First commit for the experimental version 0.9.0, with better help system

author: Michele Simionato <michele.simionato@gmail.com> 2011-06-05 05:55:20 +0200
committer: Michele Simionato <michele.simionato@gmail.com> 2011-06-05 05:55:20 +0200
commit: b63047e427c587d7195bfedd83a3db7f90e86c77 (patch)
tree: 8f8bed966c7993d078106af9e8170671612afb0b
parent: 21a24c746c4bd1f1cddf1de5f3317cf459b75fdb (diff)
download: micheles-b63047e427c587d7195bfedd83a3db7f90e86c77.tar.gz
11 files changed, 2359 insertions, 2172 deletions
diff --git a/plac/CHANGES.txt b/plac/CHANGES.txt
index 275a7cf..f5560e6 100644
--- a/plac/CHANGES.txt
+++ b/plac/CHANGES.txt
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 HISTORY
 ----------
 
-0.8.2 Default values are now displayed in the help message if no
-      help is specified (2011-05-29)
+0.9.0 Default values are now displayed in the help message by default;
+      removed .help and introduced help as an alias for --help;
+      added a reference to Argh (2011-06-05)
 0.8.1 Removed a stray newline in the output of plac, as signaled
       by Daniele Pighin; fixed a bug in the doctest method raising
       non-existing exceptions; turned the notification messages into
diff --git a/plac/doc/ishelve2.py b/plac/doc/ishelve2.py
index b055b98..dbc5d68 100644
--- a/plac/doc/ishelve2.py
+++ b/plac/doc/ishelve2.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ class ShelveInterface(object):
     def __init__(self, configfile):
         self.configfile = configfile or '~/conf.shelve'
         self.fname = os.path.expanduser(self.configfile)
-        self.__doc__ += '\nOperating on %s.\n.help to see '\
+        self.__doc__ += '\nOperating on %s.\nUse help to see '\
             'the available commands.\n'  % self.fname
     def __enter__(self):
         self.sh = shelve.open(self.fname)
@@ -40,4 +40,4 @@ class ShelveInterface(object):
 main = ShelveInterface # useful for the tests
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
-    plac.Interpreter.call(ShelveInterface)
-\ No newline at end of file
+    plac.Interpreter.call(ShelveInterface)
diff --git a/plac/doc/plac.html b/plac/doc/plac.html
index b470ffe..a0c738c 100644
--- a/plac/doc/plac.html
+++ b/plac/doc/plac.html
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
 <head>
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
-<meta name="generator" content="Docutils 0.7: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/" />
+<meta name="generator" content="Docutils 0.6: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/" />
 <title></title>
 <style type="text/css">
 
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ h1 tt, h2 tt, h3 tt, h4 tt, h5 tt, h6 tt {
 
 
 <div class="section" id="plac-parsing-the-command-line-the-easy-way">
-<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id17">Plac: Parsing the Command Line the Easy Way</a></h1>
+<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id15">Plac: Parsing the Command Line the Easy Way</a></h1>
 <table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
 <col class="field-name" />
 <col class="field-body" />
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ h1 tt, h2 tt, h3 tt, h4 tt, h5 tt, h6 tt {
 </tr>
 <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">E-mail:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference external" href="mailto:michele.simionato&#64;gmail.com">michele.simionato&#64;gmail.com</a></td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Date:</th><td class="field-body">August 2010</td>
+<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Date:</th><td class="field-body">June 2011</td>
 </tr>
 <tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Download page:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac</a></td>
 </tr>
@@ -441,50 +441,50 @@ h1 tt, h2 tt, h3 tt, h4 tt, h5 tt, h6 tt {
 <div class="contents topic" id="contents">
 <p class="topic-title first">Contents</p>
 <ul class="simple">
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#plac-parsing-the-command-line-the-easy-way" id="id17">Plac: Parsing the Command Line the Easy Way</a><ul>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-importance-of-scaling-down" id="id18">The importance of scaling down</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#scripts-with-required-arguments" id="id19">Scripts with required arguments</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#scripts-with-default-arguments" id="id20">Scripts with default arguments</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#scripts-with-options-and-smart-options" id="id21">Scripts with options (and smart options)</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#scripts-with-flags" id="id22">Scripts with flags</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#plac-for-python-2-x-users" id="id23">plac for Python 2.X users</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#more-features" id="id24">More features</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#a-realistic-example" id="id25">A realistic example</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#keyword-arguments" id="id26">Keyword arguments</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#final-example-a-shelve-interface" id="id27">Final example: a shelve interface</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#plac-vs-argparse" id="id28">plac vs argparse</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#plac-vs-the-rest-of-the-world" id="id29">plac vs the rest of the world</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-future" id="id30">The future</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#trivia-the-story-behind-the-name" id="id31">Trivia: the story behind the name</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#plac-parsing-the-command-line-the-easy-way" id="id15">Plac: Parsing the Command Line the Easy Way</a><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-importance-of-scaling-down" id="id16">The importance of scaling down</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#scripts-with-required-arguments" id="id17">Scripts with required arguments</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#scripts-with-default-arguments" id="id18">Scripts with default arguments</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#scripts-with-options-and-smart-options" id="id19">Scripts with options (and smart options)</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#scripts-with-flags" id="id20">Scripts with flags</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#plac-for-python-2-x-users" id="id21">plac for Python 2.X users</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#more-features" id="id22">More features</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#a-realistic-example" id="id23">A realistic example</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#keyword-arguments" id="id24">Keyword arguments</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#final-example-a-shelve-interface" id="id25">Final example: a shelve interface</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#plac-vs-argparse" id="id26">plac vs argparse</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#plac-vs-the-rest-of-the-world" id="id27">plac vs the rest of the world</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-future" id="id28">The future</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#trivia-the-story-behind-the-name" id="id29">Trivia: the story behind the name</a></li>
 </ul>
 </li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#advanced-usages-of-plac" id="id32">Advanced usages of plac</a><ul>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#introduction" id="id33">Introduction</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#from-scripts-to-interactive-applications" id="id34">From scripts to interactive applications</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#testing-a-plac-application" id="id35">Testing a plac application</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#plac-easy-tests" id="id36">Plac easy tests</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#plac-batch-scripts" id="id37">Plac batch scripts</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#implementing-subcommands" id="id38">Implementing subcommands</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#plac-interpreter-call" id="id39">plac.Interpreter.call</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#readline-support" id="id40">Readline support</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-plac-runner" id="id41">The plac runner</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#a-non-class-based-example" id="id42">A non class-based example</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#writing-your-own-plac-runner" id="id43">Writing your own plac runner</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#long-running-commands" id="id44">Long running commands</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#threaded-commands" id="id45">Threaded commands</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#running-commands-as-external-processes" id="id46">Running commands as external processes</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#managing-the-output-of-concurrent-commands" id="id47">Managing the output of concurrent commands</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#monitor-support" id="id48">Monitor support</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#parallel-computing-with-plac" id="id49">Parallel computing with plac</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-plac-server" id="id50">The plac server</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#summary" id="id51">Summary</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#appendix-custom-annotation-objects" id="id52">Appendix: custom annotation objects</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#advanced-usages-of-plac" id="id30">Advanced usages of plac</a><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#introduction" id="id31">Introduction</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#from-scripts-to-interactive-applications" id="id32">From scripts to interactive applications</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#testing-a-plac-application" id="id33">Testing a plac application</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#plac-easy-tests" id="id34">Plac easy tests</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#plac-batch-scripts" id="id35">Plac batch scripts</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#implementing-subcommands" id="id36">Implementing subcommands</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#plac-interpreter-call" id="id37">plac.Interpreter.call</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#readline-support" id="id38">Readline support</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-plac-runner" id="id39">The plac runner</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#a-non-class-based-example" id="id40">A non class-based example</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#writing-your-own-plac-runner" id="id41">Writing your own plac runner</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#long-running-commands" id="id42">Long running commands</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#threaded-commands" id="id43">Threaded commands</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#running-commands-as-external-processes" id="id44">Running commands as external processes</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#managing-the-output-of-concurrent-commands" id="id45">Managing the output of concurrent commands</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#monitor-support" id="id46">Monitor support</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#parallel-computing-with-plac" id="id47">Parallel computing with plac</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#the-plac-server" id="id48">The plac server</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#summary" id="id49">Summary</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#appendix-custom-annotation-objects" id="id50">Appendix: custom annotation objects</a></li>
 </ul>
 </li>
 </ul>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="the-importance-of-scaling-down">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id18">The importance of scaling down</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id16">The importance of scaling down</a></h2>
 <p>There is no want of command line arguments parsers in the Python
 world. The standard library alone contains three different modules:
 <a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/library/getopt.html">getopt</a> (from the stone age),
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@ is designed to be simple to use and extremely concise, as the examples
 below will show.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="scripts-with-required-arguments">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id19">Scripts with required arguments</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id17">Scripts with required arguments</a></h2>
 <p>Let me start with the simplest possible thing: a script that takes a
 single argument and does something to it.  It cannot get simpler
 than that, unless you consider a script without command-line
@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ optional arguments:
 This is only the tip of the iceberg: <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> is able to do much more than that.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="scripts-with-default-arguments">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id20">Scripts with default arguments</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id18">Scripts with default arguments</a></h2>
 <p>The need to have suitable defaults for command-line scripts is quite
 common. For instance I have encountered this use case at work hundreds
 of times:</p>
@@ -743,7 +743,7 @@ optional arguments:
 I will show in the next paragraphs.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="scripts-with-options-and-smart-options">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id21">Scripts with options (and smart options)</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id19">Scripts with options (and smart options)</a></h2>
 <p>It is surprising how few command-line scripts with options I have
 written over the years (probably less than a hundred), compared to the
 number of scripts with positional arguments I wrote (certainly more
@@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ executing 'select * from table' on dsn
 </pre>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="scripts-with-flags">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id22">Scripts with flags</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id20">Scripts with flags</a></h2>
 <p><a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> is able to recognize flags, i.e. boolean options which are
 <tt class="docutils literal">True</tt> if they are passed to the command line and <tt class="docutils literal">False</tt>
 if they are absent. Here is an example:</p>
@@ -916,7 +916,7 @@ the one-character abbreviation for options, since it does not make sense
 to compose them.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="plac-for-python-2-x-users">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id23">plac for Python 2.X users</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id21">plac for Python 2.X users</a></h2>
 <p>I do not use Python 3. At work we are just starting to think about
 migrating to Python 2.6. It will take years before we
 think to migrate to Python 3. I am pretty much sure most Pythonistas
@@ -952,7 +952,7 @@ X &gt;= 4 and I will use the <tt class="docutils literal">plac.annotations</tt>
 that the core features of <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> run even on Python 2.3.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="more-features">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id24">More features</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id22">More features</a></h2>
 <p>One of the goals of <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> is to have a learning curve of <em>minutes</em> for
 its core features, compared to the learning curve of <em>hours</em> of
 <a class="reference external" href="http://argparse.googlecode.com">argparse</a>. In order to reach this goal, I have <em>not</em> sacrificed all
@@ -1071,7 +1071,7 @@ line as soon as available, whereas the default behaviour is to print
 all the lines together and the end of the computation.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="a-realistic-example">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id25">A realistic example</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id23">A realistic example</a></h2>
 <p>Here is a more realistic script using most of the features of <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> to
 run SQL queries on a database by relying on <a class="reference external" href="http://www.sqlalchemy.org/">SQLAlchemy</a>. Notice the usage
 of the <tt class="docutils literal">type</tt> feature to automagically convert a SQLAlchemy connection
@@ -1135,7 +1135,7 @@ optional arguments:
 <p>You can check for yourself that the script works.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="keyword-arguments">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id26">Keyword arguments</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id24">Keyword arguments</a></h2>
 <p>Starting from release 0.4, <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> supports keyword arguments.  In
 practice that means that if your main function has keyword arguments,
 <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> treats specially arguments of the form <tt class="docutils literal">&quot;name=value&quot;</tt> in the
@@ -1195,7 +1195,7 @@ is a consequence of the way the argument names are managed in function calls
 by the Python language.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="final-example-a-shelve-interface">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id27">Final example: a shelve interface</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id25">Final example: a shelve interface</a></h2>
 <p>Here is a less trivial example for the keyword arguments feature.
 The use case is the following: suppose we have stored the
 configuration parameters of a given application into a Python shelve
@@ -1317,7 +1317,7 @@ ishelve.py: error: unrecognized arguments: .cler
 </pre>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="plac-vs-argparse">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id28">plac vs argparse</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id26">plac vs argparse</a></h2>
 <p><a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> is opinionated and by design it does not try to make available
 all of the features of <a class="reference external" href="http://argparse.googlecode.com">argparse</a> in an easy way.  In particular you
 should be aware of the following limitations/differences (the
@@ -1415,7 +1415,7 @@ adding such options to the <tt class="docutils literal">main</tt> function for y
 attribute.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="plac-vs-the-rest-of-the-world">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id29">plac vs the rest of the world</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id27">plac vs the rest of the world</a></h2>
 <p>Originally <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> boasted about being &quot;the easiest command-line
 arguments parser in the world&quot;. Since then, people started pointing
 out to me various projects which are based on the same idea
@@ -1437,12 +1437,15 @@ easier than <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac
 library and as such it shares many features with the module <a class="reference external" href="http://packages.python.org/cmd2/">cmd2</a> by
 Catherine Devlin. However, this is completely coincidental, since I became
 aware of the <a class="reference external" href="http://packages.python.org/cmd2/">cmd2</a> module only after writing <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a>.</p>
-<p>Command-line argument parsers keep coming out; between the newcomers
-I will notice <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/pulp/marrow.script">marrow.script</a> by Alice Bevan-McGregor, which is quite
-similar to <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> in spirit, but does not rely on <a class="reference external" href="http://argparse.googlecode.com">argparse</a> at all.</p>
+<p>Command-line argument parsers keep coming out; between the newcomers I
+will notice <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/pulp/marrow.script">marrow.script</a> by Alice Bevan-McGregor, which is quite
+similar to <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> in spirit, but does not rely on <a class="reference external" href="http://argparse.googlecode.com">argparse</a> at all.
+<a class="reference external" href="http://packages.python.org/argh">Argh</a> by Andrey Mikhaylenko is also worth mentioning: it is also based
+on <a class="reference external" href="http://argparse.googlecode.com">argparse</a>, it came after <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> and I must give credit to the author
+for the choice of the name, much funnier than plac!</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="the-future">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id30">The future</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id28">The future</a></h2>
 <p>Currently the core of <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> is around 200 lines of code, not counting blanks,
 comments and docstrings. I do not plan to extend the core much in the
 future. The idea is to keep the module short: it is and it should
@@ -1463,7 +1466,7 @@ they require Python 2.5 to work, whereas <tt class="docutils literal">plac_core.
 Python 2.3.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="trivia-the-story-behind-the-name">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id31">Trivia: the story behind the name</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id29">Trivia: the story behind the name</a></h2>
 <p>The <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> project started very humbly: I just wanted to make
 easy_installable my old <a class="reference external" href="http://code.activestate.com/recipes/278844-parsing-the-command-line/">optionparse</a> recipe, and to publish it on PyPI.
 The original name of <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> was optionparser and the idea behind it was
@@ -1488,13 +1491,14 @@ a <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/Clap/0.7">Clap
 <p>Having little imagination, I decided to rename everything again to plac,
 an anagram of clap: since it is a non-existing English name, I hope nobody
 will steal it from me!</p>
-<p>That's all, I hope you will enjoy working with <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a>!</p>
+<p>That concludes the section about the basic usage of <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a>. You are now ready to
+read about the advanced usage.</p>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="advanced-usages-of-plac">
-<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id32">Advanced usages of plac</a></h1>
+<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id30">Advanced usages of plac</a></h1>
 <div class="section" id="introduction">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id33">Introduction</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id31">Introduction</a></h2>
 <p>One of the design goals of <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> is to make it dead easy to write a
 scriptable and testable interface for an application.  You can use
 <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> whenever you have an API with strings in input and strings in
@@ -1517,7 +1521,7 @@ or a Web application on top of <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.p
 you can do with <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a>, your imagination is the only limit!</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="from-scripts-to-interactive-applications">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id34">From scripts to interactive applications</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id32">From scripts to interactive applications</a></h2>
 <p>Command-line scripts have many advantages, but they are no substitute
 for interactive applications.
 In particular, if you have a script with a large startup time which must be run
@@ -1621,7 +1625,7 @@ are using a recent version of Python (&gt;= 2.5), because it is a context
 manager object which uses extended generators internally.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="testing-a-plac-application">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id35">Testing a plac application</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id33">Testing a plac application</a></h2>
 <p>You can conveniently test your application in interactive mode.
 However manual testing is a poor substitute for automatic testing.</p>
 <p>In principle, one could write automatic tests for the
@@ -1686,7 +1690,7 @@ once at the beginning and at the end of the interpreter loop.
 <tt class="docutils literal">plac.call</tt> instead ignores the initialization/finalization code.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="plac-easy-tests">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id36">Plac easy tests</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id34">Plac easy tests</a></h2>
 <p>Writing your tests in terms of <tt class="docutils literal">Interpreter.check</tt> is certainly an
 improvement over writing them in terms of <tt class="docutils literal">plac.call</tt>, but they
 are still too low-level for my taste. The <tt class="docutils literal">Interpreter</tt> class provides
@@ -1779,7 +1783,7 @@ a string containing directory names separated by colons). If the variable
 If the plac tool is not found, an <tt class="docutils literal">ImportError</tt> is raised.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="plac-batch-scripts">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id37">Plac batch scripts</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id35">Plac batch scripts</a></h2>
 <p>It is pretty easy to realize that an interactive interpreter can
 also be used to run batch scripts: instead of reading the commands from
 the console, it is enough to read the commands from a file.
@@ -1831,7 +1835,7 @@ the output of the batch script and turn it into a <tt class="docutils literal">.
 (cool, isn't it?).</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="implementing-subcommands">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id38">Implementing subcommands</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id36">Implementing subcommands</a></h2>
 <p>When I discussed the <tt class="docutils literal">ishelve</tt> implementation in the <a class="reference external" href="http://plac.googlecode.com/hg/doc/plac.html">basic
 documentation</a>, I said that it looked like a poor man implementation
 of an object system as a chain of elifs; I also said that <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> was
@@ -1859,7 +1863,7 @@ class ShelveInterface(object):
     def __init__(self, configfile):
         self.configfile = configfile or '~/conf.shelve'
         self.fname = os.path.expanduser(self.configfile)
-        self.__doc__ += '\nOperating on %s.\n.help to see '\
+        self.__doc__ += '\nOperating on %s.\nUse help to see '\
             'the available commands.\n'  % self.fname
     def __enter__(self):
         self.sh = shelve.open(self.fname)
@@ -1891,6 +1895,7 @@ main = ShelveInterface # useful for the tests
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     plac.Interpreter.call(ShelveInterface)
+
 </pre>
 <p><tt class="docutils literal">plac.Interpreter</tt> objects wrap context manager objects
 consistently.  In other words, if you wrap an object with
@@ -1904,8 +1909,8 @@ implemented any error checking in the <tt class="docutils literal">show</tt> and
 on purpose, to verify that <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> works correctly in the presence of
 exceptions.</p>
 <p>When working with command containers, <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> automatically adds two
-special commands to the set of provided commands: <tt class="docutils literal">.help</tt>
-and <tt class="docutils literal">.last_tb</tt>. The <tt class="docutils literal">.help</tt> command is the easier to understand:
+special commands to the set of provided commands: <tt class="docutils literal">help</tt>
+and <tt class="docutils literal">.last_tb</tt>. The <tt class="docutils literal">help</tt> command is the easier to understand:
 when invoked without arguments it displays the list of available commands
 with the same formatting of the <a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/library/cmd.html">cmd</a> module; when invoked with the name of
 a command it displays the usage message for that command.
@@ -1916,12 +1921,12 @@ it allows you to display the traceback of the last executed command.</p>
 $ python ishelve2.py
 A minimal interface over a shelve object.
 Operating on /home/micheles/conf.shelve.
-.help to see the available commands.
-i&gt; .help
+Use help to see the available commands.
+i&gt; help
 
 special commands
 ================
-.help .last_tb
+last_tb
 
 custom commands
 ===============
@@ -1957,9 +1962,21 @@ i&gt;
 </pre>
 <p>Notice that in interactive mode the traceback is hidden, unless
 you pass the <tt class="docutils literal">verbose</tt> flag to the <tt class="docutils literal">Interpreter.interact</tt> method.</p>
+<p>CHANGED IN VERSION 0.9: if you have an old version of <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> the
+<tt class="docutils literal">help</tt> command must be prefixed with a dot, i.e. you must write
+<tt class="docutils literal">.help</tt>. The old behavior was more consistent in my opinion, since
+it made it clear that the <tt class="docutils literal">help</tt> command was special and threated
+differently from the regular commands. However many users complained against
+the dot, so I changed it to make them happy. Starting from release 0.9
+the <tt class="docutils literal">help</tt> command is just an alias for <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--help</span></tt>, in the
+sense that there is a preprocessor step replacing <tt class="docutils literal">help</tt> with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--help</span></tt>
+in the argument list.
+Notice that if you implement a custom <tt class="docutils literal">help</tt> command in the commander class
+the preprocessor will be automatically disabled: passing <tt class="docutils literal">help</tt>
+will call the custom help command, just as you would expect.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="plac-interpreter-call">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id39">plac.Interpreter.call</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id37">plac.Interpreter.call</a></h2>
 <p>At the core of <tt class="docutils literal">plac</tt> there is the <tt class="docutils literal">call</tt> function which invokes
 a callable with the list of arguments passed at the command-line
 (<tt class="docutils literal">sys.argv[1:]</tt>). Thanks to <tt class="docutils literal">plac.call</tt> you can launch your module
@@ -2025,7 +2042,7 @@ for the commands to execute:</p>
 $ python ishelve3.py -i
 A minimal interface over a shelve object.
 Operating on /home/micheles/conf.shelve.
-.help to see the available commands.
+Use help to see the available commands.
 
 i&gt;
 </pre>
@@ -2050,7 +2067,7 @@ a comment, the splitting function, the input source and the prompt to
 use while in interactive mode, and a verbose flag.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="readline-support">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id40">Readline support</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id38">Readline support</a></h2>
 <p>Starting from release 0.6 <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> offers full readline support. That
 means that if your Python was compiled with readline support you get
 autocompletion and persistent command history for free.  By default
@@ -2064,7 +2081,8 @@ database interface understanding SQL commands:</p>
 import os, plac
 from sqlalchemy.ext.sqlsoup import SqlSoup
 
-SQLKEYWORDS = set(['select', 'from', 'inner', 'join', 'outer', 'left', 'right']
+SQLKEYWORDS = set(['help', 'select', 'from', 
+                   'inner', 'join', 'outer', 'left', 'right']
                   ) # and many others
 DBTABLES = set(['table1', 'table2']) # you can read them from the db schema
 
@@ -2117,10 +2135,10 @@ not need to be the GPL (actually it is a BSD
 do-whatever-you-want-with-it licence).</p>
 <p>The interactive mode of <tt class="docutils literal">plac</tt> can be used as a replacement of the
 <a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/library/cmd.html">cmd</a> module in the standard library. It is actually better than <a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/library/cmd.html">cmd</a>:
-for instance, the <tt class="docutils literal">.help</tt> command is more powerful, since it
+for instance, the <tt class="docutils literal">help</tt> command is more powerful, since it
 provides information about the arguments accepted by the given command:</p>
 <pre class="literal-block">
-i&gt; .help set
+i&gt; help set
 usage:  set name value
 
 set name value
@@ -2129,15 +2147,15 @@ positional arguments:
   name
   value
 
-i&gt; .help delete
+i&gt; help delete
 usage:  delete [name]
 
 delete given parameter (or everything)
 
 positional arguments:
-  name
+  name        [None]
 
-i&gt; .help show
+i&gt; help show
 usage:  show [names [names ...]]
 
 show given parameters
@@ -2162,7 +2180,7 @@ NameError: Ambiguous command 'sh': matching ['showall', 'show']
 </pre>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="the-plac-runner">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id41">The plac runner</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id39">The plac runner</a></h2>
 <p>The distribution of <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> includes a runner script named <tt class="docutils literal">plac_runner.py</tt>,
 which will be installed in a suitable directory in your system by <a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/distutils/">distutils</a>
 (say in <tt class="docutils literal">\usr\local\bin\plac_runner.py</tt> in a Unix-like operative system).
@@ -2272,7 +2290,7 @@ a=1
 on the <tt class="docutils literal">main</tt> object of the Python module.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="a-non-class-based-example">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id42">A non class-based example</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id40">A non class-based example</a></h2>
 <p><a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> does not force you to use classes to define command containers.
 Even a simple function can be a valid command container, it is
 enough to add to it a <tt class="docutils literal">.commands</tt> attribute and possibly
@@ -2387,7 +2405,7 @@ a method container. In other situations, it is best to use a custom
 class.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="writing-your-own-plac-runner">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id43">Writing your own plac runner</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id41">Writing your own plac runner</a></h2>
 <p>The runner included in the <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> distribution is intentionally kept
 small (around 50 lines of code) so that you can study it and write
 your own runner if want to. If you need to go to such level
@@ -2464,7 +2482,7 @@ loop in a separate process and send commands to it via the Queue
 class provided by the <a class="reference external" href="http://docs.python.org/library/multiprocessing.html">multiprocessing</a> module.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="long-running-commands">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id44">Long running commands</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id42">Long running commands</a></h2>
 <p>As we saw, by default a <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> interpreter blocks until
 the command terminates. This is an issue, in the sense that it makes
 the interactive experience quite painful for long running commands. An
@@ -2513,7 +2531,7 @@ the interface responsive. <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python
 and processes.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="threaded-commands">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id45">Threaded commands</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id43">Threaded commands</a></h2>
 <p>The most familiar way to execute a task in the background (even if not
 necessarily the best way) is to run it into a separated thread. In our
 example it is sufficient to replace the line</p>
@@ -2619,7 +2637,7 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
 </pre>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="running-commands-as-external-processes">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id46">Running commands as external processes</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id44">Running commands as external processes</a></h2>
 <p>Threads are not loved much in the Python world and actually most people
 prefer to use processes instead. For this reason <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> provides the
 option to execute long running commands as external processes. Unfortunately
@@ -2662,7 +2680,7 @@ and it is safer than using threads, so it is the recommended approach
 unless you are working on Windows.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="managing-the-output-of-concurrent-commands">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id47">Managing the output of concurrent commands</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id45">Managing the output of concurrent commands</a></h2>
 <p><a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> acts as a command-line task launcher and can be used as the base
 to build a GUI-based task launcher and task monitor. To this aim the
 interpreter class provides a <tt class="docutils literal">.submit</tt> method which returns a task
@@ -2713,7 +2731,7 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
 </pre>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="monitor-support">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id48">Monitor support</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id46">Monitor support</a></h2>
 <p>Starting from release 0.8 <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> provides builtin support for monitoring the
 output of concurrent commands, at least for platforms where multiprocessing
 is fully supported. You can define your own monitor
@@ -2752,7 +2770,7 @@ of the command. Notice that if <tt class="docutils literal">Tkinter</tt> is not
 on your system the <tt class="docutils literal">TkMonitor</tt> class will not be available.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="parallel-computing-with-plac">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id49">Parallel computing with plac</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id47">Parallel computing with plac</a></h2>
 <p><a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> is certainly not intended as a tool for parallel computing, but
 still you can use it to launch a set of commands and to collect the
 results, similarly to the MapReduce pattern popularized by
@@ -2887,7 +2905,7 @@ shows another couple of examples of usage, including how to show the
 results of the running computation on a <tt class="docutils literal">TkMonitor</tt>.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="the-plac-server">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id50">The plac server</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id48">The plac server</a></h2>
 <p>A command-line oriented interface can be easily converted into a
 socket-based interface. Starting from release 0.7 plac features
 a builtin server which is able to accept commands from multiple
@@ -2933,7 +2951,7 @@ Connection closed by foreign host.
 </pre>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="summary">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id51">Summary</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id49">Summary</a></h2>
 <p>Once <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> claimed to be the easiest command-line arguments parser
 in the world. Having read this document you may think that it is not
 so easy after all. But it is a false impression. Actually the
@@ -2959,7 +2977,7 @@ given port number (default 2199)</li>
 </div>
 <hr class="docutils" />
 <div class="section" id="appendix-custom-annotation-objects">
-<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id52">Appendix: custom annotation objects</a></h2>
+<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id50">Appendix: custom annotation objects</a></h2>
 <p>Internally <a class="reference external" href="http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac">plac</a> uses an <tt class="docutils literal">Annotation</tt> class to convert the tuples
 in the function signature into annotation objects, i.e. objects with
 six attributes <tt class="docutils literal">help, kind, short, type, choices, metavar</tt>.</p>
diff --git a/plac/doc/plac.pdf b/plac/doc/plac.pdf
index 86a9e54..527b867 100644
--- a/plac/doc/plac.pdf
+++ b/plac/doc/plac.pdf
@@ -86,12 +86,12 @@ endobj
 << /Annots [ 4 0 R
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- /Contents 347 0 R
+ /Contents 351 0 R
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  841.8898 ]
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+ /Parent 350 0 R
  /Resources << /Font 1 0 R
  /ProcSet [ /PDF
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@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ endobj
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-BT 1 0 0 1 0 14 Tm .449982 Tw 12 TL /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (Command-line argument parsers keep coming out; between the newcomers I will notice ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (marrow.script ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (by) Tj T* 0 Tw (Alice Bevan-McGregor, which is quite similar to ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (plac ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (in spirit, but does not rely on ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (argparse ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (at all.) Tj T* ET
+BT 1 0 0 1 0 38 Tm .449982 Tw 12 TL /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (Command-line argument parsers keep coming out; between the newcomers I will notice ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (marrow.script ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (by) Tj T* 0 Tw .30683 Tw (Alice Bevan-McGregor, which is quite similar to ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (plac ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (in spirit, but does not rely on ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (argparse ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (at all. ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (Argh ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (by) Tj T* 0 Tw .600542 Tw (Andrey Mikhaylenko is also worth mentioning: it is also based on ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (argparse) Tj 0 0 0 rg (, it came after ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (plac ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (and I must) Tj T* 0 Tw (give credit to the author for the choice of the name, much funnier than plac!) Tj T* ET
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 BT 1 0 0 1 0 50 Tm .285988 Tw 12 TL /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (Version 0.5 of ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (plac ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (doubled the code base and the documentation: it is based on the idea of using ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (plac ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (to) Tj T* 0 Tw .408555 Tw (implement command-line interpreters, i.e. something akin to the ) Tj /F3 10 Tf (cmd ) Tj /F1 10 Tf (module in the standard library, only) Tj T* 0 Tw .49936 Tw (better. The new features of ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (plac ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (are described in the ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (advanced usage document ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (. They are implemented) Tj T* 0 Tw .313828 Tw (in a separated module \() Tj /F3 10 Tf (plac_ext.py) Tj /F1 10 Tf (\), since they require Python 2.5 to work, whereas ) Tj /F3 10 Tf (plac_core.py) Tj T* 0 Tw /F1 10 Tf (only requires Python 2.3.) Tj T* ET
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-BT 1 0 0 1 0 2 Tm 12 TL /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (That's all, I hope you will enjoy working with ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (plac) Tj 0 0 0 rg (!) Tj T* ET
+BT 1 0 0 1 0 14 Tm .225542 Tw 12 TL /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (That concludes the section about the basic usage of ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (plac) Tj 0 0 0 rg (. You are now ready to read about the advanced) Tj T* 0 Tw (usage.) Tj T* ET
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 BT 1 0 0 1 0 50 Tm .694104 Tw 12 TL /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (You can easily replace the ) Tj /F3 10 Tf (cmd ) Tj /F1 10 Tf (module of the standard library and you could easily write an application) Tj T* 0 Tw 2.271751 Tw (like ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (twill ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (with ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (plac) Tj 0 0 0 rg (. Or you could use it to script your building procedure. ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (plac ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (also supports parallel) Tj T* 0 Tw .907765 Tw (execution of multiple commands and can be used as task manager and monitor. It is also quite easy to) Tj T* 0 Tw 1.483488 Tw (build a GUI or a Web application on top of ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (plac) Tj 0 0 0 rg (. When speaking of things you can do with ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (plac) Tj 0 0 0 rg (, your) Tj T* 0 Tw (imagination is the only limit!) Tj T* ET
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-BT 1 0 0 1 0 86 Tm /F3 10 Tf 12 TL (# shelve_interpreter.py) Tj T* (import plac, ishelve) Tj T*  T* (@plac.annotations\() Tj T* (    interactive=\('start interactive interface', 'flag'\),) Tj T* (    subcommands='the commands of the underlying ishelve interpreter'\)) Tj T* (def main\(interactive, *subcommands\):) Tj T* (    """) Tj T* ET
+BT 1 0 0 1 0 74 Tm /F3 10 Tf 12 TL (# shelve_interpreter.py) Tj T* (import plac, ishelve) Tj T*  T* (@plac.annotations\() Tj T* (    interactive=\('start interactive interface', 'flag'\),) Tj T* (    subcommands='the commands of the underlying ishelve interpreter'\)) Tj T* (def main\(interactive, *subcommands\):) Tj T* ET
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-BT 1 0 0 1 0 122 Tm /F3 10 Tf 12 TL (    This script works both interactively and non-interactively.) Tj T* (    Use .help to see the internal commands.) Tj T* (    """) Tj T* (    if interactive:) Tj T* (        plac.Interpreter\(ishelve.main\).interact\(\)) Tj T* (    else:) Tj T* (        for out in plac.call\(ishelve.main, subcommands\):) Tj T* (            print\(out\)) Tj T*  T* (if __name__ == '__main__':) Tj T* (    plac.call\(main\)) Tj T* ET
+BT 1 0 0 1 0 134 Tm /F3 10 Tf 12 TL (    """) Tj T* (    This script works both interactively and non-interactively.) Tj T* (    Use .help to see the internal commands.) Tj T* (    """) Tj T* (    if interactive:) Tj T* (        plac.Interpreter\(ishelve.main\).interact\(\)) Tj T* (    else:) Tj T* (        for out in plac.call\(ishelve.main, subcommands\):) Tj T* (            print\(out\)) Tj T*  T* (if __name__ == '__main__':) Tj T* (    plac.call\(main\)) Tj T* ET
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-BT 1 0 0 1 0 158 Tm 12 TL /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg ($ python shelve_interpreter.py -i # interactive use) Tj T* (A simple interface to a shelve. Use .help to see the available commands.) Tj T* (i) Tj (>) Tj ( .help) Tj T* (Commands: .help, .showall, .clear, .delete) Tj T* (<) Tj (param) Tj (>) Tj ( ...) Tj T* (<) Tj (param=value) Tj (>) Tj ( ...) Tj T* (i) Tj (>) Tj ( a=1) Tj T* (setting a=1) Tj T* (i) Tj (>) Tj ( a) Tj T* (1) Tj T* (i) Tj (>) Tj ( b=2) Tj T* (setting b=2) Tj T* (i) Tj (>) Tj ( a b) Tj T* (1) Tj T* ET
+BT 1 0 0 1 0 146 Tm 12 TL /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg ($ python shelve_interpreter.py -i # interactive use) Tj T* (A simple interface to a shelve. Use .help to see the available commands.) Tj T* (i) Tj (>) Tj ( .help) Tj T* (Commands: .help, .showall, .clear, .delete) Tj T* (<) Tj (param) Tj (>) Tj ( ...) Tj T* (<) Tj (param=value) Tj (>) Tj ( ...) Tj T* (i) Tj (>) Tj ( a=1) Tj T* (setting a=1) Tj T* (i) Tj (>) Tj ( a) Tj T* (1) Tj T* (i) Tj (>) Tj ( b=2) Tj T* (setting b=2) Tj T* (i) Tj (>) Tj ( a b) Tj T* ET
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-BT 1 0 0 1 0 86 Tm 12 TL /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (2) Tj T* (i) Tj (>) Tj ( .del a) Tj T* (deleted a) Tj T* (i) Tj (>) Tj ( a) Tj T* (a: not found) Tj T* (i) Tj (>) Tj ( .show) Tj T* (b=2) Tj T* (i) Tj (>) Tj ( [CTRL-D]) Tj T* ET
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+BT 1 0 0 1 0 86 Tm /F3 10 Tf 12 TL (# test_ishelve_more.py) Tj T* (from __future__ import with_statement) Tj T* (import plac, ishelve) Tj T*  T* (def test\(\):) Tj T* (    with plac.Interpreter\(ishelve.main\) as i:) Tj T* (        i.check\('.clear', 'cleared the shelve'\)) Tj T* (        i.check\('a=1', 'setting a=1'\)) Tj T* ET
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 BT 1 0 0 1 0 38 Tm .136654 Tw 12 TL /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (In addition, I have implemented from scratch some support for line number recognition, so that if a test fail) Tj T* 0 Tw .042093 Tw (you get the line number of the failing command. This is especially useful if your tests are stored in external) Tj T* 0 Tw .610898 Tw (files, even if plac easy tests does not need to be in a file: you can just pass to the ) Tj /F3 10 Tf (.doctest ) Tj /F1 10 Tf (method a) Tj T* 0 Tw (list of strings corresponding to the lines of the file.) Tj T* ET
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 BT 1 0 0 1 0 14 Tm 1.939461 Tw 12 TL /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (If you execute the batch file, the interpreter will print a ) Tj /F3 10 Tf (.dl: not found ) Tj /F1 10 Tf (at the ) Tj /F3 10 Tf (.dl ) Tj /F1 10 Tf (line and will) Tj T* 0 Tw (continue:) Tj T* ET
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-BT 1 0 0 1 0 50 Tm .015868 Tw 12 TL /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (Technically a container of commands is any object with a ) Tj /F3 10 Tf (.commands ) Tj /F1 10 Tf (attribute listing a set of functions or) Tj T* 0 Tw 2.550888 Tw (methods which are valid commands. A command container may have initialization/finalization hooks) Tj T* 0 Tw 2.55664 Tw (\() Tj /F3 10 Tf (__enter__/__exit__) Tj /F1 10 Tf (\) and dispatch hooks \() Tj /F3 10 Tf (__missing__) Tj /F1 10 Tf (, invoked for invalid command names\).) Tj T* 0 Tw 2.113828 Tw (Moreover, only when using command containers ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (plac ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (is able to provide automatic autocompletion of) Tj T* 0 Tw (commands.) Tj T* ET
+BT 1 0 0 1 0 38 Tm .015868 Tw 12 TL /F1 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (Technically a container of commands is any object with a ) Tj /F3 10 Tf (.commands ) Tj /F1 10 Tf (attribute listing a set of functions or ) Tj T* 0 Tw 2.550888 Tw (methods which are valid commands. A command container may have initialization/finalization hooks ) Tj T* 0 Tw 2.55664 Tw (\() Tj /F3 10 Tf (__enter__/__exit__) Tj /F1 10 Tf (\) and dispatch hooks \() Tj /F3 10 Tf (__missing__) Tj /F1 10 Tf (, invoked for invalid command names\). ) Tj T* 0 Tw 2.113828 Tw (Moreover, only when using command containers ) Tj 0 0 .501961 rg (plac ) Tj 0 0 0 rg (is able to provide automatic autocompletion of) Tj T* 0 Tw ET
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-BT 1 0 0 1 0 482 Tm /F3 10 Tf 12 TL  T* (class ShelveInterface\(object\):) Tj T* (    "A minimal interface over a shelve object.") Tj T* (    commands = 'set', 'show', 'showall', 'delete') Tj T* (    @plac.annotations\() Tj T* (        configfile=\('path name of the shelve', 'option'\)\)) Tj T* (    def __init__\(self, configfile\):) Tj T* (        self.configfile = configfile or '~/conf.shelve') Tj T* (        self.fname = os.path.expanduser\(self.configfile\)) Tj T* (        self.__doc__ += '\\nOperating on %s.\\n.help to see '\\) Tj T* (            'the available commands.\\n'  % self.fname) Tj T* (    def __enter__\(self\):) Tj T* (        self.sh = shelve.open\(self.fname\)) Tj T* (        return self) Tj T* (    def __exit__\(self, etype, exc, tb\):) Tj T* (        self.sh.close\(\)) Tj T* (    def set\(self, name, value\):) Tj T* (        "set name value") Tj T* (        yield 'setting %s=%s' % \(name, value\)) Tj T* (        self.sh[name] = value) Tj T* (    def show\(self, *names\):) Tj T* (        "show given parameters") Tj T* (        for name in names:) Tj T* (            yield '%s = %s' % \(name, self.sh[name]\) # no error checking) Tj T* (    def showall\(self\):) Tj T* (        "show all parameters") Tj T* (        for name in self.sh:) Tj T* (            yield '%s = %s' % \(name, self.sh[name]\)) Tj T* (    def delete\(self, name=None\):) Tj T* (        "delete given parameter \(or everything\)") Tj T* (        if name is None:) Tj T* (            yield 'deleting everything') Tj T* (            self.sh.clear\(\)) Tj T* (        else:) Tj T* (            yield 'deleting %s' % name) Tj T* (            del self.sh[name] # no error checking) Tj T*  T* (main = ShelveInterface # useful for the tests) Tj T*  T* (if __name__ == '__main__':) Tj T* (    plac.Interpreter.call\(ShelveInterface\)) Tj T* ET
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+BT 1 0 0 1 0 254 Tm 12 TL /F3 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg (from __future__ import with_statement) Tj T* (from random import random) Tj T* (import multiprocessing) Tj T* (import plac) Tj T*  T* (class PiCalculator\(object\):) Tj T* (    """Compute pi in parallel with threads or processes""") Tj T* (    ) Tj T* (    @plac.annotations\() Tj T* (        npoints=\('number of integration points', 'positional', None, int\),) Tj T* (        mode=\('sequential|parallel|threaded', 'option', 'm', str, 'SPT'\)\)) Tj T* (    def __init__\(self, npoints, mode='S'\):) Tj T* (        self.npoints = npoints) Tj T* (        if mode == 'P':) Tj T* (            self.mpcommands = ['calc_pi']) Tj T* (        elif mode == 'T':) Tj T* (            self.thcommands = ['calc_pi']) Tj T* (        elif mode == 'S':) Tj T* (            self.commands = ['calc_pi']) Tj T* (        self.n_cpu = multiprocessing.cpu_count\(\)) Tj T* (    ) Tj T* (    def submit_tasks\(self\):) Tj T* ET
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 endobj
 % 'R429': class PDFPageLabel 
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 % None
 << /S /D
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 endobj
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 % None
 << /S /D
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 endobj
 % 'R431': class PDFPageLabel 
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 % None
 << /S /D
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 432 0 obj
 % None
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 endobj
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 % None
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 endobj
 % 'R434': class PDFPageLabel 
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 % None
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 endobj
 % 'R435': class PDFPageLabel 
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 % None
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+ [(@\241\272\314$\341\035g\323\330\247\312\366\021\262\304) (@\241\272\314$\341\035g\323\330\247\312\366\021\262\304)] 
 
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 %%EOF
diff --git a/plac/doc/plac_adv.txt b/plac/doc/plac_adv.txt
index 01432ac..936f4af 100644
--- a/plac/doc/plac_adv.txt
+++ b/plac/doc/plac_adv.txt
@@ -332,8 +332,8 @@ on purpose, to verify that plac_ works correctly in the presence of
 exceptions.
 
 When working with command containers, plac_ automatically adds two
-special commands to the set of provided commands: ``.help``
-and ``.last_tb``. The ``.help`` command is the easier to understand:
+special commands to the set of provided commands: ``help``
+and ``.last_tb``. The ``help`` command is the easier to understand:
 when invoked without arguments it displays the list of available commands
 with the same formatting of the cmd_ module; when invoked with the name of
 a command it displays the usage message for that command.
@@ -345,12 +345,12 @@ Here is a session of usage on an Unix-like operating system::
  $ python ishelve2.py
  A minimal interface over a shelve object.
  Operating on /home/micheles/conf.shelve.
- .help to see the available commands.
- i> .help
+ Use help to see the available commands.
+ i> help
 
  special commands
  ================
- .help .last_tb  
+ last_tb  
  
  custom commands
  ===============
@@ -387,6 +387,19 @@ Here is a session of usage on an Unix-like operating system::
 Notice that in interactive mode the traceback is hidden, unless
 you pass the ``verbose`` flag to the ``Interpreter.interact`` method.
 
+CHANGED IN VERSION 0.9: if you have an old version of plac_ the
+``help`` command must be prefixed with a dot, i.e. you must write
+``.help``. The old behavior was more consistent in my opinion, since
+it made it clear that the ``help`` command was special and threated
+differently from the regular commands. However many users complained against
+the dot, so I changed it to make them happy. Starting from release 0.9
+the ``help`` command is just an alias for ``--help``, in the
+sense that there is a preprocessor step replacing ``help`` with ``--help``
+in the argument list.
+Notice that if you implement a custom ``help`` command in the commander class
+the preprocessor will be automatically disabled: passing ``help``
+will call the custom help command, just as you would expect.
+
 plac.Interpreter.call
 --------------------------------------------
 
@@ -451,7 +464,7 @@ for the commands to execute::
  $ python ishelve3.py -i 
  A minimal interface over a shelve object.
  Operating on /home/micheles/conf.shelve.
- .help to see the available commands.
+ Use help to see the available commands.
 
  i> 
 
@@ -520,10 +533,10 @@ do-whatever-you-want-with-it licence).
 
 The interactive mode of ``plac`` can be used as a replacement of the
 cmd_ module in the standard library. It is actually better than cmd_:
-for instance, the ``.help`` command is more powerful, since it
+for instance, the ``help`` command is more powerful, since it
 provides information about the arguments accepted by the given command::
 
- i> .help set
+ i> help set
  usage:  set name value
  
  set name value
@@ -532,15 +545,15 @@ provides information about the arguments accepted by the given command::
    name
    value
 
- i> .help delete
+ i> help delete
  usage:  delete [name]
  
  delete given parameter (or everything)
  
  positional arguments:
-   name
+   name        [None]
 
- i> .help show
+ i> help show
  usage:  show [names [names ...]]
  
  show given parameters
@@ -1242,8 +1255,6 @@ pretty well for most users.
 .. _OptionParser: http://docs.python.org/library/optparse.html?highlight=optionparser#optparse.OptionParser
 .. _SQLAlchemy: http://www.sqlalchemy.org/
 .. _SqlSoup: http://www.sqlalchemy.org/docs/reference/ext/sqlsoup.html
-.. _CLIArgs: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/CLIArgs
-.. _opterator: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/opterator
 .. _advanced usage document: in-writing
 .. _twill: http://twill.idyll.org/
 .. _basic documentation: http://plac.googlecode.com/hg/doc/plac.html
diff --git a/plac/doc/plac_core.txt b/plac/doc/plac_core.txt
index db90ec8..c4ffc9d 100644
--- a/plac/doc/plac_core.txt
+++ b/plac/doc/plac_core.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Plac: Parsing the Command Line the Easy Way
 
 :Author: Michele Simionato
 :E-mail: michele.simionato@gmail.com
-:Date: August 2010
+:Date: June 2011
 :Download page: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/plac
 :Project page: http://plac.googlecode.com/hg/doc/plac.html
 :Requires: Python 2.3+
@@ -707,9 +707,12 @@ library and as such it shares many features with the module cmd2_ by
 Catherine Devlin. However, this is completely coincidental, since I became
 aware of the cmd2_ module only after writing plac_.
 
-Command-line argument parsers keep coming out; between the newcomers
-I will notice `marrow.script`_ by Alice Bevan-McGregor, which is quite
+Command-line argument parsers keep coming out; between the newcomers I
+will notice `marrow.script`_ by Alice Bevan-McGregor, which is quite
 similar to plac_ in spirit, but does not rely on argparse_ at all.
+Argh_ by Andrey Mikhaylenko is also worth mentioning: it is also based
+on argparse_, it came after plac_ and I must give credit to the author
+for the choice of the name, much funnier than plac!
 
 The future
 -------------------------------
@@ -765,7 +768,8 @@ Having little imagination, I decided to rename everything again to plac,
 an anagram of clap: since it is a non-existing English name, I hope nobody
 will steal it from me!
 
-That's all, I hope you will enjoy working with plac_!
+That concludes the section about the basic usage of plac_. You are now ready to
+read about the advanced usage.
 
 .. _argparse: http://argparse.googlecode.com
 .. _optparse: http://docs.python.org/library/optparse.html
@@ -786,3 +790,4 @@ That's all, I hope you will enjoy working with plac_!
 .. _cmd: http://docs.python.org/library/cmd.html
 .. _marrow.script: https://github.com/pulp/marrow.script 
 .. _commandline: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/commandline
+.. _argh: http://packages.python.org/argh
diff --git a/plac/doc/sql_interface.py b/plac/doc/sql_interface.py
index 34042dd..67c6233 100644
--- a/plac/doc/sql_interface.py
+++ b/plac/doc/sql_interface.py
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 import os, plac
 from sqlalchemy.ext.sqlsoup import SqlSoup
 
-SQLKEYWORDS = set(['select', 'from', 'inner', 'join', 'outer', 'left', 'right']
+SQLKEYWORDS = set(['help', 'select', 'from', 
+                   'inner', 'join', 'outer', 'left', 'right']
                   ) # and many others
 DBTABLES = set(['table1', 'table2']) # you can read them from the db schema
 
diff --git a/plac/doc/test_plac.py b/plac/doc/test_plac.py
index 5414bf1..414e2a7 100644
--- a/plac/doc/test_plac.py
+++ b/plac/doc/test_plac.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ The tests are runnable with nose, with py.test, or even as standalone script
 """
 
 import os, sys, datetime, doctest, subprocess
-import plac
+import plac, plac_core
 
 sys_argv0 = sys.argv[0]
 os.chdir(os.path.dirname(__file__) or '.') # work in the current directory
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ def parser_from(f, **kw):
 
 def check_help(name):
     sys.argv[0] = name + '.py' # avoid issue with nosetests
-    plac.parser_registry.clear() # makes different imports independent
+    plac_core._parser_registry.clear() # makes different imports independent
     try:
         try:
             main = plac.import_main(name + '.py')
diff --git a/plac/plac.py b/plac/plac.py
index 979a5ed..4776afc 100644
--- a/plac/plac.py
+++ b/plac/plac.py
@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@
 See doc/plac.pdf, doc/plac_adv.pdf for the documentation.
 """
 
-__version__ = '0.8.2'
+__version__ = '0.9.0'
 
 from plac_core import *
 
 if sys.version >= '2.5':
     from plac_ext import (Interpreter, import_main, ReadlineInput, 
-                          stdout, runp, Monitor)
+                          stdout, runp, Monitor, default_help)
     try:
         from plac_tk import TkMonitor
     except ImportError:
diff --git a/plac/plac_core.py b/plac/plac_core.py
index 0e12aff..7b0ad7f 100644
--- a/plac/plac_core.py
+++ b/plac/plac_core.py
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def pconf(obj):
             cfg[name] = getattr(obj, name)
     return cfg
 
-parser_registry = {}
+_parser_registry = {}
 
 def parser_from(obj, **confparams):
     """
@@ -112,12 +112,12 @@ def parser_from(obj, **confparams):
     Returns an ArgumentParser.
     """
     try: # the underlying parser has been generated already
-        return parser_registry[obj]
+        return _parser_registry[obj]
     except KeyError: # generate a new parser
         pass
     conf = pconf(obj).copy()
     conf.update(confparams)
-    parser_registry[obj] = parser = ArgumentParser(**conf)
+    _parser_registry[obj] = parser = ArgumentParser(**conf)
     parser.obj = obj
     parser.case_sensitive = confparams.get(
         'case_sensitive', getattr(obj, 'case_sensitive', True))
@@ -163,10 +163,14 @@ class ArgumentParser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
     """
     case_sensitive = True
 
+    def alias(self, arg):
+        "Can be overridden to preprocess command-line arguments"
+        return arg
+
     def consume(self, args):
         """Call the underlying function with the args. Works also for
         command containers, by dispatching to the right subparser."""
-        arglist = list(args)
+        arglist = map(self.alias, args)
         cmd = None
         if hasattr(self, 'subparsers'):
             subp, cmd = self._extract_subparser_cmd(arglist)
@@ -223,7 +227,7 @@ class ArgumentParser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
         attribute to the parser. Also adds a .func reference to the object."""
         self.func = obj
         self.argspec = getargspec(obj)
-        parser_registry[obj] = self
+        _parser_registry[obj] = self
 
     def populate_from(self, func):
         """
@@ -284,14 +288,6 @@ class ArgumentParser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
                        self.error('No command %r' % name))
         return miss(name)
 
-    def help_cmd(self, cmd):
-        "Return the help message for a subcommand"
-        p = self.subparsers._name_parser_map.get(cmd)
-        if p is None:
-            return _('Unknown command %s' % cmd)
-        else:
-            return p.format_help()
-
     def print_actions(self):
         "Useful for debugging"
         print(self)
diff --git a/plac/plac_ext.py b/plac/plac_ext.py
index e7b4ab3..ae665b0 100644
--- a/plac/plac_ext.py
+++ b/plac/plac_ext.py
@@ -130,6 +130,54 @@ class ReadlineInput(object):
     def __iter__(self):
         return iter(self.readline, '')
 
+################### help functionality in plac interpreters ###################
+
+class HelpSummary(object):
+    "Build the help summary consistently with the cmd module"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def add(cls, obj, specialcommands):
+        p = plac_core.parser_from(obj)
+        c = cmd.Cmd(stdout=cls())
+        c.stdout.write('\n')
+        c.print_topics('special commands',
+                       sorted(specialcommands), 15, 80)
+        c.print_topics('custom commands',
+                       sorted(obj.syncommands), 15, 80)
+        c.print_topics('commands run in external processes',
+                       sorted(obj.mpcommands), 15, 80)
+        c.print_topics('threaded commands',
+                       sorted(obj.thcommands), 15, 80)
+        p.helpsummary = unicode(c.stdout)
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._ls = []
+
+    def write(self, s):
+        self._ls.append(s)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return ''.join(self._ls)
+
+def format_help(self):
+    "Attached to plac_core.ArgumentParser for plac interpreters"
+    try:
+        return self.helpsummary
+    except AttributeError:
+        return super(plac_core.ArgumentParser, self).format_help()
+plac_core.ArgumentParser.format_help = format_help
+
+def default_help(obj, cmd=None):
+    "An utility for implementing the help functionality in plac interpreters"
+    parser = plac_core.parser_from(obj)
+    if cmd is None:
+        yield parser.format_help()
+    subp = parser.subparsers._name_parser_map.get(cmd)
+    if subp is None:
+        yield _('Unknown command %s' % cmd)
+    else:
+        yield subp.format_help()
+
 ########################### import management ################################
 
 try:
@@ -139,7 +187,6 @@ except:
 
 def partial_call(factory, arglist):
     "Call a container factory with the arglist and return a plac object"
-
     a = plac_core.parser_from(factory).argspec
     if a.defaults or a.varargs or a.varkw:
         raise TypeError('Interpreter.call must be invoked on '
@@ -155,6 +202,7 @@ def partial_call(factory, arglist):
     dic = dict(factory=factory)
     exec code in dic
     makeobj = dic['makeobj']
+    makeobj.add_help = False 
     if inspect.isclass(factory):
         makeobj.__annotations__ = getattr(
             factory.__init__, '__annotations__', {})
@@ -389,46 +437,21 @@ class MPTask(BaseTask):
 
 ######################### Task Manager #######################
 
-class HelpSummary(object):
-    "Build the help summary consistently with the cmd module"
-
-    @classmethod
-    def make(cls, obj, specialcommands):
-        c = cmd.Cmd(stdout=cls())
-        c.stdout.write('\n')
-        c.print_topics('special commands',
-                       sorted(specialcommands), 15, 80)
-        c.print_topics('custom commands',
-                       sorted(obj.syncommands), 15, 80)
-        c.print_topics('commands run in external processes',
-                       sorted(obj.mpcommands), 15, 80)
-        c.print_topics('threaded commands',
-                       sorted(obj.thcommands), 15, 80)
-        return c.stdout
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        self._ls = []
-
-    def write(self, s):
-        self._ls.append(s)
-
-    def __str__(self):
-        return ''.join(self._ls)
-
 class TaskManager(object):
     """
     Store the given commands into a task registry. Provides methods to
     manage the submitted tasks.
     """
     cmdprefix = '.'
-    specialcommands = set(['.help', '.last_tb'])
+    specialcommands = set(['.last_tb'])
 
     def __init__(self, obj):
         self.obj = obj
         self.registry = {} # {taskno : task}
         if obj.mpcommands or obj.thcommands:
             self.specialcommands.update(['.kill', '.list', '.output'])
-        self.helpsummary = HelpSummary.make(obj, self.specialcommands)
+        self.parser = plac_core.parser_from(obj)
+        HelpSummary.add(obj, self.specialcommands)
         self.man = Manager() if obj.mpcommands else None
         signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, terminatedProcess)
 
@@ -520,13 +543,6 @@ class TaskManager(object):
         else:
             yield 'Nothing to show'
 
-    def help(self, cmd=None):
-        "show help about a given command"
-        if cmd is None:
-            yield unicode(self.helpsummary)
-        else:
-            yield plac_core.parser_from(self.obj).help_cmd(cmd)
-
 ########################### SyncProcess ##############################
 
 class Process(subprocess.Popen):
@@ -756,7 +772,7 @@ class Interpreter(object):
         self._set_commands(obj)
         self.tm = TaskManager(obj)
         self.man = self.tm.man
-        self.parser = plac_core.parser_from(obj, prog='', add_help=False)
+        self.parser = plac_core.parser_from(obj, prog='')
         if self.commands:
             self.commands.update(self.tm.specialcommands)
             self.parser.addsubcommands(
@@ -941,7 +957,8 @@ class Interpreter(object):
             readline_present = False
         if stdin is sys.stdin and readline_present: # use readline
             histfile = os.path.expanduser('~/.%s.history' % self.name)
-            self.stdin = ReadlineInput(self.commands, histfile=histfile)
+            completions = list(self.commands) + ['help']
+            self.stdin = ReadlineInput(completions, histfile=histfile)
         else:
             self.stdin = stdin
         self.prompt = prompt
@@ -998,6 +1015,10 @@ class Interpreter(object):
         interpreter, else start an interactive session.
         """
         obj = partial_call(factory, arglist)
+        if not hasattr(obj, 'help'):
+            # help is recognized as an alias for --help
+            aliases = dict(help='--help')
+            plac_core.parser_from(obj).alias = lambda a: aliases.get(a, a) 
         i = cls(obj, commentchar, split)
         if i.obj._args_:
             with i:
author	Michele Simionato <michele.simionato@gmail.com>	2011-06-05 05:55:20 +0200
committer	Michele Simionato <michele.simionato@gmail.com>	2011-06-05 05:55:20 +0200
commit	b63047e427c587d7195bfedd83a3db7f90e86c77 (patch)
tree	8f8bed966c7993d078106af9e8170671612afb0b
parent	21a24c746c4bd1f1cddf1de5f3317cf459b75fdb (diff)
download	micheles-b63047e427c587d7195bfedd83a3db7f90e86c77.tar.gz