n_pcrs, i);
                if (r < 0)
                        goto finish;

                n_pcrs++;
        }

        r = json_variant_new_array(&a, pcr_array, n_pcrs);
        if (r < 0)
                goto finish;

        if (ret)
                *ret = TAKE_PTR(a);
        r = 0;

finish:
        json_variant_unref_many(pcr_array, n_pcrs);
        return r;
}

int tpm2_parse_pcr_json_array(JsonVariant *v, uint32_t *ret) {
        JsonVariant *e;
        uint32_t mask = 0;

        if (!json_variant_is_array(v))
                return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "TPM2 PCR array is not a JSON array.");

        JSON_VARIANT_ARRAY_FOREACH(e, v) {
                uint64_t u;

                if (!json_variant_is_unsigned(e))
                        return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "TPM2 PCR is not an unsigned integer.");

                u = json_variant_unsigned(e);
                if (u >= TPM2_PCRS_MAX)
                        return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "TPM2 PCR number out of range: %" PRIu64, u);

                mask |= UINT32_C(1) << u;
        }

        if (ret)
                *ret = mask;

        return 0;
}

int tpm2_make_luks2_json(
                int keyslot,
                uint32_t hash_pcr_mask,
                uint16_t pcr_bank,
                const void *pubkey,
                size_t pubkey_size,
                uint32_t pubkey_pcr_mask,
                uint16_t primary_alg,
                const void *blob,
                size_t blob_size,
                const void *policy_hash,
                size_t policy_hash_size,
                const void *salt,
                size_t salt_size,
                const void *srk_buf,
                size_t srk_buf_size,
                TPM2Flags flags,
                JsonVariant **ret) {

        _cleanup_(json_variant_unrefp) JsonVariant *v = NULL, *hmj = NULL, *pkmj = NULL;
        _cleanup_free_ char *keyslot_as_string = NULL;
        int r;

        assert(blob || blob_size == 0);
        assert(policy_hash || policy_hash_size == 0);
        assert(pubkey || pubkey_size == 0);

        if (asprintf(&keyslot_as_string, "%i", keyslot) < 0)
                return -ENOMEM;

        r = tpm2_make_pcr_json_array(hash_pcr_mask, &hmj);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        if (pubkey_pcr_mask != 0) {
                r = tpm2_make_pcr_json_array(pubkey_pcr_mask, &pkmj);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        /* Note: We made the mistake of using "-" in the field names, which isn't particular compatible with
         * other programming languages. Let's not make things worse though, i.e. future additions to the JSON
         * object should use "_" rather than "-" in field names. */

        r = json_build(&v,
                       JSON_BUILD_OBJECT(
                                       JSON_BUILD_PAIR("type", JSON_BUILD_CONST_STRING("systemd-tpm2")),
                                       JSON_BUILD_PAIR("keyslots", JSON_BUILD_ARRAY(JSON_BUILD_STRING(keyslot_as_string))),
                                       JSON_BUILD_PAIR("tpm2-blob", JSON_BUILD_BASE64(blob, blob_size)),
                                       JSON_BUILD_PAIR("tpm2-pcrs", JSON_BUILD_VARIANT(hmj)),
                                       JSON_BUILD_PAIR_CONDITION(!!tpm2_hash_alg_to_string(pcr_bank), "tpm2-pcr-bank", JSON_BUILD_STRING(tpm2_hash_alg_to_string(pcr_bank))),
                                       JSON_BUILD_PAIR_CONDITION(!!tpm2_asym_alg_to_string(primary_alg), "tpm2-primary-alg", JSON_BUILD_STRING(tpm2_asym_alg_to_string(primary_alg))),
                                       JSON_BUILD_PAIR("tpm2-policy-hash", JSON_BUILD_HEX(policy_hash, policy_hash_size)),
                                       JSON_BUILD_PAIR("tpm2-pin", JSON_BUILD_BOOLEAN(flags & TPM2_FLAGS_USE_PIN)),
                                       JSON_BUILD_PAIR_CONDITION(pubkey_pcr_mask != 0, "tpm2_pubkey_pcrs", JSON_BUILD_VARIANT(pkmj)),
                                       JSON_BUILD_PAIR_CONDITION(pubkey_pcr_mask != 0, "tpm2_pubkey", JSON_BUILD_BASE64(pubkey, pubkey_size)),
                                       JSON_BUILD_PAIR_CONDITION(salt, "tpm2_salt", JSON_BUILD_BASE64(salt, salt_size)),
                                       JSON_BUILD_PAIR_CONDITION(srk_buf, "tpm2_srk", JSON_BUILD_BASE64(srk_buf, srk_buf_size))));
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        if (ret)
                *ret = TAKE_PTR(v);

        return keyslot;
}

int tpm2_parse_luks2_json(
                JsonVariant *v,
                int *ret_keyslot,
                uint32_t *ret_hash_pcr_mask,
                uint16_t *ret_pcr_bank,
                void **ret_pubkey,
                size_t *ret_pubkey_size,
                uint32_t *ret_pubkey_pcr_mask,
                uint16_t *ret_primary_alg,
                void **ret_blob,
                size_t *ret_blob_size,
                void **ret_policy_hash,
                size_t *ret_policy_hash_size,
                void **ret_salt,
                size_t *ret_salt_size,
                void **ret_srk_buf,
                size_t *ret_srk_buf_size,
                TPM2Flags *ret_flags) {

        _cleanup_free_ void *blob = NULL, *policy_hash = NULL, *pubkey = NULL, *salt = NULL, *srk_buf = NULL;
        size_t blob_size = 0, policy_hash_size = 0, pubkey_size = 0, salt_size = 0, srk_buf_size = 0;
        uint32_t hash_pcr_mask = 0, pubkey_pcr_mask = 0;
        uint16_t primary_alg = TPM2_ALG_ECC; /* ECC was the only supported algorithm in systemd < 250, use that as implied default, for compatibility */
        uint16_t pcr_bank = UINT16_MAX; /* default: pick automatically */
        int r, keyslot = -1;
        TPM2Flags flags = 0;
        JsonVariant *w;

        assert(v);

        if (ret_keyslot) {
                keyslot = cryptsetup_get_keyslot_from_token(v);
                if (keyslot < 0) {
                        /* Return a recognizable error when parsing this field, so that callers can handle parsing
                         * errors of the keyslots field gracefully, since it's not 'owned' by us, but by the LUKS2
                         * spec */
                        log_debug_errno(keyslot, "Failed to extract keyslot index from TPM2 JSON data token, skipping: %m");
                        return -EUCLEAN;
                }
        }

        w = json_variant_by_key(v, "tpm2-pcrs");
        if (!w)
                return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "TPM2 token data lacks 'tpm2-pcrs' field.");

        r = tpm2_parse_pcr_json_array(w, &hash_pcr_mask);
        if (r < 0)
                return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to parse TPM2 PCR mask: %m");

        /* The bank field is optional, since it was added in systemd 250 only. Before the bank was hardcoded
         * to SHA256. */
        w = json_variant_by_key(v, "tpm2-pcr-bank");
        if (w) {
                /* The PCR bank field is optional */

                if (!json_variant_is_string(w))
                        return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "TPM2 PCR bank is not a string.");

                r = tpm2_hash_alg_from_string(json_variant_string(w));
                if (r < 0)
                        return log_debug_errno(r, "TPM2 PCR bank invalid or not supported: %s", json_variant_string(w));

                pcr_bank = r;
        }

        /* The primary key algorithm field is optional, since it was also added in systemd 250 only. Before
         * the algorithm was hardcoded to ECC. */
        w = json_variant_by_key(v, "tpm2-primary-alg");
        if (w) {
                /* The primary key algorithm is optional */

                if (!json_variant_is_string(w))
                        return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "TPM2 primary key algorithm is not a string.");

                r = tpm2_asym_alg_from_string(json_variant_string(w));
                if (r < 0)
                        return log_debug_errno(r, "TPM2 asymmetric algorithm invalid or not supported: %s", json_variant_string(w));

                primary_alg = r;
        }

        w = json_variant_by_key(v, "tpm2-blob");
        if (!w)
                return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "TPM2 token data lacks 'tpm2-blob' field.");

        r = json_variant_unbase64(w, &blob, &blob_size);
        if (r < 0)
                return log_debug_errno(r, "Invalid base64 data in 'tpm2-blob' field.");

        w = json_variant_by_key(v, "tpm2-policy-hash");
        if (!w)
                return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "TPM2 token data lacks 'tpm2-policy-hash' field.");

        r = json_variant_unhex(w, &policy_hash, &policy_hash_size);
        if (r < 0)
                return log_debug_errno(r, "Invalid base64 data in 'tpm2-policy-hash' field.");

        w = json_variant_by_key(v, "tpm2-pin");
        if (w) {
                if (!json_variant_is_boolean(w))
                        return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "TPM2 PIN policy is not a boolean.");

                SET_FLAG(flags, TPM2_FLAGS_USE_PIN, json_variant_boolean(w));
        }

        w = json_variant_by_key(v, "tpm2_salt");
        if (w) {
                r = json_variant_unbase64(w, &salt, &salt_size);
                if (r < 0)
                        return log_debug_errno(r, "Invalid base64 data in 'tpm2_salt' field.");
        }

        w = json_variant_by_key(v, "tpm2_pubkey_pcrs");
        if (w) {
                r = tpm2_parse_pcr_json_array(w, &pubkey_pcr_mask);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;
        }

        w = json_variant_by_key(v, "tpm2_pubkey");
        if (w) {
                r = json_variant_unbase64(w, &pubkey, &pubkey_size);
                if (r < 0)
                        return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to decode PCR public key.");
        } else if (pubkey_pcr_mask != 0)
                return log_debug_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EINVAL), "Public key PCR mask set, but not public key included in JSON data, refusing.");

        w = json_variant_by_key(v, "tpm2_srk");
        if (w) {
                r = json_variant_unbase64(w, &srk_buf, &srk_buf_size);
                if (r < 0)
                        return log_debug_errno(r, "Invalid base64 data in 'tpm2_srk' field.");
        }

        if (ret_keyslot)
                *ret_keyslot = keyslot;
        if (ret_hash_pcr_mask)
                *ret_hash_pcr_mask = hash_pcr_mask;
        if (ret_pcr_bank)
                *ret_pcr_bank = pcr_bank;
        if (ret_pubkey)
                *ret_pubkey = TAKE_PTR(pubkey);
        if (ret_pubkey_size)
                *ret_pubkey_size = pubkey_size;
        if (ret_pubkey_pcr_mask)
                *ret_pubkey_pcr_mask = pubkey_pcr_mask;
        if (ret_primary_alg)
                *ret_primary_alg = primary_alg;
        if (ret_blob)
                *ret_blob = TAKE_PTR(blob);
        if (ret_blob_size)
                *ret_blob_size = blob_size;
        if (ret_policy_hash)
                *ret_policy_hash = TAKE_PTR(policy_hash);
        if (ret_policy_hash_size)
                *ret_policy_hash_size = policy_hash_size;
        if (ret_salt)
                *ret_salt = TAKE_PTR(salt);
        if (ret_salt_size)
                *ret_salt_size = salt_size;
        if (ret_flags)
                *ret_flags = flags;
        if (ret_srk_buf)
                *ret_srk_buf = TAKE_PTR(srk_buf);
        if (ret_srk_buf_size)
                *ret_srk_buf_size = srk_buf_size;

        return 0;
}

const char *tpm2_hash_alg_to_string(uint16_t alg) {
        if (alg == TPM2_ALG_SHA1)
                return "sha1";
        if (alg == TPM2_ALG_SHA256)
                return "sha256";
        if (alg == TPM2_ALG_SHA384)
                return "sha384";
        if (alg == TPM2_ALG_SHA512)
                return "sha512";
        return NULL;
}

int tpm2_hash_alg_from_string(const char *alg) {
        if (strcaseeq_ptr(alg, "sha1"))
                return TPM2_ALG_SHA1;
        if (strcaseeq_ptr(alg, "sha256"))
                return TPM2_ALG_SHA256;
        if (strcaseeq_ptr(alg, "sha384"))
                return TPM2_ALG_SHA384;
        if (strcaseeq_ptr(alg, "sha512"))
                return TPM2_ALG_SHA512;
        return -EINVAL;
}

const char *tpm2_asym_alg_to_string(uint16_t alg) {
        if (alg == TPM2_ALG_ECC)
                return "ecc";
        if (alg == TPM2_ALG_RSA)
                return "rsa";
        return NULL;
}

int tpm2_asym_alg_from_string(const char *alg) {
        if (strcaseeq_ptr(alg, "ecc"))
                return TPM2_ALG_ECC;
        if (strcaseeq_ptr(alg, "rsa"))
                return TPM2_ALG_RSA;
        return -EINVAL;
}

Tpm2Support tpm2_support(void) {
        Tpm2Support support = TPM2_SUPPORT_NONE;
        int r;

        if (detect_container() <= 0) {
                /* Check if there's a /dev/tpmrm* device via sysfs. If we run in a container we likely just
                 * got the host sysfs mounted. Since devices are generally not virtualized for containers,
                 * let's assume containers never have a TPM, at least for now. */

                r = dir_is_empty("/sys/class/tpmrm", /* ignore_hidden_or_backup= */ false);
                if (r < 0) {
                        if (r != -ENOENT)
                                log_debug_errno(r, "Unable to test whether /sys/class/tpmrm/ exists and is populated, assuming it is not: %m");
                } else if (r == 0) /* populated! */
                        support |= TPM2_SUPPORT_SUBSYSTEM|TPM2_SUPPORT_DRIVER;
                else
                        /* If the directory exists but is empty, we know the subsystem is enabled but no
                         * driver has been loaded yet. */
                        support |= TPM2_SUPPORT_SUBSYSTEM;
        }

        if (efi_has_tpm2())
                support |= TPM2_SUPPORT_FIRMWARE;

#if HAVE_TPM2
        support |= TPM2_SUPPORT_SYSTEM;
#endif

        return support;
}

int tpm2_parse_pcr_argument(const char *arg, uint32_t *mask) {
        uint32_t m;
        int r;

        assert(mask);

        /* For use in getopt_long() command line parsers: merges masks specified on the command line */

        if (isempty(arg)) {
                *mask = 0;
                return 0;
        }

        r = tpm2_pcr_mask_from_string(arg, &m);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        if (*mask == UINT32_MAX)
                *mask = m;
        else
                *mask |= m;

        return 0;
}

int tpm2_load_pcr_signature(const char *path, JsonVariant **ret) {
        _cleanup_free_ char *discovered_path = NULL;
        _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
        int r;

        /* Tries to load a JSON PCR signature file. Takes an absolute path, a simple file name or NULL. In
         * the latter two cases searches in /etc/, /usr/lib/, /run/, as usual. */

        if (!path)
                path = "tpm2-pcr-signature.json";

        r = search_and_fopen(path, "re", NULL, (const char**) CONF_PATHS_STRV("systemd"), &f, &discovered_path);
        if (r < 0)
                return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to find TPM PCR signature file '%s': %m", path);

        r = json_parse_file(f, discovered_path, 0, ret, NULL, NULL);
        if (r < 0)
                return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to parse TPM PCR signature JSON object '%s': %m", discovered_path);

        return 0;
}

int tpm2_load_pcr_public_key(const char *path, void **ret_pubkey, size_t *ret_pubkey_size) {
        _cleanup_free_ char *discovered_path = NULL;
        _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
        int r;

        /* Tries to load a PCR public key file. Takes an absolute path, a simple file name or NULL. In the
         * latter two cases searches in /etc/, /usr/lib/, /run/, as usual. */

        if (!path)
                path = "tpm2-pcr-public-key.pem";

        r = search_and_fopen(path, "re", NULL, (const char**) CONF_PATHS_STRV("systemd"), &f, &discovered_path);
        if (r < 0)
                return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to find TPM PCR public key file '%s': %m", path);

        r = read_full_stream(f, (char**) ret_pubkey, ret_pubkey_size);
        if (r < 0)
                return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to load TPM PCR public key PEM file '%s': %m", discovered_path);

        return 0;
}

#define PBKDF2_HMAC_SHA256_ITERATIONS 10000

/*
 * Implements PBKDF2 HMAC SHA256 for a derived keylen of 32
 * bytes and for PBKDF2_HMAC_SHA256_ITERATIONS count.
 * I found the wikipedia entry relevant and it contains links to
 * relevant RFCs:
 *   - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PBKDF2
 *   - https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2898#section-5.2
 */
int tpm2_util_pbkdf2_hmac_sha256(const void *pass,
                    size_t passlen,
                    const void *salt,
                    size_t saltlen,
                    uint8_t ret_key[static SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE]) {

        uint8_t _cleanup_(erase_and_freep) *buffer = NULL;
        uint8_t u[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE];

        /* To keep this simple, since derived KeyLen (dkLen in docs)
         * Is the same as the hash output, we don't need multiple
         * blocks. Part of the algorithm is to add the block count
         * in, but this can be hardcoded to 1.
         */
        static const uint8_t block_cnt[] = { 0, 0, 0, 1 };

        assert (salt);
        assert (saltlen > 0);
        assert (saltlen <= (SIZE_MAX - sizeof(block_cnt)));
        assert (passlen > 0);

        /*
         * Build a buffer of salt + block_cnt and hmac_sha256 it we
         * do this as we don't have a context builder for HMAC_SHA256.
         */
        buffer = malloc(saltlen + sizeof(block_cnt));
        if (!buffer)
                return -ENOMEM;

        memcpy(buffer, salt, saltlen);
        memcpy(&buffer[saltlen], block_cnt, sizeof(block_cnt));

        hmac_sha256(pass, passlen, buffer, saltlen + sizeof(block_cnt), u);

        /* dk needs to be an unmodified u as u gets modified in the loop */
        memcpy(ret_key, u, SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE);
        uint8_t *dk = ret_key;

        for (size_t i = 1; i < PBKDF2_HMAC_SHA256_ITERATIONS; i++) {
                hmac_sha256(pass, passlen, u, sizeof(u), u);

                for (size_t j=0; j < sizeof(u); j++)
                        dk[j] ^= u[j];
        }

        return 0;
}

static const char* const pcr_index_table[_PCR_INDEX_MAX_DEFINED] = {
        [PCR_PLATFORM_CODE]       = "platform-code",
        [PCR_PLATFORM_CONFIG]     = "platform-config",
        [PCR_EXTERNAL_CODE]       = "external-code",
        [PCR_EXTERNAL_CONFIG]     = "external-config",
        [PCR_BOOT_LOADER_CODE]    = "boot-loader-code",
        [PCR_BOOT_LOADER_CONFIG]  = "boot-loader-config",
        [PCR_SECURE_BOOT_POLICY]  = "secure-boot-policy",
        [PCR_KERNEL_INITRD]       = "kernel-initrd",
        [PCR_IMA]                 = "ima",
        [PCR_KERNEL_BOOT]         = "kernel-boot",
        [PCR_KERNEL_CONFIG]       = "kernel-config",
        [PCR_SYSEXTS]             = "sysexts",
        [PCR_SHIM_POLICY]         = "shim-policy",
        [PCR_SYSTEM_IDENTITY]     = "system-identity",
        [PCR_DEBUG]               = "debug",
        [PCR_APPLICATION_SUPPORT] = "application-support",
};

DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_FROM_STRING_WITH_FALLBACK(pcr_index, int, TPM2_PCRS_MAX - 1);