diff options
| author | Andreas Henriksson <andreas@fatal.se> | 2019-12-05 13:29:31 +0100 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Andreas Henriksson <andreas@fatal.se> | 2019-12-05 13:29:31 +0100 |
| commit | 69d932140c70455a282b6e7115d9caf0cc56d6ff (patch) | |
| tree | eda18bc82cc58e5d193e608f00543b2b5b537d49 /man | |
| parent | b28d45d2bd2462414b9dbbe38e6c7f3d5f7b462b (diff) | |
| download | shadow-69d932140c70455a282b6e7115d9caf0cc56d6ff.tar.gz | |
New upstream version 4.8upstream/4.8
Diffstat (limited to 'man')
349 files changed, 15752 insertions, 14158 deletions
diff --git a/man/Makefile.am b/man/Makefile.am index 3f040e05..8b64feba 100644 --- a/man/Makefile.am +++ b/man/Makefile.am @@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ man_MANS = \ man1/sg.1 \ man3/shadow.3 \ man5/shadow.5 \ - man1/su.1 \ man5/suauth.5 \ man8/useradd.8 \ man8/userdel.8 \ @@ -54,6 +53,10 @@ man_nopam = \ man5/login.access.5 \ man5/porttime.5 +if WITH_SU +man_MANS += man1/su.1 +endif + if !USE_PAM man_MANS += $(man_nopam) endif diff --git a/man/Makefile.in b/man/Makefile.in index 7e1d3c32..dd886fb6 100644 --- a/man/Makefile.in +++ b/man/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -87,10 +87,11 @@ PRE_UNINSTALL = : POST_UNINSTALL = : build_triplet = @build@ host_triplet = @host@ -@USE_PAM_FALSE@am__append_1 = $(man_nopam) -@ENABLE_SUBIDS_TRUE@am__append_2 = $(man_subids) -@USE_PAM_TRUE@am__append_3 = $(man_nopam) -@ENABLE_SUBIDS_FALSE@am__append_4 = $(man_subids) +@WITH_SU_TRUE@am__append_1 = man1/su.1 +@USE_PAM_FALSE@am__append_2 = $(man_nopam) +@ENABLE_SUBIDS_TRUE@am__append_3 = $(man_subids) +@USE_PAM_TRUE@am__append_4 = $(man_nopam) +@ENABLE_SUBIDS_FALSE@am__append_5 = $(man_subids) subdir = man ACLOCAL_M4 = $(top_srcdir)/aclocal.m4 am__aclocal_m4_deps = $(top_srcdir)/acinclude.m4 \ @@ -171,7 +172,7 @@ am__recursive_targets = \ $(RECURSIVE_CLEAN_TARGETS) \ $(am__extra_recursive_targets) AM_RECURSIVE_TARGETS = $(am__recursive_targets:-recursive=) TAGS CTAGS \ - distdir + distdir distdir-am am__tagged_files = $(HEADERS) $(SOURCES) $(TAGS_FILES) $(LISP) # Read a list of newline-separated strings from the standard input, # and print each of them once, without duplicates. Input order is @@ -243,6 +244,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -265,6 +267,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -310,6 +313,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -385,9 +389,9 @@ man_MANS = man1/chage.1 man1/chfn.1 man8/chgpasswd.8 man8/chpasswd.8 \ man1/login.1 man5/login.defs.5 man8/logoutd.8 man1/newgrp.1 \ man8/newusers.8 man8/nologin.8 man1/passwd.1 man5/passwd.5 \ man8/pwck.8 man8/pwconv.8 man8/pwunconv.8 man1/sg.1 \ - man3/shadow.3 man5/shadow.5 man1/su.1 man5/suauth.5 \ - man8/useradd.8 man8/userdel.8 man8/usermod.8 man8/vigr.8 \ - man8/vipw.8 $(am__append_1) $(am__append_2) + man3/shadow.3 man5/shadow.5 man5/suauth.5 man8/useradd.8 \ + man8/userdel.8 man8/usermod.8 man8/vigr.8 man8/vipw.8 \ + $(am__append_1) $(am__append_2) $(am__append_3) man_nopam = \ man5/limits.5 \ man5/login.access.5 \ @@ -513,7 +517,7 @@ login_defs_v = \ EXTRA_DIST = $(man_MANS) $(man_XMANS) $(addprefix \ login.defs.d/,$(login_defs_v)) man1/id.1 id.1.xml \ man8/sulogin.8 sulogin.8.xml generate_mans.mak \ - generate_translations.mak $(am__append_3) $(am__append_4) + generate_translations.mak $(am__append_4) $(am__append_5) @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@USE_PAM_FALSE@PAM_COND = no_pam @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@USE_PAM_TRUE@PAM_COND = pam @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@SHADOWGRP_FALSE@SHADOWGRP_COND = no_gshadow @@ -545,8 +549,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(srcdir)/generate_mans.mak $(am__empty): @@ -838,7 +842,10 @@ cscopelist-am: $(am__tagged_files) distclean-tags: -rm -f TAGS ID GTAGS GRTAGS GSYMS GPATH tags -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ diff --git a/man/chage.1.xml b/man/chage.1.xml index 6ec6e840..1e4cc539 100644 --- a/man/chage.1.xml +++ b/man/chage.1.xml @@ -132,6 +132,12 @@ </listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> + <term><option>-i</option>, <option>--iso8601</option></term> + <listitem> + <para>When printing dates, use YYYY-MM-DD format.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term> <option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> </term> diff --git a/man/cs/Makefile.in b/man/cs/Makefile.in index 5b0aa146..494c164c 100644 --- a/man/cs/Makefile.in +++ b/man/cs/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -176,6 +176,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -198,6 +199,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -243,6 +245,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -349,8 +352,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(top_builddir)/config.status: $(top_srcdir)/configure $(CONFIG_STATUS_DEPENDENCIES) @@ -503,7 +506,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ diff --git a/man/da/Makefile.in b/man/da/Makefile.in index 323a0dc9..2e74ff19 100644 --- a/man/da/Makefile.in +++ b/man/da/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -179,6 +179,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -201,6 +202,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -246,6 +248,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -327,7 +330,7 @@ LANG = $(notdir $(CURDIR)) @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@USE_SHA_CRYPT_TRUE@SHA_CRYPT_COND = sha_crypt @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_FALSE@SUBIDS_COND = no_subids @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_TRUE@SUBIDS_COND = subids -CLEANFILES = .xml2po.mo $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml +CLEANFILES = messages.mo login.defs.d $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml all: all-am .SUFFIXES: @@ -348,8 +351,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(srcdir)/../generate_translations.mak $(srcdir)/../generate_mans.mak $(am__empty): @@ -503,7 +506,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ @@ -663,8 +669,19 @@ uninstall-man: uninstall-man1 uninstall-man5 uninstall-man8 @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ $(MAKE) -C .. config.xml @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ cp ../config.xml $@ -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml ../po/$(LANG).po -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ xml2po --expand-all-entities -l $(LANG) -p ../po/$(LANG).po -o $@ ../$@ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@messages.mo: ../po/$(LANG).po +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ msgfmt ../po/$(LANG).po -o messages.mo + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@login.defs.d: +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ ln -sf ../login.defs.d login.defs.d + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml messages.mo login.defs.d +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ if grep -q SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE $< ; then \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE -->/<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ else \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^\(<!DOCTYPE .*docbookx.dtd"\)>/\1 [<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;]>/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ fi +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ itstool -d -l $(LANG) -m messages.mo -o . $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -i 's:\(^<refentry .*\)>:\1 lang="$(LANG)">:' $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml-config: %.xml diff --git a/man/da/man1/chfn.1 b/man/da/man1/chfn.1 index a7e52197..cda4274b 100644 --- a/man/da/man1/chfn.1 +++ b/man/da/man1/chfn.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chfn .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Danish .\" -.TH "CHFN" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "CHFN" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -50,36 +50,37 @@ field, they should not contain any comma or equal sign\&. It is also recommended field is used to store accounting information used by other applications\&. .SH "TILVALG" .PP -Tilvalgende som g\(aelder for kommandoen +The options which apply to the \fBchfn\fR -er: +command are: .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-full\-name\fR\ \&\fINAVN\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-full\-name\fR\ \&\fIFULL_NAME\fR .RS 4 \(AEndr brugerens navn\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-home\-phone\fR\ \&\fITELEFONNUMMER\fR +\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-home\-phone\fR\ \&\fIHOME_PHONE\fR .RS 4 \(AEndr brugerens telefonnummer\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-other\fR\ \&\fIANDEN\fR +\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-other\fR\ \&\fIOTHER\fR .RS 4 \(AEndr brugerens anden GECOS\-information\&. Dette felt bruges til at gemme kontoinformation brugt af andre programmer, og kan kun \(aendres af en superbruger\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-room\fR\ \&\fIV\(AERELSESNUMMER\fR +\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-room\fR\ \&\fIROOM_NUMBER\fR .RS 4 \(AEndr brugerens v\(aerelsesnummer\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Brug \(aendringer i mappen +Apply changes in the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -og brug konfigurationsfilerne fra mappen -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ og brug konfigurationsfilerne fra mappen Vis hj\(aelpeteksten og afslut\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-work\-phone\fR\ \&\fIARBEJDSTELEFON\fR +\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-work\-phone\fR\ \&\fIWORK_PHONE\fR .RS 4 \(AEndr brugerens arbejdsnummer\&. .RE @@ -101,11 +102,11 @@ marks\&. Without options, prompts for the current user account\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -De f\(/olgende konfigurationsvariabler i +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -\(aendrer opf\(/orelsen for dette v\(aerkt\(/oj: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (boolesk) +\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 If \fIyes\fR, the diff --git a/man/da/man1/groups.1 b/man/da/man1/groups.1 index 68f4d7a7..301a6900 100644 --- a/man/da/man1/groups.1 +++ b/man/da/man1/groups.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groups .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Danish .\" -.TH "GROUPS" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "GROUPS" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/da/man1/id.1 b/man/da/man1/id.1 index c58cf747..4f63a553 100644 --- a/man/da/man1/id.1 +++ b/man/da/man1/id.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: id .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Danish .\" -.TH "ID" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "ID" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/da/man1/newgrp.1 b/man/da/man1/newgrp.1 index 878d7dea..4652b0e7 100644 --- a/man/da/man1/newgrp.1 +++ b/man/da/man1/newgrp.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newgrp .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Danish .\" -.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ newgrp \- log ind p\(oa en ny gruppe \fBnewgrp\fR [\-] [\fIgroup\fR] .SH "BESKRIVELSE" .PP -Kommandoen +The \fBnewgrp\fR -bruges til at \(aendre den aktuelle grupp\-id under en logindsession\&. Hvis det valgfrie flag +command is used to change the current group ID during a login session\&. If the optional \fB\-\fR -er angivet, s\(oa vil brugerens milj\(/o blive geninitialiseres som om at brugeren havde logget ind, ellers bevares det aktuelle milj\(/o, inklusiv aktuel arbejdsmappe, u\(aendret\&. +flag is given, the user\*(Aqs environment will be reinitialized as though the user had logged in, otherwise the current environment, including current working directory, remains unchanged\&. .PP \fBnewgrp\fR changes the current real group ID to the named group, or to the default group listed in @@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ If there is an entry for this group in is considered\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -De f\(/olgende konfigurationsvariabler i +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -\(aendrer opf\(/orelsen for dette v\(aerkt\(/oj: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 diff --git a/man/da/man1/sg.1 b/man/da/man1/sg.1 index 53ab1c1f..21ab66cf 100644 --- a/man/da/man1/sg.1 +++ b/man/da/man1/sg.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: sg .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Danish .\" -.TH "SG" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "SG" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -56,9 +56,9 @@ creates\&. This doesn\*(Aqt happen with command you are returned to your previous group ID\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -De f\(/olgende konfigurationsvariabler i +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -\(aendrer opf\(/orelsen for dette v\(aerkt\(/oj: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 diff --git a/man/da/man5/gshadow.5 b/man/da/man5/gshadow.5 index 458e54a6..723ada85 100644 --- a/man/da/man5/gshadow.5 +++ b/man/da/man5/gshadow.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: gshadow .\" Author: Nicolas Fran\(,cois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: File Formats and Conversions -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Danish .\" -.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "File Formats and Conversions" +.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "File Formats and Conversions" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ Det skal v\(aere en kommaadskilt liste af brugernavne\&. .sp Medlemmer kan tilg\(oa gruppen uden at blive spurgt efter en adgangskode\&. .sp -Du skal bruge den samme liste over brugere som i +You should use the same list of users as in /etc/group\&. .RE .SH "FILER" diff --git a/man/da/man8/groupdel.8 b/man/da/man8/groupdel.8 index 56c1271b..ca685272 100644 --- a/man/da/man8/groupdel.8 +++ b/man/da/man8/groupdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Kommandoer for systemh\(oandtering -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Danish .\" -.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Kommandoer for systemh\(oandterin" +.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Kommandoer for systemh\(oandterin" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to \fIGROUP\fR\&. The named group must exist\&. .SH "TILVALG" .PP -Tilvalgene som g\(aelder for kommandoen +The options which apply to the \fBgroupdel\fR -er: +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -51,10 +51,11 @@ Vis hj\(aelpeteksten og afslut\&. .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Brug \(aendringer i mappen +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -og brug konfigurationsfilerne fra mappen -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -72,9 +73,9 @@ De kan ikke fjerne den prim\(aere gruppe for en eksisterende bruger\&. Du skal f Du skal manuelt kontrollere alle filsystemer for at sikre dig, at ingen filer fortsat er ejet af denne gruppe\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -De f\(/olgende konfigurationsvariabler i +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -\(aendrer opf\(/orelsen for dette v\(aerkt\(/oj: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 @@ -103,9 +104,9 @@ Information om sikret gruppekonto\&. .RE .SH "EXIT VALUES" .PP -Kommandoen +The \fBgroupdel\fR -findes med de f\(/olgende v\(aerdier: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 @@ -119,12 +120,12 @@ invalid command syntax .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -angivet gruppe findes ikke +specified group doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI8\fR .RS 4 -Kan ikke fjerne brugers prim\(aere gruppe +can\*(Aqt remove user\*(Aqs primary group .RE .PP \fI10\fR diff --git a/man/da/man8/logoutd.8 b/man/da/man8/logoutd.8 index 78981045..7b6972c4 100644 --- a/man/da/man8/logoutd.8 +++ b/man/da/man8/logoutd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: logoutd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Kommandoer for systemh\(oandtering -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Danish .\" -.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Kommandoer for systemh\(oandterin" +.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Kommandoer for systemh\(oandterin" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/da/man8/nologin.8 b/man/da/man8/nologin.8 index e17eceb7..3090b641 100644 --- a/man/da/man8/nologin.8 +++ b/man/da/man8/nologin.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: nologin .\" Author: Nicolas Fran\(,cois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Kommandoer for systemh\(oandtering -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Danish .\" -.TH "NOLOGIN" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Kommandoer for systemh\(oandterin" +.TH "NOLOGIN" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Kommandoer for systemh\(oandterin" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/da/man8/vipw.8 b/man/da/man8/vipw.8 index a3d6cf83..16b57f82 100644 --- a/man/da/man8/vipw.8 +++ b/man/da/man8/vipw.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: vipw .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Kommandoer for systemh\(oandtering -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Danish .\" -.TH "VIPW" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Kommandoer for systemh\(oandterin" +.TH "VIPW" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Kommandoer for systemh\(oandterin" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -36,29 +36,29 @@ vipw, vigr \- rediger adgangskoden, gruppe, shadow\-adgangskode\- eller shadow\- \fBvigr\fR [\fItilvalg\fR] .SH "BESKRIVELSE" .PP -Kommandoerne +The \fBvipw\fR -og +and \fBvigr\fR -redigerer filerne +commands edits the files /etc/passwd -og -/etc/group, respektivt\&. Med flaget +and +/etc/group, respectively\&. With the \fB\-s\fR -vil de redigere versionerne for Shadow for disse filer, +flag, they will edit the shadow versions of those files, /etc/shadow -og -/etc/gshadow, respektivt\&. Programmerne vil s\(aette de passende l\(oase for at forhindre fil\(/odel\(aeggelse\&. N\(oar der kigges efter et redigerngsprogram, s\(oa vil programmet \(/ofrst fors\(/oge med milj\(/ovariablen -\fB$VISUAL\fR, derefter milj\(/ovariablen -\fB$EDITOR\fR, og endelig standardredigeringsprogrammet, +and +/etc/gshadow, respectively\&. The programs will set the appropriate locks to prevent file corruption\&. When looking for an editor, the programs will first try the environment variable +\fB$VISUAL\fR, then the environment variable +\fB$EDITOR\fR, and finally the default editor, \fBvi\fR(1)\&. .SH "TILVALG" .PP -Tilvalgene som g\(aelder for kommandoerne +The options which apply to the \fBvipw\fR -og +and \fBvigr\fR -er: +commands are: .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR .RS 4 @@ -82,10 +82,11 @@ Stille tilstand\&. .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Brug \(aendringer i mappen +Apply changes in the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -og brug konfigurationsfilerne fra mappen -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shadow\fR @@ -101,9 +102,9 @@ Redigeringsprogram der skal bruges\&. .PP \fBREDIGERINGSPROGRAM\fR .RS 4 -Redigeringsprogram der skal bruges hvis +Editor to be used if \fBVISUAL\fR -ikke er angivet\&. +is not set\&. .RE .SH "FILER" .PP @@ -129,7 +130,8 @@ Information om sikret brugerkonto\&. .SH "SE OGS\(oA" .PP \fBvi\fR(1), -\fBgruppe\fR(5), -\fBgshadow\fR(5), +\fBgroup\fR(5), +\fBgshadow\fR(5) +, \fBpasswd\fR(5), , \fBshadow\fR(5)\&. diff --git a/man/de/Makefile.in b/man/de/Makefile.in index ef25bb6a..46602dc9 100644 --- a/man/de/Makefile.in +++ b/man/de/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -202,6 +203,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -247,6 +249,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -338,7 +341,7 @@ LANG = $(notdir $(CURDIR)) @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@USE_SHA_CRYPT_TRUE@SHA_CRYPT_COND = sha_crypt @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_FALSE@SUBIDS_COND = no_subids @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_TRUE@SUBIDS_COND = subids -CLEANFILES = .xml2po.mo $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml +CLEANFILES = messages.mo login.defs.d $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml all: all-am .SUFFIXES: @@ -359,8 +362,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(srcdir)/../generate_translations.mak $(srcdir)/../generate_mans.mak $(am__empty): @@ -557,7 +560,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ @@ -718,8 +724,19 @@ uninstall-man: uninstall-man1 uninstall-man3 uninstall-man5 \ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ $(MAKE) -C .. config.xml @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ cp ../config.xml $@ -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml ../po/$(LANG).po -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ xml2po --expand-all-entities -l $(LANG) -p ../po/$(LANG).po -o $@ ../$@ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@messages.mo: ../po/$(LANG).po +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ msgfmt ../po/$(LANG).po -o messages.mo + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@login.defs.d: +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ ln -sf ../login.defs.d login.defs.d + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml messages.mo login.defs.d +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ if grep -q SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE $< ; then \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE -->/<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ else \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^\(<!DOCTYPE .*docbookx.dtd"\)>/\1 [<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;]>/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ fi +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ itstool -d -l $(LANG) -m messages.mo -o . $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -i 's:\(^<refentry .*\)>:\1 lang="$(LANG)">:' $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml-config: %.xml diff --git a/man/de/man1/chage.1 b/man/de/man1/chage.1 index 90c681bf..ff529f02 100644 --- a/man/de/man1/chage.1 +++ b/man/de/man1/chage.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chage .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "CHAGE" "1" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" +.TH "CHAGE" "1" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,29 +34,29 @@ chage \- \(:andert die Information zum Passwortverfall \fBchage\fR [\fIOptionen\fR] \fIANMELDENAME\fR .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBchage\fR -ver\(:andert die Anzahl der Tage zwischen dem letzten Wechsel des Passworts und dem n\(:achsten Wechsel\&. Mit dieser Information bestimmt das System, wann ein Benutzer sein Passwort ver\(:andern muss\&. +command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change\&. This information is used by the system to determine when a user must change their password\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBchage\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-lastday\fR\ \&\fILETZTER_TAG\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-lastday\fR\ \&\fILAST_DAY\fR .RS 4 Legt die Anzahl der Tage, gerechnet ab dem 1\&. Januar 1970, fest, seit denen das Passwort das letzte Mal gewechselt wurde\&. Das Datum kann auch im Format JJJJ\-MM\-TT (oder in dem Format, das in Ihrer Region verbreitet ist) angegeben werden\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-E\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIVERFALLSDATUM\fR +\fB\-E\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 Setzt das Datum oder die Anzahl der Tage seit dem 1\&. Januar 1970, ab dem auf das Benutzerkonto nicht mehr zugegriffen werden kann\&. Das Datum kann auch im Format JJJJ\-MM\-TT (oder in dem Format, das in Ihrer Region verbreitet ist) angegeben werden\&. Ein Benutzer, dessen Konto gesperrt ist, muss sich mit dem Systemadministrator in Verbindung setzen, ehe er sich wieder am System anmelden kann\&. .sp -Wenn +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -als -\fIVERFALLSDATUM\fR -angegeben wird, wird das Verfallsdatum f\(:ur das Konto entfernt\&. +as the +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +will remove an account expiration date\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -64,17 +64,22 @@ angegeben wird, wird das Verfallsdatum f\(:ur das Konto entfernt\&. zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm .RE .PP -\fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINAKTIV\fR +\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-iso8601\fR .RS 4 -Legt die Anzahl der Tage der Unt\(:atigkeit fest, nach denen ein Passwort abgelaufen ist, bevor das Konto gesperrt wird\&. Die Option -\fIINAKTIV\fR -bezeichnet die Anzahl der Tage, f\(:ur die das Konto inaktiv ist\&. Ein Benutzer, dessen Konto gesperrt ist, muss sich mit dem Systemadministrator in Verbindung setzen, ehe er sich wieder am System anmelden kann\&. +When printing dates, use YYYY\-MM\-DD format\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR +.RS 4 +Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked\&. The +\fIINACTIVE\fR +option is the number of days of inactivity\&. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again\&. .sp -Wenn +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -als -\fIINAKTIV\fR -angegeben wird, wird die \(:Uberwachung der fehlenden Verwendung des Kontos entfernt\&. +as the +\fIINACTIVE\fR +will remove an account\*(Aqs inactivity\&. .RE .PP \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-list\fR @@ -82,65 +87,66 @@ angegeben wird, wird die \(:Uberwachung der fehlenden Verwendung des Kontos entf zeigt Informationen zur Kontoalterung an .RE .PP -\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_TAGE\fR +\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Setzt die Anzahl von Tagen, die mindestens zwischen zwei \(:Anderungen eines Passworts vergehen m\(:ussen, auf -\fIMIN_TAGE\fR\&. Ein Wert von Null in diesem Feld bedeutet, dass der Benutzer sein Passwort jederzeit \(:andern darf\&. +Set the minimum number of days between password changes to +\fIMIN_DAYS\fR\&. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_TAGE\fR +\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Bestimmt die maximale Anzahl von Tagen, die das Passwort g\(:ultig bleibt\&. Wenn -\fIMAX_TAGE\fR +Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid\&. When +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR plus -\fILETZTER_TAG\fR -\(:alter als das aktuelle Datum ist, muss der Benutzer sein Passwort \(:andern, ehe er sein Konto benutzen kann\&. Mit der Option +\fILAST_DAY\fR +is less than the current day, the user will be required to change their password before being able to use their account\&. This occurrence can be planned for in advance by use of the \fB\-W\fR -werden die Benutzer vor dem drohenden Verfall ihres Passworts gewarnt\&. +option, which provides the user with advance warning\&. .sp -Wenn +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -als -\fIMAX_TAGE\fR -angegeben wird, wird der Passwortverfall entfernt\&. +as +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR +will remove checking a password\*(Aqs validity\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_TAGE\fR +\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Legt die Anzahl der Tage fest, an denen der Benutzer eine Warnung erh\(:alt, bevor sein Passwort ge\(:andert werden muss\&. Die Option -\fIWARN_TAGE\fR -bezeichnet die Anzahl der Tage, f\(:ur die ein Benutzer vor Verfall seines Passworts gewarnt wird\&. +Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required\&. The +\fIWARN_DAYS\fR +option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned their password is about to expire\&. .RE .PP -Wenn keine Option ausgew\(:ahlt wird, arbeitet +If none of the options are selected, \fBchage\fR -interaktiv\&. Dabei wird der Benutzer nach den aktuellen Werten f\(:ur alle Felder befragt\&. Bei Eingabe eines neuen Wertes wird dieser verwendet, bei Eingabe einer Leerzeile stattdessen der Originalwert beibehalten\&. Der aktuelle Wert wird zwischen einem Paar von -\fB[ ]\fR -angezeigt\&. +operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields\&. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value\&. The current value is displayed between a pair of +\fI[ ]\fR +marks\&. .SH "ANMERKUNGEN" .PP -F\(:ur das Programm +The \fBchage\fR -ist es notwendig, dass eine Shadow\-Passwort\-Datei vorhanden ist\&. +program requires a shadow password file to be available\&. .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBchage\fR -kann nur von Root ausgef\(:uhrt werden\&. Alle anderen Benutzer k\(:onnen nur die Option +command is restricted to the root user, except for the \fB\-l\fR -verwenden, um die Verfallsdaten f\(:ur ihr Konto einzusehen\&. +option, which may be used by an unprivileged user to determine when their password or account is due to expire\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .SH "DATEIEN" .PP /etc/passwd @@ -154,28 +160,28 @@ verschl\(:usselte Informationen zu den Benutzerkonten .RE .SH "R\(:UCKGABEWERTE" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBchage\fR -gibt beim Beenden folgende Werte zur\(:uck: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -Erfolg +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -Berechtigung verweigert +permission denied .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -unzul\(:assige Syntax f\(:ur diesen Befehl +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI15\fR .RS 4 -Eine Shadow\-Passwort\-Datei kann nicht gefunden werden\&. +can\*(Aqt find the shadow password file .RE .SH "SIEHE AUCH" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man1/chfn.1 b/man/de/man1/chfn.1 index 29ee3f6d..af38fd67 100644 --- a/man/de/man1/chfn.1 +++ b/man/de/man1/chfn.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chfn .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "CHFN" "1" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" +.TH "CHFN" "1" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,53 +34,53 @@ chfn \- \(:andert den vollst\(:andigen Namen eines Benutzers und sonstige Inform \fBchfn\fR [\fIOptionen\fR] [\fIANMELDENAME\fR] .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBchfn\fR -\(:andert den vollst\(:andigen Namen, die B\(:urozimmernummer sowie die berufliche und private Telefonnummer f\(:ur ein Benutzerkonto\&. Diese Informationen werden typischerweise von +command changes user fullname, office room number, office phone number, and home phone number information for a user\*(Aqs account\&. This information is typically printed by \fBfinger\fR(1) -und \(:ahnlichen Programmen verwendet\&. Ein normaler Benutzer darf nur die Felder seines eigenen Kontos \(:andern und muss dabei zudem die Einschr\(:ankungen in -/etc/login\&.defs -beachten\&. So ist es Benutzern standardm\(:a\(ssig nicht m\(:oglich, ihren vollst\(:andigen Namen zu \(:andern\&. Root kann die Felder aller Konten ver\(:andern\&. Au\(sserdem darf nur Root mittels der Option +and similar programs\&. A normal user may only change the fields for her own account, subject to the restrictions in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. (The default configuration is to prevent users from changing their fullname\&.) The superuser may change any field for any account\&. Additionally, only the superuser may use the \fB\-o\fR -die undefinierten Teile des GECOS\-Feldes \(:andern\&. +option to change the undefined portions of the GECOS field\&. .PP -Diese Felder d\(:urfen keinen Doppelpunkt enthalten\&. Mit Ausnahme des Feldes -\fIsonstiges\fR -sollten sie kein Komma oder Gleichheitszeichen enthalten\&. Au\(sserdem wird abgeraten, andere Zeichen als US\-ASCII zu verwenden, aber nur f\(:ur die Telefonnummern ist dies zwingend\&. Das Feld -\fIsonstiges\fR -wird von anderen Anwendungen verwendet, um dort Informationen \(:uber das Konto abzuspeichern\&. +These fields must not contain any colons\&. Except for the +\fIother\fR +field, they should not contain any comma or equal sign\&. It is also recommended to avoid non\-US\-ASCII characters, but this is only enforced for the phone numbers\&. The +\fIother\fR +field is used to store accounting information used by other applications\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBchfn\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-full\-name\fR\ \&\fIVOLLST\(:ANDIGER_NAME\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-full\-name\fR\ \&\fIFULL_NAME\fR .RS 4 ver\(:andert den vollst\(:andigen Namen des Benutzers .RE .PP -\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-home\-phone\fR\ \&\fITEL_PRIV\fR +\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-home\-phone\fR\ \&\fIHOME_PHONE\fR .RS 4 \(:andert die private Telefonnummer des Benutzers .RE .PP -\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-other\fR\ \&\fISONSTIGES\fR +\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-other\fR\ \&\fIOTHER\fR .RS 4 Ver\(:andert die sonstigen Informationen \(:uber den Benutzer in der GECOS\-Zeile\&. In diesem Feld werden Kontoinformationen anderer Anwendungen gespeichert\&. Es kann nur vom Superuser ver\(:andert werden\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-room\fR\ \&\fIZIMMER_NUMMER\fR +\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-room\fR\ \&\fIROOM_NUMBER\fR .RS 4 \(:andert die Zimmernummer des Benutzers .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -88,62 +88,62 @@ durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm .RE .PP -\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-work\-phone\fR\ \&\fITEL_BERUF\fR +\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-work\-phone\fR\ \&\fIWORK_PHONE\fR .RS 4 ver\(:andert die berufliche Telefonnummer des Benutzers .RE .PP -Wenn keine Option ausgew\(:ahlt wird, arbeitet +If none of the options are selected, \fBchfn\fR -interaktiv\&. Dabei wird der Benutzer nach den aktuellen Werten f\(:ur alle Felder befragt\&. Bei Eingabe eines neuen Wertes wird dieser verwendet, bei keiner Eingabe stattdessen der Originalwert beibehalten\&. Der aktuelle Wert wird zwischen einem Paar von +operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields\&. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value\&. The current value is displayed between a pair of \fB[ ]\fR -angezeigt\&. Ohne Optionen fragt +marks\&. Without options, \fBchfn\fR -nach einem Benutzerkonto\&. +prompts for the current user account\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (boolesch) +\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Falls -\fIyes\fR, ben\(:otigt das Programm +If +\fIyes\fR, the \fBchfn\fR -eine Authentifizierung, bevor es \(:Anderungen vornimmt, sofern es nicht von Root ausgef\(:uhrt wird\&. +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (string) .RS 4 -Der Parameter bestimmt, welcher Wert in dem -\fIgecos\fR\-Feld von +This parameter specifies which values in the +\fIgecos\fR +field of the /etc/passwd -von gew\(:ohnlichen Benutzern mittels des Programms +file may be changed by regular users using the \fBchfn\fR -ge\(:andert werden darf\&. Er kann aus jeder Kombination der Buchstaben -\fIf\fR -,\fIr\fR, -\fIw\fR -und -\fIh\fR -bestehen\&. Diese Buchstaben stehen f\(:ur den vollst\(:andigen Namen, die Zimmernummer, die gesch\(:aftliche Telefonnummer und die private Telefonnummer\&. Zum Zweck der Abw\(:artskompatibilit\(:at entspricht +program\&. It can be any combination of letters +\fIf\fR, +\fIr\fR, +\fIw\fR, +\fIh\fR, for Full name, Room number, Work phone, and Home phone, respectively\&. For backward compatibility, \fIyes\fR +is equivalent to \fIrwh\fR -und +and \fIno\fR -\fIfrwh\fR\&. Falls nichts festgelegt wird, kann nur Root \(:Anderungen vornehmen\&. Die gr\(:o\(sste Einschr\(:ankung erreicht man besser, indem -chfn -nicht mit SUID\-Rechten ausgestattet wird\&. +is equivalent to +\fIfrwh\fR\&. If not specified, only the superuser can make any changes\&. The most restrictive setting is better achieved by not installing +\fBchfn\fR +SUID\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 Diese Zeichenkette wird bei der Eingabeaufforderung des Passworts (Prompt) verwendet\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig wird \(FcPassword: \(Fo oder eine \(:Ubersetzung davon benutzt\&. Wenn Sie diese Variable definieren, wird die Eingabeaufforderung nicht \(:ubersetzt\&. .sp -Wenn die Zeichenkette ein -\fI%s\fR -enth\(:alt, wird dies durch den Benutzernamen ersetzt\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man1/chsh.1 b/man/de/man1/chsh.1 index 61a5d4ff..f9b5107d 100644 --- a/man/de/man1/chsh.1 +++ b/man/de/man1/chsh.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chsh .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "CHSH" "1" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" +.TH "CHSH" "1" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,26 +34,27 @@ chsh \- \(:andert die Anmelde\-Shell \fBchsh\fR [\fIOptionen\fR] [\fIANMELDENAME\fR] .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBchsh\fR -\(:andert die Anmelde\-Shell eines Benutzers\&. Er legt den Befehl fest, der bei der Anmeldung ausgef\(:uhrt wird\&. Ein normaler Benutzer kann nur die Anmelde\-Shell seines eigenen Kontos \(:andern, w\(:ahrend Root dies f\(:ur alle Konten darf\&. +command changes the user login shell\&. This determines the name of the user\*(Aqs initial login command\&. A normal user may only change the login shell for her own account; the superuser may change the login shell for any account\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBchsh\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR @@ -61,43 +62,41 @@ durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis Der Name der neuen Anmelde\-Shell des Benutzers\&. Falls dieses Feld leer gelassen wird, verwendet das System die Standard\-Anmelde\-Shell\&. .RE .PP -Wenn die Option +If the \fB\-s\fR -nicht ausgew\(:ahlt ist, wird +option is not selected, \fBchsh\fR -im interaktiven Modus betrieben\&. Dabei wird der Benutzer mit der aktuellen Anmelde\-Shell zur Eingabe einer neuen aufgefordert\&. Durch Eingabe eines Wertes wird die Shell ge\(:andert, w\(:ahrend sie bei einer leeren Zeile beibehalten wird\&. Die aktuelle Shell wird zwischen einem Paar von +operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current login shell\&. Enter the new value to change the shell, or leave the line blank to use the current one\&. The current shell is displayed between a pair of \fI[ ]\fR -angezeigt\&. +marks\&. .SH "ANMERKUNGEN" .PP -Die einzige Beschr\(:ankung f\(:ur die Anmelde\-Shell ist, dass der Name des Befehls in der Datei -/etc/shells -enthalten sein muss\&. Root darf allerdings jeden beliebigen Befehl vergeben\&. Bei Konten, denen eine beschr\(:ankte Anmelde\-Shell zugewiesen ist, ist es nicht m\(:oglich, die Anmelde\-Shell zu \(:andern\&. Daher ist es nicht ratsam, +The only restriction placed on the login shell is that the command name must be listed in +/etc/shells, unless the invoker is the superuser, and then any value may be added\&. An account with a restricted login shell may not change her login shell\&. For this reason, placing /bin/rsh in /etc/shells -einzutragen, da ein Benutzer nicht zu seiner urspr\(:unglichen Anmelde\-Shell zur\(:uckwechseln kann, falls er versehentlich eine beschr\(:ankte Shell als Anmelde\-Shell ausw\(:ahlt\&. +is discouraged since accidentally changing to a restricted shell would prevent the user from ever changing her login shell back to its original value\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (boolesch) +\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Falls -\fIyes\fR, ben\(:otigt das Programm +If +\fIyes\fR, the \fBchsh\fR -eine Authentifizierung, bevor es \(:Anderungen vornimmt, sofern es nicht von Root ausgef\(:uhrt wird\&. +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 Diese Zeichenkette wird bei der Eingabeaufforderung des Passworts (Prompt) verwendet\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig wird \(FcPassword: \(Fo oder eine \(:Ubersetzung davon benutzt\&. Wenn Sie diese Variable definieren, wird die Eingabeaufforderung nicht \(:ubersetzt\&. .sp -Wenn die Zeichenkette ein -\fI%s\fR -enth\(:alt, wird dies durch den Benutzernamen ersetzt\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man1/expiry.1 b/man/de/man1/expiry.1 index 7a1b1620..2bed89e1 100644 --- a/man/de/man1/expiry.1 +++ b/man/de/man1/expiry.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: expiry .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" +.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,18 +34,14 @@ expiry \- \(:uberpr\(:uft die Regeln f\(:ur den Verfall des Passworts und setzt \fBexpiry\fR \fIOption\fR .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Mit der Option -\fB\-c\fR -\(:uberpr\(:uft der Befehl +The \fBexpiry\fR -den aktuellen Status des Verfalls des Passworts\&. Mit der Option -\fB\-f\fR -werden die notwendigen Ver\(:anderungen umgesetzt\&. Er kann von normalen Benutzern aufgerufen werden\&. +command checks (\fB\-c\fR) the current password expiration and forces (\fB\-f\fR) changes when required\&. It is callable as a normal user command\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBexpiry\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-check\fR .RS 4 diff --git a/man/de/man1/gpasswd.1 b/man/de/man1/gpasswd.1 index 7c63743f..af829e5c 100644 --- a/man/de/man1/gpasswd.1 +++ b/man/de/man1/gpasswd.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: gpasswd .\" Author: Rafal Maszkowski .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "GPASSWD" "1" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" +.TH "GPASSWD" "1" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -28,65 +28,63 @@ .\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE * .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .SH "NAME" -gpasswd \- verwaltet /etc/group und /etc/gshadow +gpasswd \- administer /etc/group and /etc/gshadow .SH "\(:UBERSICHT" .HP \w'\fBgpasswd\fR\ 'u \fBgpasswd\fR [\fIOption\fR] \fIGruppe\fR .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBgpasswd\fR -dient zur Verwaltung von -/etc/groupund /etc/gshadow\&. Jede Gruppe kann -Gruppenverwalter, -Mitglieder und ein Passwort haben\&. +command is used to administer +/etc/group, and /etc/gshadow\&. Every group can have +administrators, +members and a password\&. .PP -Der Systemadministrator kann mit der Option +System administrators can use the \fB\-A\fR -Gruppenverwalter bestimmen\&. Mit der Option +option to define group administrator(s) and the \fB\-M\fR -legt er die Mitglieder fest\&. Er besitzt alle Rechte, die Gruppenverwalter und Mitglieder haben k\(:onnen\&. +option to define members\&. They have all rights of group administrators and members\&. .PP -Wenn ein -Gruppenverwalter \fBgpasswd\fR -nur mit dem Gruppennamen aufruft, wird er aufgefordert, f\(:ur die -\fIGruppe\fR -ein neues Passwort zu vergeben\&. +called by +a group administrator +with a group name only prompts for the new password of the +\fIgroup\fR\&. .PP -Wenn ein Passwort vergeben wurde, k\(:onnen Mitglieder der Gruppe dennoch ohne Passwort +If a password is set the members can still use \fBnewgrp\fR(1) -ausf\(:uhren\&. Alle anderen Benutzer ben\(:otigen dazu das Passwort\&. +without a password, and non\-members must supply the password\&. .SS "Hinweise zu Gruppenpassw\(:ortern" .PP Gruppenpassw\(:orter beinhalten ein Sicherheitsrisiko, da mehrere Personen das Passwort kennen\&. Dennoch k\(:onnen sie sinnvoll sein, um die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Benutzern zu erleichtern\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Au\(sser die Optionen +Except for the \fB\-A\fR -und +and \fB\-M\fR -k\(:onnen die \(:ubrigen Optionen nicht zusammen verwendet werden\&. +options, the options cannot be combined\&. .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBgpasswd\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP -\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIBenutzer\fR +\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR .RS 4 -F\(:ugt den -\fIBenutzer\fR -der bezeichneten -\fIGruppe\fR -zu\&. +Add the +\fIuser\fR +to the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fIBenutzer\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR .RS 4 -entfernt den -\fIBenutzer\fR -aus der bezeichneten -\fIGruppe\fR +Remove the +\fIuser\fR +from the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -94,72 +92,73 @@ aus der bezeichneten zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm .RE .PP -\fB\-Q\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-Q\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-remove\-password\fR .RS 4 -Entfernt das Passwort der bezeichneten -\fIGruppe\fR\&. Das Gruppenpasswort wird leer sein\&. Damit k\(:onnen nur noch Gruppenmitglieder mit +Remove the password from the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. The group password will be empty\&. Only group members will be allowed to use \fBnewgrp\fR -zu der bezeichneten -\fIGruppe\fR -wechseln\&. +to join the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-restrict\fR .RS 4 -Schr\(:ankt den Zugang zur bezeichneten -\fIGruppe\fR -ein\&. Das Gruppenpasswort wird auf \(Fc!\(Fo gesetzt\&. Damit k\(:onnen nur noch Gruppenmitglieder mit einem Passwort mit +Restrict the access to the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. The group password is set to "!"\&. Only group members with a password will be allowed to use \fBnewgrp\fR -zu der bezeichneten -\fIGruppe\fR -wechseln\&. +to join the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-A\fR, \fB\-\-administrators\fR\ \&\fIBenutzer\fR, \&.\&.\&. +\fB\-A\fR, \fB\-\-administrators\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR,\&.\&.\&. .RS 4 Liste der Gruppenverwalter bestimmen .RE .PP -\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-members\fR\ \&\fIBenutzer\fR, \&.\&.\&. +\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-members\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR,\&.\&.\&. .RS 4 Liste der Mitglieder der Gruppe bestimmen .RE .SH "WARNUNGEN" .PP -Dieses Werkzeug bearbeitet nur -die Dateien /etc/group und /etc/gshadow\&. Sie k\(:onnen daher keine NIS\- oder LDAP\-Gruppen bearbeiten\&. Dies muss auf dem entsprechenden Server durchgef\(:uhrt werden\&. +This tool only operates on the +/etc/group +and /etc/gshadow files\&. +Thus you cannot change any NIS or LDAP group\&. This must be performed on the corresponding server\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Damit wird der standardm\(:a\(ssige Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus, mit dem Passw\(:orter verschl\(:usselt werden, bestimmt (soweit nicht in der Befehlszeile ein Algorithmus angegeben wird)\&. .sp -Ihm kann einer der folgenden Wert zugewiesen werden: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR (default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Hinweis: Dieser Parameter \(:uberschreibt die Variable -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (Zahl) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Maximale Anzahl von Mitgliedern je Gruppeneintrag\&. Wenn das Maximum erreicht wird, wird ein weiterer Eintrag in +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(mit dem gleichen Namen, dem gleichen Passwort und der gleichen GID) erstellt\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Der Standardwert ist 0, was zur Folge hat, dass die Anzahl der Mitglieder einer Gruppe nicht begrenzt ist\&. .sp @@ -170,32 +169,30 @@ Falls Sie eine solche Begrenzung ben\(:otigen, k\(:onnen Sie 25 verwenden\&. Hinweis: Aufgeteilte Gruppen werden m\(:oglicherweise nicht von allen Werkzeugen unterst\(:utzt, selbst nicht aus der Shadow\-Werkzeugsammlung\&. Sie sollten diese Variable nur setzen, falls Sie zwingend darauf angewiesen sind\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Legt fest, ob Passw\(:orter mit dem auf MD5 beruhenden Algorithmus verschl\(:usselt werden\&. Falls diesem Wert -\fIyes\fR -zugewiesen ist, werden neue Passw\(:orter mit dem auf MD5 beruhenden Algorithmus verschl\(:usselt, der zu dem in der aktuellen Ver\(:offentlichung von FreeBSD eingesetzten Algorithmus kompatibel ist\&. Passw\(:orter k\(:onnen dann beliebig lang sein, auch die Salt\-Zeichenketten sind l\(:anger\&. Setzen Sie diesen Wert auf -\fIno\fR, wenn Sie verschl\(:usselte Passw\(:orter auf ein anderes System kopieren m\(:ochten, das den neuen Algorithmus nicht versteht\&. Der Standardwert ist +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Dieser Variable geht die Variable +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -und eine Option auf der Befehlszeile, mit der der Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus bestimmt wird, vor\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Der Einsatz dieser Variable ist veraltet\&. Sie sollten -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -verwenden\&. +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (Zahl), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (Zahl) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Wenn +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -auf +is set to \fISHA256\fR -oder -\fISHA512\fR -gesetzt ist, legt dies die Anzahl der Runden von SHA fest, die standardm\(:a\(ssig vom Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus verwendet werden (falls die Anzahl der Runden nicht auf der Befehlszeile angegeben wird)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Je mehr Runden Sie definieren, umso schwieriger ist es, das Passwort mit sturem Durchprobieren (brute force) zu knacken; umso mehr Rechenleistung wird jedoch auch f\(:ur die Anmeldung eines Benutzers ben\(:otigt\&. .sp @@ -203,16 +200,16 @@ Falls Sie nichts angeben, wird libc die Standardanzahl der Runden festlegen (500 .sp Die Werte m\(:ussen zwischen 1000\-999\&.999\&.999 liegen\&. .sp -Falls nur der Wert f\(:ur +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -oder +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -festgelegt wird, wird dieser Wert verwendet\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Falls +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, wird der h\(:ohere Wert verwendet\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man1/groups.1 b/man/de/man1/groups.1 index 8ce80ffe..e210a320 100644 --- a/man/de/man1/groups.1 +++ b/man/de/man1/groups.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groups .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "GROUPS" "1" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" +.TH "GROUPS" "1" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,24 +34,22 @@ groups \- zeigt die aktuell verwendeten Gruppennamen an \fBgroups\fR [\fIBenutzer\fR] .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBgroups\fR -zeigt die momentan verwendeten Gruppennamen oder IDs an\&. Wenn einem Wert kein Eintrag in -/etc/group -entspricht, wird die Gruppennummer ausgegeben\&. Mit der Option +command displays the current group names or ID values\&. If the value does not have a corresponding entry in +/etc/group, the value will be displayed as the numerical group value\&. The optional \fIuser\fR -werden nur die Gruppen des bezeichneten -\fIBenutzers\fR -angezeigt\&. +parameter will display the groups for the named +\fIuser\fR\&. .SH "ANMERKUNGEN" .PP -Auf Systemen, die keine simultanen Gruppen unterst\(:utzen, werden die Informationen aus +Systems which do not support concurrent group sets will have the information from /etc/group -ausgegeben\&. Wenn der Benutzer seine tats\(:achliche und effektive Gruppen\-ID \(:andern will, muss er +reported\&. The user must use \fBnewgrp\fR -oder +or \fBsg\fR -verwenden\&. +to change his current real and effective group ID\&. .SH "DATEIEN" .PP /etc/group diff --git a/man/de/man1/id.1 b/man/de/man1/id.1 index 6762135a..603a04e7 100644 --- a/man/de/man1/id.1 +++ b/man/de/man1/id.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: id .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "ID" "1" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" +.TH "ID" "1" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/de/man1/login.1 b/man/de/man1/login.1 index 1615fbbb..5a0899d7 100644 --- a/man/de/man1/login.1 +++ b/man/de/man1/login.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "LOGIN" "1" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" +.TH "LOGIN" "1" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,80 +31,78 @@ login \- startet eine Sitzung auf dem System .SH "\(:UBERSICHT" .HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u -\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIRechner\fR] [\fIBenutzername\fR] [\fIENV=VAR\fR...] +\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIhost\fR] [\fIBenutzername\fR] [\fIENV=VAR\fR...] .HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u -\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIRechner\fR] \-f \fIBenutzername\fR +\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIhost\fR] \-f \fIBenutzername\fR .HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u -\fBlogin\fR [\-p] \-r\ \fIRechner\fR +\fBlogin\fR [\-p] \-r\ \fIhost\fR .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Das Programm +The \fBlogin\fR -wird verwendet, um eine neue Sitzung auf dem System zu starten\&. Es wird normalerweise automatisch als Antwort auf die -\fIlogin:\fR\-Eingabeaufforderung auf dem Terminal des Benutzers ausgef\(:uhrt\&. +program is used to establish a new session with the system\&. It is normally invoked automatically by responding to the +\fIlogin:\fR +prompt on the user\*(Aqs terminal\&. \fBlogin\fR -kann von der Shell besonders behandelt werden und kann nicht als Subprozess gestartet werden\&. Wenn +may be special to the shell and may not be invoked as a sub\-process\&. When called from a shell, \fBlogin\fR -von einer Shell aufgerufen wird, sollte es als +should be executed as \fBexec login\fR -ausgef\(:uhrt werden, so dass die aktuelle Shell des Benutzers beendet wird (und somit verhindert wird, dass der neue Benutzer in die Sitzung des alten zur\(:uckkehren kann)\&. Der Versuch, von einer Shell au\(sser der Anmelde\-Shell +which will cause the user to exit from the current shell (and thus will prevent the new logged in user to return to the session of the caller)\&. Attempting to execute \fBlogin\fR -auszuf\(:uhren, wird eine Fehlermeldung erzeugen\&. +from any shell but the login shell will produce an error message\&. .PP -Falls erforderlich, wird der Benutzer anschlie\(ssend nach einem Passwort gefragt\&. Dieses wird w\(:ahrend der Eingabe nicht angezeigt\&. Es sind nur eine kleine Anzahl von Anmeldeversuchen zul\(:assig, ehe +The user is then prompted for a password, where appropriate\&. Echoing is disabled to prevent revealing the password\&. Only a small number of password failures are permitted before \fBlogin\fR -abbricht und die Kommunikation getrennt wird\&. +exits and the communications link is severed\&. .PP -Falls der Passwortverfall f\(:ur Ihr Konto aktiviert wurde, kann es sein, dass Sie vor der weiteren Nutzung nach einem neuen Passwort gefragt werden\&. Sie m\(:ussen Ihr altes und neues Passwort angegeben, bevor Sie fortfahren k\(:onnen\&. In der Dokumentation zu +If password aging has been enabled for your account, you may be prompted for a new password before proceeding\&. You will be forced to provide your old password and the new password before continuing\&. Please refer to \fBpasswd\fR(1) -finden sich weitere Informationen\&. +for more information\&. .PP -Nach einer erfolgreichen Anmeldung werden Ihnen Systemmeldungen pr\(:asentiert, sowie das Vorhandensein von Mails angezeigt\&. Die Anzeige der systemweiten Nachrichtendatei -/etc/motd -kann abgeschaltet werden, indem im Anmeldeverzeichnis eine leere Datei +After a successful login, you will be informed of any system messages and the presence of mail\&. You may turn off the printing of the system message file, +/etc/motd, by creating a zero\-length file \&.hushlogin -angelegt wird\&. Je nach Zustand der Mailbox des Benutzers ist die Mailnachricht entweder \(Fc\fISie haben neue Mails\&.\fR\(Fo, \(Fc\fISie haben Mails\&.\fR\(Fo oder \(Fc\fIKeine Mails\&.\fR\(Fo\&. +in your login directory\&. The mail message will be one of "\fIYou have new mail\&.\fR", "\fIYou have mail\&.\fR", or "\fINo Mail\&.\fR" according to the condition of your mailbox\&. .PP -Die Benutzer\- und Gruppen\-IDs werden gem\(:a\(ss den Werten in +Your user and group ID will be set according to their values in the /etc/passwd -gesetzt\&. Die Werte f\(:ur +file\&. The value for \fB$HOME\fR, \fB$SHELL\fR, \fB$PATH\fR, -\fB$LOGNAME\fR -und +\fB$LOGNAME\fR, and \fB$MAIL\fR -werden ebenfalls entsprechend den Feldern im Passworteintrag gesetzt\&. Werte f\(:ur ulimit, umask und nice k\(:onnen ebenfalls gem\(:a\(ss den Werten im GECOS\-Feld gesetzt werden\&. +are set according to the appropriate fields in the password entry\&. Ulimit, umask and nice values may also be set according to entries in the GECOS field\&. .PP -Bei einigen Installationen wird anf\(:anglich die Umgebungsvariable +On some installations, the environmental variable \fB$TERM\fR -entsprechend dem Terminaltyp Ihrer tty\-Zeile, wie sie in -/etc/ttytype -angegeben ist, gesetzt\&. +will be initialized to the terminal type on your tty line, as specified in +/etc/ttytype\&. .PP Ein Startskript f\(:ur Ihren Befehlsinterpreter kann auch ausgef\(:uhrt werden\&. Sehen Sie bitte in den entsprechenden Handbuchseiten f\(:ur weitere Informationen dar\(:uber nach\&. .PP Eine Subsystem\-Anmeldung wird durch einen \(Fc*\(Fo als erstes Zeichen der Anmelde\-Shell gekennzeichnet\&. Das angegebene Home\-Verzeichnis wird als Wurzel f\(:ur das Dateisystem verwendet, auf welchem der Benutzer tats\(:achlich angemeldet ist\&. .PP -Es liegt NICHT in der Verantwortung von -\fBlogin\fR, Benutzer aus der utmp\-Datei zu entfernen\&. Sowohl +The +\fBlogin\fR +program is NOT responsible for removing users from the utmp file\&. It is the responsibility of \fBgetty\fR(8) -als auch +and \fBinit\fR(8) -sind daf\(:ur zust\(:andig, die offenkundige Eigent\(:umerstellung einer Terminalsitzung aufzur\(:aumen\&. Falls Sie +to clean up apparent ownership of a terminal session\&. If you use \fBlogin\fR -von der Shell ohne -\fBexec\fR -verwenden, wird der Benutzer, den Sie verwenden, weiterhin als angemeldet erscheinen, obwohl Sie die \(Fcuntergeordnete Sitzung\(Fo beendet haben\&. +from the shell prompt without +\fBexec\fR, the user you use will continue to appear to be logged in even after you log out of the "subsession"\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP \fB\-f\fR .RS 4 Keine Authentifizierung durchf\(:uhren, Benutzer ist bereits angemeldet\&. .sp -Hinweis: In diesem Fall muss -\fIBenutzername\fR -angegeben werden\&. +Note: In that case, +\fIusername\fR +is mandatory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR @@ -122,43 +120,42 @@ beh\(:alt die Umgebungseinstellungen bei f\(:uhrt das Autologin\-Protokoll f\(:ur rlogin aus .RE .PP -Die Optionen +The \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-h\fR -und +and \fB\-f\fR -k\(:onnen nur verwendet werden, wenn +options are only used when \fBlogin\fR -von Root ausgef\(:uhrt wird\&. +is invoked by root\&. .SH "WARNUNGEN" .PP -Diese Version von +This version of \fBlogin\fR -hat viele Optionen f\(:ur die Kompilierung, wobei eventuell nicht alle Optionen auf allen Systemen verwendet werden\&. +has many compilation options, only some of which may be in use at any particular site\&. .PP Der Ort der Konfigurationsdateien kann je nach Konfiguration des Systems unterschiedlich sein\&. .PP -Es liegt NICHT in der Verantwortung von -\fBlogin\fR, Benutzer aus der utmp\-Datei zu entfernen\&. Sowohl +The +\fBlogin\fR +program is NOT responsible for removing users from the utmp file\&. It is the responsibility of \fBgetty\fR(8) -als auch +and \fBinit\fR(8) -sind daf\(:ur zust\(:andig, die offenkundige Eigent\(:umerstellung einer Terminalsitzung aufzur\(:aumen\&. Falls Sie +to clean up apparent ownership of a terminal session\&. If you use \fBlogin\fR -von der Shell ohne -\fBexec\fR -verwenden, wird der Benutzer, den Sie verwenden, weiterhin als angemeldet erscheinen, obwohl Sie die \(Fcuntergeordnete Sitzung\(Fo beendet haben\&. +from the shell prompt without +\fBexec\fR, the user you use will continue to appear to be logged in even after you log out of the "subsession"\&. .PP -Wie bei jedem anderen Programm kann auch das Erscheinungsbild von -\fBlogin\fR -vorgespiegelt werden\&. Falls unseri\(:ose Benutzer physischen Zugriff auf den Rechner haben, kann dies von einem Angreifer verwendet werden, um das Passwort der Person zu erhalten, die sich als n\(:achste vor den Rechner setzt\&. In Linux k\(:onnen Benutzer den SAK\-Mechanismus verwenden, um einen vertrauensw\(:urdigen Pfad zu erstellen und somit diesem Angriff zu entgehen\&. +As with any program, +\fBlogin\fR\*(Aqs appearance can be faked\&. If non\-trusted users have physical access to a machine, an attacker could use this to obtain the password of the next person coming to sit in front of the machine\&. Under Linux, the SAK mechanism can be used by users to initiate a trusted path and prevent this kind of attack\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCONSOLE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBCONSOLE\fR (string) .RS 4 Die Konfiguration erfolgt entweder \(:uber die Angabe des vollen Pfadnamens einer Datei, welche die Namen der Ger\(:ate enth\(:alt (eines pro Zeile), oder mit einer Liste der Ger\(:atenamen, die mit \(Fc:\(Fo getrennt sind\&. Root kann sich nur auf diesen Ger\(:aten anmelden\&. .sp @@ -167,279 +164,268 @@ Wenn es unkonfiguriert gelassen wird, kann sich Root auf jedem Ger\(:at anmelden Das Ger\(:at soll ohne vorangestelltes /dev/ angegeben werden\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (string) .RS 4 -Liste von Gruppen, deren Mitglied der Benutzer wird, wenn der sich auf der Konsole anmeldet, die mit dem Parameter CONSOLE festgelegt wird\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig ist die Liste leer\&. +List of groups to add to the user\*(Aqs supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting)\&. Default is none\&. -Seien Sie vorsichtig\&. Benutzer k\(:onnen dauerhaft Zugang zu den Gruppen erlangen, auch wenn sie nicht auf der Konsole angemeldet sind\&. +Use with caution \- it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console\&. .RE .PP -\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolesch) +\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Legt fest, ob ein Login erlaubt wird, wenn mit cd nicht in das Home\-Verzeichnis gewechselt werden kann\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig wird dies nicht zugelassen\&. .sp -Falls auf -\fIyes\fR -gesetzt, wird der Benutzer mit dem Wurzelverzeichnis (/) angemeldet, wenn mit cd nicht in sein Home\-Verzeichnis gewechselt werden kann\&. +If set to +\fIyes\fR, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Wenn vergeben, wird damit die Umgebungsvariable HZ definiert, wenn sich ein Benutzer anmeldet\&. Dem Wert muss ein -\fIHZ=\fR -vorangestellt werden\&. Ein \(:ublicher Wert bei Linux ist +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_PATH\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENV_PATH\fR (string) .RS 4 -Wenn gesetzt, wird damit die Umgebungsvariable PATH definiert, wenn sich ein normaler Benutzer anmeldet\&. Der Wert ist eine Liste, deren Eintr\(:age durch Doppelpunkte getrennt sind (zum Beispiel -\fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR)\&. Ihr kann ein -\fIPATH=\fR -vorangestellt werden\&. Der Standardwert ist +If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular user login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example +\fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by +\fIPATH=\fR\&. The default value is \fIPATH=/bin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (string) .RS 4 -Wenn gesetzt, wird damit die Umgebungsvariable PATH definiert, wenn sich der Superuser anmeldet\&. Der Wert ist eine Liste, deren Eintr\(:age durch Doppelpunkte getrennt sind (zum Beispiel -\fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR)\&. Ihr kann ein -\fIPATH=\fR -vorangestellt werden\&. Der Standardwert ist +If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superuser login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example +\fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by +\fIPATH=\fR\&. The default value is \fIPATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Wenn gesetzt, wird damit die Umgebungsvariable TZ definiert, wenn sich ein Benutzer anmeldet\&. Der Wert kann der Name der Zeitzone sein, dem +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -vorausgeht (zum Beispiel -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), oder der vollst\(:andige Pfad der Datei, welche die Konfiguration der Zeitzone enth\(:alt (zum Beispiel +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Wenn ein vollst\(:andiger Pfadname angegeben wird, die Datei aber nicht existiert oder nicht lesbar ist, wird -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR -verwendet\&. +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Wenn diese Datei vorhanden ist, wird die Anmeldeumgebung aus ihr gelesen\&. Jede Zeile sollte die Form Name=Wert haben\&. .sp Zeilen, die mit einem # beginnen, werden als Kommentare behandelt und daher ignoriert\&. .RE .PP -\fBERASECHAR\fR (Zahl) +\fBERASECHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Das L\(:oschzeichen des Terminals (\fI010\fR -= R\(:ucktaste, +Terminal ERASE character (\fI010\fR += backspace, \fI0177\fR -= Entf)\&. += DEL)\&. .sp Wenn der Wert mit \(Fc0\(Fo beginnt, wird er als Oktalzahl gewertet, wenn er mit \(Fc0x\(Fo beginnt, als Hexadezimalzahl\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (Zahl) +\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (number) .RS 4 Wartezeit in Sekunden, ehe nach einem fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldeversuch ein neuer unternommen werden kann .RE .PP -\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -aktiviert die Protokollierung und Anzeige der Informationen zu fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldeversuchen in +Enable logging and display of /var/log/faillog +login failure info\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (string) .RS 4 -Falls angegeben, f\(:uhrt +If set, \fBlogin\fR -diese Shell anstelle der in -/etc/passwd -angegebenen Shell des Benutzers aus\&. +will execute this shell instead of the users\*(Aq shell specified in +/etc/passwd\&. .RE .PP -\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Falls angegeben, werden fehlgeschlagene Anmeldeversuche in dieser Datei im Format utmp protokolliert\&. .RE .PP -\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Falls angegeben, kann diese Datei die \(:ubliche Informationsanzeige w\(:ahrend des Anmeldevorgangs unterbinden\&. Wenn ein vollst\(:andiger Pfad angegeben wird, wird der Modus ohne Anmeldeinformationen verwendet, wenn der Name oder die Shell des Benutzers in der Datei enthalten sind\&. Wenn kein vollst\(:andiger Pfad angegeben wird, wird der Modus ohne Anmeldeinformationen aktiviert, wenn die Datei im Home\-Verzeichnis des Benutzers existiert\&. .RE .PP -\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Falls angegeben, wird diese Datei vor der Anmeldeaufforderung angezeigt\&. .RE .PP -\fBKILLCHAR\fR (Zahl) +\fBKILLCHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Das KILL\-Zeichen des Terminals (\fI025\fR +Terminal KILL character (\fI025\fR = CTRL/U)\&. .sp Wenn der Wert mit \(Fc0\(Fo beginnt, wird er als Oktalzahl gewertet, wenn er mit \(Fc0x\(Fo beginnt, als Hexadezimalzahl\&. .RE .PP -\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 aktiviert die Protokollierung und Anzeige der Informationen zu Anmeldezeiten in /var/log/lastlog .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (Zahl) +\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 maximale Anzahl von Anmeldeversuchen, wenn ein falsches Passwort eingegeben wird .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 Diese Zeichenkette wird bei der Eingabeaufforderung des Passworts (Prompt) verwendet\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig wird \(FcPassword: \(Fo oder eine \(:Ubersetzung davon benutzt\&. Wenn Sie diese Variable definieren, wird die Eingabeaufforderung nicht \(:ubersetzt\&. .sp -Wenn die Zeichenkette ein -\fI%s\fR -enth\(:alt, wird dies durch den Benutzernamen ersetzt\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (Zahl) +\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (number) .RS 4 H\(:ochstdauer f\(:ur einen Anmeldeversuch .RE .PP -\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (boolesch) +\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (boolean) .RS 4 aktiviert die Protokollierung erfolgreicher Anmeldungen .RE .PP -\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 aktiviert die Anzeige unbekannter Benutzernamen, wenn fehlgeschlagene Anmeldeversuche aufgezeichnet werden .sp Hinweis: Das Protokollieren unbekannter Benutzernamen kann ein Sicherheitsproblem darstellen, wenn ein Benutzer sein Passwort anstelle seines Anmeldenamens eingibt\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 aktiviert die Pr\(:ufung und Anzeige des Status der Mailbox bei der Anmeldung .sp Sie sollten dies abschalten, wenn schon die Startdateien der Shell die Mails pr\(:ufen (\(Fcmailx \-e\(Fo oder \(:ahnliches)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 Das Verzeichnis des Mail\-Spools\&. Diese Angabe wird ben\(:otigt, um die Mailbox zu bearbeiten, nachdem das entsprechende Benutzerkonto ver\(:andert oder gel\(:oscht wurde\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird ein Standard verwendet, der beim Kompilieren festgelegt wurde\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Legt den Ort der Mail\-Spool\-Dateien eines Benutzers relativ zu seinem Home\-Verzeichnis fest\&. .RE .PP -Die Variablen +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -und +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -werden von +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -und +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -verwendet, um den Mail\-Spool eines Benutzers zu erstellen, zu verschieben oder zu l\(:oschen\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Falls +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -auf -\fIyes\fR -gesetzt ist, werden sie auch verwendet, um die Umgebungsvariable +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the \fBMAIL\fR -festzulegen\&. +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Falls angegeben, eine Aufz\(:ahlung von Dateien, welche die bei der Anmeldung anzuzeigenden \(FcNachrichten des Tages\(Fo enth\(:alt\&. Die Dateien werden mit einem \(Fc:\(Fo getrennt\&. .RE .PP -\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Falls angegeben, der Name einer Datei, deren Existenz Anmeldungen au\(sser von Root verhindert\&. Der Inhalt der Datei sollte die Gr\(:unde enthalten, weshalb Anmeldungen untersagt sind\&. .RE .PP -\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -aktiviert die Auswertung der in -/etc/porttime -angegebenen Zeitbegrenzungen +Enable checking of time restrictions specified in +/etc/porttime\&. .RE .PP -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -aktiviert das Setzen von Resourcenbeschr\(:ankungen aus +Enable setting of resource limits from /etc/limits -und von ulimit, umask und niceness aus dem gecos\-Feld des Benutzers von passwd +and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYGROUP\fR (Zeichenkette), \fBTTYPERM\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBTTYGROUP\fR (string), \fBTTYPERM\fR (string) .RS 4 -Die Rechte des Terminals: Das Anmelde\-tty geh\(:ort der Gruppe +The terminal permissions: the login tty will be owned by the \fBTTYGROUP\fR -an, die Rechte werden auf -\fBTTYPERM\fR -gesetzt\&. +group, and the permissions will be set to +\fBTTYPERM\fR\&. .sp -Standardm\(:a\(ssig ist der Eigent\(:umer des Terminals die Hauptgruppe des Benutzers, die Rechte werden auf -\fI0600\fR -gesetzt\&. +By default, the ownership of the terminal is set to the user\*(Aqs primary group and the permissions are set to +\fI0600\fR\&. .sp \fBTTYGROUP\fR -kann der Gruppenname oder die als Zahl ausgedr\(:uckte Gruppen\-ID sein\&. +can be either the name of a group or a numeric group identifier\&. .sp -Wenn Sie ein -\fBwrite\fR\-Programm haben, das \(Fcsetgid\(Fo f\(:ur eine Gruppe besitzt, der das Terminal geh\(:ort, sollten Sie TTYGROUP die Gruppennummer und TTYPERM den Wert 0620 zuweisen\&. Oder Sie sollten TTYGROUP als Kommentar belassen und TTYPERM den Wert 622 oder 600 zuweisen\&. +If you have a +\fBwrite\fR +program which is "setgid" to a special group which owns the terminals, define TTYGROUP to the group number and TTYPERM to 0620\&. Otherwise leave TTYGROUP commented out and assign TTYPERM to either 622 or 600\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Falls angegeben, eine Datei, welche einer tty\-Zeile den Umgebungsparameter TERM zuweist\&. Jede Zeile hat das Format wie etwa \(Fcvt100 tty01\(Fo\&. .RE .PP -\fBULIMIT\fR (Zahl) +\fBULIMIT\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Standardwert von +Default \fBulimit\fR +value\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (Zahl) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 Die Bit\-Gruppe, welche die Rechte von erstellten Dateien bestimmt, wird anf\(:anglich auf diesen Wert gesetzt\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird sie auf 022 gesetzt\&. .sp \fBuseradd\fR -und +and \fBnewusers\fR -verwenden diese Bit\-Gruppe, um die Rechte des von ihnen erstellten Home\-Verzeichnisses zu setzen\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Sie wird auch von +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -verwendet, um die anf\(:angliche Umask eines Benutzers zu bestimmen\&. Beachten Sie, dass diese Bit\-Gruppe durch die GECOS\-Zeile des Benutzers (wenn +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -gesetzt wurde) oder die Festlegung eines Limits in -\fBlimits\fR(5) -mit der Kennung +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -\(:uberschrieben werden kann\&. +identifier in +\fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Erlaubt Benutzern, die nicht Root sind, die Umask\-Gruppen\-Bits auf ihre Umask\-Bits zu setzen (Beispiel: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007), falls die UID mit der GID identisch ist sowie der Benutzername mit dem Gruppennamen \(:ubereinstimmt\&. .sp -Wenn der Wert -\fIyes\fR -ist, wird +If set to +\fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -die Gruppe des Benutzers entfernen, falls sie keine Mitglieder mehr hat, und +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -wird standardm\(:a\(ssig eine Gruppe mit dem Namen des Benutzers erstellen\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man1/newgrp.1 b/man/de/man1/newgrp.1 index 4fc28173..06b1f94f 100644 --- a/man/de/man1/newgrp.1 +++ b/man/de/man1/newgrp.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newgrp .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" +.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,36 +34,38 @@ newgrp \- als neue Gruppe anmelden \fBnewgrp\fR [\-] [\fIGruppe\fR] .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Mit dem Befehl +The \fBnewgrp\fR -kann w\(:ahrend einer angemeldeten Sitzung die aktuelle Gruppen\-ID ge\(:andert werden\&. Wenn zus\(:atzlich der Schalter +command is used to change the current group ID during a login session\&. If the optional \fB\-\fR -angegeben wird, wird die Benutzerumgebung neu gestartet, so als ob sich der Benutzer neu angemeldet h\(:atte\&. Anderenfalls bleibt die aktuelle Umgebung einschlie\(sslich des aktuellen Arbeitsverzeichnisses unver\(:andert\&. +flag is given, the user\*(Aqs environment will be reinitialized as though the user had logged in, otherwise the current environment, including current working directory, remains unchanged\&. .PP \fBnewgrp\fR -wechselt von der aktuellen echten Gruppen\-ID zu der angegeben Gruppe oder, falls kein Gruppenname angegeben wird, zu der Standardgruppe, wie sie in +changes the current real group ID to the named group, or to the default group listed in /etc/passwd -festgelegt ist\&. Zudem versucht -\fBnewgrp\fR, die Gruppe der Gruppensammlung des Benutzers hinzuzuf\(:ugen\&. Wenn der Benutzer nicht Root ist und die Gruppe ein Passwort hat und der Benutzer nicht Mitglied der Gruppe ist oder kein Passwort hat (in -/etc/shadow, falls er einen Eintrag in der Shadow\-Passwort\-Datei hat, anderenfalls in -/etc/passwd), wird er nach einem Passwort gefragt\&. +if no group name is given\&. +\fBnewgrp\fR +also tries to add the group to the user groupset\&. If not root, the user will be prompted for a password if she does not have a password (in +/etc/shadow +if this user has an entry in the shadowed password file, or in +/etc/passwd +otherwise) and the group does, or if the user is not listed as a member and the group has a password\&. The user will be denied access if the group password is empty and the user is not listed as a member\&. .PP -Wenn sich in -/etc/gshadow -ein Eintrag f\(:ur diese Gruppe befindet, wird die Mitgliederliste und das Passwort der Gruppe dieser Datei entnommen\&. Anderenfalls wird der Eintrag in +If there is an entry for this group in +/etc/gshadow, then the list of members and the password of this group will be taken from this file, otherwise, the entry in /etc/group -ausgewertet\&. +is considered\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -aktiviert das Protokollieren der Aktivit\(:aten von +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsg\fR -in \(Fcsyslog\(Fo +activity\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man1/passwd.1 b/man/de/man1/passwd.1 index 63490a98..ec119fc3 100644 --- a/man/de/man1/passwd.1 +++ b/man/de/man1/passwd.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: passwd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "PASSWD" "1" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" +.TH "PASSWD" "1" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,18 +34,18 @@ passwd \- \(:andert das Passwort eines Benutzers \fBpasswd\fR [\fIOptionen\fR] [\fIANMELDENAME\fR] .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBpasswd\fR -\(:andert die Passw\(:orter von Benutzerkonten\&. Ein normaler Benutzer kann nur das Passwort seines Kontos ver\(:andern, der Superuser dagegen kann die Passw\(:orter aller Konten \(:andern\&. Mit +command changes passwords for user accounts\&. A normal user may only change the password for their own account, while the superuser may change the password for any account\&. \fBpasswd\fR -k\(:onnen auch die Informationen \(:uber das Konto und die G\(:ultigkeitsdauer des Passworts ver\(:andert werden\&. +also changes the account or associated password validity period\&. .SS "Ver\(:andern des Passworts" .PP Der Benutzer wird zuerst nach seinem alten Passwort gefragt, falls eines vorhanden ist\&. Dieses Passwort wird dann verschl\(:usselt und mit dem gespeicherten Passwort verglichen\&. Der Benutzer hat nur eine Gelegenheit, das richtige Passwort einzugeben\&. Der Superuser kann diesen Schritt \(:uberspringen, um so vergessene Passw\(:orter zu \(:andern\&. .PP -Nachdem das Passwort eingegeben wurde, werden Informationen \(:uber die G\(:ultigkeitsdauer des Passworts abgefragt, um festzustellen, ob der Benutzer das Passwort zu dieser Zeit ver\(:andern darf\&. Wenn nicht, lehnt +After the password has been entered, password aging information is checked to see if the user is permitted to change the password at this time\&. If not, \fBpasswd\fR -die \(:Anderung des Passworts ab und beendet sich\&. +refuses to change the password and exits\&. .PP Der Benutzer wird dann aufgefordert, zweimal ein neues Passwort einzugeben\&. Beide Eingaben werden miteinander verglichen\&. Sie m\(:ussen \(:ubereinstimmen, damit das Passwort ge\(:andert wird\&. .PP @@ -84,29 +84,30 @@ Ziffern 0 bis 9 Satzzeichen .RE .PP -Seien Sie vorsichtig, dass Sie nicht die standardm\(:a\(ssigen L\(:osch\- und Kill\-Zeichen des Systems eingeben\&. +Care must be taken not to include the system default erase or kill characters\&. \fBpasswd\fR -weist Passw\(:orter zur\(:uck, die nicht hinreichend komplex sind\&. +will reject any password which is not suitably complex\&. .SS "Hinweise zu Benutzerpassw\(:ortern" .PP -Die Sicherheit eines Passworts h\(:angt von der St\(:arke des Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus und von der Gr\(:o\(sse des Schl\(:usselraums ab\&. Die hergebrachte Verschl\(:usselung auf -\fIUNIX\fR\-Systemen basiert auf dem NBS\-DES\-Algorithmus\&. Heutzutage sind neuere Verschl\(:usselungsmethoden zu empfehlen (vergleiche -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR)\&. Die Gr\(:o\(sse des Schl\(:usselraums h\(:angt von der Zuf\(:alligkeit des gew\(:ahlten Passworts ab\&. +The security of a password depends upon the strength of the encryption algorithm and the size of the key space\&. The legacy +\fIUNIX\fR +System encryption method is based on the NBS DES algorithm\&. More recent methods are now recommended (see +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR)\&. The size of the key space depends upon the randomness of the password which is selected\&. .PP Gefahren f\(:ur die Sicherheit von Passw\(:ortern kommen gew\(:ohnlich von sorgloser Wahl oder Handhabung des Passworts\&. Daher sollten Sie kein Passwort w\(:ahlen, das in einem W\(:orterbuch auftaucht oder das aufgeschrieben werden muss\&. Das Passwort sollte somit kein echter Name, Ihr Autokennzeichen, Geburtstag oder Ihre Adresse sein\&. All das kann dazu verwendet werden, das Passwort zu erraten, und stellt daher eine Gefahr f\(:ur die Sicherheit Ihres Systems dar\&. .PP You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\&.org/wiki/Password_strength .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBpasswd\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR .RS 4 -Diese Option kann nur in Verbindung mit +This option can be used only with \fB\-S\fR -verwendet werden und f\(:uhrt dazu, dass der Status aller Benutzer angezeigt wird\&. +and causes show status for all users\&. .RE .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR @@ -124,11 +125,11 @@ L\(:asst das Passwort eines Kontos sofort verfallen\&. Im Ergebnis kann damit er zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm .RE .PP -\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINAKTIV\fR +\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 -Mit dieser Option wird ein Konto deaktiviert, nachdem das Passwort f\(:ur eine bestimmte Anzahl von Tagen abgelaufen ist\&. Wenn ein Benutzerkonto ein abgelaufenes Passwort f\(:ur l\(:anger als -\fIINAKTIV\fR -Tage hatte, kann sich der Benutzer nicht mehr auf diesem Konto anmelden\&. +This option is used to disable an account after the password has been expired for a number of days\&. After a user account has had an expired password for +\fIINACTIVE\fR +days, the user may no longer sign on to the account\&. .RE .PP \fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-keep\-tokens\fR @@ -140,17 +141,17 @@ Zeigt an, dass nur abgelaufene Passw\(:orter ge\(:andert werden sollen\&. Der Be .RS 4 Sperrt das Passwort des bezeichneten Kontos\&. Die Option schaltet ein Passwort ab, indem es ihm einen Wert zuweist, der mit keinem m\(:oglichen verschl\(:usselten Wert \(:ubereinstimmen kann\&. Dies geschieht, indem ein \(Fc!\(Fo dem Passwort vorangestellt wird\&. .sp -Beachten Sie, dass damit nicht das Konto deaktiviert wird\&. Der Benutzer kann sich immer noch mit einer anderen Authentifizierungsmethode (etwa einem SSH\-Schl\(:ussel) anmelden\&. Um ein Konto abzuschalten, sollte der Administrator +Note that this does not disable the account\&. The user may still be able to login using another authentication token (e\&.g\&. an SSH key)\&. To disable the account, administrators should use \fBusermod \-\-expiredate 1\fR -verwenden; dies setzt das Verfallsdatum des Kontos auf den 2\&. Januar 1970\&. +(this set the account\*(Aqs expire date to Jan 2, 1970)\&. .sp Benutzer mit einem gesperrten Passwort k\(:onnen dieses nicht \(:andern\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_TAGE\fR +\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Setzt die Anzahl von Tagen, die mindestens zwischen zwei \(:Anderungen eines Passworts vergehen m\(:ussen, auf -\fIMIN_TAGE\fR\&. Ein Wert von Null in diesem Feld bedeutet, dass der Benutzer sein Passwort jederzeit \(:andern darf\&. +Set the minimum number of days between password changes to +\fIMIN_DAYS\fR\&. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time\&. .RE .PP \fB\-q\fR, \fB\-\-quiet\fR @@ -158,18 +159,20 @@ Setzt die Anzahl von Tagen, die mindestens zwischen zwei \(:Anderungen eines Pas stiller Modus .RE .PP -\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-repository\fR\ \&\fIDEPOT\fR +\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-repository\fR\ \&\fIREPOSITORY\fR .RS 4 -\(:andert das Passwort im Depot -\fIDEPOT\fR +change password in +\fIREPOSITORY\fR +repository .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-S\fR, \fB\-\-status\fR @@ -179,29 +182,28 @@ Zeigt Informationen \(:uber den Kontostatus an\&. Die Statusinformation besteht .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-unlock\fR .RS 4 -Entsperrt das bezeichnete Konto\&. Diese Option reaktiviert ein Konto wieder, indem das Passwort auf seinen alten Wert zur\(:uckgesetzt wird, den es hatte, bevor die Option +Unlock the password of the named account\&. This option re\-enables a password by changing the password back to its previous value (to the value before using the \fB\-l\fR -verwendet wurde\&. +option)\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_TAGE\fR +\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Legt die Anzahl der Tage fest, an denen der Benutzer eine Warnung erh\(:alt, bevor sein Passwort ung\(:ultig wird\&. Die Option -\fIWARN_TAGE\fR -bezeichnet die Anzahl der Tage, f\(:ur die ein Benutzer vor Verfall seines Passworts gewarnt wird\&. +Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required\&. The +\fIWARN_DAYS\fR +option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned that their password is about to expire\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-x\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_TAGE\fR +\fB\-x\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Bestimmt die maximale Anzahl von Tagen, die das Passwort g\(:ultig bleibt\&. Nach -\fIMAX_TAGE\fR -Tagen muss das Passwort ge\(:andert werden\&. +Set the maximum number of days a password remains valid\&. After +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR, the password is required to be changed\&. .sp -Wenn +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -als -\fIMAX_TAGE\fR -angegeben wird, wird der Passwortverfall entfernt\&. +as +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR +will remove checking a password\*(Aqs validity\&. .RE .SH "WARNUNGEN" .PP @@ -210,75 +212,73 @@ Die Komplexit\(:at der Passwortpr\(:ufung kann sich auf verschiedenen Systemen u Benutzer k\(:onnen unter Umst\(:anden ihr Passwort nicht \(:andern, wenn auf dem System NIS aktiviert ist, sie aber nicht am NIS\-Server angemeldet sind\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Damit wird der standardm\(:a\(ssige Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus, mit dem Passw\(:orter verschl\(:usselt werden, bestimmt (soweit nicht in der Befehlszeile ein Algorithmus angegeben wird)\&. .sp -Ihm kann einer der folgenden Wert zugewiesen werden: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR (default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Hinweis: Dieser Parameter \(:uberschreibt die Variable -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Legt fest, ob Passw\(:orter mit dem auf MD5 beruhenden Algorithmus verschl\(:usselt werden\&. Falls diesem Wert -\fIyes\fR -zugewiesen ist, werden neue Passw\(:orter mit dem auf MD5 beruhenden Algorithmus verschl\(:usselt, der zu dem in der aktuellen Ver\(:offentlichung von FreeBSD eingesetzten Algorithmus kompatibel ist\&. Passw\(:orter k\(:onnen dann beliebig lang sein, auch die Salt\-Zeichenketten sind l\(:anger\&. Setzen Sie diesen Wert auf -\fIno\fR, wenn Sie verschl\(:usselte Passw\(:orter auf ein anderes System kopieren m\(:ochten, das den neuen Algorithmus nicht versteht\&. Der Standardwert ist +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Dieser Variable geht die Variable +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -und eine Option auf der Befehlszeile, mit der der Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus bestimmt wird, vor\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Der Einsatz dieser Variable ist veraltet\&. Sie sollten -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -verwenden\&. +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Aktiviert zus\(:atzliche Tests bei der Ver\(:anderung eines Passworts\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (boolesch) +\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (boolean) .RS 4 weist auf schwache Passw\(:orter hin (aber l\(:asst sie zu), falls Sie root sind .RE .PP -\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 maximale Anzahl von Versuchen, ein Passwort zu \(:andern, wenn dies wegen zu geringer St\(:arke des gew\(:ahlten Passworts abgelehnt wurde .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (Zahl), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (number), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Anzahl der von crypt() ber\(:ucksichtigten Zeichen des Passworts\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig ist +Number of significant characters in the password for crypt()\&. \fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR -8\&. Diese Option wird ignoriert, wenn +is 8 by default\&. Don\*(Aqt change unless your crypt() is better\&. This is ignored if \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -auf -\fIyes\fR -gesetzt ist\&. +set to +\fIyes\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (Zahl), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (Zahl) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Wenn +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -auf +is set to \fISHA256\fR -oder -\fISHA512\fR -gesetzt ist, legt dies die Anzahl der Runden von SHA fest, die standardm\(:a\(ssig vom Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus verwendet werden (falls die Anzahl der Runden nicht auf der Befehlszeile angegeben wird)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Je mehr Runden Sie definieren, umso schwieriger ist es, das Passwort mit sturem Durchprobieren (brute force) zu knacken; umso mehr Rechenleistung wird jedoch auch f\(:ur die Anmeldung eines Benutzers ben\(:otigt\&. .sp @@ -286,16 +286,16 @@ Falls Sie nichts angeben, wird libc die Standardanzahl der Runden festlegen (500 .sp Die Werte m\(:ussen zwischen 1000\-999\&.999\&.999 liegen\&. .sp -Falls nur der Wert f\(:ur +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -oder +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -festgelegt wird, wird dieser Wert verwendet\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Falls +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, wird der h\(:ohere Wert verwendet\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP @@ -315,51 +315,51 @@ Konfiguration der Shadow\-Passwort\-Werkzeugsammlung .RE .SH "R\(:UCKGABEWERTE" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBpasswd\fR -gibt beim Beenden folgende Werte zur\(:uck: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -Erfolg +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -Berechtigung verweigert +permission denied .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -ung\(:ultige Kombination von Optionen +invalid combination of options .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -unerwarteter Fehler, nichts wurde ver\(:andert +unexpected failure, nothing done .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -unerwarteter Fehler, die Datei +unexpected failure, passwd -fehlt +file missing .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -Datei passwd -wird benutzt, bitte nochmal versuchen +file busy, try again .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -ung\(:ultiges Argument f\(:ur Option +invalid argument to option .RE .SH "SIEHE AUCH" .PP \fBchpasswd\fR(8), \fBpasswd\fR(5), \fBshadow\fR(5), -\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),\fBusermod\fR(8)\&. +\fBlogin.defs\fR(5), +\fBusermod\fR(8)\&. diff --git a/man/de/man1/sg.1 b/man/de/man1/sg.1 index c3b3f59d..bda7c050 100644 --- a/man/de/man1/sg.1 +++ b/man/de/man1/sg.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: sg .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "SG" "1" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" +.TH "SG" "1" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,39 +31,40 @@ sg \- f\(:uhrt einen Befehl unter einer anderen Gruppen\-ID aus .SH "\(:UBERSICHT" .HP \w'\fBsg\fR\ 'u -\fBsg\fR [\-] [Gruppe\ [\-c]\ Befehl] +\fBsg\fR [\-] [group\ [\-c\ ]\ command] .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBsg\fR -funktioniert so \(:ahnlich wie der Befehl -\fBnewgrp\fR, \(:ubernimmt aber auch einen Befehl\&. Dieser Befehl wird in der Shell +command works similar to +\fBnewgrp\fR +but accepts a command\&. The command will be executed with the /bin/sh -ausgef\(:uhrt\&. Bei den meisten Shells, in denen Sie +shell\&. With most shells you may run \fBsg\fR -ausf\(:uhren, m\(:ussen Sie die Befehle, die aus mehrere W\(:ortern bestehen, in Anf\(:uhrungszeichen einfassen\&. Ein weiterer Unterschied zwischen +from, you need to enclose multi\-word commands in quotes\&. Another difference between \fBnewgrp\fR -und +and \fBsg\fR -ist, dass einige Shells +is that some shells treat \fBnewgrp\fR -besonders behandeln: sie ersetzen sich mit einer neuen Instanz der Shell, die von +specially, replacing themselves with a new instance of a shell that \fBnewgrp\fR -erzeugt wurde\&. Dies geschieht nicht mit -\fBsg\fR, daher werden Sie nach Beenden des Befehls +creates\&. This doesn\*(Aqt happen with +\fBsg\fR, so upon exit from a \fBsg\fR -zu Ihrer vorherigen Gruppen\-ID zur\(:uckkehren\&. +command you are returned to your previous group ID\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -aktiviert das Protokollieren der Aktivit\(:aten von +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsg\fR -in \(Fcsyslog\(Fo +activity\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man1/su.1 b/man/de/man1/su.1 index b66c5427..7b5bfeb7 100644 --- a/man/de/man1/su.1 +++ b/man/de/man1/su.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: su .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "SU" "1" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" +.TH "SU" "1" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dienstprogramme f\(:ur Benutzer" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -55,31 +55,30 @@ option is special: it is also recognized after .PP Der Benutzer wird gegebenenfalls nach einem Passwort gefragt\&. Ung\(:ultige Passworteingaben werden eine Fehlermeldung erzeugen\&. Sowohl erfolgreiche als auch misslungene Versuche werden protokolliert, um Missbrauch des Systems zu entdecken\&. .PP -Die aktuelle Umgebung wird an die neue Shell \(:ubergeben\&. Der Wert von +The current environment is passed to the new shell\&. The value of \fB$PATH\fR -wird f\(:ur normale Benutzer auf +is reset to /bin:/usr/bin -gesetzt, f\(:ur Root auf -/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\&. Dieses Verhalten kann durch die Definition von +for normal users, or +/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin +for the superuser\&. This may be changed with the \fBENV_PATH\fR -und +and \fBENV_SUPATH\fR -in -/etc/login\&.defs -ge\(:andert werden\&. +definitions in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .PP Eine Subsystem\-Anmeldung wird durch einen \(Fc*\(Fo als erstes Zeichen der Anmelde\-Shell gekennzeichnet\&. Das angegebene Home\-Verzeichnis wird als Wurzel f\(:ur das Dateisystem verwendet, auf welchem der Benutzer tats\(:achlich angemeldet ist\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBsu\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-command\fR\ \&\fIBEFEHL\fR +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-command\fR\ \&\fICOMMAND\fR .RS 4 -gibt einen Befehl an, der von der Shell mittels ihrer Option -\fB\-c\fR -ausgef\(:uhrt wird +Specify a command that will be invoked by the shell using its +\fB\-c\fR\&. .sp The executed command will have no controlling terminal\&. This option cannot be used to execute interactive programs which need a controlling TTY\&. .RE @@ -101,139 +100,136 @@ and .RS 4 die Shell, die gestartet wird .sp -Die aufgerufene Shell wird bestimmt durch (h\(:ochste Priorit\(:at zuerst): +The invoked shell is chosen from (highest priority first): .PP .RS 4 -die Shell, die mit \-\-shell angegeben wurde +The shell specified with \-\-shell\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Falls +If \fB\-\-preserve\-environment\fR -verwendet wird, die Shell, die durch die Umgebungsvariable +is used, the shell specified by the \fB$SHELL\fR -festgelegt wird\&. +environment variable\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -die Shell, die in +The shell indicated in the /etc/passwd -f\(:ur den Zielbenutzer angegeben ist +entry for the target user\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -/bin/sh, falls durch die obigen Methoden keine Shell gefunden werden kann +/bin/sh +if a shell could not be found by any above method\&. .RE .sp -Falls der Zielbenutzer eine beschr\(:ankte Shell hat (d\&.h\&. das Feld f\(:ur die Shell im Eintrag des Benutzers in +If the target user has a restricted shell (i\&.e\&. the shell field of this user\*(Aqs entry in /etc/passwd -ist nicht in -/etc/shells) aufgef\(:uhrt), werden die Option +is not listed in +/etc/shells), then the \fB\-\-shell\fR -und die Umgebungsvariable +option or the \fB$SHELL\fR -nicht beachtet, sofern +environment variable won\*(Aqt be taken into account, unless \fBsu\fR -nicht von Root aufgerufen wird\&. +is called by root\&. .RE .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-preserve\-environment\fR .RS 4 -Erh\(:alt die aktuelle Umgebung mit Ausnahme von: +Preserve the current environment, except for: .PP \fB$PATH\fR .RS 4 -auf den Ausgangswert entsprechend der Optionen +reset according to the +/etc/login\&.defs +options \fBENV_PATH\fR -oder +or \fBENV_SUPATH\fR -in -/etc/login\&.defs -zur\(:ucksetzen (siehe unten); +(see below); .RE .PP \fB$IFS\fR .RS 4 -auf -\(Bq<space><tab><newline>\(lq -zur\(:ucksetzen, falls es ver\(:andert wurde +reset to +\(Bq<space><tab><newline>\(lq, if it was set\&. .RE .sp -Falls der Zielbenutzer eine beschr\(:ankte Shell besitzt, hat diese Option keinen Effekt (sofern +If the target user has a restricted shell, this option has no effect (unless \fBsu\fR -nicht von Root aufgerufen wird)\&. +is called by root)\&. .sp -Beachten Sie, dass Folgendes das Standardverhalten f\(:ur die Umgebung ist: +Note that the default behavior for the environment is the following: .PP .RS 4 -Die Umgebungsvariablen +The \fB$HOME\fR, \fB$SHELL\fR, \fB$USER\fR, \fB$LOGNAME\fR, -\fB$PATH\fR -und +\fB$PATH\fR, and \fB$IFS\fR -werden zur\(:uckgesetzt\&. +environment variables are reset\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Falls nicht +If \fB\-\-login\fR -verwendet wurde, wird die Umgebung mit der Ausnahme der genannten Variablen kopiert\&. +is not used, the environment is copied, except for the variables above\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Falls +If \fB\-\-login\fR -verwendet wurde, werden die Variablen +is used, the \fB$TERM\fR, \fB$COLORTERM\fR, -\fB$DISPLAY\fR -und +\fB$DISPLAY\fR, and \fB$XAUTHORITY\fR -\(:ubernommen, wenn ihnen ein Wert zugewiesen wurde\&. +environment variables are copied if they were set\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Falls +If \fB\-\-login\fR -verwendet wurde, werden die Umgebungsvariablen +is used, the \fB$TZ\fR, -\fB$HZ\fR -und +\fB$HZ\fR, and \fB$MAIL\fR -auf die in +environment variables are set according to the /etc/login\&.defs -definierten Optionen +options \fBENV_TZ\fR, \fBENV_HZ\fR, -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR -und +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR, and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -(siehe unten) gesetzt\&. +(see below)\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Wenn +If \fB\-\-login\fR -verwendet wird, k\(:onnen andere Umgebungsvariablen mit der Datei +is used, other environment variables might be set by the \fBENVIRON_FILE\fR -vergeben werden (siehe unten)\&. +file (see below)\&. .RE +.sp .RE .SH "WARNUNGEN" .PP -Diese Version von +This version of \fBsu\fR -hat viele Kompilierungsoptionen\&. Deren N\(:utzlichkeit h\(:angt von den Anforderungen der jeweiligen Umgebung ab\&. +has many compilation options, only some of which may be in use at any particular site\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCONSOLE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBCONSOLE\fR (string) .RS 4 Die Konfiguration erfolgt entweder \(:uber die Angabe des vollen Pfadnamens einer Datei, welche die Namen der Ger\(:ate enth\(:alt (eines pro Zeile), oder mit einer Liste der Ger\(:atenamen, die mit \(Fc:\(Fo getrennt sind\&. Root kann sich nur auf diesen Ger\(:aten anmelden\&. .sp @@ -242,161 +238,153 @@ Wenn es unkonfiguriert gelassen wird, kann sich Root auf jedem Ger\(:at anmelden Das Ger\(:at soll ohne vorangestelltes /dev/ angegeben werden\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (string) .RS 4 -Liste von Gruppen, deren Mitglied der Benutzer wird, wenn der sich auf der Konsole anmeldet, die mit dem Parameter CONSOLE festgelegt wird\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig ist die Liste leer\&. +List of groups to add to the user\*(Aqs supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting)\&. Default is none\&. -Seien Sie vorsichtig\&. Benutzer k\(:onnen dauerhaft Zugang zu den Gruppen erlangen, auch wenn sie nicht auf der Konsole angemeldet sind\&. +Use with caution \- it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console\&. .RE .PP -\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolesch) +\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Legt fest, ob ein Login erlaubt wird, wenn mit cd nicht in das Home\-Verzeichnis gewechselt werden kann\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig wird dies nicht zugelassen\&. .sp -Falls auf -\fIyes\fR -gesetzt, wird der Benutzer mit dem Wurzelverzeichnis (/) angemeldet, wenn mit cd nicht in sein Home\-Verzeichnis gewechselt werden kann\&. +If set to +\fIyes\fR, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Wenn vergeben, wird damit die Umgebungsvariable HZ definiert, wenn sich ein Benutzer anmeldet\&. Dem Wert muss ein -\fIHZ=\fR -vorangestellt werden\&. Ein \(:ublicher Wert bei Linux ist +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Wenn diese Datei vorhanden ist, wird die Anmeldeumgebung aus ihr gelesen\&. Jede Zeile sollte die Form Name=Wert haben\&. .sp Zeilen, die mit einem # beginnen, werden als Kommentare behandelt und daher ignoriert\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_PATH\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENV_PATH\fR (string) .RS 4 -Wenn gesetzt, wird damit die Umgebungsvariable PATH definiert, wenn sich ein normaler Benutzer anmeldet\&. Der Wert ist eine Liste, deren Eintr\(:age durch Doppelpunkte getrennt sind (zum Beispiel -\fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR)\&. Ihr kann ein -\fIPATH=\fR -vorangestellt werden\&. Der Standardwert ist +If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular user login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example +\fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by +\fIPATH=\fR\&. The default value is \fIPATH=/bin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (string) .RS 4 -Wenn gesetzt, wird damit die Umgebungsvariable PATH definiert, wenn sich der Superuser anmeldet\&. Der Wert ist eine Liste, deren Eintr\(:age durch Doppelpunkte getrennt sind (zum Beispiel -\fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR)\&. Ihr kann ein -\fIPATH=\fR -vorangestellt werden\&. Der Standardwert ist +If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superuser login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example +\fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by +\fIPATH=\fR\&. The default value is \fIPATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Wenn gesetzt, wird damit die Umgebungsvariable TZ definiert, wenn sich ein Benutzer anmeldet\&. Der Wert kann der Name der Zeitzone sein, dem +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -vorausgeht (zum Beispiel -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), oder der vollst\(:andige Pfad der Datei, welche die Konfiguration der Zeitzone enth\(:alt (zum Beispiel +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Wenn ein vollst\(:andiger Pfadname angegeben wird, die Datei aber nicht existiert oder nicht lesbar ist, wird -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR -verwendet\&. +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 Diese Zeichenkette wird bei der Eingabeaufforderung des Passworts (Prompt) verwendet\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig wird \(FcPassword: \(Fo oder eine \(:Ubersetzung davon benutzt\&. Wenn Sie diese Variable definieren, wird die Eingabeaufforderung nicht \(:ubersetzt\&. .sp -Wenn die Zeichenkette ein -\fI%s\fR -enth\(:alt, wird dies durch den Benutzernamen ersetzt\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 aktiviert die Pr\(:ufung und Anzeige des Status der Mailbox bei der Anmeldung .sp Sie sollten dies abschalten, wenn schon die Startdateien der Shell die Mails pr\(:ufen (\(Fcmailx \-e\(Fo oder \(:ahnliches)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 Das Verzeichnis des Mail\-Spools\&. Diese Angabe wird ben\(:otigt, um die Mailbox zu bearbeiten, nachdem das entsprechende Benutzerkonto ver\(:andert oder gel\(:oscht wurde\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird ein Standard verwendet, der beim Kompilieren festgelegt wurde\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Legt den Ort der Mail\-Spool\-Dateien eines Benutzers relativ zu seinem Home\-Verzeichnis fest\&. .RE .PP -Die Variablen +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -und +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -werden von +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -und +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -verwendet, um den Mail\-Spool eines Benutzers zu erstellen, zu verschieben oder zu l\(:oschen\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Falls +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -auf -\fIyes\fR -gesetzt ist, werden sie auch verwendet, um die Umgebungsvariable +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the \fBMAIL\fR -festzulegen\&. +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -aktiviert das Setzen von Resourcenbeschr\(:ankungen aus +Enable setting of resource limits from /etc/limits -und von ulimit, umask und niceness aus dem gecos\-Feld des Benutzers von passwd +and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .RE .PP -\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Wenn angegeben, wird jeder Aufruf von su in dieser Datei protokolliert\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_NAME\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBSU_NAME\fR (string) .RS 4 Damit kann die Anzeige des Namens des Befehls festgelegt werden, wenn \(Fcsu \-\(Fo ausgef\(:uhrt wird\&. Wenn beispielsweise dies auf \(Fcsu\(Fo gesetzt wurde, zeigt \(Fcps\(Fo den Befehl als \(Fc\-su\(Fo an\&. Wenn es dagegen nicht vergeben wurde, wird \(Fcps\(Fo den Namen der Shell anzeigen, die ausgef\(:uhrt wird, also etwa \(Fc\-sh\(Fo\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (boolesch) +\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Falls -\fIyes\fR, muss der Benutzer Mitglied der ersten Gruppe mit der GID 0 in +If +\fIyes\fR, the user must be listed as a member of the first gid 0 group in /etc/group -sein (auf den meisten Linux\-Systemen hei\(sst die -\fIroot\fR), um mit +(called +\fIroot\fR +on most Linux systems) to be able to \fBsu\fR -zu einem Konto mit der UID 0 wechseln zu k\(:onnen\&. Falls die Gruppe nicht existiert oder keine Mitglieder hat, kann niemand mittels +to uid 0 accounts\&. If the group doesn\*(Aqt exist or is empty, no one will be able to \fBsu\fR -zur UID 0 wechseln\&. +to uid 0\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -aktiviert das Protokollieren der Aktivit\(:aten von +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsu\fR -in \(Fcsyslog\(Fo neben der Protokollierung in der sulog\-Datei +activity \- in addition to sulog file logging\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Erlaubt Benutzern, die nicht Root sind, die Umask\-Gruppen\-Bits auf ihre Umask\-Bits zu setzen (Beispiel: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007), falls die UID mit der GID identisch ist sowie der Benutzername mit dem Gruppennamen \(:ubereinstimmt\&. .sp -Wenn der Wert -\fIyes\fR -ist, wird +If set to +\fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -die Gruppe des Benutzers entfernen, falls sie keine Mitglieder mehr hat, und +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -wird standardm\(:a\(ssig eine Gruppe mit dem Namen des Benutzers erstellen\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP @@ -416,41 +404,41 @@ Konfiguration der Shadow\-Passwort\-Werkzeugsammlung .RE .SH "R\(:UCKGABEWERTE" .PP -Wenn +On success, \fBsu\fR -erfolgreich ausgef\(:uhrt wird, gibt es den R\(:uckgabewert des mit ihm ausgef\(:uhrten Befehls zur\(:uck\&. +returns the exit value of the command it executed\&. .PP -Wenn dieser Befehl mit einem Signal beendet wurde, gibt +If this command was terminated by a signal, \fBsu\fR -die Nummer des Signals plus 128 zur\(:uck\&. +returns the number of this signal plus 128\&. .PP -Wenn +If su has to kill the command (because it was asked to terminate, and the command did not terminate in time), \fBsu\fR -den Befehl mit kill beenden musste (weil er der Aufforderung, sich zu beenden, nicht rechtzeitig nachgekommen ist), gibt es 255 zur\(:uck\&. +returns 255\&. .PP -Einige R\(:uckgabewerte von +Some exit values from \fBsu\fR -sind unabh\(:angig von dem ausgef\(:uhrten Befehl: +are independent from the executed command: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -Erfolg (nur bei -\fB\-\-help\fR) +success (\fB\-\-help\fR +only) .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -System\- oder Anmeldefehler +System or authentication failure .RE .PP \fI126\fR .RS 4 -Der angegebene Befehl konnte nicht gefunden werden\&. +The requested command was not found .RE .PP \fI127\fR .RS 4 -Der angegebene Befehl konnte nicht ausgef\(:uhrt werden\&. +The requested command could not be executed .RE .SH "SIEHE AUCH" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man3/shadow.3 b/man/de/man3/shadow.3 index 45ad3b57..23df7cf6 100644 --- a/man/de/man3/shadow.3 +++ b/man/de/man3/shadow.3 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: shadow .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Bibliotheksaufrufe -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "SHADOW" "3" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Bibliotheksaufrufe" +.TH "SHADOW" "3" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Bibliotheksaufrufe" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -59,25 +59,25 @@ shadow, getspnam \- Routinen f\(:ur die Datei, die die verschl\(:usselten Passw\ .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP \fIshadow\fR -ver\(:andert den Inhalt der Shadow\-Passwort\-Datei -/etc/shadow\&. Der Aufbau der Datei +manipulates the contents of the shadow password file, +/etc/shadow\&. The structure in the \fI#include\fR -ist: +file is: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf struct spwd { - char *sp_namp; /* Anmeldename des Benutzers */ - char *sp_pwdp; /* verschl\(:usseltes Passwort */ - long int sp_lstchg; /* letzte \(:Anderung des Passworts */ - long int sp_min; /* Tage, ehe \(:Anderung erlaubt ist */ - long int sp_max; /* Tage, bis \(:Anderung erfolgen muss */ - long int sp_warn; /* Tage f\(:ur Warnung vor Verfall */ - long int sp_inact; /* Tage, ehe Konto inaktiv wird */ - long int sp_expire; /* Datum, an dem Konto abgeschaltet wird */ - unsigned long int sp_flag; /* reserviert f\(:ur zuk\(:unftigen Gebrauch*/ + char *sp_namp; /* user login name */ + char *sp_pwdp; /* encrypted password */ + long int sp_lstchg; /* last password change */ + long int sp_min; /* days until change allowed\&. */ + long int sp_max; /* days before change required */ + long int sp_warn; /* days warning for expiration */ + long int sp_inact; /* days before account inactive */ + long int sp_expire; /* date when account expires */ + unsigned long int sp_flag; /* reserved for future use */ } .fi @@ -189,50 +189,47 @@ sp_flag \- f\(:ur zuk\(:unftigen Gebrauch reserviert .PP \fIgetspent\fR, \fIgetspname\fR, -\fIfgetspent\fR -und +\fIfgetspent\fR, and \fIsgetspent\fR -geben einen Verweis auf -\fIstruct spwd\fR -zur\(:uck\&. +each return a pointer to a +\fIstruct spwd\fR\&. \fIgetspent\fR -gibt den n\(:achsten Eintrag der Datei zur\(:uck\&. +returns the next entry from the file, and \fIfgetspent\fR -gibt den n\(:achsten Eintrag im angegebenen Datenstrom zur\(:uck, f\(:ur den angenommen wird, dass es sich dabei um eine Datei im zul\(:assigen Format handelt\&. +returns the next entry from the given stream, which is assumed to be a file of the proper format\&. \fIsgetspent\fR -gibt einen Verweis auf einen +returns a pointer to a \fIstruct spwd\fR -zur\(:uck, wobei die angegebene Zeichenkette als Eingabe verwendet wird\&. +using the provided string as input\&. \fIgetspnam\fR -sucht ab der aktuellen Position in der Datei nach einem Eintrag, der mit -\fIname\fR -\(:ubereinstimmt\&. +searches from the current position in the file for an entry matching +\fIname\fR\&. .PP \fIsetspent\fR -und +and \fIendspent\fR -k\(:onnen verwendet werden, um den Zugriff auf die Shadow\-Passwort\-Datei zu beginnen oder zu beenden\&. +may be used to begin and end, respectively, access to the shadow password file\&. .PP -Die Routinen +The \fIlckpwdf\fR -und +and \fIulckpwdf\fR -sollten eingesetzt werden, da so sichergestellt werden kann, dass exlusiv auf die Datei +routines should be used to insure exclusive access to the /etc/shadow -zugegriffen wird\&. +file\&. \fIlckpwdf\fR -versucht, eine Sperre durch +attempts to acquire a lock using \fIpw_lock\fR -f\(:ur bis zu 15 Sekunden zu erhalten\&. Dann versucht es, eine zweite Sperre durch +for up to 15 seconds\&. It continues by attempting to acquire a second lock using \fIspw_lock\fR -f\(:ur den Rest der 15 Sekunden zu erhalten\&. Sollte einer der beiden Versuche nach insgesamt 15 Sekunden scheitern, gibt +for the remainder of the initial 15 seconds\&. Should either attempt fail after a total of 15 seconds, \fIlckpwdf\fR -\-1 zur\(:uck\&. Wurden beide Sperren erhalten, wird 0 zur\(:uckgegeben\&. +returns \-1\&. When both locks are acquired 0 is returned\&. .SH "DIAGNOSE" .PP -Wenn kein weiterer Eintrag vorhanden ist oder w\(:ahrend der Verarbeitung ein Fehler auftritt, geben die Routinen NULL zur\(:uck\&. Routinen, die +Routines return NULL if no more entries are available or if an error occurs during processing\&. Routines which have \fIint\fR -als R\(:uckgabewert haben, geben im Erfolgsfall 0 und beim Scheitern \-1 zur\(:uck\&. +as the return value return 0 for success and \-1 for failure\&. .SH "WARNUNGEN" .PP Diese Routinen k\(:onnen nur von Root verwendet werden, da der Zugriff auf die Shadow\-Passwort\-Datei beschr\(:ankt ist\&. diff --git a/man/de/man5/faillog.5 b/man/de/man5/faillog.5 index f87ee731..0ec042bc 100644 --- a/man/de/man5/faillog.5 +++ b/man/de/man5/faillog.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dateiformate und konvertierung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" +.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,9 +31,8 @@ faillog \- Datei mit fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldungen .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -In /var/log/faillog -wird der Z\(:ahlerstand von fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldungen und die Beschr\(:ankungen f\(:ur jedes Konto niedergelegt\&. +maintains a count of login failures and the limits for each account\&. .PP Eintr\(:age in dieser Datei haben eine festgelegte L\(:ange und sind der zahlenm\(:a\(ssigen UID nach angeordnet\&. Jeder Eintrag besteht aus der Anzahl der fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldungen seit der letzten erfolgreichen Anmeldung, der maximalen Anzahl von Fehlschl\(:agen, ehe das Konto abgeschaltet wird, dem Ger\(:at, auf dem die letzte fehlgeschlagene Anmeldung erfolgte, das Datum der letzten fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldung und die Dauer in Sekunden, f\(:ur die das Konto nach einem Fehlschlag gesperrt ist\&. .PP diff --git a/man/de/man5/gshadow.5 b/man/de/man5/gshadow.5 index daa81bb5..deb2901f 100644 --- a/man/de/man5/gshadow.5 +++ b/man/de/man5/gshadow.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: gshadow .\" Author: Nicolas Fran\(,cois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dateiformate und konvertierung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" +.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,9 +31,8 @@ gshadow \- Shadow\-Datei f\(:ur Gruppen .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -In /etc/gshadow -befinden sich die Informationen f\(:ur das Shadow\-Gruppen\-System\&. +contains the shadowed information for group accounts\&. .PP Um die Sicherheit der Passw\(:orter zu gew\(:ahrleisten, darf diese Datei nicht f\(:ur normale Benutzer lesbar sein\&. .PP @@ -46,13 +45,12 @@ Es muss sich um einen g\(:ultigen, auf dem System vorhandenen Gruppennamen hande .PP \fBverschl\(:usseltes Passwort\fR .RS 4 -Sie sollten in +Refer to \fBcrypt\fR(3) -nachsehen, wenn Sie mehr \(:uber die Bedeutung dieser Zeichenkette wissen wollen\&. +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. .sp -Wenn das Passwortfeld eine Zeichenkette enth\(:alt, die kein zul\(:assiges Ergebnis von -\fBcrypt\fR(3) -ist, z\&.B\&. ! oder *, k\(:onnen Benutzer nicht mit einem Unix\-Passwort Zugang zu der Gruppe erhalten, wobei Gruppenmitglieder kein Passwort ben\(:otigen\&. +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, users will not be able to use a unix password to access the group (but group members do not need the password)\&. .sp The password is used when a user who is not a member of the group wants to gain the permissions of this group (see \fBnewgrp\fR(1))\&. @@ -61,9 +59,8 @@ Dieses Feld kann leer bleiben\&. Dies hat zur Folge, dass nur Gruppenmitglieder .sp A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked\&. .sp -Dieses Passwort geht den in -/etc/group -definierten Passw\(:ortern vor\&. +This password supersedes any password specified in +/etc/group\&. .RE .PP \fBGruppenverwalter\fR @@ -81,9 +78,8 @@ Es muss sich dabei um eine durch Kommas getrennte Liste von Benutzernamen handel .sp Mitglieder haben Zugang zu der Gruppe, ohne eine Passwort eingeben zu m\(:ussen\&. .sp -Sie sollten die gleiche Benutzerliste wie in -/etc/group -verwenden\&. +You should use the same list of users as in +/etc/group\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man5/limits.5 b/man/de/man5/limits.5 index 0e3a17e8..b143b925 100644 --- a/man/de/man5/limits.5 +++ b/man/de/man5/limits.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: limits .\" Author: Luca Berra .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dateiformate und konvertierung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "LIMITS" "5" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" +.TH "LIMITS" "5" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,12 +31,11 @@ limits \- Festlegung von Resourcenbeschr\(:ankungen .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Die -\fIlimits\fR\-Datei (standardm\(:a\(ssig -/etc/limits -oder die durch LIMITS_FILE in -config\&.h -festgelegte) bezeichnet die von Ihnen eingef\(:uhrte Beschr\(:ankung von Ressourcen\&. Sie sollte Root geh\(:oren und nur von ihm lesbar sein\&. +The +\fIlimits\fR +file (/etc/limits +by default or LIMITS_FILE defined +config\&.h) describes the resource limits you wish to impose\&. It should be owned by root and readable by root account only\&. .PP Standardm\(:a\(ssig bestehen f\(:ur Root keine Einschr\(:ankungen\&. Tats\(:achlich gibt es keine M\(:oglichkeit, mit diesem Verfahren Root\-Konten (Konten mit der UID 0) Beschr\(:ankungen aufzuerlegen\&. .PP @@ -48,9 +47,9 @@ oder in der Form: .PP \fI@Gruppe BESCHR\(:ANKUNGSZEICHENKETTE\fR .PP -Die -\fIBESCHR\(:ANKUNGSZEICHENKETTE\fR -ist eine Kette von Ressourcen\-Beschr\(:ankungen\&. Jede Beschr\(:ankung besteht aus einer Buchstabenkennung, der eine zahlenm\(:a\(ssige Beschr\(:ankung folgt\&. +The +\fILIMITS_STRING\fR +is a string of a concatenated list of resource limits\&. Each limit consists of a letter identifier followed by a numerical limit\&. .PP G\(:ultige Kennungen sind: .sp @@ -106,9 +105,8 @@ F: maximum file size (KB) .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -K: Maske f\(:ur die Dateierstellung, wird von -\fBumask\fR(2) -gesetzt\&. +K: file creation mask, set by +\fBumask\fR(2)\&. .RE .sp .RS 4 @@ -174,9 +172,8 @@ O: Maximale Echtzeit\-Priorit\(:at .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -P: Prozesspriorit\(:at, wird von -\fBsetpriority\fR(2) -gesetzt\&. +P: process priority, set by +\fBsetpriority\fR(2)\&. .RE .sp .RS 4 @@ -223,17 +220,17 @@ T: maximale CPU\-Zeit (Min) U: maximale Anzahl von Prozessen .RE .PP -Zum Beispiel ist +For example, \fIL2D2048N5\fR -eine g\(:ultige -\fIBESCHR\(:ANKUNGSZEICHENKETTE\fR\&. Um das Lesen zu erleichtern, werden folgende Eintr\(:age gleich behandelt: +is a valid +\fILIMITS_STRING\fR\&. For reading convenience, the following entries are equivalent: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf - Benutzername L2D2048N5 - Benutzername L2 D2048 N5 + username L2D2048N5 + username L2 D2048 N5 .fi .if n \{\ @@ -246,12 +243,12 @@ the rest of the line is considered a limit string, thus comments are not allowed \fBlogin\fR program\&. .PP -Standardwerte werden mit dem Benutzernamen \(Fc\fI*\fR\(Fo festgelegt\&. Falls Sie mehrfach -\fIStandard\fR\-Werte in der -\fIBESCHR\(:ANKUNGSDATEI\fR -bestimmen, wird nur der letzte ber\(:ucksichtigt\&. +The default entry is denoted by username "\fI*\fR"\&. If you have multiple +\fIdefault\fR +entries in your +\fILIMITS_FILE\fR, then the last one will be used as the default entry\&. .PP -Beschr\(:ankungen, die in der Form \(Fc\fI@group\fR\(Fo festgelegt wurden, gelten f\(:ur alle Mitglieder der angegebenen Gruppe +The limits specified in the form "\fI@group\fR" apply to the members of the specified \fIgroup\fR\&. .PP If more than one line with limits for a user exist, only the first line for this user will be considered\&. @@ -260,9 +257,9 @@ If no lines are specified for a user, the last \fI@group\fR line matching a group whose the user is a member of will be considered, or the last line with default limits if no groups contain the user\&. .PP -Mit einem Gedankenstrich \(Fc\fI\-\fR\(Fo k\(:onnen Sie alle Beschr\(:ankungen f\(:ur einen Benutzer zu entfernen\&. +To completely disable limits for a user, a single dash "\fI\-\fR" will do\&. .PP -Um f\(:ur einen Benutzer eine bestimmte Beschr\(:ankung zu entfernen, m\(:ussen Sie f\(:ur diese Beschr\(:ankung anstelle des numerischen Wertes einen Gedankenstrich \(Fc\fI\-\fR\(Fo setzen\&. +To disable a limit for a user, a single dash "\fI\-\fR" can be used instead of the numerical value for this limit\&. .PP Ber\(:ucksichtigen Sie auch, dass alle Beschr\(:ankungen nur JE ANMELDUNG gelten\&. Sie sind nicht global und auch nicht dauerhaft\&. Vielleicht wird es einmal globale Beschr\(:ankungen geben, f\(:ur jetzt muss dies aber reichen ;) .SH "DATEIEN" diff --git a/man/de/man5/login.access.5 b/man/de/man5/login.access.5 index fd1c335e..0ae72b85 100644 --- a/man/de/man5/login.access.5 +++ b/man/de/man5/login.access.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login.access .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dateiformate und konvertierung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "LOGIN\&.ACCESS" "5" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" +.TH "LOGIN\&.ACCESS" "5" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,24 +31,29 @@ login.access \- Tabelle f\(:ur die Zugangskontrolle zur Anmeldung .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Die Datei +The \fIlogin\&.access\fR -legt Kombinationen von (Benutzer, Rechner) und (Benutzer, tty) fest, f\(:ur die eine Anmeldung erlaubt oder abgelehnt wird\&. +file specifies (user, host) combinations and/or (user, tty) combinations for which a login will be either accepted or refused\&. .PP -Wenn sich jemand anmeldet, wird +When someone logs in, the \fIlogin\&.access\fR -nach dem ersten Eintrag durchsucht, auf den die Kombination von (Benutzer, Rechner) oder, bei lokalen Anmeldungen, von (Benutzer, tty) zutrifft\&. Das Feld f\(:ur die Erlaubnis bestimmt, ob die Anmeldung zugelassen oder abgelehnt wird\&. +is scanned for the first entry that matches the (user, host) combination, or, in case of non\-networked logins, the first entry that matches the (user, tty) combination\&. The permissions field of that table entry determines whether the login will be accepted or refused\&. .PP Jede Zeile der Tabelle f\(:ur die Zugangskontrolle enth\(:alt drei Felder, die jeweils durch einen Doppelpunkt \(Fc:\(Fo getrennt sind: .PP -\fIErlaubnis\fR:\fIBenutzer\fR:\fIHerkunft\fR +\fIpermission\fR:\fIusers\fR:\fIorigins\fR .PP -Das erste Feld kann das Zeichen \(Fc\fI+\fR\(Fo (Zugriff erlaubt) oder \(Fc\fI\-\fR\(Fo (Zugriff verweigert) sein\&. Das zweite Feld kann eine Liste von einem oder mehreren Anmeldenamen, Gruppennamen oder -\fIALL\fR\fI\fI (trifft immer zu) sein\&. Das dritte Feld kann eine Liste von einem oder mehreren tty\-Namen (f\(:ur lokale Anmeldungen), Rechner\-Namen, Domain\-Namen (beginnen mit einem \(Fc\fR\fI\&.\fR\fI\(Fo), Rechner\-Adressen, Internet\-Netzwerk\-Nummern (enden mit einem \(Fc\fR\fI\&.\fR\fI\(Fo), \fR\fI\fIALL\fR\fR\fI (trifft immer zu) oder \fR\fI\fILOCAL\fR\fR\fI (trifft auf alle Zeichenketten zu, die keinen \(Fc\fR\fI\&.\fR\fI\(Fo enthalten)\&. Falls Sie NIS einsetzen, k\(:onnen Sie in den Rechner\- und Benutzerangaben auch @netgroupname verwenden\&.\fR\fR +The first field should be a "\fI+\fR" (access granted) or "\fI\-\fR" (access denied) character\&. The second field should be a list of one or more login names, group names, or +\fIALL\fR +(always matches)\&. The third field should be a list of one or more tty names (for non\-networked logins), host names, domain names (begin with "\&."), host addresses, internet network numbers (end with "\&."), +\fIALL\fR +(always matches) or +\fILOCAL\fR +(matches any string that does not contain a "\&." character)\&. If you run NIS you can use @netgroupname in host or user patterns\&. .PP -Der Operator +The \fIEXCEPT\fR -erm\(:oglicht es, sehr kurze Regeln zu schreiben\&. +operator makes it possible to write very compact rules\&. .PP Die Gruppendatei wird nur durchsucht, wenn ein Name nicht mit dem des angemeldeten Benutzers \(:ubereinstimmt\&. Eine \(:Ubereinstimmung mit Gruppen wird nur festgestellt, wenn darin der Benutzer ausdr\(:ucklich aufgef\(:uhrt ist\&. Das Programm beachtet also nicht den Wert der Hauptgruppe des Benutzers\&. .SH "DATEIEN" diff --git a/man/de/man5/login.defs.5 b/man/de/man5/login.defs.5 index 76ba4c88..4533bbc2 100644 --- a/man/de/man5/login.defs.5 +++ b/man/de/man5/login.defs.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login.defs .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dateiformate und konvertierung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "LOGIN\&.DEFS" "5" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" +.TH "LOGIN\&.DEFS" "5" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,56 +31,64 @@ login.defs \- Konfiguration der Werkzeugsammlung f\(:ur Shadow\-Passw\(:orter .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Die Datei +The /etc/login\&.defs -legt die systemspezifische Konfiguration der Werkzeugsammlung f\(:ur Shadow\-Passw\(:orter fest\&. Diese Datei muss vorhanden sein\&. Wenn sie fehlt, wird das System zwar laufen, es k\(:onnen aber unerw\(:unschte Ergebnisse auftauchen\&. +file defines the site\-specific configuration for the shadow password suite\&. This file is required\&. Absence of this file will not prevent system operation, but will probably result in undesirable operation\&. .PP Diese Datei ist eine lesbare Textdatei\&. Jede Zeile der Datei beschreibt einen Konfigurationsparameter\&. Eine Zeile besteht aus einem Konfigurationsnamen und einem Wert, die durch ein Leerzeichen getrennt sind\&. Leer\- und Kommentarzeilen werden nicht beachtet\&. Kommentare werden mit dem Rautezeichen \(Fc#\(Fo eingeleitet\&. Die Raute muss das erste nicht leere Zeichen der Zeile sein\&. .PP -Die Parameterwerte k\(:onnen aus vier Typen bestehen: Zeichenketten, Boolesch, Zahlen und lange Zahlen\&. Eine Zeichenkette kann aus jedem druckbaren Zeichen bestehen\&. Ein Boolesch sollte \(Fcyes\(Fo oder \(Fcno\(Fo sein\&. Einem anderen oder undefinierten Parameter f\(:ur Boolesch wird der Wert \(Fcno\(Fo zugewiesen\&. Normale und lange Zahlen k\(:onnen aus Dezimalzahlen, Oktalzahlen (beginnen mit \(Fc0\(Fo) oder Hexadezimalzahlen (beginnen mit \(Fc0x\(Fo) bestehen\&. Die maximale Gr\(:o\(sse der Parameter normaler und langer Zahlen ist systemabh\(:angig\&. +Parameter values may be of four types: strings, booleans, numbers, and long numbers\&. A string is comprised of any printable characters\&. A boolean should be either the value +\fIyes\fR +or +\fIno\fR\&. An undefined boolean parameter or one with a value other than these will be given a +\fIno\fR +value\&. Numbers (both regular and long) may be either decimal values, octal values (precede the value with +\fI0\fR) or hexadecimal values (precede the value with +\fI0x\fR)\&. The maximum value of the regular and long numeric parameters is machine\-dependent\&. .PP Die folgenden Konfigurationsm\(:oglichkeiten sind vorhanden: .PP -\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (boolesch) +\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Falls -\fIyes\fR, ben\(:otigt das Programm +If +\fIyes\fR, the \fBchfn\fR -eine Authentifizierung, bevor es \(:Anderungen vornimmt, sofern es nicht von Root ausgef\(:uhrt wird\&. +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (string) .RS 4 -Der Parameter bestimmt, welcher Wert in dem -\fIgecos\fR\-Feld von +This parameter specifies which values in the +\fIgecos\fR +field of the /etc/passwd -von gew\(:ohnlichen Benutzern mittels des Programms +file may be changed by regular users using the \fBchfn\fR -ge\(:andert werden darf\&. Er kann aus jeder Kombination der Buchstaben -\fIf\fR -,\fIr\fR, -\fIw\fR -und -\fIh\fR -bestehen\&. Diese Buchstaben stehen f\(:ur den vollst\(:andigen Namen, die Zimmernummer, die gesch\(:aftliche Telefonnummer und die private Telefonnummer\&. Zum Zweck der Abw\(:artskompatibilit\(:at entspricht +program\&. It can be any combination of letters +\fIf\fR, +\fIr\fR, +\fIw\fR, +\fIh\fR, for Full name, Room number, Work phone, and Home phone, respectively\&. For backward compatibility, \fIyes\fR +is equivalent to \fIrwh\fR -und +and \fIno\fR -\fIfrwh\fR\&. Falls nichts festgelegt wird, kann nur Root \(:Anderungen vornehmen\&. Die gr\(:o\(sste Einschr\(:ankung erreicht man besser, indem -chfn -nicht mit SUID\-Rechten ausgestattet wird\&. +is equivalent to +\fIfrwh\fR\&. If not specified, only the superuser can make any changes\&. The most restrictive setting is better achieved by not installing +\fBchfn\fR +SUID\&. .RE .PP -\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (boolesch) +\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Falls -\fIyes\fR, ben\(:otigt das Programm +If +\fIyes\fR, the \fBchsh\fR -eine Authentifizierung, bevor es \(:Anderungen vornimmt, sofern es nicht von Root ausgef\(:uhrt wird\&. +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBCONSOLE\fR (string) .RS 4 Die Konfiguration erfolgt entweder \(:uber die Angabe des vollen Pfadnamens einer Datei, welche die Namen der Ger\(:ate enth\(:alt (eines pro Zeile), oder mit einer Liste der Ger\(:atenamen, die mit \(Fc:\(Fo getrennt sind\&. Root kann sich nur auf diesen Ger\(:aten anmelden\&. .sp @@ -89,158 +97,151 @@ Wenn es unkonfiguriert gelassen wird, kann sich Root auf jedem Ger\(:at anmelden Das Ger\(:at soll ohne vorangestelltes /dev/ angegeben werden\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (string) .RS 4 -Liste von Gruppen, deren Mitglied der Benutzer wird, wenn der sich auf der Konsole anmeldet, die mit dem Parameter CONSOLE festgelegt wird\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig ist die Liste leer\&. +List of groups to add to the user\*(Aqs supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting)\&. Default is none\&. -Seien Sie vorsichtig\&. Benutzer k\(:onnen dauerhaft Zugang zu den Gruppen erlangen, auch wenn sie nicht auf der Konsole angemeldet sind\&. +Use with caution \- it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console\&. .RE .PP -\fBCREATE_HOME\fR (boolesch) +\fBCREATE_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 bestimmt, ob standardm\(:a\(ssig ein Home\-Verzeichnis f\(:ur neue Benutzer erstellt werden soll .sp Diese Einstellung trifft nicht auf Systembenutzer zu\&. Sie kann auf der Befehlszeile \(:uberschrieben werden\&. .RE .PP -\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolesch) +\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Legt fest, ob ein Login erlaubt wird, wenn mit cd nicht in das Home\-Verzeichnis gewechselt werden kann\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig wird dies nicht zugelassen\&. .sp -Falls auf -\fIyes\fR -gesetzt, wird der Benutzer mit dem Wurzelverzeichnis (/) angemeldet, wenn mit cd nicht in sein Home\-Verzeichnis gewechselt werden kann\&. +If set to +\fIyes\fR, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory\&. .RE .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Damit wird der standardm\(:a\(ssige Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus, mit dem Passw\(:orter verschl\(:usselt werden, bestimmt (soweit nicht in der Befehlszeile ein Algorithmus angegeben wird)\&. .sp -Ihm kann einer der folgenden Wert zugewiesen werden: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR (default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Hinweis: Dieser Parameter \(:uberschreibt die Variable -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Wenn vergeben, wird damit die Umgebungsvariable HZ definiert, wenn sich ein Benutzer anmeldet\&. Dem Wert muss ein -\fIHZ=\fR -vorangestellt werden\&. Ein \(:ublicher Wert bei Linux ist +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_PATH\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENV_PATH\fR (string) .RS 4 -Wenn gesetzt, wird damit die Umgebungsvariable PATH definiert, wenn sich ein normaler Benutzer anmeldet\&. Der Wert ist eine Liste, deren Eintr\(:age durch Doppelpunkte getrennt sind (zum Beispiel -\fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR)\&. Ihr kann ein -\fIPATH=\fR -vorangestellt werden\&. Der Standardwert ist +If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular user login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example +\fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by +\fIPATH=\fR\&. The default value is \fIPATH=/bin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (string) .RS 4 -Wenn gesetzt, wird damit die Umgebungsvariable PATH definiert, wenn sich der Superuser anmeldet\&. Der Wert ist eine Liste, deren Eintr\(:age durch Doppelpunkte getrennt sind (zum Beispiel -\fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR)\&. Ihr kann ein -\fIPATH=\fR -vorangestellt werden\&. Der Standardwert ist +If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superuser login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example +\fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by +\fIPATH=\fR\&. The default value is \fIPATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Wenn gesetzt, wird damit die Umgebungsvariable TZ definiert, wenn sich ein Benutzer anmeldet\&. Der Wert kann der Name der Zeitzone sein, dem +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -vorausgeht (zum Beispiel -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), oder der vollst\(:andige Pfad der Datei, welche die Konfiguration der Zeitzone enth\(:alt (zum Beispiel +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Wenn ein vollst\(:andiger Pfadname angegeben wird, die Datei aber nicht existiert oder nicht lesbar ist, wird -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR -verwendet\&. +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Wenn diese Datei vorhanden ist, wird die Anmeldeumgebung aus ihr gelesen\&. Jede Zeile sollte die Form Name=Wert haben\&. .sp Zeilen, die mit einem # beginnen, werden als Kommentare behandelt und daher ignoriert\&. .RE .PP -\fBERASECHAR\fR (Zahl) +\fBERASECHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Das L\(:oschzeichen des Terminals (\fI010\fR -= R\(:ucktaste, +Terminal ERASE character (\fI010\fR += backspace, \fI0177\fR -= Entf)\&. += DEL)\&. .sp Wenn der Wert mit \(Fc0\(Fo beginnt, wird er als Oktalzahl gewertet, wenn er mit \(Fc0x\(Fo beginnt, als Hexadezimalzahl\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (Zahl) +\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (number) .RS 4 Wartezeit in Sekunden, ehe nach einem fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldeversuch ein neuer unternommen werden kann .RE .PP -\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -aktiviert die Protokollierung und Anzeige der Informationen zu fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldeversuchen in +Enable logging and display of /var/log/faillog +login failure info\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (string) .RS 4 -Falls angegeben, f\(:uhrt +If set, \fBlogin\fR -diese Shell anstelle der in -/etc/passwd -angegebenen Shell des Benutzers aus\&. +will execute this shell instead of the users\*(Aq shell specified in +/etc/passwd\&. .RE .PP -\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Falls angegeben, werden fehlgeschlagene Anmeldeversuche in dieser Datei im Format utmp protokolliert\&. .RE .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (Zahl), \fBGID_MIN\fR (Zahl) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Bereich von Gruppen\-IDs, aus dem die Programme +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -oder -\fBnewusers\fR -bei der Erstellung normaler Gruppen ausw\(:ahlen d\(:urfen +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Der Standardwert f\(:ur +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -ist 1000, f\(:ur -\fBGID_MAX\fR -60\&.000\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Falls angegeben, kann diese Datei die \(:ubliche Informationsanzeige w\(:ahrend des Anmeldevorgangs unterbinden\&. Wenn ein vollst\(:andiger Pfad angegeben wird, wird der Modus ohne Anmeldeinformationen verwendet, wenn der Name oder die Shell des Benutzers in der Datei enthalten sind\&. Wenn kein vollst\(:andiger Pfad angegeben wird, wird der Modus ohne Anmeldeinformationen aktiviert, wenn die Datei im Home\-Verzeichnis des Benutzers existiert\&. .RE .PP -\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Falls angegeben, wird diese Datei vor der Anmeldeaufforderung angezeigt\&. .RE .PP -\fBKILLCHAR\fR (Zahl) +\fBKILLCHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Das KILL\-Zeichen des Terminals (\fI025\fR +Terminal KILL character (\fI025\fR = CTRL/U)\&. .sp Wenn der Wert mit \(Fc0\(Fo beginnt, wird er als Oktalzahl gewertet, wenn er mit \(Fc0x\(Fo beginnt, als Hexadezimalzahl\&. .RE .PP -\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 aktiviert die Protokollierung und Anzeige der Informationen zu Anmeldezeiten in /var/log/lastlog @@ -255,78 +256,75 @@ No option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing lastlog entries\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (boolesch) +\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (boolean) .RS 4 aktiviert die Protokollierung erfolgreicher Anmeldungen .RE .PP -\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 aktiviert die Anzeige unbekannter Benutzernamen, wenn fehlgeschlagene Anmeldeversuche aufgezeichnet werden .sp Hinweis: Das Protokollieren unbekannter Benutzernamen kann ein Sicherheitsproblem darstellen, wenn ein Benutzer sein Passwort anstelle seines Anmeldenamens eingibt\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (Zahl) +\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 maximale Anzahl von Anmeldeversuchen, wenn ein falsches Passwort eingegeben wird .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 Diese Zeichenkette wird bei der Eingabeaufforderung des Passworts (Prompt) verwendet\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig wird \(FcPassword: \(Fo oder eine \(:Ubersetzung davon benutzt\&. Wenn Sie diese Variable definieren, wird die Eingabeaufforderung nicht \(:ubersetzt\&. .sp -Wenn die Zeichenkette ein -\fI%s\fR -enth\(:alt, wird dies durch den Benutzernamen ersetzt\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (Zahl) +\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (number) .RS 4 H\(:ochstdauer f\(:ur einen Anmeldeversuch .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 aktiviert die Pr\(:ufung und Anzeige des Status der Mailbox bei der Anmeldung .sp Sie sollten dies abschalten, wenn schon die Startdateien der Shell die Mails pr\(:ufen (\(Fcmailx \-e\(Fo oder \(:ahnliches)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 Das Verzeichnis des Mail\-Spools\&. Diese Angabe wird ben\(:otigt, um die Mailbox zu bearbeiten, nachdem das entsprechende Benutzerkonto ver\(:andert oder gel\(:oscht wurde\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird ein Standard verwendet, der beim Kompilieren festgelegt wurde\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Legt den Ort der Mail\-Spool\-Dateien eines Benutzers relativ zu seinem Home\-Verzeichnis fest\&. .RE .PP -Die Variablen +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -und +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -werden von +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -und +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -verwendet, um den Mail\-Spool eines Benutzers zu erstellen, zu verschieben oder zu l\(:oschen\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Falls +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -auf -\fIyes\fR -gesetzt ist, werden sie auch verwendet, um die Umgebungsvariable +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the \fBMAIL\fR -festzulegen\&. +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (Zahl) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Maximale Anzahl von Mitgliedern je Gruppeneintrag\&. Wenn das Maximum erreicht wird, wird ein weiterer Eintrag in +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(mit dem gleichen Namen, dem gleichen Passwort und der gleichen GID) erstellt\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Der Standardwert ist 0, was zur Folge hat, dass die Anzahl der Mitglieder einer Gruppe nicht begrenzt ist\&. .sp @@ -337,103 +335,99 @@ Falls Sie eine solche Begrenzung ben\(:otigen, k\(:onnen Sie 25 verwenden\&. Hinweis: Aufgeteilte Gruppen werden m\(:oglicherweise nicht von allen Werkzeugen unterst\(:utzt, selbst nicht aus der Shadow\-Werkzeugsammlung\&. Sie sollten diese Variable nur setzen, falls Sie zwingend darauf angewiesen sind\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Legt fest, ob Passw\(:orter mit dem auf MD5 beruhenden Algorithmus verschl\(:usselt werden\&. Falls diesem Wert -\fIyes\fR -zugewiesen ist, werden neue Passw\(:orter mit dem auf MD5 beruhenden Algorithmus verschl\(:usselt, der zu dem in der aktuellen Ver\(:offentlichung von FreeBSD eingesetzten Algorithmus kompatibel ist\&. Passw\(:orter k\(:onnen dann beliebig lang sein, auch die Salt\-Zeichenketten sind l\(:anger\&. Setzen Sie diesen Wert auf -\fIno\fR, wenn Sie verschl\(:usselte Passw\(:orter auf ein anderes System kopieren m\(:ochten, das den neuen Algorithmus nicht versteht\&. Der Standardwert ist +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Dieser Variable geht die Variable +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -und eine Option auf der Befehlszeile, mit der der Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus bestimmt wird, vor\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Der Einsatz dieser Variable ist veraltet\&. Sie sollten -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -verwenden\&. +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Falls angegeben, eine Aufz\(:ahlung von Dateien, welche die bei der Anmeldung anzuzeigenden \(FcNachrichten des Tages\(Fo enth\(:alt\&. Die Dateien werden mit einem \(Fc:\(Fo getrennt\&. .RE .PP -\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Falls angegeben, der Name einer Datei, deren Existenz Anmeldungen au\(sser von Root verhindert\&. Der Inhalt der Datei sollte die Gr\(:unde enthalten, weshalb Anmeldungen untersagt sind\&. .RE .PP -\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Aktiviert zus\(:atzliche Tests bei der Ver\(:anderung eines Passworts\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (boolesch) +\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (boolean) .RS 4 weist auf schwache Passw\(:orter hin (aber l\(:asst sie zu), falls Sie root sind .RE .PP -\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 maximale Anzahl von Versuchen, ein Passwort zu \(:andern, wenn dies wegen zu geringer St\(:arke des gew\(:ahlten Passworts abgelehnt wurde .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Die maximale Anzahl von Tagen, f\(:ur die ein Passwort verwendet werden darf\&. Wenn das Passwort \(:alter ist, wird ein Wechsel des Passworts erzwungen\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird \-1 angenommen (was zur Folge hat, dass diese Beschr\(:ankung abgeschaltet ist)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Die Mindestanzahl von Tagen, bevor ein Wechsel des Passworts zugelassen wird\&. Ein vorheriger Versuch, das Passwort zu \(:andern, wird abgelehnt\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird \-1 angenommen (was zur Folge hat, dass diese Beschr\(:ankung abgeschaltet ist)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Die Anzahl von Tagen, an denen der Benutzer vorgewarnt wird, bevor das Passwort verf\(:allt\&. Eine Null bedeutet, dass eine Warnung nur am Tag des Verfalls ausgegeben wird\&. Ein negativer Wert bedeutet, dass keine Vorwarnung erfolgt\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird keine Vorwarnung ausgegeben\&. .RE .PP \fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR, \fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR -und +and \fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR -werden nur bei der Erstellung eines Kontos verwendet\&. Sp\(:atere \(:Anderungen dieser Werte ber\(:uhren bestehende Konten nicht\&. +are only used at the time of account creation\&. Any changes to these settings won\*(Aqt affect existing accounts\&. .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (Zahl), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (number), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Anzahl der von crypt() ber\(:ucksichtigten Zeichen des Passworts\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig ist +Number of significant characters in the password for crypt()\&. \fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR -8\&. Diese Option wird ignoriert, wenn +is 8 by default\&. Don\*(Aqt change unless your crypt() is better\&. This is ignored if \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -auf -\fIyes\fR -gesetzt ist\&. +set to +\fIyes\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -aktiviert die Auswertung der in -/etc/porttime -angegebenen Zeitbegrenzungen +Enable checking of time restrictions specified in +/etc/porttime\&. .RE .PP -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -aktiviert das Setzen von Resourcenbeschr\(:ankungen aus +Enable setting of resource limits from /etc/limits -und von ulimit, umask und niceness aus dem gecos\-Feld des Benutzers von passwd +and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (Zahl), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (Zahl) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Wenn +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -auf +is set to \fISHA256\fR -oder -\fISHA512\fR -gesetzt ist, legt dies die Anzahl der Runden von SHA fest, die standardm\(:a\(ssig vom Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus verwendet werden (falls die Anzahl der Runden nicht auf der Befehlszeile angegeben wird)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Je mehr Runden Sie definieren, umso schwieriger ist es, das Passwort mit sturem Durchprobieren (brute force) zu knacken; umso mehr Rechenleistung wird jedoch auch f\(:ur die Anmeldung eines Benutzers ben\(:otigt\&. .sp @@ -441,39 +435,40 @@ Falls Sie nichts angeben, wird libc die Standardanzahl der Runden festlegen (500 .sp Die Werte m\(:ussen zwischen 1000\-999\&.999\&.999 liegen\&. .sp -Falls nur der Wert f\(:ur +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -oder +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -festgelegt wird, wird dieser Wert verwendet\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Falls +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, wird der h\(:ohere Wert verwendet\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .PP -\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Wenn angegeben, wird jeder Aufruf von su in dieser Datei protokolliert\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_NAME\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBSU_NAME\fR (string) .RS 4 Damit kann die Anzeige des Namens des Befehls festgelegt werden, wenn \(Fcsu \-\(Fo ausgef\(:uhrt wird\&. Wenn beispielsweise dies auf \(Fcsu\(Fo gesetzt wurde, zeigt \(Fcps\(Fo den Befehl als \(Fc\-su\(Fo an\&. Wenn es dagegen nicht vergeben wurde, wird \(Fcps\(Fo den Namen der Shell anzeigen, die ausgef\(:uhrt wird, also etwa \(Fc\-sh\(Fo\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (boolesch) +\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Falls -\fIyes\fR, muss der Benutzer Mitglied der ersten Gruppe mit der GID 0 in +If +\fIyes\fR, the user must be listed as a member of the first gid 0 group in /etc/group -sein (auf den meisten Linux\-Systemen hei\(sst die -\fIroot\fR), um mit +(called +\fIroot\fR +on most Linux systems) to be able to \fBsu\fR -zu einem Konto mit der UID 0 wechseln zu k\(:onnen\&. Falls die Gruppe nicht existiert oder keine Mitglieder hat, kann niemand mittels +to uid 0 accounts\&. If the group doesn\*(Aqt exist or is empty, no one will be able to \fBsu\fR -zur UID 0 wechseln\&. +to uid 0\&. .RE .PP \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (number) @@ -522,123 +517,117 @@ The default values for are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (Zahl), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (Zahl) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Bereich von Gruppen\-IDs, aus dem die Programme +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -oder -\fBnewusers\fR -bei der Erstellung von Systemgruppen ausw\(:ahlen d\(:urfen +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Der Standardwert f\(:ur +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -ist 101, f\(:ur -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR -\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1\&. +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. +\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (Zahl), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (Zahl) +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Bereich von Benutzer\-IDs, aus dem die Programme +Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by \fBuseradd\fR -oder -\fBnewusers\fR -bei der Erstellung von Systembenutzern ausw\(:ahlen d\(:urfen +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Der Standardwert f\(:ur +The default value for \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -ist 101, f\(:ur -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR -\fBUID_MIN\fR\-1\&. +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. +\fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -aktiviert das Protokollieren der Aktivit\(:aten von +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsg\fR -in \(Fcsyslog\(Fo +activity\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -aktiviert das Protokollieren der Aktivit\(:aten von +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsu\fR -in \(Fcsyslog\(Fo neben der Protokollierung in der sulog\-Datei +activity \- in addition to sulog file logging\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYGROUP\fR (Zeichenkette), \fBTTYPERM\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBTTYGROUP\fR (string), \fBTTYPERM\fR (string) .RS 4 -Die Rechte des Terminals: Das Anmelde\-tty geh\(:ort der Gruppe +The terminal permissions: the login tty will be owned by the \fBTTYGROUP\fR -an, die Rechte werden auf -\fBTTYPERM\fR -gesetzt\&. +group, and the permissions will be set to +\fBTTYPERM\fR\&. .sp -Standardm\(:a\(ssig ist der Eigent\(:umer des Terminals die Hauptgruppe des Benutzers, die Rechte werden auf -\fI0600\fR -gesetzt\&. +By default, the ownership of the terminal is set to the user\*(Aqs primary group and the permissions are set to +\fI0600\fR\&. .sp \fBTTYGROUP\fR -kann der Gruppenname oder die als Zahl ausgedr\(:uckte Gruppen\-ID sein\&. +can be either the name of a group or a numeric group identifier\&. .sp -Wenn Sie ein -\fBwrite\fR\-Programm haben, das \(Fcsetgid\(Fo f\(:ur eine Gruppe besitzt, der das Terminal geh\(:ort, sollten Sie TTYGROUP die Gruppennummer und TTYPERM den Wert 0620 zuweisen\&. Oder Sie sollten TTYGROUP als Kommentar belassen und TTYPERM den Wert 622 oder 600 zuweisen\&. +If you have a +\fBwrite\fR +program which is "setgid" to a special group which owns the terminals, define TTYGROUP to the group number and TTYPERM to 0620\&. Otherwise leave TTYGROUP commented out and assign TTYPERM to either 622 or 600\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Falls angegeben, eine Datei, welche einer tty\-Zeile den Umgebungsparameter TERM zuweist\&. Jede Zeile hat das Format wie etwa \(Fcvt100 tty01\(Fo\&. .RE .PP -\fBUID_MAX\fR (Zahl), \fBUID_MIN\fR (Zahl) +\fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Bereich von Benutzer\-IDs, aus dem die Programme +Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by \fBuseradd\fR -oder -\fBnewusers\fR -bei der Erstellung normaler Benutzer ausw\(:ahlen d\(:urfen +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Der Standardwert f\(:ur +The default value for \fBUID_MIN\fR -ist 1000, f\(:ur -\fBUID_MAX\fR -60\&.000\&. +(resp\&. +\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBULIMIT\fR (Zahl) +\fBULIMIT\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Standardwert von +Default \fBulimit\fR +value\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (Zahl) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 Die Bit\-Gruppe, welche die Rechte von erstellten Dateien bestimmt, wird anf\(:anglich auf diesen Wert gesetzt\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird sie auf 022 gesetzt\&. .sp \fBuseradd\fR -und +and \fBnewusers\fR -verwenden diese Bit\-Gruppe, um die Rechte des von ihnen erstellten Home\-Verzeichnisses zu setzen\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Sie wird auch von +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -verwendet, um die anf\(:angliche Umask eines Benutzers zu bestimmen\&. Beachten Sie, dass diese Bit\-Gruppe durch die GECOS\-Zeile des Benutzers (wenn +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -gesetzt wurde) oder die Festlegung eines Limits in -\fBlimits\fR(5) -mit der Kennung +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -\(:uberschrieben werden kann\&. +identifier in +\fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (string) .RS 4 Falls angegeben, wird dieser Befehl ausgef\(:uhrt, wenn ein Benutzer entfernt wird\&. Damit k\(:onnen At\-, Cron\- und Druckauftr\(:age etc\&. des entfernten Benutzers (wird als erstes Argument \(:ubergeben) gel\(:oscht werden\&. .sp Der R\(:uckgabewert des Skripts wird nicht ausgewertet\&. .sp -Dies ist ein Beispielsskript, das die cron\-, at\- und Druckauftr\(:age des Benutzers entfernt: +Here is an example script, which removes the user\*(Aqs cron, at and print jobs: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -646,45 +635,44 @@ Dies ist ein Beispielsskript, das die cron\-, at\- und Druckauftr\(:age des Benu .nf #! /bin/sh -# Pr\(:ufen, ob das ben\(:otigte Argument angegeben wurde +# Check for the required argument\&. if [ $# != 1 ]; then - echo "Verwendungsweise: $0 Benutzername" + echo "Usage: $0 username" exit 1 fi -# cron\-Auftr\(:age entfernen +# Remove cron jobs\&. crontab \-r \-u $1 -# at\-Auftr\(:age entfernen\&. -# Hinweis: Dies wird alle Auftr\(:age entfernen, die der gleichen UID -# geh\(:oren, selbst wenn sie von einem Benutzer mit einem anderen Namen -# eingerichtet wurden\&. +# Remove at jobs\&. +# Note that it will remove any jobs owned by the same UID, +# even if it was shared by a different username\&. AT_SPOOL_DIR=/var/spool/cron/atjobs find $AT_SPOOL_DIR \-name "[^\&.]*" \-type f \-user $1 \-delete \e; -# Druck\-Auftr\(:age entfernen +# Remove print jobs\&. lprm $1 -# Fertig +# All done\&. exit 0 .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} +.sp .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Erlaubt Benutzern, die nicht Root sind, die Umask\-Gruppen\-Bits auf ihre Umask\-Bits zu setzen (Beispiel: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007), falls die UID mit der GID identisch ist sowie der Benutzername mit dem Gruppennamen \(:ubereinstimmt\&. .sp -Wenn der Wert -\fIyes\fR -ist, wird +If set to +\fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -die Gruppe des Benutzers entfernen, falls sie keine Mitglieder mehr hat, und +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -wird standardm\(:a\(ssig eine Gruppe mit dem Namen des Benutzers erstellen\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "QUERVERWEISE" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man5/passwd.5 b/man/de/man5/passwd.5 index eb990268..2edd728e 100644 --- a/man/de/man5/passwd.5 +++ b/man/de/man5/passwd.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: passwd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dateiformate und konvertierung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "PASSWD" "5" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" +.TH "PASSWD" "5" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ passwd \- die Passwortdatei .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP /etc/passwd -enth\(:alt einen Eintrag pro Benutzerkonto, wobei jeder Eintrag sieben Felder besitzt, die durch Doppelpunkt (\(Bq:\(lq) getrennt sind\&. Diese Felder sind: +contains one line for each user account, with seven fields delimited by colons (\(Bq:\(lq)\&. These fields are: .sp .RS 4 .ie n \{\ @@ -111,41 +111,55 @@ Home\-Verzeichnis des Benutzers optional Befehlsinterpreter des Benutzers .RE .PP -Das Feld f\(:ur das verschl\(:usselte Passwort kann leer sein\&. In diesem Fall wird kein Passwort ben\(:otigt, um sich beim System anzumelden\&. Allerdings werden einige Anwendung, die -/etc/passwd -auswerten, -\fIkeinen\fR -Zugriff erlauben, wenn das -\fIPasswort\fR\-Feld leer ist\&. Wenn das -\fIPasswort\fR\-Feld ein kleines -\(Bqx\(lq -enth\(:alt, ist das Passwort in der Datei +If the +\fIpassword\fR +field is a lower\-case +\(Bqx\(lq, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the \fBshadow\fR(5) -gespeichert\&. Es -\fImuss\fR -sich dann ein passender Eintrag in +file instead; there +\fImust\fR +be a corresponding line in the /etc/shadow -befinden, oder das Benutzerkonto ist ung\(:ultig\&. Wenn das -\fIPasswort\fR\-Feld eine andere Zeichenkette enth\(:alt, wird diese als ein verschl\(:usseltes Passwort behandelt\&. Genaueres dazu befindet sich unter -\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. +file, or else the user account is invalid\&. +.PP +The encrypted +\fIpassword\fR +field may be empty, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the +/etc/passwd +file may decide not to permit +\fIany\fR +access at all if the +\fIpassword\fR +field is blank\&. +.PP +A +\fIpassword\fR +field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the +\fIpassword\fR +field before the password was locked\&. +.PP +Refer to +\fBcrypt\fR(3) +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. +.PP +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)\&. .PP -Das Kommentarfeld wird von verschiedenen Systemprogrammen wie z\&.B\&. -\fBfinger\fR(1) -ausgewertet\&. +The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as +\fBfinger\fR(1)\&. .PP -Das Feld f\(:ur das Home\-Verzeichnis gibt den Namen f\(:ur das anf\(:angliche Arbeitsverzeichnis an\&. Das Programm +The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory\&. The \fBlogin\fR -benutzt diese Information, um den Wert der Umgebungsvariable +program uses this information to set the value of the \fB$HOME\fR -zu setzen\&. +environmental variable\&. .PP -Das Feld f\(:ur den Befehlsinterpreter enth\(:alt den Namen des Befehlssprachen\-Interpreters des Benutzers oder den Namen des Programms, das zuerst ausgef\(:uhrt werden soll\&. Das Programm +The command interpreter field provides the name of the user\*(Aqs command language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute\&. The \fBlogin\fR -benutzt diese Information, um den Wert der Umgebungsvariable +program uses this information to set the value of the \fB$SHELL\fR -zu setzen\&. Falls dieses Feld leer ist, wird ihm standardm\(:a\(ssig der Wert -/bin/sh -zugewiesen\&. +environmental variable\&. If this field is empty, it defaults to the value +/bin/sh\&. .SH "DATEIEN" .PP /etc/passwd diff --git a/man/de/man5/porttime.5 b/man/de/man5/porttime.5 index 49a6456f..7b71f5a2 100644 --- a/man/de/man5/porttime.5 +++ b/man/de/man5/porttime.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: porttime .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dateiformate und konvertierung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" +.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,42 +32,41 @@ porttime \- Datei f\(:ur zeitlich begrenzten Zugang zu Ports .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP \fIporttime\fR -enth\(:alt eine Liste von tty\-Ger\(:aten, Benutzernamen und zul\(:assigen Anmeldezeiten\&. +contains a list of tty devices, user names, and permitted login times\&. .PP Jeder Eintrag besteht aus drei Feldern, die durch Doppelpunkte getrennt sind\&. Das erste Feld enth\(:alt eine Liste von tty\-Ger\(:aten, die durch Kommata getrennt sind, oder einen Stern, was bedeutet, dass dieser Eintrag auf alle tty\-Ger\(:ate zutrifft\&. Das zweite Feld enth\(:alt eine Liste von Benutzernamen, die durch Kommata getrennt sind, oder einen Stern, was bedeutet, dass dieser Eintrag auf alle Benutzernamen zutrifft\&. Das dritte Feld ist eine Liste von Anmeldezeiten, die durch Kommata getrennt sind\&. .PP -Jeder Zeiteintrag kann aus einem oder mehreren Wochentagen bestehen, die mit +Each access time entry consists of zero or more days of the week, abbreviated \fISu\fR, \fIMo\fR, \fITu\fR, \fIWe\fR, \fITh\fR, -\fIFr\fR -und -\fISa\fR -abgek\(:urzt werden\&. Danach folgt die Angabe von zwei Uhrzeiten, die durch einen Bindestrich getrennt sind\&. Mit der Abk\(:urzung +\fIFr\fR, and +\fISa\fR, followed by a pair of times separated by a hyphen\&. The abbreviation \fIWk\fR -wird Montag bis Freitag bezeichnet\&. Mit +may be used to represent Monday thru Friday, and \fIAl\fR -wird jeder Tag gew\(:ahlt\&. Falls keine Tage angegeben werden, wird +may be used to indicate every day\&. If no days are given, \fIAl\fR -angenommen\&. +is assumed\&. .SH "BEISPIELE" .PP -Der folgende Eintrag erlaubt dem Benutzer +The following entry allows access to user \fBjfh\fR -Zugriff auf jeden Port w\(:ahrend Werktagen von 9 bis 17 Uhr\&. +on every port during weekdays from 9am to 5pm\&. .PP *:jfh:Wk0900\-1700 .PP -Die folgenden Eintr\(:age erlauben nur den Benutzern +The following entries allow access only to the users \fIroot\fR -und +and \fIoper\fR -jederzeit Zugriff auf -/dev/console\&. Hier ist auch ersichtlich, dass +on +/dev/console +at any time\&. This illustrates how the /etc/porttime -eine geordnete Liste der Zugriffszeiten ist\&. Jeder andere Benutzer f\(:allt unter den zweiten Eintrag, welcher Zugriff zu keiner Zeit erlaubt\&. +file is an ordered list of access times\&. Any other user would match the second entry which does not permit access at any time\&. .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -81,9 +80,9 @@ eine geordnete Liste der Zugriffszeiten ist\&. Jeder andere Benutzer f\(:allt un .RE .\} .PP -Der folgende Eintrag erlaubt dem Benutzer +The following entry allows access for the user \fIgames\fR -Zugriff auf jeden Port au\(sserhalb von Arbeitszeiten\&. +on any port during non\-working hours\&. .PP *:games:Wk1700\-0900,SaSu0000\-2400 .SH "DATEIEN" diff --git a/man/de/man5/shadow.5 b/man/de/man5/shadow.5 index ff919294..4fa60598 100644 --- a/man/de/man5/shadow.5 +++ b/man/de/man5/shadow.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: shadow .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dateiformate und konvertierung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "SHADOW" "5" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" +.TH "SHADOW" "5" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ shadow \- Shadow\-Passwortdatei .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP shadow -ist eine Datei, welche die Passwortinformationen f\(:ur die Konten des Systems und fakultativ Informationen zum Verfall der Passw\(:orter enth\(:alt\&. +is a file which contains the password information for the system\*(Aqs accounts and optional aging information\&. .PP Um die Sicherheit der Passw\(:orter zu gew\(:ahrleisten, darf diese Datei nicht f\(:ur normale Benutzer lesbar sein\&. .PP -Jede Zeile dieser Datei enth\(:alt folgende neun Felder, die durch Doppelpunkt (\(Bq:\(lq) getrennt werden: +Each line of this file contains 9 fields, separated by colons (\(Bq:\(lq), in the following order: .PP \fBAnmeldename\fR .RS 4 @@ -45,19 +45,18 @@ Dabei muss es sich um eine g\(:ultigen Kontonamen handeln, der auf dem System ex .PP \fBverschl\(:usseltes Passwort\fR .RS 4 -Sie sollten in -\fBcrypt\fR(3) -nachsehen, wenn Sie mehr \(:uber die Bedeutung dieser Zeichenkette wissen wollen\&. -.sp -Wenn das Passwortfeld eine Zeichenkette enth\(:alt, die kein zul\(:assiges Ergebnis von -\fBcrypt\fR(3) -ist, z\&.B\&. ! oder *, kann sich der Benutzer nicht mit einem Unix\-Passwort anmelden; eine Anmeldung auf anderem Wege wird dadurch nicht verhindert\&. -.sp -Dieses Feld kann leer bleiben\&. In diesem Fall kann sich der angegebene Benutzer ohne Passwort anmelden\&. M\(:oglicherweise verweigern Anwendungen, welche die Datei +This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the /etc/shadow -auswerten, dennoch den Zugang, wenn das Passwortfeld leer ist\&. +file may decide not to permit any access at all if the password field is empty\&. .sp A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked\&. +.sp +Refer to +\fBcrypt\fR(3) +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. +.sp +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)\&. .RE .PP \fBDatum, an dem das Passwort das letzte Mal ge\(:andert wurde\fR diff --git a/man/de/man5/suauth.5 b/man/de/man5/suauth.5 index dbc52493..1458c6cd 100644 --- a/man/de/man5/suauth.5 +++ b/man/de/man5/suauth.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: suauth .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Dateiformate und konvertierung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "SUAUTH" "5" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" +.TH "SUAUTH" "5" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Dateiformate und konvertierung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ suauth \- ausf\(:uhrliche Kontrolldatei f\(:ur su \fB/etc/suauth\fR .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Wenn der Befehl su aufgerufen wird, wird die Datei +The file /etc/suauth -ausgewertet\&. Dadurch kann das Verhalten des Befehls su ver\(:andert werden\&. Dies h\(:angt von Folgendem ab: +is referenced whenever the su command is called\&. It can change the behaviour of the su command, based upon: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -57,16 +57,17 @@ Die Datei ist folgenderma\(ssen aufgebaut, wobei Zeilen, die mit einem # beginne .RS 4 .\} .nf - Herkunfts\-ID:Ziel\-ID:AKTION + to\-id:from\-id:ACTION .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} .PP -Hierbei kann to\-id -\fIALL\fR, eine Aufz\(:ahlung von Benutzernamen, die durch ein \(Fc,\(Fo getrennt werden, oder -\fIALL EXCEPT\fR, die von einer Aufz\(:ahlung von Benutzernamen gefolgt werden, die durch ein \(Fc,\(Fo getrennt werden, sein\&. +Where to\-id is either the word +\fIALL\fR, a list of usernames delimited by "," or the words +\fIALL EXCEPT\fR +followed by a list of usernames delimited by ","\&. .PP from\-id is formatted the same as to\-id except the extra word \fIGROUP\fR @@ -102,22 +103,22 @@ Beachten Sie, dass es sich um drei selbst\(:andige Felder handelt, die durch ein .RS 4 .\} .nf - # /etc/suauth\-Beispielsdatei + # sample /etc/suauth file # - # Einige besondere Benutzer d\(:urfen su - # auf Root mit ihrem eigenen Passwort ausf\(:uhren\&. + # A couple of privileged usernames may + # su to root with their own password\&. # root:chris,birddog:OWNPASS # - # Alle anderen Benutzer d\(:urfen nicht su auf Root - # ausf\(:uhren, falls sie nicht in der Gruppe wheel - # sind\&. Dies wird bei BSD so gehandhabt\&. + # Anyone else may not su to root unless in + # group wheel\&. This is how BSD does things\&. # root:ALL EXCEPT GROUP wheel:DENY # - # Die Konten terry und birddog geh\(:oren derselben - # Person\&. Sie k\(:onnen ohne Passwort aufeinander - # zugreifen\&. + # Perhaps terry and birddog are accounts + # owned by the same person\&. + # Access can be arranged between them + # with no password\&. # terry:birddog:NOPASS birddog:terry:NOPASS @@ -137,9 +138,9 @@ Beachten Sie, dass es sich um drei selbst\(:andige Felder handelt, die durch ein Es gibt zahlreiche Fehlerquellen\&. Die Auswertung der Datei ist sehr empfindlich bei Syntaxfehlern, zus\(:atzlichen Leerzeichen (au\(sser am Anfang und Schluss einer Zeile) und dem besonderen Zeichen, das die verschiedenen Felder von einander trennt\&. .SH "DIAGNOSE" .PP -Fehler beim Auswerten der Datei werden an +An error parsing the file is reported using \fBsyslogd\fR(8) -mit der Stufe ERR an das Ger\(:at AUTH gemeldet\&. +as level ERR on facility AUTH\&. .SH "SIEHE AUCH" .PP \fBsu\fR(1)\&. diff --git a/man/de/man8/chgpasswd.8 b/man/de/man8/chgpasswd.8 index a106d299..efb79301 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/chgpasswd.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/chgpasswd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chgpasswd .\" Author: Thomas K\(/loczko <kloczek@pld.org.pl> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "CHGPASSWD" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "CHGPASSWD" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,13 +34,14 @@ chgpasswd \- aktualisiert Gruppenpassw\(:orter im Batch\-Modus \fBchgpasswd\fR [\fIOptionen\fR] .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBchgpasswd\fR -liest eine Liste von Gruppenname\-Passwort\-Paaren von der Standardeingabe\&. Damit werden Gruppendaten aktualisiert\&. Jede Zeile muss folgendes Format haben: +command reads a list of group name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a set of existing groups\&. Each line is of the format: .PP -\fIGruppenname\fR:\fIPasswort\fR +\fIgroup_name\fR:\fIpassword\fR .PP -Das Passwort wird standardm\(:a\(ssig im Klartext angegeben\&. Die Standardalgorithmus zur Verschl\(:usselung ist DES\&. +By default the supplied password must be in clear\-text, and is encrypted by +\fBchgpasswd\fR\&. .PP The default encryption algorithm can be defined for the system with the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR @@ -54,9 +55,9 @@ options\&. Dieser Befehl ist f\(:ur den Einsatz in gro\(ssen Umgebungen vorgesehen, in der viele Konten gleichzeitig erstellt werden m\(:ussen\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBchgpasswd\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR .RS 4 @@ -80,12 +81,13 @@ zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm werwendet zur Verschl\(:usselung MD5 anstelle von DES, wenn die Passw\(:orter unverschl\(:usselt angegeben werden .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR @@ -98,9 +100,8 @@ Der Mindestwert ist 1000, der H\(:ochstwert 999\&.999\&.999\&. .sp Sie k\(:onnen diese Option nur mit den Verschl\(:usselungsmethoden SHA256 und SHA512 verwenden\&. .sp -Standardm\(:a\(ssig wird die Anzahl der Runden mit den Variablen SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS und SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS in -/etc/login\&.defs -definiert\&. +By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .SH "WARNUNGEN" .PP @@ -109,28 +110,29 @@ Achten Sie darauf, dass die Rechte und Umask korrekt vergeben sind, um zu verhin Sie sollten darauf achten, dass Passw\(:orter und Verschl\(:usselungsmethode in Einklage mit der Passwortrichtlinie des Systems stehen\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Damit wird der standardm\(:a\(ssige Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus, mit dem Passw\(:orter verschl\(:usselt werden, bestimmt (soweit nicht in der Befehlszeile ein Algorithmus angegeben wird)\&. .sp -Ihm kann einer der folgenden Wert zugewiesen werden: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR (default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Hinweis: Dieser Parameter \(:uberschreibt die Variable -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (Zahl) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Maximale Anzahl von Mitgliedern je Gruppeneintrag\&. Wenn das Maximum erreicht wird, wird ein weiterer Eintrag in +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(mit dem gleichen Namen, dem gleichen Passwort und der gleichen GID) erstellt\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Der Standardwert ist 0, was zur Folge hat, dass die Anzahl der Mitglieder einer Gruppe nicht begrenzt ist\&. .sp @@ -141,32 +143,30 @@ Falls Sie eine solche Begrenzung ben\(:otigen, k\(:onnen Sie 25 verwenden\&. Hinweis: Aufgeteilte Gruppen werden m\(:oglicherweise nicht von allen Werkzeugen unterst\(:utzt, selbst nicht aus der Shadow\-Werkzeugsammlung\&. Sie sollten diese Variable nur setzen, falls Sie zwingend darauf angewiesen sind\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Legt fest, ob Passw\(:orter mit dem auf MD5 beruhenden Algorithmus verschl\(:usselt werden\&. Falls diesem Wert -\fIyes\fR -zugewiesen ist, werden neue Passw\(:orter mit dem auf MD5 beruhenden Algorithmus verschl\(:usselt, der zu dem in der aktuellen Ver\(:offentlichung von FreeBSD eingesetzten Algorithmus kompatibel ist\&. Passw\(:orter k\(:onnen dann beliebig lang sein, auch die Salt\-Zeichenketten sind l\(:anger\&. Setzen Sie diesen Wert auf -\fIno\fR, wenn Sie verschl\(:usselte Passw\(:orter auf ein anderes System kopieren m\(:ochten, das den neuen Algorithmus nicht versteht\&. Der Standardwert ist +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Dieser Variable geht die Variable +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -und eine Option auf der Befehlszeile, mit der der Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus bestimmt wird, vor\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Der Einsatz dieser Variable ist veraltet\&. Sie sollten -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -verwenden\&. +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (Zahl), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (Zahl) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Wenn +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -auf +is set to \fISHA256\fR -oder -\fISHA512\fR -gesetzt ist, legt dies die Anzahl der Runden von SHA fest, die standardm\(:a\(ssig vom Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus verwendet werden (falls die Anzahl der Runden nicht auf der Befehlszeile angegeben wird)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Je mehr Runden Sie definieren, umso schwieriger ist es, das Passwort mit sturem Durchprobieren (brute force) zu knacken; umso mehr Rechenleistung wird jedoch auch f\(:ur die Anmeldung eines Benutzers ben\(:otigt\&. .sp @@ -174,16 +174,16 @@ Falls Sie nichts angeben, wird libc die Standardanzahl der Runden festlegen (500 .sp Die Werte m\(:ussen zwischen 1000\-999\&.999\&.999 liegen\&. .sp -Falls nur der Wert f\(:ur +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -oder +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -festgelegt wird, wird dieser Wert verwendet\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Falls +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, wird der h\(:ohere Wert verwendet\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man8/chpasswd.8 b/man/de/man8/chpasswd.8 index 73db8476..b8d5bd10 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/chpasswd.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/chpasswd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chpasswd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "CHPASSWD" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "CHPASSWD" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,15 +34,14 @@ chpasswd \- aktualisiert Passw\(:orter im Batch\-Modus \fBchpasswd\fR [\fIOptionen\fR] .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBchpasswd\fR -liest eine Liste von Benutzername\-Passwort\-Paaren von der Standardeingabe\&. Damit werden Benutzerdaten aktualisiert\&. Jede Zeile muss folgendes Format haben: +command reads a list of user name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a group of existing users\&. Each line is of the format: .PP -\fIBenutzername\fR:\fIPasswort\fR +\fIuser_name\fR:\fIpassword\fR .PP -Das Passwort muss standardm\(:a\(ssig im Klartext angegeben werden und von -\fBchpasswd\fR -verschl\(:usselt\&. Soweit vorhanden, wird auch das Alter des Passworts aktualisiert\&. +By default the passwords must be supplied in clear\-text, and are encrypted by +\fBchpasswd\fR\&. Also the password age will be updated, if present\&. .PP The default encryption algorithm can be defined for the system with the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR @@ -61,28 +60,26 @@ first updates all the passwords in memory, and then commits all the changes to d Dieser Befehl ist f\(:ur den Einsatz in gro\(ssen Umgebungen vorgesehen, in der viele Konten gleichzeitig erstellt werden m\(:ussen\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBchpasswd\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR\ \&\fIMETHODE\fR +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR\ \&\fIMETHOD\fR .RS 4 Definiert die Methode, mit der die Passw\(:orter verschl\(:usselt werden\&. .sp Die verf\(:ugbaren Methoden sind DES, MD5, NONE und SHA256 oder SHA512, soweit Ihre libc sie unterst\(:utzt\&. .sp -Standardm\(:a\(ssig (wenn keine der Optionen +By default (if none of the \fB\-c\fR, -\fB\-m\fR -oder +\fB\-m\fR, or \fB\-e\fR -angegeben wird) wird die Verschl\(:usselungsmethode durch die Variablen +options are specified), the encryption method is defined by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -oder +or \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -in -/etc/login\&.defs -bestimmt\&. +variables of +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP \fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-encrypted\fR @@ -100,15 +97,16 @@ zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm werwendet zur Verschl\(:usselung MD5 anstelle von DES, wenn die Passw\(:orter unverschl\(:usselt angegeben werden .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR\ \&\fIRUNDEN\fR +\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR\ \&\fIROUNDS\fR .RS 4 Verwendet die angegebene Anzahl von Runden, um die Passw\(:orter zu verschl\(:usseln\&. .sp @@ -118,61 +116,60 @@ Der Mindestwert ist 1000, der H\(:ochstwert 999\&.999\&.999\&. .sp Sie k\(:onnen diese Option nur mit den Verschl\(:usselungsmethoden SHA256 und SHA512 verwenden\&. .sp -Standardm\(:a\(ssig wird die Anzahl der Runden von den Variablen +By default, the number of rounds is defined by the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -und +and \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -/etc/login\&.defs -bestimmt\&. +variables in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .SH "WARNUNGEN" .PP Achten Sie darauf, dass die Rechte und Umask korrekt vergeben sind, um zu verhindern, dass andere Benutzer unverschl\(:usselte Dateien lesen k\(:onnen\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Damit wird der standardm\(:a\(ssige Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus, mit dem Passw\(:orter verschl\(:usselt werden, bestimmt (soweit nicht in der Befehlszeile ein Algorithmus angegeben wird)\&. .sp -Ihm kann einer der folgenden Wert zugewiesen werden: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR (default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Hinweis: Dieser Parameter \(:uberschreibt die Variable -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Legt fest, ob Passw\(:orter mit dem auf MD5 beruhenden Algorithmus verschl\(:usselt werden\&. Falls diesem Wert -\fIyes\fR -zugewiesen ist, werden neue Passw\(:orter mit dem auf MD5 beruhenden Algorithmus verschl\(:usselt, der zu dem in der aktuellen Ver\(:offentlichung von FreeBSD eingesetzten Algorithmus kompatibel ist\&. Passw\(:orter k\(:onnen dann beliebig lang sein, auch die Salt\-Zeichenketten sind l\(:anger\&. Setzen Sie diesen Wert auf -\fIno\fR, wenn Sie verschl\(:usselte Passw\(:orter auf ein anderes System kopieren m\(:ochten, das den neuen Algorithmus nicht versteht\&. Der Standardwert ist +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Dieser Variable geht die Variable +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -und eine Option auf der Befehlszeile, mit der der Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus bestimmt wird, vor\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Der Einsatz dieser Variable ist veraltet\&. Sie sollten -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -verwenden\&. +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (Zahl), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (Zahl) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Wenn +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -auf +is set to \fISHA256\fR -oder -\fISHA512\fR -gesetzt ist, legt dies die Anzahl der Runden von SHA fest, die standardm\(:a\(ssig vom Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus verwendet werden (falls die Anzahl der Runden nicht auf der Befehlszeile angegeben wird)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Je mehr Runden Sie definieren, umso schwieriger ist es, das Passwort mit sturem Durchprobieren (brute force) zu knacken; umso mehr Rechenleistung wird jedoch auch f\(:ur die Anmeldung eines Benutzers ben\(:otigt\&. .sp @@ -180,16 +177,16 @@ Falls Sie nichts angeben, wird libc die Standardanzahl der Runden festlegen (500 .sp Die Werte m\(:ussen zwischen 1000\-999\&.999\&.999 liegen\&. .sp -Falls nur der Wert f\(:ur +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -oder +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -festgelegt wird, wird dieser Wert verwendet\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Falls +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, wird der h\(:ohere Wert verwendet\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP @@ -211,4 +208,5 @@ Konfiguration der Shadow\-Passwort\-Werkzeugsammlung .PP \fBpasswd\fR(1), \fBnewusers\fR(8), -\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&. +\fBlogin.defs\fR(5), +\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&. diff --git a/man/de/man8/faillog.8 b/man/de/man8/faillog.8 index 50b991a4..907978e0 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/faillog.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/faillog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "FAILLOG" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "FAILLOG" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -35,34 +35,33 @@ faillog \- zeigt Aufzeichnungen der fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldungen an oder richtet .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP \fBfaillog\fR -zeigt den Inhalt der Datenbank der fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldungen (/var/log/faillog) an\&. Es kann auch die Z\(:ahlung und Beschr\(:ankung der Fehlversuche verwalten\&. Wenn +displays the contents of the failure log database (/var/log/faillog)\&. It can also set the failure counters and limits\&. When \fBfaillog\fR -ohne Optionen ausgef\(:uhrt wird, wird nur die Liste der fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldungen aller Benutzer angezeigt, deren Anmeldung jemals gescheitert ist\&. +is run without arguments, it only displays the faillog records of the users who had a login failure\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBfaillog\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR .RS 4 -zeigt (oder bearbeitet) die faillog\-Eintr\(:age aller Benutzer, die einen Eintrag in der Datenbank +Display (or act on) faillog records for all users having an entry in the faillog -haben +database\&. .sp -Die Spanne der Benutzer kann mit der Option +The range of users can be restricted with the \fB\-u\fR -eingegrenzt werden\&. +option\&. .sp Im Anzeigemodus ist dies auf vorhandene Benutzer beschr\(:ankt, erzwingt aber die Anzeige der Faillog\-Eintr\(:age, auch wenn diese leer sind\&. .sp -Mit den Optionen +With the \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-m\fR, -\fB\-r\fR -und +\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-t\fR -werden die Benutzereintr\(:age selbst dann ge\(:andert, wenn der Benutzer auf dem System nicht vorhanden ist\&. Dies kann sinnvoll sein, wenn die Eintr\(:age von gel\(:oschten Benutzer zur\(:uckgesetzt werden sollen oder vorsorglich eine Richtlinie f\(:ur eine Anzahl von Benutzern eingerichtet werden soll\&. +options, the users\*(Aq records are changed, even if the user does not exist on the system\&. This is useful to reset records of users that have been deleted or to set a policy in advance for a range of users\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -70,91 +69,90 @@ werden die Benutzereintr\(:age selbst dann ge\(:andert, wenn der Benutzer auf de zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm .RE .PP -\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-lock\-secs\fR\ \&\fISEK\fR +\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-lock\-secs\fR\ \&\fISEC\fR .RS 4 -sperrt nach einer fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldung das Konto f\(:ur -\fISEK\fR -Sekunden +Lock account for +\fISEC\fR +seconds after failed login\&. .sp -F\(:ur diese Option muss ein Schreibzugriff auf +Write access to /var/log/faillog -bestehen\&. +is required for this option\&. .RE .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-maximum\fR\ \&\fIMAX\fR .RS 4 -setzt den Z\(:ahler der fehlgeschlagene Anmeldungen, nach denen das Konto abgeschaltet wird, auf -\fIMAX\fR +Set the maximum number of login failures after the account is disabled to +\fIMAX\fR\&. .sp -Wenn +Selecting a \fIMAX\fR -den Wert 0 hat, besteht keine Beschr\(:ankung f\(:ur die Anzahl fehlgeschlagener Anmeldeversuche\&. +value of 0 has the effect of not placing a limit on the number of failed logins\&. .sp -F\(:ur +The maximum failure count should always be 0 for \fIroot\fR -sollte der Wert der maximalen Anmeldeversuche immer 0 betragen, um eine durch einen Angriff ausgel\(:oste Dienstverweigerung (denial of service) zu verhindern\&. +to prevent a denial of services attack against the system\&. .sp -F\(:ur diese Option muss ein Schreibzugriff auf +Write access to /var/log/faillog -bestehen\&. +is required for this option\&. .RE .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-reset\fR .RS 4 setzt die Z\(:ahlerst\(:ande der fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldeversuche zur\(:uck .sp -F\(:ur diese Option muss ein Schreibzugriff auf +Write access to /var/log/faillog -bestehen\&. +is required for this option\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fITAGE\fR +\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -zeigt die Eintr\(:age der fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldungen an, die aktueller als -\fITAGE\fR -sind +Display faillog records more recent than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIMENGE\fR +\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIRANGE\fR .RS 4 -zeigt die Aufzeichnungen der fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldungen nur der angegebenen Benutzer an oder bearbeitet (wenn mit den Optionen +Display faillog record or maintains failure counters and limits (if used with \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-m\fR -oder +or \fB\-r\fR -verwendet) nur deren Z\(:ahlerst\(:ande und Beschr\(:ankungen +options) only for the specified user(s)\&. .sp -Die Bestimmung der Benutzer erfolgt durch ihren Anmeldenamen, ihrer zahlenm\(:a\(ssigen Benutzer\-ID oder einer -\fIMENGE\fR -von Benutzern\&. Diese -\fIMENGE\fR -kann mit Minimum\- und Maximumwerten (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), nur mit einem Maximumwert (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR) oder nur einem Minimumwert (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR) bestimmt werden\&. +The users can be specified by a login name, a numerical user ID, or a +\fIRANGE\fR +of users\&. This +\fIRANGE\fR +of users can be specified with a min and max values (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), a max value (\fI\-UID_MAX\fR), or a min value (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR)\&. .RE .PP -Wenn keine der Optionen +When none of the \fB\-l\fR, -\fB\-m\fR -oder +\fB\-m\fR, or \fB\-r\fR -verwendet wird, zeigt +options are used, \fBfaillog\fR -die Aufzeichnung der fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldeversuche der angegebenen Benutzer an\&. +displays the faillog record of the specified user(s)\&. .SH "WARNUNGEN" .PP \fBfaillog\fR -zeigt nur die Benutzer an, die sich seit der letzten fehlgeschlagenen Anmeldung nicht erfolgreich anmelden konnten\&. Um die \(:ubrigen Benutzer anzuzeigen, m\(:ussen Sie diese explizit mit der Option +only prints out users with no successful login since the last failure\&. To print out a user who has had a successful login since their last failure, you must explicitly request the user with the \fB\-u\fR -benennen oder sich alle Benutzer mit der Option +flag, or print out all users with the \fB\-a\fR -anzeigen lassen\&. +flag\&. .SH "DATEIEN" .PP /var/log/faillog diff --git a/man/de/man8/groupadd.8 b/man/de/man8/groupadd.8 index e2b693bc..1dc50fe1 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/groupadd.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/groupadd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupadd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,36 +34,36 @@ groupadd \- erstellt eine neue Gruppe \fBgroupadd\fR [\fIOptionen\fR] \fIGruppe\fR .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBgroupadd\fR -erstellt ein neues Gruppenkonto\&. Dabei verwendet er die Werte, die auf der Befehlszeile angegeben wurden, oder die Standardwerte des Systems\&. Soweit es notwendig ist, wird die neue Gruppe den Systemdateien hinzugef\(:ugt\&. +command creates a new group account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system\&. The new group will be entered into the system files as needed\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBgroupadd\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR .RS 4 -Die Option f\(:uhrt dazu, dass der Befehl nur dann erfolgreich beendet wird, wenn die angegebene Gruppe existiert\&. Falls diese Option zusammen mit der Option +This option causes the command to simply exit with success status if the specified group already exists\&. When used with +\fB\-g\fR, and the specified GID already exists, another (unique) GID is chosen (i\&.e\&. \fB\-g\fR -verwendet wird und die angegebene GID schon vergeben ist, wird eine andere, eindeutige GID gew\(:ahlt (d\&.h\&. -\fB\-g\fR -wird nicht beachtet)\&. +is turned off)\&. .RE .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGID\fR .RS 4 -Der zahlenm\(:a\(ssige Wert der Gruppen\-ID\&. Dieser Wert muss eindeutig sein, sofern nicht die Option +The numerical value of the group\*(Aqs ID\&. This value must be unique, unless the \fB\-o\fR -verwendet wird\&. Der Wert darf nicht negativ sein\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig wird der kleinste Wert gr\(:o\(sser als oder gleich +option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to \fBGID_MIN\fR -und gr\(:o\(sser als jeder andere Wert einer Gruppe verwendet\&. +and greater than every other group\&. .sp -Vergleichen Sie auch die Option +See also the \fB\-r\fR -und die Ausf\(:uhrungen zu -\fBGID_MAX\fR\&. +option and the +\fBGID_MAX\fR +description\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -71,18 +71,21 @@ und die Ausf\(:uhrungen zu zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm .RE .PP -\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fISCHL\(:USSEL\fR=\fIWERT\fR +\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIKEY\fR=\fIVALUE\fR .RS 4 -\(:Uberschreibt die Standardwerte von +Overrides /etc/login\&.defs -(GID_MIN, GID_MAX und weitere)\&. Diese Option kann mehrfach verwendet werden\&. +defaults (GID_MIN, GID_MAX and others)\&. Multiple +\fB\-K\fR +options can be specified\&. .sp -Beispiel: -\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR\ \&\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR +Example: +\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR\ \& +\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR .sp -Hinweis: +Note: \fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI10\fR,\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR -funktioniert noch nicht\&. +doesn\*(Aqt work yet\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR @@ -90,14 +93,13 @@ funktioniert noch nicht\&. Diese Option erlaubt es, eine Gruppe mit einer nicht eindeutigen GID zu erstellen\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORT\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -Das verschl\(:usselte Passwort, wie es von -\fBcrypt\fR(3) -zur\(:uckgegeben wird\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig ist das Passwort deaktiviert\&. +The encrypted password, as returned by +\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. The default is to disable the password\&. .sp -\fBHinweis:\fR -Diese Option ist nicht empfehlenswert, weil das Passwort (auch wenn es verschl\(:usselt ist) f\(:ur Benutzer sichtbar ist, die sich den Prozess anzeigen lassen\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Sie sollten sicherstellen, dass das Passwort den Passwortrichtlinien des Systems entspricht\&. .RE @@ -106,24 +108,20 @@ Sie sollten sicherstellen, dass das Passwort den Passwortrichtlinien des Systems .RS 4 erstellt eine neue Systemgruppe .sp -Die zahlenm\(:a\(ssige Kennung einer neuen Systemgruppe wird aus der Spanne von -\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -bis -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR -gew\(:ahlt, welche in -login\&.defs -festgelegt wird, anstelle von -\fBGID_MIN\fR -bis -\fBGID_MAX\fR\&. +The numeric identifiers of new system groups are chosen in the +\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR +range, defined in +login\&.defs, instead of +\fBGID_MIN\fR\-\fBGID_MAX\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -136,31 +134,28 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (Zahl), \fBGID_MIN\fR (Zahl) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Bereich von Gruppen\-IDs, aus dem die Programme +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -oder -\fBnewusers\fR -bei der Erstellung normaler Gruppen ausw\(:ahlen d\(:urfen +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Der Standardwert f\(:ur +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -ist 1000, f\(:ur -\fBGID_MAX\fR -60\&.000\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (Zahl) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Maximale Anzahl von Mitgliedern je Gruppeneintrag\&. Wenn das Maximum erreicht wird, wird ein weiterer Eintrag in +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(mit dem gleichen Namen, dem gleichen Passwort und der gleichen GID) erstellt\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Der Standardwert ist 0, was zur Folge hat, dass die Anzahl der Mitglieder einer Gruppe nicht begrenzt ist\&. .sp @@ -171,20 +166,18 @@ Falls Sie eine solche Begrenzung ben\(:otigen, k\(:onnen Sie 25 verwenden\&. Hinweis: Aufgeteilte Gruppen werden m\(:oglicherweise nicht von allen Werkzeugen unterst\(:utzt, selbst nicht aus der Shadow\-Werkzeugsammlung\&. Sie sollten diese Variable nur setzen, falls Sie zwingend darauf angewiesen sind\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (Zahl), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (Zahl) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Bereich von Gruppen\-IDs, aus dem die Programme +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -oder -\fBnewusers\fR -bei der Erstellung von Systemgruppen ausw\(:ahlen d\(:urfen +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Der Standardwert f\(:ur +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -ist 101, f\(:ur -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR -\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1\&. +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. +\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP @@ -206,49 +199,49 @@ Konfiguration der Shadow\-Passwort\-Werkzeugsammlung .PP Gruppennamen m\(:ussen mit einem Kleinbuchstaben oder einem Unterstrich beginnen\&. Nachfolgend d\(:urfen sie Kleinbuchstaben, Zahlen, Unterstriche und Gedankenstriche enthalten\&. Das letzte Zeichen darf auch ein Dollarzeichen sein\&. Als regul\(:arer Ausdruck: [a\-z_][a\-z0\-9_\-]*[$]? .PP -Gruppennamen d\(:urfen nur bis zu 16 Zeichen lang sein\&. +Groupnames may only be up to 16 characters long\&. .PP Sie k\(:onnen einen Benutzer nicht einer NIS\- oder LDAP\-Gruppe hinzuf\(:ugen\&. Dies m\(:ussen Sie auf dem entsprechenden Server durchf\(:uhren\&. .PP -Falls der Gruppenname bereits in einer externen Datenbank (wie etwa NIS oder LDAP) vergeben ist, wird +If the groupname already exists in an external group database such as NIS or LDAP, \fBgroupadd\fR -die Gruppe nicht erstellen\&. +will deny the group creation request\&. .SH "R\(:UCKGABEWERTE" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBgroupadd\fR -gibt beim Beenden folgende Werte zur\(:uck: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -Erfolg +success .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -unzul\(:assige Syntax f\(:ur diesen Befehl +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -ung\(:ultiges Argument f\(:ur Option +invalid argument to option .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -GID nicht eindeutig (wenn +GID not unique (when \fB\-o\fR -nicht angegeben wird) +not used) .RE .PP \fI9\fR .RS 4 -Gruppenname nicht eindeutig +group name not unique .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -Die Gruppendatei kann nicht aktualisieren werden\&. +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .SH "SIEHE AUCH" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man8/groupdel.8 b/man/de/man8/groupdel.8 index 34d75383..3d872c4c 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/groupdel.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/groupdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,28 +34,28 @@ groupdel \- l\(:oscht eine Gruppe \fBgroupdel\fR [\fIOptionen\fR] \fIGRUPPE\fR .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBgroupdel\fR -bearbeitet die Kontodateien des Systems und l\(:oscht darin alle Eintr\(:age, die auf die -\fIGruppe\fR -verweisen\&. Die bezeichnete Gruppe muss existieren\&. +command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to +\fIGROUP\fR\&. The named group must exist\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBgroupdel\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -73,15 +73,15 @@ Sie k\(:onnen nicht die Hauptgruppe eines Benutzers entfernen\&. Dazu m\(:ussten Sie sollten von Hand alle Systemdateien \(:uberpr\(:ufen, um sicherzustellen, dass keine Dateien, die der gel\(:oschten Gruppe angeh\(:oren, vorhanden sind\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (Zahl) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Maximale Anzahl von Mitgliedern je Gruppeneintrag\&. Wenn das Maximum erreicht wird, wird ein weiterer Eintrag in +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(mit dem gleichen Namen, dem gleichen Passwort und der gleichen GID) erstellt\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Der Standardwert ist 0, was zur Folge hat, dass die Anzahl der Mitglieder einer Gruppe nicht begrenzt ist\&. .sp @@ -104,33 +104,33 @@ sichere Informationen zu den Gruppenkonten .RE .SH "R\(:UCKGABEWERTE" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBgroupdel\fR -gibt beim Beenden folgende Werte zur\(:uck: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -Erfolg +success .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -unzul\(:assige Syntax f\(:ur diesen Befehl +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -angegebene Gruppe ist nicht vorhanden +specified group doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI8\fR .RS 4 -Die Hauptgruppe eines Benutzers kann nicht entfernen werden\&. +can\*(Aqt remove user\*(Aqs primary group .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -Die Gruppendatei kann nicht aktualisieren werden\&. +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .SH "SIEHE AUCH" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man8/groupmems.8 b/man/de/man8/groupmems.8 index feac7a7c..bd4a6477 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/groupmems.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/groupmems.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmems .\" Author: George Kraft, IV .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "GROUPMEMS" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "GROUPMEMS" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,47 +31,51 @@ groupmems \- verwaltet die Mitglieder der Hauptgruppe eines Benutzers .SH "\(:UBERSICHT" .HP \w'\fBgroupmems\fR\ 'u -\fBgroupmems\fR \-a\ \fIBenutzer_Name\fR | \-d\ \fIBenutzer_Name\fR | [\-g\ \fIGruppen_Name\fR] | \-l | \-p +\fBgroupmems\fR \-a\ \fIuser_name\fR | \-d\ \fIuser_name\fR | [\-g\ \fIgroup_name\fR] | \-l | \-p .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Mit dem Befehl +The \fBgroupmems\fR -kann ein Benutzer die Mitgliederliste seiner eigenen Gruppe verwalten, ohne Root\-Rechte zu ben\(:otigen\&. Das Werkzeug +command allows a user to administer their own group membership list without the requirement of superuser privileges\&. The \fBgroupmems\fR -ist f\(:ur Systeme gedacht, auf denen die Hauptgruppe eines Benutzers den gleichen Namen hat wie der Benutzer (z\&.B\&. fritz/fritz)\&. +utility is for systems that configure its users to be in their own name sake primary group (i\&.e\&., guest / guest)\&. .PP -Nur Root als Administrator kann mit +Only the superuser, as administrator, can use \fBgroupmems\fR -die Mitgliederlisten anderer Gruppen bearbeiten\&. +to alter the memberships of other groups\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBgroupmems\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP -\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIBenutzer_Name\fR +\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIuser_name\fR .RS 4 Add a user to the group membership list\&. .sp -Wenn die Datei +If the /etc/gshadow -vorhanden ist, die Gruppe darin aber keinen Eintrag hat, wird ein solcher erstellt\&. +file exist, and the group has no entry in the +/etc/gshadow +file, a new entry will be created\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fIBenutzer_Name\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fIuser_name\fR .RS 4 L\(:oscht einen Benutzer aus der Mitgliederliste der Gruppe\&. .sp -Wenn +If the /etc/gshadow -vorhanden ist, wird der Benutzer aus der Liste der Mitglieder und Gruppenverwalter entfernt\&. +file exist, the user will be removed from the list of members and administrators of the group\&. .sp -Wenn die Datei +If the +/etc/gshadow +file exist, and the group has no entry in the /etc/gshadow -vorhanden ist, die Gruppe darin aber keinen Eintrag hat, wird ein solcher erstellt\&. +file, a new entry will be created\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR\ \&\fIGruppen_Name\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR\ \&\fIgroup_name\fR .RS 4 Root kann eine Gruppen bestimmen, deren Mitgliederliste er bearbeiten will\&. .RE @@ -90,33 +94,35 @@ gibt die Mitgliederliste aus .RS 4 l\(:oscht alle Benutzer aus der Mitgliederliste der Gruppe .sp -Wenn die Datei +If the /etc/gshadow -vorhanden ist, die Gruppe darin aber keinen Eintrag hat, wird ein solcher erstellt\&. +file exist, and the group has no entry in the +/etc/gshadow +file, a new entry will be created\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .SH "EINRICHTUNG" .PP -Die ausf\(:uhrbare Datei +The \fBgroupmems\fR -sollte die Rechte +executable should be in mode 2770 -haben und dem Benutzer +as user \fIroot\fR -und der Gruppe -\fIgroups\fR -geh\(:oren\&. Der Systemadministrator kann Benutzer der Gruppe +and in group +\fIgroups\fR\&. The system administrator can add users to group \fIgroups\fR -hinzuf\(:ugen, um ihnen zu erm\(:oglichen, mit +to allow or disallow them using the \fBgroupmems\fR -die Mitgliederliste ihrer eigenen Gruppe zu verwalten\&. +utility to manage their own group membership list\&. .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -133,15 +139,15 @@ die Mitgliederliste ihrer eigenen Gruppe zu verwalten\&. .\} .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (Zahl) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Maximale Anzahl von Mitgliedern je Gruppeneintrag\&. Wenn das Maximum erreicht wird, wird ein weiterer Eintrag in +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(mit dem gleichen Namen, dem gleichen Passwort und der gleichen GID) erstellt\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Der Standardwert ist 0, was zur Folge hat, dass die Anzahl der Mitglieder einer Gruppe nicht begrenzt ist\&. .sp diff --git a/man/de/man8/groupmod.8 b/man/de/man8/groupmod.8 index ab7e9598..91700dc9 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/groupmod.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/groupmod.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmod .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "GROUPMOD" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "GROUPMOD" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,45 +34,42 @@ groupmod \- \(:andert die Eigenschaften einer Gruppe auf dem System \fBgroupmod\fR [\fIOptionen\fR] \fIGRUPPE\fR .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBgroupmod\fR -\(:andert die Eigenschaften der angegebenen -\fIGRUPPE\fR, indem die passenden Eintr\(:age in der Gruppendatenbank ge\(:andert werden\&. +command modifies the definition of the specified +\fIGROUP\fR +by modifying the appropriate entry in the group database\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBgroupmod\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGID\fR .RS 4 -Die Gruppen\-ID der angegebenen -\fIGRUPPE\fR -wird zu -\fIGID\fR -ge\(:andert\&. +The group ID of the given +\fIGROUP\fR +will be changed to +\fIGID\fR\&. .sp -Der Wert von +The value of \fIGID\fR -muss eine nicht negative, dezimale Zahl sein\&. Er muss eindeutig sein, au\(sser wenn die Option +must be a non\-negative decimal integer\&. This value must be unique, unless the \fB\-o\fR -verwendet wird\&. +option is used\&. .sp Benutzer, welche die Gruppe als Hauptgruppe verwenden, werden aktualisiert, um die Gruppe als Hauptgruppe zu behalten\&. .sp -Bei Dateien, welche die alte Gruppen\-ID haben und weiterhin der Gruppe -\fIGROUP\fR -geh\(:oren sollen, muss die Gruppen\-ID per Hand angepasst werden\&. +Any files that have the old group ID and must continue to belong to +\fIGROUP\fR, must have their group ID changed manually\&. .sp -Die Werte von +No checks will be performed with regard to the \fBGID_MIN\fR, \fBGID_MAX\fR, -\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -und +\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR, or \fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR -aus -/etc/login\&.defs -werden nicht gepr\(:uft\&. +from +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -80,41 +77,42 @@ werden nicht gepr\(:uft\&. zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm .RE .PP -\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-new\-name\fR\ \&\fINEUE_GRUPPE\fR +\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-new\-name\fR\ \&\fINEW_GROUP\fR .RS 4 -Der Gruppenname wird vom Namen -\fIGRUPPE\fR -zu -\fINEUE_GRUPPE\fR -ge\(:andert\&. +The name of the group will be changed from +\fIGROUP\fR +to +\fINEW_GROUP\fR +name\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR .RS 4 -Wenn sie mit der Option +When used with the \fB\-g\fR -verwendet wird, kann mit ihr der Wert der Gruppen\-\fIGID\fR -auf einen nicht eindeutigen Wert gesetzt werden\&. +option, allow to change the group +\fIGID\fR +to a non\-unique value\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORT\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -das verschl\(:usselte Passwort, wie es von -\fBcrypt\fR(3) -zur\(:uckgegeben wird +The encrypted password, as returned by +\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. .sp -\fBHinweis:\fR -Diese Option ist nicht empfehlenswert, weil das Passwort (auch wenn es verschl\(:usselt ist) f\(:ur Benutzer sichtbar ist, die sich den Prozess anzeigen lassen\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Sie sollten sicherstellen, dass das Passwort den Passwortrichtlinien des Systems entspricht\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -127,15 +125,15 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (Zahl) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Maximale Anzahl von Mitgliedern je Gruppeneintrag\&. Wenn das Maximum erreicht wird, wird ein weiterer Eintrag in +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(mit dem gleichen Namen, dem gleichen Passwort und der gleichen GID) erstellt\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Der Standardwert ist 0, was zur Folge hat, dass die Anzahl der Mitglieder einer Gruppe nicht begrenzt ist\&. .sp @@ -168,9 +166,9 @@ Informationen zu den Benutzerkonten .RE .SH "R\(:UCKGABEWERTE" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBgroupmod\fR -gibt beim Beenden folgende Werte zur\(:uck: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 diff --git a/man/de/man8/grpck.8 b/man/de/man8/grpck.8 index 7ffb4ded..1d0310a2 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/grpck.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/grpck.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: grpck .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "GRPCK" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "GRPCK" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,11 +34,12 @@ grpck \- \(:uberpr\(:uft die Stimmigkeit der Gruppendateien \fBgrpck\fR [Optionen] [\fIGruppe\fR\ [\ \fIshadow\fR\ ]] .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl -\fBgrpwck\fR -\(:uberpr\(:uft die Stimmigkeit der Informationen \(:uber die Gruppen\&. Alle Eintr\(:age in -/etc/groupund /etc/gshadow -werden darauf \(:uberpr\(:uft, ob sie das richtige Format haben und g\(:ultige Daten enthalten\&. Bei einem Eintrag, der falsch formatiert ist oder andere unbehebbare Fehler enth\(:alt, wird der Benutzer aufgefordert, ihn zu l\(:oschen\&. +The +\fBgrpck\fR +command verifies the integrity of the groups information\&. It checks that all entries in +/etc/group +and /etc/gshadow +have the proper format and contain valid data\&. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors\&. .PP Es wird \(:uberpr\(:uft, ob jeder Eintrag folgende Eigenschaften aufweist: .sp @@ -72,8 +73,8 @@ einen eindeutigen und g\(:ultigen Gruppennamen .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -eine g\(:ultige Gruppenkennung -(nur f\(:ur /etc/group) +a valid group identifier +(/etc/group only) .RE .sp .RS 4 @@ -84,8 +85,8 @@ eine g\(:ultige Gruppenkennung .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -eine g\(:ultige Liste der Mitglieder -und Gruppenverwalter +a valid list of members +and administrators .RE .sp .RS 4 @@ -96,34 +97,36 @@ und Gruppenverwalter .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -einen passenden Eintrag in der Datei +a corresponding entry in the /etc/gshadow -(oder in +file (respectively /etc/group -bei der \(:Uberpr\(:ufung von -gshadow) +for the +gshadow +checks) .RE .PP -Fehler bei der \(:Uberpr\(:ufung der richtigen Anzahl der Felder und des eindeutigen Benutzernamens sind schwerwiegend\&. Wenn ein Eintrag die falsche Anzahl von Feldern aufweist, wird der Benutzer aufgefordert, die gesamte Zeile zu l\(:oschen\&. Wenn er dies ablehnt, werden alle weiteren Tests ausgelassen\&. Bei einem Eintrag mit einem mehrfach verwendeten Benutzernamen wird der Benutzer aufgefordert, diesen Eintrag zu l\(:oschen\&. Sollte er dies ablehnen, werden dennoch die \(:ubrigen Tests ausgef\(:uhrt\&. Bei allen anderen Fehlern wird eine Warnung ausgegeben und der Benutzer aufgefordert, den Fehler mittels des Befehls +The checks for correct number of fields and unique group name are fatal\&. If an entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line\&. If the user does not answer affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed\&. An entry with a duplicated group name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made\&. All other errors are warnings and the user is encouraged to run the \fBgroupmod\fR -zu beheben\&. +command to correct the error\&. .PP -Die Befehle, welche die -Dateien /etc/group und /etc/gshadow -bearbeiten, k\(:onnen falsche oder doppelte Eintr\(:age nicht ver\(:andern\&. In solchen F\(:allen sollte -\fBgrpwck\fR -verwendet werden, um die betreffenden Eintr\(:age zu entfernen\&. +The commands which operate on the +/etc/group +and /etc/gshadow files +are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries\&. +\fBgrpck\fR +should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entries\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen +The \fB\-r\fR -und +and \fB\-s\fR -k\(:onnen nicht zusammen verwendet werden\&. +options cannot be combined\&. .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBgrpck\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -132,45 +135,48 @@ zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-read\-only\fR .RS 4 -F\(:uhrt den Befehl +Execute the \fBgrpck\fR -im Modus Nur\-Lesen aus\&. Dies hat zur Folge, dass alle Fragen, ob Ver\(:anderungen vorgenommen werden sollen, mit +command in read\-only mode\&. This causes all questions regarding changes to be answered \fIno\fR -beantworteten werden, ohne dass der Benutzer einzugreifen braucht\&. +without user intervention\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sort\fR .RS 4 -Ordnet die Eintr\(:age in -/etc/groupund /etc/gshadow -nach der GID\&. +Sort entries in +/etc/group +and /etc/gshadow +by GID\&. .RE .PP -Standardm\(:a\(ssig arbeitet +By default, \fBgrpck\fR -mit -/etc/groupund /etc/gshadow\&. Der Benutzer kann andere Dateien mit -den Parametern \fIgroup\fR und \fIshadow\fR -ausw\(:ahlen\&. +operates on +/etc/group +and /etc/gshadow\&. The user may select alternate files with the +\fIgroup\fR +and \fIshadow\fR parameters\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (Zahl) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Maximale Anzahl von Mitgliedern je Gruppeneintrag\&. Wenn das Maximum erreicht wird, wird ein weiterer Eintrag in +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(mit dem gleichen Namen, dem gleichen Passwort und der gleichen GID) erstellt\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Der Standardwert ist 0, was zur Folge hat, dass die Anzahl der Mitglieder einer Gruppe nicht begrenzt ist\&. .sp @@ -198,43 +204,44 @@ Informationen zu den Benutzerkonten .RE .SH "R\(:UCKGABEWERTE" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBgrpck\fR -gibt beim Beenden folgende Werte zur\(:uck: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -Erfolg +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -unzul\(:assige Syntax f\(:ur diesen Befehl +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -ein oder mehrere fehlerhafte Gruppeneintr\(:age +one or more bad group entries .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -Die Gruppendateien k\(:onnen nicht ge\(:offnet werden\&. +can\*(Aqt open group files .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -Die Gruppendateien k\(:onnen nicht gesperrt werden\&. +can\*(Aqt lock group files .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -Die Gruppendateien k\(:onnen nicht aktualisiert werden\&. +can\*(Aqt update group files .RE .SH "SIEHE AUCH" .PP \fBgroup\fR(5), \fBgroupmod\fR(8), -\fBgshadow\fR(5),\fBpasswd\fR(5), +\fBgshadow\fR(5), +\fBpasswd\fR(5), \fBpwck\fR(8), \fBshadow\fR(5)\&. diff --git a/man/de/man8/lastlog.8 b/man/de/man8/lastlog.8 index 436188f1..70f7c917 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/lastlog.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/lastlog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: lastlog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "LASTLOG" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "LASTLOG" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -35,26 +35,24 @@ lastlog \- berichtet die letzte Anmeldung f\(:ur alle oder einen bestimmten Benu .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP \fBlastlog\fR -formatiert und gibt den Inhalt der Datei mit den letzten Anmeldungen, -/var/log/lastlog, aus\&. Der -\fIAnmeldename\fR, der -\fIPort\fR -und der -\fIZeitpunkt der letzten Anmeldung\fR -werden angezeigt\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig (keine Optionen) werden die Lastlog\-Eintr\(:age in der Reihenfolge, wie sie sich in -/etc/passwd -befinden, ausgegeben\&. +formats and prints the contents of the last login log +/var/log/lastlog +file\&. The +\fIlogin\-name\fR, +\fIport\fR, and +\fIlast login time\fR +will be printed\&. The default (no flags) causes lastlog entries to be printed, sorted by their order in +/etc/passwd\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBlastlog\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP -\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-before\fR\ \&\fITAGE\fR +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-before\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -gibt nur Lastlog\-Eintr\(:age aus, die \(:alter als -\fITAGE\fR -sind +Print only lastlog records older than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-C\fR, \fB\-\-clear\fR @@ -69,12 +67,13 @@ Clear lastlog record of a user\&. This option can be used only together with zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-S\fR, \fB\-\-set\fR @@ -84,41 +83,40 @@ Set lastlog record of a user to the current time\&. This option can be used only (\fB\-\-user\fR))\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fITAGE\fR +\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -gibt nur Lastlog\-Eintr\(:age aus, die neuer als -\fITAGE\fR -sind +Print the lastlog records more recent than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIMENGE\fR +\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIRANGE\fR .RS 4 gibt nur die Lastlog\-Eintr\(:age f\(:ur die angegebenen Benutzer aus .sp -Die Bestimmung der Benutzer erfolgt durch ihren Anmeldenamen, ihrer zahlenm\(:a\(ssigen Benutzer\-ID oder einer -\fIMENGE\fR -von Benutzern\&. Diese -\fIMENGE\fR -kann mit Minimum\- und Maximumwerten (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), nur mit einem Maximumwert (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR) oder nur einem Minimumwert (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR) bestimmt werden\&. +The users can be specified by a login name, a numerical user ID, or a +\fIRANGE\fR +of users\&. This +\fIRANGE\fR +of users can be specified with a min and max values (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), a max value (\fI\-UID_MAX\fR), or a min value (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR)\&. .RE .PP -Wenn sich ein Benutzer noch nie angemeldet hat, wird die Meldung +If the user has never logged in the message \fI** Never logged in**\fR -anstatt von Port und Zeit angezeigt\&. +will be displayed instead of the port and time\&. .PP Es werden nur Eintr\(:age f\(:ur auf dem System vorhandene Benutzer angezeigt, selbst wenn Eintr\(:age \(:uber gel\(:oschte Benutzer noch vorhanden sind\&. .SH "ANMERKUNGEN" .PP -Bei der Datei +The lastlog -handelt es sich um eine Datenbank, die Informationen zur letzten Anmeldung der Benutzer enth\(:alt\&. Sie sollten sie nicht austauschen\&. Es handelt sich um eine Sparse\-Datei, so dass die tats\(:achliche Gr\(:o\(sse auf dem Speichermedium gew\(:ohnlich viel kleiner ist als von \(Fc\fBls \-l\fR\(Fo angezeigt wird (was eine sehr gro\(sse Datei anzeigen kann, wenn sich Benutzer mit einer gro\(ssen UID in +file is a database which contains info on the last login of each user\&. You should not rotate it\&. It is a sparse file, so its size on the disk is usually much smaller than the one shown by "\fBls \-l\fR" (which can indicate a really big file if you have in passwd -befinden)\&. Die wirkliche Dateigr\(:o\(sse l\(:asst sich mit \(Fc\fBls \-s\fR\(Fo anzeigen\&. +users with a high UID)\&. You can display its real size with "\fBls \-s\fR"\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number) .RS 4 diff --git a/man/de/man8/logoutd.8 b/man/de/man8/logoutd.8 index 463cdc1c..832d5609 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/logoutd.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/logoutd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: logoutd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -35,17 +35,15 @@ logoutd \- richtet Beschr\(:ankung von Anmeldezeiten ein .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP \fBlogoutd\fR -setzt die Anmeldezeiten und Portbeschr\(:ankungen aus -/etc/porttime -um\&. +enforces the login time and port restrictions specified in +/etc/porttime\&. \fBlogoutd\fR -sollte aus -/etc/rc -gestartet werden\&. Die Datei +should be started from +/etc/rc\&. The /var/run/utmp -wird regelm\(:a\(ssig abgerufen, wobei jeder Benutzername darauf \(:uberpr\(:uft wird, ob er f\(:ur den jeweiligen Port zur jeweiligen Zeit zugelassen ist\&. Alle angemeldeten Sitzungen, die gegen die Beschr\(:ankungen in +file is scanned periodically and each user name is checked to see if the named user is permitted on the named port at the current time\&. Any login session which is violating the restrictions in /etc/porttime -versto\(ssen, werden beendet\&. +is terminated\&. .SH "DATEIEN" .PP /etc/porttime diff --git a/man/de/man8/newusers.8 b/man/de/man8/newusers.8 index ee91d914..f7804306 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/newusers.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/newusers.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newusers .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "NEWUSERS" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "NEWUSERS" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ newusers \- erstellt oder aktualisiert mehrere neue Benutzer am St\(:uck \fBnewusers\fR [\fIOptionen\fR] [\fIDatei\fR] .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBnewusers\fR -verwendet eine -\fIDatei\fR -(oder standardm\(:a\(ssig die Standardeingabe) und aktualisiert damit eine Gruppe bestehender Benutzer oder erstellt damit neue Benutzer\&. Jede Zeile hat dasselbe Format wie die \(:ubliche Passwortdatei (vergleiche -\fBpasswd\fR(5)) mit den unten aufgef\(:uhrten Ausnahmen: +command reads a +\fIfile\fR +(or the standard input by default) and uses this information to update a set of existing users or to create new users\&. Each line is in the same format as the standard password file (see +\fBpasswd\fR(5)) with the exceptions explained below: .PP pw_Name:pw_Passwort:pw_uid:pw_gid:pw_gecos:pw_Verz:pw_shell .PP @@ -75,21 +75,19 @@ Falls die UID eines bestehenden Benutzers ver\(:andert wird, muss der Eigent\(:u .RS 4 Mit diesem Feld wird die ID der Hauptgruppe des Benutzers definiert\&. .sp -Wenn dieses Feld den Namen einer existierenden Gruppe enth\(:alt (oder einer Gruppe, die zuvor mit -\fBnewusers\fR -erstellt wurde), wird die GID dieser Gruppe als ID der Hauptgruppe des Benutzers verwendet\&. +If this field contains the name of an existing group (or a group created before by +\fBnewusers\fR), the GID of this group will be used as the primary group ID for the user\&. .sp Wenn dieses Feld eine Zahl enth\(:alt, wird sie als ID der Hauptgruppe des Benutzers verwendet\&. Falls eine Gruppe mit dieser GID nicht existiert, wird eine neue Gruppe mit dieser GID unter dem Namen des Benutzers erstellt\&. .sp -Wenn dieses Feld leer ist, wird eine neue Gruppe unter dem Namen des Benutzers erstellt und von +If this field is empty, a new group will be created with the name of the user and a GID will be automatically defined by \fBnewusers\fR -automatisch eine neue GID gew\(:ahlt, die als ID der Hauptgruppe des Benutzers und als GID f\(:ur die neue Gruppe dient\&. +to be used as the primary group ID for the user and as the GID for the new group\&. .sp -Wenn dieses Feld den Namen einer Gruppe enth\(:alt, die nicht vorhanden ist (und nicht zuvor von -\fBnewusers\fR -erstellt wurde), wird eine neue Gruppe unter dem angegebenen Namen erstellt und von +If this field contains the name of a group which does not exist (and was not created before by +\fBnewusers\fR), a new group will be created with the specified name and a GID will be automatically defined by \fBnewusers\fR -automatisch eine neue GID gew\(:ahlt, die als ID der Hauptgruppe des Benutzers und als GID f\(:ur die neue Gruppe dient\&. +to be used as the primary group ID for the user and GID for the new group\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_gecos\fR @@ -103,9 +101,9 @@ Mit diesem Feld wird das Home\-Verzeichnis des Benutzers definiert\&. .sp Wenn in diesem Feld ein Verzeichnis angegeben wird, das nicht vorhanden ist, wird es erstellt\&. Dieses geh\(:ort dem Benutzer, der gerade erstellt und aktualisiert wird, und dessen Hauptgruppe\&. .sp -Wenn das Home\-Verzeichnis eines vorhandenen Benutzers ge\(:andert wird, verschiebt oder kopiert +If the home directory of an existing user is changed, \fBnewusers\fR -nicht den Inhalt des alten Verzeichnisses in das neue\&. Dies muss von Hand erledigt werden\&. +does not move or copy the content of the old directory to the new location\&. This should be done manually\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_shell\fR @@ -113,16 +111,20 @@ nicht den Inhalt des alten Verzeichnisses in das neue\&. Dies muss von Hand erle Mit diesem Feld wird die Shell des Benutzers definiert\&. Diese Eingabe wird nicht \(:uberpr\(:uft\&. .RE .PP -Zuerst erstellt und \(:andert \fBnewusers\fR -die angegebenen Benutzer und schreibt die \(:Anderungen in die Benutzer\- oder Gruppendatenbank\&. Falls ein Fehler auftritt (au\(sser beim Schreiben in die Datenbanken), werden in den Datenbanken keine \(:Anderungen vorgenommen\&. +first tries to create or change all the specified users, and then write these changes to the user or group databases\&. If an error occurs (except in the final writes to the databases), no changes are committed to the databases\&. .PP Dieser Befehl ist f\(:ur den Einsatz in einer Umgebung mit zahlreichen Systemen vorgesehen, in der viele Konten gleichzeitig aktualisiert werden m\(:ussen\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBnewusers\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: +.PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR .RS 4 @@ -140,25 +142,24 @@ zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm .RS 4 erstellt ein Systemkonto .sp -Systembenutzer werden ohne Hinterlegung des Alters ihres Passworts in -/etc/shadow -erstellt\&. Ihre numerische Kennung wird aus der Spanne -\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -bis -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR -anstelle von -\fBUID_MIN\fR -bis -\fBUID_MAX\fR -gew\(:ahlt (gleiches gilt f\(:ur die GID bei der Erstellung von Gruppen)\&. +System users will be created with no aging information in +/etc/shadow, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the +\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR +range, defined in +login\&.defs, instead of +\fBUID_MIN\fR\-\fBUID_MAX\fR +(and their +\fBGID\fR +counterparts for the creation of groups)\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR @@ -171,9 +172,8 @@ Der Mindestwert ist 1000, der H\(:ochstwert 999\&.999\&.999\&. .sp Sie k\(:onnen diese Option nur mit den Verschl\(:usselungsmethoden SHA256 und SHA512 verwenden\&. .sp -Standardm\(:a\(ssig wird die Anzahl der Runden mit den Variablen SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS und SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS in -/etc/login\&.defs -definiert\&. +By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .SH "WARNUNGEN" .PP @@ -182,44 +182,42 @@ Die Eingabedatei muss gesch\(:utzt werden, da sie unverschl\(:usselte Passw\(:or Sie sollten darauf achten, dass Passw\(:orter und Verschl\(:usselungsmethode in Einklage mit der Passwortrichtlinie des Systems stehen\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Damit wird der standardm\(:a\(ssige Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus, mit dem Passw\(:orter verschl\(:usselt werden, bestimmt (soweit nicht in der Befehlszeile ein Algorithmus angegeben wird)\&. .sp -Ihm kann einer der folgenden Wert zugewiesen werden: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR (default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Hinweis: Dieser Parameter \(:uberschreibt die Variable -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (Zahl), \fBGID_MIN\fR (Zahl) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Bereich von Gruppen\-IDs, aus dem die Programme +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -oder -\fBnewusers\fR -bei der Erstellung normaler Gruppen ausw\(:ahlen d\(:urfen +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Der Standardwert f\(:ur +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -ist 1000, f\(:ur -\fBGID_MAX\fR -60\&.000\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (Zahl) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Maximale Anzahl von Mitgliedern je Gruppeneintrag\&. Wenn das Maximum erreicht wird, wird ein weiterer Eintrag in +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(mit dem gleichen Namen, dem gleichen Passwort und der gleichen GID) erstellt\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Der Standardwert ist 0, was zur Folge hat, dass die Anzahl der Mitglieder einer Gruppe nicht begrenzt ist\&. .sp @@ -230,47 +228,45 @@ Falls Sie eine solche Begrenzung ben\(:otigen, k\(:onnen Sie 25 verwenden\&. Hinweis: Aufgeteilte Gruppen werden m\(:oglicherweise nicht von allen Werkzeugen unterst\(:utzt, selbst nicht aus der Shadow\-Werkzeugsammlung\&. Sie sollten diese Variable nur setzen, falls Sie zwingend darauf angewiesen sind\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Legt fest, ob Passw\(:orter mit dem auf MD5 beruhenden Algorithmus verschl\(:usselt werden\&. Falls diesem Wert -\fIyes\fR -zugewiesen ist, werden neue Passw\(:orter mit dem auf MD5 beruhenden Algorithmus verschl\(:usselt, der zu dem in der aktuellen Ver\(:offentlichung von FreeBSD eingesetzten Algorithmus kompatibel ist\&. Passw\(:orter k\(:onnen dann beliebig lang sein, auch die Salt\-Zeichenketten sind l\(:anger\&. Setzen Sie diesen Wert auf -\fIno\fR, wenn Sie verschl\(:usselte Passw\(:orter auf ein anderes System kopieren m\(:ochten, das den neuen Algorithmus nicht versteht\&. Der Standardwert ist +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Dieser Variable geht die Variable +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -und eine Option auf der Befehlszeile, mit der der Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus bestimmt wird, vor\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Der Einsatz dieser Variable ist veraltet\&. Sie sollten -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -verwenden\&. +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Die maximale Anzahl von Tagen, f\(:ur die ein Passwort verwendet werden darf\&. Wenn das Passwort \(:alter ist, wird ein Wechsel des Passworts erzwungen\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird \-1 angenommen (was zur Folge hat, dass diese Beschr\(:ankung abgeschaltet ist)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Die Mindestanzahl von Tagen, bevor ein Wechsel des Passworts zugelassen wird\&. Ein vorheriger Versuch, das Passwort zu \(:andern, wird abgelehnt\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird \-1 angenommen (was zur Folge hat, dass diese Beschr\(:ankung abgeschaltet ist)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Die Anzahl von Tagen, an denen der Benutzer vorgewarnt wird, bevor das Passwort verf\(:allt\&. Eine Null bedeutet, dass eine Warnung nur am Tag des Verfalls ausgegeben wird\&. Ein negativer Wert bedeutet, dass keine Vorwarnung erfolgt\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird keine Vorwarnung ausgegeben\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (Zahl), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (Zahl) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Wenn +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -auf +is set to \fISHA256\fR -oder -\fISHA512\fR -gesetzt ist, legt dies die Anzahl der Runden von SHA fest, die standardm\(:a\(ssig vom Verschl\(:usselungsalgorithmus verwendet werden (falls die Anzahl der Runden nicht auf der Befehlszeile angegeben wird)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Je mehr Runden Sie definieren, umso schwieriger ist es, das Passwort mit sturem Durchprobieren (brute force) zu knacken; umso mehr Rechenleistung wird jedoch auch f\(:ur die Anmeldung eines Benutzers ben\(:otigt\&. .sp @@ -278,16 +274,16 @@ Falls Sie nichts angeben, wird libc die Standardanzahl der Runden festlegen (500 .sp Die Werte m\(:ussen zwischen 1000\-999\&.999\&.999 liegen\&. .sp -Falls nur der Wert f\(:ur +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -oder +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -festgelegt wird, wird dieser Wert verwendet\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Falls +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, wird der h\(:ohere Wert verwendet\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .PP \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (number) @@ -336,70 +332,64 @@ The default values for are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (Zahl), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (Zahl) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Bereich von Gruppen\-IDs, aus dem die Programme +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -oder -\fBnewusers\fR -bei der Erstellung von Systemgruppen ausw\(:ahlen d\(:urfen +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Der Standardwert f\(:ur +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -ist 101, f\(:ur -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR -\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1\&. +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. +\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (Zahl), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (Zahl) +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Bereich von Benutzer\-IDs, aus dem die Programme +Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by \fBuseradd\fR -oder -\fBnewusers\fR -bei der Erstellung von Systembenutzern ausw\(:ahlen d\(:urfen +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Der Standardwert f\(:ur +The default value for \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -ist 101, f\(:ur -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR -\fBUID_MIN\fR\-1\&. +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. +\fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUID_MAX\fR (Zahl), \fBUID_MIN\fR (Zahl) +\fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Bereich von Benutzer\-IDs, aus dem die Programme +Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by \fBuseradd\fR -oder -\fBnewusers\fR -bei der Erstellung normaler Benutzer ausw\(:ahlen d\(:urfen +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Der Standardwert f\(:ur +The default value for \fBUID_MIN\fR -ist 1000, f\(:ur -\fBUID_MAX\fR -60\&.000\&. +(resp\&. +\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (Zahl) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 Die Bit\-Gruppe, welche die Rechte von erstellten Dateien bestimmt, wird anf\(:anglich auf diesen Wert gesetzt\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird sie auf 022 gesetzt\&. .sp \fBuseradd\fR -und +and \fBnewusers\fR -verwenden diese Bit\-Gruppe, um die Rechte des von ihnen erstellten Home\-Verzeichnisses zu setzen\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Sie wird auch von +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -verwendet, um die anf\(:angliche Umask eines Benutzers zu bestimmen\&. Beachten Sie, dass diese Bit\-Gruppe durch die GECOS\-Zeile des Benutzers (wenn +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -gesetzt wurde) oder die Festlegung eines Limits in -\fBlimits\fR(5) -mit der Kennung +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -\(:uberschrieben werden kann\&. +identifier in +\fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man8/nologin.8 b/man/de/man8/nologin.8 index 6b12888b..eec60d76 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/nologin.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/nologin.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: nologin .\" Author: Nicolas Fran\(,cois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "NOLOGIN" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "NOLOGIN" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ nologin \- lehnt h\(:oflich eine Anmeldung ab \fBnologin\fR .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBnologin\fR -zeigt die Meldung an, dass ein Konto nicht verf\(:ugbar ist, und gibt einen Wert von ungleich Null zur\(:uck\&. Dies ist als Einsatz f\(:ur das Shell\-Feld bei abgeschalteten Konten vorgesehen\&. +command displays a message that an account is not available and exits non\-zero\&. It is intended as a replacement shell field for accounts that have been disabled\&. .PP -Wie Sie alle Konten abschalten, erfahren Sie unter +To disable all logins, investigate \fBnologin\fR(5)\&. .SH "SIEHE AUCH" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man8/pwck.8 b/man/de/man8/pwck.8 index 27dd6b29..6d90f6aa 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/pwck.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/pwck.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: pwck .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "PWCK" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "PWCK" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,13 +34,13 @@ pwck \- \(:uberpr\(:uft die Stimmigkeit der Passwortdateien \fBpwck\fR [Optionen] [\fIpasswd\fR\ [\ \fIshadow\fR\ ]] .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBpwck\fR -\(:uberpr\(:uft die Stimmigkeit der Benutzer\- und Authentifizierungsdaten\&. Alle Eintr\(:age in +command verifies the integrity of the users and authentication information\&. It checks that all entries in /etc/passwd -und +and /etc/shadow -werden darauf \(:uberpr\(:uft, ob der Eintrag das richtige Format hat und g\(:ultige Daten enth\(:alt\&. Der Benutzer wird aufgefordert, Eintr\(:age zu l\(:oschen, die falsch formatiert sind oder andere unbehebbare Fehler enthalten\&. +have the proper format and contain valid data\&. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors\&. .PP Es wird \(:uberpr\(:uft, ob jeder Eintrag folgende Eigenschaften aufweist: .sp @@ -110,11 +110,10 @@ ein g\(:ultiges Home\-Verzeichnis eine g\(:ultige Anmelde\-Shell .RE .PP -Eine \(:Uberpr\(:ufung von shadow -findet statt, wenn ein zweiter Parameter angegeben wird oder auf dem System +checks are enabled when a second file parameter is specified or when /etc/shadow -existiert\&. +exists on the system\&. .PP Diese Tests umfassen Folgendes: .sp @@ -173,26 +172,31 @@ ob die Shadow\-Eintr\(:age in shadow eindeutig sind dass das Datum der letzten Passwort\(:anderung nicht in der Zukunft liegt .RE .PP -Fehler bei der \(:Uberpr\(:ufung der richtigen Anzahl der Felder und des eindeutigen Benutzernames sind schwerwiegend\&. Wenn ein Eintrag die falsche Anzahl von Feldern ausweist, wird der Benutzer aufgefordert, die gesamte Zeile zu l\(:oschen\&. Wenn dies der Benutzer ablehnt, werden alle weiteren Tests ausgelassen\&. Bei einem Eintrag mit einem mehrfach verwendeten Benutzernamen wird der Benutzer aufgefordert, diesen Eintrag zu l\(:oschen\&. Sollte er dies ablehnen, werden dennoch die \(:ubrigen Test ausgef\(:uhrt\&. Bei allen anderen Fehlern wird eine Warnung abgegeben und der Benutzer aufgefordert, den Fehler mittels des Befehls +The checks for correct number of fields and unique user name are fatal\&. If the entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line\&. If the user does not answer affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed\&. An entry with a duplicated user name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made\&. All other errors are warning and the user is encouraged to run the \fBusermod\fR -zu beheben\&. +command to correct the error\&. .PP -Die Befehle, welche die Datei +The commands which operate on the /etc/passwd -bearbeiten, k\(:onnen falsche oder doppelte Eintr\(:age nicht ver\(:andern\&. In solchen F\(:allen sollte +file are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries\&. \fBpwck\fR -verwendet werden, um den betreffenden Eintrag zu entfernen\&. +should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entry\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen +The \fB\-r\fR -und +and \fB\-s\fR -k\(:onnen nicht zusammen verwendet werden\&. +options cannot be combined\&. .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBpwck\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: +.PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -206,55 +210,56 @@ meldet nur Fehler\&. Warnungen, die keine Handlung des Benutzers erfordern, werd .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-read\-only\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt den Befehl +Execute the \fBpwck\fR -im Modus Nur\-Lesen aus +command in read\-only mode\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sort\fR .RS 4 -ordnet die Eintr\(:age in +Sort entries in /etc/passwd -und +and /etc/shadow -nach der UID +by UID\&. .RE .PP -Standardm\(:a\(ssig bearbeitet +By default, \fBpwck\fR -die Dateien +operates on the files /etc/passwd -und -/etc/shadow\&. Der Benutzer kann andere Dateien mit den Parametern +and +/etc/shadow\&. The user may select alternate files with the \fIpasswd\fR -und +and \fIshadow\fR -ausw\(:ahlen\&. +parameters\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Die maximale Anzahl von Tagen, f\(:ur die ein Passwort verwendet werden darf\&. Wenn das Passwort \(:alter ist, wird ein Wechsel des Passworts erzwungen\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird \-1 angenommen (was zur Folge hat, dass diese Beschr\(:ankung abgeschaltet ist)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Die Mindestanzahl von Tagen, bevor ein Wechsel des Passworts zugelassen wird\&. Ein vorheriger Versuch, das Passwort zu \(:andern, wird abgelehnt\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird \-1 angenommen (was zur Folge hat, dass diese Beschr\(:ankung abgeschaltet ist)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Die Anzahl von Tagen, an denen der Benutzer vorgewarnt wird, bevor das Passwort verf\(:allt\&. Eine Null bedeutet, dass eine Warnung nur am Tag des Verfalls ausgegeben wird\&. Ein negativer Wert bedeutet, dass keine Vorwarnung erfolgt\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird keine Vorwarnung ausgegeben\&. .RE @@ -276,43 +281,43 @@ verschl\(:usselte Informationen zu den Benutzerkonten .RE .SH "R\(:UCKGABEWERTE" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBpwck\fR -gibt beim Beenden folgende Werte zur\(:uck: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -Erfolg +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -unzul\(:assige Syntax f\(:ur diesen Befehl +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -ein oder mehrere fehlerhafte Passworteintr\(:age +one or more bad password entries .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -Die Passwortdatei kann nicht ge\(:offnet werden\&. +can\*(Aqt open password files .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -Die Passwortdatei kann nicht gesperret werden\&. +can\*(Aqt lock password files .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -Die Passwortdatei kann nicht aktualisieren werden\&. +can\*(Aqt update password files .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -Die Passwortdatei kann nicht sortieren werden\&. +can\*(Aqt sort password files .RE .SH "SIEHE AUCH" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man8/pwconv.8 b/man/de/man8/pwconv.8 index 331181f3..937d3ac9 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/pwconv.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/pwconv.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: pwconv .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "PWCONV" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "PWCONV" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -40,109 +40,117 @@ pwconv, pwunconv, grpconv, grpunconv \- konvertiert zu oder von Shadow\-Passw\(: \fBgrpunconv\fR [\fIOptionen\fR] .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBpwconv\fR -erstellt eine -\fIshadow\fR\-Datei aus einer -\fIpasswd\fR\-Datei und gegebenenfalls aus einer bereits vorhandenen -\fIshadow\fR\-Datei\&. -.PP -Der Befehl +command creates +\fIshadow\fR +from +\fIpasswd\fR +and an optionally existing +\fIshadow\fR\&. +.PP +The \fBpwunconv\fR -erstellt eine -\fIpasswd\fR\-Datei aus einer -\fIpasswd\fR\- und -\fIshadow\fR\-Datei und entfernt anschlie\(ssend die\fIshadow\fR\-Datei\&. -.PP -Der Befehl -\fBgrconv\fR -erstellt eine -\fIgshadow\fR\-Datei aus einer -\fIgroup\fR\-Datei und gegebenenfalls aus einer bereits vorhandenen -\fIgshadow\fR\-Datei\&. -.PP -Der Befehl +command creates +\fIpasswd\fR +from +\fIpasswd\fR +and +\fIshadow\fR +and then removes +\fIshadow\fR\&. +.PP +The +\fBgrpconv\fR +command creates +\fIgshadow\fR +from +\fIgroup\fR +and an optionally existing +\fIgshadow\fR\&. +.PP +The \fBgrpunconv\fR -erstellt eine -\fIgroup\fR\-Datei aus einer -\fIgroup\fR\- und -\fIgshadow\fR\-Datei und entfernt anschlie\(ssend die -\fIgshadow\fR\-Datei\&. -.PP -Diese vier Programme funktionieren mit der normalen und der Shadow\-Passwortdatei und den Gruppendateien: +command creates +\fIgroup\fR +from +\fIgroup\fR +and +\fIgshadow\fR +and then removes +\fIgshadow\fR\&. +.PP +These four programs all operate on the normal and shadow password and group files: /etc/passwd, /etc/group, -/etc/shadow -und +/etc/shadow, and /etc/gshadow\&. .PP -Jedes dieser Programme erzeugt vor der Konvertierung die notwendigen Sperren\&. +Each program acquires the necessary locks before conversion\&. \fBpwconv\fR -und +and \fBgrpconv\fR -sind vergleichbar\&. Zuerst werden die Eintr\(:age aus der Shadow\-Datei entfernt, die nicht in der Hauptdatei enthalten sind\&. Anschlie\(ssend werden die Eintr\(:age in der Shadow\-Datei aktualisiert, die kein \(Fcx\(Fo als Passwort haben\&. Zuletzt werden die Passw\(:orter in der Hauptdatei durch \(Fcx\(Fo ersetzt\&. Diese Programme k\(:onnen f\(:ur eine erstmalige Konvertierung genutzt werden als auch, um die Shadow\-Datei zu aktualisieren, falls die Hauptdatei von Hand bearbeitet wurde\&. +are similar\&. First, entries in the shadowed file which don\*(Aqt exist in the main file are removed\&. Then, shadowed entries which don\*(Aqt have `x\*(Aq as the password in the main file are updated\&. Any missing shadowed entries are added\&. Finally, passwords in the main file are replaced with `x\*(Aq\&. These programs can be used for initial conversion as well to update the shadowed file if the main file is edited by hand\&. .PP \fBpwconv\fR -verwendet die Werte +will use the values of \fIPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR, -\fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR -und +\fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR, and \fIPASS_WARN_AGE\fR -aus -/etc/login\&.defs, wenn neue Eintr\(:age zu -/etc/shadow -hinzugef\(:ugt werden\&. +from +/etc/login\&.defs +when adding new entries to +/etc/shadow\&. .PP -Ebenfalls sind die Befehle +Likewise \fBpwunconv\fR -und +and \fBgrpunconv\fR -\(:ahnlich\&. Passw\(:orter in der Hauptdatei werden durch die Shadow\-Datei aktualisiert\&. Eintr\(:age, welche in der Hauptdatei, aber nicht in der Shadow\-Datei vorhanden sind, bleiben unber\(:uhrt\&. Zuletzt wird die Shadow\-Datei gel\(:oscht\&. Eine Information f\(:ur den Verfall von Passw\(:ortern geht durch -\fBpwunconv\fR -verloren\&. Es wird aber so viel wie m\(:oglich umgewandelt\&. +are similar\&. Passwords in the main file are updated from the shadowed file\&. Entries which exist in the main file but not in the shadowed file are left alone\&. Finally, the shadowed file is removed\&. Some password aging information is lost by +\fBpwunconv\fR\&. It will convert what it can\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die von den Befehlen +The options which apply to the \fBpwconv\fR, \fBpwunconv\fR, -\fBgrpconv\fR -und +\fBgrpconv\fR, and \fBgrpunconv\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +commands are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .SH "FEHLER" .PP -Fehler in der Passwort\- oder Gruppendatei (wie z\&.B\&. ung\(:ultige oder doppelte Eintr\(:age) k\(:onnen zu Endlosschleifen oder anderen seltsamen Fehlern f\(:uhren\&. Sie sollten daher +Errors in the password or group files (such as invalid or duplicate entries) may cause these programs to loop forever or fail in other strange ways\&. Please run \fBpwck\fR -und +and \fBgrpck\fR -ausf\(:uhren, um solche Fehler zu entfernen, bevor Sie von oder zu Shadow\-Passw\(:ortern oder \-gruppen umwandeln\&. +to correct any such errors before converting to or from shadow passwords or groups\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgende Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variable in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten von +changes the behavior of \fBgrpconv\fR -und +and \fBgrpunconv\fR: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (Zahl) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Maximale Anzahl von Mitgliedern je Gruppeneintrag\&. Wenn das Maximum erreicht wird, wird ein weiterer Eintrag in +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(mit dem gleichen Namen, dem gleichen Passwort und der gleichen GID) erstellt\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Der Standardwert ist 0, was zur Folge hat, dass die Anzahl der Mitglieder einer Gruppe nicht begrenzt ist\&. .sp @@ -153,22 +161,22 @@ Falls Sie eine solche Begrenzung ben\(:otigen, k\(:onnen Sie 25 verwenden\&. Hinweis: Aufgeteilte Gruppen werden m\(:oglicherweise nicht von allen Werkzeugen unterst\(:utzt, selbst nicht aus der Shadow\-Werkzeugsammlung\&. Sie sollten diese Variable nur setzen, falls Sie zwingend darauf angewiesen sind\&. .RE .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten von +change the behavior of \fBpwconv\fR: .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Die maximale Anzahl von Tagen, f\(:ur die ein Passwort verwendet werden darf\&. Wenn das Passwort \(:alter ist, wird ein Wechsel des Passworts erzwungen\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird \-1 angenommen (was zur Folge hat, dass diese Beschr\(:ankung abgeschaltet ist)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Die Mindestanzahl von Tagen, bevor ein Wechsel des Passworts zugelassen wird\&. Ein vorheriger Versuch, das Passwort zu \(:andern, wird abgelehnt\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird \-1 angenommen (was zur Folge hat, dass diese Beschr\(:ankung abgeschaltet ist)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Die Anzahl von Tagen, an denen der Benutzer vorgewarnt wird, bevor das Passwort verf\(:allt\&. Eine Null bedeutet, dass eine Warnung nur am Tag des Verfalls ausgegeben wird\&. Ein negativer Wert bedeutet, dass keine Vorwarnung erfolgt\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird keine Vorwarnung ausgegeben\&. .RE diff --git a/man/de/man8/sulogin.8 b/man/de/man8/sulogin.8 index 6c766023..a121a5a9 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/sulogin.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/sulogin.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: sulogin .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "SULOGIN" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "SULOGIN" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ has an entry for a single user login\&. .PP The user is prompted .PP -Type control\-d to proceed with normal startup, (or give root password for system maintenance): +Type control\-d to proceed with normal startup, +(or give root password for system maintenance): .PP Input and output will be performed with the standard file descriptors unless the optional device name argument is provided\&. .PP @@ -75,29 +76,27 @@ should execute the sulogin command in single user mode\&. As complete an environment as possible is created\&. However, various devices may be unmounted or uninitialized and many of the user commands may be unavailable or nonfunctional as a result\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Wenn vergeben, wird damit die Umgebungsvariable HZ definiert, wenn sich ein Benutzer anmeldet\&. Dem Wert muss ein -\fIHZ=\fR -vorangestellt werden\&. Ein \(:ublicher Wert bei Linux ist +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Wenn gesetzt, wird damit die Umgebungsvariable TZ definiert, wenn sich ein Benutzer anmeldet\&. Der Wert kann der Name der Zeitzone sein, dem +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -vorausgeht (zum Beispiel -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), oder der vollst\(:andige Pfad der Datei, welche die Konfiguration der Zeitzone enth\(:alt (zum Beispiel +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Wenn ein vollst\(:andiger Pfadname angegeben wird, die Datei aber nicht existiert oder nicht lesbar ist, wird -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR -verwendet\&. +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man8/useradd.8 b/man/de/man8/useradd.8 index 566f005f..b0c42b00 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/useradd.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/useradd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: useradd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "USERADD" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "USERADD" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -38,63 +38,68 @@ useradd \- erstellt einen neuen Benutzer oder aktualisiert die Standardwerte f\( \fBuseradd\fR \-D [\fIOptionen\fR] .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Wenn der Befehl -\fBuseradd\fR -ohne die Option +When invoked without the \fB\-D\fR -aufgerufen wird, wird ein neues Benutzerkonto mit den Werten erstellt, die auf der Befehlszeile angegeben wurden, und den Standardwerten des Systems\&. Je nach den Optionen auf der Befehlszeile aktualisiert der Befehl +option, the +\fBuseradd\fR +command creates a new user account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system\&. Depending on command line options, the \fBuseradd\fR -Systemdateien, erstellt ein Home\-Verzeichnis f\(:ur den neuen Benutzer und kopiert Dateien\&. +command will update system files and may also create the new user\*(Aqs home directory and copy initial files\&. .PP -Standardm\(:a\(ssig wird auch eine Gruppe f\(:ur den neuen Benutzer erstellt (vergleiche +By default, a group will also be created for the new user (see \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-N\fR, -\fB\-U\fR -und +\fB\-U\fR, and \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR)\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBuseradd\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP -\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIWURZEL_VERZ\fR +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& .RS 4 -Das standardm\(:a\(ssige Wurzelverzeichnis des Systems, wenn nicht eines mit -\fB\-d\fR\ \&\fIHOME_VERZ\fR -festgelegt wurde\&. Der Name des Home\-Verzeichnisses besteht aus der Verbindung von -\fIWURZEL_VERZ\fR -und dem Kontonamen\&. Wenn die Option +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIBASE_DIR\fR +.RS 4 +The default base directory for the system if +\fB\-d\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR +is not specified\&. +\fIBASE_DIR\fR +is concatenated with the account name to define the home directory\&. If the \fB\-m\fR -nicht verwendet wird, muss -\fIWURZEL_VERZ\fR -existieren\&. +option is not used, +\fIBASE_DIR\fR +must exist\&. .sp -Falls diese Option nicht angegeben wird, verwendet +If this option is not specified, \fBuseradd\fR -das Wurzelverzeichnis, das mit der Variable +will use the base directory specified by the \fBHOME\fR -in -/etc/default/useradd -festgelegt wurde, anderenfalls -/home\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or +/home +by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fIKOMMENTAR\fR +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENT\fR .RS 4 Eine beliebige Zeichenkette\&. Dies ist f\(:ur gew\(:ohnlich eine kurze Beschreibung des Logins und wird im Moment im Feld f\(:ur den vollst\(:andigen Namen des Benutzers gespeichert\&. .RE .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\-dir\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Beim Anlegen des neuen Benutzers wird -\fIHOME_VERZ\fR -als das Anmeldeverzeichnis des Benutzers verwendet\&. Um den Namen des Anmeldeverzeichnisses zu erhalten, wird standardm\(:a\(ssig der -\fIANMELDE\fR\-Name an -\fIWURZEL_VERZ\fR -angeh\(:angt\&. Das Verzeichnis -\fIHOME_VERZ\fR -muss nicht vorhanden sein, sondern wird gegebenenfalls angelegt\&. +The new user will be created using +\fIHOME_DIR\fR +as the value for the user\*(Aqs login directory\&. The default is to append the +\fILOGIN\fR +name to +\fIBASE_DIR\fR +and use that as the login directory name\&. The directory +\fIHOME_DIR\fR +does not have to exist but will not be created if it is missing\&. .RE .PP \fB\-D\fR, \fB\-\-defaults\fR @@ -102,64 +107,59 @@ muss nicht vorhanden sein, sondern wird gegebenenfalls angelegt\&. Lesen Sie dazu unten den Abschnitt \(FcDie Standardwerte ver\(:andern\(Fo\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIVERFALLS_DATUM\fR +\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 -Das Datum, an welchem das Benutzerkonto deaktiviert wird\&. Das Datum muss im Format -\fIJJJJ\-MM\-TT\fR -angegeben werden\&. +The date on which the user account will be disabled\&. The date is specified in the format +\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR\&. .sp -Falls nicht definiert, verwendet +If not specified, \fBuseradd\fR -das Standardverfallsdatum, das mit der Variable +will use the default expiry date specified by the \fBEXPIRE\fR -in -/etc/default/useradd -bestimmt wurde, anderenfalls eine leere Zeichenkette (kein Verfall)\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or an empty string (no expiry) by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINAKTIV\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 Die Anzahl von Tagen nach Ablaufen des Passworts bis das Konto dauerhaft deaktiviert wird\&. Ein Wert von 0 deaktiviert das Konto, sobald das Passwort abl\(:auft\&. Ein Wert von \-1 schaltet diese Funktion ab\&. .sp -Falls nicht definiert, verwendet +If not specified, \fBuseradd\fR -die Standarddauer der Inaktivit\(:at, die mit der Variable +will use the default inactivity period specified by the \fBINACTIVE\fR -in -/etc/default/useradd -bestimmt wurde, anderenfalls \-1\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or \-1 by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGRUPPE\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR .RS 4 Der Name oder die Nummer der anf\(:anglichen Anmeldegruppe des Benutzers\&. Der Gruppenname muss existieren\&. Die Gruppenzahl muss auf eine bereits vorhandene Gruppe verweisen\&. .sp -Falls nicht definiert, h\(:angt das Verhalten von +If not specified, the behavior of \fBuseradd\fR -von der Variable +will depend on the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -in -/etc/login\&.defs -ab\&. Wenn diese Variable auf +variable in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. If this variable is set to \fIyes\fR -gesetzt ist (oder auf der Befehlszeile +(or \fB\-U/\-\-user\-group\fR -angegeben wurde), wird f\(:ur den Benutzer eine Gruppe, die auf seinen Namen lautet, erstellt\&. Wenn die Variable auf +is specified on the command line), a group will be created for the user, with the same name as her loginname\&. If the variable is set to \fIno\fR -gesetzt ist (oder auf der Befehlszeile +(or \fB\-N/\-\-no\-user\-group\fR -angegeben wurde), legt useradd als Hauptgruppe des neuen Benutzers diejenige fest, die mit der Variable +is specified on the command line), useradd will set the primary group of the new user to the value specified by the \fBGROUP\fR -in -/etc/default/useradd -definiert wurde, anderenfalls 100\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or 100 by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGRUPPE_1\fR[\fI,GRUPPE_2, \&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GRUPPE_N\fR]]] +\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGROUP1\fR[\fI,GROUP2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GROUPN\fR]]] .RS 4 -Eine Liste der zus\(:atzlichen Gruppen, denen der Benutzer ebenfalls angeh\(:ort\&. Die Gruppen sind durch Kommata ohne Leerzeichen voneinander zu trennen\&. Die Gruppen unterliegen denselben Beschr\(:ankungen wie die Gruppe, die mit der Option +A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of\&. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace\&. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the \fB\-g\fR -bestimmt wurde\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig ist der Benutzer nur Mitglied der Ausgangsgruppe\&. +option\&. The default is for the user to belong only to the initial group\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -167,28 +167,27 @@ bestimmt wurde\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig ist der Benutzer nur Mitglied der Ausgangs zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm .RE .PP -\fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-skel\fR\ \&\fIGER\(:UST_VERZ\fR +\fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-skel\fR\ \&\fISKEL_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Das Ger\(:ustverzeichnis, das die Dateien und Verzeichnisse enth\(:alt, die in das Home\-Verzeichnis des Benutzers kopiert werden, wenn es von -\fBuseradd\fR -erstellt wird\&. +The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in the user\*(Aqs home directory, when the home directory is created by +\fBuseradd\fR\&. .sp -Diese Option ist nur zul\(:assig, wenn auch die Option +This option is only valid if the \fB\-m\fR -(oder -\fB\-\-create\-home\fR) angegeben wird\&. +(or +\fB\-\-create\-home\fR) option is specified\&. .sp -Wenn diese Option nicht angegeben wird, wird das Ger\(:ustverzeichnis durch die Variable +If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the \fBSKEL\fR -in +variable in /etc/default/useradd -festgelegt, anderenfalls ist dieses +or, by default, /etc/skel\&. .sp Soweit m\(:oglich, werden die ACLs und erweiterten Attribute kopiert\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fISCHL\(:USSEL\fR=\fIWERT\fR +\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIKEY\fR=\fIVALUE\fR .RS 4 Overrides /etc/login\&.defs @@ -216,65 +215,58 @@ By default, the user\*(Aqs entries in the lastlog and faillog databases are rese .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-create\-home\fR .RS 4 -Erstellt das Home\-Verzeichnis des Benutzers, wenn es nicht vorhanden ist\&. Die Dateien und Verzeichnisse im Ger\(:ustverzeichnis, das mit der Option +Create the user\*(Aqs home directory if it does not exist\&. The files and directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with the \fB\-k\fR -festgelegt werden kann, werden in das Home\-Verzeichnis kopiert\&. +option) will be copied to the home directory\&. .sp -Wenn diese Option nicht angegeben wird und +By default, if this option is not specified and \fBCREATE_HOME\fR -nicht aktiviert wurde, wird standardm\(:a\(ssig kein Home\-Verzeichnis erstellt\&. +is not enabled, no home directories are created\&. .RE .PP \fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-no\-create\-home\fR .RS 4 -Erstellt nicht das Home\-Verzeichnis des Benutzers, selbst wenn die systemweite Option -\fBCREATE_HOME\fR -in +Do no create the user\*(Aqs home directory, even if the system wide setting from /etc/login\&.defs -auf -\fIyes\fR -gesetzt ist\&. +(\fBCREATE_HOME\fR) is set to +\fIyes\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-N\fR, \fB\-\-no\-user\-group\fR .RS 4 -Erstellt keine Gruppe mit dem gleichen Namen wie der Benutzer, aber f\(:ugt ihn der Gruppe hinzu, die mit der Option +Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to the group specified by the \fB\-g\fR -oder mit der Variable +option or by the \fBGROUP\fR -in -/etc/default/useradd -angegeben wurde\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd\&. .sp -Wenn die Optionen +The default behavior (if the \fB\-g\fR, -\fB\-N\fR -und +\fB\-N\fR, and \fB\-U\fR -nicht angegeben werden, wird das Verhalten durch die Variable +options are not specified) is defined by the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -in -/etc/login\&.defs -bestimmt\&. +variable in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR .RS 4 Erlaubt das Erstellen eines Benutzerkontos mit einer schon vergebenen (nicht eindeutigen) UID\&. .sp -Diese Option kann nur in Verbindung mit der Option +This option is only valid in combination with the \fB\-u\fR -verwendet werden\&. +option\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORT\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -Das verschl\(:usselte Passwort, wie es von -\fBcrypt\fR(3) -zur\(:uckgegeben wird\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig ist das Passwort deaktiviert\&. +The encrypted password, as returned by +\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. The default is to disable the password\&. .sp -\fBHinweis:\fR -Diese Option ist nicht empfehlenswert, weil das Passwort (auch wenn es verschl\(:usselt ist) f\(:ur Benutzer sichtbar ist, die sich den Prozess anzeigen lassen\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Sie sollten sicherstellen, dass das Passwort den Passwortrichtlinien des Systems entspricht\&. .RE @@ -283,17 +275,15 @@ Sie sollten sicherstellen, dass das Passwort den Passwortrichtlinien des Systems .RS 4 erstellt ein Systemkonto .sp -Systembenutzer werden ohne Hinterlegung ihres Alters in -/etc/shadow -erstellt\&. Ihre numerische Kennung wird aus der Spanne -\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -bis -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR -anstelle von -\fBUID_MIN\fR -bis -\fBUID_MAX\fR -gew\(:ahlt (gleiches gilt f\(:ur die GID bei der Erstellung von Gruppen)\&. +System users will be created with no aging information in +/etc/shadow, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the +\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR +range, defined in +/etc/login\&.defs, instead of +\fBUID_MIN\fR\-\fBUID_MAX\fR +(and their +\fBGID\fR +counterparts for the creation of groups)\&. .sp Note that \fBuseradd\fR @@ -304,12 +294,13 @@ will not create a home directory for such a user, regardless of the default sett options if you want a home directory for a system account to be created\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -323,108 +314,105 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR .RS 4 -Der Name der Anmelde\-Shell des Benutzers\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig wird dieses Feld leer gelassen\&. Das System verwendet dann die Standard\-Anmelde\-Shell, die mit der Variable +The name of the user\*(Aqs login shell\&. The default is to leave this field blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell specified by the \fBSHELL\fR -in -/etc/default/useradd -definiert wird, anderenfalls bleibt das Feld leer\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or an empty string by default\&. .RE .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-uid\fR\ \&\fIUID\fR .RS 4 -Der zahlenm\(:a\(ssige Wert der Benutzer\-ID\&. Dieser Wert muss eindeutig sein, sofern nicht die Option +The numerical value of the user\*(Aqs ID\&. This value must be unique, unless the \fB\-o\fR -verwendet wird\&. Der Wert darf nicht negativ sein\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig wird der kleinste Wert gr\(:o\(sser als oder gleich +option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to \fBUID_MIN\fR -und gr\(:o\(sser als jeder andere Wert eines Benutzers verwendet\&. +and greater than every other user\&. .sp -Vergleichen Sie auch die Option +See also the \fB\-r\fR -und die Ausf\(:uhrungen zu -\fBUID_MAX\fR\&. +option and the +\fBUID_MAX\fR +description\&. .RE .PP \fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-user\-group\fR .RS 4 erstellt eine Gruppe mit dem gleichen Name wie der Benutzer und f\(:ugt diesen der Gruppe hinzu .sp -Wenn die Optionen +The default behavior (if the \fB\-g\fR, -\fB\-N\fR -und +\fB\-N\fR, and \fB\-U\fR -nicht angegeben werden, wird das Verhalten durch die Variable +options are not specified) is defined by the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -in -/etc/login\&.defs -bestimmt\&. +variable in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR\ \&\fISE\-BENUTZER\fR +\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR\ \&\fISEUSER\fR .RS 4 Der SELinux\-Benutzer f\(:ur den Benutzer nach seiner Anmeldung\&. Standardm\(:a\(ssig bleibt dieses Feld leer und es wird dem System \(:uberlassen, den SELinux\-Benutzer zu bestimmen\&. .RE .SS "Die Standardwerte ver\(:andern" .PP -Wenn -\fBuseradd\fR -nur mit der Option +When invoked with only the \fB\-D\fR -aufgerufen wird, werden die aktuellen Standardwerte angezeigt\&. Wenn +option, \fBuseradd\fR -neben der Option +will display the current default values\&. When invoked with \fB\-D\fR -mit weiteren Optionen aufgerufen wird, werden deren Standardwerte entsprechend angepasst\&. Die g\(:ultigen Optionen, um Standardwerte zu \(:andern, sind: +plus other options, +\fBuseradd\fR +will update the default values for the specified options\&. Valid default\-changing options are: .PP -\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIWURZEL_VERZ\fR +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIBASE_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Das Wurzelverzeichnis des Home\-Verzeichnisses eines neuen Benutzers\&. Der Benutzername wird an -\fIWURZEL_VERZ\fR -angeh\(:angt, um den Namen des Home\-Verzeichnisses zu erhalten, falls nicht die Option +The path prefix for a new user\*(Aqs home directory\&. The user\*(Aqs name will be affixed to the end of +\fIBASE_DIR\fR +to form the new user\*(Aqs home directory name, if the \fB\-d\fR -bei der Erstellung eines neuen Kontos verwendet wird\&. +option is not used when creating a new account\&. .sp -Diese Option ver\(:andert die Variable +This option sets the \fBHOME\fR -in +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIVERFALLS_DATUM\fR +\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 das Datum, an dem das Benutzerkonto abgeschaltet wird .sp -Diese Option ver\(:andert die Variable +This option sets the \fBEXPIRE\fR -in +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINAKTIV\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 die Anzahl von Tagen nach dem Ablaufen des Passworts bis das Konto deaktiviert wird .sp -Diese Option ver\(:andert die Variable +This option sets the \fBINACTIVE\fR -in +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGRUPPE\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR .RS 4 -Der Gruppenname oder die GID f\(:ur die Anfangsgruppe eines neuen Benutzers (wenn +The group name or ID for a new user\*(Aqs initial group (when the \fB\-N/\-\-no\-user\-group\fR -verwendet wird oder wenn in -/etc/login\&.defs -die Variable +is used or when the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -auf +variable is set to \fIno\fR -gesetzt ist)\&. Die bezeichnete Gruppe und die GID m\(:ussen existieren\&. +in +/etc/login\&.defs)\&. The named group must exist, and a numerical group ID must have an existing entry\&. .sp -Diese Option ver\(:andert die Variable +This option sets the \fBGROUP\fR -in +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP @@ -432,56 +420,53 @@ in .RS 4 der Name der Anmelde\-Shell des neuen Benutzers .sp -Diese Option ver\(:andert die Variable +This option sets the \fBSHELL\fR -in +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .SH "ANMERKUNGEN" .PP -Der Systemadministrator ist daf\(:ur verantwortlich, die standardm\(:a\(ssigen Benutzerdateien im Verzeichnis +The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files in the /etc/skel/ -(oder in einem anderen Ger\(:ustverzeichnis, das in +directory (or any other skeleton directory specified in /etc/default/useradd -oder \(:uber die Befehlszeile definiert wurde), anzulegen\&. +or on the command line)\&. .SH "WARNUNGEN" .PP Sie d\(:urfen einen Benutzer nicht einer NIS\- oder LDAP\-Gruppe hinzuf\(:ugen\&. Dies muss auf dem entsprechenden Server durchgef\(:uhrt werden\&. .PP -Ebenso wird +Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such as NIS or LDAP, \fBuseradd\fR -ablehnen, ein neues Benutzerkonto zu erstellen, wenn der Benutzername schon in einer externen Benutzerdatenbank wie z\&.B\&. NIS oder LDAP vorhanden ist\&. +will deny the user account creation request\&. .PP Benutzernamen m\(:ussen mit einem Kleinbuchstaben oder einem Unterstrich beginnen\&. Sie d\(:urfen nur Kleinbuchstaben, Zahlen, Unterstriche oder Gedankenstriche enthalten\&. Sie k\(:onnen mit einem Dollarzeichen enden\&. Als regul\(:arer Ausdruck: [a\-z_][a\-z0\-9_\-]*[$]? .PP Benutzernamen d\(:urfen nur bis zu 32 Zeichen lang sein\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCREATE_HOME\fR (boolesch) +\fBCREATE_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 bestimmt, ob standardm\(:a\(ssig ein Home\-Verzeichnis f\(:ur neue Benutzer erstellt werden soll .sp Diese Einstellung trifft nicht auf Systembenutzer zu\&. Sie kann auf der Befehlszeile \(:uberschrieben werden\&. .RE .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (Zahl), \fBGID_MIN\fR (Zahl) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Bereich von Gruppen\-IDs, aus dem die Programme +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -oder -\fBnewusers\fR -bei der Erstellung normaler Gruppen ausw\(:ahlen d\(:urfen +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Der Standardwert f\(:ur +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -ist 1000, f\(:ur -\fBGID_MAX\fR -60\&.000\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP \fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number) @@ -493,40 +478,38 @@ No option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing lastlog entries\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 Das Verzeichnis des Mail\-Spools\&. Diese Angabe wird ben\(:otigt, um die Mailbox zu bearbeiten, nachdem das entsprechende Benutzerkonto ver\(:andert oder gel\(:oscht wurde\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird ein Standard verwendet, der beim Kompilieren festgelegt wurde\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Legt den Ort der Mail\-Spool\-Dateien eines Benutzers relativ zu seinem Home\-Verzeichnis fest\&. .RE .PP -Die Variablen +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -und +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -werden von +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -und +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -verwendet, um den Mail\-Spool eines Benutzers zu erstellen, zu verschieben oder zu l\(:oschen\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Falls +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -auf -\fIyes\fR -gesetzt ist, werden sie auch verwendet, um die Umgebungsvariable +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the \fBMAIL\fR -festzulegen\&. +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (Zahl) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Maximale Anzahl von Mitgliedern je Gruppeneintrag\&. Wenn das Maximum erreicht wird, wird ein weiterer Eintrag in +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(mit dem gleichen Namen, dem gleichen Passwort und der gleichen GID) erstellt\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Der Standardwert ist 0, was zur Folge hat, dass die Anzahl der Mitglieder einer Gruppe nicht begrenzt ist\&. .sp @@ -537,17 +520,17 @@ Falls Sie eine solche Begrenzung ben\(:otigen, k\(:onnen Sie 25 verwenden\&. Hinweis: Aufgeteilte Gruppen werden m\(:oglicherweise nicht von allen Werkzeugen unterst\(:utzt, selbst nicht aus der Shadow\-Werkzeugsammlung\&. Sie sollten diese Variable nur setzen, falls Sie zwingend darauf angewiesen sind\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Die maximale Anzahl von Tagen, f\(:ur die ein Passwort verwendet werden darf\&. Wenn das Passwort \(:alter ist, wird ein Wechsel des Passworts erzwungen\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird \-1 angenommen (was zur Folge hat, dass diese Beschr\(:ankung abgeschaltet ist)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Die Mindestanzahl von Tagen, bevor ein Wechsel des Passworts zugelassen wird\&. Ein vorheriger Versuch, das Passwort zu \(:andern, wird abgelehnt\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird \-1 angenommen (was zur Folge hat, dass diese Beschr\(:ankung abgeschaltet ist)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (Zahl) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Die Anzahl von Tagen, an denen der Benutzer vorgewarnt wird, bevor das Passwort verf\(:allt\&. Eine Null bedeutet, dass eine Warnung nur am Tag des Verfalls ausgegeben wird\&. Ein negativer Wert bedeutet, dass keine Vorwarnung erfolgt\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird keine Vorwarnung ausgegeben\&. .RE @@ -598,83 +581,76 @@ The default values for are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (Zahl), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (Zahl) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Bereich von Gruppen\-IDs, aus dem die Programme +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -oder -\fBnewusers\fR -bei der Erstellung von Systemgruppen ausw\(:ahlen d\(:urfen +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Der Standardwert f\(:ur +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -ist 101, f\(:ur -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR -\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1\&. +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. +\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (Zahl), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (Zahl) +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Bereich von Benutzer\-IDs, aus dem die Programme +Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by \fBuseradd\fR -oder -\fBnewusers\fR -bei der Erstellung von Systembenutzern ausw\(:ahlen d\(:urfen +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Der Standardwert f\(:ur +The default value for \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -ist 101, f\(:ur -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR -\fBUID_MIN\fR\-1\&. +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. +\fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUID_MAX\fR (Zahl), \fBUID_MIN\fR (Zahl) +\fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -der Bereich von Benutzer\-IDs, aus dem die Programme +Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by \fBuseradd\fR -oder -\fBnewusers\fR -bei der Erstellung normaler Benutzer ausw\(:ahlen d\(:urfen +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Der Standardwert f\(:ur +The default value for \fBUID_MIN\fR -ist 1000, f\(:ur -\fBUID_MAX\fR -60\&.000\&. +(resp\&. +\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (Zahl) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 Die Bit\-Gruppe, welche die Rechte von erstellten Dateien bestimmt, wird anf\(:anglich auf diesen Wert gesetzt\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird sie auf 022 gesetzt\&. .sp \fBuseradd\fR -und +and \fBnewusers\fR -verwenden diese Bit\-Gruppe, um die Rechte des von ihnen erstellten Home\-Verzeichnisses zu setzen\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Sie wird auch von +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -verwendet, um die anf\(:angliche Umask eines Benutzers zu bestimmen\&. Beachten Sie, dass diese Bit\-Gruppe durch die GECOS\-Zeile des Benutzers (wenn +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -gesetzt wurde) oder die Festlegung eines Limits in -\fBlimits\fR(5) -mit der Kennung +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -\(:uberschrieben werden kann\&. +identifier in +\fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Erlaubt Benutzern, die nicht Root sind, die Umask\-Gruppen\-Bits auf ihre Umask\-Bits zu setzen (Beispiel: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007), falls die UID mit der GID identisch ist sowie der Benutzername mit dem Gruppennamen \(:ubereinstimmt\&. .sp -Wenn der Wert -\fIyes\fR -ist, wird +If set to +\fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -die Gruppe des Benutzers entfernen, falls sie keine Mitglieder mehr hat, und +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -wird standardm\(:a\(ssig eine Gruppe mit dem Namen des Benutzers erstellen\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP @@ -724,59 +700,59 @@ Konfiguration der Shadow\-Passwort\-Werkzeugsammlung .RE .SH "R\(:UCKGABEWERTE" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBuseradd\fR -gibt beim Beenden folgende Werte zur\(:uck: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -Erfolg +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -Die Passwortdatei kann nicht aktualisieren werden\&. +can\*(Aqt update password file .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -unzul\(:assige Syntax f\(:ur diesen Befehl +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -ung\(:ultiges Argument f\(:ur Option +invalid argument to option .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -UID ist schon vergeben (und kein +UID already in use (and no \fB\-o\fR) .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -angegebene Gruppe ist nicht vorhanden +specified group doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI9\fR .RS 4 -Benutzername ist schon vergeben +username already in use .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -Die Gruppendatei kann nicht aktualisieren werden\&. +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .PP \fI12\fR .RS 4 -Home\-Verzeichnis kann nicht erstellt werden\&. +can\*(Aqt create home directory .RE .PP \fI14\fR .RS 4 -Die Zuordnung von SELinux\-Benutzern kann nicht aktualisiert werden\&. +can\*(Aqt update SELinux user mapping .RE .SH "SIEHE AUCH" .PP diff --git a/man/de/man8/userdel.8 b/man/de/man8/userdel.8 index 268617af..06e7a30d 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/userdel.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/userdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: userdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "USERDEL" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "USERDEL" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,30 +34,30 @@ userdel \- l\(:oscht ein Benutzerkonto und die dazugeh\(:origen Dateien \fBuserdel\fR [Optionen] \fIANMELDENAME\fR .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBuserdel\fR -bearbeitet die Kontodateien des Systems und l\(:oscht darin alle Eintr\(:age, die auf den -\fIANMELDENAMEN\fR -verweisen\&. Der bezeichnete Benutzer muss existieren\&. +command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to the user name +\fILOGIN\fR\&. The named user must exist\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBuserdel\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR .RS 4 -Diese Option erzwingt, dass der Benutzer entfernt wird, selbst wenn er noch angemeldet ist\&. Sie f\(:uhrt auch dazu, dass +This option forces the removal of the user account, even if the user is still logged in\&. It also forces \fBuserdel\fR -das Home\-Verzeichnis und den Mailspool des Benutzers entfernt, sogar wenn ein anderer Benutzer dasselbe Home\-Verzeichnis hat oder der Mailspool nicht dem angegebenen Benutzer geh\(:ort\&. Falls in -/etc/login\&.defs +to remove the user\*(Aqs home directory and mail spool, even if another user uses the same home directory or if the mail spool is not owned by the specified user\&. If \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -auf +is defined to \fIyes\fR -gesetzt ist und eine Gruppe mit dem gleichen Namen wie der gel\(:oschte Benutzer vorhanden ist, wird auch diese Gruppe entfernt, selbst wenn sie die Hauptgruppe anderer Benutzer ist\&. +in +/etc/login\&.defs +and if a group exists with the same name as the deleted user, then this group will be removed, even if it is still the primary group of another user\&. .sp -\fIHinweis:\fR -Diese Option ist gef\(:ahrlich und kann dazu f\(:uhren, dass Ihr System nicht mehr ordnungsgem\(:a\(ss funktioniert\&. +\fINote:\fR +This option is dangerous and may leave your system in an inconsistent state\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -69,19 +69,20 @@ zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm .RS 4 Die Dateien im Home\-Verzeichnis des Benutzers werden zusammen mit dem Home\-Verzeichnis und dem Mailspool entfernt\&. Dateien, die sich nicht unterhalb des Home\-Verzeichnisses befinden, m\(:ussen per Hand gesucht und gel\(:oscht werden\&. .sp -Der Mailspool wird durch die Variable +The mail spool is defined by the \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -in der Datei +variable in the login\&.defs -definiert\&. +file\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -99,44 +100,42 @@ entfernt die Zuordnung von SELinux\-Benutzern aus den Anmeldeinformationen des B .RE .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 Das Verzeichnis des Mail\-Spools\&. Diese Angabe wird ben\(:otigt, um die Mailbox zu bearbeiten, nachdem das entsprechende Benutzerkonto ver\(:andert oder gel\(:oscht wurde\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird ein Standard verwendet, der beim Kompilieren festgelegt wurde\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Legt den Ort der Mail\-Spool\-Dateien eines Benutzers relativ zu seinem Home\-Verzeichnis fest\&. .RE .PP -Die Variablen +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -und +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -werden von +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -und +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -verwendet, um den Mail\-Spool eines Benutzers zu erstellen, zu verschieben oder zu l\(:oschen\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Falls +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -auf -\fIyes\fR -gesetzt ist, werden sie auch verwendet, um die Umgebungsvariable +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the \fBMAIL\fR -festzulegen\&. +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (Zahl) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Maximale Anzahl von Mitgliedern je Gruppeneintrag\&. Wenn das Maximum erreicht wird, wird ein weiterer Eintrag in +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(mit dem gleichen Namen, dem gleichen Passwort und der gleichen GID) erstellt\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Der Standardwert ist 0, was zur Folge hat, dass die Anzahl der Mitglieder einer Gruppe nicht begrenzt ist\&. .sp @@ -147,13 +146,13 @@ Falls Sie eine solche Begrenzung ben\(:otigen, k\(:onnen Sie 25 verwenden\&. Hinweis: Aufgeteilte Gruppen werden m\(:oglicherweise nicht von allen Werkzeugen unterst\(:utzt, selbst nicht aus der Shadow\-Werkzeugsammlung\&. Sie sollten diese Variable nur setzen, falls Sie zwingend darauf angewiesen sind\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (string) .RS 4 Falls angegeben, wird dieser Befehl ausgef\(:uhrt, wenn ein Benutzer entfernt wird\&. Damit k\(:onnen At\-, Cron\- und Druckauftr\(:age etc\&. des entfernten Benutzers (wird als erstes Argument \(:ubergeben) gel\(:oscht werden\&. .sp Der R\(:uckgabewert des Skripts wird nicht ausgewertet\&. .sp -Dies ist ein Beispielsskript, das die cron\-, at\- und Druckauftr\(:age des Benutzers entfernt: +Here is an example script, which removes the user\*(Aqs cron, at and print jobs: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -161,45 +160,44 @@ Dies ist ein Beispielsskript, das die cron\-, at\- und Druckauftr\(:age des Benu .nf #! /bin/sh -# Pr\(:ufen, ob das ben\(:otigte Argument angegeben wurde +# Check for the required argument\&. if [ $# != 1 ]; then - echo "Verwendungsweise: $0 Benutzername" + echo "Usage: $0 username" exit 1 fi -# cron\-Auftr\(:age entfernen +# Remove cron jobs\&. crontab \-r \-u $1 -# at\-Auftr\(:age entfernen\&. -# Hinweis: Dies wird alle Auftr\(:age entfernen, die der gleichen UID -# geh\(:oren, selbst wenn sie von einem Benutzer mit einem anderen Namen -# eingerichtet wurden\&. +# Remove at jobs\&. +# Note that it will remove any jobs owned by the same UID, +# even if it was shared by a different username\&. AT_SPOOL_DIR=/var/spool/cron/atjobs find $AT_SPOOL_DIR \-name "[^\&.]*" \-type f \-user $1 \-delete \e; -# Druck\-Auftr\(:age entfernen +# Remove print jobs\&. lprm $1 -# Fertig +# All done\&. exit 0 .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} +.sp .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolesch) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Erlaubt Benutzern, die nicht Root sind, die Umask\-Gruppen\-Bits auf ihre Umask\-Bits zu setzen (Beispiel: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007), falls die UID mit der GID identisch ist sowie der Benutzername mit dem Gruppennamen \(:ubereinstimmt\&. .sp -Wenn der Wert -\fIyes\fR -ist, wird +If set to +\fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -die Gruppe des Benutzers entfernen, falls sie keine Mitglieder mehr hat, und +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -wird standardm\(:a\(ssig eine Gruppe mit dem Namen des Benutzers erstellen\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP @@ -234,66 +232,67 @@ Per user subordinate user IDs\&. .RE .SH "R\(:UCKGABEWERTE" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBuserdel\fR -gibt beim Beenden folgende Werte zur\(:uck: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -Erfolg +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -Die Passwortdatei kann nicht aktualisieren werden\&. +can\*(Aqt update password file .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -unzul\(:assige Syntax f\(:ur diesen Befehl +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -Der angegebene Benutzer ist nicht vorhanden\&. +specified user doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI8\fR .RS 4 -Benutzer ist im Moment angemeldet\&. +user currently logged in .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -Die Gruppendatei kann nicht aktualisieren werden\&. +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .PP \fI12\fR .RS 4 -Das Home\-Verzeichnis kann nicht gel\(:oscht werden\&. +can\*(Aqt remove home directory .RE .SH "WARNUNGEN" .PP \fBuserdel\fR -l\(:oscht ein Benutzerkonto nicht, wenn Prozesse laufen, die diesem Konto geh\(:oren\&. In diesem Fall m\(:ussen Sie entweder diese Prozesse beenden oder das Passwort oder Konto des Benutzers sperren und das Konto sp\(:ater entfernen\&. Die Option +will not allow you to remove an account if there are running processes which belong to this account\&. In that case, you may have to kill those processes or lock the user\*(Aqs password or account and remove the account later\&. The \fB\-f\fR -erzwingt das L\(:oschen eines Kontos\&. +option can force the deletion of this account\&. .PP Sie sollten von Hand alle Systemdateien \(:uberpr\(:ufen, um sicherzustellen, dass keine Dateien vorhanden sind, die dem gel\(:oschten Benutzer geh\(:oren\&. .PP Sie sollten keine NIS\-Attribute auf einem NIS\-Client l\(:oschen\&. Dies muss auf dem NIS\-Server durchgef\(:uhrt werden\&. .PP -Falls in -/etc/login\&.defs +If \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -auf +is defined to \fIyes\fR -gesetzt ist, wird +in +/etc/login\&.defs, +\fBuserdel\fR +will delete the group with the same name as the user\&. To avoid inconsistencies in the passwd and group databases, \fBuserdel\fR -die Gruppe mit dem gleichen Namen wie der Benutzer entfernen\&. Um Unstimmigkeiten in der Passwort\- und Gruppendatenbank zu vermeiden, \(:uberpr\(:uft -\fBuserdel\fR, ob diese Gruppe die Hauptgruppe f\(:ur andere Benutzer ist\&. Gegebenenfalls wird eine Warnung angezeigt und die betreffende Gruppe nicht entfernt\&. Mit der Option +will check that this group is not used as a primary group for another user, and will just warn without deleting the group otherwise\&. The \fB\-f\fR -kann das L\(:oschen dieser Gruppe erzwungen werden\&. +option can force the deletion of this group\&. .SH "SIEHE AUCH" .PP \fBchfn\fR(1), diff --git a/man/de/man8/usermod.8 b/man/de/man8/usermod.8 index e227ad7a..7b4fb497 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/usermod.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/usermod.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: usermod .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "USERMOD" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "USERMOD" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,67 +34,78 @@ usermod \- ver\(:andert ein Benutzerkonto \fBusermod\fR [\fIOptionen\fR] \fIANMELDENAME\fR .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Der Befehl +The \fBusermod\fR -ver\(:andert die Kontodateien des Systems, so dass sie die \(:Anderungen enthalten, die in der Befehlszeile eingegeben wurden\&. +command modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that are specified on the command line\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die vom Befehl +The options which apply to the \fBusermod\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-append\fR .RS 4 -F\(:ugt den Benutzer weiteren Gruppen hinzu\&. Kann nur zusammen mit der Option +Add the user to the supplementary group(s)\&. Use only with the \fB\-G\fR -verwendet werden\&. +option\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fIKOMMENTAR\fR +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR .RS 4 -Der neue Wert des Kommentarfelds in der Passwortdatei des Benutzers\&. Er wird normalerweise mit dem Werkzeug +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENT\fR +.RS 4 +The new value of the user\*(Aqs password file comment field\&. It is normally modified using the \fBchfn\fR(1) -ver\(:andert\&. +utility\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\fR\ \&\fIHOME_VERZ\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR .RS 4 das neue Home\-Verzeichnis des Benutzers .sp -Wenn die Option +If the \fB\-m\fR -verwendet wurde, wird der Inhalt des aktuellen Home\-Verzeichnisses in das neue Home\-Verzeichnis verschoben\&. Falls dieses nicht existiert, wird es angelegt\&. +option is given, the contents of the current home directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it does not already exist\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIVERFALLS_DATUM\fR +\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 -Das Datum, an welchem das Benutzerkonto deaktiviert wird\&. Das Datum muss im Format -\fIJJJJ\-MM\-TT\fR -angegeben werden\&. +The date on which the user account will be disabled\&. The date is specified in the format +\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR\&. .sp -Wenn das Argument -\fIVERFALLS_DATUM\fR -leer bleibt, wird der Verfall des Kontos deaktiviert\&. +An empty +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +argument will disable the expiration of the account\&. .sp -Diese Option ben\(:otigt die Datei -/etc/shadow\&. Falls die Datei +This option requires a +/etc/shadow +file\&. A /etc/shadow -leer sein sollte, wird ein Eintrag erstellt\&. +entry will be created if there were none\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINAKTIV\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 Die Anzahl von Tagen, nach denen ein Passwort abgelaufen ist, bis das Konto deaktiviert wird\&. .sp Ein Wert von 0 deaktiviert das Konto, sobald das Passwort abl\(:auft\&. Ein Wert von \-1 schaltet diese Funktion ab\&. .sp -Diese Option ben\(:otigt die Datei -/etc/shadow\&. Falls die Datei +This option requires a /etc/shadow -leer sein sollte, wird ein Eintrag erstellt\&. +file\&. A +/etc/shadow +entry will be created if there were none\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGRUPPE\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR .RS 4 Der Name oder die Zahl der anf\(:anglichen Anmeldegruppe eines neuen Benutzers\&. Der Gruppenname muss existieren\&. .sp @@ -103,79 +114,76 @@ Jede Datei im Home\-Verzeichnis des Benutzers, die der alten Hauptgruppe des Ben Die Gruppenzugeh\(:origkeit von Dateien au\(sserhalb des Home\-Verzeichnisses des Benutzers muss per Hand angepasst werden\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGRUPPE_1\fR[\fI,GRUPPE_2, \&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GRUPPE_N\fR]]] +\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGROUP1\fR[\fI,GROUP2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GROUPN\fR]]] .RS 4 -Eine Liste zus\(:atzlicher Gruppen, denen der Benutzer ebenfalls angeh\(:ort\&. Die Gruppen sind durch Kommata ohne Leerzeichen von einander zu trennen\&. Die Gruppen unterliegen denselben Beschr\(:ankungen wie die Gruppe, die mit der Option +A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of\&. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace\&. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the \fB\-g\fR -bestimmt wurde\&. +option\&. .sp -Wenn der Benutzer aktuell Mitglied einer Gruppe ist, die nicht angegeben ist, wird er aus dieser Gruppe entfernt\&. Dieses Verhalten kann mit der Option +If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user will be removed from the group\&. This behaviour can be changed via the \fB\-a\fR -abgeschaltet werden\&. Damit wird der Benutzer nur den angegebenen Gruppen hinzugef\(:ugt, ohne aus den \(:ubrigen gel\(:oscht zu werden\&. +option, which appends the user to the current supplementary group list\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-login\fR\ \&\fINEUER_ANMELDENAME\fR +\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-login\fR\ \&\fINEW_LOGIN\fR .RS 4 -Der Benutzername wird von -\fIANMELDENAME\fR -zu -\fINEUER_ANMELDENAME\fR -ver\(:andert\&. Andere Ver\(:anderungen werden nicht vorgenommen\&. Daher sollte wahrscheinlich der Name des Home\-Verzeichnisses des Benutzers per Hand ge\(:andert werden, um dem neuen Anmeldenamen Rechnung zu tragen\&. +The name of the user will be changed from +\fILOGIN\fR +to +\fINEW_LOGIN\fR\&. Nothing else is changed\&. In particular, the user\*(Aqs home directory or mail spool should probably be renamed manually to reflect the new login name\&. .RE .PP \fB\-L\fR, \fB\-\-lock\fR .RS 4 -Sperrt das Passwort eines Benutzers\&. Dadurch wird ein \(Fc!\(Fo vor das verschl\(:usselte Passwort gesetzt, wodurch im Ergebnis das Passwort abgeschaltet wird\&. Sie k\(:onnen diese Option nicht mit +Lock a user\*(Aqs password\&. This puts a \*(Aq!\*(Aq in front of the encrypted password, effectively disabling the password\&. You can\*(Aqt use this option with \fB\-p\fR -oder -\fB\-U\fR -verwenden\&. +or +\fB\-U\fR\&. .sp -Hinweis: Wenn Sie das Konto sperren wollen (und nicht nur den Zugang mit einem Passwort), m\(:ussen Sie auch das -\fIVERFALLSDATUM\fR -auf -\fI1\fR -setzen\&. +Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +to +\fI1\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-move\-home\fR .RS 4 verschiebt den Inhalt des Home\-Verzeichnisses eines Benutzers zu dem neuen Ziel .sp -Diese Option ist nur in Verbindung mit der Option +This option is only valid in combination with the \fB\-d\fR -(oder -\fB\-\-home\fR) zul\(:assig\&. +(or +\fB\-\-home\fR) option\&. .sp \fBusermod\fR -versucht, den Eigent\(:umer der Dateien anzupassen und die Rechte, ACL und erweiterten Attribute zu \(:ubernehmen, aber Anpassungen per Hand k\(:onnen dennoch notwendig sein\&. +will try to adapt the ownership of the files and to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be needed afterwards\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR .RS 4 -Wenn es mit der Option +When used with the \fB\-u\fR -verwendet wird, kann mit dieser Option der Wert der Benutzer\-ID auf einen nicht eindeutigen Wert gesetzt werden\&. +option, this option allows to change the user ID to a non\-unique value\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORT\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -das verschl\(:usselte Passwort, wie es von -\fBcrypt\fR(3) -zur\(:uckgegeben wird +The encrypted password, as returned by +\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. .sp -\fBHinweis:\fR -Diese Option ist nicht empfehlenswert, weil das Passwort (auch wenn es verschl\(:usselt ist) f\(:ur Benutzer sichtbar ist, die sich den Prozess anzeigen lassen\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Sie sollten sicherstellen, dass das Passwort den Passwortrichtlinien des Systems entspricht\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -196,42 +204,37 @@ Der Name der neuen Anmelde\-Shell des Benutzers\&. Falls dieses Feld leer gelass .RS 4 der neue numerische Wert der UID des Benutzers .sp -Dieser Wert muss eindeutig sein, sofern nicht die Option +This value must be unique, unless the \fB\-o\fR -verwendet wird\&. Der Wert darf nicht negativ sein\&. +option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. .sp F\(:ur die Mailbox des Benutzers und alle Dateien, die ihm geh\(:oren und sich in seinem Home\-Verzeichnis befinden, wird die ID des Eigent\(:umers automatisch angepasst\&. .sp Der Eigent\(:umer von Dateien au\(sserhalb des Home\-Verzeichnisses des Benutzers muss per Hand angepasst werden\&. .sp -Die Werte von +No checks will be performed with regard to the \fBUID_MIN\fR, \fBUID_MAX\fR, -\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -und +\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR, or \fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR -aus -/etc/login\&.defs -werden nicht gepr\(:uft\&. +from +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP \fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-unlock\fR .RS 4 -Gibt das Passwort eines Benutzers frei\&. Dies entfernt das \(Fc!\(Fo vor dem verschl\(:usselten Passwort\&. Sie k\(:onnen diese Option nicht mit +Unlock a user\*(Aqs password\&. This removes the \*(Aq!\*(Aq in front of the encrypted password\&. You can\*(Aqt use this option with \fB\-p\fR -oder -\fB\-U\fR -verwenden\&. -.sp -Hinweis: Falls Sie das Benutzerkonto freigeben wollen (und nicht nur den Zugang mit einem Passwort), sollten Sie auch das -\fIVERFALLSDATUM\fR -bearbeiten (zum Beispiel auf -\fI99999\fR -oder den Wert von +or +\fB\-L\fR\&. +.sp +Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +(for example to +\fI99999\fR, or to the \fBEXPIRE\fR -aus -/etc/default/useradd -setzen)\&. +value from +/etc/default/useradd)\&. .RE .PP \fB\-v\fR, \fB\-\-add\-subuids\fR\ \&\fIFIRST\fR\-\fILAST\fR @@ -294,13 +297,15 @@ No checks will be performed with regard to from /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR\ \&\fISE\-BENUTZER\fR +\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR\ \&\fISEUSER\fR .RS 4 der neue SELinux\-Benutzer f\(:ur den Anmeldenamen des Benutzers .sp -Wenn -\fISEBENUTZER\fR -leer ist, wird die Zuordnung von SELinux\-Benutzern (sofern vorhanden) aus den Anmeldeinformationen des Benutzers entfernt +A blank +\fISEUSER\fR +will remove the SELinux user mapping for user +\fILOGIN\fR +(if any)\&. .RE .SH "WARNUNGEN" .PP @@ -308,16 +313,18 @@ You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes when th \fBusermod\fR checks this on Linux\&. On other platforms it only uses utmp to check if the user is logged in\&. .PP -Sie m\(:ussen den Eigent\(:umer von -\fBcrontab\fR\-Dateien oder -\fBat\fR\-Auftr\(:agen per Hand \(:andern\&. +You must change the owner of any +\fBcrontab\fR +files or +\fBat\fR +jobs manually\&. .PP Sie m\(:ussen alle \(:Anderung in Bezug auf NIS auf dem NIS\-Server vornehmen\&. .SH "KONFIGURATION" .PP -Die folgenden Konfigurationsvariablen in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -beeinflussen das Verhalten dieses Werkzeugs: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number) .RS 4 @@ -328,40 +335,38 @@ No option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing lastlog entries\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 Das Verzeichnis des Mail\-Spools\&. Diese Angabe wird ben\(:otigt, um die Mailbox zu bearbeiten, nachdem das entsprechende Benutzerkonto ver\(:andert oder gel\(:oscht wurde\&. Falls nicht angegeben, wird ein Standard verwendet, der beim Kompilieren festgelegt wurde\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (Zeichenkette) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Legt den Ort der Mail\-Spool\-Dateien eines Benutzers relativ zu seinem Home\-Verzeichnis fest\&. .RE .PP -Die Variablen +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -und +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -werden von +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -und +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -verwendet, um den Mail\-Spool eines Benutzers zu erstellen, zu verschieben oder zu l\(:oschen\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Falls +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -auf -\fIyes\fR -gesetzt ist, werden sie auch verwendet, um die Umgebungsvariable +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the \fBMAIL\fR -festzulegen\&. +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (Zahl) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Maximale Anzahl von Mitgliedern je Gruppeneintrag\&. Wenn das Maximum erreicht wird, wird ein weiterer Eintrag in +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(mit dem gleichen Namen, dem gleichen Passwort und der gleichen GID) erstellt\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Der Standardwert ist 0, was zur Folge hat, dass die Anzahl der Mitglieder einer Gruppe nicht begrenzt ist\&. .sp diff --git a/man/de/man8/vipw.8 b/man/de/man8/vipw.8 index 75e06e3f..40a4aee8 100644 --- a/man/de/man8/vipw.8 +++ b/man/de/man8/vipw.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: vipw .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13.06.2019 +.\" Date: 01.12.2019 .\" Manual: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: German .\" -.TH "VIPW" "8" "13.06.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" +.TH "VIPW" "8" "01.12.2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Befehle zur Systemverwaltung" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -36,31 +36,29 @@ vipw, vigr \- bearbeitet die Passwort\-, Gruppen\-, Shadow\-Passwort\- oder Shad \fBvigr\fR [\fIOptionen\fR] .SH "BESCHREIBUNG" .PP -Die Befehle +The \fBvipw\fR -und +and \fBvigr\fR -bearbeiten die Dateien +commands edits the files /etc/passwd -beziehungsweise -/etc/group\&. Mit der Option +and +/etc/group, respectively\&. With the \fB\-s\fR -bearbeiten Sie die Shadow\-Versionen beider Dateien, +flag, they will edit the shadow versions of those files, /etc/shadow -und -/etc/gshadow\&. Die Programme werden die geeigneten Sperren setzen, um eine Besch\(:adigung der Dateien zu verhindern\&. Wenn ein Editor ben\(:otigt wird, wird zuerst die Umgebungsvariable -\fB$VISUAL\fR -ausgewertet, danach die Umgebungsvariable -\fB$EDITOR\fR\&. Zuletzt wird der Standard\-Editor -\fBvi\fR(1) -verwendet\&. +and +/etc/gshadow, respectively\&. The programs will set the appropriate locks to prevent file corruption\&. When looking for an editor, the programs will first try the environment variable +\fB$VISUAL\fR, then the environment variable +\fB$EDITOR\fR, and finally the default editor, +\fBvi\fR(1)\&. .SH "OPTIONEN" .PP -Die Optionen, die von den Befehlen +The options which apply to the \fBvipw\fR -und +and \fBvigr\fR -unterst\(:utzt werden, sind: +commands are: .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR .RS 4 @@ -82,12 +80,13 @@ bearbeitet die Passwd\-Datenbank stiller Modus .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -f\(:uhrt die Ver\(:anderungen in dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR -durch und verwendet die Konfigurationsdateien aus dem Verzeichnis -\fICHROOT_VERZ\fR +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shadow\fR @@ -103,9 +102,9 @@ der verwendete Editor .PP \fBEDITOR\fR .RS 4 -der verwendete Editor, wenn +Editor to be used if \fBVISUAL\fR -nicht gesetzt ist +is not set\&. .RE .SH "DATEIEN" .PP @@ -130,7 +129,9 @@ verschl\(:usselte Informationen zu den Benutzerkonten .RE .SH "SIEHE AUCH" .PP -\fBvi\fR(1),\fBgroup\fR(5), -\fBgshadow\fR(5), +\fBvi\fR(1), +\fBgroup\fR(5), +\fBgshadow\fR(5) +, \fBpasswd\fR(5), , \fBshadow\fR(5)\&. diff --git a/man/es/Makefile.in b/man/es/Makefile.in index 64358aad..8e33044e 100644 --- a/man/es/Makefile.in +++ b/man/es/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -164,6 +165,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -209,6 +211,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -305,8 +308,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(top_builddir)/config.status: $(top_srcdir)/configure $(CONFIG_STATUS_DEPENDENCIES) @@ -330,7 +333,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ diff --git a/man/fi/Makefile.in b/man/fi/Makefile.in index 5ea2a163..2c197a22 100644 --- a/man/fi/Makefile.in +++ b/man/fi/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -173,6 +173,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -195,6 +196,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -240,6 +242,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -332,8 +335,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(top_builddir)/config.status: $(top_srcdir)/configure $(CONFIG_STATUS_DEPENDENCIES) @@ -400,7 +403,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ diff --git a/man/fr/Makefile.in b/man/fr/Makefile.in index 2602bdef..67850600 100644 --- a/man/fr/Makefile.in +++ b/man/fr/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -182,6 +182,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -204,6 +205,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -249,6 +251,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -347,7 +350,7 @@ LANG = $(notdir $(CURDIR)) @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@USE_SHA_CRYPT_TRUE@SHA_CRYPT_COND = sha_crypt @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_FALSE@SUBIDS_COND = no_subids @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_TRUE@SUBIDS_COND = subids -CLEANFILES = .xml2po.mo $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml +CLEANFILES = messages.mo login.defs.d $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml all: all-am .SUFFIXES: @@ -368,8 +371,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(srcdir)/../generate_translations.mak $(srcdir)/../generate_mans.mak $(am__empty): @@ -566,7 +569,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ @@ -727,8 +733,19 @@ uninstall-man: uninstall-man1 uninstall-man3 uninstall-man5 \ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ $(MAKE) -C .. config.xml @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ cp ../config.xml $@ -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml ../po/$(LANG).po -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ xml2po --expand-all-entities -l $(LANG) -p ../po/$(LANG).po -o $@ ../$@ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@messages.mo: ../po/$(LANG).po +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ msgfmt ../po/$(LANG).po -o messages.mo + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@login.defs.d: +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ ln -sf ../login.defs.d login.defs.d + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml messages.mo login.defs.d +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ if grep -q SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE $< ; then \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE -->/<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ else \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^\(<!DOCTYPE .*docbookx.dtd"\)>/\1 [<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;]>/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ fi +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ itstool -d -l $(LANG) -m messages.mo -o . $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -i 's:\(^<refentry .*\)>:\1 lang="$(LANG)">:' $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml-config: %.xml diff --git a/man/fr/man1/chage.1 b/man/fr/man1/chage.1 index 40ee785e..420d997d 100644 --- a/man/fr/man1/chage.1 +++ b/man/fr/man1/chage.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chage .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes utilisateur -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "CHAGE" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes utilisateur" +.TH "CHAGE" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes utilisateur" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,29 +34,29 @@ chage \- Modifier les informations de validit\('e d\*(Aqun mot de passe \fBchage\fR [\fIoptions\fR] \fILOGIN\fR .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBchage\fR -modifie le nombre de jours entre les changements de mot de passe et la date du dernier changement\&. Ces informations sont utilis\('ees par le syst\(`eme pour d\('eterminer le moment o\(`u un utilisateur doit changer son mot de passe\&. +command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change\&. This information is used by the system to determine when a user must change their password\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBchage\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-lastday\fR\ \&\fIDERNIER_JOUR\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-lastday\fR\ \&\fILAST_DAY\fR .RS 4 Configurer le nombre du jour, \(`a compter du 1er\ \&janvier\ \&1970, o\(`u le mot de passe a \('et\('e chang\('e la derni\(`ere fois\&. La date peut aussi \(^etre exprim\('ee dans le format AAAA\-MM\-JJ (ou le format utilis\('e plus commun\('ement dans votre r\('egion)\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-E\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIDATE_FIN_VALIDIT\('E\fR +\fB\-E\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 Configurer la date, ou le nombre de jours \(`a compter du 1er\ \&janvier\ \&1970, \(`a partir de laquelle le compte de l\*(Aqutilisateur ne sera plus accessible\&. La date peut aussi \(^etre exprim\('ee dans le format AAAA\-MM\-JJ (ou le format plus commun\('ement utilis\('e dans votre r\('egion)\&. Un utilisateur dont le compte est bloqu\('e doit contacter l\*(Aqadministrateur syst\(`eme pour pouvoir utiliser \(`a nouveau le syst\(`eme\&. .sp -Une valeur de +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -pour -\fIDATE_FIN_VALIDIT\('E\fR -aura pour effet de supprimer la date de fin de validit\('e\&. +as the +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +will remove an account expiration date\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -64,17 +64,22 @@ aura pour effet de supprimer la date de fin de validit\('e\&. Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIDUR\('EE_INACTIVIT\('E\fR +\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-iso8601\fR .RS 4 -Configurer le nombre de jours d\*(Aqinactivit\('e, apr\(`es qu\*(Aqun mot de passe ait d\('epass\('e la date de fin de validit\('e, avant que le compte ne soit bloqu\('e\&. La valeur -\fIDUR\('EE_INACTIVIT\('E\fR -est le nombre de jours d\*(Aqinactivit\('e\&. Un utilisateur dont le compte est bloqu\('e doit contacter l\*(Aqadministrateur syst\(`eme avant de pouvoir utiliser de nouveau le syst\(`eme\&. +When printing dates, use YYYY\-MM\-DD format\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR +.RS 4 +Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked\&. The +\fIINACTIVE\fR +option is the number of days of inactivity\&. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again\&. .sp -Une valeur de +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -pour -\fIDUR\('EE_INACTIVIT\('E\fR -supprime la dur\('ee d\*(Aqinactivit\('e pour un compte\&. +as the +\fIINACTIVE\fR +will remove an account\*(Aqs inactivity\&. .RE .PP \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-list\fR @@ -82,62 +87,66 @@ supprime la dur\('ee d\*(Aqinactivit\('e pour un compte\&. Afficher les informations sur l\*(Aq\(^age des comptes\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIJOURS_MIN\fR +\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -D\('efinir le nombre minimum de jours entre chaque changement de mot de passe \(`a -\fIMIN_JOURS\fR\&. Une valeur de z\('ero pour ce champ indique que l\*(Aqutilisateur peut changer son mot de passe quand il le souhaite\&. +Set the minimum number of days between password changes to +\fIMIN_DAYS\fR\&. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIJOURS_MAX\fR +\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Configurer le nombre maximum de jours pendant lesquels un mot de passe est valable\&. Quand -\fIJOURS_MAX\fR +Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid\&. When +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR plus -\fIDERNIER_JOUR\fR -est inf\('erieur \(`a la date actuelle, l\*(Aqutilisateur est oblig\('e de changer son mot de passe avant de pouvoir utiliser son compte\&. Cet \('ev\('enement peut \(^etre d\('eclench\('e plus t\(^ot gr\(^ace \(`a l\*(Aqoption +\fILAST_DAY\fR +is less than the current day, the user will be required to change their password before being able to use their account\&. This occurrence can be planned for in advance by use of the \fB\-W\fR -qui pr\('evient l\*(Aqutilisateur \(`a l\*(Aqavance par un message d\*(Aqalerte\&. +option, which provides the user with advance warning\&. .sp -Une valeur de +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -pour -\fIJOURS_MAX\fR -supprime la v\('erification de validit\('e\&. +as +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR +will remove checking a password\*(Aqs validity\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIDUR\('EE_AVERTISSEMENT\fR +\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Configurer le nombre de jours d\*(Aqavertissement avant que le changement de mot de passe ne soit obligatoire\&. La valeur -\fIJOUORS_AVERTISSEMENT\fR -est le nombre de jours pr\('ec\('edant l\*(Aqexpiration et durant lesquels un utilisateur sera pr\('evenu que son mot de passe est sur le point d\*(Aqarriver en fin de validit\('e\&. +Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required\&. The +\fIWARN_DAYS\fR +option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned their password is about to expire\&. .RE .PP -Si aucune de ces options n\*(Aqest donn\('ee, +If none of the options are selected, \fBchage\fR -utilise un mode interactif, demandant confirmation \(`a l\*(Aqutilisateur pour les valeurs de tous les champs\&. Entrez la nouvelle valeur pour modifier la valeur du champ, ou laissez la ligne vide pour conserver la valeur actuelle\&. La valeur actuelle est affich\('ee entre crochets\&. +operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields\&. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value\&. The current value is displayed between a pair of +\fI[ ]\fR +marks\&. .SH "NOTE" .PP -Le programme +The \fBchage\fR -n\('ecessite l\*(Aqutilisation d\*(Aqun fichier de mots de passe cach\('es (\(Fo\ \&shadow password file\ \&\(Fc)\&. +program requires a shadow password file to be available\&. .PP -La commande +The \fBchage\fR -est r\('eserv\('ee \(`a l\*(Aqutilisateur root, sauf pour l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-l\fR, qui peut \(^etre utilis\('ee par un utilisateur non privil\('egi\('e pour lui permettre de savoir quand son mot de passe ou son compte arrivera en fin de validit\('e\&. +command is restricted to the root user, except for the +\fB\-l\fR +option, which may be used by an unprivileged user to determine when their password or account is due to expire\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .SH "FICHIERS" .PP /etc/passwd @@ -151,28 +160,28 @@ Informations s\('ecuris\('ees sur les comptes utilisateurs\&. .RE .SH "VALEURS DE RETOUR" .PP -La commande +The \fBchage\fR -retourne les valeurs suivantes en quittant\ \&: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -succ\(`es +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -permission refus\('ee +permission denied .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -erreur de syntaxe +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI15\fR .RS 4 -impossible de trouver le fichier des mots de passe cach\('es +can\*(Aqt find the shadow password file .RE .SH "VOIR AUSSI" .PP diff --git a/man/fr/man1/chfn.1 b/man/fr/man1/chfn.1 index 0f18a7ab..619b4ecd 100644 --- a/man/fr/man1/chfn.1 +++ b/man/fr/man1/chfn.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chfn .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes utilisateur -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "CHFN" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes utilisateur" +.TH "CHFN" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes utilisateur" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,51 +34,53 @@ chfn \- Modifier le nom complet et les informations associ\('ees \(`a un utilisa \fBchfn\fR [\fIoptions\fR] [\fILOGIN\fR] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBchfn\fR -modifie le nom complet d\*(Aqun utilisateur, son num\('ero de bureau, son num\('ero de t\('el\('ephone professionnel, son extension, et son num\('ero de t\('el\('ephone personnel\&. Ces informations sont g\('en\('eralement affich\('ees par +command changes user fullname, office room number, office phone number, and home phone number information for a user\*(Aqs account\&. This information is typically printed by \fBfinger\fR(1) -ou d\*(Aqautres programmes similaires\&. Un utilisateur normal ne peut modifier que les informations associ\('ees \(`a son propre compte, avec les restrictions pr\('ecis\('ees dans -/etc/login\&.defs\&. (Par d\('efaut, les utilisateurs ne peuvent pas modifier leur nom complet)\&. Le superutilisateur peut modifier n\*(Aqimporte quel champ pour n\*(Aqimporte quel compte\&. De plus, seul le superutilisateur peut utiliser l\*(Aqoption +and similar programs\&. A normal user may only change the fields for her own account, subject to the restrictions in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. (The default configuration is to prevent users from changing their fullname\&.) The superuser may change any field for any account\&. Additionally, only the superuser may use the \fB\-o\fR -pour modifier les parties non pr\('ecis\('ees du champ GECOS\&. +option to change the undefined portions of the GECOS field\&. .PP -Ces champs ne doivent contenir aucun \(Fo\ \&:\ \&\(Fc\&. \(`A l\*(Aqexception du champ -\fIautre\fR, ils ne doivent contenir aucune virgule ou signe \('egal\&. Il est \('egalement recommand\('e d\*(Aq\('eviter les caract\(`eres non US\-ASCII, mais cela n\*(Aqest impos\('e que pour les num\('eros de t\('el\('ephone\&. Le champ -\fIautre\fR -est utilis\('e pour garder des informations de compte utilis\('ees par d\*(Aqautres applications\&. +These fields must not contain any colons\&. Except for the +\fIother\fR +field, they should not contain any comma or equal sign\&. It is also recommended to avoid non\-US\-ASCII characters, but this is only enforced for the phone numbers\&. The +\fIother\fR +field is used to store accounting information used by other applications\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options applicables \(`a la commande +The options which apply to the \fBchfn\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-full\-name\fR\ \&\fINOM_COMPLET\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-full\-name\fR\ \&\fIFULL_NAME\fR .RS 4 Modifier le nom complet de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-home\-phone\fR\ \&\fITEL_PERSO\fR +\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-home\-phone\fR\ \&\fIHOME_PHONE\fR .RS 4 Modifier le num\('ero de t\('el\('ephone personnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-other\fR\ \&\fIAUTRE\fR +\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-other\fR\ \&\fIOTHER\fR .RS 4 Modifier les informations GECO de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Ce champ est utilis\('e pour enregistrer les informations de l\*(Aqutilisateur utilis\('ees par d\*(Aqautres applications et peut \(^etre chang\('e seulement par un superutilisateur\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-room\fR\ \&\fINUM\('ERO_DE_BUREAU\fR +\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-room\fR\ \&\fIROOM_NUMBER\fR .RS 4 Modifier le num\('ero de bureau de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -86,61 +88,62 @@ et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-work\-phone\fR\ \&\fITEL_PRO\fR +\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-work\-phone\fR\ \&\fIWORK_PHONE\fR .RS 4 Modifier le num\('ero de t\('el\('ephone professionnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .RE .PP -Si aucune option n\*(Aqest s\('electionn\('ee, +If none of the options are selected, \fBchfn\fR -op\(`ere de mani\(`ere interactive, demandant \(`a l\*(Aqutilisateur d\*(Aqentrer les valeurs actuelles de chacun des champs\&. Entrer une nouvelle valeur pour la modifier, ou de laisser une ligne blanche pour conserver la valeur actuelle\&. La valeur actuelle est indiqu\('ee entre crochets (\fB[ ]\fR)\&. En l\*(Aqabsence d\*(Aqoption, +operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields\&. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value\&. The current value is displayed between a pair of +\fB[ ]\fR +marks\&. Without options, \fBchfn\fR -op\(`ere sur l\*(Aqutilisateur actuel\&. +prompts for the current user account\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (bool\('een) +\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -La valeur -\fIyes\fR -indique que le programme +If +\fIyes\fR, the \fBchfn\fR -n\('ecessitera une authentification avant de proc\('eder \(`a tout changement, \(`a moins qu\*(Aqils ne soient ex\('ecut\('es par le superutilisateur\&. +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (string) .RS 4 -Ce param\(`etre pr\('ecise quelles valeurs du champ +This parameter specifies which values in the \fIgecos\fR -du fichier -passwd -peuvent \(^etre modifi\('ees par les utilisateurs ordinaires \(`a l\*(Aqaide du programme -\fBchfn\fR\&. Il est constitu\('e d\*(Aqune combinaison de lettres parmi +field of the +/etc/passwd +file may be changed by regular users using the +\fBchfn\fR +program\&. It can be any combination of letters \fIf\fR, \fIr\fR, -\fIw\fR -et -\fIh\fR, correspondant respectivement au nom complet, au num\('ero de bureau, au num\('ero de t\('el\('ephone professionnel et au num\('ero de t\('el\('ephone personnel\&. Pour des raisons de compatibilit\('e avec des versions ant\('erieures, +\fIw\fR, +\fIh\fR, for Full name, Room number, Work phone, and Home phone, respectively\&. For backward compatibility, \fIyes\fR -est \('equivalent \(`a +is equivalent to \fIrwh\fR -et +and \fIno\fR -\(`a -\fIfrwh\fR\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, seul le superutilisateur peut effectuer des modifications\&. Pour une configuration encore plus restrictive, il sera pr\('ef\('erable de ne pas installer +is equivalent to +\fIfrwh\fR\&. If not specified, only the superuser can make any changes\&. The most restrictive setting is better achieved by not installing \fBchfn\fR -avec l\*(Aqindicateur SUID positionn\('e\&. +SUID\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 La cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres utilis\('ee pour l\*(Aqinvite de mot de passe\&. La valeur par d\('efaut est d\*(Aqutiliser "Password: " (\(Fo\ \&mot de passe\ \&:\ \&\(Fc), ou une traduction de cette cha\(^ine\&. Si vous d\('efinissez cette variable, l\*(Aqinvite ne sera pas traduite\&. .sp -Si la cha\(^ine contient -\fI%s\fR, ces caract\(`eres seront remplac\('es par le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" .PP diff --git a/man/fr/man1/chsh.1 b/man/fr/man1/chsh.1 index f68c4c79..04b15afb 100644 --- a/man/fr/man1/chsh.1 +++ b/man/fr/man1/chsh.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chsh .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes utilisateur -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "CHSH" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes utilisateur" +.TH "CHSH" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes utilisateur" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,66 +34,69 @@ chsh \- Changer l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes initial \fBchsh\fR [\fIoptions\fR] [\fILOGIN\fR] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBchsh\fR -modifie l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes initial (\(Fo\ \&login shell\ \&\(Fc) de l\*(Aqutilisateur qui sera invoqu\('e lors des connexions de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Un utilisateur normal ne peut changer que l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur associ\('e \(`a son propre compte\&. Le superutilisateur peut changer l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes initial de n\*(Aqimporte quel compte\&. +command changes the user login shell\&. This determines the name of the user\*(Aqs initial login command\&. A normal user may only change the login shell for her own account; the superuser may change the login shell for any account\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options applicables \(`a la commande +The options which apply to the \fBchsh\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fIINTERPR\('ETEUR\fR +\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR .RS 4 Nom du nouvel interpr\('eteur de commandes initial (\(Fo\ \&login shell\ \&\(Fc) de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Si ce champ est vide, le syst\(`eme s\('electionnera l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes initial par d\('efaut\&. .RE .PP -Quand l\*(Aqoption +If the \fB\-s\fR -n\*(Aqest pas s\('electionn\('ee, +option is not selected, \fBchsh\fR -op\(`ere de fa\(,con interactive, demandant \(`a l\*(Aqutilisateur quel doit \(^etre le nouvel interpr\('eteur de commandes initial (\(Fo\ \&login shell\ \&\(Fc)\&. L\*(Aqutilisateur pourra entrer une nouvelle valeur pour modifier l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur, ou laisser la ligne blanche pour conserver l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur actuel\&. L\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur actuel est indiqu\('e entre crochets (\fI[\ \&]\fR)\&. +operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current login shell\&. Enter the new value to change the shell, or leave the line blank to use the current one\&. The current shell is displayed between a pair of +\fI[ ]\fR +marks\&. .SH "NOTE" .PP -La seule restriction plac\('ee sur l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes initial (\(Fo\ \&login shell\ \&\(Fc) est que cette commande doit faire partie de -/etc/shells, \(`a moins qu\*(Aqelle ne soit invoqu\('ee par le superutilisateur, qui peut ajouter n\*(Aqimporte quelle valeur\&. Un compte avec un interpr\('eteur de commandes initial restreint ne peut pas changer son interpr\('eteur\&. Pour cette raison, il est d\('econseill\('e de placer +The only restriction placed on the login shell is that the command name must be listed in +/etc/shells, unless the invoker is the superuser, and then any value may be added\&. An account with a restricted login shell may not change her login shell\&. For this reason, placing /bin/rsh -dans -/etc/shells, puisqu\*(Aqune modification accidentelle vers un interpr\('eteur restreint emp\(^echera alors l\*(Aqutilisateur de revenir ensuite \(`a l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur pr\('ec\('edent\&. +in +/etc/shells +is discouraged since accidentally changing to a restricted shell would prevent the user from ever changing her login shell back to its original value\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (bool\('een) +\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -La valeur -\fIyes\fR -indique que le programme +If +\fIyes\fR, the \fBchsh\fR -n\('ecessitera une authentification avant de proc\('eder \(`a tout changement, \(`a moins qu\*(Aqils ne soient ex\('ecut\('es par le superutilisateur\&. +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 La cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres utilis\('ee pour l\*(Aqinvite de mot de passe\&. La valeur par d\('efaut est d\*(Aqutiliser "Password: " (\(Fo\ \&mot de passe\ \&:\ \&\(Fc), ou une traduction de cette cha\(^ine\&. Si vous d\('efinissez cette variable, l\*(Aqinvite ne sera pas traduite\&. .sp -Si la cha\(^ine contient -\fI%s\fR, ces caract\(`eres seront remplac\('es par le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" .PP diff --git a/man/fr/man1/expiry.1 b/man/fr/man1/expiry.1 index db5deb25..96479a00 100644 --- a/man/fr/man1/expiry.1 +++ b/man/fr/man1/expiry.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: expiry .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes utilisateur -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes utilisateur" +.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes utilisateur" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,16 +34,14 @@ expiry \- V\('erifier et s\('ecuriser la dur\('ee de validit\('e des mots de pas \fBexpiry\fR \fIoption\fR .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -Avec l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-c\fR, +The \fBexpiry\fR -v\('erifie la validit\('e du mot de passe de l\*(Aqutilisateur actuel, et force (avec l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-f\fR) des modifications si n\('ecessaire\&. Il peut \(^etre appel\('e par un utilisateur normal\&. +command checks (\fB\-c\fR) the current password expiration and forces (\fB\-f\fR) changes when required\&. It is callable as a normal user command\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBexpiry\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-check\fR .RS 4 diff --git a/man/fr/man1/gpasswd.1 b/man/fr/man1/gpasswd.1 index 4284c238..678f3fb1 100644 --- a/man/fr/man1/gpasswd.1 +++ b/man/fr/man1/gpasswd.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: gpasswd .\" Author: rafal Maszkowski .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes utilisateur -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "GPASSWD" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes utilisateur" +.TH "GPASSWD" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes utilisateur" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -28,60 +28,63 @@ .\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE * .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .SH "NOM" -gpasswd \- Administrer /etc/group et /etc/gshadow +gpasswd \- administer /etc/group and /etc/gshadow .SH "SYNOPSIS" .HP \w'\fBgpasswd\fR\ 'u \fBgpasswd\fR [\fIoption\fR] \fIgroupe\fR .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBgpasswd\fR -est utilis\('ee pour administrer -/etc/groupet /etc/gshadow\&. Chaque groupe peut avoir -des administrateurs, -des membres et un mot de passe\&. +command is used to administer +/etc/group, and /etc/gshadow\&. Every group can have +administrators, +members and a password\&. .PP -Les administrateurs syst\(`eme peuvent utiliser l\*(Aqoption +System administrators can use the \fB\-A\fR -pour d\('efinir un ou des administrateurs de groupe et l\*(Aqoption +option to define group administrator(s) and the \fB\-M\fR -pour d\('efinir les membres\&. Ils ont tous les droits des administrateurs et membres du groupe\&. +option to define members\&. They have all rights of group administrators and members\&. .PP \fBgpasswd\fR -appel\('ee par -un administrateur de groupe -avec un nom de groupe demande seulement le nouveau mot de passe du -\fIgroupe\fR\&. +called by +a group administrator +with a group name only prompts for the new password of the +\fIgroup\fR\&. .PP -Si un mot de passe est configur\('e, les membres peuvent toujours utiliser +If a password is set the members can still use \fBnewgrp\fR(1) -sans mot de passe\&. Les non membres doivent fournir le mot de passe\&. +without a password, and non\-members must supply the password\&. .SS "Notes sur les mots de passe de groupe" .PP Les mots de passe de groupe repr\('esentent naturellement un risque en mati\(`ere de s\('ecurit\('e, puisque plusieurs personnes ont connaissance du mot de passe\&. Cependant, les groupes sont utiles pour permettre la coop\('eration entre diff\('erents utilisateurs\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -\(`A part les options +Except for the \fB\-A\fR -et -\fB\-M\fR, les options ne peuvent pas \(^etre combin\('ees\&. +and +\fB\-M\fR +options, the options cannot be combined\&. .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBgpasswd\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP -\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIutilisateur\fR +\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR .RS 4 -Ajouter l\*(Aq\fIutilisateur\fR -\(`a ce -\fIgroupe\fR\&. +Add the +\fIuser\fR +to the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fIutilisateur\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR .RS 4 -Enlever l\*(Aq\fIutilisateur\fR -de ce -\fIgroupe\fR\&. +Remove the +\fIuser\fR +from the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -89,70 +92,73 @@ de ce Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-Q\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-Q\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-remove\-password\fR .RS 4 -Enlever le mot de passe pour ce -\fIgroupe\fR\&. Le mot de passe du groupe sera vide\&. Seuls les membres du groupe seront autoris\('es \(`a utiliser +Remove the password from the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. The group password will be empty\&. Only group members will be allowed to use \fBnewgrp\fR -pour rejoindre ce -\fIgroupe\fR\&. +to join the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-restrict\fR .RS 4 -Restreindre l\*(Aqacc\(`es \(`a ce -\fIgroupe\fR\&. Le mot de passe du groupe est d\('efini \(`a \(Fo\ \&!\ \&\(Fc\&. Seuls les membres du groupe seront autoris\('es \(`a utiliser +Restrict the access to the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. The group password is set to "!"\&. Only group members with a password will be allowed to use \fBnewgrp\fR -pour rejoindre ce -\fIgroupe\fR\&. +to join the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-A\fR, \fB\-\-administrators\fR\ \&\fIutilisateur\fR,\&.\&.\&. +\fB\-A\fR, \fB\-\-administrators\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR,\&.\&.\&. .RS 4 Configurer la liste des administrateurs\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-members\fR\ \&\fIutilisateur\fR,\&.\&.\&. +\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-members\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR,\&.\&.\&. .RS 4 Configurer la liste des membres du groupe\&. .RE .SH "AVERTISSEMENTS" .PP -Cet outil ne fonctionne que sur -les fichiers -/etc/groupet /etc/gshadow\&. Par cons\('equent vous ne pouvez modifier aucun groupe NIS ou LDAP\&. Cela doit \(^etre effectu\('e sur le serveur correspondant\&. +This tool only operates on the +/etc/group +and /etc/gshadow files\&. +Thus you cannot change any NIS or LDAP group\&. This must be performed on the corresponding server\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 D\('efinir les algorithmes de chiffrement par d\('efaut du syst\(`eme pour coder les mots de passes (si aucun algorithme n\*(Aqa \('et\('e indiqu\('e sur la ligne de commandes)\&. .sp -Les valeurs suivantes sont accept\('ees\ \&: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(par d\('efaut), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Remarque\ \&: ce param\(`etre remplace la variable -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (nombre) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Nombre maximum de membres par entr\('ee de groupe\&. Lorsque le maximum est atteint, une nouvelle entr\('ee de groupe (ligne) est d\('emarr\('ee dans +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(avec le m\(^eme nom, m\(^eme mot de passe, et m\(^eme GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&. .sp @@ -163,30 +169,30 @@ Si vous avez besoin de configurer cette limite, vous pouvez utiliser 25\&. Remarque\ \&: les groupes d\('ecoup\('es ne sont peut\-\(^etre pas pris en charge par tous les outils (m\(^eme dans la suite d\*(Aqoutils Shadow)\&. Vous ne devriez pas utiliser cette variable, sauf si vous en avez vraiment besoin\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Indiquer si un mot de passe doit \(^etre chiffr\('e en utilisant l\*(Aqalgorithme bas\('e sur MD5\&. Si configur\('ee \(`a -\fIyes\fR, les nouveaux mots de passe seront chiffr\('es en utilisant l\*(Aqalgorithme bas\('e sur MD5 compatible avec celui utilis\('e par les versions r\('ecentes de FreeBSD\&. Il g\(`ere des mots de passe de longueur illimit\('ee et des cha\(^ines de salage plus longues\&. Configurez\-la \(`a +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to \fIno\fR -pour copier les mots de passe chiffr\('es sur d\*(Aqautres syst\(`emes qui ne comprennent pas le nouvel algorithme\&. la valeur par d\('efaut est +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Cette variable est \('ecras\('ee par la variable +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -ou par toute option de la ligne de commande utilis\('ee pour configurer l\*(Aqalgorithme de chiffrement\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Cette variable est obsol\(`ete\&. Vous devriez utiliser +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (nombre), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (nombre) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Quand +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -est configur\('ee \(`a +is set to \fISHA256\fR -ou -\fISHA512\fR, cela d\('efinit le nombre de rounds de SHA utilis\('es par l\*(Aqalgorithme de chiffrement par d\('efaut (quand le nombre de rounds n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e sur la ligne de commande)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Avec beaucoup de rounds, il est plus difficile de trouver le mot de passe avec une attaque par force brute\&. Veuillez remarquer que plus de ressources processeur seront n\('ecessaires pour authentifier les utilisateurs\&. .sp @@ -194,16 +200,16 @@ Si non pr\('ecis\('ee, la libc utilisera le nombre de rounds par d\('efaut (5000 .sp Les valeurs doivent \(^etre comprises dans l\*(Aqintervalle 1\ \&000\ \&\-\ \&999\ \&999\ \&999\&. .sp -Si une seule des variables +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -ou +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -est configur\('ee, alors cette valeur sera utilis\('ee\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Si +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, la valeur la plus \('elev\('ee sera utilis\('ee\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" .PP diff --git a/man/fr/man1/groups.1 b/man/fr/man1/groups.1 index cfb76eaa..b06ff2f3 100644 --- a/man/fr/man1/groups.1 +++ b/man/fr/man1/groups.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groups .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes utilisateur -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "GROUPS" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes utilisateur" +.TH "GROUPS" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes utilisateur" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,21 +34,22 @@ groups \- Afficher la liste des groupes auxquels appartient l\*(Aqutilisateur \fBgroups\fR [\fIutilisateur\fR] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBgroups\fR -affiche la liste des noms de groupe (ou leur identifiant num\('erique) de l\*(Aqutilisateur courant\&. Si une valeur n\*(Aqa pas d\*(Aqentr\('ee correspondante dans -/etc/group, l\*(Aqidentifiant num\('erique du groupe est affich\('e\&. Le param\(`etre optionnel -\fIutilisateur\fR -permet d\*(Aqafficher la liste des groupes pour cet utilisateur\&. +command displays the current group names or ID values\&. If the value does not have a corresponding entry in +/etc/group, the value will be displayed as the numerical group value\&. The optional +\fIuser\fR +parameter will display the groups for the named +\fIuser\fR\&. .SH "NOTE" .PP -Sur les syst\(`emes qui ne g\(`erent pas l\*(Aqappartenance \(`a plusieurs groupes, seules les informations contenues dans +Systems which do not support concurrent group sets will have the information from /etc/group -sont affich\('ees\&. L\*(Aqutilisateur doit utiliser +reported\&. The user must use \fBnewgrp\fR -ou +or \fBsg\fR -pour modifier l\*(Aqidentifiant de groupe r\('eel et effectif\&. +to change his current real and effective group ID\&. .SH "FICHIERS" .PP /etc/group diff --git a/man/fr/man1/id.1 b/man/fr/man1/id.1 index 37136fb9..de347f64 100644 --- a/man/fr/man1/id.1 +++ b/man/fr/man1/id.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: id .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes utilisateur -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "ID" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes utilisateur" +.TH "ID" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes utilisateur" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/fr/man1/login.1 b/man/fr/man1/login.1 index fbae6cd9..76bec3aa 100644 --- a/man/fr/man1/login.1 +++ b/man/fr/man1/login.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes utilisateur -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "LOGIN" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes utilisateur" +.TH "LOGIN" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes utilisateur" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,74 +31,78 @@ login \- D\('emarrer une session sur le syst\(`eme .SH "SYNOPSIS" .HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u -\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIh\(^ote\fR] [\fInom_utilisateur\fR] [\fIENV=VAR\fR...] +\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIhost\fR] [\fInom_utilisateur\fR] [\fIENV=VAR\fR...] .HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u -\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIh\(^ote\fR] \-f \fInom_utilisateur\fR +\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIhost\fR] \-f \fInom_utilisateur\fR .HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u -\fBlogin\fR [\-p] \-r\ \fIh\(^ote\fR +\fBlogin\fR [\-p] \-r\ \fIhost\fR .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -Le programme +The \fBlogin\fR -permet d\*(Aq\('etablir une nouvelle session sur le syst\(`eme\&. Il est g\('en\('eralement invoqu\('e apr\(`es avoir r\('epondu \(`a l\*(Aqinvite de connexion +program is used to establish a new session with the system\&. It is normally invoked automatically by responding to the \fIlogin:\fR -sur le terminal de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. +prompt on the user\*(Aqs terminal\&. \fBlogin\fR -peut \(^etre sp\('ecifique \(`a l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes et ne devrait pas \(^etre invoqu\('e comme un sous\-processus\&. Lorsqu\*(Aqil est appel\('e depuis un interpr\('eteur de commande, +may be special to the shell and may not be invoked as a sub\-process\&. When called from a shell, \fBlogin\fR -doit \(^etre ex\('ecut\('e comme -\fB>exec login\fR, ce qui entra\(^ine la sortie de l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes en cours (et ainsi emp\(^eche le nouvel utilisateur connect\('e de retourner \(`a la session de l\*(Aqappelant)\&. L\*(Aqex\('ecution de +should be executed as +\fBexec login\fR +which will cause the user to exit from the current shell (and thus will prevent the new logged in user to return to the session of the caller)\&. Attempting to execute \fBlogin\fR -depuis un interpr\('eteur de commandes autre qu\*(Aqun interpr\('eteur de commandes initial (\(Fo\ \&login shell\ \&\(Fc) produira un message d\*(Aqerreur\&. +from any shell but the login shell will produce an error message\&. .PP -Un mot de passe est ensuite demand\('e \(`a l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. L\*(Aqaffichage du mot de passe est d\('esactiv\('e pour \('eviter de r\('ev\('eler le mot de passe\&. Seul un petit nombre d\*(Aq\('echecs est permis avant que +The user is then prompted for a password, where appropriate\&. Echoing is disabled to prevent revealing the password\&. Only a small number of password failures are permitted before \fBlogin\fR -ne quitte et que la liaison ne soit interrompue\&. +exits and the communications link is severed\&. .PP -Si une date de fin de validit\('e du mot de passe a \('et\('e d\('efinie pour ce compte, un nouveau mot de passe pourra vous \(^etre demand\('e\&. Votre ancien mot de passe et votre nouveau mot de passe vous seront alors demand\('es avant de pouvoir continuer\&. Veuillez lire la page de manuel +If password aging has been enabled for your account, you may be prompted for a new password before proceeding\&. You will be forced to provide your old password and the new password before continuing\&. Please refer to \fBpasswd\fR(1) -pour plus d\*(Aqinformations\&. +for more information\&. .PP -Apr\(`es une connexion r\('eussie, vous serez inform\('e des messages du syst\(`eme et de la pr\('esence de courrier\&. Vous pouvez d\('esactiver l\*(Aqaffichage du message du syst\(`eme (/etc/motd), en cr\('eant un fichier vide +After a successful login, you will be informed of any system messages and the presence of mail\&. You may turn off the printing of the system message file, +/etc/motd, by creating a zero\-length file \&.hushlogin -dans le r\('epertoire de votre compte\&. Le message concernant les courriers sera \(Fo\ \&\fIYou have new mail\&.\fR\ \&\(Fc, \(Fo\ \&\fIYou have mail\&.\fR\ \&\(Fc, ou \(Fo\ \&\fINo Mail\&.\fR\ \&\(Fc suivant l\*(Aq\('etat de votre bo\(^ite aux lettres\&. -.PP -Vos identifiants d\*(Aqutilisateur et de groupe seront d\('efinis en fonction des valeurs sp\('ecifi\('ees dans le fichier -/etc/passwd\&. Les valeurs des variables d\*(Aqenvironnement -\fI$HOME\fR, -\fI$SHELL\fR, -\fI$PATH\fR, -\fI$LOGNAME\fR, et -\fI$MAIL\fR -seront d\('efinies en fonction des champs appropri\('es de l\*(Aqentr\('ee qui vous correspond\&. Les valeurs d\*(Aqulimit, d\*(Aqumask et de nice pourront \('egalement \(^etre affect\('ees en fonction des entr\('ees du champ GECOS\&. -.PP -Sur certains syst\(`emes, la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement -\fI$TERM\fR -sera initialis\('ee au type de terminal de votre tty, comme sp\('ecifi\('e dans +in your login directory\&. The mail message will be one of "\fIYou have new mail\&.\fR", "\fIYou have mail\&.\fR", or "\fINo Mail\&.\fR" according to the condition of your mailbox\&. +.PP +Your user and group ID will be set according to their values in the +/etc/passwd +file\&. The value for +\fB$HOME\fR, +\fB$SHELL\fR, +\fB$PATH\fR, +\fB$LOGNAME\fR, and +\fB$MAIL\fR +are set according to the appropriate fields in the password entry\&. Ulimit, umask and nice values may also be set according to entries in the GECOS field\&. +.PP +On some installations, the environmental variable +\fB$TERM\fR +will be initialized to the terminal type on your tty line, as specified in /etc/ttytype\&. .PP Un script d\*(Aqinitialisation pour votre interpr\('eteur de commandes pourra \('egalement \(^etre ex\('ecut\('e\&. Veuillez vous r\('ef\('erer \(`a la section de manuel appropri\('ee pour plus d\*(Aqinformations sur cette fonctionnalit\('e\&. .PP Une connexion \(`a un sous\-syst\(`eme est indiqu\('ee par la pr\('esence d\*(Aqun \(Fo\ \&*\ \&\(Fc comme premier caract\(`ere de l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes initial\&. Le r\('epertoire personnel sera utilis\('e comme racine d\*(Aqun nouveau syst\(`eme de fichiers dans lequel l\*(Aqutilisateur sera connect\('e\&. .PP -Le programme +The \fBlogin\fR -n\*(Aqest PAS responsable de la suppression d\*(Aqutilisateurs dans le fichier utmp\&. Les responsables du nettoyage de l\*(Aqappartenance des sessions de terminal sont +program is NOT responsible for removing users from the utmp file\&. It is the responsibility of \fBgetty\fR(8) -et -\fBinit\fR(8)\&. Si vous utilisez +and +\fBinit\fR(8) +to clean up apparent ownership of a terminal session\&. If you use \fBlogin\fR -depuis un interpr\('eteur de commandes sans -\fBexec\fR, l\*(Aqutilisateur que vous utilisez continuera \(`a appara\(^itre comme \('etant connect\('e m\(^eme apr\(`es s\*(Aq\(^etre d\('econnect\('e de cette \(Fo\ \&sous\-session\ \&\(Fc\&. +from the shell prompt without +\fBexec\fR, the user you use will continue to appear to be logged in even after you log out of the "subsession"\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP \fB\-f\fR .RS 4 Ne pas r\('ealiser d\*(Aqauthentification\&. L\*(Aqutilisateur est pr\('e\-authentifi\('e\&. .sp -Remarque\ \&: Dans ce cas, +Note: In that case, \fIusername\fR -est n\('ecessaire\&. +is mandatory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR @@ -116,40 +120,42 @@ Pr\('eserver l\*(Aqenvironnement\&. Ex\('ecuter le protocole de connexion automatique (autologin) pour rlogin\&. .RE .PP -Les options +The \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-h\fR -et +and \fB\-f\fR -ne peuvent \(^etre utilis\('ees que par root\&. +options are only used when +\fBlogin\fR +is invoked by root\&. .SH "AVERTISSEMENTS" .PP -Cette version de +This version of \fBlogin\fR -comporte de nombreuses options de compilation\&. Seules certaines d\*(Aqentre elles peuvent avoir \('et\('e activ\('ees sur votre site\&. +has many compilation options, only some of which may be in use at any particular site\&. .PP L\*(Aqemplacement des fichiers peut varier suivant la configuration du syst\(`eme\&. .PP -Le programme +The \fBlogin\fR -n\*(Aqest PAS responsable de la suppression d\*(Aqutilisateurs dans le fichier utmp\&. Les responsables du nettoyage de l\*(Aqappartenance des sessions de terminal sont +program is NOT responsible for removing users from the utmp file\&. It is the responsibility of \fBgetty\fR(8) -et -\fBinit\fR(8)\&. Si vous utilisez +and +\fBinit\fR(8) +to clean up apparent ownership of a terminal session\&. If you use \fBlogin\fR -depuis un interpr\('eteur de commandes sans -\fBexec\fR, l\*(Aqutilisateur que vous utilisez continuera \(`a appara\(^itre comme \('etant connect\('e m\(^eme apr\(`es s\*(Aq\(^etre d\('econnect\('e de cette \(Fo\ \&sous\-session\ \&\(Fc\&. +from the shell prompt without +\fBexec\fR, the user you use will continue to appear to be logged in even after you log out of the "subsession"\&. .PP -Comme pour n\*(Aqimporte quel programme, l\*(Aqapparence de -\fBlogin\fR -peut \(^etre imit\('ee\&. Si des utilisateurs non s\(^urs ont un acc\(`es physique \(`a la machine, un attaquant pourrait utiliser cet acc\(`es pour obtenir le mot de passe de la personne qui s\*(Aqassi\('erait ensuite face \(`a l\*(Aq\('ecran\&. Sous Linux, le m\('ecanisme SAK peut \(^etre utilis\('e par les utilisateurs pour initier un chemin de confiance et pr\('evenir ce genre d\*(Aqattaques\&. +As with any program, +\fBlogin\fR\*(Aqs appearance can be faked\&. If non\-trusted users have physical access to a machine, an attacker could use this to obtain the password of the next person coming to sit in front of the machine\&. Under Linux, the SAK mechanism can be used by users to initiate a trusted path and prevent this kind of attack\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCONSOLE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBCONSOLE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, soit un chemin complet du fichier contenant les noms de p\('eriph\('eriques (un par ligne), soit une liste de noms du p\('eriph\('erique d\('elimit\('ee par des \(Fo\ \&:\ \&\(Fc\&. Les connexions d\*(Aqun administrateur ne seront autoris\('ees que depuis ces p\('eriph\('eriques\&. .sp @@ -158,66 +164,66 @@ S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas d\('efini, root pourra se connecter depuis n\*(Aqimporte Le p\('eriph\('erique doit \(^etre pr\('ecis\('e sans le pr\('efixe /dev/\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (string) .RS 4 -Une liste de groupes \(`a rajouter aux groupes suppl\('ementaires de l\*(Aqutilisateur lors d\*(Aqune connexion sur une console (d\('etermin\('e par le param\(`etre CONSOLE)\&. Par d\('efaut, aucun groupe n\*(Aqest ajout\('e\&. +List of groups to add to the user\*(Aqs supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting)\&. Default is none\&. -\(`A utiliser avec pr\('ecaution\ \&: il est possible que les utilisateurs aient un acc\(`es permanent \(`a ces groupes, et cela m\(^eme s\*(Aqils ne sont pas connect\('es sur la console\&. +Use with caution \- it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console\&. .RE .PP -\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (bool\('een) +\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Indiquer si la connexion est permise si on ne peut pas acc\('eder au r\('epertoire personnel\&. Le r\('eglage par d\('efaut est \(Fo\ \&no\ \&\(Fc\&. .sp -Si elle est configur\('ee \(`a -\fIyes\fR, l\*(Aqutilisateur va se connecter dans le r\('epertoire racine (/) s\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas possible d\*(Aqacc\('eder \(`a son r\('epertoire personnel\&. +If set to +\fIyes\fR, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, sera utilis\('ee pour d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement HZ lorsqu\*(Aqun utilisateur se connecte\&. La valeur doit \(^etre pr\('ec\('ed\('ee par -\fIHZ=\fR\&. Une valeur commune sur Linux est +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_PATH\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENV_PATH\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, sera utilis\('ee pour d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement PATH quand un utilisateur ordinaire se connecte\&. La valeur est une liste de chemins s\('epar\('es par des deux points (par exemple -\fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR) et peut \(^etre pr\('ec\('ed\('ee par -\fIPATH=\fR\&. La valeur par d\('efaut est +If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular user login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example +\fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by +\fIPATH=\fR\&. The default value is \fIPATH=/bin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, sera utilis\('ee pour d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement PATH quand le super\-utilisateur se connecte\&. La valeur est une liste de chemins s\('epar\('es par deux points (par exemple -\fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR) et peut \(^etre pr\('ec\('ed\('ee par -\fIPATH=\fR\&. La valeur par d\('efaut est +If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superuser login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example +\fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by +\fIPATH=\fR\&. The default value is \fIPATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, sera utilis\('ee pour d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement TZ quand un utilisateur se connecte\&. La valeur peut \(^etre le nom d\*(Aqun fuseau horaire pr\('ec\('ed\('e par +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -(par exemple -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), ou le chemin complet vers le fichier contenant la sp\('ecification du fuseau horaire (par exemple +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Si un chemin complet est sp\('ecifi\('e mais que le fichier n\*(Aqexiste pas ou ne peut pas \(^etre lu, la valeur par d\('efaut utilis\('ee est +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use \fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si ce fichier existe et est lisible, l\*(Aqenvironnement de connexion sera lu \(`a\ \& partir de lui\&. Chaque ligne doit \(^etre sous la forme nom=valeur\&. .sp Les lignes commen\(,cant par un \(Fo\ \&#\ \&\(Fc sont consid\('er\('ees comme des commentaires, et sont ignor\('ees\&. .RE .PP -\fBERASECHAR\fR (nombre) +\fBERASECHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Le caract\(`ere ERASE du terminal (\fI010\fR +Terminal ERASE character (\fI010\fR = backspace, \fI0177\fR = DEL)\&. @@ -225,197 +231,200 @@ Le caract\(`ere ERASE du terminal (\fI010\fR La valeur peut \(^etre pr\('efix\('ee par \(Fo\ \&0\ \&\(Fc pour une valeur octale, ou \(Fo\ \&0x\ \&\(Fc pour une valeur hexad\('ecimale\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (nombre) +\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (number) .RS 4 Le d\('elai en secondes avant qu\*(Aqun nouvel essai soit permis apr\(`es un \('echec de connexion\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Activer l\*(Aqenregistrement et l\*(Aqaffichage des informations d\*(Aq\('echec de connexion de +Enable logging and display of /var/log/faillog +login failure info\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, +If set, \fBlogin\fR -ex\('ecutera cet interpr\('eteur de commandes au lieu de l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de l\*(Aqutilisateur sp\('ecifi\('e dans +will execute this shell instead of the users\*(Aq shell specified in /etc/passwd\&. .RE .PP -\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, les \('echecs de connexion seront enregistr\('es dans le fichier sous le format utmp .RE .PP -\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, le fichier peut d\('esactiver tous les affichages habituels durant la s\('equence de connexion\&. Si un nom de chemin complet est sp\('ecifi\('e, alors le mode taiseux sera activ\('e si le nom ou l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes de l\*(Aqutilisateur sont trouv\('es dans le fichier\&. Si ce n\*(Aqest pas un nom de chemin complet, alors le mode taiseux sera activ\('e si le fichier existe dans le r\('epertoire personnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .RE .PP -\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, le fichier sera affich\('e avant chaque invite de connexion\&. .RE .PP -\fBKILLCHAR\fR (nombre) +\fBKILLCHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Le caract\(`ere KILL du terminal (\fI025\fR +Terminal KILL character (\fI025\fR = CTRL/U)\&. .sp La valeur peut \(^etre pr\('efix\('ee par \(Fo\ \&0\ \&\(Fc pour une valeur octale, ou \(Fo\ \&0x\ \&\(Fc pour une valeur hexad\('ecimale\&. .RE .PP -\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer la journalisation et l\*(Aqaffichage des informations de derni\(`ere connexion de /var/log/lastlog\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (nombre) +\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 Le nombre maximum de tentatives de connexion en cas de mauvais mot de passe\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 La cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres utilis\('ee pour l\*(Aqinvite de mot de passe\&. La valeur par d\('efaut est d\*(Aqutiliser "Password: " (\(Fo\ \&mot de passe\ \&:\ \&\(Fc), ou une traduction de cette cha\(^ine\&. Si vous d\('efinissez cette variable, l\*(Aqinvite ne sera pas traduite\&. .sp -Si la cha\(^ine contient -\fI%s\fR, ces caract\(`eres seront remplac\('es par le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (nombre) +\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (number) .RS 4 Le temps maximum en secondes pour la connexion\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (bool\('een) +\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer la journalisation des connexions r\('eussies\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer l\*(Aqaffichage des noms d\*(Aqutilisateurs inconnus quand les \('echecs de connexions sont enregistr\('es\&. .sp Remarque\ \&: la journalisation des noms d\*(Aqutilisateurs inconnus peut \(^etre un probl\(`eme de s\('ecurit\('e si un utilisateur entre son mot de passe au lieu de son nom d\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer le contr\(^ole et l\*(Aqaffichage du statut de la bo\(^ite aux lettres durant la connexion\&. .sp Vous devriez le d\('esactiver si les fichiers de d\('emarrage de l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes v\('erifient d\('ej\(`a la pr\('esence de courriers (\(Fo\ \&mail \-e\ \&\(Fc ou \('equivalent)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 R\('epertoire d\*(Aqattente des courriels (\(Fo\ \&mail spool directory\ \&\(Fc)\&. Ce param\(`etre est n\('ecessaire pour manipuler les bo\(^ites \(`a lettres lorsque le compte d\*(Aqun utilisateur est modifi\('e ou supprim\('e\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas sp\('ecifi\('e, une valeur par d\('efaut d\('efinie \(`a la compilation est utilis\('ee\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 D\('efinir l\*(Aqemplacement des bo\(^ites aux lettres des utilisateurs relativement \(`a leur r\('epertoire personnel\&. .RE .PP -Les param\(`etres +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -et +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -sont utilis\('es par +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -et +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -pour cr\('eer, d\('eplacer ou supprimer les bo\(^ites aux lettres des utilisateurs\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Si +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -est r\('egl\('e sur -\fIyes\fR, ces variables servent \('egalement \(`a d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, liste d\('elimit\('ee par des \(Fo\ \&:\ \&\(Fc de fichiers de \(Fo\ \&message du jour\ \&\(Fc \(`a afficher lors de la connexion\&. .RE .PP -\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, nom de fichier dont la pr\('esence emp\(^echera les connexions de quelqu\*(Aqun d\*(Aqautre que le superutilisateur\&. Le contenu de ces fichiers doit \(^etre un message indiquant pourquoi les connexions sont d\('esactiv\('ees\&. .RE .PP -\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Activer la v\('erification des restrictions de temps pr\('ecis\('ees dans +Enable checking of time restrictions specified in /etc/porttime\&. .RE .PP -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Activer la mise en place de limites de resources depuis +Enable setting of resource limits from /etc/limits -et ulimit, umask et niveau nice depuis les champs gecos de passwd\&. +and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYGROUP\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres), \fBTTYPERM\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBTTYGROUP\fR (string), \fBTTYPERM\fR (string) .RS 4 -Les permissions de terminal\ \&: la connexion tty appartiendra au groupe +The terminal permissions: the login tty will be owned by the \fBTTYGROUP\fR -et les permissions seront configur\('ees \(`a +group, and the permissions will be set to \fBTTYPERM\fR\&. .sp -Par d\('efaut, le propri\('etaire du terminal est configur\('e au groupe primaire de l\*(Aqutilisateur et les permissions sont configur\('ees \(`a +By default, the ownership of the terminal is set to the user\*(Aqs primary group and the permissions are set to \fI0600\fR\&. .sp \fBTTYGROUP\fR -peut \(^etre le nom d\*(Aqun groupe ou un identifiant num\('erique de groupe\&. +can be either the name of a group or a numeric group identifier\&. .sp -Si vous avez un programme +If you have a \fBwrite\fR -qui est \(Fo\ \&setgid\ \&\(Fc \(`a un groupe sp\('ecial auquel les terminaux appartiennent, d\('efinissez TTYGROUP comme l\*(Aqidentifiant num\('erique du groupe et TTYPERM \(`a 0620\&. Autrement laissez TTYGROUP d\('ecomment\('e et TTYPERM configur\('e soit \(`a 622 soit \(`a 600\&. +program which is "setgid" to a special group which owns the terminals, define TTYGROUP to the group number and TTYPERM to 0620\&. Otherwise leave TTYGROUP commented out and assign TTYPERM to either 622 or 600\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, fichier qui lie les lignes de tty \(`a la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement TERM\&. Chaque ligne du fichier est dans un format ressemblant \(`a \(Fo\ \&vt100 tty01\ \&\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fBULIMIT\fR (nombre) +\fBULIMIT\fR (number) .RS 4 -Valeur par d\('efaut d\*(Aq\fBulimit\fR\&. +Default +\fBulimit\fR +value\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (nombre) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 Valeur d\*(Aqinitialisation du masque de permissions\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, le masque des permissions sera initialis\('e \(`a 022\&. .sp \fBuseradd\fR -et +and \fBnewusers\fR -utilisent ce masque pour d\('efinir les permissions d\*(Aqacc\(`es des r\('epertoires personnels qu\*(Aqils cr\('eent\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Il est \('egalement utilis\('e par +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -pour d\('efinir l\*(Aqumask initial de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Veuillez noter que cet umask peut \(^etre red\('efini par les GECOS de l\*(Aqutilisateur (si +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -est activ\('e) ou en pr\('ecisant une limite avec l\*(Aqidentifiant +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -dans +identifier in \fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer la mise en place de bits de masque de groupe (\(Fo\ \&umask group bits\ \&\(Fc) identiques \(`a ceux du propri\('etaire (exemple\ \&: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) pour les utilisateurs non privil\('egi\('es, si l\*(AqUID est identique au GID et que l\*(Aqidentifiant de connexion est identique au groupe principal\&. .sp -Si cette variable est configur\('ee \(`a +If set to \fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -supprimera le groupe de l\*(Aqutilisateur s\*(Aqil ne contient pas d\*(Aqautres membres, et +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -cr\('eera par d\('efaut un groupe portant le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" .PP diff --git a/man/fr/man1/newgidmap.1 b/man/fr/man1/newgidmap.1 index 87a3c85f..2189d9df 100644 --- a/man/fr/man1/newgidmap.1 +++ b/man/fr/man1/newgidmap.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newgidmap .\" Author: [FIXME: author] [see http://docbook.sf.net/el/author] .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes utilisateur -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "NEWGIDMAP" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes utilisateur" +.TH "NEWGIDMAP" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes utilisateur" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/fr/man1/newgrp.1 b/man/fr/man1/newgrp.1 index 83d36b3f..2d01e0f1 100644 --- a/man/fr/man1/newgrp.1 +++ b/man/fr/man1/newgrp.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newgrp .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes utilisateur -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes utilisateur" +.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes utilisateur" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,36 +34,38 @@ newgrp \- se connecter avec un nouveau groupe \fBnewgrp\fR [\-] [\fIgroupe\fR] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBnewgrp\fR -permet de changer l\*(Aqidentifiant de groupe de l\*(Aqutilisateur au cours d\*(Aqune session\&. Si l\*(Aqoption +command is used to change the current group ID during a login session\&. If the optional \fB\-\fR -est fournie, l\*(Aqenvironnement de l\*(Aqutilisateur est r\('einitialis\('e, comme si l\*(Aqutilisateur venait de se connecter\&. Sinon, l\*(Aqenvironnement actuel, y compris le r\('epertoire de travail actuel est conserv\('e\&. +flag is given, the user\*(Aqs environment will be reinitialized as though the user had logged in, otherwise the current environment, including current working directory, remains unchanged\&. .PP \fBnewgrp\fR -change l\*(Aqidentifiant de groupe r\('eel actuel \(`a la valeur du groupe indiqu\('e, ou au groupe par d\('efaut d\('efini dans +changes the current real group ID to the named group, or to the default group listed in /etc/passwd -si aucun nom de groupe n\*(Aqest fourni\&. +if no group name is given\&. \fBnewgrp\fR -essaiera \('egalement d\*(Aqajouter le groupe \(`a l\*(Aqensemble des groupes de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Si l\*(Aqutilisateur n\*(Aqest pas superutilisateur, un mot de passe lui sera demand\('e s\*(Aqil n\*(Aqutilise pas de mot de passe (dans -/etc/shadow, si cet utilisateur a une entr\('ee dans le fichier des mots de passe cach\('es, ou dans +also tries to add the group to the user groupset\&. If not root, the user will be prompted for a password if she does not have a password (in +/etc/shadow +if this user has an entry in the shadowed password file, or in /etc/passwd -sinon), mais que le groupe en a un, ou si l\*(Aqutilisateur n\*(Aqest pas dans la liste des membres de ce groupe et que ce groupe utilise un mot de passe\&. L\*(Aqacc\(`es sera refus\('e si le mot de passe du groupe est vide et que l\*(Aqutilisateur ne fait pas partie de ses membres\&. +otherwise) and the group does, or if the user is not listed as a member and the group has a password\&. The user will be denied access if the group password is empty and the user is not listed as a member\&. .PP -S\*(Aqil y a une entr\('ee pour ce groupe dans -/etc/gshadow, alors la liste des membres et le mot de passe de ce groupe seront pris dans ce fichier, sinon, l\*(Aqentr\('ee du fichier +If there is an entry for this group in +/etc/gshadow, then the list of members and the password of this group will be taken from this file, otherwise, the entry in /etc/group -est utilis\('ee\&. +is considered\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Activer la journalisation \(Fo\ \&syslog\ \&\(Fc de l\*(Aqactivit\('e de -\fBsg\fR\&. +Enable "syslog" logging of +\fBsg\fR +activity\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" .PP diff --git a/man/fr/man1/newuidmap.1 b/man/fr/man1/newuidmap.1 index 4766609e..ae121ab0 100644 --- a/man/fr/man1/newuidmap.1 +++ b/man/fr/man1/newuidmap.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newuidmap .\" Author: [FIXME: author] [see http://docbook.sf.net/el/author] .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes utilisateur -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "NEWUIDMAP" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes utilisateur" +.TH "NEWUIDMAP" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes utilisateur" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/fr/man1/passwd.1 b/man/fr/man1/passwd.1 index eb3dedb8..3f333bc8 100644 --- a/man/fr/man1/passwd.1 +++ b/man/fr/man1/passwd.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: passwd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes utilisateur -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "PASSWD" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes utilisateur" +.TH "PASSWD" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes utilisateur" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,18 +34,18 @@ passwd \- Modifier le mot de passe d\*(Aqun utilisateur \fBpasswd\fR [\fIoptions\fR] [\fILOGIN\fR] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBpasswd\fR -modifie les mots de passe des comptes d\*(Aqutilisateurs\&. Un utilisateur normal ne peut changer que son propre mot de passe, alors que le superutilisateur peut changer le mot de passe associ\('e \(`a n\*(Aqimporte quel compte\&. +command changes passwords for user accounts\&. A normal user may only change the password for their own account, while the superuser may change the password for any account\&. \fBpasswd\fR -modifie \('egalement les dates de fin de validit\('e du compte ou du mot de passe associ\('e\&. +also changes the account or associated password validity period\&. .SS "Modifications du mot de passe" .PP Dans un premier temps, l\*(Aqutilisateur doit fournir son ancien mot de passe, s\*(Aqil en avait un\&. Ce mot de passe est ensuite chiffr\('e puis compar\('e avec le mot de passe enregistr\('e\&. L\*(Aqutilisateur n\*(Aqa droit qu\*(Aq\(`a un seul essai pour entrer le mot de passe correct\&. Le superutilisateur peut contourner cette premi\(`ere \('etape de mani\(`ere \(`a changer les mots de passe ayant \('et\('e oubli\('es\&. .PP -Une fois que le mot de passe a \('et\('e entr\('e, les informations de limite de validit\('e du mot de passe sont v\('erifi\('ees pour s\*(Aqassurer que l\*(Aqutilisateur est autoris\('e \(`a modifier son mot de passe \(`a cet instant\&. Dans le cas contraire, +After the password has been entered, password aging information is checked to see if the user is permitted to change the password at this time\&. If not, \fBpasswd\fR -refuse de changer le mot de passe, et quitte\&. +refuses to change the password and exits\&. .PP Le nouveau mot de passe sera demand\('e deux fois \(`a l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Le second mot de passe est compar\('e avec le premier\&. Ces deux mots de passe devront \(^etre identiques pour que le mot de passe soit chang\('e\&. .PP @@ -84,30 +84,30 @@ chiffres de 0 \(`a 9 marques de ponctuation .RE .PP -Il faudra faire attention \(`a ne pas utiliser les caract\(`eres de suppression ou d\*(Aqeffacement\&. +Care must be taken not to include the system default erase or kill characters\&. \fBpasswd\fR -rejettera tout mot de passe dont la complexit\('e ne sera pas suffisante\&. +will reject any password which is not suitably complex\&. .SS "Astuces pour les mots de passe" .PP -La s\('ecurit\('e d\*(Aqun mot de passe repose sur la force de l\*(Aqalgorithme de chiffrement et sur la taille de l\*(Aqespace de cl\('es utilis\('e\&. La m\('ethode de chiffrement des syst\(`emes +The security of a password depends upon the strength of the encryption algorithm and the size of the key space\&. The legacy \fIUNIX\fR -est bas\('ee sur l\*(Aqalgorithme NBS\ \&DES\&. Des m\('ethodes plus r\('ecentes sont maintenant recommand\('ees (voir -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR)\&. La taille de l\*(Aqespace de cl\('es d\('epend de l\*(Aqal\('ea du mot de passe utilis\('e\&. +System encryption method is based on the NBS DES algorithm\&. More recent methods are now recommended (see +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR)\&. The size of the key space depends upon the randomness of the password which is selected\&. .PP Les compromissions de la s\('ecurit\('e des mots de passe r\('esultent le plus souvent d\*(Aqune n\('egligence dans le choix du mot de passe, ou lors de son utilisation\&. Pour cette raison, vous ne devez pas s\('electionner de mot de passe apparaissant dans un dictionnaire ou devant \(^etre \('ecrit\&. Le mot de passe ne doit pas non plus \(^etre un nom propre, un num\('ero min\('eralogique, une date de naissance, ou une adresse\&. En effet ceux\-ci pourraient \(^etre devin\('es pour violer la s\('ecurit\('e du syst\(`eme\&. .PP Vous pouvez trouver des conseils sur la fa\(,con de choisir un mot de passe robuste sur http://en\&.wikipedia\&.org/wiki/Password_strength (en anglais)\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBpasswd\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR .RS 4 -Cette option ne peut \(^etre utilis\('ee qu\*(Aqavec +This option can be used only with \fB\-S\fR -et permet d\*(Aqafficher l\*(Aq\('etat des mots de passe pour tous les utilisateurs\&. +and causes show status for all users\&. .RE .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR @@ -125,11 +125,11 @@ Annuler imm\('ediatement la validit\('e du mot de passe d\*(Aqun compte\&. Ceci Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIDUR\('EE_INACTIVIT\('E\fR +\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 -Cette option permet de d\('esactiver un compte quelques temps apr\(`es expiration de son mot de passe\&. -\fIDUR\('EE_INACTIVIT\('E\fR -jours apr\(`es expiration de son mot de passe, l\*(Aqutilisateur ne pourra plus se connecter avec ce compte\&. +This option is used to disable an account after the password has been expired for a number of days\&. After a user account has had an expired password for +\fIINACTIVE\fR +days, the user may no longer sign on to the account\&. .RE .PP \fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-keep\-tokens\fR @@ -141,17 +141,17 @@ Indiquer que la modification de mot de passe ne sera effectu\('ee que lors de l\ .RS 4 Verrouiller le mot de passe du compte indiqu\('e\&. Cette option d\('esactive un mot de passe en le modifiant par une valeur qui ne correspond pas \(`a un mot de passe chiffr\('e possible (cela ajoute un \(Fo\ \&!\ \&\(Fc au d\('ebut du mot de passe)\&. .sp -Veuillez noter que cela ne d\('esactive pas le compte\&. L\*(Aqutilisateur peut toujours se connecter en utilisant une autre m\('ethode d\*(Aqauthentification (par exemple une cl\('e SSH)\&. Pour d\('esactiver un compte, les administrateurs devraient utiliser +Note that this does not disable the account\&. The user may still be able to login using another authentication token (e\&.g\&. an SSH key)\&. To disable the account, administrators should use \fBusermod \-\-expiredate 1\fR -(cela d\('efinit la date d\*(Aqexpiration du compte au 2\ \&janvier\ \&1970)\&. +(this set the account\*(Aqs expire date to Jan 2, 1970)\&. .sp Les utilisateurs avec un mot de passe verrouill\('e ne sont pas autoris\('es \(`a le changer\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIJOURS_MIN\fR +\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -D\('efinir le nombre minimum de jours entre chaque changement de mot de passe \(`a -\fIMIN_JOURS\fR\&. Une valeur de z\('ero pour ce champ indique que l\*(Aqutilisateur peut changer son mot de passe quand il le souhaite\&. +Set the minimum number of days between password changes to +\fIMIN_DAYS\fR\&. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time\&. .RE .PP \fB\-q\fR, \fB\-\-quiet\fR @@ -161,16 +161,18 @@ Mode silencieux\&. .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-repository\fR\ \&\fIREPOSITORY\fR .RS 4 -Modifier le mot de passe dans la base +change password in \fIREPOSITORY\fR +repository .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-S\fR, \fB\-\-status\fR @@ -180,27 +182,28 @@ Afficher l\*(Aq\('etat d\*(Aqun compte\&. Cet \('etat est constitu\('e de 7 cham .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-unlock\fR .RS 4 -D\('everrouiller le mot de passe du compte indiqu\('e\&. Cette option r\('eactive un mot de passe en remettant le mot de passe \(`a sa valeur pr\('ec\('edente (la valeur pr\('esente avant l\*(Aqutilisation de l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-l\fR)\&. +Unlock the password of the named account\&. This option re\-enables a password by changing the password back to its previous value (to the value before using the +\fB\-l\fR +option)\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIDUR\('EE_AVERTISSEMENT\fR +\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Configurer le nombre de jours d\*(Aqavertissement avant que le changement de mot de passe ne soit obligatoire\&. La valeur -\fIJOURS_AVERTISSEMENT\fR -est le nombre de jours pr\('ec\('edant l\*(Aqexpiration du mot de passe et durant lesquels un utilisateur sera pr\('evenu que son mot de passe est sur le point d\*(Aqarriver en fin de validit\('e\&. +Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required\&. The +\fIWARN_DAYS\fR +option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned that their password is about to expire\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-x\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIJOURS_MAX\fR +\fB\-x\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Configurer le nombre maximum de jours pendant lesquels un mot de passe reste valable\&. Apr\(`es -\fIJOURS_MAX\fR, le mot de passe devra \(^etre modifi\('e\&. +Set the maximum number of days a password remains valid\&. After +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR, the password is required to be changed\&. .sp -Une valeur de +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -pour -\fIJOURS_MAX\fR -supprime la v\('erification de validit\('e\&. +as +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR +will remove checking a password\*(Aqs validity\&. .RE .SH "AVERTISSEMENTS" .PP @@ -209,72 +212,73 @@ La v\('erification de la complexit\('e des mots de passe peut varier d\*(Aqun si Il se peut que les utilisateurs ne puissent pas changer leur mot de passe sur un syst\(`eme si NIS est activ\('e et qu\*(Aqils ne sont pas connect\('es au serveur NIS\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 D\('efinir les algorithmes de chiffrement par d\('efaut du syst\(`eme pour coder les mots de passes (si aucun algorithme n\*(Aqa \('et\('e indiqu\('e sur la ligne de commandes)\&. .sp -Les valeurs suivantes sont accept\('ees\ \&: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(par d\('efaut), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Remarque\ \&: ce param\(`etre remplace la variable -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Indiquer si un mot de passe doit \(^etre chiffr\('e en utilisant l\*(Aqalgorithme bas\('e sur MD5\&. Si configur\('ee \(`a -\fIyes\fR, les nouveaux mots de passe seront chiffr\('es en utilisant l\*(Aqalgorithme bas\('e sur MD5 compatible avec celui utilis\('e par les versions r\('ecentes de FreeBSD\&. Il g\(`ere des mots de passe de longueur illimit\('ee et des cha\(^ines de salage plus longues\&. Configurez\-la \(`a +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to \fIno\fR -pour copier les mots de passe chiffr\('es sur d\*(Aqautres syst\(`emes qui ne comprennent pas le nouvel algorithme\&. la valeur par d\('efaut est +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Cette variable est \('ecras\('ee par la variable +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -ou par toute option de la ligne de commande utilis\('ee pour configurer l\*(Aqalgorithme de chiffrement\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Cette variable est obsol\(`ete\&. Vous devriez utiliser +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer des v\('erifications suppl\('ementaires lors des changements de mot de passe\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (bool\('een) +\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Avertir en cas de mots de passe faibles (mais les accepte quand m\(^eme) si vous \(^etes superutilisateur\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre maximum d\*(Aqessais pour changer de mot de passe si refus\('e (trop facile)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (nombre), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (number), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Nombre de caract\(`eres significatifs dans le mot de passe pour crypt()\&. La valeur par d\('efaut de +Number of significant characters in the password for crypt()\&. \fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR -est 8\&. Ne la changez pas \(`a moins que votre crypt() ne soit meilleur\&. Ceci est ignor\('e si +is 8 by default\&. Don\*(Aqt change unless your crypt() is better\&. This is ignored if \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -est configur\('ee \(`a +set to \fIyes\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (nombre), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (nombre) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Quand +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -est configur\('ee \(`a +is set to \fISHA256\fR -ou -\fISHA512\fR, cela d\('efinit le nombre de rounds de SHA utilis\('es par l\*(Aqalgorithme de chiffrement par d\('efaut (quand le nombre de rounds n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e sur la ligne de commande)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Avec beaucoup de rounds, il est plus difficile de trouver le mot de passe avec une attaque par force brute\&. Veuillez remarquer que plus de ressources processeur seront n\('ecessaires pour authentifier les utilisateurs\&. .sp @@ -282,16 +286,16 @@ Si non pr\('ecis\('ee, la libc utilisera le nombre de rounds par d\('efaut (5000 .sp Les valeurs doivent \(^etre comprises dans l\*(Aqintervalle 1\ \&000\ \&\-\ \&999\ \&999\ \&999\&. .sp -Si une seule des variables +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -ou +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -est configur\('ee, alors cette valeur sera utilis\('ee\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Si +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, la valeur la plus \('elev\('ee sera utilis\('ee\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" .PP @@ -311,51 +315,51 @@ Configuration de la suite des mots de passe cach\('es \(Fo\ \&shadow password\ \ .RE .SH "VALEURS DE RETOUR" .PP -La commande +The \fBpasswd\fR -retourne les valeurs suivantes en quittant\ \&: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -succ\(`es +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -permission refus\('ee +permission denied .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -combinaison d\*(Aqoptions non valable +invalid combination of options .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -\('echec inattendu, rien n\*(Aqa \('et\('e fait +unexpected failure, nothing done .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -\('echec inattendu, le fichier +unexpected failure, passwd -est manquant +file missing .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -fichier passwd -en cours d\*(Aqutilisation, veuillez r\('eessayer plus tard +file busy, try again .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -param\(`etre non valable pour l\*(Aqoption +invalid argument to option .RE .SH "VOIR AUSSI" .PP \fBchpasswd\fR(8), \fBpasswd\fR(5), \fBshadow\fR(5), -\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),\fBusermod\fR(8)\&. +\fBlogin.defs\fR(5), +\fBusermod\fR(8)\&. diff --git a/man/fr/man1/sg.1 b/man/fr/man1/sg.1 index 0f2ea2e5..df068cc3 100644 --- a/man/fr/man1/sg.1 +++ b/man/fr/man1/sg.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: sg .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes utilisateur -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "SG" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes utilisateur" +.TH "SG" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes utilisateur" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,35 +31,40 @@ sg \- ex\('ecuter une commande avec un autre identifiant de groupe .SH "SYNOPSIS" .HP \w'\fBsg\fR\ 'u -\fBsg\fR [\-] [groupe\ [\-c]\ commande] +\fBsg\fR [\-] [group\ [\-c\ ]\ command] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBsg\fR -fonctionne de la m\(^eme mani\(`ere que -\fBnewgrp\fR, mais prend une commande comme param\(`etre\&. Cette commande sera ex\('ecut\('ee avec un interpr\('eteur de commandes -/bin/sh\&. Avec la plupart des interpr\('eteurs de commandes permettant d\*(Aqex\('ecuter -\fBsg\fR, si la commande comporte plusieurs mots, il faut la placer entre des guillemets (\(Fo\ \&"\ \&\(Fc)\&. Une autre diff\('erence entre +command works similar to \fBnewgrp\fR -et +but accepts a command\&. The command will be executed with the +/bin/sh +shell\&. With most shells you may run \fBsg\fR -est que certains interpr\('eteurs de commandes traitent +from, you need to enclose multi\-word commands in quotes\&. Another difference between \fBnewgrp\fR -de fa\(,con particuli\(`ere, en se rempla\(,cant eux\-m\(^emes par une nouvelle instance d\*(Aqun interpr\('eteur que +and +\fBsg\fR +is that some shells treat +\fBnewgrp\fR +specially, replacing themselves with a new instance of a shell that \fBnewgrp\fR -cr\('ee\&. Ceci n\*(Aqest pas le cas de -\fBsg\fR, ce qui permet de retrouver le groupe pr\('ec\('edent \(`a la sortie de -\fBsg\fR\&. +creates\&. This doesn\*(Aqt happen with +\fBsg\fR, so upon exit from a +\fBsg\fR +command you are returned to your previous group ID\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Activer la journalisation \(Fo\ \&syslog\ \&\(Fc de l\*(Aqactivit\('e de -\fBsg\fR\&. +Enable "syslog" logging of +\fBsg\fR +activity\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" .PP diff --git a/man/fr/man1/su.1 b/man/fr/man1/su.1 index de84b9fd..5216d4f9 100644 --- a/man/fr/man1/su.1 +++ b/man/fr/man1/su.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: su .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes utilisateur -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "SU" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes utilisateur" +.TH "SU" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes utilisateur" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -55,30 +55,30 @@ option is special: it is also recognized after .PP Un mot de passe sera demand\('e \(`a l\*(Aqutilisateur, si n\('ecessaire\&. Les mots de passe incorrects produisent un message d\*(Aqerreur\&. Toutes les tentatives, r\('eussies ou non, sont enregistr\('ees afin de d\('etecter tout abus du syst\(`eme\&. .PP -L\*(Aqenvironnement actuel est fourni au nouvel interpr\('eteur de commandes\&. La valeur de +The current environment is passed to the new shell\&. The value of \fB$PATH\fR -est r\('einitialis\('ee \(`a +is reset to /bin:/usr/bin -pour les utilisateurs normaux, ou \(`a -\fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR -pour le superutilisateur\&. Ce comportement peut \(^etre modifi\('e avec les param\(`etres -\fIENV_PATH\fR -et -\fIENV_SUPATH\fR -dans +for normal users, or +/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin +for the superuser\&. This may be changed with the +\fBENV_PATH\fR +and +\fBENV_SUPATH\fR +definitions in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .PP Une connexion \(`a un sous\-syst\(`eme est indiqu\('ee par la pr\('esence d\*(Aqun \(Fo\ \&*\ \&\(Fc comme premier caract\(`ere de l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes initial\&. Le r\('epertoire personnel sera utilis\('e comme racine d\*(Aqun nouveau syst\(`eme de fichiers dans lequel l\*(Aqutilisateur sera connect\('e\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options applicables \(`a la commande +The options which apply to the \fBsu\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-command\fR\ \&\fICOMMANDE\fR +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-command\fR\ \&\fICOMMAND\fR .RS 4 -Indiquer une commande qui sera invoqu\('ee par l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes en utilisant son option -\fB\-c\fR +Specify a command that will be invoked by the shell using its +\fB\-c\fR\&. .sp La commande ex\('ecut\('ee n\*(Aqaura aucun terminal de contr\(^ole\&. Cette option ne peut pas \(^etre utilis\('ee pour ex\('ecuter des programmes interactifs qui ont besoin d\*(Aqun terminal de contr\(^ole\&. .RE @@ -87,152 +87,149 @@ La commande ex\('ecut\('ee n\*(Aqaura aucun terminal de contr\(^ole\&. Cette opt .RS 4 Fournir \(`a l\*(Aqutilisateur un environnement similaire \(`a celui qu\*(Aqil aurait obtenu s\*(Aqil s\*(Aq\('etait connect\('e directement\&. .sp -Lorsque +When \fB\-\fR -est utilis\('e, il doit \(^etre indiqu\('e avant un -\fBusername\fR\&. Pour des questions de portabilit\('e, on vous recommande de de l\*(Aqutiliser en derni\(`ere option, avant un -\fBusername\fR\&. Les autres formes (\fB\-l\fR -et -\fB\-\-login\fR) ne pr\('esentent pas cette restriction\&. +is used, it must be specified before any +\fBusername\fR\&. For portability it is recommended to use it as last option, before any +\fBusername\fR\&. The other forms (\fB\-l\fR +and +\fB\-\-login\fR) do not have this restriction\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fIINTERPR\('ETEUR\fR +\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR .RS 4 Interpr\('eteur de commande devant \(^etre appel\('e\&. .sp -L\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes \(`a appeler est choisi parmi (le choix de plus haute priorit\('e en t\(^ete)\ \&: +The invoked shell is chosen from (highest priority first): .PP .RS 4 -Interpr\('eteur de commande indiqu\('e par \-\-shell\&. +The shell specified with \-\-shell\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Si +If \fB\-\-preserve\-environment\fR -est utilis\('e, l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes indiqu\('e par la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement +is used, the shell specified by the \fB$SHELL\fR -sera utilis\('e\&. +environment variable\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Interpr\('eteur de commandes indiqu\('e dans +The shell indicated in the /etc/passwd -pour l\*(Aqutilisateur cible\&. +entry for the target user\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 /bin/sh -si aucun interpr\('eteur de commandes ne peut \(^etre trouv\('e par l\*(Aqune des m\('ethodes ci\-dessus\&. +if a shell could not be found by any above method\&. .RE .sp -Si l\*(Aqutilisateur cible poss\(`ede un interpr\('eteur de commande restreint (par exemple, le champ de l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commande dans +If the target user has a restricted shell (i\&.e\&. the shell field of this user\*(Aqs entry in /etc/passwd -n\*(Aqest pas renseign\('e dans -/etc/shells), alors, ni l\*(Aqoption +is not listed in +/etc/shells), then the \fB\-\-shell\fR -ni la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement +option or the \fB$SHELL\fR -ne seront prises en compte \(`a moins que +environment variable won\*(Aqt be taken into account, unless \fBsu\fR -ne soit appel\('e par le superutilisateur\&. +is called by root\&. .RE .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-preserve\-environment\fR .RS 4 -Pr\('eserver l\*(Aqenvironnement actuel, sauf pour\ \&: +Preserve the current environment, except for: .PP \fB$PATH\fR .RS 4 -r\('einitialise suivant les options +reset according to the +/etc/login\&.defs +options \fBENV_PATH\fR -ou +or \fBENV_SUPATH\fR -dans -/etc/login\&.defs -(voir ci\-dessous)\ \&: +(see below); .RE .PP \fB$IFS\fR .RS 4 -r\('einitialise \(`a -\(Fo\ \&<space><tab><newline>\ \&\(Fc, s\*(Aqil a \('et\('e d\('efini\&. +reset to +\(Fo\ \&<space><tab><newline>\ \&\(Fc, if it was set\&. .RE .sp -Si l\*(Aqutilisateur cible poss\(`ede un interpr\('eteur de commandes restreint, cette option n\*(Aqa aucun effet (\(`a moins que +If the target user has a restricted shell, this option has no effect (unless \fBsu\fR -ne soit appel\('e par le superutilisateur)\&. +is called by root)\&. .sp -Notez que le comportement par d\('efaut pour l\*(Aqenvironnement est le suivant\ \&: +Note that the default behavior for the environment is the following: .PP .RS 4 -Les variables d\*(Aqenvironnement +The \fB$HOME\fR, \fB$SHELL\fR, \fB$USER\fR, \fB$LOGNAME\fR, -\fB$PATH\fR -et +\fB$PATH\fR, and \fB$IFS\fR -sont r\('einitialis\('ees\&. +environment variables are reset\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Si +If \fB\-\-login\fR -n\*(Aqest pas utilis\('ee, l\*(Aqenvironnement est copi\('e sauf pour les variables ci\-dessus\&. +is not used, the environment is copied, except for the variables above\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Si +If \fB\-\-login\fR -est utilis\('ee, les variables d\*(Aqenvironnement +is used, the \fB$TERM\fR, \fB$COLORTERM\fR, -\fB$DISPLAY\fR -et +\fB$DISPLAY\fR, and \fB$XAUTHORITY\fR -sont copi\('ees si elles ont \('et\('e d\('efinies\&. +environment variables are copied if they were set\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Si +If \fB\-\-login\fR -est utilis\('ee, les variables d\*(Aqenvironnement +is used, the \fB$TZ\fR, -\fB$HZ\fR -et +\fB$HZ\fR, and \fB$MAIL\fR -sont configur\('ees en accord avec les options +environment variables are set according to the +/etc/login\&.defs +options \fBENV_TZ\fR, \fBENV_HZ\fR, -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR -et +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR, and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -de -/etc/login\&.defs -(voir ci\-dessous)\&. +(see below)\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Si +If \fB\-\-login\fR -est utilis\('ee, les autres variables d\*(Aqenvironnement peuvent \(^etre configur\('ees par le fichier +is used, other environment variables might be set by the \fBENVIRON_FILE\fR -(voir ci\-dessous)\&. +file (see below)\&. .RE +.sp .RE .SH "AVERTISSEMENTS" .PP -Cette version de +This version of \fBsu\fR -a de nombreuses options de compilation\&. Seules certaines d\*(Aqentre elles peuvent avoir \('et\('e activ\('ees sur votre site\&. +has many compilation options, only some of which may be in use at any particular site\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCONSOLE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBCONSOLE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, soit un chemin complet du fichier contenant les noms de p\('eriph\('eriques (un par ligne), soit une liste de noms du p\('eriph\('erique d\('elimit\('ee par des \(Fo\ \&:\ \&\(Fc\&. Les connexions d\*(Aqun administrateur ne seront autoris\('ees que depuis ces p\('eriph\('eriques\&. .sp @@ -241,153 +238,153 @@ S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas d\('efini, root pourra se connecter depuis n\*(Aqimporte Le p\('eriph\('erique doit \(^etre pr\('ecis\('e sans le pr\('efixe /dev/\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (string) .RS 4 -Une liste de groupes \(`a rajouter aux groupes suppl\('ementaires de l\*(Aqutilisateur lors d\*(Aqune connexion sur une console (d\('etermin\('e par le param\(`etre CONSOLE)\&. Par d\('efaut, aucun groupe n\*(Aqest ajout\('e\&. +List of groups to add to the user\*(Aqs supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting)\&. Default is none\&. -\(`A utiliser avec pr\('ecaution\ \&: il est possible que les utilisateurs aient un acc\(`es permanent \(`a ces groupes, et cela m\(^eme s\*(Aqils ne sont pas connect\('es sur la console\&. +Use with caution \- it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console\&. .RE .PP -\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (bool\('een) +\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Indiquer si la connexion est permise si on ne peut pas acc\('eder au r\('epertoire personnel\&. Le r\('eglage par d\('efaut est \(Fo\ \&no\ \&\(Fc\&. .sp -Si elle est configur\('ee \(`a -\fIyes\fR, l\*(Aqutilisateur va se connecter dans le r\('epertoire racine (/) s\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas possible d\*(Aqacc\('eder \(`a son r\('epertoire personnel\&. +If set to +\fIyes\fR, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, sera utilis\('ee pour d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement HZ lorsqu\*(Aqun utilisateur se connecte\&. La valeur doit \(^etre pr\('ec\('ed\('ee par -\fIHZ=\fR\&. Une valeur commune sur Linux est +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si ce fichier existe et est lisible, l\*(Aqenvironnement de connexion sera lu \(`a\ \& partir de lui\&. Chaque ligne doit \(^etre sous la forme nom=valeur\&. .sp Les lignes commen\(,cant par un \(Fo\ \&#\ \&\(Fc sont consid\('er\('ees comme des commentaires, et sont ignor\('ees\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_PATH\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENV_PATH\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, sera utilis\('ee pour d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement PATH quand un utilisateur ordinaire se connecte\&. La valeur est une liste de chemins s\('epar\('es par des deux points (par exemple -\fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR) et peut \(^etre pr\('ec\('ed\('ee par -\fIPATH=\fR\&. La valeur par d\('efaut est +If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular user login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example +\fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by +\fIPATH=\fR\&. The default value is \fIPATH=/bin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, sera utilis\('ee pour d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement PATH quand le super\-utilisateur se connecte\&. La valeur est une liste de chemins s\('epar\('es par deux points (par exemple -\fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR) et peut \(^etre pr\('ec\('ed\('ee par -\fIPATH=\fR\&. La valeur par d\('efaut est +If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superuser login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example +\fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by +\fIPATH=\fR\&. The default value is \fIPATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, sera utilis\('ee pour d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement TZ quand un utilisateur se connecte\&. La valeur peut \(^etre le nom d\*(Aqun fuseau horaire pr\('ec\('ed\('e par +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -(par exemple -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), ou le chemin complet vers le fichier contenant la sp\('ecification du fuseau horaire (par exemple +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Si un chemin complet est sp\('ecifi\('e mais que le fichier n\*(Aqexiste pas ou ne peut pas \(^etre lu, la valeur par d\('efaut utilis\('ee est +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use \fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 La cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres utilis\('ee pour l\*(Aqinvite de mot de passe\&. La valeur par d\('efaut est d\*(Aqutiliser "Password: " (\(Fo\ \&mot de passe\ \&:\ \&\(Fc), ou une traduction de cette cha\(^ine\&. Si vous d\('efinissez cette variable, l\*(Aqinvite ne sera pas traduite\&. .sp -Si la cha\(^ine contient -\fI%s\fR, ces caract\(`eres seront remplac\('es par le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer le contr\(^ole et l\*(Aqaffichage du statut de la bo\(^ite aux lettres durant la connexion\&. .sp Vous devriez le d\('esactiver si les fichiers de d\('emarrage de l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes v\('erifient d\('ej\(`a la pr\('esence de courriers (\(Fo\ \&mail \-e\ \&\(Fc ou \('equivalent)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 R\('epertoire d\*(Aqattente des courriels (\(Fo\ \&mail spool directory\ \&\(Fc)\&. Ce param\(`etre est n\('ecessaire pour manipuler les bo\(^ites \(`a lettres lorsque le compte d\*(Aqun utilisateur est modifi\('e ou supprim\('e\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas sp\('ecifi\('e, une valeur par d\('efaut d\('efinie \(`a la compilation est utilis\('ee\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 D\('efinir l\*(Aqemplacement des bo\(^ites aux lettres des utilisateurs relativement \(`a leur r\('epertoire personnel\&. .RE .PP -Les param\(`etres +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -et +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -sont utilis\('es par +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -et +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -pour cr\('eer, d\('eplacer ou supprimer les bo\(^ites aux lettres des utilisateurs\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Si +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -est r\('egl\('e sur -\fIyes\fR, ces variables servent \('egalement \(`a d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Activer la mise en place de limites de resources depuis +Enable setting of resource limits from /etc/limits -et ulimit, umask et niveau nice depuis les champs gecos de passwd\&. +and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .RE .PP -\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, les activit\('es de su seront enregistr\('ees dans le fichier\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_NAME\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBSU_NAME\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, le nom de la commande \(`a afficher lorsque \(Fo\ \&su \-\ \&\(Fc est ex\('ecut\('ee\&. Par exemple, si elle est d\('efinie \(`a \(Fo\ \&su\ \&\(Fc alors un \(Fo\ \&ps\ \&\(Fc affichera la commande comme \(Fo\ \&\-su\ \&\(Fc\&. Si non d\('efinie, alors \(Fo\ \&ps\ \&\(Fc affichera le nom du shell qui sera en fait ex\('ecut\('e, par exemple quelque chose comme \(Fo\ \&\-sh\ \&\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (bool\('een) +\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Si -\fIyes\fR, l\*(Aqutilisateur doit faire partie des membres du groupe avec le premier gid 0 dans +If +\fIyes\fR, the user must be listed as a member of the first gid 0 group in /etc/group -(appel\('e +(called \fIroot\fR -sur la plupart des syst\(`emes Linux) pour \(^etre capable de +on most Linux systems) to be able to \fBsu\fR -vers des comptes \(`a uid 0\&. Si ce groupe n\*(Aqexiste pas ou est vide, personne ne pourra +to uid 0 accounts\&. If the group doesn\*(Aqt exist or is empty, no one will be able to \fBsu\fR -vers un uid 0\&. +to uid 0\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Activer la journalisation \(Fo\ \&syslog\ \&\(Fc de l\*(Aqactivit\('e de +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsu\fR -\- en plus de la journalisation sulog\&. +activity \- in addition to sulog file logging\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer la mise en place de bits de masque de groupe (\(Fo\ \&umask group bits\ \&\(Fc) identiques \(`a ceux du propri\('etaire (exemple\ \&: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) pour les utilisateurs non privil\('egi\('es, si l\*(AqUID est identique au GID et que l\*(Aqidentifiant de connexion est identique au groupe principal\&. .sp -Si cette variable est configur\('ee \(`a +If set to \fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -supprimera le groupe de l\*(Aqutilisateur s\*(Aqil ne contient pas d\*(Aqautres membres, et +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -cr\('eera par d\('efaut un groupe portant le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" .PP @@ -407,43 +404,41 @@ Configuration de la suite des mots de passe cach\('es \(Fo\ \&shadow password\ \ .RE .SH "VALEURS DE RETOUR" .PP -En cas de succ\(`es, +On success, \fBsu\fR -renvoie la valeur de sortie de la commande qu\*(Aqil a ex\('ecut\('ee\&. +returns the exit value of the command it executed\&. .PP -Si cette commande s\*(Aqest termin\('ee par un signal, +If this command was terminated by a signal, \fBsu\fR -y ajoute 128 et renvoie le r\('esultat\&. +returns the number of this signal plus 128\&. .PP -Si -\fBsu\fR -doit tuer la commande (parce qu\*(Aqil a \('et\('e demand\('e de terminer et que la commande ne s\*(Aqest pas termin\('ee \(`a temps), +If su has to kill the command (because it was asked to terminate, and the command did not terminate in time), \fBsu\fR -renvoie 255\&. +returns 255\&. .PP -Certaines valeurs de retour de +Some exit values from \fBsu\fR -sont ind\('ependantes de la commande ex\('ecut\('ee\ \&: +are independent from the executed command: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -succ\(`es (\fB\-\-help\fR -uniquement) +success (\fB\-\-help\fR +only) .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -\('Echec syst\(`eme ou d\*(Aqauthentification +System or authentication failure .RE .PP \fI126\fR .RS 4 -La commande demand\('ee n\*(Aqa pas \('et\('e trouv\('ee\&. +The requested command was not found .RE .PP \fI127\fR .RS 4 -La commande demand\('ee n\*(Aqa pas pu \(^etre ex\('ecut\('ee\&. +The requested command could not be executed .RE .SH "VOIR AUSSI" .PP diff --git a/man/fr/man3/shadow.3 b/man/fr/man3/shadow.3 index 461c4f2a..11a87db9 100644 --- a/man/fr/man3/shadow.3 +++ b/man/fr/man3/shadow.3 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: shadow .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Appels de biblioth\(`eque -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "SHADOW" "3" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Appels de biblioth\(`eque" +.TH "SHADOW" "3" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Appels de biblioth\(`eque" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -59,23 +59,25 @@ shadow, getspnam \- routines d\*(Aqutilisation des mots de passe cach\('es .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP \fIshadow\fR -manipule le contenu du fichier des mots de passe cach\('es, -/etc/shadow\&. La structure d\('efinie dans le fichier inclus est\ \&: +manipulates the contents of the shadow password file, +/etc/shadow\&. The structure in the +\fI#include\fR +file is: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf struct spwd { - char *sp_namp; /* nom de connexion de l\*(Aqutilisateur */ - char *sp_pwdp; /* mot de passe chiffr\('e */ - long int sp_lstchg; /* dernier changement de mot de passe */ - long int sp_min; /* jours avant de pouvoir changer de mot de passe */ - long int sp_max; /* jours avant l\*(Aqobligation de changer de mot de passe */ - long int sp_warn; /* jours d\*(Aqavertissement avant la fin de validit\('e */ - long int sp_inact; /* jours avant que le compte soit inactif */ - long int sp_expire; /* date de fin de validit\('e du compte */ - unsigned long int sp_flag; /* r\('eserv\('e pour une utilisation future */ + char *sp_namp; /* user login name */ + char *sp_pwdp; /* encrypted password */ + long int sp_lstchg; /* last password change */ + long int sp_min; /* days until change allowed\&. */ + long int sp_max; /* days before change required */ + long int sp_warn; /* days warning for expiration */ + long int sp_inact; /* days before account inactive */ + long int sp_expire; /* date when account expires */ + unsigned long int sp_flag; /* reserved for future use */ } .fi @@ -185,49 +187,49 @@ sp_flag \- r\('eserv\('e pour une utilisation future .RE .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -\fIGetspent\fR, +\fIgetspent\fR, \fIgetspname\fR, -\fIfgetspent\fR, et +\fIfgetspent\fR, and \fIsgetspent\fR -renvoient tous un pointeur vers une structure +each return a pointer to a \fIstruct spwd\fR\&. -\fIGetspent\fR -renvoie l\*(Aqentr\('ee suivante du fichier, et +\fIgetspent\fR +returns the next entry from the file, and \fIfgetspent\fR -renvoie l\*(Aqentr\('ee suivante du flux qui est consid\('er\('e comme \('etant un fichier au format correct\&. -\fISgetspent\fR -renvoie un pointeur vers une structure +returns the next entry from the given stream, which is assumed to be a file of the proper format\&. +\fIsgetspent\fR +returns a pointer to a \fIstruct spwd\fR -en utilisant la cha\(^ine de caract\(`ere fournie en entr\('ee\&. -\fIGetspnam\fR -cherche \(`a partir de la position courante une entr\('ee correspondant \(`a -\fInom\fR -dans le fichier fourni en entr\('ee\&. -.PP -\fISetspent\fR -et +using the provided string as input\&. +\fIgetspnam\fR +searches from the current position in the file for an entry matching +\fIname\fR\&. +.PP +\fIsetspent\fR +and \fIendspent\fR -peuvent \(^etre utilis\('es pour d\('ebuter et terminer l\*(Aqacc\(`es au fichier de mots de passe cach\('es\&. +may be used to begin and end, respectively, access to the shadow password file\&. .PP -Les fonctions +The \fIlckpwdf\fR -et +and \fIulckpwdf\fR -doivent \(^etre utilis\('ees pour garantir un acc\(`es exclusif au fichier -/etc/shadow\&. -\fILckpwdf\fR -essaie de placer un verrou avec +routines should be used to insure exclusive access to the +/etc/shadow +file\&. +\fIlckpwdf\fR +attempts to acquire a lock using \fIpw_lock\fR -pendant 15 secondes\&. Il essaie ensuite de placer un second verrou en utilisant +for up to 15 seconds\&. It continues by attempting to acquire a second lock using \fIspw_lock\fR -pendant le reste de ces 15 secondes\&. Si un de ces verrous ne peut \(^etre plac\('e, +for the remainder of the initial 15 seconds\&. Should either attempt fail after a total of 15 seconds, \fIlckpwdf\fR -renvoie \-1\&. Quand les deux verrous peuvent \(^etre plac\('es, la valeur 0 est renvoy\('ee\&. +returns \-1\&. When both locks are acquired 0 is returned\&. .SH "DIAGNOSTICS" .PP -Les fonctions renvoient NULL si plus aucune entr\('ee n\*(Aqest disponible ou si une erreur est survenue lors du traitement\&. Les fonctions dont la valeur de retour est un +Routines return NULL if no more entries are available or if an error occurs during processing\&. Routines which have \fIint\fR -renvoient 0 en cas de succ\(`es et \-1 en cas d\*(Aq\('echec\&. +as the return value return 0 for success and \-1 for failure\&. .SH "AVERTISSEMENTS" .PP Ces fonctions peuvent n\*(Aq\(^etre utilis\('ees que par le superutilisateur car l\*(Aqacc\(`es au fichier de mots de passe cach\('es est restreint\&. diff --git a/man/fr/man5/faillog.5 b/man/fr/man5/faillog.5 index fe6e53ae..348b07df 100644 --- a/man/fr/man5/faillog.5 +++ b/man/fr/man5/faillog.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formats et conversions de fichiers -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formats et conversions de fich" +.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formats et conversions de fich" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ faillog \- journal des \('echecs de connexion .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP /var/log/faillog -maintient un compte des \('echecs de connexion et les limites pour chaque compte\&. +maintains a count of login failures and the limits for each account\&. .PP Le fichier contient un nombre constant d\*(Aqenregistrements, tri\('es par identifiant d\*(Aqutilisateur num\('erique\&. Chaque enregistrement contient le nombre d\*(Aq\('echecs de connexion depuis la derni\(`ere connexion r\('eussie, le nombre maximum d\*(Aq\('echecs de connexion avant d\('esactivation du compte, la ligne sur laquelle a eu lieu le dernier \('echec de connexion, la date du dernier \('echec de connexion et la dur\('ee (en seconde) pendant laquelle le compte sera verrouill\('e apr\(`es un \('echec\&. .PP @@ -43,11 +43,12 @@ La structure du fichier est la suivante\ \&: .\} .nf struct faillog { - short fail_cnt; /* compteur des \('echecs */ - short fail_max; /* nb max avant d\('esactivation */ - char fail_line[12]; /* ligne du dernier \('echec */ - time_t fail_time; /* date du dernier \('echec */ - long fail_locktime;}; + short fail_cnt; + short fail_max; + char fail_line[12]; + time_t fail_time; + long fail_locktime; +}; .fi .if n \{\ .RE diff --git a/man/fr/man5/gshadow.5 b/man/fr/man5/gshadow.5 index c1a7ecb8..5a0bdbb3 100644 --- a/man/fr/man5/gshadow.5 +++ b/man/fr/man5/gshadow.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: gshadow .\" Author: Nicolas Fran\(,cois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formats et conversions de fichiers -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formats et conversions de fich" +.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formats et conversions de fich" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ gshadow \- informations cach\('ees sur les groupes .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP /etc/gshadow -contient les informations cach\('ees sur les groupes\&. +contains the shadowed information for group accounts\&. .PP Ce fichier ne doit pas \(^etre accessible en lecture par les utilisateurs normaux afin de maintenir la s\('ecurit\('e des mots de passe, en particuliers pour pr\('evenir les attaques par dictionnaires\&. .PP @@ -45,21 +45,21 @@ Ce doit \(^etre un nom de groupe valable, qui existe sur le syst\(`eme\&. .PP \fBmot de passe chiffr\('e\fR .RS 4 -Consultez +Refer to \fBcrypt\fR(3) -pour plus d\*(Aqinformations sur le traitement de cette cha\(^ine\&. +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. .sp -Si le champ du mot de passe contient une cha\(^ine qui ne peut pas \(^etre un r\('esultat valable de -\fBcrypt\fR(3), par exemple si elle contient les caract\(`eres \(Fo\ \&!\ \&\(Fc ou \(Fo\ \&*\ \&\(Fc, les utilisateurs ne pourront pas utiliser le mot de passe UNIX pour acc\('eder au groupe (mais les membres du groupe n\*(Aqont pas besoin de mot de passe)\&. +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, users will not be able to use a unix password to access the group (but group members do not need the password)\&. .sp -Le mot de passe est utilis\('e quand un utilisateur non membre du groupe veut obtenir les permissions de ce groupe (consultez +The password is used when a user who is not a member of the group wants to gain the permissions of this group (see \fBnewgrp\fR(1))\&. .sp Ce champ peut \(^etre vide\&. Dans ce cas seuls les membres du groupe peuvent obtenir les permissions du groupe\&. .sp Un champ de mot de passe qui commence avec un point d\*(Aqexclamation indique que le mot de passe est bloqu\('e\&. Les caract\(`eres restants sur la ligne repr\('esentent le champ de mot de passe avant que le mot de passe n\*(Aqait \('et\('e bloqu\('e\&. .sp -Ce mot de passe remplace tout mot de passe indiqu\('e dans +This password supersedes any password specified in /etc/group\&. .RE .PP @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ Ce champ doit \(^etre une liste d\*(Aqutilisateurs, s\('epar\('es par des virgul .sp Les membres peuvent acc\('eder au groupe sans qu\*(Aqun mot de passe ne leur soit demand\('e\&. .sp -Vous devez utiliser la m\(^eme liste d\*(Aqutilisateurs que dans +You should use the same list of users as in /etc/group\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" diff --git a/man/fr/man5/limits.5 b/man/fr/man5/limits.5 index 11062298..c2098872 100644 --- a/man/fr/man5/limits.5 +++ b/man/fr/man5/limits.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: limits .\" Author: Luca Berra .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formats et conversions de fichiers -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "LIMITS" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formats et conversions de fich" +.TH "LIMITS" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formats et conversions de fich" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ limits \- d\('efinition des limites de ressources .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -Le fichier +The \fIlimits\fR -(/etc/limits -par d\('efaut ou LIMITS_FILE d\('efinit dans -config\&.h) d\('ecrit les limites de ressource que vous voulez imposer\&. Il doit \(^etre poss\('ed\('e et ne doit \(^etre lisible que par le compte root\&. +file (/etc/limits +by default or LIMITS_FILE defined +config\&.h) describes the resource limits you wish to impose\&. It should be owned by root and readable by root account only\&. .PP Par d\('efaut, aucun quota (aucune limite) n\*(Aqest impos\('e \(`a \(Fo\ \&root\ \&\(Fc\&. En fait, il n\*(Aqest pas possible d\*(Aqimposer de cette fa\(,con de limite aux comptes root ou \('equivalents (comptes ayant un UID de 0)\&. .PP @@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ ou sous la forme\ \&: .PP \fI@groupe LISTE_DE_LIMITES\fR .PP -O\(`u -\fILISTE_DE_LIMITES\fR -est une cha\(^ine construite par la concat\('enation d\*(Aqune liste de limites de ressource\&. Chaque limite consiste en une lettre (identifiant le type de limite) et une valeur num\('erique\&. +The +\fILIMITS_STRING\fR +is a string of a concatenated list of resource limits\&. Each limit consists of a letter identifier followed by a numerical limit\&. .PP Les identifiants possibles sont\ \&: .sp @@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ F\ \&: taille maximale des fichiers (en kilo octets) .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -K\ \&: masque de cr\('eation de fichier, d\('efini par +K: file creation mask, set by \fBumask\fR(2)\&. .RE .sp @@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ O\ \&: priorit\('e temps r\('eel maximale .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -P\ \&: priorit\('e des processus, d\('efini par +P: process priority, set by \fBsetpriority\fR(2)\&. .RE .sp @@ -220,44 +220,46 @@ T\ \&: temps processeur maximal consomm\('e (en minutes) U\ \&: nombre maximal de processus .RE .PP -Par exemple, +For example, \fIL2D2048N5\fR -est une cha\(^ine -\fILISTE_DE_LIMITES\fR -valable\&. Pour faciliter la lecture, les entr\('ees suivantes sont \('equivalentes\ \&: +is a valid +\fILIMITS_STRING\fR\&. For reading convenience, the following entries are equivalent: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf - utilisateur L2D2048N5 - utilisateur L2 D2048 N5 + username L2D2048N5 + username L2 D2048 N5 .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} .PP -Attention\ \&: tout ce qui suit -\fIutilisateur\fR -est consid\('er\('e comme une limite de cha\(^ine\&. Les commentaires ne sont pas autoris\('es\&. Une cha\(^ine de limites non valable sera rejet\('ee (non utilis\('ee) par le programme -\fBlogin\fR\&. +Be aware that after +\fIusername\fR +the rest of the line is considered a limit string, thus comments are not allowed\&. An invalid limits string will be rejected (not considered) by the +\fBlogin\fR +program\&. .PP -L\*(Aqentr\('ee par d\('efaut est repr\('esent\('ee par un utilisateur d\('enomm\('e \(Fo\ \&\fI*\fR\ \&\(Fc\&. Si plusieurs entr\('ees par d\('efaut sont pr\('esentes dans le fichier de limites, alors seule la derni\(`ere sera prise en compte\&. +The default entry is denoted by username "\fI*\fR"\&. If you have multiple +\fIdefault\fR +entries in your +\fILIMITS_FILE\fR, then the last one will be used as the default entry\&. .PP -Les limites pr\('ecis\('ees sous la forme \(Fo\ \&\fI@groupe\fR\ \&\(Fc s\*(Aqappliquent aux membres du -\fIgroupe\fR -pr\('ecis\('e\&. +The limits specified in the form "\fI@group\fR" apply to the members of the specified +\fIgroup\fR\&. .PP Si plusieurs lignes avec des limites pour un utilisateur existent, seule la premi\(`ere ligne pour cet utilisateur sera prise en compte\&. .PP -Si aucune ligne n\*(Aqest pr\('ecis\('ee pour l\*(Aqutilisateur, la derni\(`ere ligne +If no lines are specified for a user, the last \fI@group\fR -correspondant \(`a un groupe auquel l\*(Aqutilisateur appartient sera prise en compte, ou la derni\(`ere ligne avec les limites par d\('efaut si aucun groupe ne contient l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. +line matching a group whose the user is a member of will be considered, or the last line with default limits if no groups contain the user\&. .PP -Un simple tiret \(Fo\ \&\fI\-\fR\ \&\(Fc sera suffisant pour d\('esactiver toute limite \(`a un utilisateur, +To completely disable limits for a user, a single dash "\fI\-\fR" will do\&. .PP -Afin de d\('esactiver une limite pour un utilisateur, un simple tiret \(Fo\ \&\fI\-\fR\ \&\(Fc peut \(^etre utilis\('e au lieu d\*(Aqune valeur num\('erique pour cette limite\&. +To disable a limit for a user, a single dash "\fI\-\fR" can be used instead of the numerical value for this limit\&. .PP Notez \('egalement que les limites ne sont configur\('ees que PAR CONNEXION\&. Il n\*(Aqy a pas de limite globale ou permanente\&. Des limites globales pourraient voir le jour, mais pour l\*(Aqinstant, il faut faire sans\&. .SH "FICHIERS" diff --git a/man/fr/man5/login.access.5 b/man/fr/man5/login.access.5 index f70ee46e..3958723c 100644 --- a/man/fr/man5/login.access.5 +++ b/man/fr/man5/login.access.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login.access .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formats et conversions de fichiers -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "LOGIN\&.ACCESS" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formats et conversions de fich" +.TH "LOGIN\&.ACCESS" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formats et conversions de fich" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,29 +31,29 @@ login.access \- table de contr\(^ole des connexions .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -Le fichier +The \fIlogin\&.access\fR -permet de sp\('ecifier des paires (utilisateur, h\(^ote) et/ou (utilisateur, tty) pour lesquelles toute connexion sera soit accept\('ee soit refus\('ee\&. +file specifies (user, host) combinations and/or (user, tty) combinations for which a login will be either accepted or refused\&. .PP -Lorsqu\*(Aqun utilisateur se connecte, le fichier +When someone logs in, the \fIlogin\&.access\fR -est lu jusqu\*(Aq\(`a la premi\(`ere entr\('ee correspondant \(`a la paire (utilisateur, h\(^ote) ou, dans le cas d\*(Aqune connexion ne passant pas par le r\('eseau, \(`a la premi\(`ere entr\('ee correspondant au couple (utilisateur, tty)\&. Le champ des permissions de la table pour cette entr\('ee d\('etermine alors si la connexion doit \(^etre accept\('ee ou refus\('ee\&. +is scanned for the first entry that matches the (user, host) combination, or, in case of non\-networked logins, the first entry that matches the (user, tty) combination\&. The permissions field of that table entry determines whether the login will be accepted or refused\&. .PP Chaque ligne de la table de contr\(^ole des connexions (\(Fo\ \&login access control table\ \&\(Fc) est compos\('ee de trois champs s\('epar\('es par le caract\(`ere \(Fo\ \&:\ \&\(Fc\ \&: .PP -\fIpermission\fR:\fIutilisateurs\fR:\fIorigines\fR +\fIpermission\fR:\fIusers\fR:\fIorigins\fR .PP -Le premier champ est soit un \(Fo\ \&\fI+\fR\ \&\(Fc (acc\(`es autoris\('e), soit un \(Fo\ \&\fI\-\fR\ \&\(Fc (acc\(`es refus\('e)\&. Le second champ est une liste d\*(Aqun ou plusieurs noms d\*(Aqutilisateurs ou de groupes, ou +The first field should be a "\fI+\fR" (access granted) or "\fI\-\fR" (access denied) character\&. The second field should be a list of one or more login names, group names, or \fIALL\fR -(correspond \(`a tous les utilisateurs)\&. Le troisi\(`eme champ est une liste d\*(Aqun ou plusieurs noms de tty (pour les connexions hors r\('eseau), noms d\*(Aqh\(^otes, noms de domaines (commen\(,cant par un \(Fo\ \&\&.\ \&\(Fc), adresses d\*(Aqh\(^ote, adresses de sous\-r\('eseau (terminant par un \(Fo\ \&\&.\ \&\(Fc), +(always matches)\&. The third field should be a list of one or more tty names (for non\-networked logins), host names, domain names (begin with "\&."), host addresses, internet network numbers (end with "\&."), \fIALL\fR -(pour sp\('ecifier n\*(Aqimporte quelle connexion), ou +(always matches) or \fILOCAL\fR -(correspond \(`a n\*(Aqimporte quelle cha\(^ine ne contenant pas de \(Fo\ \&\&.\ \&\(Fc)\&. Si vous utilisez NIS, vous pouvez utiliser @nomdegroupe pour les motifs d\*(Aqutilisateur et d\*(Aqh\(^ote\&. +(matches any string that does not contain a "\&." character)\&. If you run NIS you can use @netgroupname in host or user patterns\&. .PP -L\*(Aqop\('erateur +The \fIEXCEPT\fR -permet d\*(Aq\('ecrire des r\(`egles tr\(`es compactes\&. +operator makes it possible to write very compact rules\&. .PP Le fichier d\*(Aqinformations sur les groupes (/etc/group) n\*(Aqest utilis\('e que lorsqu\*(Aqun nom ne correspond \(`a aucun des utilisateurs connect\('es\&. Seuls les groupes pour lesquels la liste des utilisateurs est sp\('ecifi\('ee sont utilis\('es\ \&: le programme ne recherche pas parmi les groupes primaires des utilisateurs\&. .SH "FICHIERS" diff --git a/man/fr/man5/login.defs.5 b/man/fr/man5/login.defs.5 index 3142047c..2ad917f8 100644 --- a/man/fr/man5/login.defs.5 +++ b/man/fr/man5/login.defs.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login.defs .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formats et conversions de fichiers -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "LOGIN\&.DEFS" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formats et conversions de fich" +.TH "LOGIN\&.DEFS" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formats et conversions de fich" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,66 +31,64 @@ login.defs \- configuration de la suite des mots de passe cach\('es \(Fo\ \&shadow password\ \&\(Fc .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -Le fichier +The /etc/login\&.defs -d\('efinit la configuration de la suite shadow password (mots de passe cach\('es) pour le syst\(`eme\&. Ce fichier est indispensable\&. Son absence n\*(Aqemp\(^echera pas le syst\(`eme de fonctionner, mais aura probablement des cons\('equences ind\('esirables\&. +file defines the site\-specific configuration for the shadow password suite\&. This file is required\&. Absence of this file will not prevent system operation, but will probably result in undesirable operation\&. .PP Ce fichier est un fichier texte, dont chaque ligne d\('ecrit un param\(`etre de configuration\&. Les lignes consistent en un nom et une valeur, s\('epar\('es par une espace\&. Les lignes blanches et les lignes de commentaires sont ignor\('ees\&. Les commentaires commencent par un caract\(`ere \(Fo\ \&#\ \&\(Fc, qui doit \(^etre le premier caract\(`ere non blanc de la ligne\&. .PP -Les valeurs des param\(`etres sont de quatre types\ \&: cha\(^ines de caract\(`eres, bool\('eens, nombres et nombres longs\&. Une cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres est constitu\('ee de n\*(Aqimporte quels caract\(`eres imprimables\&. Un bool\('een est soit +Parameter values may be of four types: strings, booleans, numbers, and long numbers\&. A string is comprised of any printable characters\&. A boolean should be either the value \fIyes\fR -(oui), soit +or +\fIno\fR\&. An undefined boolean parameter or one with a value other than these will be given a \fIno\fR -(non)\&. Un param\(`etre bool\('een non d\('efini, ou d\('efini avec une valeur autre que celles\-l\(`a prendra la valeur -\fIno\fR\&. Un nombre (normal ou long) peut \(^etre soit d\('ecimal, soit octal (en pr\('ec\('edant la valeur d\*(Aqun -\fI0\fR), ou encore hexad\('ecimal (en pr\('ec\('edant la valeur de -\fI0x\fR)\&. La valeur maximale des param\(`etres num\('eriques normaux ou longs d\('epend de la machine\&. +value\&. Numbers (both regular and long) may be either decimal values, octal values (precede the value with +\fI0\fR) or hexadecimal values (precede the value with +\fI0x\fR)\&. The maximum value of the regular and long numeric parameters is machine\-dependent\&. .PP Les param\(`etres de configuration suivants sont fournis\ \&: .PP -\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (bool\('een) +\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -La valeur -\fIyes\fR -indique que le programme +If +\fIyes\fR, the \fBchfn\fR -n\('ecessitera une authentification avant de proc\('eder \(`a tout changement, \(`a moins qu\*(Aqils ne soient ex\('ecut\('es par le superutilisateur\&. +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (string) .RS 4 -Ce param\(`etre pr\('ecise quelles valeurs du champ +This parameter specifies which values in the \fIgecos\fR -du fichier -passwd -peuvent \(^etre modifi\('ees par les utilisateurs ordinaires \(`a l\*(Aqaide du programme -\fBchfn\fR\&. Il est constitu\('e d\*(Aqune combinaison de lettres parmi +field of the +/etc/passwd +file may be changed by regular users using the +\fBchfn\fR +program\&. It can be any combination of letters \fIf\fR, \fIr\fR, -\fIw\fR -et -\fIh\fR, correspondant respectivement au nom complet, au num\('ero de bureau, au num\('ero de t\('el\('ephone professionnel et au num\('ero de t\('el\('ephone personnel\&. Pour des raisons de compatibilit\('e avec des versions ant\('erieures, +\fIw\fR, +\fIh\fR, for Full name, Room number, Work phone, and Home phone, respectively\&. For backward compatibility, \fIyes\fR -est \('equivalent \(`a +is equivalent to \fIrwh\fR -et +and \fIno\fR -\(`a -\fIfrwh\fR\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, seul le superutilisateur peut effectuer des modifications\&. Pour une configuration encore plus restrictive, il sera pr\('ef\('erable de ne pas installer +is equivalent to +\fIfrwh\fR\&. If not specified, only the superuser can make any changes\&. The most restrictive setting is better achieved by not installing \fBchfn\fR -avec l\*(Aqindicateur SUID positionn\('e\&. +SUID\&. .RE .PP -\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (bool\('een) +\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -La valeur -\fIyes\fR -indique que le programme +If +\fIyes\fR, the \fBchsh\fR -n\('ecessitera une authentification avant de proc\('eder \(`a tout changement, \(`a moins qu\*(Aqils ne soient ex\('ecut\('es par le superutilisateur\&. +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBCONSOLE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, soit un chemin complet du fichier contenant les noms de p\('eriph\('eriques (un par ligne), soit une liste de noms du p\('eriph\('erique d\('elimit\('ee par des \(Fo\ \&:\ \&\(Fc\&. Les connexions d\*(Aqun administrateur ne seront autoris\('ees que depuis ces p\('eriph\('eriques\&. .sp @@ -99,11 +97,11 @@ S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas d\('efini, root pourra se connecter depuis n\*(Aqimporte Le p\('eriph\('erique doit \(^etre pr\('ecis\('e sans le pr\('efixe /dev/\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (string) .RS 4 -Une liste de groupes \(`a rajouter aux groupes suppl\('ementaires de l\*(Aqutilisateur lors d\*(Aqune connexion sur une console (d\('etermin\('e par le param\(`etre CONSOLE)\&. Par d\('efaut, aucun groupe n\*(Aqest ajout\('e\&. +List of groups to add to the user\*(Aqs supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting)\&. Default is none\&. -\(`A utiliser avec pr\('ecaution\ \&: il est possible que les utilisateurs aient un acc\(`es permanent \(`a ces groupes, et cela m\(^eme s\*(Aqils ne sont pas connect\('es sur la console\&. +Use with caution \- it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console\&. .RE .PP \fBCREATE_HOME\fR (boolean) @@ -113,72 +111,73 @@ Indiquer si un r\('epertoire personnel doit \(^etre cr\('e\('e par d\('efaut pou Ce r\('eglage ne s\*(Aqapplique pas pour les utilisateurs syst\(`eme, et peut \(^etre annul\('e sur la ligne de commande\&. .RE .PP -\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (bool\('een) +\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Indiquer si la connexion est permise si on ne peut pas acc\('eder au r\('epertoire personnel\&. Le r\('eglage par d\('efaut est \(Fo\ \&no\ \&\(Fc\&. .sp -Si elle est configur\('ee \(`a -\fIyes\fR, l\*(Aqutilisateur va se connecter dans le r\('epertoire racine (/) s\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas possible d\*(Aqacc\('eder \(`a son r\('epertoire personnel\&. +If set to +\fIyes\fR, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory\&. .RE .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 D\('efinir les algorithmes de chiffrement par d\('efaut du syst\(`eme pour coder les mots de passes (si aucun algorithme n\*(Aqa \('et\('e indiqu\('e sur la ligne de commandes)\&. .sp -Les valeurs suivantes sont accept\('ees\ \&: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(par d\('efaut), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Remarque\ \&: ce param\(`etre remplace la variable -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, sera utilis\('ee pour d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement HZ lorsqu\*(Aqun utilisateur se connecte\&. La valeur doit \(^etre pr\('ec\('ed\('ee par -\fIHZ=\fR\&. Une valeur commune sur Linux est +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_PATH\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENV_PATH\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, sera utilis\('ee pour d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement PATH quand un utilisateur ordinaire se connecte\&. La valeur est une liste de chemins s\('epar\('es par des deux points (par exemple -\fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR) et peut \(^etre pr\('ec\('ed\('ee par -\fIPATH=\fR\&. La valeur par d\('efaut est +If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular user login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example +\fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by +\fIPATH=\fR\&. The default value is \fIPATH=/bin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, sera utilis\('ee pour d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement PATH quand le super\-utilisateur se connecte\&. La valeur est une liste de chemins s\('epar\('es par deux points (par exemple -\fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR) et peut \(^etre pr\('ec\('ed\('ee par -\fIPATH=\fR\&. La valeur par d\('efaut est +If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superuser login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example +\fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by +\fIPATH=\fR\&. The default value is \fIPATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, sera utilis\('ee pour d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement TZ quand un utilisateur se connecte\&. La valeur peut \(^etre le nom d\*(Aqun fuseau horaire pr\('ec\('ed\('e par +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -(par exemple -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), ou le chemin complet vers le fichier contenant la sp\('ecification du fuseau horaire (par exemple +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Si un chemin complet est sp\('ecifi\('e mais que le fichier n\*(Aqexiste pas ou ne peut pas \(^etre lu, la valeur par d\('efaut utilis\('ee est +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use \fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si ce fichier existe et est lisible, l\*(Aqenvironnement de connexion sera lu \(`a\ \& partir de lui\&. Chaque ligne doit \(^etre sous la forme nom=valeur\&. .sp Les lignes commen\(,cant par un \(Fo\ \&#\ \&\(Fc sont consid\('er\('ees comme des commentaires, et sont ignor\('ees\&. .RE .PP -\fBERASECHAR\fR (nombre) +\fBERASECHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Le caract\(`ere ERASE du terminal (\fI010\fR +Terminal ERASE character (\fI010\fR = backspace, \fI0177\fR = DEL)\&. @@ -186,64 +185,63 @@ Le caract\(`ere ERASE du terminal (\fI010\fR La valeur peut \(^etre pr\('efix\('ee par \(Fo\ \&0\ \&\(Fc pour une valeur octale, ou \(Fo\ \&0x\ \&\(Fc pour une valeur hexad\('ecimale\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (nombre) +\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (number) .RS 4 Le d\('elai en secondes avant qu\*(Aqun nouvel essai soit permis apr\(`es un \('echec de connexion\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Activer l\*(Aqenregistrement et l\*(Aqaffichage des informations d\*(Aq\('echec de connexion de +Enable logging and display of /var/log/faillog +login failure info\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, +If set, \fBlogin\fR -ex\('ecutera cet interpr\('eteur de commandes au lieu de l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de l\*(Aqutilisateur sp\('ecifi\('e dans +will execute this shell instead of the users\*(Aq shell specified in /etc/passwd\&. .RE .PP -\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, les \('echecs de connexion seront enregistr\('es dans le fichier sous le format utmp .RE .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBGID_MIN\fR (nombre) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Plage d\*(Aqidentifiants num\('eriques de groupes que les commandes +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -ou -\fBnewusers\fR -peuvent utiliser pour la cr\('eation des groupes normaux\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -La valeur par d\('efaut pour +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -(respectivement -\fBGID_MAX\fR) est 1000 (respectivement 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, le fichier peut d\('esactiver tous les affichages habituels durant la s\('equence de connexion\&. Si un nom de chemin complet est sp\('ecifi\('e, alors le mode taiseux sera activ\('e si le nom ou l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes de l\*(Aqutilisateur sont trouv\('es dans le fichier\&. Si ce n\*(Aqest pas un nom de chemin complet, alors le mode taiseux sera activ\('e si le fichier existe dans le r\('epertoire personnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .RE .PP -\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, le fichier sera affich\('e avant chaque invite de connexion\&. .RE .PP -\fBKILLCHAR\fR (nombre) +\fBKILLCHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Le caract\(`ere KILL du terminal (\fI025\fR +Terminal KILL character (\fI025\fR = CTRL/U)\&. .sp La valeur peut \(^etre pr\('efix\('ee par \(Fo\ \&0\ \&\(Fc pour une valeur octale, ou \(Fo\ \&0x\ \&\(Fc pour une valeur hexad\('ecimale\&. .RE .PP -\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer la journalisation et l\*(Aqaffichage des informations de derni\(`ere connexion de /var/log/lastlog\&. .RE @@ -257,75 +255,75 @@ No option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing lastlog entries\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (bool\('een) +\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer la journalisation des connexions r\('eussies\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer l\*(Aqaffichage des noms d\*(Aqutilisateurs inconnus quand les \('echecs de connexions sont enregistr\('es\&. .sp Remarque\ \&: la journalisation des noms d\*(Aqutilisateurs inconnus peut \(^etre un probl\(`eme de s\('ecurit\('e si un utilisateur entre son mot de passe au lieu de son nom d\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (nombre) +\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 Le nombre maximum de tentatives de connexion en cas de mauvais mot de passe\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 La cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres utilis\('ee pour l\*(Aqinvite de mot de passe\&. La valeur par d\('efaut est d\*(Aqutiliser "Password: " (\(Fo\ \&mot de passe\ \&:\ \&\(Fc), ou une traduction de cette cha\(^ine\&. Si vous d\('efinissez cette variable, l\*(Aqinvite ne sera pas traduite\&. .sp -Si la cha\(^ine contient -\fI%s\fR, ces caract\(`eres seront remplac\('es par le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (nombre) +\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (number) .RS 4 Le temps maximum en secondes pour la connexion\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer le contr\(^ole et l\*(Aqaffichage du statut de la bo\(^ite aux lettres durant la connexion\&. .sp Vous devriez le d\('esactiver si les fichiers de d\('emarrage de l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes v\('erifient d\('ej\(`a la pr\('esence de courriers (\(Fo\ \&mail \-e\ \&\(Fc ou \('equivalent)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 R\('epertoire d\*(Aqattente des courriels (\(Fo\ \&mail spool directory\ \&\(Fc)\&. Ce param\(`etre est n\('ecessaire pour manipuler les bo\(^ites \(`a lettres lorsque le compte d\*(Aqun utilisateur est modifi\('e ou supprim\('e\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas sp\('ecifi\('e, une valeur par d\('efaut d\('efinie \(`a la compilation est utilis\('ee\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 D\('efinir l\*(Aqemplacement des bo\(^ites aux lettres des utilisateurs relativement \(`a leur r\('epertoire personnel\&. .RE .PP -Les param\(`etres +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -et +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -sont utilis\('es par +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -et +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -pour cr\('eer, d\('eplacer ou supprimer les bo\(^ites aux lettres des utilisateurs\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Si +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -est r\('egl\('e sur -\fIyes\fR, ces variables servent \('egalement \(`a d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (nombre) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Nombre maximum de membres par entr\('ee de groupe\&. Lorsque le maximum est atteint, une nouvelle entr\('ee de groupe (ligne) est d\('emarr\('ee dans +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(avec le m\(^eme nom, m\(^eme mot de passe, et m\(^eme GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&. .sp @@ -336,100 +334,99 @@ Si vous avez besoin de configurer cette limite, vous pouvez utiliser 25\&. Remarque\ \&: les groupes d\('ecoup\('es ne sont peut\-\(^etre pas pris en charge par tous les outils (m\(^eme dans la suite d\*(Aqoutils Shadow)\&. Vous ne devriez pas utiliser cette variable, sauf si vous en avez vraiment besoin\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Indiquer si un mot de passe doit \(^etre chiffr\('e en utilisant l\*(Aqalgorithme bas\('e sur MD5\&. Si configur\('ee \(`a -\fIyes\fR, les nouveaux mots de passe seront chiffr\('es en utilisant l\*(Aqalgorithme bas\('e sur MD5 compatible avec celui utilis\('e par les versions r\('ecentes de FreeBSD\&. Il g\(`ere des mots de passe de longueur illimit\('ee et des cha\(^ines de salage plus longues\&. Configurez\-la \(`a +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to \fIno\fR -pour copier les mots de passe chiffr\('es sur d\*(Aqautres syst\(`emes qui ne comprennent pas le nouvel algorithme\&. la valeur par d\('efaut est +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Cette variable est \('ecras\('ee par la variable +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -ou par toute option de la ligne de commande utilis\('ee pour configurer l\*(Aqalgorithme de chiffrement\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Cette variable est obsol\(`ete\&. Vous devriez utiliser +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, liste d\('elimit\('ee par des \(Fo\ \&:\ \&\(Fc de fichiers de \(Fo\ \&message du jour\ \&\(Fc \(`a afficher lors de la connexion\&. .RE .PP -\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, nom de fichier dont la pr\('esence emp\(^echera les connexions de quelqu\*(Aqun d\*(Aqautre que le superutilisateur\&. Le contenu de ces fichiers doit \(^etre un message indiquant pourquoi les connexions sont d\('esactiv\('ees\&. .RE .PP -\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer des v\('erifications suppl\('ementaires lors des changements de mot de passe\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (bool\('een) +\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Avertir en cas de mots de passe faibles (mais les accepte quand m\(^eme) si vous \(^etes superutilisateur\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre maximum d\*(Aqessais pour changer de mot de passe si refus\('e (trop facile)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre maximum de jours de validit\('e d\*(Aqun mot de passe\&. Apr\(`es cette dur\('ee, une modification du mot de passe est obligatoire\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, la valeur de \-1 est utilis\('ee (ce qui enl\(`eve toute restriction)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre minimum de jours autoris\('e avant la modification d\*(Aqun mot de passe\&. Toute tentative de modification du mot de passe avant cette dur\('ee est rejet\('ee\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, la valeur de \-1 est utilis\('ee (ce qui enl\(`eve toute restriction)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre de jours durant lesquels l\*(Aqutilisateur recevra un avertissement avant que son mot de passe n\*(Aqarrive en fin de validit\('e\&. Une valeur n\('egative signifie qu\*(Aqaucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, aucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&. .RE .PP -Les param\(`etres \fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR, \fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR -et +and \fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR -ne sont utilis\('es qu\*(Aqau moment de la cr\('eation d\*(Aqun compte\&. Les changements n\*(Aqaffecteront pas les comptes existants\&. +are only used at the time of account creation\&. Any changes to these settings won\*(Aqt affect existing accounts\&. .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (nombre), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (number), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Nombre de caract\(`eres significatifs dans le mot de passe pour crypt()\&. La valeur par d\('efaut de +Number of significant characters in the password for crypt()\&. \fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR -est 8\&. Ne la changez pas \(`a moins que votre crypt() ne soit meilleur\&. Ceci est ignor\('e si +is 8 by default\&. Don\*(Aqt change unless your crypt() is better\&. This is ignored if \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -est configur\('ee \(`a +set to \fIyes\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Activer la v\('erification des restrictions de temps pr\('ecis\('ees dans +Enable checking of time restrictions specified in /etc/porttime\&. .RE .PP -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Activer la mise en place de limites de resources depuis +Enable setting of resource limits from /etc/limits -et ulimit, umask et niveau nice depuis les champs gecos de passwd\&. +and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (nombre), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (nombre) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Quand +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -est configur\('ee \(`a +is set to \fISHA256\fR -ou -\fISHA512\fR, cela d\('efinit le nombre de rounds de SHA utilis\('es par l\*(Aqalgorithme de chiffrement par d\('efaut (quand le nombre de rounds n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e sur la ligne de commande)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Avec beaucoup de rounds, il est plus difficile de trouver le mot de passe avec une attaque par force brute\&. Veuillez remarquer que plus de ressources processeur seront n\('ecessaires pour authentifier les utilisateurs\&. .sp @@ -437,200 +434,199 @@ Si non pr\('ecis\('ee, la libc utilisera le nombre de rounds par d\('efaut (5000 .sp Les valeurs doivent \(^etre comprises dans l\*(Aqintervalle 1\ \&000\ \&\-\ \&999\ \&999\ \&999\&. .sp -Si une seule des variables +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -ou +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -est configur\('ee, alors cette valeur sera utilis\('ee\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Si +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, la valeur la plus \('elev\('ee sera utilis\('ee\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .PP -\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, les activit\('es de su seront enregistr\('ees dans le fichier\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_NAME\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBSU_NAME\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, le nom de la commande \(`a afficher lorsque \(Fo\ \&su \-\ \&\(Fc est ex\('ecut\('ee\&. Par exemple, si elle est d\('efinie \(`a \(Fo\ \&su\ \&\(Fc alors un \(Fo\ \&ps\ \&\(Fc affichera la commande comme \(Fo\ \&\-su\ \&\(Fc\&. Si non d\('efinie, alors \(Fo\ \&ps\ \&\(Fc affichera le nom du shell qui sera en fait ex\('ecut\('e, par exemple quelque chose comme \(Fo\ \&\-sh\ \&\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (bool\('een) +\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Si -\fIyes\fR, l\*(Aqutilisateur doit faire partie des membres du groupe avec le premier gid 0 dans +If +\fIyes\fR, the user must be listed as a member of the first gid 0 group in /etc/group -(appel\('e +(called \fIroot\fR -sur la plupart des syst\(`emes Linux) pour \(^etre capable de +on most Linux systems) to be able to \fBsu\fR -vers des comptes \(`a uid 0\&. Si ce groupe n\*(Aqexiste pas ou est vide, personne ne pourra +to uid 0 accounts\&. If the group doesn\*(Aqt exist or is empty, no one will be able to \fBsu\fR -vers un uid 0\&. +to uid 0\&. .RE .PP -\fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (nombre) +\fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (number) .RS 4 -Si +If /etc/subuid -existe, les commandes +exists, the commands \fBuseradd\fR -et +and \fBnewusers\fR -affectent \(`a +(unless the user already have subordinate group IDs) allocate \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR -les GIDs non utilis\('es compris entre +unused group IDs from the range \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR -et +to \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR -pour chaque utilisateur (sauf si l\*(Aqutilisateur a d\('ej\(`a indiqu\('e des IDs de groupes subalternes)\&. +for each new user\&. .sp -Les valeurs par d\('efaut pour +The default values for \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR, -\fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR -et +\fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR, \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR -sont respectivement 100000, 600100000 et 65536\&. +are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR (nombre) +\fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR (number) .RS 4 -Si +If /etc/subuid -existe, les commandes +exists, the commands \fBuseradd\fR -et +and \fBnewusers\fR -affectent \(`a +(unless the user already have subordinate user IDs) allocate \fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR -les UIDs non utilis\('es compris entre +unused user IDs from the range \fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR -et +to \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR -pour chaque utilisateur (sauf si l\*(Aqutilisateur a d\('ej\(`a indiqu\('e des IDs de utilisateurs subalternes)\&. +for each new user\&. .sp -Les valeurs par d\('efaut pour +The default values for \fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR, \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR, -\fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR, sont respectivement 100000, 600100000 et 65536\&. +\fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR +are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (nombre) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Plage d\*(Aqidentifiants num\('eriques de groupes que les commandes +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -ou -\fBnewusers\fR -peuvent utiliser pour la cr\('eation de groupes syst\(`eme\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -La valeur par d\('efaut pour +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -(respectivement -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) est 101 (respectivement +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (nombre) +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Plage d\*(Aqidentifiants num\('eriques d\*(Aqutilisateurs que les commandes +Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by \fBuseradd\fR -ou -\fBnewusers\fR -peuvent utiliser pour la cr\('eation d\*(Aqutilisateurs syst\(`eme\&. +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -La valeur par d\('efaut pour +The default value for \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -(respectivement -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) est 101 (respectivement +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Activer la journalisation \(Fo\ \&syslog\ \&\(Fc de l\*(Aqactivit\('e de -\fBsg\fR\&. +Enable "syslog" logging of +\fBsg\fR +activity\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Activer la journalisation \(Fo\ \&syslog\ \&\(Fc de l\*(Aqactivit\('e de +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsu\fR -\- en plus de la journalisation sulog\&. +activity \- in addition to sulog file logging\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYGROUP\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres), \fBTTYPERM\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBTTYGROUP\fR (string), \fBTTYPERM\fR (string) .RS 4 -Les permissions de terminal\ \&: la connexion tty appartiendra au groupe +The terminal permissions: the login tty will be owned by the \fBTTYGROUP\fR -et les permissions seront configur\('ees \(`a +group, and the permissions will be set to \fBTTYPERM\fR\&. .sp -Par d\('efaut, le propri\('etaire du terminal est configur\('e au groupe primaire de l\*(Aqutilisateur et les permissions sont configur\('ees \(`a +By default, the ownership of the terminal is set to the user\*(Aqs primary group and the permissions are set to \fI0600\fR\&. .sp \fBTTYGROUP\fR -peut \(^etre le nom d\*(Aqun groupe ou un identifiant num\('erique de groupe\&. +can be either the name of a group or a numeric group identifier\&. .sp -Si vous avez un programme +If you have a \fBwrite\fR -qui est \(Fo\ \&setgid\ \&\(Fc \(`a un groupe sp\('ecial auquel les terminaux appartiennent, d\('efinissez TTYGROUP comme l\*(Aqidentifiant num\('erique du groupe et TTYPERM \(`a 0620\&. Autrement laissez TTYGROUP d\('ecomment\('e et TTYPERM configur\('e soit \(`a 622 soit \(`a 600\&. +program which is "setgid" to a special group which owns the terminals, define TTYGROUP to the group number and TTYPERM to 0620\&. Otherwise leave TTYGROUP commented out and assign TTYPERM to either 622 or 600\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, fichier qui lie les lignes de tty \(`a la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement TERM\&. Chaque ligne du fichier est dans un format ressemblant \(`a \(Fo\ \&vt100 tty01\ \&\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fBUID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBUID_MIN\fR (nombre) +\fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Plage d\*(Aqidentifiants num\('eriques d\*(Aqutilisateurs que les commandes +Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by \fBuseradd\fR -ou -\fBnewusers\fR -peuvent utiliser pour la cr\('eation d\*(Aqutilisateurs normaux\&. +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -La valeur par d\('efaut de +The default value for \fBUID_MIN\fR -(respectivement -\fBUID_MAX\fR) est 1000 (respectivement 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBULIMIT\fR (nombre) +\fBULIMIT\fR (number) .RS 4 -Valeur par d\('efaut d\*(Aq\fBulimit\fR\&. +Default +\fBulimit\fR +value\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (nombre) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 Valeur d\*(Aqinitialisation du masque de permissions\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, le masque des permissions sera initialis\('e \(`a 022\&. .sp \fBuseradd\fR -et +and \fBnewusers\fR -utilisent ce masque pour d\('efinir les permissions d\*(Aqacc\(`es des r\('epertoires personnels qu\*(Aqils cr\('eent\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Il est \('egalement utilis\('e par +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -pour d\('efinir l\*(Aqumask initial de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Veuillez noter que cet umask peut \(^etre red\('efini par les GECOS de l\*(Aqutilisateur (si +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -est activ\('e) ou en pr\('ecisant une limite avec l\*(Aqidentifiant +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -dans +identifier in \fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, la commande est ex\('ecut\('ee lors de la suppression d\*(Aqun utilisateur\&. Elle pourra supprimer toutes les t\(^aches p\('eriodiques cron ou at, tous les travaux d\*(Aqimpression, etc\&. de l\*(Aqutilisateur (qui sera fourni comme premier param\(`etre)\&. .sp Le code de retour du script n\*(Aqest pas pris en compte\&. .sp -Voici un script exemple, qui supprime le fichier d\*(Aqentr\('ee de cron et d\*(Aqat ainsi que les travaux d\*(Aqimpression en attente\ \&; +Here is an example script, which removes the user\*(Aqs cron, at and print jobs: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -663,18 +659,19 @@ exit 0 .if n \{\ .RE .\} +.sp .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer la mise en place de bits de masque de groupe (\(Fo\ \&umask group bits\ \&\(Fc) identiques \(`a ceux du propri\('etaire (exemple\ \&: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) pour les utilisateurs non privil\('egi\('es, si l\*(AqUID est identique au GID et que l\*(Aqidentifiant de connexion est identique au groupe principal\&. .sp -Si cette variable est configur\('ee \(`a +If set to \fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -supprimera le groupe de l\*(Aqutilisateur s\*(Aqil ne contient pas d\*(Aqautres membres, et +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -cr\('eera par d\('efaut un groupe portant le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "R\('EF\('ERENCES CROIS\('EES" .PP diff --git a/man/fr/man5/passwd.5 b/man/fr/man5/passwd.5 index f513c0e3..eba83468 100644 --- a/man/fr/man5/passwd.5 +++ b/man/fr/man5/passwd.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: passwd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formats et conversions de fichiers -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "PASSWD" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formats et conversions de fich" +.TH "PASSWD" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formats et conversions de fich" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ passwd \- fichier des mots de passe .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP /etc/passwd -contient diff\('erentes informations sur les comptes utilisateurs\&. Ces informations consistent en sept champs s\('epar\('es par des deux\-points (\(Fo\ \&:\ \&\(Fc)\ \&: +contains one line for each user account, with seven fields delimited by colons (\(Fo\ \&:\ \&\(Fc)\&. These fields are: .sp .RS 4 .ie n \{\ @@ -111,33 +111,55 @@ le r\('epertoire personnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes de l\*(Aqutilisateur (optionnel) .RE .PP -Le champ du mot de passe chiffr\('e peut \(^etre vide\&. Dans ce cas, aucun mot de passe n\*(Aqest n\('ecessaire pour s\*(Aqauthentifier avec le compte donn\('e\&. Cependant, certaines applications qui lisent le fichier +If the +\fIpassword\fR +field is a lower\-case +\(Fo\ \&x\ \&\(Fc, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the +\fBshadow\fR(5) +file instead; there +\fImust\fR +be a corresponding line in the +/etc/shadow +file, or else the user account is invalid\&. +.PP +The encrypted +\fIpassword\fR +field may be empty, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the /etc/passwd -peuvent d\('ecider de ne donner aucun acc\(`es si le -\fImot de\fR -passe est vide\&. Si le mot de passe est un -\(Fo\ \&x\ \&\(Fc -minuscule, alors le mot de passe chiffr\('e se trouve dans le fichier -\fBshadow\fR(5)\ \&; il -\fIdoit\fR -y avoir une ligne correspondante dans le fichier -shadow, sinon le compte de l\*(Aqutilisateur n\*(Aqest pas valide\&. Si le mot de passe est constitu\('e d\*(Aqune autre cha\(^ine, alors il est consid\('er\('e comme un mot de passe chiffr\('e, comme indiqu\('e dans -\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. +file may decide not to permit +\fIany\fR +access at all if the +\fIpassword\fR +field is blank\&. +.PP +A +\fIpassword\fR +field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the +\fIpassword\fR +field before the password was locked\&. +.PP +Refer to +\fBcrypt\fR(3) +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. +.PP +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)\&. .PP -Le champ de commentaire est utilis\('e par diff\('erents utilitaires syst\(`eme, tels que +The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as \fBfinger\fR(1)\&. .PP -Le champ du r\('epertoire personnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur correspond au nom du r\('epertoire de travail initial\&. +The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory\&. The \fBlogin\fR -utilise cette information pour d\('efinir la valeur de la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement -\fB$HOME\fR\&. +program uses this information to set the value of the +\fB$HOME\fR +environmental variable\&. .PP -Le champ de l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes correspond au nom de l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes de l\*(Aqutilisateur, ou au nom d\*(Aqun programme initial \(`a ex\('ecuter\&. +The command interpreter field provides the name of the user\*(Aqs command language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute\&. The \fBlogin\fR -utilise cette information pour d\('efinir la valeur de la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement -\fB$SHELL\fR\&. Si ce champ est vide, -/bin/sh -est utilis\('e par d\('efaut\&. +program uses this information to set the value of the +\fB$SHELL\fR +environmental variable\&. If this field is empty, it defaults to the value +/bin/sh\&. .SH "FICHIERS" .PP /etc/passwd diff --git a/man/fr/man5/porttime.5 b/man/fr/man5/porttime.5 index 7006c6eb..00ee27da 100644 --- a/man/fr/man5/porttime.5 +++ b/man/fr/man5/porttime.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: porttime .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formats et conversions de fichiers -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formats et conversions de fich" +.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formats et conversions de fich" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,45 +32,41 @@ porttime \- Fichier de configuration des droits d\*(Aqacc\(`es en fonction de la .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP \fIporttime\fR -contient une liste de tty, noms d\*(Aqutilisateurs, et horaires d\*(Aqacc\(`es autoris\('es\&. +contains a list of tty devices, user names, and permitted login times\&. .PP Chaque entr\('ee consiste en trois champs s\('epar\('es par un caract\(`ere deux\-points \(Fo\ \&:\ \&\(Fc\&. Le premier champ est une liste de tty s\('epar\('es par des virgules, ou un ast\('erisque \(Fo\ \&*\ \&\(Fc pour indiquer que l\*(Aqentr\('ee correspond \(`a toutes les tty\&. Le second champ est une liste de noms d\*(Aqutilisateurs, ou un ast\('erisque pour indiquer que cette entr\('ee correspond \(`a n\*(Aqimporte quel utilisateur\&. Le troisi\(`eme champ est une liste d\*(Aqhoraires d\*(Aqacc\(`es autoris\('es\&. .PP -Chaque horaire d\*(Aqacc\(`es consiste en z\('ero ou plusieurs abr\('eviations de jours de la semaine\ \&: -\fISu\fR -(dimanche), -\fIMo\fR -(lundi), -\fITu\fR -(mardi), -\fIWe\fR -(mercredi), -\fITh\fR -(jeudi), -\fIFr\fR -(vendredi), -\fISa\fR -(samedi), suivi d\*(Aqun couple d\*(Aqhoraires s\('epar\('es par un tiret\&. L\*(Aqabr\('eviation +Each access time entry consists of zero or more days of the week, abbreviated +\fISu\fR, +\fIMo\fR, +\fITu\fR, +\fIWe\fR, +\fITh\fR, +\fIFr\fR, and +\fISa\fR, followed by a pair of times separated by a hyphen\&. The abbreviation \fIWk\fR -peut \(^etre utilis\('ee pour repr\('esenter les jours de la semaine du lundi au vendredi, et +may be used to represent Monday thru Friday, and \fIAl\fR -permet de sp\('ecifier l\*(Aqensemble des jours de la semaine\&. Par d\('efaut, si aucun jour n\*(Aqest sp\('ecifi\('e, +may be used to indicate every day\&. If no days are given, \fIAl\fR -est utilis\('e\&. +is assumed\&. .SH "EXEMPLES" .PP -L\*(Aqentr\('ee suivante autorise l\*(Aqacc\(`es \(`a l\*(Aqutilisateur +The following entry allows access to user \fBjfh\fR -sur n\*(Aqimporte quel port pendant la semaine de 9 heures \(`a 17 heures\&. +on every port during weekdays from 9am to 5pm\&. .PP *:jfh:Wk0900\-1700 .PP -L\*(Aqentr\('ee suivante autorise l\*(Aqacc\(`es \(`a /dev/console uniquement aux utilisateurs +The following entries allow access only to the users \fIroot\fR -et +and \fIoper\fR -\(`a n\*(Aqimporte quelle heure\&. Ceci permet de montrer l\*(Aqimportance de l\*(Aqordre des entr\('ees dans le fichier -/etc/porttime\&. Les autres utilisateurs ne satisferont que la deuxi\(`eme entr\('ee, qui n\*(Aqautorise aucun acc\(`es\&. +on +/dev/console +at any time\&. This illustrates how the +/etc/porttime +file is an ordered list of access times\&. Any other user would match the second entry which does not permit access at any time\&. .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -84,8 +80,9 @@ et .RE .\} .PP -L\*(Aqentr\('ee suivante autorise l\*(Aqacc\(`es \(`a tous les ports pour l\*(Aqutilisateur -\fIgames\fR, en dehors des heures de travail\&. +The following entry allows access for the user +\fIgames\fR +on any port during non\-working hours\&. .PP *:games:Wk1700\-0900,SaSu0000\-2400 .SH "FICHIERS" diff --git a/man/fr/man5/shadow.5 b/man/fr/man5/shadow.5 index 9d131886..6ae966bd 100644 --- a/man/fr/man5/shadow.5 +++ b/man/fr/man5/shadow.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: shadow .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formats et conversions de fichiers -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "SHADOW" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formats et conversions de fich" +.TH "SHADOW" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formats et conversions de fich" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ shadow \- fichier des mots de passe cach\('es .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP shadow -est un fichier qui contient les informations cach\('ees concernant les mots de passe des utilisateurs et leurs dates de validit\('e\&. +is a file which contains the password information for the system\*(Aqs accounts and optional aging information\&. .PP Ce fichier ne doit pas \(^etre accessible en lecture par les utilisateurs normaux afin de maintenir la s\('ecurit\('e des mots de passe, en particuliers pour pr\('evenir les attaques par dictionnaires\&. .PP -Chaque ligne de ce fichier contient 9\ \&champs, s\('epar\('es par des deux\-points (\(Fo\ \&:\ \&\(Fc), dans l\*(Aqordre suivant\ \&: +Each line of this file contains 9 fields, separated by colons (\(Fo\ \&:\ \&\(Fc), in the following order: .PP \fBnom de connexion de l\*(Aqutilisateur (\(Fo\ \&login\ \&\(Fc)\fR .RS 4 @@ -45,18 +45,18 @@ Ce doit \(^etre un nom de compte valable, qui existe sur le syst\(`eme\&. .PP \fBmot de passe chiffr\('e\fR .RS 4 -Consultez -\fBcrypt\fR(3) -pour plus d\*(Aqinformations sur le traitement de cette cha\(^ine\&. -.sp -Si le champ du mot de passe contient une cha\(^ine qui ne peut pas \(^etre un r\('esultat valable de -\fBcrypt\fR(3), par exemple si elle contient les caract\(`eres ! ou *, alors l\*(Aqutilisateur ne pourra pas utiliser son mot de passe UNIX pour se connecter (mais il se peut que l\*(Aqutilisateur puisse se connecter au syst\(`eme par d\*(Aqautres moyens)\&. -.sp -Ce champ peut \(^etre vide\&. Dans ce cas aucun mot de passe n\*(Aqest n\('ecessaire pour s\*(Aqauthentifier avec l\*(Aqidentifiant de connexion indiqu\('e\&. Cependant, certaines applications qui lisent le fichier +This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the /etc/shadow -peuvent n\*(Aqautoriser aucun acc\(`es si le mot de passe est vide\&. +file may decide not to permit any access at all if the password field is empty\&. .sp Un champ de mot de passe qui commence avec un point d\*(Aqexclamation indique que le mot de passe est bloqu\('e\&. Les caract\(`eres restants sur la ligne repr\('esentent le champ de mot de passe avant que le mot de passe n\*(Aqait \('et\('e bloqu\('e\&. +.sp +Refer to +\fBcrypt\fR(3) +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. +.sp +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)\&. .RE .PP \fBdate du dernier changement de mot de passe\fR diff --git a/man/fr/man5/suauth.5 b/man/fr/man5/suauth.5 index 81bf817a..4f857287 100644 --- a/man/fr/man5/suauth.5 +++ b/man/fr/man5/suauth.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: suauth .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formats et conversions de fichiers -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "SUAUTH" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formats et conversions de fich" +.TH "SUAUTH" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formats et conversions de fich" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,15 +34,15 @@ suauth \- Fichier de contr\(^ole d\('etaill\('e de su \fB/etc/suauth\fR .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -Le fichier +The file /etc/suauth -est lu chaque fois que su est ex\('ecut\('e\&. Il permet de modifier le comportement de la commande su, en fonction de\ \&: +is referenced whenever the su command is called\&. It can change the behaviour of the su command, based upon: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf - 1) l\*(Aqutilisateur cible de su + 1) the user su is targeting .fi .if n \{\ @@ -57,26 +57,27 @@ Le fichier est format\('e de la fa\(,con suivante (les lignes commen\(,cant par .RS 4 .\} .nf - vers\-id:par\-id:ACTION + to\-id:from\-id:ACTION .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} .PP -O\(`u vers\-id peut \(^etre le mot -\fIALL\fR, une liste de noms d\*(Aqutilisateurs s\('epar\('es par une virgule ou +Where to\-id is either the word +\fIALL\fR, a list of usernames delimited by "," or the words \fIALL EXCEPT\fR -suivi d\*(Aqune liste d\*(Aqutilisateurs s\('epar\('es par une virgule\&. +followed by a list of usernames delimited by ","\&. .PP -par\-id utilise le m\(^eme format que vers\-id, mais accepte \('egalement le mot\-cl\('e -\fIGROUP\fR\&. +from\-id is formatted the same as to\-id except the extra word +\fIGROUP\fR +is recognized\&. \fIALL EXCEPT GROUP\fR -est \('egalement accept\('e\&. +is perfectly valid too\&. Following \fIGROUP\fR -est suivi d\*(Aqun ou plusieurs noms de groupes, s\('epar\('es par une virgule\&. Il n\*(Aqest pas suffisant d\*(Aqavoir comme groupe primaire le groupe appropri\('e\ \&: une entr\('ee dans +appears one or more group names, delimited by ","\&. It is not sufficient to have primary group id of the relevant group, an entry in \fB/etc/group\fR(5) -est n\('ecessaire\&. +is necessary\&. .PP Les valeurs d\*(AqACTION valables sont\ \&: .PP @@ -102,23 +103,22 @@ Notez qu\*(Aqil y a trois champs s\('epar\('es par un \(Fo\ \&deux\-points\ \&\( .RS 4 .\} .nf - # exemple de fichier /etc/suauth + # sample /etc/suauth file # - # Deux utilisateurs privil\('egi\('es peuvent - # devenir root avec leur propre mot de passe\&. + # A couple of privileged usernames may + # su to root with their own password\&. # root:chris,birddog:OWNPASS # - # Les autres ne peuvent pas de venir root avec - # su, \(`a l\*(Aqexception des membres du groupe wheel\&. - # Ceci correspond au comportement des BSD\&. + # Anyone else may not su to root unless in + # group wheel\&. This is how BSD does things\&. # root:ALL EXCEPT GROUP wheel:DENY # - # terry et birddog sont des comptes poss\('ed\('es - # par la m\(^eme personne\&. - # Un acc\(`es sans mot passe est am\('enag\('e - # entre ces deux comptes\&. + # Perhaps terry and birddog are accounts + # owned by the same person\&. + # Access can be arranged between them + # with no password\&. # terry:birddog:NOPASS birddog:terry:NOPASS @@ -138,9 +138,9 @@ Notez qu\*(Aqil y a trois champs s\('epar\('es par un \(Fo\ \&deux\-points\ \&\( Il en reste sans doute beaucoup\&. L\*(Aqanalyseur du fichier est particuli\(`erement impitoyable avec les erreurs de syntaxe\&. Il n\*(Aqautorise d\*(Aqespace qu\*(Aqen d\('ebut et fin de ligne, et seul le d\('elimiteur sp\('ecifique doit \(^etre utilis\('e\&. .SH "DIAGNOSTICS" .PP -Une erreur dans l\*(Aqanalyse du fichier est report\('ee via +An error parsing the file is reported using \fBsyslogd\fR(8) -au niveau ERR dans la cat\('egorie AUTH\&. +as level ERR on facility AUTH\&. .SH "VOIR AUSSI" .PP \fBsu\fR(1)\&. diff --git a/man/fr/man5/subgid.5 b/man/fr/man5/subgid.5 index 43bff0c3..bb83edf3 100644 --- a/man/fr/man5/subgid.5 +++ b/man/fr/man5/subgid.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: subgid .\" Author: [FIXME: author] [see http://docbook.sf.net/el/author] .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formats et conversions de fichiers -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "SUBGID" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formats et conversions de fich" +.TH "SUBGID" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formats et conversions de fich" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/fr/man5/subuid.5 b/man/fr/man5/subuid.5 index 739c883c..1f9e9118 100644 --- a/man/fr/man5/subuid.5 +++ b/man/fr/man5/subuid.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: subuid .\" Author: [FIXME: author] [see http://docbook.sf.net/el/author] .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formats et conversions de fichiers -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "SUBUID" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formats et conversions de fich" +.TH "SUBUID" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formats et conversions de fich" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/fr/man8/chgpasswd.8 b/man/fr/man8/chgpasswd.8 index 1808883b..a1afb6e3 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/chgpasswd.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/chgpasswd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chgpasswd .\" Author: Thomas K\(/loczko <kloczek@pld.org.pl> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "CHGPASSWD" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "CHGPASSWD" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,31 +34,30 @@ chgpasswd \- Mettre \(`a jour par lot des mots de passe des groupes \fBchgpasswd\fR [\fIoptions\fR] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBchgpasswd\fR -lit une liste de paires de noms de groupes et de mots de passe depuis l\*(Aqentr\('ee standard et utilise ces informations pour mettre \(`a jour un ensemble de groupes existants\&. Chaque ligne est au format suivant\ \&: +command reads a list of group name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a set of existing groups\&. Each line is of the format: .PP -\fInom_utilisateur\fR:\fImot_de_passe\fR +\fIgroup_name\fR:\fIpassword\fR .PP -Par d\('efaut, le mot de passe doit \(^etre fourni en clair, et est chiffr\('e par +By default the supplied password must be in clear\-text, and is encrypted by \fBchgpasswd\fR\&. .PP -L\*(Aqalgorithme de chiffrement peut \(^etre d\('efini pour le syst\(`eme avec la variable +The default encryption algorithm can be defined for the system with the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -de -/etc/login\&.defs -et peut \(^etre surcharg\('e avec les options +variable of +/etc/login\&.defs, and can be overwritten with the \fB\-e\fR, -\fB\-m\fR -ou -\fB\-c\fR\&. +\fB\-m\fR, or +\fB\-c\fR +options\&. .PP Cette commande est destin\('ee aux gros syst\(`emes pour lesquels un nombre importants de comptes sont cr\('e\('es en une seule fois\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBchgpasswd\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR .RS 4 @@ -82,12 +81,13 @@ Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. Permettre d\*(Aqutiliser le chiffrement MD5, plut\(^ot que DES, lorsque les mots de passe fournis ne sont pas chiffr\('es\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR @@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ Une valeur minimale de 1\ \&000 et une valeur maximale de 999\ \&999\ \&999 sero .sp Vous ne pouvez utiliser cette m\('ethode qu\*(Aqavec les m\('ethodes de chiffrement SHA256 ou SHA512\&. .sp -Par d\('efaut, le nombre de rounds est d\('efini par les variables SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS et SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS dans +By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .SH "AVERTISSEMENTS" @@ -110,28 +110,29 @@ Pensez \(`a configurer les permissions ou umask afin d\*(Aqemp\(^echer la lectur Vous devez vous assurer que les mots de passe et la m\('ethode de chiffrement respectent la politique de mot de passe du syst\(`eme\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 D\('efinir les algorithmes de chiffrement par d\('efaut du syst\(`eme pour coder les mots de passes (si aucun algorithme n\*(Aqa \('et\('e indiqu\('e sur la ligne de commandes)\&. .sp -Les valeurs suivantes sont accept\('ees\ \&: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(par d\('efaut), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Remarque\ \&: ce param\(`etre remplace la variable -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (nombre) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Nombre maximum de membres par entr\('ee de groupe\&. Lorsque le maximum est atteint, une nouvelle entr\('ee de groupe (ligne) est d\('emarr\('ee dans +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(avec le m\(^eme nom, m\(^eme mot de passe, et m\(^eme GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&. .sp @@ -142,30 +143,30 @@ Si vous avez besoin de configurer cette limite, vous pouvez utiliser 25\&. Remarque\ \&: les groupes d\('ecoup\('es ne sont peut\-\(^etre pas pris en charge par tous les outils (m\(^eme dans la suite d\*(Aqoutils Shadow)\&. Vous ne devriez pas utiliser cette variable, sauf si vous en avez vraiment besoin\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Indiquer si un mot de passe doit \(^etre chiffr\('e en utilisant l\*(Aqalgorithme bas\('e sur MD5\&. Si configur\('ee \(`a -\fIyes\fR, les nouveaux mots de passe seront chiffr\('es en utilisant l\*(Aqalgorithme bas\('e sur MD5 compatible avec celui utilis\('e par les versions r\('ecentes de FreeBSD\&. Il g\(`ere des mots de passe de longueur illimit\('ee et des cha\(^ines de salage plus longues\&. Configurez\-la \(`a +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to \fIno\fR -pour copier les mots de passe chiffr\('es sur d\*(Aqautres syst\(`emes qui ne comprennent pas le nouvel algorithme\&. la valeur par d\('efaut est +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Cette variable est \('ecras\('ee par la variable +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -ou par toute option de la ligne de commande utilis\('ee pour configurer l\*(Aqalgorithme de chiffrement\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Cette variable est obsol\(`ete\&. Vous devriez utiliser +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (nombre), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (nombre) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Quand +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -est configur\('ee \(`a +is set to \fISHA256\fR -ou -\fISHA512\fR, cela d\('efinit le nombre de rounds de SHA utilis\('es par l\*(Aqalgorithme de chiffrement par d\('efaut (quand le nombre de rounds n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e sur la ligne de commande)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Avec beaucoup de rounds, il est plus difficile de trouver le mot de passe avec une attaque par force brute\&. Veuillez remarquer que plus de ressources processeur seront n\('ecessaires pour authentifier les utilisateurs\&. .sp @@ -173,16 +174,16 @@ Si non pr\('ecis\('ee, la libc utilisera le nombre de rounds par d\('efaut (5000 .sp Les valeurs doivent \(^etre comprises dans l\*(Aqintervalle 1\ \&000\ \&\-\ \&999\ \&999\ \&999\&. .sp -Si une seule des variables +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -ou +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -est configur\('ee, alors cette valeur sera utilis\('ee\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Si +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, la valeur la plus \('elev\('ee sera utilis\('ee\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" .PP diff --git a/man/fr/man8/chpasswd.8 b/man/fr/man8/chpasswd.8 index 8171293c..9d681c3a 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/chpasswd.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/chpasswd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chpasswd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "CHPASSWD" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "CHPASSWD" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,52 +34,51 @@ chpasswd \- Mettre \(`a jour des mots de passe par lot \fBchpasswd\fR [\fIoptions\fR] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBchpasswd\fR -lit une liste de paires de noms d\*(Aqutilisateurs et de mots de passe depuis l\*(Aqentr\('ee standard et utilise ces informations pour mettre \(`a jour un groupe d\*(Aqutilisateurs existants\&. Chaque ligne est au format suivant\ \&: +command reads a list of user name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a group of existing users\&. Each line is of the format: .PP -\fInom_utilisateur\fR:\fImot_de_passe\fR +\fIuser_name\fR:\fIpassword\fR .PP -Par d\('efaut, les mots de passe doivent \(^etre fournis en clair, et sont chiffr\('es par -\fBchpasswd\fR\&. L\*(Aq\(^age du mot de passe sera \('egalement mis \(`a jour, s\*(Aqil est pr\('esent\&. +By default the passwords must be supplied in clear\-text, and are encrypted by +\fBchpasswd\fR\&. Also the password age will be updated, if present\&. .PP -L\*(Aqalgorithme de chiffrement par d\('efaut peut \(^etre d\('efini pour le syst\(`eme \(`a l\*(Aqaide des variables +The default encryption algorithm can be defined for the system with the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -ou +or \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -de -/etc/login\&.defs, et peut \(^etre surcharg\('e par les options +variables of +/etc/login\&.defs, and can be overwritten with the \fB\-e\fR, -\fB\-m\fR -ou +\fB\-m\fR, or \fB\-c\fR +options\&. .PP \fBchpasswd\fR -modifie d\*(Aqabord tous les mots de passe en m\('emoire, puis propage toutes les modifications sur le disque si aucune erreur n\*(Aqa eu lieu pour aucun utilisateur\&. +first updates all the passwords in memory, and then commits all the changes to disk if no errors occurred for any user\&. .PP Cette commande est destin\('ee aux gros syst\(`emes pour lesquels un nombre importants de comptes sont cr\('e\('es en une seule fois\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBchpasswd\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR\ \&\fIM\('ETHODE\fR +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR\ \&\fIMETHOD\fR .RS 4 Utiliser la m\('ethode pr\('ecis\('ee pour chiffrer les mots de passe\&. .sp Les m\('ethodes disponibles sont DES, MD5, NONE et SHA256 ou SHA512 si votre libc prend en charge ces m\('ethodes\&. .sp -Par d\('efaut (si aucune des options +By default (if none of the \fB\-c\fR, -\fB\-m\fR -ou +\fB\-m\fR, or \fB\-e\fR -n\*(Aqest pr\('ecis\('ee), la m\('ethode de chiffrement est d\('efinie par les variables +options are specified), the encryption method is defined by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -ou +or \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -de +variables of /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP @@ -98,12 +97,13 @@ Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. Permettre d\*(Aqutiliser le chiffrement MD5, plut\(^ot que DES, lorsque les mots de passe fournis ne sont pas chiffr\('es\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR\ \&\fIROUNDS\fR @@ -116,11 +116,11 @@ Une valeur minimale de 1\ \&000 et une valeur maximale de 999\ \&999\ \&999 sero .sp Vous ne pouvez utiliser cette m\('ethode qu\*(Aqavec les m\('ethodes de chiffrement SHA256 ou SHA512\&. .sp -Par d\('efaut, le nombre de rounds est d\('efini par les variables +By default, the number of rounds is defined by the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -et +and \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -dans +variables in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .SH "AVERTISSEMENTS" @@ -128,47 +128,48 @@ dans Pensez \(`a configurer les permissions ou umask afin d\*(Aqemp\(^echer la lecture des fichiers non chiffr\('es par les d\*(Aqautres utilisateurs\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 D\('efinir les algorithmes de chiffrement par d\('efaut du syst\(`eme pour coder les mots de passes (si aucun algorithme n\*(Aqa \('et\('e indiqu\('e sur la ligne de commandes)\&. .sp -Les valeurs suivantes sont accept\('ees\ \&: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(par d\('efaut), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Remarque\ \&: ce param\(`etre remplace la variable -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Indiquer si un mot de passe doit \(^etre chiffr\('e en utilisant l\*(Aqalgorithme bas\('e sur MD5\&. Si configur\('ee \(`a -\fIyes\fR, les nouveaux mots de passe seront chiffr\('es en utilisant l\*(Aqalgorithme bas\('e sur MD5 compatible avec celui utilis\('e par les versions r\('ecentes de FreeBSD\&. Il g\(`ere des mots de passe de longueur illimit\('ee et des cha\(^ines de salage plus longues\&. Configurez\-la \(`a +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to \fIno\fR -pour copier les mots de passe chiffr\('es sur d\*(Aqautres syst\(`emes qui ne comprennent pas le nouvel algorithme\&. la valeur par d\('efaut est +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Cette variable est \('ecras\('ee par la variable +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -ou par toute option de la ligne de commande utilis\('ee pour configurer l\*(Aqalgorithme de chiffrement\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Cette variable est obsol\(`ete\&. Vous devriez utiliser +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (nombre), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (nombre) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Quand +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -est configur\('ee \(`a +is set to \fISHA256\fR -ou -\fISHA512\fR, cela d\('efinit le nombre de rounds de SHA utilis\('es par l\*(Aqalgorithme de chiffrement par d\('efaut (quand le nombre de rounds n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e sur la ligne de commande)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Avec beaucoup de rounds, il est plus difficile de trouver le mot de passe avec une attaque par force brute\&. Veuillez remarquer que plus de ressources processeur seront n\('ecessaires pour authentifier les utilisateurs\&. .sp @@ -176,16 +177,16 @@ Si non pr\('ecis\('ee, la libc utilisera le nombre de rounds par d\('efaut (5000 .sp Les valeurs doivent \(^etre comprises dans l\*(Aqintervalle 1\ \&000\ \&\-\ \&999\ \&999\ \&999\&. .sp -Si une seule des variables +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -ou +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -est configur\('ee, alors cette valeur sera utilis\('ee\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Si +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, la valeur la plus \('elev\('ee sera utilis\('ee\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" .PP @@ -207,4 +208,5 @@ Configuration de la suite des mots de passe cach\('es \(Fo\ \&shadow password\ \ .PP \fBpasswd\fR(1), \fBnewusers\fR(8), -\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&. +\fBlogin.defs\fR(5), +\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&. diff --git a/man/fr/man8/faillog.8 b/man/fr/man8/faillog.8 index ae35a7d2..e8f70979 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/faillog.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/faillog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "FAILLOG" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "FAILLOG" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -35,32 +35,33 @@ faillog \- Examiner le fichier faillog, et configurer les limites d\*(Aq\('echec .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP \fBfaillog\fR -affiche le contenu du journal des \('echecs de connexion (/var/log/faillog)\&. Il peut aussi configurer le d\('ecompte et les limitations de ces \('echecs\&. Ex\('ecuter +displays the contents of the failure log database (/var/log/faillog)\&. It can also set the failure counters and limits\&. When \fBfaillog\fR -sans argument n\*(Aqaffiche que la liste des \('echecs des utilisateurs qui ont d\('ej\(`a eu un \('echec de connexion\&. +is run without arguments, it only displays the faillog records of the users who had a login failure\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBfaillog\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR .RS 4 -Afficher (ou agir sur) les enregistrements d\*(Aqerreurs de connexion pour tous les utilisateurs ayant une entr\('ee dans la base de donn\('ees -faillog\&. +Display (or act on) faillog records for all users having an entry in the +faillog +database\&. .sp -La liste des utilisateurs peut \(^etre limit\('ee avec l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-u\fR\&. +The range of users can be restricted with the +\fB\-u\fR +option\&. .sp En mode affichage, toujours limit\('ee aux utilisateurs existants, mais l\*(Aqaffichage des entr\('ees d\*(Aqerreur de connexion est impos\('e m\(^eme si elles sont vides\&. .sp -Avec les options +With the \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-m\fR, -\fB\-r\fR -ou +\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-t\fR -les enregistrements des utilisateurs sont modifi\('es, m\(^eme si l\*(Aqutilisateur n\*(Aqexiste pas sur le syst\(`eme\&. C\*(Aqest utile pour remettre \(`a z\('ero les enregistrements des utilisateurs qui ont \('et\('e supprim\('es ou pour mettre en place une politique pr\('eventive pour un ensemble d\*(Aqutilisateurs\&. +options, the users\*(Aq records are changed, even if the user does not exist on the system\&. This is useful to reset records of users that have been deleted or to set a policy in advance for a range of users\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -70,86 +71,88 @@ Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .PP \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-lock\-secs\fR\ \&\fISEC\fR .RS 4 -Verrouiller le compte pendant +Lock account for \fISEC\fR -secondes apr\(`es un \('echec de connexion\&. +seconds after failed login\&. .sp -L\*(Aqacc\(`es en \('ecriture sur +Write access to /var/log/faillog -est n\('ecessaire pour cette option\&. +is required for this option\&. .RE .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-maximum\fR\ \&\fIMAX\fR .RS 4 -Configurer le nombre maximum d\*(Aq\('echecs de connexion apr\(`es lequel le compte sera d\('esactiv\('e \(`a +Set the maximum number of login failures after the account is disabled to \fIMAX\fR\&. .sp -S\('electionner une valeur +Selecting a \fIMAX\fR -de 0 a pour effet de ne placer aucune limite sur le nombre d\*(Aq\('echecs de connexion\&. +value of 0 has the effect of not placing a limit on the number of failed logins\&. .sp -Le compteur d\*(Aqerreurs maximum doit toujours \(^etre 0 pour +The maximum failure count should always be 0 for \fIroot\fR -afin d\*(Aq\('eviter les attaques de type d\('eni de service sur le syst\(`eme\&. +to prevent a denial of services attack against the system\&. .sp -L\*(Aqacc\(`es en \('ecriture sur +Write access to /var/log/faillog -est n\('ecessaire pour cette option\&. +is required for this option\&. .RE .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-reset\fR .RS 4 Remettre \(`a z\('ero le compteur d\*(Aq\('echecs de connexion\&. .sp -L\*(Aqacc\(`es en \('ecriture sur +Write access to /var/log/faillog -est n\('ecessaire pour cette option\&. +is required for this option\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIJOURS\fR +\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -Afficher les entr\('ees de faillog plus r\('ecentes que -\fIJOURS\fR\&. +Display faillog records more recent than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIINTERVALLE\fR +\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIRANGE\fR .RS 4 -Afficher l\*(Aqentr\('ee de faillog ou maintient le d\('ecompte et les limitations (suivant que l\*(Aqoption +Display faillog record or maintains failure counters and limits (if used with \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-m\fR -ou +or \fB\-r\fR -est utilis\('ee) seulement pour les utilisateurs indiqu\('es\&. +options) only for the specified user(s)\&. .sp -Les utilisateurs peuvent \(^etre pr\('ecis\('es par un nom de connexion, un identifiant num\('erique d\*(Aqutilisateur ou un -\fIINTERVALLE\fR -d\*(Aqutilisateurs\&. Cet -\fIINTERVALLE\fR -d\*(Aqutilisateurs peut \(^etre pr\('ecis\('e avec des valeurs minimale et maximale (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), seulement une valeur maximale (\fI\-UID_MAX\fR) ou une valeur minimale (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR)\&. +The users can be specified by a login name, a numerical user ID, or a +\fIRANGE\fR +of users\&. This +\fIRANGE\fR +of users can be specified with a min and max values (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), a max value (\fI\-UID_MAX\fR), or a min value (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR)\&. .RE .PP -Quand aucune des options +When none of the \fB\-l\fR, -\fB\-m\fR -ou +\fB\-m\fR, or \fB\-r\fR -n\*(Aqest utilis\('ee, +options are used, \fBfaillog\fR -affiche l\*(Aqenregistrement des \('echecs de connexion des utilisateurs pr\('ecis\('es\&. +displays the faillog record of the specified user(s)\&. .SH "AVERTISSEMENTS" .PP \fBfaillog\fR -n\*(Aqaffiche que les utilisateurs n\*(Aqayant pas eu de connexion r\('eussie depuis leur dernier \('echec\&. Pour afficher un utilisateur ayant eu une connexion r\('eussie depuis son dernier \('echec, vous devez explicitement demander cet utilisateur avec l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-u\fR, ou demander l\*(Aqaffichage de tous les utilisateurs avec l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-a\fR\&. +only prints out users with no successful login since the last failure\&. To print out a user who has had a successful login since their last failure, you must explicitly request the user with the +\fB\-u\fR +flag, or print out all users with the +\fB\-a\fR +flag\&. .SH "FICHIERS" .PP /var/log/faillog diff --git a/man/fr/man8/groupadd.8 b/man/fr/man8/groupadd.8 index 72b8bb55..4bafcd1d 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/groupadd.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/groupadd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupadd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,35 +34,36 @@ groupadd \- Cr\('eer un nouveau groupe \fBgroupadd\fR [\fIoptions\fR] \fIgroupe\fR .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBgroupadd\fR -cr\('ee un nouveau compte de groupe en utilisant les valeurs sp\('ecifi\('ees sur la ligne de commande et les valeurs par d\('efaut du syst\(`eme\&. Le nouveau groupe sera ins\('er\('e dans les fichiers du syst\(`eme selon les besoins\&. +command creates a new group account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system\&. The new group will be entered into the system files as needed\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBgroupadd\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR .RS 4 -Avec cette option, la commande quittera juste avec un \('etat de succ\(`es si le groupe indiqu\('e existe d\('ej\(`a\&. Avec l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-g\fR, si l\*(Aqidentifiant de groupe indiqu\('e existe d\('ej\(`a, un autre identifiant de groupe (non utilis\('e) sera choisi (c\&.\-\(`a\-d\&. que +This option causes the command to simply exit with success status if the specified group already exists\&. When used with +\fB\-g\fR, and the specified GID already exists, another (unique) GID is chosen (i\&.e\&. \fB\-g\fR -est d\('esactiv\('ee)\&. +is turned off)\&. .RE .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGID\fR .RS 4 -La valeur num\('erique de l\*(Aqidentifiant du groupe (\(Fo\ \&group ID\ \&\(Fc ou GID)\&. Cette valeur doit \(^etre unique, sauf si l\*(Aqoption +The numerical value of the group\*(Aqs ID\&. This value must be unique, unless the \fB\-o\fR -est utilis\('ee\&. La valeur ne doit pas \(^etre n\('egative\&. Par d\('efaut, le plus petit identifiant sup\('erieur au +option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to \fBGID_MIN\fR -et aux identifiants des groupes existants est utilis\('e\&. +and greater than every other group\&. .sp -Voir aussi aussi la description des options +See also the \fB\-r\fR -et -\fBGID_MAX\fR\&. +option and the +\fBGID_MAX\fR +description\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -70,20 +71,21 @@ et Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fICL\('E\fR=\fIVALEUR\fR +\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIKEY\fR=\fIVALUE\fR .RS 4 -Surcharger les valeurs par d\('efaut du fichier +Overrides /etc/login\&.defs -(GID_MIN, GID_MAX et autres)\&. L\*(Aqoption +defaults (GID_MIN, GID_MAX and others)\&. Multiple \fB\-K\fR -peut \(^etre indiqu\('ee plusieurs fois\&. +options can be specified\&. .sp -Exemple\ \&: -\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI10\fR\ \&\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR +Example: +\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR\ \& +\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR .sp -Remarque\ \&: +Note: \fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI10\fR,\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR -ne fonctionne pas pour l\*(Aqinstant\&. +doesn\*(Aqt work yet\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR @@ -91,13 +93,13 @@ ne fonctionne pas pour l\*(Aqinstant\&. Cette option permet d\*(Aqajouter un groupe avec un identifiant (\(Fo\ \&GID\ \&\(Fc) d\('ej\(`a utilis\('e\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIMOT_DE_PASSE\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -Le mot de passe chiffr\('e, comme renvoy\('e par -\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. Le comportement par d\('efaut est de d\('esactiver le mot de passe\&. +The encrypted password, as returned by +\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. The default is to disable the password\&. .sp -\fBRemarque\ \&:\fR -l\*(Aqutilisation de cette option est d\('econseill\('ee car le mot de passe (ou le mot de passe chiffr\('e) peut \(^etre visible des utilisateurs qui affichent la liste des processus\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Il est n\('ecessaire de v\('erifier si le mot de passe respecte la politique de mots de passe du syst\(`eme\&. .RE @@ -106,18 +108,20 @@ Il est n\('ecessaire de v\('erifier si le mot de passe respecte la politique de .RS 4 Cr\('eer un groupe syst\(`eme\&. .sp -Les identifiants num\('eriques des nouveaux groupes syst\(`emes sont choisis dans l\*(Aqintervalle -\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR, d\('efini dans -login\&.defs, au lieu de -\fBGID_MIN\fR\-\fBGID_MAX\fR +The numeric identifiers of new system groups are chosen in the +\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR +range, defined in +login\&.defs, instead of +\fBGID_MIN\fR\-\fBGID_MAX\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -130,30 +134,28 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBGID_MIN\fR (nombre) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Plage d\*(Aqidentifiants num\('eriques de groupes que les commandes +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -ou -\fBnewusers\fR -peuvent utiliser pour la cr\('eation des groupes normaux\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -La valeur par d\('efaut pour +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -(respectivement -\fBGID_MAX\fR) est 1000 (respectivement 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (nombre) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Nombre maximum de membres par entr\('ee de groupe\&. Lorsque le maximum est atteint, une nouvelle entr\('ee de groupe (ligne) est d\('emarr\('ee dans +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(avec le m\(^eme nom, m\(^eme mot de passe, et m\(^eme GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&. .sp @@ -164,19 +166,17 @@ Si vous avez besoin de configurer cette limite, vous pouvez utiliser 25\&. Remarque\ \&: les groupes d\('ecoup\('es ne sont peut\-\(^etre pas pris en charge par tous les outils (m\(^eme dans la suite d\*(Aqoutils Shadow)\&. Vous ne devriez pas utiliser cette variable, sauf si vous en avez vraiment besoin\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (nombre) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Plage d\*(Aqidentifiants num\('eriques de groupes que les commandes +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -ou -\fBnewusers\fR -peuvent utiliser pour la cr\('eation de groupes syst\(`eme\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -La valeur par d\('efaut pour +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -(respectivement -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) est 101 (respectivement +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" @@ -199,49 +199,49 @@ Configuration de la suite des mots de passe cach\('es \(Fo\ \&shadow password\ \ .PP Les noms de groupe doivent commencer par une lettre minuscule ou un tiret bas (\(Fo\ \&underscore\ \&\(Fc), et seuls des lettres minuscules, des chiffres, des \(Fo\ \&underscore\ \&\(Fc, ou des tirets peuvent suivre\&. Ils peuvent se terminer par un signe dollar\&. Soit, sous la forme d\*(Aqune expression rationnelle\ \&: [a\-z_][a\-z0\-9_\-]*[$]? .PP -Les noms de groupe sont limit\('es \(`a 16 caract\(`eres\&. +Groupnames may only be up to 16 characters long\&. .PP Vous ne pouvez pas ajouter d\*(Aqutilisateur \(`a un groupe NIS ou LDAP\&. Cela doit \(^etre effectu\('e sur le serveur correspondant\&. .PP -Si le nom du groupe existe dans une base de donn\('ees externe, telle que NIS ou LDAP, +If the groupname already exists in an external group database such as NIS or LDAP, \fBgroupadd\fR -refusera de cr\('eer le groupe\&. +will deny the group creation request\&. .SH "VALEURS DE RETOUR" .PP -La commande +The \fBgroupadd\fR -retourne les valeurs suivantes en quittant\ \&: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -succ\(`es +success .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -erreur de syntaxe +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -param\(`etre non valable pour l\*(Aqoption +invalid argument to option .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -GID d\('ej\(`a utilis\('e (et +GID not unique (when \fB\-o\fR -n\*(Aqest pas utilis\('e) +not used) .RE .PP \fI9\fR .RS 4 -nom de groupe d\('ej\(`a utilis\('e +group name not unique .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -impossible de mettre \(`a jour le fichier des groupes +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .SH "VOIR AUSSI" .PP diff --git a/man/fr/man8/groupdel.8 b/man/fr/man8/groupdel.8 index ec20c49f..0607aea1 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/groupdel.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/groupdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,27 +34,28 @@ groupdel \- Supprimer un groupe \fBgroupdel\fR [\fIoptions\fR] \fIGROUPE\fR .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBgroupdel\fR -modifie les fichiers d\*(Aqadministration des comptes du syst\(`eme, en supprimant les entr\('ees qui se r\('ef\(`erent \(`a -\fIgroupe\fR\&. Le groupe indiqu\('e doit exister\&. +command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to +\fIGROUP\fR\&. The named group must exist\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBgroupdel\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -72,15 +73,15 @@ Vous ne pouvez pas supprimer le groupe primaire d\*(Aqun utilisateur existant\&. Vous devriez v\('erifier vous\-m\(^eme qu\*(Aqaucun fichier poss\('ed\('e par le groupe ne subsiste sur tous les syst\(`emes de fichiers\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (nombre) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Nombre maximum de membres par entr\('ee de groupe\&. Lorsque le maximum est atteint, une nouvelle entr\('ee de groupe (ligne) est d\('emarr\('ee dans +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(avec le m\(^eme nom, m\(^eme mot de passe, et m\(^eme GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&. .sp @@ -103,33 +104,33 @@ Informations s\('ecuris\('ees sur les groupes\&. .RE .SH "VALEURS DE RETOUR" .PP -La commande +The \fBgroupdel\fR -renvoie les valeurs suivantes en quittant\ \&: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -succ\(`es +success .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -erreur de syntaxe +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -le groupe sp\('ecifi\('e n\*(Aqexiste pas +specified group doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI8\fR .RS 4 -impossible de supprimer le groupe primaire d\*(Aqun utilisateur existant +can\*(Aqt remove user\*(Aqs primary group .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -impossible de mettre \(`a jour le fichier des groupes +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .SH "VOIR AUSSI" .PP diff --git a/man/fr/man8/groupmems.8 b/man/fr/man8/groupmems.8 index 62fbfd68..f8c88186 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/groupmems.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/groupmems.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmems .\" Author: George Kraft, IV .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "GROUPMEMS" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "GROUPMEMS" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,47 +31,51 @@ groupmems \- Administrer les membres du groupe primaire d\*(Aqun utilisateur .SH "SYNOPSIS" .HP \w'\fBgroupmems\fR\ 'u -\fBgroupmems\fR \-a\ \fInom_utilisateur\fR | \-d\ \fInom_utilisateur\fR | [\-g\ \fInom_groupe\fR] | \-l | \-p +\fBgroupmems\fR \-a\ \fIuser_name\fR | \-d\ \fIuser_name\fR | [\-g\ \fIgroup_name\fR] | \-l | \-p .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBgroupmems\fR -permet \(`a un utilisateur d\*(Aqadministrer la liste des membres de son propre groupe sans avoir les privil\(`eges du superutilisateur\&. L\*(Aqutilitaire +command allows a user to administer their own group membership list without the requirement of superuser privileges\&. The \fBgroupmems\fR -a \('et\('e con\(,cu pour les syst\(`emes qui mettent les utilisateurs dans des groupes primaires du m\(^eme nom qu\*(Aqil doivent pouvoir g\('erer (par exemple guest/guest)\&. +utility is for systems that configure its users to be in their own name sake primary group (i\&.e\&., guest / guest)\&. .PP -Seul le superutilisateur, en tant qu\*(Aqadministrateur, peut utiliser +Only the superuser, as administrator, can use \fBgroupmems\fR -pour modifier la liste des membres d\*(Aqun autre groupe\&. +to alter the memberships of other groups\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBgroupmems\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP -\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fInom_utilisateur\fR +\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIuser_name\fR .RS 4 Ajouter un utilisateur \(`a la liste des membres du groupe\&. .sp -Si le fichier +If the /etc/gshadow -existe, et que le groupe n\*(Aqy a pas d\*(Aqentr\('ee, une nouvelle entr\('ee sera cr\('e\('ee\&. +file exist, and the group has no entry in the +/etc/gshadow +file, a new entry will be created\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fInom_utilisateur\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fIuser_name\fR .RS 4 Supprimer un utilisateur de la liste des membres du groupe\&. .sp -Si le fichier +If the /etc/gshadow -existe, l\*(Aqutilisateur sera retir\('e de la liste des membres et des administrateurs du groupe\&. +file exist, the user will be removed from the list of members and administrators of the group\&. .sp -Si le fichier +If the +/etc/gshadow +file exist, and the group has no entry in the /etc/gshadow -existe, et que le groupe n\*(Aqy a pas d\*(Aqentr\('ee, une nouvelle entr\('ee sera cr\('e\('ee\&. +file, a new entry will be created\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR\ \&\fInom_groupe\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR\ \&\fIgroup_name\fR .RS 4 Le superutilisateur peut pr\('eciser la liste des membres du groupe \(`a modifier\&. .RE @@ -90,32 +94,35 @@ Afficher la liste des membres du groupe\&. .RS 4 Supprimer tous les utilisateurs de la liste des membres du groupe\&. .sp -Si le fichier +If the +/etc/gshadow +file exist, and the group has no entry in the /etc/gshadow -existe, et que le groupe n\*(Aqy a pas d\*(Aqentr\('ee, une nouvelle entr\('ee sera cr\('e\('ee\&. +file, a new entry will be created\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -L\*(Aqex\('ecutable +The \fBgroupmems\fR -doit \(^etre install\('e en mode +executable should be in mode 2770 -avec pour utilisateur +as user \fIroot\fR -et pour groupe -\fIgroups\fR\&. L\*(Aqadministrateur syst\(`eme peut ajouter des utilisateurs au groupe +and in group +\fIgroups\fR\&. The system administrator can add users to group \fIgroups\fR -pour leur permettre ou leur interdire d\*(Aqutiliser +to allow or disallow them using the \fBgroupmems\fR -pour g\('erer leur propre liste de membres du groupe\&. +utility to manage their own group membership list\&. .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -132,15 +139,15 @@ pour g\('erer leur propre liste de membres du groupe\&. .\} .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (nombre) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Nombre maximum de membres par entr\('ee de groupe\&. Lorsque le maximum est atteint, une nouvelle entr\('ee de groupe (ligne) est d\('emarr\('ee dans +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(avec le m\(^eme nom, m\(^eme mot de passe, et m\(^eme GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&. .sp diff --git a/man/fr/man8/groupmod.8 b/man/fr/man8/groupmod.8 index a0f96df3..6cd934bf 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/groupmod.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/groupmod.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmod .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "GROUPMOD" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "GROUPMOD" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,41 +34,41 @@ groupmod \- Modifier la d\('efinition d\*(Aqun groupe du syst\(`eme \fBgroupmod\fR [\fIoptions\fR] \fIGROUPE\fR .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBgroupmod\fR -modifie la d\('efinition du -\fIGROUPE\fR -sp\('ecifi\('e en modifiant l\*(Aqentr\('ee correspondante de la base de donn\('ees des groupes\&. +command modifies the definition of the specified +\fIGROUP\fR +by modifying the appropriate entry in the group database\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBgroupmod\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGID\fR .RS 4 -L\*(Aqidentifiant num\('erique du groupe -\fIGROUPE\fR -sera modifi\('e vers +The group ID of the given +\fIGROUP\fR +will be changed to \fIGID\fR\&. .sp -La valeur de +The value of \fIGID\fR -doit \(^etre un nombre d\('ecimal positif\&. Cette valeur doit \(^etre unique, \(`a moins que l\*(Aqoption +must be a non\-negative decimal integer\&. This value must be unique, unless the \fB\-o\fR -ne soit utilis\('ee\&. +option is used\&. .sp Les utilisateurs qui utilisent ce groupe comme groupe primaire seront mis \(`a jour pour garder le groupe comme groupe primaire\&. .sp -Vous devrez modifier vous\-m\(^eme l\*(Aqidentifiant de groupe des fichiers ayant l\*(Aqancien identifiant de groupe qui doivent continuer \(`a appartenir au -\fIGROUPE\fR\&. +Any files that have the old group ID and must continue to belong to +\fIGROUP\fR, must have their group ID changed manually\&. .sp -Aucun contr\(^ole ne sera effectu\('e sur les valeurs de +No checks will be performed with regard to the \fBGID_MIN\fR, \fBGID_MAX\fR, -\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR, ou +\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR, or \fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR -du fichier +from /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP @@ -77,37 +77,42 @@ du fichier Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-new\-name\fR\ \&\fINOUVEAU_NOM_GROUPE\fR +\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-new\-name\fR\ \&\fINEW_GROUP\fR .RS 4 -Le nom du groupe sera modifi\('e de -\fIGROUPE\fR -vers -\fINOUVEAU_NOM_GROUPE\fR\&. +The name of the group will be changed from +\fIGROUP\fR +to +\fINEW_GROUP\fR +name\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR .RS 4 -En combinaison avec l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-g\fR, cette option permet de changer l\*(Aqidentifiant du groupe (\fIGID\fR) vers une valeur d\('ej\(`a utilis\('ee\&. +When used with the +\fB\-g\fR +option, allow to change the group +\fIGID\fR +to a non\-unique value\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIMOT_DE_PASSE\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -Mot de passe chiffr\('e, comme renvoy\('e par +The encrypted password, as returned by \fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. .sp -\fBRemarque\ \&:\fR -l\*(Aqutilisation de cette option est d\('econseill\('ee car le mot de passe (ou le mot de passe chiffr\('e) peut \(^etre visible des utilisateurs qui affichent la liste des processus\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Il est n\('ecessaire de v\('erifier si le mot de passe respecte la politique de mots de passe du syst\(`eme\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -120,15 +125,15 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (nombre) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Nombre maximum de membres par entr\('ee de groupe\&. Lorsque le maximum est atteint, une nouvelle entr\('ee de groupe (ligne) est d\('emarr\('ee dans +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(avec le m\(^eme nom, m\(^eme mot de passe, et m\(^eme GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&. .sp @@ -161,9 +166,9 @@ Informations sur les comptes des utilisateurs\&. .RE .SH "VALEURS DE RETOUR" .PP -La commande +The \fBgroupmod\fR -retourne les valeurs suivantes en quittant\ \&: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 diff --git a/man/fr/man8/grpck.8 b/man/fr/man8/grpck.8 index 744d66f2..f56ba6d7 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/grpck.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/grpck.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: grpck .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "GRPCK" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "GRPCK" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ grpck \- V\('erifier l\*(Aqint\('egrit\('e des fichiers d\*(Aqadministration des \fBgrpck\fR [options] [\fIgroupe\fR\ [\ \fIshadow\fR\ ]] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBgrpck\fR -v\('erifie l\*(Aqint\('egrit\('e des informations sur les groupes du syst\(`eme\&. Toutes les entr\('ees de +command verifies the integrity of the groups information\&. It checks that all entries in /etc/group -et /etc/gshadow -sont v\('erifi\('ees afin de s\*(Aqassurer qu\*(Aqelles ont le bon format et qu\*(Aqelles contiennent des donn\('ees valables dans chaque champ\&. Une confirmation de l\*(Aqutilisateur sera demand\('ee pour d\('etruire les entr\('ees mal format\('ees ou ayant d\*(Aqautres erreurs non r\('ecup\('erables\&. +and /etc/gshadow +have the proper format and contain valid data\&. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors\&. .PP Voici les v\('erifications effectu\('ees\ \&: .sp @@ -73,8 +73,8 @@ unicit\('e et validit\('e des noms de groupe\ \&; .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -validit\('e des identifiants de groupe -(seulement /etc/group)\ \&; +a valid group identifier +(/etc/group only) .RE .sp .RS 4 @@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ validit\('e des identifiants de groupe .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -validit\('e de la liste de membres -et d\*(Aqadministrateurs\ \&; +a valid list of members +and administrators .RE .sp .RS 4 @@ -97,36 +97,36 @@ et d\*(Aqadministrateurs\ \&; .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -correspondance d\*(Aqentr\('ee dans le fichier +a corresponding entry in the /etc/gshadow -(respectivement +file (respectively /etc/group -pour les v\('erifications de -gshadow)\&. +for the +gshadow +checks) .RE .PP -Une erreur dans le nombre de champs ou la non unicit\('e d\*(Aqun nom de groupe sera fatale\&. Si le nombre de champs n\*(Aqest pas correct, il sera demand\('e \(`a l\*(Aqutilisateur de supprimer la ligne\&. Si l\*(Aqutilisateur ne r\('epond pas par l\*(Aqaffirmative, les v\('erifications suivantes ne seront pas effectu\('ees\&. Il sera \('egalement demand\('e de supprimer les entr\('ees correspondant aux noms de groupe redondants, mais dans ce cas, les autres v\('erifications seront effectu\('ees\&. Toutes les autres erreurs ne sont que des avertissements et l\*(Aqutilisateur est encourag\('e \(`a utiliser +The checks for correct number of fields and unique group name are fatal\&. If an entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line\&. If the user does not answer affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed\&. An entry with a duplicated group name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made\&. All other errors are warnings and the user is encouraged to run the \fBgroupmod\fR -pour les corriger\&. +command to correct the error\&. .PP -Les commandes qui op\(`erent sur -les fichiers +The commands which operate on the /etc/group -et /etc/gshadow -ne peuvent pas modifier les entr\('ees corrompues ou redondantes\&. +and /etc/gshadow files +are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries\&. \fBgrpck\fR -doit \(^etre utilis\('ee dans ce cas pour supprimer ces entr\('ees\&. +should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entries\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options +The \fB\-r\fR -et +and \fB\-s\fR -ne peuvent pas \(^etre combin\('ees\&. +options cannot be combined\&. .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBgrpck\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -135,48 +135,48 @@ Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-read\-only\fR .RS 4 -Ex\('ecute la commande +Execute the \fBgrpck\fR -en mode lecture seule\&. Cela signifie qu\*(Aq\(`a toutes les questions concernant des modifications il sera r\('epondu +command in read\-only mode\&. This causes all questions regarding changes to be answered \fIno\fR -sans l\*(Aqintervention de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. +without user intervention\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sort\fR .RS 4 -Trie les entr\('ees de +Sort entries in /etc/group -et /etc/gshadow -par GID\&. +and /etc/gshadow +by GID\&. .RE .PP -Par d\('efaut, +By default, \fBgrpck\fR -op\(`ere sur +operates on /etc/group -et /etc/gshadow\&. L\*(Aqutilisateur peut pr\('eciser d\*(Aqautres fichiers avec -les param\(`etres +and /etc/gshadow\&. The user may select alternate files with the \fIgroup\fR -et \fIshadow\fR\&. +and \fIshadow\fR parameters\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (nombre) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Nombre maximum de membres par entr\('ee de groupe\&. Lorsque le maximum est atteint, une nouvelle entr\('ee de groupe (ligne) est d\('emarr\('ee dans +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(avec le m\(^eme nom, m\(^eme mot de passe, et m\(^eme GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&. .sp @@ -204,43 +204,44 @@ Informations sur les comptes des utilisateurs\&. .RE .SH "VALEURS DE RETOUR" .PP -La commande +The \fBgrpck\fR -renvoie les valeurs suivantes en quittant\ \&: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -succ\(`es +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -erreur de syntaxe +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -une entr\('ee de groupe ou plus est incorrecte +one or more bad group entries .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -impossible d\*(Aqouvrir les fichiers group +can\*(Aqt open group files .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -impossible de verrouiller les fichiers group +can\*(Aqt lock group files .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -impossible de mettre \(`a jour les fichiers group +can\*(Aqt update group files .RE .SH "VOIR AUSSI" .PP \fBgroup\fR(5), \fBgroupmod\fR(8), -\fBgshadow\fR(5),\fBpasswd\fR(5), +\fBgshadow\fR(5), +\fBpasswd\fR(5), \fBpwck\fR(8), \fBshadow\fR(5)\&. diff --git a/man/fr/man8/lastlog.8 b/man/fr/man8/lastlog.8 index 588fb0a6..2ca8287b 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/lastlog.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/lastlog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: lastlog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "LASTLOG" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "LASTLOG" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -35,29 +35,31 @@ lastlog \- signaler les connexions les plus r\('ecentes de tous les utilisateurs .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP \fBlastlog\fR -affiche le contenu du journal des derni\(`eres connexions (/var/log/lastlog)\&. Les champs -\fIUtilisateur\fR, -\fIPort\fR, date de -\fIDerni\(`ere\fR -connexion sont affich\('es\&. Par d\('efaut (aucune option de sp\('ecifi\('ee), les entr\('ees de lastlog sont affich\('ees tri\('ees par ordre d\*(Aqapparition dans +formats and prints the contents of the last login log +/var/log/lastlog +file\&. The +\fIlogin\-name\fR, +\fIport\fR, and +\fIlast login time\fR +will be printed\&. The default (no flags) causes lastlog entries to be printed, sorted by their order in /etc/passwd\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBlastlog\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP -\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-before\fR\ \&\fIJOURS\fR +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-before\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -N\*(Aqafficher que les entr\('ees du fichier lastlog plus anciennes que -\fIJOURS\fR\&. +Print only lastlog records older than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-C\fR, \fB\-\-clear\fR .RS 4 -Vide l\*(Aqenregistrement laslog d\*(Aqun utilisateur\&. Vous ne pouvez utiliser cette option qu\*(Aqen association avec les options +Clear lastlog record of a user\&. This option can be used only together with \fB\-u\fR -(\fB\-\-user\fR)\&. +(\fB\-\-user\fR))\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -65,56 +67,56 @@ Vide l\*(Aqenregistrement laslog d\*(Aqun utilisateur\&. Vous ne pouvez utiliser Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-S\fR, \fB\-\-set\fR .RS 4 -D\('efinit l\*(Aqenregistrement lastlog d\*(Aqun utilisateur (sa derni\(`ere connexion) \(`a l\*(Aqheure actuelle\&. Cette option ne peut \(^etre utilis\('ee que combin\('ee \(`a +Set lastlog record of a user to the current time\&. This option can be used only together with \fB\-u\fR -(\fB\-\-user\fR)\&. +(\fB\-\-user\fR))\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIJOURS\fR +\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -Afficher les entr\('ees du fichier lastlog plus r\('ecentes que -\fIJOURS\fR\&. +Print the lastlog records more recent than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIINTERVALLE\fR +\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIRANGE\fR .RS 4 N\*(Aqafficher que les entr\('ees correspondant aux utilisateurs indiqu\('es\&. .sp -Les utilisateurs peuvent \(^etre pr\('ecis\('es par un nom de connexion, un identifiant num\('erique d\*(Aqutilisateur ou un -\fIINTERVALLE\fR -d\*(Aqutilisateurs\&. Cet -\fIINTERVALLE\fR -d\*(Aqutilisateurs peut \(^etre pr\('ecis\('e avec des valeurs minimale et maximale (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), seulement une valeur maximale (\fI\-UID_MAX\fR) ou une valeur minimale (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR)\&. +The users can be specified by a login name, a numerical user ID, or a +\fIRANGE\fR +of users\&. This +\fIRANGE\fR +of users can be specified with a min and max values (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), a max value (\fI\-UID_MAX\fR), or a min value (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR)\&. .RE .PP -Dans le cas o\(`u l\*(Aqutilisateur ne s\*(Aqest jamais connect\('e, le message \(Fo\ \&\fI**Never logged in**\fR\ \&\(Fc (\(Fo\ \&\fI**Jamais connect\('e**\fR\ \&\(Fc) est affich\('e \(`a la place des champs -\fIPort\fR -et date de -\fIDerni\(`ere\fR -connexion\&. +If the user has never logged in the message +\fI** Never logged in**\fR +will be displayed instead of the port and time\&. .PP Seules les entr\('ees pour les utilisateurs actuels du syst\(`eme seront affich\('ees\&. D\*(Aqautres entr\('ees peuvent exister pour les utilisateurs supprim\('es pr\('ec\('edemment\&. .SH "NOTE" .PP -Le fichier +The lastlog -est une base de donn\('ees qui contient des informations concernant la derni\(`ere connexion de chaque utilisateur\&. Vous n\*(Aqavez pas \(`a faire de rotation (avec -\fBlogrotate\fR) sur ce fichier\&. C\*(Aqest un fichier \(Fo\ \&creux\ \&\(Fc, donc sa taille sur le disque est bien plus petite que celle affich\('ee par \(Fo\ \&\fBls \-l\fR\ \&\(Fc (qui peut indiquer un tr\(`es gros fichier si vous avez des utilisateurs avec des UID \('elev\('es)\&. Vous pouvez afficher sa taille r\('eelle avec \(Fo\ \&\fBls \-s\fR\ \&\(Fc\&. +file is a database which contains info on the last login of each user\&. You should not rotate it\&. It is a sparse file, so its size on the disk is usually much smaller than the one shown by "\fBls \-l\fR" (which can indicate a really big file if you have in +passwd +users with a high UID)\&. You can display its real size with "\fBls \-s\fR"\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number) .RS 4 diff --git a/man/fr/man8/logoutd.8 b/man/fr/man8/logoutd.8 index 4081582f..db991171 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/logoutd.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/logoutd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: logoutd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -35,15 +35,15 @@ logoutd \- Imposer les restrictions de connexion dans le temps .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP \fBlogoutd\fR -impose les restrictions (sur les ports, la date et l\*(Aqheure de connexion) sp\('ecifi\('ees dans +enforces the login time and port restrictions specified in /etc/porttime\&. \fBlogoutd\fR -doit \(^etre d\('emarr\('e depuis -/etc/rc\&. Il analyse le fichier +should be started from +/etc/rc\&. The /var/run/utmp -r\('eguli\(`erement et, pour chaque utilisateur, il v\('erifie que ce nom d\*(Aqutilisateur est autoris\('e \(`a \(^etre connect\('e \(`a ce port \(`a ce moment\&. Toute session en violation avec les restrictions de +file is scanned periodically and each user name is checked to see if the named user is permitted on the named port at the current time\&. Any login session which is violating the restrictions in /etc/porttime -est termin\('ee\&. +is terminated\&. .SH "FICHIERS" .PP /etc/porttime diff --git a/man/fr/man8/newusers.8 b/man/fr/man8/newusers.8 index a1bbf151..2ab4c1b6 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/newusers.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/newusers.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newusers .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "NEWUSERS" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "NEWUSERS" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,10 +34,12 @@ newusers \- Mettre \(`a jour, ou cr\('eer de nouveaux utilisateurs par lots \fBnewusers\fR [\fIoptions\fR] [\fIfichier\fR] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBnewusers\fR -lit un -\fIfichier\fR\fI\fI (ou l\*(Aqentr\('ee standard par d\('efaut) et utilise ces informations pour mettre \(`a jour un groupe d\*(Aqutilisateurs existants ou pour cr\('eer de nouveaux utilisateurs\&. Chaque ligne est au m\(^eme format que le fichier des mots de passe (consultez \fR\fI\fBpasswd\fR(5)\fR\fI) avec les exceptions suivantes\ \&:\fR\fR +command reads a +\fIfile\fR +(or the standard input by default) and uses this information to update a set of existing users or to create new users\&. Each line is in the same format as the standard password file (see +\fBpasswd\fR(5)) with the exceptions explained below: .PP pw_name:pw_passwd:pw_uid:pw_gid:pw_gecos:pw_dir:pw_shell .PP @@ -45,8 +47,8 @@ pw_name:pw_passwd:pw_uid:pw_gid:pw_gecos:pw_dir:pw_shell .RS 4 C\*(Aqest le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .sp -Il peut s\*(Aqagir du nom d\*(Aqun nouvel utilisateur ou du nom d\*(Aqun utilisateur existant (ou d\*(Aqun utilisateur cr\('e\('e pr\('ec\('edemment par -\fBnewusers\fR)\&. Dans le cas d\*(Aqun utilisateur existant, les informations de l\*(Aqutilisateur seront modifi\('ees, sinon un nouvel utilisateur sera cr\('e\('e\&. +It can be the name of a new user or the name of an existing user (or a user created before by +\fBnewusers\fR)\&. In case of an existing user, the user\*(Aqs information will be changed, otherwise a new user will be created\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_passwd\fR @@ -58,13 +60,13 @@ Ce champ sera chiffr\('e et utilis\('e comme nouvelle valeur du mot de passe chi .RS 4 Ce champ est utilis\('e pour d\('efinir l\*(AqUID de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .sp -Si ce champ est vide, un nouvel UID (non utilis\('e) sera d\('efini automatiquement par +If the field is empty, a new (unused) UID will be defined automatically by \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp Si ce champ contient un nombre, ce nombre sera utilis\('e comme UID\&. .sp -Si ce champ contient le nom d\*(Aqun utilisateur existant (ou le nom d\*(Aqun utilisateur cr\('e\('e pr\('ec\('edemment par -\fBnewusers\fR), l\*(AqUID de l\*(Aqutilisateur indiqu\('e sera utilis\('e\&. +If this field contains the name of an existing user (or the name of a user created before by +\fBnewusers\fR), the UID of the specified user will be used\&. .sp Si l\*(AqUID d\*(Aqun utilisateur existant est modifi\('e, vous devrez configurer vous\-m\(^eme le propri\('etaire des fichiers de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .RE @@ -73,19 +75,19 @@ Si l\*(AqUID d\*(Aqun utilisateur existant est modifi\('e, vous devrez configure .RS 4 Ce champ est utilis\('e pour d\('efinir l\*(Aqidentifiant du groupe primaire de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .sp -Si ce champ contient le nom d\*(Aqun groupe existant (ou d\*(Aqun groupe cr\('e\('e pr\('ec\('edemment par -\fBnewusers\fR), le GID de ce groupe sera utilis\('e comme identifiant de groupe primaire pour l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. +If this field contains the name of an existing group (or a group created before by +\fBnewusers\fR), the GID of this group will be used as the primary group ID for the user\&. .sp Si ce champ est un nombre, ce nombre sera utilis\('e comme identifiant de groupe primaire de cet utilisateur\&. Si aucun groupe n\*(Aqexiste avec ce GID, un nouveau groupe sera cr\('e\('e avec ce GID et le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .sp -Si ce champ est vide, un nouveau groupe sera cr\('e\('e avec le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur et un GID sera automatiquement d\('efini par +If this field is empty, a new group will be created with the name of the user and a GID will be automatically defined by \fBnewusers\fR -pour \(^etre utilis\('e comme identifiant de groupe primaire pour l\*(Aqutilisateur et comme GID pour le nouveau groupe\&. +to be used as the primary group ID for the user and as the GID for the new group\&. .sp -Si le champ contient le nom d\*(Aqun groupe qui n\*(Aqexiste pas (et qui n\*(Aqa pas \('et\('e cr\('e\('e pr\('ec\('edemment par -\fBnewusers\fR), un nouveau groupe sera cr\('e\('e avec le nom indiqu\('e et un GID sera automatiquement d\('efini par +If this field contains the name of a group which does not exist (and was not created before by +\fBnewusers\fR), a new group will be created with the specified name and a GID will be automatically defined by \fBnewusers\fR -pour \(^etre utilis\('e comme identifiant de groupe primaire pour l\*(Aqutilisateur et comme identifiant pour le nouveau groupe\&. +to be used as the primary group ID for the user and GID for the new group\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_gecos\fR @@ -99,9 +101,9 @@ Ce champ est utilis\('e pour d\('efinir le r\('epertoire personnel de l\*(Aqutil .sp Si ce champ n\*(Aqindique pas de r\('epertoire existant, le r\('epertoire indiqu\('e est cr\('e\('e, avec comme propri\('etaire l\*(Aqutilisateur en cours de cr\('eation ou mis \(`a jour et son groupe primaire\&. .sp -Si le r\('epertoire personnel d\*(Aqun utilisateur existant est modifi\('e, +If the home directory of an existing user is changed, \fBnewusers\fR -ne d\('eplace ni ne copie le contenu de l\*(Aqancien r\('epertoire personnel \(`a la nouvelle place\&. Vous devrez effectuer cela vous\-m\(^eme\&. +does not move or copy the content of the old directory to the new location\&. This should be done manually\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_shell\fR @@ -110,14 +112,19 @@ Ce champ d\('efinit l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commande de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Au .RE .PP \fBnewusers\fR -essayera d\*(Aqabord de cr\('eer ou de modifier tous les utilisateurs indiqu\('es puis \('ecrira ces modifications dans les bases de donn\('ees d\*(Aqutilisateurs et de groupes\&. Si une erreur survient (en dehors de l\*(Aq\('ecriture finale des bases de donn\('ees), aucune modification ne sera propag\('ee dans les bases de donn\('ees\&. +first tries to create or change all the specified users, and then write these changes to the user or group databases\&. If an error occurs (except in the final writes to the databases), no changes are committed to the databases\&. .PP Cette commande a \('et\('e con\(,cue pour les gros syst\(`emes pour lesquels un grand nombre de comptes sont mis \(`a jour en m\(^eme temps\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBnewusers\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: +.PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR .RS 4 @@ -135,23 +142,24 @@ Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .RS 4 Cr\('eer un compte syst\(`eme\&. .sp -Les utilisateurs syst\(`eme seront cr\('e\('es sans information d\*(Aq\(^age dans -/etc/shadow -et leurs identifiants num\('eriques sont choisis dans l\*(Aqintervalle -\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR, d\('efini dans -login\&.defs, au lieu de +System users will be created with no aging information in +/etc/shadow, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the +\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR +range, defined in +login\&.defs, instead of \fBUID_MIN\fR\-\fBUID_MAX\fR -(et leur +(and their \fBGID\fR -correspondant pour la cr\('eation de groupes)\&. +counterparts for the creation of groups)\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR @@ -164,7 +172,7 @@ Une valeur minimale de 1\ \&000 et une valeur maximale de 999\ \&999\ \&999 sero .sp Vous ne pouvez utiliser cette m\('ethode qu\*(Aqavec les m\('ethodes de chiffrement SHA256 ou SHA512\&. .sp -Par d\('efaut, le nombre de rounds est d\('efini par les variables SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS et SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS dans +By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .SH "AVERTISSEMENTS" @@ -174,43 +182,42 @@ Le fichier d\*(Aqentr\('ee doit \(^etre correctement prot\('eg\('e puisqu\*(Aqil Vous devez vous assurer que les mots de passe et la m\('ethode de chiffrement respectent la politique de mot de passe du syst\(`eme\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 D\('efinir les algorithmes de chiffrement par d\('efaut du syst\(`eme pour coder les mots de passes (si aucun algorithme n\*(Aqa \('et\('e indiqu\('e sur la ligne de commandes)\&. .sp -Les valeurs suivantes sont accept\('ees\ \&: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(par d\('efaut), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Remarque\ \&: ce param\(`etre remplace la variable -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBGID_MIN\fR (nombre) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Plage d\*(Aqidentifiants num\('eriques de groupes que les commandes +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -ou -\fBnewusers\fR -peuvent utiliser pour la cr\('eation des groupes normaux\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -La valeur par d\('efaut pour +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -(respectivement -\fBGID_MAX\fR) est 1000 (respectivement 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (nombre) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Nombre maximum de membres par entr\('ee de groupe\&. Lorsque le maximum est atteint, une nouvelle entr\('ee de groupe (ligne) est d\('emarr\('ee dans +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(avec le m\(^eme nom, m\(^eme mot de passe, et m\(^eme GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&. .sp @@ -221,45 +228,45 @@ Si vous avez besoin de configurer cette limite, vous pouvez utiliser 25\&. Remarque\ \&: les groupes d\('ecoup\('es ne sont peut\-\(^etre pas pris en charge par tous les outils (m\(^eme dans la suite d\*(Aqoutils Shadow)\&. Vous ne devriez pas utiliser cette variable, sauf si vous en avez vraiment besoin\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Indiquer si un mot de passe doit \(^etre chiffr\('e en utilisant l\*(Aqalgorithme bas\('e sur MD5\&. Si configur\('ee \(`a -\fIyes\fR, les nouveaux mots de passe seront chiffr\('es en utilisant l\*(Aqalgorithme bas\('e sur MD5 compatible avec celui utilis\('e par les versions r\('ecentes de FreeBSD\&. Il g\(`ere des mots de passe de longueur illimit\('ee et des cha\(^ines de salage plus longues\&. Configurez\-la \(`a +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to \fIno\fR -pour copier les mots de passe chiffr\('es sur d\*(Aqautres syst\(`emes qui ne comprennent pas le nouvel algorithme\&. la valeur par d\('efaut est +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Cette variable est \('ecras\('ee par la variable +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -ou par toute option de la ligne de commande utilis\('ee pour configurer l\*(Aqalgorithme de chiffrement\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Cette variable est obsol\(`ete\&. Vous devriez utiliser +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre maximum de jours de validit\('e d\*(Aqun mot de passe\&. Apr\(`es cette dur\('ee, une modification du mot de passe est obligatoire\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, la valeur de \-1 est utilis\('ee (ce qui enl\(`eve toute restriction)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre minimum de jours autoris\('e avant la modification d\*(Aqun mot de passe\&. Toute tentative de modification du mot de passe avant cette dur\('ee est rejet\('ee\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, la valeur de \-1 est utilis\('ee (ce qui enl\(`eve toute restriction)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre de jours durant lesquels l\*(Aqutilisateur recevra un avertissement avant que son mot de passe n\*(Aqarrive en fin de validit\('e\&. Une valeur n\('egative signifie qu\*(Aqaucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, aucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (nombre), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (nombre) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Quand +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -est configur\('ee \(`a +is set to \fISHA256\fR -ou -\fISHA512\fR, cela d\('efinit le nombre de rounds de SHA utilis\('es par l\*(Aqalgorithme de chiffrement par d\('efaut (quand le nombre de rounds n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e sur la ligne de commande)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Avec beaucoup de rounds, il est plus difficile de trouver le mot de passe avec une attaque par force brute\&. Veuillez remarquer que plus de ressources processeur seront n\('ecessaires pour authentifier les utilisateurs\&. .sp @@ -267,125 +274,121 @@ Si non pr\('ecis\('ee, la libc utilisera le nombre de rounds par d\('efaut (5000 .sp Les valeurs doivent \(^etre comprises dans l\*(Aqintervalle 1\ \&000\ \&\-\ \&999\ \&999\ \&999\&. .sp -Si une seule des variables +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -ou +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -est configur\('ee, alors cette valeur sera utilis\('ee\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Si +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, la valeur la plus \('elev\('ee sera utilis\('ee\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .PP -\fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (nombre) +\fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (number) .RS 4 -Si +If /etc/subuid -existe, les commandes +exists, the commands \fBuseradd\fR -et +and \fBnewusers\fR -affectent \(`a +(unless the user already have subordinate group IDs) allocate \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR -les GIDs non utilis\('es compris entre +unused group IDs from the range \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR -et +to \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR -pour chaque utilisateur (sauf si l\*(Aqutilisateur a d\('ej\(`a indiqu\('e des IDs de groupes subalternes)\&. +for each new user\&. .sp -Les valeurs par d\('efaut pour +The default values for \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR, -\fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR -et +\fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR, \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR -sont respectivement 100000, 600100000 et 65536\&. +are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR (nombre) +\fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR (number) .RS 4 -Si +If /etc/subuid -existe, les commandes +exists, the commands \fBuseradd\fR -et +and \fBnewusers\fR -affectent \(`a +(unless the user already have subordinate user IDs) allocate \fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR -les UIDs non utilis\('es compris entre +unused user IDs from the range \fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR -et +to \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR -pour chaque utilisateur (sauf si l\*(Aqutilisateur a d\('ej\(`a indiqu\('e des IDs de utilisateurs subalternes)\&. +for each new user\&. .sp -Les valeurs par d\('efaut pour +The default values for \fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR, \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR, -\fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR, sont respectivement 100000, 600100000 et 65536\&. +\fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR +are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (nombre) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Plage d\*(Aqidentifiants num\('eriques de groupes que les commandes +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -ou -\fBnewusers\fR -peuvent utiliser pour la cr\('eation de groupes syst\(`eme\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -La valeur par d\('efaut pour +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -(respectivement -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) est 101 (respectivement +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (nombre) +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Plage d\*(Aqidentifiants num\('eriques d\*(Aqutilisateurs que les commandes +Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by \fBuseradd\fR -ou -\fBnewusers\fR -peuvent utiliser pour la cr\('eation d\*(Aqutilisateurs syst\(`eme\&. +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -La valeur par d\('efaut pour +The default value for \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -(respectivement -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) est 101 (respectivement +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBUID_MIN\fR (nombre) +\fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Plage d\*(Aqidentifiants num\('eriques d\*(Aqutilisateurs que les commandes +Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by \fBuseradd\fR -ou -\fBnewusers\fR -peuvent utiliser pour la cr\('eation d\*(Aqutilisateurs normaux\&. +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -La valeur par d\('efaut de +The default value for \fBUID_MIN\fR -(respectivement -\fBUID_MAX\fR) est 1000 (respectivement 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (nombre) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 Valeur d\*(Aqinitialisation du masque de permissions\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, le masque des permissions sera initialis\('e \(`a 022\&. .sp \fBuseradd\fR -et +and \fBnewusers\fR -utilisent ce masque pour d\('efinir les permissions d\*(Aqacc\(`es des r\('epertoires personnels qu\*(Aqils cr\('eent\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Il est \('egalement utilis\('e par +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -pour d\('efinir l\*(Aqumask initial de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Veuillez noter que cet umask peut \(^etre red\('efini par les GECOS de l\*(Aqutilisateur (si +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -est activ\('e) ou en pr\('ecisant une limite avec l\*(Aqidentifiant +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -dans +identifier in \fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" @@ -428,4 +431,5 @@ IDs de utilisateurs subalternes d\*(Aqun utilisateur\&. .PP \fBlogin.defs\fR(5), \fBpasswd\fR(1), -\fBsubgid\fR(5), \fBsubuid\fR(5),\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&. +\fBsubgid\fR(5), \fBsubuid\fR(5), +\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&. diff --git a/man/fr/man8/nologin.8 b/man/fr/man8/nologin.8 index a4272773..d28894de 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/nologin.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/nologin.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: nologin .\" Author: Nicolas Fran\(,cois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "NOLOGIN" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "NOLOGIN" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ nologin \- refuser poliment une connexion \fBnologin\fR .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBnologin\fR -affiche un message indiquant que le compte n\*(Aqest pas disponible et retourne avec un code non nul\&. Elle peut \(^etre plac\('ee dans le champ indiquant l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes pour les comptes qui ont \('et\('e d\('esactiv\('es\&. +command displays a message that an account is not available and exits non\-zero\&. It is intended as a replacement shell field for accounts that have been disabled\&. .PP -Pour d\('esactiver toutes les connexions, veuillez consulter +To disable all logins, investigate \fBnologin\fR(5)\&. .SH "VOIR AUSSI" .PP @@ -46,6 +46,6 @@ Pour d\('esactiver toutes les connexions, veuillez consulter \fBnologin\fR(5)\&. .SH "HISTORIQUE" .PP -La commande +The \fBnologin\fR -est apparue avec BSD 4\&.4\&. +command appeared in BSD 4\&.4\&. diff --git a/man/fr/man8/pwck.8 b/man/fr/man8/pwck.8 index a801badd..a83e9afe 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/pwck.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/pwck.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: pwck .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "PWCK" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "PWCK" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,13 +34,13 @@ pwck \- V\('erifier l\*(Aqint\('egrit\('e des fichiers de mots de passe \fBpwck\fR [options] [\fIpasswd\fR\ [\ \fIshadow\fR\ ]] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBpwck\fR -v\('erifie l\*(Aqint\('egrit\('e des informations du syst\(`eme concernant les utilisateurs et leur mots de passe\&. Toutes les entr\('ees des fichiers +command verifies the integrity of the users and authentication information\&. It checks that all entries in /etc/passwd -et +and /etc/shadow -sont v\('erifi\('ees afin de s\*(Aqassurer qu\*(Aqelles ont le bon format et qu\*(Aqelles contiennent des donn\('ees valables dans chaque champ\&. Une confirmation de l\*(Aqutilisateur sera demand\('ee pour d\('etruire les entr\('ees mal format\('ees ou ayant d\*(Aqautres erreurs non r\('ecup\('erables\&. +have the proper format and contain valid data\&. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors\&. .PP Voici les v\('erifications effectu\('ees\ \&: .sp @@ -110,11 +110,10 @@ validit\('e du r\('epertoire personnel\ \&; validit\('e de l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes initial (\(Fo\ \&login shell\ \&\(Fc)\&. .RE .PP -Les v\('erifications de shadow -sont activ\('ees quand un second param\(`etre de fichier est indiqu\('e ou quand +checks are enabled when a second file parameter is specified or when /etc/shadow -existe sur le syst\(`eme\&. +exists on the system\&. .PP Ces v\('erifications sont les suivantes\ \&: .sp @@ -173,26 +172,31 @@ les entr\('ees de shadow sont uniques dans shadow\ \&; la date du dernier changement de mot de passe n\*(Aqest pas dans le futur\&. .RE .PP -Une erreur dans le nombre de champs ou la non unicit\('e d\*(Aqun nom d\*(Aqutilisateur sera fatale\&. Si le nombre de champs n\*(Aqest pas correct, il sera demand\('e \(`a l\*(Aqutilisateur de supprimer la ligne\&. Si l\*(Aqutilisateur ne r\('epond pas par l\*(Aqaffirmative, les v\('erifications suivantes ne seront pas effectu\('ees\&. Il sera \('egalement demand\('e de supprimer les entr\('ees correspondant aux noms d\*(Aqutilisateur redondants, mais dans ce cas, les autres v\('erifications seront effectu\('ees\&. Toutes les autres erreurs ne sont que des avertissements et l\*(Aqutilisateur est encourag\('e \(`a utiliser +The checks for correct number of fields and unique user name are fatal\&. If the entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line\&. If the user does not answer affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed\&. An entry with a duplicated user name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made\&. All other errors are warning and the user is encouraged to run the \fBusermod\fR -pour les corriger\&. +command to correct the error\&. .PP -Les commandes qui op\(`erent sur le fichier +The commands which operate on the /etc/passwd -ne peuvent pas modifier les entr\('ees corrompues ou redondantes\&. +file are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries\&. \fBpwck\fR -doit \(^etre utilis\('e dans ce cas pour retirer ces entr\('ees\&. +should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entry\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options +The \fB\-r\fR -et +and \fB\-s\fR -ne peuvent pas \(^etre combin\('ees\&. +options cannot be combined\&. .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBpwck\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: +.PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -206,51 +210,56 @@ Ne signaler que les erreurs\&. Les avertissements qui ne n\('ecessitent pas une .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-read\-only\fR .RS 4 -Permet d\*(Aqex\('ecuter +Execute the \fBpwck\fR -dans le mode lecture seule\&. +command in read\-only mode\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sort\fR .RS 4 -Trie les entr\('ees de +Sort entries in /etc/passwd -et +and /etc/shadow -par UID\&. +by UID\&. .RE .PP -Par d\('efaut, +By default, \fBpwck\fR -op\(`ere sur les fichiers +operates on the files /etc/passwd -et -/etc/shadow +and +/etc/shadow\&. The user may select alternate files with the +\fIpasswd\fR +and +\fIshadow\fR +parameters\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre maximum de jours de validit\('e d\*(Aqun mot de passe\&. Apr\(`es cette dur\('ee, une modification du mot de passe est obligatoire\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, la valeur de \-1 est utilis\('ee (ce qui enl\(`eve toute restriction)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre minimum de jours autoris\('e avant la modification d\*(Aqun mot de passe\&. Toute tentative de modification du mot de passe avant cette dur\('ee est rejet\('ee\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, la valeur de \-1 est utilis\('ee (ce qui enl\(`eve toute restriction)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre de jours durant lesquels l\*(Aqutilisateur recevra un avertissement avant que son mot de passe n\*(Aqarrive en fin de validit\('e\&. Une valeur n\('egative signifie qu\*(Aqaucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, aucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&. .RE @@ -272,43 +281,43 @@ Informations s\('ecuris\('ees sur les comptes utilisateurs\&. .RE .SH "VALEURS DE RETOUR" .PP -La commande +The \fBpwck\fR -retourne les valeurs suivantes en quittant\ \&: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -succ\(`es +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -erreur de syntaxe +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -une entr\('ee de mot de passe ou plus est incorrecte +one or more bad password entries .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -impossible d\*(Aqouvrir les fichiers de mots de passe +can\*(Aqt open password files .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -impossible de verrouiller les fichiers de mots de passe +can\*(Aqt lock password files .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -impossible de mettre \(`a jour les fichiers des mots de passe +can\*(Aqt update password files .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -impossible de trier les fichiers de mots de passe +can\*(Aqt sort password files .RE .SH "VOIR AUSSI" .PP diff --git a/man/fr/man8/pwconv.8 b/man/fr/man8/pwconv.8 index aeaf7839..8b1647dd 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/pwconv.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/pwconv.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: pwconv .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "PWCONV" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "PWCONV" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -40,127 +40,117 @@ pwconv, pwunconv, grpconv, grpunconv \- Convertir vers ou depuis les fichiers de \fBgrpunconv\fR [\fIoptions\fR] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBpwconv\fR -cr\('ee le fichier +command creates \fIshadow\fR -\(`a partir du fichier +from \fIpasswd\fR -et d\*(Aqun \('eventuel fichier +and an optionally existing \fIshadow\fR\&. .PP -La commande +The \fBpwunconv\fR -cr\('ee le fichier +command creates \fIpasswd\fR -\(`a partir des fichiers +from \fIpasswd\fR -et +and \fIshadow\fR -puis supprime +and then removes \fIshadow\fR\&. .PP -La commande +The \fBgrpconv\fR -cr\('ee +command creates \fIgshadow\fR -\(`a partir de +from \fIgroup\fR -et d\*(Aqun \('eventuel fichier +and an optionally existing \fIgshadow\fR\&. .PP -La commande +The \fBgrpunconv\fR -cr\('ee +command creates \fIgroup\fR -\(`a partir des fichiers +from \fIgroup\fR -et +and \fIgshadow\fR -puis supprime +and then removes \fIgshadow\fR\&. .PP -Ces quatre programmes op\(`erent sur les fichiers de mots de passe et d\*(Aqinformations sur les groupes cach\('es ou non\ \&: +These four programs all operate on the normal and shadow password and group files: /etc/passwd, /etc/group, -/etc/shadow, et +/etc/shadow, and /etc/gshadow\&. .PP -Chaque programme place les verrous n\('ecessaires avant d\*(Aqeffectuer la conversion\&. +Each program acquires the necessary locks before conversion\&. \fBpwconv\fR -et +and \fBgrpconv\fR -sont similaires\&. Dans un premier temps, les entr\('ees du fichier de mots de passe cach\('es (/etc/shadow -ou -/etc/gshadow) qui n\*(Aqexistent pas dans le fichier principal (passwd -ou -group), sont retir\('ees\&. Ensuite, les entr\('ees du fichier -shadow -n\*(Aqayant pas pour mot de passe \(Fo\ \&x\ \&\(Fc dans le fichier -passwd -sont mises \(`a jour\&. Enfin, les mots de passe du fichier -passwd -sont remplac\('es par \(Fo\ \&x\ \&\(Fc\&. Ces programmes peuvent \(^etre utilis\('es pour une premi\(`ere conversion, ou bien pour une mise \(`a jour, si les fichiers principaux [\ \&NdT\ \&: non cach\('es\ \&] ont \('et\('e \('edit\('es \(`a la main\&. -.PP -Lors de l\*(Aqajout de nouvelles entr\('ees dans -/etc/shadow, +are similar\&. First, entries in the shadowed file which don\*(Aqt exist in the main file are removed\&. Then, shadowed entries which don\*(Aqt have `x\*(Aq as the password in the main file are updated\&. Any missing shadowed entries are added\&. Finally, passwords in the main file are replaced with `x\*(Aq\&. These programs can be used for initial conversion as well to update the shadowed file if the main file is edited by hand\&. +.PP \fBpwconv\fR -utilisera les valeurs de +will use the values of \fIPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR, -\fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR, et +\fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR, and \fIPASS_WARN_AGE\fR -d\('efinies dans le fichier -/etc/login\&.defs\&. +from +/etc/login\&.defs +when adding new entries to +/etc/shadow\&. .PP -De m\(^eme, +Likewise \fBpwunconv\fR -et +and \fBgrpunconv\fR -sont similaires\&. Les mots de passe des fichiers principaux sont mis \(`a jour \(`a partir des fichiers d\*(Aqinformations cach\('ees (\(Fo\ \&shadowed file\ \&\(Fc)\&. Les entr\('ees existant dans un fichier principal, mais pas dans le fichier cach\('e sont laiss\('ees\&. Enfin, le fichier cach\('e est supprim\('e\&. Certaines informations d\*(Aq\(^age des mots de passe sont perdues par -\fBpwunconv\fR\&. Il ne convertit que ce qu\*(Aqil peut\&. +are similar\&. Passwords in the main file are updated from the shadowed file\&. Entries which exist in the main file but not in the shadowed file are left alone\&. Finally, the shadowed file is removed\&. Some password aging information is lost by +\fBpwunconv\fR\&. It will convert what it can\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options applicables aux commandes +The options which apply to the \fBpwconv\fR, \fBpwunconv\fR, -\fBgrpconv\fR -et +\fBgrpconv\fR, and \fBgrpunconv\fR -sont\ \&: +commands are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .SH "BOGUES" .PP -Des erreurs dans les fichiers de mots de passe ou d\*(Aqinformations sur les groupes (comme des entr\('ees invalides ou redondantes) peuvent conduire ces programmes \(`a boucler ind\('efiniment ou \(`a \('echouer d\*(Aqune mani\(`ere tout aussi \('etrange\&. Veuillez ex\('ecuter +Errors in the password or group files (such as invalid or duplicate entries) may cause these programs to loop forever or fail in other strange ways\&. Please run \fBpwck\fR -et +and \fBgrpck\fR -pour corriger ces erreurs avant de lancer toute conversion\&. +to correct any such errors before converting to or from shadow passwords or groups\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -La variable de configuration suivante dans +The following configuration variable in /etc/login\&.defs -change le comportement de +changes the behavior of \fBgrpconv\fR -et -\fBgrpunconv\fR\ \&: +and +\fBgrpunconv\fR: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (nombre) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Nombre maximum de membres par entr\('ee de groupe\&. Lorsque le maximum est atteint, une nouvelle entr\('ee de groupe (ligne) est d\('emarr\('ee dans +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(avec le m\(^eme nom, m\(^eme mot de passe, et m\(^eme GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&. .sp @@ -171,22 +161,22 @@ Si vous avez besoin de configurer cette limite, vous pouvez utiliser 25\&. Remarque\ \&: les groupes d\('ecoup\('es ne sont peut\-\(^etre pas pris en charge par tous les outils (m\(^eme dans la suite d\*(Aqoutils Shadow)\&. Vous ne devriez pas utiliser cette variable, sauf si vous en avez vraiment besoin\&. .RE .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -changent le comportement de -\fBpwconv\fR\ \&: +change the behavior of +\fBpwconv\fR: .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre maximum de jours de validit\('e d\*(Aqun mot de passe\&. Apr\(`es cette dur\('ee, une modification du mot de passe est obligatoire\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, la valeur de \-1 est utilis\('ee (ce qui enl\(`eve toute restriction)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre minimum de jours autoris\('e avant la modification d\*(Aqun mot de passe\&. Toute tentative de modification du mot de passe avant cette dur\('ee est rejet\('ee\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, la valeur de \-1 est utilis\('ee (ce qui enl\(`eve toute restriction)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre de jours durant lesquels l\*(Aqutilisateur recevra un avertissement avant que son mot de passe n\*(Aqarrive en fin de validit\('e\&. Une valeur n\('egative signifie qu\*(Aqaucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, aucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&. .RE diff --git a/man/fr/man8/sulogin.8 b/man/fr/man8/sulogin.8 index 7757779c..2123c4a2 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/sulogin.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/sulogin.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: sulogin .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "SULOGIN" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "SULOGIN" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ has an entry for a single user login\&. .PP The user is prompted .PP -Type control\-d to proceed with normal startup, (or give root password for system maintenance): +Type control\-d to proceed with normal startup, +(or give root password for system maintenance): .PP Input and output will be performed with the standard file descriptors unless the optional device name argument is provided\&. .PP @@ -75,26 +76,26 @@ should execute the sulogin command in single user mode\&. As complete an environment as possible is created\&. However, various devices may be unmounted or uninitialized and many of the user commands may be unavailable or nonfunctional as a result\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, sera utilis\('ee pour d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement HZ lorsqu\*(Aqun utilisateur se connecte\&. La valeur doit \(^etre pr\('ec\('ed\('ee par -\fIHZ=\fR\&. Une valeur commune sur Linux est +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Si d\('efinie, sera utilis\('ee pour d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement TZ quand un utilisateur se connecte\&. La valeur peut \(^etre le nom d\*(Aqun fuseau horaire pr\('ec\('ed\('e par +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -(par exemple -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), ou le chemin complet vers le fichier contenant la sp\('ecification du fuseau horaire (par exemple +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Si un chemin complet est sp\('ecifi\('e mais que le fichier n\*(Aqexiste pas ou ne peut pas \(^etre lu, la valeur par d\('efaut utilis\('ee est +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use \fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" diff --git a/man/fr/man8/useradd.8 b/man/fr/man8/useradd.8 index 1aec4922..48e7b637 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/useradd.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/useradd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: useradd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "USERADD" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "USERADD" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -38,62 +38,68 @@ useradd \- cr\('eer un nouvel utilisateur ou modifier les informations par d\('e \fBuseradd\fR \-D [\fIoptions\fR] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -Quand elle est invoqu\('ee sans l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-D\fR, la commande +When invoked without the +\fB\-D\fR +option, the \fBuseradd\fR -cr\('ee un nouveau compte utilisateur qui utilise les valeurs indiqu\('ees sur la ligne de commande et les valeurs par d\('efaut du syst\(`eme\&. En fonction des options de la ligne de commande, la commande +command creates a new user account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system\&. Depending on command line options, the \fBuseradd\fR -fera la mise \(`a jour des fichiers du syst\(`eme, elle pourra cr\('eer le r\('epertoire personnel et copier les fichiers initiaux\&. +command will update system files and may also create the new user\*(Aqs home directory and copy initial files\&. .PP -Par d\('efaut, un groupe sera \('egalement cr\('e\('e pour le nouvel utilisateur (voir +By default, a group will also be created for the new user (see \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-N\fR, -\fB\-U\fR, et -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR) +\fB\-U\fR, and +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR)\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBuseradd\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP -\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_BASE\fR +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& .RS 4 -R\('epertoire de base par d\('efaut du syst\(`eme si l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-d\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_PERSO\fR -n\*(Aqest pas sp\('ecifi\('ee\&. -\fIR\('EP_BASE\fR -est concat\('en\('e avec le nom du compte pour d\('efinir le r\('epertoire personnel\&. Quand l\*(Aqoption +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIBASE_DIR\fR +.RS 4 +The default base directory for the system if +\fB\-d\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR +is not specified\&. +\fIBASE_DIR\fR +is concatenated with the account name to define the home directory\&. If the \fB\-m\fR -n\*(Aqest pas utilis\('ee, -\fIR\('EP_BASE\fR -doit exister\&. +option is not used, +\fIBASE_DIR\fR +must exist\&. .sp -Si cette option n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('ee, +If this option is not specified, \fBuseradd\fR -utilisera le r\('epertoire de base pr\('ecis\('e par la variable +will use the base directory specified by the \fBHOME\fR -dans -/etc/default/useradd -ou +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or /home -par d\('efaut\&. +by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENTAIRE\fR +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENT\fR .RS 4 Toute cha\(^ine de texte\&. C\*(Aqest g\('en\('eralement une description courte du compte, elle est actuellement utilis\('ee comme champ pour le nom complet de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\-dir\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_PERSO\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\-dir\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Le nouvel utilisateur sera cr\('e\('e en utilisant -\fIR\('EP_PERSO\fR -comme valeur de r\('epertoire de connexion de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Le comportement par d\('efaut est de concat\('ener -\fIUTILISATEUR\fR -au r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_BASE\fR, et de l\*(Aqutiliser en tant que nom de r\('epertoire de connexion\&. Il n\*(Aqest pas n\('ecessaire que le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_PERSO\fR -existe mais il ne sera pas cr\('e\('e s\*(Aqil n\*(Aqexiste pas\&. +The new user will be created using +\fIHOME_DIR\fR +as the value for the user\*(Aqs login directory\&. The default is to append the +\fILOGIN\fR +name to +\fIBASE_DIR\fR +and use that as the login directory name\&. The directory +\fIHOME_DIR\fR +does not have to exist but will not be created if it is missing\&. .RE .PP \fB\-D\fR, \fB\-\-defaults\fR @@ -101,59 +107,59 @@ existe mais il ne sera pas cr\('e\('e s\*(Aqil n\*(Aqexiste pas\&. Consultez ci\-dessous la sous\-section \(Fo\ \&Modifier les valeurs par d\('efaut\ \&\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIDATE_FIN_VALIDIT\('E\fR +\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 -Date \(`a laquelle le compte utilisateur sera d\('esactiv\('e\&. La date est indiqu\('ee dans le format -\fIAAAA\-MM\-JJ\fR\&. +The date on which the user account will be disabled\&. The date is specified in the format +\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR\&. .sp -Si non pr\('ecis\('e, +If not specified, \fBuseradd\fR -utilisera la date d\*(Aqexpiration par d\('efaut pr\('ecis\('ee par la variable +will use the default expiry date specified by the \fBEXPIRE\fR -dans -/etc/default/useradd -ou une cha\(^ine vide (pas d\*(Aqexpiration) par d\('efaut\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or an empty string (no expiry) by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIDUR\('EE_INACTIVIT\('E\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 Nombre de jours suivant la fin de validit\('e d\*(Aqun mot de passe apr\(`es lequel le compte est d\('efinitivement d\('esactiv\('e\&. Une valeur de 0 d\('esactive le compte d\(`es que le mot de passe a d\('epass\('e sa fin de validit\('e, et une valeur de \-1 d\('esactive cette fonctionnalit\('e\&. .sp -Si non pr\('ecis\('e, +If not specified, \fBuseradd\fR -utilisera la p\('eriode d\*(Aqinactivit\('e par d\('efaut pr\('ecis\('ee par la variable +will use the default inactivity period specified by the \fBINACTIVE\fR -dans -/etc/default/useradd, ou \-1 par d\('efaut\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or \-1 by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUPE\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR .RS 4 Nom du groupe ou identifiant num\('erique du groupe de connexion initial de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Le nom du groupe doit exister\&. Un num\('ero de groupe doit se r\('ef\('erer \(`a un groupe d\('ej\(`a existant\&. .sp -Si non pr\('ecis\('e, le comportement de +If not specified, the behavior of \fBuseradd\fR -d\('ependra de la variable +will depend on the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -dans -/etc/login\&.defs\&. Si cette variable est configur\('ee \(`a +variable in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. If this variable is set to \fIyes\fR -(ou si +(or \fB\-U/\-\-user\-group\fR -est pr\('ecis\('ee sur la ligne de commandes), un groupe sera cr\('e\('e pour l\*(Aqutilisateur, avec le m\(^eme nom que son identifiant\&. Si la variable est configur\('ee \(`a +is specified on the command line), a group will be created for the user, with the same name as her loginname\&. If the variable is set to \fIno\fR -(ou si +(or \fB\-N/\-\-no\-user\-group\fR -est pr\('ecis\('e sur la ligne de commandes), useradd configurera le groupe primaire du nouvel utilisateur \(`a la valeur pr\('ecis\('ee par la variable +is specified on the command line), useradd will set the primary group of the new user to the value specified by the \fBGROUP\fR -dans -/etc/default/useradd, ou 100 par d\('efaut\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or 100 by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGROUPE1\fR[\fI,GROUPE2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GROUPEN\fR]]] +\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGROUP1\fR[\fI,GROUP2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GROUPN\fR]]] .RS 4 -Liste de groupes suppl\('ementaires auxquels appartient \('egalement l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Chaque groupe est s\('epar\('e du suivant par une virgule, sans espace entre eux\&. Les groupes sont soumis aux m\(^emes restrictions que celles de l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-g\fR\&. Le comportement par d\('efaut pour l\*(Aqutilisateur est de n\*(Aqappartenir qu\*(Aqau groupe initial\&. +A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of\&. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace\&. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the +\fB\-g\fR +option\&. The default is for the user to belong only to the initial group\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -161,42 +167,42 @@ Liste de groupes suppl\('ementaires auxquels appartient \('egalement l\*(Aqutili Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-skel\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_SQUELETTE\fR +\fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-skel\fR\ \&\fISKEL_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Le r\('epertoire squelette, qui contient les fichiers et r\('epertoires qui seront copi\('es dans le r\('epertoire personnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur, quand le r\('epertoire personnel est cr\('e\('e par +The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in the user\*(Aqs home directory, when the home directory is created by \fBuseradd\fR\&. .sp -Cette option n\*(Aqest valable que si l\*(Aqoption +This option is only valid if the \fB\-m\fR -(ou -\fB\-\-create\-home\fR) est utilis\('ee\&. +(or +\fB\-\-create\-home\fR) option is specified\&. .sp -Si cette option n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('ee, le r\('epertoire squelette est d\('efini par la variable +If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the \fBSKEL\fR -dans +variable in /etc/default/useradd -ou, par d\('efaut, +or, by default, /etc/skel\&. .sp Si possible, les ACL et les attributs \('etendus seront copi\('es\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fICL\('E\fR=\fIVALEUR\fR +\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIKEY\fR=\fIVALUE\fR .RS 4 -Surcharge les valeurs par d\('efaut de +Overrides /etc/login\&.defs -(\fBUID_MIN\fR, +defaults (\fBUID_MIN\fR, \fBUID_MAX\fR, \fBUMASK\fR, \fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR -et autres)\&. +and others)\&. -Par exemple\ \&: +Example: \fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR=\fI\-1\fR -peut \(^etre utilis\('e pour la cr\('eation de comptes syst\(`eme pour d\('esactiver la gestion de la dur\('ee de validit\('e des mots de passe, m\(^eme si les comptes syst\(`eme n\*(Aqont pas de mot de passe\&. Plusieurs options +can be used when creating system account to turn off password aging, even though system account has no password at all\&. Multiple \fB\-K\fR -peuvent \(^etre pr\('ecis\('ees, comme par exemple\ \&: -\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIUID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR +options can be specified, e\&.g\&.: +\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIUID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR\ \& \fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIUID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR .RE .PP @@ -209,38 +215,39 @@ Par d\('efaut, les entr\('ees de l\*(Aqutilisateur dans les bases de donn\('ees .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-create\-home\fR .RS 4 -Cr\('e\('e le r\('epertoire personnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur s\*(Aqil n\*(Aqexiste pas\&. Les fichiers et les r\('epertoires contenus dans le r\('epertoire squelette (qui peut \(^etre d\('efini avec l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-k\fR) sera copi\('e dans le r\('epertoire personnel\&. +Create the user\*(Aqs home directory if it does not exist\&. The files and directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with the +\fB\-k\fR +option) will be copied to the home directory\&. .sp -Par d\('efaut, si cette option n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('ee et si +By default, if this option is not specified and \fBCREATE_HOME\fR -n\*(Aqest pas activ\('ee, aucun r\('epertoire personnel ne sera cr\('e\('e\&. +is not enabled, no home directories are created\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-create\-home\fR +\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-no\-create\-home\fR .RS 4 -Ne cr\('ee pas le r\('epertoire personnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur, m\(^eme si la configuration globale au syst\(`eme contenue dans +Do no create the user\*(Aqs home directory, even if the system wide setting from /etc/login\&.defs -(\fBCREATE_HOME\fR) est configur\('ee \(`a +(\fBCREATE_HOME\fR) is set to \fIyes\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-N\fR, \fB\-\-no\-user\-group\fR .RS 4 -Ne cr\('ee pas de groupe avec le m\(^eme nom que celui de l\*(Aqutilisateur, mais ajoute l\*(Aqutilisateur au groupe pr\('ecis\('e par l\*(Aqoption +Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to the group specified by the \fB\-g\fR -ou par la variable +option or by the \fBGROUP\fR -dans +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .sp -Le comportement par d\('efaut (si les options +The default behavior (if the \fB\-g\fR, -\fB\-N\fR, et +\fB\-N\fR, and \fB\-U\fR -ne sont pas pr\('ecis\('ees) est d\('efini par la variable +options are not specified) is defined by the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -dans +variable in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP @@ -248,17 +255,18 @@ dans .RS 4 Permet de cr\('eer un compte d\*(Aqutilisateur avec un identifiant (\(Fo\ \&UID\ \&\(Fc) dupliqu\('e (non unique)\&. .sp -Cette option n\*(Aqest valable qu\*(Aqavec l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-u\fR\&. +This option is only valid in combination with the +\fB\-u\fR +option\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIMOT_DE_PASSE\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -Le mot de passe chiffr\('e, comme renvoy\('e par -\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. Le comportement par d\('efaut est de d\('esactiver le mot de passe\&. +The encrypted password, as returned by +\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. The default is to disable the password\&. .sp -\fBRemarque\ \&:\fR -l\*(Aqutilisation de cette option est d\('econseill\('ee car le mot de passe (ou le mot de passe chiffr\('e) peut \(^etre visible des utilisateurs qui affichent la liste des processus\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Il est n\('ecessaire de v\('erifier si le mot de passe respecte la politique de mots de passe du syst\(`eme\&. .RE @@ -267,30 +275,32 @@ Il est n\('ecessaire de v\('erifier si le mot de passe respecte la politique de .RS 4 Cr\('eer un compte syst\(`eme\&. .sp -Les utilisateurs syst\(`eme seront cr\('e\('es sans information d\*(Aqexpiration dans -/etc/shadow, et leur identifiant num\('erique est choisi dans l\*(Aqintervalle -\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR, d\('efini dans -/etc/login\&.defs, au lieu de +System users will be created with no aging information in +/etc/shadow, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the +\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR +range, defined in +/etc/login\&.defs, instead of \fBUID_MIN\fR\-\fBUID_MAX\fR -(et leurs \('equivalents +(and their \fBGID\fR -pour la cr\('eation des groupes)\&. +counterparts for the creation of groups)\&. .sp -Notez que +Note that \fBuseradd\fR -ne cr\('eera pas de r\('epertoire personnel pour ces utilisateurs, ind\('ependamment de la configuration par d\('efaut dans +will not create a home directory for such a user, regardless of the default setting in /etc/login\&.defs -(\fBCREATE_HOME\fR)\&. Vous devez pr\('eciser l\*(Aqoption +(\fBCREATE_HOME\fR)\&. You have to specify the \fB\-m\fR -si vous voulez qu\*(Aqun r\('epertoire personnel soit cr\('e\('e pour un compte syst\(`eme\&. +options if you want a home directory for a system account to be created\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -302,140 +312,142 @@ directory and use the configuration files from the directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\-compilation target\&. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified\&. PAM authentication is using the host files\&. No SELINUX support\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fIINTERPR\('ETEUR\fR +\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR .RS 4 -Le nom de l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes initial de l\*(Aqutilisateur (\(Fo\ \&login shell\ \&\(Fc)\&. Le comportement par d\('efaut est de laisser ce champ vide\&. Le syst\(`eme s\('electionnera alors l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur par d\('efaut indiqu\('e par la variable +The name of the user\*(Aqs login shell\&. The default is to leave this field blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell specified by the \fBSHELL\fR -dans -/etc/default/useradd, ou une cha\(^ine vide par d\('efaut\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or an empty string by default\&. .RE .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-uid\fR\ \&\fIUID\fR .RS 4 -La valeur num\('erique de l\*(Aqidentifiant de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Cette valeur doit \(^etre unique, sauf si l\*(Aqoption +The numerical value of the user\*(Aqs ID\&. This value must be unique, unless the \fB\-o\fR -est utilis\('ee\&. La valeur ne doit pas \(^etre n\('egative\&. Le comportement par d\('efaut est d\*(Aqutiliser la plus petite valeur d\*(Aqidentifiant \(`a la fois sup\('erieure ou \('egale \(`a +option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to \fBUID_MIN\fR -et sup\('erieure aux identifiants de tous les autres utilisateurs\&. +and greater than every other user\&. .sp -Voir aussi aussi l\*(Aqoption +See also the \fB\-r\fR -et la description de -\fBUID_MAX\fR\&. +option and the +\fBUID_MAX\fR +description\&. .RE .PP \fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-user\-group\fR .RS 4 Cr\('ee un groupe avec le m\(^eme nom que celui de l\*(Aqutilisateur, et ajoute l\*(Aqutilisateur \(`a ce groupe\&. .sp -Le comportement par d\('efaut (si les options +The default behavior (if the \fB\-g\fR, -\fB\-N\fR, et +\fB\-N\fR, and \fB\-U\fR -ne sont pas pr\('ecis\('ees) est d\('efini par la variable +options are not specified) is defined by the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -dans +variable in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR\ \&\fIUTILISATEUR_SELINUX\fR +\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR\ \&\fISEUSER\fR .RS 4 L\*(Aqutilisateur SELinux utilis\('e pour la connexion de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Le comportement par d\('efaut est de laisser ce champ vide\&. Le syst\(`eme s\('electionnera alors l\*(Aqutilisateur SELinux par d\('efaut\&. .RE .SS "Modifier les valeurs par d\('efaut" .PP -Quand il est invoqu\('e avec seulement l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-D\fR, +When invoked with only the +\fB\-D\fR +option, \fBuseradd\fR -affichera les valeurs actuelles par d\('efaut\&. Quand il est invoqu\('e avec l\*(Aqoption +will display the current default values\&. When invoked with \fB\-D\fR -et d\*(Aqautres options, +plus other options, \fBuseradd\fR -mettra \(`a jour les valeurs par d\('efaut des options pr\('ecis\('ees\&. Les options valables sont\ \&: +will update the default values for the specified options\&. Valid default\-changing options are: .PP -\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_BASE\fR +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIBASE_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Pr\('efixe du chemin des r\('epertoires personnels pour les nouveaux utilisateurs\&. Le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur sera attach\('e \(`a la fin de -\fIR\('EP_PERSO\fR -pour cr\('eer le nom du nouveau r\('epertoire personnel si l\*(Aqoption +The path prefix for a new user\*(Aqs home directory\&. The user\*(Aqs name will be affixed to the end of +\fIBASE_DIR\fR +to form the new user\*(Aqs home directory name, if the \fB\-d\fR -n\*(Aqest pas utilis\('ee pendant la cr\('eation d\*(Aqun nouveau compte\&. +option is not used when creating a new account\&. .sp -Cette option configure la variable +This option sets the \fBHOME\fR -dans +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIDATE_FIN_VALIDIT\('E\fR +\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 Date \(`a laquelle le compte utilisateur sera d\('esactiv\('e\&. .sp -Cette option configure la variable +This option sets the \fBEXPIRE\fR -dans +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIDUR\('EE_INACTIVIT\('E\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 Nombre de jours apr\(`es la fin de validit\('e d\*(Aqun mot de passe avant que le compte ne soit d\('esactiv\('e\&. .sp -Cette option configure la variable +This option sets the \fBINACTIVE\fR -dans +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUPE\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR .RS 4 -Le nom ou l\*(Aqidentifiant du groupe pour le groupe principal d\*(Aqun nouvel utilisateur (quand l\*(Aqoption +The group name or ID for a new user\*(Aqs initial group (when the \fB\-N/\-\-no\-user\-group\fR -est utilis\('ee ou quand la variable +is used or when the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -est configur\('ee \(`a +variable is set to \fIno\fR -dans -/etc/login\&.defs)\&. Le nom du groupe doit exister, et un identifiant de groupe num\('erique doit avoir une entr\('ee existante\&. +in +/etc/login\&.defs)\&. The named group must exist, and a numerical group ID must have an existing entry\&. .sp -Cette option configure la variable +This option sets the \fBGROUP\fR -dans +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fIINTERPR\('ETEUR\fR +\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR .RS 4 Le nom de l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes du nouvel utilisateur\&. .sp -Cette option configure la variable +This option sets the \fBSHELL\fR -dans +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .SH "NOTES" .PP -L\*(Aqadministrateur syst\(`eme doit se charger de placer les fichiers par d\('efaut dans le r\('epertoire -/etc/skel -(ou tout autre r\('epertoire de mod\(`eles indiqu\('e dans +The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files in the +/etc/skel/ +directory (or any other skeleton directory specified in /etc/default/useradd -ou sur la ligne de commande)\&. +or on the command line)\&. .SH "AVERTISSEMENTS" .PP Vous ne pouvez pas ajouter d\*(Aqutilisateur \(`a un groupe NIS ou LDAP\&. Cela doit \(^etre effectu\('e sur le serveur correspondant\&. .PP -De la m\(^eme fa\(,con, si le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur existe dans une base de donn\('ees externe, telle que NIS ou LDAP, +Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such as NIS or LDAP, \fBuseradd\fR -refusera de cr\('eer le compte d\*(Aqutilisateur\&. +will deny the user account creation request\&. .PP Les noms d\*(Aqutilisateur doivent commencer par une lettre minuscule ou un tiret bas (\(Fo\ \&underscore\ \&\(Fc), et seuls des lettres minuscules, des chiffres, des \(Fo\ \&underscore\ \&\(Fc, ou des tirets peuvent suivre\&. Ils peuvent se terminer par un signe dollar\&. Soit, sous la forme d\*(Aqune expression rationnelle\ \&: [a\-z_][a\-z0\-9_\-]*[$]? .PP Les noms d\*(Aqutilisateur sont limit\('es \(`a 16 caract\(`eres\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBCREATE_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 @@ -444,19 +456,17 @@ Indiquer si un r\('epertoire personnel doit \(^etre cr\('e\('e par d\('efaut pou Ce r\('eglage ne s\*(Aqapplique pas pour les utilisateurs syst\(`eme, et peut \(^etre annul\('e sur la ligne de commande\&. .RE .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBGID_MIN\fR (nombre) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Plage d\*(Aqidentifiants num\('eriques de groupes que les commandes +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -ou -\fBnewusers\fR -peuvent utiliser pour la cr\('eation des groupes normaux\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -La valeur par d\('efaut pour +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -(respectivement -\fBGID_MAX\fR) est 1000 (respectivement 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP \fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number) @@ -468,38 +478,38 @@ No option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing lastlog entries\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 R\('epertoire d\*(Aqattente des courriels (\(Fo\ \&mail spool directory\ \&\(Fc)\&. Ce param\(`etre est n\('ecessaire pour manipuler les bo\(^ites \(`a lettres lorsque le compte d\*(Aqun utilisateur est modifi\('e ou supprim\('e\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas sp\('ecifi\('e, une valeur par d\('efaut d\('efinie \(`a la compilation est utilis\('ee\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 D\('efinir l\*(Aqemplacement des bo\(^ites aux lettres des utilisateurs relativement \(`a leur r\('epertoire personnel\&. .RE .PP -Les param\(`etres +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -et +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -sont utilis\('es par +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -et +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -pour cr\('eer, d\('eplacer ou supprimer les bo\(^ites aux lettres des utilisateurs\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Si +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -est r\('egl\('e sur -\fIyes\fR, ces variables servent \('egalement \(`a d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (nombre) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Nombre maximum de membres par entr\('ee de groupe\&. Lorsque le maximum est atteint, une nouvelle entr\('ee de groupe (ligne) est d\('emarr\('ee dans +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(avec le m\(^eme nom, m\(^eme mot de passe, et m\(^eme GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&. .sp @@ -510,141 +520,137 @@ Si vous avez besoin de configurer cette limite, vous pouvez utiliser 25\&. Remarque\ \&: les groupes d\('ecoup\('es ne sont peut\-\(^etre pas pris en charge par tous les outils (m\(^eme dans la suite d\*(Aqoutils Shadow)\&. Vous ne devriez pas utiliser cette variable, sauf si vous en avez vraiment besoin\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre maximum de jours de validit\('e d\*(Aqun mot de passe\&. Apr\(`es cette dur\('ee, une modification du mot de passe est obligatoire\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, la valeur de \-1 est utilis\('ee (ce qui enl\(`eve toute restriction)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre minimum de jours autoris\('e avant la modification d\*(Aqun mot de passe\&. Toute tentative de modification du mot de passe avant cette dur\('ee est rejet\('ee\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, la valeur de \-1 est utilis\('ee (ce qui enl\(`eve toute restriction)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (nombre) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Nombre de jours durant lesquels l\*(Aqutilisateur recevra un avertissement avant que son mot de passe n\*(Aqarrive en fin de validit\('e\&. Une valeur n\('egative signifie qu\*(Aqaucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, aucun avertissement n\*(Aqest donn\('e\&. .RE .PP -\fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (nombre) +\fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (number) .RS 4 -Si +If /etc/subuid -existe, les commandes +exists, the commands \fBuseradd\fR -et +and \fBnewusers\fR -affectent \(`a +(unless the user already have subordinate group IDs) allocate \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR -les GIDs non utilis\('es compris entre +unused group IDs from the range \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR -et +to \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR -pour chaque utilisateur (sauf si l\*(Aqutilisateur a d\('ej\(`a indiqu\('e des IDs de groupes subalternes)\&. +for each new user\&. .sp -Les valeurs par d\('efaut pour +The default values for \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR, -\fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR -et +\fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR, \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR -sont respectivement 100000, 600100000 et 65536\&. +are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR (nombre) +\fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR (number) .RS 4 -Si +If /etc/subuid -existe, les commandes +exists, the commands \fBuseradd\fR -et +and \fBnewusers\fR -affectent \(`a +(unless the user already have subordinate user IDs) allocate \fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR -les UIDs non utilis\('es compris entre +unused user IDs from the range \fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR -et +to \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR -pour chaque utilisateur (sauf si l\*(Aqutilisateur a d\('ej\(`a indiqu\('e des IDs de utilisateurs subalternes)\&. +for each new user\&. .sp -Les valeurs par d\('efaut pour +The default values for \fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR, \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR, -\fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR, sont respectivement 100000, 600100000 et 65536\&. +\fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR +are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (nombre) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Plage d\*(Aqidentifiants num\('eriques de groupes que les commandes +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -ou -\fBnewusers\fR -peuvent utiliser pour la cr\('eation de groupes syst\(`eme\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -La valeur par d\('efaut pour +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -(respectivement -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) est 101 (respectivement +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (nombre) +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Plage d\*(Aqidentifiants num\('eriques d\*(Aqutilisateurs que les commandes +Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by \fBuseradd\fR -ou -\fBnewusers\fR -peuvent utiliser pour la cr\('eation d\*(Aqutilisateurs syst\(`eme\&. +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -La valeur par d\('efaut pour +The default value for \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -(respectivement -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) est 101 (respectivement +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBUID_MIN\fR (nombre) +\fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Plage d\*(Aqidentifiants num\('eriques d\*(Aqutilisateurs que les commandes +Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by \fBuseradd\fR -ou -\fBnewusers\fR -peuvent utiliser pour la cr\('eation d\*(Aqutilisateurs normaux\&. +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -La valeur par d\('efaut de +The default value for \fBUID_MIN\fR -(respectivement -\fBUID_MAX\fR) est 1000 (respectivement 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (nombre) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 Valeur d\*(Aqinitialisation du masque de permissions\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas pr\('ecis\('e, le masque des permissions sera initialis\('e \(`a 022\&. .sp \fBuseradd\fR -et +and \fBnewusers\fR -utilisent ce masque pour d\('efinir les permissions d\*(Aqacc\(`es des r\('epertoires personnels qu\*(Aqils cr\('eent\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Il est \('egalement utilis\('e par +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -pour d\('efinir l\*(Aqumask initial de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Veuillez noter que cet umask peut \(^etre red\('efini par les GECOS de l\*(Aqutilisateur (si +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -est activ\('e) ou en pr\('ecisant une limite avec l\*(Aqidentifiant +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -dans +identifier in \fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer la mise en place de bits de masque de groupe (\(Fo\ \&umask group bits\ \&\(Fc) identiques \(`a ceux du propri\('etaire (exemple\ \&: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) pour les utilisateurs non privil\('egi\('es, si l\*(AqUID est identique au GID et que l\*(Aqidentifiant de connexion est identique au groupe principal\&. .sp -Si cette variable est configur\('ee \(`a +If set to \fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -supprimera le groupe de l\*(Aqutilisateur s\*(Aqil ne contient pas d\*(Aqautres membres, et +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -cr\('eera par d\('efaut un groupe portant le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" .PP @@ -694,59 +700,59 @@ Configuration de la suite des mots de passe cach\('es \(Fo\ \&shadow password\ \ .RE .SH "VALEURS DE RETOUR" .PP -La commande +The \fBuseradd\fR -retourne les valeurs suivantes en quittant\ \&: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -succ\(`es +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -impossible de mettre \(`a jour le fichier des mots de passe +can\*(Aqt update password file .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -erreur de syntaxe +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -param\(`etre non valable pour l\*(Aqoption +invalid argument to option .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -UID d\('ej\(`a utilis\('e (et pas d\*(Aqoption +UID already in use (and no \fB\-o\fR) .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -le groupe sp\('ecifi\('e n\*(Aqexiste pas +specified group doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI9\fR .RS 4 -nom d\*(Aqutilisateur d\('ej\(`a utilis\('e +username already in use .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -impossible de mettre \(`a jour le fichier des groupes +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .PP \fI12\fR .RS 4 -impossible de cr\('eer le r\('epertoire personnel +can\*(Aqt create home directory .RE .PP \fI14\fR .RS 4 -Ne peut pas mettre \(`a jour l\*(Aqassociation \(`a un utilisateur SELinux +can\*(Aqt update SELinux user mapping .RE .SH "VOIR AUSSI" .PP @@ -759,5 +765,6 @@ Ne peut pas mettre \(`a jour l\*(Aqassociation \(`a un utilisateur SELinux \fBgroupmod\fR(8), \fBlogin.defs\fR(5), \fBnewusers\fR(8), -\fBsubgid\fR(5), \fBsubuid\fR(5),\fBuserdel\fR(8), +\fBsubgid\fR(5), \fBsubuid\fR(5), +\fBuserdel\fR(8), \fBusermod\fR(8)\&. diff --git a/man/fr/man8/userdel.8 b/man/fr/man8/userdel.8 index e260c8b8..7c28fa3e 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/userdel.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/userdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: userdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "USERDEL" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "USERDEL" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,30 +34,30 @@ userdel \- supprimer un compte utilisateur et les fichiers associ\('es \fBuserdel\fR [options] \fILOGIN\fR .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBuserdel\fR -modifie les fichiers d\*(Aqadministration des comptes du syst\(`eme, en supprimant les entr\('ees qui se r\('ef\(`erent \(`a -\fILOGIN\fR\&. L\*(Aqutilisateur nomm\('e doit exister\&. +command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to the user name +\fILOGIN\fR\&. The named user must exist\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options disponibles de la commande +The options which apply to the \fBuserdel\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR .RS 4 -Cette option impose la suppression de l\*(Aqutilisateur, m\(^eme s\*(Aqil est encore connect\('e\&. Elle force \('egalement +This option forces the removal of the user account, even if the user is still logged in\&. It also forces \fBuserdel\fR -\(`a supprimer son r\('epertoire personnel et sa file d\*(Aqattente des courriels, m\(^eme si un autre utilisateur utilise le m\(^eme r\('epertoire personnel ou si l\*(Aqutilisateur pr\('ecis\('e n\*(Aqest pas le propri\('etaire de la file d\*(Aqattente des courriels\&. Si -\fIUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -vaut +to remove the user\*(Aqs home directory and mail spool, even if another user uses the same home directory or if the mail spool is not owned by the specified user\&. If +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR +is defined to \fIyes\fR -dans +in /etc/login\&.defs -et si un groupe existe avec le m\(^eme nom que l\*(Aqutilisateur supprim\('e, alors ce groupe sera supprim\('e, m\(^eme s\*(Aqil s\*(Aqagit du groupe primaire d\*(Aqun autre utilisateur\&. +and if a group exists with the same name as the deleted user, then this group will be removed, even if it is still the primary group of another user\&. .sp -\fIRemarque\ \&:\fR -Cette option est dangereuse, elle peut laisser votre syst\(`eme dans un \('etat incoh\('erent\&. +\fINote:\fR +This option is dangerous and may leave your system in an inconsistent state\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -69,18 +69,20 @@ Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. .RS 4 Les fichiers pr\('esents dans le r\('epertoire personnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur seront supprim\('es en m\(^eme temps que le r\('epertoire lui\-m\(^eme, ainsi que le r\('epertoire d\*(Aqattente des courriels\&. Vous devrez rechercher et \('eliminer vous\-m\(^eme les fichiers situ\('es dans d\*(Aqautres syst\(`emes de fichiers\&. .sp -Le r\('epertoire d\*(Aqattente des courriels est d\('efini par la variable +The mail spool is defined by the \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -dans -login\&.defs\&. +variable in the +login\&.defs +file\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -98,42 +100,42 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 R\('epertoire d\*(Aqattente des courriels (\(Fo\ \&mail spool directory\ \&\(Fc)\&. Ce param\(`etre est n\('ecessaire pour manipuler les bo\(^ites \(`a lettres lorsque le compte d\*(Aqun utilisateur est modifi\('e ou supprim\('e\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas sp\('ecifi\('e, une valeur par d\('efaut d\('efinie \(`a la compilation est utilis\('ee\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 D\('efinir l\*(Aqemplacement des bo\(^ites aux lettres des utilisateurs relativement \(`a leur r\('epertoire personnel\&. .RE .PP -Les param\(`etres +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -et +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -sont utilis\('es par +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -et +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -pour cr\('eer, d\('eplacer ou supprimer les bo\(^ites aux lettres des utilisateurs\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Si +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -est r\('egl\('e sur -\fIyes\fR, ces variables servent \('egalement \(`a d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (nombre) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Nombre maximum de membres par entr\('ee de groupe\&. Lorsque le maximum est atteint, une nouvelle entr\('ee de groupe (ligne) est d\('emarr\('ee dans +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(avec le m\(^eme nom, m\(^eme mot de passe, et m\(^eme GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&. .sp @@ -144,13 +146,13 @@ Si vous avez besoin de configurer cette limite, vous pouvez utiliser 25\&. Remarque\ \&: les groupes d\('ecoup\('es ne sont peut\-\(^etre pas pris en charge par tous les outils (m\(^eme dans la suite d\*(Aqoutils Shadow)\&. Vous ne devriez pas utiliser cette variable, sauf si vous en avez vraiment besoin\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (string) .RS 4 Si d\('efinie, la commande est ex\('ecut\('ee lors de la suppression d\*(Aqun utilisateur\&. Elle pourra supprimer toutes les t\(^aches p\('eriodiques cron ou at, tous les travaux d\*(Aqimpression, etc\&. de l\*(Aqutilisateur (qui sera fourni comme premier param\(`etre)\&. .sp Le code de retour du script n\*(Aqest pas pris en compte\&. .sp -Voici un script exemple, qui supprime le fichier d\*(Aqentr\('ee de cron et d\*(Aqat ainsi que les travaux d\*(Aqimpression en attente\ \&; +Here is an example script, which removes the user\*(Aqs cron, at and print jobs: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -183,18 +185,19 @@ exit 0 .if n \{\ .RE .\} +.sp .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (bool\('een) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Activer la mise en place de bits de masque de groupe (\(Fo\ \&umask group bits\ \&\(Fc) identiques \(`a ceux du propri\('etaire (exemple\ \&: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) pour les utilisateurs non privil\('egi\('es, si l\*(AqUID est identique au GID et que l\*(Aqidentifiant de connexion est identique au groupe principal\&. .sp -Si cette variable est configur\('ee \(`a +If set to \fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -supprimera le groupe de l\*(Aqutilisateur s\*(Aqil ne contient pas d\*(Aqautres membres, et +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -cr\('eera par d\('efaut un groupe portant le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" .PP @@ -229,67 +232,67 @@ IDs de utilisateurs subalternes d\*(Aqun utilisateur\&. .RE .SH "VALEURS DE RETOUR" .PP -La commande +The \fBuserdel\fR -retourne les valeurs suivantes en quittant\ \&: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -succ\(`es +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -impossible de mettre \(`a jour le fichier des mots de passe +can\*(Aqt update password file .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -erreur de syntaxe +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -l\*(Aqutilisateur indiqu\('e n\*(Aqexiste pas +specified user doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI8\fR .RS 4 -l\*(Aqutilisateur est actuellement connect\('e +user currently logged in .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -impossible de mettre \(`a jour le fichier des groupes +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .PP \fI12\fR .RS 4 -impossible de supprimer le r\('epertoire personnel +can\*(Aqt remove home directory .RE .SH "AVERTISSEMENTS" .PP \fBuserdel\fR -ne permet pas la suppression d\*(Aqun compte si des processus actifs lui appartiennent encore\&. Dans ce cas, il peut \(^etre n\('ecessaire de tuer ces processus ou de simplement verrouiller le mot de passe ou le compte de l\*(Aqutilisateur, afin de supprimer le compte plus tard\&. L\*(Aqoption +will not allow you to remove an account if there are running processes which belong to this account\&. In that case, you may have to kill those processes or lock the user\*(Aqs password or account and remove the account later\&. The \fB\-f\fR -permet de forcer la suppression du compte\&. +option can force the deletion of this account\&. .PP Vous devez v\('erifier vous\-m\(^eme qu\*(Aqaucun fichier poss\('ed\('e par l\*(Aqutilisateur ne subsiste sur tous les syst\(`emes de fichiers\&. .PP Vous ne pouvez supprimer aucun attribut NIS d\*(Aqun client NIS\&. Cela doit \(^etre effectu\('e sur le serveur NIS\&. .PP -Si +If \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -vaut +is defined to \fIyes\fR -(\(Fo\ \&oui\ \&\(Fc) dans +in /etc/login\&.defs, \fBuserdel\fR -supprimera le groupe ayant le m\(^eme nom que l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Afin d\*(Aq\('eviter des incoh\('erences entre les fichiers passwd et group, +will delete the group with the same name as the user\&. To avoid inconsistencies in the passwd and group databases, \fBuserdel\fR -v\('erifiera que le groupe n\*(Aqest pas utilis\('e comme groupe primaire d\*(Aqun autre utilisateur\ \&; si c\*(Aqest le cas un avertissement sera affich\('e et le groupe ne sera pas supprim\('e\&. L\*(Aqoption +will check that this group is not used as a primary group for another user, and will just warn without deleting the group otherwise\&. The \fB\-f\fR -permet d\*(Aqimposer la suppression du groupe\&. +option can force the deletion of this group\&. .SH "VOIR AUSSI" .PP \fBchfn\fR(1), @@ -300,5 +303,6 @@ permet d\*(Aqimposer la suppression du groupe\&. \fBgroupadd\fR(8), \fBgroupdel\fR(8), \fBgroupmod\fR(8), -\fBsubgid\fR(5), \fBsubuid\fR(5),\fBuseradd\fR(8), +\fBsubgid\fR(5), \fBsubuid\fR(5), +\fBuseradd\fR(8), \fBusermod\fR(8)\&. diff --git a/man/fr/man8/usermod.8 b/man/fr/man8/usermod.8 index d93a0d75..caa0ae55 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/usermod.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/usermod.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: usermod .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "USERMOD" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "USERMOD" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,64 +34,78 @@ usermod \- Modifier un compte utilisateur \fBusermod\fR [\fIoptions\fR] \fILOGIN\fR .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP -La commande +The \fBusermod\fR -modifie les fichiers d\*(Aqadministration des comptes du syst\(`eme selon les modifications qui ont \('et\('e indiqu\('ees sur la ligne de commande\&. +command modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that are specified on the command line\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options disponibles pour la commande +The options which apply to the \fBusermod\fR -sont\ \&: +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-append\fR .RS 4 -Ajouter l\*(Aqutilisateur aux groupes suppl\('ementaires\&. N\*(Aqutilisez cette option qu\*(Aqavec l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-G\fR\&. +Add the user to the supplementary group(s)\&. Use only with the +\fB\-G\fR +option\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENTAIRE\fR +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR .RS 4 -La nouvelle valeur du champ de commentaire du fichier de mots de passe pour l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Il est normalement modifi\('e en utilisant l\*(Aqutilitaire -\fBchfn\fR(1)\&. +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_PERSO\fR +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENT\fR +.RS 4 +The new value of the user\*(Aqs password file comment field\&. It is normally modified using the +\fBchfn\fR(1) +utility\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR .RS 4 Le nouveau r\('epertoire personnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .sp -Si l\*(Aqoption +If the \fB\-m\fR -est fournie, le contenu du r\('epertoire personnel actuel sera d\('eplac\('e dans le nouveau r\('epertoire personnel, qui sera cr\('e\('e si n\('ecessaire\&. +option is given, the contents of the current home directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it does not already exist\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIDATE_FIN_VALIDIT\('E\fR +\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 -Date \(`a laquelle le compte utilisateur sera d\('esactiv\('e\&. La date est indiqu\('ee dans le format -\fIAAAA\-MM\-JJ\fR\&. +The date on which the user account will be disabled\&. The date is specified in the format +\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR\&. .sp -Un param\(`etre -\fIDATE_FIN_VALIDIT\('E\fR -vide d\('esactivera l\*(Aqexpiration du compte\&. +An empty +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +argument will disable the expiration of the account\&. .sp -Cette option n\('ecessite un fichier -/etc/shadow\&. Une entr\('ee +This option requires a +/etc/shadow +file\&. A /etc/shadow -sera cr\('e\('ee si il n\*(Aqy en avait pas\&. +entry will be created if there were none\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIDUR\('EE_INACTIVIT\('E\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 Nombre de jours suivant la fin de validit\('e d\*(Aqun mot de passe apr\(`es lequel le compte est d\('efinitivement d\('esactiv\('e\&. .sp Une valeur de 0 d\('esactive le compte d\(`es que le mot de passe a d\('epass\('e sa fin de validit\('e, et une valeur de \-1 d\('esactive cette fonctionnalit\('e\&. .sp -Cette option n\('ecessite un fichier -/etc/shadow\&. Une entr\('ee +This option requires a /etc/shadow -sera cr\('e\('ee si il n\*(Aqy en avait pas\&. +file\&. A +/etc/shadow +entry will be created if there were none\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUPE\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR .RS 4 Nom du groupe ou identifiant num\('erique du groupe de connexion initial de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Le groupe doit exister\&. .sp @@ -100,33 +114,35 @@ Tout fichier du r\('epertoire personnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur appartenant au grou Le groupe propri\('etaire des fichiers en dehors du r\('epertoire personnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur doit \(^etre modifi\('e manuellement\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGROUPE1\fR[\fI,GROUPE2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GROUPEN\fR]]] +\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGROUP1\fR[\fI,GROUP2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GROUPN\fR]]] .RS 4 -Liste de groupes suppl\('ementaires auxquels appartient \('egalement l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Chaque groupe est s\('epar\('e du suivant par une virgule, sans espace entre eux\&. Les groupes sont soumis aux m\(^emes restrictions que celles de l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-g\fR\&. +A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of\&. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace\&. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the +\fB\-g\fR +option\&. .sp -Si l\*(Aqutilisateur fait actuellement partie d\*(Aqun groupe qui n\*(Aqest pas list\('e, l\*(Aqutilisateur sera supprim\('e du groupe\&. Ce comportement peut \(^etre modifi\('e par l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-a\fR, qui permet d\*(Aqajouter l\*(Aqutilisateur \(`a la liste actuelle des groupes suppl\('ementaires\&. +If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user will be removed from the group\&. This behaviour can be changed via the +\fB\-a\fR +option, which appends the user to the current supplementary group list\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-login\fR\ \&\fINOUVEAU_LOGIN\fR +\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-login\fR\ \&\fINEW_LOGIN\fR .RS 4 -Le nom de l\*(Aqutilisateur passera de +The name of the user will be changed from \fILOGIN\fR -\(`a -\fINOUVEAU_LOGIN\fR\&. Rien d\*(Aqautre ne sera modifi\('e\&. En particulier, le nom du r\('epertoire personnel et l\*(Aqemplacement de la bo\(^ite aux lettres de l\*(Aqutilisateur devrontprobablement \(^etre chang\('es pour refl\('eter le nouveau nom de connexion\&. +to +\fINEW_LOGIN\fR\&. Nothing else is changed\&. In particular, the user\*(Aqs home directory or mail spool should probably be renamed manually to reflect the new login name\&. .RE .PP \fB\-L\fR, \fB\-\-lock\fR .RS 4 -Verrouiller le mot de passe d\*(Aqun utilisateur\&. Cette option ajoute un \(Fo\ \&!\ \&\(Fc devant le mot de passe chiffr\('e, ce qui d\('esactive le mot de passe\&. Vous ne pouvez pas utiliser cette option avec +Lock a user\*(Aqs password\&. This puts a \*(Aq!\*(Aq in front of the encrypted password, effectively disabling the password\&. You can\*(Aqt use this option with \fB\-p\fR -ou +or \fB\-U\fR\&. .sp -Remarque\ \&: pour verrouiller le compte (et pas seulement l\*(Aqacc\(`es au compte par un mot de passe), il est \('egalement n\('ecessaire de placer -\fIDATE_FIN_VALIDIT\('E\fR -\(`a +Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +to \fI1\fR\&. .RE .PP @@ -134,38 +150,40 @@ Remarque\ \&: pour verrouiller le compte (et pas seulement l\*(Aqacc\(`es au com .RS 4 D\('eplacer le contenu du r\('epertoire personnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur vers un nouvel emplacement\&. .sp -Cette option ne fonctionne que lorsqu\*(Aqelle est combin\('ee avec l\*(Aqoption +This option is only valid in combination with the \fB\-d\fR -(ou -\fB\-\-home\fR)\&. +(or +\fB\-\-home\fR) option\&. .sp \fBusermod\fR -essayera d\*(Aqadapter les permissions des fichiers et de copier les modes, ACL et attributs \('etendus\&. Cependant, vous risquez de devoir proc\('eder \(`a des modifications vous\-m\(^eme\&. +will try to adapt the ownership of the files and to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be needed afterwards\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR .RS 4 -En combinaison avec l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-u\fR, cette option permet de changer l\*(Aqidentifiant utilisateur vers une valeur d\('ej\(`a utilis\('ee\&. +When used with the +\fB\-u\fR +option, this option allows to change the user ID to a non\-unique value\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIMOT_DE_PASSE\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -Mot de passe chiffr\('e, comme renvoy\('e par +The encrypted password, as returned by \fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. .sp -\fBRemarque\ \&:\fR -l\*(Aqutilisation de cette option est d\('econseill\('ee car le mot de passe (ou le mot de passe chiffr\('e) peut \(^etre visible des utilisateurs qui affichent la liste des processus\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Il est n\('ecessaire de v\('erifier si le mot de passe respecte la politique de mots de passe du syst\(`eme\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -177,7 +195,7 @@ directory and use the configuration files from the directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\-compilation target\&. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified\&. PAM authentication is using the host files\&. No SELINUX support\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fIINTERPR\('ETEUR\fR +\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR .RS 4 Nom du nouvel interpr\('eteur de commandes initial (\(Fo\ \&login shell\ \&\(Fc) de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. Si ce champ est vide, le syst\(`eme s\('electionnera l\*(Aqinterpr\('eteur de commandes initial par d\('efaut\&. .RE @@ -186,129 +204,127 @@ Nom du nouvel interpr\('eteur de commandes initial (\(Fo\ \&login shell\ \&\(Fc) .RS 4 La valeur num\('erique de l\*(Aqidentifiant de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .sp -Cette valeur doit \(^etre unique, \(`a moins que l\*(Aqoption +This value must be unique, unless the \fB\-o\fR -ne soit utilis\('ee\&. La valeur ne doit pas \(^etre n\('egative\&. +option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. .sp La bo\(^ite aux lettres et tous les fichiers poss\('ed\('es par l\*(Aqutilisateur et qui sont situ\('es dans son r\('epertoire personnel verront leur identifiant d\*(Aqutilisateur automatiquement modifi\('e\&. .sp Le propri\('etaire des fichiers en dehors du r\('epertoire personnel de l\*(Aqutilisateur doit \(^etre modifi\('e manuellement\&. .sp -Aucun contr\(^ole ne sera effectu\('e sur les valeurs de +No checks will be performed with regard to the \fBUID_MIN\fR, \fBUID_MAX\fR, -\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR, ou +\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR, or \fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR -du fichier +from /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP \fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-unlock\fR .RS 4 -D\('everrouiller le mot de passe d\*(Aqun utilisateur\&. Cela supprime le \(Fo\ \&!\ \&\(Fc situ\('e devant le mot de passe chiffr\('e\&. Vous ne pouvez pas utiliser cette option avec +Unlock a user\*(Aqs password\&. This removes the \*(Aq!\*(Aq in front of the encrypted password\&. You can\*(Aqt use this option with \fB\-p\fR -ou +or \fB\-L\fR\&. .sp -Remarque\ \&: pour d\('everrouiller le compte (et pas seulement l\*(Aqacc\(`es au compte via un mot de passe), vous devriez d\('efinir la valeur -\fIDATE_FIN_VALIDIT\('E\fR -(par exemple \(`a -\fI99999\fR -ou \(`a la valeur +Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +(for example to +\fI99999\fR, or to the \fBEXPIRE\fR -dans +value from /etc/default/useradd)\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-v\fR, \fB\-\-add\-subuids\fR\ \&\fIPREMIER\fR\-\fIDERNIER\fR +\fB\-v\fR, \fB\-\-add\-subuids\fR\ \&\fIFIRST\fR\-\fILAST\fR .RS 4 Ajoute une plage d\*(AqUIDs subalternes au compte de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .sp Vous pouvez indiquer plusieurs fois cette option, pour ajouter plusieurs plages de comptes utilisateurs\&. .sp -Aucun contr\(^ole ne sera effectu\('e sur les valeurs de +No checks will be performed with regard to \fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR, -\fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR, ou +\fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR, or \fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR -du fichier -/etc/login\&.defs\&. +from /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-V\fR, \fB\-\-del\-subuids\fR\ \&\fIPREMIER\fR\-\fIDERNIER\fR +\fB\-V\fR, \fB\-\-del\-subuids\fR\ \&\fIFIRST\fR\-\fILAST\fR .RS 4 Supprime une plage d\*(AqUids subalternes du compte de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .sp -Vous pouvez indiquer cette option plusieurs fois pour supprimer plusieurs plages du compte d\*(Aqun utilisateur\&. Si vous sp\('ecifiez \(`a la fois +This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a users account\&. When both \fB\-\-del\-subuids\fR -et -\fB\-\-add\-subuids\fR, la suppression de toutes les plages d\*(Aquids subalternes se fait avant tout ajout d\*(Aqune plage d\*(Aquids subalternes\&. +and +\fB\-\-add\-subuids\fR +are specified, the removal of all subordinate uid ranges happens before any subordinate uid range is added\&. .sp -Aucun contr\(^ole ne sera effectu\('e sur les valeurs de +No checks will be performed with regard to \fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR, -\fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR, ou +\fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR, or \fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR -du fichier -/etc/login\&.defs\&. +from /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-add\-subgids\fR\ \&\fIPREMIER\fR\-\fIDERNIER\fR +\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-add\-subgids\fR\ \&\fIFIRST\fR\-\fILAST\fR .RS 4 Ajoute une plage de gids subalternes au compte d\*(Aqun utilisateur\&. .sp Vous pouvez indiquer plusieurs fois cette option, pour ajouter plusieurs plages de comptes utilisateurs\&. .sp -Aucun contr\(^ole ne sera effectu\('e sur les valeurs de +No checks will be performed with regard to \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR, -\fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR, ou +\fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR, or \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR -du fichier -/etc/login\&.defs\&. +from /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-del\-subgids\fR\ \&\fIPREMIER\fR\-\fIDERNIER\fR +\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-del\-subgids\fR\ \&\fIFIRST\fR\-\fILAST\fR .RS 4 Supprime une plage de gids subalternes du compte de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .sp -Vous pouvez indiquer cette option plusieurs fois pour supprimer plusieurs plages du compte d\*(Aqun utilisateur\&. Quand vous indiquez \(`a la fois +This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a users account\&. When both \fB\-\-del\-subgids\fR -et -\fB\-\-add\-subgids\fR, la uppression de touts les plages de gids subalternes se fera aant tout ajout d\*(Aqune plage de gids subalternes\&. +and +\fB\-\-add\-subgids\fR +are specified, the removal of all subordinate gid ranges happens before any subordinate gid range is added\&. .sp -Aucun contr\(^ole ne sera effectu\('e sur les valeurs de +No checks will be performed with regard to \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR, -\fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR, ou +\fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR, or \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR -du fichier -/etc/login\&.defs\&. +from /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR\ \&\fIUTILISATEUR_SELINUX\fR +\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR\ \&\fISEUSER\fR .RS 4 Le nouvel utilisateur SELinux utilis\('e pour la connexion de l\*(Aqutilisateur\&. .sp -Un param\(`etre +A blank \fISEUSER\fR -vide \('eliminera l\*(Aqassociation de l\*(Aqutilisateur SELinux pour l\*(Aqutilisateur +will remove the SELinux user mapping for user \fILOGIN\fR -(si sp\('ecifi\('ee) +(if any)\&. .RE .SH "AVERTISSEMENTS" .PP -Il est n\('ecessaire de contr\(^oler que l\*(Aqidentifiant indiqu\('e n\*(Aqa pas de processus en cours d\*(Aqex\('ecution si cette commande est utilis\('ee pour modifier l\*(Aqidentifiant num\('erique de l\*(Aqutilisateur, son identifiant (login) ou son r\('epertoire personnel\&. +You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes when this command is being executed if the user\*(Aqs numerical user ID, the user\*(Aqs name, or the user\*(Aqs home directory is being changed\&. \fBusermod\fR -effectue ce contr\(^ole sous Linux mais v\('erifie seulement les informations d\*(Aqutmp sur les autres architectures pour v\('erifier si l\*(Aqutilisateur est connect\('e\&. +checks this on Linux\&. On other platforms it only uses utmp to check if the user is logged in\&. .PP -Il est n\('ecessaire de changer manuellement le propri\('etaire des fichiers +You must change the owner of any \fBcrontab\fR -ou des travaux programm\('es par -\fBat\fR\&. +files or +\fBat\fR +jobs manually\&. .PP Les modifications qui concernent NIS doivent \(^etre effectu\('ees sur le serveur NIS\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP -Les variables de configuration suivantes dans +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -modifient le comportement de cet outil\ \&: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number) .RS 4 @@ -319,38 +335,38 @@ No option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing lastlog entries\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 R\('epertoire d\*(Aqattente des courriels (\(Fo\ \&mail spool directory\ \&\(Fc)\&. Ce param\(`etre est n\('ecessaire pour manipuler les bo\(^ites \(`a lettres lorsque le compte d\*(Aqun utilisateur est modifi\('e ou supprim\('e\&. S\*(Aqil n\*(Aqest pas sp\('ecifi\('e, une valeur par d\('efaut d\('efinie \(`a la compilation est utilis\('ee\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (cha\(^ine de caract\(`eres) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 D\('efinir l\*(Aqemplacement des bo\(^ites aux lettres des utilisateurs relativement \(`a leur r\('epertoire personnel\&. .RE .PP -Les param\(`etres +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -et +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -sont utilis\('es par +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -et +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -pour cr\('eer, d\('eplacer ou supprimer les bo\(^ites aux lettres des utilisateurs\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Si +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -est r\('egl\('e sur -\fIyes\fR, ces variables servent \('egalement \(`a d\('efinir la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (nombre) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Nombre maximum de membres par entr\('ee de groupe\&. Lorsque le maximum est atteint, une nouvelle entr\('ee de groupe (ligne) est d\('emarr\('ee dans +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(avec le m\(^eme nom, m\(^eme mot de passe, et m\(^eme GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp La valeur par d\('efaut est 0, ce qui signifie qu\*(Aqil n\*(Aqy a pas de limites pour le nombre de membres dans un groupe\&. .sp @@ -361,50 +377,50 @@ Si vous avez besoin de configurer cette limite, vous pouvez utiliser 25\&. Remarque\ \&: les groupes d\('ecoup\('es ne sont peut\-\(^etre pas pris en charge par tous les outils (m\(^eme dans la suite d\*(Aqoutils Shadow)\&. Vous ne devriez pas utiliser cette variable, sauf si vous en avez vraiment besoin\&. .RE .PP -\fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (nombre) +\fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (number) .RS 4 -Si +If /etc/subuid -existe, les commandes +exists, the commands \fBuseradd\fR -et +and \fBnewusers\fR -affectent \(`a +(unless the user already have subordinate group IDs) allocate \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR -les GIDs non utilis\('es compris entre +unused group IDs from the range \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR -et +to \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR -pour chaque utilisateur (sauf si l\*(Aqutilisateur a d\('ej\(`a indiqu\('e des IDs de groupes subalternes)\&. +for each new user\&. .sp -Les valeurs par d\('efaut pour +The default values for \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR, -\fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR -et +\fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR, \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR -sont respectivement 100000, 600100000 et 65536\&. +are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR (nombre), \fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR (nombre) +\fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR (number) .RS 4 -Si +If /etc/subuid -existe, les commandes +exists, the commands \fBuseradd\fR -et +and \fBnewusers\fR -affectent \(`a +(unless the user already have subordinate user IDs) allocate \fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR -les UIDs non utilis\('es compris entre +unused user IDs from the range \fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR -et +to \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR -pour chaque utilisateur (sauf si l\*(Aqutilisateur a d\('ej\(`a indiqu\('e des IDs de utilisateurs subalternes)\&. +for each new user\&. .sp -Les valeurs par d\('efaut pour +The default values for \fBSUB_UID_MIN\fR, \fBSUB_UID_MAX\fR, -\fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR, sont respectivement 100000, 600100000 et 65536\&. +\fBSUB_UID_COUNT\fR +are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" .PP @@ -453,5 +469,6 @@ IDs de utilisateurs subalternes d\*(Aqun utilisateur\&. \fBgroupdel\fR(8), \fBgroupmod\fR(8), \fBlogin.defs\fR(5), -\fBsubgid\fR(5), \fBsubuid\fR(5),\fBuseradd\fR(8), +\fBsubgid\fR(5), \fBsubuid\fR(5), +\fBuseradd\fR(8), \fBuserdel\fR(8)\&. diff --git a/man/fr/man8/vipw.8 b/man/fr/man8/vipw.8 index 1d79dad7..d856ae89 100644 --- a/man/fr/man8/vipw.8 +++ b/man/fr/man8/vipw.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: vipw .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Commandes de gestion du syst\(`eme -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: French .\" -.TH "VIPW" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" +.TH "VIPW" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Commandes de gestion du syst\(`em" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -36,28 +36,29 @@ vipw, vigr \- \('Editer les fichiers passwd, group, shadow ou gshadow \fBvigr\fR [\fIoptions\fR] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .PP +The \fBvipw\fR -et +and \fBvigr\fR -permettent de modifier les fichiers +commands edits the files /etc/passwd -et -/etc/group, respectivement\&. Avec l\*(Aqoption -\fB\-s\fR, ils permettent d\*(Aq\('editer les versions cach\('ees de ces fichiers\ \&: +and +/etc/group, respectively\&. With the +\fB\-s\fR +flag, they will edit the shadow versions of those files, /etc/shadow -et -/etc/gshadow, respectivement\&. Ces programmes placent les verrous n\('ecessaires afin d\*(Aq\('eviter toute corruption des fichiers\&. L\*(Aq\('editeur utilis\('e est choisi d\*(Aqabord en fonction de la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement -\fB$VISUAL\fR, puis de la variable d\*(Aqenvironnement -\fB$EDITOR\fR\&. \(`A d\('efaut, l\*(Aq\('editeur, -\fBvi\fR(1) -est utilis\('e quand ces variables ne sont pas d\('efinies\&. +and +/etc/gshadow, respectively\&. The programs will set the appropriate locks to prevent file corruption\&. When looking for an editor, the programs will first try the environment variable +\fB$VISUAL\fR, then the environment variable +\fB$EDITOR\fR, and finally the default editor, +\fBvi\fR(1)\&. .SH "OPTIONS" .PP -Les options applicables aux commandes +The options which apply to the \fBvipw\fR -et +and \fBvigr\fR -sont\ \&: +commands are: .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR .RS 4 @@ -79,12 +80,13 @@ Afficher un message d\*(Aqaide et quitter\&. Mode silencieux\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Appliquer les changements dans le r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR -et utiliser les fichiers de configuration du r\('epertoire -\fIR\('EP_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shadow\fR @@ -100,9 +102,9 @@ L\*(Aq\('editeur \(`a utiliser .PP \fBEDITOR\fR .RS 4 -L\*(Aq\('editeur \(`a utiliser si +Editor to be used if \fBVISUAL\fR -n\*(Aqest pas d\('efinie\&. +is not set\&. .RE .SH "FICHIERS" .PP @@ -129,6 +131,7 @@ Informations s\('ecuris\('ees sur les comptes utilisateurs\&. .PP \fBvi\fR(1), \fBgroup\fR(5), -\fBgshadow\fR(5), +\fBgshadow\fR(5) +, \fBpasswd\fR(5), , \fBshadow\fR(5)\&. diff --git a/man/generate_translations.mak b/man/generate_translations.mak index 7d242cc9..eb9ac411 100644 --- a/man/generate_translations.mak +++ b/man/generate_translations.mak @@ -5,8 +5,19 @@ config.xml: ../config.xml.in $(MAKE) -C .. config.xml cp ../config.xml $@ -%.xml: ../%.xml ../po/$(LANG).po - xml2po --expand-all-entities -l $(LANG) -p ../po/$(LANG).po -o $@ ../$@ +messages.mo: ../po/$(LANG).po + msgfmt ../po/$(LANG).po -o messages.mo + +login.defs.d: + ln -sf ../login.defs.d login.defs.d + +%.xml: ../%.xml messages.mo login.defs.d + if grep -q SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE $< ; then \ + sed -e 's/^<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE -->/<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;/' $< > $@; \ + else \ + sed -e 's/^\(<!DOCTYPE .*docbookx.dtd"\)>/\1 [<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;]>/' $< > $@; \ + fi + itstool -d -l $(LANG) -m messages.mo -o . $@ sed -i 's:\(^<refentry .*\)>:\1 lang="$(LANG)">:' $@ include ../generate_mans.mak @@ -16,4 +27,4 @@ $(man_MANS): @echo you need to run configure with --enable-man to generate man pages endif -CLEANFILES = .xml2po.mo $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml +CLEANFILES = messages.mo login.defs.d $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml diff --git a/man/hu/Makefile.in b/man/hu/Makefile.in index 14406ffb..f2ffb334 100644 --- a/man/hu/Makefile.in +++ b/man/hu/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -176,6 +176,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -198,6 +199,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -243,6 +245,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -339,8 +342,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(top_builddir)/config.status: $(top_srcdir)/configure $(CONFIG_STATUS_DEPENDENCIES) @@ -493,7 +496,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ diff --git a/man/id/Makefile.in b/man/id/Makefile.in index 6747f7ae..ebf4a793 100644 --- a/man/id/Makefile.in +++ b/man/id/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -174,6 +174,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -196,6 +197,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -241,6 +243,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -330,8 +333,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(top_builddir)/config.status: $(top_srcdir)/configure $(CONFIG_STATUS_DEPENDENCIES) @@ -441,7 +444,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ diff --git a/man/it/Makefile.in b/man/it/Makefile.in index d597fd3c..5d3ec599 100644 --- a/man/it/Makefile.in +++ b/man/it/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -202,6 +203,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -247,6 +249,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -338,7 +341,7 @@ LANG = $(notdir $(CURDIR)) @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@USE_SHA_CRYPT_TRUE@SHA_CRYPT_COND = sha_crypt @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_FALSE@SUBIDS_COND = no_subids @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_TRUE@SUBIDS_COND = subids -CLEANFILES = .xml2po.mo $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml +CLEANFILES = messages.mo login.defs.d $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml all: all-am .SUFFIXES: @@ -359,8 +362,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(srcdir)/../generate_translations.mak $(srcdir)/../generate_mans.mak $(am__empty): @@ -557,7 +560,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ @@ -718,8 +724,19 @@ uninstall-man: uninstall-man1 uninstall-man3 uninstall-man5 \ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ $(MAKE) -C .. config.xml @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ cp ../config.xml $@ -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml ../po/$(LANG).po -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ xml2po --expand-all-entities -l $(LANG) -p ../po/$(LANG).po -o $@ ../$@ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@messages.mo: ../po/$(LANG).po +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ msgfmt ../po/$(LANG).po -o messages.mo + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@login.defs.d: +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ ln -sf ../login.defs.d login.defs.d + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml messages.mo login.defs.d +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ if grep -q SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE $< ; then \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE -->/<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ else \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^\(<!DOCTYPE .*docbookx.dtd"\)>/\1 [<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;]>/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ fi +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ itstool -d -l $(LANG) -m messages.mo -o . $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -i 's:\(^<refentry .*\)>:\1 lang="$(LANG)">:' $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml-config: %.xml diff --git a/man/it/man1/chage.1 b/man/it/man1/chage.1 index dd759ad4..ab347bf0 100644 --- a/man/it/man1/chage.1 +++ b/man/it/man1/chage.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chage .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi utente -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "CHAGE" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi utente" +.TH "CHAGE" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi utente" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,27 +34,29 @@ chage \- cambia le informazioni sulla scadenza della password \fBchage\fR [\fIopzioni\fR] \fILOGIN\fR .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP +The \fBchage\fR -modifica il numero minimo di giorni tra i cambi di password e la data dell\*(Aqultimo cambio\&. Queste informazioni sono usate dal sistema per determinare quando un utente deve cambiare la propria password\&. +command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change\&. This information is used by the system to determine when a user must change their password\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBchage\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-lastday\fR\ \&\fIULTIMO_GIORNO\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-lastday\fR\ \&\fILAST_DAY\fR .RS 4 Imposta la data dell\*(Aqultimo cambio della password, espressa come il numero di giorni trascorsi dal 1 gennaio 1970\&. La data pu\(`o anche essere specificata nel formato AAAA\-MM\-GG o nella notazione comunemente usata nel proprio paese\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-E\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIDATA_SCADENZA\fR +\fB\-E\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 Imposta la data o il numero di giorni dal 1 gennaio 1970 dal quale l\*(Aqaccount utente non sar\(`a pi\(`u accessibile\&. La data pu\(`o essere inserita nel formato AAAA\-MM\-GG (o il formato pi\(`u comunemente utilizzato nel proprio paese)\&. Un utente il cui account sia bloccato deve contattare l\*(Aqamministratore di sistema prima di poter accedere nuovamente al sistema\&. .sp -Se si passa il numero +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -come -\fIDATA_SCADENZA\fR, si rimuove la data di scadenza dell\*(Aqaccount\&. +as the +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +will remove an account expiration date\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -62,17 +64,22 @@ come Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINATTIVO\fR +\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-iso8601\fR .RS 4 -Imposta il numero di giorni di inattivit\(`a dopo la scadenza della password dopo i quali l\*(Aqaccount viene bloccato\&. L\*(Aqopzione -\fIINATTIVO\fR -indica il numero di giorni di inattivit\(`a\&. Un utente con l\*(Aqaccount bloccato deve contattare l\*(Aqamministratore prima di poter usare ancora il sistema\&. +When printing dates, use YYYY\-MM\-DD format\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR +.RS 4 +Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked\&. The +\fIINACTIVE\fR +option is the number of days of inactivity\&. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again\&. .sp -Utilizzare il numero +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -come -\fIINATTIVO\fR -elimina l\*(Aqintervallo di inattivit\(`a dall\*(Aqaccount\&. +as the +\fIINACTIVE\fR +will remove an account\*(Aqs inactivity\&. .RE .PP \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-list\fR @@ -80,61 +87,66 @@ elimina l\*(Aqintervallo di inattivit\(`a dall\*(Aqaccount\&. Visualizza le informazioni sulla scadenza dell\*(Aqaccount\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_GIORNI\fR +\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Imposta il numero minimo di giorni tra i cambi di password a -\fIMIN_GIORNI\fR\&. Un valore pari a zero indica che l\*(Aqutente pu\(`o cambiare la propria password in qualsiasi momento\&. +Set the minimum number of days between password changes to +\fIMIN_DAYS\fR\&. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_GIORNI\fR +\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Imposta il numero massimo di giorni di validit\(`a di una password\&. Quando la somma di -\fIMAX_GIORNI\fR -e -\fIULTIMO_GIORNO\fR -\(`e inferiore alla data odierna, l\*(Aqutente \(`e obbligato a cambiare la password prima di poter usare ancora il proprio account\&. Questo evento pu\(`o essere reso noto in anticipo usando l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-W\fR, che fornisce un preavviso all\*(Aqutente\&. +Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid\&. When +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR +plus +\fILAST_DAY\fR +is less than the current day, the user will be required to change their password before being able to use their account\&. This occurrence can be planned for in advance by use of the +\fB\-W\fR +option, which provides the user with advance warning\&. .sp -Usare il valore +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -come -\fIMAX_GIORNI\fR -rimuove il controllo sulla validit\(`a della password\&. +as +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR +will remove checking a password\*(Aqs validity\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIAVVISO_GIORNI\fR +\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Imposta il numero di giorni di preavviso prima che sia obbligatorio cambiare la password\&. L\*(Aqopzione -\fIAVVISO_GIORNI\fR -indica il numero di giorni prima della scadenza della password in cui l\*(Aqutente viene avvertito dell\*(Aqimminente scadenza\&. +Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required\&. The +\fIWARN_DAYS\fR +option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned their password is about to expire\&. .RE .PP -Se non viene specificata nessuna opzione, +If none of the options are selected, \fBchage\fR -opera in modalit\(`a interattiva, chiedendo all\*(Aqutente il nuovo valore per ogni campo\&. Inserire un nuovo valore per modificare il campo, oppure lasciare la riga vuota per continuare a usare il valore attuale\&. I valori attuali vengono mostrati tra parentesi quadre -\fI[ ]\fR\&. +operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields\&. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value\&. The current value is displayed between a pair of +\fI[ ]\fR +marks\&. .SH "NOTA" .PP +The \fBchage\fR -richiede che il file delle password shadow sia disponibile\&. +program requires a shadow password file to be available\&. .PP -L\*(Aquso del comando +The \fBchage\fR -\(`e permesso solo all\*(Aqutente root, tranne per l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-l\fR, che pu\(`o essere usata da un utente non privilegiato per conoscere la scadenza della propria password o dell\*(Aqaccount\&. +command is restricted to the root user, except for the +\fB\-l\fR +option, which may be used by an unprivileged user to determine when their password or account is due to expire\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .SH "FILE" .PP /etc/passwd @@ -148,28 +160,28 @@ Informazioni sicure sugli account utente\&. .RE .SH "VALORI RESTITUITI" .PP -Il comando +The \fBchage\fR -restituisce i seguenti valori: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -successo +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -permesso negato +permission denied .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -sintassi del comando errata +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI15\fR .RS 4 -non \(`e possibile trovare il file delle password shadow +can\*(Aqt find the shadow password file .RE .SH "VEDERE ANCHE" .PP diff --git a/man/it/man1/chfn.1 b/man/it/man1/chfn.1 index ace72110..8487d5db 100644 --- a/man/it/man1/chfn.1 +++ b/man/it/man1/chfn.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chfn .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi utente -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "CHFN" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi utente" +.TH "CHFN" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi utente" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,50 +34,53 @@ chfn \- cambia il nome dell\*(Aqutente e altre informazioni \fBchfn\fR [\fIopzioni\fR] [\fILOGIN\fR] .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP +The \fBchfn\fR -\(`e usato per cambiare il nome completo dell\*(Aqutilizzatore, il numero di stanza dell\*(Aqufficio, quello di telefono dell\*(Aqufficio e di casa\&. Questi dati sono normalmente stampati dal programma +command changes user fullname, office room number, office phone number, and home phone number information for a user\*(Aqs account\&. This information is typically printed by \fBfinger\fR(1) -o equivalenti\&. Un utente normale pu\(`o cambiare solo i dati relativi al proprio account, con eventuali altre limitazioni specificate in -/etc/login\&.defs\&. (La configurazione predefinita impedisce la modifica del proprio nome completo\&.) Il super utente pu\(`o cambiare tutte le informazioni di ciascun utente\&. Inoltre, solo il super utente pu\(`o usare l\*(Aqopzione +and similar programs\&. A normal user may only change the fields for her own account, subject to the restrictions in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. (The default configuration is to prevent users from changing their fullname\&.) The superuser may change any field for any account\&. Additionally, only the superuser may use the \fB\-o\fR -per la modifica delle parti non definite del campo GECOS\&. +option to change the undefined portions of the GECOS field\&. .PP -Questi campi non possono contenere nessun carattere due punti\&. Ad eccezione del campo -\fIother\fR, non dovrebbero contenere nessuna virgola e nessun segno uguale\&. \(`E anche consigliato di evitare caratteri non US\-ACII, ma su questo viene fatto un controllo solo per il numero di telefono\&. Il campo +These fields must not contain any colons\&. Except for the \fIother\fR -viene utilizzato per memorizzare informazioni sull\*(Aq\(Foaccounting\(Fc da altre applicazioni\&. +field, they should not contain any comma or equal sign\&. It is also recommended to avoid non\-US\-ASCII characters, but this is only enforced for the phone numbers\&. The +\fIother\fR +field is used to store accounting information used by other applications\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBchfn\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-full\-name\fR\ \&\fINOME_COMPLETO\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-full\-name\fR\ \&\fIFULL_NAME\fR .RS 4 Cambia il nome completo dell\*(Aqutente\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-home\-phone\fR\ \&\fITELEFONO_CASA\fR +\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-home\-phone\fR\ \&\fIHOME_PHONE\fR .RS 4 Cambia il numero di telefono di casa dell\*(Aqutente\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-other\fR\ \&\fIALTRO\fR +\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-other\fR\ \&\fIOTHER\fR .RS 4 Cambia il campo GECOS per le altre informazioni\&. Questo campo viene utilizzato per memorizzare informazioni di \(Foaccounting\(Fc usate da altre applicazioni, e pu\(`o essere modificato solo dal super utente\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-room\fR\ \&\fINUMERO_STANZA\fR +\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-room\fR\ \&\fIROOM_NUMBER\fR .RS 4 Cambia il numero della stanza dell\*(Aqutente\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -85,61 +88,62 @@ e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-work\-phone\fR\ \&\fITELEFONO_LAVORO\fR +\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-work\-phone\fR\ \&\fIWORK_PHONE\fR .RS 4 Cambia il numero di telefono di lavoro dell\*(Aqutente\&. .RE .PP -Se nessuna delle opzioni \(`e selezionata, +If none of the options are selected, \fBchfn\fR -opera in maniera interattiva, chiedendo all\*(Aqutente il valore da impostare per ogni campo\&. Inserire un nuovo valore per sostituire il contenuto attuale, oppure lasciare la riga vuota per non cambiarlo\&. Il valore attuale \(`e mostrato tra le parentesi -\fB[ ]\fR\&. Senza nessuna opzione, +operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields\&. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value\&. The current value is displayed between a pair of +\fB[ ]\fR +marks\&. Without options, \fBchfn\fR -opera sull\*(Aqaccount corrente\&. +prompts for the current user account\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (booleano) +\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Se -\fIyes\fR, il programma +If +\fIyes\fR, the \fBchfn\fR -richieder\(`a l\*(Aqautenticazione prima di apportare qualsiasi modifica, a meno che non sia eseguito dal super utente\&. +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (testo) +\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (string) .RS 4 -Questo parametro specifica quali valori del campo +This parameter specifies which values in the \fIgecos\fR -del file +field of the /etc/passwd -possono essere cambiati da utenti normali usando il programma -\fBchfn\fR\&. Pu\(`o essere una combinazione qualsiasi delle lettere +file may be changed by regular users using the +\fBchfn\fR +program\&. It can be any combination of letters \fIf\fR, \fIr\fR, \fIw\fR, -\fIh\fR -per \(FoNome completo (f)\(Fc, \(FoNumero stanza (r)\(Fc, \(FoTelefono di lavoro (w)\(Fc e \(FoTelefono di casa (h)\(Fc\&. Per compatibilit\(`a con precedenti versioni, +\fIh\fR, for Full name, Room number, Work phone, and Home phone, respectively\&. For backward compatibility, \fIyes\fR -\(`e quivalente a +is equivalent to \fIrwh\fR -e +and \fIno\fR -\(`e equivalente a -\fIfrwh\fR\&. Se non specificato, solo il super utente pu\(`o effettuare modifiche\&. Le impostazioni pi\(`u stringenti si ottengono installando +is equivalent to +\fIfrwh\fR\&. If not specified, only the superuser can make any changes\&. The most restrictive setting is better achieved by not installing \fBchfn\fR -non SUID\&. +SUID\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (testo) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 Il testo da utilizzare per richiedere la password\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e \(FoPassword: \(Fc o una sua traduzione\&. Se si imposta questa variabile allora il testo non verr\(`a tradotto\&. .sp -Se il testo contiene -\fI%s\fR, questo verr\(`a sostituito dal nome dell\*(Aqutente\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .SH "FILE" .PP diff --git a/man/it/man1/chsh.1 b/man/it/man1/chsh.1 index e6bdf8e4..fcb08b71 100644 --- a/man/it/man1/chsh.1 +++ b/man/it/man1/chsh.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chsh .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi utente -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "CHSH" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi utente" +.TH "CHSH" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi utente" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,14 +34,14 @@ chsh \- cambia la shell di login \fBchsh\fR [\fIopzioni\fR] [\fILOGIN\fR] .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il comando +The \fBchsh\fR -cambia la shell di login dell\*(Aqutente, in altre parole determina il comando iniziale eseguito quando un utente accede al sistema\&. Chiunque pu\(`o cambiare la propria shell di login, mentre l\*(Aqamministratore pu\(`o cambiare la shell di login per ogni account\&. +command changes the user login shell\&. This determines the name of the user\*(Aqs initial login command\&. A normal user may only change the login shell for her own account; the superuser may change the login shell for any account\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBchsh\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -50,10 +50,11 @@ Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR @@ -61,38 +62,41 @@ e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory Il nome della nuova shell di login dell\*(Aqutente\&. Lasciando questo campo vuoto si fa in modo che il sistema selezioni la shell di login predefinita\&. .RE .PP -Se non viene usata l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-s\fR, +If the +\fB\-s\fR +option is not selected, \fBchsh\fR -opera in maniera interattiva, mostrando all\*(Aqutente la shell attuale\&. Inserire il nuovo valore oppure lasciare la riga vuota per non modificare il valore attuale\&. La shell attuale \(`e mostrata tra parentesi -\fI[ ]\fR\&. +operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current login shell\&. Enter the new value to change the shell, or leave the line blank to use the current one\&. The current shell is displayed between a pair of +\fI[ ]\fR +marks\&. .SH "NOTA" .PP -L\*(Aqunica limitazione sulla scelta della shell di login \(`e che il nome del comando deve essere presente in -/etc/shells; fa eccezione l\*(Aqamministratore di sistema, che \(`e libero di scegliere qualsiasi valore\&. Un account con una shell di login limitata non pu\(`o cambiare la propria shell di login\&. Per questo motivo \(`e sconsigliato includere +The only restriction placed on the login shell is that the command name must be listed in +/etc/shells, unless the invoker is the superuser, and then any value may be added\&. An account with a restricted login shell may not change her login shell\&. For this reason, placing /bin/rsh in -/etc/shells: se accidentalmente un utente selezionasse una shell limitata, non potrebbe pi\(`u tornare alla shell di login che usava originariamente\&. +/etc/shells +is discouraged since accidentally changing to a restricted shell would prevent the user from ever changing her login shell back to its original value\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (booleano) +\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Se -\fIyes\fR, il comando +If +\fIyes\fR, the \fBchsh\fR -richieder\(`a l\*(Aqautenticazione prima di apportare qualsiasi modifica, a meno che sia utilizzato dal super utente\&. +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (testo) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 Il testo da utilizzare per richiedere la password\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e \(FoPassword: \(Fc o una sua traduzione\&. Se si imposta questa variabile allora il testo non verr\(`a tradotto\&. .sp -Se il testo contiene -\fI%s\fR, questo verr\(`a sostituito dal nome dell\*(Aqutente\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .SH "FILE" .PP diff --git a/man/it/man1/expiry.1 b/man/it/man1/expiry.1 index 929fbdcc..75b12434 100644 --- a/man/it/man1/expiry.1 +++ b/man/it/man1/expiry.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: expiry .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi utente -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi utente" +.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi utente" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,13 +34,14 @@ expiry \- controlla e fa rispettare la scadenza della password \fBexpiry\fR \fIopzione\fR .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP +The \fBexpiry\fR -controlla (\fB\-c\fR) la scadenza della password in uso e, se necessario, richiede (\fB\-f\fR) che venga cambiata quando necessario\&. Questo comando pu\(`o essere eseguito da un utente qualsiasi\&. +command checks (\fB\-c\fR) the current password expiration and forces (\fB\-f\fR) changes when required\&. It is callable as a normal user command\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBexpiry\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-check\fR .RS 4 diff --git a/man/it/man1/gpasswd.1 b/man/it/man1/gpasswd.1 index e6410f91..3bc31286 100644 --- a/man/it/man1/gpasswd.1 +++ b/man/it/man1/gpasswd.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: gpasswd .\" Author: Rafal Maszkowski .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi utente -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "GPASSWD" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi utente" +.TH "GPASSWD" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi utente" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -28,63 +28,63 @@ .\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE * .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .SH "NOME" -gpasswd \- amministra /etc/group e /etc/gshadow +gpasswd \- administer /etc/group and /etc/gshadow .SH "SINOSSI" .HP \w'\fBgpasswd\fR\ 'u \fBgpasswd\fR [\fIopzione\fR] \fIgruppo\fR .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il comando +The \fBgpasswd\fR -\(`e utilizzato per amministrare -/etc/groupe /etc/gshadow\&. Ogni gruppo pu\(`o avereamministratori, -membri e una password\&. +command is used to administer +/etc/group, and /etc/gshadow\&. Every group can have +administrators, +members and a password\&. .PP -Gli amministratori di sistema possono usare l\*(Aqopzione +System administrators can use the \fB\-A\fR -per definire l\*(Aqamministratore/gli amministratori di gruppo e l\*(Aqopzione +option to define group administrator(s) and the \fB\-M\fR -per definire i membri ed hanno tutti i permessi degli amministratori di gruppo e dei membri\&. +option to define members\&. They have all rights of group administrators and members\&. .PP \fBgpasswd\fR -richiamato da -un amminstatore di gruppo -con un nome di gruppo richiede solo la nuova password del -\fIgruppo\fR\&. +called by +a group administrator +with a group name only prompts for the new password of the +\fIgroup\fR\&. .PP -Se la password \(`e impostata i membri possono ancora usare +If a password is set the members can still use \fBnewgrp\fR(1) -senza la password, i non\-membri devono fornire la password\&. +without a password, and non\-members must supply the password\&. .SS "Note sulle password di gruppo" .PP Le password di gruppo rappresentano un intrinseco problema di sicurezza perch\('e pi\(`u di una persona deve conoscerle\&. Ciononostante i gruppi sono uno strumento molto utile per la cooperazione tra vari utenti\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Ad eccezione di +Except for the \fB\-A\fR -e -\fB\-M\fR, le altre opzioni non possono essere combinate\&. +and +\fB\-M\fR +options, the options cannot be combined\&. .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBgpasswd\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP -\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIutente\fR +\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR .RS 4 -Aggiunge -\fIutente\fR -al -\fIgruppo\fR -indicato\&. +Add the +\fIuser\fR +to the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fIutente\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR .RS 4 -Rimuove -\fIutente\fR -dal -\fIgruppo\fR -indicato\&. +Remove the +\fIuser\fR +from the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -94,71 +94,71 @@ Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .PP \fB\-Q\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-remove\-password\fR .RS 4 -Rimuove la password dal -\fIgruppo\fR -indicato\&. La password del gruppo sar\(`a vuota\&. Solo ai membri del gruppo sar\(`a ammesso l\*(Aqaccesso tramite +Remove the password from the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. The group password will be empty\&. Only group members will be allowed to use \fBnewgrp\fR -al -\fIgruppo\fR -indicato\&. +to join the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-restrict\fR .RS 4 -Limita l\*(Aqaccesso al -\fIgruppo\fR -indicato\&. La password del gruppo \(`e cambiata in \(Fo!\(Fc\&. Solo ai membri del gruppo con una password verr\(`a permesso di usare +Restrict the access to the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. The group password is set to "!"\&. Only group members with a password will be allowed to use \fBnewgrp\fR -per accedere al -\fIgruppo\fR -indicato\&. +to join the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-A\fR, \fB\-\-administrators\fR\ \&\fIutente\fR,\&.\&.\&. +\fB\-A\fR, \fB\-\-administrators\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR,\&.\&.\&. .RS 4 Imposta l\*(Aqelenco degli utenti amministratori\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-members\fR\ \&\fIutente\fR,\&.\&.\&. +\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-members\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR,\&.\&.\&. .RS 4 Definisce l\*(Aqelenco dei membri del gruppo\&. .RE .SH "AVVISI/CAVEAT" .PP -Questo strumento opera solo sul file -/etc/groupe sul file /etc/gshadow\&. Quindi non si possono modificare gruppi NIS o LDAP\&. Questo dovrebbe essere fatto sul corrispondente server\&. +This tool only operates on the +/etc/group +and /etc/gshadow files\&. +Thus you cannot change any NIS or LDAP group\&. This must be performed on the corresponding server\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (testo) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Definisce l\*(Aqalgoritmo di cifratura predefinito per le password (se non ne viene specificato uno a riga di comando)\&. .sp -Pu\(`o avere uno dei seguenti valori: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(predefinito), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Nota: questo parametro ha la precedenza sulla variabile -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (numero) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Numero massimo di membri per gruppo\&. Quando viene raggiunto il massimo, viene creata una nuova riga per il gruppo nel file +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(con lo stesso nome, stessa password e stesso GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Il valore predefinito \(`e 0, che non pone nessun limite al numero di membri per gruppo\&. .sp @@ -169,31 +169,30 @@ Se si deve impostare questo limite, si pu\(`o usare 25\&. Nota: la divisione dei gruppi potrebbe non essere supportata da ogni strumento (anche all\*(Aqinterno del pacchetto Shadow)\&. Non si dovrebbe utilizzare questa variabile a meno di esserci forzati\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Indica se le password vanno cifrate usando l\*(Aqalgoritmo basato su MD5\&. Se impostato a -\fIyes\fR -le nuove password saranno cifrate usando un algoritmo basato su MD5 e compatibile con quello delle versioni pi\(`u recenti di FreeBSD\&. Supporta password di lunghezza qualsiasi e testi \(Fosalt\(Fc pi\(`u lunghi\&. Impostare a +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to \fIno\fR -se si devono copiare password su altri sistemi che non gestiscono l\*(Aqalgoritmo\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Questa variabile ha meno priorit\(`a della variabile +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -e di qualsiasi opzione a riga di comando che imposta un algoritmo di cifratura\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Questa variabile non \(`e pi\(`u usata\&. Si dovrebbe utilizzare +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (numerico), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (numerico) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Quando +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -vale +is set to \fISHA256\fR -o -\fISHA512\fR, questo definisce il numero di cicli SHA usati per l\*(Aqalgoritmo di cifratura (quando il numero di cicli non \(`e impostato a riga di comando)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Con molti cicli \(`e pi\(`u difficile trovare una password usando la forza bruta\&. Ma va notato che \(`e richiesta maggiore potenza di calcolo per autenticare gli utenti\&. .sp @@ -201,15 +200,16 @@ Se non specificato sar\(`a la libc a scegliere il numero di cicli (5000)\&. .sp Il valore deve essere compreso tra 1\&.000 e 999\&.999\&.999\&. .sp -Se viene impostato solo uno tra +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -e -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, allora l\*(Aqunico valore viene utilizzato\&. +or +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Se +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, allora viene utilizzato il maggiore\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "FILE" .PP diff --git a/man/it/man1/groups.1 b/man/it/man1/groups.1 index 2fcd6eec..a55247a8 100644 --- a/man/it/man1/groups.1 +++ b/man/it/man1/groups.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groups .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi utente -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "GROUPS" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi utente" +.TH "GROUPS" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi utente" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,20 +34,22 @@ groups \- mostra i nomi dei gruppi correnti \fBgroups\fR [\fIutente\fR] .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Per ciascuno dei gruppi correnti, il comando +The \fBgroups\fR -mostra i nomi o i valori ID\&. Se un valore non ha nessuna voce corrispondente in -/etc/group, esso viene mostrato in forma numerica\&. Se viene specificato un -\fIutente\fR, vengono mostrati i gruppi a cui appartiene quel determinato -\fIutente\fR\&. +command displays the current group names or ID values\&. If the value does not have a corresponding entry in +/etc/group, the value will be displayed as the numerical group value\&. The optional +\fIuser\fR +parameter will display the groups for the named +\fIuser\fR\&. .SH "NOTA" .PP -Sui sistemi che non supportano l\*(Aqappartenenza contemporanea a pi\(`u gruppi, vengono riportate le informazioni da -/etc/group\&. L\*(Aqutente deve usare +Systems which do not support concurrent group sets will have the information from +/etc/group +reported\&. The user must use \fBnewgrp\fR -o +or \fBsg\fR -per cambiare gli ID reale ed effettivo del gruppo\&. +to change his current real and effective group ID\&. .SH "FILE" .PP /etc/group diff --git a/man/it/man1/id.1 b/man/it/man1/id.1 index 90748b02..730cd287 100644 --- a/man/it/man1/id.1 +++ b/man/it/man1/id.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: id .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi utente -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "ID" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi utente" +.TH "ID" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi utente" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/it/man1/login.1 b/man/it/man1/login.1 index c4db227c..1d9fb240 100644 --- a/man/it/man1/login.1 +++ b/man/it/man1/login.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi utente -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "LOGIN" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi utente" +.TH "LOGIN" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi utente" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,77 +31,78 @@ login \- apre una sessione sul sistema .SH "SINOSSI" .HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u -\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fImacchina\fR] [\fInome\fR] [\fIENV=VAR\fR...] +\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIhost\fR] [\fInome\fR] [\fIENV=VAR\fR...] .HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u -\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fImacchina\fR] \-f \fInome\fR +\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIhost\fR] \-f \fInome\fR .HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u -\fBlogin\fR [\-p] \-r\ \fImacchina\fR +\fBlogin\fR [\-p] \-r\ \fIhost\fR .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP +The \fBlogin\fR -viene utilizzato per aprire una sessione sul sistema\&. Normalmente viene invocato automaticamente rispondendo al prompt +program is used to establish a new session with the system\&. It is normally invoked automatically by responding to the \fIlogin:\fR -del terminale\&. +prompt on the user\*(Aqs terminal\&. \fBlogin\fR -pu\(`o essere trattato in maniera speciale dalla shell e non pu\(`o essere invocato come sottoprocesso\&. Quando \(`e richiamato dalla shell, +may be special to the shell and may not be invoked as a sub\-process\&. When called from a shell, \fBlogin\fR -va invocato come +should be executed as \fBexec login\fR -che termina la shell utente attuale (il che impedir\(`a al nuovo utente che accede, di poter ritornare alla sessione del chiamante)\&. Il tentativo di esecuzione di +which will cause the user to exit from the current shell (and thus will prevent the new logged in user to return to the session of the caller)\&. Attempting to execute \fBlogin\fR -da una shell che non sia quella di login produce un messaggio d\*(Aqerrore\&. +from any shell but the login shell will produce an error message\&. .PP -Se necessario viene quindi chiesta la password all\*(Aqutente\&. Durante questa operazione l\*(Aqeco sul terminale \(`e disabilitata per non rivelare la password\&. Solo un basso numero di tentativi falliti \(`e permesso prima che +The user is then prompted for a password, where appropriate\&. Echoing is disabled to prevent revealing the password\&. Only a small number of password failures are permitted before \fBlogin\fR -termini e che la connessione sia interrotta\&. +exits and the communications link is severed\&. .PP -Se la scadenza delle password \(`e abilitata per il proprio account, prima di proseguire ci pu\(`o essere la richiesta di una nuova password\&. Il programma chieder\(`a prima la vecchia password e poi la nuova per poter continuare\&. Per maggiori informazioni si faccia riferimento a -\fBpasswd\fR(1)\&. +If password aging has been enabled for your account, you may be prompted for a new password before proceeding\&. You will be forced to provide your old password and the new password before continuing\&. Please refer to +\fBpasswd\fR(1) +for more information\&. .PP -Dopo aver completato correttamente l\*(Aqaccesso, vengono mostrati eventuali messaggi di sistema e si viene informati della presenza di nuova posta\&. Si pu\(`o evitare di visualizzare i messaggi in -/etc/motd -creando un file vuoto chiamato +After a successful login, you will be informed of any system messages and the presence of mail\&. You may turn off the printing of the system message file, +/etc/motd, by creating a zero\-length file \&.hushlogin -nella propria directory di login\&. Il messaggio relativo alla presenza di posta \(`e \(Fo\fIC\*(Aq\(`e nuova posta\&.\fR\(Fc, \(Fo\fIC\*(Aq\(`e posta\&.\fR\(Fc o \(Fo\fINessun messaggio di posta\&.\fR\(Fc a seconda dello stato della propria casella di posta\&. +in your login directory\&. The mail message will be one of "\fIYou have new mail\&.\fR", "\fIYou have mail\&.\fR", or "\fINo Mail\&.\fR" according to the condition of your mailbox\&. .PP -I propri ID di utente e gruppo vengono poi impostati in base ai valori definiti nel file -/etc/passwd\&. I valori di +Your user and group ID will be set according to their values in the +/etc/passwd +file\&. The value for \fB$HOME\fR, \fB$SHELL\fR, \fB$PATH\fR, -\fB$LOGNAME\fR -e +\fB$LOGNAME\fR, and \fB$MAIL\fR -sono impostati in base ai campi appropriati nella voce della password\&. Anche i valori per ulimit, umask e nice possono essere impostati in base al campo GECOS\&. +are set according to the appropriate fields in the password entry\&. Ulimit, umask and nice values may also be set according to entries in the GECOS field\&. .PP -In alcune installazioni la variabile d\*(Aqambiente +On some installations, the environmental variable \fB$TERM\fR -pu\(`o essere impostata in base al tipo di terminale della propria connessione, come specificato in +will be initialized to the terminal type on your tty line, as specified in /etc/ttytype\&. .PP Pu\(`o anche essere eseguito uno script di inizializzazione per il proprio interprete dei comandi\&. Fare riferimento alla relativa sezione di manuale per maggiori informazioni su questa funzione\&. .PP Un sottosistema di login \(`e indicato dalla presenza del carattere \(Fo*\(Fc all\*(Aqinizio della shell di login\&. La directory home impostata sar\(`a utilizzata come root di un nuovo file system al quale l\*(Aqutente accede\&. .PP -Il programma +The \fBlogin\fR -NON \(`e responsabile di rimuovere gli utenti dal file utmp\&. La correzione del proprietario di una sessione di terminale \(`e responsabilit\(`a di +program is NOT responsible for removing users from the utmp file\&. It is the responsibility of \fBgetty\fR(8) -e -\fBinit\fR(8)\&. Se si usa +and +\fBinit\fR(8) +to clean up apparent ownership of a terminal session\&. If you use \fBlogin\fR -senza -\fBexec\fR -dal prompt della shell, allora l\*(Aqutente che si sta usando risulter\(`a sempre connesso al sistema anche oltre il termine della \(Fosottosessione\(Fc\&. +from the shell prompt without +\fBexec\fR, the user you use will continue to appear to be logged in even after you log out of the "subsession"\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP \fB\-f\fR .RS 4 Non effettua l\*(Aqautenticazione, l\*(Aqutente \(`e gi\(`a autenticato .sp -Nota: in questo caso +Note: In that case, \fIusername\fR -\(`e obbligatorio\&. +is mandatory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR @@ -119,43 +120,42 @@ Non modifica l\*(Aqambiente\&. Attiva il protocollo autologin di rlogin\&. .RE .PP -Le opzioni +The \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-h\fR -e +and \fB\-f\fR -possono essere utilizzate solo quando +options are only used when \fBlogin\fR -viene invocato da root\&. +is invoked by root\&. .SH "AVVISI/CAVEAT" .PP -Questa versione di +This version of \fBlogin\fR -ha molte opzioni di compilazione; in un determinato sistema potrebbe esserne in uso solo una parte\&. +has many compilation options, only some of which may be in use at any particular site\&. .PP La posizione dei file \(`e soggetta a differenze in base alla configurazione del sistema\&. .PP -Il programma +The \fBlogin\fR -NON \(`e responsabile di rimuovere gli utenti dal file utmp\&. La correzione del proprietario di una sessione di terminale \(`e responsabilit\(`a di +program is NOT responsible for removing users from the utmp file\&. It is the responsibility of \fBgetty\fR(8) -e -\fBinit\fR(8)\&. Se si usa +and +\fBinit\fR(8) +to clean up apparent ownership of a terminal session\&. If you use \fBlogin\fR -senza -\fBexec\fR -dal prompt della shell, allora l\*(Aqutente che si sta usando risulter\(`a sempre connesso al sistema anche oltre il termine della \(Fosottosessione\(Fc\&. +from the shell prompt without +\fBexec\fR, the user you use will continue to appear to be logged in even after you log out of the "subsession"\&. .PP -Come per ogni programma, l\*(Aqaspetto di -\fBlogin\fR -pu\(`o essere simulata\&. Se utenti non fidati hanno accesso fisico alla macchina, essi potrebbero sfruttare questa cosa per ottenere la password della prossima persona che si siede davanti al terminale\&. In Linux si pu\(`o utilizzare il meccanismo SAK per iniziare un percorso sicuro che previene questo tipo di attacchi\&. +As with any program, +\fBlogin\fR\*(Aqs appearance can be faked\&. If non\-trusted users have physical access to a machine, an attacker could use this to obtain the password of the next person coming to sit in front of the machine\&. Under Linux, the SAK mechanism can be used by users to initiate a trusted path and prevent this kind of attack\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCONSOLE\fR (testo) +\fBCONSOLE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito, o il percorso completo di un file che contiene l\*(Aqelenco di nomi di device (uno per riga) oppure un elenco di nomi di device separati da \(Fo:\(Fc\&. L\*(Aqaccesso come root verr\(`a permesso solo attraverso questi device\&. .sp @@ -164,29 +164,29 @@ Se non definito, root potr\(`a accedere da qualsiasi device\&. Il nome di device deve essere specificato senza il prefisso /dev\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (testo) +\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (string) .RS 4 -Elenco di gruppi da aggiungere ai gruppi supplementari dell\*(Aqutente quando questi accede dalla console (come determinato dalla impostazione CONSOLE)\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e nullo\&. +List of groups to add to the user\*(Aqs supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting)\&. Default is none\&. -Usare con cautela \- \(`e possibile che gli utenti ottengano l\*(Aqaccesso permanente a questi gruppi anche se non accedono dalla console\&. +Use with caution \- it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console\&. .RE .PP -\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (booleano) +\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Indica se permettere l\*(Aqaccesso al sistema anche se non si pu\(`o accedere alla directory home\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e no\&. .sp -Se impostato a -\fIyes\fR, l\*(Aqutente acceder\(`a alla directory root (/) nel caso che non sia possibile accedere alla propria directory home\&. +If set to +\fIyes\fR, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (testo) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Se impostato viene utilizzato per definire il valore della variabile d\*(Aqambiente HZ al login dell\*(Aqutente\&. Il valore deve essere preceduto da -\fIHZ=\fR\&. Un valore comune per Linux \(`e +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_PATH\fR (testo) +\fBENV_PATH\fR (string) .RS 4 If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular user login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example \fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by @@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular u \fIPATH=/bin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (testo) +\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (string) .RS 4 If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superuser login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example \fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by @@ -202,229 +202,229 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus \fIPATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (testo) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Se impostato viene usato per definire la variabile d\*(Aqambiente TZ al login dell\*(Aqutente\&. Il valore pu\(`o essere il nome di una \(Fotimezone\(Fc preceduta da +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -(ad esempio -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), o il percorso completo di un file che contenga la specifica della \(Fotimezone\(Fc (ad esempio +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Se viene specificato il percorso completo di un file che per\(`o non esiste o non pu\(`o essere letto, allora viene utilizzato il valore predefinito +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use \fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se questo file esiste ed \(`e leggibile, l\*(Aqambiente di login viene letto da l\(`i\&. Ogni riga deve essere nella forma nome=valore\&. .sp Le righe che iniziano con \(Fo#\(Fc sono trattate come commenti e ignorate\&. .RE .PP -\fBERASECHAR\fR (numerico) +\fBERASECHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Carattere ERASE del terminale (\fI010\fR +Terminal ERASE character (\fI010\fR = backspace, \fI0177\fR -= Canc)\&. += DEL)\&. .sp Il valore deve avere il prefisso \(Fo0\(Fc se in ottale, o \(Fo0x\(Fc se esadecimale\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (numerico) +\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (number) .RS 4 Numero di secondi prima che venga concesso un ulteriore tentativo dopo un accesso fallito\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Abilita la memorizzazione e mostra le informazioni sugli accessi falliti contenute in -/var/log/faillog\&. +Enable logging and display of +/var/log/faillog +login failure info\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (testo) +\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (string) .RS 4 -Se impostato, +If set, \fBlogin\fR -eseguir\(`a questa shell al posto di quella utente specificata in +will execute this shell instead of the users\*(Aq shell specified in /etc/passwd\&. .RE .PP -\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se impostato, gli accessi falliti verranno tracciati in questo file nel formato utmp\&. .RE .PP -\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito, questo file inibisce quanto stampato durante l\*(Aqaccesso\&. Se viene specificato un percorso completo, la modalit\(`a silenziosa (hushed) viene attivata se in quel file \(`e presente il nome dell\*(Aqutente o della shell dell\*(Aqutente\&. Se il percorso non \(`e completo, allora la modalit\(`a silenziosa viene attivata se quel file \(`e presente nella directory home dell\*(Aqutente\&. .RE .PP -\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito, il file verr\(`a mostrato prima del prompt di login\&. .RE .PP -\fBKILLCHAR\fR (numerico) +\fBKILLCHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Il carattere da usare sul terminale per cancellare l\*(Aqintera riga (\fI025\fR -= CTRL\-U) +Terminal KILL character (\fI025\fR += CTRL/U)\&. .sp Il valore deve avere il prefisso \(Fo0\(Fc se in ottale, o \(Fo0x\(Fc se esadecimale\&. .RE .PP -\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita la memorizzazione e la stampa delle informazioni sulle date degli ultimi accessi in /var/log/lastlog\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (numerico) +\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 Massimo numero di tentativi di accesso per password errata\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (testo) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 Il testo da utilizzare per richiedere la password\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e \(FoPassword: \(Fc o una sua traduzione\&. Se si imposta questa variabile allora il testo non verr\(`a tradotto\&. .sp -Se il testo contiene -\fI%s\fR, questo verr\(`a sostituito dal nome dell\*(Aqutente\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (numerico) +\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (number) .RS 4 Numero massimo di secondi per l\*(Aqaccesso\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (booleano) +\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita la tracciatura degli accessi avvenuti con successo\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita l\*(Aqinclusione dei nomi utente sconosciuti quando si registrano gli accessi falliti\&. .sp Nota: memorizzare i nomi sconosciuti potrebbe diventare un problema legato alla sicurezza se un utente inserisce la propria password al posto del nome utente\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (testo) +\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita la verifica e stampa a video dello stato della casella di posta al momento dell\*(Aqaccesso al sistema\&. .sp Andrebbe disabilitato se i file di avvio della shell effettuano gi\(`a questo controllo (\(Fomailx \-e\(Fc o equivalente)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (testo) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 La directory di spool per la posta\&. Questa \(`e necessaria per manipolare la casella di posta quando il corrispondente account utente viene modificato o cancellato\&. Se non \(`e specificata viene utilizzato un valore impostato al momento della compilazione\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Imposta la posizione delle caselle di posta degli utenti relative alla loro directory home\&. .RE .PP -Le variabili +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -e +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -vengono utilizzate da +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -e +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -per creare, spostare e cancellare le caselle di posta dell\*(Aqutente\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Se +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -\(`e impostata a -\fIyes\fR -allora sono anche utilizzate per impostare la variabile d\*(Aqambiente -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito \(`e una lista di nomi di file con \(Fomessaggi del giorno\(Fc separati da \(Fo:\(Fc che vengono mostrati subito dopo l\*(Aqaccesso\&. .RE .PP -\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito \(`e il nome di un file che impedisce l\*(Aqaccesso degli utenti non root\&. Il suo contenuto dovrebbe essere un messaggio che indica il motivo per il quale l\*(Aqaccesso \(`e impedito\&. .RE .PP -\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Abilita la verifica delle restrizioni temporali specificate in +Enable checking of time restrictions specified in /etc/porttime\&. .RE .PP -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Abilita l\*(Aqimpostazione di limiti di risorsa definiti in +Enable setting of resource limits from /etc/limits -e ulimit, umask e livello di \(Fonice\(Fc in base al campo gecos del passwd dell\*(Aqutente\&. +and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYGROUP\fR (testo), \fBTTYPERM\fR (testo) +\fBTTYGROUP\fR (string), \fBTTYPERM\fR (string) .RS 4 -I permessi del terminale: il tty usato per l\*(Aqaccesso sar\(`a di propriet\(`a del gruppo +The terminal permissions: the login tty will be owned by the \fBTTYGROUP\fR -e avr\(`a permessi impostati a +group, and the permissions will be set to \fBTTYPERM\fR\&. .sp -In maniera predefinita la propriet\(`a del terminale sar\(`a impostata al gruppo primario dell\*(Aqutente, mentre i permessi saranno +By default, the ownership of the terminal is set to the user\*(Aqs primary group and the permissions are set to \fI0600\fR\&. .sp \fBTTYGROUP\fR -pu\(`o essere il nome del gruppo o il suo identificativo numerico\&. +can be either the name of a group or a numeric group identifier\&. .sp -Se si ha il comando +If you have a \fBwrite\fR -che \(`e \(Fosetgid\(Fc e ha un gruppo speciale che possiede i terminali, definire TTYGROUP con lo stesso gruppo e TTYPERM a 0620\&. Altrimenti lasciare TTYGROUP commentato e assegnare TTYPERM a 622 o 600\&. +program which is "setgid" to a special group which owns the terminals, define TTYGROUP to the group number and TTYPERM to 0620\&. Otherwise leave TTYGROUP commented out and assign TTYPERM to either 622 or 600\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito si tratta di un file che mappa le linee tty nella variabile d\*(Aqambiente TERM\&. Ogni riga del file \(`e in un formato tipo \(Fovt100 tty01\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fBULIMIT\fR (numerico) +\fBULIMIT\fR (number) .RS 4 -Valore +Default \fBulimit\fR -predefinito\&. +value\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (numerico) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 La maschera di permessi alla creazione dei file \(`e inizializzata con questo valore\&. Se non specificato la maschera viene impostata a 022\&. .sp \fBuseradd\fR -e +and \fBnewusers\fR -usano questa maschera per impostare i permessi della directory home che creano\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Viene anche utilizzata da +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -per definire la maschera iniziale dell\*(Aqutente\&. Notare che questa maschera pu\(`o essere modificata dalla riga GECOS dell\*(Aqutente (se +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -\(`e impostato) o specificando un limite con l\*(Aqidentificativo +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -in +identifier in \fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita l\*(Aqimpostazione dei bit di gruppo di umask in modo che siano gli stessi dei bit del proprietario (esempio: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) per utenti non root a condizione che uid e gid siano identici e che il nome utente sia lo stesso del gruppo primario\&. .sp -Se impostato a +If set to \fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -canceller\(`a il gruppo dell\*(Aqutente se non contiene altri membri, e +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -creer\(`a automaticamente un gruppo con lo stesso nome dell\*(Aqutente\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "FILE" .PP diff --git a/man/it/man1/newgrp.1 b/man/it/man1/newgrp.1 index 8494be61..11454431 100644 --- a/man/it/man1/newgrp.1 +++ b/man/it/man1/newgrp.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newgrp .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi utente -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi utente" +.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi utente" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,34 +34,38 @@ newgrp \- effettua l\*(Aqaccesso a un nuovo gruppo \fBnewgrp\fR [\-] [\fIgruppo\fR] .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP +The \fBnewgrp\fR -permette di cambiare il proprio ID di gruppo durante una sessione di login\&. Se viene specificato -\fB\-\fR, l\*(Aqambiente dell\*(Aqutente viene reinizializzato come se l\*(Aqutente stesse effettuando il login, altrimenti l\*(Aqambiente non viene modificato e la directory corrente non viene cambiata\&. +command is used to change the current group ID during a login session\&. If the optional +\fB\-\fR +flag is given, the user\*(Aqs environment will be reinitialized as though the user had logged in, otherwise the current environment, including current working directory, remains unchanged\&. .PP \fBnewgrp\fR -cambia l\*(AqID di gruppo attuale reale in base al gruppo passato come argomento oppure, se non si passa nessun argomento, al gruppo predefinito nel file -/etc/passwd\&. +changes the current real group ID to the named group, or to the default group listed in +/etc/passwd +if no group name is given\&. \fBnewgrp\fR -cerca anche di inserire il gruppo tra quelli dell\*(Aqutente\&. Se non si tratta di root, all\*(Aqutente viene chiesta una password nel caso che il gruppo lo richieda e l\*(Aqutente non ne abbia (n\('e in +also tries to add the group to the user groupset\&. If not root, the user will be prompted for a password if she does not have a password (in /etc/shadow -se l\*(Aqutente \(`e definito anche l\(`i, n\('e in +if this user has an entry in the shadowed password file, or in /etc/passwd -altrimenti), oppure se l\*(Aqutente non \(`e elencato tra i membri del gruppo e il gruppo ha una password\&. Viene negato l\*(Aqaccesso all\*(Aqutente nel caso che la password del gruppo sia vuota e l\*(Aqutente non ne faccia parte\&. +otherwise) and the group does, or if the user is not listed as a member and the group has a password\&. The user will be denied access if the group password is empty and the user is not listed as a member\&. .PP -Se c\*(Aq\(`e una voce per questo gruppo nel file -/etc/gshadow, allora l\*(Aqelenco dei membri e la password di questo gruppo sono presi da questo file, altrimenti verr\(`a presa la voce da -/etc/group\&. +If there is an entry for this group in +/etc/gshadow, then the list of members and the password of this group will be taken from this file, otherwise, the entry in +/etc/group +is considered\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Abilita il tracciamento dell\*(Aqattivit\(`a di +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsg\fR -su \(Fosyslog\(Fc\&. +activity\&. .RE .SH "FILE" .PP diff --git a/man/it/man1/passwd.1 b/man/it/man1/passwd.1 index 56b68806..9dbe486a 100644 --- a/man/it/man1/passwd.1 +++ b/man/it/man1/passwd.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: passwd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi utente -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "PASSWD" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi utente" +.TH "PASSWD" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi utente" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,17 +34,18 @@ passwd \- cambia la password utente \fBpasswd\fR [\fIopzioni\fR] [\fILOGIN\fR] .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP +The \fBpasswd\fR -cambia la password per account utente\&. Un utente normale pu\(`o solo cambiare la password per il proprio account, mentre il super utente pu\(`o cambiarla per qualsiasi account\&. +command changes passwords for user accounts\&. A normal user may only change the password for their own account, while the superuser may change the password for any account\&. \fBpasswd\fR -modifica anche l\*(Aqaccount o il periodo di validit\(`a della password associata\&. +also changes the account or associated password validity period\&. .SS "Modifiche delle password" .PP All\*(Aqutente viene prima chiesta la propria password attuale, se presente\&. Questa password viene cifrata e confrontata con quella memorizzata\&. All\*(Aqutente viene data solo una possibilit\(`a di inserire la password corretta\&. Il super utente salta questo passo in modo da poter modificare password dimenticate\&. .PP -Dopo che la password \(`e stata inserita, vengono controllati i parametri dell\*(Aqinvecchiamento delle password per verificare che l\*(Aqutente possa modificarla in questo momento\&. In caso negativo +After the password has been entered, password aging information is checked to see if the user is permitted to change the password at this time\&. If not, \fBpasswd\fR -non fa cambiare la password ed esce\&. +refuses to change the password and exits\&. .PP All\*(Aqutente viene quindi chiesto di inserire la nuova password due volte\&. Le due password sono confrontate e devono essere uguali affinch\('e la password venga accettata\&. .PP @@ -83,30 +84,30 @@ numeri da 0 a 9 segni di punteggiatura .RE .PP -Si deve fare attenzione a non inserire il carattere di cancellazione o di kill (azzeramento della riga)\&. +Care must be taken not to include the system default erase or kill characters\&. \fBpasswd\fR -non accetta password non sufficientemente complesse\&. +will reject any password which is not suitably complex\&. .SS "Suggerimenti per password utente" .PP -La sicurezza di una password dipende dalla forza dell\*(Aqalgoritmo e dalla dimensione della chiave utilizzata\&. Il metodo originale di cifratura del sistema +The security of a password depends upon the strength of the encryption algorithm and the size of the key space\&. The legacy \fIUNIX\fR -si basa sull\*(Aqalgoritmo NBS DES\&. Adesso sono da preferisi metodi di cifratura pi\(`u recenti (vedere -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR)\&. La dimensione della chiave dipende dall\*(Aqaleatoriet\(`a della password indicata\&. +System encryption method is based on the NBS DES algorithm\&. More recent methods are now recommended (see +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR)\&. The size of the key space depends upon the randomness of the password which is selected\&. .PP La compromissione di una password avviene normalmente a seguito di incuria nella scelta o nella gestione della password\&. Per questo motivo non si devono utilizzare password che appaiono nei dizionari o che devono essere scritte\&. La password non deve essere uno nome proprio, il numero della patente, la data di nascita o l\*(Aqindirizzo\&. Uno qualunque di questi potrebbe essere indovinato per violare la sicurezza del sistema\&. .PP You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\&.org/wiki/Password_strength .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBpasswd\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR .RS 4 -Questa opzione pu\(`o essere utilizzata solo con +This option can be used only with \fB\-S\fR -e mostra lo stato per ogni utente\&. +and causes show status for all users\&. .RE .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR @@ -124,11 +125,11 @@ Fa scadere subito la password dell\*(Aqutente\&. Il che ha l\*(Aqeffetto di forz Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINATTIVO\fR +\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 -Questa opzione viene utilizzata per disabilitare un account dopo che la password \(`e scaduta da un certo numero di giorni\&. Dopo che un account ha una password che \(`e scaduta da -\fIINATTIVO\fR -giorni, l\*(Aqutente non pu\(`o pi\(`u accedere con l\*(Aqaccount\&. +This option is used to disable an account after the password has been expired for a number of days\&. After a user account has had an expired password for +\fIINACTIVE\fR +days, the user may no longer sign on to the account\&. .RE .PP \fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-keep\-tokens\fR @@ -140,17 +141,17 @@ Indica che il cambio password va effettuato solo per i token (password) di auten .RS 4 Blocca la password dell\*(Aqaccount indicato\&. Questa opzione disabilita una password modificandola in modo che non corrisponda a nessun valore cifrato (aggiunge un \(Fo!\(Fc all\*(Aqinizio della password)\&. .sp -Notare che questo non disabilita l\*(Aqaccount\&. L\*(Aqutente pu\(`o sempre accedere al sistema tramite altri token di autenticazione (ad esempio una chiave SSH)\&. Per disabilitare l\*(Aqaccount l\*(Aqamministratore deve usare +Note that this does not disable the account\&. The user may still be able to login using another authentication token (e\&.g\&. an SSH key)\&. To disable the account, administrators should use \fBusermod \-\-expiredate 1\fR -(che imposta la data di scadenza al 2 gennaio 1970)\&. +(this set the account\*(Aqs expire date to Jan 2, 1970)\&. .sp Gli utenti con password bloccata non la possono cambiare\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_GIORNI\fR +\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Imposta il numero minimo di giorni tra i cambi di password a -\fIMIN_GIORNI\fR\&. Un valore pari a zero indica che l\*(Aqutente pu\(`o cambiare la propria password in qualsiasi momento\&. +Set the minimum number of days between password changes to +\fIMIN_DAYS\fR\&. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time\&. .RE .PP \fB\-q\fR, \fB\-\-quiet\fR @@ -160,16 +161,18 @@ Modalit\(`a silenziosa\&. .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-repository\fR\ \&\fIREPOSITORY\fR .RS 4 -cambia la password nel repository +change password in \fIREPOSITORY\fR +repository .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-S\fR, \fB\-\-status\fR @@ -179,28 +182,28 @@ Visualizza le informazioni sullo stato di un account\&. Lo stato consiste di 7 c .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-unlock\fR .RS 4 -Sblocca la password dell\*(Aqaccount indicato\&. Questa opzione riabilita la password riportandola al suo valore precedente (il valore che c\*(Aqera prima di usare l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-l\fR)\&. +Unlock the password of the named account\&. This option re\-enables a password by changing the password back to its previous value (to the value before using the +\fB\-l\fR +option)\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIAVVISO_GIORNI\fR +\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Imposta il numero di giorni di preavviso prima che sia obbligatorio cambiare la password\&. L\*(Aqopzione -\fIAVVISO_GIORNI\fR -indica il numero di giorni precedenti alla scadenza della password durante i quali l\*(Aqutente viene avvertito dell\*(Aqimminente scadenza\&. +Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required\&. The +\fIWARN_DAYS\fR +option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned that their password is about to expire\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-x\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_GIORNI\fR +\fB\-x\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Imposta il massimo numero di giorni che una password rimane valida\&. Dopo -\fIMAX_GIORNI\fR -viene richiesto di cambiare la password\&. +Set the maximum number of days a password remains valid\&. After +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR, the password is required to be changed\&. .sp -Usare il valore +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -come -\fIMAX_GIORNI\fR -rimuove il controllo sulla validit\(`a della password\&. +as +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR +will remove checking a password\*(Aqs validity\&. .RE .SH "AVVISI/CAVEAT" .PP @@ -209,73 +212,73 @@ Il controllo della complessit\(`a delle password varia da sistema a sistema\&. A Gli utenti possono non essere in grado di cambiare la propria password se NIS \(`e abilitato ed essi non sono collegati al server NIS\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (testo) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Definisce l\*(Aqalgoritmo di cifratura predefinito per le password (se non ne viene specificato uno a riga di comando)\&. .sp -Pu\(`o avere uno dei seguenti valori: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(predefinito), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Nota: questo parametro ha la precedenza sulla variabile -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Indica se le password vanno cifrate usando l\*(Aqalgoritmo basato su MD5\&. Se impostato a -\fIyes\fR -le nuove password saranno cifrate usando un algoritmo basato su MD5 e compatibile con quello delle versioni pi\(`u recenti di FreeBSD\&. Supporta password di lunghezza qualsiasi e testi \(Fosalt\(Fc pi\(`u lunghi\&. Impostare a +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to \fIno\fR -se si devono copiare password su altri sistemi che non gestiscono l\*(Aqalgoritmo\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Questa variabile ha meno priorit\(`a della variabile +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -e di qualsiasi opzione a riga di comando che imposta un algoritmo di cifratura\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Questa variabile non \(`e pi\(`u usata\&. Si dovrebbe utilizzare +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita controlli addizionali durante il cambio password\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (booleano) +\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Avvisa riguardo password deboli (anche se le permette egualmente) se si \(`e root\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 Massimo numero di tentativi per cambiare una password (troppo facile)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (numerico), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (number), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Numero di caratteri significativi della password per crypt()\&. +Number of significant characters in the password for crypt()\&. \fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR -\(`e normalmente 8\&. Da non cambiare a meno che la propria crypt() sia migliore\&. Questo viene ignorato se +is 8 by default\&. Don\*(Aqt change unless your crypt() is better\&. This is ignored if \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -\(`e impostata a +set to \fIyes\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (numerico), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (numerico) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Quando +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -vale +is set to \fISHA256\fR -o -\fISHA512\fR, questo definisce il numero di cicli SHA usati per l\*(Aqalgoritmo di cifratura (quando il numero di cicli non \(`e impostato a riga di comando)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Con molti cicli \(`e pi\(`u difficile trovare una password usando la forza bruta\&. Ma va notato che \(`e richiesta maggiore potenza di calcolo per autenticare gli utenti\&. .sp @@ -283,15 +286,16 @@ Se non specificato sar\(`a la libc a scegliere il numero di cicli (5000)\&. .sp Il valore deve essere compreso tra 1\&.000 e 999\&.999\&.999\&. .sp -Se viene impostato solo uno tra +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -e -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, allora l\*(Aqunico valore viene utilizzato\&. +or +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Se +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, allora viene utilizzato il maggiore\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "FILE" .PP @@ -311,12 +315,51 @@ Configurazione del pacchetto password shadow .RE .SH "VALORI RESTITUITI" .PP -Il comando +The \fBpasswd\fR -restituisce i seguenti valori: +command exits with the following values: +.PP +\fI0\fR +.RS 4 +success +.RE +.PP +\fI1\fR +.RS 4 +permission denied +.RE +.PP +\fI2\fR +.RS 4 +invalid combination of options +.RE +.PP +\fI3\fR +.RS 4 +unexpected failure, nothing done +.RE +.PP +\fI4\fR +.RS 4 +unexpected failure, +passwd +file missing +.RE +.PP +\fI5\fR +.RS 4 +passwd +file busy, try again +.RE +.PP +\fI6\fR +.RS 4 +invalid argument to option +.RE .SH "VEDERE ANCHE" .PP \fBchpasswd\fR(8), \fBpasswd\fR(5), \fBshadow\fR(5), -\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),\fBusermod\fR(8)\&. +\fBlogin.defs\fR(5), +\fBusermod\fR(8)\&. diff --git a/man/it/man1/sg.1 b/man/it/man1/sg.1 index c0084cc5..ffb1eb9f 100644 --- a/man/it/man1/sg.1 +++ b/man/it/man1/sg.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: sg .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi utente -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "SG" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi utente" +.TH "SG" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi utente" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,37 +31,40 @@ sg \- esegue un comando con un diverso ID di gruppo .SH "SINOSSI" .HP \w'\fBsg\fR\ 'u -\fBsg\fR [\-] [comando\ [\-c]\ group] +\fBsg\fR [\-] [group\ [\-c\ ]\ command] .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il comando +The \fBsg\fR -funziona in maniera analoga a -\fBnewgrp\fR, ma accetta un comando che viene eseguito con la shell -/bin/sh\&. La maggior parte delle shell che permettono l\*(Aquso di +command works similar to +\fBnewgrp\fR +but accepts a command\&. The command will be executed with the +/bin/sh +shell\&. With most shells you may run \fBsg\fR -richiede che i comandi composti da pi\(`u parole siano inclusi tra apici\&. Un\*(Aqaltra differenza tra +from, you need to enclose multi\-word commands in quotes\&. Another difference between \fBnewgrp\fR -e +and \fBsg\fR -\(`e che alcune shell trattano +is that some shells treat +\fBnewgrp\fR +specially, replacing themselves with a new instance of a shell that \fBnewgrp\fR -in maniera speciale, sostituendo se stesse con la shell creata da -\fBnewgrp\fR\&. Questo non accade con -\fBsg\fR, per cui all\*(Aquscita del comando +creates\&. This doesn\*(Aqt happen with +\fBsg\fR, so upon exit from a \fBsg\fR -si ritorna al precedente ID di gruppo\&. +command you are returned to your previous group ID\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Abilita il tracciamento dell\*(Aqattivit\(`a di +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsg\fR -su \(Fosyslog\(Fc\&. +activity\&. .RE .SH "FILE" .PP diff --git a/man/it/man1/su.1 b/man/it/man1/su.1 index 53cac6ac..7864df5f 100644 --- a/man/it/man1/su.1 +++ b/man/it/man1/su.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: su .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi utente -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "SU" "1" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi utente" +.TH "SU" "1" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi utente" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -55,29 +55,29 @@ option is special: it is also recognized after .PP All\*(Aqutente viene quindi chiesta la password, se necessario\&. Una password errata viene segnalata da un messaggio d\*(Aqerrore\&. Viene effettuato il log di tutti i tentativi, siano essi riusciti o meno, al fine di rilevare ogni abuso del sistema\&. .PP -Le variabili d\*(Aqambiente in uso vengono passate alla nuova shell, eccetto il valore di +The current environment is passed to the new shell\&. The value of \fB$PATH\fR -che viene impostato a +is reset to /bin:/usr/bin -per gli utenti qualsiasi e a +for normal users, or /sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin -per l\*(Aqamministratore\&. Questa impostazione \(`e controllata dalle definizioni -\fIENV_PATH\fR -ed -\fIENV_SUPATH\fR -in +for the superuser\&. This may be changed with the +\fBENV_PATH\fR +and +\fBENV_SUPATH\fR +definitions in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .PP Un sottosistema di login \(`e indicato dalla presenza del carattere \(Fo*\(Fc all\*(Aqinizio della shell di login\&. La directory home impostata sar\(`a utilizzata come root di un nuovo file system al quale l\*(Aqutente accede\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBsu\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-command\fR\ \&\fICOMANDO\fR +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-command\fR\ \&\fICOMMAND\fR .RS 4 -Specifica un comando che verr\(`a invocato dalla shell tramite la sua opzione +Specify a command that will be invoked by the shell using its \fB\-c\fR\&. .sp The executed command will have no controlling terminal\&. This option cannot be used to execute interactive programs which need a controlling TTY\&. @@ -100,138 +100,136 @@ and .RS 4 La shell che verr\(`a invocata\&. .sp -La shell invocata viene scelta da (in ordine di priorit\(`a): +The invoked shell is chosen from (highest priority first): .PP .RS 4 -La shell specificata con \-\-shell\&. +The shell specified with \-\-shell\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Se viene usato -\fB\-\-preserve\-environment\fR, la shell specificata dalla variabile d\*(Aqambiente -\fB$SHELL\fR\&. +If +\fB\-\-preserve\-environment\fR +is used, the shell specified by the +\fB$SHELL\fR +environment variable\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -La shell indicata nel file +The shell indicated in the /etc/passwd -per l\*(Aqutente target\&. +entry for the target user\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 /bin/sh -se gli altri metodi falliscono\&. +if a shell could not be found by any above method\&. .RE .sp -Se l\*(Aqutente target ha una shell con restrizioni (cio\(`e se la sua shell presente in +If the target user has a restricted shell (i\&.e\&. the shell field of this user\*(Aqs entry in /etc/passwd -non \(`e presente in -/etc/shells), allora l\*(Aqopzione +is not listed in +/etc/shells), then the \fB\-\-shell\fR -e la variabile d\*(Aqambiente +option or the \fB$SHELL\fR -non vengono prese in considerazione a meno che +environment variable won\*(Aqt be taken into account, unless \fBsu\fR -sia invocato da root\&. +is called by root\&. .RE .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-preserve\-environment\fR .RS 4 -Mantiene l\*(Aqambiente attuale, fatta eccezione per: +Preserve the current environment, except for: .PP \fB$PATH\fR .RS 4 -reimpostato in accordo alle opzioni +reset according to the +/etc/login\&.defs +options \fBENV_PATH\fR -o +or \fBENV_SUPATH\fR -del file -/etc/login\&.defs -(vedi sotto); +(see below); .RE .PP \fB$IFS\fR .RS 4 -reimpostato a -\(Fo<space><tab><newline>\(Fc -se era impostato\&. +reset to +\(Fo<space><tab><newline>\(Fc, if it was set\&. .RE .sp -Se l\*(Aqutente target ha una shell con restrizioni, questa opzione non ha effetto (a meno che +If the target user has a restricted shell, this option has no effect (unless \fBsu\fR -sia invocato da root)\&. +is called by root)\&. .sp -Notare che il comportamento predefinito per l\*(Aqambiente \(`e il seguente: +Note that the default behavior for the environment is the following: .PP .RS 4 -Le variabili d\*(Aqambiente +The \fB$HOME\fR, \fB$SHELL\fR, \fB$USER\fR, \fB$LOGNAME\fR, -\fB$PATH\fR -e +\fB$PATH\fR, and \fB$IFS\fR -sono reimpostate\&. +environment variables are reset\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Se l\*(Aqopzione +If \fB\-\-login\fR -non \(`e usata, l\*(Aqambiente \(`e copiato con l\*(Aqeccezione delle variabili elencate sopra\&. +is not used, the environment is copied, except for the variables above\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Se l\*(Aqopzione +If \fB\-\-login\fR -\(`e utilizzata, le variabili +is used, the \fB$TERM\fR, \fB$COLORTERM\fR, -\fB$DISPLAY\fR -e +\fB$DISPLAY\fR, and \fB$XAUTHORITY\fR -sono copiate se risultano impostate\&. +environment variables are copied if they were set\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Se l\*(Aqopzione +If \fB\-\-login\fR -\(`e utilizzata, le variabili d\*(Aqambiente +is used, the \fB$TZ\fR, -\fB$HZ\fR -e +\fB$HZ\fR, and \fB$MAIL\fR -sono impostate in accordo alle opzioni +environment variables are set according to the +/etc/login\&.defs +options \fBENV_TZ\fR, \fBENV_HZ\fR, -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR -e +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR, and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -specificate nel file -/etc/login\&.defs -(vedi sotto)\&. +(see below)\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Se l\*(Aqopzione +If \fB\-\-login\fR -\(`e utilizzata, altre variabili d\*(Aqambiente potrebbero essere impostate dal file +is used, other environment variables might be set by the \fBENVIRON_FILE\fR -(vedi sotto)\&. +file (see below)\&. .RE +.sp .RE .SH "AVVISI/CAVEAT" .PP -Questa versione di +This version of \fBsu\fR -ha molte opzioni di compilazione; solo una parte di esse potrebbe essere in uso su un determinato sistema\&. +has many compilation options, only some of which may be in use at any particular site\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCONSOLE\fR (testo) +\fBCONSOLE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito, o il percorso completo di un file che contiene l\*(Aqelenco di nomi di device (uno per riga) oppure un elenco di nomi di device separati da \(Fo:\(Fc\&. L\*(Aqaccesso come root verr\(`a permesso solo attraverso questi device\&. .sp @@ -240,36 +238,36 @@ Se non definito, root potr\(`a accedere da qualsiasi device\&. Il nome di device deve essere specificato senza il prefisso /dev\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (testo) +\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (string) .RS 4 -Elenco di gruppi da aggiungere ai gruppi supplementari dell\*(Aqutente quando questi accede dalla console (come determinato dalla impostazione CONSOLE)\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e nullo\&. +List of groups to add to the user\*(Aqs supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting)\&. Default is none\&. -Usare con cautela \- \(`e possibile che gli utenti ottengano l\*(Aqaccesso permanente a questi gruppi anche se non accedono dalla console\&. +Use with caution \- it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console\&. .RE .PP -\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (booleano) +\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Indica se permettere l\*(Aqaccesso al sistema anche se non si pu\(`o accedere alla directory home\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e no\&. .sp -Se impostato a -\fIyes\fR, l\*(Aqutente acceder\(`a alla directory root (/) nel caso che non sia possibile accedere alla propria directory home\&. +If set to +\fIyes\fR, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (testo) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Se impostato viene utilizzato per definire il valore della variabile d\*(Aqambiente HZ al login dell\*(Aqutente\&. Il valore deve essere preceduto da -\fIHZ=\fR\&. Un valore comune per Linux \(`e +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se questo file esiste ed \(`e leggibile, l\*(Aqambiente di login viene letto da l\(`i\&. Ogni riga deve essere nella forma nome=valore\&. .sp Le righe che iniziano con \(Fo#\(Fc sono trattate come commenti e ignorate\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_PATH\fR (testo) +\fBENV_PATH\fR (string) .RS 4 If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular user login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example \fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by @@ -277,7 +275,7 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular u \fIPATH=/bin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (testo) +\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (string) .RS 4 If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superuser login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example \fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by @@ -285,108 +283,108 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus \fIPATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (testo) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Se impostato viene usato per definire la variabile d\*(Aqambiente TZ al login dell\*(Aqutente\&. Il valore pu\(`o essere il nome di una \(Fotimezone\(Fc preceduta da +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -(ad esempio -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), o il percorso completo di un file che contenga la specifica della \(Fotimezone\(Fc (ad esempio +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Se viene specificato il percorso completo di un file che per\(`o non esiste o non pu\(`o essere letto, allora viene utilizzato il valore predefinito +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use \fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (testo) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 Il testo da utilizzare per richiedere la password\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e \(FoPassword: \(Fc o una sua traduzione\&. Se si imposta questa variabile allora il testo non verr\(`a tradotto\&. .sp -Se il testo contiene -\fI%s\fR, questo verr\(`a sostituito dal nome dell\*(Aqutente\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (testo) +\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita la verifica e stampa a video dello stato della casella di posta al momento dell\*(Aqaccesso al sistema\&. .sp Andrebbe disabilitato se i file di avvio della shell effettuano gi\(`a questo controllo (\(Fomailx \-e\(Fc o equivalente)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (testo) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 La directory di spool per la posta\&. Questa \(`e necessaria per manipolare la casella di posta quando il corrispondente account utente viene modificato o cancellato\&. Se non \(`e specificata viene utilizzato un valore impostato al momento della compilazione\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Imposta la posizione delle caselle di posta degli utenti relative alla loro directory home\&. .RE .PP -Le variabili +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -e +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -vengono utilizzate da +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -e +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -per creare, spostare e cancellare le caselle di posta dell\*(Aqutente\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Se +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -\(`e impostata a -\fIyes\fR -allora sono anche utilizzate per impostare la variabile d\*(Aqambiente -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Abilita l\*(Aqimpostazione di limiti di risorsa definiti in +Enable setting of resource limits from /etc/limits -e ulimit, umask e livello di \(Fonice\(Fc in base al campo gecos del passwd dell\*(Aqutente\&. +and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .RE .PP -\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito, tutta l\*(Aqattivit\(`a di \(Fosu\(Fc viene tracciata in questo file\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_NAME\fR (testo) +\fBSU_NAME\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito \(`e il nome del comando da mostrare quando si esegue \(Fosu \-\(Fc\&. Ad esempio, se lo di definisce come \(Fosu\(Fc allora \(Fops\(Fc mostrer\(`a che il comando \(`e \(Fo\-su\(Fc\&. Se non definito, \(Fops\(Fc mostrer\(`a il nome della shell invocata, come \(Fo\-sh\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (booleano) +\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Se -\fIyes\fR, l\*(Aqutente deve essere elencato come membro del primo gruppo con gid 0 in +If +\fIyes\fR, the user must be listed as a member of the first gid 0 group in /etc/group -(chiamato +(called \fIroot\fR -in molti sistemi Linux) perch\('e sia possibile usare +on most Linux systems) to be able to \fBsu\fR -verso account con uid 0\&. Se il gruppo non esiste o \(`e vuoto, nessuno potr\(`a utilizzare +to uid 0 accounts\&. If the group doesn\*(Aqt exist or is empty, no one will be able to \fBsu\fR -verso uid 0\&. +to uid 0\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Abilita la tracciatura su \(Fosyslog\(Fc dell\*(Aqattivit\(`a di -\fBsu\fR, oltre a quella sul file \(Fosulog\(Fc\&. +Enable "syslog" logging of +\fBsu\fR +activity \- in addition to sulog file logging\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita l\*(Aqimpostazione dei bit di gruppo di umask in modo che siano gli stessi dei bit del proprietario (esempio: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) per utenti non root a condizione che uid e gid siano identici e che il nome utente sia lo stesso del gruppo primario\&. .sp -Se impostato a +If set to \fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -canceller\(`a il gruppo dell\*(Aqutente se non contiene altri membri, e +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -creer\(`a automaticamente un gruppo con lo stesso nome dell\*(Aqutente\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "FILE" .PP @@ -406,43 +404,42 @@ Configurazione del pacchetto password shadow .RE .SH "VALORI RESTITUITI" .PP -In caso di successo, il valore restituito da +On success, \fBsu\fR -\(`e quello del comando da esso eseguito\&. +returns the exit value of the command it executed\&. .PP -Se questo comando \(`e terminato da un segnale, +If this command was terminated by a signal, \fBsu\fR -restituisce il numero del segnale pi\(`u 128\&. +returns the number of this signal plus 128\&. .PP -Se \(Fosu\(Fc deve terminare il comando (perch\('e gli \(`e stato chiesto di terminare ma il comando non \(`e terminato in tempo), +If su has to kill the command (because it was asked to terminate, and the command did not terminate in time), \fBsu\fR -restituisce 255\&. +returns 255\&. .PP -Alcuni dei codici d\*(Aquscita di +Some exit values from \fBsu\fR -sono indipendenti dal comando eseguito: +are independent from the executed command: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -successo (solo -\fB\-\-help\fR) +success (\fB\-\-help\fR +only) .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -Errore di sistema o di autenticazione +System or authentication failure .RE .PP \fI126\fR .RS 4 -Il comando richiesto non \(`e stato trovato +The requested command was not found .RE .PP \fI127\fR .RS 4 -Il comando richiesto non pu\(`o essere eseguito +The requested command could not be executed .RE -" .SH "VEDERE ANCHE" .PP \fBlogin\fR(1), diff --git a/man/it/man3/shadow.3 b/man/it/man3/shadow.3 index ac511389..ba868add 100644 --- a/man/it/man3/shadow.3 +++ b/man/it/man3/shadow.3 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: shadow .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Chiamate di libreria -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "SHADOW" "3" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Chiamate di libreria" +.TH "SHADOW" "3" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Chiamate di libreria" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -59,25 +59,25 @@ shadow, getspnam \- routine per file delle password cifrate .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP \fIshadow\fR -manipola il contenuto del file delle password shadow, -/etc/shadow\&. La struttura nel file +manipulates the contents of the shadow password file, +/etc/shadow\&. The structure in the \fI#include\fR -\(`e la seguente: +file is: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf struct spwd { - char *sp_namp; /* login dell\*(Aqutente */ - char *sp_pwdp; /* password cifrata */ - long int sp_lstchg; /* ultimo cambio della password */ - long int sp_min; /* giorni minimi tra i cambi */ - long int sp_max; /* giorni massimi tra i cambi */ - long int sp_warn; /* giorni di preavviso */ - long int sp_inact; /* giorni di inattivit\(`a */ - long int sp_expire; /* data di scadenza dell\*(Aqaccount */ - unsigned long int sp_flag; /* riservato per uso futuro */ + char *sp_namp; /* user login name */ + char *sp_pwdp; /* encrypted password */ + long int sp_lstchg; /* last password change */ + long int sp_min; /* days until change allowed\&. */ + long int sp_max; /* days before change required */ + long int sp_warn; /* days warning for expiration */ + long int sp_inact; /* days before account inactive */ + long int sp_expire; /* date when account expires */ + unsigned long int sp_flag; /* reserved for future use */ } .fi @@ -189,48 +189,47 @@ sp_flag \- riservato per uso futuro\&. .PP \fIgetspent\fR, \fIgetspname\fR, -\fIfgetspent\fR -e +\fIfgetspent\fR, and \fIsgetspent\fR -restituiscono tutte un puntatore a uno +each return a pointer to a \fIstruct spwd\fR\&. \fIgetspent\fR -restituisce la voce successiva nel file, +returns the next entry from the file, and \fIfgetspent\fR -la voce successiva nello stream specificato, che si suppone sia un file nel formato corretto\&. +returns the next entry from the given stream, which is assumed to be a file of the proper format\&. \fIsgetspent\fR -restituisce un puntatore a uno +returns a pointer to a \fIstruct spwd\fR -usando come input la stringa fornita\&. +using the provided string as input\&. \fIgetspnam\fR -cerca una voce che corrisponde a -\fIname\fR -partendo dalla posizione corrente nel file\&. +searches from the current position in the file for an entry matching +\fIname\fR\&. .PP \fIsetspent\fR -e +and \fIendspent\fR -sono usate rispettivamente per iniziare e terminare l\*(Aqaccesso al file delle password shadow\&. +may be used to begin and end, respectively, access to the shadow password file\&. .PP -Le funzioni +The \fIlckpwdf\fR -e +and \fIulckpwdf\fR -si usano per garantire l\*(Aqaccesso esclusivo al file -/etc/shadow\&. +routines should be used to insure exclusive access to the +/etc/shadow +file\&. \fIlckpwdf\fR -prova ad acquisire il lock tramite +attempts to acquire a lock using \fIpw_lock\fR -per un massimo di 15 secondi, dopodich\('e tenta di ottenere un secondo lock usando +for up to 15 seconds\&. It continues by attempting to acquire a second lock using \fIspw_lock\fR -per il tempo che rimane dei 15 secondi iniziali\&. Se anche uno solo dei due tentativi fallisce dopo un totale di 15 secondi, +for the remainder of the initial 15 seconds\&. Should either attempt fail after a total of 15 seconds, \fIlckpwdf\fR -restituisce \-1, mentre restituisce 0 se riesce ad acquisire entrambi i lock\&. +returns \-1\&. When both locks are acquired 0 is returned\&. .SH "DIAGNOSTICA" .PP -Le funzioni restituiscono NULL se non ci sono altre voci disponibili o se si verifica un errore durante l\*(Aqelaborazione\&. Le funzioni di tipo +Routines return NULL if no more entries are available or if an error occurs during processing\&. Routines which have \fIint\fR -restituiscono 0 in caso di successo e \-1 in caso di errore\&. +as the return value return 0 for success and \-1 for failure\&. .SH "AVVISI/CAVEAT" .PP Queste funzioni possono essere usate solo dall\*(Aqamministratore, perch\('e l\*(Aqaccesso al file delle password shadow \(`e riservato\&. diff --git a/man/it/man5/faillog.5 b/man/it/man5/faillog.5 index 3fae9837..9375c4d4 100644 --- a/man/it/man5/faillog.5 +++ b/man/it/man5/faillog.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formati di file e conversioni -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formati di file e conversioni" +.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formati di file e conversioni" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ faillog \- file di log degli accessi falliti .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP /var/log/faillog -mantiene un contatore di accessi falliti e dei vari limiti per ogni account\&. +maintains a count of login failures and the limits for each account\&. .PP Questo file \(`e composto da record di lunghezza fissa, indicizzati dal valore numerico di UID\&. Ciascun record contiene il conteggio degli accessi falliti a partire dall\*(Aqultimo login corretto, il numero massimo di tentativi permessi prima che l\*(Aqaccount venga disabilitato, il terminale sul quale l\*(Aqultimo tentativo fallito \(`e avvenuto, la data in cui \(`e avvenuto, e infine il periodo (in secondi) durante il quale l\*(Aqaccount verr\(`a bloccato a seguito di un fallimento\&. .PP diff --git a/man/it/man5/gshadow.5 b/man/it/man5/gshadow.5 index ca67e0c4..257f4b0f 100644 --- a/man/it/man5/gshadow.5 +++ b/man/it/man5/gshadow.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: gshadow .\" Author: Nicolas Fran\(,cois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formati di file e conversioni -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formati di file e conversioni" +.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formati di file e conversioni" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ gshadow \- file shadow per i gruppi .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -\fI/etc/gshadow\fR -contiene le informazioni shadow sugli account di gruppo\&. +/etc/gshadow +contains the shadowed information for group accounts\&. .PP Questo file non deve essere leggibile dagli utenti normali se si vuole mantenere la sicurezza sulle password\&. .PP @@ -45,12 +45,12 @@ Deve essere un nome di gruppo valido, che esista nel sistema\&. .PP \fBpassword cifrata\fR .RS 4 -Fare riferimento a +Refer to \fBcrypt\fR(3) -per dettagli sul modo in cui questa stringa viene interpretata\&. +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. .sp -Se il campo password contiene un testo che non sia un risultato valido di -\fBcrypt\fR(3), ad esempio ! o *, gli utenti non potranno accedere a quel gruppo utilizzando la password unix (ma i membri del gruppo non necessitano di password)\&. +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, users will not be able to use a unix password to access the group (but group members do not need the password)\&. .sp The password is used when a user who is not a member of the group wants to gain the permissions of this group (see \fBnewgrp\fR(1))\&. @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Questo campo pu\(`o essere vuoto, nel qual caso solo i membri del gruppo possono .sp A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked\&. .sp -Questa password ha la precedenza su ogni altra specificata in +This password supersedes any password specified in /etc/group\&. .RE .PP @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ Deve essere una lista di nomi utente separati da virgole\&. .sp I membri possono accedere al gruppo senza che ne sia richiesta la password\&. .sp -Si dovrebbe utilizzare la stessa lista di utenti di +You should use the same list of users as in /etc/group\&. .RE .SH "FILE" diff --git a/man/it/man5/limits.5 b/man/it/man5/limits.5 index 63742fe2..4cae519e 100644 --- a/man/it/man5/limits.5 +++ b/man/it/man5/limits.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: limits .\" Author: Luca Berra .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formati di file e conversioni -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "LIMITS" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formati di file e conversioni" +.TH "LIMITS" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formati di file e conversioni" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ limits \- definizione dei limiti di risorsa .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il file +The \fIlimits\fR -(/etc/limits -o quanto definito da LIMITS_FILE in -config\&.h) descrive i limiti di risorsa che si vuole imporre\&. Deve essere di propriet\(`a di root e leggibile solo dall\*(Aqaccount root\&. +file (/etc/limits +by default or LIMITS_FILE defined +config\&.h) describes the resource limits you wish to impose\&. It should be owned by root and readable by root account only\&. .PP In maniera predefinita non c\*(Aq\(`e nessun limite alla quota di \(Foroot\(Fc\&. In effetti non c\*(Aq\(`e nessun modo per imporre una quota massima tramite questa procedura agli account equivalenti a root (cio\(`e tutti quelli con UID 0)\&. .PP @@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ oppure nel formato: .PP \fI@gruppo TESTO_LIMITE\fR .PP -Dove -\fITESTO_LIMITE\fR -\(`e un testo dato dalla concatenazione di vari limiti di risorsa\&. Ogni limite consiste di una lettera identificativa seguita dal limite numerico\&. +The +\fILIMITS_STRING\fR +is a string of a concatenated list of resource limits\&. Each limit consists of a letter identifier followed by a numerical limit\&. .PP Gli identificatori validi sono: .sp @@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ F: maximum file size (KB) .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -K: maschera dei permessi per i file creati, impostata da +K: file creation mask, set by \fBumask\fR(2)\&. .RE .sp @@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ O: massima priorit\(`a \(Foreal time\(Fc .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -P: priorit\(`a di processo, impostata con +P: process priority, set by \fBsetpriority\fR(2)\&. .RE .sp @@ -220,18 +220,18 @@ T: quantit\(`a massima di tempo CPU (MIN) U: massimo numero di processi .RE .PP -Ad esempio, +For example, \fIL2D2048N5\fR -\(`e uno testo valido per -\fITESTO_LIMITE\fR\&. Per sempicit\(`a di lettura le seguenti scritture sono equivalenti: +is a valid +\fILIMITS_STRING\fR\&. For reading convenience, the following entries are equivalent: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf - nomeutente L2D2048N5 - nomeutente L2 D2048 N5 - + username L2D2048N5 + username L2 D2048 N5 + .fi .if n \{\ .RE @@ -243,15 +243,13 @@ the rest of the line is considered a limit string, thus comments are not allowed \fBlogin\fR program\&. .PP -L\*(Aqimpostazione predefinita \(`e quella che ha come nome utente \(Fo\fI*\fR\(Fc\&. Se si hanno varie righe -\fIpredefinite\fR -nel file -\fILIMITS_FILE\fR -verr\(`a utilizzata solo l\*(Aqultima\&. +The default entry is denoted by username "\fI*\fR"\&. If you have multiple +\fIdefault\fR +entries in your +\fILIMITS_FILE\fR, then the last one will be used as the default entry\&. .PP -I limiti specificati nella forma \(Fo\fI@gruppo\fR\(Fc si applicano ai membri del -\fIgruppo\fR -specificato\&. +The limits specified in the form "\fI@group\fR" apply to the members of the specified +\fIgroup\fR\&. .PP If more than one line with limits for a user exist, only the first line for this user will be considered\&. .PP @@ -259,9 +257,9 @@ If no lines are specified for a user, the last \fI@group\fR line matching a group whose the user is a member of will be considered, or the last line with default limits if no groups contain the user\&. .PP -Per eliminare completamente l\*(Aqimpostazione di limiti per un certo utente, si pu\(`o utilizzare \(Fo\fI\-\fR\(Fc\&. +To completely disable limits for a user, a single dash "\fI\-\fR" will do\&. .PP -Per disabilitare i limiti per un utente, un singolo trattino \(Fo\fI\-\fR\(Fc pu\(`o essere utilizzato al posto del valore numerico del limite\&. +To disable a limit for a user, a single dash "\fI\-\fR" can be used instead of the numerical value for this limit\&. .PP Notare inoltre che tutte queste impostazioni sono effettuate ad ogni accesso\&. Non si tratta di impostazioni globali n\('e permanenti\&. Forse limiti globali saranno possibili in futuro, ma per ora devono bastare questi ;) .SH "FILE" diff --git a/man/it/man5/login.access.5 b/man/it/man5/login.access.5 index 6b1125ff..f3f4c937 100644 --- a/man/it/man5/login.access.5 +++ b/man/it/man5/login.access.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login.access .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formati di file e conversioni -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "LOGIN\&.ACCESS" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formati di file e conversioni" +.TH "LOGIN\&.ACCESS" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formati di file e conversioni" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,27 +31,29 @@ login.access \- tabella di controllo accessi .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il file +The \fIlogin\&.access\fR -specifica le combinazioni (utente, macchina) e/o (utente, terminale) per le quali un accesso sia accettato o rifiutato\&. +file specifies (user, host) combinations and/or (user, tty) combinations for which a login will be either accepted or refused\&. .PP -Quando avviene un accesso, il file +When someone logs in, the +\fIlogin\&.access\fR +is scanned for the first entry that matches the (user, host) combination, or, in case of non\-networked logins, the first entry that matches the (user, tty) combination\&. The permissions field of that table entry determines whether the login will be accepted or refused\&. .PP Ogni riga della tabella di controllo degli accessi ha tre campi separati dal carattere \(Fo:\(Fc: .PP -\fIpermesso\fR:\fIutenti\fR:\fIorigini\fR +\fIpermission\fR:\fIusers\fR:\fIorigins\fR .PP -Il primo campo dovrebbe essere il carattere \(Fo\fI+\fR\(Fc (accesso concesso) o \(Fo\fI\-\fR\(Fc (accesso negato)\&. Il secondo campo dovrebbe essere un elenco di nomi utente o gruppi oppure +The first field should be a "\fI+\fR" (access granted) or "\fI\-\fR" (access denied) character\&. The second field should be a list of one or more login names, group names, or \fIALL\fR -(sempre vero)\&. Il terzo campo dovrebbe essere una lista di uno o pi\(`u nomi di terminale (per accesso locale), nomi di macchina, nomi di dominio (con il carattere \(Fo\&.\(Fc all\*(Aqinizio), indirizzi di macchina, numeri di rete internet (termina con il carattere \(Fo\&.\(Fc), +(always matches)\&. The third field should be a list of one or more tty names (for non\-networked logins), host names, domain names (begin with "\&."), host addresses, internet network numbers (end with "\&."), \fIALL\fR -(sempre vero) oppure +(always matches) or \fILOCAL\fR -(corrisponde a ogni testo che non contenga il carattere \(Fo\&.\(Fc)\&. Se si usa NIS si pu\(`o usare @nomenetgroup come nome macchina o utente\&. +(matches any string that does not contain a "\&." character)\&. If you run NIS you can use @netgroupname in host or user patterns\&. .PP -L\*(Aqoperatore +The \fIEXCEPT\fR -permette di scrivere regole molto compatte\&. +operator makes it possible to write very compact rules\&. .PP La ricerca nel file dei gruppi avviene solo quando il nome non corrisponde a quello dell\*(Aqutente che accede\&. I gruppi che possono corrispondere sono solo quelli nei quali l\*(Aqutente \(`e esplicitamente elencato: il programma non controlla l\*(Aqid del gruppo primario dell\*(Aqutente\&. .SH "FILE" diff --git a/man/it/man5/login.defs.5 b/man/it/man5/login.defs.5 index a5705fb9..a3dac714 100644 --- a/man/it/man5/login.defs.5 +++ b/man/it/man5/login.defs.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login.defs .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formati di file e conversioni -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "LOGIN\&.DEFS" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formati di file e conversioni" +.TH "LOGIN\&.DEFS" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formati di file e conversioni" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,63 +31,64 @@ login.defs \- configurazione del pacchetto password shadow .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il file +The /etc/login\&.defs -contiene la configurazione specifica per questo sistema relativa al pacchetto password shadow\&. Questo file \(`e obbligatorio\&. La sua assenza non bloccer\(`a l\*(Aqutilizzo del sistema, ma probabilmente sar\(`a causa di risultati non desiderati\&. +file defines the site\-specific configuration for the shadow password suite\&. This file is required\&. Absence of this file will not prevent system operation, but will probably result in undesirable operation\&. .PP Questo file \(`e un file di testo leggibile nel quale ogni riga descrive un parametro di configurazione\&. Le righe consistono di una coppia nome valore separati da spazi\&. Le righe vuote e di commento sono ignorate\&. I commenti iniziano con con il simbolo "#" che deve essere il primo carattere diverso da spazio della riga\&. .PP -I valori dei parametri possono essere di quattro tipi: testo, booleano, numerico e numerico lungo\&. Un testo pu\(`o contenere qualsiasi carattere stampabile\&. Un booleano dovrebbe essere uno tra +Parameter values may be of four types: strings, booleans, numbers, and long numbers\&. A string is comprised of any printable characters\&. A boolean should be either the value \fIyes\fR -e -\fIno\fR\&. Un parametro dal valore booleano non definito oppure uno che ha un valore diverso da quelli permessi verr\(`a equiparato al valore -\fIno\fR\&. I numerici (sia normali che lunghi) possono essere decimali, ottali (preceduti da -\fI0\fR) o esadecimali (preceduti da -\fI0x\fR)\&. Il valore massimo dei numerici normali e lunghi \(`e dipendente dalla macchina\&. +or +\fIno\fR\&. An undefined boolean parameter or one with a value other than these will be given a +\fIno\fR +value\&. Numbers (both regular and long) may be either decimal values, octal values (precede the value with +\fI0\fR) or hexadecimal values (precede the value with +\fI0x\fR)\&. The maximum value of the regular and long numeric parameters is machine\-dependent\&. .PP Sono forniti i seguenti parametri di configurazione: .PP -\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (booleano) +\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Se -\fIyes\fR, il programma +If +\fIyes\fR, the \fBchfn\fR -richieder\(`a l\*(Aqautenticazione prima di apportare qualsiasi modifica, a meno che non sia eseguito dal super utente\&. +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (testo) +\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (string) .RS 4 -Questo parametro specifica quali valori del campo +This parameter specifies which values in the \fIgecos\fR -del file +field of the /etc/passwd -possono essere cambiati da utenti normali usando il programma -\fBchfn\fR\&. Pu\(`o essere una combinazione qualsiasi delle lettere +file may be changed by regular users using the +\fBchfn\fR +program\&. It can be any combination of letters \fIf\fR, \fIr\fR, \fIw\fR, -\fIh\fR -per \(FoNome completo (f)\(Fc, \(FoNumero stanza (r)\(Fc, \(FoTelefono di lavoro (w)\(Fc e \(FoTelefono di casa (h)\(Fc\&. Per compatibilit\(`a con precedenti versioni, +\fIh\fR, for Full name, Room number, Work phone, and Home phone, respectively\&. For backward compatibility, \fIyes\fR -\(`e quivalente a +is equivalent to \fIrwh\fR -e +and \fIno\fR -\(`e equivalente a -\fIfrwh\fR\&. Se non specificato, solo il super utente pu\(`o effettuare modifiche\&. Le impostazioni pi\(`u stringenti si ottengono installando +is equivalent to +\fIfrwh\fR\&. If not specified, only the superuser can make any changes\&. The most restrictive setting is better achieved by not installing \fBchfn\fR -non SUID\&. +SUID\&. .RE .PP -\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (booleano) +\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Se -\fIyes\fR, il comando +If +\fIyes\fR, the \fBchsh\fR -richieder\(`a l\*(Aqautenticazione prima di apportare qualsiasi modifica, a meno che sia utilizzato dal super utente\&. +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE\fR (testo) +\fBCONSOLE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito, o il percorso completo di un file che contiene l\*(Aqelenco di nomi di device (uno per riga) oppure un elenco di nomi di device separati da \(Fo:\(Fc\&. L\*(Aqaccesso come root verr\(`a permesso solo attraverso questi device\&. .sp @@ -96,49 +97,50 @@ Se non definito, root potr\(`a accedere da qualsiasi device\&. Il nome di device deve essere specificato senza il prefisso /dev\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (testo) +\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (string) .RS 4 -Elenco di gruppi da aggiungere ai gruppi supplementari dell\*(Aqutente quando questi accede dalla console (come determinato dalla impostazione CONSOLE)\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e nullo\&. +List of groups to add to the user\*(Aqs supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting)\&. Default is none\&. -Usare con cautela \- \(`e possibile che gli utenti ottengano l\*(Aqaccesso permanente a questi gruppi anche se non accedono dalla console\&. +Use with caution \- it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console\&. .RE .PP -\fBCREATE_HOME\fR (booleano) +\fBCREATE_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Indica se per i nuovi utenti va creata la directory home\&. .sp Questa impostazione non viene applicata agli utenti di sistema e pu\(`o essere modificata sulla riga di comando\&. .RE .PP -\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (booleano) +\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Indica se permettere l\*(Aqaccesso al sistema anche se non si pu\(`o accedere alla directory home\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e no\&. .sp -Se impostato a -\fIyes\fR, l\*(Aqutente acceder\(`a alla directory root (/) nel caso che non sia possibile accedere alla propria directory home\&. +If set to +\fIyes\fR, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory\&. .RE .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (testo) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Definisce l\*(Aqalgoritmo di cifratura predefinito per le password (se non ne viene specificato uno a riga di comando)\&. .sp -Pu\(`o avere uno dei seguenti valori: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(predefinito), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Nota: questo parametro ha la precedenza sulla variabile -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (testo) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Se impostato viene utilizzato per definire il valore della variabile d\*(Aqambiente HZ al login dell\*(Aqutente\&. Il valore deve essere preceduto da -\fIHZ=\fR\&. Un valore comune per Linux \(`e +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_PATH\fR (testo) +\fBENV_PATH\fR (string) .RS 4 If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular user login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example \fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by @@ -146,7 +148,7 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular u \fIPATH=/bin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (testo) +\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (string) .RS 4 If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superuser login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example \fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by @@ -154,92 +156,92 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus \fIPATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (testo) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Se impostato viene usato per definire la variabile d\*(Aqambiente TZ al login dell\*(Aqutente\&. Il valore pu\(`o essere il nome di una \(Fotimezone\(Fc preceduta da +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -(ad esempio -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), o il percorso completo di un file che contenga la specifica della \(Fotimezone\(Fc (ad esempio +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Se viene specificato il percorso completo di un file che per\(`o non esiste o non pu\(`o essere letto, allora viene utilizzato il valore predefinito +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use \fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se questo file esiste ed \(`e leggibile, l\*(Aqambiente di login viene letto da l\(`i\&. Ogni riga deve essere nella forma nome=valore\&. .sp Le righe che iniziano con \(Fo#\(Fc sono trattate come commenti e ignorate\&. .RE .PP -\fBERASECHAR\fR (numerico) +\fBERASECHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Carattere ERASE del terminale (\fI010\fR +Terminal ERASE character (\fI010\fR = backspace, \fI0177\fR -= Canc)\&. += DEL)\&. .sp Il valore deve avere il prefisso \(Fo0\(Fc se in ottale, o \(Fo0x\(Fc se esadecimale\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (numerico) +\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (number) .RS 4 Numero di secondi prima che venga concesso un ulteriore tentativo dopo un accesso fallito\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Abilita la memorizzazione e mostra le informazioni sugli accessi falliti contenute in -/var/log/faillog\&. +Enable logging and display of +/var/log/faillog +login failure info\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (testo) +\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (string) .RS 4 -Se impostato, +If set, \fBlogin\fR -eseguir\(`a questa shell al posto di quella utente specificata in +will execute this shell instead of the users\*(Aq shell specified in /etc/passwd\&. .RE .PP -\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se impostato, gli accessi falliti verranno tracciati in questo file nel formato utmp\&. .RE .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (numerico), \fBGID_MIN\fR (numerico) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Intervallo di ID di gruppo per la creazione di gruppi normali tramite +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -o +\fBgroupadd\fR, or \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Il valore predefinito per +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -(rispettivamente -\fBGID_MAX\fR) \(`e 1000 (rispettivmente 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito, questo file inibisce quanto stampato durante l\*(Aqaccesso\&. Se viene specificato un percorso completo, la modalit\(`a silenziosa (hushed) viene attivata se in quel file \(`e presente il nome dell\*(Aqutente o della shell dell\*(Aqutente\&. Se il percorso non \(`e completo, allora la modalit\(`a silenziosa viene attivata se quel file \(`e presente nella directory home dell\*(Aqutente\&. .RE .PP -\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito, il file verr\(`a mostrato prima del prompt di login\&. .RE .PP -\fBKILLCHAR\fR (numerico) +\fBKILLCHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Il carattere da usare sul terminale per cancellare l\*(Aqintera riga (\fI025\fR -= CTRL\-U) +Terminal KILL character (\fI025\fR += CTRL/U)\&. .sp Il valore deve avere il prefisso \(Fo0\(Fc se in ottale, o \(Fo0x\(Fc se esadecimale\&. .RE .PP -\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita la memorizzazione e la stampa delle informazioni sulle date degli ultimi accessi in /var/log/lastlog\&. .RE @@ -253,76 +255,75 @@ No option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing lastlog entries\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (booleano) +\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita la tracciatura degli accessi avvenuti con successo\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita l\*(Aqinclusione dei nomi utente sconosciuti quando si registrano gli accessi falliti\&. .sp Nota: memorizzare i nomi sconosciuti potrebbe diventare un problema legato alla sicurezza se un utente inserisce la propria password al posto del nome utente\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (numerico) +\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 Massimo numero di tentativi di accesso per password errata\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (testo) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 Il testo da utilizzare per richiedere la password\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e \(FoPassword: \(Fc o una sua traduzione\&. Se si imposta questa variabile allora il testo non verr\(`a tradotto\&. .sp -Se il testo contiene -\fI%s\fR, questo verr\(`a sostituito dal nome dell\*(Aqutente\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (numerico) +\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (number) .RS 4 Numero massimo di secondi per l\*(Aqaccesso\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (testo) +\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita la verifica e stampa a video dello stato della casella di posta al momento dell\*(Aqaccesso al sistema\&. .sp Andrebbe disabilitato se i file di avvio della shell effettuano gi\(`a questo controllo (\(Fomailx \-e\(Fc o equivalente)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (testo) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 La directory di spool per la posta\&. Questa \(`e necessaria per manipolare la casella di posta quando il corrispondente account utente viene modificato o cancellato\&. Se non \(`e specificata viene utilizzato un valore impostato al momento della compilazione\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Imposta la posizione delle caselle di posta degli utenti relative alla loro directory home\&. .RE .PP -Le variabili +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -e +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -vengono utilizzate da +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -e +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -per creare, spostare e cancellare le caselle di posta dell\*(Aqutente\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Se +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -\(`e impostata a -\fIyes\fR -allora sono anche utilizzate per impostare la variabile d\*(Aqambiente -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (numero) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Numero massimo di membri per gruppo\&. Quando viene raggiunto il massimo, viene creata una nuova riga per il gruppo nel file +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(con lo stesso nome, stessa password e stesso GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Il valore predefinito \(`e 0, che non pone nessun limite al numero di membri per gruppo\&. .sp @@ -333,100 +334,99 @@ Se si deve impostare questo limite, si pu\(`o usare 25\&. Nota: la divisione dei gruppi potrebbe non essere supportata da ogni strumento (anche all\*(Aqinterno del pacchetto Shadow)\&. Non si dovrebbe utilizzare questa variabile a meno di esserci forzati\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Indica se le password vanno cifrate usando l\*(Aqalgoritmo basato su MD5\&. Se impostato a -\fIyes\fR -le nuove password saranno cifrate usando un algoritmo basato su MD5 e compatibile con quello delle versioni pi\(`u recenti di FreeBSD\&. Supporta password di lunghezza qualsiasi e testi \(Fosalt\(Fc pi\(`u lunghi\&. Impostare a +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to \fIno\fR -se si devono copiare password su altri sistemi che non gestiscono l\*(Aqalgoritmo\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Questa variabile ha meno priorit\(`a della variabile +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -e di qualsiasi opzione a riga di comando che imposta un algoritmo di cifratura\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Questa variabile non \(`e pi\(`u usata\&. Si dovrebbe utilizzare +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito \(`e una lista di nomi di file con \(Fomessaggi del giorno\(Fc separati da \(Fo:\(Fc che vengono mostrati subito dopo l\*(Aqaccesso\&. .RE .PP -\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito \(`e il nome di un file che impedisce l\*(Aqaccesso degli utenti non root\&. Il suo contenuto dovrebbe essere un messaggio che indica il motivo per il quale l\*(Aqaccesso \(`e impedito\&. .RE .PP -\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita controlli addizionali durante il cambio password\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (booleano) +\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Avvisa riguardo password deboli (anche se le permette egualmente) se si \(`e root\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 Massimo numero di tentativi per cambiare una password (troppo facile)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Il numero massimo di giorni che una password pu\(`o essere utilizzata\&. Se la password \(`e pi\(`u vecchia verr\(`a imposto il suo cambiamento\&. Se non specificato viene assunto \-1 (che disabilita questo controllo)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Il numero minimo di giorni tra due cambiamenti di password\&. Ogni tentativo di cambiare la password prima di questo periodo verr\(`a rifiutato\&. Se non specificato viene assunto \-1 (che disabilita questo controllo)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Il numero di giorni per i quali un utente va avvisato che la sua password sta per scadere\&. Se zero l\*(Aqutente viene avvisato solo alla scadenza\&. Un valore negativo indica che non si deve avvisare mai\&. Se non specificato allora non c\*(Aq\(`e nessun avviso\&. .RE .PP \fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR, \fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR -e +and \fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR -sono utilizzate solo al momento della creazione dell\*(Aqaccount\&. Qualsiasi cambiamento di queste impostazioni non modifica gli account preesistenti\&. +are only used at the time of account creation\&. Any changes to these settings won\*(Aqt affect existing accounts\&. .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (numerico), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (number), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Numero di caratteri significativi della password per crypt()\&. +Number of significant characters in the password for crypt()\&. \fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR -\(`e normalmente 8\&. Da non cambiare a meno che la propria crypt() sia migliore\&. Questo viene ignorato se +is 8 by default\&. Don\*(Aqt change unless your crypt() is better\&. This is ignored if \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -\(`e impostata a +set to \fIyes\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Abilita la verifica delle restrizioni temporali specificate in +Enable checking of time restrictions specified in /etc/porttime\&. .RE .PP -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Abilita l\*(Aqimpostazione di limiti di risorsa definiti in +Enable setting of resource limits from /etc/limits -e ulimit, umask e livello di \(Fonice\(Fc in base al campo gecos del passwd dell\*(Aqutente\&. +and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (numerico), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (numerico) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Quando +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -vale +is set to \fISHA256\fR -o -\fISHA512\fR, questo definisce il numero di cicli SHA usati per l\*(Aqalgoritmo di cifratura (quando il numero di cicli non \(`e impostato a riga di comando)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Con molti cicli \(`e pi\(`u difficile trovare una password usando la forza bruta\&. Ma va notato che \(`e richiesta maggiore potenza di calcolo per autenticare gli utenti\&. .sp @@ -434,39 +434,40 @@ Se non specificato sar\(`a la libc a scegliere il numero di cicli (5000)\&. .sp Il valore deve essere compreso tra 1\&.000 e 999\&.999\&.999\&. .sp -Se viene impostato solo uno tra +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -e -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, allora l\*(Aqunico valore viene utilizzato\&. +or +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Se +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, allora viene utilizzato il maggiore\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .PP -\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito, tutta l\*(Aqattivit\(`a di \(Fosu\(Fc viene tracciata in questo file\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_NAME\fR (testo) +\fBSU_NAME\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito \(`e il nome del comando da mostrare quando si esegue \(Fosu \-\(Fc\&. Ad esempio, se lo di definisce come \(Fosu\(Fc allora \(Fops\(Fc mostrer\(`a che il comando \(`e \(Fo\-su\(Fc\&. Se non definito, \(Fops\(Fc mostrer\(`a il nome della shell invocata, come \(Fo\-sh\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (booleano) +\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Se -\fIyes\fR, l\*(Aqutente deve essere elencato come membro del primo gruppo con gid 0 in +If +\fIyes\fR, the user must be listed as a member of the first gid 0 group in /etc/group -(chiamato +(called \fIroot\fR -in molti sistemi Linux) perch\('e sia possibile usare +on most Linux systems) to be able to \fBsu\fR -verso account con uid 0\&. Se il gruppo non esiste o \(`e vuoto, nessuno potr\(`a utilizzare +to uid 0 accounts\&. If the group doesn\*(Aqt exist or is empty, no one will be able to \fBsu\fR -verso uid 0\&. +to uid 0\&. .RE .PP \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (number) @@ -515,117 +516,117 @@ The default values for are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (numerico), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (numerico) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Intervallo di ID di gruppo utilizzato per la creazione di un gruppo di sistema da +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -o +\fBgroupadd\fR, or \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Il valore predefinito per +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -(rispettivamente -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) \(`e 101 (rispettivamente +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (numerico), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (numerico) +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Intervallo di ID utente per la creazione degli utenti di sistema con +Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by \fBuseradd\fR -o +or \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Il valore predefinito per +The default value for \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -(rispettivamente -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) \(`e 101 (rispettivamente +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Abilita il tracciamento dell\*(Aqattivit\(`a di +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsg\fR -su \(Fosyslog\(Fc\&. +activity\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Abilita la tracciatura su \(Fosyslog\(Fc dell\*(Aqattivit\(`a di -\fBsu\fR, oltre a quella sul file \(Fosulog\(Fc\&. +Enable "syslog" logging of +\fBsu\fR +activity \- in addition to sulog file logging\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYGROUP\fR (testo), \fBTTYPERM\fR (testo) +\fBTTYGROUP\fR (string), \fBTTYPERM\fR (string) .RS 4 -I permessi del terminale: il tty usato per l\*(Aqaccesso sar\(`a di propriet\(`a del gruppo +The terminal permissions: the login tty will be owned by the \fBTTYGROUP\fR -e avr\(`a permessi impostati a +group, and the permissions will be set to \fBTTYPERM\fR\&. .sp -In maniera predefinita la propriet\(`a del terminale sar\(`a impostata al gruppo primario dell\*(Aqutente, mentre i permessi saranno +By default, the ownership of the terminal is set to the user\*(Aqs primary group and the permissions are set to \fI0600\fR\&. .sp \fBTTYGROUP\fR -pu\(`o essere il nome del gruppo o il suo identificativo numerico\&. +can be either the name of a group or a numeric group identifier\&. .sp -Se si ha il comando +If you have a \fBwrite\fR -che \(`e \(Fosetgid\(Fc e ha un gruppo speciale che possiede i terminali, definire TTYGROUP con lo stesso gruppo e TTYPERM a 0620\&. Altrimenti lasciare TTYGROUP commentato e assegnare TTYPERM a 622 o 600\&. +program which is "setgid" to a special group which owns the terminals, define TTYGROUP to the group number and TTYPERM to 0620\&. Otherwise leave TTYGROUP commented out and assign TTYPERM to either 622 or 600\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito si tratta di un file che mappa le linee tty nella variabile d\*(Aqambiente TERM\&. Ogni riga del file \(`e in un formato tipo \(Fovt100 tty01\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fBUID_MAX\fR (numerico), \fBUID_MIN\fR (numerico) +\fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Intervallo di ID utente da utilizzare nella creazione degli utenti normali tramite +Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by \fBuseradd\fR -o +or \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Il valore predefinito per +The default value for \fBUID_MIN\fR -(rispettivamente -\fBUID_MAX\fR) \(`e 1000 (rispettivamente 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBULIMIT\fR (numerico) +\fBULIMIT\fR (number) .RS 4 -Valore +Default \fBulimit\fR -predefinito\&. +value\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (numerico) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 La maschera di permessi alla creazione dei file \(`e inizializzata con questo valore\&. Se non specificato la maschera viene impostata a 022\&. .sp \fBuseradd\fR -e +and \fBnewusers\fR -usano questa maschera per impostare i permessi della directory home che creano\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Viene anche utilizzata da +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -per definire la maschera iniziale dell\*(Aqutente\&. Notare che questa maschera pu\(`o essere modificata dalla riga GECOS dell\*(Aqutente (se +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -\(`e impostato) o specificando un limite con l\*(Aqidentificativo +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -in +identifier in \fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (testo) +\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito, questo comando viene eseguito quando si cancella un utente\&. Dovrebbe rimuovere tutti i compiti di stampa/cron/at di propriet\(`a dell\*(Aqutente da cancellare (passato come primo argomento)\&. .sp Il codice d\*(Aquscita restituito dallo script non \(`e preso in considerazione\&. .sp -Ecco uno script di esempio che rimuove i job dell\*(Aqutente, sia di cron che at che di stampa: +Here is an example script, which removes the user\*(Aqs cron, at and print jobs: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -633,43 +634,44 @@ Ecco uno script di esempio che rimuove i job dell\*(Aqutente, sia di cron che at .nf #! /bin/sh -# Verifica la presenza dell\*(Aqargomento obbligatorio +# Check for the required argument\&. if [ $# != 1 ]; then - echo "Uso: $0 username" - exit 1 + echo "Usage: $0 username" + exit 1 fi -# Rimuove i compiti di cron +# Remove cron jobs\&. crontab \-r \-u $1 -# Rimuove i compiti di at -# Nota che verranno rimossi tutti i compiti di propriet\(`a dello stesso UID, -# anche se condiviso con un altro nome utente\&. +# Remove at jobs\&. +# Note that it will remove any jobs owned by the same UID, +# even if it was shared by a different username\&. AT_SPOOL_DIR=/var/spool/cron/atjobs find $AT_SPOOL_DIR \-name "[^\&.]*" \-type f \-user $1 \-delete \e; -# Rimuove le stampe +# Remove print jobs\&. lprm $1 -# Finito\&. +# All done\&. exit 0 - + .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} +.sp .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita l\*(Aqimpostazione dei bit di gruppo di umask in modo che siano gli stessi dei bit del proprietario (esempio: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) per utenti non root a condizione che uid e gid siano identici e che il nome utente sia lo stesso del gruppo primario\&. .sp -Se impostato a +If set to \fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -canceller\(`a il gruppo dell\*(Aqutente se non contiene altri membri, e +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -creer\(`a automaticamente un gruppo con lo stesso nome dell\*(Aqutente\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "RIFERIMENTI INCROCIATI" .PP @@ -821,7 +823,7 @@ CREATE_HOME GID_MAX GID_MIN LASTLOG_UID_MAX MAIL_DIR MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP PASS_ .PP userdel .RS 4 -"MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP USERDEL_CMD USERGROUPS_ENAB +MAIL_DIR MAIL_FILE MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP USERDEL_CMD USERGROUPS_ENAB .RE .PP usermod diff --git a/man/it/man5/passwd.5 b/man/it/man5/passwd.5 index bc68bdaf..bd1ccce6 100644 --- a/man/it/man5/passwd.5 +++ b/man/it/man5/passwd.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: passwd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formati di file e conversioni -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "PASSWD" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formati di file e conversioni" +.TH "PASSWD" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formati di file e conversioni" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ passwd \- il file delle password .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP /etc/passwd -contiene una riga per ogni account, con sette campi delimitati da due punti (\(Fo:\(Fc)\&. Questi campi sono: +contains one line for each user account, with seven fields delimited by colons (\(Fo:\(Fc)\&. These fields are: .sp .RS 4 .ie n \{\ @@ -111,38 +111,54 @@ directory home utente interprete dei comandi utente opzionale .RE .PP -Il campo password cifrata pu\(`o essere vuoto, nel qual caso non viene richiesta nessuna password per autenticare lo specifico login\&. Tuttavia alcune applicazioni che leggono il file +If the +\fIpassword\fR +field is a lower\-case +\(Fox\(Fc, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the +\fBshadow\fR(5) +file instead; there +\fImust\fR +be a corresponding line in the +/etc/shadow +file, or else the user account is invalid\&. +.PP +The encrypted +\fIpassword\fR +field may be empty, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the /etc/passwd -possono decidere di non permettere -\fInessun\fR -accesso se il campo +file may decide not to permit +\fIany\fR +access at all if the \fIpassword\fR -\(`e vuoto\&. Se il campo +field is blank\&. +.PP +A \fIpassword\fR -contiene solo una -\(Fox\(Fc -minuscola, la password cifrata \(`e invece memorizzata nel file -\fBshadow\fR(5); ci -\fIdeve\fR -essere una riga corrispondente nel file -/etc/shadow -altrimenti l\*(Aqaccount non sar\(`a valido\&. Se il campo +field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the \fIpassword\fR -ha un qualsiasi altro contenuto allora viene trattato come password cifrata, come specificato da -\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. +field before the password was locked\&. +.PP +Refer to +\fBcrypt\fR(3) +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. +.PP +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)\&. .PP -Il campo di commento \(`e utilizzato da vari strumenti di sistema come ad esempio +The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as \fBfinger\fR(1)\&. .PP -Il campo directory home fornisce il nome della directory di lavoro iniziale\&. Il programma +The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory\&. The \fBlogin\fR -usa questa informazione per impostare il valore della variabile d\*(Aqambiente -\fB$HOME\fR\&. +program uses this information to set the value of the +\fB$HOME\fR +environmental variable\&. .PP -Il campo interprete dei comandi fornisce il nome dell\*(Aqinterprete del linguaggio utente, o il nome del programma da invocare inizialmente\&. Il programma +The command interpreter field provides the name of the user\*(Aqs command language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute\&. The \fBlogin\fR -utilizza questa informazione per impostare il valore della variabile d\*(Aqambiente -\fB$SHELL\fR\&. Se questo campo \(`e vuoto, il valore predefinito \(`e +program uses this information to set the value of the +\fB$SHELL\fR +environmental variable\&. If this field is empty, it defaults to the value /bin/sh\&. .SH "FILE" .PP diff --git a/man/it/man5/porttime.5 b/man/it/man5/porttime.5 index cf57039e..2e4c64d7 100644 --- a/man/it/man5/porttime.5 +++ b/man/it/man5/porttime.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: porttime .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formati di file e conversioni -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formati di file e conversioni" +.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formati di file e conversioni" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,43 +32,41 @@ porttime \- file delle porte e degli orari d\*(Aqaccesso .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP \fIporttime\fR -contiene un elenco di device tty, nomi utente e orari di accesso permessi\&. +contains a list of tty devices, user names, and permitted login times\&. .PP Ciascuna voce \(`e composta da tre campi separati da due punti\&. Il primo \(`e un elenco di device tty, separati da virgole, oppure un asterisco per indicare che la voce corrisponde a qualsiasi device\&. Il secondo campo \(`e un elenco di nomi utente, separati da virgole, oppure un asterisco per indicare che la voce corrisponde ad ogni utente\&. Il terzo campo \(`e un elenco degli orari, separati da virgole, in cui \(`e consentito l\*(Aqaccesso\&. .PP -Un orario di accesso consiste in zero o pi\(`u giorni della settimana abbreviati in -\fIMo\fR -(luned\(`i), +Each access time entry consists of zero or more days of the week, abbreviated +\fISu\fR, +\fIMo\fR, \fITu\fR, \fIWe\fR, \fITh\fR, -\fIFr\fR, -\fISa\fR -e -\fISu\fR -(domenica), seguiti da una coppia di orari, separati da un trattino\&. L\*(Aqabbreviazione +\fIFr\fR, and +\fISa\fR, followed by a pair of times separated by a hyphen\&. The abbreviation \fIWk\fR -rappresenta tutti i giorni da luned\(`i a venerd\(`i, mentre +may be used to represent Monday thru Friday, and \fIAl\fR -indica tutti i giorni della settimana\&. Se non si specifica alcun giorno, viene usato implicitamente -\fIAl\fR\&. +may be used to indicate every day\&. If no days are given, +\fIAl\fR +is assumed\&. .SH "ESEMPI" .PP -La voce seguente permette l\*(Aqaccesso all\*(Aqutente +The following entry allows access to user \fBjfh\fR -da qualsiasi porta durante i giorni lavorativi dalle 9 alle 17\&. +on every port during weekdays from 9am to 5pm\&. .PP *:jfh:Wk0900\-1700 .PP -Le voci seguenti permettono l\*(Aqaccesso solo agli utenti +The following entries allow access only to the users \fIroot\fR -e +and \fIoper\fR -da +on /dev/console -a qualsiasi ora\&. Qui viene mostrato come il file +at any time\&. This illustrates how the /etc/porttime -sia una lista ordinata di orari d\*(Aqaccesso: ogni altro utente corrisponderebbe alla seconda voce, che impedisce l\*(Aqaccesso in qualsiasi orario\&. +file is an ordered list of access times\&. Any other user would match the second entry which does not permit access at any time\&. .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -82,9 +80,9 @@ sia una lista ordinata di orari d\*(Aqaccesso: ogni altro utente corrisponderebb .RE .\} .PP -La voce seguente permette l\*(Aqaccesso all\*(Aqutente +The following entry allows access for the user \fIgames\fR -da qualsiasi porta durante gli orari non lavorativi\&. +on any port during non\-working hours\&. .PP *:games:Wk1700\-0900,SaSu0000\-2400 .SH "FILE" diff --git a/man/it/man5/shadow.5 b/man/it/man5/shadow.5 index a10e6ad1..01ebb191 100644 --- a/man/it/man5/shadow.5 +++ b/man/it/man5/shadow.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: shadow .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formati di file e conversioni -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "SHADOW" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formati di file e conversioni" +.TH "SHADOW" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formati di file e conversioni" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ shadow \- file delle password shadow .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP shadow -\(`e un file che contiene le informazioni sulle password per gli account degli utenti e, opzionalmente, le informazioni sulla durata delle password (\(Foaging\(Fc)\&. +is a file which contains the password information for the system\*(Aqs accounts and optional aging information\&. .PP Questo file non deve essere leggibile dagli utenti normali se si vuole mantenere la sicurezza sulle password\&. .PP -Ciascuna riga di questo file contiene 9 campi separati da due punti (\(Fo:\(Fc), nel seguente ordine: +Each line of this file contains 9 fields, separated by colons (\(Fo:\(Fc), in the following order: .PP \fBnome di login\fR .RS 4 @@ -45,18 +45,18 @@ Deve essere un nome valido di un account esistente nel sistema\&. .PP \fBpassword cifrata\fR .RS 4 -Fare riferimento a -\fBcrypt\fR(3) -per dettagli sul modo in cui questa stringa viene interpretata\&. -.sp -Se il campo password contiene un testo che non \(`e un risultato valido di -\fBcrypt\fR(3), come ad esempio ! o *, l\*(Aqutente non potr\(`a accedere al sistema utilizzando la password unix (ma potr\(`a accedere al sistema in altri modi)\&. -.sp -Questo campo pu\(`o essere vuoto, nel qual caso nessuna password \(`e richiesta per l\*(Aqautenticazione di questo specifico nome di login\&. Tuttavia alcune applicazioni che leggono +This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the /etc/shadow -possono decidere di non permettere nessun accesso se il campo password \(`e vuoto\&. +file may decide not to permit any access at all if the password field is empty\&. .sp A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked\&. +.sp +Refer to +\fBcrypt\fR(3) +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. +.sp +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)\&. .RE .PP \fBdata dell\*(Aqultimo cambio di password\fR @@ -145,4 +145,4 @@ Notare che questo file viene usato dagli strumenti del pacchetto shadow, ma non \fBpwconv\fR(8), \fBpwunconv\fR(8), \fBsu\fR(1), -\fBsulogin\fR(8) +\fBsulogin\fR(8)\&. diff --git a/man/it/man5/suauth.5 b/man/it/man5/suauth.5 index dc8c2b68..9e5a8784 100644 --- a/man/it/man5/suauth.5 +++ b/man/it/man5/suauth.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: suauth .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Formati di file e conversioni -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "SUAUTH" "5" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Formati di file e conversioni" +.TH "SUAUTH" "5" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Formati di file e conversioni" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ suauth \- file di controllo dettagliato per \(Fosu\(Fc \fB/etc/suauth\fR .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il file +The file /etc/suauth -viene utilizzato all\*(Aqinvocazione del comando \(Fosu\(Fc\&. Pu\(`o cambiare il comportamento del comando in base a: +is referenced whenever the su command is called\&. It can change the behaviour of the su command, based upon: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -57,18 +57,17 @@ Il formato del file \(`e il seguente, con le righe che iniziano con \(Fo#\(Fc tr .RS 4 .\} .nf - id\-finale:id\-iniziale:AZIONE + to\-id:from\-id:ACTION .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} .PP -Dove \(Foid\-finale\(Fc \(`e la parola -\fIALL\fR -(tutti), un elenco di nomi utenti separati da \(Fo,\(Fc o le parole +Where to\-id is either the word +\fIALL\fR, a list of usernames delimited by "," or the words \fIALL EXCEPT\fR -seguite da una lista di nomi utente separati da \(Fo,\(Fc\&. +followed by a list of usernames delimited by ","\&. .PP from\-id is formatted the same as to\-id except the extra word \fIGROUP\fR @@ -104,21 +103,22 @@ Notare che ci sono tre campi diversi separati da \(Fo:\(Fc\&. Nessuno spazio dev .RS 4 .\} .nf - # Esempio di file /etc/suauth + # sample /etc/suauth file # - # Due utenti privilegiati possono usare - # su verso root con la propria password\&. + # A couple of privileged usernames may + # su to root with their own password\&. # root:chris,birddog:OWNPASS # - # Tutti gli altri non possono farlo a meno di non appartenere - # al groppo wheel\&. Questo \(`e come funziona in BSD\&. + # Anyone else may not su to root unless in + # group wheel\&. This is how BSD does things\&. # root:ALL EXCEPT GROUP wheel:DENY # - # Nel caso che terry e birddog siano account - # della stessa persona di permettere il passaggio - # tra loro senza richiedere la password\&. + # Perhaps terry and birddog are accounts + # owned by the same person\&. + # Access can be arranged between them + # with no password\&. # terry:birddog:NOPASS birddog:terry:NOPASS @@ -138,9 +138,9 @@ Notare che ci sono tre campi diversi separati da \(Fo:\(Fc\&. Nessuno spazio dev Ce ne possono essere molti non visti\&. Il parser dei file \(`e particolarmente rigido sugli errori di sintassi, attendendo l\*(Aqassenza di spazi estranei (ad eccezione di inizio e fine riga) e specifici separatori per delimitare oggetti diversi\&. .SH "DIAGNOSTICA" .PP -Qualsiasi errore durante le lettura del file viene riportato tramite +An error parsing the file is reported using \fBsyslogd\fR(8) -con livello ERR e \(Fofacility\(Fc AUTH\&. +as level ERR on facility AUTH\&. .SH "VEDERE ANCHE" .PP \fBsu\fR(1)\&. diff --git a/man/it/man8/chgpasswd.8 b/man/it/man8/chgpasswd.8 index 5fc4af31..55d2b18b 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/chgpasswd.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/chgpasswd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chgpasswd .\" Author: Thomas K\(/loczko <kloczek@pld.org.pl> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "CHGPASSWD" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "CHGPASSWD" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,13 +34,13 @@ chgpasswd \- aggiorna le password di gruppo in modalit\(`a non interattiva \fBchgpasswd\fR [\fIopzioni\fR] .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il comando +The \fBchgpasswd\fR -legge un elenco di coppie di nomi gruppo e password e usa queste informazioni per aggiornare un insieme di gruppi esistenti\&. Ciascuna riga usa il formato: +command reads a list of group name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a set of existing groups\&. Each line is of the format: .PP -\fInome_gruppo\fR:\fIpassword\fR +\fIgroup_name\fR:\fIpassword\fR .PP -Come impostazione predefinita la password deve essere in chiaro ed \(`e cifrata da +By default the supplied password must be in clear\-text, and is encrypted by \fBchgpasswd\fR\&. .PP The default encryption algorithm can be defined for the system with the @@ -55,9 +55,9 @@ options\&. Questo comando \(`e appositamente pensato per grossi sistemi in cui si abbia la necessit\(`a di creare molti account nello stesso momento\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBchgpasswd\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR .RS 4 @@ -83,10 +83,11 @@ Usa la cifratura MD5 anzich\('e DES quando le password fornite non sono cifrate\ .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR @@ -99,7 +100,7 @@ I valori minimo di 1\&.000 e massimo di 999\&.999\&.999 sono forzati\&. .sp Si pu\(`o utilizzare questa opzione solo con i metodi di cifratura SHA256 o SHA512\&. .sp -Il numero di cicli predefinito \(`e impostato con le variabili SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS e SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS nel file +By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .SH "AVVISI/CAVEAT" @@ -109,28 +110,29 @@ Ricordarsi di impostare i permessi o umask in modo da prevenire la lettura in ch Ci si deve accertare che le password e il metodo di cifratura rispettino le norme delle password del sistema\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (testo) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Definisce l\*(Aqalgoritmo di cifratura predefinito per le password (se non ne viene specificato uno a riga di comando)\&. .sp -Pu\(`o avere uno dei seguenti valori: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(predefinito), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Nota: questo parametro ha la precedenza sulla variabile -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (numero) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Numero massimo di membri per gruppo\&. Quando viene raggiunto il massimo, viene creata una nuova riga per il gruppo nel file +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(con lo stesso nome, stessa password e stesso GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Il valore predefinito \(`e 0, che non pone nessun limite al numero di membri per gruppo\&. .sp @@ -141,31 +143,30 @@ Se si deve impostare questo limite, si pu\(`o usare 25\&. Nota: la divisione dei gruppi potrebbe non essere supportata da ogni strumento (anche all\*(Aqinterno del pacchetto Shadow)\&. Non si dovrebbe utilizzare questa variabile a meno di esserci forzati\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Indica se le password vanno cifrate usando l\*(Aqalgoritmo basato su MD5\&. Se impostato a -\fIyes\fR -le nuove password saranno cifrate usando un algoritmo basato su MD5 e compatibile con quello delle versioni pi\(`u recenti di FreeBSD\&. Supporta password di lunghezza qualsiasi e testi \(Fosalt\(Fc pi\(`u lunghi\&. Impostare a +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to \fIno\fR -se si devono copiare password su altri sistemi che non gestiscono l\*(Aqalgoritmo\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Questa variabile ha meno priorit\(`a della variabile +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -e di qualsiasi opzione a riga di comando che imposta un algoritmo di cifratura\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Questa variabile non \(`e pi\(`u usata\&. Si dovrebbe utilizzare +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (numerico), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (numerico) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Quando +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -vale +is set to \fISHA256\fR -o -\fISHA512\fR, questo definisce il numero di cicli SHA usati per l\*(Aqalgoritmo di cifratura (quando il numero di cicli non \(`e impostato a riga di comando)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Con molti cicli \(`e pi\(`u difficile trovare una password usando la forza bruta\&. Ma va notato che \(`e richiesta maggiore potenza di calcolo per autenticare gli utenti\&. .sp @@ -173,15 +174,16 @@ Se non specificato sar\(`a la libc a scegliere il numero di cicli (5000)\&. .sp Il valore deve essere compreso tra 1\&.000 e 999\&.999\&.999\&. .sp -Se viene impostato solo uno tra +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -e -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, allora l\*(Aqunico valore viene utilizzato\&. +or +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Se +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, allora viene utilizzato il maggiore\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "FILE" .PP diff --git a/man/it/man8/chpasswd.8 b/man/it/man8/chpasswd.8 index cefdd67b..03dcddf4 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/chpasswd.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/chpasswd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chpasswd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "CHPASSWD" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "CHPASSWD" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,13 +34,14 @@ chpasswd \- aggiorna le password in modo non interattivo \fBchpasswd\fR [\fIopzioni\fR] .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP +The \fBchpasswd\fR -legge da standard input un elenco di coppie di nomi utente e password e usa queste informazioni per aggiornare un gruppo di utenti esistenti\&. Ciascuna riga usa il formato: +command reads a list of user name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a group of existing users\&. Each line is of the format: .PP -\fInome_utente\fR:\fIpassword\fR +\fIuser_name\fR:\fIpassword\fR .PP -Come impostazione predefinita, si devono fornire password in chiaro che vengono poi cifrate da -\fBchpasswd\fR\&. Vengono aggiornate, se presenti, anche le informazioni sulla durata delle password\&. +By default the passwords must be supplied in clear\-text, and are encrypted by +\fBchpasswd\fR\&. Also the password age will be updated, if present\&. .PP The default encryption algorithm can be defined for the system with the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR @@ -59,26 +60,25 @@ first updates all the passwords in memory, and then commits all the changes to d Questo comando \(`e appositamente pensato per grossi sistemi in cui si abbia la necessit\(`a di creare molti account nello stesso momento\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBchpasswd\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR\ \&\fIMETODO\fR +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR\ \&\fIMETHOD\fR .RS 4 Utilizza il metodo specificato per cifrare le password\&. .sp I metodi disponibili sono DES, MD5, NONE e SHA256 o SHA512 se la propria libc lo consente\&. .sp -Normalmente (se nessuna delle opzioni +By default (if none of the \fB\-c\fR, -\fB\-m\fR -o +\fB\-m\fR, or \fB\-e\fR -viene specificata), il metodo di cifratura \(`e definito dalle variabili +options are specified), the encryption method is defined by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -o +or \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -in +variables of /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP @@ -99,13 +99,14 @@ Usa la cifratura MD5 anzich\('e DES quando le password fornite non sono cifrate\ .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR\ \&\fICICLI\fR +\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR\ \&\fIROUNDS\fR .RS 4 Usa il numero specificato di cicli per cifrare la password\&. .sp @@ -115,11 +116,11 @@ I valori minimo di 1\&.000 e massimo di 999\&.999\&.999 sono forzati\&. .sp Si pu\(`o utilizzare questa opzione solo con i metodi di cifratura SHA256 o SHA512\&. .sp -Il numero di cicli \(`e definito dalle variabili +By default, the number of rounds is defined by the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -e +and \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -in +variables in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .SH "AVVISI/CAVEAT" @@ -127,48 +128,48 @@ in Ricordarsi di impostare i permessi o umask in modo da prevenire la lettura in chiaro da parte di altri utenti\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (testo) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Definisce l\*(Aqalgoritmo di cifratura predefinito per le password (se non ne viene specificato uno a riga di comando)\&. .sp -Pu\(`o avere uno dei seguenti valori: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(predefinito), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Nota: questo parametro ha la precedenza sulla variabile -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Indica se le password vanno cifrate usando l\*(Aqalgoritmo basato su MD5\&. Se impostato a -\fIyes\fR -le nuove password saranno cifrate usando un algoritmo basato su MD5 e compatibile con quello delle versioni pi\(`u recenti di FreeBSD\&. Supporta password di lunghezza qualsiasi e testi \(Fosalt\(Fc pi\(`u lunghi\&. Impostare a +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to \fIno\fR -se si devono copiare password su altri sistemi che non gestiscono l\*(Aqalgoritmo\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Questa variabile ha meno priorit\(`a della variabile +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -e di qualsiasi opzione a riga di comando che imposta un algoritmo di cifratura\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Questa variabile non \(`e pi\(`u usata\&. Si dovrebbe utilizzare +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (numerico), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (numerico) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Quando +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -vale +is set to \fISHA256\fR -o -\fISHA512\fR, questo definisce il numero di cicli SHA usati per l\*(Aqalgoritmo di cifratura (quando il numero di cicli non \(`e impostato a riga di comando)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Con molti cicli \(`e pi\(`u difficile trovare una password usando la forza bruta\&. Ma va notato che \(`e richiesta maggiore potenza di calcolo per autenticare gli utenti\&. .sp @@ -176,15 +177,16 @@ Se non specificato sar\(`a la libc a scegliere il numero di cicli (5000)\&. .sp Il valore deve essere compreso tra 1\&.000 e 999\&.999\&.999\&. .sp -Se viene impostato solo uno tra +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -e -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, allora l\*(Aqunico valore viene utilizzato\&. +or +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Se +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, allora viene utilizzato il maggiore\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "FILE" .PP @@ -206,4 +208,5 @@ Configurazione del pacchetto password shadow .PP \fBpasswd\fR(1), \fBnewusers\fR(8), -\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&. +\fBlogin.defs\fR(5), +\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&. diff --git a/man/it/man8/faillog.8 b/man/it/man8/faillog.8 index afb95c95..8aeff617 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/faillog.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/faillog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "FAILLOG" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "FAILLOG" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -35,31 +35,33 @@ faillog \- mostra le registrazioni e imposta i limiti degli accessi falliti .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP \fBfaillog\fR -mostra il contentuto del database degli accessi falliti (/var/log/faillog); pu\(`o anche essere usato per impostare i conteggi e i limiti dei tentativi falliti\&. Eseguire +displays the contents of the failure log database (/var/log/faillog)\&. It can also set the failure counters and limits\&. When \fBfaillog\fR -senza argomenti per ottenere un elenco degli utenti che hanno fallito almeno un tentativo di accesso\&. +is run without arguments, it only displays the faillog records of the users who had a login failure\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBfaillog\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR .RS 4 -Mostra (o opera su) registrazioni faillog per tutti gli utenti presenti nel database -faillog\&. +Display (or act on) faillog records for all users having an entry in the +faillog +database\&. .sp -L\*(Aqintervallo di utenti pu\(`o essere ristretto con l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-u\fR\&. +The range of users can be restricted with the +\fB\-u\fR +option\&. .sp Nella modalit\(`a di visualizzazione, questo \(`e gi\(`a ristretto ai soli utenti esistenti, ma vengono mostrate anche eventuali registrazioni vuote\&. .sp -Con le opzioni +With the \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-m\fR, -\fB\-r\fR -e -\fB\-t\fR, le registrazioni degli utenti sono modificate anche se l\*(Aqutente non esiste nel sistema\&. Questo \(`e utile quando si vogliono azzerare le registrazioni degli utenti cancellati, o per definire in anticipo delle norme per intervalli di utenti\&. +\fB\-r\fR, +\fB\-t\fR +options, the users\*(Aq records are changed, even if the user does not exist on the system\&. This is useful to reset records of users that have been deleted or to set a policy in advance for a range of users\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -69,85 +71,88 @@ Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .PP \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-lock\-secs\fR\ \&\fISEC\fR .RS 4 -Blocca l\*(Aqaccount per +Lock account for \fISEC\fR -secondi dopo un tentativo di accesso fallito\&. +seconds after failed login\&. .sp -Per questa opzione \(`e necessario l\*(Aqaccesso in scrittura a -/var/log/faillog\&. +Write access to +/var/log/faillog +is required for this option\&. .RE .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-maximum\fR\ \&\fIMAX\fR .RS 4 -Imposta a -\fIMAX\fR -il massimo numero di accessi falliti prima che l\*(Aqaccount sia disabilitato\&. +Set the maximum number of login failures after the account is disabled to +\fIMAX\fR\&. .sp -Impostare +Selecting a \fIMAX\fR -al valore 0 ha l\*(Aqeffetto di non porre nessun limite al numero di accessi falliti\&. +value of 0 has the effect of not placing a limit on the number of failed logins\&. .sp -Il numero massimo di fallimenti dovrebbe sempre essere 0 per +The maximum failure count should always be 0 for \fIroot\fR -in modo da evitare attacchi al sistema di tipo \(Fodenial of service\(Fc\&. +to prevent a denial of services attack against the system\&. .sp -Per questa opzione \(`e necessario l\*(Aqaccesso in scrittura a -/var/log/faillog\&. +Write access to +/var/log/faillog +is required for this option\&. .RE .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-reset\fR .RS 4 Azzera i contatori degli accessi falliti\&. .sp -Per questa opzione \(`e necessario l\*(Aqaccesso in scrittura a -/var/log/faillog\&. +Write access to +/var/log/faillog +is required for this option\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIGIORNI\fR +\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -Visualizza le registrazioni faillog pi\(`u recenti di -\fIGIORNI\fR -giorni\&. +Display faillog records more recent than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIINTERVALLO\fR +\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIRANGE\fR .RS 4 -Mostra la registrazione degli accessi falliti o, se sono state usate le opzioni -\fB\-r\fR, +Display faillog record or maintains failure counters and limits (if used with +\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-m\fR -o -\fB\-l\fR, imposta contatori e limiti solo gli utenti specificati\&. +or +\fB\-r\fR +options) only for the specified user(s)\&. .sp -Gli utenti possono essere specificati utilizzando il loro nome oppure l\*(AqID numerico o tramite un -\fIINTERVALLO\fR -di utenti\&. Questo -\fIINTERVALLO\fR -di utenti ha tre forme: tra minimo e massimo (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), fino ad un valore massimo (\fI\-UID_MAX\fR) o da un valore minimo (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR)\&. +The users can be specified by a login name, a numerical user ID, or a +\fIRANGE\fR +of users\&. This +\fIRANGE\fR +of users can be specified with a min and max values (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), a max value (\fI\-UID_MAX\fR), or a min value (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR)\&. .RE .PP -Quando nessuna tra le opzioni +When none of the \fB\-l\fR, -\fB\-m\fR -o +\fB\-m\fR, or \fB\-r\fR -\(`e utilizzata, +options are used, \fBfaillog\fR -mostra le voci dei fallimenti degli utenti specificati\&. +displays the faillog record of the specified user(s)\&. .SH "AVVISI/CAVEAT" .PP \fBfaillog\fR -mostra solo gli utenti che non hanno effettuato nessun accesso corretto dopo l\*(Aqultimo tentativo fallito\&. Un utente che abbia completato correttamente un accesso dopo l\*(Aqultimo tentativo fallito \(`e mostrato solo se viene richiesto esplicitamente con l\*(Aqopzione +only prints out users with no successful login since the last failure\&. To print out a user who has had a successful login since their last failure, you must explicitly request the user with the \fB\-u\fR -o se viene richiesto di mostrare tutti gli utenti con l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-a\fR\&. +flag, or print out all users with the +\fB\-a\fR +flag\&. .SH "FILE" .PP /var/log/faillog diff --git a/man/it/man8/groupadd.8 b/man/it/man8/groupadd.8 index 1803ad57..b9176a29 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/groupadd.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/groupadd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupadd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,34 +34,36 @@ groupadd \- crea un nuovo gruppo \fBgroupadd\fR [\fIopzioni\fR] \fIgruppo\fR .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il comando +The \fBgroupadd\fR -crea un nuovo account di gruppo usando i valori specificati sulla riga di comando ed i valori predefiniti dal sistema\&. Il nuovo gruppo verr\(`a aggiunto ai file di sistema secondo necessit\(`a\&. +command creates a new group account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system\&. The new group will be entered into the system files as needed\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBgroupadd\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR .RS 4 -Questa opzione fa s\(`i che il comando esca con esito positivo nel caso che il gruppo esista gi\(`a\&. Quando utilizzato con l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-g\fR, e il GID specificato esiste, un altro GID (univoco) viene scelto (cio\(`e +This option causes the command to simply exit with success status if the specified group already exists\&. When used with +\fB\-g\fR, and the specified GID already exists, another (unique) GID is chosen (i\&.e\&. \fB\-g\fR -viene ignorato)\&. +is turned off)\&. .RE .PP -"\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGID\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGID\fR .RS 4 -Il valore numerico dell\*(Aqidentificatore (ID) del gruppo\&. Questo valore deve essere univoco, a meno che non venga usata l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-o\fR\&. Il valore deve essere non\-negativo\&. La scelta predefinita \(`e quella di usare il minimo valore di ID maggiore o eguale a +The numerical value of the group\*(Aqs ID\&. This value must be unique, unless the +\fB\-o\fR +option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to \fBGID_MIN\fR -e superiore a qualunque altro gruppo\&. +and greater than every other group\&. .sp -Vedere anche l\*(Aqopzione +See also the \fB\-r\fR -e la descrizione di -\fBGID_MAX\fR\&. +option and the +\fBGID_MAX\fR +description\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -69,19 +71,21 @@ e la descrizione di Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIKEY\fR=\fIVALUE\fR\&. +\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIKEY\fR=\fIVALUE\fR .RS 4 -Ha la precedenza sui valori predefiniti (GID_MIN, GID_MAX e altri) definiti in -/etc/login\&.defs\&. Pi\(`u opzioni +Overrides +/etc/login\&.defs +defaults (GID_MIN, GID_MAX and others)\&. Multiple \fB\-K\fR -possono essere specificate\&. +options can be specified\&. .sp -Esempio: -\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR\ \&\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR +Example: +\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR\ \& +\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR .sp -Nota: +Note: \fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI10\fR,\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR -non funziona ancora\&. +doesn\*(Aqt work yet\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR @@ -91,11 +95,11 @@ Questa opzione permette di aggiungere un gruppo con un GID non univoco\&. .PP \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -La password cifrata, come restituita da -\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. Il comportamento predefinito \(`e di disabilitare la password\&. +The encrypted password, as returned by +\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. The default is to disable the password\&. .sp -\fBNota:\fR -questa opzione non \(`e consigliata perch\('e la password (o password cifrata) sar\(`a visibile agli utenti che elencano i processi\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Ci si deve accertare che la password rispetti le norme delle password del sistema\&. .RE @@ -104,19 +108,20 @@ Ci si deve accertare che la password rispetti le norme delle password del sistem .RS 4 Crea un gruppo di sistema\&. .sp -L\*(Aqidentificativo numerico del nuovo gruppo di sistema \(`e scelto nell\*(Aqintervallo +The numeric identifiers of new system groups are chosen in the \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR -definito in -login\&.defs, al posto di +range, defined in +login\&.defs, instead of \fBGID_MIN\fR\-\fBGID_MAX\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -129,29 +134,28 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (numerico), \fBGID_MIN\fR (numerico) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Intervallo di ID di gruppo per la creazione di gruppi normali tramite +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -o +\fBgroupadd\fR, or \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Il valore predefinito per +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -(rispettivamente -\fBGID_MAX\fR) \(`e 1000 (rispettivmente 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (numero) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Numero massimo di membri per gruppo\&. Quando viene raggiunto il massimo, viene creata una nuova riga per il gruppo nel file +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(con lo stesso nome, stessa password e stesso GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Il valore predefinito \(`e 0, che non pone nessun limite al numero di membri per gruppo\&. .sp @@ -162,18 +166,17 @@ Se si deve impostare questo limite, si pu\(`o usare 25\&. Nota: la divisione dei gruppi potrebbe non essere supportata da ogni strumento (anche all\*(Aqinterno del pacchetto Shadow)\&. Non si dovrebbe utilizzare questa variabile a meno di esserci forzati\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (numerico), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (numerico) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Intervallo di ID di gruppo utilizzato per la creazione di un gruppo di sistema da +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -o +\fBgroupadd\fR, or \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Il valore predefinito per +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -(rispettivamente -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) \(`e 101 (rispettivamente +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .SH "FILE" @@ -196,18 +199,50 @@ Configurazione del pacchetto password shadow .PP I nomi di gruppo devono iniziare con una lettera minuscola o l\*(Aqunderscore, seguiti da lettere minuscole, cifre numeriche, underscore o trattini\&. Possono terminare con il simbolo del dollaro\&. In termini di espressioni regolari: [a\-z_][a\-z0\-9_\-]*[$]? .PP -I nomi di gruppo possono essere al massimo di 16 caratteri\&. +Groupnames may only be up to 16 characters long\&. .PP Non \(`e possibile aggiungere un gruppo NIS o LDAP\&. Questo deve essere fatto sul server corrispondente\&. .PP -Se il nome di gruppo esiste gi\(`a in un database esterno come quello NIS o LDAP, +If the groupname already exists in an external group database such as NIS or LDAP, \fBgroupadd\fR -negher\(`a la richiesta di creazione del gruppo\&. +will deny the group creation request\&. .SH "VALORI RESTITUITI" .PP -Il comando +The \fBgroupadd\fR -restituisce i seguenti valori: +command exits with the following values: +.PP +\fI0\fR +.RS 4 +success +.RE +.PP +\fI2\fR +.RS 4 +invalid command syntax +.RE +.PP +\fI3\fR +.RS 4 +invalid argument to option +.RE +.PP +\fI4\fR +.RS 4 +GID not unique (when +\fB\-o\fR +not used) +.RE +.PP +\fI9\fR +.RS 4 +group name not unique +.RE +.PP +\fI10\fR +.RS 4 +can\*(Aqt update group file +.RE .SH "VEDERE ANCHE" .PP \fBchfn\fR(1), diff --git a/man/it/man8/groupdel.8 b/man/it/man8/groupdel.8 index c71692b9..6b2e0ded 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/groupdel.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/groupdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,15 +34,15 @@ groupdel \- rimuove un gruppo \fBgroupdel\fR [\fIopzioni\fR] \fIGRUPPO\fR .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il comando +The \fBgroupdel\fR -modifica i file di account di sistema rimuovendo tutte le voci che si riferiscono a -\fIGRUPPO\fR\&. Il gruppo indicato deve esistere\&. +command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to +\fIGROUP\fR\&. The named group must exist\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBgroupdel\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -51,10 +51,11 @@ Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -72,15 +73,15 @@ Non si pu\(`o rimuovere un gruppo che sia gruppo primario di un utente\&. Occorr Occorre controllare manualmente tutti i file system per assicurarsi che non rimanga alcun file avente questo ID di gruppo\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (numero) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Numero massimo di membri per gruppo\&. Quando viene raggiunto il massimo, viene creata una nuova riga per il gruppo nel file +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(con lo stesso nome, stessa password e stesso GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Il valore predefinito \(`e 0, che non pone nessun limite al numero di membri per gruppo\&. .sp @@ -103,33 +104,33 @@ Informazioni sicure sugli account di gruppo\&. .RE .SH "VALORI RESTITUITI" .PP -Il comando +The \fBgroupdel\fR -restituisce i seguenti valori: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -successo +success .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -sintassi del comando errata +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -il gruppo specificato non esiste +specified group doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI8\fR .RS 4 -operazione impossibile perch\('e il gruppo \(`e primario per un utente +can\*(Aqt remove user\*(Aqs primary group .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -non \(`e possibile aggiornare il file group +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .SH "VEDERE ANCHE" .PP diff --git a/man/it/man8/groupmems.8 b/man/it/man8/groupmems.8 index 04ef34f8..a563687f 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/groupmems.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/groupmems.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmems .\" Author: George Kraft, IV .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "GROUPMEMS" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "GROUPMEMS" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,40 +34,45 @@ groupmems \- membri amministratori del gruppo primario dell\*(Aqutente \fBgroupmems\fR \-a\ \fIuser_name\fR | \-d\ \fIuser_name\fR | [\-g\ \fIgroup_name\fR] | \-l | \-p .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il comando +The \fBgroupmems\fR -permette a utenti di amministrare la lista di membri del proprio gruppo senza richiedere i privilegi di amministratore\&. Il comando +command allows a user to administer their own group membership list without the requirement of superuser privileges\&. The \fBgroupmems\fR -\(`e per sistemi che configurano gli utenti perch\('e siano in un gruppo primario con lo stesso nome dell\*(Aqutente (esempio: guest/guest)\&. +utility is for systems that configure its users to be in their own name sake primary group (i\&.e\&., guest / guest)\&. .PP -Solo il super utente, come amministratore, pu\(`o utilizzare +Only the superuser, as administrator, can use \fBgroupmems\fR -per modificare l\*(Aqelenco di membri di altri gruppi\&. +to alter the memberships of other groups\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBgroupmems\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIuser_name\fR .RS 4 Add a user to the group membership list\&. .sp -Se esiste il file +If the /etc/gshadow -e il gruppo non vi \(`e presente, viene aggiunto\&. +file exist, and the group has no entry in the +/etc/gshadow +file, a new entry will be created\&. .RE .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fIuser_name\fR .RS 4 Cancella un utente dall\*(Aqelenco degli utenti del gruppo\&. .sp -Se esiste il file -/etc/gshadow, l\*(Aqutente verr\(`a rimosso dalle liste di utenti e amministratori del gruppo\&. +If the +/etc/gshadow +file exist, the user will be removed from the list of members and administrators of the group\&. .sp -Se esiste il file +If the +/etc/gshadow +file exist, and the group has no entry in the /etc/gshadow -e il gruppo non vi \(`e presente, viene aggiunto\&. +file, a new entry will be created\&. .RE .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR\ \&\fIgroup_name\fR @@ -89,40 +94,44 @@ Elenca tutti i membri del gruppo\&. .RS 4 Elimina tutti gli utenti dalla lista dei membri del gruppo\&. .sp -Se esiste il file +If the /etc/gshadow -e il gruppo non vi \(`e presente, viene aggiunto\&. +file exist, and the group has no entry in the +/etc/gshadow +file, a new entry will be created\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory\&. .RE .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -L\*(Aqeseguibile +The \fBgroupmems\fR -dovrebbe avere i permessi +executable should be in mode 2770 -ed essere di propriet\(`a di +as user \fIroot\fR -e del gruppo -\fIgroups\fR\&. L\*(Aqamministratore di sistema pu\(`o aggiungere utenti al gruppo +and in group +\fIgroups\fR\&. The system administrator can add users to group \fIgroups\fR -per permettere loro di poter gestire l\*(Aqelenco di membri del proprio gruppo tramite il comando -\fBgroupmems\fR\&. +to allow or disallow them using the +\fBgroupmems\fR +utility to manage their own group membership list\&. .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf - $ groupadd \-r groups - $ chmod 2770 groupmems - $ chown root\&.groups groupmems - $ groupmems \-g groups \-a gk4 + $ groupadd \-r groups + $ chmod 2770 groupmems + $ chown root\&.groups groupmems + $ groupmems \-g groups \-a gk4 .fi .if n \{\ @@ -130,15 +139,15 @@ per permettere loro di poter gestire l\*(Aqelenco di membri del proprio gruppo t .\} .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (numero) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Numero massimo di membri per gruppo\&. Quando viene raggiunto il massimo, viene creata una nuova riga per il gruppo nel file +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(con lo stesso nome, stessa password e stesso GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Il valore predefinito \(`e 0, che non pone nessun limite al numero di membri per gruppo\&. .sp diff --git a/man/it/man8/groupmod.8 b/man/it/man8/groupmod.8 index 33df926a..30503cee 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/groupmod.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/groupmod.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmod .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "GROUPMOD" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "GROUPMOD" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,41 +34,41 @@ groupmod \- modifica la definizione di un gruppo del sistema \fBgroupmod\fR [\fIopzioni\fR] \fIGRUPPO\fR .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il comando +The \fBgroupmod\fR -cambia la definizione del -\fIGRUPPO\fR -modificando appropriatamente il database dei gruppi\&. +command modifies the definition of the specified +\fIGROUP\fR +by modifying the appropriate entry in the group database\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBgroupmod\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP -"\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGID\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGID\fR .RS 4 -Verr\(`a modificato l\*(AqID del -\fIGRUPPO\fR -in +The group ID of the given +\fIGROUP\fR +will be changed to \fIGID\fR\&. .sp -Il valore +The value of \fIGID\fR -deve essere un numero intero decimale non negativo\&. Deve essere univoco, a meno che non venga usata l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-o\fR\&. +must be a non\-negative decimal integer\&. This value must be unique, unless the +\fB\-o\fR +option is used\&. .sp Gli utenti che hanno il gruppo come gruppo primario verranno aggiornati per mantenere tale gruppo come loro gruppo primario\&. .sp -Tutti i file che hanno il vecchio ID di gruppo e devono continuare ad appartenere a -\fIGRUPPO\fR, devono essere aggiornati manualmente\&. +Any files that have the old group ID and must continue to belong to +\fIGROUP\fR, must have their group ID changed manually\&. .sp -Non verr\(`a effettuato nessun controllo riguardo i limiti +No checks will be performed with regard to the \fBGID_MIN\fR, \fBGID_MAX\fR, -\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -o +\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR, or \fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR -definiti in +from /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP @@ -77,39 +77,42 @@ definiti in Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-new\-name\fR\ \&\fINUOVO_GRUPPO\fR +\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-new\-name\fR\ \&\fINEW_GROUP\fR .RS 4 -Il nome del gruppo verr\(`a modificato da -\fIGRUPPO\fR -a -\fINUOVO_GRUPPO\fR\&. +The name of the group will be changed from +\fIGROUP\fR +to +\fINEW_GROUP\fR +name\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR .RS 4 -Quando \(`e usato con l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-g\fR, permette di cambiare il +When used with the +\fB\-g\fR +option, allow to change the group \fIGID\fR -in un valore non univoco\&. +to a non\-unique value\&. .RE .PP \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -La passwird cifrata, cos\(`i come viene restituita da +The encrypted password, as returned by \fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. .sp -\fBNota:\fR -questa opzione non \(`e consigliata perch\('e la password (o password cifrata) sar\(`a visibile agli utenti che elencano i processi\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Ci si deve accertare che la password rispetti le norme delle password del sistema\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -122,15 +125,15 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (numero) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Numero massimo di membri per gruppo\&. Quando viene raggiunto il massimo, viene creata una nuova riga per il gruppo nel file +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(con lo stesso nome, stessa password e stesso GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Il valore predefinito \(`e 0, che non pone nessun limite al numero di membri per gruppo\&. .sp @@ -163,9 +166,59 @@ Informazioni sugli account utente\&. .RE .SH "VALORI RESTITUITI" .PP -Il comando +The \fBgroupmod\fR -esce con i seguenti valori: +command exits with the following values: +.PP +\fI0\fR +.RS 4 +E_SUCCESS: success +.RE +.PP +\fI2\fR +.RS 4 +E_USAGE: invalid command syntax +.RE +.PP +\fI3\fR +.RS 4 +E_BAD_ARG: invalid argument to option +.RE +.PP +\fI4\fR +.RS 4 +E_GID_IN_USE: specified group doesn\*(Aqt exist +.RE +.PP +\fI6\fR +.RS 4 +E_NOTFOUND: specified group doesn\*(Aqt exist +.RE +.PP +\fI9\fR +.RS 4 +E_NAME_IN_USE: group name already in use +.RE +.PP +\fI10\fR +.RS 4 +E_GRP_UPDATE: can\*(Aqt update group file +.RE +.PP +\fI11\fR +.RS 4 +E_CLEANUP_SERVICE: can\*(Aqt setup cleanup service +.RE +.PP +\fI12\fR +.RS 4 +E_PAM_USERNAME: can\*(Aqt determine your username for use with pam +.RE +.PP +\fI13\fR +.RS 4 +E_PAM_ERROR: pam returned an error, see syslog facility id groupmod for the PAM error message +.RE .SH "VEDERE ANCHE" .PP \fBchfn\fR(1), diff --git a/man/it/man8/grpck.8 b/man/it/man8/grpck.8 index ba0cceba..ec5093f7 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/grpck.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/grpck.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: grpck .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "GRPCK" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "GRPCK" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,11 +34,12 @@ grpck \- verifica l\*(Aqintegrit\(`a dei file dei gruppi \fBgrpck\fR [opzioni] [\fIgruppo\fR\ [\ \fIshadow\fR\ ]] .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il comando +The \fBgrpck\fR -verifica l\*(Aqintegrit\(`a delle informazioni sui gruppi\&. Ogni voce in -/etc/groupe in /etc/gshadow -viene controllata per verificare che abbia il formato corretto e dati validi\&. Viene richiesto all\*(Aqutente di rimuovere le voci che non hanno un formato appropriato o che presentano altri errori impossibili da correggere\&. +command verifies the integrity of the groups information\&. It checks that all entries in +/etc/group +and /etc/gshadow +have the proper format and contain valid data\&. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors\&. .PP Vengono fatti controlli per verificare che ogni voce abbia: .sp @@ -72,8 +73,8 @@ un nome univoco e valido di gruppo .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -un identificatore valido di gruppo -(solo /etc/group) +a valid group identifier +(/etc/group only) .RE .sp .RS 4 @@ -84,7 +85,8 @@ un identificatore valido di gruppo .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -un elenco valido di membrie amministratori +a valid list of members +and administrators .RE .sp .RS 4 @@ -95,34 +97,36 @@ un elenco valido di membrie amministratori .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -una voce corrispondente nel file +a corresponding entry in the /etc/gshadow -(rispettivamente +file (respectively /etc/group -per i controlli in -gshadow) +for the +gshadow +checks) .RE .PP -Gli errori nelle verifiche sul corretto numero di campi e sull\*(Aqunivocit\(`a del nome del gruppo sono irrimediabili\&. Se una voce ha un numero errato di campi, all\*(Aqutente viene chiesto di cancellare l\*(Aqintera riga; se l\*(Aqutente non risponde affermativamente, vengono omessi tutti gli ulteriori controlli\&. Viene richiesta la cancellazione anche per le voci aventi il nome del gruppo duplicato, ma i rimanenti controlli vengono ugualmente effettuati\&. Tutti gli altri errori non sono gravi e l\*(Aqutente \(`e invitato a eseguire il comando +The checks for correct number of fields and unique group name are fatal\&. If an entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line\&. If the user does not answer affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed\&. An entry with a duplicated group name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made\&. All other errors are warnings and the user is encouraged to run the \fBgroupmod\fR -per correggerli\&. +command to correct the error\&. .PP -I comandi che operano -sui file /etc/group e /etc/gshadow -non sono in grado di modificare voci corrotte o duplicate; in tali circostanze va usato +The commands which operate on the +/etc/group +and /etc/gshadow files +are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries\&. \fBgrpck\fR -per rimuovere le voci scorrette\&. +should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entries\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Le opzioni +The \fB\-r\fR -e +and \fB\-s\fR -non possono essere combinate\&. +options cannot be combined\&. .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBgrpck\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -131,26 +135,28 @@ Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-read\-only\fR .RS 4 -Esegue il comando +Execute the \fBgrpck\fR -in sola lettura\&. Questo implica che sia risposto +command in read\-only mode\&. This causes all questions regarding changes to be answered \fIno\fR -automaticamente a tutte le domande relative alle modifiche\&. +without user intervention\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sort\fR .RS 4 -Ordina le voci in +Sort entries in /etc/group -e /etc/gshadowper GID\&. +and /etc/gshadow +by GID\&. .RE .PP By default, @@ -162,15 +168,15 @@ and /etc/gshadow\&. The user may select alternate files with the and \fIshadow\fR parameters\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (numero) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Numero massimo di membri per gruppo\&. Quando viene raggiunto il massimo, viene creata una nuova riga per il gruppo nel file +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(con lo stesso nome, stessa password e stesso GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Il valore predefinito \(`e 0, che non pone nessun limite al numero di membri per gruppo\&. .sp @@ -198,43 +204,44 @@ Informazioni sugli account utente\&. .RE .SH "VALORI RESTITUITI" .PP -Il comando +The \fBgrpck\fR -restituisce i seguenti valori: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -successo +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -sintassi del comando errata +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -una o pi\(`u voci di gruppo contengono errori +one or more bad group entries .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -impossibile aprire i file dei gruppi +can\*(Aqt open group files .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -impossibile fare il lock dei file dei gruppi +can\*(Aqt lock group files .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -impossibile aggiornare i file dei gruppi +can\*(Aqt update group files .RE .SH "VEDERE ANCHE" .PP \fBgroup\fR(5), \fBgroupmod\fR(8), -\fBgshadow\fR(5),\fBpasswd\fR(5), +\fBgshadow\fR(5), +\fBpasswd\fR(5), \fBpwck\fR(8), \fBshadow\fR(5)\&. diff --git a/man/it/man8/lastlog.8 b/man/it/man8/lastlog.8 index c8cc2b4c..4c9ef987 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/lastlog.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/lastlog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: lastlog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "LASTLOG" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "LASTLOG" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -35,24 +35,24 @@ lastlog \- riepiloga gli accessi pi\(`u recenti di tutti gli utenti o dell\*(Aqu .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP \fBlastlog\fR -formatta e mostra il log degli ultimi accessi, contenuto nel file -/var/log/lastlog\&. Le informazioni mostrate sono il -\fInome utente\fR, la -\fIporta\fR -e la -\fIdata dell\*(Aqultimo accesso\fR\&. Il comportamento predefinito (nessuna opzione specificata) \(`e di mostrare i record di ultimo accesso per tutti gli utenti, nell\*(Aqordine in cui compaiono in +formats and prints the contents of the last login log +/var/log/lastlog +file\&. The +\fIlogin\-name\fR, +\fIport\fR, and +\fIlast login time\fR +will be printed\&. The default (no flags) causes lastlog entries to be printed, sorted by their order in /etc/passwd\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBlastlog\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP -\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-before\fR\ \&\fIGIORNI\fR +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-before\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -Mostra solo i record di ultimo accesso pi\(`u vecchi di -\fIGIORNI\fR -giorni\&. +Print only lastlog records older than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-C\fR, \fB\-\-clear\fR @@ -69,10 +69,11 @@ Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-S\fR, \fB\-\-set\fR @@ -82,38 +83,41 @@ Set lastlog record of a user to the current time\&. This option can be used only (\fB\-\-user\fR))\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIGIORNI\fR +\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -Mostra solo i record di ultimo accesso pi\(`u recenti di -\fIGIORNI\fR\&. +Print the lastlog records more recent than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIINTERVALLO\fR +\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIRANGE\fR .RS 4 Mostra il record di ultimo accesso per l\*(Aqutente o gli utenti specificati da \fILOGIN\fR\&. .sp -Gli utenti possono essere specificati utilizzando il loro nome oppure l\*(AqID numerico o tramite un -\fIINTERVALLO\fR -di utenti\&. Questo -\fIINTERVALLO\fR -di utenti ha tre forme: tra minimo e massimo (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), fino ad un valore massimo (\fI\-UID_MAX\fR) o da un valore minimo (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR)\&. +The users can be specified by a login name, a numerical user ID, or a +\fIRANGE\fR +of users\&. This +\fIRANGE\fR +of users can be specified with a min and max values (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), a max value (\fI\-UID_MAX\fR), or a min value (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR)\&. .RE .PP -Se l\*(Aqutente non ha mai effettuato accessi al sistema viene mostrato, al posto della porta e della data, il messaggio \(Fo\fI**Nessun accesso effettuato**\fR\(Fc\&. +If the user has never logged in the message +\fI** Never logged in**\fR +will be displayed instead of the port and time\&. .PP Solo le registrazioni degli utenti correnti del sistema verranno mostrate\&. Ci potrebbero essere altre registrazioni per utenti cancellati in precedenza\&. .SH "NOTA" .PP -Il file +The lastlog -\(`e un database che contiene informazioni sull\*(Aqultimo accesso di ogni utente\&. Non deve essere ruotato\&. Si tratta di un file \(Fosparse\(Fc, quindi la sua dimensione \(`e minore di quanto normalmente mostrato da \(Fo\fBls \-l\fR\(Fc (che potrebbe indicare una dimensione veramente grande se si hanno utenti con grandi UID in -passwd)\&. Si pu\(`o vedere la dimensione effettiva con \(Fo\fBls \-s\fR\(Fc\&. +file is a database which contains info on the last login of each user\&. You should not rotate it\&. It is a sparse file, so its size on the disk is usually much smaller than the one shown by "\fBls \-l\fR" (which can indicate a really big file if you have in +passwd +users with a high UID)\&. You can display its real size with "\fBls \-s\fR"\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number) .RS 4 diff --git a/man/it/man8/logoutd.8 b/man/it/man8/logoutd.8 index 5ce6ada1..4c9fd544 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/logoutd.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/logoutd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: logoutd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -35,15 +35,15 @@ logoutd \- impone le limitazioni sugli orari d\*(Aqaccesso .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP \fBlogoutd\fR -fa rispettare le limitazioni sugli orari e sulle porte di accesso specificate in +enforces the login time and port restrictions specified in /etc/porttime\&. \fBlogoutd\fR -andrebbe avviato da -/etc/rc\&. Il file +should be started from +/etc/rc\&. The /var/run/utmp -viene controllato periodicamente per verificare che a ciascun utente sia consentito l\*(Aqaccesso da quella determinata porta e all\*(Aqorario attuale\&. Ogni sessione di login che stia violando le limitazioni in +file is scanned periodically and each user name is checked to see if the named user is permitted on the named port at the current time\&. Any login session which is violating the restrictions in /etc/porttime -viene terminata\&. +is terminated\&. .SH "FILE" .PP /etc/porttime diff --git a/man/it/man8/newusers.8 b/man/it/man8/newusers.8 index ad0bcf2d..826e460e 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/newusers.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/newusers.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newusers .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "NEWUSERS" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "NEWUSERS" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ newusers \- aggiorna e crea nuovi utenti in blocco \fBnewusers\fR [\fIopzioni\fR] [\fIfile\fR] .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il comando +The \fBnewusers\fR -legge un +command reads a \fIfile\fR -(o il proprio standard input) e utilizza queste informazioni per aggiornare l\*(Aqinsieme di utenti gi\(`a esistenti oppure per crearne di nuovi\&. Ogni riga \(`e nello stesso formato del file standard passwd (vedere -\fBpasswd\fR(5)) con le seguenti eccezioni: +(or the standard input by default) and uses this information to update a set of existing users or to create new users\&. Each line is in the same format as the standard password file (see +\fBpasswd\fR(5)) with the exceptions explained below: .PP pw_name:pw_passwd:pw_uid:pw_gid:pw_gecos:pw_dir:pw_shell .PP @@ -75,19 +75,19 @@ Se viene cambiato l\*(AqUID di un utente esistente, la propriet\(`a dei file di .RS 4 Definisce il l\*(AqID del gruppo primario dell\*(Aqutente\&. .sp -Se questo campo contiene il nome di un gruppo esistente (o un gruppo creato in precedenza da -\fBnewusers\fR), verr\(`a utilizzato come ID del gruppo primario di questo utente il GID del gruppo stesso\&. +If this field contains the name of an existing group (or a group created before by +\fBnewusers\fR), the GID of this group will be used as the primary group ID for the user\&. .sp Se questo campo \(`e numerico, questo numero verr\(`a utilizzato come ID del gruppo primario dell\*(Aqutente\&. Se non esiste nessun gruppo con quel GID, ne viene creato uno con il nome dell\*(Aqutente e il GID specificato\&. .sp -Se questo campo \(`e vuoto verr\(`a creato un nuovo gruppo con lo stesso nome dell\*(Aqutente e con un GID determinato automaticamente da +If this field is empty, a new group will be created with the name of the user and a GID will be automatically defined by \fBnewusers\fR -da utilizzare come ID del gruppo primario dell\*(Aqutente e come GID del nuovo gruppo\&. +to be used as the primary group ID for the user and as the GID for the new group\&. .sp -Se questo campo contiene il nome di un gruppo che non esiste (e non \(`e stato creato precedentemente da -\fBnewusers\fR), verr\(`a creato un nuovo gruppo con il nome specificato e un GID determinato automaticamente da +If this field contains the name of a group which does not exist (and was not created before by +\fBnewusers\fR), a new group will be created with the specified name and a GID will be automatically defined by \fBnewusers\fR -perch\('e sia utilizzato come ID del gruppo primario dell\*(Aqutente e come GID per il nuovo gruppo\&. +to be used as the primary group ID for the user and GID for the new group\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_gecos\fR @@ -101,9 +101,9 @@ Questo campo \(`e utilizzato per impostare la directory home dell\*(Aqutente\&. .sp Se questo campo non contiene il nome di una directory esistente la directory viene creata, assegnandone la propriet\(`a all\*(Aqutente che si sta definendo o aggiornando e al suo gruppo primario\&. .sp -Se si modifica la directory home di un utente esistente, +If the home directory of an existing user is changed, \fBnewusers\fR -non sposta o copia il contenuto della vecchia directory nella nuova\&. Questo va fatto manualmente\&. +does not move or copy the content of the old directory to the new location\&. This should be done manually\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_shell\fR @@ -112,14 +112,19 @@ Questo campo definisce la shell dell\*(Aqutente\&. Su questo campo non viene fat .RE .PP \fBnewusers\fR -prova prima a creare o modificare tutti gli utenti specificati e poi scrive tutte le modifiche sui database utente e gruppi\&. Se c\*(Aq\(`e un errore (eccetto sulla scrittura finale dei database) nessuna modifica viene scritta sui database\&. +first tries to create or change all the specified users, and then write these changes to the user or group databases\&. If an error occurs (except in the final writes to the databases), no changes are committed to the databases\&. .PP Questo comando \(`e appositamente pensato per grossi sistemi nei quali molti account sono aggiornati allo stesso tempo\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBnewusers\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: +.PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR .RS 4 @@ -137,24 +142,24 @@ Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .RS 4 Crea un account di sistema\&. .sp -Gli utenti di sistema sono creati senza informazioni riguardo la scadenza della password in -/etc/shadow -e il loro identificativo numerico \(`e scelto nell\*(Aqintervallo +System users will be created with no aging information in +/etc/shadow, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR -definito nel file -login\&.defs, anzich\('e dell\*(Aqintervallo +range, defined in +login\&.defs, instead of \fBUID_MIN\fR\-\fBUID_MAX\fR -(e la loro controparte +(and their \fBGID\fR -per la creazione dei gruppi)\&. +counterparts for the creation of groups)\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR @@ -167,7 +172,7 @@ I valori minimo di 1\&.000 e massimo di 999\&.999\&.999 sono forzati\&. .sp Si pu\(`o utilizzare questa opzione solo con i metodi di cifratura SHA256 o SHA512\&. .sp -Il numero di cicli predefinito \(`e impostato con le variabili SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS e SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS nel file +By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .SH "AVVISI/CAVEAT" @@ -177,42 +182,42 @@ Il file di input deve essere protetto poich\('e contiene password non cifrate\&. Ci si deve accertare che le password e il metodo di cifratura rispettino le norme delle password del sistema\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (testo) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Definisce l\*(Aqalgoritmo di cifratura predefinito per le password (se non ne viene specificato uno a riga di comando)\&. .sp -Pu\(`o avere uno dei seguenti valori: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(predefinito), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Nota: questo parametro ha la precedenza sulla variabile -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (numerico), \fBGID_MIN\fR (numerico) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Intervallo di ID di gruppo per la creazione di gruppi normali tramite +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -o +\fBgroupadd\fR, or \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Il valore predefinito per +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -(rispettivamente -\fBGID_MAX\fR) \(`e 1000 (rispettivmente 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (numero) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Numero massimo di membri per gruppo\&. Quando viene raggiunto il massimo, viene creata una nuova riga per il gruppo nel file +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(con lo stesso nome, stessa password e stesso GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Il valore predefinito \(`e 0, che non pone nessun limite al numero di membri per gruppo\&. .sp @@ -223,46 +228,45 @@ Se si deve impostare questo limite, si pu\(`o usare 25\&. Nota: la divisione dei gruppi potrebbe non essere supportata da ogni strumento (anche all\*(Aqinterno del pacchetto Shadow)\&. Non si dovrebbe utilizzare questa variabile a meno di esserci forzati\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Indica se le password vanno cifrate usando l\*(Aqalgoritmo basato su MD5\&. Se impostato a -\fIyes\fR -le nuove password saranno cifrate usando un algoritmo basato su MD5 e compatibile con quello delle versioni pi\(`u recenti di FreeBSD\&. Supporta password di lunghezza qualsiasi e testi \(Fosalt\(Fc pi\(`u lunghi\&. Impostare a +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to \fIno\fR -se si devono copiare password su altri sistemi che non gestiscono l\*(Aqalgoritmo\&. Il valore predefinito \(`e +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Questa variabile ha meno priorit\(`a della variabile +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -e di qualsiasi opzione a riga di comando che imposta un algoritmo di cifratura\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Questa variabile non \(`e pi\(`u usata\&. Si dovrebbe utilizzare +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Il numero massimo di giorni che una password pu\(`o essere utilizzata\&. Se la password \(`e pi\(`u vecchia verr\(`a imposto il suo cambiamento\&. Se non specificato viene assunto \-1 (che disabilita questo controllo)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Il numero minimo di giorni tra due cambiamenti di password\&. Ogni tentativo di cambiare la password prima di questo periodo verr\(`a rifiutato\&. Se non specificato viene assunto \-1 (che disabilita questo controllo)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Il numero di giorni per i quali un utente va avvisato che la sua password sta per scadere\&. Se zero l\*(Aqutente viene avvisato solo alla scadenza\&. Un valore negativo indica che non si deve avvisare mai\&. Se non specificato allora non c\*(Aq\(`e nessun avviso\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (numerico), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (numerico) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Quando +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -vale +is set to \fISHA256\fR -o -\fISHA512\fR, questo definisce il numero di cicli SHA usati per l\*(Aqalgoritmo di cifratura (quando il numero di cicli non \(`e impostato a riga di comando)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Con molti cicli \(`e pi\(`u difficile trovare una password usando la forza bruta\&. Ma va notato che \(`e richiesta maggiore potenza di calcolo per autenticare gli utenti\&. .sp @@ -270,15 +274,16 @@ Se non specificato sar\(`a la libc a scegliere il numero di cicli (5000)\&. .sp Il valore deve essere compreso tra 1\&.000 e 999\&.999\&.999\&. .sp -Se viene impostato solo uno tra +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -e -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, allora l\*(Aqunico valore viene utilizzato\&. +or +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Se +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, allora viene utilizzato il maggiore\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .PP \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (number) @@ -327,64 +332,63 @@ The default values for are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (numerico), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (numerico) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Intervallo di ID di gruppo utilizzato per la creazione di un gruppo di sistema da +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -o +\fBgroupadd\fR, or \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Il valore predefinito per +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -(rispettivamente -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) \(`e 101 (rispettivamente +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (numerico), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (numerico) +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Intervallo di ID utente per la creazione degli utenti di sistema con +Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by \fBuseradd\fR -o +or \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Il valore predefinito per +The default value for \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -(rispettivamente -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) \(`e 101 (rispettivamente +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUID_MAX\fR (numerico), \fBUID_MIN\fR (numerico) +\fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Intervallo di ID utente da utilizzare nella creazione degli utenti normali tramite +Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by \fBuseradd\fR -o +or \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Il valore predefinito per +The default value for \fBUID_MIN\fR -(rispettivamente -\fBUID_MAX\fR) \(`e 1000 (rispettivamente 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (numerico) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 La maschera di permessi alla creazione dei file \(`e inizializzata con questo valore\&. Se non specificato la maschera viene impostata a 022\&. .sp \fBuseradd\fR -e +and \fBnewusers\fR -usano questa maschera per impostare i permessi della directory home che creano\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Viene anche utilizzata da +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -per definire la maschera iniziale dell\*(Aqutente\&. Notare che questa maschera pu\(`o essere modificata dalla riga GECOS dell\*(Aqutente (se +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -\(`e impostato) o specificando un limite con l\*(Aqidentificativo +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -in +identifier in \fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .SH "FILE" diff --git a/man/it/man8/nologin.8 b/man/it/man8/nologin.8 index df279e38..68c1e701 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/nologin.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/nologin.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: nologin .\" Author: Nicolas Fran\(,cois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "NOLOGIN" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "NOLOGIN" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ nologin \- rifiuta gentilmente l\*(Aqaccesso \fBnologin\fR .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il comando +The \fBnologin\fR -mostra un messaggio che indica che l\*(Aqaccount non \(`e disponibile ed esce con codice d\*(Aqerrore non zero\&. \(`E stato pensato come sostituto del campo shell per account che sono stati disabilitati\&. +command displays a message that an account is not available and exits non\-zero\&. It is intended as a replacement shell field for accounts that have been disabled\&. .PP -Per diabilitare tutti gli accessi vedere +To disable all logins, investigate \fBnologin\fR(5)\&. .SH "VEDERE ANCHE" .PP diff --git a/man/it/man8/pwck.8 b/man/it/man8/pwck.8 index 7ff9a1ad..3b46f214 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/pwck.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/pwck.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: pwck .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "PWCK" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "PWCK" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,11 +34,13 @@ pwck \- verifica l\*(Aqintegrit\(`a dei file delle password \fBpwck\fR [opzioni] [\fIpasswd\fR\ [\ \fIshadow\fR\ ]] .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP +The \fBpwck\fR -verifica l\*(Aqintegrit\(`a delle informazioni su utenti e autenticazione del sistema\&. Ogni voce in +command verifies the integrity of the users and authentication information\&. It checks that all entries in /etc/passwd -e in +and /etc/shadow +have the proper format and contain valid data\&. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors\&. .PP Vengono fatti controlli per verificare che ogni voce abbia: .sp @@ -108,10 +110,10 @@ una home directory valida una shell di login valida .RE .PP -Le verifiche sul file shadow -sono abilitate ogni volta che si usa un secondo argomento o quanto esiste nel sistema il file -/etc/shadow\&. +checks are enabled when a second file parameter is specified or when +/etc/shadow +exists on the system\&. .PP Le verifiche sono le seguenti: .sp @@ -170,26 +172,31 @@ gli elementi di shadow sono unici le date di ultima modifica non sono nel futuro .RE .PP -Gli errori nelle verifiche sul corretto numero di campi e sull\*(Aqunivocit\(`a del nome utente sono irrimediabili\&. Se una voce ha un numero errato di campi, all\*(Aqutente viene chiesto di cancellare l\*(Aqintera riga; se l\*(Aqutente non risponde affermativamente, vengono omessi tutti gli ulteriori controlli\&. Viene richiesta la cancellazione anche per le voci aventi il nome utente duplicato, ma i rimanenti controlli vengono ugualmente effettuati\&. Tutti gli altri errori non sono gravi e l\*(Aqutente \(`e invitato a eseguire il comando +The checks for correct number of fields and unique user name are fatal\&. If the entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line\&. If the user does not answer affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed\&. An entry with a duplicated user name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made\&. All other errors are warning and the user is encouraged to run the \fBusermod\fR -per correggerli\&. +command to correct the error\&. .PP -I comandi che operano sul file +The commands which operate on the /etc/passwd -non sono in grado di modificare voci corrotte o duplicate; in tali circostanze va usato +file are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries\&. \fBpwck\fR -per rimuovere la voce scorretta\&. +should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entry\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Le opzioni +The \fB\-r\fR -e +and \fB\-s\fR -non possono essere combinate\&. +options cannot be combined\&. .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBpwck\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: +.PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -203,54 +210,56 @@ Riporta solo gli errori\&. Gli avvisi che non richiedono azioni da parte dell\*( .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-read\-only\fR .RS 4 -Esegue il comando +Execute the \fBpwck\fR -in sola lettura\&. +command in read\-only mode\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sort\fR .RS 4 -Ordina gli elementi di +Sort entries in /etc/passwd -e +and /etc/shadow -per UID\&. +by UID\&. .RE .PP -Come impostazione predefinita, +By default, \fBpwck\fR -opera sui file +operates on the files /etc/passwd -e in -/etc/shadow\&. L\*(Aqutente pu\(`o selezionare file alternativi con i parametri +and +/etc/shadow\&. The user may select alternate files with the \fIpasswd\fR -e -\fIshadow\fR\&. +and +\fIshadow\fR +parameters\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Il numero massimo di giorni che una password pu\(`o essere utilizzata\&. Se la password \(`e pi\(`u vecchia verr\(`a imposto il suo cambiamento\&. Se non specificato viene assunto \-1 (che disabilita questo controllo)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Il numero minimo di giorni tra due cambiamenti di password\&. Ogni tentativo di cambiare la password prima di questo periodo verr\(`a rifiutato\&. Se non specificato viene assunto \-1 (che disabilita questo controllo)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Il numero di giorni per i quali un utente va avvisato che la sua password sta per scadere\&. Se zero l\*(Aqutente viene avvisato solo alla scadenza\&. Un valore negativo indica che non si deve avvisare mai\&. Se non specificato allora non c\*(Aq\(`e nessun avviso\&. .RE @@ -272,43 +281,43 @@ Informazioni sicure sugli account utente\&. .RE .SH "VALORI RESTITUITI" .PP -Il comando +The \fBpwck\fR -restituisce i seguenti valori: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -successo +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -sintassi del comando errata +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -una o pi\(`u voci di password conengono errori +one or more bad password entries .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -impossibile aprire i file delle password +can\*(Aqt open password files .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -impossibile fare il lock dei file delle password +can\*(Aqt lock password files .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -impossibile aggiornare i file delle password +can\*(Aqt update password files .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -impossibile ordinare i file delle password +can\*(Aqt sort password files .RE .SH "VEDERE ANCHE" .PP diff --git a/man/it/man8/pwconv.8 b/man/it/man8/pwconv.8 index 0eb71aae..efc1c2ff 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/pwconv.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/pwconv.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: pwconv .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "PWCONV" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "PWCONV" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -40,81 +40,82 @@ pwconv, pwunconv, grpconv, grpunconv \- convertono a e da password e gruppi shad \fBgrpunconv\fR [\fIopzioni\fR] .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP +The \fBpwconv\fR -crea +command creates \fIshadow\fR -da +from \fIpasswd\fR -e da un eventuale preesistente +and an optionally existing \fIshadow\fR\&. .PP +The \fBpwunconv\fR -crea +command creates \fIpasswd\fR -da +from \fIpasswd\fR -e +and \fIshadow\fR -e poi cancella +and then removes \fIshadow\fR\&. .PP +The \fBgrpconv\fR -crea +command creates \fIgshadow\fR -da +from \fIgroup\fR -e da un eventuale preesistente +and an optionally existing \fIgshadow\fR\&. .PP +The \fBgrpunconv\fR -crea +command creates \fIgroup\fR -da +from \fIgroup\fR -e +and \fIgshadow\fR -e quindi rimuove +and then removes \fIgshadow\fR\&. .PP -Questi quattro programmi agiscono tutti sui file normali e oscurati (shadow) delle password e dei gruppi: +These four programs all operate on the normal and shadow password and group files: /etc/passwd, /etc/group, -/etc/shadow -e +/etc/shadow, and /etc/gshadow\&. .PP -Ciascun programma, prima della conversione, acquisisce i lock necessari\&. +Each program acquires the necessary locks before conversion\&. \fBpwconv\fR -e +and \fBgrpconv\fR -sono simili\&. Per prima cosa vengono rimosse le voci nel file shadow che non esistono nel file principale\&. Quindi vengono aggiornate le voci oscurate che non hanno \(Fox\(Fc come password nel file principale\&. Vengono aggiunte le eventuali voci oscurate mancanti\&. Infine, le password nel file principale vengono sostituite con \(Fox\(Fc\&. Questi programmi possono essere usati per le conversioni iniziali cos\(`i come per aggiornare il file oscurato se il file principale viene modificato a mano\&. +are similar\&. First, entries in the shadowed file which don\*(Aqt exist in the main file are removed\&. Then, shadowed entries which don\*(Aqt have `x\*(Aq as the password in the main file are updated\&. Any missing shadowed entries are added\&. Finally, passwords in the main file are replaced with `x\*(Aq\&. These programs can be used for initial conversion as well to update the shadowed file if the main file is edited by hand\&. .PP \fBpwconv\fR -user\(`a i valori +will use the values of \fIPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR, -\fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR -e +\fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR, and \fIPASS_WARN_AGE\fR -da +from /etc/login\&.defs -al momento dell\*(Aqaggiunta di nuove voci a +when adding new entries to /etc/shadow\&. .PP -Analogamente, +Likewise \fBpwunconv\fR -e +and \fBgrpunconv\fR -sono simili\&. Le password nel file principale vengono aggiornate dal file shadow\&. Voci che esistono nel file principale ma non nel file shadow vengono lasciate stare\&. Infine, viene rimosso il file shadow\&. Alcune informazioni sull\*(Aqinvecchiamento delle password vengono perse da -\fBpwunconv\fR\&. Convertir\(`a solo quello che potr\(`a\&. +are similar\&. Passwords in the main file are updated from the shadowed file\&. Entries which exist in the main file but not in the shadowed file are left alone\&. Finally, the shadowed file is removed\&. Some password aging information is lost by +\fBpwunconv\fR\&. It will convert what it can\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Le opzioni che si possono applicare ai comandi +The options which apply to the \fBpwconv\fR, \fBpwunconv\fR, -\fBgrpconv\fR -e +\fBgrpconv\fR, and \fBgrpunconv\fR -sono: +commands are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -123,32 +124,33 @@ Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory\&. .RE .SH "ERRORI" .PP -Errori nel file delle password o dei gruppi (come elementi non validi o duplicati) possono causare dei cicli infiniti in questi programmi, oppure degli errori non prevedibili\&. Eseguire +Errors in the password or group files (such as invalid or duplicate entries) may cause these programs to loop forever or fail in other strange ways\&. Please run \fBpwck\fR -e +and \fBgrpck\fR -per correggere ogni eventuale errore prima di convertire da o verso password o gruppi shadow\&. +to correct any such errors before converting to or from shadow passwords or groups\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variable in /etc/login\&.defs -influenzano il comportamento di +changes the behavior of \fBgrpconv\fR -e +and \fBgrpunconv\fR: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (numero) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Numero massimo di membri per gruppo\&. Quando viene raggiunto il massimo, viene creata una nuova riga per il gruppo nel file +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(con lo stesso nome, stessa password e stesso GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Il valore predefinito \(`e 0, che non pone nessun limite al numero di membri per gruppo\&. .sp @@ -159,22 +161,22 @@ Se si deve impostare questo limite, si pu\(`o usare 25\&. Nota: la divisione dei gruppi potrebbe non essere supportata da ogni strumento (anche all\*(Aqinterno del pacchetto Shadow)\&. Non si dovrebbe utilizzare questa variabile a meno di esserci forzati\&. .RE .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -influenzano il comportamento di +change the behavior of \fBpwconv\fR: .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Il numero massimo di giorni che una password pu\(`o essere utilizzata\&. Se la password \(`e pi\(`u vecchia verr\(`a imposto il suo cambiamento\&. Se non specificato viene assunto \-1 (che disabilita questo controllo)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Il numero minimo di giorni tra due cambiamenti di password\&. Ogni tentativo di cambiare la password prima di questo periodo verr\(`a rifiutato\&. Se non specificato viene assunto \-1 (che disabilita questo controllo)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Il numero di giorni per i quali un utente va avvisato che la sua password sta per scadere\&. Se zero l\*(Aqutente viene avvisato solo alla scadenza\&. Un valore negativo indica che non si deve avvisare mai\&. Se non specificato allora non c\*(Aq\(`e nessun avviso\&. .RE diff --git a/man/it/man8/sulogin.8 b/man/it/man8/sulogin.8 index 366ac688..858651e5 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/sulogin.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/sulogin.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: sulogin .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "SULOGIN" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "SULOGIN" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ has an entry for a single user login\&. .PP The user is prompted .PP -Type control\-d to proceed with normal startup, (or give root password for system maintenance): +Type control\-d to proceed with normal startup, +(or give root password for system maintenance): .PP Input and output will be performed with the standard file descriptors unless the optional device name argument is provided\&. .PP @@ -75,26 +76,26 @@ should execute the sulogin command in single user mode\&. As complete an environment as possible is created\&. However, various devices may be unmounted or uninitialized and many of the user commands may be unavailable or nonfunctional as a result\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (testo) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Se impostato viene utilizzato per definire il valore della variabile d\*(Aqambiente HZ al login dell\*(Aqutente\&. Il valore deve essere preceduto da -\fIHZ=\fR\&. Un valore comune per Linux \(`e +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (testo) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Se impostato viene usato per definire la variabile d\*(Aqambiente TZ al login dell\*(Aqutente\&. Il valore pu\(`o essere il nome di una \(Fotimezone\(Fc preceduta da +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -(ad esempio -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), o il percorso completo di un file che contenga la specifica della \(Fotimezone\(Fc (ad esempio +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Se viene specificato il percorso completo di un file che per\(`o non esiste o non pu\(`o essere letto, allora viene utilizzato il valore predefinito +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use \fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .SH "FILE" diff --git a/man/it/man8/useradd.8 b/man/it/man8/useradd.8 index f0feebc3..46d2de17 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/useradd.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/useradd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: useradd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "USERADD" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "USERADD" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -38,63 +38,68 @@ useradd \- crea un nuovo utente o aggiorna le informazioni predefinite per i nuo \fBuseradd\fR \-D [\fIopzioni\fR] .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Quando viene invocato senza l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-D\fR, il comando +When invoked without the +\fB\-D\fR +option, the \fBuseradd\fR -crea un nuovo account di utente usando i valori specificati sulla riga di comando ed i valori predefiniti dal sistema\&. A seconda dalle opzioni nella riga di comando, il comando +command creates a new user account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system\&. Depending on command line options, the \fBuseradd\fR -aggiorner\(`a i file di sistema che lo necessitano, creer\(`a la home directory, e l\(`i verranno copiati i file iniziali\&. +command will update system files and may also create the new user\*(Aqs home directory and copy initial files\&. .PP -Normalmente viene anche creato un gruppo per il nuovo utente (vedere +By default, a group will also be created for the new user (see \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-N\fR, -\fB\-U\fR -e -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR)\&." +\fB\-U\fR, and +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR)\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBuseradd\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: +.PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE .PP \fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIBASE_DIR\fR .RS 4 -La directory base predefinita, nel caso che l\*(Aqopzione +The default base directory for the system if \fB\-d\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR -non sia specificata\&. +is not specified\&. \fIBASE_DIR\fR -viene concatenata con il nome dell\*(Aqaccount per definire la directory home\&. Se l\*(Aqopzione +is concatenated with the account name to define the home directory\&. If the \fB\-m\fR -non \(`e usata, +option is not used, \fIBASE_DIR\fR -deve esistere\&. +must exist\&. .sp -Se questa opzione non \(`e specificata, +If this option is not specified, \fBuseradd\fR -user\(`a la directory base specificata dalla variabile +will use the base directory specified by the \fBHOME\fR -in -/etc/default/useradd -oppure la costante -/home\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or +/home +by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENTO\fR +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENT\fR .RS 4 Un testo qualsiasi\&. Di norma \(`e una breve descrizione del login, ed \(`e attualmente usato come nome completo dell\*(Aqutente\&. .RE .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\-dir\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Il nuovo utente verr\(`a creato usando +The new user will be created using \fIHOME_DIR\fR -come valore per la directory di login dell\*(Aqutente\&. Il comportamento predefinito \(`e di aggiungere il nome +as the value for the user\*(Aqs login directory\&. The default is to append the \fILOGIN\fR -in fondo a +name to \fIBASE_DIR\fR -ed usare quello come nome di directory di login\&. Non \(`e necessario che la directory +and use that as the login directory name\&. The directory \fIHOME_DIR\fR -esista, ma se non ci fosse non verr\(`a creata\&. +does not have to exist but will not be created if it is missing\&. .RE .PP \fB\-D\fR, \fB\-\-defaults\fR @@ -102,61 +107,59 @@ esista, ma se non ci fosse non verr\(`a creata\&. Vedere oltre, la sezione \(FoCambiare i valori predefiniti\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIDATA_SCADENZA\fR +\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 -La data in cui l\*(Aqaccount dell\*(Aqutente verr\(`a disabilitato\&. La data \(`e specificata nel formato -\fIAAAA\-MM\-GG\fR\&. +The date on which the user account will be disabled\&. The date is specified in the format +\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR\&. .sp -Se non specificato diversamente, +If not specified, \fBuseradd\fR -user\(`a la data di scadenza impostata con la variabile +will use the default expiry date specified by the \fBEXPIRE\fR -nel file -/etc/default/useradd -o un campo vuoto (nessuna scadenza)\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or an empty string (no expiry) by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINATTIVO\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 Il numero di giorni dopo la scadenza della password prima che l\*(Aqaccount venga permanentemente disabilitato\&. Un valore pari a 0 disabilita l\*(Aqaccount non appena la password \(`e scaduta, ed un valore pari a \-1 disabilita questa funzionalit\(`a\&. .sp -Il comportamento predefinito di +If not specified, \fBuseradd\fR -\(`e di usare il periodo di inattivit\(`a specificato dalla variabile +will use the default inactivity period specified by the \fBINACTIVE\fR -del file -/etc/default/useradd -oppure \-1 (con variabile assente)\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or \-1 by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGRUPPO\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR .RS 4 Il nome o numero del gruppo di connessione iniziale dell\*(Aqutente\&. Il nome del gruppo deve esistere\&. Un numero di gruppo deve riferirsi ad un gruppo gi\(`a esistente\&. .sp -Se non specificato, il comportamento di +If not specified, the behavior of \fBuseradd\fR -varier\(`a in base alla variabile +will depend on the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -del file -/etc/login\&.defs\&. Se questa variabile \(`e impostata a +variable in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. If this variable is set to \fIyes\fR -(o se \(`e stata usata l\*(Aqopzione +(or \fB\-U/\-\-user\-group\fR -nella riga di comando) verr\(`a creato un gruppo per l\*(Aqutente con lo stesso nome\&. Se la variabile \(`e impostata a +is specified on the command line), a group will be created for the user, with the same name as her loginname\&. If the variable is set to \fIno\fR -(o se \(`e stata usata l\*(Aqopzione +(or \fB\-N/\-\-no\-user\-group\fR -nella riga di comando) useradd imposter\(`a il gruppo primario dell\*(Aqutente in base a quello impostato nella variabile +is specified on the command line), useradd will set the primary group of the new user to the value specified by the \fBGROUP\fR -del file -/etc/default/useradd -o a 100 se non specificato\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or 100 by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGRUPPO1\fR[\fI,GRUPPO2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GRUPPON\fR]]] +\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGROUP1\fR[\fI,GROUP2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GROUPN\fR]]] .RS 4 -Una lista di gruppi supplementari di cui l\*(Aqutente \(`e altres\(`i membro\&. Ciascun gruppo \(`e separato dal successivo da una virgola, senza spazi bianchi intermedi\&. I gruppi sono soggetti alle stesse restrizioni del gruppo dato con l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-g\fR\&. Il comportamento predefinito \(`e che l\*(Aqutente appartenga solo al gruppo iniziale\&. +A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of\&. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace\&. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the +\fB\-g\fR +option\&. The default is for the user to belong only to the initial group\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -166,25 +169,25 @@ Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .PP \fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-skel\fR\ \&\fISKEL_DIR\fR .RS 4 -La directory \(Foskeleton\(Fc che contiene file e directory da copiare nella directory home dell\*(Aqutente quando viene creata da +The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in the user\*(Aqs home directory, when the home directory is created by \fBuseradd\fR\&. .sp -Questa opzione \(`e valida solo se anche l\*(Aqopzione +This option is only valid if the \fB\-m\fR -(o -\fB\-\-create\-home\fR) \(`e stata specificata\&. +(or +\fB\-\-create\-home\fR) option is specified\&. .sp -Se questa opzione non \(`e impostata, la directory \(Foskeleton\(Fc \(`e definita dalla variabile +If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the \fBSKEL\fR -nel file +variable in /etc/default/useradd -o, altrimenti, vale +or, by default, /etc/skel\&. .sp Se possibile vengono copiate le ACL e gli attributi estesi\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIKEY\fR=\fIVALUE\fR\&. +\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIKEY\fR=\fIVALUE\fR .RS 4 Overrides /etc/login\&.defs @@ -212,38 +215,39 @@ By default, the user\*(Aqs entries in the lastlog and faillog databases are rese .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-create\-home\fR .RS 4 -Crea la directory home dell\*(Aqutente nel caso in cui non esista\&. I file e directory contenuti nella directory \(Foskeleton\(Fc (che pu\(`o essere definita con l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-k\fR) vengono copiati nella directory home\&. +Create the user\*(Aqs home directory if it does not exist\&. The files and directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with the +\fB\-k\fR +option) will be copied to the home directory\&. .sp -Se questa opzione non viene utilizzata e se non \(`e attiva la voce -\fBCREATE_HOME\fR, la directory non viene creata\&. +By default, if this option is not specified and +\fBCREATE_HOME\fR +is not enabled, no home directories are created\&. .RE .PP \fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-no\-create\-home\fR .RS 4 -Non crea la directory home dell\*(Aqutente nonostante la configurazione di sistema in +Do no create the user\*(Aqs home directory, even if the system wide setting from /etc/login\&.defs -(\fBCREATE_HOME\fR) sia impostata a +(\fBCREATE_HOME\fR) is set to \fIyes\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-N\fR, \fB\-\-no\-user\-group\fR .RS 4 -Non crea un gruppo con lo stesso nome dell\*(Aqutente, ma aggiunge l\*(Aqutente al gruppo specificato con l\*(Aqopzione +Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to the group specified by the \fB\-g\fR -o tramite la variabile +option or by the \fBGROUP\fR -nel file +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .sp -Il comportamento predefinito (se le opzioni +The default behavior (if the \fB\-g\fR, -\fB\-N\fR -e +\fB\-N\fR, and \fB\-U\fR -non sono specificate) \(`e definito dalla variabile +options are not specified) is defined by the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -nel file +variable in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP @@ -251,17 +255,18 @@ nel file .RS 4 Permette la creazione di un utente con un UID duplicato (non unico)\&. .sp -Questa opzione \(`e valida solo congiuntamente all\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-u\fR\&. +This option is only valid in combination with the +\fB\-u\fR +option\&. .RE .PP \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -La password cifrata, come restituita da -\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. Il comportamento predefinito \(`e di disabilitare la password\&. +The encrypted password, as returned by +\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. The default is to disable the password\&. .sp -\fBNota:\fR -questa opzione non \(`e consigliata perch\('e la password (o password cifrata) sar\(`a visibile agli utenti che elencano i processi\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Ci si deve accertare che la password rispetti le norme delle password del sistema\&. .RE @@ -270,15 +275,15 @@ Ci si deve accertare che la password rispetti le norme delle password del sistem .RS 4 Crea un account di sistema\&. .sp -Gli utenti di sistema vengono creati senza le informazioni sulla scadenza in -/etc/shadow -e con l\*(AqID numerico scelto nell\*(Aqintervallo -\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR, definito nel file -/etc/login\&.defs, anzich\('e +System users will be created with no aging information in +/etc/shadow, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the +\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR +range, defined in +/etc/login\&.defs, instead of \fBUID_MIN\fR\-\fBUID_MAX\fR -(e le loro controparti +(and their \fBGID\fR -per la creazione dei gruppi)\&. +counterparts for the creation of groups)\&. .sp Note that \fBuseradd\fR @@ -291,10 +296,11 @@ options if you want a home directory for a system account to be created\&. .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -308,90 +314,92 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR .RS 4 -Il nome della shell di login dell\*(Aqutente\&. Il comportamento predefinito \(`e di lasciare vuoto questo campo, che fa s\(`i che il sistema selezioni la shell di connessione predefinita tramite la variabile +The name of the user\*(Aqs login shell\&. The default is to leave this field blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell specified by the \fBSHELL\fR -in -/etc/default/useradd, oppure un testo vuoto\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or an empty string by default\&. .RE .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-uid\fR\ \&\fIUID\fR .RS 4 -Il valore numerico dell\*(Aqidentificatore (ID) dell\*(Aqutente\&. Questo valore deve essere univoco, a meno che non venga usata l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-o\fR\&. Il valore non deve essere negativo\&. La scelta predefinita \(`e quella di usare il minimo valore di ID maggiore o eguale a +The numerical value of the user\*(Aqs ID\&. This value must be unique, unless the +\fB\-o\fR +option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to \fBUID_MIN\fR -e maggiore a qualunque altro utente\&. +and greater than every other user\&. .sp -Vedere anche la descrizione dell\*(Aqopzione +See also the \fB\-r\fR -e +option and the \fBUID_MAX\fR +description\&. .RE .PP \fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-user\-group\fR .RS 4 Crea un gruppo con lo stesso nome dell\*(Aqutente e aggiunge l\*(Aqutente al gruppo stesso\&. .sp -Il comportamento predefinito (se le opzioni +The default behavior (if the \fB\-g\fR, -\fB\-N\fR -e +\fB\-N\fR, and \fB\-U\fR -non sono specificate) \(`e definito dalla variabile +options are not specified) is defined by the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -nel file +variable in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR\ \&\fIUTENTESE\fR +\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR\ \&\fISEUSER\fR .RS 4 L\*(Aqutente SELinux per questo login utente\&. Lasciando questo campo vuoto si fa in modo che il sistema selezioni automaticamente l\*(Aqutente SELinux\&. .RE .SS "Cambiare i valori predefiniti" .PP -Quando invocato con la sola opzione -\fB\-D\fR, +When invoked with only the +\fB\-D\fR +option, \fBuseradd\fR -mostrer\(`a i valori predefiniti correnti\&. Quando invocato con l\*(Aqopzione +will display the current default values\&. When invoked with \fB\-D\fR -e altre opzioni, +plus other options, \fBuseradd\fR -aggiorner\(`a i valori predefiniti per le opzioni specificate\&. Le opzioni valide sono: +will update the default values for the specified options\&. Valid default\-changing options are: .PP \fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIBASE_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Il prefisso del percorso per la directory home del nuovo utente\&. Il nome dell\*(Aqutente verr\(`a aggiunto alla fine di +The path prefix for a new user\*(Aqs home directory\&. The user\*(Aqs name will be affixed to the end of \fIBASE_DIR\fR -per creare il nome della nuova directory home, a meno che non venga usata l\*(Aqopzione +to form the new user\*(Aqs home directory name, if the \fB\-d\fR -quando si crea un nuovo account\&. +option is not used when creating a new account\&. .sp -Questa opzione imposta la variabile +This option sets the \fBHOME\fR -del file +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIDATA_SCADENZA\fR +\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 La data in cui l\*(Aqaccount dell\*(Aqutente verr\(`a disabilitato\&. .sp -Questa opzione imposta la variabile +This option sets the \fBEXPIRE\fR -del file +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINATTIVO\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 Il numero di giorni dopo la scadenza di una password prima che l\*(Aqaccount venga disabilitato\&. .sp -Questa opzione imposta la variabile +This option sets the \fBINACTIVE\fR -del file +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGRUPPO\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR .RS 4 The group name or ID for a new user\*(Aqs initial group (when the \fB\-N/\-\-no\-user\-group\fR @@ -402,9 +410,9 @@ variable is set to in /etc/login\&.defs)\&. The named group must exist, and a numerical group ID must have an existing entry\&. .sp -Questa opzione imposta la variabile +This option sets the \fBGROUP\fR -nel file +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP @@ -412,54 +420,53 @@ nel file .RS 4 Il nome della shell di login per il nuovo utente\&. .sp -Questa opzione imposta la variabile +This option sets the \fBSHELL\fR -del file +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .SH "NOTE" .PP -L\*(Aqamministratore di sistema \(`e responsabile del posizionamento dei file utente predefiniti nella directory +The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files in the /etc/skel/ -(o qualsiasi altra directory impostata in +directory (or any other skeleton directory specified in /etc/default/useradd -o nella riga di comando)\&. +or on the command line)\&. .SH "AVVISI/CAVEAT" .PP Non \(`e possibile aggiungere un utente ad un gruppo NIS o LDAP\&. Questo deve essere fatto sul server corrispondente\&. .PP -Analogamente, se il nome utente esiste gi\(`a in un database esterno come NIS o LDAP, +Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such as NIS or LDAP, \fBuseradd\fR -bloccher\(`a la creazione dell\*(Aqaccount\&. +will deny the user account creation request\&. .PP I nomi utente devono iniziare con una lettera minuscola o un underscore, seguiti da lettere minuscole, cifre numeriche, underscore o trattini\&. Possono terminare con il simbolo del dollaro\&. In termini di espressioni regolari: [a\-z_][a\-z0\-9_\-]*[$]? .PP I nomi utente non possono eccedere i 32 caratteri di lunghezza\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCREATE_HOME\fR (booleano) +\fBCREATE_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Indica se per i nuovi utenti va creata la directory home\&. .sp Questa impostazione non viene applicata agli utenti di sistema e pu\(`o essere modificata sulla riga di comando\&. .RE .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (numerico), \fBGID_MIN\fR (numerico) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Intervallo di ID di gruppo per la creazione di gruppi normali tramite +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -o +\fBgroupadd\fR, or \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Il valore predefinito per +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -(rispettivamente -\fBGID_MAX\fR) \(`e 1000 (rispettivmente 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP \fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number) @@ -471,39 +478,38 @@ No option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing lastlog entries\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (testo) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 La directory di spool per la posta\&. Questa \(`e necessaria per manipolare la casella di posta quando il corrispondente account utente viene modificato o cancellato\&. Se non \(`e specificata viene utilizzato un valore impostato al momento della compilazione\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Imposta la posizione delle caselle di posta degli utenti relative alla loro directory home\&. .RE .PP -Le variabili +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -e +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -vengono utilizzate da +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -e +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -per creare, spostare e cancellare le caselle di posta dell\*(Aqutente\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Se +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -\(`e impostata a -\fIyes\fR -allora sono anche utilizzate per impostare la variabile d\*(Aqambiente -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (numero) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Numero massimo di membri per gruppo\&. Quando viene raggiunto il massimo, viene creata una nuova riga per il gruppo nel file +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(con lo stesso nome, stessa password e stesso GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Il valore predefinito \(`e 0, che non pone nessun limite al numero di membri per gruppo\&. .sp @@ -514,17 +520,17 @@ Se si deve impostare questo limite, si pu\(`o usare 25\&. Nota: la divisione dei gruppi potrebbe non essere supportata da ogni strumento (anche all\*(Aqinterno del pacchetto Shadow)\&. Non si dovrebbe utilizzare questa variabile a meno di esserci forzati\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Il numero massimo di giorni che una password pu\(`o essere utilizzata\&. Se la password \(`e pi\(`u vecchia verr\(`a imposto il suo cambiamento\&. Se non specificato viene assunto \-1 (che disabilita questo controllo)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Il numero minimo di giorni tra due cambiamenti di password\&. Ogni tentativo di cambiare la password prima di questo periodo verr\(`a rifiutato\&. Se non specificato viene assunto \-1 (che disabilita questo controllo)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (numerico) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Il numero di giorni per i quali un utente va avvisato che la sua password sta per scadere\&. Se zero l\*(Aqutente viene avvisato solo alla scadenza\&. Un valore negativo indica che non si deve avvisare mai\&. Se non specificato allora non c\*(Aq\(`e nessun avviso\&. .RE @@ -575,77 +581,76 @@ The default values for are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (numerico), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (numerico) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Intervallo di ID di gruppo utilizzato per la creazione di un gruppo di sistema da +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -o +\fBgroupadd\fR, or \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Il valore predefinito per +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -(rispettivamente -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) \(`e 101 (rispettivamente +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (numerico), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (numerico) +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Intervallo di ID utente per la creazione degli utenti di sistema con +Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by \fBuseradd\fR -o +or \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Il valore predefinito per +The default value for \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -(rispettivamente -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) \(`e 101 (rispettivamente +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUID_MAX\fR (numerico), \fBUID_MIN\fR (numerico) +\fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Intervallo di ID utente da utilizzare nella creazione degli utenti normali tramite +Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by \fBuseradd\fR -o +or \fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Il valore predefinito per +The default value for \fBUID_MIN\fR -(rispettivamente -\fBUID_MAX\fR) \(`e 1000 (rispettivamente 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (numerico) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 La maschera di permessi alla creazione dei file \(`e inizializzata con questo valore\&. Se non specificato la maschera viene impostata a 022\&. .sp \fBuseradd\fR -e +and \fBnewusers\fR -usano questa maschera per impostare i permessi della directory home che creano\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Viene anche utilizzata da +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -per definire la maschera iniziale dell\*(Aqutente\&. Notare che questa maschera pu\(`o essere modificata dalla riga GECOS dell\*(Aqutente (se +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -\(`e impostato) o specificando un limite con l\*(Aqidentificativo +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -in +identifier in \fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita l\*(Aqimpostazione dei bit di gruppo di umask in modo che siano gli stessi dei bit del proprietario (esempio: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) per utenti non root a condizione che uid e gid siano identici e che il nome utente sia lo stesso del gruppo primario\&. .sp -Se impostato a +If set to \fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -canceller\(`a il gruppo dell\*(Aqutente se non contiene altri membri, e +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -creer\(`a automaticamente un gruppo con lo stesso nome dell\*(Aqutente\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "FILE" .PP @@ -695,9 +700,60 @@ Configurazione del pacchetto password shadow .RE .SH "VALORI RESTITUITI" .PP -Il comando +The \fBuseradd\fR -restituisce i seguenti valori: +command exits with the following values: +.PP +\fI0\fR +.RS 4 +success +.RE +.PP +\fI1\fR +.RS 4 +can\*(Aqt update password file +.RE +.PP +\fI2\fR +.RS 4 +invalid command syntax +.RE +.PP +\fI3\fR +.RS 4 +invalid argument to option +.RE +.PP +\fI4\fR +.RS 4 +UID already in use (and no +\fB\-o\fR) +.RE +.PP +\fI6\fR +.RS 4 +specified group doesn\*(Aqt exist +.RE +.PP +\fI9\fR +.RS 4 +username already in use +.RE +.PP +\fI10\fR +.RS 4 +can\*(Aqt update group file +.RE +.PP +\fI12\fR +.RS 4 +can\*(Aqt create home directory +.RE +.PP +\fI14\fR +.RS 4 +can\*(Aqt update SELinux user mapping +.RE .SH "VEDERE ANCHE" .PP \fBchfn\fR(1), diff --git a/man/it/man8/userdel.8 b/man/it/man8/userdel.8 index d75f8640..cda757ed 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/userdel.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/userdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: userdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "USERDEL" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "USERDEL" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,30 +34,30 @@ userdel \- rimuove l\*(Aqaccount di un utente ed i file relativi \fBuserdel\fR [opzioni] \fILOGIN\fR .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il comando +The \fBuserdel\fR -modifica i file di account del sistema, rimuovendo tutte le voci che si riferiscono al nome utente -\fILOGIN\fR\&. L\*(Aqutente indicato deve esistere\&. +command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to the user name +\fILOGIN\fR\&. The named user must exist\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBuserdel\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR .RS 4 -Questa opzione forza la cancellazione di un account utente anche se l\*(Aqutente \(`e ancora collegato al sistema\&. Inoltre forza +This option forces the removal of the user account, even if the user is still logged in\&. It also forces \fBuserdel\fR -a rimuovere la directory home dell\*(Aqutente e la casella di posta anche se un altro utente usa la stessa directory home o se la casella di posta non \(`e di propriet\(`a dell\*(Aqutente specificato\&. Se +to remove the user\*(Aqs home directory and mail spool, even if another user uses the same home directory or if the mail spool is not owned by the specified user\&. If \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -\(`e impostato a +is defined to \fIyes\fR in /etc/login\&.defs -e se esiste un gruppo con lo stesso nome dell\*(Aqutente cancellato, allora il gruppo stesso viene cancellato anche se risulta il gruppo primario di un altro utente\&. +and if a group exists with the same name as the deleted user, then this group will be removed, even if it is still the primary group of another user\&. .sp -\fINota:\fR -questa opzione \(`e pericolosa e pu\(`o lasciare il sistema in uno stato incoerente\&. +\fINote:\fR +This option is dangerous and may leave your system in an inconsistent state\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -69,18 +69,20 @@ Mostra un messaggio di aiuto ed esce\&. .RS 4 I file nella home directory dell\*(Aqutente verranno rimossi insieme alla home directory stessa e alla casella di posta dell\*(Aqutente\&. I file collocati in altri file system dovranno essere cercati e rimossi manualmente\&. .sp -La directory di spool per la posta \(`e definita dalla variabile +The mail spool is defined by the \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -nel file -login\&.defs\&. +variable in the +login\&.defs +file\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -98,43 +100,42 @@ Rimuove tutti gli utenti SELinux assegnati al login utente\&. .RE .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (testo) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 La directory di spool per la posta\&. Questa \(`e necessaria per manipolare la casella di posta quando il corrispondente account utente viene modificato o cancellato\&. Se non \(`e specificata viene utilizzato un valore impostato al momento della compilazione\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Imposta la posizione delle caselle di posta degli utenti relative alla loro directory home\&. .RE .PP -Le variabili +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -e +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -vengono utilizzate da +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -e +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -per creare, spostare e cancellare le caselle di posta dell\*(Aqutente\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Se +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -\(`e impostata a -\fIyes\fR -allora sono anche utilizzate per impostare la variabile d\*(Aqambiente -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (numero) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Numero massimo di membri per gruppo\&. Quando viene raggiunto il massimo, viene creata una nuova riga per il gruppo nel file +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(con lo stesso nome, stessa password e stesso GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Il valore predefinito \(`e 0, che non pone nessun limite al numero di membri per gruppo\&. .sp @@ -145,13 +146,13 @@ Se si deve impostare questo limite, si pu\(`o usare 25\&. Nota: la divisione dei gruppi potrebbe non essere supportata da ogni strumento (anche all\*(Aqinterno del pacchetto Shadow)\&. Non si dovrebbe utilizzare questa variabile a meno di esserci forzati\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (testo) +\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (string) .RS 4 Se definito, questo comando viene eseguito quando si cancella un utente\&. Dovrebbe rimuovere tutti i compiti di stampa/cron/at di propriet\(`a dell\*(Aqutente da cancellare (passato come primo argomento)\&. .sp Il codice d\*(Aquscita restituito dallo script non \(`e preso in considerazione\&. .sp -Ecco uno script di esempio che rimuove i job dell\*(Aqutente, sia di cron che at che di stampa: +Here is an example script, which removes the user\*(Aqs cron, at and print jobs: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -159,43 +160,44 @@ Ecco uno script di esempio che rimuove i job dell\*(Aqutente, sia di cron che at .nf #! /bin/sh -# Verifica la presenza dell\*(Aqargomento obbligatorio +# Check for the required argument\&. if [ $# != 1 ]; then - echo "Uso: $0 username" - exit 1 + echo "Usage: $0 username" + exit 1 fi -# Rimuove i compiti di cron +# Remove cron jobs\&. crontab \-r \-u $1 -# Rimuove i compiti di at -# Nota che verranno rimossi tutti i compiti di propriet\(`a dello stesso UID, -# anche se condiviso con un altro nome utente\&. +# Remove at jobs\&. +# Note that it will remove any jobs owned by the same UID, +# even if it was shared by a different username\&. AT_SPOOL_DIR=/var/spool/cron/atjobs find $AT_SPOOL_DIR \-name "[^\&.]*" \-type f \-user $1 \-delete \e; -# Rimuove le stampe +# Remove print jobs\&. lprm $1 -# Finito\&. +# All done\&. exit 0 - + .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} +.sp .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (booleano) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Abilita l\*(Aqimpostazione dei bit di gruppo di umask in modo che siano gli stessi dei bit del proprietario (esempio: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) per utenti non root a condizione che uid e gid siano identici e che il nome utente sia lo stesso del gruppo primario\&. .sp -Se impostato a +If set to \fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -canceller\(`a il gruppo dell\*(Aqutente se non contiene altri membri, e +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -creer\(`a automaticamente un gruppo con lo stesso nome dell\*(Aqutente\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "FILE" .PP @@ -230,67 +232,67 @@ Per user subordinate user IDs\&. .RE .SH "VALORI RESTITUITI" .PP -Il comando +The \fBuserdel\fR -esce con i seguenti valori: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -successo +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -impossibile aggiornare il file delle password +can\*(Aqt update password file .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -sintassi del comando errata +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -l\*(Aqutente specificato non esiste +specified user doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI8\fR .RS 4 -utente attualmente connesso al sistema +user currently logged in .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -non \(`e possibile aggiornare il file group +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .PP \fI12\fR .RS 4 -non \(`e possibile cancellare la directory home +can\*(Aqt remove home directory .RE .SH "AVVISI/CAVEAT" .PP \fBuserdel\fR -non permetter\(`a la cancellazione di un account se ci sono in esecuzione processi dell\*(Aqaccount stesso\&. In quel caso si deve prima terminare quei processi o bloccare la password o l\*(Aqaccount, e cancellare l\*(Aqaccount successivamente\&. L\*(Aqopzione +will not allow you to remove an account if there are running processes which belong to this account\&. In that case, you may have to kill those processes or lock the user\*(Aqs password or account and remove the account later\&. The \fB\-f\fR -forza la cancellazione dell\*(Aqaccount\&. +option can force the deletion of this account\&. .PP Occorre controllare manualmente tutti i file system per assicurarsi che non rimanga nessun file di propriet\(`a di questo utente\&. .PP Non \(`e possibile rimuovere nessun attributo NIS su un client NIS\&. Questo deve essere fatto sul server NIS\&. .PP -Se +If \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -\(`e impostato a +is defined to \fIyes\fR in /etc/login\&.defs, \fBuserdel\fR -canceller\(`a il gruppo che ha lo stesso nome dell\*(Aqutente\&. Per evitare incoerenze tra i database di passwd e group, +will delete the group with the same name as the user\&. To avoid inconsistencies in the passwd and group databases, \fBuserdel\fR -verificher\(`a che questo gruppo non sia utilizzato come gruppo primario da altri utenti, e nel caso emetter\(`a un avviso senza cancellare il gruppo\&. L\*(Aqopzione +will check that this group is not used as a primary group for another user, and will just warn without deleting the group otherwise\&. The \fB\-f\fR -forza la cancellazione di questo gruppo\&. +option can force the deletion of this group\&. .SH "VEDERE ANCHE" .PP \fBchfn\fR(1), diff --git a/man/it/man8/usermod.8 b/man/it/man8/usermod.8 index 27160fef..6c46c84e 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/usermod.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/usermod.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: usermod .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "USERMOD" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "USERMOD" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,62 +34,78 @@ usermod \- modifica l\*(Aqaccount di un utente \fBusermod\fR [\fIopzioni\fR] \fILOGIN\fR .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -Il comando +The \fBusermod\fR -modifica i file di account del sistema in modo da riflettere i cambiamenti che sono specificati sulla riga di comando\&. +command modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that are specified on the command line\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Il comando +The options which apply to the \fBusermod\fR -accetta le seguenti opzioni: +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-append\fR .RS 4 -Aggiunge l\*(Aqutente al/i gruppo/i supplmentare/i\&. Usare solo con l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-G\fR\&. +Add the user to the supplementary group(s)\&. Use only with the +\fB\-G\fR +option\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENTO\fR +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR .RS 4 -Il nuovo valore per il campo commento dell\*(Aqutente nel file password\&. Normalmente viene modificato usando l\*(Aqutilit\(`a -\fBchfn\fR(1)\&. +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENT\fR +.RS 4 +The new value of the user\*(Aqs password file comment field\&. It is normally modified using the +\fBchfn\fR(1) +utility\&. .RE .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR .RS 4 La nuova directory home dell\*(Aqutente\&. .sp -Se \(`e data l\*(Aqopzione +If the \fB\-m\fR -il contenuto della directory home corrente sar\(`a spostato nella nuova directory home, che viene creata se non esiste gi\(`a\&. +option is given, the contents of the current home directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it does not already exist\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIDATA_SCADENZA\fR +\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 -La data in cui l\*(Aqaccount dell\*(Aqutente verr\(`a disabilitato\&. La data \(`e specificata nel formato -\fIAAAA\-MM\-GG\fR\&. +The date on which the user account will be disabled\&. The date is specified in the format +\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR\&. .sp -Un argomento -\fIDATA_SCADENZA\fR -vuoto disabilita la scadenza dell\*(Aqaccount\&. +An empty +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +argument will disable the expiration of the account\&. .sp -Questa opzione richiede il file -/etc/shadow\&. Se non c\*(Aq\(`e ancora viene creata una voce nel file -/etc/shadow\&. +This option requires a +/etc/shadow +file\&. A +/etc/shadow +entry will be created if there were none\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINATTIVO\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 Il numero di giorni dopo la scadenza di una password prima che l\*(Aqaccount venga disabilitato permanentemente\&. .sp Il valore 0 disabilita l\*(Aqaccount non appena la password \(`e scaduta, e il valore \-1 disabilita questa funzionalit\(`a\&. .sp -Questa opzione richiede il file -/etc/shadow\&. Se non c\*(Aq\(`e ancora viene creata una voce nel file -/etc/shadow\&. +This option requires a +/etc/shadow +file\&. A +/etc/shadow +entry will be created if there were none\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGRUPPO\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR .RS 4 Il nome o numero del gruppo da assegnare alla connessione dell\*(Aqutente\&. Il gruppo deve esistere\&. .sp @@ -98,34 +114,35 @@ Tutti i file nella directory home dell\*(Aqutente che hanno come gruppo il prece Il gruppo dei file che si trovano all\*(Aqesterno della directory home dell\*(Aqutente andr\(`a modificato manualmente\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGRUPPO1\fR[\fI,GRUPPO2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GRUPPON\fR]]] +\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGROUP1\fR[\fI,GROUP2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GROUPN\fR]]] .RS 4 -Una lista di gruppi supplementari di cui l\*(Aqutente \(`e altres\(`i membro\&. Ciascun gruppo \(`e separato dal successivo da una virgola, senza spazi bianchi intermedi\&. I gruppi sono soggetti alle stesse restrizioni del gruppo dato con l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-g\fR\&. +A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of\&. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace\&. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the +\fB\-g\fR +option\&. .sp -Se l\*(Aqutente \(`e attualmente membro di un gruppo che non \(`e elencato, l\*(Aqutente verr\(`a rimosso dal gruppo\&. Questo comportamento pu\(`o essere cambiato con l\*(Aqopzione +If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user will be removed from the group\&. This behaviour can be changed via the \fB\-a\fR -che aggiunge all\*(Aqutente i gruppi supplementari dei quali fa attualmente parte\&. +option, which appends the user to the current supplementary group list\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-login\fR\ \&\fINUOVO_LOGIN\fR +\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-login\fR\ \&\fINEW_LOGIN\fR .RS 4 -Il nome dell\*(Aqutente verr\(`a cambiato da +The name of the user will be changed from \fILOGIN\fR -a -\fINUOVO_LOGIN\fR\&. Niente altro viene cambiato\&. In particolare, la directory home dell\*(Aqutente e la casella di posta dovrebbero probabilmente essere modificate manualmente in modo da riflettere il nuovo nome di login\&. +to +\fINEW_LOGIN\fR\&. Nothing else is changed\&. In particular, the user\*(Aqs home directory or mail spool should probably be renamed manually to reflect the new login name\&. .RE .PP \fB\-L\fR, \fB\-\-lock\fR .RS 4 -Blocca la password di un utente\&. Questo inserisce un \(Fo!\(Fc davanti alla password cifrata, disabilitandola\&. Non si pu\(`o utilizzare questa opzione con le opzioni +Lock a user\*(Aqs password\&. This puts a \*(Aq!\*(Aq in front of the encrypted password, effectively disabling the password\&. You can\*(Aqt use this option with \fB\-p\fR -e +or \fB\-U\fR\&. .sp -Nota: se si vuole bloccare l\*(Aqaccount (non solo l\*(Aqaccesso tramite password), si deve anche impostare -\fIDATA_SCADENZA\fR -a +Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +to \fI1\fR\&. .RE .PP @@ -133,39 +150,40 @@ a .RS 4 Sposta il contenuto della directory home di un utente nella nuova posizione\&. .sp -Questa opzione \(`e valida solo in combinazioone con l\*(Aqopzione +This option is only valid in combination with the \fB\-d\fR -(o -\fB\-\-home\fR)\&. +(or +\fB\-\-home\fR) option\&. .sp \fBusermod\fR -cercher\(`a di adattare la propriet\(`a dei file e di copiare i permessi, le ACL e gli attributi estesi, ma successive modifiche manuali potrebbe comunque essere necessarie\&. +will try to adapt the ownership of the files and to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be needed afterwards\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR .RS 4 -Quando \(`e usata con l\*(Aqopzione +When used with the \fB\-u\fR -questa opzione permette di modificare l\*(AqID utente in un valore non univoco\&. +option, this option allows to change the user ID to a non\-unique value\&. .RE .PP \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -La passwird cifrata, cos\(`i come viene restituita da +The encrypted password, as returned by \fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. .sp -\fBNota:\fR -questa opzione non \(`e consigliata perch\('e la password (o password cifrata) sar\(`a visibile agli utenti che elencano i processi\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Ci si deve accertare che la password rispetti le norme delle password del sistema\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -186,37 +204,36 @@ Il nome della nuova shell di login dell\*(Aqutente\&. Lasciando questo campo vuo .RS 4 Il nuovo valore numerico dell\*(AqID utente\&. .sp -Questo valore deve essere univoco, a meno che non sia utilizzata l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-o\fR\&. Il valore non pu\(`o essere negativo\&. +This value must be unique, unless the +\fB\-o\fR +option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. .sp La casella di posta dell\*(Aqutente e ogni altro file di propriet\(`a dell\*(Aqutente che si trovi all\*(Aqinterno della directory home avr\(`a l\*(AqID utente cambiato automaticamente\&. .sp La propriet\(`a dei file esterni alla directory home dell\*(Aqutente va corretta manualmente\&. .sp -Non vengono fatti controlli riguardo +No checks will be performed with regard to the \fBUID_MIN\fR, \fBUID_MAX\fR, -\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -o +\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR, or \fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR -dal file +from /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP \fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-unlock\fR .RS 4 -Sblocca la password di un utente\&. Questo rimuove il \(Fo!\(Fc davanti alla password cifrata\&. Non si pu\(`o usare questa opzione con l\*(Aqopzione +Unlock a user\*(Aqs password\&. This removes the \*(Aq!\*(Aq in front of the encrypted password\&. You can\*(Aqt use this option with \fB\-p\fR -o +or \fB\-L\fR\&. .sp -Nota: se si vuole sbloccare l\*(Aqaccount (non solo l\*(Aqaccesso con password) si deve anche impostare -\fIDATA_SCADENZA\fR -(per esempio a -\fI99999\fR -o al valore +Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +(for example to +\fI99999\fR, or to the \fBEXPIRE\fR -dal file +value from /etc/default/useradd)\&. .RE .PP @@ -280,15 +297,15 @@ No checks will be performed with regard to from /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR\ \&\fIUTENTESE\fR +\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR\ \&\fISEUSER\fR .RS 4 Il nuovo utente SELinux per il login dell\*(Aqutente\&. .sp -Un -\fIUTENTESE\fR -vuoto rimuover\(`a la mappatura per l\*(Aqutente SELinux da +A blank +\fISEUSER\fR +will remove the SELinux user mapping for user \fILOGIN\fR -(se presente)\&. +(if any)\&. .RE .SH "AVVISI/CAVEAT" .PP @@ -296,17 +313,18 @@ You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes when th \fBusermod\fR checks this on Linux\&. On other platforms it only uses utmp to check if the user is logged in\&. .PP -Si deve cambiare manualmente il proprietario di eventuali file +You must change the owner of any \fBcrontab\fR -e compiti -\fBat\fR\&. +files or +\fBat\fR +jobs manually\&. .PP Si devono apportare tutte le modifiche che riguardano NIS sul server NIS\&. .SH "CONFIGURAZIONE" .PP -Le seguenti variabili di configurazione in +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -cambiano il comportamento di questo strumento: +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number) .RS 4 @@ -317,39 +335,38 @@ No option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing lastlog entries\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (testo) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 La directory di spool per la posta\&. Questa \(`e necessaria per manipolare la casella di posta quando il corrispondente account utente viene modificato o cancellato\&. Se non \(`e specificata viene utilizzato un valore impostato al momento della compilazione\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (testo) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Imposta la posizione delle caselle di posta degli utenti relative alla loro directory home\&. .RE .PP -Le variabili +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -e +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -vengono utilizzate da +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -e +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -per creare, spostare e cancellare le caselle di posta dell\*(Aqutente\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Se +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -\(`e impostata a -\fIyes\fR -allora sono anche utilizzate per impostare la variabile d\*(Aqambiente -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (numero) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Numero massimo di membri per gruppo\&. Quando viene raggiunto il massimo, viene creata una nuova riga per il gruppo nel file +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(con lo stesso nome, stessa password e stesso GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Il valore predefinito \(`e 0, che non pone nessun limite al numero di membri per gruppo\&. .sp diff --git a/man/it/man8/vipw.8 b/man/it/man8/vipw.8 index 34f079b0..af9a62dc 100644 --- a/man/it/man8/vipw.8 +++ b/man/it/man8/vipw.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: vipw .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13/06/2019 +.\" Date: 01/12/2019 .\" Manual: Comandi per la gestione del sistema -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Italian .\" -.TH "VIPW" "8" "13/06/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Comandi per la gestione del si" +.TH "VIPW" "8" "01/12/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Comandi per la gestione del si" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -36,29 +36,29 @@ vipw, vigr \- modifica i file delle password, dei gruppi, delle password shadow \fBvigr\fR [\fIopzioni\fR] .SH "DESCRIZIONE" .PP -I comandi +The \fBvipw\fR -e +and \fBvigr\fR -permettono di modificare rispettivamente i file +commands edits the files /etc/passwd -e -/etc/group\&. Con l\*(Aqopzione -\fB\-s\fR, vengono aperte le versioni shadow di quei file, rispettivamente +and +/etc/group, respectively\&. With the +\fB\-s\fR +flag, they will edit the shadow versions of those files, /etc/shadow -e -/etc/gshadow\&. I programmi si occupano di impostare i lock necessari per evitare la corruzione dei file\&. Per determinare l\*(Aqeditor da usare, i programmi prima provano con la variabile d\*(Aqambiente -\fB$VISUAL\fR, poi con la variabile d\*(Aqambiente -\fB$EDITOR\fR -e infine con l\*(Aqeditor predefinito, +and +/etc/gshadow, respectively\&. The programs will set the appropriate locks to prevent file corruption\&. When looking for an editor, the programs will first try the environment variable +\fB$VISUAL\fR, then the environment variable +\fB$EDITOR\fR, and finally the default editor, \fBvi\fR(1)\&. .SH "OPZIONI" .PP -Le opzioni per i comandi +The options which apply to the \fBvipw\fR -e +and \fBvigr\fR -sono: +commands are: .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR .RS 4 @@ -82,10 +82,11 @@ Modalit\(`a silenziosa\&. .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Effettua le modifiche nella directory +Apply changes in the \fICHROOT_DIR\fR -e usa i file di configurazione dalla directory -\fICHROOT_DIR\fR\&. +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shadow\fR @@ -101,9 +102,9 @@ Editor da utilizzare\&. .PP \fBEDITOR\fR .RS 4 -Editor da utilizzare se +Editor to be used if \fBVISUAL\fR -non \(`e impostata\&. +is not set\&. .RE .SH "FILE" .PP @@ -130,6 +131,7 @@ Informazioni sicure sugli account utente\&. .PP \fBvi\fR(1), \fBgroup\fR(5), -\fBgshadow\fR(5), , +\fBgshadow\fR(5) +, \fBpasswd\fR(5), , -\fBshadow\fR(5) +\fBshadow\fR(5)\&. diff --git a/man/ja/Makefile.in b/man/ja/Makefile.in index a766218f..2d2ae854 100644 --- a/man/ja/Makefile.in +++ b/man/ja/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -178,6 +178,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -200,6 +201,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -245,6 +247,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -344,8 +347,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(top_builddir)/config.status: $(top_srcdir)/configure $(CONFIG_STATUS_DEPENDENCIES) @@ -498,7 +501,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ diff --git a/man/ko/Makefile.in b/man/ko/Makefile.in index 3ea6288e..7dba217e 100644 --- a/man/ko/Makefile.in +++ b/man/ko/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -176,6 +176,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -198,6 +199,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -243,6 +245,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -339,8 +342,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(top_builddir)/config.status: $(top_srcdir)/configure $(CONFIG_STATUS_DEPENDENCIES) @@ -493,7 +496,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ diff --git a/man/man1/chage.1 b/man/man1/chage.1 index 52d3e23b..afd9ad21 100644 --- a/man/man1/chage.1 +++ b/man/man1/chage.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chage .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "CHAGE" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "CHAGE" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -64,6 +64,11 @@ will remove an account expiration date\&. Display help message and exit\&. .RE .PP +\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-iso8601\fR +.RS 4 +When printing dates, use YYYY\-MM\-DD format\&. +.RE +.PP \fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked\&. The diff --git a/man/man1/chfn.1 b/man/man1/chfn.1 index bda8af78..74785f4f 100644 --- a/man/man1/chfn.1 +++ b/man/man1/chfn.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chfn .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "CHFN" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "CHFN" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man1/chsh.1 b/man/man1/chsh.1 index f6608966..1b75b9ec 100644 --- a/man/man1/chsh.1 +++ b/man/man1/chsh.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chsh .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "CHSH" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "CHSH" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man1/expiry.1 b/man/man1/expiry.1 index d10afc25..3a13328c 100644 --- a/man/man1/expiry.1 +++ b/man/man1/expiry.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: expiry .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man1/gpasswd.1 b/man/man1/gpasswd.1 index 48562d77..59f3ea2f 100644 --- a/man/man1/gpasswd.1 +++ b/man/man1/gpasswd.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: gpasswd .\" Author: Rafal Maszkowski .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "GPASSWD" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "GPASSWD" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man1/groups.1 b/man/man1/groups.1 index 23b6ae9a..1e4e66ac 100644 --- a/man/man1/groups.1 +++ b/man/man1/groups.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groups .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "GROUPS" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "GROUPS" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man1/id.1 b/man/man1/id.1 index 0a998963..c2b03001 100644 --- a/man/man1/id.1 +++ b/man/man1/id.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: id .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "ID" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "ID" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man1/login.1 b/man/man1/login.1 index 46c28bb8..0e6d5936 100644 --- a/man/man1/login.1 +++ b/man/man1/login.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "LOGIN" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "LOGIN" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man1/newgidmap.1 b/man/man1/newgidmap.1 index 14224cc2..3d9a4842 100644 --- a/man/man1/newgidmap.1 +++ b/man/man1/newgidmap.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newgidmap .\" Author: [FIXME: author] [see http://docbook.sf.net/el/author] .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "NEWGIDMAP" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "NEWGIDMAP" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man1/newgrp.1 b/man/man1/newgrp.1 index ea4c1615..f9f27411 100644 --- a/man/man1/newgrp.1 +++ b/man/man1/newgrp.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newgrp .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man1/newuidmap.1 b/man/man1/newuidmap.1 index c6f4cc38..211f2a94 100644 --- a/man/man1/newuidmap.1 +++ b/man/man1/newuidmap.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newuidmap .\" Author: [FIXME: author] [see http://docbook.sf.net/el/author] .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "NEWUIDMAP" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "NEWUIDMAP" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man1/passwd.1 b/man/man1/passwd.1 index e9757353..15abb4d8 100644 --- a/man/man1/passwd.1 +++ b/man/man1/passwd.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: passwd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "PASSWD" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "PASSWD" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man1/sg.1 b/man/man1/sg.1 index 2f83f8e5..1e906a8d 100644 --- a/man/man1/sg.1 +++ b/man/man1/sg.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: sg .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "SG" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "SG" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man1/su.1 b/man/man1/su.1 index c2632fb5..ef27b834 100644 --- a/man/man1/su.1 +++ b/man/man1/su.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: su .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: User Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "SU" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "User Commands" +.TH "SU" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "User Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man3/shadow.3 b/man/man3/shadow.3 index 5dd2a9f9..13065277 100644 --- a/man/man3/shadow.3 +++ b/man/man3/shadow.3 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: shadow .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Library Calls -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "SHADOW" "3" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Library Calls" +.TH "SHADOW" "3" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Library Calls" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man5/faillog.5 b/man/man5/faillog.5 index 69532a2b..a2019f7d 100644 --- a/man/man5/faillog.5 +++ b/man/man5/faillog.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: File Formats and Conversions -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "File Formats and Conversions" +.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "File Formats and Conversions" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man5/gshadow.5 b/man/man5/gshadow.5 index 5a8f6eb8..03fbb0f2 100644 --- a/man/man5/gshadow.5 +++ b/man/man5/gshadow.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: gshadow .\" Author: Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: File Formats and Conversions -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "File Formats and Conversions" +.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "File Formats and Conversions" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man5/limits.5 b/man/man5/limits.5 index e479c0b5..1c767b4f 100644 --- a/man/man5/limits.5 +++ b/man/man5/limits.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: limits .\" Author: Luca Berra .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: File Formats and Conversions -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "LIMITS" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "File Formats and Conversions" +.TH "LIMITS" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "File Formats and Conversions" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man5/login.access.5 b/man/man5/login.access.5 index 75c50e62..56694011 100644 --- a/man/man5/login.access.5 +++ b/man/man5/login.access.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login.access .\" Author: Marek Michałkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: File Formats and Conversions -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "LOGIN\&.ACCESS" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "File Formats and Conversions" +.TH "LOGIN\&.ACCESS" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "File Formats and Conversions" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man5/login.defs.5 b/man/man5/login.defs.5 index 2b045473..8903e6c7 100644 --- a/man/man5/login.defs.5 +++ b/man/man5/login.defs.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login.defs .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: File Formats and Conversions -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "LOGIN\&.DEFS" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "File Formats and Conversions" +.TH "LOGIN\&.DEFS" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "File Formats and Conversions" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man5/passwd.5 b/man/man5/passwd.5 index 17a4d067..724dd6f7 100644 --- a/man/man5/passwd.5 +++ b/man/man5/passwd.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: passwd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: File Formats and Conversions -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "PASSWD" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "File Formats and Conversions" +.TH "PASSWD" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "File Formats and Conversions" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -111,13 +111,7 @@ user home directory optional user command interpreter .RE .PP -The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the -/etc/passwd -file may decide not to permit -\fIany\fR -access at all if the -\fIpassword\fR -field is blank\&. If the +If the \fIpassword\fR field is a lower\-case \(lqx\(rq, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the @@ -126,10 +120,30 @@ file instead; there \fImust\fR be a corresponding line in the /etc/shadow -file, or else the user account is invalid\&. If the +file, or else the user account is invalid\&. +.PP +The encrypted +\fIpassword\fR +field may be empty, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the +/etc/passwd +file may decide not to permit +\fIany\fR +access at all if the +\fIpassword\fR +field is blank\&. +.PP +A +\fIpassword\fR +field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the \fIpassword\fR -field is any other string, then it will be treated as an encrypted password, as specified by -\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. +field before the password was locked\&. +.PP +Refer to +\fBcrypt\fR(3) +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. +.PP +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)\&. .PP The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as \fBfinger\fR(1)\&. diff --git a/man/man5/porttime.5 b/man/man5/porttime.5 index f2290b0c..21af03fc 100644 --- a/man/man5/porttime.5 +++ b/man/man5/porttime.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: porttime .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: File Formats and Conversions -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "File Formats and Conversions" +.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "File Formats and Conversions" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man5/shadow.5 b/man/man5/shadow.5 index c136469a..9544ce6e 100644 --- a/man/man5/shadow.5 +++ b/man/man5/shadow.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: shadow .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: File Formats and Conversions -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "SHADOW" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "File Formats and Conversions" +.TH "SHADOW" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "File Formats and Conversions" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -45,18 +45,18 @@ It must be a valid account name, which exist on the system\&. .PP \fBencrypted password\fR .RS 4 +This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the +/etc/shadow +file may decide not to permit any access at all if the password field is empty\&. +.sp +A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked\&. +.sp Refer to \fBcrypt\fR(3) for details on how this string is interpreted\&. .sp If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of \fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)\&. -.sp -This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the -/etc/shadow -file may decide not to permit any access at all if the password field is empty\&. -.sp -A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked\&. .RE .PP \fBdate of last password change\fR diff --git a/man/man5/suauth.5 b/man/man5/suauth.5 index cc57db9e..9baffdd0 100644 --- a/man/man5/suauth.5 +++ b/man/man5/suauth.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: suauth .\" Author: Marek Michałkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: File Formats and Conversions -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "SUAUTH" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "File Formats and Conversions" +.TH "SUAUTH" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "File Formats and Conversions" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man5/subgid.5 b/man/man5/subgid.5 index b0ce8b28..ebb51a48 100644 --- a/man/man5/subgid.5 +++ b/man/man5/subgid.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: subgid .\" Author: [FIXME: author] [see http://docbook.sf.net/el/author] .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: File Formats and Conversions -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "SUBGID" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "File Formats and Conversions" +.TH "SUBGID" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "File Formats and Conversions" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man5/subuid.5 b/man/man5/subuid.5 index 70d25ecb..7ff59ec9 100644 --- a/man/man5/subuid.5 +++ b/man/man5/subuid.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: subuid .\" Author: [FIXME: author] [see http://docbook.sf.net/el/author] .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: File Formats and Conversions -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "SUBUID" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "File Formats and Conversions" +.TH "SUBUID" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "File Formats and Conversions" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man8/chgpasswd.8 b/man/man8/chgpasswd.8 index 8dfb1f32..ab1a2cd3 100644 --- a/man/man8/chgpasswd.8 +++ b/man/man8/chgpasswd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chgpasswd .\" Author: Thomas Kłoczko <kloczek@pld.org.pl> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "CHGPASSWD" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "CHGPASSWD" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man8/chpasswd.8 b/man/man8/chpasswd.8 index e9d95b3d..4137d1ad 100644 --- a/man/man8/chpasswd.8 +++ b/man/man8/chpasswd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chpasswd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "CHPASSWD" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "CHPASSWD" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man8/faillog.8 b/man/man8/faillog.8 index 53f08537..d8819ecd 100644 --- a/man/man8/faillog.8 +++ b/man/man8/faillog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "FAILLOG" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "FAILLOG" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man8/groupadd.8 b/man/man8/groupadd.8 index 5a852cce..5d41ceec 100644 --- a/man/man8/groupadd.8 +++ b/man/man8/groupadd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupadd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man8/groupdel.8 b/man/man8/groupdel.8 index faa6d22d..b2a6d322 100644 --- a/man/man8/groupdel.8 +++ b/man/man8/groupdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man8/groupmems.8 b/man/man8/groupmems.8 index 9d704c0d..c02d2b72 100644 --- a/man/man8/groupmems.8 +++ b/man/man8/groupmems.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmems .\" Author: George Kraft, IV .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "GROUPMEMS" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "GROUPMEMS" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man8/groupmod.8 b/man/man8/groupmod.8 index 265532c8..0f030bb0 100644 --- a/man/man8/groupmod.8 +++ b/man/man8/groupmod.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmod .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "GROUPMOD" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "GROUPMOD" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man8/grpck.8 b/man/man8/grpck.8 index 8f9645e8..7882b9bc 100644 --- a/man/man8/grpck.8 +++ b/man/man8/grpck.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: grpck .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "GRPCK" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "GRPCK" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man8/lastlog.8 b/man/man8/lastlog.8 index 5f09634f..f087b44f 100644 --- a/man/man8/lastlog.8 +++ b/man/man8/lastlog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: lastlog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "LASTLOG" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "LASTLOG" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man8/logoutd.8 b/man/man8/logoutd.8 index a48af01c..0cdb7d59 100644 --- a/man/man8/logoutd.8 +++ b/man/man8/logoutd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: logoutd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man8/newusers.8 b/man/man8/newusers.8 index 5a768fef..56dc8ad3 100644 --- a/man/man8/newusers.8 +++ b/man/man8/newusers.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newusers .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "NEWUSERS" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "NEWUSERS" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -121,6 +121,11 @@ The options which apply to the \fBnewusers\fR command are: .PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR .RS 4 Use the specified method to encrypt the passwords\&. diff --git a/man/man8/nologin.8 b/man/man8/nologin.8 index 84e51b95..08b3fe49 100644 --- a/man/man8/nologin.8 +++ b/man/man8/nologin.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: nologin .\" Author: Nicolas François <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "NOLOGIN" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "NOLOGIN" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man8/pwck.8 b/man/man8/pwck.8 index 96ce3c1c..0021298b 100644 --- a/man/man8/pwck.8 +++ b/man/man8/pwck.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: pwck .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "PWCK" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "PWCK" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -193,6 +193,11 @@ The options which apply to the \fBpwck\fR command are: .PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 Display help message and exit\&. diff --git a/man/man8/pwconv.8 b/man/man8/pwconv.8 index 57d98b6e..d4c92dc5 100644 --- a/man/man8/pwconv.8 +++ b/man/man8/pwconv.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: pwconv .\" Author: Marek Michałkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "PWCONV" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "PWCONV" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man8/sulogin.8 b/man/man8/sulogin.8 index 517f9710..45d3c2e0 100644 --- a/man/man8/sulogin.8 +++ b/man/man8/sulogin.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: sulogin .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "SULOGIN" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "SULOGIN" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man8/useradd.8 b/man/man8/useradd.8 index 0dd3b381..1199e851 100644 --- a/man/man8/useradd.8 +++ b/man/man8/useradd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: useradd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "USERADD" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "USERADD" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -57,6 +57,11 @@ The options which apply to the \fBuseradd\fR command are: .PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP \fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIBASE_DIR\fR .RS 4 The default base directory for the system if diff --git a/man/man8/userdel.8 b/man/man8/userdel.8 index 53514cbe..a8aa2470 100644 --- a/man/man8/userdel.8 +++ b/man/man8/userdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: userdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "USERDEL" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "USERDEL" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/man8/usermod.8 b/man/man8/usermod.8 index 066c8650..3445136e 100644 --- a/man/man8/usermod.8 +++ b/man/man8/usermod.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: usermod .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "USERMOD" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "USERMOD" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -50,6 +50,16 @@ Add the user to the supplementary group(s)\&. Use only with the option\&. .RE .PP +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENT\fR .RS 4 The new value of the user\*(Aqs password file comment field\&. It is normally modified using the diff --git a/man/man8/vipw.8 b/man/man8/vipw.8 index 42d66b2e..b0e98414 100644 --- a/man/man8/vipw.8 +++ b/man/man8/vipw.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: vipw .\" Author: Marek Michałkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: System Management Commands -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: English .\" -.TH "VIPW" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "System Management Commands" +.TH "VIPW" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "System Management Commands" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/newusers.8.xml b/man/newusers.8.xml index ff6dc1c3..a1029a27 100644 --- a/man/newusers.8.xml +++ b/man/newusers.8.xml @@ -266,6 +266,18 @@ <para> The options which apply to the <command>newusers</command> command are: </para> + <variablelist remap='IP'> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <option>--badname</option> + </term> + <listitem> + <para> + Allow names that do not conform to standards. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> <variablelist remap='IP' condition="no_pam"> <varlistentry> <term><option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option></term> diff --git a/man/passwd.5.xml b/man/passwd.5.xml index 8625dfbd..7738d09a 100644 --- a/man/passwd.5.xml +++ b/man/passwd.5.xml @@ -98,25 +98,44 @@ </itemizedlist> <para> - The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password - is required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, - some applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file - may decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the - <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the - <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, - then the encrypted password is actually stored in the + If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is a lower-case + <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there <emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. - If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then - it will be treated as an encrypted password, as specified by - <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle> - <manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>. + </para> + <para> + The encrypted <emphasis>password</emphasis> field may be empty, + in which case no password is required to authenticate as the + specified login name. However, some applications which read the + <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may decide not to permit + <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the + <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. + </para> + + <para> + A <emphasis>password</emphasis> field which starts with an + exclamation mark means that the password is locked. The + remaining characters on the line represent the + <emphasis>password</emphasis> field before the password was + locked. </para> <para> + Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle> + <manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how + this string is interpreted. + </para> + <para> + If the password field contains some string that is not a valid + result of <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle> + <manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, + the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in + (but the user may log in the system by other means). + </para> + <para> The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as <citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>. diff --git a/man/pl/Makefile.in b/man/pl/Makefile.in index b52475b1..c9d408f3 100644 --- a/man/pl/Makefile.in +++ b/man/pl/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -202,6 +203,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -247,6 +249,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -333,7 +336,7 @@ LANG = $(notdir $(CURDIR)) @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@USE_SHA_CRYPT_TRUE@SHA_CRYPT_COND = sha_crypt @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_FALSE@SUBIDS_COND = no_subids @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_TRUE@SUBIDS_COND = subids -CLEANFILES = .xml2po.mo $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml +CLEANFILES = messages.mo login.defs.d $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml all: all-am .SUFFIXES: @@ -354,8 +357,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(srcdir)/../generate_translations.mak $(srcdir)/../generate_mans.mak $(am__empty): @@ -552,7 +555,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ @@ -713,8 +719,19 @@ uninstall-man: uninstall-man1 uninstall-man3 uninstall-man5 \ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ $(MAKE) -C .. config.xml @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ cp ../config.xml $@ -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml ../po/$(LANG).po -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ xml2po --expand-all-entities -l $(LANG) -p ../po/$(LANG).po -o $@ ../$@ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@messages.mo: ../po/$(LANG).po +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ msgfmt ../po/$(LANG).po -o messages.mo + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@login.defs.d: +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ ln -sf ../login.defs.d login.defs.d + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml messages.mo login.defs.d +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ if grep -q SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE $< ; then \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE -->/<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ else \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^\(<!DOCTYPE .*docbookx.dtd"\)>/\1 [<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;]>/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ fi +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ itstool -d -l $(LANG) -m messages.mo -o . $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -i 's:\(^<refentry .*\)>:\1 lang="$(LANG)">:' $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml-config: %.xml diff --git a/man/pl/man1/chage.1 b/man/pl/man1/chage.1 index b4ce227b..b04df38e 100644 --- a/man/pl/man1/chage.1 +++ b/man/pl/man1/chage.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chage .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia użytkownik\('ow -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "CHAGE" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia użytkownik\('ow" +.TH "CHAGE" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia użytkownik\('ow" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,31 +34,31 @@ chage \- zmiana informacji o terminie ważności has\(/la użytkownika \fBchage\fR [\fIopcje\fR] \fILOGIN\fR .SH "OPIS" .PP -Polecenie +The \fBchage\fR -zmienia liczbę dni pomiędzy zmianami has\(/la i datę ostatniej zmiany has\(/la\&. Informację tę system wykorzystuje do ustalenia, kiedy użytkownik musi zmienić has\(/lo\&. +command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change\&. This information is used by the system to determine when a user must change their password\&. .SH "OPCJE" .PP -Polecenie +The options which apply to the \fBchage\fR -posiada następujące opcje: +command are: .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-lastday\fR\ \&\fIOSTATNI\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-lastday\fR\ \&\fILAST_DAY\fR .RS 4 Ustawia ilość dni od 1 stycznia 1970 kiedy ha\(/lo by\(/lo ostani raz zmieniane\&. Data ważności może być takze prezekazana w formacie RRRR\-MM\-DD (lub formacie używanym lokalnie)\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-E\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIDATA_WAŻN\fR +\fB\-E\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 Ustawia datę, począwszy od kt\('orej konto użytkownika nie będzie już dostępne\&. \fIDATA_WAŻN\fR jest liczbą dni od 1 stycznia 1970, od kt\('orej konto jest blokowane\&. Data może być też wyrażona w formacie RRRR\-MM\-DD (lub innej, powszechniej używanej w danym regionie)\&. Użytkownik, kt\('orego konto jest zablokowane musi skontaktować się z administratorem systemu zanim będzie m\('og\(/l z niego ponownie skorzystać\&. .sp -Przekazanie +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -jako -\fIDATA_WAŻN\fR -usuwa ograniczenie ważności konta użytkownika\&. +as the +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +will remove an account expiration date\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -66,17 +66,22 @@ usuwa ograniczenie ważności konta użytkownika\&. Wyświetlenie komunikatu pomocy i zakończenie dzia\(/lania\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fINIEAKTYWNE\fR +\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-iso8601\fR +.RS 4 +When printing dates, use YYYY\-MM\-DD format\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 -Opcja ta s\(/luży do ustawiania czasu nieaktywności konta po wygaśnięciu ważności has\(/la, po kt\('orym to czasie konto jest blokowane\&. Parametr -\fINIEAKTYWNE\fR -jest liczbą dni nieaktywności\&. Użytkownik, kt\('orego konto jest zablokowane musi skontaktować się z administratorem systemu zanim będzie m\('og\(/l z niego ponownie skorzystać\&. +Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked\&. The +\fIINACTIVE\fR +option is the number of days of inactivity\&. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again\&. .sp -Przekazanie +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -jako -\fINIEAKTYWNE\fR -usuwa ograniczenie nieaktywniści konta użytkownika\&. +as the +\fIINACTIVE\fR +will remove an account\*(Aqs inactivity\&. .RE .PP \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-list\fR @@ -84,26 +89,27 @@ usuwa ograniczenie nieaktywniści konta użytkownika\&. Wyświetlenie informacji o terminach ważności konta i has\(/la\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DNI\fR +\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Utawia minimalną liczbę dni pomiędzy zmianami has\(/la na -\fIMIN_DAYS\fR\&. Wartość zerowa oznacza, że użytkownik może je zmieniać w dowolnym czasie\&. +Set the minimum number of days between password changes to +\fIMIN_DAYS\fR\&. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DNI\fR +\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Ustawia maksymalną liczbę dni, przez jakie has\(/lo jest ważne\&. Gdy -\fIMAX_DNI\fR +Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid\&. When +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR plus -\fIOSTATNI\fR -jest mniejsze niż bieżący dzień, użytkownik musi zmienić swoje has\(/la, zanim będzie m\('og\(/l skorzystać z konta\&. Zdarzenie to może być zaplanowane z wyprzedzeniem przez wykorzystanie opcji -\fB\-W\fR, ostrzegającej zawczasu użytkownika o zbliżającym się terminie zmiany\&. +\fILAST_DAY\fR +is less than the current day, the user will be required to change their password before being able to use their account\&. This occurrence can be planned for in advance by use of the +\fB\-W\fR +option, which provides the user with advance warning\&. .sp -Przekazanie +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -jako +as \fIMAX_DAYS\fR -usuwa sprawdzanie wazności has\(/la\&. +will remove checking a password\*(Aqs validity\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR @@ -115,25 +121,29 @@ directory and use the configuration files from the directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIDNI_OSTRZ\fR +\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Ustawia na -\fIDNI_OSTRZ\fR -liczbę dni przed up\(/lywem ważności has\(/la\&. Od tego dnia użytkownik będzie ostrzegany o nadchodzącym terminie zmiany has\(/la\&. +Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required\&. The +\fIWARN_DAYS\fR +option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned their password is about to expire\&. .RE .PP -Jeśli nie podano żadnej opcji, to +If none of the options are selected, \fBchage\fR -dzia\(/la w trybie interaktywnym, proponując użytkownikowi wartości bieżące dla każdego z p\('ol\&. Wprowadzenie nowej wartości powoduje zmianę wartości pola, a podanie wartości pustej pozostawia wartość bieżącą\&. Bieżąca wartość pola wyświetlana jest w nawiasach -\fI[ ]\fR\&. +operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields\&. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value\&. The current value is displayed between a pair of +\fI[ ]\fR +marks\&. .SH "UWAGI" .PP -Program +The \fBchage\fR -wymaga do dzia\(/lania chronionego pliku hase\(/l użytkownik\('ow (shadow)\&. +program requires a shadow password file to be available\&. .PP -Polecenia chage może użyć tylko użytkownik root, za wyjątkiem opcji -\fB\-l\fR\&. Może się nią pos\(/lużyć się użytkownik nieuprzywilejowany do stwierdzenia, kiedy wygasa jego w\(/lasne has\(/lo lub konto\&. +The +\fBchage\fR +command is restricted to the root user, except for the +\fB\-l\fR +option, which may be used by an unprivileged user to determine when their password or account is due to expire\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP The following configuration variables in @@ -152,28 +162,28 @@ Informacje chronione o użytkownikach\&. .RE .SH "KOD ZAKOŃCZENIA" .PP -Polecenie +The \fBchage\fR -kończy dzia\(/lanie z następującymi wartościami kod\('ow zakończenia: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -poprawne zakończenie dzia\(/lania programu +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -brak dostępu +permission denied .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -niepoprawna sk\(/ladnia polecenia +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI15\fR .RS 4 -nie można znaleźć pliku shadow +can\*(Aqt find the shadow password file .RE .SH "ZOBACZ TAKŻE" .PP diff --git a/man/pl/man1/chsh.1 b/man/pl/man1/chsh.1 index bd0da4a6..bf1b18f3 100644 --- a/man/pl/man1/chsh.1 +++ b/man/pl/man1/chsh.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chsh .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia użytkownik\('ow -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "CHSH" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia użytkownik\('ow" +.TH "CHSH" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia użytkownik\('ow" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ The command changes the user login shell\&. This determines the name of the user\*(Aqs initial login command\&. A normal user may only change the login shell for her own account; the superuser may change the login shell for any account\&. .SH "OPCJE" .PP -Polecenie +The options which apply to the \fBchsh\fR -posiada następujące opcje: +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -62,18 +62,21 @@ directory\&. Nazwa nowej pow\(/loki (shell) użytkownika\&. Ustawienie tego pola na puste powoduje, że system wybierze domyślną pow\(/lokę logowania\&. .RE .PP -Jeżeli nie podano opcji -\fB\-s\fR, to polecenie +If the +\fB\-s\fR +option is not selected, \fBchsh\fR -dzia\(/la w trybie interaktywnym, proponując użytkownikowi bieżącą pow\(/lokę logowania\&. Wprowadzenie nowej wartości powoduje zmianę pow\(/loki, a podanie wartości pustej pozostawia bieżącą pow\(/lokę\&. Bieżąca pow\(/loka wyświetlana jest w nawiasach +operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current login shell\&. Enter the new value to change the shell, or leave the line blank to use the current one\&. The current shell is displayed between a pair of \fI[ ]\fR +marks\&. .SH "UWAGI" .PP -Jedynym ograniczeniem na\(/lożonym na pow\(/lokę zg\(/loszeniową jest to, że jej nazwa musi być wymieniona w -/etc/shells, chyba że polecenie chsh zosta\(/lo uruchomione przez superużytkownika w\('owczas może być podana dowolna nazwa\&. Użytkownicy kont z ograniczoną pow\(/loką logowania nie mogą jej zmieniać\&. Odradza się z tego powodu umieszczanie +The only restriction placed on the login shell is that the command name must be listed in +/etc/shells, unless the invoker is the superuser, and then any value may be added\&. An account with a restricted login shell may not change her login shell\&. For this reason, placing /bin/rsh -w pliku -/etc/shells, gdyż przypadkowa zmiana na pow\(/lokę ograniczoną uniemożliwi użytkownikowi jakąkolwiek zmianę pow\(/loki logowania, nawet z powrotem na dotychczasową\&. +in +/etc/shells +is discouraged since accidentally changing to a restricted shell would prevent the user from ever changing her login shell back to its original value\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP The following configuration variables in diff --git a/man/pl/man1/expiry.1 b/man/pl/man1/expiry.1 index d99d1ad3..1effad17 100644 --- a/man/pl/man1/expiry.1 +++ b/man/pl/man1/expiry.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: expiry .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia użytkownik\('ow -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia użytkownik\('ow" +.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia użytkownik\('ow" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ expiry \- sprawdzenie ważności i wymuszenie zmiany has\(/la \fBexpiry\fR \fIoption\fR .SH "OPIS" .PP -Polecenie +The \fBexpiry\fR -sprawdza (\fB\-c\fR), kiedy wygaśnie aktualne has\(/lo oraz wymusza (\fB\-f\fR) lub wymusza jego zmianę\&.Może ono być wywo\(/lywane jako zwyk\(/le polecenie przez użytkownika\&. +command checks (\fB\-c\fR) the current password expiration and forces (\fB\-f\fR) changes when required\&. It is callable as a normal user command\&. .SH "OPCJE" .PP The options which apply to the diff --git a/man/pl/man1/groups.1 b/man/pl/man1/groups.1 index 313b69fc..c7bcb129 100644 --- a/man/pl/man1/groups.1 +++ b/man/pl/man1/groups.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groups .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia użytkownik\('ow -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "GROUPS" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia użytkownik\('ow" +.TH "GROUPS" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia użytkownik\('ow" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/pl/man1/id.1 b/man/pl/man1/id.1 index fe6d8bbd..aaf4fd7b 100644 --- a/man/pl/man1/id.1 +++ b/man/pl/man1/id.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: id .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia użytkownik\('ow -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "ID" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia użytkownik\('ow" +.TH "ID" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia użytkownik\('ow" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/pl/man1/newgrp.1 b/man/pl/man1/newgrp.1 index cf4a65e1..9e778456 100644 --- a/man/pl/man1/newgrp.1 +++ b/man/pl/man1/newgrp.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newgrp .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia użytkownik\('ow -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia użytkownik\('ow" +.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia użytkownik\('ow" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/pl/man1/sg.1 b/man/pl/man1/sg.1 index 63de8a54..2e9d6429 100644 --- a/man/pl/man1/sg.1 +++ b/man/pl/man1/sg.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: sg .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia użytkownik\('ow -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "SG" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia użytkownik\('ow" +.TH "SG" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia użytkownik\('ow" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ sg \- execute command as different group ID .SH "STRESZCZENIE" .HP \w'\fBsg\fR\ 'u -\fBsg\fR [\-] [group\ [\-c]\ command] +\fBsg\fR [\-] [group\ [\-c\ ]\ command] .SH "OPIS" .PP The diff --git a/man/pl/man3/shadow.3 b/man/pl/man3/shadow.3 index 789b8127..4a529781 100644 --- a/man/pl/man3/shadow.3 +++ b/man/pl/man3/shadow.3 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: shadow .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Library Calls -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "SHADOW" "3" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Library Calls" +.TH "SHADOW" "3" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Library Calls" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/pl/man5/faillog.5 b/man/pl/man5/faillog.5 index 0d493888..e87dee35 100644 --- a/man/pl/man5/faillog.5 +++ b/man/pl/man5/faillog.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: File Formats and Conversions -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "File Formats and Conversions" +.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "File Formats and Conversions" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/pl/man5/porttime.5 b/man/pl/man5/porttime.5 index 10c0b288..c5171bcd 100644 --- a/man/pl/man5/porttime.5 +++ b/man/pl/man5/porttime.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: porttime .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: File Formats and Conversions -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "File Formats and Conversions" +.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "File Formats and Conversions" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/pl/man8/faillog.8 b/man/pl/man8/faillog.8 index c331cd4b..e5386a50 100644 --- a/man/pl/man8/faillog.8 +++ b/man/pl/man8/faillog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "FAILLOG" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" +.TH "FAILLOG" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ displays the contents of the failure log database (/var/log/faillog)\&. It can a is run without arguments, it only displays the faillog records of the users who had a login failure\&. .SH "OPCJE" .PP -Polecenie +The options which apply to the \fBfaillog\fR -posiada następujące opcje: +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR .RS 4 @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ directory and use the configuration files from the directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDNI\fR +\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 Display faillog records more recent than \fIDAYS\fR\&. diff --git a/man/pl/man8/groupadd.8 b/man/pl/man8/groupadd.8 index 476caa99..d77f1658 100644 --- a/man/pl/man8/groupadd.8 +++ b/man/pl/man8/groupadd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupadd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" +.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ The command creates a new group account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system\&. The new group will be entered into the system files as needed\&. .SH "OPCJE" .PP -Polecenie +The options which apply to the \fBgroupadd\fR -posiada następujące opcje: +command are: .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR .RS 4 @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ description\&. Wyświetlenie komunikatu pomocy i zakończenie dzia\(/lania\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIKLUCZ\fR=\fIWARTOŚĆ\fR +\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIKEY\fR=\fIVALUE\fR .RS 4 Overrides /etc/login\&.defs @@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ doesn\*(Aqt work yet\&. This option permits to add a group with a non\-unique GID\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIHAS\(/LO\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 The encrypted password, as returned by \fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. The default is to disable the password\&. @@ -208,23 +208,23 @@ If the groupname already exists in an external group database such as NIS or LDA will deny the group creation request\&. .SH "KOD ZAKOŃCZENIA" .PP -Polecenie +The \fBgroupadd\fR -kończy dzia\(/lanie z następującymi wartościami kod\('ow zakończenia: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -poprawne zakończenie dzia\(/lania programu +success .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -niepoprawna sk\(/ladnia polecenia +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -nieprawid\(/lowy argument opcji +invalid argument to option .RE .PP \fI4\fR @@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ group name not unique .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -nie można zaktualizować pliku z grupami +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .SH "ZOBACZ TAKŻE" .PP diff --git a/man/pl/man8/groupdel.8 b/man/pl/man8/groupdel.8 index 47883b7f..13672bda 100644 --- a/man/pl/man8/groupdel.8 +++ b/man/pl/man8/groupdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" +.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -104,18 +104,18 @@ Informacje chronione o grupach użytkownik\('ow\&. .RE .SH "KOD ZAKOŃCZENIA" .PP -Polecenie +The \fBgroupdel\fR -kończy dzia\(/lanie z następującymi wartościami kod\('ow zakończenia: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -poprawne zakończenie dzia\(/lania programu +success .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -niepoprawna sk\(/ladnia polecenia +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI6\fR @@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ can\*(Aqt remove user\*(Aqs primary group .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -nie można zaktualizować pliku z grupami +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .SH "ZOBACZ TAKŻE" .PP diff --git a/man/pl/man8/groupmems.8 b/man/pl/man8/groupmems.8 index 6ceae219..08337517 100644 --- a/man/pl/man8/groupmems.8 +++ b/man/pl/man8/groupmems.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmems .\" Author: George Kraft, IV .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "GROUPMEMS" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" +.TH "GROUPMEMS" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ Only the superuser, as administrator, can use to alter the memberships of other groups\&. .SH "OPCJE" .PP -Polecenie +The options which apply to the \fBgroupmems\fR -posiada następujące opcje: +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIuser_name\fR .RS 4 diff --git a/man/pl/man8/groupmod.8 b/man/pl/man8/groupmod.8 index be95784a..ea13448d 100644 --- a/man/pl/man8/groupmod.8 +++ b/man/pl/man8/groupmod.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmod .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "GROUPMOD" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" +.TH "GROUPMOD" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,16 +34,16 @@ groupmod \- modyfikuj definicję grupy systemowej \fBgroupmod\fR [\fIopcje\fR] \fIGRUPA\fR .SH "OPIS" .PP -Polcenie +The \fBgroupmod\fR -modifikuje definicję grupy -\fIGRUPA\fR -poprzez modifikację stosownego wpisu w bazie grup\&. +command modifies the definition of the specified +\fIGROUP\fR +by modifying the appropriate entry in the group database\&. .SH "OPCJE" .PP -Polecenie +The options which apply to the \fBgroupmod\fR -posiada następujące opcje: +command are: .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGID\fR .RS 4 @@ -77,12 +77,13 @@ from Wyświetlenie komunikatu pomocy i zakończenie dzia\(/lania\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-append\fR\ \&\fINOWA_GRUPA\fR +\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-new\-name\fR\ \&\fINEW_GROUP\fR .RS 4 -Nazwa grupy zostanie zmieniona z -\fIGRUPA\fR -na nazwę -\fINOWA_GRUPA\fR\&. +The name of the group will be changed from +\fIGROUP\fR +to +\fINEW_GROUP\fR +name\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR @@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ option, allow to change the group to a non\-unique value\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIHAS\(/LO\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 The encrypted password, as returned by \fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. @@ -165,9 +166,9 @@ Informacja o kontach użytkownik\('ow\&. .RE .SH "KOD ZAKOŃCZENIA" .PP -Polecenie +The \fBgroupmod\fR -kończy dzia\(/lanie z następującymi wartościami kod\('ow zakończenia: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 diff --git a/man/pl/man8/grpck.8 b/man/pl/man8/grpck.8 index c3e21eef..d0364f06 100644 --- a/man/pl/man8/grpck.8 +++ b/man/pl/man8/grpck.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: grpck .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "GRPCK" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" +.TH "GRPCK" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -204,18 +204,18 @@ Informacja o kontach użytkownik\('ow\&. .RE .SH "KOD ZAKOŃCZENIA" .PP -Polecenie -\fBgrpckl\fR -kończy dzia\(/lanie z następującymi wartościami kod\('ow zakończenia: +The +\fBgrpck\fR +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -poprawne zakończenie dzia\(/lania programu +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -niepoprawna sk\(/ladnia polecenia +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI2\fR diff --git a/man/pl/man8/lastlog.8 b/man/pl/man8/lastlog.8 index ad237fe9..655a1176 100644 --- a/man/pl/man8/lastlog.8 +++ b/man/pl/man8/lastlog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: lastlog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "LASTLOG" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" +.TH "LASTLOG" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,26 +34,25 @@ lastlog \- wyświetla informacje o ostanim logowaniu dla wybranego lub wszystkic \fBlastlog\fR [\fIopcje\fR] .SH "OPIS" .PP -Polecenie \fBlastlog\fR -formatuje i wyświetla zawartość bazy ostatnich logowań zapisanych w pliku -/var/log/lastlog\&. Wyświetlone zostaną -\fInazwa użytkownika\fR, -\fIport\fR -i -\fIczas\fR -ostatniego logowania\&. Domyślnie (bez flag) pozycje wyświetlane są w kolejności w jakiej są w pliku +formats and prints the contents of the last login log +/var/log/lastlog +file\&. The +\fIlogin\-name\fR, +\fIport\fR, and +\fIlast login time\fR +will be printed\&. The default (no flags) causes lastlog entries to be printed, sorted by their order in /etc/passwd\&. .SH "OPCJE" .PP -Polecenie +The options which apply to the \fBlastlog\fR -posiada następujące opcje: +command are: .PP -\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-before\fR\ \&\fIDNI\fR +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-before\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -Wyświetlenie rekord\('ow lastlog starszych niż zadana -\fIDNI\fR\&. +Print only lastlog records older than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-C\fR, \fB\-\-clear\fR @@ -84,10 +83,10 @@ Set lastlog record of a user to the current time\&. This option can be used only (\fB\-\-user\fR))\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDNI\fR +\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -Wyświetlenie rekord\('ow lastlog nie starszych niż zadana ilość -\fIDNI\fR\&. +Print the lastlog records more recent than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIRANGE\fR @@ -101,18 +100,18 @@ of users\&. This of users can be specified with a min and max values (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), a max value (\fI\-UID_MAX\fR), or a min value (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR)\&. .RE .PP -Jeżeli użytkownik nigdy się nie logowa\(/l to zamiast portu i czasu logowania wyświetlany jest komunikat -\fI**Nigdy nie zalogowany**\fR -(użytkownik nigdy się nie logowa\(/l)\&. +If the user has never logged in the message +\fI** Never logged in**\fR +will be displayed instead of the port and time\&. .PP Only the entries for the current users of the system will be displayed\&. Other entries may exist for users that were deleted previously\&. .SH "UWAGI" .PP -Baza danych +The lastlog -jest plikiem zawierajacym informacje o ostanim logowaniu każdego użytkowanika\&. Pliku tego nie powinnoa się okresowo kasować i zaką\(/ldać od nowa (rotacja)\&. Plik ten jest plikiem z dziurami tak więc jego rozmiar jest zwykle znacznie mniejszy pokazywany przez polecenie "\fBls \-l\fR" (pokazujące że jest on dużych rozmiar\('ow jeżeli masz w +file is a database which contains info on the last login of each user\&. You should not rotate it\&. It is a sparse file, so its size on the disk is usually much smaller than the one shown by "\fBls \-l\fR" (which can indicate a really big file if you have in passwd -użytkowanik\('ow z wysokimi wartościami UID)\&. Mozesz wyświetlić rzeczywisty rozmiar tego pliku używając polecenia "\fBls \-s\fR"\&. +users with a high UID)\&. You can display its real size with "\fBls \-s\fR"\&. .SH "CONFIGURATION" .PP The following configuration variables in diff --git a/man/pl/man8/logoutd.8 b/man/pl/man8/logoutd.8 index a8a192ea..afd89b19 100644 --- a/man/pl/man8/logoutd.8 +++ b/man/pl/man8/logoutd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: logoutd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" +.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -35,14 +35,15 @@ logoutd \- wymuszenie ograniczeń czasu logowania .SH "OPIS" .PP \fBlogoutd\fR -wymusza ograniczenia port\('ow i czas\('ow logowania podane w +enforces the login time and port restrictions specified in /etc/porttime\&. \fBlogoutd\fR -powinno być uruchamiane z -/etc/rc\&. Okresowo przeglądany jest plik -/var/run/utmp\&. Sprawdzana jest każda nazwa użytkownika, aby stwierdzić, czy użytkownik ma zezwolenie na pracę w bieżącym czasie na danym porcie\&. Każda sesja pracy (logowania) naruszająca ograniczenia zawarte w +should be started from +/etc/rc\&. The +/var/run/utmp +file is scanned periodically and each user name is checked to see if the named user is permitted on the named port at the current time\&. Any login session which is violating the restrictions in /etc/porttime -jest kończona\&. +is terminated\&. .SH "PLIKI" .PP /etc/porttime diff --git a/man/pl/man8/userdel.8 b/man/pl/man8/userdel.8 index 93b51c26..f85c288a 100644 --- a/man/pl/man8/userdel.8 +++ b/man/pl/man8/userdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: userdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "USERDEL" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" +.TH "USERDEL" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to th \fILOGIN\fR\&. The named user must exist\&. .SH "OPCJE" .PP -Polecenie +The options which apply to the \fBuserdel\fR -posiada następujące opcje: +command are: .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR .RS 4 @@ -232,23 +232,23 @@ Per user subordinate user IDs\&. .RE .SH "KOD ZAKOŃCZENIA" .PP -Polecenie +The \fBuserdel\fR -kończy dzia\(/lanie z następującymi wartościami kod\('ow zakończenia: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -poprawne zakończenie dzia\(/lania programu +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -nie można zaktualizować pliku z has\(/lami +can\*(Aqt update password file .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -niepoprawna sk\(/ladnia polecenia +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI6\fR @@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ user currently logged in .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -nie można zaktualizować pliku z grupami +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .PP \fI12\fR diff --git a/man/pl/man8/usermod.8 b/man/pl/man8/usermod.8 index 4409d69f..b972985c 100644 --- a/man/pl/man8/usermod.8 +++ b/man/pl/man8/usermod.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: usermod .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "USERMOD" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" +.TH "USERMOD" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,26 +34,37 @@ usermod \- zmiana danych konta użytkownika \fBusermod\fR [\fIopcje\fR] \fILOGIN\fR .SH "OPIS" .PP -Polecenie +The \fBusermod\fR -zmienia systemowe pliki kont, odzwierciedlając zmiany podane w wierszu poleceń\&. +command modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that are specified on the command line\&. .SH "OPCJE" .PP -Polecenie +The options which apply to the \fBusermod\fR -posiada następujące opcje: +command are: .PP -\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR +\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-append\fR .RS 4 Add the user to the supplementary group(s)\&. Use only with the \fB\-G\fR option\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fIKOMENTARZ\fR +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR .RS 4 -Nowa wartość pola komentarza dla danego użytkownika w pliku hase\(/l\&. Zwykle jest zmieniana przy pomocy polecenia -\fBchfn\fR(1)\&. +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENT\fR +.RS 4 +The new value of the user\*(Aqs password file comment field\&. It is normally modified using the +\fBchfn\fR(1) +utility\&. .RE .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR @@ -65,10 +76,10 @@ If the option is given, the contents of the current home directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it does not already exist\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIDATA_WAŻN\fR +\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 -Data, od kt\('orej konto danego użytkownika zostanie wy\(/lączone\&. Data podawana jest w formacie -\fIMM/DD/RR\fR\&. +The date on which the user account will be disabled\&. The date is specified in the format +\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR\&. .sp An empty \fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR @@ -81,7 +92,7 @@ file\&. A entry will be created if there were none\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fINIEAKTYWNE\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently disabled\&. .sp @@ -94,7 +105,7 @@ file\&. A entry will be created if there were none\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGRUPA\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR .RS 4 The group name or number of the user\*(Aqs new initial login group\&. The group must exist\&. .sp @@ -103,7 +114,7 @@ Any file from the user\*(Aqs home directory owned by the previous primary group The group ownership of files outside of the user\*(Aqs home directory must be fixed manually\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGRUPA1\fR[\fI,GRUPA2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GRUPAN\fR]]] +\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGROUP1\fR[\fI,GROUP2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GROUPN\fR]]] .RS 4 A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of\&. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace\&. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the \fB\-g\fR @@ -114,7 +125,7 @@ If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user will option, which appends the user to the current supplementary group list\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-login\fR\ \&\fINOWY_LOGIN\fR +\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-login\fR\ \&\fINEW_LOGIN\fR .RS 4 The name of the user will be changed from \fILOGIN\fR @@ -124,7 +135,7 @@ to .PP \fB\-L\fR, \fB\-\-lock\fR .RS 4 -Zablokuj has\(/lo użytkownika\&. Opcja ta powoduje wstawienie \(cq!\(cq na początku zakodowanego has\(/la\&. Opcji tej nie można używać z opcjami +Lock a user\*(Aqs password\&. This puts a \*(Aq!\*(Aq in front of the encrypted password, effectively disabling the password\&. You can\*(Aqt use this option with \fB\-p\fR or \fB\-U\fR\&. @@ -155,7 +166,7 @@ When used with the option, this option allows to change the user ID to a non\-unique value\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIHAS\(/LO\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 The encrypted password, as returned by \fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. @@ -212,9 +223,9 @@ from .PP \fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-unlock\fR .RS 4 -Odblokowuje has\(/lo użytkownika\&. Opcja ta powoduje usuniecie \(cq!\(cq z początku zakodowanego has\(/la\&. Opcji tej nie można używać z opcjami +Unlock a user\*(Aqs password\&. This removes the \*(Aq!\*(Aq in front of the encrypted password\&. You can\*(Aqt use this option with \fB\-p\fR -lub +or \fB\-L\fR\&. .sp Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the diff --git a/man/pl/man8/vipw.8 b/man/pl/man8/vipw.8 index 84bccc58..a058d7a5 100644 --- a/man/pl/man8/vipw.8 +++ b/man/pl/man8/vipw.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: vipw .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Polish .\" -.TH "VIPW" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" +.TH "VIPW" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Polecenia Zarządzania Systemem" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -36,33 +36,29 @@ vipw, vigr \- edytuj plik hase\(/l, grup lub ich wersji chronionych \fBvigr\fR [\fIopcje\fR] .SH "OPIS" .PP -Polecenia +The \fBvipw\fR -i +and \fBvigr\fR -umożliwiają modyfikację plik\('ow odpowiednio +commands edits the files /etc/passwd -i -/etc/group\&. Przy zastosowaniu flagi +and +/etc/group, respectively\&. With the \fB\-s\fR -modyfikują także dodatkowe wersje chronione tych plik\('ow \- odpowiednio +flag, they will edit the shadow versions of those files, /etc/shadow -i -/etc/gshadow\&. Dla ochrony przed uszkodzeniem w trakcie modyfikacji tych plik\('ow programy te ustawiają odpowiednie blokady\&. Szukając edytora programy te używają w pierwszej kolejności zmiennej środowiska -\fB$VISUAL\fR, a następnie -\fB$EDITOR\fR, a na końcu a na końcu domyślnego edytora +and +/etc/gshadow, respectively\&. The programs will set the appropriate locks to prevent file corruption\&. When looking for an editor, the programs will first try the environment variable +\fB$VISUAL\fR, then the environment variable +\fB$EDITOR\fR, and finally the default editor, \fBvi\fR(1)\&. .SH "OPCJE" .PP -Polecenia +The options which apply to the \fBvipw\fR -i +and \fBvigr\fR -posiadają następujące opcje:Polecenia -\fBvipw\fR -i -\fBvigr\fR -posiadają następujące opcje: +commands are: .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR .RS 4 diff --git a/man/po/da.po b/man/po/da.po index 388c29f2..cb24194f 100644 --- a/man/po/da.po +++ b/man/po/da.po @@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: shadow-man\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-06-13 11:47-0500\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-01 11:37-0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2013-08-23 01:35+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Joe Hansen <joedalton2@yahoo.dk>\n" "Language-Team: Danish <debian-l10n-danish@lists.debian.org>\n" @@ -335,9 +335,9 @@ msgstr "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>" msgid "Edit group database." msgstr "Rediger gruppedatabase." -#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:267(term) -#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:186(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) -#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:277(term) +#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:196(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:295(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:129(term) groupmems.8.xml:142(term) groupdel.8.xml:95(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:131(term) gpasswd.1.xml:173(term) faillog.8.xml:122(term) #: expiry.1.xml:112(term) chsh.1.xml:101(term) chpasswd.8.xml:171(term) @@ -345,9 +345,9 @@ msgstr "Rediger gruppedatabase." msgid "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" msgstr "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" -#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:269(para) -#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:188(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:279(para) +#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:198(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:297(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:131(para) groupmems.8.xml:144(para) groupdel.8.xml:97(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:133(para) gpasswd.1.xml:175(para) faillog.8.xml:124(para) #: expiry.1.xml:114(para) chsh.1.xml:103(para) chpasswd.8.xml:173(para) @@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ msgstr "<option>-p</option>, <option>--passwd</option>" msgid "Edit passwd database." msgstr "Rediger passwd-database." -#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:192(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:202(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) msgid "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" @@ -371,13 +371,13 @@ msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgid "Quiet mode." msgstr "Stille tilstand." -#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:312(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) -#: useradd.8.xml:446(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:209(term) -#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:308(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:332(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:456(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:219(term) +#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:320(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) #: grpck.8.xml:173(term) groupmod.8.xml:178(term) groupmems.8.xml:165(term) #: groupdel.8.xml:101(term) groupadd.8.xml:204(term) faillog.8.xml:180(term) #: chsh.1.xml:107(term) chpasswd.8.xml:188(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:146(term) -#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:197(term) +#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:203(term) msgid "" "<option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option> <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -385,13 +385,13 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option> <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</" "replaceable>" -#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:316(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:450(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:213(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:312(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:336(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:460(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:324(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) #: grpck.8.xml:177(para) groupmod.8.xml:182(para) groupmems.8.xml:169(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:105(para) groupadd.8.xml:208(para) gpasswd.1.xml:185(para) #: faillog.8.xml:184(para) chsh.1.xml:111(para) chpasswd.8.xml:192(para) -#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:201(para) +#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:207(para) msgid "" "Apply changes in the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> directory and use " "the configuration files from the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> " @@ -416,26 +416,26 @@ msgstr "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option>" msgid "Indicates which user's tcb shadow file to edit." msgstr "Indikerer hvilken brugers tcb-shadowfil at redigere." -#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:514(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:665(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:252(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:534(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:675(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:262(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:374(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:205(title) grpck.8.xml:209(title) groupmod.8.xml:210(title) #: groupmems.8.xml:199(title) groupdel.8.xml:145(title) #: groupadd.8.xml:236(title) gpasswd.1.xml:264(title) chsh.1.xml:154(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:239(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:198(title) chfn.1.xml:193(title) -#: chage.1.xml:244(title) +#: chage.1.xml:250(title) msgid "CONFIGURATION" msgstr "KONFIGURATION" -#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:515(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:666(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) -#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:363(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:535(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:676(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:263(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:375(para) #: newgrp.1.xml:110(para) login.1.xml:295(para) lastlog.8.xml:206(para) #: grpck.8.xml:210(para) groupmod.8.xml:211(para) groupmems.8.xml:200(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:146(para) groupadd.8.xml:237(para) gpasswd.1.xml:265(para) #: chsh.1.xml:155(para) chpasswd.8.xml:240(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:199(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:245(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:251(para) msgid "" "The following configuration variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" "filename> change the behavior of this tool:" @@ -483,11 +483,11 @@ msgstr "" "Redigeringsprogram der skal bruges hvis <option>VISUAL</option> ikke er " "angivet." -#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:532(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:694(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:552(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:704(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) #: sg.1.xml:110(title) shadow.5.xml:255(title) shadow.3.xml:226(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:269(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:141(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:397(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:279(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:160(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:409(title) #: newgrp.1.xml:121(title) logoutd.8.xml:89(title) #: login.access.5.xml:121(title) login.1.xml:338(title) limits.5.xml:196(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:217(title) gshadow.5.xml:156(title) grpck.8.xml:221(title) @@ -495,13 +495,13 @@ msgstr "" #: groupdel.8.xml:157(title) groupadd.8.xml:250(title) gpasswd.1.xml:279(title) #: faillog.8.xml:243(title) faillog.5.xml:96(title) expiry.1.xml:121(title) #: chsh.1.xml:167(title) chpasswd.8.xml:255(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:213(title) -#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:256(title) +#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:262(title) msgid "FILES" msgstr "FILER" -#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:535(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:709(filename) -#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:272(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:555(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:719(filename) +#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:282(filename) newusers.8.xml:424(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:136(filename) gshadow.5.xml:159(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:224(filename) groups.1.xml:103(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:225(filename) groupmems.8.xml:214(filename) @@ -511,18 +511,18 @@ msgstr "FILER" msgid "/etc/group" msgstr "/etc/group" -#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:537(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:711(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:274(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:557(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:721(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:284(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) #: grpck.8.xml:226(para) groups.1.xml:105(para) groupmod.8.xml:227(para) #: groupmems.8.xml:216(para) groupdel.8.xml:162(para) groupadd.8.xml:255(para) #: gpasswd.1.xml:284(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:218(para) msgid "Group account information." msgstr "Information om gruppekonto." -#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:541(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:715(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:561(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:725(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) #: gshadow.5.xml:165(filename) grpck.8.xml:230(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:231(filename) groupmems.8.xml:220(filename) #: groupdel.8.xml:166(filename) groupadd.8.xml:259(filename) @@ -531,63 +531,63 @@ msgstr "Information om gruppekonto." msgid "/etc/gshadow" msgstr "/etc/gshadow" -#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:543(para) useradd.8.xml:717(para) -#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:563(para) useradd.8.xml:727(para) +#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:432(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) #: gshadow.5.xml:167(para) grpck.8.xml:232(para) groupmod.8.xml:233(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:168(para) groupadd.8.xml:261(para) gpasswd.1.xml:290(para) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:224(para) msgid "Secure group account information." msgstr "Information om sikret gruppekonto." -#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:553(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:697(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:573(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:707(filename) #: su.1.xml:369(filename) sg.1.xml:113(filename) shadow.5.xml:258(filename) -#: pwck.8.xml:278(filename) passwd.5.xml:144(filename) -#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:400(filename) +#: pwck.8.xml:288(filename) passwd.5.xml:163(filename) +#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:124(filename) login.1.xml:353(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:236(filename) groupmod.8.xml:243(filename) #: expiry.1.xml:124(filename) chsh.1.xml:170(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:258(filename) chfn.1.xml:216(filename) -#: chage.1.xml:260(filename) +#: chage.1.xml:266(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd" msgstr "/etc/passwd" -#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:555(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:699(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:280(para) passwd.5.xml:146(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:402(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:575(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:709(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:290(para) passwd.5.xml:165(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) #: login.1.xml:355(para) grpck.8.xml:238(para) groupmod.8.xml:245(para) #: expiry.1.xml:126(para) chsh.1.xml:172(para) chpasswd.8.xml:260(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:263(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:269(para) msgid "User account information." msgstr "Information om brugerkonto." -#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:559(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:703(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:579(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:713(filename) #: su.1.xml:375(filename) sg.1.xml:119(filename) shadow.5.xml:264(filename) -#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:284(filename) -#: passwd.5.xml:150(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:406(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) +#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:294(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:169(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) #: login.1.xml:359(filename) expiry.1.xml:130(filename) -#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:268(filename) +#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:274(filename) msgid "/etc/shadow" msgstr "/etc/shadow" -#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:561(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:705(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:286(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:408(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:581(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:715(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:296(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) #: login.1.xml:361(para) expiry.1.xml:132(para) chpasswd.8.xml:266(para) -#: chage.1.xml:271(para) +#: chage.1.xml:277(para) msgid "Secure user account information." msgstr "Information om sikret brugerkonto." -#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:580(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:823(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:600(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:833(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) #: sg.1.xml:140(title) shadow.5.xml:283(title) shadow.3.xml:238(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:344(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:169(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:451(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:354(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:188(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:463(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) #: login.defs.5.xml:543(title) login.access.5.xml:133(title) #: login.1.xml:398(title) limits.5.xml:206(title) gshadow.5.xml:174(title) #: grpck.8.xml:290(title) groups.1.xml:112(title) groupmod.8.xml:321(title) @@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ msgstr "Information om sikret brugerkonto." #: groupadd.8.xml:341(title) gpasswd.1.xml:297(title) faillog.8.xml:255(title) #: faillog.5.xml:108(title) expiry.1.xml:139(title) chsh.1.xml:191(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:285(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:237(title) chfn.1.xml:225(title) -#: chage.1.xml:311(title) +#: chage.1.xml:317(title) msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "SE OGSÅ" @@ -707,7 +707,18 @@ msgstr "" "Tilføj brugeren til de supplementære grupper. Brug kun med tilvalget " "<option>-G</option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) useradd.8.xml:151(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) usermod.8.xml:122(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-a</option>, <option>--all</option>" +msgid "<option>-b</option>, <option>--badnames</option>" +msgstr "<option>-a</option>, <option>--all</option>" + +#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) usermod.8.xml:126(para) useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:190(para) newusers.8.xml:275(para) +msgid "Allow names that do not conform to standards." +msgstr "" + +#: usermod.8.xml:132(term) useradd.8.xml:161(term) msgid "" "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> <replaceable>COMMENT</" "replaceable>" @@ -715,7 +726,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> <replaceable>KOMMENTAR</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:136(para) msgid "" "The new value of the user's password file comment field. It is normally " "modified using the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" @@ -725,7 +736,7 @@ msgstr "" "ændres normalt med redskabet <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>." -#: usermod.8.xml:125(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:145(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> " @@ -737,11 +748,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> " "<replaceable>HJEMMEMAPPE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:129(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) msgid "The user's new login directory." msgstr "Brugerens nye logindmappe." -#: usermod.8.xml:132(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:152(para) msgid "" "If the <option>-m</option> option is given, the contents of the current home " "directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it " @@ -751,7 +762,7 @@ msgstr "" "hjemmemappe blive flyttet til den nye hjemmemappe, som oprettes hvis denne " "ikke allerede findes." -#: usermod.8.xml:141(term) useradd.8.xml:189(term) useradd.8.xml:566(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:199(term) useradd.8.xml:576(term) msgid "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>" @@ -759,7 +770,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>UDLØBSDATO</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:145(para) useradd.8.xml:193(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) useradd.8.xml:203(para) msgid "" "The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified " "in the format <emphasis remap=\"I\">YYYY-MM-DD</emphasis>." @@ -767,7 +778,7 @@ msgstr "" "Datoen hvorpå brugerkontoen vil blive deaktiveret. Datoen er angivet i " "formatet <emphasis remap=\"I\">ÅÅÅÅ-MM-DD</emphasis>." -#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) msgid "" "An empty <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> argument will disable the " "expiration of the account." @@ -775,7 +786,7 @@ msgstr "" "Et tomt argument for <replaceable>UDLØBSDATO</replaceable> vil deaktivere " "udløb for kontoen." -#: usermod.8.xml:153(para) usermod.8.xml:174(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:173(para) usermod.8.xml:194(para) msgid "" "This option requires a <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. A <filename>/" "etc/shadow</filename> entry will be created if there were none." @@ -783,7 +794,7 @@ msgstr "" "Dette tilvalg kræver en <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>-fil. Et <filename>/" "etc/shadow</filename>-punkt vil blive oprettet hvis et sådant ikke fandtes." -#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:206(term) useradd.8.xml:578(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:181(term) useradd.8.xml:216(term) useradd.8.xml:588(term) msgid "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" @@ -791,7 +802,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INAKTIV</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:185(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently " "disabled." @@ -799,44 +810,44 @@ msgstr "" "Antallet af dage fra en adgangskode udløber til kontoen bliver permanent " "deaktiveret." -#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:189(para) msgid "" "A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a " "value of -1 disables the feature." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:182(term) useradd.8.xml:225(term) useradd.8.xml:593(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:202(term) useradd.8.xml:235(term) useradd.8.xml:603(term) msgid "" "<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option> <replaceable>GROUP</" "replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:186(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:206(para) msgid "" "The group name or number of the user's new initial login group. The group " "must exist." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:190(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:210(para) msgid "" "Any file from the user's home directory owned by the previous primary group " "of the user will be owned by this new group." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:194(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:214(para) msgid "" "The group ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be " "fixed manually." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:201(term) useradd.8.xml:252(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) useradd.8.xml:262(term) msgid "" "<option>-G</option>, <option>--groups</option> <replaceable>GROUP1</" "replaceable>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GROUP2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap=\"I" "\">,GROUPN</emphasis>]]]" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:205(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " "group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. " @@ -844,7 +855,7 @@ msgid "" "<option>-g</option> option." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:212(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:232(para) msgid "" "If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user " "will be removed from the group. This behaviour can be changed via the " @@ -852,13 +863,13 @@ msgid "" "supplementary group list." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:241(term) msgid "" "<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option> <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</" "replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) msgid "" "The name of the user will be changed from <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> " "to <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</replaceable>. Nothing else is changed. In " @@ -866,70 +877,70 @@ msgid "" "renamed manually to reflect the new login name." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:235(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:255(term) msgid "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:239(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:259(para) msgid "" "Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the encrypted password, " "effectively disabling the password. You can't use this option with <option>-" "p</option> or <option>-U</option>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:265(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you " "should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> to " "<replaceable>1</replaceable>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:254(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--move-home</option>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:258(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) msgid "Move the content of the user's home directory to the new location." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:262(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:282(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-d</option> (or " "<option>--home</option>) option." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:266(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:286(para) msgid "" "<command>usermod</command> will try to adapt the ownership of the files and " "to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be " "needed afterwards." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) useradd.8.xml:386(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:294(term) useradd.8.xml:396(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:157(term) msgid "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:298(para) msgid "" "When used with the <option>-u</option> option, this option allows to change " "the user ID to a non-unique value." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:285(term) useradd.8.xml:398(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:305(term) useradd.8.xml:408(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:167(term) msgid "" "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option> <replaceable>PASSWORD</" "replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:289(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:309(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) msgid "" "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:294(para) useradd.8.xml:407(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:314(para) useradd.8.xml:417(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:176(para) msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"bold\">Note:</emphasis> This option is not recommended " @@ -937,20 +948,20 @@ msgid "" "listing the processes." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:299(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:319(para) msgid "" "The password will be written in the local <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " "or <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. This might differ from the " "password database configured in your PAM configuration." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:305(para) useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:325(para) useradd.8.xml:422(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:181(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the password respects the system's password policy." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:324(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:344(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:468(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:190(term) groupdel.8.xml:113(term) groupadd.8.xml:216(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" @@ -963,7 +974,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> " "<replaceable>HJEMMEMAPPE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:328(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:348(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:472(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:194(para) groupdel.8.xml:117(para) groupadd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "" "Apply changes in the <replaceable>PREFIX_DIR</replaceable> directory and use " @@ -973,67 +984,67 @@ msgid "" "verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:341(term) useradd.8.xml:475(term) useradd.8.xml:613(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:361(term) useradd.8.xml:485(term) useradd.8.xml:623(term) #: su.1.xml:186(term) chsh.1.xml:119(term) msgid "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" "replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:345(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:365(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank causes " "the system to select the default login shell." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:352(term) useradd.8.xml:489(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:372(term) useradd.8.xml:499(term) msgid "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</" "replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:356(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:376(para) msgid "The new numerical value of the user's ID." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:359(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:379(para) msgid "" "This value must be unique, unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. " "The value must be non-negative." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:364(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:384(para) msgid "" "The user's mailbox, and any files which the user owns and which are located " "in the user's home directory will have the file user ID changed " "automatically." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:369(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:389(para) msgid "" "The ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed " "manually." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:373(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:393(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>UID_MIN</option>, " "<option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>SYS_UID_MIN</option>, or " "<option>SYS_UID_MAX</option> from <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:382(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:386(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) msgid "" "Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the encrypted " "password. You can't use this option with <option>-p</option> or <option>-L</" "option>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:391(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:411(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), " "you should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> (for example " @@ -1041,7 +1052,7 @@ msgid "" "from <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>)." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:422(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> " @@ -1053,24 +1064,24 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INAKTIV</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:426(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate uids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:409(para) usermod.8.xml:447(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:429(para) usermod.8.xml:467(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a " "users account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:412(para) usermod.8.xml:432(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:432(para) usermod.8.xml:452(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to <option>SUB_UID_MIN</option>, " "<option>SUB_UID_MAX</option>, or <option>SUB_UID_COUNT</option> from /etc/" "login.defs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:420(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " @@ -1082,11 +1093,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>UDLØBSDATO</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:424(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) msgid "Remove a range of subordinate uids from the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:427(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:447(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subuids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1094,7 +1105,7 @@ msgid "" "happens before any subordinate uid range is added." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:460(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> " @@ -1106,18 +1117,18 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INAKTIV</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:464(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate gids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:450(para) usermod.8.xml:470(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:470(para) usermod.8.xml:490(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to <option>SUB_GID_MIN</option>, " "<option>SUB_GID_MAX</option>, or <option>SUB_GID_COUNT</option> from /etc/" "login.defs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " @@ -1129,11 +1140,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>UDLØBSDATO</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) msgid "Remove a range of subordinate gids from the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:465(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subgids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1141,32 +1152,32 @@ msgid "" "happens before any subordinate gid range is added." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) useradd.8.xml:524(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:498(term) useradd.8.xml:534(term) msgid "" "<option>-Z</option>, <option>--selinux-user</option> " "<replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:502(para) msgid "The new SELinux user for the user's login." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:505(para) msgid "" "A blank <replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable> will remove the SELinux user " "mapping for user <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> (if any)." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:496(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:641(title) +#: usermod.8.xml:516(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:651(title) #: su.1.xml:330(title) shadow.3.xml:218(title) passwd.1.xml:377(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:350(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) #: groupdel.8.xml:133(title) groupadd.8.xml:274(title) gpasswd.1.xml:252(title) #: faillog.8.xml:232(title) chpasswd.8.xml:231(title) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:186(title) msgid "CAVEATS" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:497(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:517(para) msgid "" "You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes " "when this command is being executed if the user's numerical user ID, the " @@ -1175,13 +1186,13 @@ msgid "" "uses utmp to check if the user is logged in." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:504(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:524(para) msgid "" "You must change the owner of any <command>crontab</command> files or " "<command>at</command> jobs manually." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:508(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:528(para) msgid "You must make any changes involving NIS on the NIS server." msgstr "" @@ -1435,10 +1446,10 @@ msgid "" "algorithm: <placeholder-1/>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:547(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:745(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:567(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:755(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) #: pwconv.8.xml:253(filename) passwd.1.xml:428(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:424(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:436(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) #: login.1.xml:389(filename) groupmod.8.xml:237(filename) #: groupadd.8.xml:265(filename) chsh.1.xml:182(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:270(filename) chgpasswd.8.xml:228(filename) @@ -1446,39 +1457,39 @@ msgstr "" msgid "/etc/login.defs" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:549(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:747(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:569(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:757(para) #: su.1.xml:383(para) pwconv.8.xml:255(para) passwd.1.xml:430(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:239(para) groupadd.8.xml:267(para) chsh.1.xml:184(para) #: chpasswd.8.xml:272(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:230(para) chfn.1.xml:212(para) msgid "Shadow password suite configuration." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:565(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:733(filename) newusers.8.xml:436(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:585(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:743(filename) newusers.8.xml:448(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/suauth" msgid "/etc/subgid" msgstr "/etc/suauth" -#: usermod.8.xml:567(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:735(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:587(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:745(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:450(para) msgid "Per user subordinate group IDs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:571(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:739(filename) newusers.8.xml:442(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:591(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:749(filename) newusers.8.xml:454(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/suauth" msgid "/etc/subuid" msgstr "/etc/suauth" -#: usermod.8.xml:573(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:741(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:593(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:751(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:456(para) msgid "Per user subordinate user IDs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:581(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:601(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>vi</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" @@ -1665,58 +1676,58 @@ msgid "" "the user." msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:754(title) su.1.xml:390(title) -#: pwck.8.xml:293(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) +#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:764(title) su.1.xml:390(title) +#: pwck.8.xml:303(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) #: groupmod.8.xml:252(title) groupdel.8.xml:175(title) -#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:278(title) +#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:284(title) msgid "EXIT VALUES" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:759(replaceable) -#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:298(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:769(replaceable) +#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:308(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:448(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:250(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:257(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:180(replaceable) -#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:283(replaceable) +#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) msgid "0" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:761(para) pwck.8.xml:300(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:771(para) pwck.8.xml:310(para) #: passwd.1.xml:450(para) grpck.8.xml:252(para) groupdel.8.xml:182(para) -#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:285(para) +#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) msgid "success" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:765(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:775(replaceable) #: su.1.xml:75(manvolnum) su.1.xml:415(replaceable) sg.1.xml:59(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:304(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:314(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) #: passwd.1.xml:454(replaceable) newgrp.1.xml:59(manvolnum) #: login.1.xml:91(manvolnum) grpck.8.xml:256(replaceable) #: groups.1.xml:58(manvolnum) gpasswd.1.xml:63(manvolnum) #: expiry.1.xml:62(manvolnum) chsh.1.xml:61(manvolnum) chfn.1.xml:61(manvolnum) -#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) msgid "1" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:767(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:777(para) msgid "can't update password file" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:771(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:310(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:781(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:320(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:262(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:263(replaceable) #: groupdel.8.xml:186(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:307(replaceable) -#: chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) msgid "2" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:773(para) pwck.8.xml:306(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:783(para) pwck.8.xml:316(para) #: grpck.8.xml:258(para) groupdel.8.xml:188(para) groupadd.8.xml:309(para) -#: chage.1.xml:297(para) +#: chage.1.xml:303(para) msgid "invalid command syntax" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:789(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:334(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:799(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:344(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:281(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:192(replaceable) msgid "6" msgstr "" @@ -1729,18 +1740,18 @@ msgstr "" msgid "user currently logged in" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:801(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:811(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:293(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:204(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:331(replaceable) msgid "10" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:803(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:813(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:333(para) msgid "can't update group file" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:807(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:817(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:305(replaceable) msgid "12" msgstr "" @@ -1868,13 +1879,17 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>useradd</command> command are:" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:130(term) useradd.8.xml:548(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:131(option) pwck.8.xml:187(option) newusers.8.xml:272(option) +msgid "--badname" +msgstr "" + +#: useradd.8.xml:140(term) useradd.8.xml:558(term) msgid "" "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" "replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The default base directory for the system if <option>-d</option> " "<replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> is not specified. <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" @@ -1883,20 +1898,20 @@ msgid "" "<replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> must exist." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:141(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:151(para) msgid "" "If this option is not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the " "base directory specified by the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/" "etc/default/useradd</filename>, or <filename>/home</filename> by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:155(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:165(para) msgid "" "Any text string. It is generally a short description of the login, and is " "currently used as the field for the user's full name." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:163(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:173(term) msgid "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -1904,7 +1919,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> " "<replaceable>HJEMMEMAPPE</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:167(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:177(para) msgid "" "The new user will be created using <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> as " "the value for the user's login directory. The default is to append the " @@ -1914,42 +1929,42 @@ msgid "" "created if it is missing." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:179(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:189(term) msgid "<option>-D</option>, <option>--defaults</option>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:183(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:193(para) msgid "See below, the subsection \"Changing the default values\"." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:197(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:207(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default expiry " "date specified by the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>, or an empty string (no expiry) by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently " "disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has " "expired, and a value of -1 disables the feature." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:216(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:226(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default inactivity " "period specified by the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>, or -1 by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:229(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:239(para) msgid "" "The group name or number of the user's initial login group. The group name " "must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:234(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "If not specified, the behavior of <command>useradd</command> will depend on " "the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> variable in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" @@ -1963,7 +1978,7 @@ msgid "" "default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:256(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:266(para) msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " "group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. " @@ -1972,43 +1987,43 @@ msgid "" "the initial group." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:273(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:283(term) msgid "" "<option>-k</option>, <option>--skel</option> <replaceable>SKEL_DIR</" "replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:277(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:287(para) msgid "" "The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in " "the user's home directory, when the home directory is created by " "<command>useradd</command>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:282(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid if the <option>-m</option> (or <option>--create-" "home</option>) option is specified." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:286(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:296(para) msgid "" "If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the " "<option>SKEL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> " "or, by default, <filename>/etc/skel</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) msgid "If possible, the ACLs and extended attributes are copied." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:298(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:308(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) msgid "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VALUE</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:312(para) msgid "" "Overrides <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> defaults (<option>UID_MIN</" "option>, <option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>UMASK</option>, " @@ -2022,62 +2037,62 @@ msgid "" "<replaceable>UID_MAX</replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:323(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:333(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--no-log-init</option>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:325(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:335(para) msgid "Do not add the user to the lastlog and faillog databases." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:328(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:338(para) msgid "" "By default, the user's entries in the lastlog and faillog databases are " "reset to avoid reusing the entry from a previously deleted user." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:336(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:346(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:340(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:350(para) msgid "" "Create the user's home directory if it does not exist. The files and " "directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with " "the <option>-k</option> option) will be copied to the home directory." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:346(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:356(para) msgid "" "By default, if this option is not specified and <option>CREATE_HOME</option> " "is not enabled, no home directories are created." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:354(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:364(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" msgid "<option>-M</option>, <option>--no-create-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:358(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:368(para) msgid "" "Do no create the user's home directory, even if the system wide setting from " "<filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> (<option>CREATE_HOME</option>) is set " "to <replaceable>yes</replaceable>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:367(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:377(term) msgid "<option>-N</option>, <option>--no-user-group</option>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:371(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:381(para) msgid "" "Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to " "the group specified by the <option>-g</option> option or by the " "<option>GROUP</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:377(para) useradd.8.xml:515(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:387(para) useradd.8.xml:525(para) msgid "" "The default behavior (if the <option>-g</option>, <option>-N</option>, and " "<option>-U</option> options are not specified) is defined by the " @@ -2085,31 +2100,31 @@ msgid "" "filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:390(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:400(para) msgid "Allow the creation of a user account with a duplicate (non-unique) UID." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:391(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:401(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-u</option> option." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:402(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "" "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The default is to " "disable the password." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:419(term) newusers.8.xml:289(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:429(term) newusers.8.xml:301(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--system</option>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:423(para) newusers.8.xml:293(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:433(para) newusers.8.xml:305(para) msgid "Create a system account." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:426(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:436(para) msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the " @@ -2119,7 +2134,7 @@ msgid "" "the creation of groups)." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:435(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:445(para) msgid "" "Note that <command>useradd</command> will not create a home directory for " "such a user, regardless of the default setting in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" @@ -2128,7 +2143,7 @@ msgid "" "created." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:479(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:489(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's login shell. The default is to leave this field " "blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell specified " @@ -2136,7 +2151,7 @@ msgid "" "filename>, or an empty string by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:493(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:503(para) msgid "" "The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the " "<option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be non-negative. The " @@ -2144,33 +2159,33 @@ msgid "" "<option>UID_MIN</option> and greater than every other user." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:500(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:510(para) msgid "" "See also the <option>-r</option> option and the <option>UID_MAX</option> " "description." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:507(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:517(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--user-group</option>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:511(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:521(para) msgid "" "Create a group with the same name as the user, and add the user to this " "group." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:528(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:538(para) msgid "" "The SELinux user for the user's login. The default is to leave this field " "blank, which causes the system to select the default SELinux user." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:538(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:548(title) msgid "Changing the default values" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:539(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:549(para) msgid "" "When invoked with only the <option>-D</option> option, <command>useradd</" "command> will display the current default values. When invoked with <option>-" @@ -2178,7 +2193,7 @@ msgid "" "default values for the specified options. Valid default-changing options are:" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:552(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:562(para) msgid "" "The path prefix for a new user's home directory. The user's name will be " "affixed to the end of <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> to form the new " @@ -2186,23 +2201,23 @@ msgid "" "when creating a new account." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:559(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:569(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:570(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:580(para) msgid "The date on which the user account is disabled." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:571(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:581(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:582(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:592(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password has expired before the account will be " "disabled." @@ -2210,7 +2225,7 @@ msgstr "" "Antallet af dage efter en adgangskode er udløbet før kontoen vil blive " "deaktiveret." -#: useradd.8.xml:586(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:596(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2218,7 +2233,7 @@ msgstr "" "Dette tilvalg sætter variablen <option>INACTIVE</option> i <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:597(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:607(para) msgid "" "The group name or ID for a new user's initial group (when the <option>-N/--" "no-user-group</option> is used or when the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> " @@ -2227,27 +2242,27 @@ msgid "" "have an existing entry." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:606(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:616(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>GROUP</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:617(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:627(para) msgid "The name of a new user's login shell." msgstr "Navnet på en ny brugers logindskal." -#: useradd.8.xml:620(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:630(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>SHELL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:632(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:642(title) msgid "NOTES" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:633(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:643(para) msgid "" "The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files " "in the <filename>/etc/skel/</filename> directory (or any other skeleton " @@ -2255,7 +2270,7 @@ msgid "" "command line)." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:642(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:652(para) msgid "" "You may not add a user to a NIS or LDAP group. This must be performed on the " "corresponding server." @@ -2263,21 +2278,21 @@ msgstr "" "Du kan ikke tilføje en bruger til en NIS eller LDAP-gruppe. Dette skal " "udføres på den tilsvarende server." -#: useradd.8.xml:647(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:657(para) msgid "" "Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such " "as NIS or LDAP, <command>useradd</command> will deny the user account " "creation request." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:653(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:663(para) msgid "" "Usernames must start with a lower case letter or an underscore, followed by " "lower case letters, digits, underscores, or dashes. They can end with a " "dollar sign. In regular expression terms: [a-z_][a-z0-9_-]*[$]?" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:659(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:669(para) msgid "Usernames may only be up to 32 characters long." msgstr "Brugernavne må kun være op til 32 tegn lange." @@ -2476,71 +2491,71 @@ msgid "" "It is also used by <command>pam_umask</command> as the default umask value." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:721(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:731(filename) msgid "/etc/default/useradd" msgstr "/etc/default/useradd" -#: useradd.8.xml:723(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:733(para) msgid "Default values for account creation." msgstr "Standardværdier for kontooprettelse." -#: useradd.8.xml:727(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:737(filename) msgid "/etc/skel/" msgstr "/etc/skel/" -#: useradd.8.xml:729(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:739(para) msgid "Directory containing default files." msgstr "Mappe indeholdende standardfiler." -#: useradd.8.xml:777(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:316(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:787(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:326(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:268(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:269(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:313(replaceable) msgid "3" msgstr "3" -#: useradd.8.xml:779(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:789(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) msgid "invalid argument to option" msgstr "Ugyldigt argument for tilvalg" -#: useradd.8.xml:783(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:322(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:793(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:332(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:472(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:274(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:275(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:319(replaceable) msgid "4" msgstr "4" -#: useradd.8.xml:785(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:795(para) msgid "UID already in use (and no <option>-o</option>)" msgstr "UID er allerede i brug (og intet <option>-o</option>)" -#: useradd.8.xml:791(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:801(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) msgid "specified group doesn't exist" msgstr "angivet gruppe findes ikke" -#: useradd.8.xml:795(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:805(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:325(replaceable) msgid "9" msgstr "9" -#: useradd.8.xml:797(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:807(para) msgid "username already in use" msgstr "brugernavn er allerede i brug" -#: useradd.8.xml:809(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:819(para) msgid "can't create home directory" msgstr "kan ikke oprette hjemmemappe" -#: useradd.8.xml:813(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:823(replaceable) #, fuzzy #| msgid "4" msgid "14" msgstr "4" -#: useradd.8.xml:815(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:825(para) msgid "can't update SELinux user mapping" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:755(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:765(para) msgid "" "The <command>useradd</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -2548,7 +2563,7 @@ msgstr "" "Kommandoen <command>useradd</command> findes med de følgende værdier: " "<placeholder-1/>" -#: useradd.8.xml:824(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:834(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>vi</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" @@ -2606,7 +2621,7 @@ msgid "suauth" msgstr "" #: suauth.5.xml:58(manvolnum) shadow.5.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:328(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:338(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) #: passwd.5.xml:58(manvolnum) passwd.1.xml:478(replaceable) #: login.defs.5.xml:124(manvolnum) login.access.5.xml:59(manvolnum) #: limits.5.xml:60(manvolnum) gshadow.5.xml:47(manvolnum) @@ -3399,21 +3414,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "encrypted password" msgstr "" -#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) -msgid "" -"Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" -"manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." -msgstr "" - -#: shadow.5.xml:103(para) -msgid "" -"If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix " -"password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)." -msgstr "" - -#: shadow.5.xml:110(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) msgid "" "This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to " "authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which " @@ -3421,13 +3422,27 @@ msgid "" "access at all if the password field is empty." msgstr "" -#: shadow.5.xml:117(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:105(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) msgid "" "A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the " "password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the " "password field before the password was locked." msgstr "" +#: shadow.5.xml:111(para) passwd.5.xml:126(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) +msgid "" +"Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" +"manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." +msgstr "" + +#: shadow.5.xml:116(para) passwd.5.xml:131(para) +msgid "" +"If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" +"citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix " +"password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)." +msgstr "" + #: shadow.5.xml:127(emphasis) msgid "date of last password change" msgstr "" @@ -3571,7 +3586,7 @@ msgstr "/etc/shadow-" msgid "Backup file for /etc/shadow." msgstr "Sikkerhedskopi for /etc/shadow." -#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:159(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:178(para) msgid "" "Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow toolsuite, but not by " "all user and password management tools." @@ -4060,35 +4075,35 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>pwck</command> command are:" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:194(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:204(para) msgid "" "Report errors only. The warnings which do not require any action from the " "user won't be displayed." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:201(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:211(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--read-only</option>" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:203(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:213(para) msgid "Execute the <command>pwck</command> command in read-only mode." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:221(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:231(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:233(para) msgid "" "Sort entries in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</" "filename> by UID." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:227(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:237(para) msgid "This option has no effect when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:234(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "By default, <command>pwck</command> operates on the files <filename>/etc/" "passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename><phrase condition=\"tcb" @@ -4097,34 +4112,34 @@ msgid "" "<replaceable>shadow</replaceable> parameters." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:243(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) msgid "" "Note that when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled, you cannot specify an " "alternative <replaceable>shadow</replaceable> file. In future releases, this " "parameter could be replaced by an alternate TCB directory." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:312(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:322(para) msgid "one or more bad password entries" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:318(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:328(para) msgid "can't open password files" msgstr "kan ikke åbne adgangskodefiler" -#: pwck.8.xml:324(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:334(para) msgid "can't lock password files" msgstr "kan ikke låse adgangskodefiler" -#: pwck.8.xml:330(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:340(para) msgid "can't update password files" msgstr "kan ikke opdatere adgangskodefiler" -#: pwck.8.xml:336(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:346(para) msgid "can't sort password files" msgstr "kan ikke sortere adgangskodefiler" -#: pwck.8.xml:294(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:304(para) msgid "" "The <command>pwck</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -4132,7 +4147,7 @@ msgstr "" "Kommandoen <command>pwck</command> findes med de følgende værdier: " "<placeholder-1/>" -#: pwck.8.xml:345(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:355(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>grpck</" @@ -4271,37 +4286,46 @@ msgstr "" #: passwd.5.xml:100(para) msgid "" -"The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is " -"required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some " -"applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may decide " -"not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the <emphasis>password</" -"emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted " -"password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" -"refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there " -"<emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/" -"shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. If the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then it will be " -"treated as an encrypted password, as specified by " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>." +"If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, " +"then the encrypted password is actually stored in the " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" +"citerefentry> file instead; there <emphasis>must</emphasis> be a " +"corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file, or else the " +"user account is invalid." +msgstr "" + +#: passwd.5.xml:109(para) +msgid "" +"The encrypted <emphasis>password</emphasis> field may be empty, in which " +"case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. " +"However, some applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " +"file may decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " +"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank." +msgstr "" + +#: passwd.5.xml:118(para) +msgid "" +"A <emphasis>password</emphasis> field which starts with an exclamation mark " +"means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line " +"represent the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field before the password was " +"locked." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:119(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:138(para) msgid "" "The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as " "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:125(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. " "The <command>login</command> program uses this information to set the value " "of the <envar>$HOME</envar> environmental variable." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:131(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:150(para) msgid "" "The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command " "language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute. The " @@ -4310,19 +4334,19 @@ msgid "" "defaults to the value <filename>/bin/sh</filename>." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:152(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:171(para) msgid "optional encrypted password file" msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:156(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:175(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd-" msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:158(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:177(para) msgid "Backup file for /etc/passwd." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:170(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:189(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getent</" @@ -4542,7 +4566,7 @@ msgid "" "replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:168(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:174(para) msgid "" "Set the minimum number of days between password changes to " "<replaceable>MIN_DAYS</replaceable>. A value of zero for this field " @@ -4611,7 +4635,7 @@ msgid "" "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable>, the password is required to be changed." msgstr "" -#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:189(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:195(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as " "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> will remove checking a password's " @@ -4809,7 +4833,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "PAM configuration for <command>passwd</command>." msgstr "PAM-konfiguration for <command>passwd</command>." -#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:297(para) msgid "permission denied" msgstr "tilladelse nægtet" @@ -5113,15 +5137,15 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>newusers</command> command are:" msgstr "Tilvalgene som gælder for kommandoen <command>newusers</command> er:" -#: newusers.8.xml:271(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) msgid "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" msgstr "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:273(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) msgid "Use the specified method to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "Brug den angivne metode til at kryptere adgangskoderne." -#: newusers.8.xml:274(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:286(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) msgid "" "The available methods are DES, MD5, NONE, and SHA256 or SHA512 if your libc " "support these methods." @@ -5129,7 +5153,7 @@ msgstr "" "De tilgængelige metoder er DES, Md5, NONE og SHA256 eller SHA512 hvis din " "libc understøtter disse metoder." -#: newusers.8.xml:296(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:308(para) msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the " @@ -5145,15 +5169,15 @@ msgstr "" "<option>UID_MAX</option> (og deres <option>GID</option>-modparte for " "oprettelsen af grupper.)." -#: newusers.8.xml:322(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:334(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sha-rounds</option>" msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sha-rounds</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:324(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:336(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) msgid "Use the specified number of rounds to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "Brug det angivet antal rundet til at kryhptere adgangskoderne." -#: newusers.8.xml:327(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) msgid "" "The value 0 means that the system will choose the default number of rounds " "for the crypt method (5000)." @@ -5161,19 +5185,19 @@ msgstr "" "Værdien 0 betyder at systemet vil vælge antallet af standardrunder for " "krypteringsmetoden (5000)." -#: newusers.8.xml:331(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:343(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) msgid "" "A minimal value of 1000 and a maximal value of 999,999,999 will be enforced." msgstr "" "En minimusværdi på 1000 og en maksimumsværdi på 999.999.999 vil blive " "påtvunget." -#: newusers.8.xml:335(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:347(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "You can only use this option with the SHA256 or SHA512 crypt method." msgstr "" "Du kan kun bruge dette tilvalg med SHA256- eller SHA512-krypteringsmetoden." -#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) msgid "" "By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and " "SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." @@ -5182,14 +5206,14 @@ msgstr "" "SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS og SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS i <filename>/etc/login.defs</" "filename>." -#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:363(para) msgid "" "The input file must be protected since it contains unencrypted passwords." msgstr "" "Inddatafilen skal beskyttes da den indeholder adgangskoder der ikke er " "krypteret." -#: newusers.8.xml:355(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:367(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the passwords and the encryption method respect the " "system's password policy." @@ -5197,15 +5221,15 @@ msgstr "" "Du skal sikre dig at adgangskoderne og krypteringsmetoden respekterer " "systemets adgangskodepolitik." -#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:442(filename) msgid "/etc/pam.d/newusers" msgstr "/etc/pam.d/newusers" -#: newusers.8.xml:432(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) msgid "PAM configuration for <command>newusers</command>." msgstr "PAM-konfiguration for <command>newusers</command>." -#: newusers.8.xml:452(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:464(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>vi</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" @@ -6489,7 +6513,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #: lastlog.8.xml:193(title) groups.1.xml:90(title) chsh.1.xml:140(title) -#: chage.1.xml:231(title) +#: chage.1.xml:237(title) msgid "NOTE" msgstr "" @@ -7067,7 +7091,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The superuser can specify which group membership list to modify." msgstr "" -#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:154(term) +#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:160(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" msgstr "" @@ -7705,7 +7729,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Force a password change if the current user has an expired password." msgstr "" -#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:312(para) +#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:318(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" @@ -8127,12 +8151,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #: chage.1.xml:135(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option>" +msgid "<option>-i</option>, <option>--iso8601</option>" +msgstr "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option>" + +#: chage.1.xml:137(para) +msgid "When printing dates, use YYYY-MM-DD format." +msgstr "" + +#: chage.1.xml:141(term) msgid "" "<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:139(para) +#: chage.1.xml:145(para) msgid "" "Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the " "account is locked. The <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> option is the " @@ -8140,29 +8174,29 @@ msgid "" "the system administrator before being able to use the system again." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:146(para) +#: chage.1.xml:152(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as the " "<replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> will remove an account's inactivity." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:158(para) +#: chage.1.xml:164(para) msgid "Show account aging information." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:164(term) +#: chage.1.xml:170(term) msgid "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DAYS</" "replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:176(term) +#: chage.1.xml:182(term) msgid "" "<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option> <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</" "replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:180(para) +#: chage.1.xml:186(para) msgid "" "Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid. When " "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> plus <replaceable>LAST_DAY</replaceable> " @@ -8172,13 +8206,13 @@ msgid "" "provides the user with advance warning." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:209(term) +#: chage.1.xml:215(term) msgid "" "<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option> " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:213(para) +#: chage.1.xml:219(para) msgid "" "Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable> option is the number of days prior to " @@ -8186,7 +8220,7 @@ msgid "" "expire." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:222(para) +#: chage.1.xml:228(para) msgid "" "If none of the options are selected, <command>chage</command> operates in an " "interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of " @@ -8195,7 +8229,7 @@ msgid "" "<emphasis>[ ]</emphasis> marks." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:232(para) +#: chage.1.xml:238(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> program requires a shadow password file to be " "available." @@ -8203,7 +8237,7 @@ msgstr "" "Programmet <command>chage</command> kræver at en adgangskodefil for shadow " "er tilgængelig." -#: chage.1.xml:236(para) +#: chage.1.xml:242(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command is restricted to the root user, except " "for the <option>-l</option> option, which may be used by an unprivileged " @@ -8214,15 +8248,15 @@ msgstr "" "upriviligeret bruger til at bestemme hvornår denne brugers adgangskode eller " "konto står til at udløbe." -#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:307(replaceable) msgid "15" msgstr "15" -#: chage.1.xml:303(para) +#: chage.1.xml:309(para) msgid "can't find the shadow password file" msgstr "Kan ikke finde shadows adgangskodefil" -#: chage.1.xml:279(para) +#: chage.1.xml:285(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" diff --git a/man/po/de.po b/man/po/de.po index 34bdfb63..584e572c 100644 --- a/man/po/de.po +++ b/man/po/de.po @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: shadow-man-pages\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-06-13 11:47-0500\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-01 11:37-0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2013-08-23 01:36+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Simon Brandmair <sbrandmair@gmx.net>\n" "Language-Team: debian-l10n-german <http://lists.debian.org/debian-l10n-" @@ -322,9 +322,9 @@ msgstr "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>" msgid "Edit group database." msgstr "bearbeitet die Gruppendatenbank" -#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:267(term) -#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:186(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) -#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:277(term) +#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:196(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:295(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:129(term) groupmems.8.xml:142(term) groupdel.8.xml:95(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:131(term) gpasswd.1.xml:173(term) faillog.8.xml:122(term) #: expiry.1.xml:112(term) chsh.1.xml:101(term) chpasswd.8.xml:171(term) @@ -332,9 +332,9 @@ msgstr "bearbeitet die Gruppendatenbank" msgid "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" msgstr "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" -#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:269(para) -#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:188(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:279(para) +#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:198(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:297(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:131(para) groupmems.8.xml:144(para) groupdel.8.xml:97(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:133(para) gpasswd.1.xml:175(para) faillog.8.xml:124(para) #: expiry.1.xml:114(para) chsh.1.xml:103(para) chpasswd.8.xml:173(para) @@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ msgstr "<option>-p</option>, <option>--passwd</option>" msgid "Edit passwd database." msgstr "bearbeitet die Passwd-Datenbank" -#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:192(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:202(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) msgid "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" @@ -358,13 +358,13 @@ msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgid "Quiet mode." msgstr "stiller Modus" -#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:312(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) -#: useradd.8.xml:446(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:209(term) -#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:308(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:332(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:456(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:219(term) +#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:320(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) #: grpck.8.xml:173(term) groupmod.8.xml:178(term) groupmems.8.xml:165(term) #: groupdel.8.xml:101(term) groupadd.8.xml:204(term) faillog.8.xml:180(term) #: chsh.1.xml:107(term) chpasswd.8.xml:188(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:146(term) -#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:197(term) +#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:203(term) msgid "" "<option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option> <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -372,13 +372,13 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option> <replaceable>CHROOT_VERZ</" "replaceable>" -#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:316(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:450(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:213(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:312(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:336(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:460(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:324(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) #: grpck.8.xml:177(para) groupmod.8.xml:182(para) groupmems.8.xml:169(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:105(para) groupadd.8.xml:208(para) gpasswd.1.xml:185(para) #: faillog.8.xml:184(para) chsh.1.xml:111(para) chpasswd.8.xml:192(para) -#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:201(para) +#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:207(para) msgid "" "Apply changes in the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> directory and use " "the configuration files from the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> " @@ -404,26 +404,26 @@ msgstr "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option>" msgid "Indicates which user's tcb shadow file to edit." msgstr "bestimmt, welche Tcb-Shadow-Datei des Benutzers bearbeitet werden soll" -#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:514(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:665(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:252(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:534(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:675(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:262(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:374(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:205(title) grpck.8.xml:209(title) groupmod.8.xml:210(title) #: groupmems.8.xml:199(title) groupdel.8.xml:145(title) #: groupadd.8.xml:236(title) gpasswd.1.xml:264(title) chsh.1.xml:154(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:239(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:198(title) chfn.1.xml:193(title) -#: chage.1.xml:244(title) +#: chage.1.xml:250(title) msgid "CONFIGURATION" msgstr "KONFIGURATION" -#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:515(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:666(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) -#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:363(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:535(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:676(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:263(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:375(para) #: newgrp.1.xml:110(para) login.1.xml:295(para) lastlog.8.xml:206(para) #: grpck.8.xml:210(para) groupmod.8.xml:211(para) groupmems.8.xml:200(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:146(para) groupadd.8.xml:237(para) gpasswd.1.xml:265(para) #: chsh.1.xml:155(para) chpasswd.8.xml:240(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:199(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:245(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:251(para) msgid "" "The following configuration variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" "filename> change the behavior of this tool:" @@ -469,11 +469,11 @@ msgstr "EDITOR" msgid "Editor to be used if <option>VISUAL</option> is not set." msgstr "der verwendete Editor, wenn <option>VISUAL</option> nicht gesetzt ist" -#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:532(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:694(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:552(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:704(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) #: sg.1.xml:110(title) shadow.5.xml:255(title) shadow.3.xml:226(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:269(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:141(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:397(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:279(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:160(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:409(title) #: newgrp.1.xml:121(title) logoutd.8.xml:89(title) #: login.access.5.xml:121(title) login.1.xml:338(title) limits.5.xml:196(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:217(title) gshadow.5.xml:156(title) grpck.8.xml:221(title) @@ -481,13 +481,13 @@ msgstr "der verwendete Editor, wenn <option>VISUAL</option> nicht gesetzt ist" #: groupdel.8.xml:157(title) groupadd.8.xml:250(title) gpasswd.1.xml:279(title) #: faillog.8.xml:243(title) faillog.5.xml:96(title) expiry.1.xml:121(title) #: chsh.1.xml:167(title) chpasswd.8.xml:255(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:213(title) -#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:256(title) +#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:262(title) msgid "FILES" msgstr "DATEIEN" -#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:535(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:709(filename) -#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:272(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:555(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:719(filename) +#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:282(filename) newusers.8.xml:424(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:136(filename) gshadow.5.xml:159(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:224(filename) groups.1.xml:103(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:225(filename) groupmems.8.xml:214(filename) @@ -497,18 +497,18 @@ msgstr "DATEIEN" msgid "/etc/group" msgstr "/etc/group" -#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:537(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:711(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:274(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:557(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:721(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:284(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) #: grpck.8.xml:226(para) groups.1.xml:105(para) groupmod.8.xml:227(para) #: groupmems.8.xml:216(para) groupdel.8.xml:162(para) groupadd.8.xml:255(para) #: gpasswd.1.xml:284(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:218(para) msgid "Group account information." msgstr "Informationen zu den Gruppenkonten" -#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:541(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:715(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:561(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:725(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) #: gshadow.5.xml:165(filename) grpck.8.xml:230(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:231(filename) groupmems.8.xml:220(filename) #: groupdel.8.xml:166(filename) groupadd.8.xml:259(filename) @@ -518,64 +518,64 @@ msgid "/etc/gshadow" msgstr "/etc/gshadow" # type: Plain text -#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:543(para) useradd.8.xml:717(para) -#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:563(para) useradd.8.xml:727(para) +#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:432(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) #: gshadow.5.xml:167(para) grpck.8.xml:232(para) groupmod.8.xml:233(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:168(para) groupadd.8.xml:261(para) gpasswd.1.xml:290(para) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:224(para) msgid "Secure group account information." msgstr "sichere Informationen zu den Gruppenkonten" -#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:553(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:697(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:573(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:707(filename) #: su.1.xml:369(filename) sg.1.xml:113(filename) shadow.5.xml:258(filename) -#: pwck.8.xml:278(filename) passwd.5.xml:144(filename) -#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:400(filename) +#: pwck.8.xml:288(filename) passwd.5.xml:163(filename) +#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:124(filename) login.1.xml:353(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:236(filename) groupmod.8.xml:243(filename) #: expiry.1.xml:124(filename) chsh.1.xml:170(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:258(filename) chfn.1.xml:216(filename) -#: chage.1.xml:260(filename) +#: chage.1.xml:266(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd" msgstr "/etc/passwd" -#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:555(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:699(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:280(para) passwd.5.xml:146(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:402(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:575(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:709(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:290(para) passwd.5.xml:165(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) #: login.1.xml:355(para) grpck.8.xml:238(para) groupmod.8.xml:245(para) #: expiry.1.xml:126(para) chsh.1.xml:172(para) chpasswd.8.xml:260(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:263(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:269(para) msgid "User account information." msgstr "Informationen zu den Benutzerkonten" -#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:559(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:703(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:579(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:713(filename) #: su.1.xml:375(filename) sg.1.xml:119(filename) shadow.5.xml:264(filename) -#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:284(filename) -#: passwd.5.xml:150(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:406(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) +#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:294(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:169(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) #: login.1.xml:359(filename) expiry.1.xml:130(filename) -#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:268(filename) +#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:274(filename) msgid "/etc/shadow" msgstr "/etc/shadow" # type: Plain text -#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:561(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:705(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:286(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:408(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:581(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:715(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:296(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) #: login.1.xml:361(para) expiry.1.xml:132(para) chpasswd.8.xml:266(para) -#: chage.1.xml:271(para) +#: chage.1.xml:277(para) msgid "Secure user account information." msgstr "verschlüsselte Informationen zu den Benutzerkonten" -#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:580(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:823(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:600(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:833(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) #: sg.1.xml:140(title) shadow.5.xml:283(title) shadow.3.xml:238(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:344(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:169(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:451(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:354(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:188(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:463(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) #: login.defs.5.xml:543(title) login.access.5.xml:133(title) #: login.1.xml:398(title) limits.5.xml:206(title) gshadow.5.xml:174(title) #: grpck.8.xml:290(title) groups.1.xml:112(title) groupmod.8.xml:321(title) @@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ msgstr "verschlüsselte Informationen zu den Benutzerkonten" #: groupadd.8.xml:341(title) gpasswd.1.xml:297(title) faillog.8.xml:255(title) #: faillog.5.xml:108(title) expiry.1.xml:139(title) chsh.1.xml:191(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:285(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:237(title) chfn.1.xml:225(title) -#: chage.1.xml:311(title) +#: chage.1.xml:317(title) msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "SIEHE AUCH" @@ -697,7 +697,18 @@ msgstr "" "Fügt den Benutzer weiteren Gruppen hinzu. Kann nur zusammen mit der Option " "<option>-G</option> verwendet werden." -#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) useradd.8.xml:151(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) usermod.8.xml:122(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" +msgid "<option>-b</option>, <option>--badnames</option>" +msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" + +#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) usermod.8.xml:126(para) useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:190(para) newusers.8.xml:275(para) +msgid "Allow names that do not conform to standards." +msgstr "" + +#: usermod.8.xml:132(term) useradd.8.xml:161(term) msgid "" "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> <replaceable>COMMENT</" "replaceable>" @@ -705,7 +716,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> <replaceable>KOMMENTAR</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:136(para) msgid "" "The new value of the user's password file comment field. It is normally " "modified using the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" @@ -715,7 +726,7 @@ msgstr "" "normalerweise mit dem Werkzeug <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> verändert." -#: usermod.8.xml:125(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:145(term) msgid "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -723,11 +734,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option> <replaceable>HOME_VERZ</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:129(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) msgid "The user's new login directory." msgstr "das neue Home-Verzeichnis des Benutzers" -#: usermod.8.xml:132(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:152(para) msgid "" "If the <option>-m</option> option is given, the contents of the current home " "directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it " @@ -737,7 +748,7 @@ msgstr "" "aktuellen Home-Verzeichnisses in das neue Home-Verzeichnis verschoben. Falls " "dieses nicht existiert, wird es angelegt." -#: usermod.8.xml:141(term) useradd.8.xml:189(term) useradd.8.xml:566(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:199(term) useradd.8.xml:576(term) msgid "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>" @@ -745,7 +756,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>VERFALLS_DATUM</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:145(para) useradd.8.xml:193(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) useradd.8.xml:203(para) msgid "" "The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified " "in the format <emphasis remap=\"I\">YYYY-MM-DD</emphasis>." @@ -753,7 +764,7 @@ msgstr "" "Das Datum, an welchem das Benutzerkonto deaktiviert wird. Das Datum muss im " "Format <emphasis remap=\"I\">JJJJ-MM-TT</emphasis> angegeben werden." -#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) msgid "" "An empty <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> argument will disable the " "expiration of the account." @@ -761,7 +772,7 @@ msgstr "" "Wenn das Argument <replaceable>VERFALLS_DATUM</replaceable> leer bleibt, " "wird der Verfall des Kontos deaktiviert." -#: usermod.8.xml:153(para) usermod.8.xml:174(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:173(para) usermod.8.xml:194(para) msgid "" "This option requires a <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. A <filename>/" "etc/shadow</filename> entry will be created if there were none." @@ -770,7 +781,7 @@ msgstr "" "Datei <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> leer sein sollte, wird ein Eintrag " "erstellt." -#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:206(term) useradd.8.xml:578(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:181(term) useradd.8.xml:216(term) useradd.8.xml:588(term) msgid "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" @@ -778,7 +789,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INAKTIV</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:185(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently " "disabled." @@ -786,7 +797,7 @@ msgstr "" "Die Anzahl von Tagen, nach denen ein Passwort abgelaufen ist, bis das Konto " "deaktiviert wird." -#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:189(para) msgid "" "A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a " "value of -1 disables the feature." @@ -794,7 +805,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ein Wert von 0 deaktiviert das Konto, sobald das Passwort abläuft. Ein Wert " "von -1 schaltet diese Funktion ab." -#: usermod.8.xml:182(term) useradd.8.xml:225(term) useradd.8.xml:593(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:202(term) useradd.8.xml:235(term) useradd.8.xml:603(term) msgid "" "<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option> <replaceable>GROUP</" "replaceable>" @@ -802,7 +813,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option> <replaceable>GRUPPE</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:186(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:206(para) msgid "" "The group name or number of the user's new initial login group. The group " "must exist." @@ -810,7 +821,7 @@ msgstr "" "Der Name oder die Zahl der anfänglichen Anmeldegruppe eines neuen Benutzers. " "Der Gruppenname muss existieren." -#: usermod.8.xml:190(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:210(para) msgid "" "Any file from the user's home directory owned by the previous primary group " "of the user will be owned by this new group." @@ -818,7 +829,7 @@ msgstr "" "Jede Datei im Home-Verzeichnis des Benutzers, die der alten Hauptgruppe des " "Benutzers gehörte, wird dieser neuen Gruppe gehören." -#: usermod.8.xml:194(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:214(para) msgid "" "The group ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be " "fixed manually." @@ -826,7 +837,7 @@ msgstr "" "Die Gruppenzugehörigkeit von Dateien außerhalb des Home-Verzeichnisses des " "Benutzers muss per Hand angepasst werden." -#: usermod.8.xml:201(term) useradd.8.xml:252(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) useradd.8.xml:262(term) msgid "" "<option>-G</option>, <option>--groups</option> <replaceable>GROUP1</" "replaceable>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GROUP2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap=\"I" @@ -836,7 +847,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GRUPPE_2, ...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap=" "\"I\">,GRUPPE_N</emphasis>]]]" -#: usermod.8.xml:205(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " "group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. " @@ -848,7 +859,7 @@ msgstr "" "Gruppen unterliegen denselben Beschränkungen wie die Gruppe, die mit der " "Option <option>-g</option> bestimmt wurde." -#: usermod.8.xml:212(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:232(para) msgid "" "If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user " "will be removed from the group. This behaviour can be changed via the " @@ -860,7 +871,7 @@ msgstr "" "Option <option>-a</option> abgeschaltet werden. Damit wird der Benutzer nur " "den angegebenen Gruppen hinzugefügt, ohne aus den übrigen gelöscht zu werden." -#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:241(term) msgid "" "<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option> <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</" "replaceable>" @@ -868,7 +879,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option> " "<replaceable>NEUER_ANMELDENAME</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) msgid "" "The name of the user will be changed from <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> " "to <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</replaceable>. Nothing else is changed. In " @@ -881,11 +892,11 @@ msgstr "" "Verzeichnisses des Benutzers per Hand geändert werden, um dem neuen " "Anmeldenamen Rechnung zu tragen." -#: usermod.8.xml:235(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:255(term) msgid "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" msgstr "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:239(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:259(para) msgid "" "Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the encrypted password, " "effectively disabling the password. You can't use this option with <option>-" @@ -896,7 +907,7 @@ msgstr "" "abgeschaltet wird. Sie können diese Option nicht mit <option>-p</option> " "oder <option>-U</option> verwenden." -#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:265(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you " "should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> to " @@ -906,17 +917,17 @@ msgstr "" "einem Passwort), müssen Sie auch das <replaceable>VERFALLSDATUM</" "replaceable> auf <replaceable>1</replaceable> setzen." -#: usermod.8.xml:254(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--move-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--move-home</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:258(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) msgid "Move the content of the user's home directory to the new location." msgstr "" "verschiebt den Inhalt des Home-Verzeichnisses eines Benutzers zu dem neuen " "Ziel" -#: usermod.8.xml:262(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:282(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-d</option> (or " "<option>--home</option>) option." @@ -924,7 +935,7 @@ msgstr "" "Diese Option ist nur in Verbindung mit der Option <option>-d</option> (oder " "<option>--home</option>) zulässig." -#: usermod.8.xml:266(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:286(para) msgid "" "<command>usermod</command> will try to adapt the ownership of the files and " "to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be " @@ -934,13 +945,13 @@ msgstr "" "und die Rechte, ACL und erweiterten Attribute zu übernehmen, aber " "Anpassungen per Hand können dennoch notwendig sein." -#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) useradd.8.xml:386(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:294(term) useradd.8.xml:396(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:157(term) msgid "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" msgstr "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" # SB: What is that suppossed to mean? I can assign the UID 1000 twice? -#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:298(para) msgid "" "When used with the <option>-u</option> option, this option allows to change " "the user ID to a non-unique value." @@ -949,7 +960,7 @@ msgstr "" "Option der Wert der Benutzer-ID auf einen nicht eindeutigen Wert gesetzt " "werden." -#: usermod.8.xml:285(term) useradd.8.xml:398(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:305(term) useradd.8.xml:408(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:167(term) msgid "" "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option> <replaceable>PASSWORD</" @@ -958,7 +969,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option> <replaceable>PASSWORT</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:289(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:309(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) msgid "" "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>." @@ -966,7 +977,7 @@ msgstr "" "das verschlüsselte Passwort, wie es von <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> zurückgegeben wird" -#: usermod.8.xml:294(para) useradd.8.xml:407(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:314(para) useradd.8.xml:417(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:176(para) msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"bold\">Note:</emphasis> This option is not recommended " @@ -977,7 +988,7 @@ msgstr "" "empfehlenswert, weil das Passwort (auch wenn es verschlüsselt ist) für " "Benutzer sichtbar ist, die sich den Prozess anzeigen lassen." -#: usermod.8.xml:299(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:319(para) msgid "" "The password will be written in the local <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " "or <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. This might differ from the " @@ -987,7 +998,7 @@ msgstr "" "<filename>/etc/shadow</filename> geschrieben. Dies könnte von der Passwort-" "Datenbank abweichen, die Sie für PAM konfiguriert haben." -#: usermod.8.xml:305(para) useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:325(para) useradd.8.xml:422(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:181(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the password respects the system's password policy." @@ -995,7 +1006,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sie sollten sicherstellen, dass das Passwort den Passwortrichtlinien des " "Systems entspricht." -#: usermod.8.xml:324(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:344(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:468(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:190(term) groupdel.8.xml:113(term) groupadd.8.xml:216(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" @@ -1008,7 +1019,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option> <replaceable>HOME_VERZ</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:328(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:348(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:472(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:194(para) groupdel.8.xml:117(para) groupadd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "" "Apply changes in the <replaceable>PREFIX_DIR</replaceable> directory and use " @@ -1018,7 +1029,7 @@ msgid "" "verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:341(term) useradd.8.xml:475(term) useradd.8.xml:613(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:361(term) useradd.8.xml:485(term) useradd.8.xml:623(term) #: su.1.xml:186(term) chsh.1.xml:119(term) msgid "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" @@ -1027,7 +1038,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:345(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:365(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank causes " "the system to select the default login shell." @@ -1035,7 +1046,7 @@ msgstr "" "Der Name der neuen Anmelde-Shell des Benutzers. Falls dieses Feld leer " "gelassen wird, verwendet das System die Standard-Anmelde-Shell." -#: usermod.8.xml:352(term) useradd.8.xml:489(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:372(term) useradd.8.xml:499(term) msgid "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</" "replaceable>" @@ -1043,11 +1054,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:356(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:376(para) msgid "The new numerical value of the user's ID." msgstr "der neue numerische Wert der UID des Benutzers" -#: usermod.8.xml:359(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:379(para) msgid "" "This value must be unique, unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. " "The value must be non-negative." @@ -1055,7 +1066,7 @@ msgstr "" "Dieser Wert muss eindeutig sein, sofern nicht die Option <option>-o</option> " "verwendet wird. Der Wert darf nicht negativ sein." -#: usermod.8.xml:364(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:384(para) msgid "" "The user's mailbox, and any files which the user owns and which are located " "in the user's home directory will have the file user ID changed " @@ -1065,7 +1076,7 @@ msgstr "" "seinem Home-Verzeichnis befinden, wird die ID des Eigentümers automatisch " "angepasst." -#: usermod.8.xml:369(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:389(para) msgid "" "The ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed " "manually." @@ -1073,7 +1084,7 @@ msgstr "" "Der Eigentümer von Dateien außerhalb des Home-Verzeichnisses des Benutzers " "muss per Hand angepasst werden." -#: usermod.8.xml:373(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:393(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>UID_MIN</option>, " "<option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>SYS_UID_MIN</option>, or " @@ -1083,11 +1094,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>SYS_UID_MIN</option> und <option>SYS_UID_MAX</option> aus <filename>/" "etc/login.defs</filename> werden nicht geprüft." -#: usermod.8.xml:382(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" msgstr "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:386(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) msgid "" "Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the encrypted " "password. You can't use this option with <option>-p</option> or <option>-L</" @@ -1097,7 +1108,7 @@ msgstr "" "verschlüsselten Passwort. Sie können diese Option nicht mit <option>-p</" "option> oder <option>-U</option> verwenden." -#: usermod.8.xml:391(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:411(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), " "you should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> (for example " @@ -1110,7 +1121,7 @@ msgstr "" "oder den Wert von <option>EXPIRE</option> aus <filename>/etc/default/" "useradd</filename> setzen)." -#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:422(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1122,17 +1133,17 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" "replaceable>|<replaceable>MENGE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:426(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate uids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:409(para) usermod.8.xml:447(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:429(para) usermod.8.xml:467(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a " "users account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:412(para) usermod.8.xml:432(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:432(para) usermod.8.xml:452(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>UID_MIN</option>, " @@ -1147,7 +1158,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>SYS_UID_MIN</option> und <option>SYS_UID_MAX</option> aus <filename>/" "etc/login.defs</filename> werden nicht geprüft." -#: usermod.8.xml:420(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1159,11 +1170,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" "replaceable>|<replaceable>MENGE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:424(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) msgid "Remove a range of subordinate uids from the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:427(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:447(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subuids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1171,7 +1182,7 @@ msgid "" "happens before any subordinate uid range is added." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:460(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1183,11 +1194,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" "replaceable>|<replaceable>MENGE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:464(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate gids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:450(para) usermod.8.xml:470(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:470(para) usermod.8.xml:490(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>GID_MIN</option>, " @@ -1202,7 +1213,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>SYS_GID_MIN</option> und <option>SYS_GID_MAX</option> aus <filename>/" "etc/login.defs</filename> werden nicht geprüft." -#: usermod.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1214,7 +1225,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" "replaceable>|<replaceable>MENGE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "Remove any SELinux user mapping for the user's login." msgid "Remove a range of subordinate gids from the user's account." @@ -1222,7 +1233,7 @@ msgstr "" "entfernt die Zuordnung von SELinux-Benutzern aus den Anmeldeinformationen " "des Benutzers" -#: usermod.8.xml:465(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subgids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1230,7 +1241,7 @@ msgid "" "happens before any subordinate gid range is added." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) useradd.8.xml:524(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:498(term) useradd.8.xml:534(term) msgid "" "<option>-Z</option>, <option>--selinux-user</option> " "<replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable>" @@ -1238,11 +1249,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-Z</option>, <option>--selinux-user</option> <replaceable>SE-" "BENUTZER</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:502(para) msgid "The new SELinux user for the user's login." msgstr "der neue SELinux-Benutzer für den Anmeldenamen des Benutzers" -#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:505(para) msgid "" "A blank <replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable> will remove the SELinux user " "mapping for user <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> (if any)." @@ -1251,16 +1262,16 @@ msgstr "" "SELinux-Benutzern (sofern vorhanden) aus den Anmeldeinformationen des " "Benutzers entfernt" -#: usermod.8.xml:496(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:641(title) +#: usermod.8.xml:516(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:651(title) #: su.1.xml:330(title) shadow.3.xml:218(title) passwd.1.xml:377(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:350(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) #: groupdel.8.xml:133(title) groupadd.8.xml:274(title) gpasswd.1.xml:252(title) #: faillog.8.xml:232(title) chpasswd.8.xml:231(title) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:186(title) msgid "CAVEATS" msgstr "WARNUNGEN" -#: usermod.8.xml:497(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:517(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes " @@ -1281,7 +1292,7 @@ msgstr "" "<command>usermod</command> sicher, auf anderen Architekturen überprüft es " "nur, ob der Benutzer laut utmp eingeloggt ist." -#: usermod.8.xml:504(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:524(para) msgid "" "You must change the owner of any <command>crontab</command> files or " "<command>at</command> jobs manually." @@ -1289,7 +1300,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sie müssen den Eigentümer von <command>crontab</command>-Dateien oder " "<command>at</command>-Aufträgen per Hand ändern." -#: usermod.8.xml:508(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:528(para) msgid "You must make any changes involving NIS on the NIS server." msgstr "" "Sie müssen alle Änderung in Bezug auf NIS auf dem NIS-Server vornehmen." @@ -1586,10 +1597,10 @@ msgstr "" "nach dem folgenden Algorithmus aus der UID des Benutzers errechnet: " "<placeholder-1/>" -#: usermod.8.xml:547(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:745(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:567(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:755(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) #: pwconv.8.xml:253(filename) passwd.1.xml:428(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:424(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:436(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) #: login.1.xml:389(filename) groupmod.8.xml:237(filename) #: groupadd.8.xml:265(filename) chsh.1.xml:182(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:270(filename) chgpasswd.8.xml:228(filename) @@ -1597,39 +1608,39 @@ msgstr "" msgid "/etc/login.defs" msgstr "/etc/login.defs" -#: usermod.8.xml:549(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:747(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:569(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:757(para) #: su.1.xml:383(para) pwconv.8.xml:255(para) passwd.1.xml:430(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:239(para) groupadd.8.xml:267(para) chsh.1.xml:184(para) #: chpasswd.8.xml:272(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:230(para) chfn.1.xml:212(para) msgid "Shadow password suite configuration." msgstr "Konfiguration der Shadow-Passwort-Werkzeugsammlung" -#: usermod.8.xml:565(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:733(filename) newusers.8.xml:436(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:585(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:743(filename) newusers.8.xml:448(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/suauth" msgid "/etc/subgid" msgstr "/etc/suauth" -#: usermod.8.xml:567(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:735(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:587(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:745(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:450(para) msgid "Per user subordinate group IDs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:571(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:739(filename) newusers.8.xml:442(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:591(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:749(filename) newusers.8.xml:454(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/suauth" msgid "/etc/subuid" msgstr "/etc/suauth" -#: usermod.8.xml:573(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:741(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:593(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:751(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:456(para) msgid "Per user subordinate user IDs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:581(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:601(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" @@ -1891,58 +1902,58 @@ msgstr "" "hat, und <command>useradd</command> wird standardmäßig eine Gruppe mit dem " "Namen des Benutzers erstellen." -#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:754(title) su.1.xml:390(title) -#: pwck.8.xml:293(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) +#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:764(title) su.1.xml:390(title) +#: pwck.8.xml:303(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) #: groupmod.8.xml:252(title) groupdel.8.xml:175(title) -#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:278(title) +#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:284(title) msgid "EXIT VALUES" msgstr "RÜCKGABEWERTE" -#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:759(replaceable) -#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:298(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:769(replaceable) +#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:308(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:448(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:250(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:257(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:180(replaceable) -#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:283(replaceable) +#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) msgid "0" msgstr "0" -#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:761(para) pwck.8.xml:300(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:771(para) pwck.8.xml:310(para) #: passwd.1.xml:450(para) grpck.8.xml:252(para) groupdel.8.xml:182(para) -#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:285(para) +#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) msgid "success" msgstr "Erfolg" -#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:765(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:775(replaceable) #: su.1.xml:75(manvolnum) su.1.xml:415(replaceable) sg.1.xml:59(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:304(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:314(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) #: passwd.1.xml:454(replaceable) newgrp.1.xml:59(manvolnum) #: login.1.xml:91(manvolnum) grpck.8.xml:256(replaceable) #: groups.1.xml:58(manvolnum) gpasswd.1.xml:63(manvolnum) #: expiry.1.xml:62(manvolnum) chsh.1.xml:61(manvolnum) chfn.1.xml:61(manvolnum) -#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) msgid "1" msgstr "1" -#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:767(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:777(para) msgid "can't update password file" msgstr "Die Passwortdatei kann nicht aktualisieren werden." -#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:771(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:310(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:781(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:320(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:262(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:263(replaceable) #: groupdel.8.xml:186(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:307(replaceable) -#: chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) msgid "2" msgstr "2" -#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:773(para) pwck.8.xml:306(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:783(para) pwck.8.xml:316(para) #: grpck.8.xml:258(para) groupdel.8.xml:188(para) groupadd.8.xml:309(para) -#: chage.1.xml:297(para) +#: chage.1.xml:303(para) msgid "invalid command syntax" msgstr "unzulässige Syntax für diesen Befehl" -#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:789(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:334(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:799(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:344(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:281(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:192(replaceable) msgid "6" msgstr "6" @@ -1955,18 +1966,18 @@ msgstr "Der angegebene Benutzer ist nicht vorhanden." msgid "user currently logged in" msgstr "Benutzer ist im Moment angemeldet." -#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:801(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:811(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:293(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:204(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:331(replaceable) msgid "10" msgstr "10" -#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:803(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:813(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:333(para) msgid "can't update group file" msgstr "Die Gruppendatei kann nicht aktualisieren werden." -#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:807(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:817(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:305(replaceable) msgid "12" msgstr "12" @@ -2138,7 +2149,11 @@ msgstr "" "Die Optionen, die vom Befehl <command>useradd</command> unterstützt werden, " "sind:" -#: useradd.8.xml:130(term) useradd.8.xml:548(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:131(option) pwck.8.xml:187(option) newusers.8.xml:272(option) +msgid "--badname" +msgstr "" + +#: useradd.8.xml:140(term) useradd.8.xml:558(term) msgid "" "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -2146,7 +2161,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> " "<replaceable>WURZEL_VERZ</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The default base directory for the system if <option>-d</option> " "<replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> is not specified. <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" @@ -2161,7 +2176,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-m</option> nicht verwendet wird, muss <replaceable>WURZEL_VERZ</" "replaceable> existieren." -#: useradd.8.xml:141(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:151(para) msgid "" "If this option is not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the " "base directory specified by the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/" @@ -2172,7 +2187,7 @@ msgstr "" "in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> festgelegt wurde, anderenfalls " "<filename>/home</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:155(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:165(para) msgid "" "Any text string. It is generally a short description of the login, and is " "currently used as the field for the user's full name." @@ -2181,7 +2196,7 @@ msgstr "" "des Logins und wird im Moment im Feld für den vollständigen Namen des " "Benutzers gespeichert." -#: useradd.8.xml:163(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:173(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" @@ -2193,7 +2208,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option> <replaceable>HOME_VERZ</" "replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:167(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:177(para) msgid "" "The new user will be created using <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> as " "the value for the user's login directory. The default is to append the " @@ -2209,15 +2224,15 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable> angehängt. Das Verzeichnis <replaceable>HOME_VERZ</replaceable> " "muss nicht vorhanden sein, sondern wird gegebenenfalls angelegt." -#: useradd.8.xml:179(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:189(term) msgid "<option>-D</option>, <option>--defaults</option>" msgstr "<option>-D</option>, <option>--defaults</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:183(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:193(para) msgid "See below, the subsection \"Changing the default values\"." msgstr "Lesen Sie dazu unten den Abschnitt »Die Standardwerte verändern«." -#: useradd.8.xml:197(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:207(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default expiry " "date specified by the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" @@ -2228,7 +2243,7 @@ msgstr "" "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> bestimmt wurde, anderenfalls eine " "leere Zeichenkette (kein Verfall)." -#: useradd.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently " "disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has " @@ -2238,7 +2253,7 @@ msgstr "" "deaktiviert wird. Ein Wert von 0 deaktiviert das Konto, sobald das Passwort " "abläuft. Ein Wert von -1 schaltet diese Funktion ab." -#: useradd.8.xml:216(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:226(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default inactivity " "period specified by the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" @@ -2249,7 +2264,7 @@ msgstr "" "option> in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> bestimmt wurde, " "anderenfalls -1." -#: useradd.8.xml:229(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:239(para) msgid "" "The group name or number of the user's initial login group. The group name " "must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group." @@ -2258,7 +2273,7 @@ msgstr "" "Gruppenname muss existieren. Die Gruppenzahl muss auf eine bereits " "vorhandene Gruppe verweisen." -#: useradd.8.xml:234(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "If not specified, the behavior of <command>useradd</command> will depend on " "the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> variable in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" @@ -2282,7 +2297,7 @@ msgstr "" "fest, die mit der Variable <option>GROUP</option> in <filename>/etc/default/" "useradd</filename> definiert wurde, anderenfalls 100." -#: useradd.8.xml:256(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:266(para) msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " "group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. " @@ -2296,7 +2311,7 @@ msgstr "" "Option <option>-g</option> bestimmt wurde. Standardmäßig ist der Benutzer " "nur Mitglied der Ausgangsgruppe." -#: useradd.8.xml:273(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:283(term) msgid "" "<option>-k</option>, <option>--skel</option> <replaceable>SKEL_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -2304,7 +2319,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-k</option>, <option>--skel</option> <replaceable>GERÜST_VERZ</" "replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:277(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:287(para) msgid "" "The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in " "the user's home directory, when the home directory is created by " @@ -2314,7 +2329,7 @@ msgstr "" "Home-Verzeichnis des Benutzers kopiert werden, wenn es von <command>useradd</" "command> erstellt wird." -#: useradd.8.xml:282(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid if the <option>-m</option> (or <option>--create-" "home</option>) option is specified." @@ -2322,7 +2337,7 @@ msgstr "" "Diese Option ist nur zulässig, wenn auch die Option <option>-m</option> " "(oder <option>--create-home</option>) angegeben wird." -#: useradd.8.xml:286(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:296(para) msgid "" "If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the " "<option>SKEL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> " @@ -2332,11 +2347,11 @@ msgstr "" "Variable <option>SKEL</option> in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> " "festgelegt, anderenfalls ist dieses <filename>/etc/skel</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) msgid "If possible, the ACLs and extended attributes are copied." msgstr "Soweit möglich, werden die ACLs und erweiterten Attribute kopiert." -#: useradd.8.xml:298(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:308(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) msgid "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VALUE</replaceable>" @@ -2344,7 +2359,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>SCHLÜSSEL</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>WERT</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:312(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Overrides <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> defaults (<option>UID_MIN</" @@ -2381,15 +2396,15 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option> <replaceable>UID_MAX</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:323(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:333(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--no-log-init</option>" msgstr "<option>-l</option>, <option>--no-log-init</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:325(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:335(para) msgid "Do not add the user to the lastlog and faillog databases." msgstr "Fügt den Benutzer nicht zu den Datenbanken lastlog und faillog hinzu." -#: useradd.8.xml:328(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:338(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "By default, the user's entries in the lastlog and faillog databases are " @@ -2402,11 +2417,11 @@ msgstr "" "faillog zurückgesetzt, um zu vermeiden, dass der Eintrag eines früher " "gelöschten Benutzers verwendet wird." -#: useradd.8.xml:336(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:346(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:340(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:350(para) msgid "" "Create the user's home directory if it does not exist. The files and " "directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with " @@ -2417,7 +2432,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-k</option> festgelegt werden kann, werden in das Home-Verzeichnis " "kopiert." -#: useradd.8.xml:346(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:356(para) msgid "" "By default, if this option is not specified and <option>CREATE_HOME</option> " "is not enabled, no home directories are created." @@ -2425,13 +2440,13 @@ msgstr "" "Wenn diese Option nicht angegeben wird und <option>CREATE_HOME</option> " "nicht aktiviert wurde, wird standardmäßig kein Home-Verzeichnis erstellt." -#: useradd.8.xml:354(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:364(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "<option>-M</option>, <option>--no-create-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:358(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:368(para) msgid "" "Do no create the user's home directory, even if the system wide setting from " "<filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> (<option>CREATE_HOME</option>) is set " @@ -2441,11 +2456,11 @@ msgstr "" "systemweite Option <option>CREATE_HOME</option> in <filename>/etc/login." "defs</filename> auf <replaceable>yes</replaceable> gesetzt ist." -#: useradd.8.xml:367(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:377(term) msgid "<option>-N</option>, <option>--no-user-group</option>" msgstr "<option>-N</option>, <option>--no-user-group</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:371(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:381(para) msgid "" "Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to " "the group specified by the <option>-g</option> option or by the " @@ -2456,7 +2471,7 @@ msgstr "" "Variable <option>GROUP</option> in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> " "angegeben wurde." -#: useradd.8.xml:377(para) useradd.8.xml:515(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:387(para) useradd.8.xml:525(para) msgid "" "The default behavior (if the <option>-g</option>, <option>-N</option>, and " "<option>-U</option> options are not specified) is defined by the " @@ -2468,20 +2483,20 @@ msgstr "" "<option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> " "bestimmt." -#: useradd.8.xml:390(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:400(para) msgid "Allow the creation of a user account with a duplicate (non-unique) UID." msgstr "" "Erlaubt das Erstellen eines Benutzerkontos mit einer schon vergebenen (nicht " "eindeutigen) UID." -#: useradd.8.xml:391(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:401(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-u</option> option." msgstr "" "Diese Option kann nur in Verbindung mit der Option <option>-u</option> " "verwendet werden." -#: useradd.8.xml:402(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "" "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The default is to " @@ -2491,15 +2506,15 @@ msgstr "" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> zurückgegeben wird. " "Standardmäßig ist das Passwort deaktiviert." -#: useradd.8.xml:419(term) newusers.8.xml:289(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:429(term) newusers.8.xml:301(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--system</option>" msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--system</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:423(para) newusers.8.xml:293(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:433(para) newusers.8.xml:305(para) msgid "Create a system account." msgstr "erstellt ein Systemkonto" -#: useradd.8.xml:426(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:436(para) msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the " @@ -2514,7 +2529,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>UID_MIN</option> bis <option>UID_MAX</option> gewählt (gleiches gilt " "für die GID bei der Erstellung von Gruppen)." -#: useradd.8.xml:435(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:445(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Note that <command>useradd</command> will not create a home directory for " @@ -2533,7 +2548,7 @@ msgstr "" "unabhängig von der Einstellung in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> " "(<option>CREATE_HOME</option>) kein Home-Verzeichnis erzeugen wird." -#: useradd.8.xml:479(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:489(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's login shell. The default is to leave this field " "blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell specified " @@ -2545,7 +2560,7 @@ msgstr "" "der Variable <option>SHELL</option> in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</" "filename> definiert wird, anderenfalls bleibt das Feld leer." -#: useradd.8.xml:493(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:503(para) msgid "" "The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the " "<option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be non-negative. The " @@ -2558,7 +2573,7 @@ msgstr "" "gleich <option>UID_MIN</option> und größer als jeder andere Wert eines " "Benutzers verwendet." -#: useradd.8.xml:500(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:510(para) msgid "" "See also the <option>-r</option> option and the <option>UID_MAX</option> " "description." @@ -2566,11 +2581,11 @@ msgstr "" "Vergleichen Sie auch die Option <option>-r</option> und die Ausführungen zu " "<option>UID_MAX</option>." -#: useradd.8.xml:507(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:517(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--user-group</option>" msgstr "<option>-U</option>, <option>--user-group</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:511(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:521(para) msgid "" "Create a group with the same name as the user, and add the user to this " "group." @@ -2578,7 +2593,7 @@ msgstr "" "erstellt eine Gruppe mit dem gleichen Name wie der Benutzer und fügt diesen " "der Gruppe hinzu" -#: useradd.8.xml:528(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:538(para) msgid "" "The SELinux user for the user's login. The default is to leave this field " "blank, which causes the system to select the default SELinux user." @@ -2587,11 +2602,11 @@ msgstr "" "bleibt dieses Feld leer und es wird dem System überlassen, den SELinux-" "Benutzer zu bestimmen." -#: useradd.8.xml:538(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:548(title) msgid "Changing the default values" msgstr "Die Standardwerte verändern" -#: useradd.8.xml:539(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:549(para) msgid "" "When invoked with only the <option>-D</option> option, <command>useradd</" "command> will display the current default values. When invoked with <option>-" @@ -2604,7 +2619,7 @@ msgstr "" "Optionen aufgerufen wird, werden deren Standardwerte entsprechend angepasst. " "Die gültigen Optionen, um Standardwerte zu ändern, sind:" -#: useradd.8.xml:552(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:562(para) msgid "" "The path prefix for a new user's home directory. The user's name will be " "affixed to the end of <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> to form the new " @@ -2616,7 +2631,7 @@ msgstr "" "den Namen des Home-Verzeichnisses zu erhalten, falls nicht die Option " "<option>-d</option> bei der Erstellung eines neuen Kontos verwendet wird." -#: useradd.8.xml:559(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:569(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2624,11 +2639,11 @@ msgstr "" "Diese Option verändert die Variable <option>HOME</option> in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:570(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:580(para) msgid "The date on which the user account is disabled." msgstr "das Datum, an dem das Benutzerkonto abgeschaltet wird" -#: useradd.8.xml:571(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:581(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2636,7 +2651,7 @@ msgstr "" "Diese Option verändert die Variable <option>EXPIRE</option> in <filename>/" "etc/default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:582(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:592(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password has expired before the account will be " "disabled." @@ -2644,7 +2659,7 @@ msgstr "" "die Anzahl von Tagen nach dem Ablaufen des Passworts bis das Konto " "deaktiviert wird" -#: useradd.8.xml:586(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:596(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2652,7 +2667,7 @@ msgstr "" "Diese Option verändert die Variable <option>INACTIVE</option> in <filename>/" "etc/default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:597(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:607(para) msgid "" "The group name or ID for a new user's initial group (when the <option>-N/--" "no-user-group</option> is used or when the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> " @@ -2666,7 +2681,7 @@ msgstr "" "option> auf <replaceable>no</replaceable> gesetzt ist). Die bezeichnete " "Gruppe und die GID müssen existieren." -#: useradd.8.xml:606(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:616(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>GROUP</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2674,11 +2689,11 @@ msgstr "" "Diese Option verändert die Variable <option>GROUP</option> in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:617(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:627(para) msgid "The name of a new user's login shell." msgstr "der Name der Anmelde-Shell des neuen Benutzers" -#: useradd.8.xml:620(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:630(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>SHELL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2686,11 +2701,11 @@ msgstr "" "Diese Option verändert die Variable <option>SHELL</option> in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:632(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:642(title) msgid "NOTES" msgstr "ANMERKUNGEN" -#: useradd.8.xml:633(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:643(para) msgid "" "The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files " "in the <filename>/etc/skel/</filename> directory (or any other skeleton " @@ -2702,7 +2717,7 @@ msgstr "" "einem anderen Gerüstverzeichnis, das in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</" "filename> oder über die Befehlszeile definiert wurde), anzulegen." -#: useradd.8.xml:642(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:652(para) msgid "" "You may not add a user to a NIS or LDAP group. This must be performed on the " "corresponding server." @@ -2710,7 +2725,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sie dürfen einen Benutzer nicht einer NIS- oder LDAP-Gruppe hinzufügen. Dies " "muss auf dem entsprechenden Server durchgeführt werden." -#: useradd.8.xml:647(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:657(para) msgid "" "Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such " "as NIS or LDAP, <command>useradd</command> will deny the user account " @@ -2720,7 +2735,7 @@ msgstr "" "erstellen, wenn der Benutzername schon in einer externen Benutzerdatenbank " "wie z.B. NIS oder LDAP vorhanden ist." -#: useradd.8.xml:653(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:663(para) msgid "" "Usernames must start with a lower case letter or an underscore, followed by " "lower case letters, digits, underscores, or dashes. They can end with a " @@ -2731,7 +2746,7 @@ msgstr "" "Gedankenstriche enthalten. Sie können mit einem Dollarzeichen enden. Als " "regulärer Ausdruck: [a-z_][a-z0-9_-]*[$]?" -#: useradd.8.xml:659(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:669(para) msgid "Usernames may only be up to 32 characters long." msgstr "Benutzernamen dürfen nur bis zu 32 Zeichen lang sein." @@ -2978,70 +2993,70 @@ msgstr "" "Sie wird ebenfalls von <command>pam_umask</command> als die Standard-Umask " "verwendet." -#: useradd.8.xml:721(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:731(filename) msgid "/etc/default/useradd" msgstr "/etc/default/useradd" # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:723(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:733(para) msgid "Default values for account creation." msgstr "Standardwerte für die Erstellung eines Kontos" -#: useradd.8.xml:727(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:737(filename) msgid "/etc/skel/" msgstr "/etc/skel/" -#: useradd.8.xml:729(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:739(para) msgid "Directory containing default files." msgstr "Verzeichnis, das die Standarddateien enthält" -#: useradd.8.xml:777(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:316(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:787(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:326(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:268(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:269(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:313(replaceable) msgid "3" msgstr "3" -#: useradd.8.xml:779(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:789(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) msgid "invalid argument to option" msgstr "ungültiges Argument für Option" -#: useradd.8.xml:783(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:322(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:793(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:332(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:472(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:274(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:275(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:319(replaceable) msgid "4" msgstr "4" -#: useradd.8.xml:785(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:795(para) msgid "UID already in use (and no <option>-o</option>)" msgstr "UID ist schon vergeben (und kein <option>-o</option>)" -#: useradd.8.xml:791(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:801(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) msgid "specified group doesn't exist" msgstr "angegebene Gruppe ist nicht vorhanden" -#: useradd.8.xml:795(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:805(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:325(replaceable) msgid "9" msgstr "9" -#: useradd.8.xml:797(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:807(para) msgid "username already in use" msgstr "Benutzername ist schon vergeben" -#: useradd.8.xml:809(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:819(para) msgid "can't create home directory" msgstr "Home-Verzeichnis kann nicht erstellt werden." -#: useradd.8.xml:813(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:823(replaceable) msgid "14" msgstr "14" -#: useradd.8.xml:815(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:825(para) msgid "can't update SELinux user mapping" msgstr "Die Zuordnung von SELinux-Benutzern kann nicht aktualisiert werden." -#: useradd.8.xml:755(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:765(para) msgid "" "The <command>useradd</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -3049,7 +3064,7 @@ msgstr "" "Der Befehl <command>useradd</command> gibt beim Beenden folgende Werte " "zurück: <placeholder-1/>" -#: useradd.8.xml:824(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:834(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" @@ -3119,7 +3134,7 @@ msgid "suauth" msgstr "suauth" #: suauth.5.xml:58(manvolnum) shadow.5.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:328(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:338(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) #: passwd.5.xml:58(manvolnum) passwd.1.xml:478(replaceable) #: login.defs.5.xml:124(manvolnum) login.access.5.xml:59(manvolnum) #: limits.5.xml:60(manvolnum) gshadow.5.xml:47(manvolnum) @@ -4199,29 +4214,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "encrypted password" msgstr "verschlüsseltes Passwort" -#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) -msgid "" -"Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" -"manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." -msgstr "" -"Sie sollten in <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" -"refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> nachsehen, wenn Sie " -"mehr über die Bedeutung dieser Zeichenkette wissen wollen." - -#: shadow.5.xml:103(para) -msgid "" -"If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix " -"password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)." -msgstr "" -"Wenn das Passwortfeld eine Zeichenkette enthält, die kein zulässiges " -"Ergebnis von <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" -"manvolnum></citerefentry> ist, z.B. ! oder *, kann sich der Benutzer nicht " -"mit einem Unix-Passwort anmelden; eine Anmeldung auf anderem Wege wird " -"dadurch nicht verhindert." - -#: shadow.5.xml:110(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) msgid "" "This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to " "authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which " @@ -4233,7 +4226,7 @@ msgstr "" "welche die Datei <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> auswerten, dennoch den " "Zugang, wenn das Passwortfeld leer ist." -#: shadow.5.xml:117(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:105(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "A password field which starts with a exclamation mark means that the " @@ -4248,6 +4241,28 @@ msgstr "" "Passwort gesperrt ist. Die übrigen Zeichen sind das Passwort vor der " "Sperrung." +#: shadow.5.xml:111(para) passwd.5.xml:126(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) +msgid "" +"Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" +"manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." +msgstr "" +"Sie sollten in <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" +"refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> nachsehen, wenn Sie " +"mehr über die Bedeutung dieser Zeichenkette wissen wollen." + +#: shadow.5.xml:116(para) passwd.5.xml:131(para) +msgid "" +"If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" +"citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix " +"password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)." +msgstr "" +"Wenn das Passwortfeld eine Zeichenkette enthält, die kein zulässiges " +"Ergebnis von <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" +"manvolnum></citerefentry> ist, z.B. ! oder *, kann sich der Benutzer nicht " +"mit einem Unix-Passwort anmelden; eine Anmeldung auf anderem Wege wird " +"dadurch nicht verhindert." + #: shadow.5.xml:127(emphasis) msgid "date of last password change" msgstr "Datum, an dem das Passwort das letzte Mal geändert wurde" @@ -4439,7 +4454,7 @@ msgstr "/etc/shadow-" msgid "Backup file for /etc/shadow." msgstr "Sicherungskopie von /etc/shadow" -#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:159(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:178(para) msgid "" "Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow toolsuite, but not by " "all user and password management tools." @@ -5105,7 +5120,7 @@ msgstr "" "Die Optionen, die vom Befehl <command>pwck</command> unterstützt werden, " "sind:" -#: pwck.8.xml:194(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:204(para) msgid "" "Report errors only. The warnings which do not require any action from the " "user won't be displayed." @@ -5113,19 +5128,19 @@ msgstr "" "meldet nur Fehler. Warnungen, die keine Handlung des Benutzers erfordern, " "werden nicht angezeigt" -#: pwck.8.xml:201(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:211(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--read-only</option>" msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--read-only</option>" -#: pwck.8.xml:203(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:213(para) msgid "Execute the <command>pwck</command> command in read-only mode." msgstr "führt den Befehl <command>pwck</command> im Modus Nur-Lesen aus" -#: pwck.8.xml:221(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:231(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" -#: pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:233(para) msgid "" "Sort entries in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</" "filename> by UID." @@ -5133,12 +5148,12 @@ msgstr "" "ordnet die Einträge in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> und <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename> nach der UID" -#: pwck.8.xml:227(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:237(para) msgid "This option has no effect when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled." msgstr "" "Diese Option ist wirkungslos, wenn <option>USE_TCB</option> aktiviert ist." -#: pwck.8.xml:234(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "By default, <command>pwck</command> operates on the files <filename>/etc/" "passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename><phrase condition=\"tcb" @@ -5152,7 +5167,7 @@ msgstr "" "Benutzer kann andere Dateien mit den Parametern <replaceable>passwd</" "replaceable> und <replaceable>shadow</replaceable> auswählen." -#: pwck.8.xml:243(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Note that when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled, you cannot specify an " @@ -5168,27 +5183,27 @@ msgstr "" "Versionen kann dieser Parameter durch ein anderes TCB-Verzeichnis ersetzt " "werden." -#: pwck.8.xml:312(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:322(para) msgid "one or more bad password entries" msgstr "ein oder mehrere fehlerhafte Passworteinträge" -#: pwck.8.xml:318(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:328(para) msgid "can't open password files" msgstr "Die Passwortdatei kann nicht geöffnet werden." -#: pwck.8.xml:324(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:334(para) msgid "can't lock password files" msgstr "Die Passwortdatei kann nicht gesperret werden." -#: pwck.8.xml:330(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:340(para) msgid "can't update password files" msgstr "Die Passwortdatei kann nicht aktualisieren werden." -#: pwck.8.xml:336(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:346(para) msgid "can't sort password files" msgstr "Die Passwortdatei kann nicht sortieren werden." -#: pwck.8.xml:294(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:304(para) msgid "" "The <command>pwck</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -5196,7 +5211,7 @@ msgstr "" "Der Befehl <command>pwck</command> gibt beim Beenden folgende Werte zurück: " "<placeholder-1/>" -#: pwck.8.xml:345(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:355(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>grpck</" @@ -5379,37 +5394,50 @@ msgstr "optional Befehlsinterpreter des Benutzers" #: passwd.5.xml:100(para) msgid "" -"The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is " -"required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some " -"applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may decide " -"not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the <emphasis>password</" -"emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted " -"password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" -"refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there " -"<emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/" -"shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. If the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then it will be " -"treated as an encrypted password, as specified by " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>." -msgstr "" -"Das Feld für das verschlüsselte Passwort kann leer sein. In diesem Fall wird " -"kein Passwort benötigt, um sich beim System anzumelden. Allerdings werden " -"einige Anwendung, die <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> auswerten, " -"<emphasis>keinen</emphasis> Zugriff erlauben, wenn das <emphasis>Passwort</" -"emphasis>-Feld leer ist. Wenn das <emphasis>Passwort</emphasis>-Feld ein " -"kleines <quote>x</quote> enthält, ist das Passwort in der Datei " +"If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, " +"then the encrypted password is actually stored in the " "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry> gespeichert. Es <emphasis>muss</emphasis> sich dann ein " -"passender Eintrag in <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> befinden, oder das " -"Benutzerkonto ist ungültig. Wenn das <emphasis>Passwort</emphasis>-Feld eine " -"andere Zeichenkette enthält, wird diese als ein verschlüsseltes Passwort " -"behandelt. Genaueres dazu befindet sich unter " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>." +"citerefentry> file instead; there <emphasis>must</emphasis> be a " +"corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file, or else the " +"user account is invalid." +msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:119(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:109(para) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to " +#| "authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications " +#| "which read the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file may decide not to " +#| "permit any access at all if the password field is empty." +msgid "" +"The encrypted <emphasis>password</emphasis> field may be empty, in which " +"case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. " +"However, some applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " +"file may decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " +"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank." +msgstr "" +"Dieses Feld kann leer bleiben. In diesem Fall kann sich der angegebene " +"Benutzer ohne Passwort anmelden. Möglicherweise verweigern Anwendungen, " +"welche die Datei <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> auswerten, dennoch den " +"Zugang, wenn das Passwortfeld leer ist." + +#: passwd.5.xml:118(para) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "A password field which starts with a exclamation mark means that the " +#| "password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the " +#| "password field before the password was locked." +msgid "" +"A <emphasis>password</emphasis> field which starts with an exclamation mark " +"means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line " +"represent the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field before the password was " +"locked." +msgstr "" +"Ein Passwortfeld, das mit einem Ausrufezeichen beginnt, führt dazu, dass das " +"Passwort gesperrt ist. Die übrigen Zeichen sind das Passwort vor der " +"Sperrung." + +#: passwd.5.xml:138(para) msgid "" "The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as " "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" @@ -5419,7 +5447,7 @@ msgstr "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" "citerefentry> ausgewertet." -#: passwd.5.xml:125(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. " "The <command>login</command> program uses this information to set the value " @@ -5431,7 +5459,7 @@ msgstr "" "setzen." # SB: Übersetzung von "command language interpreter"? -#: passwd.5.xml:131(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:150(para) msgid "" "The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command " "language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute. The " @@ -5446,19 +5474,19 @@ msgstr "" "setzen. Falls dieses Feld leer ist, wird ihm standardmäßig der Wert " "<filename>/bin/sh</filename> zugewiesen." -#: passwd.5.xml:152(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:171(para) msgid "optional encrypted password file" msgstr "optionale Datei für verschlüsseltes Passwort" -#: passwd.5.xml:156(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:175(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd-" msgstr "/etc/passwd-" -#: passwd.5.xml:158(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:177(para) msgid "Backup file for /etc/passwd." msgstr "Sicherungskopie von /etc/passwd" -#: passwd.5.xml:170(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:189(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getent</" @@ -5747,7 +5775,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-n</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_TAGE</" "replaceable>" -#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:168(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:174(para) msgid "" "Set the minimum number of days between password changes to " "<replaceable>MIN_DAYS</replaceable>. A value of zero for this field " @@ -5842,7 +5870,7 @@ msgstr "" "Bestimmt die maximale Anzahl von Tagen, die das Passwort gültig bleibt. Nach " "<replaceable>MAX_TAGE</replaceable> Tagen muss das Passwort geändert werden." -#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:189(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:195(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as " "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> will remove checking a password's " @@ -6096,7 +6124,7 @@ msgstr "/etc/pam.d/passwd" msgid "PAM configuration for <command>passwd</command>." msgstr "PAM-Konfiguration für <command>passwd</command>" -#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:297(para) msgid "permission denied" msgstr "Berechtigung verweigert" @@ -6451,15 +6479,15 @@ msgstr "" "Die Optionen, die vom Befehl <command>newusers</command> unterstützt werden, " "sind:" -#: newusers.8.xml:271(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) msgid "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" msgstr "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:273(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) msgid "Use the specified method to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "Definiert die Methode, mit der die Passwörter verschlüsselt werden." -#: newusers.8.xml:274(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:286(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) msgid "" "The available methods are DES, MD5, NONE, and SHA256 or SHA512 if your libc " "support these methods." @@ -6467,7 +6495,7 @@ msgstr "" "Die verfügbaren Methoden sind DES, MD5, NONE und SHA256 oder SHA512, soweit " "Ihre libc sie unterstützt." -#: newusers.8.xml:296(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:308(para) msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the " @@ -6482,17 +6510,17 @@ msgstr "" "anstelle von <option>UID_MIN</option> bis <option>UID_MAX</option> gewählt " "(gleiches gilt für die GID bei der Erstellung von Gruppen)." -#: newusers.8.xml:322(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:334(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sha-rounds</option>" msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sha-rounds</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:324(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:336(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) msgid "Use the specified number of rounds to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "" "Verwendet die angegebene Anzahl von Runden, um die Passwörter zu " "verschlüsseln." -#: newusers.8.xml:327(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) msgid "" "The value 0 means that the system will choose the default number of rounds " "for the crypt method (5000)." @@ -6500,18 +6528,18 @@ msgstr "" "Ein Wert von 0 bedeutet, dass das System die Standardanzahl der Runden " "(5000) für die Verschlüsselung verwenden wird." -#: newusers.8.xml:331(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:343(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) msgid "" "A minimal value of 1000 and a maximal value of 999,999,999 will be enforced." msgstr "Der Mindestwert ist 1000, der Höchstwert 999.999.999." -#: newusers.8.xml:335(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:347(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "You can only use this option with the SHA256 or SHA512 crypt method." msgstr "" "Sie können diese Option nur mit den Verschlüsselungsmethoden SHA256 und " "SHA512 verwenden." -#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) msgid "" "By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and " "SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." @@ -6520,14 +6548,14 @@ msgstr "" "SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS und SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" "filename> definiert." -#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:363(para) msgid "" "The input file must be protected since it contains unencrypted passwords." msgstr "" "Die Eingabedatei muss geschützt werden, da sie unverschlüsselte Passwörter " "enthält." -#: newusers.8.xml:355(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:367(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the passwords and the encryption method respect the " "system's password policy." @@ -6535,15 +6563,15 @@ msgstr "" "Sie sollten darauf achten, dass Passwörter und Verschlüsselungsmethode in " "Einklage mit der Passwortrichtlinie des Systems stehen." -#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:442(filename) msgid "/etc/pam.d/newusers" msgstr "/etc/pam.d/newusers" -#: newusers.8.xml:432(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) msgid "PAM configuration for <command>newusers</command>." msgstr "Konfiguration von PAM für <command>newusers</command>." -#: newusers.8.xml:452(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:464(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</" @@ -8235,7 +8263,7 @@ msgstr "" "selbst wenn Einträge über gelöschte Benutzer noch vorhanden sind." #: lastlog.8.xml:193(title) groups.1.xml:90(title) chsh.1.xml:140(title) -#: chage.1.xml:231(title) +#: chage.1.xml:237(title) msgid "NOTE" msgstr "ANMERKUNGEN" @@ -8989,7 +9017,7 @@ msgid "The superuser can specify which group membership list to modify." msgstr "" "Root kann eine Gruppen bestimmen, deren Mitgliederliste er bearbeiten will." -#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:154(term) +#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:160(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" msgstr "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" @@ -9869,7 +9897,7 @@ msgstr "" "erzwingt den Wechsel des Passworts des aktuellen Benutzers, falls dieses " "abgelaufen ist" -#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:312(para) +#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:318(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" @@ -10465,6 +10493,16 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable> angegeben wird, wird das Verfallsdatum für das Konto entfernt." #: chage.1.xml:135(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" +msgid "<option>-i</option>, <option>--iso8601</option>" +msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" + +#: chage.1.xml:137(para) +msgid "When printing dates, use YYYY-MM-DD format." +msgstr "" + +#: chage.1.xml:141(term) msgid "" "<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" @@ -10472,7 +10510,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INAKTIV</" "replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:139(para) +#: chage.1.xml:145(para) msgid "" "Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the " "account is locked. The <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> option is the " @@ -10486,7 +10524,7 @@ msgstr "" "mit dem Systemadministrator in Verbindung setzen, ehe er sich wieder am " "System anmelden kann." -#: chage.1.xml:146(para) +#: chage.1.xml:152(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as the " "<replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> will remove an account's inactivity." @@ -10495,11 +10533,11 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable> angegeben wird, wird die Überwachung der fehlenden Verwendung " "des Kontos entfernt." -#: chage.1.xml:158(para) +#: chage.1.xml:164(para) msgid "Show account aging information." msgstr "zeigt Informationen zur Kontoalterung an" -#: chage.1.xml:164(term) +#: chage.1.xml:170(term) msgid "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DAYS</" "replaceable>" @@ -10507,7 +10545,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_TAGE</" "replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:176(term) +#: chage.1.xml:182(term) msgid "" "<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option> <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</" "replaceable>" @@ -10515,7 +10553,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option> <replaceable>MAX_TAGE</" "replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:180(para) +#: chage.1.xml:186(para) msgid "" "Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid. When " "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> plus <replaceable>LAST_DAY</replaceable> " @@ -10531,7 +10569,7 @@ msgstr "" "option> werden die Benutzer vor dem drohenden Verfall ihres Passworts " "gewarnt." -#: chage.1.xml:209(term) +#: chage.1.xml:215(term) msgid "" "<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option> " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable>" @@ -10539,7 +10577,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option> " "<replaceable>WARN_TAGE</replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:213(para) +#: chage.1.xml:219(para) msgid "" "Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable> option is the number of days prior to " @@ -10551,7 +10589,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable> bezeichnet die Anzahl der Tage, für die ein Benutzer vor " "Verfall seines Passworts gewarnt wird." -#: chage.1.xml:222(para) +#: chage.1.xml:228(para) msgid "" "If none of the options are selected, <command>chage</command> operates in an " "interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of " @@ -10566,7 +10604,7 @@ msgstr "" "aktuelle Wert wird zwischen einem Paar von <emphasis remap=\"B\">[ ]</" "emphasis> angezeigt." -#: chage.1.xml:232(para) +#: chage.1.xml:238(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> program requires a shadow password file to be " "available." @@ -10574,7 +10612,7 @@ msgstr "" "Für das Programm <command>chage</command> ist es notwendig, dass eine Shadow-" "Passwort-Datei vorhanden ist." -#: chage.1.xml:236(para) +#: chage.1.xml:242(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command is restricted to the root user, except " "for the <option>-l</option> option, which may be used by an unprivileged " @@ -10584,15 +10622,15 @@ msgstr "" "Alle anderen Benutzer können nur die Option <option>-l</option> verwenden, " "um die Verfallsdaten für ihr Konto einzusehen." -#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:307(replaceable) msgid "15" msgstr "15" -#: chage.1.xml:303(para) +#: chage.1.xml:309(para) msgid "can't find the shadow password file" msgstr "Eine Shadow-Passwort-Datei kann nicht gefunden werden." -#: chage.1.xml:279(para) +#: chage.1.xml:285(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -10627,6 +10665,37 @@ msgstr "Simon Brandmair (sbrandmair@gmx.net), 2005, 2007, 2011." #~ "Sie können das Argument <option>--</option> verwenden, um Optionen für " #~ "<command>su</command> von Argumenten für die Shell zu trennen." +#~ msgid "" +#~ "The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is " +#~ "required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some " +#~ "applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may " +#~ "decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " +#~ "<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the <emphasis>password</" +#~ "emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted " +#~ "password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" +#~ "refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there " +#~ "<emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/" +#~ "shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. If the " +#~ "<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then it will be " +#~ "treated as an encrypted password, as specified by " +#~ "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" +#~ "manvolnum></citerefentry>." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Das Feld für das verschlüsselte Passwort kann leer sein. In diesem Fall " +#~ "wird kein Passwort benötigt, um sich beim System anzumelden. Allerdings " +#~ "werden einige Anwendung, die <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> auswerten, " +#~ "<emphasis>keinen</emphasis> Zugriff erlauben, wenn das " +#~ "<emphasis>Passwort</emphasis>-Feld leer ist. Wenn das <emphasis>Passwort</" +#~ "emphasis>-Feld ein kleines <quote>x</quote> enthält, ist das Passwort in " +#~ "der Datei <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" +#~ "refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> gespeichert. Es " +#~ "<emphasis>muss</emphasis> sich dann ein passender Eintrag in <filename>/" +#~ "etc/shadow</filename> befinden, oder das Benutzerkonto ist ungültig. Wenn " +#~ "das <emphasis>Passwort</emphasis>-Feld eine andere Zeichenkette enthält, " +#~ "wird diese als ein verschlüsseltes Passwort behandelt. Genaueres dazu " +#~ "befindet sich unter <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" +#~ "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>." + #~ msgid "-M" #~ msgstr "-M" diff --git a/man/po/fr.po b/man/po/fr.po index 8418207a..89f69b46 100644 --- a/man/po/fr.po +++ b/man/po/fr.po @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: shadow-man-pages 4.0.18\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-06-13 11:47-0500\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-01 11:37-0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2019-01-30 21:55+0100\n" "Last-Translator: Jean-Philippe MENGUAL <mengualjeanphi@free.fr>\n" "Language-Team: French <debian-l10n-french@lists.debian.org>\n" @@ -340,9 +340,9 @@ msgstr "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>" msgid "Edit group database." msgstr "Éditer la base de données de groupes." -#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:267(term) -#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:186(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) -#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:277(term) +#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:196(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:295(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:129(term) groupmems.8.xml:142(term) groupdel.8.xml:95(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:131(term) gpasswd.1.xml:173(term) faillog.8.xml:122(term) #: expiry.1.xml:112(term) chsh.1.xml:101(term) chpasswd.8.xml:171(term) @@ -350,9 +350,9 @@ msgstr "Éditer la base de données de groupes." msgid "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" msgstr "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" -#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:269(para) -#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:188(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:279(para) +#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:198(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:297(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:131(para) groupmems.8.xml:144(para) groupdel.8.xml:97(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:133(para) gpasswd.1.xml:175(para) faillog.8.xml:124(para) #: expiry.1.xml:114(para) chsh.1.xml:103(para) chpasswd.8.xml:173(para) @@ -368,7 +368,7 @@ msgstr "<option>-p</option>, <option>--passwd</option>" msgid "Edit passwd database." msgstr "Éditer la base de données passwd." -#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:192(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:202(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) msgid "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" @@ -376,13 +376,13 @@ msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgid "Quiet mode." msgstr "Mode silencieux." -#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:312(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) -#: useradd.8.xml:446(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:209(term) -#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:308(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:332(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:456(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:219(term) +#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:320(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) #: grpck.8.xml:173(term) groupmod.8.xml:178(term) groupmems.8.xml:165(term) #: groupdel.8.xml:101(term) groupadd.8.xml:204(term) faillog.8.xml:180(term) #: chsh.1.xml:107(term) chpasswd.8.xml:188(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:146(term) -#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:197(term) +#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:203(term) msgid "" "<option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option> <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -390,13 +390,13 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option> <replaceable>RÉP_CHROOT</" "replaceable>" -#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:316(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:450(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:213(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:312(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:336(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:460(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:324(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) #: grpck.8.xml:177(para) groupmod.8.xml:182(para) groupmems.8.xml:169(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:105(para) groupadd.8.xml:208(para) gpasswd.1.xml:185(para) #: faillog.8.xml:184(para) chsh.1.xml:111(para) chpasswd.8.xml:192(para) -#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:201(para) +#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:207(para) msgid "" "Apply changes in the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> directory and use " "the configuration files from the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> " @@ -422,26 +422,26 @@ msgstr "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option>" msgid "Indicates which user's tcb shadow file to edit." msgstr "Indique l'utilisateur dont le fichier shadow de tcb doit être édité." -#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:514(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:665(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:252(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:534(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:675(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:262(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:374(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:205(title) grpck.8.xml:209(title) groupmod.8.xml:210(title) #: groupmems.8.xml:199(title) groupdel.8.xml:145(title) #: groupadd.8.xml:236(title) gpasswd.1.xml:264(title) chsh.1.xml:154(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:239(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:198(title) chfn.1.xml:193(title) -#: chage.1.xml:244(title) +#: chage.1.xml:250(title) msgid "CONFIGURATION" msgstr "CONFIGURATION" -#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:515(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:666(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) -#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:363(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:535(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:676(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:263(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:375(para) #: newgrp.1.xml:110(para) login.1.xml:295(para) lastlog.8.xml:206(para) #: grpck.8.xml:210(para) groupmod.8.xml:211(para) groupmems.8.xml:200(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:146(para) groupadd.8.xml:237(para) gpasswd.1.xml:265(para) #: chsh.1.xml:155(para) chpasswd.8.xml:240(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:199(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:245(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:251(para) msgid "" "The following configuration variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" "filename> change the behavior of this tool:" @@ -487,11 +487,11 @@ msgstr "EDITOR" msgid "Editor to be used if <option>VISUAL</option> is not set." msgstr "L'éditeur à utiliser si <option>VISUAL</option> n'est pas définie." -#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:532(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:694(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:552(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:704(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) #: sg.1.xml:110(title) shadow.5.xml:255(title) shadow.3.xml:226(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:269(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:141(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:397(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:279(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:160(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:409(title) #: newgrp.1.xml:121(title) logoutd.8.xml:89(title) #: login.access.5.xml:121(title) login.1.xml:338(title) limits.5.xml:196(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:217(title) gshadow.5.xml:156(title) grpck.8.xml:221(title) @@ -499,13 +499,13 @@ msgstr "L'éditeur à utiliser si <option>VISUAL</option> n'est pas définie." #: groupdel.8.xml:157(title) groupadd.8.xml:250(title) gpasswd.1.xml:279(title) #: faillog.8.xml:243(title) faillog.5.xml:96(title) expiry.1.xml:121(title) #: chsh.1.xml:167(title) chpasswd.8.xml:255(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:213(title) -#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:256(title) +#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:262(title) msgid "FILES" msgstr "FICHIERS" -#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:535(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:709(filename) -#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:272(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:555(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:719(filename) +#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:282(filename) newusers.8.xml:424(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:136(filename) gshadow.5.xml:159(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:224(filename) groups.1.xml:103(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:225(filename) groupmems.8.xml:214(filename) @@ -515,18 +515,18 @@ msgstr "FICHIERS" msgid "/etc/group" msgstr "/etc/group" -#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:537(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:711(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:274(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:557(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:721(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:284(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) #: grpck.8.xml:226(para) groups.1.xml:105(para) groupmod.8.xml:227(para) #: groupmems.8.xml:216(para) groupdel.8.xml:162(para) groupadd.8.xml:255(para) #: gpasswd.1.xml:284(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:218(para) msgid "Group account information." msgstr "Informations sur les groupes." -#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:541(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:715(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:561(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:725(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) #: gshadow.5.xml:165(filename) grpck.8.xml:230(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:231(filename) groupmems.8.xml:220(filename) #: groupdel.8.xml:166(filename) groupadd.8.xml:259(filename) @@ -535,63 +535,63 @@ msgstr "Informations sur les groupes." msgid "/etc/gshadow" msgstr "/etc/gshadow" -#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:543(para) useradd.8.xml:717(para) -#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:563(para) useradd.8.xml:727(para) +#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:432(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) #: gshadow.5.xml:167(para) grpck.8.xml:232(para) groupmod.8.xml:233(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:168(para) groupadd.8.xml:261(para) gpasswd.1.xml:290(para) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:224(para) msgid "Secure group account information." msgstr "Informations sécurisées sur les groupes." -#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:553(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:697(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:573(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:707(filename) #: su.1.xml:369(filename) sg.1.xml:113(filename) shadow.5.xml:258(filename) -#: pwck.8.xml:278(filename) passwd.5.xml:144(filename) -#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:400(filename) +#: pwck.8.xml:288(filename) passwd.5.xml:163(filename) +#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:124(filename) login.1.xml:353(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:236(filename) groupmod.8.xml:243(filename) #: expiry.1.xml:124(filename) chsh.1.xml:170(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:258(filename) chfn.1.xml:216(filename) -#: chage.1.xml:260(filename) +#: chage.1.xml:266(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd" msgstr "/etc/passwd" -#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:555(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:699(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:280(para) passwd.5.xml:146(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:402(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:575(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:709(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:290(para) passwd.5.xml:165(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) #: login.1.xml:355(para) grpck.8.xml:238(para) groupmod.8.xml:245(para) #: expiry.1.xml:126(para) chsh.1.xml:172(para) chpasswd.8.xml:260(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:263(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:269(para) msgid "User account information." msgstr "Informations sur les comptes des utilisateurs." -#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:559(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:703(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:579(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:713(filename) #: su.1.xml:375(filename) sg.1.xml:119(filename) shadow.5.xml:264(filename) -#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:284(filename) -#: passwd.5.xml:150(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:406(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) +#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:294(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:169(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) #: login.1.xml:359(filename) expiry.1.xml:130(filename) -#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:268(filename) +#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:274(filename) msgid "/etc/shadow" msgstr "/etc/shadow" -#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:561(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:705(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:286(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:408(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:581(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:715(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:296(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) #: login.1.xml:361(para) expiry.1.xml:132(para) chpasswd.8.xml:266(para) -#: chage.1.xml:271(para) +#: chage.1.xml:277(para) msgid "Secure user account information." msgstr "Informations sécurisées sur les comptes utilisateurs." -#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:580(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:823(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:600(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:833(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) #: sg.1.xml:140(title) shadow.5.xml:283(title) shadow.3.xml:238(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:344(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:169(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:451(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:354(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:188(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:463(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) #: login.defs.5.xml:543(title) login.access.5.xml:133(title) #: login.1.xml:398(title) limits.5.xml:206(title) gshadow.5.xml:174(title) #: grpck.8.xml:290(title) groups.1.xml:112(title) groupmod.8.xml:321(title) @@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ msgstr "Informations sécurisées sur les comptes utilisateurs." #: groupadd.8.xml:341(title) gpasswd.1.xml:297(title) faillog.8.xml:255(title) #: faillog.5.xml:108(title) expiry.1.xml:139(title) chsh.1.xml:191(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:285(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:237(title) chfn.1.xml:225(title) -#: chage.1.xml:311(title) +#: chage.1.xml:317(title) msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "VOIR AUSSI" @@ -712,7 +712,18 @@ msgstr "" "Ajouter l'utilisateur aux groupes supplémentaires. N'utilisez cette option " "qu'avec l'option <option>-G</option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) useradd.8.xml:151(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) usermod.8.xml:122(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" +msgid "<option>-b</option>, <option>--badnames</option>" +msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" + +#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) usermod.8.xml:126(para) useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:190(para) newusers.8.xml:275(para) +msgid "Allow names that do not conform to standards." +msgstr "" + +#: usermod.8.xml:132(term) useradd.8.xml:161(term) msgid "" "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> <replaceable>COMMENT</" "replaceable>" @@ -720,7 +731,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> " "<replaceable>COMMENTAIRE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:136(para) msgid "" "The new value of the user's password file comment field. It is normally " "modified using the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" @@ -731,7 +742,7 @@ msgstr "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>." -#: usermod.8.xml:125(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:145(term) msgid "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -739,11 +750,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option> <replaceable>RÉP_PERSO</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:129(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) msgid "The user's new login directory." msgstr "Le nouveau répertoire personnel de l'utilisateur." -#: usermod.8.xml:132(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:152(para) msgid "" "If the <option>-m</option> option is given, the contents of the current home " "directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it " @@ -753,7 +764,7 @@ msgstr "" "personnel actuel sera déplacé dans le nouveau répertoire personnel, qui sera " "créé si nécessaire." -#: usermod.8.xml:141(term) useradd.8.xml:189(term) useradd.8.xml:566(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:199(term) useradd.8.xml:576(term) msgid "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>" @@ -761,7 +772,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>DATE_FIN_VALIDITÉ</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:145(para) useradd.8.xml:193(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) useradd.8.xml:203(para) msgid "" "The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified " "in the format <emphasis remap=\"I\">YYYY-MM-DD</emphasis>." @@ -769,7 +780,7 @@ msgstr "" "Date à laquelle le compte utilisateur sera désactivé. La date est indiquée " "dans le format <emphasis remap=\"I\">AAAA-MM-JJ</emphasis>." -#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) msgid "" "An empty <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> argument will disable the " "expiration of the account." @@ -777,7 +788,7 @@ msgstr "" "Un paramètre <replaceable>DATE_FIN_VALIDITÉ</replaceable> vide désactivera " "l'expiration du compte." -#: usermod.8.xml:153(para) usermod.8.xml:174(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:173(para) usermod.8.xml:194(para) msgid "" "This option requires a <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. A <filename>/" "etc/shadow</filename> entry will be created if there were none." @@ -785,7 +796,7 @@ msgstr "" "Cette option nécessite un fichier <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>. Une " "entrée <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> sera créée si il n'y en avait pas." -#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:206(term) useradd.8.xml:578(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:181(term) useradd.8.xml:216(term) useradd.8.xml:588(term) msgid "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" @@ -793,7 +804,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> " "<replaceable>DURÉE_INACTIVITÉ</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:185(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently " "disabled." @@ -801,7 +812,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nombre de jours suivant la fin de validité d'un mot de passe après lequel le " "compte est définitivement désactivé." -#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:189(para) msgid "" "A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a " "value of -1 disables the feature." @@ -809,7 +820,7 @@ msgstr "" "Une valeur de 0 désactive le compte dès que le mot de passe a dépassé sa fin " "de validité, et une valeur de -1 désactive cette fonctionnalité." -#: usermod.8.xml:182(term) useradd.8.xml:225(term) useradd.8.xml:593(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:202(term) useradd.8.xml:235(term) useradd.8.xml:603(term) msgid "" "<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option> <replaceable>GROUP</" "replaceable>" @@ -817,7 +828,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option> <replaceable>GROUPE</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:186(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:206(para) msgid "" "The group name or number of the user's new initial login group. The group " "must exist." @@ -825,7 +836,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nom du groupe ou identifiant numérique du groupe de connexion initial de " "l'utilisateur. Le groupe doit exister." -#: usermod.8.xml:190(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:210(para) msgid "" "Any file from the user's home directory owned by the previous primary group " "of the user will be owned by this new group." @@ -833,7 +844,7 @@ msgstr "" "Tout fichier du répertoire personnel de l'utilisateur appartenant au groupe " "primaire précédent de l'utilisateur appartiendra à ce nouveau groupe." -#: usermod.8.xml:194(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:214(para) msgid "" "The group ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be " "fixed manually." @@ -841,7 +852,7 @@ msgstr "" "Le groupe propriétaire des fichiers en dehors du répertoire personnel de " "l'utilisateur doit être modifié manuellement." -#: usermod.8.xml:201(term) useradd.8.xml:252(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) useradd.8.xml:262(term) msgid "" "<option>-G</option>, <option>--groups</option> <replaceable>GROUP1</" "replaceable>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GROUP2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap=\"I" @@ -851,7 +862,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GROUPE2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap=" "\"I\">,GROUPEN</emphasis>]]]" -#: usermod.8.xml:205(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " "group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. " @@ -863,7 +874,7 @@ msgstr "" "espace entre eux. Les groupes sont soumis aux mêmes restrictions que celles " "de l'option <option>-g</option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:212(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:232(para) msgid "" "If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user " "will be removed from the group. This behaviour can be changed via the " @@ -875,7 +886,7 @@ msgstr "" "l'option <option>-a</option>, qui permet d'ajouter l'utilisateur à la liste " "actuelle des groupes supplémentaires." -#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:241(term) msgid "" "<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option> <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</" "replaceable>" @@ -883,7 +894,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option> " "<replaceable>NOUVEAU_LOGIN</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) msgid "" "The name of the user will be changed from <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> " "to <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</replaceable>. Nothing else is changed. In " @@ -896,11 +907,11 @@ msgstr "" "lettres de l'utilisateur devrontprobablement être changés pour refléter le " "nouveau nom de connexion." -#: usermod.8.xml:235(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:255(term) msgid "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" msgstr "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:239(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:259(para) msgid "" "Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the encrypted password, " "effectively disabling the password. You can't use this option with <option>-" @@ -911,7 +922,7 @@ msgstr "" "pouvez pas utiliser cette option avec <option>-p</option> ou <option>-U</" "option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:265(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you " "should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> to " @@ -921,17 +932,17 @@ msgstr "" "par un mot de passe), il est également nécessaire de placer " "<replaceable>DATE_FIN_VALIDITÉ</replaceable> à <replaceable>1</replaceable>." -#: usermod.8.xml:254(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--move-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--move-home</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:258(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) msgid "Move the content of the user's home directory to the new location." msgstr "" "Déplacer le contenu du répertoire personnel de l'utilisateur vers un nouvel " "emplacement." -#: usermod.8.xml:262(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:282(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-d</option> (or " "<option>--home</option>) option." @@ -939,7 +950,7 @@ msgstr "" "Cette option ne fonctionne que lorsqu'elle est combinée avec l'option " "<option>-d</option> (ou <option>--home</option>)." -#: usermod.8.xml:266(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:286(para) msgid "" "<command>usermod</command> will try to adapt the ownership of the files and " "to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be " @@ -949,12 +960,12 @@ msgstr "" "et de copier les modes, ACL et attributs étendus. Cependant, vous risquez de " "devoir procéder à des modifications vous-même." -#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) useradd.8.xml:386(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:294(term) useradd.8.xml:396(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:157(term) msgid "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" msgstr "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:298(para) msgid "" "When used with the <option>-u</option> option, this option allows to change " "the user ID to a non-unique value." @@ -962,7 +973,7 @@ msgstr "" "En combinaison avec l'option <option>-u</option>, cette option permet de " "changer l'identifiant utilisateur vers une valeur déjà utilisée." -#: usermod.8.xml:285(term) useradd.8.xml:398(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:305(term) useradd.8.xml:408(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:167(term) msgid "" "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option> <replaceable>PASSWORD</" @@ -971,7 +982,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option> " "<replaceable>MOT_DE_PASSE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:289(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:309(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) msgid "" "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>." @@ -979,7 +990,7 @@ msgstr "" "Mot de passe chiffré, comme renvoyé par <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>." -#: usermod.8.xml:294(para) useradd.8.xml:407(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:314(para) useradd.8.xml:417(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:176(para) msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"bold\">Note:</emphasis> This option is not recommended " @@ -990,7 +1001,7 @@ msgstr "" "est déconseillée car le mot de passe (ou le mot de passe chiffré) peut être " "visible des utilisateurs qui affichent la liste des processus. " -#: usermod.8.xml:299(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:319(para) msgid "" "The password will be written in the local <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " "or <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. This might differ from the " @@ -1001,7 +1012,7 @@ msgstr "" "différent de la base de données de mots de passe définie dans la " "configuration de PAM." -#: usermod.8.xml:305(para) useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:325(para) useradd.8.xml:422(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:181(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the password respects the system's password policy." @@ -1009,7 +1020,7 @@ msgstr "" "Il est nécessaire de vérifier si le mot de passe respecte la politique de " "mots de passe du système." -#: usermod.8.xml:324(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:344(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:468(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:190(term) groupdel.8.xml:113(term) groupadd.8.xml:216(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" @@ -1022,7 +1033,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option> <replaceable>RÉP_PERSO</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:328(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:348(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:472(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:194(para) groupdel.8.xml:117(para) groupadd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "" "Apply changes in the <replaceable>PREFIX_DIR</replaceable> directory and use " @@ -1032,7 +1043,7 @@ msgid "" "verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:341(term) useradd.8.xml:475(term) useradd.8.xml:613(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:361(term) useradd.8.xml:485(term) useradd.8.xml:623(term) #: su.1.xml:186(term) chsh.1.xml:119(term) msgid "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" @@ -1041,7 +1052,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> " "<replaceable>INTERPRÉTEUR</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:345(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:365(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank causes " "the system to select the default login shell." @@ -1050,7 +1061,7 @@ msgstr "" "l'utilisateur. Si ce champ est vide, le système sélectionnera l'interpréteur " "de commandes initial par défaut." -#: usermod.8.xml:352(term) useradd.8.xml:489(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:372(term) useradd.8.xml:499(term) msgid "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</" "replaceable>" @@ -1058,11 +1069,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:356(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:376(para) msgid "The new numerical value of the user's ID." msgstr "La valeur numérique de l'identifiant de l'utilisateur." -#: usermod.8.xml:359(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:379(para) msgid "" "This value must be unique, unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. " "The value must be non-negative." @@ -1070,7 +1081,7 @@ msgstr "" "Cette valeur doit être unique, à moins que l'option <option>-o</option> ne " "soit utilisée. La valeur ne doit pas être négative." -#: usermod.8.xml:364(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:384(para) msgid "" "The user's mailbox, and any files which the user owns and which are located " "in the user's home directory will have the file user ID changed " @@ -1080,7 +1091,7 @@ msgstr "" "sont situés dans son répertoire personnel verront leur identifiant " "d'utilisateur automatiquement modifié." -#: usermod.8.xml:369(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:389(para) msgid "" "The ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed " "manually." @@ -1088,7 +1099,7 @@ msgstr "" "Le propriétaire des fichiers en dehors du répertoire personnel de " "l'utilisateur doit être modifié manuellement." -#: usermod.8.xml:373(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:393(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>UID_MIN</option>, " "<option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>SYS_UID_MIN</option>, or " @@ -1098,11 +1109,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>SYS_UID_MIN</option>, ou " "<option>SYS_UID_MAX</option> du fichier <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." -#: usermod.8.xml:382(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" msgstr "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:386(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) msgid "" "Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the encrypted " "password. You can't use this option with <option>-p</option> or <option>-L</" @@ -1112,7 +1123,7 @@ msgstr "" "devant le mot de passe chiffré. Vous ne pouvez pas utiliser cette option " "avec <option>-p</option> ou <option>-L</option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:391(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:411(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), " "you should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> (for example " @@ -1125,7 +1136,7 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>99999</replaceable> ou à la valeur <option>EXPIRE</option> dans " "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>)." -#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:422(term) msgid "" "<option>-v</option>, <option>--add-subuids</option> <replaceable>FIRST</" "replaceable>-<replaceable>LAST</replaceable>" @@ -1133,11 +1144,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-v</option>, <option>--add-subuids</option> <replaceable>PREMIER</" "replaceable>-<replaceable>DERNIER</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:426(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate uids to the user's account." msgstr "Ajoute une plage d'UIDs subalternes au compte de l'utilisateur." -#: usermod.8.xml:409(para) usermod.8.xml:447(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:429(para) usermod.8.xml:467(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a " "users account." @@ -1145,7 +1156,7 @@ msgstr "" "Vous pouvez indiquer plusieurs fois cette option, pour ajouter plusieurs " "plages de comptes utilisateurs." -#: usermod.8.xml:412(para) usermod.8.xml:432(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:432(para) usermod.8.xml:452(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to <option>SUB_UID_MIN</option>, " "<option>SUB_UID_MAX</option>, or <option>SUB_UID_COUNT</option> from /etc/" @@ -1155,7 +1166,7 @@ msgstr "" "option>, <option>SUB_UID_MAX</option>, ou <option>SUB_UID_COUNT</option> du " "fichier <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." -#: usermod.8.xml:420(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) msgid "" "<option>-V</option>, <option>--del-subuids</option> <replaceable>FIRST</" "replaceable>-<replaceable>LAST</replaceable>" @@ -1163,11 +1174,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-V</option>, <option>--del-subuids</option> <replaceable>PREMIER</" "replaceable>-<replaceable>DERNIER</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:424(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) msgid "Remove a range of subordinate uids from the user's account." msgstr "Supprime une plage d'Uids subalternes du compte de l'utilisateur." -#: usermod.8.xml:427(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:447(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subuids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1180,7 +1191,7 @@ msgstr "" "les plages d'uids subalternes se fait avant tout ajout d'une plage d'uids " "subalternes." -#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:460(term) msgid "" "<option>-w</option>, <option>--add-subgids</option> <replaceable>FIRST</" "replaceable>-<replaceable>LAST</replaceable>" @@ -1188,11 +1199,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-w</option>, <option>--add-subgids</option> <replaceable>PREMIER</" "replaceable>-<replaceable>DERNIER</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:464(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate gids to the user's account." msgstr "Ajoute une plage de gids subalternes au compte d'un utilisateur." -#: usermod.8.xml:450(para) usermod.8.xml:470(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:470(para) usermod.8.xml:490(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to <option>SUB_GID_MIN</option>, " "<option>SUB_GID_MAX</option>, or <option>SUB_GID_COUNT</option> from /etc/" @@ -1202,7 +1213,7 @@ msgstr "" "option>, <option>SUB_GID_MAX</option>, ou <option>SUB_GID_COUNT</option> du " "fichier <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." -#: usermod.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) msgid "" "<option>-W</option>, <option>--del-subgids</option> <replaceable>FIRST</" "replaceable>-<replaceable>LAST</replaceable>" @@ -1210,11 +1221,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-W</option>, <option>--del-subgids</option> <replaceable>PREMIER</" "replaceable>-<replaceable>DERNIER</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) msgid "Remove a range of subordinate gids from the user's account." msgstr "Supprime une plage de gids subalternes du compte de l'utilisateur." -#: usermod.8.xml:465(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subgids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1227,7 +1238,7 @@ msgstr "" "touts les plages de gids subalternes se fera aant tout ajout d'une plage de " "gids subalternes." -#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) useradd.8.xml:524(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:498(term) useradd.8.xml:534(term) msgid "" "<option>-Z</option>, <option>--selinux-user</option> " "<replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable>" @@ -1235,12 +1246,12 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-Z</option>, <option>--selinux-user</option> " "<replaceable>UTILISATEUR_SELINUX</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:502(para) msgid "The new SELinux user for the user's login." msgstr "" "Le nouvel utilisateur SELinux utilisé pour la connexion de l'utilisateur." -#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:505(para) msgid "" "A blank <replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable> will remove the SELinux user " "mapping for user <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> (if any)." @@ -1249,16 +1260,16 @@ msgstr "" "de l'utilisateur SELinux pour l'utilisateur <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> " "(si spécifiée)" -#: usermod.8.xml:496(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:641(title) +#: usermod.8.xml:516(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:651(title) #: su.1.xml:330(title) shadow.3.xml:218(title) passwd.1.xml:377(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:350(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) #: groupdel.8.xml:133(title) groupadd.8.xml:274(title) gpasswd.1.xml:252(title) #: faillog.8.xml:232(title) chpasswd.8.xml:231(title) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:186(title) msgid "CAVEATS" msgstr "AVERTISSEMENTS" -#: usermod.8.xml:497(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:517(para) msgid "" "You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes " "when this command is being executed if the user's numerical user ID, the " @@ -1273,7 +1284,7 @@ msgstr "" "Linux mais vérifie seulement les informations d'utmp sur les autres " "architectures pour vérifier si l'utilisateur est connecté." -#: usermod.8.xml:504(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:524(para) msgid "" "You must change the owner of any <command>crontab</command> files or " "<command>at</command> jobs manually." @@ -1282,7 +1293,7 @@ msgstr "" "<command>crontab</command> ou des travaux programmés par <command>at</" "command>." -#: usermod.8.xml:508(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:528(para) msgid "You must make any changes involving NIS on the NIS server." msgstr "" "Les modifications qui concernent NIS doivent être effectuées sur le serveur " @@ -1573,10 +1584,10 @@ msgstr "" "user, mais sera calculé en fonction de l'UID de l'utilisateur, à l'aide de " "l'algorithme suivant : <placeholder-1/>" -#: usermod.8.xml:547(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:745(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:567(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:755(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) #: pwconv.8.xml:253(filename) passwd.1.xml:428(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:424(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:436(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) #: login.1.xml:389(filename) groupmod.8.xml:237(filename) #: groupadd.8.xml:265(filename) chsh.1.xml:182(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:270(filename) chgpasswd.8.xml:228(filename) @@ -1584,36 +1595,36 @@ msgstr "" msgid "/etc/login.defs" msgstr "/etc/login.defs" -#: usermod.8.xml:549(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:747(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:569(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:757(para) #: su.1.xml:383(para) pwconv.8.xml:255(para) passwd.1.xml:430(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:239(para) groupadd.8.xml:267(para) chsh.1.xml:184(para) #: chpasswd.8.xml:272(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:230(para) chfn.1.xml:212(para) msgid "Shadow password suite configuration." msgstr "" "Configuration de la suite des mots de passe cachés « shadow password »." -#: usermod.8.xml:565(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:733(filename) newusers.8.xml:436(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:585(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:743(filename) newusers.8.xml:448(filename) msgid "/etc/subgid" msgstr "/etc/subgid" -#: usermod.8.xml:567(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:735(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:587(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:745(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:450(para) msgid "Per user subordinate group IDs." msgstr "IDs des groupes subalternes d'un utilisateur." -#: usermod.8.xml:571(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:739(filename) newusers.8.xml:442(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:591(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:749(filename) newusers.8.xml:454(filename) msgid "/etc/subuid" msgstr "/etc/subuid" -#: usermod.8.xml:573(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:741(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:593(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:751(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:456(para) msgid "Per user subordinate user IDs." msgstr "IDs de utilisateurs subalternes d'un utilisateur." -#: usermod.8.xml:581(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:601(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chsh</" @@ -1857,58 +1868,58 @@ msgstr "" "contient pas d'autres membres, et <command>useradd</command> créera par " "défaut un groupe portant le nom de l'utilisateur." -#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:754(title) su.1.xml:390(title) -#: pwck.8.xml:293(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) +#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:764(title) su.1.xml:390(title) +#: pwck.8.xml:303(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) #: groupmod.8.xml:252(title) groupdel.8.xml:175(title) -#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:278(title) +#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:284(title) msgid "EXIT VALUES" msgstr "VALEURS DE RETOUR" -#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:759(replaceable) -#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:298(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:769(replaceable) +#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:308(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:448(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:250(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:257(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:180(replaceable) -#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:283(replaceable) +#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) msgid "0" msgstr "0" -#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:761(para) pwck.8.xml:300(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:771(para) pwck.8.xml:310(para) #: passwd.1.xml:450(para) grpck.8.xml:252(para) groupdel.8.xml:182(para) -#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:285(para) +#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) msgid "success" msgstr "succès" -#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:765(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:775(replaceable) #: su.1.xml:75(manvolnum) su.1.xml:415(replaceable) sg.1.xml:59(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:304(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:314(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) #: passwd.1.xml:454(replaceable) newgrp.1.xml:59(manvolnum) #: login.1.xml:91(manvolnum) grpck.8.xml:256(replaceable) #: groups.1.xml:58(manvolnum) gpasswd.1.xml:63(manvolnum) #: expiry.1.xml:62(manvolnum) chsh.1.xml:61(manvolnum) chfn.1.xml:61(manvolnum) -#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) msgid "1" msgstr "1" -#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:767(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:777(para) msgid "can't update password file" msgstr "impossible de mettre à jour le fichier des mots de passe" -#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:771(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:310(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:781(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:320(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:262(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:263(replaceable) #: groupdel.8.xml:186(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:307(replaceable) -#: chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) msgid "2" msgstr "2" -#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:773(para) pwck.8.xml:306(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:783(para) pwck.8.xml:316(para) #: grpck.8.xml:258(para) groupdel.8.xml:188(para) groupadd.8.xml:309(para) -#: chage.1.xml:297(para) +#: chage.1.xml:303(para) msgid "invalid command syntax" msgstr "erreur de syntaxe" -#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:789(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:334(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:799(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:344(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:281(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:192(replaceable) msgid "6" msgstr "6" @@ -1921,18 +1932,18 @@ msgstr "l'utilisateur indiqué n'existe pas" msgid "user currently logged in" msgstr "l'utilisateur est actuellement connecté" -#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:801(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:811(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:293(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:204(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:331(replaceable) msgid "10" msgstr "10" -#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:803(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:813(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:333(para) msgid "can't update group file" msgstr "impossible de mettre à jour le fichier des groupes" -#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:807(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:817(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:305(replaceable) msgid "12" msgstr "12" @@ -2085,7 +2096,11 @@ msgid "The options which apply to the <command>useradd</command> command are:" msgstr "" "Les options disponibles pour la commande <command>useradd</command> sont :" -#: useradd.8.xml:130(term) useradd.8.xml:548(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:131(option) pwck.8.xml:187(option) newusers.8.xml:272(option) +msgid "--badname" +msgstr "" + +#: useradd.8.xml:140(term) useradd.8.xml:558(term) msgid "" "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -2093,7 +2108,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> <replaceable>RÉP_BASE</" "replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The default base directory for the system if <option>-d</option> " "<replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> is not specified. <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" @@ -2107,7 +2122,7 @@ msgstr "" "définir le répertoire personnel. Quand l'option <option>-m</option> n'est " "pas utilisée, <replaceable>RÉP_BASE</replaceable> doit exister." -#: useradd.8.xml:141(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:151(para) msgid "" "If this option is not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the " "base directory specified by the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/" @@ -2118,7 +2133,7 @@ msgstr "" "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> ou <filename>/home</filename> par " "défaut." -#: useradd.8.xml:155(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:165(para) msgid "" "Any text string. It is generally a short description of the login, and is " "currently used as the field for the user's full name." @@ -2127,7 +2142,7 @@ msgstr "" "elle est actuellement utilisée comme champ pour le nom complet de " "l'utilisateur." -#: useradd.8.xml:163(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:173(term) msgid "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -2135,7 +2150,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> " "<replaceable>RÉP_PERSO</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:167(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:177(para) msgid "" "The new user will be created using <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> as " "the value for the user's login directory. The default is to append the " @@ -2152,16 +2167,16 @@ msgstr "" "nécessaire que le répertoire <replaceable>RÉP_PERSO</replaceable> existe " "mais il ne sera pas créé s'il n'existe pas." -#: useradd.8.xml:179(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:189(term) msgid "<option>-D</option>, <option>--defaults</option>" msgstr "<option>-D</option>, <option>--defaults</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:183(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:193(para) msgid "See below, the subsection \"Changing the default values\"." msgstr "" "Consultez ci-dessous la sous-section « Modifier les valeurs par défaut »." -#: useradd.8.xml:197(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:207(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default expiry " "date specified by the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" @@ -2172,7 +2187,7 @@ msgstr "" "etc/default/useradd</filename> ou une chaîne vide (pas d'expiration) par " "défaut." -#: useradd.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently " "disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has " @@ -2183,7 +2198,7 @@ msgstr "" "que le mot de passe a dépassé sa fin de validité, et une valeur de -1 " "désactive cette fonctionnalité." -#: useradd.8.xml:216(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:226(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default inactivity " "period specified by the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" @@ -2193,7 +2208,7 @@ msgstr "" "par défaut précisée par la variable <option>INACTIVE</option> dans " "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>, ou -1 par défaut." -#: useradd.8.xml:229(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:239(para) msgid "" "The group name or number of the user's initial login group. The group name " "must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group." @@ -2202,7 +2217,7 @@ msgstr "" "l'utilisateur. Le nom du groupe doit exister. Un numéro de groupe doit se " "référer à un groupe déjà existant." -#: useradd.8.xml:234(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "If not specified, the behavior of <command>useradd</command> will depend on " "the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> variable in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" @@ -2226,7 +2241,7 @@ msgstr "" "la valeur précisée par la variable <option>GROUP</option> dans <filename>/" "etc/default/useradd</filename>, ou 100 par défaut." -#: useradd.8.xml:256(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:266(para) msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " "group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. " @@ -2240,7 +2255,7 @@ msgstr "" "de l'option <option>-g</option>. Le comportement par défaut pour " "l'utilisateur est de n'appartenir qu'au groupe initial." -#: useradd.8.xml:273(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:283(term) msgid "" "<option>-k</option>, <option>--skel</option> <replaceable>SKEL_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -2248,7 +2263,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-k</option>, <option>--skel</option> " "<replaceable>RÉP_SQUELETTE</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:277(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:287(para) msgid "" "The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in " "the user's home directory, when the home directory is created by " @@ -2258,7 +2273,7 @@ msgstr "" "copiés dans le répertoire personnel de l'utilisateur, quand le répertoire " "personnel est créé par <command>useradd</command>." -#: useradd.8.xml:282(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid if the <option>-m</option> (or <option>--create-" "home</option>) option is specified." @@ -2266,7 +2281,7 @@ msgstr "" "Cette option n'est valable que si l'option <option>-m</option> (ou <option>--" "create-home</option>) est utilisée." -#: useradd.8.xml:286(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:296(para) msgid "" "If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the " "<option>SKEL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> " @@ -2276,11 +2291,11 @@ msgstr "" "la variable <option>SKEL</option> dans <filename>/etc/default/useradd</" "filename> ou, par défaut, <filename>/etc/skel</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) msgid "If possible, the ACLs and extended attributes are copied." msgstr "Si possible, les ACL et les attributs étendus seront copiés." -#: useradd.8.xml:298(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:308(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) msgid "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VALUE</replaceable>" @@ -2288,7 +2303,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>CLÉ</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VALEUR</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:312(para) msgid "" "Overrides <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> defaults (<option>UID_MIN</" "option>, <option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>UMASK</option>, " @@ -2313,15 +2328,15 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>=<replaceable>100</replaceable> <option>-K</option> " "<replaceable>UID_MAX</replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:323(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:333(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--no-log-init</option>" msgstr "<option>-l</option>, <option>--no-log-init</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:325(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:335(para) msgid "Do not add the user to the lastlog and faillog databases." msgstr "N'ajoute pas l'utilisateur aux bases de données lastlog et faillog." -#: useradd.8.xml:328(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:338(para) msgid "" "By default, the user's entries in the lastlog and faillog databases are " "reset to avoid reusing the entry from a previously deleted user." @@ -2330,11 +2345,11 @@ msgstr "" "et faillog sont remises à zéro pour éviter de réutiliser les entrées d'un " "utilisateur précédemment supprimé." -#: useradd.8.xml:336(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:346(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:340(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:350(para) msgid "" "Create the user's home directory if it does not exist. The files and " "directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with " @@ -2345,7 +2360,7 @@ msgstr "" "être défini avec l'option <option>-k</option>) sera copié dans le répertoire " "personnel." -#: useradd.8.xml:346(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:356(para) msgid "" "By default, if this option is not specified and <option>CREATE_HOME</option> " "is not enabled, no home directories are created." @@ -2353,11 +2368,11 @@ msgstr "" "Par défaut, si cette option n'est pas précisée et si <option>CREATE_HOME</" "option> n'est pas activée, aucun répertoire personnel ne sera créé." -#: useradd.8.xml:354(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:364(term) msgid "<option>-M</option>, <option>--no-create-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-M</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:358(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:368(para) msgid "" "Do no create the user's home directory, even if the system wide setting from " "<filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> (<option>CREATE_HOME</option>) is set " @@ -2368,11 +2383,11 @@ msgstr "" "filename> (<option>CREATE_HOME</option>) est configurée à <replaceable>yes</" "replaceable>." -#: useradd.8.xml:367(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:377(term) msgid "<option>-N</option>, <option>--no-user-group</option>" msgstr "<option>-N</option>, <option>--no-user-group</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:371(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:381(para) msgid "" "Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to " "the group specified by the <option>-g</option> option or by the " @@ -2383,7 +2398,7 @@ msgstr "" "par la variable <option>GROUP</option> dans <filename>/etc/default/useradd</" "filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:377(para) useradd.8.xml:515(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:387(para) useradd.8.xml:525(para) msgid "" "The default behavior (if the <option>-g</option>, <option>-N</option>, and " "<option>-U</option> options are not specified) is defined by the " @@ -2395,18 +2410,18 @@ msgstr "" "variable <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> dans <filename>/etc/login.defs</" "filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:390(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:400(para) msgid "Allow the creation of a user account with a duplicate (non-unique) UID." msgstr "" "Permet de créer un compte d'utilisateur avec un identifiant (« UID ») " "dupliqué (non unique)." -#: useradd.8.xml:391(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:401(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-u</option> option." msgstr "Cette option n'est valable qu'avec l'option <option>-u</option>." -#: useradd.8.xml:402(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "" "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The default is to " @@ -2416,15 +2431,15 @@ msgstr "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>. Le comportement par défaut est de désactiver le mot de passe." -#: useradd.8.xml:419(term) newusers.8.xml:289(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:429(term) newusers.8.xml:301(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--system</option>" msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--system</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:423(para) newusers.8.xml:293(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:433(para) newusers.8.xml:305(para) msgid "Create a system account." msgstr "Créer un compte système." -#: useradd.8.xml:426(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:436(para) msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the " @@ -2440,7 +2455,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>UID_MIN</option>-<option>UID_MAX</option> (et leurs équivalents " "<option>GID</option> pour la création des groupes)." -#: useradd.8.xml:435(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:445(para) msgid "" "Note that <command>useradd</command> will not create a home directory for " "such a user, regardless of the default setting in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" @@ -2454,7 +2469,7 @@ msgstr "" "devez préciser l'option <option>-m</option> si vous voulez qu'un répertoire " "personnel soit créé pour un compte système." -#: useradd.8.xml:479(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:489(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's login shell. The default is to leave this field " "blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell specified " @@ -2467,7 +2482,7 @@ msgstr "" "variable <option>SHELL</option> dans <filename>/etc/default/useradd</" "filename>, ou une chaîne vide par défaut." -#: useradd.8.xml:493(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:503(para) msgid "" "The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the " "<option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be non-negative. The " @@ -2480,7 +2495,7 @@ msgstr "" "petite valeur d'identifiant à la fois supérieure ou égale à <option>UID_MIN</" "option> et supérieure aux identifiants de tous les autres utilisateurs." -#: useradd.8.xml:500(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:510(para) msgid "" "See also the <option>-r</option> option and the <option>UID_MAX</option> " "description." @@ -2488,11 +2503,11 @@ msgstr "" "Voir aussi aussi l'option <option>-r</option> et la description de " "<option>UID_MAX</option>." -#: useradd.8.xml:507(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:517(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--user-group</option>" msgstr "<option>-U</option>, <option>--user-group</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:511(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:521(para) msgid "" "Create a group with the same name as the user, and add the user to this " "group." @@ -2500,7 +2515,7 @@ msgstr "" "Crée un groupe avec le même nom que celui de l'utilisateur, et ajoute " "l'utilisateur à ce groupe." -#: useradd.8.xml:528(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:538(para) msgid "" "The SELinux user for the user's login. The default is to leave this field " "blank, which causes the system to select the default SELinux user." @@ -2509,11 +2524,11 @@ msgstr "" "comportement par défaut est de laisser ce champ vide. Le système " "sélectionnera alors l'utilisateur SELinux par défaut." -#: useradd.8.xml:538(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:548(title) msgid "Changing the default values" msgstr "Modifier les valeurs par défaut" -#: useradd.8.xml:539(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:549(para) msgid "" "When invoked with only the <option>-D</option> option, <command>useradd</" "command> will display the current default values. When invoked with <option>-" @@ -2526,7 +2541,7 @@ msgstr "" "<command>useradd</command> mettra à jour les valeurs par défaut des options " "précisées. Les options valables sont :" -#: useradd.8.xml:552(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:562(para) msgid "" "The path prefix for a new user's home directory. The user's name will be " "affixed to the end of <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> to form the new " @@ -2539,7 +2554,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option> n'est pas utilisée pendant la création d'un nouveau " "compte." -#: useradd.8.xml:559(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:569(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2547,11 +2562,11 @@ msgstr "" "Cette option configure la variable <option>HOME</option> dans <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:570(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:580(para) msgid "The date on which the user account is disabled." msgstr "Date à laquelle le compte utilisateur sera désactivé." -#: useradd.8.xml:571(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:581(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2559,7 +2574,7 @@ msgstr "" "Cette option configure la variable <option>EXPIRE</option> dans <filename>/" "etc/default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:582(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:592(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password has expired before the account will be " "disabled." @@ -2567,7 +2582,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nombre de jours après la fin de validité d'un mot de passe avant que le " "compte ne soit désactivé." -#: useradd.8.xml:586(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:596(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2575,7 +2590,7 @@ msgstr "" "Cette option configure la variable <option>INACTIVE</option> dans <filename>/" "etc/default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:597(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:607(para) msgid "" "The group name or ID for a new user's initial group (when the <option>-N/--" "no-user-group</option> is used or when the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> " @@ -2590,7 +2605,7 @@ msgstr "" "nom du groupe doit exister, et un identifiant de groupe numérique doit avoir " "une entrée existante." -#: useradd.8.xml:606(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:616(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>GROUP</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2598,11 +2613,11 @@ msgstr "" "Cette option configure la variable <option>GROUP</option> dans <filename>/" "etc/default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:617(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:627(para) msgid "The name of a new user's login shell." msgstr "Le nom de l'interpréteur de commandes du nouvel utilisateur." -#: useradd.8.xml:620(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:630(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>SHELL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2610,11 +2625,11 @@ msgstr "" "Cette option configure la variable <option>SHELL</option> dans <filename>/" "etc/default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:632(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:642(title) msgid "NOTES" msgstr "NOTES" -#: useradd.8.xml:633(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:643(para) msgid "" "The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files " "in the <filename>/etc/skel/</filename> directory (or any other skeleton " @@ -2626,7 +2641,7 @@ msgstr "" "de modèles indiqué dans <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> ou sur la " "ligne de commande)." -#: useradd.8.xml:642(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:652(para) msgid "" "You may not add a user to a NIS or LDAP group. This must be performed on the " "corresponding server." @@ -2634,7 +2649,7 @@ msgstr "" "Vous ne pouvez pas ajouter d'utilisateur à un groupe NIS ou LDAP. Cela doit " "être effectué sur le serveur correspondant." -#: useradd.8.xml:647(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:657(para) msgid "" "Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such " "as NIS or LDAP, <command>useradd</command> will deny the user account " @@ -2644,7 +2659,7 @@ msgstr "" "externe, telle que NIS ou LDAP, <command>useradd</command> refusera de créer " "le compte d'utilisateur." -#: useradd.8.xml:653(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:663(para) msgid "" "Usernames must start with a lower case letter or an underscore, followed by " "lower case letters, digits, underscores, or dashes. They can end with a " @@ -2656,7 +2671,7 @@ msgstr "" "par un signe dollar. Soit, sous la forme d'une expression rationnelle : [a-" "z_][a-z0-9_-]*[$]?" -#: useradd.8.xml:659(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:669(para) msgid "Usernames may only be up to 32 characters long." msgstr "Les noms d'utilisateur sont limités à 16 caractères." @@ -2904,69 +2919,69 @@ msgstr "" "Il est également utilisé par <command>pam_umask</command> en tant que valeur " "d'umask par défaut." -#: useradd.8.xml:721(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:731(filename) msgid "/etc/default/useradd" msgstr "/etc/default/useradd" -#: useradd.8.xml:723(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:733(para) msgid "Default values for account creation." msgstr "Valeurs par défaut pour la création de comptes." -#: useradd.8.xml:727(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:737(filename) msgid "/etc/skel/" msgstr "/etc/skel/" -#: useradd.8.xml:729(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:739(para) msgid "Directory containing default files." msgstr "Répertoire contenant les fichiers par défaut." -#: useradd.8.xml:777(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:316(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:787(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:326(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:268(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:269(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:313(replaceable) msgid "3" msgstr "3" -#: useradd.8.xml:779(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:789(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) msgid "invalid argument to option" msgstr "paramètre non valable pour l'option" -#: useradd.8.xml:783(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:322(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:793(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:332(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:472(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:274(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:275(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:319(replaceable) msgid "4" msgstr "4" -#: useradd.8.xml:785(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:795(para) msgid "UID already in use (and no <option>-o</option>)" msgstr "UID déjà utilisé (et pas d'option <option>-o</option>)" -#: useradd.8.xml:791(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:801(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) msgid "specified group doesn't exist" msgstr "le groupe spécifié n'existe pas" -#: useradd.8.xml:795(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:805(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:325(replaceable) msgid "9" msgstr "9" -#: useradd.8.xml:797(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:807(para) msgid "username already in use" msgstr "nom d'utilisateur déjà utilisé" -#: useradd.8.xml:809(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:819(para) msgid "can't create home directory" msgstr "impossible de créer le répertoire personnel" -#: useradd.8.xml:813(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:823(replaceable) msgid "14" msgstr "14" -#: useradd.8.xml:815(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:825(para) msgid "can't update SELinux user mapping" msgstr "Ne peut pas mettre à jour l'association à un utilisateur SELinux" -#: useradd.8.xml:755(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:765(para) msgid "" "The <command>useradd</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -2974,7 +2989,7 @@ msgstr "" "La commande <command>useradd</command> retourne les valeurs suivantes en " "quittant : <placeholder-1/>" -#: useradd.8.xml:824(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:834(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chsh</" @@ -3028,7 +3043,7 @@ msgid "suauth" msgstr "suauth" #: suauth.5.xml:58(manvolnum) shadow.5.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:328(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:338(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) #: passwd.5.xml:58(manvolnum) passwd.1.xml:478(replaceable) #: login.defs.5.xml:124(manvolnum) login.access.5.xml:59(manvolnum) #: limits.5.xml:60(manvolnum) gshadow.5.xml:47(manvolnum) @@ -4082,30 +4097,7 @@ msgstr "Ce doit être un nom de compte valable, qui existe sur le système." msgid "encrypted password" msgstr "mot de passe chiffré" -#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) -msgid "" -"Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" -"manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." -msgstr "" -"Consultez <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" -"manvolnum></citerefentry> pour plus d'informations sur le traitement de " -"cette chaîne." - -#: shadow.5.xml:103(para) -msgid "" -"If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix " -"password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)." -msgstr "" -"Si le champ du mot de passe contient une chaîne qui ne peut pas être un " -"résultat valable de <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" -"refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, par exemple si elle " -"contient les caractères ! ou *, alors l'utilisateur ne pourra pas utiliser " -"son mot de passe UNIX pour se connecter (mais il se peut que l'utilisateur " -"puisse se connecter au système par d'autres moyens)." - -#: shadow.5.xml:110(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) msgid "" "This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to " "authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which " @@ -4117,7 +4109,7 @@ msgstr "" "certaines applications qui lisent le fichier <filename>/etc/shadow</" "filename> peuvent n'autoriser aucun accès si le mot de passe est vide." -#: shadow.5.xml:117(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:105(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) msgid "" "A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the " "password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the " @@ -4128,6 +4120,29 @@ msgstr "" "représentent le champ de mot de passe avant que le mot de passe n'ait été " "bloqué." +#: shadow.5.xml:111(para) passwd.5.xml:126(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) +msgid "" +"Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" +"manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." +msgstr "" +"Consultez <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" +"manvolnum></citerefentry> pour plus d'informations sur le traitement de " +"cette chaîne." + +#: shadow.5.xml:116(para) passwd.5.xml:131(para) +msgid "" +"If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" +"citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix " +"password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)." +msgstr "" +"Si le champ du mot de passe contient une chaîne qui ne peut pas être un " +"résultat valable de <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" +"refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, par exemple si elle " +"contient les caractères ! ou *, alors l'utilisateur ne pourra pas utiliser " +"son mot de passe UNIX pour se connecter (mais il se peut que l'utilisateur " +"puisse se connecter au système par d'autres moyens)." + #: shadow.5.xml:127(emphasis) msgid "date of last password change" msgstr "date du dernier changement de mot de passe" @@ -4309,7 +4324,7 @@ msgstr "/etc/shadow-" msgid "Backup file for /etc/shadow." msgstr "Fichier de sauvegarde pour /etc/shadow." -#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:159(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:178(para) msgid "" "Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow toolsuite, but not by " "all user and password management tools." @@ -4978,7 +4993,7 @@ msgid "The options which apply to the <command>pwck</command> command are:" msgstr "" "Les options disponibles pour la commande <command>pwck</command> sont :" -#: pwck.8.xml:194(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:204(para) msgid "" "Report errors only. The warnings which do not require any action from the " "user won't be displayed." @@ -4986,19 +5001,19 @@ msgstr "" "Ne signaler que les erreurs. Les avertissements qui ne nécessitent pas une " "action de la part de l'utilisateur ne seront pas affichés." -#: pwck.8.xml:201(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:211(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--read-only</option>" msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--read-only</option>" -#: pwck.8.xml:203(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:213(para) msgid "Execute the <command>pwck</command> command in read-only mode." msgstr "Permet d'exécuter <command>pwck</command> dans le mode lecture seule." -#: pwck.8.xml:221(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:231(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" -#: pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:233(para) msgid "" "Sort entries in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</" "filename> by UID." @@ -5006,12 +5021,12 @@ msgstr "" "Trie les entrées de <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> et <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename> par UID." -#: pwck.8.xml:227(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:237(para) msgid "This option has no effect when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled." msgstr "" "Cette option n'a aucun effet quand <option>USE_TCB</option> est activée." -#: pwck.8.xml:234(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "By default, <command>pwck</command> operates on the files <filename>/etc/" "passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename><phrase condition=\"tcb" @@ -5025,7 +5040,7 @@ msgstr "" "L'utilisateur peut spécifier d'autres fichiers avec les paramètres " "<replaceable>passwd</replaceable> et <replaceable>shadow</replaceable>." -#: pwck.8.xml:243(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) msgid "" "Note that when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled, you cannot specify an " "alternative <replaceable>shadow</replaceable> file. In future releases, this " @@ -5036,27 +5051,27 @@ msgstr "" "Dans les prochaines versions, ce paramètre pourra être remplacé par un " "répertoire TCB alternatif." -#: pwck.8.xml:312(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:322(para) msgid "one or more bad password entries" msgstr "une entrée de mot de passe ou plus est incorrecte" -#: pwck.8.xml:318(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:328(para) msgid "can't open password files" msgstr "impossible d'ouvrir les fichiers de mots de passe" -#: pwck.8.xml:324(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:334(para) msgid "can't lock password files" msgstr "impossible de verrouiller les fichiers de mots de passe" -#: pwck.8.xml:330(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:340(para) msgid "can't update password files" msgstr "impossible de mettre à jour les fichiers des mots de passe" -#: pwck.8.xml:336(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:346(para) msgid "can't sort password files" msgstr "impossible de trier les fichiers de mots de passe" -#: pwck.8.xml:294(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:304(para) msgid "" "The <command>pwck</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -5064,7 +5079,7 @@ msgstr "" "La commande <command>pwck</command> retourne les valeurs suivantes en " "quittant : <placeholder-1/>" -#: pwck.8.xml:345(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:355(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>grpck</" @@ -5251,36 +5266,51 @@ msgstr "l'interpréteur de commandes de l'utilisateur (optionnel)" #: passwd.5.xml:100(para) msgid "" -"The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is " -"required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some " -"applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may decide " -"not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the <emphasis>password</" -"emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted " -"password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" -"refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there " -"<emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/" -"shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. If the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then it will be " -"treated as an encrypted password, as specified by " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>." -msgstr "" -"Le champ du mot de passe chiffré peut être vide. Dans ce cas, aucun mot de " -"passe n'est nécessaire pour s'authentifier avec le compte donné. Cependant, " -"certaines applications qui lisent le fichier <filename>/etc/passwd</" -"filename> peuvent décider de ne donner aucun accès si le <emphasis>mot de</" -"emphasis> passe est vide. Si le mot de passe est un <quote>x</quote> " -"minuscule, alors le mot de passe chiffré se trouve dans le fichier " +"If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, " +"then the encrypted password is actually stored in the " "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry> ; il <emphasis>doit</emphasis> y avoir une ligne " -"correspondante dans le fichier <filename>shadow</filename>, sinon le compte " -"de l'utilisateur n'est pas valide. Si le mot de passe est constitué d'une " -"autre chaîne, alors il est considéré comme un mot de passe chiffré, comme " -"indiqué dans <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" -"manvolnum></citerefentry>." +"citerefentry> file instead; there <emphasis>must</emphasis> be a " +"corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file, or else the " +"user account is invalid." +msgstr "" + +#: passwd.5.xml:109(para) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to " +#| "authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications " +#| "which read the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file may decide not to " +#| "permit any access at all if the password field is empty." +msgid "" +"The encrypted <emphasis>password</emphasis> field may be empty, in which " +"case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. " +"However, some applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " +"file may decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " +"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank." +msgstr "" +"Ce champ peut être vide. Dans ce cas aucun mot de passe n'est nécessaire " +"pour s'authentifier avec l'identifiant de connexion indiqué. Cependant, " +"certaines applications qui lisent le fichier <filename>/etc/shadow</" +"filename> peuvent n'autoriser aucun accès si le mot de passe est vide." + +#: passwd.5.xml:118(para) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the " +#| "password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the " +#| "password field before the password was locked." +msgid "" +"A <emphasis>password</emphasis> field which starts with an exclamation mark " +"means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line " +"represent the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field before the password was " +"locked." +msgstr "" +"Un champ de mot de passe qui commence avec un point d'exclamation indique " +"que le mot de passe est bloqué. Les caractères restants sur la ligne " +"représentent le champ de mot de passe avant que le mot de passe n'ait été " +"bloqué." -#: passwd.5.xml:119(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:138(para) msgid "" "The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as " "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" @@ -5290,7 +5320,7 @@ msgstr "" "que <citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" "manvolnum></citerefentry>." -#: passwd.5.xml:125(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. " "The <command>login</command> program uses this information to set the value " @@ -5301,7 +5331,7 @@ msgstr "" "information pour définir la valeur de la variable d'environnement <envar>" "$HOME</envar>." -#: passwd.5.xml:131(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:150(para) msgid "" "The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command " "language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute. The " @@ -5316,19 +5346,19 @@ msgstr "" "<filename>/bin/sh</filename> est utilisé par défaut." # TBC: file ? -#: passwd.5.xml:152(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:171(para) msgid "optional encrypted password file" msgstr "un mot de passe chiffré optionnel" -#: passwd.5.xml:156(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:175(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd-" msgstr "/etc/passwd-" -#: passwd.5.xml:158(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:177(para) msgid "Backup file for /etc/passwd." msgstr "Fichier de sauvegarde de /etc/passwd." -#: passwd.5.xml:170(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:189(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getent</" @@ -5617,7 +5647,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-n</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>JOURS_MIN</" "replaceable>" -#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:168(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:174(para) msgid "" "Set the minimum number of days between password changes to " "<replaceable>MIN_DAYS</replaceable>. A value of zero for this field " @@ -5715,7 +5745,7 @@ msgstr "" "valable. Après <replaceable>JOURS_MAX</replaceable>, le mot de passe devra " "être modifié." -#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:189(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:195(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as " "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> will remove checking a password's " @@ -5970,7 +6000,7 @@ msgstr "/etc/pam.d/passwd" msgid "PAM configuration for <command>passwd</command>." msgstr "Configuration de PAM pour <command>passwd</command>." -#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:297(para) msgid "permission denied" msgstr "permission refusée" @@ -6315,15 +6345,15 @@ msgid "The options which apply to the <command>newusers</command> command are:" msgstr "" "Les options disponibles pour la commande <command>newusers</command> sont :" -#: newusers.8.xml:271(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) msgid "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" msgstr "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:273(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) msgid "Use the specified method to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "Utiliser la méthode précisée pour chiffrer les mots de passe." -#: newusers.8.xml:274(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:286(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) msgid "" "The available methods are DES, MD5, NONE, and SHA256 or SHA512 if your libc " "support these methods." @@ -6331,7 +6361,7 @@ msgstr "" "Les méthodes disponibles sont DES, MD5, NONE et SHA256 ou SHA512 si votre " "libc prend en charge ces méthodes." -#: newusers.8.xml:296(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:308(para) msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the " @@ -6347,15 +6377,15 @@ msgstr "" "option>-<option>UID_MAX</option> (et leur <option>GID</option> correspondant " "pour la création de groupes)." -#: newusers.8.xml:322(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:334(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sha-rounds</option>" msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sha-rounds</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:324(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:336(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) msgid "Use the specified number of rounds to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "Utiliser le nombre de rounds précisé pour chiffrer les mots de passe." -#: newusers.8.xml:327(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) msgid "" "The value 0 means that the system will choose the default number of rounds " "for the crypt method (5000)." @@ -6363,20 +6393,20 @@ msgstr "" "La valeur 0 signifie que le système choisira la valeur par défaut du nombre " "de rounds pour la méthode de chiffrement (5 000)." -#: newusers.8.xml:331(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:343(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) msgid "" "A minimal value of 1000 and a maximal value of 999,999,999 will be enforced." msgstr "" "Une valeur minimale de 1 000 et une valeur maximale de 999 999 999 seront " "imposées." -#: newusers.8.xml:335(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:347(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "You can only use this option with the SHA256 or SHA512 crypt method." msgstr "" "Vous ne pouvez utiliser cette méthode qu'avec les méthodes de chiffrement " "SHA256 ou SHA512." -#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) msgid "" "By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and " "SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." @@ -6385,14 +6415,14 @@ msgstr "" "SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS et SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS dans <filename>/etc/login.defs</" "filename>." -#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:363(para) msgid "" "The input file must be protected since it contains unencrypted passwords." msgstr "" "Le fichier d'entrée doit être correctement protégé puisqu'il contient des " "mots de passe en clair." -#: newusers.8.xml:355(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:367(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the passwords and the encryption method respect the " "system's password policy." @@ -6400,15 +6430,15 @@ msgstr "" "Vous devez vous assurer que les mots de passe et la méthode de chiffrement " "respectent la politique de mot de passe du système." -#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:442(filename) msgid "/etc/pam.d/newusers" msgstr "/etc/pam.d/newusers" -#: newusers.8.xml:432(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) msgid "PAM configuration for <command>newusers</command>." msgstr "Configuration de PAM pour <command>newusers</command>." -#: newusers.8.xml:452(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:464(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</" "manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</" @@ -8078,7 +8108,7 @@ msgstr "" "précédemment." #: lastlog.8.xml:193(title) groups.1.xml:90(title) chsh.1.xml:140(title) -#: chage.1.xml:231(title) +#: chage.1.xml:237(title) msgid "NOTE" msgstr "NOTE" @@ -8820,7 +8850,7 @@ msgid "The superuser can specify which group membership list to modify." msgstr "" "Le superutilisateur peut préciser la liste des membres du groupe à modifier." -#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:154(term) +#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:160(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" msgstr "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" @@ -9694,7 +9724,7 @@ msgstr "" "Forcer le changement du mot de passe si l'utilisateur courant possède un mot " "de passe qui a expiré." -#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:312(para) +#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:318(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" @@ -10267,6 +10297,16 @@ msgstr "" "date de fin de validité." #: chage.1.xml:135(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" +msgid "<option>-i</option>, <option>--iso8601</option>" +msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" + +#: chage.1.xml:137(para) +msgid "When printing dates, use YYYY-MM-DD format." +msgstr "" + +#: chage.1.xml:141(term) msgid "" "<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" @@ -10274,7 +10314,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> " "<replaceable>DURÉE_INACTIVITÉ</replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:139(para) +#: chage.1.xml:145(para) msgid "" "Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the " "account is locked. The <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> option is the " @@ -10287,7 +10327,7 @@ msgstr "" "d'inactivité. Un utilisateur dont le compte est bloqué doit contacter " "l'administrateur système avant de pouvoir utiliser de nouveau le système." -#: chage.1.xml:146(para) +#: chage.1.xml:152(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as the " "<replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> will remove an account's inactivity." @@ -10296,11 +10336,11 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>DURÉE_INACTIVITÉ</replaceable> supprime la durée d'inactivité " "pour un compte." -#: chage.1.xml:158(para) +#: chage.1.xml:164(para) msgid "Show account aging information." msgstr "Afficher les informations sur l'âge des comptes." -#: chage.1.xml:164(term) +#: chage.1.xml:170(term) msgid "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DAYS</" "replaceable>" @@ -10308,7 +10348,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>JOURS_MIN</" "replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:176(term) +#: chage.1.xml:182(term) msgid "" "<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option> <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</" "replaceable>" @@ -10316,7 +10356,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option> <replaceable>JOURS_MAX</" "replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:180(para) +#: chage.1.xml:186(para) msgid "" "Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid. When " "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> plus <replaceable>LAST_DAY</replaceable> " @@ -10333,7 +10373,7 @@ msgstr "" "l'option <option>-W</option> qui prévient l'utilisateur à l'avance par un " "message d'alerte." -#: chage.1.xml:209(term) +#: chage.1.xml:215(term) msgid "" "<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option> " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable>" @@ -10341,7 +10381,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option> " "<replaceable>DURÉE_AVERTISSEMENT</replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:213(para) +#: chage.1.xml:219(para) msgid "" "Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable> option is the number of days prior to " @@ -10354,7 +10394,7 @@ msgstr "" "lesquels un utilisateur sera prévenu que son mot de passe est sur le point " "d'arriver en fin de validité." -#: chage.1.xml:222(para) +#: chage.1.xml:228(para) msgid "" "If none of the options are selected, <command>chage</command> operates in an " "interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of " @@ -10368,7 +10408,7 @@ msgstr "" "ou laissez la ligne vide pour conserver la valeur actuelle. La valeur " "actuelle est affichée entre crochets." -#: chage.1.xml:232(para) +#: chage.1.xml:238(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> program requires a shadow password file to be " "available." @@ -10376,7 +10416,7 @@ msgstr "" "Le programme <command>chage</command> nécessite l'utilisation d'un fichier " "de mots de passe cachés (« shadow password file »)." -#: chage.1.xml:236(para) +#: chage.1.xml:242(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command is restricted to the root user, except " "for the <option>-l</option> option, which may be used by an unprivileged " @@ -10387,15 +10427,15 @@ msgstr "" "non privilégié pour lui permettre de savoir quand son mot de passe ou son " "compte arrivera en fin de validité." -#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:307(replaceable) msgid "15" msgstr "15" -#: chage.1.xml:303(para) +#: chage.1.xml:309(para) msgid "can't find the shadow password file" msgstr "impossible de trouver le fichier des mots de passe cachés" -#: chage.1.xml:279(para) +#: chage.1.xml:285(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -10433,3 +10473,34 @@ msgstr "" #~ "Vous pouvez utiliser le paramètre <option>--</option> pour séparer les " #~ "options de <command>su</command> des paramètres fournis par " #~ "l'interpréteur de commandes." + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is " +#~ "required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some " +#~ "applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may " +#~ "decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " +#~ "<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the <emphasis>password</" +#~ "emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted " +#~ "password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" +#~ "refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there " +#~ "<emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/" +#~ "shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. If the " +#~ "<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then it will be " +#~ "treated as an encrypted password, as specified by " +#~ "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" +#~ "manvolnum></citerefentry>." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Le champ du mot de passe chiffré peut être vide. Dans ce cas, aucun mot " +#~ "de passe n'est nécessaire pour s'authentifier avec le compte donné. " +#~ "Cependant, certaines applications qui lisent le fichier <filename>/etc/" +#~ "passwd</filename> peuvent décider de ne donner aucun accès si le " +#~ "<emphasis>mot de</emphasis> passe est vide. Si le mot de passe est un " +#~ "<quote>x</quote> minuscule, alors le mot de passe chiffré se trouve dans " +#~ "le fichier <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" +#~ "refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> ; il " +#~ "<emphasis>doit</emphasis> y avoir une ligne correspondante dans le " +#~ "fichier <filename>shadow</filename>, sinon le compte de l'utilisateur " +#~ "n'est pas valide. Si le mot de passe est constitué d'une autre chaîne, " +#~ "alors il est considéré comme un mot de passe chiffré, comme indiqué dans " +#~ "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" +#~ "manvolnum></citerefentry>." diff --git a/man/po/it.po b/man/po/it.po index 1604e997..7a342fd1 100644 --- a/man/po/it.po +++ b/man/po/it.po @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: shadow 4.1.5\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-06-13 11:47-0500\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-01 11:37-0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2013-08-23 01:38+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Giuseppe Sacco <eppesuig@debian.org>\n" "Language-Team: Italian <tp@lists.linux.it>\n" @@ -332,9 +332,9 @@ msgid "Edit group database." msgstr "Modifica del database «group»." # type: TP -#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:267(term) -#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:186(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) -#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:277(term) +#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:196(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:295(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:129(term) groupmems.8.xml:142(term) groupdel.8.xml:95(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:131(term) gpasswd.1.xml:173(term) faillog.8.xml:122(term) #: expiry.1.xml:112(term) chsh.1.xml:101(term) chpasswd.8.xml:171(term) @@ -343,9 +343,9 @@ msgid "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" msgstr "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" # type: Plain text -#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:269(para) -#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:188(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:279(para) +#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:198(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:297(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:131(para) groupmems.8.xml:144(para) groupdel.8.xml:97(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:133(para) gpasswd.1.xml:175(para) faillog.8.xml:124(para) #: expiry.1.xml:114(para) chsh.1.xml:103(para) chpasswd.8.xml:173(para) @@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ msgid "Edit passwd database." msgstr "Modifica del database «passwd»." # type: IP -#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:192(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:202(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) msgid "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" @@ -372,13 +372,13 @@ msgid "Quiet mode." msgstr "Modalità silenziosa." # type: IP -#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:312(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) -#: useradd.8.xml:446(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:209(term) -#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:308(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:332(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:456(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:219(term) +#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:320(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) #: grpck.8.xml:173(term) groupmod.8.xml:178(term) groupmems.8.xml:165(term) #: groupdel.8.xml:101(term) groupadd.8.xml:204(term) faillog.8.xml:180(term) #: chsh.1.xml:107(term) chpasswd.8.xml:188(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:146(term) -#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:197(term) +#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:203(term) msgid "" "<option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option> <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -387,13 +387,13 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Plain text -#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:316(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:450(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:213(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:312(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:336(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:460(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:324(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) #: grpck.8.xml:177(para) groupmod.8.xml:182(para) groupmems.8.xml:169(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:105(para) groupadd.8.xml:208(para) gpasswd.1.xml:185(para) #: faillog.8.xml:184(para) chsh.1.xml:111(para) chpasswd.8.xml:192(para) -#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:201(para) +#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:207(para) msgid "" "Apply changes in the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> directory and use " "the configuration files from the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> " @@ -421,26 +421,26 @@ msgstr "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option>" msgid "Indicates which user's tcb shadow file to edit." msgstr "Indica di quale utente modificare il file «shadow tcb»." -#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:514(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:665(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:252(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:534(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:675(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:262(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:374(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:205(title) grpck.8.xml:209(title) groupmod.8.xml:210(title) #: groupmems.8.xml:199(title) groupdel.8.xml:145(title) #: groupadd.8.xml:236(title) gpasswd.1.xml:264(title) chsh.1.xml:154(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:239(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:198(title) chfn.1.xml:193(title) -#: chage.1.xml:244(title) +#: chage.1.xml:250(title) msgid "CONFIGURATION" msgstr "CONFIGURAZIONE" -#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:515(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:666(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) -#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:363(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:535(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:676(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:263(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:375(para) #: newgrp.1.xml:110(para) login.1.xml:295(para) lastlog.8.xml:206(para) #: grpck.8.xml:210(para) groupmod.8.xml:211(para) groupmems.8.xml:200(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:146(para) groupadd.8.xml:237(para) gpasswd.1.xml:265(para) #: chsh.1.xml:155(para) chpasswd.8.xml:240(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:199(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:245(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:251(para) msgid "" "The following configuration variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" "filename> change the behavior of this tool:" @@ -489,11 +489,11 @@ msgid "Editor to be used if <option>VISUAL</option> is not set." msgstr "Editor da utilizzare se <option>VISUAL</option> non è impostata." # type: SH -#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:532(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:694(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:552(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:704(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) #: sg.1.xml:110(title) shadow.5.xml:255(title) shadow.3.xml:226(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:269(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:141(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:397(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:279(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:160(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:409(title) #: newgrp.1.xml:121(title) logoutd.8.xml:89(title) #: login.access.5.xml:121(title) login.1.xml:338(title) limits.5.xml:196(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:217(title) gshadow.5.xml:156(title) grpck.8.xml:221(title) @@ -501,13 +501,13 @@ msgstr "Editor da utilizzare se <option>VISUAL</option> non è impostata." #: groupdel.8.xml:157(title) groupadd.8.xml:250(title) gpasswd.1.xml:279(title) #: faillog.8.xml:243(title) faillog.5.xml:96(title) expiry.1.xml:121(title) #: chsh.1.xml:167(title) chpasswd.8.xml:255(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:213(title) -#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:256(title) +#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:262(title) msgid "FILES" msgstr "FILE" -#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:535(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:709(filename) -#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:272(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:555(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:719(filename) +#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:282(filename) newusers.8.xml:424(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:136(filename) gshadow.5.xml:159(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:224(filename) groups.1.xml:103(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:225(filename) groupmems.8.xml:214(filename) @@ -518,18 +518,18 @@ msgid "/etc/group" msgstr "/etc/group" # type: Plain text -#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:537(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:711(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:274(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:557(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:721(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:284(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) #: grpck.8.xml:226(para) groups.1.xml:105(para) groupmod.8.xml:227(para) #: groupmems.8.xml:216(para) groupdel.8.xml:162(para) groupadd.8.xml:255(para) #: gpasswd.1.xml:284(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:218(para) msgid "Group account information." msgstr "Informazioni sugli account di gruppo." -#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:541(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:715(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:561(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:725(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) #: gshadow.5.xml:165(filename) grpck.8.xml:230(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:231(filename) groupmems.8.xml:220(filename) #: groupdel.8.xml:166(filename) groupadd.8.xml:259(filename) @@ -539,66 +539,66 @@ msgid "/etc/gshadow" msgstr "/etc/gshadow" # type: Plain text -#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:543(para) useradd.8.xml:717(para) -#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:563(para) useradd.8.xml:727(para) +#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:432(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) #: gshadow.5.xml:167(para) grpck.8.xml:232(para) groupmod.8.xml:233(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:168(para) groupadd.8.xml:261(para) gpasswd.1.xml:290(para) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:224(para) msgid "Secure group account information." msgstr "Informazioni sicure sugli account di gruppo." -#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:553(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:697(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:573(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:707(filename) #: su.1.xml:369(filename) sg.1.xml:113(filename) shadow.5.xml:258(filename) -#: pwck.8.xml:278(filename) passwd.5.xml:144(filename) -#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:400(filename) +#: pwck.8.xml:288(filename) passwd.5.xml:163(filename) +#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:124(filename) login.1.xml:353(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:236(filename) groupmod.8.xml:243(filename) #: expiry.1.xml:124(filename) chsh.1.xml:170(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:258(filename) chfn.1.xml:216(filename) -#: chage.1.xml:260(filename) +#: chage.1.xml:266(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd" msgstr "/etc/passwd" # type: Plain text -#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:555(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:699(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:280(para) passwd.5.xml:146(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:402(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:575(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:709(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:290(para) passwd.5.xml:165(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) #: login.1.xml:355(para) grpck.8.xml:238(para) groupmod.8.xml:245(para) #: expiry.1.xml:126(para) chsh.1.xml:172(para) chpasswd.8.xml:260(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:263(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:269(para) msgid "User account information." msgstr "Informazioni sugli account utente." -#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:559(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:703(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:579(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:713(filename) #: su.1.xml:375(filename) sg.1.xml:119(filename) shadow.5.xml:264(filename) -#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:284(filename) -#: passwd.5.xml:150(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:406(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) +#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:294(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:169(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) #: login.1.xml:359(filename) expiry.1.xml:130(filename) -#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:268(filename) +#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:274(filename) msgid "/etc/shadow" msgstr "/etc/shadow" # type: Plain text -#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:561(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:705(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:286(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:408(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:581(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:715(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:296(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) #: login.1.xml:361(para) expiry.1.xml:132(para) chpasswd.8.xml:266(para) -#: chage.1.xml:271(para) +#: chage.1.xml:277(para) msgid "Secure user account information." msgstr "Informazioni sicure sugli account utente." # type: SH -#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:580(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:823(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:600(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:833(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) #: sg.1.xml:140(title) shadow.5.xml:283(title) shadow.3.xml:238(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:344(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:169(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:451(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:354(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:188(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:463(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) #: login.defs.5.xml:543(title) login.access.5.xml:133(title) #: login.1.xml:398(title) limits.5.xml:206(title) gshadow.5.xml:174(title) #: grpck.8.xml:290(title) groups.1.xml:112(title) groupmod.8.xml:321(title) @@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ msgstr "Informazioni sicure sugli account utente." #: groupadd.8.xml:341(title) gpasswd.1.xml:297(title) faillog.8.xml:255(title) #: faillog.5.xml:108(title) expiry.1.xml:139(title) chsh.1.xml:191(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:285(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:237(title) chfn.1.xml:225(title) -#: chage.1.xml:311(title) +#: chage.1.xml:317(title) msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "VEDERE ANCHE" @@ -725,8 +725,20 @@ msgstr "" "Aggiunge l'utente al/i gruppo/i supplmentare/i. Usare solo con l'opzione " "<option>-G</option>." +# type: IP +#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) usermod.8.xml:122(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" +msgid "<option>-b</option>, <option>--badnames</option>" +msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" + +#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) usermod.8.xml:126(para) useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:190(para) newusers.8.xml:275(para) +msgid "Allow names that do not conform to standards." +msgstr "" + # type: TP -#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) useradd.8.xml:151(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:132(term) useradd.8.xml:161(term) msgid "" "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> <replaceable>COMMENT</" "replaceable>" @@ -735,7 +747,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:136(para) msgid "" "The new value of the user's password file comment field. It is normally " "modified using the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" @@ -747,7 +759,7 @@ msgstr "" "citerefentry>." # type: TP -#: usermod.8.xml:125(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:145(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> " @@ -760,12 +772,12 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:129(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) msgid "The user's new login directory." msgstr "La nuova directory home dell'utente." # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:132(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:152(para) msgid "" "If the <option>-m</option> option is given, the contents of the current home " "directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it " @@ -776,7 +788,7 @@ msgstr "" "esiste già." # type: TP -#: usermod.8.xml:141(term) useradd.8.xml:189(term) useradd.8.xml:566(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:199(term) useradd.8.xml:576(term) msgid "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>" @@ -785,7 +797,7 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>DATA_SCADENZA</replaceable>" # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:145(para) useradd.8.xml:193(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) useradd.8.xml:203(para) msgid "" "The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified " "in the format <emphasis remap=\"I\">YYYY-MM-DD</emphasis>." @@ -793,7 +805,7 @@ msgstr "" "La data in cui l'account dell'utente verrà disabilitato. La data è " "specificata nel formato <emphasis remap=\"I\">AAAA-MM-GG</emphasis>." -#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) msgid "" "An empty <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> argument will disable the " "expiration of the account." @@ -802,7 +814,7 @@ msgstr "" "scadenza dell'account." # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:153(para) usermod.8.xml:174(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:173(para) usermod.8.xml:194(para) msgid "" "This option requires a <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. A <filename>/" "etc/shadow</filename> entry will be created if there were none." @@ -811,7 +823,7 @@ msgstr "" "ancora viene creata una voce nel file <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>." # type: TP -#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:206(term) useradd.8.xml:578(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:181(term) useradd.8.xml:216(term) useradd.8.xml:588(term) msgid "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" @@ -820,7 +832,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:185(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently " "disabled." @@ -829,7 +841,7 @@ msgstr "" "venga disabilitato permanentemente." # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:189(para) msgid "" "A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a " "value of -1 disables the feature." @@ -838,7 +850,7 @@ msgstr "" "valore -1 disabilita questa funzionalità." # type: IP -#: usermod.8.xml:182(term) useradd.8.xml:225(term) useradd.8.xml:593(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:202(term) useradd.8.xml:235(term) useradd.8.xml:603(term) msgid "" "<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option> <replaceable>GROUP</" "replaceable>" @@ -847,7 +859,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:186(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:206(para) msgid "" "The group name or number of the user's new initial login group. The group " "must exist." @@ -855,7 +867,7 @@ msgstr "" "Il nome o numero del gruppo da assegnare alla connessione dell'utente. Il " "gruppo deve esistere." -#: usermod.8.xml:190(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:210(para) msgid "" "Any file from the user's home directory owned by the previous primary group " "of the user will be owned by this new group." @@ -864,7 +876,7 @@ msgstr "" "precedente gruppo primario dell'utente stesso verranno modificati perché " "abbiano questo nuovo gruppo." -#: usermod.8.xml:194(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:214(para) msgid "" "The group ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be " "fixed manually." @@ -872,7 +884,7 @@ msgstr "" "Il gruppo dei file che si trovano all'esterno della directory home " "dell'utente andrà modificato manualmente." -#: usermod.8.xml:201(term) useradd.8.xml:252(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) useradd.8.xml:262(term) msgid "" "<option>-G</option>, <option>--groups</option> <replaceable>GROUP1</" "replaceable>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GROUP2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap=\"I" @@ -883,7 +895,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"I\">,GRUPPON</emphasis>]]]" # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:205(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " "group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. " @@ -896,7 +908,7 @@ msgstr "" "con l'opzione <option>-g</option>." # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:212(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:232(para) msgid "" "If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user " "will be removed from the group. This behaviour can be changed via the " @@ -909,7 +921,7 @@ msgstr "" "dei quali fa attualmente parte." # type: IP -#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:241(term) msgid "" "<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option> <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</" "replaceable>" @@ -918,7 +930,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) msgid "" "The name of the user will be changed from <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> " "to <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</replaceable>. Nothing else is changed. In " @@ -932,11 +944,11 @@ msgstr "" "nome di login." # type: IP -#: usermod.8.xml:235(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:255(term) msgid "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" msgstr "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:239(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:259(para) msgid "" "Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the encrypted password, " "effectively disabling the password. You can't use this option with <option>-" @@ -946,7 +958,7 @@ msgstr "" "password cifrata, disabilitandola. Non si può utilizzare questa opzione con " "le opzioni <option>-p</option> e <option>-U</option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:265(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you " "should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> to " @@ -957,17 +969,17 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>1</replaceable>." # type: IP -#: usermod.8.xml:254(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--move-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--move-home</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:258(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) msgid "Move the content of the user's home directory to the new location." msgstr "" "Sposta il contenuto della directory home di un utente nella nuova posizione." # type: IP -#: usermod.8.xml:262(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:282(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-d</option> (or " "<option>--home</option>) option." @@ -975,7 +987,7 @@ msgstr "" "Questa opzione è valida solo in combinazioone con l'opzione <option>-d</" "option> (o <option>--home</option>)." -#: usermod.8.xml:266(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:286(para) msgid "" "<command>usermod</command> will try to adapt the ownership of the files and " "to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be " @@ -986,12 +998,12 @@ msgstr "" "manuali potrebbe comunque essere necessarie." # type: TP -#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) useradd.8.xml:386(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:294(term) useradd.8.xml:396(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:157(term) msgid "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" msgstr "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:298(para) msgid "" "When used with the <option>-u</option> option, this option allows to change " "the user ID to a non-unique value." @@ -1000,7 +1012,7 @@ msgstr "" "modificare l'ID utente in un valore non univoco." # type: TP -#: usermod.8.xml:285(term) useradd.8.xml:398(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:305(term) useradd.8.xml:408(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:167(term) msgid "" "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option> <replaceable>PASSWORD</" @@ -1010,7 +1022,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:289(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:309(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) msgid "" "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>." @@ -1019,7 +1031,7 @@ msgstr "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>." -#: usermod.8.xml:294(para) useradd.8.xml:407(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:314(para) useradd.8.xml:417(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:176(para) msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"bold\">Note:</emphasis> This option is not recommended " @@ -1030,7 +1042,7 @@ msgstr "" "perché la password (o password cifrata) sarà visibile agli utenti che " "elencano i processi." -#: usermod.8.xml:299(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:319(para) msgid "" "The password will be written in the local <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " "or <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. This might differ from the " @@ -1040,7 +1052,7 @@ msgstr "" "<filename>/etc/shadow</filename>. Questo potrebbe essere diverso dal " "database delle password configurato per l'utilizzo da PAM." -#: usermod.8.xml:305(para) useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:325(para) useradd.8.xml:422(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:181(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the password respects the system's password policy." @@ -1049,7 +1061,7 @@ msgstr "" "sistema." # type: TP -#: usermod.8.xml:324(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:344(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:468(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:190(term) groupdel.8.xml:113(term) groupadd.8.xml:216(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" @@ -1062,7 +1074,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:328(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:348(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:472(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:194(para) groupdel.8.xml:117(para) groupadd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "" "Apply changes in the <replaceable>PREFIX_DIR</replaceable> directory and use " @@ -1073,7 +1085,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" # type: TP -#: usermod.8.xml:341(term) useradd.8.xml:475(term) useradd.8.xml:613(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:361(term) useradd.8.xml:485(term) useradd.8.xml:623(term) #: su.1.xml:186(term) chsh.1.xml:119(term) msgid "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" @@ -1083,7 +1095,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:345(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:365(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank causes " "the system to select the default login shell." @@ -1092,7 +1104,7 @@ msgstr "" "si fa in modo che il sistema selezioni la shell di login predefinita." # type: TP -#: usermod.8.xml:352(term) useradd.8.xml:489(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:372(term) useradd.8.xml:499(term) msgid "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</" "replaceable>" @@ -1100,12 +1112,12 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:356(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:376(para) msgid "The new numerical value of the user's ID." msgstr "Il nuovo valore numerico dell'ID utente." # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:359(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:379(para) msgid "" "This value must be unique, unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. " "The value must be non-negative." @@ -1114,7 +1126,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-o</option>. Il valore non può essere negativo." # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:364(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:384(para) msgid "" "The user's mailbox, and any files which the user owns and which are located " "in the user's home directory will have the file user ID changed " @@ -1124,7 +1136,7 @@ msgstr "" "che si trovi all'interno della directory home avrà l'ID utente cambiato " "automaticamente." -#: usermod.8.xml:369(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:389(para) msgid "" "The ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed " "manually." @@ -1132,7 +1144,7 @@ msgstr "" "La proprietà dei file esterni alla directory home dell'utente va corretta " "manualmente." -#: usermod.8.xml:373(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:393(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>UID_MIN</option>, " "<option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>SYS_UID_MIN</option>, or " @@ -1143,11 +1155,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>SYS_UID_MAX</option> dal file <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." # type: IP -#: usermod.8.xml:382(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" msgstr "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:386(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) msgid "" "Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the encrypted " "password. You can't use this option with <option>-p</option> or <option>-L</" @@ -1157,7 +1169,7 @@ msgstr "" "password cifrata. Non si può usare questa opzione con l'opzione <option>-p</" "option> o <option>-L</option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:391(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:411(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), " "you should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> (for example " @@ -1170,7 +1182,7 @@ msgstr "" "file <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>)." # type: IP -#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:422(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1182,17 +1194,17 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" "replaceable>|<replaceable>INTERVALLO</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:426(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate uids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:409(para) usermod.8.xml:447(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:429(para) usermod.8.xml:467(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a " "users account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:412(para) usermod.8.xml:432(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:432(para) usermod.8.xml:452(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>UID_MIN</option>, " @@ -1208,7 +1220,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>SYS_UID_MAX</option> dal file <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." # type: IP -#: usermod.8.xml:420(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1220,11 +1232,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" "replaceable>|<replaceable>INTERVALLO</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:424(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) msgid "Remove a range of subordinate uids from the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:427(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:447(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subuids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1233,7 +1245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" # type: IP -#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:460(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1245,11 +1257,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" "replaceable>|<replaceable>INTERVALLO</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:464(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate gids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:450(para) usermod.8.xml:470(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:470(para) usermod.8.xml:490(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>GID_MIN</option>, " @@ -1266,7 +1278,7 @@ msgstr "" "filename>." # type: IP -#: usermod.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1278,13 +1290,13 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" "replaceable>|<replaceable>INTERVALLO</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "Remove any SELinux user mapping for the user's login." msgid "Remove a range of subordinate gids from the user's account." msgstr "Rimuove tutti gli utenti SELinux assegnati al login utente." -#: usermod.8.xml:465(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subgids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1293,7 +1305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" # type: IP -#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) useradd.8.xml:524(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:498(term) useradd.8.xml:534(term) msgid "" "<option>-Z</option>, <option>--selinux-user</option> " "<replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable>" @@ -1301,12 +1313,12 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-Z</option>, <option>--selinux-user</option> " "<replaceable>UTENTESE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:502(para) msgid "The new SELinux user for the user's login." msgstr "Il nuovo utente SELinux per il login dell'utente." # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:505(para) msgid "" "A blank <replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable> will remove the SELinux user " "mapping for user <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> (if any)." @@ -1315,16 +1327,16 @@ msgstr "" "l'utente SELinux da <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> (se presente)." # type: SH -#: usermod.8.xml:496(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:641(title) +#: usermod.8.xml:516(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:651(title) #: su.1.xml:330(title) shadow.3.xml:218(title) passwd.1.xml:377(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:350(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) #: groupdel.8.xml:133(title) groupadd.8.xml:274(title) gpasswd.1.xml:252(title) #: faillog.8.xml:232(title) chpasswd.8.xml:231(title) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:186(title) msgid "CAVEATS" msgstr "AVVISI/CAVEAT" -#: usermod.8.xml:497(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:517(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes " @@ -1345,7 +1357,7 @@ msgstr "" "<command>usermod</command> effettua questo controllo in Linux, ma su altri " "sistemi controlla solo che non sia registrato come collegato in utmp." -#: usermod.8.xml:504(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:524(para) msgid "" "You must change the owner of any <command>crontab</command> files or " "<command>at</command> jobs manually." @@ -1353,7 +1365,7 @@ msgstr "" "Si deve cambiare manualmente il proprietario di eventuali file " "<command>crontab</command> e compiti <command>at</command>." -#: usermod.8.xml:508(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:528(para) msgid "You must make any changes involving NIS on the NIS server." msgstr "" "Si devono apportare tutte le modifiche che riguardano NIS sul server NIS." @@ -1661,10 +1673,10 @@ msgstr "" "non verrà creata automaticamente come /etc/tcb/user, ma verrà determinato in " "base all'UID dell'utente secondo questo algoritmo: <placeholder-1/>" -#: usermod.8.xml:547(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:745(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:567(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:755(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) #: pwconv.8.xml:253(filename) passwd.1.xml:428(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:424(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:436(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) #: login.1.xml:389(filename) groupmod.8.xml:237(filename) #: groupadd.8.xml:265(filename) chsh.1.xml:182(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:270(filename) chgpasswd.8.xml:228(filename) @@ -1672,40 +1684,40 @@ msgstr "" msgid "/etc/login.defs" msgstr "/etc/login.defs" -#: usermod.8.xml:549(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:747(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:569(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:757(para) #: su.1.xml:383(para) pwconv.8.xml:255(para) passwd.1.xml:430(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:239(para) groupadd.8.xml:267(para) chsh.1.xml:184(para) #: chpasswd.8.xml:272(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:230(para) chfn.1.xml:212(para) msgid "Shadow password suite configuration." msgstr "Configurazione del pacchetto password shadow" -#: usermod.8.xml:565(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:733(filename) newusers.8.xml:436(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:585(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:743(filename) newusers.8.xml:448(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/suauth" msgid "/etc/subgid" msgstr "/etc/suauth" -#: usermod.8.xml:567(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:735(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:587(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:745(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:450(para) msgid "Per user subordinate group IDs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:571(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:739(filename) newusers.8.xml:442(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:591(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:749(filename) newusers.8.xml:454(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/suauth" msgid "/etc/subuid" msgstr "/etc/suauth" -#: usermod.8.xml:573(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:741(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:593(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:751(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:456(para) msgid "Per user subordinate user IDs." msgstr "" # type: Plain text -#: usermod.8.xml:581(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:601(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" @@ -1970,64 +1982,64 @@ msgstr "" "nome dell'utente." # type: SH -#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:754(title) su.1.xml:390(title) -#: pwck.8.xml:293(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) +#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:764(title) su.1.xml:390(title) +#: pwck.8.xml:303(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) #: groupmod.8.xml:252(title) groupdel.8.xml:175(title) -#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:278(title) +#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:284(title) msgid "EXIT VALUES" msgstr "VALORI RESTITUITI" # type: IP -#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:759(replaceable) -#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:298(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:769(replaceable) +#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:308(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:448(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:250(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:257(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:180(replaceable) -#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:283(replaceable) +#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) msgid "0" msgstr "0" # type: Plain text -#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:761(para) pwck.8.xml:300(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:771(para) pwck.8.xml:310(para) #: passwd.1.xml:450(para) grpck.8.xml:252(para) groupdel.8.xml:182(para) -#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:285(para) +#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) msgid "success" msgstr "successo" # type: IP -#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:765(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:775(replaceable) #: su.1.xml:75(manvolnum) su.1.xml:415(replaceable) sg.1.xml:59(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:304(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:314(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) #: passwd.1.xml:454(replaceable) newgrp.1.xml:59(manvolnum) #: login.1.xml:91(manvolnum) grpck.8.xml:256(replaceable) #: groups.1.xml:58(manvolnum) gpasswd.1.xml:63(manvolnum) #: expiry.1.xml:62(manvolnum) chsh.1.xml:61(manvolnum) chfn.1.xml:61(manvolnum) -#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) msgid "1" msgstr "1" # type: Plain text -#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:767(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:777(para) msgid "can't update password file" msgstr "impossibile aggiornare il file delle password" # type: IP -#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:771(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:310(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:781(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:320(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:262(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:263(replaceable) #: groupdel.8.xml:186(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:307(replaceable) -#: chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) msgid "2" msgstr "2" # type: Plain text -#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:773(para) pwck.8.xml:306(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:783(para) pwck.8.xml:316(para) #: grpck.8.xml:258(para) groupdel.8.xml:188(para) groupadd.8.xml:309(para) -#: chage.1.xml:297(para) +#: chage.1.xml:303(para) msgid "invalid command syntax" msgstr "sintassi del comando errata" -#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:789(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:334(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:799(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:344(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:281(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:192(replaceable) msgid "6" msgstr "6" @@ -2042,20 +2054,20 @@ msgid "user currently logged in" msgstr "utente attualmente connesso al sistema" # type: IP -#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:801(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:811(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:293(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:204(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:331(replaceable) msgid "10" msgstr "10" # type: Plain text -#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:803(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:813(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:333(para) msgid "can't update group file" msgstr "non è possibile aggiornare il file group" # type: IP -#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:807(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:817(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:305(replaceable) msgid "12" msgstr "12" @@ -2232,8 +2244,12 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>useradd</command> command are:" msgstr "Il comando <command>useradd</command> accetta le seguenti opzioni:" +#: useradd.8.xml:131(option) pwck.8.xml:187(option) newusers.8.xml:272(option) +msgid "--badname" +msgstr "" + # type: TP -#: useradd.8.xml:130(term) useradd.8.xml:548(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:140(term) useradd.8.xml:558(term) msgid "" "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -2241,7 +2257,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" "replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The default base directory for the system if <option>-d</option> " "<replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> is not specified. <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" @@ -2255,7 +2271,7 @@ msgstr "" "dell'account per definire la directory home. Se l'opzione <option>-m</" "option> non è usata, <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> deve esistere." -#: useradd.8.xml:141(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:151(para) msgid "" "If this option is not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the " "base directory specified by the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/" @@ -2266,7 +2282,7 @@ msgstr "" "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> oppure la costante <filename>/" "home</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:155(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:165(para) msgid "" "Any text string. It is generally a short description of the login, and is " "currently used as the field for the user's full name." @@ -2275,7 +2291,7 @@ msgstr "" "attualmente usato come nome completo dell'utente." # type: TP -#: useradd.8.xml:163(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:173(term) msgid "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -2284,7 +2300,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:167(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:177(para) msgid "" "The new user will be created using <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> as " "the value for the user's login directory. The default is to append the " @@ -2301,16 +2317,16 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable> esista, ma se non ci fosse non verrà creata." # type: IP -#: useradd.8.xml:179(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:189(term) msgid "<option>-D</option>, <option>--defaults</option>" msgstr "<option>-D</option>, <option>--defaults</option>" # type: SS -#: useradd.8.xml:183(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:193(para) msgid "See below, the subsection \"Changing the default values\"." msgstr "Vedere oltre, la sezione «Cambiare i valori predefiniti»." -#: useradd.8.xml:197(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:207(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default expiry " "date specified by the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" @@ -2322,7 +2338,7 @@ msgstr "" "scadenza)." # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently " "disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has " @@ -2334,7 +2350,7 @@ msgstr "" "funzionalità." # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:216(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:226(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default inactivity " "period specified by the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" @@ -2346,7 +2362,7 @@ msgstr "" "assente)." # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:229(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:239(para) msgid "" "The group name or number of the user's initial login group. The group name " "must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group." @@ -2355,7 +2371,7 @@ msgstr "" "del gruppo deve esistere. Un numero di gruppo deve riferirsi ad un gruppo " "già esistente." -#: useradd.8.xml:234(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "If not specified, the behavior of <command>useradd</command> will depend on " "the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> variable in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" @@ -2381,7 +2397,7 @@ msgstr "" "specificato." # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:256(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:266(para) msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " "group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. " @@ -2396,7 +2412,7 @@ msgstr "" "l'utente appartenga solo al gruppo iniziale." # type: IP -#: useradd.8.xml:273(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:283(term) msgid "" "<option>-k</option>, <option>--skel</option> <replaceable>SKEL_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -2404,7 +2420,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-k</option>, <option>--skel</option> <replaceable>SKEL_DIR</" "replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:277(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:287(para) msgid "" "The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in " "the user's home directory, when the home directory is created by " @@ -2414,7 +2430,7 @@ msgstr "" "directory home dell'utente quando viene creata da <command>useradd</command>." # type: IP -#: useradd.8.xml:282(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid if the <option>-m</option> (or <option>--create-" "home</option>) option is specified." @@ -2422,7 +2438,7 @@ msgstr "" "Questa opzione è valida solo se anche l'opzione <option>-m</option> (o " "<option>--create-home</option>) è stata specificata." -#: useradd.8.xml:286(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:296(para) msgid "" "If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the " "<option>SKEL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> " @@ -2432,11 +2448,11 @@ msgstr "" "variabile <option>SKEL</option> nel file <filename>/etc/default/useradd</" "filename> o, altrimenti, vale <filename>/etc/skel</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) msgid "If possible, the ACLs and extended attributes are copied." msgstr "Se possibile vengono copiate le ACL e gli attributi estesi." -#: useradd.8.xml:298(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:308(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) msgid "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VALUE</replaceable>" @@ -2444,7 +2460,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VALUE</replaceable>." -#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:312(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Overrides <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> defaults (<option>UID_MIN</" @@ -2482,15 +2498,15 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>UID_MAX</replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable>" # type: IP -#: useradd.8.xml:323(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:333(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--no-log-init</option>" msgstr "<option>-l</option>, <option>--no-log-init</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:325(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:335(para) msgid "Do not add the user to the lastlog and faillog databases." msgstr "Non aggiunge l'utente ai database «lastlog» e «faillog»." -#: useradd.8.xml:328(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:338(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "By default, the user's entries in the lastlog and faillog databases are " @@ -2504,11 +2520,11 @@ msgstr "" "precedenza." # type: IP -#: useradd.8.xml:336(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:346(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:340(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:350(para) msgid "" "Create the user's home directory if it does not exist. The files and " "directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with " @@ -2518,7 +2534,7 @@ msgstr "" "directory contenuti nella directory «skeleton» (che può essere definita con " "l'opzione <option>-k</option>) vengono copiati nella directory home." -#: useradd.8.xml:346(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:356(para) msgid "" "By default, if this option is not specified and <option>CREATE_HOME</option> " "is not enabled, no home directories are created." @@ -2527,13 +2543,13 @@ msgstr "" "<option>CREATE_HOME</option>, la directory non viene creata." # type: IP -#: useradd.8.xml:354(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:364(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "<option>-M</option>, <option>--no-create-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:358(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:368(para) msgid "" "Do no create the user's home directory, even if the system wide setting from " "<filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> (<option>CREATE_HOME</option>) is set " @@ -2544,11 +2560,11 @@ msgstr "" "option>) sia impostata a <replaceable>yes</replaceable>." # type: TP -#: useradd.8.xml:367(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:377(term) msgid "<option>-N</option>, <option>--no-user-group</option>" msgstr "<option>-N</option>, <option>--no-user-group</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:371(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:381(para) msgid "" "Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to " "the group specified by the <option>-g</option> option or by the " @@ -2558,7 +2574,7 @@ msgstr "" "gruppo specificato con l'opzione <option>-g</option> o tramite la variabile " "<option>GROUP</option> nel file <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:377(para) useradd.8.xml:515(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:387(para) useradd.8.xml:525(para) msgid "" "The default behavior (if the <option>-g</option>, <option>-N</option>, and " "<option>-U</option> options are not specified) is defined by the " @@ -2570,19 +2586,19 @@ msgstr "" "variabile <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> nel file <filename>/etc/login." "defs</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:390(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:400(para) msgid "Allow the creation of a user account with a duplicate (non-unique) UID." msgstr "Permette la creazione di un utente con un UID duplicato (non unico)." # type: IP -#: useradd.8.xml:391(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:401(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-u</option> option." msgstr "" "Questa opzione è valida solo congiuntamente all'opzione <option>-u</option>." # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:402(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "" "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The default is to " @@ -2593,15 +2609,15 @@ msgstr "" "predefinito è di disabilitare la password." # type: IP -#: useradd.8.xml:419(term) newusers.8.xml:289(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:429(term) newusers.8.xml:301(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--system</option>" msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--system</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:423(para) newusers.8.xml:293(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:433(para) newusers.8.xml:305(para) msgid "Create a system account." msgstr "Crea un account di sistema." -#: useradd.8.xml:426(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:436(para) msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the " @@ -2617,7 +2633,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>UID_MAX</option> (e le loro controparti <option>GID</option> per la " "creazione dei gruppi)." -#: useradd.8.xml:435(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:445(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Note that <command>useradd</command> will not create a home directory for " @@ -2639,7 +2655,7 @@ msgstr "" "account di sistema." # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:479(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:489(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's login shell. The default is to leave this field " "blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell specified " @@ -2652,7 +2668,7 @@ msgstr "" "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>, oppure un testo vuoto." # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:493(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:503(para) msgid "" "The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the " "<option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be non-negative. The " @@ -2666,7 +2682,7 @@ msgstr "" "a qualunque altro utente." # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:500(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:510(para) msgid "" "See also the <option>-r</option> option and the <option>UID_MAX</option> " "description." @@ -2675,11 +2691,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>UID_MAX</option>" # type: TP -#: useradd.8.xml:507(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:517(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--user-group</option>" msgstr "<option>-U</option>, <option>--user-group</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:511(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:521(para) msgid "" "Create a group with the same name as the user, and add the user to this " "group." @@ -2688,7 +2704,7 @@ msgstr "" "stesso." # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:528(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:538(para) msgid "" "The SELinux user for the user's login. The default is to leave this field " "blank, which causes the system to select the default SELinux user." @@ -2697,12 +2713,12 @@ msgstr "" "in modo che il sistema selezioni automaticamente l'utente SELinux." # type: SS -#: useradd.8.xml:538(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:548(title) msgid "Changing the default values" msgstr "Cambiare i valori predefiniti" # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:539(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:549(para) msgid "" "When invoked with only the <option>-D</option> option, <command>useradd</" "command> will display the current default values. When invoked with <option>-" @@ -2716,7 +2732,7 @@ msgstr "" "valide sono:" # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:552(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:562(para) msgid "" "The path prefix for a new user's home directory. The user's name will be " "affixed to the end of <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> to form the new " @@ -2728,7 +2744,7 @@ msgstr "" "per creare il nome della nuova directory home, a meno che non venga usata " "l'opzione <option>-d</option> quando si crea un nuovo account." -#: useradd.8.xml:559(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:569(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2737,11 +2753,11 @@ msgstr "" "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:570(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:580(para) msgid "The date on which the user account is disabled." msgstr "La data in cui l'account dell'utente verrà disabilitato." -#: useradd.8.xml:571(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:581(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2750,7 +2766,7 @@ msgstr "" "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:582(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:592(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password has expired before the account will be " "disabled." @@ -2758,7 +2774,7 @@ msgstr "" "Il numero di giorni dopo la scadenza di una password prima che l'account " "venga disabilitato." -#: useradd.8.xml:586(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:596(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2766,7 +2782,7 @@ msgstr "" "Questa opzione imposta la variabile <option>INACTIVE</option> del file " "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:597(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:607(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The group name or ID for a new user's initial group (when the <option>-" @@ -2787,7 +2803,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable> nel file <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>). Il gruppo " "indicato deve esistere, anche se viene utilizzato l'ID numerico." -#: useradd.8.xml:606(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:616(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>GROUP</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2795,11 +2811,11 @@ msgstr "" "Questa opzione imposta la variabile <option>GROUP</option> nel file " "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:617(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:627(para) msgid "The name of a new user's login shell." msgstr "Il nome della shell di login per il nuovo utente." -#: useradd.8.xml:620(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:630(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>SHELL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2808,12 +2824,12 @@ msgstr "" "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." # type: SH -#: useradd.8.xml:632(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:642(title) msgid "NOTES" msgstr "NOTE" # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:633(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:643(para) msgid "" "The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files " "in the <filename>/etc/skel/</filename> directory (or any other skeleton " @@ -2826,7 +2842,7 @@ msgstr "" "filename> o nella riga di comando)." # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:642(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:652(para) msgid "" "You may not add a user to a NIS or LDAP group. This must be performed on the " "corresponding server." @@ -2834,7 +2850,7 @@ msgstr "" "Non è possibile aggiungere un utente ad un gruppo NIS o LDAP. Questo deve " "essere fatto sul server corrispondente." -#: useradd.8.xml:647(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:657(para) msgid "" "Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such " "as NIS or LDAP, <command>useradd</command> will deny the user account " @@ -2843,7 +2859,7 @@ msgstr "" "Analogamente, se il nome utente esiste già in un database esterno come NIS o " "LDAP, <command>useradd</command> bloccherà la creazione dell'account." -#: useradd.8.xml:653(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:663(para) msgid "" "Usernames must start with a lower case letter or an underscore, followed by " "lower case letters, digits, underscores, or dashes. They can end with a " @@ -2854,7 +2870,7 @@ msgstr "" "Possono terminare con il simbolo del dollaro. In termini di espressioni " "regolari: [a-z_][a-z0-9_-]*[$]?" -#: useradd.8.xml:659(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:669(para) msgid "Usernames may only be up to 32 characters long." msgstr "I nomi utente non possono eccedere i 32 caratteri di lunghezza." @@ -3109,85 +3125,85 @@ msgstr "" "predefinito." # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:721(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:731(filename) msgid "/etc/default/useradd" msgstr "/etc/default/useradd" -#: useradd.8.xml:723(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:733(para) msgid "Default values for account creation." msgstr "Valori predefiniti per la creazione dell'account." -#: useradd.8.xml:727(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:737(filename) msgid "/etc/skel/" msgstr "/etc/skel/" # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:729(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:739(para) msgid "Directory containing default files." msgstr "Directory contenente i file predefiniti." # type: IP -#: useradd.8.xml:777(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:316(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:787(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:326(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:268(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:269(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:313(replaceable) msgid "3" msgstr "3" -#: useradd.8.xml:779(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:789(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) msgid "invalid argument to option" msgstr "argomento non valido per l'opzione" # type: IP -#: useradd.8.xml:783(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:322(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:793(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:332(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:472(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:274(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:275(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:319(replaceable) msgid "4" msgstr "4" -#: useradd.8.xml:785(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:795(para) msgid "UID already in use (and no <option>-o</option>)" msgstr "UID già in uso (e <option>-o</option> assente)" # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:791(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:801(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) msgid "specified group doesn't exist" msgstr "il gruppo specificato non esiste" -#: useradd.8.xml:795(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:805(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:325(replaceable) msgid "9" msgstr "9" -#: useradd.8.xml:797(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:807(para) msgid "username already in use" msgstr "nome utente già in uso" # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:809(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:819(para) msgid "can't create home directory" msgstr "non è possibile creare la directory home" # type: IP -#: useradd.8.xml:813(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:823(replaceable) #, fuzzy #| msgid "1" msgid "14" msgstr "1" -#: useradd.8.xml:815(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:825(para) msgid "can't update SELinux user mapping" msgstr "" # type: TP -#: useradd.8.xml:755(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:765(para) msgid "" "The <command>useradd</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" msgstr "Il comando <command>useradd</command> restituisce i seguenti valori:" # type: Plain text -#: useradd.8.xml:824(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:834(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" @@ -3258,7 +3274,7 @@ msgstr "suauth" # type: IP #: suauth.5.xml:58(manvolnum) shadow.5.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:328(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:338(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) #: passwd.5.xml:58(manvolnum) passwd.1.xml:478(replaceable) #: login.defs.5.xml:124(manvolnum) login.access.5.xml:59(manvolnum) #: limits.5.xml:60(manvolnum) gshadow.5.xml:47(manvolnum) @@ -4385,30 +4401,7 @@ msgstr "Deve essere un nome valido di un account esistente nel sistema." msgid "encrypted password" msgstr "password cifrata" -# type: Plain text -#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) -msgid "" -"Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" -"manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." -msgstr "" -"Fare riferimento a <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" -"refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> per dettagli sul modo " -"in cui questa stringa viene interpretata." - -# type: Plain text -#: shadow.5.xml:103(para) -msgid "" -"If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix " -"password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)." -msgstr "" -"Se il campo password contiene un testo che non è un risultato valido di " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>, come ad esempio ! o *, l'utente non potrà accedere al sistema " -"utilizzando la password unix (ma potrà accedere al sistema in altri modi)." - -#: shadow.5.xml:110(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) msgid "" "This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to " "authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which " @@ -4420,7 +4413,7 @@ msgstr "" "applicazioni che leggono <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> possono decidere " "di non permettere nessun accesso se il campo password è vuoto." -#: shadow.5.xml:117(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:105(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "A password field which starts with a exclamation mark means that the " @@ -4436,6 +4429,29 @@ msgstr "" "campo password prima che venisse bloccata." # type: Plain text +#: shadow.5.xml:111(para) passwd.5.xml:126(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) +msgid "" +"Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" +"manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." +msgstr "" +"Fare riferimento a <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" +"refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> per dettagli sul modo " +"in cui questa stringa viene interpretata." + +# type: Plain text +#: shadow.5.xml:116(para) passwd.5.xml:131(para) +msgid "" +"If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" +"citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix " +"password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)." +msgstr "" +"Se il campo password contiene un testo che non è un risultato valido di " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" +"citerefentry>, come ad esempio ! o *, l'utente non potrà accedere al sistema " +"utilizzando la password unix (ma potrà accedere al sistema in altri modi)." + +# type: Plain text #: shadow.5.xml:127(emphasis) msgid "date of last password change" msgstr "data dell'ultimo cambio di password" @@ -4630,7 +4646,7 @@ msgstr "/etc/shadow-" msgid "Backup file for /etc/shadow." msgstr "Copia di backup per /etc/shadow." -#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:159(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:178(para) msgid "" "Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow toolsuite, but not by " "all user and password management tools." @@ -5333,7 +5349,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>pwck</command> command are:" msgstr "Il comando <command>pwck</command> accetta le seguenti opzioni:" -#: pwck.8.xml:194(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:204(para) msgid "" "Report errors only. The warnings which do not require any action from the " "user won't be displayed." @@ -5342,21 +5358,21 @@ msgstr "" "dell'utente non sono mostrati." # type: IP -#: pwck.8.xml:201(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:211(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--read-only</option>" msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--read-only</option>" # type: TP -#: pwck.8.xml:203(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:213(para) msgid "Execute the <command>pwck</command> command in read-only mode." msgstr "Esegue il comando <command>pwck</command> in sola lettura." # type: IP -#: pwck.8.xml:221(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:231(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" -#: pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:233(para) msgid "" "Sort entries in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</" "filename> by UID." @@ -5365,12 +5381,12 @@ msgstr "" "shadow</filename> per UID." # type: IP -#: pwck.8.xml:227(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:237(para) msgid "This option has no effect when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled." msgstr "" "Questa opzione non ha nessun effetto se <option>USE_TCB</option> è abilitato." -#: pwck.8.xml:234(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "By default, <command>pwck</command> operates on the files <filename>/etc/" "passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename><phrase condition=\"tcb" @@ -5385,7 +5401,7 @@ msgstr "" "parametri <replaceable>passwd</replaceable> e <replaceable>shadow</" "replaceable>." -#: pwck.8.xml:243(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Note that when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled, you cannot specify an " @@ -5402,32 +5418,32 @@ msgstr "" "alternativa." # type: Plain text -#: pwck.8.xml:312(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:322(para) msgid "one or more bad password entries" msgstr "una o più voci di password conengono errori" # type: Plain text -#: pwck.8.xml:318(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:328(para) msgid "can't open password files" msgstr "impossibile aprire i file delle password" # type: Plain text -#: pwck.8.xml:324(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:334(para) msgid "can't lock password files" msgstr "impossibile fare il lock dei file delle password" # type: Plain text -#: pwck.8.xml:330(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:340(para) msgid "can't update password files" msgstr "impossibile aggiornare i file delle password" # type: Plain text -#: pwck.8.xml:336(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:346(para) msgid "can't sort password files" msgstr "impossibile ordinare i file delle password" # type: TP -#: pwck.8.xml:294(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:304(para) msgid "" "The <command>pwck</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -5436,7 +5452,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder-1/>" # type: Plain text -#: pwck.8.xml:345(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:355(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>grpck</" @@ -5634,38 +5650,51 @@ msgstr "interprete dei comandi utente opzionale" #: passwd.5.xml:100(para) msgid "" -"The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is " -"required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some " -"applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may decide " -"not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the <emphasis>password</" -"emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted " -"password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" -"refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there " -"<emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/" -"shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. If the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then it will be " -"treated as an encrypted password, as specified by " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>." +"If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, " +"then the encrypted password is actually stored in the " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" +"citerefentry> file instead; there <emphasis>must</emphasis> be a " +"corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file, or else the " +"user account is invalid." msgstr "" -"Il campo password cifrata può essere vuoto, nel qual caso non viene " -"richiesta nessuna password per autenticare lo specifico login. Tuttavia " -"alcune applicazioni che leggono il file <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " -"possono decidere di non permettere <emphasis>nessun</emphasis> accesso se il " -"campo <emphasis>password</emphasis> è vuoto. Se il campo <emphasis>password</" -"emphasis> contiene solo una <quote>x</quote> minuscola, la password cifrata " -"è invece memorizzata nel file <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" -"refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>; ci <emphasis>deve</" -"emphasis> essere una riga corrispondente nel file <filename>/etc/shadow</" -"filename> altrimenti l'account non sarà valido. Se il campo " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> ha un qualsiasi altro contenuto allora viene " -"trattato come password cifrata, come specificato da " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>." + +#: passwd.5.xml:109(para) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to " +#| "authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications " +#| "which read the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file may decide not to " +#| "permit any access at all if the password field is empty." +msgid "" +"The encrypted <emphasis>password</emphasis> field may be empty, in which " +"case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. " +"However, some applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " +"file may decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " +"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank." +msgstr "" +"Questo campo può essere vuoto, nel qual caso nessuna password è richiesta " +"per l'autenticazione di questo specifico nome di login. Tuttavia alcune " +"applicazioni che leggono <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> possono decidere " +"di non permettere nessun accesso se il campo password è vuoto." + +#: passwd.5.xml:118(para) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "A password field which starts with a exclamation mark means that the " +#| "password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the " +#| "password field before the password was locked." +msgid "" +"A <emphasis>password</emphasis> field which starts with an exclamation mark " +"means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line " +"represent the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field before the password was " +"locked." +msgstr "" +"Se il campo password inizia con un punto esclamativo vuol dire che la " +"password è bloccata. I restanti caratteri del campo sono il contenuto del " +"campo password prima che venisse bloccata." # type: Plain text -#: passwd.5.xml:119(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:138(para) msgid "" "The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as " "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" @@ -5675,7 +5704,7 @@ msgstr "" "esempio <citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" "manvolnum></citerefentry>." -#: passwd.5.xml:125(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. " "The <command>login</command> program uses this information to set the value " @@ -5685,7 +5714,7 @@ msgstr "" "Il programma <command>login</command> usa questa informazione per impostare " "il valore della variabile d'ambiente <envar>$HOME</envar>." -#: passwd.5.xml:131(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:150(para) msgid "" "The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command " "language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute. The " @@ -5700,20 +5729,20 @@ msgstr "" "questo campo è vuoto, il valore predefinito è <filename>/bin/sh</filename>." # type: Plain text -#: passwd.5.xml:152(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:171(para) msgid "optional encrypted password file" msgstr "file opzionale delle password cifrate" -#: passwd.5.xml:156(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:175(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd-" msgstr "/etc/passwd-" -#: passwd.5.xml:158(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:177(para) msgid "Backup file for /etc/passwd." msgstr "Copia di backup di /etc/passwd." # type: Plain text -#: passwd.5.xml:170(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:189(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getent</" @@ -6018,7 +6047,7 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>MIN_GIORNI</replaceable>" # type: Plain text -#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:168(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:174(para) msgid "" "Set the minimum number of days between password changes to " "<replaceable>MIN_DAYS</replaceable>. A value of zero for this field " @@ -6120,7 +6149,7 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>MAX_GIORNI</replaceable> viene richiesto di cambiare la " "password." -#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:189(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:195(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as " "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> will remove checking a password's " @@ -6375,7 +6404,7 @@ msgstr "/etc/pam.d/passwd" msgid "PAM configuration for <command>passwd</command>." msgstr "configurazione PAM per <command>passwd</command>." -#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:297(para) msgid "permission denied" msgstr "permesso negato" @@ -6735,15 +6764,15 @@ msgid "The options which apply to the <command>newusers</command> command are:" msgstr "Il comando <command>newusers</command> accetta le seguenti opzioni:" # type: IP -#: newusers.8.xml:271(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) msgid "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" msgstr "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:273(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) msgid "Use the specified method to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "Utilizza il metodo specificato per cifrare le password." -#: newusers.8.xml:274(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:286(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) msgid "" "The available methods are DES, MD5, NONE, and SHA256 or SHA512 if your libc " "support these methods." @@ -6751,7 +6780,7 @@ msgstr "" "I metodi disponibili sono DES, MD5, NONE e SHA256 o SHA512 se la propria " "libc lo consente." -#: newusers.8.xml:296(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:308(para) msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the " @@ -6769,15 +6798,15 @@ msgstr "" "gruppi)." # type: IP -#: newusers.8.xml:322(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:334(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sha-rounds</option>" msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sha-rounds</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:324(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:336(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) msgid "Use the specified number of rounds to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "Usa il numero specificato di cicli per cifrare la password." -#: newusers.8.xml:327(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) msgid "" "The value 0 means that the system will choose the default number of rounds " "for the crypt method (5000)." @@ -6785,18 +6814,18 @@ msgstr "" "Il valore 0 indica che il sistema utilizzerà il numero predefinito di cicli " "per il metodo crypt (5000)." -#: newusers.8.xml:331(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:343(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) msgid "" "A minimal value of 1000 and a maximal value of 999,999,999 will be enforced." msgstr "I valori minimo di 1.000 e massimo di 999.999.999 sono forzati." -#: newusers.8.xml:335(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:347(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "You can only use this option with the SHA256 or SHA512 crypt method." msgstr "" "Si può utilizzare questa opzione solo con i metodi di cifratura SHA256 o " "SHA512." -#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) msgid "" "By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and " "SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." @@ -6805,13 +6834,13 @@ msgstr "" "SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS e SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS nel file <filename>/etc/login." "defs</filename>." -#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:363(para) msgid "" "The input file must be protected since it contains unencrypted passwords." msgstr "" "Il file di input deve essere protetto poiché contiene password non cifrate." -#: newusers.8.xml:355(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:367(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the passwords and the encryption method respect the " "system's password policy." @@ -6819,16 +6848,16 @@ msgstr "" "Ci si deve accertare che le password e il metodo di cifratura rispettino le " "norme delle password del sistema." -#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:442(filename) msgid "/etc/pam.d/newusers" msgstr "/etc/pam.d/newusers" -#: newusers.8.xml:432(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) msgid "PAM configuration for <command>newusers</command>." msgstr "Configurazione PAM per <command>newusers</command>." # type: Plain text -#: newusers.8.xml:452(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:464(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</" @@ -8583,7 +8612,7 @@ msgstr "" # type: SH #: lastlog.8.xml:193(title) groups.1.xml:90(title) chsh.1.xml:140(title) -#: chage.1.xml:231(title) +#: chage.1.xml:237(title) msgid "NOTE" msgstr "NOTA" @@ -9373,7 +9402,7 @@ msgstr "" "Il super utente può specificare quale elenco di membri del gruppo modificare." # type: IP -#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:154(term) +#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:160(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" msgstr "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" @@ -10294,7 +10323,7 @@ msgstr "" "Forza un cambio di password se l'utente corrente ha una password scaduta." # type: Plain text -#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:312(para) +#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:318(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" @@ -10914,8 +10943,19 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>DATA_SCADENZA</replaceable>, si rimuove la data di scadenza " "dell'account." -# type: TP +# type: IP #: chage.1.xml:135(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" +msgid "<option>-i</option>, <option>--iso8601</option>" +msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" + +#: chage.1.xml:137(para) +msgid "When printing dates, use YYYY-MM-DD format." +msgstr "" + +# type: TP +#: chage.1.xml:141(term) msgid "" "<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" @@ -10924,7 +10964,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Plain text -#: chage.1.xml:139(para) +#: chage.1.xml:145(para) msgid "" "Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the " "account is locked. The <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> option is the " @@ -10937,7 +10977,7 @@ msgstr "" "l'account bloccato deve contattare l'amministratore prima di poter usare " "ancora il sistema." -#: chage.1.xml:146(para) +#: chage.1.xml:152(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as the " "<replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> will remove an account's inactivity." @@ -10947,12 +10987,12 @@ msgstr "" "dall'account." # type: Plain text -#: chage.1.xml:158(para) +#: chage.1.xml:164(para) msgid "Show account aging information." msgstr "Visualizza le informazioni sulla scadenza dell'account." # type: IP -#: chage.1.xml:164(term) +#: chage.1.xml:170(term) msgid "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DAYS</" "replaceable>" @@ -10961,7 +11001,7 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>MIN_GIORNI</replaceable>" # type: IP -#: chage.1.xml:176(term) +#: chage.1.xml:182(term) msgid "" "<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option> <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</" "replaceable>" @@ -10970,7 +11010,7 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>MAX_GIORNI</replaceable>" # type: Plain text -#: chage.1.xml:180(para) +#: chage.1.xml:186(para) msgid "" "Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid. When " "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> plus <replaceable>LAST_DAY</replaceable> " @@ -10987,7 +11027,7 @@ msgstr "" "fornisce un preavviso all'utente." # type: IP -#: chage.1.xml:209(term) +#: chage.1.xml:215(term) msgid "" "<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option> " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable>" @@ -10996,7 +11036,7 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>AVVISO_GIORNI</replaceable>" # type: Plain text -#: chage.1.xml:213(para) +#: chage.1.xml:219(para) msgid "" "Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable> option is the number of days prior to " @@ -11009,7 +11049,7 @@ msgstr "" "avvertito dell'imminente scadenza." # type: Plain text -#: chage.1.xml:222(para) +#: chage.1.xml:228(para) msgid "" "If none of the options are selected, <command>chage</command> operates in an " "interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of " @@ -11024,7 +11064,7 @@ msgstr "" "mostrati tra parentesi quadre <emphasis>[ ]</emphasis>." # type: Plain text -#: chage.1.xml:232(para) +#: chage.1.xml:238(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> program requires a shadow password file to be " "available." @@ -11033,7 +11073,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibile." # type: Plain text -#: chage.1.xml:236(para) +#: chage.1.xml:242(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command is restricted to the root user, except " "for the <option>-l</option> option, which may be used by an unprivileged " @@ -11045,17 +11085,17 @@ msgstr "" "dell'account." # type: IP -#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:307(replaceable) msgid "15" msgstr "15" # type: Plain text -#: chage.1.xml:303(para) +#: chage.1.xml:309(para) msgid "can't find the shadow password file" msgstr "non è possibile trovare il file delle password shadow" # type: TP -#: chage.1.xml:279(para) +#: chage.1.xml:285(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -11092,6 +11132,37 @@ msgstr "" #~ "Si può utilizzare <option>--</option> per separare le opzioni di " #~ "<command>su</command> dagli argomenti passati alla shell." +#~ msgid "" +#~ "The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is " +#~ "required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some " +#~ "applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may " +#~ "decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " +#~ "<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the <emphasis>password</" +#~ "emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted " +#~ "password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" +#~ "refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there " +#~ "<emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/" +#~ "shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. If the " +#~ "<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then it will be " +#~ "treated as an encrypted password, as specified by " +#~ "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" +#~ "manvolnum></citerefentry>." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Il campo password cifrata può essere vuoto, nel qual caso non viene " +#~ "richiesta nessuna password per autenticare lo specifico login. Tuttavia " +#~ "alcune applicazioni che leggono il file <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " +#~ "possono decidere di non permettere <emphasis>nessun</emphasis> accesso se " +#~ "il campo <emphasis>password</emphasis> è vuoto. Se il campo " +#~ "<emphasis>password</emphasis> contiene solo una <quote>x</quote> " +#~ "minuscola, la password cifrata è invece memorizzata nel file " +#~ "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</" +#~ "manvolnum></citerefentry>; ci <emphasis>deve</emphasis> essere una riga " +#~ "corrispondente nel file <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> altrimenti " +#~ "l'account non sarà valido. Se il campo <emphasis>password</emphasis> ha " +#~ "un qualsiasi altro contenuto allora viene trattato come password cifrata, " +#~ "come specificato da <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" +#~ "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>." + #~ msgid "-M" #~ msgstr "-M" diff --git a/man/po/pl.po b/man/po/pl.po index 02ffdbb1..ff800a78 100644 --- a/man/po/pl.po +++ b/man/po/pl.po @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: man pages for shadow 4.0.16\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-06-13 11:47-0500\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-01 11:37-0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2013-08-23 01:38+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Tomasz Kłoczko <kloczek@pld.org.pl>\n" "Language-Team: Polish <translation-team-pl@lists.sourceforge.net>\n" @@ -321,9 +321,9 @@ msgstr "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>" msgid "Edit group database." msgstr "Edycja bazy grup." -#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:267(term) -#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:186(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) -#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:277(term) +#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:196(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:295(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:129(term) groupmems.8.xml:142(term) groupdel.8.xml:95(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:131(term) gpasswd.1.xml:173(term) faillog.8.xml:122(term) #: expiry.1.xml:112(term) chsh.1.xml:101(term) chpasswd.8.xml:171(term) @@ -331,9 +331,9 @@ msgstr "Edycja bazy grup." msgid "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" msgstr "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" -#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:269(para) -#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:188(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:279(para) +#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:198(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:297(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:131(para) groupmems.8.xml:144(para) groupdel.8.xml:97(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:133(para) gpasswd.1.xml:175(para) faillog.8.xml:124(para) #: expiry.1.xml:114(para) chsh.1.xml:103(para) chpasswd.8.xml:173(para) @@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ msgstr "<option>-p</option>, <option>--passwd</option>" msgid "Edit passwd database." msgstr "Edycja bazy passwd." -#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:192(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:202(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) msgid "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" @@ -357,13 +357,13 @@ msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgid "Quiet mode." msgstr "Cichy tryb pracy." -#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:312(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) -#: useradd.8.xml:446(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:209(term) -#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:308(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:332(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:456(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:219(term) +#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:320(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) #: grpck.8.xml:173(term) groupmod.8.xml:178(term) groupmems.8.xml:165(term) #: groupdel.8.xml:101(term) groupadd.8.xml:204(term) faillog.8.xml:180(term) #: chsh.1.xml:107(term) chpasswd.8.xml:188(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:146(term) -#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:197(term) +#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:203(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" @@ -375,13 +375,13 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option> <replaceable>KAT_DOMOWY</" "replaceable>" -#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:316(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:450(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:213(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:312(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:336(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:460(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:324(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) #: grpck.8.xml:177(para) groupmod.8.xml:182(para) groupmems.8.xml:169(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:105(para) groupadd.8.xml:208(para) gpasswd.1.xml:185(para) #: faillog.8.xml:184(para) chsh.1.xml:111(para) chpasswd.8.xml:192(para) -#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:201(para) +#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:207(para) #, fuzzy msgid "" "Apply changes in the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> directory and use " @@ -409,26 +409,26 @@ msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgid "Indicates which user's tcb shadow file to edit." msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:514(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:665(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:252(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:534(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:675(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:262(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:374(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:205(title) grpck.8.xml:209(title) groupmod.8.xml:210(title) #: groupmems.8.xml:199(title) groupdel.8.xml:145(title) #: groupadd.8.xml:236(title) gpasswd.1.xml:264(title) chsh.1.xml:154(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:239(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:198(title) chfn.1.xml:193(title) -#: chage.1.xml:244(title) +#: chage.1.xml:250(title) msgid "CONFIGURATION" msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:515(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:666(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) -#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:363(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:535(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:676(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:263(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:375(para) #: newgrp.1.xml:110(para) login.1.xml:295(para) lastlog.8.xml:206(para) #: grpck.8.xml:210(para) groupmod.8.xml:211(para) groupmems.8.xml:200(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:146(para) groupadd.8.xml:237(para) gpasswd.1.xml:265(para) #: chsh.1.xml:155(para) chpasswd.8.xml:240(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:199(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:245(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:251(para) msgid "" "The following configuration variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" "filename> change the behavior of this tool:" @@ -474,11 +474,11 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Editor to be used if <option>VISUAL</option> is not set." msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:532(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:694(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:552(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:704(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) #: sg.1.xml:110(title) shadow.5.xml:255(title) shadow.3.xml:226(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:269(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:141(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:397(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:279(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:160(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:409(title) #: newgrp.1.xml:121(title) logoutd.8.xml:89(title) #: login.access.5.xml:121(title) login.1.xml:338(title) limits.5.xml:196(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:217(title) gshadow.5.xml:156(title) grpck.8.xml:221(title) @@ -486,13 +486,13 @@ msgstr "" #: groupdel.8.xml:157(title) groupadd.8.xml:250(title) gpasswd.1.xml:279(title) #: faillog.8.xml:243(title) faillog.5.xml:96(title) expiry.1.xml:121(title) #: chsh.1.xml:167(title) chpasswd.8.xml:255(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:213(title) -#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:256(title) +#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:262(title) msgid "FILES" msgstr "PLIKI" -#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:535(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:709(filename) -#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:272(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:555(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:719(filename) +#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:282(filename) newusers.8.xml:424(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:136(filename) gshadow.5.xml:159(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:224(filename) groups.1.xml:103(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:225(filename) groupmems.8.xml:214(filename) @@ -502,18 +502,18 @@ msgstr "PLIKI" msgid "/etc/group" msgstr "/etc/group" -#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:537(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:711(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:274(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:557(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:721(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:284(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) #: grpck.8.xml:226(para) groups.1.xml:105(para) groupmod.8.xml:227(para) #: groupmems.8.xml:216(para) groupdel.8.xml:162(para) groupadd.8.xml:255(para) #: gpasswd.1.xml:284(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:218(para) msgid "Group account information." msgstr "Informacje o grupach użytkowników." -#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:541(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:715(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:561(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:725(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) #: gshadow.5.xml:165(filename) grpck.8.xml:230(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:231(filename) groupmems.8.xml:220(filename) #: groupdel.8.xml:166(filename) groupadd.8.xml:259(filename) @@ -522,63 +522,63 @@ msgstr "Informacje o grupach użytkowników." msgid "/etc/gshadow" msgstr "/etc/gshadow" -#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:543(para) useradd.8.xml:717(para) -#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:563(para) useradd.8.xml:727(para) +#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:432(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) #: gshadow.5.xml:167(para) grpck.8.xml:232(para) groupmod.8.xml:233(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:168(para) groupadd.8.xml:261(para) gpasswd.1.xml:290(para) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:224(para) msgid "Secure group account information." msgstr "Informacje chronione o grupach użytkowników." -#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:553(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:697(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:573(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:707(filename) #: su.1.xml:369(filename) sg.1.xml:113(filename) shadow.5.xml:258(filename) -#: pwck.8.xml:278(filename) passwd.5.xml:144(filename) -#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:400(filename) +#: pwck.8.xml:288(filename) passwd.5.xml:163(filename) +#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:124(filename) login.1.xml:353(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:236(filename) groupmod.8.xml:243(filename) #: expiry.1.xml:124(filename) chsh.1.xml:170(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:258(filename) chfn.1.xml:216(filename) -#: chage.1.xml:260(filename) +#: chage.1.xml:266(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd" msgstr "/etc/passwd" -#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:555(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:699(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:280(para) passwd.5.xml:146(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:402(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:575(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:709(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:290(para) passwd.5.xml:165(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) #: login.1.xml:355(para) grpck.8.xml:238(para) groupmod.8.xml:245(para) #: expiry.1.xml:126(para) chsh.1.xml:172(para) chpasswd.8.xml:260(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:263(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:269(para) msgid "User account information." msgstr "Informacja o kontach użytkowników." -#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:559(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:703(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:579(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:713(filename) #: su.1.xml:375(filename) sg.1.xml:119(filename) shadow.5.xml:264(filename) -#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:284(filename) -#: passwd.5.xml:150(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:406(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) +#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:294(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:169(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) #: login.1.xml:359(filename) expiry.1.xml:130(filename) -#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:268(filename) +#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:274(filename) msgid "/etc/shadow" msgstr "/etc/shadow" -#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:561(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:705(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:286(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:408(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:581(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:715(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:296(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) #: login.1.xml:361(para) expiry.1.xml:132(para) chpasswd.8.xml:266(para) -#: chage.1.xml:271(para) +#: chage.1.xml:277(para) msgid "Secure user account information." msgstr "Informacje chronione o użytkownikach." -#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:580(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:823(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:600(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:833(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) #: sg.1.xml:140(title) shadow.5.xml:283(title) shadow.3.xml:238(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:344(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:169(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:451(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:354(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:188(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:463(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) #: login.defs.5.xml:543(title) login.access.5.xml:133(title) #: login.1.xml:398(title) limits.5.xml:206(title) gshadow.5.xml:174(title) #: grpck.8.xml:290(title) groups.1.xml:112(title) groupmod.8.xml:321(title) @@ -586,7 +586,7 @@ msgstr "Informacje chronione o użytkownikach." #: groupadd.8.xml:341(title) gpasswd.1.xml:297(title) faillog.8.xml:255(title) #: faillog.5.xml:108(title) expiry.1.xml:139(title) chsh.1.xml:191(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:285(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:237(title) chfn.1.xml:225(title) -#: chage.1.xml:311(title) +#: chage.1.xml:317(title) msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "ZOBACZ TAKŻE" @@ -713,7 +713,18 @@ msgstr "" "Dodaj użytkownika do dodatkowej grupy lub grup. Może być użyte tylko z opcją " "<option>-G</option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) useradd.8.xml:151(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) usermod.8.xml:122(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" +msgid "<option>-b</option>, <option>--badnames</option>" +msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" + +#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) usermod.8.xml:126(para) useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:190(para) newusers.8.xml:275(para) +msgid "Allow names that do not conform to standards." +msgstr "" + +#: usermod.8.xml:132(term) useradd.8.xml:161(term) msgid "" "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> <replaceable>COMMENT</" "replaceable>" @@ -721,7 +732,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> <replaceable>KOMENTARZ</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:136(para) msgid "" "The new value of the user's password file comment field. It is normally " "modified using the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" @@ -731,7 +742,7 @@ msgstr "" "jest zmieniana przy pomocy polecenia <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>." -#: usermod.8.xml:125(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:145(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> " @@ -743,11 +754,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> " "<replaceable>KAT_DOMOWY</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:129(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) msgid "The user's new login directory." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:132(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:152(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The user's new login directory. If the <option>-m</option> option is " @@ -762,7 +773,7 @@ msgstr "" "zawartość aktualnego katalogu domowego zostanie przesunięta do nowego " "katalogu. Nowy katalog domowy jest tworzony jeśli nie istnieje." -#: usermod.8.xml:141(term) useradd.8.xml:189(term) useradd.8.xml:566(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:199(term) useradd.8.xml:576(term) msgid "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>" @@ -770,7 +781,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>DATA_WAŻN</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:145(para) useradd.8.xml:193(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) useradd.8.xml:203(para) msgid "" "The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified " "in the format <emphasis remap=\"I\">YYYY-MM-DD</emphasis>." @@ -778,19 +789,19 @@ msgstr "" "Data, od której konto danego użytkownika zostanie wyłączone. Data podawana " "jest w formacie <emphasis remap=\"I\">MM/DD/RR</emphasis>." -#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) msgid "" "An empty <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> argument will disable the " "expiration of the account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:153(para) usermod.8.xml:174(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:173(para) usermod.8.xml:194(para) msgid "" "This option requires a <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. A <filename>/" "etc/shadow</filename> entry will be created if there were none." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:206(term) useradd.8.xml:578(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:181(term) useradd.8.xml:216(term) useradd.8.xml:588(term) msgid "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" @@ -798,13 +809,13 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> " "<replaceable>NIEAKTYWNE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:185(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently " "disabled." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:189(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The number of days after a password expires until the account is " @@ -819,7 +830,7 @@ msgstr "" "wyłącza konto natychmiast po przeterminowaniu hasła, zaś wartość -1 wyłącza " "tę cechę. Domyślną wartością jest -1." -#: usermod.8.xml:182(term) useradd.8.xml:225(term) useradd.8.xml:593(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:202(term) useradd.8.xml:235(term) useradd.8.xml:603(term) msgid "" "<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option> <replaceable>GROUP</" "replaceable>" @@ -827,7 +838,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option> <replaceable>GRUPA</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:186(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:206(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The group name or number of the user's new initial login group. The group " @@ -841,19 +852,19 @@ msgstr "" "istnieć. Numer grupy musi odnosić się do już istniejącej grupy. Domyślnym " "numerem grupy jest 1." -#: usermod.8.xml:190(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:210(para) msgid "" "Any file from the user's home directory owned by the previous primary group " "of the user will be owned by this new group." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:194(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:214(para) msgid "" "The group ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be " "fixed manually." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:201(term) useradd.8.xml:252(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) useradd.8.xml:262(term) msgid "" "<option>-G</option>, <option>--groups</option> <replaceable>GROUP1</" "replaceable>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GROUP2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap=\"I" @@ -863,7 +874,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GRUPA2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap=\"I" "\">,GRUPAN</emphasis>]]]" -#: usermod.8.xml:205(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) #, fuzzy msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " @@ -877,7 +888,7 @@ msgstr "" "opcji <option>-g</option>. Jeżeli użytkownik jest obecnie członkiem grupy, " "której nie podano na liście, to zostanie z niej usunięty." -#: usermod.8.xml:212(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:232(para) #, fuzzy msgid "" "If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user " @@ -891,7 +902,7 @@ msgstr "" "opcji <option>-g</option>. Jeżeli użytkownik jest obecnie członkiem grupy, " "której nie podano na liście, to zostanie z niej usunięty." -#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:241(term) msgid "" "<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option> <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</" "replaceable>" @@ -899,7 +910,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option> <replaceable>NOWY_LOGIN</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) #, fuzzy msgid "" "The name of the user will be changed from <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> " @@ -913,11 +924,11 @@ msgstr "" "nazwa katalogu domowego użytkownika, tak by odzwierciedlała nową nazwę " "użytkownika." -#: usermod.8.xml:235(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:255(term) msgid "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" msgstr "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:239(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:259(para) msgid "" "Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the encrypted password, " "effectively disabling the password. You can't use this option with <option>-" @@ -927,24 +938,24 @@ msgstr "" "zakodowanego hasła. Opcji tej nie można używać z opcjami <option>-p</option> " "or <option>-U</option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:265(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you " "should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> to " "<replaceable>1</replaceable>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:254(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--move-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:258(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) msgid "Move the content of the user's home directory to the new location." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:262(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:282(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "" @@ -952,25 +963,25 @@ msgid "" "<option>--home</option>) option." msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:266(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:286(para) msgid "" "<command>usermod</command> will try to adapt the ownership of the files and " "to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be " "needed afterwards." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) useradd.8.xml:386(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:294(term) useradd.8.xml:396(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:157(term) msgid "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" msgstr "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:298(para) msgid "" "When used with the <option>-u</option> option, this option allows to change " "the user ID to a non-unique value." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:285(term) useradd.8.xml:398(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:305(term) useradd.8.xml:408(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:167(term) msgid "" "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option> <replaceable>PASSWORD</" @@ -979,13 +990,13 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option> <replaceable>HASŁO</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:289(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:309(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) msgid "" "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:294(para) useradd.8.xml:407(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:314(para) useradd.8.xml:417(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:176(para) msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"bold\">Note:</emphasis> This option is not recommended " @@ -993,20 +1004,20 @@ msgid "" "listing the processes." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:299(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:319(para) msgid "" "The password will be written in the local <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " "or <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. This might differ from the " "password database configured in your PAM configuration." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:305(para) useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:325(para) useradd.8.xml:422(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:181(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the password respects the system's password policy." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:324(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:344(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:468(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:190(term) groupdel.8.xml:113(term) groupadd.8.xml:216(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" @@ -1019,7 +1030,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> " "<replaceable>KAT_DOMOWY</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:328(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:348(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:472(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:194(para) groupdel.8.xml:117(para) groupadd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "" "Apply changes in the <replaceable>PREFIX_DIR</replaceable> directory and use " @@ -1029,7 +1040,7 @@ msgid "" "verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:341(term) useradd.8.xml:475(term) useradd.8.xml:613(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:361(term) useradd.8.xml:485(term) useradd.8.xml:623(term) #: su.1.xml:186(term) chsh.1.xml:119(term) msgid "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" @@ -1038,7 +1049,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:345(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:365(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank causes " "the system to select the default login shell." @@ -1046,7 +1057,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nazwa nowej powłoki (shell) użytkownika. Ustawienie tego pola na puste " "powoduje, że system wybierze domyślną powłokę logowania." -#: usermod.8.xml:352(term) useradd.8.xml:489(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:372(term) useradd.8.xml:499(term) msgid "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</" "replaceable>" @@ -1054,41 +1065,41 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:356(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:376(para) msgid "The new numerical value of the user's ID." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:359(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:379(para) msgid "" "This value must be unique, unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. " "The value must be non-negative." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:364(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:384(para) msgid "" "The user's mailbox, and any files which the user owns and which are located " "in the user's home directory will have the file user ID changed " "automatically." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:369(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:389(para) msgid "" "The ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed " "manually." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:373(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:393(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>UID_MIN</option>, " "<option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>SYS_UID_MIN</option>, or " "<option>SYS_UID_MAX</option> from <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:382(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" msgstr "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:386(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) msgid "" "Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the encrypted " "password. You can't use this option with <option>-p</option> or <option>-L</" @@ -1098,7 +1109,7 @@ msgstr "" "zakodowanego hasła. Opcji tej nie można używać z opcjami <option>-p</option> " "lub <option>-L</option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:391(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:411(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), " "you should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> (for example " @@ -1106,7 +1117,7 @@ msgid "" "from <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>)." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:422(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" @@ -1118,24 +1129,24 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KLUCZ</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>WARTOŚĆ</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:426(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate uids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:409(para) usermod.8.xml:447(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:429(para) usermod.8.xml:467(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a " "users account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:412(para) usermod.8.xml:432(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:432(para) usermod.8.xml:452(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to <option>SUB_UID_MIN</option>, " "<option>SUB_UID_MAX</option>, or <option>SUB_UID_COUNT</option> from /etc/" "login.defs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:420(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" @@ -1147,11 +1158,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KLUCZ</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>WARTOŚĆ</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:424(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) msgid "Remove a range of subordinate uids from the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:427(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:447(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subuids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1159,7 +1170,7 @@ msgid "" "happens before any subordinate uid range is added." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:460(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" @@ -1171,18 +1182,18 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KLUCZ</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>WARTOŚĆ</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:464(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate gids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:450(para) usermod.8.xml:470(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:470(para) usermod.8.xml:490(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to <option>SUB_GID_MIN</option>, " "<option>SUB_GID_MAX</option>, or <option>SUB_GID_COUNT</option> from /etc/" "login.defs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" @@ -1194,11 +1205,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KLUCZ</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>WARTOŚĆ</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) msgid "Remove a range of subordinate gids from the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:465(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subgids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1206,7 +1217,7 @@ msgid "" "happens before any subordinate gid range is added." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) useradd.8.xml:524(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:498(term) useradd.8.xml:534(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" @@ -1218,11 +1229,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:502(para) msgid "The new SELinux user for the user's login." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:505(para) #, fuzzy msgid "" "A blank <replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable> will remove the SELinux user " @@ -1231,16 +1242,16 @@ msgstr "" "Nazwa grupy zostanie zmieniona z <replaceable>GRUPA</replaceable> na nazwę " "<replaceable>NOWA_GRUPA</replaceable>." -#: usermod.8.xml:496(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:641(title) +#: usermod.8.xml:516(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:651(title) #: su.1.xml:330(title) shadow.3.xml:218(title) passwd.1.xml:377(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:350(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) #: groupdel.8.xml:133(title) groupadd.8.xml:274(title) gpasswd.1.xml:252(title) #: faillog.8.xml:232(title) chpasswd.8.xml:231(title) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:186(title) msgid "CAVEATS" msgstr "OSTRZEŻENIA" -#: usermod.8.xml:497(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:517(para) msgid "" "You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes " "when this command is being executed if the user's numerical user ID, the " @@ -1249,13 +1260,13 @@ msgid "" "uses utmp to check if the user is logged in." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:504(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:524(para) msgid "" "You must change the owner of any <command>crontab</command> files or " "<command>at</command> jobs manually." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:508(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:528(para) msgid "You must make any changes involving NIS on the NIS server." msgstr "" @@ -1493,10 +1504,10 @@ msgid "" "algorithm: <placeholder-1/>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:547(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:745(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:567(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:755(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) #: pwconv.8.xml:253(filename) passwd.1.xml:428(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:424(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:436(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) #: login.1.xml:389(filename) groupmod.8.xml:237(filename) #: groupadd.8.xml:265(filename) chsh.1.xml:182(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:270(filename) chgpasswd.8.xml:228(filename) @@ -1504,39 +1515,39 @@ msgstr "" msgid "/etc/login.defs" msgstr "/etc/login.defs" -#: usermod.8.xml:549(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:747(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:569(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:757(para) #: su.1.xml:383(para) pwconv.8.xml:255(para) passwd.1.xml:430(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:239(para) groupadd.8.xml:267(para) chsh.1.xml:184(para) #: chpasswd.8.xml:272(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:230(para) chfn.1.xml:212(para) msgid "Shadow password suite configuration." msgstr "Konfiguracja pakietu shadow." -#: usermod.8.xml:565(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:733(filename) newusers.8.xml:436(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:585(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:743(filename) newusers.8.xml:448(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/suauth" msgid "/etc/subgid" msgstr "/etc/suauth" -#: usermod.8.xml:567(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:735(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:587(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:745(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:450(para) msgid "Per user subordinate group IDs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:571(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:739(filename) newusers.8.xml:442(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:591(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:749(filename) newusers.8.xml:454(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/suauth" msgid "/etc/subuid" msgstr "/etc/suauth" -#: usermod.8.xml:573(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:741(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:593(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:751(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:456(para) msgid "Per user subordinate user IDs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:581(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:601(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" @@ -1742,58 +1753,58 @@ msgid "" "the user." msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:754(title) su.1.xml:390(title) -#: pwck.8.xml:293(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) +#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:764(title) su.1.xml:390(title) +#: pwck.8.xml:303(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) #: groupmod.8.xml:252(title) groupdel.8.xml:175(title) -#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:278(title) +#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:284(title) msgid "EXIT VALUES" msgstr "KOD ZAKOŃCZENIA" -#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:759(replaceable) -#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:298(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:769(replaceable) +#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:308(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:448(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:250(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:257(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:180(replaceable) -#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:283(replaceable) +#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) msgid "0" msgstr "0" -#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:761(para) pwck.8.xml:300(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:771(para) pwck.8.xml:310(para) #: passwd.1.xml:450(para) grpck.8.xml:252(para) groupdel.8.xml:182(para) -#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:285(para) +#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) msgid "success" msgstr "poprawne zakończenie działania programu" -#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:765(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:775(replaceable) #: su.1.xml:75(manvolnum) su.1.xml:415(replaceable) sg.1.xml:59(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:304(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:314(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) #: passwd.1.xml:454(replaceable) newgrp.1.xml:59(manvolnum) #: login.1.xml:91(manvolnum) grpck.8.xml:256(replaceable) #: groups.1.xml:58(manvolnum) gpasswd.1.xml:63(manvolnum) #: expiry.1.xml:62(manvolnum) chsh.1.xml:61(manvolnum) chfn.1.xml:61(manvolnum) -#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) msgid "1" msgstr "1" -#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:767(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:777(para) msgid "can't update password file" msgstr "nie można zaktualizować pliku z hasłami" -#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:771(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:310(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:781(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:320(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:262(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:263(replaceable) #: groupdel.8.xml:186(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:307(replaceable) -#: chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) msgid "2" msgstr "2" -#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:773(para) pwck.8.xml:306(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:783(para) pwck.8.xml:316(para) #: grpck.8.xml:258(para) groupdel.8.xml:188(para) groupadd.8.xml:309(para) -#: chage.1.xml:297(para) +#: chage.1.xml:303(para) msgid "invalid command syntax" msgstr "niepoprawna składnia polecenia" -#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:789(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:334(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:799(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:344(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:281(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:192(replaceable) msgid "6" msgstr "6" @@ -1806,18 +1817,18 @@ msgstr "" msgid "user currently logged in" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:801(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:811(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:293(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:204(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:331(replaceable) msgid "10" msgstr "10" -#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:803(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:813(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:333(para) msgid "can't update group file" msgstr "nie można zaktualizować pliku z grupami" -#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:807(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:817(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:305(replaceable) msgid "12" msgstr "12" @@ -1959,7 +1970,11 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>useradd</command> command are:" msgstr "Polecenie <command>useradd</command> posiada następujące opcje:" -#: useradd.8.xml:130(term) useradd.8.xml:548(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:131(option) pwck.8.xml:187(option) newusers.8.xml:272(option) +msgid "--badname" +msgstr "" + +#: useradd.8.xml:140(term) useradd.8.xml:558(term) msgid "" "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -1967,7 +1982,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> " "<replaceable>KAT_BAZOWY</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The default base directory for the system if <option>-d</option> " "<replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> is not specified. <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" @@ -1976,20 +1991,20 @@ msgid "" "<replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> must exist." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:141(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:151(para) msgid "" "If this option is not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the " "base directory specified by the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/" "etc/default/useradd</filename>, or <filename>/home</filename> by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:155(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:165(para) msgid "" "Any text string. It is generally a short description of the login, and is " "currently used as the field for the user's full name." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:163(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:173(term) msgid "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -1997,7 +2012,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> " "<replaceable>KAT_DOMOWY</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:167(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:177(para) msgid "" "The new user will be created using <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> as " "the value for the user's login directory. The default is to append the " @@ -2007,24 +2022,24 @@ msgid "" "created if it is missing." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:179(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:189(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-d</option>, <option>--delete</option>" msgid "<option>-D</option>, <option>--defaults</option>" msgstr "<option>-d</option>, <option>--delete</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:183(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:193(para) msgid "See below, the subsection \"Changing the default values\"." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:197(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:207(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default expiry " "date specified by the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>, or an empty string (no expiry) by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:220(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The number of days after a password expires until the account is " @@ -2040,14 +2055,14 @@ msgstr "" "wyłącza konto natychmiast po przeterminowaniu hasła, zaś wartość -1 wyłącza " "tę cechę. Domyślną wartością jest -1." -#: useradd.8.xml:216(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:226(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default inactivity " "period specified by the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>, or -1 by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:229(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:239(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The group name or number of the user's new initial login group. The group " @@ -2061,7 +2076,7 @@ msgstr "" "istnieć. Numer grupy musi odnosić się do już istniejącej grupy. Domyślnym " "numerem grupy jest 1." -#: useradd.8.xml:234(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "If not specified, the behavior of <command>useradd</command> will depend on " "the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> variable in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" @@ -2075,7 +2090,7 @@ msgid "" "default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:256(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:266(para) msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " "group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. " @@ -2084,7 +2099,7 @@ msgid "" "the initial group." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:273(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:283(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" @@ -2096,14 +2111,14 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" "replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:277(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:287(para) msgid "" "The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in " "the user's home directory, when the home directory is created by " "<command>useradd</command>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:282(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "" @@ -2111,18 +2126,18 @@ msgid "" "home</option>) option is specified." msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:286(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:296(para) msgid "" "If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the " "<option>SKEL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> " "or, by default, <filename>/etc/skel</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) msgid "If possible, the ACLs and extended attributes are copied." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:298(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:308(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) msgid "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VALUE</replaceable>" @@ -2130,7 +2145,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KLUCZ</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>WARTOŚĆ</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:312(para) msgid "" "Overrides <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> defaults (<option>UID_MIN</" "option>, <option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>UMASK</option>, " @@ -2144,66 +2159,66 @@ msgid "" "<replaceable>UID_MAX</replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:323(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:333(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--no-log-init</option>" msgstr "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:325(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:335(para) msgid "Do not add the user to the lastlog and faillog databases." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:328(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:338(para) msgid "" "By default, the user's entries in the lastlog and faillog databases are " "reset to avoid reusing the entry from a previously deleted user." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:336(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:346(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:340(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:350(para) msgid "" "Create the user's home directory if it does not exist. The files and " "directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with " "the <option>-k</option> option) will be copied to the home directory." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:346(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:356(para) msgid "" "By default, if this option is not specified and <option>CREATE_HOME</option> " "is not enabled, no home directories are created." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:354(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:364(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "<option>-M</option>, <option>--no-create-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:358(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:368(para) msgid "" "Do no create the user's home directory, even if the system wide setting from " "<filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> (<option>CREATE_HOME</option>) is set " "to <replaceable>yes</replaceable>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:367(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:377(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>" msgid "<option>-N</option>, <option>--no-user-group</option>" msgstr "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:371(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:381(para) msgid "" "Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to " "the group specified by the <option>-g</option> option or by the " "<option>GROUP</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:377(para) useradd.8.xml:515(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:387(para) useradd.8.xml:525(para) msgid "" "The default behavior (if the <option>-g</option>, <option>-N</option>, and " "<option>-U</option> options are not specified) is defined by the " @@ -2211,18 +2226,18 @@ msgid "" "filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:390(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:400(para) msgid "Allow the creation of a user account with a duplicate (non-unique) UID." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:391(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:401(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "" "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-u</option> option." msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:402(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) #, fuzzy msgid "" "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" @@ -2233,17 +2248,17 @@ msgstr "" "jest zmieniana przy pomocy polecenia <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>." -#: useradd.8.xml:419(term) newusers.8.xml:289(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:429(term) newusers.8.xml:301(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--system</option>" msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:423(para) newusers.8.xml:293(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:433(para) newusers.8.xml:305(para) msgid "Create a system account." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:426(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:436(para) msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the " @@ -2253,7 +2268,7 @@ msgid "" "the creation of groups)." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:435(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:445(para) msgid "" "Note that <command>useradd</command> will not create a home directory for " "such a user, regardless of the default setting in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" @@ -2262,7 +2277,7 @@ msgid "" "created." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:479(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:489(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's login shell. The default is to leave this field " "blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell specified " @@ -2270,7 +2285,7 @@ msgid "" "filename>, or an empty string by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:493(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:503(para) msgid "" "The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the " "<option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be non-negative. The " @@ -2278,26 +2293,26 @@ msgid "" "<option>UID_MIN</option> and greater than every other user." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:500(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:510(para) #, fuzzy msgid "" "See also the <option>-r</option> option and the <option>UID_MAX</option> " "description." msgstr "<option>-</option>, <option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:507(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:517(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>" msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--user-group</option>" msgstr "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:511(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:521(para) msgid "" "Create a group with the same name as the user, and add the user to this " "group." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:528(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:538(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank " @@ -2309,11 +2324,11 @@ msgstr "" "Nazwa nowej powłoki (shell) użytkownika. Ustawienie tego pola na puste " "powoduje, że system wybierze domyślną powłokę logowania." -#: useradd.8.xml:538(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:548(title) msgid "Changing the default values" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:539(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:549(para) msgid "" "When invoked with only the <option>-D</option> option, <command>useradd</" "command> will display the current default values. When invoked with <option>-" @@ -2321,7 +2336,7 @@ msgid "" "default values for the specified options. Valid default-changing options are:" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:552(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:562(para) msgid "" "The path prefix for a new user's home directory. The user's name will be " "affixed to the end of <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> to form the new " @@ -2329,35 +2344,35 @@ msgid "" "when creating a new account." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:559(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:569(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:570(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:580(para) msgid "The date on which the user account is disabled." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:571(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:581(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:582(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:592(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password has expired before the account will be " "disabled." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:586(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:596(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:597(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:607(para) msgid "" "The group name or ID for a new user's initial group (when the <option>-N/--" "no-user-group</option> is used or when the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> " @@ -2366,27 +2381,27 @@ msgid "" "have an existing entry." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:606(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:616(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>GROUP</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:617(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:627(para) msgid "The name of a new user's login shell." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:620(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:630(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>SHELL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:632(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:642(title) msgid "NOTES" msgstr "UWAGI" -#: useradd.8.xml:633(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:643(para) msgid "" "The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files " "in the <filename>/etc/skel/</filename> directory (or any other skeleton " @@ -2394,27 +2409,27 @@ msgid "" "command line)." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:642(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:652(para) msgid "" "You may not add a user to a NIS or LDAP group. This must be performed on the " "corresponding server." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:647(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:657(para) msgid "" "Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such " "as NIS or LDAP, <command>useradd</command> will deny the user account " "creation request." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:653(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:663(para) msgid "" "Usernames must start with a lower case letter or an underscore, followed by " "lower case letters, digits, underscores, or dashes. They can end with a " "dollar sign. In regular expression terms: [a-z_][a-z0-9_-]*[$]?" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:659(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:669(para) msgid "Usernames may only be up to 32 characters long." msgstr "" @@ -2625,71 +2640,71 @@ msgid "" "It is also used by <command>pam_umask</command> as the default umask value." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:721(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:731(filename) msgid "/etc/default/useradd" msgstr "/etc/default/useradd" -#: useradd.8.xml:723(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:733(para) msgid "Default values for account creation." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:727(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:737(filename) msgid "/etc/skel/" msgstr "/etc/skel/" -#: useradd.8.xml:729(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:739(para) msgid "Directory containing default files." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:777(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:316(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:787(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:326(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:268(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:269(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:313(replaceable) msgid "3" msgstr "3" -#: useradd.8.xml:779(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:789(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) msgid "invalid argument to option" msgstr "nieprawidłowy argument opcji" -#: useradd.8.xml:783(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:322(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:793(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:332(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:472(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:274(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:275(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:319(replaceable) msgid "4" msgstr "4" -#: useradd.8.xml:785(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:795(para) msgid "UID already in use (and no <option>-o</option>)" msgstr "UID juz jest używany (i nie uzyto opcji <option>-o</option>)" -#: useradd.8.xml:791(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:801(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) msgid "specified group doesn't exist" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:795(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:805(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:325(replaceable) msgid "9" msgstr "9" -#: useradd.8.xml:797(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:807(para) msgid "username already in use" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:809(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:819(para) msgid "can't create home directory" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:813(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:823(replaceable) #, fuzzy #| msgid "1" msgid "14" msgstr "1" -#: useradd.8.xml:815(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:825(para) msgid "can't update SELinux user mapping" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:755(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:765(para) msgid "" "The <command>useradd</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -2697,7 +2712,7 @@ msgstr "" "Polecenie <command>useradd</command> kończy działanie z następującymi " "wartościami kodów zakończenia: <placeholder-1/>" -#: useradd.8.xml:824(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:834(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" @@ -2767,7 +2782,7 @@ msgid "suauth" msgstr "suauth" #: suauth.5.xml:58(manvolnum) shadow.5.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:328(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:338(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) #: passwd.5.xml:58(manvolnum) passwd.1.xml:478(replaceable) #: login.defs.5.xml:124(manvolnum) login.access.5.xml:59(manvolnum) #: limits.5.xml:60(manvolnum) gshadow.5.xml:47(manvolnum) @@ -3617,13 +3632,28 @@ msgstr "" msgid "encrypted password" msgstr "" -#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) +msgid "" +"This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to " +"authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which " +"read the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file may decide not to permit any " +"access at all if the password field is empty." +msgstr "" + +#: shadow.5.xml:105(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) +msgid "" +"A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the " +"password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the " +"password field before the password was locked." +msgstr "" + +#: shadow.5.xml:111(para) passwd.5.xml:126(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) msgid "" "Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" "manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." msgstr "" -#: shadow.5.xml:103(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:116(para) passwd.5.xml:131(para) #, fuzzy msgid "" "If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of " @@ -3635,21 +3665,6 @@ msgstr "" "jest zmieniana przy pomocy polecenia <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>." -#: shadow.5.xml:110(para) -msgid "" -"This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to " -"authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which " -"read the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file may decide not to permit any " -"access at all if the password field is empty." -msgstr "" - -#: shadow.5.xml:117(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) -msgid "" -"A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the " -"password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the " -"password field before the password was locked." -msgstr "" - #: shadow.5.xml:127(emphasis) msgid "date of last password change" msgstr "" @@ -3797,7 +3812,7 @@ msgstr "/etc/shadow" msgid "Backup file for /etc/shadow." msgstr "" -#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:159(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:178(para) msgid "" "Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow toolsuite, but not by " "all user and password management tools." @@ -4343,41 +4358,41 @@ msgstr "<option>-</option>, <option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option>" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>pwck</command> command are:" msgstr "Polecenie <command>pwck</command> posiada następujące opcje:" -#: pwck.8.xml:194(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:204(para) msgid "" "Report errors only. The warnings which do not require any action from the " "user won't be displayed." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:201(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:211(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--remove</option>" msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--read-only</option>" msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--remove</option>" -#: pwck.8.xml:203(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:213(para) msgid "Execute the <command>pwck</command> command in read-only mode." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:221(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:231(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shadow</option>" msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shadow</option>" -#: pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:233(para) msgid "" "Sort entries in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</" "filename> by UID." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:227(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:237(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "This option has no effect when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled." msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: pwck.8.xml:234(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "By default, <command>pwck</command> operates on the files <filename>/etc/" "passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename><phrase condition=\"tcb" @@ -4386,36 +4401,36 @@ msgid "" "<replaceable>shadow</replaceable> parameters." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:243(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) msgid "" "Note that when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled, you cannot specify an " "alternative <replaceable>shadow</replaceable> file. In future releases, this " "parameter could be replaced by an alternate TCB directory." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:312(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:322(para) msgid "one or more bad password entries" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:318(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:328(para) msgid "can't open password files" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:324(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:334(para) msgid "can't lock password files" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:330(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:340(para) msgid "can't update password files" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:336(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:346(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "can't update password file" msgid "can't sort password files" msgstr "nie można zaktualizować pliku z hasłami" -#: pwck.8.xml:294(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:304(para) msgid "" "The <command>pwck</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -4423,7 +4438,7 @@ msgstr "" "Polecenie <command>pwck</command> kończy działanie z następującymi " "wartościami kodów zakończenia: <placeholder-1/>" -#: pwck.8.xml:345(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:355(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>vi</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" @@ -4586,37 +4601,46 @@ msgstr "" #: passwd.5.xml:100(para) msgid "" -"The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is " -"required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some " -"applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may decide " -"not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the <emphasis>password</" -"emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted " -"password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" -"refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there " -"<emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/" -"shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. If the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then it will be " -"treated as an encrypted password, as specified by " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>." +"If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, " +"then the encrypted password is actually stored in the " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" +"citerefentry> file instead; there <emphasis>must</emphasis> be a " +"corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file, or else the " +"user account is invalid." +msgstr "" + +#: passwd.5.xml:109(para) +msgid "" +"The encrypted <emphasis>password</emphasis> field may be empty, in which " +"case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. " +"However, some applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " +"file may decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " +"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank." +msgstr "" + +#: passwd.5.xml:118(para) +msgid "" +"A <emphasis>password</emphasis> field which starts with an exclamation mark " +"means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line " +"represent the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field before the password was " +"locked." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:119(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:138(para) msgid "" "The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as " "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:125(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. " "The <command>login</command> program uses this information to set the value " "of the <envar>$HOME</envar> environmental variable." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:131(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:150(para) msgid "" "The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command " "language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute. The " @@ -4625,21 +4649,21 @@ msgid "" "defaults to the value <filename>/bin/sh</filename>." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:152(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:171(para) msgid "optional encrypted password file" msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:156(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:175(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/passwd" msgid "/etc/passwd-" msgstr "/etc/passwd" -#: passwd.5.xml:158(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:177(para) msgid "Backup file for /etc/passwd." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:170(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:189(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" @@ -4884,7 +4908,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DNI</" "replaceable>" -#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:168(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:174(para) msgid "" "Set the minimum number of days between password changes to " "<replaceable>MIN_DAYS</replaceable>. A value of zero for this field " @@ -4962,7 +4986,7 @@ msgid "" "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable>, the password is required to be changed." msgstr "" -#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:189(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:195(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as " "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> will remove checking a password's " @@ -5172,7 +5196,7 @@ msgstr "/etc/passwd" msgid "PAM configuration for <command>passwd</command>." msgstr "" -#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:297(para) msgid "permission denied" msgstr "brak dostępu" @@ -5477,22 +5501,22 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>newusers</command> command are:" msgstr "Polecenie <command>usermod</command> posiada następujące opcje:" -#: newusers.8.xml:271(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) #, fuzzy msgid "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" msgstr "<option>-e</option>, <option>--encrypted</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:273(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) msgid "Use the specified method to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:274(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:286(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) msgid "" "The available methods are DES, MD5, NONE, and SHA256 or SHA512 if your libc " "support these methods." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:296(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:308(para) msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the " @@ -5502,58 +5526,58 @@ msgid "" "the creation of groups)." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:322(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:334(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) #, fuzzy msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sha-rounds</option>" msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shadow</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:324(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:336(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) msgid "Use the specified number of rounds to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:327(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) msgid "" "The value 0 means that the system will choose the default number of rounds " "for the crypt method (5000)." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:331(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:343(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) msgid "" "A minimal value of 1000 and a maximal value of 999,999,999 will be enforced." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:335(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:347(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "You can only use this option with the SHA256 or SHA512 crypt method." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) msgid "" "By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and " "SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:363(para) msgid "" "The input file must be protected since it contains unencrypted passwords." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:355(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:367(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the passwords and the encryption method respect the " "system's password policy." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:442(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/passwd" msgid "/etc/pam.d/newusers" msgstr "/etc/passwd" -#: newusers.8.xml:432(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) msgid "PAM configuration for <command>newusers</command>." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:452(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:464(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>vi</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" @@ -6943,7 +6967,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #: lastlog.8.xml:193(title) groups.1.xml:90(title) chsh.1.xml:140(title) -#: chage.1.xml:231(title) +#: chage.1.xml:237(title) msgid "NOTE" msgstr "UWAGI" @@ -7648,7 +7672,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The superuser can specify which group membership list to modify." msgstr "" -#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:154(term) +#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:160(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" msgstr "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" @@ -8458,7 +8482,7 @@ msgstr "sprawdzenie ważności i wymuszenie zmiany hasła" msgid "Force a password change if the current user has an expired password." msgstr "" -#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:312(para) +#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:318(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" @@ -9008,6 +9032,16 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable> usuwa ograniczenie ważności konta użytkownika." #: chage.1.xml:135(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shadow</option>" +msgid "<option>-i</option>, <option>--iso8601</option>" +msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shadow</option>" + +#: chage.1.xml:137(para) +msgid "When printing dates, use YYYY-MM-DD format." +msgstr "" + +#: chage.1.xml:141(term) msgid "" "<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" @@ -9015,7 +9049,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> " "<replaceable>NIEAKTYWNE</replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:139(para) +#: chage.1.xml:145(para) msgid "" "Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the " "account is locked. The <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> option is the " @@ -9028,7 +9062,7 @@ msgstr "" "Użytkownik, którego konto jest zablokowane musi skontaktować się z " "administratorem systemu zanim będzie mógł z niego ponownie skorzystać." -#: chage.1.xml:146(para) +#: chage.1.xml:152(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as the " "<replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> will remove an account's inactivity." @@ -9037,11 +9071,11 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>NIEAKTYWNE</replaceable> usuwa ograniczenie nieaktywniści konta " "użytkownika." -#: chage.1.xml:158(para) +#: chage.1.xml:164(para) msgid "Show account aging information." msgstr "Wyświetlenie informacji o terminach ważności konta i hasła." -#: chage.1.xml:164(term) +#: chage.1.xml:170(term) msgid "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DAYS</" "replaceable>" @@ -9049,7 +9083,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DNI</" "replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:176(term) +#: chage.1.xml:182(term) msgid "" "<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option> <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</" "replaceable>" @@ -9057,7 +9091,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option> <replaceable>MAX_DNI</" "replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:180(para) +#: chage.1.xml:186(para) msgid "" "Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid. When " "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> plus <replaceable>LAST_DAY</replaceable> " @@ -9073,7 +9107,7 @@ msgstr "" "wyprzedzeniem przez wykorzystanie opcji <option>-W</option>, ostrzegającej " "zawczasu użytkownika o zbliżającym się terminie zmiany." -#: chage.1.xml:209(term) +#: chage.1.xml:215(term) msgid "" "<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option> " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable>" @@ -9081,7 +9115,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option> " "<replaceable>DNI_OSTRZ</replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:213(para) +#: chage.1.xml:219(para) msgid "" "Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable> option is the number of days prior to " @@ -9092,7 +9126,7 @@ msgstr "" "ważności hasła. Od tego dnia użytkownik będzie ostrzegany o nadchodzącym " "terminie zmiany hasła." -#: chage.1.xml:222(para) +#: chage.1.xml:228(para) msgid "" "If none of the options are selected, <command>chage</command> operates in an " "interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of " @@ -9106,7 +9140,7 @@ msgstr "" "wartości pustej pozostawia wartość bieżącą. Bieżąca wartość pola wyświetlana " "jest w nawiasach <emphasis>[ ]</emphasis>." -#: chage.1.xml:232(para) +#: chage.1.xml:238(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> program requires a shadow password file to be " "available." @@ -9114,7 +9148,7 @@ msgstr "" "Program <command>chage</command> wymaga do działania chronionego pliku haseł " "użytkowników (shadow)." -#: chage.1.xml:236(para) +#: chage.1.xml:242(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command is restricted to the root user, except " "for the <option>-l</option> option, which may be used by an unprivileged " @@ -9124,15 +9158,15 @@ msgstr "" "l</option>. Może się nią posłużyć się użytkownik nieuprzywilejowany do " "stwierdzenia, kiedy wygasa jego własne hasło lub konto." -#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:307(replaceable) msgid "15" msgstr "15" -#: chage.1.xml:303(para) +#: chage.1.xml:309(para) msgid "can't find the shadow password file" msgstr "nie można znaleźć pliku shadow" -#: chage.1.xml:279(para) +#: chage.1.xml:285(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" diff --git a/man/po/ru.po b/man/po/ru.po index 750b1d24..0f5ac97b 100644 --- a/man/po/ru.po +++ b/man/po/ru.po @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: 1:4.0.18.2-1\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-06-13 11:47-0500\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-01 11:37-0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2013-08-23 01:39+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Yuri Kozlov <yuray@komyakino.ru>\n" "Language-Team: Russian <debian-l10n-russian@lists.debian.org>\n" @@ -331,9 +331,9 @@ msgstr "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>" msgid "Edit group database." msgstr "Редактировать базу данных групп." -#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:267(term) -#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:186(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) -#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:277(term) +#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:196(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:295(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:129(term) groupmems.8.xml:142(term) groupdel.8.xml:95(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:131(term) gpasswd.1.xml:173(term) faillog.8.xml:122(term) #: expiry.1.xml:112(term) chsh.1.xml:101(term) chpasswd.8.xml:171(term) @@ -342,9 +342,9 @@ msgid "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" msgstr "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:269(para) -#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:188(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:279(para) +#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:198(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:297(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:131(para) groupmems.8.xml:144(para) groupdel.8.xml:97(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:133(para) gpasswd.1.xml:175(para) faillog.8.xml:124(para) #: expiry.1.xml:114(para) chsh.1.xml:103(para) chpasswd.8.xml:173(para) @@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ msgstr "<option>-p</option>, <option>--passwd</option>" msgid "Edit passwd database." msgstr "Редактировать базу данных passwd." -#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:192(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:202(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) msgid "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" @@ -370,13 +370,13 @@ msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgid "Quiet mode." msgstr "Не выводить сообщений при работе." -#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:312(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) -#: useradd.8.xml:446(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:209(term) -#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:308(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:332(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:456(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:219(term) +#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:320(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) #: grpck.8.xml:173(term) groupmod.8.xml:178(term) groupmems.8.xml:165(term) #: groupdel.8.xml:101(term) groupadd.8.xml:204(term) faillog.8.xml:180(term) #: chsh.1.xml:107(term) chpasswd.8.xml:188(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:146(term) -#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:197(term) +#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:203(term) msgid "" "<option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option> <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -384,13 +384,13 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option> <replaceable>КАТ_CHROOT</" "replaceable>" -#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:316(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:450(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:213(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:312(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:336(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:460(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:324(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) #: grpck.8.xml:177(para) groupmod.8.xml:182(para) groupmems.8.xml:169(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:105(para) groupadd.8.xml:208(para) gpasswd.1.xml:185(para) #: faillog.8.xml:184(para) chsh.1.xml:111(para) chpasswd.8.xml:192(para) -#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:201(para) +#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:207(para) msgid "" "Apply changes in the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> directory and use " "the configuration files from the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> " @@ -417,26 +417,26 @@ msgstr "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option>" msgid "Indicates which user's tcb shadow file to edit." msgstr "Указать какой пользовательский теневой файл tcb редактировать." -#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:514(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:665(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:252(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:534(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:675(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:262(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:374(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:205(title) grpck.8.xml:209(title) groupmod.8.xml:210(title) #: groupmems.8.xml:199(title) groupdel.8.xml:145(title) #: groupadd.8.xml:236(title) gpasswd.1.xml:264(title) chsh.1.xml:154(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:239(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:198(title) chfn.1.xml:193(title) -#: chage.1.xml:244(title) +#: chage.1.xml:250(title) msgid "CONFIGURATION" msgstr "НАСТРОЙКА" -#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:515(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:666(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) -#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:363(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:535(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:676(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:263(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:375(para) #: newgrp.1.xml:110(para) login.1.xml:295(para) lastlog.8.xml:206(para) #: grpck.8.xml:210(para) groupmod.8.xml:211(para) groupmems.8.xml:200(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:146(para) groupadd.8.xml:237(para) gpasswd.1.xml:265(para) #: chsh.1.xml:155(para) chpasswd.8.xml:240(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:199(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:245(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:251(para) msgid "" "The following configuration variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" "filename> change the behavior of this tool:" @@ -487,11 +487,11 @@ msgstr "" "option>." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:532(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:694(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:552(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:704(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) #: sg.1.xml:110(title) shadow.5.xml:255(title) shadow.3.xml:226(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:269(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:141(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:397(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:279(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:160(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:409(title) #: newgrp.1.xml:121(title) logoutd.8.xml:89(title) #: login.access.5.xml:121(title) login.1.xml:338(title) limits.5.xml:196(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:217(title) gshadow.5.xml:156(title) grpck.8.xml:221(title) @@ -499,14 +499,14 @@ msgstr "" #: groupdel.8.xml:157(title) groupadd.8.xml:250(title) gpasswd.1.xml:279(title) #: faillog.8.xml:243(title) faillog.5.xml:96(title) expiry.1.xml:121(title) #: chsh.1.xml:167(title) chpasswd.8.xml:255(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:213(title) -#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:256(title) +#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:262(title) msgid "FILES" msgstr "ФАЙЛЫ" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><filename> -#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:535(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:709(filename) -#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:272(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:555(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:719(filename) +#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:282(filename) newusers.8.xml:424(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:136(filename) gshadow.5.xml:159(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:224(filename) groups.1.xml:103(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:225(filename) groupmems.8.xml:214(filename) @@ -517,9 +517,9 @@ msgid "/etc/group" msgstr "/etc/group" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:537(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:711(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:274(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:557(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:721(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:284(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) #: grpck.8.xml:226(para) groups.1.xml:105(para) groupmod.8.xml:227(para) #: groupmems.8.xml:216(para) groupdel.8.xml:162(para) groupadd.8.xml:255(para) #: gpasswd.1.xml:284(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:218(para) @@ -527,9 +527,9 @@ msgid "Group account information." msgstr "содержит информацию о группах" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><filename> -#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:541(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:715(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:561(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:725(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) #: gshadow.5.xml:165(filename) grpck.8.xml:230(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:231(filename) groupmems.8.xml:220(filename) #: groupdel.8.xml:166(filename) groupadd.8.xml:259(filename) @@ -539,8 +539,8 @@ msgid "/etc/gshadow" msgstr "/etc/gshadow" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:543(para) useradd.8.xml:717(para) -#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:563(para) useradd.8.xml:727(para) +#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:432(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) #: gshadow.5.xml:167(para) grpck.8.xml:232(para) groupmod.8.xml:233(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:168(para) groupadd.8.xml:261(para) gpasswd.1.xml:290(para) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:224(para) @@ -548,59 +548,59 @@ msgid "Secure group account information." msgstr "содержит защищаемую информацию о группах" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><filename> -#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:553(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:697(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:573(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:707(filename) #: su.1.xml:369(filename) sg.1.xml:113(filename) shadow.5.xml:258(filename) -#: pwck.8.xml:278(filename) passwd.5.xml:144(filename) -#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:400(filename) +#: pwck.8.xml:288(filename) passwd.5.xml:163(filename) +#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:124(filename) login.1.xml:353(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:236(filename) groupmod.8.xml:243(filename) #: expiry.1.xml:124(filename) chsh.1.xml:170(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:258(filename) chfn.1.xml:216(filename) -#: chage.1.xml:260(filename) +#: chage.1.xml:266(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd" msgstr "/etc/passwd" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:555(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:699(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:280(para) passwd.5.xml:146(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:402(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:575(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:709(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:290(para) passwd.5.xml:165(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) #: login.1.xml:355(para) grpck.8.xml:238(para) groupmod.8.xml:245(para) #: expiry.1.xml:126(para) chsh.1.xml:172(para) chpasswd.8.xml:260(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:263(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:269(para) msgid "User account information." msgstr "содержит информацию о пользователях" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><filename> -#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:559(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:703(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:579(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:713(filename) #: su.1.xml:375(filename) sg.1.xml:119(filename) shadow.5.xml:264(filename) -#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:284(filename) -#: passwd.5.xml:150(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:406(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) +#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:294(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:169(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) #: login.1.xml:359(filename) expiry.1.xml:130(filename) -#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:268(filename) +#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:274(filename) msgid "/etc/shadow" msgstr "/etc/shadow" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:561(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:705(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:286(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:408(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:581(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:715(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:296(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) #: login.1.xml:361(para) expiry.1.xml:132(para) chpasswd.8.xml:266(para) -#: chage.1.xml:271(para) +#: chage.1.xml:277(para) msgid "Secure user account information." msgstr "содержит защищаемую информацию о пользователях" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:580(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:823(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:600(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:833(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) #: sg.1.xml:140(title) shadow.5.xml:283(title) shadow.3.xml:238(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:344(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:169(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:451(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:354(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:188(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:463(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) #: login.defs.5.xml:543(title) login.access.5.xml:133(title) #: login.1.xml:398(title) limits.5.xml:206(title) gshadow.5.xml:174(title) #: grpck.8.xml:290(title) groups.1.xml:112(title) groupmod.8.xml:321(title) @@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ msgstr "содержит защищаемую информацию о польз #: groupadd.8.xml:341(title) gpasswd.1.xml:297(title) faillog.8.xml:255(title) #: faillog.5.xml:108(title) expiry.1.xml:139(title) chsh.1.xml:191(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:285(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:237(title) chfn.1.xml:225(title) -#: chage.1.xml:311(title) +#: chage.1.xml:317(title) msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ" @@ -725,7 +725,18 @@ msgstr "" "Добавить пользователя в дополнительную группу(ы). Использовать только вместе " "с параметром <option>-G</option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) useradd.8.xml:151(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) usermod.8.xml:122(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" +msgid "<option>-b</option>, <option>--badnames</option>" +msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" + +#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) usermod.8.xml:126(para) useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:190(para) newusers.8.xml:275(para) +msgid "Allow names that do not conform to standards." +msgstr "" + +#: usermod.8.xml:132(term) useradd.8.xml:161(term) msgid "" "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> <replaceable>COMMENT</" "replaceable>" @@ -734,7 +745,7 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>КОММЕНТАРИЙ</replaceable>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:136(para) msgid "" "The new value of the user's password file comment field. It is normally " "modified using the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" @@ -744,7 +755,7 @@ msgstr "" "изменяют с помощью программы <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>." -#: usermod.8.xml:125(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:145(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> " @@ -757,12 +768,12 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>ДОМАШНИЙ_КАТАЛОГ</replaceable>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:129(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) msgid "The user's new login directory." msgstr "Домашний каталог нового пользователя." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:132(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:152(para) msgid "" "If the <option>-m</option> option is given, the contents of the current home " "directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it " @@ -772,7 +783,7 @@ msgstr "" "каталога будет перемещено в новый домашний каталог, который будет создан, " "если он ещё не существует." -#: usermod.8.xml:141(term) useradd.8.xml:189(term) useradd.8.xml:566(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:199(term) useradd.8.xml:576(term) msgid "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>" @@ -781,7 +792,7 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>ДАТА_УСТАРЕВАНИЯ</replaceable>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:145(para) useradd.8.xml:193(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) useradd.8.xml:203(para) msgid "" "The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified " "in the format <emphasis remap=\"I\">YYYY-MM-DD</emphasis>." @@ -789,7 +800,7 @@ msgstr "" "Дата, когда учётная запись пользователя будет заблокирована. Дата задаётся в " "формате <emphasis remap=\"I\">ГГГГ-ММ-ДД</emphasis>." -#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) msgid "" "An empty <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> argument will disable the " "expiration of the account." @@ -797,7 +808,7 @@ msgstr "" "Пустое значение аргумента <replaceable>ДАТА_УСТАРЕВАНИЯ</replaceable> " "отключает устаревание учётной записи." -#: usermod.8.xml:153(para) usermod.8.xml:174(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:173(para) usermod.8.xml:194(para) msgid "" "This option requires a <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. A <filename>/" "etc/shadow</filename> entry will be created if there were none." @@ -805,7 +816,7 @@ msgstr "" "Для этого параметра требуется файл <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>. При " "отсутствии в <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> создаётся необходимая запись." -#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:206(term) useradd.8.xml:578(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:181(term) useradd.8.xml:216(term) useradd.8.xml:588(term) msgid "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" @@ -814,7 +825,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:185(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently " "disabled." @@ -823,7 +834,7 @@ msgstr "" "учётная запись заблокировалась навсегда." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:189(para) msgid "" "A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a " "value of -1 disables the feature." @@ -831,7 +842,7 @@ msgstr "" "Если указано значение 0, то учётная запись блокируется сразу после " "устаревания пароля, а при значении -1 данная возможность не используется." -#: usermod.8.xml:182(term) useradd.8.xml:225(term) useradd.8.xml:593(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:202(term) useradd.8.xml:235(term) useradd.8.xml:603(term) msgid "" "<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option> <replaceable>GROUP</" "replaceable>" @@ -840,7 +851,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:186(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:206(para) msgid "" "The group name or number of the user's new initial login group. The group " "must exist." @@ -848,7 +859,7 @@ msgstr "" "Имя или числовой идентификатор новой первичной группы пользователя. Группа с " "таким именем должна существовать." -#: usermod.8.xml:190(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:210(para) msgid "" "Any file from the user's home directory owned by the previous primary group " "of the user will be owned by this new group." @@ -856,14 +867,14 @@ msgstr "" "Все файлы в домашнем каталоге пользователя, принадлежавшие предыдущей " "первичной группе пользователя, будут принадлежать новой группе." -#: usermod.8.xml:194(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:214(para) msgid "" "The group ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be " "fixed manually." msgstr "" "Группового владельца файлов вне домашнего каталога нужно изменить вручную." -#: usermod.8.xml:201(term) useradd.8.xml:252(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) useradd.8.xml:262(term) msgid "" "<option>-G</option>, <option>--groups</option> <replaceable>GROUP1</" "replaceable>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GROUP2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap=\"I" @@ -874,7 +885,7 @@ msgstr "" "\">,ГРУППАN</emphasis>]]]" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:205(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " "group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. " @@ -887,7 +898,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-g</option>." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:212(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:232(para) msgid "" "If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user " "will be removed from the group. This behaviour can be changed via the " @@ -900,7 +911,7 @@ msgstr "" "имеющемуся списку групп пользователя добавляется список указанных " "дополнительных групп." -#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:241(term) msgid "" "<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option> <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</" "replaceable>" @@ -909,7 +920,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) msgid "" "The name of the user will be changed from <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> " "to <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</replaceable>. Nothing else is changed. In " @@ -921,12 +932,12 @@ msgstr "" "частности, вероятно, должно быть изменено имя домашнего каталога и почтового " "ящика, чтобы отразить изменение имени пользователя." -#: usermod.8.xml:235(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:255(term) msgid "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" msgstr "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:239(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:259(para) msgid "" "Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the encrypted password, " "effectively disabling the password. You can't use this option with <option>-" @@ -937,7 +948,7 @@ msgstr "" "используйте этот параметр вместе с <option>-p</option> или <option>-U</" "option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:265(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you " "should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> to " @@ -947,15 +958,15 @@ msgstr "" "паролю), также установите значение <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> в " "<replaceable>1</replaceable>." -#: usermod.8.xml:254(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--move-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--move-home</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:258(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) msgid "Move the content of the user's home directory to the new location." msgstr "Переместить содержимое домашнего каталога в новое место." -#: usermod.8.xml:262(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:282(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-d</option> (or " "<option>--home</option>) option." @@ -963,7 +974,7 @@ msgstr "" "Этот параметр можно использовать только с параметром <option>-d</option> " "(или <option>--home</option>)." -#: usermod.8.xml:266(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:286(para) msgid "" "<command>usermod</command> will try to adapt the ownership of the files and " "to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be " @@ -973,13 +984,13 @@ msgstr "" "копирует права, ACL и расширенные атрибуты, но после неё всё равно могут " "потребоваться некоторые ручные действия." -#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) useradd.8.xml:386(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:294(term) useradd.8.xml:396(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:157(term) msgid "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" msgstr "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:298(para) msgid "" "When used with the <option>-u</option> option, this option allows to change " "the user ID to a non-unique value." @@ -987,7 +998,7 @@ msgstr "" "При использовании с параметром <option>-u</option>, этот параметр позволяет " "указывать не уникальный числовой идентификатор пользователя." -#: usermod.8.xml:285(term) useradd.8.xml:398(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:305(term) useradd.8.xml:408(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:167(term) msgid "" "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option> <replaceable>PASSWORD</" @@ -996,7 +1007,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option> <replaceable>ПАРОЛЬ</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:289(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:309(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) msgid "" "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>." @@ -1005,7 +1016,7 @@ msgstr "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>." -#: usermod.8.xml:294(para) useradd.8.xml:407(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:314(para) useradd.8.xml:417(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:176(para) msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"bold\">Note:</emphasis> This option is not recommended " @@ -1016,7 +1027,7 @@ msgstr "" "рекомендуется, так как пароль (или не шифрованный пароль) будет видим " "другими пользователям в списке процессов." -#: usermod.8.xml:299(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:319(para) msgid "" "The password will be written in the local <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " "or <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. This might differ from the " @@ -1026,14 +1037,14 @@ msgstr "" "<filename>/etc/shadow</filename>. Это может вызвать расхождения с базой " "данных паролей, настроенной в PAM." -#: usermod.8.xml:305(para) useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:325(para) useradd.8.xml:422(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:181(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the password respects the system's password policy." msgstr "" "Вы должны проверить, что пароль соответствует политике системных паролей." -#: usermod.8.xml:324(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:344(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:468(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:190(term) groupdel.8.xml:113(term) groupadd.8.xml:216(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" @@ -1046,7 +1057,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> " "<replaceable>ДОМАШНИЙ_КАТАЛОГ</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:328(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:348(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:472(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:194(para) groupdel.8.xml:117(para) groupadd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "" "Apply changes in the <replaceable>PREFIX_DIR</replaceable> directory and use " @@ -1056,7 +1067,7 @@ msgid "" "verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:341(term) useradd.8.xml:475(term) useradd.8.xml:613(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:361(term) useradd.8.xml:485(term) useradd.8.xml:623(term) #: su.1.xml:186(term) chsh.1.xml:119(term) msgid "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" @@ -1066,7 +1077,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:345(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:365(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank causes " "the system to select the default login shell." @@ -1074,7 +1085,7 @@ msgstr "" "Имя новой регистрационной оболочки пользователя. Если задать пустое " "значение, то будет использована регистрационная оболочка по умолчанию." -#: usermod.8.xml:352(term) useradd.8.xml:489(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:372(term) useradd.8.xml:499(term) msgid "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</" "replaceable>" @@ -1082,12 +1093,12 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:356(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:376(para) msgid "The new numerical value of the user's ID." msgstr "Новый числовой идентификатор пользователя (UID)." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:359(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:379(para) msgid "" "This value must be unique, unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. " "The value must be non-negative." @@ -1096,7 +1107,7 @@ msgstr "" "option>. Значение должно быть неотрицательным." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:364(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:384(para) msgid "" "The user's mailbox, and any files which the user owns and which are located " "in the user's home directory will have the file user ID changed " @@ -1106,7 +1117,7 @@ msgstr "" "расположены в его домашнем каталоге, идентификатор владельца файла будет " "изменён автоматически." -#: usermod.8.xml:369(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:389(para) msgid "" "The ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed " "manually." @@ -1114,7 +1125,7 @@ msgstr "" "Для файлов, расположенных вне домашнего каталога, идентификатор нужно " "изменять вручную." -#: usermod.8.xml:373(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:393(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>UID_MIN</option>, " "<option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>SYS_UID_MIN</option>, or " @@ -1124,12 +1135,12 @@ msgstr "" "<option>SYS_UID_MIN</option> или <option>SYS_UID_MAX</option> из <filename>/" "etc/login.defs</filename> не производится." -#: usermod.8.xml:382(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" msgstr "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:386(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) msgid "" "Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the encrypted " "password. You can't use this option with <option>-p</option> or <option>-L</" @@ -1139,7 +1150,7 @@ msgstr "" "начала шифрованного пароля. Не используйте этот параметр вместе с <option>-" "p</option> или <option>-L</option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:391(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:411(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), " "you should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> (for example " @@ -1151,7 +1162,7 @@ msgstr "" "(например, в to <replaceable>99999</replaceable> или равным значению " "<option>EXPIRE</option> из файла <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>)." -#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:422(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1163,17 +1174,17 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>УЧЁТНАЯ " "ЗАПИСЬ</replaceable>|<replaceable>ДИАПАЗОН</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:426(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate uids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:409(para) usermod.8.xml:447(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:429(para) usermod.8.xml:467(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a " "users account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:412(para) usermod.8.xml:432(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:432(para) usermod.8.xml:452(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>UID_MIN</option>, " @@ -1188,7 +1199,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>SYS_UID_MIN</option> или <option>SYS_UID_MAX</option> из <filename>/" "etc/login.defs</filename> не производится." -#: usermod.8.xml:420(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1200,11 +1211,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>УЧЁТНАЯ " "ЗАПИСЬ</replaceable>|<replaceable>ДИАПАЗОН</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:424(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) msgid "Remove a range of subordinate uids from the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:427(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:447(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subuids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1212,7 +1223,7 @@ msgid "" "happens before any subordinate uid range is added." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:460(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1224,11 +1235,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>УЧЁТНАЯ " "ЗАПИСЬ</replaceable>|<replaceable>ДИАПАЗОН</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:464(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate gids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:450(para) usermod.8.xml:470(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:470(para) usermod.8.xml:490(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>GID_MIN</option>, " @@ -1243,7 +1254,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>SYS_GID_MIN</option> или <option>SYS_GID_MAX</option> из <filename>/" "etc/login.defs</filename> не производится." -#: usermod.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1255,7 +1266,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>УЧЁТНАЯ " "ЗАПИСЬ</replaceable>|<replaceable>ДИАПАЗОН</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "Remove any SELinux user mapping for the user's login." msgid "Remove a range of subordinate gids from the user's account." @@ -1263,7 +1274,7 @@ msgstr "" "Удаляет все пользовательские сопоставления SELinux для учётной записи " "пользователя." -#: usermod.8.xml:465(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subgids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1271,7 +1282,7 @@ msgid "" "happens before any subordinate gid range is added." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) useradd.8.xml:524(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:498(term) useradd.8.xml:534(term) msgid "" "<option>-Z</option>, <option>--selinux-user</option> " "<replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable>" @@ -1279,11 +1290,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-Z</option>, <option>--selinux-user</option> " "<replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:502(para) msgid "The new SELinux user for the user's login." msgstr "Новый пользователь SELinux для пользовательского входа." -#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:505(para) msgid "" "A blank <replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable> will remove the SELinux user " "mapping for user <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> (if any)." @@ -1293,16 +1304,16 @@ msgstr "" "удаляется (если есть)." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: usermod.8.xml:496(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:641(title) +#: usermod.8.xml:516(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:651(title) #: su.1.xml:330(title) shadow.3.xml:218(title) passwd.1.xml:377(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:350(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) #: groupdel.8.xml:133(title) groupadd.8.xml:274(title) gpasswd.1.xml:252(title) #: faillog.8.xml:232(title) chpasswd.8.xml:231(title) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:186(title) msgid "CAVEATS" msgstr "ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ" -#: usermod.8.xml:497(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:517(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes " @@ -1324,7 +1335,7 @@ msgstr "" "других архитектурах проверяется только присутствие пользователя в системе " "согласно данным utmp." -#: usermod.8.xml:504(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:524(para) msgid "" "You must change the owner of any <command>crontab</command> files or " "<command>at</command> jobs manually." @@ -1332,7 +1343,7 @@ msgstr "" "Вы должны вручную изменить владельца всех файлов <command>crontab</command> " "или заданий <command>at</command>." -#: usermod.8.xml:508(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:528(para) msgid "You must make any changes involving NIS on the NIS server." msgstr "Вы должны сделать все изменения NIS на сервере NIS самостоятельно." @@ -1639,10 +1650,10 @@ msgstr "" "пользователя, согласно следующему алгоритму: <placeholder-1/>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><filename> -#: usermod.8.xml:547(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:745(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:567(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:755(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) #: pwconv.8.xml:253(filename) passwd.1.xml:428(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:424(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:436(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) #: login.1.xml:389(filename) groupmod.8.xml:237(filename) #: groupadd.8.xml:265(filename) chsh.1.xml:182(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:270(filename) chgpasswd.8.xml:228(filename) @@ -1651,41 +1662,41 @@ msgid "/etc/login.defs" msgstr "/etc/login.defs" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: usermod.8.xml:549(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:747(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:569(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:757(para) #: su.1.xml:383(para) pwconv.8.xml:255(para) passwd.1.xml:430(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:239(para) groupadd.8.xml:267(para) chsh.1.xml:184(para) #: chpasswd.8.xml:272(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:230(para) chfn.1.xml:212(para) msgid "Shadow password suite configuration." msgstr "содержит конфигурацию подсистемы теневых паролей" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><filename> -#: usermod.8.xml:565(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:733(filename) newusers.8.xml:436(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:585(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:743(filename) newusers.8.xml:448(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/suauth" msgid "/etc/subgid" msgstr "/etc/suauth" -#: usermod.8.xml:567(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:735(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:587(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:745(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:450(para) msgid "Per user subordinate group IDs." msgstr "" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><filename> -#: usermod.8.xml:571(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:739(filename) newusers.8.xml:442(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:591(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:749(filename) newusers.8.xml:454(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/suauth" msgid "/etc/subuid" msgstr "/etc/suauth" -#: usermod.8.xml:573(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:741(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:593(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:751(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:456(para) msgid "Per user subordinate user IDs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:581(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:601(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" @@ -1950,65 +1961,65 @@ msgstr "" "<command>useradd</command> по умолчанию создаёт группу с именем пользователя." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:754(title) su.1.xml:390(title) -#: pwck.8.xml:293(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) +#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:764(title) su.1.xml:390(title) +#: pwck.8.xml:303(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) #: groupmod.8.xml:252(title) groupdel.8.xml:175(title) -#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:278(title) +#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:284(title) msgid "EXIT VALUES" msgstr "ВОЗВРАЩАЕМЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term><replaceable> -#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:759(replaceable) -#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:298(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:769(replaceable) +#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:308(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:448(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:250(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:257(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:180(replaceable) -#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:283(replaceable) +#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) msgid "0" msgstr "0" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:761(para) pwck.8.xml:300(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:771(para) pwck.8.xml:310(para) #: passwd.1.xml:450(para) grpck.8.xml:252(para) groupdel.8.xml:182(para) -#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:285(para) +#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) msgid "success" msgstr "успешное выполнение" # type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum> -#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:765(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:775(replaceable) #: su.1.xml:75(manvolnum) su.1.xml:415(replaceable) sg.1.xml:59(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:304(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:314(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) #: passwd.1.xml:454(replaceable) newgrp.1.xml:59(manvolnum) #: login.1.xml:91(manvolnum) grpck.8.xml:256(replaceable) #: groups.1.xml:58(manvolnum) gpasswd.1.xml:63(manvolnum) #: expiry.1.xml:62(manvolnum) chsh.1.xml:61(manvolnum) chfn.1.xml:61(manvolnum) -#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) msgid "1" msgstr "1" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:767(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:777(para) msgid "can't update password file" msgstr "не удалось изменить файл паролей" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term><replaceable> -#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:771(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:310(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:781(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:320(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:262(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:263(replaceable) #: groupdel.8.xml:186(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:307(replaceable) -#: chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) msgid "2" msgstr "2" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:773(para) pwck.8.xml:306(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:783(para) pwck.8.xml:316(para) #: grpck.8.xml:258(para) groupdel.8.xml:188(para) groupadd.8.xml:309(para) -#: chage.1.xml:297(para) +#: chage.1.xml:303(para) msgid "invalid command syntax" msgstr "ошибка в параметрах команды" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term><replaceable> -#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:789(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:334(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:799(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:344(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:281(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:192(replaceable) msgid "6" msgstr "6" @@ -2024,20 +2035,20 @@ msgid "user currently logged in" msgstr "пользователь сейчас работает в системе" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term><replaceable> -#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:801(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:811(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:293(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:204(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:331(replaceable) msgid "10" msgstr "10" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:803(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:813(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:333(para) msgid "can't update group file" msgstr "не удалось изменить файл групп" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term><replaceable> -#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:807(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:817(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:305(replaceable) msgid "12" msgstr "12" @@ -2216,7 +2227,11 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>useradd</command> command are:" msgstr "Параметры команды <command>useradd</command>:" -#: useradd.8.xml:130(term) useradd.8.xml:548(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:131(option) pwck.8.xml:187(option) newusers.8.xml:272(option) +msgid "--badname" +msgstr "" + +#: useradd.8.xml:140(term) useradd.8.xml:558(term) msgid "" "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -2224,7 +2239,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> " "<replaceable>БАЗОВЫЙ_КАТАЛОГ</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The default base directory for the system if <option>-d</option> " "<replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> is not specified. <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" @@ -2239,7 +2254,7 @@ msgstr "" "m</option>, то <replaceable>БАЗОВЫЙ_КАТАЛОГ</replaceable> должен " "существовать." -#: useradd.8.xml:141(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:151(para) msgid "" "If this option is not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the " "base directory specified by the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/" @@ -2251,7 +2266,7 @@ msgstr "" "filename> (по умолчанию)." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:155(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:165(para) msgid "" "Any text string. It is generally a short description of the login, and is " "currently used as the field for the user's full name." @@ -2259,7 +2274,7 @@ msgstr "" "Любая текстовая строка. Обычно, здесь коротко описывается учётная запись, и " "в настоящее время используется как поле для имени и фамилии пользователя." -#: useradd.8.xml:163(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:173(term) msgid "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -2267,7 +2282,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> " "<replaceable>ДОМАШНИЙ_КАТАЛОГ</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:167(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:177(para) msgid "" "The new user will be created using <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> as " "the value for the user's login directory. The default is to append the " @@ -2284,16 +2299,16 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>ДОМАШНИЙ_КАТАЛОГ</replaceable> необязательно должен " "существовать, но не будет создан, если его нет." -#: useradd.8.xml:179(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:189(term) msgid "<option>-D</option>, <option>--defaults</option>" msgstr "<option>-D</option>, <option>--defaults</option>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: useradd.8.xml:183(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:193(para) msgid "See below, the subsection \"Changing the default values\"." msgstr "Смотрите далее в подразделе «Изменение значений по умолчанию»." -#: useradd.8.xml:197(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:207(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default expiry " "date specified by the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" @@ -2305,7 +2320,7 @@ msgstr "" "иначе пустую строку (без устаревания, по умолчанию)." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently " "disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has " @@ -2315,7 +2330,7 @@ msgstr "" "устаревания пароля, а при значении -1 данная возможность не используется." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:216(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:226(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default inactivity " "period specified by the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" @@ -2327,7 +2342,7 @@ msgstr "" "или -1 (по умолчанию)." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:229(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:239(para) msgid "" "The group name or number of the user's initial login group. The group name " "must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group." @@ -2336,7 +2351,7 @@ msgstr "" "именем должна существовать. Идентификатор группы должен указывать на уже " "существующую группу." -#: useradd.8.xml:234(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "If not specified, the behavior of <command>useradd</command> will depend on " "the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> variable in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" @@ -2361,7 +2376,7 @@ msgstr "" "default/useradd</filename>, или 100 (по умолчанию)." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:256(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:266(para) msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " "group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. " @@ -2375,7 +2390,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-g</option>. По умолчанию пользователь входит только в начальную " "группу." -#: useradd.8.xml:273(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:283(term) msgid "" "<option>-k</option>, <option>--skel</option> <replaceable>SKEL_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -2383,7 +2398,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-k</option>, <option>--skel</option> " "<replaceable>КАТАЛОГ_ШАБЛОНОВ</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:277(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:287(para) msgid "" "The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in " "the user's home directory, when the home directory is created by " @@ -2393,7 +2408,7 @@ msgstr "" "домашний каталог пользователя при создании домашнего каталога командой " "<command>useradd</command>." -#: useradd.8.xml:282(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid if the <option>-m</option> (or <option>--create-" "home</option>) option is specified." @@ -2401,7 +2416,7 @@ msgstr "" "Этот параметр можно использовать только с параметром <option>-m</option> " "(или <option>--create-home</option>)." -#: useradd.8.xml:286(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:296(para) msgid "" "If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the " "<option>SKEL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> " @@ -2411,11 +2426,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>SKEL</option> из файла <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>, " "или равен <filename>/etc/skel</filename> (по умолчанию)." -#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) msgid "If possible, the ACLs and extended attributes are copied." msgstr "Если возможно, выполняется копирование ACL и расширенных атрибутов." -#: useradd.8.xml:298(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:308(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) msgid "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VALUE</replaceable>" @@ -2423,7 +2438,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>КЛЮЧ</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>ЗНАЧЕНИЕ</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:312(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Overrides <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> defaults (<option>UID_MIN</" @@ -2459,15 +2474,15 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>=<replaceable>100</replaceable> <option>-K</option> " "<replaceable>UID_MAX</replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:323(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:333(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--no-log-init</option>" msgstr "<option>-l</option>, <option>--no-log-init</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:325(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:335(para) msgid "Do not add the user to the lastlog and faillog databases." msgstr "Не добавлять пользователя в базы данных lastlog и faillog." -#: useradd.8.xml:328(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:338(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "By default, the user's entries in the lastlog and faillog databases are " @@ -2480,11 +2495,11 @@ msgstr "" "сбрасываются во избежание повторного использования записи, оставшейся от " "ранее удалённого пользователя." -#: useradd.8.xml:336(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:346(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:340(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:350(para) msgid "" "Create the user's home directory if it does not exist. The files and " "directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with " @@ -2495,7 +2510,7 @@ msgstr "" "параметра the <option>-k</option> option), будут скопированы в домашний " "каталог." -#: useradd.8.xml:346(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:356(para) msgid "" "By default, if this option is not specified and <option>CREATE_HOME</option> " "is not enabled, no home directories are created." @@ -2503,13 +2518,13 @@ msgstr "" "По умолчанию, если этот параметр не указан и не задана переменная " "<option>CREATE_HOME</option>, домашний каталог не создаётся." -#: useradd.8.xml:354(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:364(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "<option>-M</option>, <option>--no-create-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:358(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:368(para) msgid "" "Do no create the user's home directory, even if the system wide setting from " "<filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> (<option>CREATE_HOME</option>) is set " @@ -2519,11 +2534,11 @@ msgstr "" "переменной в файле <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> " "(<option>CREATE_HOME</option>) равно <replaceable>yes</replaceable>." -#: useradd.8.xml:367(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:377(term) msgid "<option>-N</option>, <option>--no-user-group</option>" msgstr "<option>-N</option>, <option>--no-user-group</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:371(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:381(para) msgid "" "Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to " "the group specified by the <option>-g</option> option or by the " @@ -2534,7 +2549,7 @@ msgstr "" "переменной <option>GROUP</option> из файла <filename>/etc/default/useradd</" "filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:377(para) useradd.8.xml:515(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:387(para) useradd.8.xml:525(para) msgid "" "The default behavior (if the <option>-g</option>, <option>-N</option>, and " "<option>-U</option> options are not specified) is defined by the " @@ -2547,17 +2562,17 @@ msgstr "" "filename>." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:390(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:400(para) msgid "Allow the creation of a user account with a duplicate (non-unique) UID." msgstr "Разрешить создание учётной записи с уже имеющимся (не уникальным) UID." -#: useradd.8.xml:391(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:401(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-u</option> option." msgstr "" "Этот параметр можно использовать только с параметром <option>-u</option>." -#: useradd.8.xml:402(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "" "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The default is to " @@ -2567,15 +2582,15 @@ msgstr "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>. По умолчанию пароль отключён." -#: useradd.8.xml:419(term) newusers.8.xml:289(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:429(term) newusers.8.xml:301(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--system</option>" msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--system</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:423(para) newusers.8.xml:293(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:433(para) newusers.8.xml:305(para) msgid "Create a system account." msgstr "Создать системную учётную запись." -#: useradd.8.xml:426(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:436(para) msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the " @@ -2591,7 +2606,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>UID_MAX</option> (это же касается и части с <option>GID</option> при " "создании групп)." -#: useradd.8.xml:435(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:445(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Note that <command>useradd</command> will not create a home directory for " @@ -2613,7 +2628,7 @@ msgstr "" "option>." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:479(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:489(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's login shell. The default is to leave this field " "blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell specified " @@ -2626,7 +2641,7 @@ msgstr "" "filename>, или по умолчанию используется пустая строка." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:493(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:503(para) msgid "" "The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the " "<option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be non-negative. The " @@ -2639,18 +2654,18 @@ msgstr "" "ID большее или равное <option>UID_MIN</option> и большее чем у остальных " "пользователей." -#: useradd.8.xml:500(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:510(para) msgid "" "See also the <option>-r</option> option and the <option>UID_MAX</option> " "description." msgstr "" "Смотрите также описание <option>-r</option> и <option>UID_MAX</option>." -#: useradd.8.xml:507(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:517(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--user-group</option>" msgstr "<option>-U</option>, <option>--user-group</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:511(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:521(para) msgid "" "Create a group with the same name as the user, and add the user to this " "group." @@ -2659,7 +2674,7 @@ msgstr "" "в эту группу." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:528(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:538(para) msgid "" "The SELinux user for the user's login. The default is to leave this field " "blank, which causes the system to select the default SELinux user." @@ -2669,12 +2684,12 @@ msgstr "" "умолчанию." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> -#: useradd.8.xml:538(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:548(title) msgid "Changing the default values" msgstr "Изменение значений по умолчанию" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:539(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:549(para) msgid "" "When invoked with only the <option>-D</option> option, <command>useradd</" "command> will display the current default values. When invoked with <option>-" @@ -2687,7 +2702,7 @@ msgstr "" "параметрами, то <command>useradd</command> обновляет значения по умолчанию " "этих указанных параметров. Изменяемые параметры:" -#: useradd.8.xml:552(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:562(para) msgid "" "The path prefix for a new user's home directory. The user's name will be " "affixed to the end of <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> to form the new " @@ -2699,7 +2714,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable> для создания имени нового каталога, если при создании новой " "учётной записи не указан параметр <option>-d</option>." -#: useradd.8.xml:559(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:569(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2708,11 +2723,11 @@ msgstr "" "etc/default/useradd</filename>." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:570(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:580(para) msgid "The date on which the user account is disabled." msgstr "Дата, когда учётная запись пользователя заблокирована." -#: useradd.8.xml:571(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:581(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2721,7 +2736,7 @@ msgstr "" "etc/default/useradd</filename>." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:582(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:592(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password has expired before the account will be " "disabled." @@ -2729,7 +2744,7 @@ msgstr "" "Число дней, которые должны пройти после устаревания пароля, перед тем как " "учётная запись будет заблокирована." -#: useradd.8.xml:586(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:596(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2737,7 +2752,7 @@ msgstr "" "Этот параметр изменяет переменную <option>INACTIVE</option> в файле " "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:597(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:607(para) msgid "" "The group name or ID for a new user's initial group (when the <option>-N/--" "no-user-group</option> is used or when the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> " @@ -2752,7 +2767,7 @@ msgstr "" "существовать, а для числового идентификатора группы должна быть " "соответствующая запись." -#: useradd.8.xml:606(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:616(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>GROUP</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2760,11 +2775,11 @@ msgstr "" "Этот параметр изменяет переменную <option>GROUP</option> в файле <filename>/" "etc/default/useradd</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:617(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:627(para) msgid "The name of a new user's login shell." msgstr "Имя новой регистрационной командной оболочки пользователя." -#: useradd.8.xml:620(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:630(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>SHELL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2773,12 +2788,12 @@ msgstr "" "etc/default/useradd</filename>." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> -#: useradd.8.xml:632(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:642(title) msgid "NOTES" msgstr "ЗАМЕЧАНИЯ" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:633(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:643(para) msgid "" "The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files " "in the <filename>/etc/skel/</filename> directory (or any other skeleton " @@ -2791,7 +2806,7 @@ msgstr "" "строке)." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:642(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:652(para) msgid "" "You may not add a user to a NIS or LDAP group. This must be performed on the " "corresponding server." @@ -2800,7 +2815,7 @@ msgstr "" "соответствующем сервере." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:647(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:657(para) msgid "" "Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such " "as NIS or LDAP, <command>useradd</command> will deny the user account " @@ -2811,7 +2826,7 @@ msgstr "" "запись пользователя." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:653(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:663(para) msgid "" "Usernames must start with a lower case letter or an underscore, followed by " "lower case letters, digits, underscores, or dashes. They can end with a " @@ -2823,7 +2838,7 @@ msgstr "" "описать регулярным выражением: [a-z_][a-z0-9_-]*[$]?" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:659(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:669(para) msgid "Usernames may only be up to 32 characters long." msgstr "Имена пользователей могут быть длиной не более 32 знаков." @@ -3085,84 +3100,84 @@ msgstr "" "umask по умолчанию." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><filename> -#: useradd.8.xml:721(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:731(filename) msgid "/etc/default/useradd" msgstr "/etc/default/useradd" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:723(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:733(para) msgid "Default values for account creation." msgstr "значения по умолчанию для создаваемой учётной записи" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><filename> -#: useradd.8.xml:727(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:737(filename) msgid "/etc/skel/" msgstr "/etc/skel/" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:729(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:739(para) msgid "Directory containing default files." msgstr "каталог, содержащий файлы по умолчанию" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term><replaceable> -#: useradd.8.xml:777(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:316(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:787(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:326(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:268(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:269(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:313(replaceable) msgid "3" msgstr "3" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:779(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:789(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) msgid "invalid argument to option" msgstr "недопустимое значение параметра" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term><replaceable> -#: useradd.8.xml:783(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:322(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:793(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:332(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:472(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:274(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:275(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:319(replaceable) msgid "4" msgstr "4" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:785(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:795(para) msgid "UID already in use (and no <option>-o</option>)" msgstr "такой UID уже существует (и не задан параметр <option>-o</option>)" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:791(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:801(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) msgid "specified group doesn't exist" msgstr "указанная группа не существует" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term><replaceable> -#: useradd.8.xml:795(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:805(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:325(replaceable) msgid "9" msgstr "9" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:797(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:807(para) msgid "username already in use" msgstr "имя пользователя уже существует" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:809(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:819(para) msgid "can't create home directory" msgstr "не удалось создать домашний каталог" # type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum> -#: useradd.8.xml:813(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:823(replaceable) #, fuzzy #| msgid "1" msgid "14" msgstr "1" -#: useradd.8.xml:815(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:825(para) msgid "can't update SELinux user mapping" msgstr "" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: useradd.8.xml:755(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:765(para) msgid "" "The <command>useradd</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -3170,7 +3185,7 @@ msgstr "" "Команда <command>useradd</command> завершая работу, возвращает следующие " "значения: <placeholder-1/>" -#: useradd.8.xml:824(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:834(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" @@ -3242,7 +3257,7 @@ msgstr "suauth" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><citerefentry><manvolnum> #: suauth.5.xml:58(manvolnum) shadow.5.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:328(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:338(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) #: passwd.5.xml:58(manvolnum) passwd.1.xml:478(replaceable) #: login.defs.5.xml:124(manvolnum) login.access.5.xml:59(manvolnum) #: limits.5.xml:60(manvolnum) gshadow.5.xml:47(manvolnum) @@ -4375,29 +4390,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "encrypted password" msgstr "шифрованный пароль" -#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) -msgid "" -"Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" -"manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." -msgstr "" -"Подробней о пароле смотрите в справочной странице " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>." - -#: shadow.5.xml:103(para) -msgid "" -"If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix " -"password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)." -msgstr "" -"Если поле пароля содержит строку, которая не удовлетворяет требованиям " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>, например содержит ! или *, то пользователь не сможет " -"использовать этот пароль unix для входа (но может войти в систему под " -"другими паролями)." - -#: shadow.5.xml:110(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) msgid "" "This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to " "authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which " @@ -4409,7 +4402,7 @@ msgstr "" "файл <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>, могут вообще отказать в доступе, если " "поле пароля пусто." -#: shadow.5.xml:117(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:105(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "A password field which starts with a exclamation mark means that the " @@ -4424,6 +4417,28 @@ msgstr "" "пароль заблокирован. Оставшиеся символы в строке представляют поле пароля до " "его блокировки." +#: shadow.5.xml:111(para) passwd.5.xml:126(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) +msgid "" +"Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" +"manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." +msgstr "" +"Подробней о пароле смотрите в справочной странице " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" +"citerefentry>." + +#: shadow.5.xml:116(para) passwd.5.xml:131(para) +msgid "" +"If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" +"citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix " +"password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)." +msgstr "" +"Если поле пароля содержит строку, которая не удовлетворяет требованиям " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" +"citerefentry>, например содержит ! или *, то пользователь не сможет " +"использовать этот пароль unix для входа (но может войти в систему под " +"другими паролями)." + # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: shadow.5.xml:127(emphasis) msgid "date of last password change" @@ -4614,7 +4629,7 @@ msgstr "/etc/shadow-" msgid "Backup file for /etc/shadow." msgstr "резервная копия файла /etc/shadow" -#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:159(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:178(para) msgid "" "Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow toolsuite, but not by " "all user and password management tools." @@ -5324,7 +5339,7 @@ msgid "The options which apply to the <command>pwck</command> command are:" msgstr "Параметры команды <command>pwck</command>:" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: pwck.8.xml:194(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:204(para) msgid "" "Report errors only. The warnings which do not require any action from the " "user won't be displayed." @@ -5332,19 +5347,19 @@ msgstr "" "Сообщать только об ошибках. Предупреждения, которые не требуют от " "пользователя никаких действий, показаны не будут." -#: pwck.8.xml:201(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:211(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--read-only</option>" msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--read-only</option>" -#: pwck.8.xml:203(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:213(para) msgid "Execute the <command>pwck</command> command in read-only mode." msgstr "Выполнять команду <command>pwck</command> в режиме «только чтение»." -#: pwck.8.xml:221(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:231(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" -#: pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:233(para) msgid "" "Sort entries in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</" "filename> by UID." @@ -5352,11 +5367,11 @@ msgstr "" "Отсортировать все записи в файлах <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> и " "<filename>/etc/shadow</filename> по числовому идентификатору пользователя." -#: pwck.8.xml:227(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:237(para) msgid "This option has no effect when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled." msgstr "Этот параметр не действует, если определена <option>USE_TCB</option>." -#: pwck.8.xml:234(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "By default, <command>pwck</command> operates on the files <filename>/etc/" "passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename><phrase condition=\"tcb" @@ -5370,7 +5385,7 @@ msgstr "" "Пользователь может указать другие файлы с помощью параметров " "<replaceable>passwd</replaceable> и <replaceable>shadow</replaceable>." -#: pwck.8.xml:243(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Note that when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled, you cannot specify an " @@ -5386,32 +5401,32 @@ msgstr "" "этим параметром можно будет задать другой каталог TCB." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: pwck.8.xml:312(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:322(para) msgid "one or more bad password entries" msgstr "есть одна или более записей с недопустимыми паролями" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: pwck.8.xml:318(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:328(para) msgid "can't open password files" msgstr "не удалось открыть файл паролей" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: pwck.8.xml:324(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:334(para) msgid "can't lock password files" msgstr "не удалось заблокировать файл паролей" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: pwck.8.xml:330(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:340(para) msgid "can't update password files" msgstr "не удалось изменить файл паролей" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: pwck.8.xml:336(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:346(para) msgid "can't sort password files" msgstr "не удалось отсортировать файл паролей" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: pwck.8.xml:294(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:304(para) msgid "" "The <command>pwck</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -5419,7 +5434,7 @@ msgstr "" "Команда <command>pwck</command> завершая работу, возвращает следующие " "значения: <placeholder-1/>" -#: pwck.8.xml:345(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:355(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>grpck</" @@ -5622,36 +5637,50 @@ msgstr "необязательный интерпретатор командно #: passwd.5.xml:100(para) msgid "" -"The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is " -"required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some " -"applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may decide " -"not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the <emphasis>password</" -"emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted " -"password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" -"refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there " -"<emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/" -"shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. If the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then it will be " -"treated as an encrypted password, as specified by " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>." -msgstr "" -"Поле с зашифрованным паролем может быть пустым, и тогда для входа под этой " -"учётной записью пароль не требуется. Однако, некоторые приложения, которые " -"читают файл <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>, могут решить не позволять " -"<emphasis>любой</emphasis> доступ, если поле <emphasis>пароля</emphasis> " -"пустое. Если поле <emphasis>пароля</emphasis> содержит строчную <quote>x</" -"quote>, то шифрованный пароль хранится в файле " +"If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, " +"then the encrypted password is actually stored in the " "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>; в файле <filename>shadow</filename> <emphasis>должна</" -"emphasis> быть соответствующая строка, иначе учётная запись считается " -"недействительной. Если в поле <emphasis>пароля</emphasis> содержится какая-" -"то другая строка, то она воспринимается как шифрованный пароль, согласно " -"формату <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" -"manvolnum></citerefentry>." +"citerefentry> file instead; there <emphasis>must</emphasis> be a " +"corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file, or else the " +"user account is invalid." +msgstr "" + +#: passwd.5.xml:109(para) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to " +#| "authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications " +#| "which read the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file may decide not to " +#| "permit any access at all if the password field is empty." +msgid "" +"The encrypted <emphasis>password</emphasis> field may be empty, in which " +"case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. " +"However, some applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " +"file may decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " +"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank." +msgstr "" +"Это поле может быть пустым, то есть для указанной учётной записи не " +"требуется аутентификация по паролю. Однако, некоторые приложения, читающие " +"файл <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>, могут вообще отказать в доступе, если " +"поле пароля пусто." + +#: passwd.5.xml:118(para) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "A password field which starts with a exclamation mark means that the " +#| "password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the " +#| "password field before the password was locked." +msgid "" +"A <emphasis>password</emphasis> field which starts with an exclamation mark " +"means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line " +"represent the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field before the password was " +"locked." +msgstr "" +"Поле пароля может начинаться с восклицательного знака, означающего, что " +"пароль заблокирован. Оставшиеся символы в строке представляют поле пароля до " +"его блокировки." -#: passwd.5.xml:119(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:138(para) msgid "" "The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as " "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" @@ -5661,7 +5690,7 @@ msgstr "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>." -#: passwd.5.xml:125(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. " "The <command>login</command> program uses this information to set the value " @@ -5671,7 +5700,7 @@ msgstr "" "<command>login</command> использует эту информацию для установки значения " "переменной окружения <envar>$HOME</envar>." -#: passwd.5.xml:131(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:150(para) msgid "" "The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command " "language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute. The " @@ -5686,20 +5715,20 @@ msgstr "" "то используется значение по умолчанию <filename>/bin/sh</filename>." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: passwd.5.xml:152(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:171(para) msgid "optional encrypted password file" msgstr "необязательный файл с шифрованными паролями" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><filename> -#: passwd.5.xml:156(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:175(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd-" msgstr "/etc/passwd-" -#: passwd.5.xml:158(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:177(para) msgid "Backup file for /etc/passwd." msgstr "резервная копия файла /etc/passwd" -#: passwd.5.xml:170(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:189(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getent</" @@ -6002,7 +6031,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:168(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:174(para) msgid "" "Set the minimum number of days between password changes to " "<replaceable>MIN_DAYS</replaceable>. A value of zero for this field " @@ -6099,7 +6128,7 @@ msgstr "" "Установить максимальное количество дней, в течении которых пароль остаётся " "рабочим. После <replaceable>МАКС_ДНЕЙ</replaceable> пароль нужно изменить." -#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:189(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:195(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as " "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> will remove checking a password's " @@ -6353,7 +6382,7 @@ msgid "PAM configuration for <command>passwd</command>." msgstr "настройки PAM для <command>passwd</command>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:297(para) msgid "permission denied" msgstr "доступ запрещён" @@ -6731,15 +6760,15 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>newusers</command> command are:" msgstr "Параметры команды <command>newusers</command>:" -#: newusers.8.xml:271(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) msgid "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" msgstr "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:273(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) msgid "Use the specified method to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "Использовать указанный метод для шифрования паролей." -#: newusers.8.xml:274(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:286(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) msgid "" "The available methods are DES, MD5, NONE, and SHA256 or SHA512 if your libc " "support these methods." @@ -6747,7 +6776,7 @@ msgstr "" "Возможные методы: DES, MD5, NONE и SHA256 или SHA512, если эти методы " "поддерживается libc." -#: newusers.8.xml:296(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:308(para) msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the " @@ -6763,15 +6792,15 @@ msgstr "" "<option>UID_MAX</option> (это же касается и части с <option>GID</option> при " "создании групп)." -#: newusers.8.xml:322(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:334(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sha-rounds</option>" msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sha-rounds</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:324(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:336(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) msgid "Use the specified number of rounds to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "Использовать указанное количество раундов шифрования паролей." -#: newusers.8.xml:327(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) msgid "" "The value 0 means that the system will choose the default number of rounds " "for the crypt method (5000)." @@ -6779,19 +6808,19 @@ msgstr "" "Значение 0 означает, что система выберет количество раундов по умолчанию для " "выбранного метода шифрования (5000)." -#: newusers.8.xml:331(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:343(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) msgid "" "A minimal value of 1000 and a maximal value of 999,999,999 will be enforced." msgstr "" "Минимальное значение равно 1000, а максимальное значение равно 999,999,999." -#: newusers.8.xml:335(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:347(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "You can only use this option with the SHA256 or SHA512 crypt method." msgstr "" "Вы можете использовать этот параметр только при методе шифрования SHA256 или " "SHA512." -#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) msgid "" "By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and " "SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." @@ -6801,14 +6830,14 @@ msgstr "" "filename>." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:363(para) msgid "" "The input file must be protected since it contains unencrypted passwords." msgstr "" "Файл с входными данными должен быть защищён, так как в нём содержатся не " "шифрованные пароли." -#: newusers.8.xml:355(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:367(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the passwords and the encryption method respect the " "system's password policy." @@ -6817,15 +6846,15 @@ msgstr "" "системных паролей." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><filename> -#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:442(filename) msgid "/etc/pam.d/newusers" msgstr "/etc/pam.d/newusers" -#: newusers.8.xml:432(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) msgid "PAM configuration for <command>newusers</command>." msgstr "настройки PAM для <command>newusers</command>" -#: newusers.8.xml:452(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:464(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</" @@ -8630,7 +8659,7 @@ msgstr "" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: lastlog.8.xml:193(title) groups.1.xml:90(title) chsh.1.xml:140(title) -#: chage.1.xml:231(title) +#: chage.1.xml:237(title) msgid "NOTE" msgstr "ЗАМЕЧАНИЕ" @@ -9409,7 +9438,7 @@ msgstr "" "Суперпользователь может указать группу, в которой нужно изменить список " "членов." -#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:154(term) +#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:160(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" msgstr "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" @@ -10304,7 +10333,7 @@ msgstr "Проверяет и изменяет срок действия пар msgid "Force a password change if the current user has an expired password." msgstr "Принудительно меняет пароль, если его срок действия истёк." -#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:312(para) +#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:318(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" @@ -10907,6 +10936,16 @@ msgstr "" "записи." #: chage.1.xml:135(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" +msgid "<option>-i</option>, <option>--iso8601</option>" +msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" + +#: chage.1.xml:137(para) +msgid "When printing dates, use YYYY-MM-DD format." +msgstr "" + +#: chage.1.xml:141(term) msgid "" "<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" @@ -10915,7 +10954,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: chage.1.xml:139(para) +#: chage.1.xml:145(para) msgid "" "Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the " "account is locked. The <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> option is the " @@ -10928,7 +10967,7 @@ msgstr "" "учётная запись была заблокирована, должен обратиться к системному " "администратору, если хочет в дальнейшем работать с системой." -#: chage.1.xml:146(para) +#: chage.1.xml:152(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as the " "<replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> will remove an account's inactivity." @@ -10937,11 +10976,11 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable> отменяет неактивность учётной записи." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: chage.1.xml:158(para) +#: chage.1.xml:164(para) msgid "Show account aging information." msgstr "Показать информацию об устаревании учётной записи." -#: chage.1.xml:164(term) +#: chage.1.xml:170(term) msgid "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DAYS</" "replaceable>" @@ -10949,7 +10988,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>МИН_ДНЕЙ</" "replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:176(term) +#: chage.1.xml:182(term) msgid "" "<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option> <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</" "replaceable>" @@ -10958,7 +10997,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: chage.1.xml:180(para) +#: chage.1.xml:186(para) msgid "" "Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid. When " "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> plus <replaceable>LAST_DAY</replaceable> " @@ -10974,7 +11013,7 @@ msgstr "" "неожиданностью можно воспользоваться параметром <option>-W</option>, который " "активирует выдачу предупреждения о смене пароля пользователя заранее." -#: chage.1.xml:209(term) +#: chage.1.xml:215(term) msgid "" "<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option> " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable>" @@ -10983,7 +11022,7 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>ПРЕДУП_ДНЕЙ</replaceable>" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: chage.1.xml:213(para) +#: chage.1.xml:219(para) msgid "" "Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable> option is the number of days prior to " @@ -10996,7 +11035,7 @@ msgstr "" "устаревании пароля, перед тем как это случится." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: chage.1.xml:222(para) +#: chage.1.xml:228(para) msgid "" "If none of the options are selected, <command>chage</command> operates in an " "interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of " @@ -11011,7 +11050,7 @@ msgstr "" "Текущее значение показано в скобках <emphasis>[ ]</emphasis>." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: chage.1.xml:232(para) +#: chage.1.xml:238(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> program requires a shadow password file to be " "available." @@ -11019,7 +11058,7 @@ msgstr "" "Программа <command>chage</command> требует наличия файла теневых паролей." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: chage.1.xml:236(para) +#: chage.1.xml:242(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command is restricted to the root user, except " "for the <option>-l</option> option, which may be used by an unprivileged " @@ -11031,17 +11070,17 @@ msgstr "" "устаревания своего пароля." # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term><replaceable> -#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:307(replaceable) msgid "15" msgstr "15" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> -#: chage.1.xml:303(para) +#: chage.1.xml:309(para) msgid "can't find the shadow password file" msgstr "не удалось найти файл теневых паролей" # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> -#: chage.1.xml:279(para) +#: chage.1.xml:285(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -11078,6 +11117,36 @@ msgstr "" #~ "параметры <command>su</command> от параметров, которые передаются " #~ "оболочке." +#~ msgid "" +#~ "The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is " +#~ "required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some " +#~ "applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may " +#~ "decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " +#~ "<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the <emphasis>password</" +#~ "emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted " +#~ "password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" +#~ "refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there " +#~ "<emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/" +#~ "shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. If the " +#~ "<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then it will be " +#~ "treated as an encrypted password, as specified by " +#~ "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" +#~ "manvolnum></citerefentry>." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Поле с зашифрованным паролем может быть пустым, и тогда для входа под " +#~ "этой учётной записью пароль не требуется. Однако, некоторые приложения, " +#~ "которые читают файл <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>, могут решить не " +#~ "позволять <emphasis>любой</emphasis> доступ, если поле <emphasis>пароля</" +#~ "emphasis> пустое. Если поле <emphasis>пароля</emphasis> содержит строчную " +#~ "<quote>x</quote>, то шифрованный пароль хранится в файле " +#~ "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</" +#~ "manvolnum></citerefentry>; в файле <filename>shadow</filename> " +#~ "<emphasis>должна</emphasis> быть соответствующая строка, иначе учётная " +#~ "запись считается недействительной. Если в поле <emphasis>пароля</" +#~ "emphasis> содержится какая-то другая строка, то она воспринимается как " +#~ "шифрованный пароль, согласно формату <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" +#~ "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>." + # type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><option> #~ msgid "-M" #~ msgstr "-M" diff --git a/man/po/shadow-man-pages.pot b/man/po/shadow-man-pages.pot index 248382b2..817de7fd 100644 --- a/man/po/shadow-man-pages.pot +++ b/man/po/shadow-man-pages.pot @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-06-13 11:47-0500\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-01 11:37-0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n" @@ -105,11 +105,11 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Edit group database." msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:267(term) pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:186(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) newusers.8.xml:283(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) groupmod.8.xml:129(term) groupmems.8.xml:142(term) groupdel.8.xml:95(term) groupadd.8.xml:131(term) gpasswd.1.xml:173(term) faillog.8.xml:122(term) expiry.1.xml:112(term) chsh.1.xml:101(term) chpasswd.8.xml:171(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:131(term) chage.1.xml:129(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:277(term) pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:196(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) newusers.8.xml:295(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) groupmod.8.xml:129(term) groupmems.8.xml:142(term) groupdel.8.xml:95(term) groupadd.8.xml:131(term) gpasswd.1.xml:173(term) faillog.8.xml:122(term) expiry.1.xml:112(term) chsh.1.xml:101(term) chpasswd.8.xml:171(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:131(term) chage.1.xml:129(term) msgid "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:269(para) pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:188(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) newusers.8.xml:285(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) groupmod.8.xml:131(para) groupmems.8.xml:144(para) groupdel.8.xml:97(para) groupadd.8.xml:133(para) gpasswd.1.xml:175(para) faillog.8.xml:124(para) expiry.1.xml:114(para) chsh.1.xml:103(para) chpasswd.8.xml:173(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:133(para) chfn.1.xml:169(para) chage.1.xml:131(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:279(para) pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:198(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) newusers.8.xml:297(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) groupmod.8.xml:131(para) groupmems.8.xml:144(para) groupdel.8.xml:97(para) groupadd.8.xml:133(para) gpasswd.1.xml:175(para) faillog.8.xml:124(para) expiry.1.xml:114(para) chsh.1.xml:103(para) chpasswd.8.xml:173(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:133(para) chfn.1.xml:169(para) chage.1.xml:131(para) msgid "Display help message and exit." msgstr "" @@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Edit passwd database." msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:192(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:202(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) msgid "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgstr "" @@ -129,11 +129,11 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Quiet mode." msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:312(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) useradd.8.xml:446(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:209(term) passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:308(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) grpck.8.xml:173(term) groupmod.8.xml:178(term) groupmems.8.xml:165(term) groupdel.8.xml:101(term) groupadd.8.xml:204(term) faillog.8.xml:180(term) chsh.1.xml:107(term) chpasswd.8.xml:188(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:146(term) chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:197(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:332(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) useradd.8.xml:456(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:219(term) passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:320(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) grpck.8.xml:173(term) groupmod.8.xml:178(term) groupmems.8.xml:165(term) groupdel.8.xml:101(term) groupadd.8.xml:204(term) faillog.8.xml:180(term) chsh.1.xml:107(term) chpasswd.8.xml:188(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:146(term) chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:203(term) msgid "<option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option> <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:316(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) useradd.8.xml:450(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:213(para) passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:312(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) grpck.8.xml:177(para) groupmod.8.xml:182(para) groupmems.8.xml:169(para) groupdel.8.xml:105(para) groupadd.8.xml:208(para) gpasswd.1.xml:185(para) faillog.8.xml:184(para) chsh.1.xml:111(para) chpasswd.8.xml:192(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:201(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:336(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) useradd.8.xml:460(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:223(para) passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:324(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) grpck.8.xml:177(para) groupmod.8.xml:182(para) groupmems.8.xml:169(para) groupdel.8.xml:105(para) groupadd.8.xml:208(para) gpasswd.1.xml:185(para) faillog.8.xml:184(para) chsh.1.xml:111(para) chpasswd.8.xml:192(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:207(para) msgid "Apply changes in the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> directory and use the configuration files from the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> directory." msgstr "" @@ -153,11 +153,11 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Indicates which user's tcb shadow file to edit." msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:514(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) useradd.8.xml:665(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:252(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) newusers.8.xml:362(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) lastlog.8.xml:205(title) grpck.8.xml:209(title) groupmod.8.xml:210(title) groupmems.8.xml:199(title) groupdel.8.xml:145(title) groupadd.8.xml:236(title) gpasswd.1.xml:264(title) chsh.1.xml:154(title) chpasswd.8.xml:239(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:198(title) chfn.1.xml:193(title) chage.1.xml:244(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:534(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) useradd.8.xml:675(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:262(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) newusers.8.xml:374(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) lastlog.8.xml:205(title) grpck.8.xml:209(title) groupmod.8.xml:210(title) groupmems.8.xml:199(title) groupdel.8.xml:145(title) groupadd.8.xml:236(title) gpasswd.1.xml:264(title) chsh.1.xml:154(title) chpasswd.8.xml:239(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:198(title) chfn.1.xml:193(title) chage.1.xml:250(title) msgid "CONFIGURATION" msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:515(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) useradd.8.xml:666(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) pwck.8.xml:253(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:363(para) newgrp.1.xml:110(para) login.1.xml:295(para) lastlog.8.xml:206(para) grpck.8.xml:210(para) groupmod.8.xml:211(para) groupmems.8.xml:200(para) groupdel.8.xml:146(para) groupadd.8.xml:237(para) gpasswd.1.xml:265(para) chsh.1.xml:155(para) chpasswd.8.xml:240(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:199(para) chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:245(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:535(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) useradd.8.xml:676(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) pwck.8.xml:263(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:375(para) newgrp.1.xml:110(para) login.1.xml:295(para) lastlog.8.xml:206(para) grpck.8.xml:210(para) groupmod.8.xml:211(para) groupmems.8.xml:200(para) groupdel.8.xml:146(para) groupadd.8.xml:237(para) gpasswd.1.xml:265(para) chsh.1.xml:155(para) chpasswd.8.xml:240(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:199(para) chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:251(para) msgid "The following configuration variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> change the behavior of this tool:" msgstr "" @@ -189,43 +189,43 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Editor to be used if <option>VISUAL</option> is not set." msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:532(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) useradd.8.xml:694(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) sg.1.xml:110(title) shadow.5.xml:255(title) shadow.3.xml:226(title) pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:269(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) passwd.5.xml:141(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:397(title) newgrp.1.xml:121(title) logoutd.8.xml:89(title) login.access.5.xml:121(title) login.1.xml:338(title) limits.5.xml:196(title) lastlog.8.xml:217(title) gshadow.5.xml:156(title) grpck.8.xml:221(title) groups.1.xml:100(title) groupmod.8.xml:222(title) groupmems.8.xml:211(title) groupdel.8.xml:157(title) groupadd.8.xml:250(title) gpasswd.1.xml:279(title) faillog.8.xml:243(title) faillog.5.xml:96(title) expiry.1.xml:121(title) chsh.1.xml:167(title) chpasswd.8.xml:255(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:213(title) chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:256(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:552(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) useradd.8.xml:704(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) sg.1.xml:110(title) shadow.5.xml:255(title) shadow.3.xml:226(title) pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:279(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) passwd.5.xml:160(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:409(title) newgrp.1.xml:121(title) logoutd.8.xml:89(title) login.access.5.xml:121(title) login.1.xml:338(title) limits.5.xml:196(title) lastlog.8.xml:217(title) gshadow.5.xml:156(title) grpck.8.xml:221(title) groups.1.xml:100(title) groupmod.8.xml:222(title) groupmems.8.xml:211(title) groupdel.8.xml:157(title) groupadd.8.xml:250(title) gpasswd.1.xml:279(title) faillog.8.xml:243(title) faillog.5.xml:96(title) expiry.1.xml:121(title) chsh.1.xml:167(title) chpasswd.8.xml:255(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:213(title) chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:262(title) msgid "FILES" msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:535(filename) userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:709(filename) sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:272(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) newgrp.1.xml:136(filename) gshadow.5.xml:159(filename) grpck.8.xml:224(filename) groups.1.xml:103(filename) groupmod.8.xml:225(filename) groupmems.8.xml:214(filename) groupdel.8.xml:160(filename) groupadd.8.xml:253(filename) gpasswd.1.xml:72(filename) gpasswd.1.xml:75(filename) gpasswd.1.xml:282(filename) chgpasswd.8.xml:216(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:555(filename) userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:719(filename) sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:282(filename) newusers.8.xml:424(filename) newgrp.1.xml:136(filename) gshadow.5.xml:159(filename) grpck.8.xml:224(filename) groups.1.xml:103(filename) groupmod.8.xml:225(filename) groupmems.8.xml:214(filename) groupdel.8.xml:160(filename) groupadd.8.xml:253(filename) gpasswd.1.xml:72(filename) gpasswd.1.xml:75(filename) gpasswd.1.xml:282(filename) chgpasswd.8.xml:216(filename) msgid "/etc/group" msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:537(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) useradd.8.xml:711(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:274(para) newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) grpck.8.xml:226(para) groups.1.xml:105(para) groupmod.8.xml:227(para) groupmems.8.xml:216(para) groupdel.8.xml:162(para) groupadd.8.xml:255(para) gpasswd.1.xml:284(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:218(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:557(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) useradd.8.xml:721(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:284(para) newusers.8.xml:426(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) grpck.8.xml:226(para) groups.1.xml:105(para) groupmod.8.xml:227(para) groupmems.8.xml:216(para) groupdel.8.xml:162(para) groupadd.8.xml:255(para) gpasswd.1.xml:284(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:218(para) msgid "Group account information." msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:541(filename) useradd.8.xml:715(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) gshadow.5.xml:165(filename) grpck.8.xml:230(filename) groupmod.8.xml:231(filename) groupmems.8.xml:220(filename) groupdel.8.xml:166(filename) groupadd.8.xml:259(filename) gpasswd.1.xml:76(filename) gpasswd.1.xml:288(filename) chgpasswd.8.xml:222(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:561(filename) useradd.8.xml:725(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) newusers.8.xml:430(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) gshadow.5.xml:165(filename) grpck.8.xml:230(filename) groupmod.8.xml:231(filename) groupmems.8.xml:220(filename) groupdel.8.xml:166(filename) groupadd.8.xml:259(filename) gpasswd.1.xml:76(filename) gpasswd.1.xml:288(filename) chgpasswd.8.xml:222(filename) msgid "/etc/gshadow" msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:543(para) useradd.8.xml:717(para) sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) gshadow.5.xml:167(para) grpck.8.xml:232(para) groupmod.8.xml:233(para) groupdel.8.xml:168(para) groupadd.8.xml:261(para) gpasswd.1.xml:290(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:224(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:563(para) useradd.8.xml:727(para) sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:432(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) gshadow.5.xml:167(para) grpck.8.xml:232(para) groupmod.8.xml:233(para) groupdel.8.xml:168(para) groupadd.8.xml:261(para) gpasswd.1.xml:290(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:224(para) msgid "Secure group account information." msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:553(filename) userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:697(filename) su.1.xml:369(filename) sg.1.xml:113(filename) shadow.5.xml:258(filename) pwck.8.xml:278(filename) passwd.5.xml:144(filename) passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:400(filename) newgrp.1.xml:124(filename) login.1.xml:353(filename) grpck.8.xml:236(filename) groupmod.8.xml:243(filename) expiry.1.xml:124(filename) chsh.1.xml:170(filename) chpasswd.8.xml:258(filename) chfn.1.xml:216(filename) chage.1.xml:260(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:573(filename) userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:707(filename) su.1.xml:369(filename) sg.1.xml:113(filename) shadow.5.xml:258(filename) pwck.8.xml:288(filename) passwd.5.xml:163(filename) passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) newgrp.1.xml:124(filename) login.1.xml:353(filename) grpck.8.xml:236(filename) groupmod.8.xml:243(filename) expiry.1.xml:124(filename) chsh.1.xml:170(filename) chpasswd.8.xml:258(filename) chfn.1.xml:216(filename) chage.1.xml:266(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd" msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:555(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) useradd.8.xml:699(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:280(para) passwd.5.xml:146(para) passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:402(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:355(para) grpck.8.xml:238(para) groupmod.8.xml:245(para) expiry.1.xml:126(para) chsh.1.xml:172(para) chpasswd.8.xml:260(para) chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:263(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:575(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) useradd.8.xml:709(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:290(para) passwd.5.xml:165(para) passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:355(para) grpck.8.xml:238(para) groupmod.8.xml:245(para) expiry.1.xml:126(para) chsh.1.xml:172(para) chpasswd.8.xml:260(para) chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:269(para) msgid "User account information." msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:559(filename) userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:703(filename) su.1.xml:375(filename) sg.1.xml:119(filename) shadow.5.xml:264(filename) shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:284(filename) passwd.5.xml:150(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) newusers.8.xml:406(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) login.1.xml:359(filename) expiry.1.xml:130(filename) chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:268(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:579(filename) userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:713(filename) su.1.xml:375(filename) sg.1.xml:119(filename) shadow.5.xml:264(filename) shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:294(filename) passwd.5.xml:169(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) login.1.xml:359(filename) expiry.1.xml:130(filename) chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:274(filename) msgid "/etc/shadow" msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:561(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) useradd.8.xml:705(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:286(para) passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:408(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) login.1.xml:361(para) expiry.1.xml:132(para) chpasswd.8.xml:266(para) chage.1.xml:271(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:581(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) useradd.8.xml:715(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:296(para) passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) login.1.xml:361(para) expiry.1.xml:132(para) chpasswd.8.xml:266(para) chage.1.xml:277(para) msgid "Secure user account information." msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:580(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) useradd.8.xml:823(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) sg.1.xml:140(title) shadow.5.xml:283(title) shadow.3.xml:238(title) pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:344(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) passwd.5.xml:169(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) newusers.8.xml:451(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) login.defs.5.xml:543(title) login.access.5.xml:133(title) login.1.xml:398(title) limits.5.xml:206(title) gshadow.5.xml:174(title) grpck.8.xml:290(title) groups.1.xml:112(title) groupmod.8.xml:321(title) groupmems.8.xml:229(title) groupdel.8.xml:214(title) groupadd.8.xml:341(title) gpasswd.1.xml:297(title) faillog.8.xml:255(title) faillog.5.xml:108(title) expiry.1.xml:139(title) chsh.1.xml:191(title) chpasswd.8.xml:285(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:237(title) chfn.1.xml:225(title) chage.1.xml:311(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:600(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) useradd.8.xml:833(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) sg.1.xml:140(title) shadow.5.xml:283(title) shadow.3.xml:238(title) pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:354(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) passwd.5.xml:188(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) newusers.8.xml:463(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) login.defs.5.xml:543(title) login.access.5.xml:133(title) login.1.xml:398(title) limits.5.xml:206(title) gshadow.5.xml:174(title) grpck.8.xml:290(title) groups.1.xml:112(title) groupmod.8.xml:321(title) groupmems.8.xml:229(title) groupdel.8.xml:214(title) groupadd.8.xml:341(title) gpasswd.1.xml:297(title) faillog.8.xml:255(title) faillog.5.xml:108(title) expiry.1.xml:139(title) chsh.1.xml:191(title) chpasswd.8.xml:285(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:237(title) chfn.1.xml:225(title) chage.1.xml:317(title) msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "" @@ -273,275 +273,283 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Add the user to the supplementary group(s). Use only with the <option>-G</option> option." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) useradd.8.xml:151(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) usermod.8.xml:122(term) +msgid "<option>-b</option>, <option>--badnames</option>" +msgstr "" + +#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) usermod.8.xml:126(para) useradd.8.xml:134(para) pwck.8.xml:190(para) newusers.8.xml:275(para) +msgid "Allow names that do not conform to standards." +msgstr "" + +#: usermod.8.xml:132(term) useradd.8.xml:161(term) msgid "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> <replaceable>COMMENT</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:136(para) msgid "The new value of the user's password file comment field. It is normally modified using the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> utility." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:125(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:145(term) msgid "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:129(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) msgid "The user's new login directory." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:132(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:152(para) msgid "If the <option>-m</option> option is given, the contents of the current home directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it does not already exist." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:141(term) useradd.8.xml:189(term) useradd.8.xml:566(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:199(term) useradd.8.xml:576(term) msgid "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:145(para) useradd.8.xml:193(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) useradd.8.xml:203(para) msgid "The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified in the format <emphasis remap=\"I\">YYYY-MM-DD</emphasis>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) msgid "An empty <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> argument will disable the expiration of the account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:153(para) usermod.8.xml:174(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:173(para) usermod.8.xml:194(para) msgid "This option requires a <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. A <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> entry will be created if there were none." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:206(term) useradd.8.xml:578(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:181(term) useradd.8.xml:216(term) useradd.8.xml:588(term) msgid "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:185(para) msgid "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently disabled." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:189(para) msgid "A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a value of -1 disables the feature." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:182(term) useradd.8.xml:225(term) useradd.8.xml:593(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:202(term) useradd.8.xml:235(term) useradd.8.xml:603(term) msgid "<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option> <replaceable>GROUP</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:186(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:206(para) msgid "The group name or number of the user's new initial login group. The group must exist." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:190(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:210(para) msgid "Any file from the user's home directory owned by the previous primary group of the user will be owned by this new group." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:194(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:214(para) msgid "The group ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed manually." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:201(term) useradd.8.xml:252(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) useradd.8.xml:262(term) msgid "<option>-G</option>, <option>--groups</option> <replaceable>GROUP1</replaceable>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GROUP2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GROUPN</emphasis>]]]" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:205(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) msgid "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the <option>-g</option> option." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:212(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:232(para) msgid "If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user will be removed from the group. This behaviour can be changed via the <option>-a</option> option, which appends the user to the current supplementary group list." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:241(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option> <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) msgid "The name of the user will be changed from <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> to <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</replaceable>. Nothing else is changed. In particular, the user's home directory or mail spool should probably be renamed manually to reflect the new login name." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:235(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:255(term) msgid "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:239(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:259(para) msgid "Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the encrypted password, effectively disabling the password. You can't use this option with <option>-p</option> or <option>-U</option>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:265(para) msgid "Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> to <replaceable>1</replaceable>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:254(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--move-home</option>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:258(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) msgid "Move the content of the user's home directory to the new location." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:262(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:282(para) msgid "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-d</option> (or <option>--home</option>) option." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:266(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:286(para) msgid "<command>usermod</command> will try to adapt the ownership of the files and to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be needed afterwards." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) useradd.8.xml:386(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) groupadd.8.xml:157(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:294(term) useradd.8.xml:396(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) groupadd.8.xml:157(term) msgid "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:298(para) msgid "When used with the <option>-u</option> option, this option allows to change the user ID to a non-unique value." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:285(term) useradd.8.xml:398(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) groupadd.8.xml:167(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:305(term) useradd.8.xml:408(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) groupadd.8.xml:167(term) msgid "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option> <replaceable>PASSWORD</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:289(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:309(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) msgid "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:294(para) useradd.8.xml:407(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) groupadd.8.xml:176(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:314(para) useradd.8.xml:417(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) groupadd.8.xml:176(para) msgid "<emphasis role=\"bold\">Note:</emphasis> This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:299(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:319(para) msgid "The password will be written in the local <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> or <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. This might differ from the password database configured in your PAM configuration." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:305(para) useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) groupadd.8.xml:181(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:325(para) useradd.8.xml:422(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) groupadd.8.xml:181(para) msgid "You should make sure the password respects the system's password policy." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:324(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:458(term) groupmod.8.xml:190(term) groupdel.8.xml:113(term) groupadd.8.xml:216(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:344(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:468(term) groupmod.8.xml:190(term) groupdel.8.xml:113(term) groupadd.8.xml:216(term) msgid "<option>-P</option>, <option>--prefix</option> <replaceable>PREFIX_DIR</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:328(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:462(para) groupmod.8.xml:194(para) groupdel.8.xml:117(para) groupadd.8.xml:220(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:348(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:472(para) groupmod.8.xml:194(para) groupdel.8.xml:117(para) groupadd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "Apply changes in the <replaceable>PREFIX_DIR</replaceable> directory and use the configuration files from the <replaceable>PREFIX_DIR</replaceable> directory. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross-compilation target. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:341(term) useradd.8.xml:475(term) useradd.8.xml:613(term) su.1.xml:186(term) chsh.1.xml:119(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:361(term) useradd.8.xml:485(term) useradd.8.xml:623(term) su.1.xml:186(term) chsh.1.xml:119(term) msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:345(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:365(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) msgid "The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank causes the system to select the default login shell." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:352(term) useradd.8.xml:489(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:372(term) useradd.8.xml:499(term) msgid "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:356(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:376(para) msgid "The new numerical value of the user's ID." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:359(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:379(para) msgid "This value must be unique, unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be non-negative." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:364(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:384(para) msgid "The user's mailbox, and any files which the user owns and which are located in the user's home directory will have the file user ID changed automatically." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:369(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:389(para) msgid "The ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed manually." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:373(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:393(para) msgid "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>UID_MIN</option>, <option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>SYS_UID_MIN</option>, or <option>SYS_UID_MAX</option> from <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:382(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:386(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) msgid "Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the encrypted password. You can't use this option with <option>-p</option> or <option>-L</option>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:391(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:411(para) msgid "Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> (for example to <replaceable>99999</replaceable>, or to the <option>EXPIRE</option> value from <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>)." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:422(term) msgid "<option>-v</option>, <option>--add-subuids</option> <replaceable>FIRST</replaceable>-<replaceable>LAST</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:426(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate uids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:409(para) usermod.8.xml:447(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:429(para) usermod.8.xml:467(para) msgid "This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a users account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:412(para) usermod.8.xml:432(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:432(para) usermod.8.xml:452(para) msgid "No checks will be performed with regard to <option>SUB_UID_MIN</option>, <option>SUB_UID_MAX</option>, or <option>SUB_UID_COUNT</option> from /etc/login.defs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:420(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) msgid "<option>-V</option>, <option>--del-subuids</option> <replaceable>FIRST</replaceable>-<replaceable>LAST</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:424(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) msgid "Remove a range of subordinate uids from the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:427(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:447(para) msgid "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a users account. When both <option>--del-subuids</option> and <option>--add-subuids</option> are specified, the removal of all subordinate uid ranges happens before any subordinate uid range is added." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:460(term) msgid "<option>-w</option>, <option>--add-subgids</option> <replaceable>FIRST</replaceable>-<replaceable>LAST</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:464(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate gids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:450(para) usermod.8.xml:470(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:470(para) usermod.8.xml:490(para) msgid "No checks will be performed with regard to <option>SUB_GID_MIN</option>, <option>SUB_GID_MAX</option>, or <option>SUB_GID_COUNT</option> from /etc/login.defs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) msgid "<option>-W</option>, <option>--del-subgids</option> <replaceable>FIRST</replaceable>-<replaceable>LAST</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) msgid "Remove a range of subordinate gids from the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:465(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) msgid "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a users account. When both <option>--del-subgids</option> and <option>--add-subgids</option> are specified, the removal of all subordinate gid ranges happens before any subordinate gid range is added." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) useradd.8.xml:524(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:498(term) useradd.8.xml:534(term) msgid "<option>-Z</option>, <option>--selinux-user</option> <replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:502(para) msgid "The new SELinux user for the user's login." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:505(para) msgid "A blank <replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable> will remove the SELinux user mapping for user <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> (if any)." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:496(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:641(title) su.1.xml:330(title) shadow.3.xml:218(title) passwd.1.xml:377(title) newusers.8.xml:350(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) groupdel.8.xml:133(title) groupadd.8.xml:274(title) gpasswd.1.xml:252(title) faillog.8.xml:232(title) chpasswd.8.xml:231(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:186(title) +#: usermod.8.xml:516(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:651(title) su.1.xml:330(title) shadow.3.xml:218(title) passwd.1.xml:377(title) newusers.8.xml:362(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) groupdel.8.xml:133(title) groupadd.8.xml:274(title) gpasswd.1.xml:252(title) faillog.8.xml:232(title) chpasswd.8.xml:231(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:186(title) msgid "CAVEATS" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:497(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:517(para) msgid "You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes when this command is being executed if the user's numerical user ID, the user's name, or the user's home directory is being changed. <command>usermod</command> checks this on Linux. On other platforms it only uses utmp to check if the user is logged in." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:504(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:524(para) msgid "You must change the owner of any <command>crontab</command> files or <command>at</command> jobs manually." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:508(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:528(para) msgid "You must make any changes involving NIS on the NIS server." msgstr "" @@ -661,31 +669,31 @@ msgstr "" msgid "If <replaceable>yes</replaceable>, the location of the user tcb directory to be created will not be automatically set to /etc/tcb/user, but will be computed depending on the UID of the user, according to the following algorithm: <placeholder-1/>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:547(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) useradd.8.xml:745(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) pwconv.8.xml:253(filename) passwd.1.xml:428(filename) newusers.8.xml:424(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) login.1.xml:389(filename) groupmod.8.xml:237(filename) groupadd.8.xml:265(filename) chsh.1.xml:182(filename) chpasswd.8.xml:270(filename) chgpasswd.8.xml:228(filename) chfn.1.xml:210(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:567(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) useradd.8.xml:755(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) pwconv.8.xml:253(filename) passwd.1.xml:428(filename) newusers.8.xml:436(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) login.1.xml:389(filename) groupmod.8.xml:237(filename) groupadd.8.xml:265(filename) chsh.1.xml:182(filename) chpasswd.8.xml:270(filename) chgpasswd.8.xml:228(filename) chfn.1.xml:210(filename) msgid "/etc/login.defs" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:549(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:747(para) su.1.xml:383(para) pwconv.8.xml:255(para) passwd.1.xml:430(para) newusers.8.xml:426(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) groupmod.8.xml:239(para) groupadd.8.xml:267(para) chsh.1.xml:184(para) chpasswd.8.xml:272(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:230(para) chfn.1.xml:212(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:569(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:757(para) su.1.xml:383(para) pwconv.8.xml:255(para) passwd.1.xml:430(para) newusers.8.xml:438(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) groupmod.8.xml:239(para) groupadd.8.xml:267(para) chsh.1.xml:184(para) chpasswd.8.xml:272(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:230(para) chfn.1.xml:212(para) msgid "Shadow password suite configuration." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:565(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) useradd.8.xml:733(filename) newusers.8.xml:436(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:585(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) useradd.8.xml:743(filename) newusers.8.xml:448(filename) msgid "/etc/subgid" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:567(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:735(para) newusers.8.xml:438(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:587(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:745(para) newusers.8.xml:450(para) msgid "Per user subordinate group IDs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:571(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) useradd.8.xml:739(filename) newusers.8.xml:442(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:591(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) useradd.8.xml:749(filename) newusers.8.xml:454(filename) msgid "/etc/subuid" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:573(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:741(para) newusers.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:593(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:751(para) newusers.8.xml:456(para) msgid "Per user subordinate user IDs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:581(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:601(para) msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chsh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>gpasswd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupadd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupmod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <phrase condition=\"subids\"><citerefentry><refentrytitle>subgid</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>subuid</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, </phrase><citerefentry><refentrytitle>useradd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>userdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>." msgstr "" @@ -770,35 +778,35 @@ msgstr "" msgid "If set to <replaceable>yes</replaceable>, <command>userdel</command> will remove the user's group if it contains no more members, and <command>useradd</command> will create by default a group with the name of the user." msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:754(title) su.1.xml:390(title) pwck.8.xml:293(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) groupmod.8.xml:252(title) groupdel.8.xml:175(title) groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:278(title) +#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:764(title) su.1.xml:390(title) pwck.8.xml:303(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) groupmod.8.xml:252(title) groupdel.8.xml:175(title) groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:284(title) msgid "EXIT VALUES" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:759(replaceable) su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:298(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:448(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:250(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:257(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:180(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:283(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:769(replaceable) su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:308(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:448(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:250(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:257(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:180(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) msgid "0" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:761(para) pwck.8.xml:300(para) passwd.1.xml:450(para) grpck.8.xml:252(para) groupdel.8.xml:182(para) groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:285(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:771(para) pwck.8.xml:310(para) passwd.1.xml:450(para) grpck.8.xml:252(para) groupdel.8.xml:182(para) groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) msgid "success" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:765(replaceable) su.1.xml:75(manvolnum) su.1.xml:415(replaceable) sg.1.xml:59(manvolnum) pwck.8.xml:304(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) passwd.1.xml:454(replaceable) newgrp.1.xml:59(manvolnum) login.1.xml:91(manvolnum) grpck.8.xml:256(replaceable) groups.1.xml:58(manvolnum) gpasswd.1.xml:63(manvolnum) expiry.1.xml:62(manvolnum) chsh.1.xml:61(manvolnum) chfn.1.xml:61(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:775(replaceable) su.1.xml:75(manvolnum) su.1.xml:415(replaceable) sg.1.xml:59(manvolnum) pwck.8.xml:314(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) passwd.1.xml:454(replaceable) newgrp.1.xml:59(manvolnum) login.1.xml:91(manvolnum) grpck.8.xml:256(replaceable) groups.1.xml:58(manvolnum) gpasswd.1.xml:63(manvolnum) expiry.1.xml:62(manvolnum) chsh.1.xml:61(manvolnum) chfn.1.xml:61(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) msgid "1" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:767(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:777(para) msgid "can't update password file" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:771(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:310(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:262(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:263(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:186(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:307(replaceable) chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:781(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:320(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:262(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:263(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:186(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:307(replaceable) chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) msgid "2" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:773(para) pwck.8.xml:306(para) grpck.8.xml:258(para) groupdel.8.xml:188(para) groupadd.8.xml:309(para) chage.1.xml:297(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:783(para) pwck.8.xml:316(para) grpck.8.xml:258(para) groupdel.8.xml:188(para) groupadd.8.xml:309(para) chage.1.xml:303(para) msgid "invalid command syntax" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:789(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:334(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:281(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:192(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:799(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:344(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:281(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:192(replaceable) msgid "6" msgstr "" @@ -810,15 +818,15 @@ msgstr "" msgid "user currently logged in" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:801(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:293(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:204(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:331(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:811(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:293(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:204(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:331(replaceable) msgid "10" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:803(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) groupadd.8.xml:333(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:813(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) groupadd.8.xml:333(para) msgid "can't update group file" msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:807(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:305(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:817(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:305(replaceable) msgid "12" msgstr "" @@ -874,255 +882,259 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>useradd</command> command are:" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:130(term) useradd.8.xml:548(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:131(option) pwck.8.xml:187(option) newusers.8.xml:272(option) +msgid "--badname" +msgstr "" + +#: useradd.8.xml:140(term) useradd.8.xml:558(term) msgid "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:144(para) msgid "The default base directory for the system if <option>-d</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> is not specified. <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> is concatenated with the account name to define the home directory. If the <option>-m</option> option is not used, <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> must exist." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:141(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:151(para) msgid "If this option is not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the base directory specified by the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>, or <filename>/home</filename> by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:155(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:165(para) msgid "Any text string. It is generally a short description of the login, and is currently used as the field for the user's full name." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:163(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:173(term) msgid "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:167(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:177(para) msgid "The new user will be created using <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> as the value for the user's login directory. The default is to append the <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> name to <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> and use that as the login directory name. The directory <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> does not have to exist but will not be created if it is missing." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:179(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:189(term) msgid "<option>-D</option>, <option>--defaults</option>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:183(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:193(para) msgid "See below, the subsection \"Changing the default values\"." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:197(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:207(para) msgid "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default expiry date specified by the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>, or an empty string (no expiry) by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a value of -1 disables the feature." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:216(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:226(para) msgid "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default inactivity period specified by the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>, or -1 by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:229(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:239(para) msgid "The group name or number of the user's initial login group. The group name must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:234(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:244(para) msgid "If not specified, the behavior of <command>useradd</command> will depend on the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> variable in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>. If this variable is set to <replaceable>yes</replaceable> (or <option>-U/--user-group</option> is specified on the command line), a group will be created for the user, with the same name as her loginname. If the variable is set to <replaceable>no</replaceable> (or <option>-N/--no-user-group</option> is specified on the command line), useradd will set the primary group of the new user to the value specified by the <option>GROUP</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>, or 100 by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:256(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:266(para) msgid "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the <option>-g</option> option. The default is for the user to belong only to the initial group." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:273(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:283(term) msgid "<option>-k</option>, <option>--skel</option> <replaceable>SKEL_DIR</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:277(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:287(para) msgid "The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in the user's home directory, when the home directory is created by <command>useradd</command>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:282(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) msgid "This option is only valid if the <option>-m</option> (or <option>--create-home</option>) option is specified." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:286(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:296(para) msgid "If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the <option>SKEL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> or, by default, <filename>/etc/skel</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) msgid "If possible, the ACLs and extended attributes are copied." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:298(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:308(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) msgid "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</replaceable>=<replaceable>VALUE</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:312(para) msgid "Overrides <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> defaults (<option>UID_MIN</option>, <option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>UMASK</option>, <option>PASS_MAX_DAYS</option> and others). <placeholder-1/> Example: <option>-K</option> <replaceable>PASS_MAX_DAYS</replaceable>=<replaceable>-1</replaceable> can be used when creating system account to turn off password aging, even though system account has no password at all. Multiple <option>-K</option> options can be specified, e.g.: <option>-K</option> <replaceable>UID_MIN</replaceable>=<replaceable>100</replaceable> <option>-K</option> <replaceable>UID_MAX</replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:323(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:333(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--no-log-init</option>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:325(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:335(para) msgid "Do not add the user to the lastlog and faillog databases." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:328(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:338(para) msgid "By default, the user's entries in the lastlog and faillog databases are reset to avoid reusing the entry from a previously deleted user." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:336(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:346(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:340(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:350(para) msgid "Create the user's home directory if it does not exist. The files and directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with the <option>-k</option> option) will be copied to the home directory." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:346(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:356(para) msgid "By default, if this option is not specified and <option>CREATE_HOME</option> is not enabled, no home directories are created." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:354(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:364(term) msgid "<option>-M</option>, <option>--no-create-home</option>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:358(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:368(para) msgid "Do no create the user's home directory, even if the system wide setting from <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> (<option>CREATE_HOME</option>) is set to <replaceable>yes</replaceable>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:367(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:377(term) msgid "<option>-N</option>, <option>--no-user-group</option>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:371(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:381(para) msgid "Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to the group specified by the <option>-g</option> option or by the <option>GROUP</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:377(para) useradd.8.xml:515(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:387(para) useradd.8.xml:525(para) msgid "The default behavior (if the <option>-g</option>, <option>-N</option>, and <option>-U</option> options are not specified) is defined by the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> variable in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:390(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:400(para) msgid "Allow the creation of a user account with a duplicate (non-unique) UID." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:391(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:401(para) msgid "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-u</option> option." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:402(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The default is to disable the password." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:419(term) newusers.8.xml:289(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:429(term) newusers.8.xml:301(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--system</option>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:423(para) newusers.8.xml:293(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:433(para) newusers.8.xml:305(para) msgid "Create a system account." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:426(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:436(para) msgid "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the <option>SYS_UID_MIN</option>-<option>SYS_UID_MAX</option> range, defined in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>, instead of <option>UID_MIN</option>-<option>UID_MAX</option> (and their <option>GID</option> counterparts for the creation of groups)." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:435(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:445(para) msgid "Note that <command>useradd</command> will not create a home directory for such a user, regardless of the default setting in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> (<option>CREATE_HOME</option>). You have to specify the <option>-m</option> options if you want a home directory for a system account to be created." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:479(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:489(para) msgid "The name of the user's login shell. The default is to leave this field blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell specified by the <option>SHELL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>, or an empty string by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:493(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:503(para) msgid "The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be non-negative. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to <option>UID_MIN</option> and greater than every other user." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:500(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:510(para) msgid "See also the <option>-r</option> option and the <option>UID_MAX</option> description." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:507(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:517(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--user-group</option>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:511(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:521(para) msgid "Create a group with the same name as the user, and add the user to this group." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:528(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:538(para) msgid "The SELinux user for the user's login. The default is to leave this field blank, which causes the system to select the default SELinux user." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:538(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:548(title) msgid "Changing the default values" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:539(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:549(para) msgid "When invoked with only the <option>-D</option> option, <command>useradd</command> will display the current default values. When invoked with <option>-D</option> plus other options, <command>useradd</command> will update the default values for the specified options. Valid default-changing options are:" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:552(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:562(para) msgid "The path prefix for a new user's home directory. The user's name will be affixed to the end of <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> to form the new user's home directory name, if the <option>-d</option> option is not used when creating a new account." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:559(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:569(para) msgid "This option sets the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:570(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:580(para) msgid "The date on which the user account is disabled." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:571(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:581(para) msgid "This option sets the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:582(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:592(para) msgid "The number of days after a password has expired before the account will be disabled." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:586(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:596(para) msgid "This option sets the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:597(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:607(para) msgid "The group name or ID for a new user's initial group (when the <option>-N/--no-user-group</option> is used or when the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> variable is set to <replaceable>no</replaceable> in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>). The named group must exist, and a numerical group ID must have an existing entry." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:606(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:616(para) msgid "This option sets the <option>GROUP</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:617(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:627(para) msgid "The name of a new user's login shell." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:620(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:630(para) msgid "This option sets the <option>SHELL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:632(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:642(title) msgid "NOTES" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:633(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:643(para) msgid "The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files in the <filename>/etc/skel/</filename> directory (or any other skeleton directory specified in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> or on the command line)." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:642(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:652(para) msgid "You may not add a user to a NIS or LDAP group. This must be performed on the corresponding server." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:647(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:657(para) msgid "Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such as NIS or LDAP, <command>useradd</command> will deny the user account creation request." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:653(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:663(para) msgid "Usernames must start with a lower case letter or an underscore, followed by lower case letters, digits, underscores, or dashes. They can end with a dollar sign. In regular expression terms: [a-z_][a-z0-9_-]*[$]?" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:659(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:669(para) msgid "Usernames may only be up to 32 characters long." msgstr "" @@ -1254,67 +1266,67 @@ msgstr "" msgid "It is also used by <command>pam_umask</command> as the default umask value." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:721(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:731(filename) msgid "/etc/default/useradd" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:723(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:733(para) msgid "Default values for account creation." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:727(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:737(filename) msgid "/etc/skel/" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:729(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:739(para) msgid "Directory containing default files." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:777(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) pwck.8.xml:316(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:268(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:269(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:313(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:787(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) pwck.8.xml:326(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:268(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:269(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:313(replaceable) msgid "3" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:779(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:789(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) msgid "invalid argument to option" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:783(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:322(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:472(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:274(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:275(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:319(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:793(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:332(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:472(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:274(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:275(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:319(replaceable) msgid "4" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:785(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:795(para) msgid "UID already in use (and no <option>-o</option>)" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:791(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:801(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) msgid "specified group doesn't exist" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:795(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:325(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:805(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:325(replaceable) msgid "9" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:797(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:807(para) msgid "username already in use" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:809(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:819(para) msgid "can't create home directory" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:813(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:823(replaceable) msgid "14" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:815(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:825(para) msgid "can't update SELinux user mapping" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:755(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:765(para) msgid "The <command>useradd</command> command exits with the following values: <placeholder-1/>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:824(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:834(para) msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chsh</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupadd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>groupmod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>newusers</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <phrase condition=\"subids\"><citerefentry><refentrytitle>subgid</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>subuid</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, </phrase><citerefentry><refentrytitle>userdel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>usermod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>." msgstr "" @@ -1326,7 +1338,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "suauth" msgstr "" -#: suauth.5.xml:58(manvolnum) shadow.5.xml:58(manvolnum) pwck.8.xml:328(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) passwd.5.xml:58(manvolnum) passwd.1.xml:478(replaceable) login.defs.5.xml:124(manvolnum) login.access.5.xml:59(manvolnum) limits.5.xml:60(manvolnum) gshadow.5.xml:47(manvolnum) grpck.8.xml:280(replaceable) faillog.5.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: suauth.5.xml:58(manvolnum) shadow.5.xml:58(manvolnum) pwck.8.xml:338(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) passwd.5.xml:58(manvolnum) passwd.1.xml:478(replaceable) login.defs.5.xml:124(manvolnum) login.access.5.xml:59(manvolnum) limits.5.xml:60(manvolnum) gshadow.5.xml:47(manvolnum) grpck.8.xml:280(replaceable) faillog.5.xml:58(manvolnum) msgid "5" msgstr "" @@ -1861,20 +1873,20 @@ msgstr "" msgid "encrypted password" msgstr "" -#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) -msgid "Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." +#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) +msgid "This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which read the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file may decide not to permit any access at all if the password field is empty." msgstr "" -#: shadow.5.xml:103(para) -msgid "If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)." +#: shadow.5.xml:105(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) +msgid "A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked." msgstr "" -#: shadow.5.xml:110(para) -msgid "This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which read the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file may decide not to permit any access at all if the password field is empty." +#: shadow.5.xml:111(para) passwd.5.xml:126(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) +msgid "Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." msgstr "" -#: shadow.5.xml:117(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) -msgid "A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked." +#: shadow.5.xml:116(para) passwd.5.xml:131(para) +msgid "If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)." msgstr "" #: shadow.5.xml:127(emphasis) @@ -1989,7 +2001,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Backup file for /etc/shadow." msgstr "" -#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:159(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:178(para) msgid "Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow toolsuite, but not by all user and password management tools." msgstr "" @@ -2322,63 +2334,63 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>pwck</command> command are:" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:194(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:204(para) msgid "Report errors only. The warnings which do not require any action from the user won't be displayed." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:201(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:211(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--read-only</option>" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:203(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:213(para) msgid "Execute the <command>pwck</command> command in read-only mode." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:221(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:231(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:233(para) msgid "Sort entries in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> by UID." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:227(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:237(para) msgid "This option has no effect when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:234(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:244(para) msgid "By default, <command>pwck</command> operates on the files <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename><phrase condition=\"tcb\"> (or the files in <filename>/etc/tcb</filename>)</phrase>. The user may select alternate files with the <replaceable>passwd</replaceable> and <replaceable>shadow</replaceable> parameters." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:243(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) msgid "Note that when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled, you cannot specify an alternative <replaceable>shadow</replaceable> file. In future releases, this parameter could be replaced by an alternate TCB directory." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:312(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:322(para) msgid "one or more bad password entries" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:318(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:328(para) msgid "can't open password files" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:324(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:334(para) msgid "can't lock password files" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:330(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:340(para) msgid "can't update password files" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:336(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:346(para) msgid "can't sort password files" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:294(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:304(para) msgid "The <command>pwck</command> command exits with the following values: <placeholder-1/>" msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:345(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:355(para) msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>grpck</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>usermod</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>." msgstr "" @@ -2476,34 +2488,42 @@ msgid "optional user command interpreter" msgstr "" #: passwd.5.xml:100(para) -msgid "The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there <emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then it will be treated as an encrypted password, as specified by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>." +msgid "If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there <emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid." +msgstr "" + +#: passwd.5.xml:109(para) +msgid "The encrypted <emphasis>password</emphasis> field may be empty, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:119(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:118(para) +msgid "A <emphasis>password</emphasis> field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field before the password was locked." +msgstr "" + +#: passwd.5.xml:138(para) msgid "The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as <citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:125(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:144(para) msgid "The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. The <command>login</command> program uses this information to set the value of the <envar>$HOME</envar> environmental variable." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:131(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:150(para) msgid "The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute. The <command>login</command> program uses this information to set the value of the <envar>$SHELL</envar> environmental variable. If this field is empty, it defaults to the value <filename>/bin/sh</filename>." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:152(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:171(para) msgid "optional encrypted password file" msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:156(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:175(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd-" msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:158(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:177(para) msgid "Backup file for /etc/passwd." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:170(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:189(para) msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getent</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getpwnam</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>login</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>pwck</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>pwconv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>pwunconv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>su</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sulogin</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>." msgstr "" @@ -2631,7 +2651,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "<option>-n</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DAYS</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:168(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:174(para) msgid "Set the minimum number of days between password changes to <replaceable>MIN_DAYS</replaceable>. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time." msgstr "" @@ -2675,7 +2695,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Set the maximum number of days a password remains valid. After <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable>, the password is required to be changed." msgstr "" -#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:189(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:195(para) msgid "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> will remove checking a password's validity." msgstr "" @@ -2803,7 +2823,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "PAM configuration for <command>passwd</command>." msgstr "" -#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:297(para) msgid "permission denied" msgstr "" @@ -2995,63 +3015,63 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>newusers</command> command are:" msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:271(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) msgid "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:273(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) msgid "Use the specified method to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:274(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:286(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) msgid "The available methods are DES, MD5, NONE, and SHA256 or SHA512 if your libc support these methods." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:296(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:308(para) msgid "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the <option>SYS_UID_MIN</option>-<option>SYS_UID_MAX</option> range, defined in <filename>login.defs</filename>, instead of <option>UID_MIN</option>-<option>UID_MAX</option> (and their <option>GID</option> counterparts for the creation of groups)." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:322(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:334(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sha-rounds</option>" msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:324(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:336(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) msgid "Use the specified number of rounds to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:327(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) msgid "The value 0 means that the system will choose the default number of rounds for the crypt method (5000)." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:331(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:343(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) msgid "A minimal value of 1000 and a maximal value of 999,999,999 will be enforced." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:335(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:347(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "You can only use this option with the SHA256 or SHA512 crypt method." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) msgid "By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:363(para) msgid "The input file must be protected since it contains unencrypted passwords." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:355(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:367(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) msgid "You should make sure the passwords and the encryption method respect the system's password policy." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:442(filename) msgid "/etc/pam.d/newusers" msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:432(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) msgid "PAM configuration for <command>newusers</command>." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:452(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:464(para) msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>login.defs</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <phrase condition=\"subids\"><citerefentry><refentrytitle>subgid</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>subuid</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, </phrase><citerefentry><refentrytitle>useradd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>." msgstr "" @@ -3896,7 +3916,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Only the entries for the current users of the system will be displayed. Other entries may exist for users that were deleted previously." msgstr "" -#: lastlog.8.xml:193(title) groups.1.xml:90(title) chsh.1.xml:140(title) chage.1.xml:231(title) +#: lastlog.8.xml:193(title) groups.1.xml:90(title) chsh.1.xml:140(title) chage.1.xml:237(title) msgid "NOTE" msgstr "" @@ -4284,7 +4304,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The superuser can specify which group membership list to modify." msgstr "" -#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:154(term) +#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:160(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" msgstr "" @@ -4698,7 +4718,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Force a password change if the current user has an expired password." msgstr "" -#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:312(para) +#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:318(para) msgid "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>." msgstr "" @@ -4963,62 +4983,70 @@ msgid "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as the <replaceabl msgstr "" #: chage.1.xml:135(term) +msgid "<option>-i</option>, <option>--iso8601</option>" +msgstr "" + +#: chage.1.xml:137(para) +msgid "When printing dates, use YYYY-MM-DD format." +msgstr "" + +#: chage.1.xml:141(term) msgid "<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:139(para) +#: chage.1.xml:145(para) msgid "Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked. The <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> option is the number of days of inactivity. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:146(para) +#: chage.1.xml:152(para) msgid "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as the <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> will remove an account's inactivity." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:158(para) +#: chage.1.xml:164(para) msgid "Show account aging information." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:164(term) +#: chage.1.xml:170(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DAYS</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:176(term) +#: chage.1.xml:182(term) msgid "<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option> <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:180(para) +#: chage.1.xml:186(para) msgid "Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid. When <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> plus <replaceable>LAST_DAY</replaceable> is less than the current day, the user will be required to change their password before being able to use their account. This occurrence can be planned for in advance by use of the <option>-W</option> option, which provides the user with advance warning." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:209(term) +#: chage.1.xml:215(term) msgid "<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option> <replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:213(para) +#: chage.1.xml:219(para) msgid "Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The <replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable> option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned their password is about to expire." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:222(para) +#: chage.1.xml:228(para) msgid "If none of the options are selected, <command>chage</command> operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value. The current value is displayed between a pair of <emphasis>[ ]</emphasis> marks." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:232(para) +#: chage.1.xml:238(para) msgid "The <command>chage</command> program requires a shadow password file to be available." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:236(para) +#: chage.1.xml:242(para) msgid "The <command>chage</command> command is restricted to the root user, except for the <option>-l</option> option, which may be used by an unprivileged user to determine when their password or account is due to expire." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:307(replaceable) msgid "15" msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:303(para) +#: chage.1.xml:309(para) msgid "can't find the shadow password file" msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:279(para) +#: chage.1.xml:285(para) msgid "The <command>chage</command> command exits with the following values: <placeholder-1/>" msgstr "" diff --git a/man/po/sv.po b/man/po/sv.po index a0f08ac4..c7c97885 100644 --- a/man/po/sv.po +++ b/man/po/sv.po @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: man pages for shadow 4.0.18\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-06-13 11:47-0500\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-01 11:37-0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2013-08-23 01:41+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Daniel Nylander <po@danielnylander.se>\n" "Language-Team: Swedish <debian-l10n-swedish@lists.debian.org>\n" @@ -323,9 +323,9 @@ msgstr "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>" msgid "Edit group database." msgstr "Redigera gruppdatabasen." -#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:267(term) -#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:186(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) -#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:277(term) +#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:196(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:295(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:129(term) groupmems.8.xml:142(term) groupdel.8.xml:95(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:131(term) gpasswd.1.xml:173(term) faillog.8.xml:122(term) #: expiry.1.xml:112(term) chsh.1.xml:101(term) chpasswd.8.xml:171(term) @@ -333,9 +333,9 @@ msgstr "Redigera gruppdatabasen." msgid "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" msgstr "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" -#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:269(para) -#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:188(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:279(para) +#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:198(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:297(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:131(para) groupmems.8.xml:144(para) groupdel.8.xml:97(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:133(para) gpasswd.1.xml:175(para) faillog.8.xml:124(para) #: expiry.1.xml:114(para) chsh.1.xml:103(para) chpasswd.8.xml:173(para) @@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ msgstr "<option>-p</option>, <option>--passwd</option>" msgid "Edit passwd database." msgstr "Redigera lösenordsdatabasen." -#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:192(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:202(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) msgid "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" @@ -359,13 +359,13 @@ msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgid "Quiet mode." msgstr "Tyst läge." -#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:312(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) -#: useradd.8.xml:446(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:209(term) -#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:308(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:332(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:456(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:219(term) +#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:320(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) #: grpck.8.xml:173(term) groupmod.8.xml:178(term) groupmems.8.xml:165(term) #: groupdel.8.xml:101(term) groupadd.8.xml:204(term) faillog.8.xml:180(term) #: chsh.1.xml:107(term) chpasswd.8.xml:188(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:146(term) -#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:197(term) +#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:203(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" @@ -377,13 +377,13 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home</option> <replaceable>HEM_KAT</" "replaceable>" -#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:316(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:450(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:213(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:312(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:336(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:460(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:324(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) #: grpck.8.xml:177(para) groupmod.8.xml:182(para) groupmems.8.xml:169(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:105(para) groupadd.8.xml:208(para) gpasswd.1.xml:185(para) #: faillog.8.xml:184(para) chsh.1.xml:111(para) chpasswd.8.xml:192(para) -#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:201(para) +#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:207(para) msgid "" "Apply changes in the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> directory and use " "the configuration files from the <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</replaceable> " @@ -408,26 +408,26 @@ msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgid "Indicates which user's tcb shadow file to edit." msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:514(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:665(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:252(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:534(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:675(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:262(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:374(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:205(title) grpck.8.xml:209(title) groupmod.8.xml:210(title) #: groupmems.8.xml:199(title) groupdel.8.xml:145(title) #: groupadd.8.xml:236(title) gpasswd.1.xml:264(title) chsh.1.xml:154(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:239(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:198(title) chfn.1.xml:193(title) -#: chage.1.xml:244(title) +#: chage.1.xml:250(title) msgid "CONFIGURATION" msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:515(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:666(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) -#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:363(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:535(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:676(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:263(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:375(para) #: newgrp.1.xml:110(para) login.1.xml:295(para) lastlog.8.xml:206(para) #: grpck.8.xml:210(para) groupmod.8.xml:211(para) groupmems.8.xml:200(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:146(para) groupadd.8.xml:237(para) gpasswd.1.xml:265(para) #: chsh.1.xml:155(para) chpasswd.8.xml:240(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:199(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:245(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:251(para) msgid "" "The following configuration variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" "filename> change the behavior of this tool:" @@ -478,11 +478,11 @@ msgstr "HISTORIK" msgid "Editor to be used if <option>VISUAL</option> is not set." msgstr "" -#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:532(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:694(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:552(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:704(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) #: sg.1.xml:110(title) shadow.5.xml:255(title) shadow.3.xml:226(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:269(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:141(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:397(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:279(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:160(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:409(title) #: newgrp.1.xml:121(title) logoutd.8.xml:89(title) #: login.access.5.xml:121(title) login.1.xml:338(title) limits.5.xml:196(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:217(title) gshadow.5.xml:156(title) grpck.8.xml:221(title) @@ -490,13 +490,13 @@ msgstr "" #: groupdel.8.xml:157(title) groupadd.8.xml:250(title) gpasswd.1.xml:279(title) #: faillog.8.xml:243(title) faillog.5.xml:96(title) expiry.1.xml:121(title) #: chsh.1.xml:167(title) chpasswd.8.xml:255(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:213(title) -#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:256(title) +#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:262(title) msgid "FILES" msgstr "FILER" -#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:535(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:709(filename) -#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:272(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:555(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:719(filename) +#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:282(filename) newusers.8.xml:424(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:136(filename) gshadow.5.xml:159(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:224(filename) groups.1.xml:103(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:225(filename) groupmems.8.xml:214(filename) @@ -506,18 +506,18 @@ msgstr "FILER" msgid "/etc/group" msgstr "/etc/group" -#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:537(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:711(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:274(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:557(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:721(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:284(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) #: grpck.8.xml:226(para) groups.1.xml:105(para) groupmod.8.xml:227(para) #: groupmems.8.xml:216(para) groupdel.8.xml:162(para) groupadd.8.xml:255(para) #: gpasswd.1.xml:284(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:218(para) msgid "Group account information." msgstr "Gruppkontoinformation." -#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:541(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:715(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:561(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:725(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) #: gshadow.5.xml:165(filename) grpck.8.xml:230(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:231(filename) groupmems.8.xml:220(filename) #: groupdel.8.xml:166(filename) groupadd.8.xml:259(filename) @@ -526,63 +526,63 @@ msgstr "Gruppkontoinformation." msgid "/etc/gshadow" msgstr "/etc/gshadow" -#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:543(para) useradd.8.xml:717(para) -#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:563(para) useradd.8.xml:727(para) +#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:432(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) #: gshadow.5.xml:167(para) grpck.8.xml:232(para) groupmod.8.xml:233(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:168(para) groupadd.8.xml:261(para) gpasswd.1.xml:290(para) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:224(para) msgid "Secure group account information." msgstr "Säker gruppkontoinformation." -#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:553(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:697(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:573(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:707(filename) #: su.1.xml:369(filename) sg.1.xml:113(filename) shadow.5.xml:258(filename) -#: pwck.8.xml:278(filename) passwd.5.xml:144(filename) -#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:400(filename) +#: pwck.8.xml:288(filename) passwd.5.xml:163(filename) +#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:124(filename) login.1.xml:353(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:236(filename) groupmod.8.xml:243(filename) #: expiry.1.xml:124(filename) chsh.1.xml:170(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:258(filename) chfn.1.xml:216(filename) -#: chage.1.xml:260(filename) +#: chage.1.xml:266(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd" msgstr "/etc/passwd" -#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:555(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:699(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:280(para) passwd.5.xml:146(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:402(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:575(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:709(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:290(para) passwd.5.xml:165(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) #: login.1.xml:355(para) grpck.8.xml:238(para) groupmod.8.xml:245(para) #: expiry.1.xml:126(para) chsh.1.xml:172(para) chpasswd.8.xml:260(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:263(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:269(para) msgid "User account information." msgstr "Användarkontoinformation." -#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:559(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:703(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:579(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:713(filename) #: su.1.xml:375(filename) sg.1.xml:119(filename) shadow.5.xml:264(filename) -#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:284(filename) -#: passwd.5.xml:150(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:406(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) +#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:294(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:169(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) #: login.1.xml:359(filename) expiry.1.xml:130(filename) -#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:268(filename) +#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:274(filename) msgid "/etc/shadow" msgstr "/etc/shadow" -#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:561(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:705(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:286(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:408(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:581(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:715(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:296(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) #: login.1.xml:361(para) expiry.1.xml:132(para) chpasswd.8.xml:266(para) -#: chage.1.xml:271(para) +#: chage.1.xml:277(para) msgid "Secure user account information." msgstr "Säker användarkontoinformation." -#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:580(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:823(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:600(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:833(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) #: sg.1.xml:140(title) shadow.5.xml:283(title) shadow.3.xml:238(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:344(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:169(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:451(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:354(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:188(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:463(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) #: login.defs.5.xml:543(title) login.access.5.xml:133(title) #: login.1.xml:398(title) limits.5.xml:206(title) gshadow.5.xml:174(title) #: grpck.8.xml:290(title) groups.1.xml:112(title) groupmod.8.xml:321(title) @@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ msgstr "Säker användarkontoinformation." #: groupadd.8.xml:341(title) gpasswd.1.xml:297(title) faillog.8.xml:255(title) #: faillog.5.xml:108(title) expiry.1.xml:139(title) chsh.1.xml:191(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:285(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:237(title) chfn.1.xml:225(title) -#: chage.1.xml:311(title) +#: chage.1.xml:317(title) msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "SE OCKSÅ" @@ -717,7 +717,18 @@ msgstr "" "Lägg till användaren till tilläggsgrupp(er). Använd endast med flaggan " "<option>-G</option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) useradd.8.xml:151(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) usermod.8.xml:122(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" +msgid "<option>-b</option>, <option>--badnames</option>" +msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" + +#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) usermod.8.xml:126(para) useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:190(para) newusers.8.xml:275(para) +msgid "Allow names that do not conform to standards." +msgstr "" + +#: usermod.8.xml:132(term) useradd.8.xml:161(term) msgid "" "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> <replaceable>COMMENT</" "replaceable>" @@ -725,7 +736,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> <replaceable>KOMMENTAR</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:136(para) msgid "" "The new value of the user's password file comment field. It is normally " "modified using the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" @@ -735,7 +746,7 @@ msgstr "" "ändras det med verktyget <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>." -#: usermod.8.xml:125(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:145(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> " @@ -747,20 +758,20 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> <replaceable>HEM_KAT</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:129(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "user home directory" msgid "The user's new login directory." msgstr "användarens hemkatalog" -#: usermod.8.xml:132(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:152(para) msgid "" "If the <option>-m</option> option is given, the contents of the current home " "directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it " "does not already exist." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:141(term) useradd.8.xml:189(term) useradd.8.xml:566(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:199(term) useradd.8.xml:576(term) msgid "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>" @@ -768,19 +779,19 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>UTGÅNGSDATUM</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:145(para) useradd.8.xml:193(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) useradd.8.xml:203(para) msgid "" "The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified " "in the format <emphasis remap=\"I\">YYYY-MM-DD</emphasis>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) msgid "" "An empty <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> argument will disable the " "expiration of the account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:153(para) usermod.8.xml:174(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:173(para) usermod.8.xml:194(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Sort entries in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/" @@ -792,7 +803,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sorterar poster i <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> och <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename> efter UID." -#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:206(term) useradd.8.xml:578(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:181(term) useradd.8.xml:216(term) useradd.8.xml:588(term) msgid "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" @@ -800,7 +811,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INAKTIV</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:185(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The number of days after a password has expired before the account will " @@ -812,13 +823,13 @@ msgstr "" "Antalet dagar efter att ett lösenord har gått ut innan kontot kommer att " "inaktiveras." -#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:189(para) msgid "" "A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a " "value of -1 disables the feature." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:182(term) useradd.8.xml:225(term) useradd.8.xml:593(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:202(term) useradd.8.xml:235(term) useradd.8.xml:603(term) msgid "" "<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option> <replaceable>GROUP</" "replaceable>" @@ -826,25 +837,25 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option> <replaceable>GRUPP</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:186(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:206(para) msgid "" "The group name or number of the user's new initial login group. The group " "must exist." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:190(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:210(para) msgid "" "Any file from the user's home directory owned by the previous primary group " "of the user will be owned by this new group." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:194(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:214(para) msgid "" "The group ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be " "fixed manually." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:201(term) useradd.8.xml:252(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) useradd.8.xml:262(term) msgid "" "<option>-G</option>, <option>--groups</option> <replaceable>GROUP1</" "replaceable>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GROUP2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap=\"I" @@ -854,7 +865,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GRUPP2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap=\"I" "\">,GRUPPN</emphasis>]]]" -#: usermod.8.xml:205(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " "group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. " @@ -862,7 +873,7 @@ msgid "" "<option>-g</option> option." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:212(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:232(para) msgid "" "If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user " "will be removed from the group. This behaviour can be changed via the " @@ -870,7 +881,7 @@ msgid "" "supplementary group list." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:241(term) msgid "" "<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option> <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</" "replaceable>" @@ -878,7 +889,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option> " "<replaceable>NYTT_INLOGGNINGSNAMN</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) msgid "" "The name of the user will be changed from <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> " "to <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</replaceable>. Nothing else is changed. In " @@ -886,11 +897,11 @@ msgid "" "renamed manually to reflect the new login name." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:235(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:255(term) msgid "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" msgstr "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:239(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:259(para) msgid "" "Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the encrypted password, " "effectively disabling the password. You can't use this option with <option>-" @@ -900,24 +911,24 @@ msgstr "" "krypterade lösenordet som effektivt inaktiverar lösenordet. Du kan inte " "använda denna flagga med <option>-p</option> eller <option>-U</option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:265(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you " "should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> to " "<replaceable>1</replaceable>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:254(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--move-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:258(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) msgid "Move the content of the user's home directory to the new location." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:262(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:282(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "" @@ -925,25 +936,25 @@ msgid "" "<option>--home</option>) option." msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:266(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:286(para) msgid "" "<command>usermod</command> will try to adapt the ownership of the files and " "to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be " "needed afterwards." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) useradd.8.xml:386(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:294(term) useradd.8.xml:396(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:157(term) msgid "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" msgstr "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:298(para) msgid "" "When used with the <option>-u</option> option, this option allows to change " "the user ID to a non-unique value." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:285(term) useradd.8.xml:398(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:305(term) useradd.8.xml:408(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:167(term) msgid "" "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option> <replaceable>PASSWORD</" @@ -952,7 +963,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option> <replaceable>LÖSENORD</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:289(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:309(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) msgid "" "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>." @@ -961,7 +972,7 @@ msgstr "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>." -#: usermod.8.xml:294(para) useradd.8.xml:407(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:314(para) useradd.8.xml:417(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:176(para) msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"bold\">Note:</emphasis> This option is not recommended " @@ -969,20 +980,20 @@ msgid "" "listing the processes." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:299(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:319(para) msgid "" "The password will be written in the local <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " "or <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. This might differ from the " "password database configured in your PAM configuration." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:305(para) useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:325(para) useradd.8.xml:422(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:181(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the password respects the system's password policy." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:324(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:344(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:468(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:190(term) groupdel.8.xml:113(term) groupadd.8.xml:216(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" @@ -995,7 +1006,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> <replaceable>HEM_KAT</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:328(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:348(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:472(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:194(para) groupdel.8.xml:117(para) groupadd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "" "Apply changes in the <replaceable>PREFIX_DIR</replaceable> directory and use " @@ -1005,7 +1016,7 @@ msgid "" "verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:341(term) useradd.8.xml:475(term) useradd.8.xml:613(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:361(term) useradd.8.xml:485(term) useradd.8.xml:623(term) #: su.1.xml:186(term) chsh.1.xml:119(term) msgid "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" @@ -1014,13 +1025,13 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SKAL</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:345(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:365(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank causes " "the system to select the default login shell." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:352(term) useradd.8.xml:489(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:372(term) useradd.8.xml:499(term) msgid "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</" "replaceable>" @@ -1028,41 +1039,41 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:356(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:376(para) msgid "The new numerical value of the user's ID." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:359(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:379(para) msgid "" "This value must be unique, unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. " "The value must be non-negative." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:364(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:384(para) msgid "" "The user's mailbox, and any files which the user owns and which are located " "in the user's home directory will have the file user ID changed " "automatically." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:369(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:389(para) msgid "" "The ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed " "manually." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:373(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:393(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>UID_MIN</option>, " "<option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>SYS_UID_MIN</option>, or " "<option>SYS_UID_MAX</option> from <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:382(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" msgstr "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:386(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) msgid "" "Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the encrypted " "password. You can't use this option with <option>-p</option> or <option>-L</" @@ -1072,7 +1083,7 @@ msgstr "" "krypterade lösenordet. Du kan inte använda denna flagga med <option>-p</" "option> eller <option>-L</option>." -#: usermod.8.xml:391(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:411(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), " "you should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> (for example " @@ -1080,7 +1091,7 @@ msgid "" "from <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>)." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:422(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" @@ -1092,24 +1103,24 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>NYCKEL</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VÄRDE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:426(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate uids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:409(para) usermod.8.xml:447(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:429(para) usermod.8.xml:467(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a " "users account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:412(para) usermod.8.xml:432(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:432(para) usermod.8.xml:452(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to <option>SUB_UID_MIN</option>, " "<option>SUB_UID_MAX</option>, or <option>SUB_UID_COUNT</option> from /etc/" "login.defs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:420(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" @@ -1121,11 +1132,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>NYCKEL</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VÄRDE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:424(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) msgid "Remove a range of subordinate uids from the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:427(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:447(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subuids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1133,7 +1144,7 @@ msgid "" "happens before any subordinate uid range is added." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:460(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" @@ -1145,18 +1156,18 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>NYCKEL</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VÄRDE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:464(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate gids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:450(para) usermod.8.xml:470(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:470(para) usermod.8.xml:490(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to <option>SUB_GID_MIN</option>, " "<option>SUB_GID_MAX</option>, or <option>SUB_GID_COUNT</option> from /etc/" "login.defs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" @@ -1168,11 +1179,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>NYCKEL</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VÄRDE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) msgid "Remove a range of subordinate gids from the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:465(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subgids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1180,7 +1191,7 @@ msgid "" "happens before any subordinate gid range is added." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) useradd.8.xml:524(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:498(term) useradd.8.xml:534(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" @@ -1192,26 +1203,26 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SKAL</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:502(para) msgid "The new SELinux user for the user's login." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:505(para) msgid "" "A blank <replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable> will remove the SELinux user " "mapping for user <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> (if any)." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:496(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:641(title) +#: usermod.8.xml:516(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:651(title) #: su.1.xml:330(title) shadow.3.xml:218(title) passwd.1.xml:377(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:350(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) #: groupdel.8.xml:133(title) groupadd.8.xml:274(title) gpasswd.1.xml:252(title) #: faillog.8.xml:232(title) chpasswd.8.xml:231(title) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:186(title) msgid "CAVEATS" msgstr "TÄNK PÅ" -#: usermod.8.xml:497(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:517(para) msgid "" "You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes " "when this command is being executed if the user's numerical user ID, the " @@ -1220,13 +1231,13 @@ msgid "" "uses utmp to check if the user is logged in." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:504(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:524(para) msgid "" "You must change the owner of any <command>crontab</command> files or " "<command>at</command> jobs manually." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:508(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:528(para) msgid "You must make any changes involving NIS on the NIS server." msgstr "" @@ -1467,10 +1478,10 @@ msgid "" "algorithm: <placeholder-1/>" msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:547(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:745(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:567(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:755(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) #: pwconv.8.xml:253(filename) passwd.1.xml:428(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:424(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:436(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) #: login.1.xml:389(filename) groupmod.8.xml:237(filename) #: groupadd.8.xml:265(filename) chsh.1.xml:182(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:270(filename) chgpasswd.8.xml:228(filename) @@ -1478,39 +1489,39 @@ msgstr "" msgid "/etc/login.defs" msgstr "/etc/login.defs" -#: usermod.8.xml:549(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:747(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:569(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:757(para) #: su.1.xml:383(para) pwconv.8.xml:255(para) passwd.1.xml:430(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:239(para) groupadd.8.xml:267(para) chsh.1.xml:184(para) #: chpasswd.8.xml:272(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:230(para) chfn.1.xml:212(para) msgid "Shadow password suite configuration." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:565(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:733(filename) newusers.8.xml:436(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:585(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:743(filename) newusers.8.xml:448(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/suauth" msgid "/etc/subgid" msgstr "/etc/suauth" -#: usermod.8.xml:567(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:735(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:587(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:745(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:450(para) msgid "Per user subordinate group IDs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:571(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:739(filename) newusers.8.xml:442(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:591(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:749(filename) newusers.8.xml:454(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/suauth" msgid "/etc/subuid" msgstr "/etc/suauth" -#: usermod.8.xml:573(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:741(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:593(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:751(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:456(para) msgid "Per user subordinate user IDs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:581(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:601(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" @@ -1719,58 +1730,58 @@ msgid "" "the user." msgstr "" -#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:754(title) su.1.xml:390(title) -#: pwck.8.xml:293(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) +#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:764(title) su.1.xml:390(title) +#: pwck.8.xml:303(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) #: groupmod.8.xml:252(title) groupdel.8.xml:175(title) -#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:278(title) +#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:284(title) msgid "EXIT VALUES" msgstr "AVSLUTNINGSVÄRDEN" -#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:759(replaceable) -#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:298(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:769(replaceable) +#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:308(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:448(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:250(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:257(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:180(replaceable) -#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:283(replaceable) +#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) msgid "0" msgstr "0" -#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:761(para) pwck.8.xml:300(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:771(para) pwck.8.xml:310(para) #: passwd.1.xml:450(para) grpck.8.xml:252(para) groupdel.8.xml:182(para) -#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:285(para) +#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) msgid "success" msgstr "lyckad" -#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:765(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:775(replaceable) #: su.1.xml:75(manvolnum) su.1.xml:415(replaceable) sg.1.xml:59(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:304(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:314(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) #: passwd.1.xml:454(replaceable) newgrp.1.xml:59(manvolnum) #: login.1.xml:91(manvolnum) grpck.8.xml:256(replaceable) #: groups.1.xml:58(manvolnum) gpasswd.1.xml:63(manvolnum) #: expiry.1.xml:62(manvolnum) chsh.1.xml:61(manvolnum) chfn.1.xml:61(manvolnum) -#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) msgid "1" msgstr "1" -#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:767(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:777(para) msgid "can't update password file" msgstr "kan inte uppdatera lösenordsfilen" -#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:771(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:310(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:781(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:320(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:262(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:263(replaceable) #: groupdel.8.xml:186(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:307(replaceable) -#: chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) msgid "2" msgstr "2" -#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:773(para) pwck.8.xml:306(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:783(para) pwck.8.xml:316(para) #: grpck.8.xml:258(para) groupdel.8.xml:188(para) groupadd.8.xml:309(para) -#: chage.1.xml:297(para) +#: chage.1.xml:303(para) msgid "invalid command syntax" msgstr "ogiltig kommandosyntax" -#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:789(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:334(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:799(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:344(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:281(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:192(replaceable) msgid "6" msgstr "6" @@ -1783,18 +1794,18 @@ msgstr "angiven användare finns inte" msgid "user currently logged in" msgstr "användaren är för närvarande inloggad" -#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:801(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:811(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:293(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:204(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:331(replaceable) msgid "10" msgstr "10" -#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:803(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:813(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:333(para) msgid "can't update group file" msgstr "kan inte uppdatera gruppfilen" -#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:807(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:817(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:305(replaceable) msgid "12" msgstr "12" @@ -1939,13 +1950,17 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>useradd</command> command are:" msgstr "Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot <command>useradd</command> är:" -#: useradd.8.xml:130(term) useradd.8.xml:548(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:131(option) pwck.8.xml:187(option) newusers.8.xml:272(option) +msgid "--badname" +msgstr "" + +#: useradd.8.xml:140(term) useradd.8.xml:558(term) msgid "" "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" "replaceable>" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The default base directory for the system if <option>-d</option> " "<replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> is not specified. <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" @@ -1954,20 +1969,20 @@ msgid "" "<replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> must exist." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:141(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:151(para) msgid "" "If this option is not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the " "base directory specified by the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/" "etc/default/useradd</filename>, or <filename>/home</filename> by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:155(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:165(para) msgid "" "Any text string. It is generally a short description of the login, and is " "currently used as the field for the user's full name." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:163(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:173(term) msgid "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -1975,7 +1990,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> <replaceable>HEM_KAT</" "replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:167(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:177(para) msgid "" "The new user will be created using <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> as " "the value for the user's login directory. The default is to append the " @@ -1985,45 +2000,45 @@ msgid "" "created if it is missing." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:179(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:189(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-d</option>, <option>--delete</option>" msgid "<option>-D</option>, <option>--defaults</option>" msgstr "<option>-d</option>, <option>--delete</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:183(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:193(para) #, fuzzy msgid "See below, the subsection \"Changing the default values\"." msgstr "Ändrar standardvärden" -#: useradd.8.xml:197(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:207(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default expiry " "date specified by the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>, or an empty string (no expiry) by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently " "disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has " "expired, and a value of -1 disables the feature." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:216(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:226(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default inactivity " "period specified by the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>, or -1 by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:229(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:239(para) msgid "" "The group name or number of the user's initial login group. The group name " "must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:234(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "If not specified, the behavior of <command>useradd</command> will depend on " "the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> variable in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" @@ -2037,7 +2052,7 @@ msgid "" "default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:256(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:266(para) msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " "group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. " @@ -2046,7 +2061,7 @@ msgid "" "the initial group." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:273(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:283(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" @@ -2058,14 +2073,14 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SKAL</" "replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:277(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:287(para) msgid "" "The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in " "the user's home directory, when the home directory is created by " "<command>useradd</command>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:282(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "" @@ -2073,18 +2088,18 @@ msgid "" "home</option>) option is specified." msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:286(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:296(para) msgid "" "If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the " "<option>SKEL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> " "or, by default, <filename>/etc/skel</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) msgid "If possible, the ACLs and extended attributes are copied." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:298(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:308(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) msgid "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VALUE</replaceable>" @@ -2092,7 +2107,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>NYCKEL</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VÄRDE</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:312(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Overrides /etc/login.defs defaults (UID_MIN, UID_MAX, UMASK, " @@ -2126,66 +2141,66 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option> <replaceable>UID_MAX</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:323(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:333(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--no-log-init</option>" msgstr "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:325(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:335(para) msgid "Do not add the user to the lastlog and faillog databases." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:328(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:338(para) msgid "" "By default, the user's entries in the lastlog and faillog databases are " "reset to avoid reusing the entry from a previously deleted user." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:336(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:346(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:340(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:350(para) msgid "" "Create the user's home directory if it does not exist. The files and " "directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with " "the <option>-k</option> option) will be copied to the home directory." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:346(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:356(para) msgid "" "By default, if this option is not specified and <option>CREATE_HOME</option> " "is not enabled, no home directories are created." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:354(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:364(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "<option>-M</option>, <option>--no-create-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:358(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:368(para) msgid "" "Do no create the user's home directory, even if the system wide setting from " "<filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> (<option>CREATE_HOME</option>) is set " "to <replaceable>yes</replaceable>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:367(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:377(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>" msgid "<option>-N</option>, <option>--no-user-group</option>" msgstr "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:371(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:381(para) msgid "" "Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to " "the group specified by the <option>-g</option> option or by the " "<option>GROUP</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:377(para) useradd.8.xml:515(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:387(para) useradd.8.xml:525(para) msgid "" "The default behavior (if the <option>-g</option>, <option>-N</option>, and " "<option>-U</option> options are not specified) is defined by the " @@ -2193,18 +2208,18 @@ msgid "" "filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:390(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:400(para) msgid "Allow the creation of a user account with a duplicate (non-unique) UID." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:391(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:401(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "" "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-u</option> option." msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:402(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The encrypted password, as returned by " @@ -2219,17 +2234,17 @@ msgstr "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>." -#: useradd.8.xml:419(term) newusers.8.xml:289(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:429(term) newusers.8.xml:301(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--system</option>" msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:423(para) newusers.8.xml:293(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:433(para) newusers.8.xml:305(para) msgid "Create a system account." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:426(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:436(para) msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the " @@ -2239,7 +2254,7 @@ msgid "" "the creation of groups)." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:435(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:445(para) msgid "" "Note that <command>useradd</command> will not create a home directory for " "such a user, regardless of the default setting in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" @@ -2248,7 +2263,7 @@ msgid "" "created." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:479(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:489(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's login shell. The default is to leave this field " "blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell specified " @@ -2256,7 +2271,7 @@ msgid "" "filename>, or an empty string by default." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:493(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:503(para) msgid "" "The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the " "<option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be non-negative. The " @@ -2264,7 +2279,7 @@ msgid "" "<option>UID_MIN</option> and greater than every other user." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:500(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:510(para) #, fuzzy msgid "" "See also the <option>-r</option> option and the <option>UID_MAX</option> " @@ -2273,29 +2288,29 @@ msgstr "" "Flaggorna <option>-r</option>, <option>-h</option> och <option>-f</option> " "används endast när <command>login</command> har startats av root." -#: useradd.8.xml:507(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:517(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>" msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--user-group</option>" msgstr "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:511(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:521(para) msgid "" "Create a group with the same name as the user, and add the user to this " "group." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:528(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:538(para) msgid "" "The SELinux user for the user's login. The default is to leave this field " "blank, which causes the system to select the default SELinux user." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:538(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:548(title) msgid "Changing the default values" msgstr "Ändrar standardvärden" -#: useradd.8.xml:539(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:549(para) msgid "" "When invoked with only the <option>-D</option> option, <command>useradd</" "command> will display the current default values. When invoked with <option>-" @@ -2303,7 +2318,7 @@ msgid "" "default values for the specified options. Valid default-changing options are:" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:552(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:562(para) msgid "" "The path prefix for a new user's home directory. The user's name will be " "affixed to the end of <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> to form the new " @@ -2311,23 +2326,23 @@ msgid "" "when creating a new account." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:559(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:569(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:570(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:580(para) msgid "The date on which the user account is disabled." msgstr "Datumet när användarkontot blir inaktiverat." -#: useradd.8.xml:571(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:581(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:582(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:592(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password has expired before the account will be " "disabled." @@ -2335,13 +2350,13 @@ msgstr "" "Antalet dagar efter att ett lösenord har gått ut innan kontot kommer att " "inaktiveras." -#: useradd.8.xml:586(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:596(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:597(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:607(para) msgid "" "The group name or ID for a new user's initial group (when the <option>-N/--" "no-user-group</option> is used or when the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> " @@ -2350,27 +2365,27 @@ msgid "" "have an existing entry." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:606(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:616(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>GROUP</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:617(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:627(para) msgid "The name of a new user's login shell." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:620(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:630(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>SHELL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:632(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:642(title) msgid "NOTES" msgstr "NOTERINGAR" -#: useradd.8.xml:633(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:643(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user " @@ -2384,7 +2399,7 @@ msgstr "" "Systemadministratören är ansvarig för att placera standardanvändarfiler i " "katalogen <filename>/etc/skel/</filename>." -#: useradd.8.xml:642(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:652(para) #, fuzzy msgid "" "You may not add a user to a NIS or LDAP group. This must be performed on the " @@ -2393,14 +2408,14 @@ msgstr "" "Du får inte lägga till en användare till en NIS-grupp. Detta måste " "genomföras på NIS-servern." -#: useradd.8.xml:647(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:657(para) msgid "" "Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such " "as NIS or LDAP, <command>useradd</command> will deny the user account " "creation request." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:653(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:663(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Usernames must begin with a lower case letter or an underscore, and only " @@ -2415,7 +2430,7 @@ msgstr "" "endast innehålla gemener, understreck, minustecken och på slutet ett dollar-" "tecken. I reguljära uttryckstermer: [a-z_][a-z0-9_-]*[$]" -#: useradd.8.xml:659(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:669(para) msgid "Usernames may only be up to 32 characters long." msgstr "" @@ -2623,71 +2638,71 @@ msgid "" "It is also used by <command>pam_umask</command> as the default umask value." msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:721(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:731(filename) msgid "/etc/default/useradd" msgstr "/etc/default/useradd" -#: useradd.8.xml:723(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:733(para) msgid "Default values for account creation." msgstr "Standardvärden för skapande av konto." -#: useradd.8.xml:727(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:737(filename) msgid "/etc/skel/" msgstr "/etc/skel/" -#: useradd.8.xml:729(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:739(para) msgid "Directory containing default files." msgstr "Katalog som innehåller standardfiler." -#: useradd.8.xml:777(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:316(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:787(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:326(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:268(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:269(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:313(replaceable) msgid "3" msgstr "3" -#: useradd.8.xml:779(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:789(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) msgid "invalid argument to option" msgstr "ogiltigt argument till flagga" -#: useradd.8.xml:783(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:322(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:793(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:332(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:472(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:274(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:275(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:319(replaceable) msgid "4" msgstr "4" -#: useradd.8.xml:785(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:795(para) msgid "UID already in use (and no <option>-o</option>)" msgstr "UID används redan (och inget <option>-o</option>)" -#: useradd.8.xml:791(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:801(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) msgid "specified group doesn't exist" msgstr "angiven grupp finns inte" -#: useradd.8.xml:795(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:805(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:325(replaceable) msgid "9" msgstr "9" -#: useradd.8.xml:797(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:807(para) msgid "username already in use" msgstr "användarnamnet används redan" -#: useradd.8.xml:809(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:819(para) msgid "can't create home directory" msgstr "kan inte skapa hemkatalog" -#: useradd.8.xml:813(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:823(replaceable) #, fuzzy #| msgid "1" msgid "14" msgstr "1" -#: useradd.8.xml:815(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:825(para) msgid "can't update SELinux user mapping" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:755(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:765(para) msgid "" "The <command>useradd</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -2695,7 +2710,7 @@ msgstr "" "Kommandot <command>useradd</command> avslutas med följande värden: " "<placeholder-1/>" -#: useradd.8.xml:824(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:834(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" @@ -2765,7 +2780,7 @@ msgid "suauth" msgstr "suauth" #: suauth.5.xml:58(manvolnum) shadow.5.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:328(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:338(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) #: passwd.5.xml:58(manvolnum) passwd.1.xml:478(replaceable) #: login.defs.5.xml:124(manvolnum) login.access.5.xml:59(manvolnum) #: limits.5.xml:60(manvolnum) gshadow.5.xml:47(manvolnum) @@ -3718,7 +3733,22 @@ msgstr "" msgid "encrypted password" msgstr "krypterat lösenord" -#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) +msgid "" +"This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to " +"authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which " +"read the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file may decide not to permit any " +"access at all if the password field is empty." +msgstr "" + +#: shadow.5.xml:105(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) +msgid "" +"A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the " +"password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the " +"password field before the password was locked." +msgstr "" + +#: shadow.5.xml:111(para) passwd.5.xml:126(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) msgid "" "Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" "manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." @@ -3727,7 +3757,7 @@ msgstr "" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> för detaljer om hur " "denna sträng tolkas." -#: shadow.5.xml:103(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:116(para) passwd.5.xml:131(para) #, fuzzy msgid "" "If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of " @@ -3739,21 +3769,6 @@ msgstr "" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> för detaljer om hur " "denna sträng tolkas." -#: shadow.5.xml:110(para) -msgid "" -"This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to " -"authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which " -"read the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file may decide not to permit any " -"access at all if the password field is empty." -msgstr "" - -#: shadow.5.xml:117(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) -msgid "" -"A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the " -"password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the " -"password field before the password was locked." -msgstr "" - #: shadow.5.xml:127(emphasis) #, fuzzy #| msgid "days before password may be changed" @@ -3919,7 +3934,7 @@ msgstr "/etc/shadow" msgid "Backup file for /etc/shadow." msgstr "" -#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:159(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:178(para) msgid "" "Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow toolsuite, but not by " "all user and password management tools." @@ -4472,29 +4487,29 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>pwck</command> command are:" msgstr "Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot <command>pwck</command> är:" -#: pwck.8.xml:194(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:204(para) msgid "" "Report errors only. The warnings which do not require any action from the " "user won't be displayed." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:201(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:211(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--remove</option>" msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--read-only</option>" msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--remove</option>" -#: pwck.8.xml:203(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:213(para) msgid "Execute the <command>pwck</command> command in read-only mode." msgstr "Starta kommandot <command>pwck</command> i skrivskyddat läge." -#: pwck.8.xml:221(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:231(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shadow</option>" msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shadow</option>" -#: pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:233(para) msgid "" "Sort entries in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</" "filename> by UID." @@ -4502,13 +4517,13 @@ msgstr "" "Sorterar poster i <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> och <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename> efter UID." -#: pwck.8.xml:227(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:237(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "This option has no effect when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled." msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: pwck.8.xml:234(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "By default, <command>pwck</command> operates on the files <filename>/etc/" "passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename><phrase condition=\"tcb" @@ -4517,36 +4532,36 @@ msgid "" "<replaceable>shadow</replaceable> parameters." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:243(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) msgid "" "Note that when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled, you cannot specify an " "alternative <replaceable>shadow</replaceable> file. In future releases, this " "parameter could be replaced by an alternate TCB directory." msgstr "" -#: pwck.8.xml:312(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:322(para) msgid "one or more bad password entries" msgstr "en eller flera felaktiga lösenordsposter" -#: pwck.8.xml:318(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:328(para) msgid "can't open password files" msgstr "kan inte öppna lösenordsfiler" -#: pwck.8.xml:324(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:334(para) msgid "can't lock password files" msgstr "kan inte låsa lösenordsfiler" -#: pwck.8.xml:330(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:340(para) msgid "can't update password files" msgstr "kan inte uppdatera lösenordsfiler" -#: pwck.8.xml:336(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:346(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "can't open password files" msgid "can't sort password files" msgstr "kan inte öppna lösenordsfiler" -#: pwck.8.xml:294(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:304(para) msgid "" "The <command>pwck</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -4554,7 +4569,7 @@ msgstr "" "Kommandot <command>pwck</command> avslutas med följande värden: " "<placeholder-1/>" -#: pwck.8.xml:345(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:355(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>vi</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" @@ -4730,37 +4745,46 @@ msgstr "" #: passwd.5.xml:100(para) msgid "" -"The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is " -"required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some " -"applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may decide " -"not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the <emphasis>password</" -"emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted " -"password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" -"refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there " -"<emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/" -"shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. If the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then it will be " -"treated as an encrypted password, as specified by " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>." +"If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, " +"then the encrypted password is actually stored in the " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" +"citerefentry> file instead; there <emphasis>must</emphasis> be a " +"corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file, or else the " +"user account is invalid." +msgstr "" + +#: passwd.5.xml:109(para) +msgid "" +"The encrypted <emphasis>password</emphasis> field may be empty, in which " +"case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. " +"However, some applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " +"file may decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " +"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank." +msgstr "" + +#: passwd.5.xml:118(para) +msgid "" +"A <emphasis>password</emphasis> field which starts with an exclamation mark " +"means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line " +"represent the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field before the password was " +"locked." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:119(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:138(para) msgid "" "The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as " "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:125(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. " "The <command>login</command> program uses this information to set the value " "of the <envar>$HOME</envar> environmental variable." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:131(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:150(para) msgid "" "The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command " "language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute. The " @@ -4769,21 +4793,21 @@ msgid "" "defaults to the value <filename>/bin/sh</filename>." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:152(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:171(para) msgid "optional encrypted password file" msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:156(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:175(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/passwd" msgid "/etc/passwd-" msgstr "/etc/passwd" -#: passwd.5.xml:158(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:177(para) msgid "Backup file for /etc/passwd." msgstr "" -#: passwd.5.xml:170(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:189(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" @@ -5088,7 +5112,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DAGAR</" "replaceable>" -#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:168(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:174(para) msgid "" "Set the minimum number of days between password changes to " "<replaceable>MIN_DAYS</replaceable>. A value of zero for this field " @@ -5192,7 +5216,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sätter maximalt antal dagar som ett lösenord ska vara giltigt. Efter " "<replaceable>MAX_DAGAR</replaceable> krävs det att lösenordet ändras." -#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:189(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:195(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as " "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> will remove checking a password's " @@ -5415,7 +5439,7 @@ msgstr "/etc/passwd" msgid "PAM configuration for <command>passwd</command>." msgstr "" -#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:297(para) msgid "permission denied" msgstr "åtkomst nekad" @@ -5723,22 +5747,22 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>newusers</command> command are:" msgstr "Flaggorna som gäller för kommandot <command>usermod</command> är:" -#: newusers.8.xml:271(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) #, fuzzy msgid "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" msgstr "<option>-e</option>, <option>--encrypted</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:273(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) msgid "Use the specified method to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:274(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:286(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) msgid "" "The available methods are DES, MD5, NONE, and SHA256 or SHA512 if your libc " "support these methods." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:296(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:308(para) msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the " @@ -5748,59 +5772,59 @@ msgid "" "the creation of groups)." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:322(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:334(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) #, fuzzy msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sha-rounds</option>" msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shadow</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:324(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:336(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) msgid "Use the specified number of rounds to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:327(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) msgid "" "The value 0 means that the system will choose the default number of rounds " "for the crypt method (5000)." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:331(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:343(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) msgid "" "A minimal value of 1000 and a maximal value of 999,999,999 will be enforced." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:335(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:347(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "You can only use this option with the SHA256 or SHA512 crypt method." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) msgid "" "By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and " "SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:363(para) msgid "" "The input file must be protected since it contains unencrypted passwords." msgstr "" "Inmatningsfilen måste skyddas eftersom den innehåller okrypterade lösenord." -#: newusers.8.xml:355(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:367(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the passwords and the encryption method respect the " "system's password policy." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:442(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/passwd" msgid "/etc/pam.d/newusers" msgstr "/etc/passwd" -#: newusers.8.xml:432(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) msgid "PAM configuration for <command>newusers</command>." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:452(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:464(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>vi</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" @@ -7170,7 +7194,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #: lastlog.8.xml:193(title) groups.1.xml:90(title) chsh.1.xml:140(title) -#: chage.1.xml:231(title) +#: chage.1.xml:237(title) msgid "NOTE" msgstr "NOTERA" @@ -7870,7 +7894,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The superuser can specify which group membership list to modify." msgstr "Superanvändaren kan ange vilken grupps medlemslista som ska ändras." -#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:154(term) +#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:160(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" msgstr "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" @@ -8714,7 +8738,7 @@ msgstr "kontrollera och upprätthåll policy för lösenordsutgång" msgid "Force a password change if the current user has an expired password." msgstr "" -#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:312(para) +#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:318(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" @@ -9225,6 +9249,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #: chage.1.xml:135(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shadow</option>" +msgid "<option>-i</option>, <option>--iso8601</option>" +msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shadow</option>" + +#: chage.1.xml:137(para) +msgid "When printing dates, use YYYY-MM-DD format." +msgstr "" + +#: chage.1.xml:141(term) msgid "" "<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" @@ -9232,7 +9266,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INAKTIV</" "replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:139(para) +#: chage.1.xml:145(para) msgid "" "Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the " "account is locked. The <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> option is the " @@ -9240,17 +9274,17 @@ msgid "" "the system administrator before being able to use the system again." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:146(para) +#: chage.1.xml:152(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as the " "<replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> will remove an account's inactivity." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:158(para) +#: chage.1.xml:164(para) msgid "Show account aging information." msgstr "Visa kontots åldringsinformation" -#: chage.1.xml:164(term) +#: chage.1.xml:170(term) msgid "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DAYS</" "replaceable>" @@ -9258,7 +9292,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DAGAR</" "replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:176(term) +#: chage.1.xml:182(term) msgid "" "<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option> <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</" "replaceable>" @@ -9266,7 +9300,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option> <replaceable>MAX_DAGAR</" "replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:180(para) +#: chage.1.xml:186(para) msgid "" "Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid. When " "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> plus <replaceable>LAST_DAY</replaceable> " @@ -9276,7 +9310,7 @@ msgid "" "provides the user with advance warning." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:209(term) +#: chage.1.xml:215(term) msgid "" "<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option> " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable>" @@ -9284,7 +9318,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option> " "<replaceable>VARN_DAGAR</replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:213(para) +#: chage.1.xml:219(para) msgid "" "Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable> option is the number of days prior to " @@ -9292,7 +9326,7 @@ msgid "" "expire." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:222(para) +#: chage.1.xml:228(para) msgid "" "If none of the options are selected, <command>chage</command> operates in an " "interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of " @@ -9301,7 +9335,7 @@ msgid "" "<emphasis>[ ]</emphasis> marks." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:232(para) +#: chage.1.xml:238(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> program requires a shadow password file to be " "available." @@ -9309,22 +9343,22 @@ msgstr "" "Programmet <command>chage</command> kräver att en skugglösenordsfil finns " "tillgänglig." -#: chage.1.xml:236(para) +#: chage.1.xml:242(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command is restricted to the root user, except " "for the <option>-l</option> option, which may be used by an unprivileged " "user to determine when their password or account is due to expire." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:307(replaceable) msgid "15" msgstr "15" -#: chage.1.xml:303(para) +#: chage.1.xml:309(para) msgid "can't find the shadow password file" msgstr "kan inte hitta skugglösenordsfilen" -#: chage.1.xml:279(para) +#: chage.1.xml:285(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" diff --git a/man/po/zh_CN.po b/man/po/zh_CN.po index c6d3a62d..541a821b 100644 --- a/man/po/zh_CN.po +++ b/man/po/zh_CN.po @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: shadow-man-pages VERSION\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-06-13 11:47-0500\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-01 11:37-0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2013-08-23 01:42+0200\n" "Last-Translator: YunQiang Su <wzssyqa@gmail.com>\n" "Language-Team: Chinese (simplified) <i18n-zh@googlegroups.com>\n" @@ -316,9 +316,9 @@ msgstr "<option>-g</option>, <option>--group</option>" msgid "Edit group database." msgstr "编辑 group 数据库。" -#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:267(term) -#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:186(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) -#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:120(term) userdel.8.xml:123(term) useradd.8.xml:277(term) +#: pwconv.8.xml:195(term) pwck.8.xml:196(term) passwd.1.xml:214(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:295(term) lastlog.8.xml:119(term) grpck.8.xml:157(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:129(term) groupmems.8.xml:142(term) groupdel.8.xml:95(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:131(term) gpasswd.1.xml:173(term) faillog.8.xml:122(term) #: expiry.1.xml:112(term) chsh.1.xml:101(term) chpasswd.8.xml:171(term) @@ -326,9 +326,9 @@ msgstr "编辑 group 数据库。" msgid "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" msgstr "<option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option>" -#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:269(para) -#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:188(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:122(para) userdel.8.xml:125(para) useradd.8.xml:279(para) +#: pwconv.8.xml:197(para) pwck.8.xml:198(para) passwd.1.xml:216(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:297(para) lastlog.8.xml:123(para) grpck.8.xml:159(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:131(para) groupmems.8.xml:144(para) groupdel.8.xml:97(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:133(para) gpasswd.1.xml:175(para) faillog.8.xml:124(para) #: expiry.1.xml:114(para) chsh.1.xml:103(para) chpasswd.8.xml:173(para) @@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ msgstr "<option>-p</option>, <option>--passwd</option>" msgid "Edit passwd database." msgstr "编辑 passwd 数据库。" -#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:192(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:132(term) pwck.8.xml:202(term) passwd.1.xml:281(term) msgid "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" @@ -352,13 +352,13 @@ msgstr "<option>-q</option>, <option>--quiet</option>" msgid "Quiet mode." msgstr "安静模式。" -#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:312(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) -#: useradd.8.xml:446(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:209(term) -#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:308(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) +#: vipw.8.xml:138(term) usermod.8.xml:332(term) userdel.8.xml:146(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:456(term) pwconv.8.xml:201(term) pwck.8.xml:219(term) +#: passwd.1.xml:301(term) newusers.8.xml:320(term) lastlog.8.xml:127(term) #: grpck.8.xml:173(term) groupmod.8.xml:178(term) groupmems.8.xml:165(term) #: groupdel.8.xml:101(term) groupadd.8.xml:204(term) faillog.8.xml:180(term) #: chsh.1.xml:107(term) chpasswd.8.xml:188(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:146(term) -#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:197(term) +#: chfn.1.xml:153(term) chage.1.xml:203(term) msgid "" "<option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option> <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -366,13 +366,13 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-R</option>, <option>--root</option> <replaceable>CHROOT_DIR</" "replaceable>" -#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:316(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:450(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:213(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:312(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:142(para) usermod.8.xml:336(para) userdel.8.xml:150(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:460(para) pwconv.8.xml:205(para) pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:305(para) newusers.8.xml:324(para) lastlog.8.xml:131(para) #: grpck.8.xml:177(para) groupmod.8.xml:182(para) groupmems.8.xml:169(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:105(para) groupadd.8.xml:208(para) gpasswd.1.xml:185(para) #: faillog.8.xml:184(para) chsh.1.xml:111(para) chpasswd.8.xml:192(para) -#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:201(para) +#: chgpasswd.8.xml:150(para) chfn.1.xml:157(para) chage.1.xml:207(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Add the <replaceable>user</replaceable> to the named <replaceable>group</" @@ -401,26 +401,26 @@ msgstr "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option>" msgid "Indicates which user's tcb shadow file to edit." msgstr "指定要编辑哪个用户的 tcb 影子文件。" -#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:514(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:665(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:252(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:165(title) usermod.8.xml:534(title) userdel.8.xml:188(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:675(title) su.1.xml:338(title) sg.1.xml:98(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:227(title) pwck.8.xml:262(title) passwd.1.xml:395(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:374(title) newgrp.1.xml:109(title) login.1.xml:294(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:205(title) grpck.8.xml:209(title) groupmod.8.xml:210(title) #: groupmems.8.xml:199(title) groupdel.8.xml:145(title) #: groupadd.8.xml:236(title) gpasswd.1.xml:264(title) chsh.1.xml:154(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:239(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:198(title) chfn.1.xml:193(title) -#: chage.1.xml:244(title) +#: chage.1.xml:250(title) msgid "CONFIGURATION" msgstr "配置文件" -#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:515(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:666(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) -#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:363(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:166(para) usermod.8.xml:535(para) userdel.8.xml:189(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:676(para) su.1.xml:339(para) sg.1.xml:99(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:263(para) passwd.1.xml:396(para) newusers.8.xml:375(para) #: newgrp.1.xml:110(para) login.1.xml:295(para) lastlog.8.xml:206(para) #: grpck.8.xml:210(para) groupmod.8.xml:211(para) groupmems.8.xml:200(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:146(para) groupadd.8.xml:237(para) gpasswd.1.xml:265(para) #: chsh.1.xml:155(para) chpasswd.8.xml:240(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:199(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:245(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:194(para) chage.1.xml:251(para) msgid "" "The following configuration variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" "filename> change the behavior of this tool:" @@ -466,11 +466,11 @@ msgstr "EDITOR" msgid "Editor to be used if <option>VISUAL</option> is not set." msgstr "<option>VISUAL</option> 没有设置的情况下，使用的编辑器。" -#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:532(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:694(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:195(title) usermod.8.xml:552(title) userdel.8.xml:205(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:704(title) suauth.5.xml:193(title) su.1.xml:366(title) #: sg.1.xml:110(title) shadow.5.xml:255(title) shadow.3.xml:226(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:269(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:141(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:397(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:250(title) pwck.8.xml:279(title) porttime.5.xml:130(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:160(title) passwd.1.xml:413(title) newusers.8.xml:409(title) #: newgrp.1.xml:121(title) logoutd.8.xml:89(title) #: login.access.5.xml:121(title) login.1.xml:338(title) limits.5.xml:196(title) #: lastlog.8.xml:217(title) gshadow.5.xml:156(title) grpck.8.xml:221(title) @@ -478,13 +478,13 @@ msgstr "<option>VISUAL</option> 没有设置的情况下，使用的编辑器。 #: groupdel.8.xml:157(title) groupadd.8.xml:250(title) gpasswd.1.xml:279(title) #: faillog.8.xml:243(title) faillog.5.xml:96(title) expiry.1.xml:121(title) #: chsh.1.xml:167(title) chpasswd.8.xml:255(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:213(title) -#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:256(title) +#: chfn.1.xml:207(title) chage.1.xml:262(title) msgid "FILES" msgstr "文件" -#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:535(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:709(filename) -#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:272(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:198(filename) usermod.8.xml:555(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:208(filename) useradd.8.xml:719(filename) +#: sg.1.xml:125(filename) pwck.8.xml:282(filename) newusers.8.xml:424(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:136(filename) gshadow.5.xml:159(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:224(filename) groups.1.xml:103(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:225(filename) groupmems.8.xml:214(filename) @@ -494,18 +494,18 @@ msgstr "文件" msgid "/etc/group" msgstr "/etc/group" -#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:537(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:711(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:274(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:200(para) usermod.8.xml:557(para) userdel.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:721(para) sg.1.xml:127(para) pwck.8.xml:284(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) newgrp.1.xml:138(para) gshadow.5.xml:161(para) #: grpck.8.xml:226(para) groups.1.xml:105(para) groupmod.8.xml:227(para) #: groupmems.8.xml:216(para) groupdel.8.xml:162(para) groupadd.8.xml:255(para) #: gpasswd.1.xml:284(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:218(para) msgid "Group account information." msgstr "组账户信息。" -#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:541(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:715(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:204(filename) usermod.8.xml:561(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:725(filename) sg.1.xml:131(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) newgrp.1.xml:142(filename) #: gshadow.5.xml:165(filename) grpck.8.xml:230(filename) #: groupmod.8.xml:231(filename) groupmems.8.xml:220(filename) #: groupdel.8.xml:166(filename) groupadd.8.xml:259(filename) @@ -514,63 +514,63 @@ msgstr "组账户信息。" msgid "/etc/gshadow" msgstr "/etc/gshadow" -#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:543(para) useradd.8.xml:717(para) -#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:206(para) usermod.8.xml:563(para) useradd.8.xml:727(para) +#: sg.1.xml:133(para) newusers.8.xml:432(para) newgrp.1.xml:144(para) #: gshadow.5.xml:167(para) grpck.8.xml:232(para) groupmod.8.xml:233(para) #: groupdel.8.xml:168(para) groupadd.8.xml:261(para) gpasswd.1.xml:290(para) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:224(para) msgid "Secure group account information." msgstr "安全组账户信息。" -#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:553(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:697(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:210(filename) usermod.8.xml:573(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:220(filename) useradd.8.xml:707(filename) #: su.1.xml:369(filename) sg.1.xml:113(filename) shadow.5.xml:258(filename) -#: pwck.8.xml:278(filename) passwd.5.xml:144(filename) -#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:400(filename) +#: pwck.8.xml:288(filename) passwd.5.xml:163(filename) +#: passwd.1.xml:416(filename) newusers.8.xml:412(filename) #: newgrp.1.xml:124(filename) login.1.xml:353(filename) #: grpck.8.xml:236(filename) groupmod.8.xml:243(filename) #: expiry.1.xml:124(filename) chsh.1.xml:170(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:258(filename) chfn.1.xml:216(filename) -#: chage.1.xml:260(filename) +#: chage.1.xml:266(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd" msgstr "/etc/passwd" -#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:555(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:699(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:280(para) passwd.5.xml:146(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:402(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:212(para) usermod.8.xml:575(para) userdel.8.xml:222(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:709(para) su.1.xml:371(para) sg.1.xml:115(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:260(para) pwck.8.xml:290(para) passwd.5.xml:165(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:418(para) newusers.8.xml:414(para) newgrp.1.xml:126(para) #: login.1.xml:355(para) grpck.8.xml:238(para) groupmod.8.xml:245(para) #: expiry.1.xml:126(para) chsh.1.xml:172(para) chpasswd.8.xml:260(para) -#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:263(para) +#: chfn.1.xml:218(para) chage.1.xml:269(para) msgid "User account information." msgstr "用户账户信息。" -#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:559(filename) -#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:703(filename) +#: vipw.8.xml:216(filename) usermod.8.xml:579(filename) +#: userdel.8.xml:226(filename) useradd.8.xml:713(filename) #: su.1.xml:375(filename) sg.1.xml:119(filename) shadow.5.xml:264(filename) -#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:284(filename) -#: passwd.5.xml:150(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:406(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) +#: shadow.3.xml:229(filename) pwck.8.xml:294(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:169(filename) passwd.1.xml:422(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:418(filename) newgrp.1.xml:130(filename) #: login.1.xml:359(filename) expiry.1.xml:130(filename) -#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:268(filename) +#: chpasswd.8.xml:264(filename) chage.1.xml:274(filename) msgid "/etc/shadow" msgstr "/etc/shadow" -#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:561(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) -#: useradd.8.xml:705(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) -#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:286(para) -#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:408(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) +#: vipw.8.xml:218(para) usermod.8.xml:581(para) userdel.8.xml:228(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:715(para) su.1.xml:377(para) sg.1.xml:121(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:266(para) shadow.3.xml:231(para) pwck.8.xml:296(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:424(para) newusers.8.xml:420(para) newgrp.1.xml:132(para) #: login.1.xml:361(para) expiry.1.xml:132(para) chpasswd.8.xml:266(para) -#: chage.1.xml:271(para) +#: chage.1.xml:277(para) msgid "Secure user account information." msgstr "安全用户账户信息。" -#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:580(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) -#: useradd.8.xml:823(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) +#: vipw.8.xml:225(title) usermod.8.xml:600(title) userdel.8.xml:325(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:833(title) suauth.5.xml:222(title) su.1.xml:437(title) #: sg.1.xml:140(title) shadow.5.xml:283(title) shadow.3.xml:238(title) -#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:344(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) -#: passwd.5.xml:169(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:451(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) +#: pwconv.8.xml:262(title) pwck.8.xml:354(title) porttime.5.xml:142(title) +#: passwd.5.xml:188(title) passwd.1.xml:494(title) nologin.8.xml:78(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:463(title) newgrp.1.xml:151(title) #: login.defs.5.xml:543(title) login.access.5.xml:133(title) #: login.1.xml:398(title) limits.5.xml:206(title) gshadow.5.xml:174(title) #: grpck.8.xml:290(title) groups.1.xml:112(title) groupmod.8.xml:321(title) @@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ msgstr "安全用户账户信息。" #: groupadd.8.xml:341(title) gpasswd.1.xml:297(title) faillog.8.xml:255(title) #: faillog.5.xml:108(title) expiry.1.xml:139(title) chsh.1.xml:191(title) #: chpasswd.8.xml:285(title) chgpasswd.8.xml:237(title) chfn.1.xml:225(title) -#: chage.1.xml:311(title) +#: chage.1.xml:317(title) msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "参见" @@ -686,7 +686,18 @@ msgid "" "option> option." msgstr "将用户添加到附加组。只能和 <option>-G</option> 选项一起使用。" -#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) useradd.8.xml:151(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:112(term) usermod.8.xml:122(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" +msgid "<option>-b</option>, <option>--badnames</option>" +msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--reset</option>" + +#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) usermod.8.xml:126(para) useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:190(para) newusers.8.xml:275(para) +msgid "Allow names that do not conform to standards." +msgstr "" + +#: usermod.8.xml:132(term) useradd.8.xml:161(term) msgid "" "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> <replaceable>COMMENT</" "replaceable>" @@ -694,7 +705,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> <replaceable>COMMENT</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:116(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:136(para) msgid "" "The new value of the user's password file comment field. It is normally " "modified using the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" @@ -703,7 +714,7 @@ msgstr "" "用户密码文件中注释字段的新值。通常使用 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> 工具对其进行修改。" -#: usermod.8.xml:125(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:145(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> " @@ -715,11 +726,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:129(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) msgid "The user's new login directory." msgstr "用户的新登录目录。" -#: usermod.8.xml:132(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:152(para) msgid "" "If the <option>-m</option> option is given, the contents of the current home " "directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it " @@ -728,7 +739,7 @@ msgstr "" "如果给了 <option>-m</option> 选项，当前主目录的内容将会移动到新主目录中，如果" "不存在，则创建。" -#: usermod.8.xml:141(term) useradd.8.xml:189(term) useradd.8.xml:566(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:199(term) useradd.8.xml:576(term) msgid "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>" @@ -736,7 +747,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-e</option>, <option>--expiredate</option> " "<replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:145(para) useradd.8.xml:193(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) useradd.8.xml:203(para) msgid "" "The date on which the user account will be disabled. The date is specified " "in the format <emphasis remap=\"I\">YYYY-MM-DD</emphasis>." @@ -744,13 +755,13 @@ msgstr "" "用户账户将被禁用的日期。日期以 <emphasis remap=\"I\">YYYY-MM-DD</emphasis> 格" "式指定。" -#: usermod.8.xml:149(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) msgid "" "An empty <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> argument will disable the " "expiration of the account." msgstr "空 <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> 参数将禁用账户过期。" -#: usermod.8.xml:153(para) usermod.8.xml:174(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:173(para) usermod.8.xml:194(para) msgid "" "This option requires a <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. A <filename>/" "etc/shadow</filename> entry will be created if there were none." @@ -758,7 +769,7 @@ msgstr "" "此选项需要一个 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> 文件。如果没有，将会创建一条 " "<filename>/etc/shadow</filename> 项目。" -#: usermod.8.xml:161(term) useradd.8.xml:206(term) useradd.8.xml:578(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:181(term) useradd.8.xml:216(term) useradd.8.xml:588(term) msgid "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" @@ -766,19 +777,19 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-f</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:165(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:185(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently " "disabled." msgstr "密码过期之后，账户被彻底禁用之前的天数。" -#: usermod.8.xml:169(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:189(para) msgid "" "A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has expired, and a " "value of -1 disables the feature." msgstr "0 表示密码过期时，立即禁用账户；-1 表示不使用这个功能。" -#: usermod.8.xml:182(term) useradd.8.xml:225(term) useradd.8.xml:593(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:202(term) useradd.8.xml:235(term) useradd.8.xml:603(term) msgid "" "<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option> <replaceable>GROUP</" "replaceable>" @@ -786,25 +797,25 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-g</option>, <option>--gid</option> <replaceable>GROUP</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:186(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:206(para) msgid "" "The group name or number of the user's new initial login group. The group " "must exist." msgstr "用户的新初始登录组的组名或数字代号。此组必须存在。" -#: usermod.8.xml:190(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:210(para) msgid "" "Any file from the user's home directory owned by the previous primary group " "of the user will be owned by this new group." msgstr "用户主目录中，属于原来的主组的文件将转交新组所有。" -#: usermod.8.xml:194(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:214(para) msgid "" "The group ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be " "fixed manually." msgstr "主目录之外的文件所属的组必须手动修改。" -#: usermod.8.xml:201(term) useradd.8.xml:252(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) useradd.8.xml:262(term) msgid "" "<option>-G</option>, <option>--groups</option> <replaceable>GROUP1</" "replaceable>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GROUP2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap=\"I" @@ -814,7 +825,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>[<emphasis remap=\"I\">,GROUP2,...</emphasis>[<emphasis remap=\"I" "\">,GROUPN</emphasis>]]]" -#: usermod.8.xml:205(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " "group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. " @@ -824,7 +835,7 @@ msgstr "" "用户还属于的附加组列表。组之间使用逗号分隔，没有空格。这些组需要遵守和 " "<option>-g</option> 选项中给的组同样的限制。" -#: usermod.8.xml:212(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:232(para) msgid "" "If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user " "will be removed from the group. This behaviour can be changed via the " @@ -835,7 +846,7 @@ msgstr "" "这个行为可以通过 <option>-a</option> 选项修改，这使用户追加到给出的附加组列表" "中。" -#: usermod.8.xml:221(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:241(term) msgid "" "<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option> <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</" "replaceable>" @@ -843,7 +854,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-l</option>, <option>--login</option> <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:225(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) msgid "" "The name of the user will be changed from <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> " "to <replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</replaceable>. Nothing else is changed. In " @@ -854,11 +865,11 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>NEW_LOGIN</replaceable>。不会更改别的任何东西。特别是，用户的主" "目录名和邮件池也需要手动修改以和新登录名对应。" -#: usermod.8.xml:235(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:255(term) msgid "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" msgstr "<option>-L</option>, <option>--lock</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:239(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:259(para) msgid "" "Lock a user's password. This puts a '!' in front of the encrypted password, " "effectively disabling the password. You can't use this option with <option>-" @@ -867,7 +878,7 @@ msgstr "" "锁定用户的密码。这会在用户加密的密码之前放置一个“!”，可以快速禁用密码。您可以" "和 <option>-p</option> 或 <option>-U</option> 配合使用此选项。" -#: usermod.8.xml:245(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:265(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you " "should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> to " @@ -876,15 +887,15 @@ msgstr "" "注意：如果希望锁定账户(不仅仅是通过密码访问)，您也需要设置 " "<replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> 为 <replaceable>1</replaceable>。" -#: usermod.8.xml:254(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--move-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--move-home</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:258(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) msgid "Move the content of the user's home directory to the new location." msgstr "将用户的主目录移动到新位置。" -#: usermod.8.xml:262(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:282(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-d</option> (or " "<option>--home</option>) option." @@ -892,7 +903,7 @@ msgstr "" "这个选项只有和 <option>-d</option> (或 <option>--home</option>) 选项组合使用" "时才有效。" -#: usermod.8.xml:266(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:286(para) msgid "" "<command>usermod</command> will try to adapt the ownership of the files and " "to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be " @@ -901,18 +912,18 @@ msgstr "" "<command>usermod</command> 会改写文件的属主并复制模式、ACL 和扩展属性，但是稍" "后也可能需要手动修改。" -#: usermod.8.xml:274(term) useradd.8.xml:386(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:294(term) useradd.8.xml:396(term) groupmod.8.xml:146(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:157(term) msgid "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" msgstr "<option>-o</option>, <option>--non-unique</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:278(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:298(para) msgid "" "When used with the <option>-u</option> option, this option allows to change " "the user ID to a non-unique value." msgstr "使用 <option>-u</option> 选项时，可以将用户 ID 改为非唯一的值。" -#: usermod.8.xml:285(term) useradd.8.xml:398(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:305(term) useradd.8.xml:408(term) groupmod.8.xml:157(term) #: groupadd.8.xml:167(term) msgid "" "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option> <replaceable>PASSWORD</" @@ -921,7 +932,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-p</option>, <option>--password</option> <replaceable>PASSWORD</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:289(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:309(para) groupmod.8.xml:161(para) msgid "" "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>." @@ -929,7 +940,7 @@ msgstr "" "已经加密过的密码，就像 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> 返回的那样。" -#: usermod.8.xml:294(para) useradd.8.xml:407(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:314(para) useradd.8.xml:417(para) groupmod.8.xml:166(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:176(para) msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"bold\">Note:</emphasis> This option is not recommended " @@ -939,7 +950,7 @@ msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"bold\">注意：</emphasis>不推荐使用这个选项，因为密码(或加密" "过的密码)会被用户通过列出这个过程而看到。" -#: usermod.8.xml:299(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:319(para) msgid "" "The password will be written in the local <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " "or <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file. This might differ from the " @@ -949,13 +960,13 @@ msgstr "" "shadow</filename> 文件。这可能会与您的机器有所不同，这根据 PAM 配置中的密码数" "据库配置而定。" -#: usermod.8.xml:305(para) useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:325(para) useradd.8.xml:422(para) groupmod.8.xml:171(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:181(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the password respects the system's password policy." msgstr "您应该确保密码符合系统的密码政策。" -#: usermod.8.xml:324(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:344(term) userdel.8.xml:158(term) useradd.8.xml:468(term) #: groupmod.8.xml:190(term) groupdel.8.xml:113(term) groupadd.8.xml:216(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" @@ -968,7 +979,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:328(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:348(para) userdel.8.xml:162(para) useradd.8.xml:472(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:194(para) groupdel.8.xml:117(para) groupadd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "" "Apply changes in the <replaceable>PREFIX_DIR</replaceable> directory and use " @@ -978,7 +989,7 @@ msgid "" "verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:341(term) useradd.8.xml:475(term) useradd.8.xml:613(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:361(term) useradd.8.xml:485(term) useradd.8.xml:623(term) #: su.1.xml:186(term) chsh.1.xml:119(term) msgid "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" @@ -987,14 +998,14 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-s</option>, <option>--shell</option> <replaceable>SHELL</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:345(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:365(para) chsh.1.xml:123(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's new login shell. Setting this field to blank causes " "the system to select the default login shell." msgstr "" "用户的新登录 shell 的名称。将此字段设置为空会让系统选择默认的登录 shell。" -#: usermod.8.xml:352(term) useradd.8.xml:489(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:372(term) useradd.8.xml:499(term) msgid "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</" "replaceable>" @@ -1002,31 +1013,31 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--uid</option> <replaceable>UID</" "replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:356(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:376(para) msgid "The new numerical value of the user's ID." msgstr "用户 ID 的新数值。" -#: usermod.8.xml:359(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:379(para) msgid "" "This value must be unique, unless the <option>-o</option> option is used. " "The value must be non-negative." msgstr "" "这个值必须是唯一的，除非使用了 <option>-o</option> 选项，必须是非负值。" -#: usermod.8.xml:364(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:384(para) msgid "" "The user's mailbox, and any files which the user owns and which are located " "in the user's home directory will have the file user ID changed " "automatically." msgstr "用户的邮箱，用户主目录中属于此用户的文件的属主 ID 也将自动更改。" -#: usermod.8.xml:369(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:389(para) msgid "" "The ownership of files outside of the user's home directory must be fixed " "manually." msgstr "用户主目录之外文件所有权必须手动修复。" -#: usermod.8.xml:373(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:393(para) msgid "" "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>UID_MIN</option>, " "<option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>SYS_UID_MIN</option>, or " @@ -1036,11 +1047,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>SYS_UID_MIN</option> 和 " "<option>SYS_UID_MAX</option> 进行检查。" -#: usermod.8.xml:382(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" msgstr "<option>-U</option>, <option>--unlock</option>" -#: usermod.8.xml:386(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) msgid "" "Unlock a user's password. This removes the '!' in front of the encrypted " "password. You can't use this option with <option>-p</option> or <option>-L</" @@ -1049,7 +1060,7 @@ msgstr "" "解锁用户的密码。这将移除加密的密码之前的“!”。您可以将此选项和 <option>-p</" "option> 或 <option>-L</option> 配合使用。" -#: usermod.8.xml:391(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:411(para) msgid "" "Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), " "you should also set the <replaceable>EXPIRE_DATE</replaceable> (for example " @@ -1061,7 +1072,7 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>，或者 <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> 中的 " "<option>EXPIRE</option> 值)。" -#: usermod.8.xml:402(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:422(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1073,17 +1084,17 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" "replaceable>|<replaceable>RANGE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:406(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:426(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate uids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:409(para) usermod.8.xml:447(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:429(para) usermod.8.xml:467(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to add multiple ranges to a " "users account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:412(para) usermod.8.xml:432(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:432(para) usermod.8.xml:452(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "No checks will be performed with regard to the <option>UID_MIN</option>, " @@ -1098,7 +1109,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>UID_MAX</option>, <option>SYS_UID_MIN</option> 和 " "<option>SYS_UID_MAX</option> 进行检查。" -#: usermod.8.xml:420(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1110,11 +1121,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" "replaceable>|<replaceable>RANGE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:424(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) msgid "Remove a range of subordinate uids from the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:427(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:447(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subuids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1122,7 +1133,7 @@ msgid "" "happens before any subordinate uid range is added." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:440(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:460(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1134,11 +1145,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" "replaceable>|<replaceable>RANGE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:464(para) msgid "Add a range of subordinate gids to the user's account." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:450(para) usermod.8.xml:470(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:470(para) usermod.8.xml:490(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The default behavior (if the <option>-g</option>, <option>-N</option>, " @@ -1154,7 +1165,7 @@ msgstr "" "选项，默认行为由 <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> 中的 " "<option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> 变量指定。" -#: usermod.8.xml:458(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" @@ -1166,13 +1177,13 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-u</option>, <option>--user</option> <replaceable>LOGIN</" "replaceable>|<replaceable>RANGE</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:462(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "Remove any SELinux user mapping for the user's login." msgid "Remove a range of subordinate gids from the user's account." msgstr "移除用户登录的所有 SELinux 用户映射。" -#: usermod.8.xml:465(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) msgid "" "This option may be specified multiple times to remove multiple ranges to a " "users account. When both <option>--del-subgids</option> and <option>--add-" @@ -1180,7 +1191,7 @@ msgid "" "happens before any subordinate gid range is added." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:478(term) useradd.8.xml:524(term) +#: usermod.8.xml:498(term) useradd.8.xml:534(term) msgid "" "<option>-Z</option>, <option>--selinux-user</option> " "<replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable>" @@ -1188,11 +1199,11 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-Z</option>, <option>--selinux-user</option> " "<replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable>" -#: usermod.8.xml:482(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:502(para) msgid "The new SELinux user for the user's login." msgstr "用户登陆的 SELinux 用户。" -#: usermod.8.xml:485(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:505(para) msgid "" "A blank <replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable> will remove the SELinux user " "mapping for user <replaceable>LOGIN</replaceable> (if any)." @@ -1200,16 +1211,16 @@ msgstr "" "空的 <replaceable>SEUSER</replaceable> 将移除用户 <replaceable>LOGIN</" "replaceable> 的 SELinux 用户映射(如果有)。" -#: usermod.8.xml:496(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:641(title) +#: usermod.8.xml:516(title) userdel.8.xml:298(title) useradd.8.xml:651(title) #: su.1.xml:330(title) shadow.3.xml:218(title) passwd.1.xml:377(title) -#: newusers.8.xml:350(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) +#: newusers.8.xml:362(title) login.1.xml:260(title) lastlog.8.xml:229(title) #: groupdel.8.xml:133(title) groupadd.8.xml:274(title) gpasswd.1.xml:252(title) #: faillog.8.xml:232(title) chpasswd.8.xml:231(title) #: chgpasswd.8.xml:186(title) msgid "CAVEATS" msgstr "CAVEATS" -#: usermod.8.xml:497(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:517(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes " @@ -1228,7 +1239,7 @@ msgstr "" "进程。<command>usermod</command> 会在 Linux 上进行检查；但是在其它平台上，仅" "仅根据 utmp 检查用户是否已经登录。" -#: usermod.8.xml:504(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:524(para) msgid "" "You must change the owner of any <command>crontab</command> files or " "<command>at</command> jobs manually." @@ -1236,7 +1247,7 @@ msgstr "" "您必须手动更改 <command>crontab</command> 文件或 <command>at</command> 作业的" "属主。" -#: usermod.8.xml:508(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:528(para) msgid "You must make any changes involving NIS on the NIS server." msgstr "您必须更改 NIS 服务器上的 NIS 相关内容。" @@ -1519,10 +1530,10 @@ msgstr "" "如果是 <replaceable>yes</replaceable>，要创建用户 tcb 目录不会自动设置为 /" "etc/tcb/user，但是会根据用户的 UID 计算，根据的算法如下：<placeholder-1/>" -#: usermod.8.xml:547(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:745(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:567(filename) userdel.8.xml:214(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:755(filename) su.1.xml:381(filename) #: pwconv.8.xml:253(filename) passwd.1.xml:428(filename) -#: newusers.8.xml:424(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:436(filename) login.access.5.xml:124(filename) #: login.1.xml:389(filename) groupmod.8.xml:237(filename) #: groupadd.8.xml:265(filename) chsh.1.xml:182(filename) #: chpasswd.8.xml:270(filename) chgpasswd.8.xml:228(filename) @@ -1530,39 +1541,39 @@ msgstr "" msgid "/etc/login.defs" msgstr "/etc/login.defs" -#: usermod.8.xml:549(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:747(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:569(para) userdel.8.xml:216(para) useradd.8.xml:757(para) #: su.1.xml:383(para) pwconv.8.xml:255(para) passwd.1.xml:430(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:426(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) login.access.5.xml:126(para) login.1.xml:391(para) #: groupmod.8.xml:239(para) groupadd.8.xml:267(para) chsh.1.xml:184(para) #: chpasswd.8.xml:272(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:230(para) chfn.1.xml:212(para) msgid "Shadow password suite configuration." msgstr "Shadow 密码套件配置。" -#: usermod.8.xml:565(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:733(filename) newusers.8.xml:436(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:585(filename) userdel.8.xml:232(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:743(filename) newusers.8.xml:448(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/suauth" msgid "/etc/subgid" msgstr "/etc/suauth" -#: usermod.8.xml:567(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:735(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:438(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:587(para) userdel.8.xml:234(para) useradd.8.xml:745(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:450(para) msgid "Per user subordinate group IDs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:571(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) -#: useradd.8.xml:739(filename) newusers.8.xml:442(filename) +#: usermod.8.xml:591(filename) userdel.8.xml:238(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:749(filename) newusers.8.xml:454(filename) #, fuzzy #| msgid "/etc/suauth" msgid "/etc/subuid" msgstr "/etc/suauth" -#: usermod.8.xml:573(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:741(para) -#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:593(para) userdel.8.xml:240(para) useradd.8.xml:751(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:456(para) msgid "Per user subordinate user IDs." msgstr "" -#: usermod.8.xml:581(para) +#: usermod.8.xml:601(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" @@ -1805,58 +1816,58 @@ msgstr "" "<command>userdel</command> 将移除此用户组，<command>useradd</command> 创建用" "户时，也会创建一个同名的默认组。" -#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:754(title) su.1.xml:390(title) -#: pwck.8.xml:293(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) +#: userdel.8.xml:247(title) useradd.8.xml:764(title) su.1.xml:390(title) +#: pwck.8.xml:303(title) passwd.1.xml:443(title) grpck.8.xml:245(title) #: groupmod.8.xml:252(title) groupdel.8.xml:175(title) -#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:278(title) +#: groupadd.8.xml:296(title) chage.1.xml:284(title) msgid "EXIT VALUES" msgstr "退出值" -#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:759(replaceable) -#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:298(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:252(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:769(replaceable) +#: su.1.xml:409(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:308(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:448(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:250(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:257(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:180(replaceable) -#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:283(replaceable) +#: groupadd.8.xml:301(replaceable) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) msgid "0" msgstr "0" -#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:761(para) pwck.8.xml:300(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:254(para) useradd.8.xml:771(para) pwck.8.xml:310(para) #: passwd.1.xml:450(para) grpck.8.xml:252(para) groupdel.8.xml:182(para) -#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:285(para) +#: groupadd.8.xml:303(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) msgid "success" msgstr "成功" -#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:765(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:258(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:775(replaceable) #: su.1.xml:75(manvolnum) su.1.xml:415(replaceable) sg.1.xml:59(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:304(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:314(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:65(manvolnum) #: passwd.1.xml:454(replaceable) newgrp.1.xml:59(manvolnum) #: login.1.xml:91(manvolnum) grpck.8.xml:256(replaceable) #: groups.1.xml:58(manvolnum) gpasswd.1.xml:63(manvolnum) #: expiry.1.xml:62(manvolnum) chsh.1.xml:61(manvolnum) chfn.1.xml:61(manvolnum) -#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:289(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:59(manvolnum) chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) msgid "1" msgstr "1" -#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:767(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:260(para) useradd.8.xml:777(para) msgid "can't update password file" msgstr "无法更新密码文件" -#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:771(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:310(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:264(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:781(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:320(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:460(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:262(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:263(replaceable) #: groupdel.8.xml:186(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:307(replaceable) -#: chage.1.xml:295(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) msgid "2" msgstr "2" -#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:773(para) pwck.8.xml:306(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:266(para) useradd.8.xml:783(para) pwck.8.xml:316(para) #: grpck.8.xml:258(para) groupdel.8.xml:188(para) groupadd.8.xml:309(para) -#: chage.1.xml:297(para) +#: chage.1.xml:303(para) msgid "invalid command syntax" msgstr "无效的命令语法" -#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:789(replaceable) -#: pwck.8.xml:334(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:270(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:799(replaceable) +#: pwck.8.xml:344(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:484(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:281(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:192(replaceable) msgid "6" msgstr "6" @@ -1869,18 +1880,18 @@ msgstr "指定的用户不存在" msgid "user currently logged in" msgstr "用户已经登录" -#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:801(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:282(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:811(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:293(replaceable) groupdel.8.xml:204(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:331(replaceable) msgid "10" msgstr "10" -#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:803(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) +#: userdel.8.xml:284(para) useradd.8.xml:813(para) groupdel.8.xml:206(para) #: groupadd.8.xml:333(para) msgid "can't update group file" msgstr "无法更新组文件" -#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:807(replaceable) +#: userdel.8.xml:288(replaceable) useradd.8.xml:817(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:305(replaceable) msgid "12" msgstr "12" @@ -2034,7 +2045,11 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>useradd</command> command are:" msgstr "<command>useradd</command> 可以使用的选项有：" -#: useradd.8.xml:130(term) useradd.8.xml:548(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:131(option) pwck.8.xml:187(option) newusers.8.xml:272(option) +msgid "--badname" +msgstr "" + +#: useradd.8.xml:140(term) useradd.8.xml:558(term) msgid "" "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -2042,7 +2057,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" "replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:134(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The default base directory for the system if <option>-d</option> " "<replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> is not specified. <replaceable>BASE_DIR</" @@ -2055,7 +2070,7 @@ msgstr "" "如果没有使用 <option>-m</option> 选项，<replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> 必" "须已经存在。" -#: useradd.8.xml:141(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:151(para) msgid "" "If this option is not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the " "base directory specified by the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/" @@ -2065,13 +2080,13 @@ msgstr "" "useradd</filename> 中的 <option>HOME</option> 变量，或者默认的 <filename>/" "home</filename>。" -#: useradd.8.xml:155(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:165(para) msgid "" "Any text string. It is generally a short description of the login, and is " "currently used as the field for the user's full name." msgstr "任何字符串。通常是关于登录的简短描述，当前用于用户全名。" -#: useradd.8.xml:163(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:173(term) msgid "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -2079,7 +2094,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-d</option>, <option>--home-dir</option> <replaceable>HOME_DIR</" "replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:167(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:177(para) msgid "" "The new user will be created using <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable> as " "the value for the user's login directory. The default is to append the " @@ -2093,15 +2108,15 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> 后面，并使用这作为登陆目录。目录不一定必" "须已经存在 <replaceable>HOME_DIR</replaceable>，但是会在需要时创建。" -#: useradd.8.xml:179(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:189(term) msgid "<option>-D</option>, <option>--defaults</option>" msgstr "<option>-D</option>, <option>--defaults</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:183(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:193(para) msgid "See below, the subsection \"Changing the default values\"." msgstr "看下边，“更改默认值”子节。" -#: useradd.8.xml:197(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:207(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default expiry " "date specified by the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" @@ -2111,7 +2126,7 @@ msgstr "" "useradd</filename> 中 <option>EXPIRE</option> 变量指定的默认过期日期，或者一" "个空字符串(不过期)。" -#: useradd.8.xml:210(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:220(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password expires until the account is permanently " "disabled. A value of 0 disables the account as soon as the password has " @@ -2119,7 +2134,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "密码过期后，账户被彻底禁用之前的天数。0 表示立即禁用，-1 表示禁用这个功能。" -#: useradd.8.xml:216(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:226(para) msgid "" "If not specified, <command>useradd</command> will use the default inactivity " "period specified by the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" @@ -2129,14 +2144,14 @@ msgstr "" "useradd</filename> 中的 <option>INACTIVE</option> 指定的默认禁用周期，或者默" "认为 -1。" -#: useradd.8.xml:229(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:239(para) msgid "" "The group name or number of the user's initial login group. The group name " "must exist. A group number must refer to an already existing group." msgstr "" "用户初始登陆组的组名或号码。组名必须已经存在。组号码必须指代已经存在的组。" -#: useradd.8.xml:234(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "If not specified, the behavior of <command>useradd</command> will depend on " "the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> variable in <filename>/etc/login.defs</" @@ -2157,7 +2172,7 @@ msgstr "" "user-group</option>)，useradd 会把新用户的主组设置为 <filename>/etc/default/" "useradd</filename> 中 <option>GROUP</option> 变量指定的值，再或者默认是 100。" -#: useradd.8.xml:256(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:266(para) msgid "" "A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of. Each " "group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace. " @@ -2168,7 +2183,7 @@ msgstr "" "用户还属于的附加组列表。每个组都用逗号隔开，没有中间的空格。这里的组受到了 " "<option>-g</option> 选项给定的组同样的限制。默认上，用户只属于初始组。" -#: useradd.8.xml:273(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:283(term) msgid "" "<option>-k</option>, <option>--skel</option> <replaceable>SKEL_DIR</" "replaceable>" @@ -2176,7 +2191,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-k</option>, <option>--skel</option> <replaceable>SKEL_DIR</" "replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:277(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:287(para) msgid "" "The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in " "the user's home directory, when the home directory is created by " @@ -2185,7 +2200,7 @@ msgstr "" "骨架目录，包含使用 <command>useradd</command> 创建用户时，要复制到用户主目录" "中的文件和目录。" -#: useradd.8.xml:282(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid if the <option>-m</option> (or <option>--create-" "home</option>) option is specified." @@ -2193,7 +2208,7 @@ msgstr "" "这个选项只有在指定 <option>-m</option> (或 <option>--create-home</option>) 选" "项时才有效。" -#: useradd.8.xml:286(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:296(para) msgid "" "If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the " "<option>SKEL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> " @@ -2202,11 +2217,11 @@ msgstr "" "如果此项没有设置，骨架目录使用 <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> 中" "的 <option>SKEL</option> 的变量或默认为 <filename>/etc/skel</filename>。" -#: useradd.8.xml:292(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) msgid "If possible, the ACLs and extended attributes are copied." msgstr "如果可以，也复制 ACL 和扩展属性。" -#: useradd.8.xml:298(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:308(term) groupadd.8.xml:137(term) msgid "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VALUE</replaceable>" @@ -2214,7 +2229,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-K</option>, <option>--key</option> <replaceable>KEY</" "replaceable>=<replaceable>VALUE</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:302(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:312(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Overrides <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> defaults (<option>UID_MIN</" @@ -2248,15 +2263,15 @@ msgstr "" "replaceable>=<replaceable>100</replaceable> <option>-K</option> " "<replaceable>UID_MAX</replaceable>=<replaceable>499</replaceable>" -#: useradd.8.xml:323(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:333(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--no-log-init</option>" msgstr "<option>-l</option>, <option>--no-log-init</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:325(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:335(para) msgid "Do not add the user to the lastlog and faillog databases." msgstr "不要将用户添加到最近登录和登录失败数据库。" -#: useradd.8.xml:328(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:338(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "By default, the user's entries in the lastlog and faillog databases are " @@ -2268,11 +2283,11 @@ msgstr "" "默认上，最近登录和登录失败中用户的条目会被重置，以避免重新使用先前删除的用户" "的条目。" -#: useradd.8.xml:336(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:346(term) msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:340(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:350(para) msgid "" "Create the user's home directory if it does not exist. The files and " "directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with " @@ -2281,7 +2296,7 @@ msgstr "" "如果不存在，则创建用户主目录。骨架目录中的文件和目录(可以使用 <option>-k</" "option> 选项指定)，将会复制到主目录。" -#: useradd.8.xml:346(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:356(para) msgid "" "By default, if this option is not specified and <option>CREATE_HOME</option> " "is not enabled, no home directories are created." @@ -2289,13 +2304,13 @@ msgstr "" "默认上，如果没有指定此选项并且 <option>CREATE_HOME</option> 没有启用，不会创" "建主目录。" -#: useradd.8.xml:354(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:364(term) #, fuzzy #| msgid "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" msgid "<option>-M</option>, <option>--no-create-home</option>" msgstr "<option>-m</option>, <option>--create-home</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:358(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:368(para) msgid "" "Do no create the user's home directory, even if the system wide setting from " "<filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> (<option>CREATE_HOME</option>) is set " @@ -2304,11 +2319,11 @@ msgstr "" "不创建用户主目录，即使系统在 <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> 中的设置 " "(<option>CREATE_HOME</option>) 为 <replaceable>yes</replaceable>。" -#: useradd.8.xml:367(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:377(term) msgid "<option>-N</option>, <option>--no-user-group</option>" msgstr "<option>-N</option>, <option>--no-user-group</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:371(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:381(para) msgid "" "Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to " "the group specified by the <option>-g</option> option or by the " @@ -2317,7 +2332,7 @@ msgstr "" "不要创建同名组，而是将用户添加到 <option>-g</option> 选项指定的组，或根据 " "<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> 中的 <option>GROUP</option> 变量。" -#: useradd.8.xml:377(para) useradd.8.xml:515(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:387(para) useradd.8.xml:525(para) msgid "" "The default behavior (if the <option>-g</option>, <option>-N</option>, and " "<option>-U</option> options are not specified) is defined by the " @@ -2328,16 +2343,16 @@ msgstr "" "选项，默认行为由 <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> 中的 " "<option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> 变量指定。" -#: useradd.8.xml:390(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:400(para) msgid "Allow the creation of a user account with a duplicate (non-unique) UID." msgstr "允许使用重复的 UID 创建用户账户。" -#: useradd.8.xml:391(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:401(para) msgid "" "This option is only valid in combination with the <option>-u</option> option." msgstr "此选项只有和 <option>-u</option> 选项组合使用才有效。" -#: useradd.8.xml:402(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:412(para) groupadd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "" "The encrypted password, as returned by <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The default is to " @@ -2347,15 +2362,15 @@ msgstr "" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> 的返回值。默认为禁用密" "码。" -#: useradd.8.xml:419(term) newusers.8.xml:289(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:429(term) newusers.8.xml:301(term) groupadd.8.xml:188(term) msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--system</option>" msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--system</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:423(para) newusers.8.xml:293(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:433(para) newusers.8.xml:305(para) msgid "Create a system account." msgstr "创建一个系统账户。" -#: useradd.8.xml:426(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:436(para) #, fuzzy msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" @@ -2371,7 +2386,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>UID_MIN</option>-<option>UID_MAX</option> (and their <option>GID</" "option> counterparts for the creation of groups)。" -#: useradd.8.xml:435(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:445(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Note that <command>useradd</command> will not create a home directory for " @@ -2390,7 +2405,7 @@ msgstr "" "etc/login.defs</filename> (<option>CREATE_HOME</option>) 中是的默认设置是怎" "样。如果想为要创建的系统账户创建主目录，需要指定 <option>-m</option> 选项。" -#: useradd.8.xml:479(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:489(para) msgid "" "The name of the user's login shell. The default is to leave this field " "blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell specified " @@ -2401,7 +2416,7 @@ msgstr "" "filename> 中的 <option>SHELL</option> 变量选择默认的登录 shell，默认为空字符" "串。" -#: useradd.8.xml:493(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:503(para) msgid "" "The numerical value of the user's ID. This value must be unique, unless the " "<option>-o</option> option is used. The value must be non-negative. The " @@ -2412,34 +2427,34 @@ msgstr "" "必须非负，默认使用大于等于 <option>UID_MIN</option>，且大于任何其他用户 ID 最" "小值。" -#: useradd.8.xml:500(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:510(para) msgid "" "See also the <option>-r</option> option and the <option>UID_MAX</option> " "description." msgstr "请参考 <option>-r</option> 选项和 <option>UID_MAX</option> 的描述。" -#: useradd.8.xml:507(term) +#: useradd.8.xml:517(term) msgid "<option>-U</option>, <option>--user-group</option>" msgstr "<option>-U</option>, <option>--user-group</option>" -#: useradd.8.xml:511(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:521(para) msgid "" "Create a group with the same name as the user, and add the user to this " "group." msgstr "创建一个和用户同名的组，并将用户添加到组中。" -#: useradd.8.xml:528(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:538(para) msgid "" "The SELinux user for the user's login. The default is to leave this field " "blank, which causes the system to select the default SELinux user." msgstr "" "用户登陆的 SELinux 用户。默认为留空，这会造成系统选择默认的 SELinux 用户。" -#: useradd.8.xml:538(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:548(title) msgid "Changing the default values" msgstr "更改默认值" -#: useradd.8.xml:539(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:549(para) msgid "" "When invoked with only the <option>-D</option> option, <command>useradd</" "command> will display the current default values. When invoked with <option>-" @@ -2450,7 +2465,7 @@ msgstr "" "默认值。<option>-D</option> 和其它选项配合使用时，<command>useradd</command> " "将为指定的选项更新默认值。有效的“更改默认值”选项有：" -#: useradd.8.xml:552(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:562(para) msgid "" "The path prefix for a new user's home directory. The user's name will be " "affixed to the end of <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> to form the new " @@ -2461,7 +2476,7 @@ msgstr "" "用户的名称将会缀在 <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> 的后边形成新用户的主目" "录名。" -#: useradd.8.xml:559(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:569(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>HOME</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2469,11 +2484,11 @@ msgstr "" "这个选择在 <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> 中设置 <option>HOME</" "option> 选项。" -#: useradd.8.xml:570(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:580(para) msgid "The date on which the user account is disabled." msgstr "禁用此用户账户的日期。" -#: useradd.8.xml:571(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:581(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>EXPIRE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2481,13 +2496,13 @@ msgstr "" "此选项在 <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> 中设置 <option>EXPIRE</" "option> 变量。" -#: useradd.8.xml:582(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:592(para) msgid "" "The number of days after a password has expired before the account will be " "disabled." msgstr "密码过期到账户被禁用之前的天数。" -#: useradd.8.xml:586(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:596(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>INACTIVE</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2495,7 +2510,7 @@ msgstr "" "这个选项在 <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> 中设置 " "<option>INACTIVE</option> 变量。" -#: useradd.8.xml:597(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:607(para) msgid "" "The group name or ID for a new user's initial group (when the <option>-N/--" "no-user-group</option> is used or when the <option>USERGROUPS_ENAB</option> " @@ -2508,7 +2523,7 @@ msgstr "" "option> 设置为 <replaceable>no</replaceable> 时)。给出的组必须存在，并且数字" "组 ID 必须有一个已经存在的项。" -#: useradd.8.xml:606(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:616(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>GROUP</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2516,11 +2531,11 @@ msgstr "" "这个选项在 <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> 中设置 <option>GROUP</" "option> 变量。" -#: useradd.8.xml:617(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:627(para) msgid "The name of a new user's login shell." msgstr "新用户的登录 shell 名。" -#: useradd.8.xml:620(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:630(para) msgid "" "This option sets the <option>SHELL</option> variable in <filename>/etc/" "default/useradd</filename>." @@ -2528,11 +2543,11 @@ msgstr "" "这个选项在 <filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> 设置 <option>SHELL</" "option> 变量。" -#: useradd.8.xml:632(title) +#: useradd.8.xml:642(title) msgid "NOTES" msgstr "注意：" -#: useradd.8.xml:633(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:643(para) msgid "" "The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files " "in the <filename>/etc/skel/</filename> directory (or any other skeleton " @@ -2542,13 +2557,13 @@ msgstr "" "系统管理员负责将默认的用户文件放在 <filename>/etc/skel/</filename> 目录中(或" "者命令行上、<filename>/etc/default/useradd</filename> 中指定的任何其它目录)。" -#: useradd.8.xml:642(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:652(para) msgid "" "You may not add a user to a NIS or LDAP group. This must be performed on the " "corresponding server." msgstr "您可能不能想 NIS 组或 LDAP 组添加用户。这只能在相应服务器上进行。" -#: useradd.8.xml:647(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:657(para) msgid "" "Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such " "as NIS or LDAP, <command>useradd</command> will deny the user account " @@ -2557,7 +2572,7 @@ msgstr "" "相似地，如果用户名已经存在于外部用户数据库中，比如 NIS 或 LDAP，" "<command>useradd</command> 将拒绝创建用户账户的请求。" -#: useradd.8.xml:653(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:663(para) msgid "" "Usernames must start with a lower case letter or an underscore, followed by " "lower case letters, digits, underscores, or dashes. They can end with a " @@ -2566,7 +2581,7 @@ msgstr "" "用户名必须以一个小写字母或下划线开始，跟随小写字符、数字、下划线或连字符的组" "合。可以以美元符号结束。用正则表达式表示就是：[a-z_][a-z0-9_-]*[$]?" -#: useradd.8.xml:659(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:669(para) msgid "Usernames may only be up to 32 characters long." msgstr "用户名不能超过 32 个字符长。" @@ -2790,77 +2805,77 @@ msgid "" "It is also used by <command>pam_umask</command> as the default umask value." msgstr "也被 <command>pam_umask</command> 用作默认 umask 值。" -#: useradd.8.xml:721(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:731(filename) msgid "/etc/default/useradd" msgstr "/etc/default/useradd" -#: useradd.8.xml:723(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:733(para) msgid "Default values for account creation." msgstr "账户创建的默认值。" -#: useradd.8.xml:727(filename) +#: useradd.8.xml:737(filename) msgid "/etc/skel/" msgstr "/etc/skel/" -#: useradd.8.xml:729(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:739(para) msgid "Directory containing default files." msgstr "包含默认文件的目录。" -#: useradd.8.xml:777(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:316(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:787(replaceable) shadow.3.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:326(replaceable) passwd.1.xml:466(replaceable) #: grpck.8.xml:268(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:269(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:313(replaceable) msgid "3" msgstr "3" -#: useradd.8.xml:779(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:789(para) passwd.1.xml:486(para) groupadd.8.xml:315(para) msgid "invalid argument to option" msgstr "给了选项一个无效的参数" -#: useradd.8.xml:783(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:322(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:793(replaceable) pwck.8.xml:332(replaceable) #: passwd.1.xml:472(replaceable) grpck.8.xml:274(replaceable) #: groupmod.8.xml:275(replaceable) groupadd.8.xml:319(replaceable) msgid "4" msgstr "4" -#: useradd.8.xml:785(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:795(para) msgid "UID already in use (and no <option>-o</option>)" msgstr "UID 已经使用 (且没有 <option>-o</option>)" -#: useradd.8.xml:791(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:801(para) groupdel.8.xml:194(para) msgid "specified group doesn't exist" msgstr "指定的组不存在" -#: useradd.8.xml:795(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:805(replaceable) groupmod.8.xml:287(replaceable) #: groupadd.8.xml:325(replaceable) msgid "9" msgstr "9" -#: useradd.8.xml:797(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:807(para) msgid "username already in use" msgstr "用户名已被使用" -#: useradd.8.xml:809(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:819(para) msgid "can't create home directory" msgstr "无法创建主目录" -#: useradd.8.xml:813(replaceable) +#: useradd.8.xml:823(replaceable) #, fuzzy #| msgid "1" msgid "14" msgstr "1" -#: useradd.8.xml:815(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:825(para) msgid "can't update SELinux user mapping" msgstr "" -#: useradd.8.xml:755(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:765(para) msgid "" "The <command>useradd</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" msgstr "<command>useradd</command> 可以返回如下值：<placeholder-1/>" -#: useradd.8.xml:824(para) +#: useradd.8.xml:834(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>chfn</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</" @@ -2930,7 +2945,7 @@ msgid "suauth" msgstr "suauth" #: suauth.5.xml:58(manvolnum) shadow.5.xml:58(manvolnum) -#: pwck.8.xml:328(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) +#: pwck.8.xml:338(replaceable) porttime.5.xml:58(manvolnum) #: passwd.5.xml:58(manvolnum) passwd.1.xml:478(replaceable) #: login.defs.5.xml:124(manvolnum) login.access.5.xml:59(manvolnum) #: limits.5.xml:60(manvolnum) gshadow.5.xml:47(manvolnum) @@ -3917,26 +3932,7 @@ msgstr "必须是有效的账户名，且已经存在于系统中。" msgid "encrypted password" msgstr "加密了的密码" -#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) -msgid "" -"Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" -"manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." -msgstr "" -"请参考 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" -"manvolnum></citerefentry> 来了解关于解析此字符串的细节信息。" - -#: shadow.5.xml:103(para) -msgid "" -"If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix " -"password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)." -msgstr "" -"如果密码字段包含一些不是 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" -"refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> 合法结果的字符，比如 ! " -"或 *，用户将无法使用 unix 密码登录(但是可以通过其它方法登录系统)。" - -#: shadow.5.xml:110(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:98(para) msgid "" "This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to " "authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which " @@ -3947,7 +3943,7 @@ msgstr "" "<filename>/etc/shadow</filename> 文件的应用程序，在密码字段为空时，可能决定禁" "止任何访问。" -#: shadow.5.xml:117(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:105(para) gshadow.5.xml:107(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "A password field which starts with a exclamation mark means that the " @@ -3960,6 +3956,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "以叹号开始的密码字段意味着密码被锁定。该行的剩余字符表示锁定之前的密码。" +#: shadow.5.xml:111(para) passwd.5.xml:126(para) gshadow.5.xml:85(para) +msgid "" +"Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" +"manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how this string is interpreted." +msgstr "" +"请参考 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" +"manvolnum></citerefentry> 来了解关于解析此字符串的细节信息。" + +#: shadow.5.xml:116(para) passwd.5.xml:131(para) +msgid "" +"If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" +"citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix " +"password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)." +msgstr "" +"如果密码字段包含一些不是 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" +"refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> 合法结果的字符，比如 ! " +"或 *，用户将无法使用 unix 密码登录(但是可以通过其它方法登录系统)。" + #: shadow.5.xml:127(emphasis) msgid "date of last password change" msgstr "最后一次更改密码的日期" @@ -4122,7 +4137,7 @@ msgstr "/etc/shadow-" msgid "Backup file for /etc/shadow." msgstr "/etc/shadow 的备份文件。" -#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:159(para) +#: shadow.5.xml:273(para) passwd.5.xml:178(para) msgid "" "Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow toolsuite, but not by " "all user and password management tools." @@ -4715,25 +4730,25 @@ msgstr "<option>-r</option> 和 <option>-s</option> 选项不能联合使用。" msgid "The options which apply to the <command>pwck</command> command are:" msgstr "<command>pwck</command> 选项可以接受的选项有：" -#: pwck.8.xml:194(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:204(para) msgid "" "Report errors only. The warnings which do not require any action from the " "user won't be displayed." msgstr "只报告错误。不显示那些不需要用户操作的警告。" -#: pwck.8.xml:201(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:211(term) grpck.8.xml:163(term) msgid "<option>-r</option>, <option>--read-only</option>" msgstr "<option>-r</option>, <option>--read-only</option>" -#: pwck.8.xml:203(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:213(para) msgid "Execute the <command>pwck</command> command in read-only mode." msgstr "在只读模式下执行 <command>pwck</command>。" -#: pwck.8.xml:221(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) +#: pwck.8.xml:231(term) grpck.8.xml:185(term) msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" -#: pwck.8.xml:223(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:233(para) msgid "" "Sort entries in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</" "filename> by UID." @@ -4741,11 +4756,11 @@ msgstr "" "根据 UID 在 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> 和 <filename>/etc/shadow</" "filename> 对项目进行排序。" -#: pwck.8.xml:227(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:237(para) msgid "This option has no effect when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled." msgstr "启用 <option>USE_TCB</option> 是，本选项无效。" -#: pwck.8.xml:234(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:244(para) msgid "" "By default, <command>pwck</command> operates on the files <filename>/etc/" "passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename><phrase condition=\"tcb" @@ -4759,7 +4774,7 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>passwd</replaceable> 和 <replaceable>shadow</replaceable> 参数来" "选择替代文件。" -#: pwck.8.xml:243(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:253(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Note that when <option>USE_TCB</option> is enabled, you cannot specify an " @@ -4773,33 +4788,33 @@ msgstr "" "注意，<option>USE_TCB</option> 启用时，您不能指定另外的 <replaceable>shadow</" "replaceable>。以后的版本中，此参数可能会被替换成一个另外的 TCB 目录。" -#: pwck.8.xml:312(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:322(para) msgid "one or more bad password entries" msgstr "一个或多个错误的密码条目" -#: pwck.8.xml:318(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:328(para) msgid "can't open password files" msgstr "无法打开密码文件" -#: pwck.8.xml:324(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:334(para) msgid "can't lock password files" msgstr "无法锁定密码文件" -#: pwck.8.xml:330(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:340(para) msgid "can't update password files" msgstr "无法更新密码文件" -#: pwck.8.xml:336(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:346(para) msgid "can't sort password files" msgstr "无法在密码文件中排序" -#: pwck.8.xml:294(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:304(para) msgid "" "The <command>pwck</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" msgstr "<command>pwck</command> 命令有如下返回值：<placeholder-1/>" -#: pwck.8.xml:345(para) +#: pwck.8.xml:355(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>grpck</" @@ -4972,33 +4987,47 @@ msgstr "可选的用户命令解释器" #: passwd.5.xml:100(para) msgid "" -"The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is " -"required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some " -"applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may decide " -"not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the <emphasis>password</" -"emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted " -"password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" -"refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there " -"<emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/" -"shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. If the " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then it will be " -"treated as an encrypted password, as specified by " -"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" -"citerefentry>." +"If the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, " +"then the encrypted password is actually stored in the " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" +"citerefentry> file instead; there <emphasis>must</emphasis> be a " +"corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file, or else the " +"user account is invalid." msgstr "" -"加密的密码字段可以为空，此时使用指定的登录名登录时不会要求认证。然而，如果 " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> 为空，一些读取 <filename>/etc/passwd</" -"filename> 文件的程序可能会不允许 <emphasis>任何</emphasis> 访问。如果 " -"<emphasis>password</emphasis> 字段是一个小写的 <quote>x</quote>，那么加密的密" -"码实际上存储于 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" -"refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> 中；在 <filename>/etc/" -"shadow</filename> 文件中 <emphasis>必须</emphasis> 有对应的行，否则用户账户就" -"会无效。如果 <emphasis>password</emphasis> 字段是其他任何字符串，将会被视为加" -"密过的密码，如 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" -"refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> 中的说明。" -#: passwd.5.xml:119(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:109(para) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to " +#| "authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications " +#| "which read the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file may decide not to " +#| "permit any access at all if the password field is empty." +msgid "" +"The encrypted <emphasis>password</emphasis> field may be empty, in which " +"case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. " +"However, some applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> " +"file may decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " +"<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank." +msgstr "" +"此字段可以为空，此时认证为特定的登录名时，不要求密码。然而，一些读取 " +"<filename>/etc/shadow</filename> 文件的应用程序，在密码字段为空时，可能决定禁" +"止任何访问。" + +#: passwd.5.xml:118(para) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "A password field which starts with a exclamation mark means that the " +#| "password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the " +#| "password field before the password was locked." +msgid "" +"A <emphasis>password</emphasis> field which starts with an exclamation mark " +"means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line " +"represent the <emphasis>password</emphasis> field before the password was " +"locked." +msgstr "" +"以叹号开始的密码字段意味着密码被锁定。该行的剩余字符表示锁定之前的密码。" + +#: passwd.5.xml:138(para) msgid "" "The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as " "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></" @@ -5007,7 +5036,7 @@ msgstr "" "此注释字段被多个系统工具使用，例如 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>finger</" "refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>。" -#: passwd.5.xml:125(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:144(para) msgid "" "The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. " "The <command>login</command> program uses this information to set the value " @@ -5016,7 +5045,7 @@ msgstr "" "主目录字段提供了初始工作目录的名称。<command>login</command> 程序根据此信息设" "置 <envar>$HOME</envar> 环境变量。" -#: passwd.5.xml:131(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:150(para) msgid "" "The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command " "language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute. The " @@ -5028,19 +5057,19 @@ msgstr "" "<command>login</command> 程序使用此信息设置 <envar>$SHELL</envar> 环境变量的" "值。如果字段为空，默认值为 <filename>/bin/sh</filename>。" -#: passwd.5.xml:152(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:171(para) msgid "optional encrypted password file" msgstr "可选的加密后的密码文件" -#: passwd.5.xml:156(filename) +#: passwd.5.xml:175(filename) msgid "/etc/passwd-" msgstr "/etc/passwd-" -#: passwd.5.xml:158(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:177(para) msgid "Backup file for /etc/passwd." msgstr "/etc/passwd 的备份文件。" -#: passwd.5.xml:170(para) +#: passwd.5.xml:189(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>getent</" @@ -5297,7 +5326,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-n</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DAYS</" "replaceable>" -#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:168(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:273(para) chage.1.xml:174(para) msgid "" "Set the minimum number of days between password changes to " "<replaceable>MIN_DAYS</replaceable>. A value of zero for this field " @@ -5384,7 +5413,7 @@ msgstr "" "设置密码仍然有效的最大天数。<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> 之后，密码会" "要求更改。" -#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:189(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:366(para) chage.1.xml:195(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as " "<replaceable>MAX_DAYS</replaceable> will remove checking a password's " @@ -5611,7 +5640,7 @@ msgstr "/etc/pam.d/passwd" msgid "PAM configuration for <command>passwd</command>." msgstr "<command>passwd</command> 的 PAM 配置。" -#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:291(para) +#: passwd.1.xml:456(para) chage.1.xml:297(para) msgid "permission denied" msgstr "权限不够" @@ -5939,15 +5968,15 @@ msgstr "此命令一般用于在大型的应用环境中，对大量账户进行 msgid "The options which apply to the <command>newusers</command> command are:" msgstr "<command>newusers</command> 命令可以使用的选项有：" -#: newusers.8.xml:271(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:283(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:112(term) msgid "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" msgstr "<option>-c</option>, <option>--crypt-method</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:273(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:285(para) chpasswd.8.xml:141(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:114(para) msgid "Use the specified method to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "使用指定的方法加密密码。" -#: newusers.8.xml:274(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:286(para) chpasswd.8.xml:145(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:118(para) msgid "" "The available methods are DES, MD5, NONE, and SHA256 or SHA512 if your libc " "support these methods." @@ -5955,7 +5984,7 @@ msgstr "" "可用的方法有 DES, MD5, NONE, and SHA256 或 SHA512，前提是您的 libc 支持这写方" "法。" -#: newusers.8.xml:296(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:308(para) msgid "" "System users will be created with no aging information in <filename>/etc/" "shadow</filename>, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the " @@ -5965,30 +5994,30 @@ msgid "" "the creation of groups)." msgstr "" -#: newusers.8.xml:322(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) +#: newusers.8.xml:334(term) chgpasswd.8.xml:158(term) msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sha-rounds</option>" msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sha-rounds</option>" -#: newusers.8.xml:324(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:336(para) chpasswd.8.xml:204(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:160(para) msgid "Use the specified number of rounds to encrypt the passwords." msgstr "使用指定次数的轮转来加密密码。" -#: newusers.8.xml:327(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chpasswd.8.xml:207(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:163(para) msgid "" "The value 0 means that the system will choose the default number of rounds " "for the crypt method (5000)." msgstr "值 0 表示让系统为加密方法选择默认的轮转次数 (5000)。" -#: newusers.8.xml:331(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:343(para) chpasswd.8.xml:211(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:167(para) msgid "" "A minimal value of 1000 and a maximal value of 999,999,999 will be enforced." msgstr "会强制最小 1,000，最大 9,9999,9999" -#: newusers.8.xml:335(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:347(para) chpasswd.8.xml:215(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:171(para) msgid "You can only use this option with the SHA256 or SHA512 crypt method." msgstr "您只可以对 SHA256 或 SHA512 使用此选项。" -#: newusers.8.xml:339(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:175(para) msgid "" "By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and " "SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename>." @@ -5996,26 +6025,26 @@ msgstr "" "默认，轮转数由 <filename>/etc/login.defs</filename> 文件中的 " "SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS 和 SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS 变量确定。" -#: newusers.8.xml:351(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:363(para) msgid "" "The input file must be protected since it contains unencrypted passwords." msgstr "输入文件必须受到保护，因为它包含未加密的密码。" -#: newusers.8.xml:355(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:367(para) chgpasswd.8.xml:191(para) msgid "" "You should make sure the passwords and the encryption method respect the " "system's password policy." msgstr "您需要确保你吗和加密方法符合系统的密码策略。" -#: newusers.8.xml:430(filename) +#: newusers.8.xml:442(filename) msgid "/etc/pam.d/newusers" msgstr "/etc/pam.d/newusers" -#: newusers.8.xml:432(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:444(para) msgid "PAM configuration for <command>newusers</command>." msgstr "<command>newusers</command> 的 PAM 配置。" -#: newusers.8.xml:452(para) +#: newusers.8.xml:464(para) #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>group</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</" @@ -7428,7 +7457,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #: lastlog.8.xml:193(title) groups.1.xml:90(title) chsh.1.xml:140(title) -#: chage.1.xml:231(title) +#: chage.1.xml:237(title) msgid "NOTE" msgstr "注意" @@ -8075,7 +8104,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "The superuser can specify which group membership list to modify." msgstr "超级用户可以指定修改哪个组的组成员列表。" -#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:154(term) +#: groupmems.8.xml:148(term) chage.1.xml:160(term) msgid "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" msgstr "<option>-l</option>, <option>--list</option>" @@ -8818,7 +8847,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Force a password change if the current user has an expired password." msgstr "如果用户密码过期，则强制用户修改密码。" -#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:312(para) +#: expiry.1.xml:140(para) chage.1.xml:318(para) msgid "" "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>passwd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></" "citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" @@ -9298,6 +9327,16 @@ msgstr "" "emphasis> 会移除账户的过期日期。" #: chage.1.xml:135(term) +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" +msgid "<option>-i</option>, <option>--iso8601</option>" +msgstr "<option>-s</option>, <option>--sort</option>" + +#: chage.1.xml:137(para) +msgid "When printing dates, use YYYY-MM-DD format." +msgstr "" + +#: chage.1.xml:141(term) msgid "" "<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" @@ -9305,7 +9344,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-I</option>, <option>--inactive</option> <replaceable>INACTIVE</" "replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:139(para) +#: chage.1.xml:145(para) msgid "" "Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the " "account is locked. The <replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> option is the " @@ -9313,7 +9352,7 @@ msgid "" "the system administrator before being able to use the system again." msgstr "" -#: chage.1.xml:146(para) +#: chage.1.xml:152(para) msgid "" "Passing the number <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</emphasis> as the " "<replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> will remove an account's inactivity." @@ -9321,11 +9360,11 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>INACTIVE</replaceable> 设置为 <emphasis remap=\"I\">-1</" "emphasis> 会移除账户禁用功能。" -#: chage.1.xml:158(para) +#: chage.1.xml:164(para) msgid "Show account aging information." msgstr "现实账户年龄信息。" -#: chage.1.xml:164(term) +#: chage.1.xml:170(term) msgid "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DAYS</" "replaceable>" @@ -9333,7 +9372,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-m</option>, <option>--mindays</option> <replaceable>MIN_DAYS</" "replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:176(term) +#: chage.1.xml:182(term) msgid "" "<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option> <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</" "replaceable>" @@ -9341,7 +9380,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-M</option>, <option>--maxdays</option> <replaceable>MAX_DAYS</" "replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:180(para) +#: chage.1.xml:186(para) #, fuzzy msgid "" "Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid. When " @@ -9355,7 +9394,7 @@ msgstr "" "<replaceable>LAST_DAY</replaceable> 小于当前日期时，会要求用户更改密码，否则" "不能使用此账户。" -#: chage.1.xml:209(term) +#: chage.1.xml:215(term) msgid "" "<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option> " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable>" @@ -9363,7 +9402,7 @@ msgstr "" "<option>-W</option>, <option>--warndays</option> " "<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable>" -#: chage.1.xml:213(para) +#: chage.1.xml:219(para) #, fuzzy msgid "" "Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The " @@ -9373,7 +9412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "设置在要求更改密码之前几天开始警告。<replaceable>WARN_DAYS</replaceable> 选项" -#: chage.1.xml:222(para) +#: chage.1.xml:228(para) msgid "" "If none of the options are selected, <command>chage</command> operates in an " "interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of " @@ -9385,13 +9424,13 @@ msgstr "" "前值提示用户。输入一个新值可以更改这些字段，或者留空使用当前值。当前值出现在 " "<emphasis>[ ]</emphasis> 标记对里。" -#: chage.1.xml:232(para) +#: chage.1.xml:238(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> program requires a shadow password file to be " "available." msgstr "<command>chage</command> 需要有一个影子密码文件才可用。" -#: chage.1.xml:236(para) +#: chage.1.xml:242(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command is restricted to the root user, except " "for the <option>-l</option> option, which may be used by an unprivileged " @@ -9400,15 +9439,15 @@ msgstr "" "只有 root 才可以使用 <command>chage</command>，一个特殊情况是 <option>-l</" "option> 选项，用来让非特权用户觉得自己的密码或账户何时过期。" -#: chage.1.xml:301(replaceable) +#: chage.1.xml:307(replaceable) msgid "15" msgstr "15" -#: chage.1.xml:303(para) +#: chage.1.xml:309(para) msgid "can't find the shadow password file" msgstr "无法找到影子密码文件" -#: chage.1.xml:279(para) +#: chage.1.xml:285(para) msgid "" "The <command>chage</command> command exits with the following values: " "<placeholder-1/>" @@ -9438,6 +9477,33 @@ msgstr "YunQiang Su <wzssyqa@gmail.com>, 2010." #~ "您可以使用 <option>--</option> 参数将 <command>su</command> 选项和提供给 " #~ "shell 的参数分隔开来。" +#~ msgid "" +#~ "The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is " +#~ "required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some " +#~ "applications which read the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file may " +#~ "decide not to permit <emphasis>any</emphasis> access at all if the " +#~ "<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is blank. If the <emphasis>password</" +#~ "emphasis> field is a lower-case <quote>x</quote>, then the encrypted " +#~ "password is actually stored in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" +#~ "refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> file instead; there " +#~ "<emphasis>must</emphasis> be a corresponding line in the <filename>/etc/" +#~ "shadow</filename> file, or else the user account is invalid. If the " +#~ "<emphasis>password</emphasis> field is any other string, then it will be " +#~ "treated as an encrypted password, as specified by " +#~ "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</" +#~ "manvolnum></citerefentry>." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "加密的密码字段可以为空，此时使用指定的登录名登录时不会要求认证。然而，如" +#~ "果 <emphasis>password</emphasis> 为空，一些读取 <filename>/etc/passwd</" +#~ "filename> 文件的程序可能会不允许 <emphasis>任何</emphasis> 访问。如果 " +#~ "<emphasis>password</emphasis> 字段是一个小写的 <quote>x</quote>，那么加密" +#~ "的密码实际上存储于 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>shadow</" +#~ "refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> 中；在 <filename>/" +#~ "etc/shadow</filename> 文件中 <emphasis>必须</emphasis> 有对应的行，否则用" +#~ "户账户就会无效。如果 <emphasis>password</emphasis> 字段是其他任何字符串，" +#~ "将会被视为加密过的密码，如 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</" +#~ "refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> 中的说明。" + #~ msgid "-M" #~ msgstr "-M" diff --git a/man/pt_BR/Makefile.in b/man/pt_BR/Makefile.in index db10f787..d418e561 100644 --- a/man/pt_BR/Makefile.in +++ b/man/pt_BR/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -176,6 +176,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -198,6 +199,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -243,6 +245,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -335,8 +338,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(top_builddir)/config.status: $(top_srcdir)/configure $(CONFIG_STATUS_DEPENDENCIES) @@ -489,7 +492,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ diff --git a/man/pwck.8.xml b/man/pwck.8.xml index 25952df5..bc99605f 100644 --- a/man/pwck.8.xml +++ b/man/pwck.8.xml @@ -183,6 +183,16 @@ </para> <variablelist remap='IP'> <varlistentry> + <term> + <option>--badname</option> + </term> + <listitem> + <para> + Allow names that do not conform to standards. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> <term><option>-h</option>, <option>--help</option></term> <listitem> <para>Display help message and exit.</para> diff --git a/man/ru/Makefile.in b/man/ru/Makefile.in index e6bf8c1d..e92688f6 100644 --- a/man/ru/Makefile.in +++ b/man/ru/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -202,6 +203,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -247,6 +249,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -338,7 +341,7 @@ LANG = $(notdir $(CURDIR)) @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@USE_SHA_CRYPT_TRUE@SHA_CRYPT_COND = sha_crypt @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_FALSE@SUBIDS_COND = no_subids @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_TRUE@SUBIDS_COND = subids -CLEANFILES = .xml2po.mo $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml +CLEANFILES = messages.mo login.defs.d $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml all: all-am .SUFFIXES: @@ -359,8 +362,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(srcdir)/../generate_translations.mak $(srcdir)/../generate_mans.mak $(am__empty): @@ -557,7 +560,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ @@ -718,8 +724,19 @@ uninstall-man: uninstall-man1 uninstall-man3 uninstall-man5 \ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ $(MAKE) -C .. config.xml @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ cp ../config.xml $@ -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml ../po/$(LANG).po -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ xml2po --expand-all-entities -l $(LANG) -p ../po/$(LANG).po -o $@ ../$@ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@messages.mo: ../po/$(LANG).po +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ msgfmt ../po/$(LANG).po -o messages.mo + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@login.defs.d: +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ ln -sf ../login.defs.d login.defs.d + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml messages.mo login.defs.d +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ if grep -q SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE $< ; then \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE -->/<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ else \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^\(<!DOCTYPE .*docbookx.dtd"\)>/\1 [<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;]>/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ fi +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ itstool -d -l $(LANG) -m messages.mo -o . $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -i 's:\(^<refentry .*\)>:\1 lang="$(LANG)">:' $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml-config: %.xml diff --git a/man/ru/man1/chage.1 b/man/ru/man1/chage.1 index ef8d01a9..2a168756 100644 --- a/man/ru/man1/chage.1 +++ b/man/ru/man1/chage.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chage .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Пользовательские команды -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "chage" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Пользовательские команды" +.TH "chage" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Пользовательские команды" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,28 +34,29 @@ chage \- изменяет информацию об устаревании па \fBchage\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] \fIУЧЁТНАЯ_ЗАПИСЬ\fR .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBchage\fR -изменяет количество дней между датой смены пароля и датой последней смены пароля\&. Эта информация используется системой для определения момента, когда пользователь должен сменить свой пароль\&. +command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change\&. This information is used by the system to determine when a user must change their password\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBchage\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBchage\fR +command are: .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-lastday\fR\ \&\fIПОСЛ_ДЕНЬ\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-lastday\fR\ \&\fILAST_DAY\fR .RS 4 Установить число дней прошедших с 1 января 1970 года, когда была последняя смена пароля\&. Дата может быть также указана в виде ГГГГ\-ММ\-ДД (или в форме согласно региональным настройкам)\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-E\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR \fIДАТА_УСТАРЕВАНИЯ\fR +\fB\-E\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 Установить дату устаревания учётной записи пользователя, которая задаётся числом дней прошедших с 1 января 1970 года\&. Дата может быть также задана в виде ГГГГ\-ММ\-ДД (или в форме согласно региональным настройкам)\&. Пользователь, чья учётная запись была заблокирована, должен обратиться к системному администратору, если хочет в дальнейшем работать с системой\&. .sp -Значение +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -в параметре -\fIДАТА_УСТАРЕВАНИЯ\fR -отменяет устаревание учётной записи\&. +as the +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +will remove an account expiration date\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -63,17 +64,22 @@ chage \- изменяет информацию об устаревании па Показать краткую справку и закончить работу\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIДНЕЙ\fR +\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-iso8601\fR +.RS 4 +When printing dates, use YYYY\-MM\-DD format\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 -Установить количество дней неактивности после устаревания пароля перед тем как учётная запись будет заблокирована\&. В параметре -\fIДНЕЙ\fR -задаётся количество дней неактивности\&. Пользователь, чья учётная запись была заблокирована, должен обратиться к системному администратору, если хочет в дальнейшем работать с системой\&. +Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked\&. The +\fIINACTIVE\fR +option is the number of days of inactivity\&. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again\&. .sp -Значение +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -в параметре -\fIДНЕЙ\fR -отменяет неактивность учётной записи\&. +as the +\fIINACTIVE\fR +will remove an account\*(Aqs inactivity\&. .RE .PP \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-list\fR @@ -81,62 +87,66 @@ chage \- изменяет информацию об устаревании па Показать информацию об устаревании учётной записи\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIМИН_ДНЕЙ\fR +\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Задать -\fIминимальное количество дней\fR -между сменами пароля\&. Нулевое значение этого поля указывает на то, что пользователь может менять свой пароль когда захочет\&. +Set the minimum number of days between password changes to +\fIMIN_DAYS\fR\&. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIМАКС_ДНЕЙ\fR +\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Установить максимальное количество дней работоспособности пароля\&. Если сумма значений -\fIМАКС_ДНЕЙ\fR -и -\fIПОСЛ_ДЕНЬ\fR -раньше текущего дня, то пользователю придётся изменить свой пароль перед использованием учётной записи\&. Для того, чтобы это не было неожиданностью можно воспользоваться параметром -\fB\-W\fR, который активирует выдачу предупреждения о смене пароля пользователя заранее\&. +Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid\&. When +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR +plus +\fILAST_DAY\fR +is less than the current day, the user will be required to change their password before being able to use their account\&. This occurrence can be planned for in advance by use of the +\fB\-W\fR +option, which provides the user with advance warning\&. .sp -Значение +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -в параметре -\fIМАКС_ДНЕЙ\fR -отменяет проверку пароля\&. +as +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR +will remove checking a password\*(Aqs validity\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIПРЕДУП_ДНЕЙ\fR +\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Установить количество дней выдачи предупреждения, перед тем как потребуется смена пароля\&. Параметр -\fIПРЕДУП_ДНЕЙ\fR -считается в днях, в течении которых пользователь будет получать предупреждение об устаревании пароля, перед тем как это случится\&. +Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required\&. The +\fIWARN_DAYS\fR +option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned their password is about to expire\&. .RE .PP -Если ни один параметр не указан, то +If none of the options are selected, \fBchage\fR -переходит в интерактивный режим, предлагая запустившему пользователю изменить значения всех полей своей учётной записи\&. Вводимое значение заменяет текущее значение поля; если введена пустая строка, то текущее значение остаётся неизменным\&. Текущее значение показано в скобках -\fI[ ]\fR\&. +operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields\&. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value\&. The current value is displayed between a pair of +\fI[ ]\fR +marks\&. .SH "ЗАМЕЧАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBchage\fR -требует наличия файла теневых паролей\&. +program requires a shadow password file to be available\&. .PP -Программа +The \fBchage\fR -работает только от суперпользователя, за исключением вызова с параметром -\fB\-l\fR, который может использоваться непривилегированным пользователем для определения даты устаревания своего пароля\&. +command is restricted to the root user, except for the +\fB\-l\fR +option, which may be used by an unprivileged user to determine when their password or account is due to expire\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP /etc/passwd @@ -150,28 +160,28 @@ chage \- изменяет информацию об устаревании па .RE .SH "ВОЗВРАЩАЕМЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ" .PP -Программа +The \fBchage\fR -завершая работу, возвращает следующие значения: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -успешное выполнение +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -доступ запрещён +permission denied .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -ошибка в параметрах команды +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI15\fR .RS 4 -не удалось найти файл теневых паролей +can\*(Aqt find the shadow password file .RE .SH "СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ" .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man1/chfn.1 b/man/ru/man1/chfn.1 index d32fce2d..1390597c 100644 --- a/man/ru/man1/chfn.1 +++ b/man/ru/man1/chfn.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chfn .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Пользовательские команды -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "chfn" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Пользовательские команды" +.TH "chfn" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Пользовательские команды" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,51 +34,53 @@ chfn \- изменяет информацию о пользователе \fBchfn\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] [\fIУЧЁТНАЯ_ЗАПИСЬ\fR] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBchfn\fR -изменяет ФИО, рабочий телефон, рабочий номер комнаты, рабочий и домашний номер телефона для учётной записи пользователя\&. Обычно, эти данные выводятся командой +command changes user fullname, office room number, office phone number, and home phone number information for a user\*(Aqs account\&. This information is typically printed by \fBfinger\fR(1) -и ей подобными программами\&. Обычный пользователь может изменить только определённые данные собственной учётной записи, разрешённые в файле -/etc/login\&.defs -(настройкой по умолчанию пользователю не разрешается менять своё имя и фамилию)\&. Суперпользователь может изменять любые данные любой учётной записи\&. Кроме того, только суперпользователь может использовать параметр +and similar programs\&. A normal user may only change the fields for her own account, subject to the restrictions in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. (The default configuration is to prevent users from changing their fullname\&.) The superuser may change any field for any account\&. Additionally, only the superuser may use the \fB\-o\fR -для изменения нестандартизованной части данных GECOS\&. +option to change the undefined portions of the GECOS field\&. .PP -Части поля GECOS не должны содержать двоеточий\&. За исключением части -\fIдругая\fR, в них не должно содержаться запятых и знаков равно\&. Также рекомендуется избегать символов не в кодировке US\-ASCII, но это касается только номеров телефонов\&. Часть -\fIдругая\fR -используется для хранения информации об учётной записи, которая используется другими приложениями\&. +These fields must not contain any colons\&. Except for the +\fIother\fR +field, they should not contain any comma or equal sign\&. It is also recommended to avoid non\-US\-ASCII characters, but this is only enforced for the phone numbers\&. The +\fIother\fR +field is used to store accounting information used by other applications\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBchfn\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBchfn\fR +command are: .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-full\-name\fR\ \&\fIФИО\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-full\-name\fR\ \&\fIFULL_NAME\fR .RS 4 Изменяет ФИО пользователя\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-home\-phone\fR\ \&\fIДОМАШНИЙ_ТЕЛЕФОН\fR +\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-home\-phone\fR\ \&\fIHOME_PHONE\fR .RS 4 Изменяет номер домашнего телефона пользователя\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-other\fR\ \&\fIДРУГАЯ\fR +\fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-other\fR\ \&\fIOTHER\fR .RS 4 Изменяет другую информацию GECOS о пользователе\&. Эта часть используется для хранения информации об учётной записи, используемой другими приложениями, и может изменяться только суперпользователем\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-room\fR\ \&\fIНОМЕР_КОМНАТЫ\fR +\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-room\fR\ \&\fIROOM_NUMBER\fR .RS 4 Изменяет номер комнаты пользователя\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -86,55 +88,62 @@ chfn \- изменяет информацию о пользователе Показать краткую справку и закончить работу\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-work\-phone\fR\ \&\fIРАБОЧИЙ_ТЕЛЕФОН\fR +\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-work\-phone\fR\ \&\fIWORK_PHONE\fR .RS 4 Изменяет номер рабочего телефона пользователя\&. .RE .PP -Если ни один параметр не указан, то +If none of the options are selected, \fBchfn\fR -переходит в интерактивный режим, предлагая запустившему пользователю изменить данные своей учётной записи\&. Вводимое значение заменяет текущее значение записи; если введена пустая строка, то текущее значение остаётся неизменным\&. Текущее значение показано в скобках -\fB[ ]\fR\&. При вызове без параметров программа +operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields\&. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value\&. The current value is displayed between a pair of +\fB[ ]\fR +marks\&. Without options, \fBchfn\fR -изменяет учётную запись запустившего пользователя\&. +prompts for the current user account\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (логический) +\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Если равно yes, chfn +If +\fIyes\fR, the +\fBchfn\fR +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (строка) +\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (string) .RS 4 -Этим параметром определяются части поля +This parameter specifies which values in the \fIgecos\fR -в файле -/etc/passwd, которые могут изменять обычные пользователи с помощью программы -\fBchfn\fR\&. Строка может содержать любую комбинацию букв +field of the +/etc/passwd +file may be changed by regular users using the +\fBchfn\fR +program\&. It can be any combination of letters \fIf\fR, \fIr\fR, \fIw\fR, -\fIh\fR -для изменения полного имени пользователя, номера комнаты, рабочего и домашнего телефона, соответственно\&. Для совместимости значение +\fIh\fR, for Full name, Room number, Work phone, and Home phone, respectively\&. For backward compatibility, \fIyes\fR -эквивалентно +is equivalent to \fIrwh\fR -и +and \fIno\fR -эквивалентно -\fIfrwh\fR\&. Если ничего не задано, то только суперпользователь может выполнять любые изменения\&. Наиболее ограничительная настройка достигается снятием SUID бита с файла -chfn\&. +is equivalent to +\fIfrwh\fR\&. If not specified, only the superuser can make any changes\&. The most restrictive setting is better achieved by not installing +\fBchfn\fR +SUID\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (строка) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 Строка\-приглашение к вводу пароля\&. Значение по умолчанию: \(FoPassword:\(Fc или перевод этой строки на разные языки\&. Если вы измените эту переменную, то перевод будет отсутствовать\&. .sp -Если в строке содержится подстрока -\fI%s\fR, то она будет заменена на имя пользователя\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man1/chsh.1 b/man/ru/man1/chsh.1 index eaa2abd1..5588a6b6 100644 --- a/man/ru/man1/chsh.1 +++ b/man/ru/man1/chsh.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chsh .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Пользовательские команды -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "chsh" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Пользовательские команды" +.TH "chsh" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Пользовательские команды" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,65 +34,69 @@ chsh \- изменяет регистрационную оболочку пол \fBchsh\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] [\fIУЧЁТНАЯ_ЗАПИСЬ\fR] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBchsh\fR -изменяет регистрационную оболочку пользователя\&. Она определяет какая команда будет запущена после регистрации пользователя в системе\&. Обычный пользователь может изменять регистрационную оболочку только для своей учётной записи; суперпользователь может изменять регистрационную оболочку любой учётной записи\&. +command changes the user login shell\&. This determines the name of the user\*(Aqs initial login command\&. A normal user may only change the login shell for her own account; the superuser may change the login shell for any account\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBchsh\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBchsh\fR +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 Показать краткую справку и закончить работу\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fIОБОЛОЧКА\fR +\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR .RS 4 Имя новой регистрационной оболочки пользователя\&. Если задать пустое значение, то будет использована регистрационная оболочка по умолчанию\&. .RE .PP -Если параметр +If the \fB\-s\fR -не задан, то +option is not selected, \fBchsh\fR -переходит в интерактивный режим, предлагая пользователю изменить свою регистрационную оболочку\&. Вводимое значение заменяет текущее значение поля; если введена пустая строка, то текущее значение остаётся неизменным\&. Текущее значение регистрационной оболочки указано в скобках -\fI[ ]\fR\&. +operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current login shell\&. Enter the new value to change the shell, or leave the line blank to use the current one\&. The current shell is displayed between a pair of +\fI[ ]\fR +marks\&. .SH "ЗАМЕЧАНИЕ" .PP -Все допустимые имена регистрационных оболочек должны быть указаны в файле -/etc/shells\&. На суперпользователя это ограничение не действует и поэтому ему разрешено указывать любое значение\&. Для учётной записи с ограниченной регистрационной оболочкой пользователь не может изменить свою регистрационную оболочку\&. Поэтому +The only restriction placed on the login shell is that the command name must be listed in +/etc/shells, unless the invoker is the superuser, and then any value may be added\&. An account with a restricted login shell may not change her login shell\&. For this reason, placing /bin/rsh -в файле +in /etc/shells -лучше не указывать, так как, если пользователь случайно изменит свою регистрационную оболочку на эту ограниченную оболочку, то не сможет восстановить её первоначальное значение\&. +is discouraged since accidentally changing to a restricted shell would prevent the user from ever changing her login shell back to its original value\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (логический) +\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Если равно -\fIyes\fR, то программа +If +\fIyes\fR, the \fBchsh\fR -будет проводить аутентификацию перед тем как выполнить любые изменения, в случае если команда не запущены суперпользователем\&. +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (строка) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 Строка\-приглашение к вводу пароля\&. Значение по умолчанию: \(FoPassword:\(Fc или перевод этой строки на разные языки\&. Если вы измените эту переменную, то перевод будет отсутствовать\&. .sp -Если в строке содержится подстрока -\fI%s\fR, то она будет заменена на имя пользователя\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man1/expiry.1 b/man/ru/man1/expiry.1 index 12e29862..d4205d34 100644 --- a/man/ru/man1/expiry.1 +++ b/man/ru/man1/expiry.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: expiry .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Пользовательские команды -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "expiry" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Пользовательские команды" +.TH "expiry" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Пользовательские команды" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,15 +34,14 @@ expiry \- проверяет и изменяет пароль согласно \fBexpiry\fR \fIпараметр\fR .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBexpiry\fR -проверяет (параметр -\fB\-c\fR) сколько ещё времени будет работоспособен текущий пароль и вынуждает изменить его (параметр -\fB\-f\fR), если это требуется\&. Она может запускаться обычным пользователем\&. +command checks (\fB\-c\fR) the current password expiration and forces (\fB\-f\fR) changes when required\&. It is callable as a normal user command\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBexpiry\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBexpiry\fR +command are: .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-check\fR .RS 4 diff --git a/man/ru/man1/gpasswd.1 b/man/ru/man1/gpasswd.1 index 3a035d45..b8b49e55 100644 --- a/man/ru/man1/gpasswd.1 +++ b/man/ru/man1/gpasswd.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: gpasswd .\" Author: Rafal Maszkowski .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Пользовательские команды -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "gpasswd" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Пользовательские команды" +.TH "gpasswd" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Пользовательские команды" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -28,61 +28,63 @@ .\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE * .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .SH "НАЗВАНИЕ" -gpasswd \- управление /etc/group и /etc/gshadow +gpasswd \- administer /etc/group and /etc/gshadow .SH "СИНТАКСИС" .HP \w'\fBgpasswd\fR\ 'u \fBgpasswd\fR [\fIпараметр\fR] \fIгруппа\fR .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBgpasswd\fR -используется для управления файлом -/etc/group -и /etc/gshadow\&. В каждой группе могут быть определены -администраторы, -члены и пароль\&. +command is used to administer +/etc/group, and /etc/gshadow\&. Every group can have +administrators, +members and a password\&. .PP -Системные администраторы могут использовать параметр -\fB\-A\fR, чтобы назначить группе администратора(ов) и параметр +System administrators can use the +\fB\-A\fR +option to define group administrator(s) and the \fB\-M\fR -для определения списка членов, а также имеют все права администраторов и членов группы\&. +option to define members\&. They have all rights of group administrators and members\&. .PP -Программа -\fBgpasswd\fR, запущенная -администратором группы -с указанием в командной строке только имени группы, предложит назначить пароль -\fIгруппе\fR\&. +\fBgpasswd\fR +called by +a group administrator +with a group name only prompts for the new password of the +\fIgroup\fR\&. .PP -Если пароль не пустой, то для членов группы вызов +If a password is set the members can still use \fBnewgrp\fR(1) -пароля не требует, а не члены группы должны ввести пароль\&. +without a password, and non\-members must supply the password\&. .SS "Замечания о паролях групп" .PP Пароли групп имеют врождённую проблему с безопасностью, так как пароль знает более одного человека\&. Однако, группы являются полезным инструментом совместной работы различных пользователей\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -За исключением параметров +Except for the \fB\-A\fR -и -\fB\-M\fR, параметры нельзя использовать вместе\&. +and +\fB\-M\fR +options, the options cannot be combined\&. .PP -Параметры команды -\fBgpasswd\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBgpasswd\fR +command are: .PP -\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIпользователь\fR +\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR .RS 4 -Добавить -\fIпользователя\fR -в указанную -\fIгруппу\fR\&. +Add the +\fIuser\fR +to the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fIпользователь\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR .RS 4 -Удалить -\fIпользователя\fR -из указанной -\fIгруппы\fR\&. +Remove the +\fIuser\fR +from the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -90,70 +92,73 @@ gpasswd \- управление /etc/group и /etc/gshadow Показать краткую справку и закончить работу\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-Q\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-Q\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-remove\-password\fR .RS 4 -Удалить пароль указанной -\fIгруппы\fR\&. Пароль группы будет пустым\&. Только члены группы смогут использовать +Remove the password from the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. The group password will be empty\&. Only group members will be allowed to use \fBnewgrp\fR -для входа в указанную -\fIгруппу\fR\&. +to join the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-restrict\fR .RS 4 -Ограничить доступ к указанной -\fIгруппе\fR\&. Пароль группы становится равным \(Fo!\(Fc\&. Только члены группы имеющие пароль смогут использовать +Restrict the access to the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. The group password is set to "!"\&. Only group members with a password will be allowed to use \fBnewgrp\fR -для входа в указанную -\fIгруппу\fR\&. +to join the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-A\fR, \fB\-\-administrators\fR \fIпользователь\fR, \&... +\fB\-A\fR, \fB\-\-administrators\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR,\&.\&.\&. .RS 4 Задать список администраторов группы\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-members\fR\ \&\fIпользователь\fR, \&... +\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-members\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR,\&.\&.\&. .RS 4 Задать список членов группы\&. .RE .SH "ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ" .PP -Данная утилита работает только с файлом +This tool only operates on the /etc/group -и /etc/gshadow\&. -Она не может изменить группу NIS или LDAP, это нужно делать на соответствующем сервере\&. +and /etc/gshadow files\&. +Thus you cannot change any NIS or LDAP group\&. This must be performed on the corresponding server\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (строка) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Задаёт системный алгоритм шифрования по умолчанию для шифрования паролей (используется, если алгоритм не указан в командной строке)\&. .sp -Возможны следующие значения: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(по умолчанию), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Замечание: этот параметр переопределяет переменную -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (число) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Максимальное количество членов в записи о группе\&. При достижения максимума заводится новая запись группы (строка) в +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(с тем же именем, паролем и тем же GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет\&. .sp @@ -164,29 +169,30 @@ gpasswd \- управление /etc/group и /etc/gshadow Замечание: разделение групп поддерживается не всеми инструментами (даже в наборе инструментов Shadow)\&. Вы не должны использовать эту переменную, если вам действительно это ненужно\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Обозначает, что пароль должен быть зашифрован по алгоритму на основе MD5\&. Если значение равно -\fIyes\fR, то новые пароли будут зашифрованы по алгоритму на основе MD5, совместимому с используемым в новых версиях FreeBSD\&. Он поддерживает пароли неограниченной длины и имеет более длинную строку соли\&. Установите в -\fIno\fR, если вам нужно копировать шифрованные пароли в другие системы, которые не поддерживают новый алгоритм\&. По умолчанию +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Эта переменная переопределяется переменной +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -или любым параметром командной строки, который задаёт алгоритм шифрования\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Эта переменная устарела; используйте +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (число), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (число) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Если значение +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -равно +is set to \fISHA256\fR -или -\fISHA512\fR, эта переменная определяет количество раундов SHA, используемых алгоритмом шифрования по умолчанию (если количество раундов не задано в командной строке)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Увеличение количества раундов повышает сложность подбора пароля простым перебором\&. Но заметим, что при этом для аутентификации пользователей требуется большее количество процессорных ресурсов\&. .sp @@ -194,16 +200,16 @@ gpasswd \- управление /etc/group и /etc/gshadow .sp Значения должны лежать в диапазоне 1000\-999999999\&. .sp -Если задано какое\-то одно значение \(em +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -или +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -\(em то будет использовано это значение\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Если +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, то используется большее значение\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man1/groups.1 b/man/ru/man1/groups.1 index 9937315d..e56bdea4 100644 --- a/man/ru/man1/groups.1 +++ b/man/ru/man1/groups.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groups .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Пользовательские команды -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "groups" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Пользовательские команды" +.TH "groups" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Пользовательские команды" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,20 +34,22 @@ groups \- показывает имена групп запустившего п \fBgroups\fR [\fIимя\fR] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Команда +The \fBgroups\fR -показывает имена групп запустившего программу пользователя или их числовые идентификаторы (ID)\&. Если для номера группы нет соответствующей записи в файле -/etc/group, то отображается числовое значение\&. При указании необязательного параметра -\fIимя\fR -выводятся группы для учётной записи с указанным -\fIименем\fR\&. +command displays the current group names or ID values\&. If the value does not have a corresponding entry in +/etc/group, the value will be displayed as the numerical group value\&. The optional +\fIuser\fR +parameter will display the groups for the named +\fIuser\fR\&. .SH "ЗАМЕЧАНИЕ" .PP -В системах, не имеющих поддержки одновременного членства в нескольких группах, используется информация из файла -/etc/group\&. Для смены своей текущей реальной или эффективной группы пользователь должен использовать команды +Systems which do not support concurrent group sets will have the information from +/etc/group +reported\&. The user must use \fBnewgrp\fR -или -\fBsg\fR\&. +or +\fBsg\fR +to change his current real and effective group ID\&. .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP /etc/group diff --git a/man/ru/man1/id.1 b/man/ru/man1/id.1 index 3e713ead..7d643ff5 100644 --- a/man/ru/man1/id.1 +++ b/man/ru/man1/id.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: id .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Пользовательские команды -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "id" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Пользовательские команды" +.TH "id" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Пользовательские команды" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/ru/man1/login.1 b/man/ru/man1/login.1 index 66acb88e..965ceff0 100644 --- a/man/ru/man1/login.1 +++ b/man/ru/man1/login.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Пользовательские команды -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "login" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Пользовательские команды" +.TH "login" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Пользовательские команды" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,75 +31,78 @@ login \- начинает сеанс в системе .SH "СИНТАКСИС" .HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u -\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIузел\fR] [\fIимя_пользователя\fR] [\fIПЕРЕМЕННАЯ_ОКРУЖЕНИЯ=ЗНАЧЕНИЕ\fR...] +\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIhost\fR] [\fIимя_пользователя\fR] [\fIПЕРЕМЕННАЯ_ОКРУЖЕНИЯ=ЗНАЧЕНИЕ\fR...] .HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u -\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIузел\fR] \-f \fIимя_пользователя\fR +\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIhost\fR] \-f \fIимя_пользователя\fR .HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u -\fBlogin\fR [\-p] \-r\ \fIузел\fR +\fBlogin\fR [\-p] \-r\ \fIhost\fR .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBlogin\fR -используется для запуска нового сеанса в системе\&. Как правило, эта программа вызывается автоматически и выводит приглашение +program is used to establish a new session with the system\&. It is normally invoked automatically by responding to the \fIlogin:\fR -на терминал пользователя\&. Программа +prompt on the user\*(Aqs terminal\&. \fBlogin\fR -может восприниматься оболочкой командной строки не как простая программа и вызываться не как подпроцесс\&. При вызове из оболочки +may be special to the shell and may not be invoked as a sub\-process\&. When called from a shell, \fBlogin\fR -должна запускаться посредством вызова -\fBexec login\fR, что приводит к завершению работы пользователя в текущей оболочке (и, таким образом, вновь входящий в систему пользователь не попадёт в сеанс вызвавшего)\&. Попытка запустить +should be executed as +\fBexec login\fR +which will cause the user to exit from the current shell (and thus will prevent the new logged in user to return to the session of the caller)\&. Attempting to execute \fBlogin\fR -из любой оболочки, отличной от регистрационной, приводит к сообщению об ошибке\&. +from any shell but the login shell will produce an error message\&. .PP -В какой\-то момент пользователя попросят ввести свой пароль\&. Чтобы не допустить раскрытия, символы при вводе пароля не отображаются\&. Разрешено очень маленькое количество попыток ввода неправильного пароля, перед тем как +The user is then prompted for a password, where appropriate\&. Echoing is disabled to prevent revealing the password\&. Only a small number of password failures are permitted before \fBlogin\fR -закончит работу и прервёт подключение\&. +exits and the communications link is severed\&. .PP -Если включён механизм устаревания пароля учётной записи, то перед входом в систему может потребоваться смена пароля\&. Для этого нужно ввести старый пароль и новый пароль\&. Подробней об этом написано в -\fBpasswd\fR(1)\&. +If password aging has been enabled for your account, you may be prompted for a new password before proceeding\&. You will be forced to provide your old password and the new password before continuing\&. Please refer to +\fBpasswd\fR(1) +for more information\&. .PP -После успешного входа в систему, будут показаны сообщения от системы и о наличии почты\&. Можно отключить вывод файла системных сообщений из файла -/etc/motd, создав в домашнем каталоге файл нулевой длины с именем -\&.hushlogin\&. Сообщение о наличии почты может быть одним из: \(Fo\fIУ вас есть новая почта\&.\fR\(Fc, \(Fo\fIУ вас есть почта\&.\fR\(Fc или \(Fo\fIУ вас нет почты\&.\fR\(Fc, в зависимости от наполненности почтового ящика\&. +After a successful login, you will be informed of any system messages and the presence of mail\&. You may turn off the printing of the system message file, +/etc/motd, by creating a zero\-length file +\&.hushlogin +in your login directory\&. The mail message will be one of "\fIYou have new mail\&.\fR", "\fIYou have mail\&.\fR", or "\fINo Mail\&.\fR" according to the condition of your mailbox\&. .PP -Значение идентификатора учётной записи и группы будет взято из файла -/etc/passwd\&. Значения переменных +Your user and group ID will be set according to their values in the +/etc/passwd +file\&. The value for \fB$HOME\fR, \fB$SHELL\fR, \fB$PATH\fR, -\fB$LOGNAME\fR -и +\fB$LOGNAME\fR, and \fB$MAIL\fR -устанавливаются согласно соответствующим полям учётной записи пользователя\&. Также могут быть установлены значения ulimit, umask и nice из поля GECOS\&. +are set according to the appropriate fields in the password entry\&. Ulimit, umask and nice values may also be set according to entries in the GECOS field\&. .PP -В некоторых системах переменной окружения +On some installations, the environmental variable \fB$TERM\fR -будет присвоен тип терминала линии tty, согласно данным из файла +will be initialized to the terminal type on your tty line, as specified in /etc/ttytype\&. .PP Также может быть выполнен сценарий инициализации пользовательского интерпретатора команд\&. Подробней об этой функции смотрите соответствующую справочную страницу\&. .PP Субсистемный вход в систему можно распознать по наличию символа \(Fo*\(Fc в начале регистрационной оболочки\&. Заданный домашний каталог будет использован как корень новой файловой системы, в которой регистрируется пользователь\&. .PP -Программа +The \fBlogin\fR -НЕ удаляет записи о пользователях из файла utmp\&. Эта задача программ +program is NOT responsible for removing users from the utmp file\&. It is the responsibility of \fBgetty\fR(8) -и +and \fBinit\fR(8) -\(em удалять записи о владельце терминального сеанса\&. Если +to clean up apparent ownership of a terminal session\&. If you use \fBlogin\fR -запускается из командной строки без -\fBexec\fR, то пользователь продолжает находиться в системе даже после завершения работы в \(Foпорождённом сеансе\(Fc\&. +from the shell prompt without +\fBexec\fR, the user you use will continue to appear to be logged in even after you log out of the "subsession"\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP \fB\-f\fR .RS 4 Не выполнять аутентификацию, пользователь уже прошёл проверку\&. .sp -Замечание: в этом случае -\fIимя_пользователя\fR -обязательно\&. +Note: In that case, +\fIusername\fR +is mandatory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR @@ -117,42 +120,42 @@ login \- начинает сеанс в системе Выполнить протокол autologin для rlogin\&. .RE .PP -Параметры +The \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-h\fR -и +and \fB\-f\fR -используются только если +options are only used when \fBlogin\fR -запускается суперпользователем\&. +is invoked by root\&. .SH "ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ" .PP -Данная версия +This version of \fBlogin\fR -может быть собрана с разными параметрами и только некоторые из них смогут быть использованы на любой машине\&. +has many compilation options, only some of which may be in use at any particular site\&. .PP Расположение файлов может отличаться на разных системах\&. .PP -Программа +The \fBlogin\fR -НЕ удаляет записи о пользователях из файла utmp\&. Эта задача программ +program is NOT responsible for removing users from the utmp file\&. It is the responsibility of \fBgetty\fR(8) -и +and \fBinit\fR(8) -\(em удалять записи о владельце терминального сеанса\&. Если +to clean up apparent ownership of a terminal session\&. If you use \fBlogin\fR -запускается из командной строки без -\fBexec\fR, то пользователь продолжает находиться в системе даже после завершения работы в \(Foпорождённом сеансе\(Fc\&. +from the shell prompt without +\fBexec\fR, the user you use will continue to appear to be logged in even after you log out of the "subsession"\&. .PP -Как и для любой программы, запуск -\fBlogin\fR -может быть подделан\&. Если неуполномоченные пользователи имеют физический доступ к машине, то атакующий может использовать это для получения пароля следующего человека, который будет работать за машиной\&. Под Linux пользователи могут использовать механизм SAK для установления достоверного пути и таким образом предотвращения атаки\&. +As with any program, +\fBlogin\fR\*(Aqs appearance can be faked\&. If non\-trusted users have physical access to a machine, an attacker could use this to obtain the password of the next person coming to sit in front of the machine\&. Under Linux, the SAK mechanism can be used by users to initiate a trusted path and prevent this kind of attack\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCONSOLE\fR (строка) +\fBCONSOLE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то значение равно или полному пути к файлу с именами устройств (одно на строку), или списку имён устройств, перечисленных через \(Fo:\(Fc\&. Вход суперпользователя будет разрешён только с этих устройств\&. .sp @@ -161,29 +164,29 @@ login \- начинает сеанс в системе Устройства должны указываться без начального префикса /dev/\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (строка) +\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (string) .RS 4 -Список групп для добавления к набору пользовательских дополнительных групп при входе с консоли (определяемой переменной CONSOLE)\&. По умолчанию не указана\&. +List of groups to add to the user\*(Aqs supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting)\&. Default is none\&. -Используйте осторожно \(em может дать пользователям постоянный доступ к этим группам, даже если они не входили с консоли\&. +Use with caution \- it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console\&. .RE .PP -\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (логический) +\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Определяет, можно ли войти в систему, если нельзя выполнить cd в домашний каталог\&. По умолчанию \(Fono\(Fc\&. .sp -Если равно -\fIyes\fR, то пользователь будет попадать в корневой каталог (/), если невозможно выполнить cd в его домашний каталог\&. +If set to +\fIyes\fR, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (строка) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Если установлена, то будет использоваться для определения переменной окружения HZ при входе пользователя в систему\&. Значение должно начинаться с -\fIHZ=\fR\&. Обычное значение для Linux \(em +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_PATH\fR (строка) +\fBENV_PATH\fR (string) .RS 4 If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular user login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example \fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by @@ -191,7 +194,7 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular u \fIPATH=/bin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (строка) +\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (string) .RS 4 If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superuser login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example \fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by @@ -199,28 +202,28 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus \fIPATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (строка) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Если установлена, то будет использоваться для определения переменной окружения TZ при входе пользователя\&. Значение может быть равно имени часового пояса, начинающегося +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -(например, -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), или полному пути к файлу с параметрами часового пояса (например, +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Если указан полный путь, но файл не существует или недоступен для чтения, то используется значение по умолчанию: +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use \fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если этот файл существует и доступ для чтения, то из него читает регистрационное окружение\&. Каждая строка должна иметь формат: имя=значение\&. .sp Строки, начинающиеся с #, считаются комментарием и игнорируются\&. .RE .PP -\fBERASECHAR\fR (число) +\fBERASECHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Символ ERASE у терминала (\fI010\fR +Terminal ERASE character (\fI010\fR = backspace, \fI0177\fR = DEL)\&. @@ -228,198 +231,200 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus Значение может начинаться с \(Fo0\(Fc при указании значения в восьмеричной системе счисления или \(Fo0x\(Fc при указании значения в шестнадцатеричной системе счисления\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (число) +\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (number) .RS 4 Задержка в секундах перед повторной попыткой после неудачного входа\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Включить протоколирование и показ информации о неудачных входах из -/var/log/faillog\&. +Enable logging and display of +/var/log/faillog +login failure info\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (строка) +\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (string) .RS 4 -Если установлена, то программа +If set, \fBlogin\fR -запустит указанную оболочку вместо пользовательской оболочки заданной в +will execute this shell instead of the users\*(Aq shell specified in /etc/passwd\&. .RE .PP -\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то неудачные попытки входа будут протоколироваться в этот файл в формате utmp\&. .RE .PP -\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то этот файл может заблокировать все обычные переговоры (chatter) при входе\&. Если указан полный путь к файлу, то будет включён сокращённый (hushed) режим, если в этом файле указано имя пользователя или оболочка\&. Если указан не полный путь, то будет включён сокращённый (hushed) режим, если файл находится в домашнем каталоге пользователя\&. .RE .PP -\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то этот файл будет показан перед каждым появлением приглашения на вход\&. .RE .PP -\fBKILLCHAR\fR (число) +\fBKILLCHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Символ KILL у терминала (\fI025\fR +Terminal KILL character (\fI025\fR = CTRL/U)\&. .sp Значение может начинаться с \(Fo0\(Fc при указании значения в восьмеричной системе счисления или \(Fo0x\(Fc при указании значения в шестнадцатеричной системе счисления\&. .RE .PP -\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включить протоколирование и показ информации о времени входа из /var/log/lastlog\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (число) +\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное количество попыток входа при вводе неверного пароля\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (строка) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 Строка\-приглашение к вводу пароля\&. Значение по умолчанию: \(FoPassword:\(Fc или перевод этой строки на разные языки\&. Если вы измените эту переменную, то перевод будет отсутствовать\&. .sp -Если в строке содержится подстрока -\fI%s\fR, то она будет заменена на имя пользователя\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (число) +\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное время в секундах, отведённое на вход\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (логический) +\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включить протоколирование успешных входов\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включить показ неизвестных имён пользователей при записи неудачных попыток входа\&. .sp Замечание: протоколирование неизвестных имён пользователя может привести к проблемам с безопасностью, если пользователь введёт свой пароль вместо своего имени\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включает проверку и показ состояния почтового ящика при входе\&. .sp Вы должны выключить это, если почтовый ящик проверяется из файлов автозапуска оболочки (\(Fomailx \-e\(Fc или похожей командой)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (строка) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 Почтовый каталог\&. Данный параметр нужен для управления почтовым ящиком при изменении или удалении учётной записи пользователя\&. Если параметр не задан, то используется значение указанное при сборке\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Определяет расположение почтовых файлов пользователя относительно домашнего каталога\&. .RE .PP -Переменные +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -и +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -используются командами +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -и +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -для создания, перемещения или удаления почты пользователя\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Если значение +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -равно -\fIyes\fR, то они также используются для определения переменной окружения -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то при входе будет показано \(Foсообщение дня\(Fc из файла со списком значений, разделённых \(Fo:\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, значение равно имени файла, чьё существование запретит вход для не суперпользователей\&. В файле должно содержаться сообщение, описывающее почему запрещён вход\&. .RE .PP -\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Включить проверку временных ограничений, заданных в +Enable checking of time restrictions specified in /etc/porttime\&. .RE .PP -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Включает установку ограничений ресурсов из +Enable setting of resource limits from /etc/limits -и ulimit, umask и niceness из поля gecos файла passwd\&. +and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYGROUP\fR (строка), \fBTTYPERM\fR (строка) +\fBTTYGROUP\fR (string), \fBTTYPERM\fR (string) .RS 4 -Права терминала: tty входа будет принадлежать группе -\fBTTYGROUP\fR, а права будут назначены в соответствии с +The terminal permissions: the login tty will be owned by the +\fBTTYGROUP\fR +group, and the permissions will be set to \fBTTYPERM\fR\&. .sp -По умолчанию, терминалом владеет первичная группа пользователя, а права устанавливаются в +By default, the ownership of the terminal is set to the user\*(Aqs primary group and the permissions are set to \fI0600\fR\&. .sp -В \fBTTYGROUP\fR -может задаваться или имя группы, или числовой идентификатор группы\&. +can be either the name of a group or a numeric group identifier\&. .sp -Если ваша программа +If you have a \fBwrite\fR -имеет \(Fosetgid\(Fc со специальной группой, которой принадлежат терминалы, то присвойте TTYGROUP номер этой группы, а TTYPERM значение 0620\&. В противном случае оставьте TTYGROUP закомментированной и назначьте TTYPERM значение 622 или 600\&. +program which is "setgid" to a special group which owns the terminals, define TTYGROUP to the group number and TTYPERM to 0620\&. Otherwise leave TTYGROUP commented out and assign TTYPERM to either 622 or 600\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то в ней указывается имя файла, в котором описано соответствие между линией tty и параметром окружения TERM\&. Каждая строка файла имеет формат вида \(Fovt100 tty01\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fBULIMIT\fR (число) +\fBULIMIT\fR (number) .RS 4 -Значение +Default \fBulimit\fR -по умолчанию\&. +value\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (число) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 Задаёт начальное значение маски доступа для создаваемых файлов\&. Если не указано, то маска устанавливается в 022\&. .sp -Команды \fBuseradd\fR -и +and \fBnewusers\fR -используют эту маску для установки прав доступа к домашнему каталогу, который они создают\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Также она используется программой +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -для задания начального значения umask пользователя\&. Заметим, что эта маска может быть переопределена из пользовательской строки GECOS (если установлена переменная -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR) или указанием ограничения с идентификатором -\fIK\fR, в +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the +\fIK\fR +identifier in \fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включает установку группы битов umask равной битам владельца (пример: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) для не суперпользователей, если uid равен gid и имя пользователя совпадает с именем первичной группы\&. .sp -Если значение равно -\fIyes\fR, то +If set to +\fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -удаляет пользовательскую группу, если в ней нет больше членов, а +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -по умолчанию создаёт группу с именем пользователя\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man1/newgrp.1 b/man/ru/man1/newgrp.1 index 423db6ff..8d803daa 100644 --- a/man/ru/man1/newgrp.1 +++ b/man/ru/man1/newgrp.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newgrp .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Пользовательские команды -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "newgrp" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Пользовательские команды" +.TH "newgrp" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Пользовательские команды" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,32 +34,38 @@ newgrp \- выполняет регистрацию пользователя в \fBnewgrp\fR [\-] [\fIгруппа\fR] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBnewgrp\fR -используется для изменения ID текущей группы в работающем сеансе\&. Если указан необязательный параметр -\fB\-\fR, то окружение пользователя будет инициализировано повторно, как если бы пользователь заново вошёл в систему, иначе имеющееся окружение, включая текущий рабочий каталог, изменено не будет\&. +command is used to change the current group ID during a login session\&. If the optional +\fB\-\fR +flag is given, the user\*(Aqs environment will be reinitialized as though the user had logged in, otherwise the current environment, including current working directory, remains unchanged\&. .PP -Программа \fBnewgrp\fR -изменяет идентификатор текущей реальной группы на заданный или на группу по умолчанию, указанную в файле -/etc/passwd, в случае если имя группы не указано\&. Программа +changes the current real group ID to the named group, or to the default group listed in +/etc/passwd +if no group name is given\&. \fBnewgrp\fR -также пытается добавить группу в список групп пользователя\&. Если пользователь не является суперпользователем, то его попросят ввести пароль, даже если он его не имеет (в файле -/etc/shadow, если для этого пользователя имеется запись в файле теневых паролей, иначе используется файл -/etc/passwd), а группа имеет, или если пользователь не является членом группы, а группа имеет пароль\&. Если пользователь не является членом группы, а у группы пустой пароль, то пользователю будет отказано в доступе\&. +also tries to add the group to the user groupset\&. If not root, the user will be prompted for a password if she does not have a password (in +/etc/shadow +if this user has an entry in the shadowed password file, or in +/etc/passwd +otherwise) and the group does, or if the user is not listed as a member and the group has a password\&. The user will be denied access if the group password is empty and the user is not listed as a member\&. .PP -Если есть запись для этой группы в файле -/etc/gshadow, то список членов и пароль этой группы будут взяты из этого файла, иначе используется запись из файла -/etc/group\&. +If there is an entry for this group in +/etc/gshadow, then the list of members and the password of this group will be taken from this file, otherwise, the entry in +/etc/group +is considered\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Включить протоколирование \(Fosyslog\(Fc действий -\fBsg\fR\&. +Enable "syslog" logging of +\fBsg\fR +activity\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man1/passwd.1 b/man/ru/man1/passwd.1 index 9500dca8..c6227bb6 100644 --- a/man/ru/man1/passwd.1 +++ b/man/ru/man1/passwd.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: passwd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Пользовательские команды -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "passwd" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Пользовательские команды" +.TH "passwd" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Пользовательские команды" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,18 +34,18 @@ passwd \- изменяет пароль пользователя \fBpasswd\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] [\fIУЧЁТНАЯ_ЗАПИСЬ\fR] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBpasswd\fR -изменяет пароли пользовательских учётных записей\&. Обычный пользователь может изменить пароль только своей учётной записи, суперпользователь может изменить пароль любой учётной записи\&. Программа +command changes passwords for user accounts\&. A normal user may only change the password for their own account, while the superuser may change the password for any account\&. \fBpasswd\fR -также изменяет информацию об учётной записи или срок действия пароля\&. +also changes the account or associated password validity period\&. .SS "Изменение пароля" .PP Сначала пользователя попросят ввести старый пароль, если он был\&. Этот пароль зашифровывается и сравнивается с имеющимся\&. У пользователя есть только одна попытка ввести правильный пароль\&. Для суперпользователя этот шаг пропускается, для того чтобы можно было изменить забытый пароль\&. .PP -После ввода пароля проверяется информация об устаревании пароля, чтобы убедиться, что пользователю разрешено изменять пароль в настоящий момент\&. Если нет, то +After the password has been entered, password aging information is checked to see if the user is permitted to change the password at this time\&. If not, \fBpasswd\fR -не производит изменение пароля и завершает работу\&. +refuses to change the password and exits\&. .PP Затем пользователю предложат дважды ввести новый пароль\&. Значение второго ввода сравнивается с первым и для изменения пароли из обеих попыток должны совпасть\&. .PP @@ -84,29 +84,30 @@ passwd \- изменяет пароль пользователя знаки пунктуации .RE .PP -Не включайте системные символы стирания и удаления\&. Программа +Care must be taken not to include the system default erase or kill characters\&. \fBpasswd\fR -не примет пароль, который не имеет достаточной сложности\&. +will reject any password which is not suitably complex\&. .SS "Выбор пароля" .PP -Безопасность пароля зависит от стойкости алгоритма шифрования и размера пространства ключа\&. В старых системах +The security of a password depends upon the strength of the encryption algorithm and the size of the key space\&. The legacy \fIUNIX\fR -метод шифрования основывался на алгоритме NBS DES\&. Сейчас рекомендуют более новые методы (смотрите -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR)\&. Размер пространства ключа зависит от степени произвольности выбранного пароля\&. +System encryption method is based on the NBS DES algorithm\&. More recent methods are now recommended (see +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR)\&. The size of the key space depends upon the randomness of the password which is selected\&. .PP При обеспечении безопасности пароля выбирают нечто среднее между сложным паролем и сложностью работы с ним\&. По этой причине, вы не должны использовать пароль, который является словом из словаря или который придётся записать из\-за его сложности\&. Также, пароль не должен быть названием чего\-либо, номером вашей лицензии, днём рождения и домашним адресом\&. Обо всём этом легко догадаться, что приведёт к нарушению безопасности системы\&. .PP You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\&.org/wiki/Password_strength .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBpasswd\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBpasswd\fR +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR .RS 4 -Этот параметр можно использовать только вместе с +This option can be used only with \fB\-S\fR -для вывода статуса всех пользователей\&. +and causes show status for all users\&. .RE .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR @@ -124,10 +125,11 @@ You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\ Показать краткую справку и закончить работу\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIДНЕЙ\fR +\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 -Этот параметр используется для блокировки учётной записи по прошествии заданного числа дней после устаревания пароля\&. То есть, если пароль устарел и прошло более указанных -\fIДНЕЙ\fR, то пользователь больше не сможет использовать данную учётную запись\&. +This option is used to disable an account after the password has been expired for a number of days\&. After a user account has had an expired password for +\fIINACTIVE\fR +days, the user may no longer sign on to the account\&. .RE .PP \fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-keep\-tokens\fR @@ -139,18 +141,17 @@ You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\ .RS 4 Заблокировать пароль указанной учётной записи\&. Этот параметр блокирует пароль, изменяя его значение на вариант, который не может быть шифрованным паролем (добавляется символ \(Fo!\(Fc в начало пароля)\&. .sp -Заметим, что это не блокирует учётную запись\&. Пользователь всё ещё может войти в систему с помощью другого способа аутентификации (например, с помощью ключа SSH)\&. Чтобы заблокировать учётную запись, администратор должен использовать команду +Note that this does not disable the account\&. The user may still be able to login using another authentication token (e\&.g\&. an SSH key)\&. To disable the account, administrators should use \fBusermod \-\-expiredate 1\fR -(это установит дату устаревания учётной запись равной 2 января 1970 года)\&. +(this set the account\*(Aqs expire date to Jan 2, 1970)\&. .sp Посетитель с заблокированным паролем не может изменить свой пароль\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIМИН_ДНЕЙ\fR +\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Задать -\fIминимальное количество дней\fR -между сменами пароля\&. Нулевое значение этого поля указывает на то, что пользователь может менять свой пароль когда захочет\&. +Set the minimum number of days between password changes to +\fIMIN_DAYS\fR\&. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time\&. .RE .PP \fB\-q\fR, \fB\-\-quiet\fR @@ -158,18 +159,20 @@ You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\ Не выводить сообщений при работе\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-repository\fR\ \&\fIРЕПОЗИТОРИЙ\fR +\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-repository\fR\ \&\fIREPOSITORY\fR .RS 4 -Изменить пароль в -\fIРЕПОЗИТОРИИ\fR\&. +change password in +\fIREPOSITORY\fR +repository .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-S\fR, \fB\-\-status\fR @@ -179,28 +182,28 @@ You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\ .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-unlock\fR .RS 4 -Разблокировать пароль указанной учётной записи\&. Этот параметр разблокирует пароль, возвращая его прежнее значение (которое было перед использованием параметра -\fB\-l\fR)\&. +Unlock the password of the named account\&. This option re\-enables a password by changing the password back to its previous value (to the value before using the +\fB\-l\fR +option)\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIПРЕД_ДНЕЙ\fR +\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Установить число дней выдачи предупреждения, перед тем как потребуется смена пароля\&. В параметре -\fIПРЕД_ДНЕЙ\fR -указывается число дней перед тем как пароль устареет, в течении которых пользователю будут напоминать, что пароль скоро устареет\&. +Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required\&. The +\fIWARN_DAYS\fR +option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned that their password is about to expire\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-x\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIМАКС_ДНЕЙ\fR +\fB\-x\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -Установить максимальное количество дней, в течении которых пароль остаётся рабочим\&. После -\fIМАКС_ДНЕЙ\fR -пароль нужно изменить\&. +Set the maximum number of days a password remains valid\&. After +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR, the password is required to be changed\&. .sp -Значение +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -в параметре -\fIМАКС_ДНЕЙ\fR -отменяет проверку пароля\&. +as +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR +will remove checking a password\*(Aqs validity\&. .RE .SH "ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ" .PP @@ -209,70 +212,73 @@ You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\ Пользователи не могут изменять свои пароли в системе, если включён NIS и они не вошли на сервер NIS\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (строка) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Задаёт системный алгоритм шифрования по умолчанию для шифрования паролей (используется, если алгоритм не указан в командной строке)\&. .sp -Возможны следующие значения: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(по умолчанию), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Замечание: этот параметр переопределяет переменную -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Обозначает, что пароль должен быть зашифрован по алгоритму на основе MD5\&. Если значение равно -\fIyes\fR, то новые пароли будут зашифрованы по алгоритму на основе MD5, совместимому с используемым в новых версиях FreeBSD\&. Он поддерживает пароли неограниченной длины и имеет более длинную строку соли\&. Установите в -\fIno\fR, если вам нужно копировать шифрованные пароли в другие системы, которые не поддерживают новый алгоритм\&. По умолчанию +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Эта переменная переопределяется переменной +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -или любым параметром командной строки, который задаёт алгоритм шифрования\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Эта переменная устарела; используйте +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включает дополнительные проверки при смене пароля\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (логический) +\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Предупреждать о слабых паролях (но разрешать их использовать) для суперпользователя\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (число) +\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное количество попыток смены пароля (слишком простого) при непрохождении проверки\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (число), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (число) +\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (number), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Количество значимых символов в пароле для crypt()\&. По умолчанию значение +Number of significant characters in the password for crypt()\&. \fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR -равно 8\&. Не изменяйте, если ваш crypt() лучше\&. Игнорируется, если значение +is 8 by default\&. Don\*(Aqt change unless your crypt() is better\&. This is ignored if \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -равно +set to \fIyes\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (число), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (число) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Если значение +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -равно +is set to \fISHA256\fR -или -\fISHA512\fR, эта переменная определяет количество раундов SHA, используемых алгоритмом шифрования по умолчанию (если количество раундов не задано в командной строке)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Увеличение количества раундов повышает сложность подбора пароля простым перебором\&. Но заметим, что при этом для аутентификации пользователей требуется большее количество процессорных ресурсов\&. .sp @@ -280,16 +286,16 @@ You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\ .sp Значения должны лежать в диапазоне 1000\-999999999\&. .sp -Если задано какое\-то одно значение \(em +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -или +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -\(em то будет использовано это значение\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Если +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, то используется большее значение\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP @@ -309,50 +315,51 @@ You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\ .RE .SH "ВОЗВРАЩАЕМЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ" .PP -Программа +The \fBpasswd\fR -завершая работу, возвращает следующие значения: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -успешное выполнение +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -доступ запрещён +permission denied .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -недопустимая комбинация параметров +invalid combination of options .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -неожиданная ошибка при работе, ничего не сделано +unexpected failure, nothing done .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -неожиданная ошибка при работе, отсутствует файл +unexpected failure, passwd +file missing .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -файл passwd -занят другой программой, попробуйте ещё раз +file busy, try again .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -недопустимое значение параметра +invalid argument to option .RE .SH "СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ" .PP \fBchpasswd\fR(8), \fBpasswd\fR(5), \fBshadow\fR(5), -\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),\fBusermod\fR(8)\&. +\fBlogin.defs\fR(5), +\fBusermod\fR(8)\&. diff --git a/man/ru/man1/sg.1 b/man/ru/man1/sg.1 index e77c4536..6d7dcdcd 100644 --- a/man/ru/man1/sg.1 +++ b/man/ru/man1/sg.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: sg .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Пользовательские команды -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "sg" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Пользовательские команды" +.TH "sg" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Пользовательские команды" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,34 +31,40 @@ sg \- выполняет команду с правами другой группы .SH "СИНТАКСИС" .HP \w'\fBsg\fR\ 'u -\fBsg\fR [\-] [группа\ [\-c]\ команда] +\fBsg\fR [\-] [group\ [\-c\ ]\ command] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Команда +The \fBsg\fR -работает подобно команде -\fBnewgrp\fR, но в качестве параметра ожидает команду\&. Команда будет выполнена оболочкой -/bin/sh\&. В большинстве оболочек, откуда может запускаться -\fBsg\fR, команду из нескольких слов нужно заключать в кавычки\&. Другим отличием между +command works similar to \fBnewgrp\fR -и +but accepts a command\&. The command will be executed with the +/bin/sh +shell\&. With most shells you may run \fBsg\fR -является то, что некоторые оболочки воспринимают +from, you need to enclose multi\-word commands in quotes\&. Another difference between \fBnewgrp\fR -особенным образом, заменяя себя новым экземпляром оболочки, которую создаёт -\fBnewgrp\fR\&. Этого не происходит с командой -\fBsg\fR, поэтому после завершения работы +and \fBsg\fR -вы возвращаетесь в предыдущую группу\&. +is that some shells treat +\fBnewgrp\fR +specially, replacing themselves with a new instance of a shell that +\fBnewgrp\fR +creates\&. This doesn\*(Aqt happen with +\fBsg\fR, so upon exit from a +\fBsg\fR +command you are returned to your previous group ID\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Включить протоколирование \(Fosyslog\(Fc действий -\fBsg\fR\&. +Enable "syslog" logging of +\fBsg\fR +activity\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man1/su.1 b/man/ru/man1/su.1 index d64319c4..d0252dba 100644 --- a/man/ru/man1/su.1 +++ b/man/ru/man1/su.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: su .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Пользовательские команды -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "su" "1" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Пользовательские команды" +.TH "su" "1" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Пользовательские команды" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -55,28 +55,29 @@ option is special: it is also recognized after .PP Пользователю предложат ввести пароль, если он задан\&. При неверном пароле возникает сообщение об ошибке\&. Все попытки, удачные и неудачные, протоколируются системой с целью обнаружения злоупотреблений\&. .PP -Текущее окружение передаётся новой оболочке\&. Значение +The current environment is passed to the new shell\&. The value of \fB$PATH\fR -сбрасывается в значение +is reset to /bin:/usr/bin -для обычных пользователей или в +for normal users, or /sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin -для суперпользователя\&. Эти значения можно изменить в переменных +for the superuser\&. This may be changed with the \fBENV_PATH\fR -и +and \fBENV_SUPATH\fR -в файле +definitions in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .PP Субсистемный вход в систему можно распознать по наличию символа \(Fo*\(Fc в начале регистрационной оболочки\&. Заданный домашний каталог будет использован как корень новой файловой системы, в которой регистрируется пользователь\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBsu\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBsu\fR +command are: .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-command\fR\ \&\fIКОМАНДА\fR +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-command\fR\ \&\fICOMMAND\fR .RS 4 -Указать команду, которая будет запущена оболочкой в виде параметра для +Specify a command that will be invoked by the shell using its \fB\-c\fR\&. .sp The executed command will have no controlling terminal\&. This option cannot be used to execute interactive programs which need a controlling TTY\&. @@ -95,137 +96,140 @@ and \fB\-\-login\fR) do not have this restriction\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fIОБОЛОЧКА\fR +\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR .RS 4 Оболочка, которая будет запущена\&. .sp -Запущенная оболочка выбирается из (в порядке убывания приоритета): +The invoked shell is chosen from (highest priority first): .PP .RS 4 -Оболочка указанная в параметре \-\-shell\&. +The shell specified with \-\-shell\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Если используется -\fB\-\-preserve\-environment\fR, то оболочка задаётся переменной окружения -\fB$SHELL\fR\&. +If +\fB\-\-preserve\-environment\fR +is used, the shell specified by the +\fB$SHELL\fR +environment variable\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Оболочка, указанная в записи файла +The shell indicated in the /etc/passwd -для заданного пользователя\&. +entry for the target user\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -/bin/sh, если ни одной оболочке не было найдено с помощью методов, указанных выше\&. +/bin/sh +if a shell could not be found by any above method\&. .RE .sp -Если заданный пользователь имеет ограниченную оболочку (то есть оболочка в поле пользовательской записи в файле +If the target user has a restricted shell (i\&.e\&. the shell field of this user\*(Aqs entry in /etc/passwd -отсутствует в файле -/etc/shells), то параметр +is not listed in +/etc/shells), then the \fB\-\-shell\fR -или переменная окружения +option or the \fB$SHELL\fR -не будут учтены, если +environment variable won\*(Aqt be taken into account, unless \fBsu\fR -не была запущена суперпользователем\&. +is called by root\&. .RE .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-preserve\-environment\fR .RS 4 -Сохранить текущее окружение за исключением: +Preserve the current environment, except for: .PP \fB$PATH\fR .RS 4 -сбрасывается в значение +reset according to the +/etc/login\&.defs +options \fBENV_PATH\fR -или +or \fBENV_SUPATH\fR -(смотрите далее) из -/etc/login\&.defs; +(see below); .RE .PP \fB$IFS\fR .RS 4 -сбрасывается в значение -\(Fo<space><tab><newline>\(Fc, если она установлена\&. +reset to +\(Fo<space><tab><newline>\(Fc, if it was set\&. .RE .sp -Если заданный пользователь имеет ограниченную оболочку, то этот параметр не сработает (если +If the target user has a restricted shell, this option has no effect (unless \fBsu\fR -не запускается суперпользователем)\&. +is called by root)\&. .sp -Заметим, что поведение окружения по умолчанию таково: +Note that the default behavior for the environment is the following: .PP .RS 4 -Переменные окружение +The \fB$HOME\fR, \fB$SHELL\fR, \fB$USER\fR, \fB$LOGNAME\fR, -\fB$PATH\fR -и +\fB$PATH\fR, and \fB$IFS\fR -сбрасываются\&. +environment variables are reset\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Если параметр +If \fB\-\-login\fR -не указан, то окружение копируется, за исключением переменных, перечисленных выше\&. +is not used, the environment is copied, except for the variables above\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Если параметр +If \fB\-\-login\fR -указан, то переменные окружения +is used, the \fB$TERM\fR, \fB$COLORTERM\fR, -\fB$DISPLAY\fR -и +\fB$DISPLAY\fR, and \fB$XAUTHORITY\fR -копируются (если они установлены)\&. +environment variables are copied if they were set\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Если параметр +If \fB\-\-login\fR -указан, то переменные окружения +is used, the \fB$TZ\fR, -\fB$HZ\fR -и +\fB$HZ\fR, and \fB$MAIL\fR -устанавливаются согласно переменным файла -/etc/login\&.defs: +environment variables are set according to the +/etc/login\&.defs +options \fBENV_TZ\fR, \fBENV_HZ\fR, -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR -и +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR, and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -(смотрите далее)\&. +(see below)\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -Если параметр +If \fB\-\-login\fR -указан, то дополнительные переменные окружения могут быть установлены из файла +is used, other environment variables might be set by the \fBENVIRON_FILE\fR -(смотрите далее)\&. +file (see below)\&. .RE +.sp .RE .SH "ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ" .PP -Данная версия программы +This version of \fBsu\fR -может быть собрана с разными параметрами и только некоторые из них смогут быть использованы на любой машине\&. +has many compilation options, only some of which may be in use at any particular site\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCONSOLE\fR (строка) +\fBCONSOLE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то значение равно или полному пути к файлу с именами устройств (одно на строку), или списку имён устройств, перечисленных через \(Fo:\(Fc\&. Вход суперпользователя будет разрешён только с этих устройств\&. .sp @@ -234,36 +238,36 @@ and Устройства должны указываться без начального префикса /dev/\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (строка) +\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (string) .RS 4 -Список групп для добавления к набору пользовательских дополнительных групп при входе с консоли (определяемой переменной CONSOLE)\&. По умолчанию не указана\&. +List of groups to add to the user\*(Aqs supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting)\&. Default is none\&. -Используйте осторожно \(em может дать пользователям постоянный доступ к этим группам, даже если они не входили с консоли\&. +Use with caution \- it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console\&. .RE .PP -\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (логический) +\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Определяет, можно ли войти в систему, если нельзя выполнить cd в домашний каталог\&. По умолчанию \(Fono\(Fc\&. .sp -Если равно -\fIyes\fR, то пользователь будет попадать в корневой каталог (/), если невозможно выполнить cd в его домашний каталог\&. +If set to +\fIyes\fR, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (строка) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Если установлена, то будет использоваться для определения переменной окружения HZ при входе пользователя в систему\&. Значение должно начинаться с -\fIHZ=\fR\&. Обычное значение для Linux \(em +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если этот файл существует и доступ для чтения, то из него читает регистрационное окружение\&. Каждая строка должна иметь формат: имя=значение\&. .sp Строки, начинающиеся с #, считаются комментарием и игнорируются\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_PATH\fR (строка) +\fBENV_PATH\fR (string) .RS 4 If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular user login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example \fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by @@ -271,7 +275,7 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular u \fIPATH=/bin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (строка) +\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (string) .RS 4 If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superuser login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example \fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by @@ -279,106 +283,108 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus \fIPATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (строка) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Если установлена, то будет использоваться для определения переменной окружения TZ при входе пользователя\&. Значение может быть равно имени часового пояса, начинающегося +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -(например, -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), или полному пути к файлу с параметрами часового пояса (например, +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Если указан полный путь, но файл не существует или недоступен для чтения, то используется значение по умолчанию: +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use \fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (строка) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 Строка\-приглашение к вводу пароля\&. Значение по умолчанию: \(FoPassword:\(Fc или перевод этой строки на разные языки\&. Если вы измените эту переменную, то перевод будет отсутствовать\&. .sp -Если в строке содержится подстрока -\fI%s\fR, то она будет заменена на имя пользователя\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включает проверку и показ состояния почтового ящика при входе\&. .sp Вы должны выключить это, если почтовый ящик проверяется из файлов автозапуска оболочки (\(Fomailx \-e\(Fc или похожей командой)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (строка) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 Почтовый каталог\&. Данный параметр нужен для управления почтовым ящиком при изменении или удалении учётной записи пользователя\&. Если параметр не задан, то используется значение указанное при сборке\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Определяет расположение почтовых файлов пользователя относительно домашнего каталога\&. .RE .PP -Переменные +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -и +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -используются командами +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -и +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -для создания, перемещения или удаления почты пользователя\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Если значение +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -равно -\fIyes\fR, то они также используются для определения переменной окружения -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Включает установку ограничений ресурсов из +Enable setting of resource limits from /etc/limits -и ulimit, umask и niceness из поля gecos файла passwd\&. +and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .RE .PP -\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то любая активность su будет протоколироваться в этот файл\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_NAME\fR (строка) +\fBSU_NAME\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то выводится имя команды когда работает \(Fosu \-\(Fc\&. Например, если значение равно \(Fosu\(Fc, то \(Fops\(Fc покажет команду как \(Fo\-su\(Fc\&. Если не определена, то \(Fops\(Fc покажет имя запускаемой оболочки например как \(Fo\-sh\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (логический) +\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Если равна -\fIyes\fR, то пользователь должен быть членом первой группы с gid 0 в файле +If +\fIyes\fR, the user must be listed as a member of the first gid 0 group in /etc/group -(в большинстве систем Linux называется -\fIroot\fR), чтобы иметь возможность запускать +(called +\fIroot\fR +on most Linux systems) to be able to +\fBsu\fR +to uid 0 accounts\&. If the group doesn\*(Aqt exist or is empty, no one will be able to \fBsu\fR -для получения uid 0\&. Если группа не существует, или пуста, то никто не сможет получить uid 0 с помощью -\fBsu\fR\&. +to uid 0\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Включить протоколирование \(Fosyslog\(Fc действий +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsu\fR -\(em дополнительно к протоколированию в файле sulog\&. +activity \- in addition to sulog file logging\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включает установку группы битов umask равной битам владельца (пример: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) для не суперпользователей, если uid равен gid и имя пользователя совпадает с именем первичной группы\&. .sp -Если значение равно -\fIyes\fR, то +If set to +\fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -удаляет пользовательскую группу, если в ней нет больше членов, а +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -по умолчанию создаёт группу с именем пользователя\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP @@ -398,41 +404,41 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus .RE .SH "ВОЗВРАЩАЕМЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ" .PP -При успешном выполнении +On success, \fBsu\fR -возвращает код выхода команды, которая была выполнена\&. +returns the exit value of the command it executed\&. .PP -Если выполнение команды завершилось по сигналу, то +If this command was terminated by a signal, \fBsu\fR -возвращает номер этого сигнала плюс 128\&. +returns the number of this signal plus 128\&. .PP -Если su завершила команду (так как был запрос сделать это и команда не завершилась в положенное время), то +If su has to kill the command (because it was asked to terminate, and the command did not terminate in time), \fBsu\fR -завершается с кодом 255\&. +returns 255\&. .PP -Некоторые коды выхода +Some exit values from \fBsu\fR -не зависят от запускаемой команды: +are independent from the executed command: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -Успешно (только для -\fB\-\-help\fR) +success (\fB\-\-help\fR +only) .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -Сбой аутентификации или системы +System or authentication failure .RE .PP \fI126\fR .RS 4 -Запрошенная команда не найдена +The requested command was not found .RE .PP \fI127\fR .RS 4 -Запрошенная команда не может быть выполнена +The requested command could not be executed .RE .SH "СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ" .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man3/shadow.3 b/man/ru/man3/shadow.3 index 6b720266..15598cb6 100644 --- a/man/ru/man3/shadow.3 +++ b/man/ru/man3/shadow.3 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: shadow .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Библиотечные функции -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "shadow" "3" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Библиотечные функции" +.TH "shadow" "3" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Библиотечные функции" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -59,25 +59,27 @@ shadow, getspnam \- процедуры для работы с файлом ши .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP \fIshadow\fR -управляет содержимым файла теневых паролей, -/etc/shadow\&. Структура в файле -\fI#include\fR: +manipulates the contents of the shadow password file, +/etc/shadow\&. The structure in the +\fI#include\fR +file is: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 .\} .nf struct spwd { - char *sp_namp; /* имя пользователя */ - char *sp_pwdp; /* шифрованный пароль */ - long int sp_lstchg; /* дата последней смены пароля */ - long int sp_min; /* дней должно пройти между сменами пароля\&. */ - long int sp_max; /* дней перед необходимостью смены пароля */ - long int sp_warn; /* дней вывода предупреждения об устаревании */ - long int sp_inact; /* дней перед тем как учётная запись заблокируется */ - long int sp_expire; /* дата устаревания учётной записи */ - unsigned long int sp_flag; /* зарезервировано */ + char *sp_namp; /* user login name */ + char *sp_pwdp; /* encrypted password */ + long int sp_lstchg; /* last password change */ + long int sp_min; /* days until change allowed\&. */ + long int sp_max; /* days before change required */ + long int sp_warn; /* days warning for expiration */ + long int sp_inact; /* days before account inactive */ + long int sp_expire; /* date when account expires */ + unsigned long int sp_flag; /* reserved for future use */ } + .fi .if n \{\ .RE @@ -185,48 +187,49 @@ sp_flag \- зарезервировано .RE .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Функции \fIgetspent\fR, \fIgetspname\fR, -\fIfgetspent\fR -и +\fIfgetspent\fR, and \fIsgetspent\fR -возвращают указатель на структуру +each return a pointer to a \fIstruct spwd\fR\&. \fIgetspent\fR -возвращает следующую запись из файла, а +returns the next entry from the file, and \fIfgetspent\fR -возвращает следующую запись из заданного канала, предполагая, что это файл правильного формата\&.\fIsgetspent\fR -возвращает указатель на -\fIstruct spwd\fR, используя предоставленную строку в качестве входящих данных\&. +returns the next entry from the given stream, which is assumed to be a file of the proper format\&. +\fIsgetspent\fR +returns a pointer to a +\fIstruct spwd\fR +using the provided string as input\&. \fIgetspnam\fR -ищет начиная с текущей позиции в файле запись по имени +searches from the current position in the file for an entry matching \fIname\fR\&. .PP -Функции \fIsetspent\fR -и +and \fIendspent\fR -можно использовать для перемещения в начало и конец файла теневых паролей соответственно\&. +may be used to begin and end, respectively, access to the shadow password file\&. .PP -Функции +The \fIlckpwdf\fR -и +and \fIulckpwdf\fR -используются для получения монопольного доступа к файлу -/etc/shadow\&. +routines should be used to insure exclusive access to the +/etc/shadow +file\&. \fIlckpwdf\fR -пытается выполнить блокировку с помощью +attempts to acquire a lock using \fIpw_lock\fR -в течении 15 секунд\&. Далее выполняется попытка получить вторую блокировку с помощью +for up to 15 seconds\&. It continues by attempting to acquire a second lock using \fIspw_lock\fR -в течении времени оставшегося от первоначальных 15 секунд\&. При неудаче в любой из блокировок в течении 15 секунд, функция +for the remainder of the initial 15 seconds\&. Should either attempt fail after a total of 15 seconds, \fIlckpwdf\fR -возвращает \-1\&. Если обе блокировки прошли успешно возвращается 0\&. +returns \-1\&. When both locks are acquired 0 is returned\&. .SH "ДИАГНОСТИКА" .PP -Функции возвращают NULL, если все записи кончились или произошла ошибка во время работы\&. Функции, возвращающие -\fIint\fR, возвращают 0 при успешном выполнении и \-1 в случае неудачи\&. +Routines return NULL if no more entries are available or if an error occurs during processing\&. Routines which have +\fIint\fR +as the return value return 0 for success and \-1 for failure\&. .SH "ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ" .PP Данные функции могут использоваться только суперпользователем, так как доступ к файлу теневых паролей ограничен\&. diff --git a/man/ru/man5/faillog.5 b/man/ru/man5/faillog.5 index b745bf9f..4e35080b 100644 --- a/man/ru/man5/faillog.5 +++ b/man/ru/man5/faillog.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Форматы файлов -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "faillog" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Форматы файлов" +.TH "faillog" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Форматы файлов" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,9 +31,8 @@ faillog \- файл протокола неудачных попыток входа в систему .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -В файле /var/log/faillog -содержатся счётчики неудачных попыток входа и ограничения для каждой учётной записи\&. +maintains a count of login failures and the limits for each account\&. .PP Этот файл состоит из записей постоянной длины, упорядоченных по числовому идентификатору учётной записи\&. Каждая запись содержит количество неудачных попыток входа с момента последнего успешного входа в систему, максимальное количество неудачных попыток перед тем как учётная запись будет заблокирована, терминал, с которого осуществлялась последняя неудачная попытка входа, дату этого события и интервал (в секундах) на сколько учётная запись будет заблокирована в случае неудачной попытки\&. .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man5/gshadow.5 b/man/ru/man5/gshadow.5 index 445533a2..eb5d10f0 100644 --- a/man/ru/man5/gshadow.5 +++ b/man/ru/man5/gshadow.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: gshadow .\" Author: Nicolas Fran\(,cois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Форматы файлов -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "gshadow" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Форматы файлов" +.TH "gshadow" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Форматы файлов" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,9 +31,8 @@ gshadow \- файл с защищаемой информацией о группах .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Файл /etc/gshadow -содержит защищаемую информацию о группах\&. +contains the shadowed information for group accounts\&. .PP Этот файл должен быть недоступен обычному пользователю, если нужно обеспечить безопасность паролей\&. .PP @@ -46,11 +45,12 @@ gshadow \- файл с защищаемой информацией о групп .PP \fBшифрованный пароль\fR .RS 4 -Подробней о пароле смотрите в справочной странице -\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. +Refer to +\fBcrypt\fR(3) +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. .sp -Если поле пароля содержит строку, которая не удовлетворяет требованиям -\fBcrypt\fR(3), например содержит ! или *, то пользователь не сможет использовать пароль unix для доступа в группу (а члену группы пароль не нужен)\&. +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, users will not be able to use a unix password to access the group (but group members do not need the password)\&. .sp The password is used when a user who is not a member of the group wants to gain the permissions of this group (see \fBnewgrp\fR(1))\&. @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ The password is used when a user who is not a member of the group wants to gain .sp A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked\&. .sp -Данный пароль заменяет любой пароль, указанный в файле +This password supersedes any password specified in /etc/group\&. .RE .PP @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password i .sp Члены могут иметь доступ к группе без ввода пароля\&. .sp -Вы должны использовать тот же список пользователей что и в +You should use the same list of users as in /etc/group\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" diff --git a/man/ru/man5/limits.5 b/man/ru/man5/limits.5 index 454dbe7f..9a30092d 100644 --- a/man/ru/man5/limits.5 +++ b/man/ru/man5/limits.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: limits .\" Author: Luca Berra .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Форматы файлов -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "limits" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Форматы файлов" +.TH "limits" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Форматы файлов" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,12 +31,11 @@ limits \- файл контроля ресурсов .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -В файле +The \fIlimits\fR -(по умолчанию -/etc/limits -или определяется значением LIMITS_FILE в файле -config\&.h) описываются ограничения, которые можно изменять\&. Этот файл должен принадлежать суперпользователю и право на чтение должно быть только у суперпользователя\&. +file (/etc/limits +by default or LIMITS_FILE defined +config\&.h) describes the resource limits you wish to impose\&. It should be owned by root and readable by root account only\&. .PP По умолчанию учётная запись \(Foroot\(Fc ничем не ограничена\&. Фактически, никак нельзя установить ограничения с помощью этой процедуры на учётные записи, имеющие права суперпользователя (учётные записи с UID равным 0)\&. .PP @@ -48,8 +47,9 @@ config\&.h) описываются ограничения, которые мож .PP \fI@group СТРОКА_ОГРАНИЧЕНИЙ\fR .PP -\fIСТРОКА_ОГРАНИЧЕНИЙ\fR -\(em это строка, в которой указаны сразу несколько ограничений\&. Каждое ограничение состоит из буквенного идентификатора и числового значения\&. +The +\fILIMITS_STRING\fR +is a string of a concatenated list of resource limits\&. Each limit consists of a letter identifier followed by a numerical limit\&. .PP Допустимые идентификаторы: .sp @@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ F: maximum file size (KB) .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -K: маска создаваемых файлов, устанавливается с помощью вызова +K: file creation mask, set by \fBumask\fR(2)\&. .RE .sp @@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ O: максимальный приоритет реального времени .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -P: приоритет процесса, устанавливается с помощью вызова +P: process priority, set by \fBsetpriority\fR(2)\&. .RE .sp @@ -220,10 +220,10 @@ T: максимальное время использования процесс U: максимальное число процессов .RE .PP -Например, значение +For example, \fIL2D2048N5\fR -допустимо для -\fIСТРОКИ_ОГРАНИЧЕНИЙ\fR\&. Для удобства чтения, следующие записи эквивалентны: +is a valid +\fILIMITS_STRING\fR\&. For reading convenience, the following entries are equivalent: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -243,12 +243,12 @@ the rest of the line is considered a limit string, thus comments are not allowed \fBlogin\fR program\&. .PP -Запись по умолчанию выглядит как username "\fI*\fR"\&. Если у вас есть несколько записей -\fIпо умолчанию\fR -в файле -\fILIMITS_FILE\fR, то будет использоваться последняя\&. +The default entry is denoted by username "\fI*\fR"\&. If you have multiple +\fIdefault\fR +entries in your +\fILIMITS_FILE\fR, then the last one will be used as the default entry\&. .PP -Ограничения, задаваемые в виде \(Fo\fI@group\fR\(Fc, применяются к членам указанной группы +The limits specified in the form "\fI@group\fR" apply to the members of the specified \fIgroup\fR\&. .PP If more than one line with limits for a user exist, only the first line for this user will be considered\&. @@ -257,9 +257,9 @@ If no lines are specified for a user, the last \fI@group\fR line matching a group whose the user is a member of will be considered, or the last line with default limits if no groups contain the user\&. .PP -Чтобы полностью снять ограничения с пользователя, используется одиночное тире \(Fo\fI\-\fR\(Fc\&. +To completely disable limits for a user, a single dash "\fI\-\fR" will do\&. .PP -Чтобы снять ограничение с пользователя, вместо числового значения ограничения можно использовать одиночное тире \(Fo\fI\-\fR\(Fc\&. +To disable a limit for a user, a single dash "\fI\-\fR" can be used instead of the numerical value for this limit\&. .PP Также заметьте, что все настройки ограничений делаются ДЛЯ КОНКРЕТНОЙ УЧЁТНОЙ ЗАПИСИ\&. Они не являются глобальными и не постоянны\&. Возможно глобальные ограничения и появятся, но пока это только в планах ;) .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" diff --git a/man/ru/man5/login.access.5 b/man/ru/man5/login.access.5 index 10fc2896..eec300fd 100644 --- a/man/ru/man5/login.access.5 +++ b/man/ru/man5/login.access.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login.access .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Форматы файлов -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "login\&.access" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Форматы файлов" +.TH "login\&.access" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Форматы файлов" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,29 +31,29 @@ login.access \- файл контроля доступа в систему .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -В файле +The \fIlogin\&.access\fR -определяются комбинации (пользователь, узел) и/или (пользователь, терминал), которым будет разрешён или запрещён вход в систему\&. +file specifies (user, host) combinations and/or (user, tty) combinations for which a login will be either accepted or refused\&. .PP -Когда кто\-то пытается войти в систему выполняется сканирование файла +When someone logs in, the \fIlogin\&.access\fR -в поисках первой совпадающей записи (пользователь, узел), или в случае не сетевого входа, первой совпадающей записи (пользователь, терминал)\&. Из найденной записи выбирается поле прав доступа, по которому определяется разрешать ли данной учётной записи вход в систему или нет\&. +is scanned for the first entry that matches the (user, host) combination, or, in case of non\-networked logins, the first entry that matches the (user, tty) combination\&. The permissions field of that table entry determines whether the login will be accepted or refused\&. .PP Каждая строка таблицы контроля доступа в систему состоит из трёх полей разделённых символом \(Fo:\(Fc и выглядит так: .PP -\fIправа_доступа\fR:\fIпользователи\fR:\fIисточники\fR +\fIpermission\fR:\fIusers\fR:\fIorigins\fR .PP -Первое поле должно содержать символ \(Fo\fI+\fR\(Fc (доступ разрешён) или \(Fo\fI\-\fR\(Fc (доступ запрещён)\&. Второе поле должно содержать имя одной или более учётных записей, имена групп или +The first field should be a "\fI+\fR" (access granted) or "\fI\-\fR" (access denied) character\&. The second field should be a list of one or more login names, group names, or \fIALL\fR -(всегда совпадает)\&. Третье поле должно содержать одно или нескольких имён терминалов (для доступа не из сети), имена узлов, доменных имён (начинаются с \(Fo\&.\(Fc), адреса узлов, адреса подсетей (заканчиваются на \(Fo\&.\(Fc), +(always matches)\&. The third field should be a list of one or more tty names (for non\-networked logins), host names, domain names (begin with "\&."), host addresses, internet network numbers (end with "\&."), \fIALL\fR -(всегда совпадает) или +(always matches) or \fILOCAL\fR -(любая строка, не содержащая символа \(Fo\&.\(Fc)\&. Если используется NIS, то также можно использовать @имя_сетевой_группы в шаблонах узлов или именах пользователей\&. +(matches any string that does not contain a "\&." character)\&. If you run NIS you can use @netgroupname in host or user patterns\&. .PP -Оператор +The \fIEXCEPT\fR -помогает в написании компактных правил\&. +operator makes it possible to write very compact rules\&. .PP Поиск в файле групп производится только когда имя не совпадает с регистрирующимся пользователем\&. Рассматриваются группы только с явно прописанными в них пользователями: программа не принимает во внимание значение первичной группы пользователя\&. .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" diff --git a/man/ru/man5/login.defs.5 b/man/ru/man5/login.defs.5 index 08af57a4..7db8f672 100644 --- a/man/ru/man5/login.defs.5 +++ b/man/ru/man5/login.defs.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login.defs .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Форматы файлов -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "login\&.defs" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Форматы файлов" +.TH "login\&.defs" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Форматы файлов" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,56 +31,64 @@ login.defs \- содержит конфигурацию подсистемы теневых паролей .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Файл +The /etc/login\&.defs -содержит настройки подсистемы теневых паролей (shadow password suite)\&. Этот файл является обязательным\&. Отсутствие данного файла не повлияет на работу системы, но, вероятно, приведёт к выполнению нежелаемых операций\&. +file defines the site\-specific configuration for the shadow password suite\&. This file is required\&. Absence of this file will not prevent system operation, but will probably result in undesirable operation\&. .PP Файл представляет собой обычный текстовый файл; каждая строка описывает один параметр настройки\&. Строки состоят из названия параметра и его значения, которые разделяются пробельным символом\&. Пустые строки и комментарии игнорируются\&. Комментарии начинаются со знака фунта \(Fo#\(Fc, который должен быть первым непробельным символом в строке\&. .PP -Значения параметров могут быть четырёх типов: строки, логические значения, числа и длинные числа\&. Строки состоят из любых печатных символов\&. Под логическими значениями подразумеваются +Parameter values may be of four types: strings, booleans, numbers, and long numbers\&. A string is comprised of any printable characters\&. A boolean should be either the value \fIyes\fR -или -\fIno\fR\&. Неопределённый логический параметр или имеющий значение, отличное от указанных выше, считается как имеющий значение -\fIno\fR\&. Числа (обычные и длинные) можно задавать в десятичной, восьмеричной (перед значением ставится \(Fo\fI0\fR\(Fc) или шестнадцатеричной (перед значением ставится \(Fo\fI0x\fR\(Fc) системах счисления\&. Максимальные значения параметра обычного и длинного числа зависят от архитектуры компьютера\&. +or +\fIno\fR\&. An undefined boolean parameter or one with a value other than these will be given a +\fIno\fR +value\&. Numbers (both regular and long) may be either decimal values, octal values (precede the value with +\fI0\fR) or hexadecimal values (precede the value with +\fI0x\fR)\&. The maximum value of the regular and long numeric parameters is machine\-dependent\&. .PP Возможны следующие параметры настройки: .PP -\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (логический) +\fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Если равно yes, chfn +If +\fIyes\fR, the +\fBchfn\fR +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (строка) +\fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (string) .RS 4 -Этим параметром определяются части поля +This parameter specifies which values in the \fIgecos\fR -в файле -/etc/passwd, которые могут изменять обычные пользователи с помощью программы -\fBchfn\fR\&. Строка может содержать любую комбинацию букв +field of the +/etc/passwd +file may be changed by regular users using the +\fBchfn\fR +program\&. It can be any combination of letters \fIf\fR, \fIr\fR, \fIw\fR, -\fIh\fR -для изменения полного имени пользователя, номера комнаты, рабочего и домашнего телефона, соответственно\&. Для совместимости значение +\fIh\fR, for Full name, Room number, Work phone, and Home phone, respectively\&. For backward compatibility, \fIyes\fR -эквивалентно +is equivalent to \fIrwh\fR -и +and \fIno\fR -эквивалентно -\fIfrwh\fR\&. Если ничего не задано, то только суперпользователь может выполнять любые изменения\&. Наиболее ограничительная настройка достигается снятием SUID бита с файла -chfn\&. +is equivalent to +\fIfrwh\fR\&. If not specified, only the superuser can make any changes\&. The most restrictive setting is better achieved by not installing +\fBchfn\fR +SUID\&. .RE .PP -\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (логический) +\fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Если равно -\fIyes\fR, то программа +If +\fIyes\fR, the \fBchsh\fR -будет проводить аутентификацию перед тем как выполнить любые изменения, в случае если команда не запущены суперпользователем\&. +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE\fR (строка) +\fBCONSOLE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то значение равно или полному пути к файлу с именами устройств (одно на строку), или списку имён устройств, перечисленных через \(Fo:\(Fc\&. Вход суперпользователя будет разрешён только с этих устройств\&. .sp @@ -89,49 +97,50 @@ chfn\&. Устройства должны указываться без начального префикса /dev/\&. .RE .PP -\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (строка) +\fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (string) .RS 4 -Список групп для добавления к набору пользовательских дополнительных групп при входе с консоли (определяемой переменной CONSOLE)\&. По умолчанию не указана\&. +List of groups to add to the user\*(Aqs supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting)\&. Default is none\&. -Используйте осторожно \(em может дать пользователям постоянный доступ к этим группам, даже если они не входили с консоли\&. +Use with caution \- it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console\&. .RE .PP -\fBCREATE_HOME\fR (логический) +\fBCREATE_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Определяет, должен ли создаваться по умолчанию домашний каталог для новых пользователей\&. .sp Эта переменная не влияет на системных пользователей и может быть переопределена из командной строки\&. .RE .PP -\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (логический) +\fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Определяет, можно ли войти в систему, если нельзя выполнить cd в домашний каталог\&. По умолчанию \(Fono\(Fc\&. .sp -Если равно -\fIyes\fR, то пользователь будет попадать в корневой каталог (/), если невозможно выполнить cd в его домашний каталог\&. +If set to +\fIyes\fR, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory\&. .RE .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (строка) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Задаёт системный алгоритм шифрования по умолчанию для шифрования паролей (используется, если алгоритм не указан в командной строке)\&. .sp -Возможны следующие значения: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(по умолчанию), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Замечание: этот параметр переопределяет переменную -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (строка) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Если установлена, то будет использоваться для определения переменной окружения HZ при входе пользователя в систему\&. Значение должно начинаться с -\fIHZ=\fR\&. Обычное значение для Linux \(em +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_PATH\fR (строка) +\fBENV_PATH\fR (string) .RS 4 If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular user login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example \fI/bin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by @@ -139,7 +148,7 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when a regular u \fIPATH=/bin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (строка) +\fBENV_SUPATH\fR (string) .RS 4 If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superuser login\&. The value is a colon separated list of paths (for example \fI/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR) and can be preceded by @@ -147,28 +156,28 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus \fIPATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (строка) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Если установлена, то будет использоваться для определения переменной окружения TZ при входе пользователя\&. Значение может быть равно имени часового пояса, начинающегося +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -(например, -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), или полному пути к файлу с параметрами часового пояса (например, +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Если указан полный путь, но файл не существует или недоступен для чтения, то используется значение по умолчанию: +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use \fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если этот файл существует и доступ для чтения, то из него читает регистрационное окружение\&. Каждая строка должна иметь формат: имя=значение\&. .sp Строки, начинающиеся с #, считаются комментарием и игнорируются\&. .RE .PP -\fBERASECHAR\fR (число) +\fBERASECHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Символ ERASE у терминала (\fI010\fR +Terminal ERASE character (\fI010\fR = backspace, \fI0177\fR = DEL)\&. @@ -176,64 +185,63 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus Значение может начинаться с \(Fo0\(Fc при указании значения в восьмеричной системе счисления или \(Fo0x\(Fc при указании значения в шестнадцатеричной системе счисления\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (число) +\fBFAIL_DELAY\fR (number) .RS 4 Задержка в секундах перед повторной попыткой после неудачного входа\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Включить протоколирование и показ информации о неудачных входах из -/var/log/faillog\&. +Enable logging and display of +/var/log/faillog +login failure info\&. .RE .PP -\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (строка) +\fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (string) .RS 4 -Если установлена, то программа +If set, \fBlogin\fR -запустит указанную оболочку вместо пользовательской оболочки заданной в +will execute this shell instead of the users\*(Aq shell specified in /etc/passwd\&. .RE .PP -\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBFTMP_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то неудачные попытки входа будут протоколироваться в этот файл в формате utmp\&. .RE .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (число), \fBGID_MIN\fR (число) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Диапазон идентификаторов групп, используемый в программах +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -или -\fBnewusers\fR -для создания обычных групп\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Значение по умолчанию для +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -(соотв\&. -\fBGID_MAX\fR) равно 1000 (соотв\&. 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то этот файл может заблокировать все обычные переговоры (chatter) при входе\&. Если указан полный путь к файлу, то будет включён сокращённый (hushed) режим, если в этом файле указано имя пользователя или оболочка\&. Если указан не полный путь, то будет включён сокращённый (hushed) режим, если файл находится в домашнем каталоге пользователя\&. .RE .PP -\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBISSUE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то этот файл будет показан перед каждым появлением приглашения на вход\&. .RE .PP -\fBKILLCHAR\fR (число) +\fBKILLCHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -Символ KILL у терминала (\fI025\fR +Terminal KILL character (\fI025\fR = CTRL/U)\&. .sp Значение может начинаться с \(Fo0\(Fc при указании значения в восьмеричной системе счисления или \(Fo0x\(Fc при указании значения в шестнадцатеричной системе счисления\&. .RE .PP -\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBLASTLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включить протоколирование и показ информации о времени входа из /var/log/lastlog\&. .RE @@ -247,75 +255,75 @@ No option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing lastlog entries\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (логический) +\fBLOG_OK_LOGINS\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включить протоколирование успешных входов\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBLOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включить показ неизвестных имён пользователей при записи неудачных попыток входа\&. .sp Замечание: протоколирование неизвестных имён пользователя может привести к проблемам с безопасностью, если пользователь введёт свой пароль вместо своего имени\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (число) +\fBLOGIN_RETRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное количество попыток входа при вводе неверного пароля\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (строка) +\fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 Строка\-приглашение к вводу пароля\&. Значение по умолчанию: \(FoPassword:\(Fc или перевод этой строки на разные языки\&. Если вы измените эту переменную, то перевод будет отсутствовать\&. .sp -Если в строке содержится подстрока -\fI%s\fR, то она будет заменена на имя пользователя\&. +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .PP -\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (число) +\fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное время в секундах, отведённое на вход\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включает проверку и показ состояния почтового ящика при входе\&. .sp Вы должны выключить это, если почтовый ящик проверяется из файлов автозапуска оболочки (\(Fomailx \-e\(Fc или похожей командой)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (строка) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 Почтовый каталог\&. Данный параметр нужен для управления почтовым ящиком при изменении или удалении учётной записи пользователя\&. Если параметр не задан, то используется значение указанное при сборке\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Определяет расположение почтовых файлов пользователя относительно домашнего каталога\&. .RE .PP -Переменные +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -и +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -используются командами +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -и +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -для создания, перемещения или удаления почты пользователя\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Если значение +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -равно -\fIyes\fR, то они также используются для определения переменной окружения -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (число) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Максимальное количество членов в записи о группе\&. При достижения максимума заводится новая запись группы (строка) в +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(с тем же именем, паролем и тем же GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет\&. .sp @@ -326,99 +334,99 @@ option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for wri Замечание: разделение групп поддерживается не всеми инструментами (даже в наборе инструментов Shadow)\&. Вы не должны использовать эту переменную, если вам действительно это ненужно\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Обозначает, что пароль должен быть зашифрован по алгоритму на основе MD5\&. Если значение равно -\fIyes\fR, то новые пароли будут зашифрованы по алгоритму на основе MD5, совместимому с используемым в новых версиях FreeBSD\&. Он поддерживает пароли неограниченной длины и имеет более длинную строку соли\&. Установите в -\fIno\fR, если вам нужно копировать шифрованные пароли в другие системы, которые не поддерживают новый алгоритм\&. По умолчанию +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Эта переменная переопределяется переменной +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -или любым параметром командной строки, который задаёт алгоритм шифрования\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Эта переменная устарела; используйте +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBMOTD_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то при входе будет показано \(Foсообщение дня\(Fc из файла со списком значений, разделённых \(Fo:\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBNOLOGINS_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, значение равно имени файла, чьё существование запретит вход для не суперпользователей\&. В файле должно содержаться сообщение, описывающее почему запрещён вход\&. .RE .PP -\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включает дополнительные проверки при смене пароля\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (логический) +\fBPASS_ALWAYS_WARN\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Предупреждать о слабых паролях (но разрешать их использовать) для суперпользователя\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (число) +\fBPASS_CHANGE_TRIES\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное количество попыток смены пароля (слишком простого) при непрохождении проверки\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (число) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное число дней использования пароля\&. Если пароль старее этого числа, то будет запущена процедура смены пароля\&. Если значение не задано, то предполагается значение \-1 (то есть возможность ограничения не используется)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (число) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное число дней между изменениями пароля\&. Любая смена пароля ранее заданного срока выполнена не будет\&. Если значение не задано, то предполагается значение \-1 (то есть возможность ограничения не используется)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (число) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Число дней за которое начнёт выдаваться предупреждение об устаревании пароля\&. Нулевое значение означает, что предупреждение выдаётся в день устаревания, при отрицательном значении предупреждение выдаваться не будет\&. Если значение не задано, выдача предупреждения отключается\&. .RE .PP -Параметры \fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR, \fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR -и +and \fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR -используются только при создании учётной записи\&. Любые изменения этих параметров не влияют на уже существующие учётные записи\&. +are only used at the time of account creation\&. Any changes to these settings won\*(Aqt affect existing accounts\&. .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (число), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (число) +\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (number), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Количество значимых символов в пароле для crypt()\&. По умолчанию значение +Number of significant characters in the password for crypt()\&. \fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR -равно 8\&. Не изменяйте, если ваш crypt() лучше\&. Игнорируется, если значение +is 8 by default\&. Don\*(Aqt change unless your crypt() is better\&. This is ignored if \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -равно +set to \fIyes\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Включить проверку временных ограничений, заданных в +Enable checking of time restrictions specified in /etc/porttime\&. .RE .PP -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Включает установку ограничений ресурсов из +Enable setting of resource limits from /etc/limits -и ulimit, umask и niceness из поля gecos файла passwd\&. +and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (число), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (число) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Если значение +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -равно +is set to \fISHA256\fR -или -\fISHA512\fR, эта переменная определяет количество раундов SHA, используемых алгоритмом шифрования по умолчанию (если количество раундов не задано в командной строке)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Увеличение количества раундов повышает сложность подбора пароля простым перебором\&. Но заметим, что при этом для аутентификации пользователей требуется большее количество процессорных ресурсов\&. .sp @@ -426,38 +434,40 @@ option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for wri .sp Значения должны лежать в диапазоне 1000\-999999999\&. .sp -Если задано какое\-то одно значение \(em +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -или +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -\(em то будет использовано это значение\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Если +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, то используется большее значение\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .PP -\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBSULOG_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то любая активность su будет протоколироваться в этот файл\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_NAME\fR (строка) +\fBSU_NAME\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то выводится имя команды когда работает \(Fosu \-\(Fc\&. Например, если значение равно \(Fosu\(Fc, то \(Fops\(Fc покажет команду как \(Fo\-su\(Fc\&. Если не определена, то \(Fops\(Fc покажет имя запускаемой оболочки например как \(Fo\-sh\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (логический) +\fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Если равна -\fIyes\fR, то пользователь должен быть членом первой группы с gid 0 в файле +If +\fIyes\fR, the user must be listed as a member of the first gid 0 group in /etc/group -(в большинстве систем Linux называется -\fIroot\fR), чтобы иметь возможность запускать +(called +\fIroot\fR +on most Linux systems) to be able to +\fBsu\fR +to uid 0 accounts\&. If the group doesn\*(Aqt exist or is empty, no one will be able to \fBsu\fR -для получения uid 0\&. Если группа не существует, или пуста, то никто не сможет получить uid 0 с помощью -\fBsu\fR\&. +to uid 0\&. .RE .PP \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (number) @@ -506,118 +516,117 @@ The default values for are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (число), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (число) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Диапазон идентификаторов групп, используемый в программах +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -или -\fBnewusers\fR -для создания системных групп\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Значение по умолчанию для +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -(соотв\&.\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) равно 101 (соотв\&. +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (число), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (число) +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Диапазон идентификаторов пользователей, используемый в программах +Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by \fBuseradd\fR -или -\fBnewusers\fR -для создания системных пользователей\&. +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Значение по умолчанию для +The default value for \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -(соотв\&. -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) равно 101 (соотв\&. +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Включить протоколирование \(Fosyslog\(Fc действий -\fBsg\fR\&. +Enable "syslog" logging of +\fBsg\fR +activity\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Включить протоколирование \(Fosyslog\(Fc действий +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsu\fR -\(em дополнительно к протоколированию в файле sulog\&. +activity \- in addition to sulog file logging\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYGROUP\fR (строка), \fBTTYPERM\fR (строка) +\fBTTYGROUP\fR (string), \fBTTYPERM\fR (string) .RS 4 -Права терминала: tty входа будет принадлежать группе -\fBTTYGROUP\fR, а права будут назначены в соответствии с +The terminal permissions: the login tty will be owned by the +\fBTTYGROUP\fR +group, and the permissions will be set to \fBTTYPERM\fR\&. .sp -По умолчанию, терминалом владеет первичная группа пользователя, а права устанавливаются в +By default, the ownership of the terminal is set to the user\*(Aqs primary group and the permissions are set to \fI0600\fR\&. .sp -В \fBTTYGROUP\fR -может задаваться или имя группы, или числовой идентификатор группы\&. +can be either the name of a group or a numeric group identifier\&. .sp -Если ваша программа +If you have a \fBwrite\fR -имеет \(Fosetgid\(Fc со специальной группой, которой принадлежат терминалы, то присвойте TTYGROUP номер этой группы, а TTYPERM значение 0620\&. В противном случае оставьте TTYGROUP закомментированной и назначьте TTYPERM значение 622 или 600\&. +program which is "setgid" to a special group which owns the terminals, define TTYGROUP to the group number and TTYPERM to 0620\&. Otherwise leave TTYGROUP commented out and assign TTYPERM to either 622 or 600\&. .RE .PP -\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBTTYTYPE_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Если определена, то в ней указывается имя файла, в котором описано соответствие между линией tty и параметром окружения TERM\&. Каждая строка файла имеет формат вида \(Fovt100 tty01\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fBUID_MAX\fR (число), \fBUID_MIN\fR (число) +\fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Диапазон идентификаторов пользователей, используемый в программах +Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by \fBuseradd\fR -или -\fBnewusers\fR -для создания обычных пользователей\&. +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Значение по умолчанию для +The default value for \fBUID_MIN\fR -(соотв\&. -\fBUID_MAX\fR) равно 1000 (соотв\&. 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBULIMIT\fR (число) +\fBULIMIT\fR (number) .RS 4 -Значение +Default \fBulimit\fR -по умолчанию\&. +value\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (число) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 Задаёт начальное значение маски доступа для создаваемых файлов\&. Если не указано, то маска устанавливается в 022\&. .sp -Команды \fBuseradd\fR -и +and \fBnewusers\fR -используют эту маску для установки прав доступа к домашнему каталогу, который они создают\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Также она используется программой +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -для задания начального значения umask пользователя\&. Заметим, что эта маска может быть переопределена из пользовательской строки GECOS (если установлена переменная -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR) или указанием ограничения с идентификатором -\fIK\fR, в +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the +\fIK\fR +identifier in \fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (строка) +\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (string) .RS 4 Определяет программу, которая будет запущена при удалении пользователя\&. Она должна удалять любые задания at/cron/печати удаляемого пользователя (передаётся в качестве первого аргумента)\&. .sp Возвращаемый сценарием код завершения не учитывается\&. .sp -Вот простой сценарий, который удаляет задания печати, cron и at: +Here is an example script, which removes the user\*(Aqs cron, at and print jobs: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -625,43 +634,44 @@ are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .nf #! /bin/sh -# проверить все необходимые параметры +# Check for the required argument\&. if [ $# != 1 ]; then - echo "Использование: $0 имя_пользователя" + echo "Usage: $0 username" exit 1 fi -# удалить задания cron +# Remove cron jobs\&. crontab \-r \-u $1 -# удалить задания at -# Заметим, что это удалит все задания с указанным UID, -# даже если он используется для другой учётной записи\&. +# Remove at jobs\&. +# Note that it will remove any jobs owned by the same UID, +# even if it was shared by a different username\&. AT_SPOOL_DIR=/var/spool/cron/atjobs find $AT_SPOOL_DIR \-name "[^\&.]*" \-type f \-user $1 \-delete \e; -# удалить задания печати +# Remove print jobs\&. lprm $1 -# всё +# All done\&. exit 0 .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} +.sp .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включает установку группы битов umask равной битам владельца (пример: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) для не суперпользователей, если uid равен gid и имя пользователя совпадает с именем первичной группы\&. .sp -Если значение равно -\fIyes\fR, то +If set to +\fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -удаляет пользовательскую группу, если в ней нет больше членов, а +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -по умолчанию создаёт группу с именем пользователя\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "ПЕРЕКРЁСТНЫЕ ССЫЛКИ" .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man5/passwd.5 b/man/ru/man5/passwd.5 index ae414367..7e87183c 100644 --- a/man/ru/man5/passwd.5 +++ b/man/ru/man5/passwd.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: passwd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Форматы файлов -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "passwd" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Форматы файлов" +.TH "passwd" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Форматы файлов" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,9 +31,8 @@ passwd \- файл паролей .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Файл /etc/passwd -содержит учётные записи пользователей, по одной в каждой строке\&. Строка состоит из семи полей, разделённых двоеточиями (\(Fo:\(Fc)\&. Поля: +contains one line for each user account, with seven fields delimited by colons (\(Fo:\(Fc)\&. These fields are: .sp .RS 4 .ie n \{\ @@ -112,35 +111,54 @@ passwd \- файл паролей необязательный интерпретатор командной строки пользователя .RE .PP -Поле с зашифрованным паролем может быть пустым, и тогда для входа под этой учётной записью пароль не требуется\&. Однако, некоторые приложения, которые читают файл -/etc/passwd, могут решить не позволять -\fIлюбой\fR -доступ, если поле -\fIпароля\fR -пустое\&. Если поле -\fIпароля\fR -содержит строчную -\(Fox\(Fc, то шифрованный пароль хранится в файле -\fBshadow\fR(5); в файле -shadow -\fIдолжна\fR -быть соответствующая строка, иначе учётная запись считается недействительной\&. Если в поле -\fIпароля\fR -содержится какая\-то другая строка, то она воспринимается как шифрованный пароль, согласно формату -\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. +If the +\fIpassword\fR +field is a lower\-case +\(Fox\(Fc, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the +\fBshadow\fR(5) +file instead; there +\fImust\fR +be a corresponding line in the +/etc/shadow +file, or else the user account is invalid\&. +.PP +The encrypted +\fIpassword\fR +field may be empty, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the +/etc/passwd +file may decide not to permit +\fIany\fR +access at all if the +\fIpassword\fR +field is blank\&. +.PP +A +\fIpassword\fR +field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the +\fIpassword\fR +field before the password was locked\&. +.PP +Refer to +\fBcrypt\fR(3) +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. +.PP +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)\&. .PP -Поле комментария используется различными системными утилитами, такими как +The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as \fBfinger\fR(1)\&. .PP -В поле домашнего каталога хранится начальный рабочий каталог\&. Программа +The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory\&. The \fBlogin\fR -использует эту информацию для установки значения переменной окружения -\fB$HOME\fR\&. +program uses this information to set the value of the +\fB$HOME\fR +environmental variable\&. .PP -В поле интерпретатора командной строки хранится название интерпретатора командной строки пользователя или программы, которая будет запущена первой\&. Программа +The command interpreter field provides the name of the user\*(Aqs command language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute\&. The \fBlogin\fR -использует эту информацию для установки значения переменной окружения -\fB$SHELL\fR\&. Если это поле пустое, то используется значение по умолчанию +program uses this information to set the value of the +\fB$SHELL\fR +environmental variable\&. If this field is empty, it defaults to the value /bin/sh\&. .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man5/porttime.5 b/man/ru/man5/porttime.5 index 803b27e0..0457c0c9 100644 --- a/man/ru/man5/porttime.5 +++ b/man/ru/man5/porttime.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: porttime .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Форматы файлов -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "porttime" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Форматы файлов" +.TH "porttime" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Форматы файлов" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,44 +31,42 @@ porttime \- файл с временами доступа к портам .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Файл \fIporttime\fR -содержит список устройств tty, имена пользователей и разрешённое время входа\&. +contains a list of tty devices, user names, and permitted login times\&. .PP Каждая запись состоит из трёх полей, разделённых двоеточиями\&. В первом поле содержится список устройств tty (перечисленных через запятую) или звёздочка, указывающая, что все устройства tty попадают под правило этой записи\&. Во втором поле содержится список имён пользователей (перечисленных через запятую) или звёздочка, указывающая, что все имена пользователей попадают под правило этой записи\&. В третьем поле содержится список (через запятую) допустимого времени работы\&. .PP -Каждая запись времени доступа состоит из нуля или более дней недели, обозначенных как +Each access time entry consists of zero or more days of the week, abbreviated \fISu\fR, \fIMo\fR, \fITu\fR, \fIWe\fR, \fITh\fR, -\fIFr\fR -и -\fISa\fR, а также временем начала и конца, записанного через дефис\&. Сокращение +\fIFr\fR, and +\fISa\fR, followed by a pair of times separated by a hyphen\&. The abbreviation \fIWk\fR -можно использовать для обозначения периода с понедельника по пятницу, а +may be used to represent Monday thru Friday, and \fIAl\fR -обозначает каждый день\&. Если день не задан, то предполагается +may be used to indicate every day\&. If no days are given, \fIAl\fR -в качестве значения по умолчанию\&. +is assumed\&. .SH "ПРИМЕРЫ" .PP -Следующая запись разрешает доступ пользователю +The following entry allows access to user \fBjfh\fR -с любого порта по будням с 9:00 до 17:00\&. +on every port during weekdays from 9am to 5pm\&. .PP *:jfh:Wk0900\-1700 .PP -Следующие записи разрешают доступ только пользователям +The following entries allow access only to the users \fIroot\fR -и +and \fIoper\fR -с +on /dev/console -в любое время\&. Это показывает, что файл +at any time\&. This illustrates how the /etc/porttime -обрабатывается в порядке появления записей в файле\&. Любой другой пользователь попадёт под правило второй записи, которая не разрешает доступ в любое время\&. +file is an ordered list of access times\&. Any other user would match the second entry which does not permit access at any time\&. .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -82,9 +80,9 @@ porttime \- файл с временами доступа к портам .RE .\} .PP -Следующая запись разрешает доступ пользователю +The following entry allows access for the user \fIgames\fR -с любого порта в нерабочие часы\&. +on any port during non\-working hours\&. .PP *:games:Wk1700\-0900,SaSu0000\-2400 .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" diff --git a/man/ru/man5/shadow.5 b/man/ru/man5/shadow.5 index 67e4f5b6..95679a3c 100644 --- a/man/ru/man5/shadow.5 +++ b/man/ru/man5/shadow.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: shadow .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Форматы файлов -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "shadow" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Форматы файлов" +.TH "shadow" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Форматы файлов" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,13 +31,12 @@ shadow \- файл теневых паролей .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Файл shadow -содержит шифрованные пароли учётных записей пользователей и необязательную информацию об устаревании пароля\&. +is a file which contains the password information for the system\*(Aqs accounts and optional aging information\&. .PP Этот файл должен быть недоступен обычному пользователю, если нужно обеспечить безопасность паролей\&. .PP -Каждая строка файла содержит 9 полей, разделённых двоеточиями (\(Fo:\(Fc), расположенных в следующем порядке: +Each line of this file contains 9 fields, separated by colons (\(Fo:\(Fc), in the following order: .PP \fBимя пользователя для входа в систему\fR .RS 4 @@ -46,16 +45,18 @@ shadow .PP \fBшифрованный пароль\fR .RS 4 -Подробней о пароле смотрите в справочной странице -\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. +This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the +/etc/shadow +file may decide not to permit any access at all if the password field is empty\&. .sp -Если поле пароля содержит строку, которая не удовлетворяет требованиям -\fBcrypt\fR(3), например содержит ! или *, то пользователь не сможет использовать этот пароль unix для входа (но может войти в систему под другими паролями)\&. +A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked\&. .sp -Это поле может быть пустым, то есть для указанной учётной записи не требуется аутентификация по паролю\&. Однако, некоторые приложения, читающие файл -/etc/shadow, могут вообще отказать в доступе, если поле пароля пусто\&. +Refer to +\fBcrypt\fR(3) +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. .sp -A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked\&. +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)\&. .RE .PP \fBдата последней смены пароля\fR diff --git a/man/ru/man5/suauth.5 b/man/ru/man5/suauth.5 index de147024..b96a4174 100644 --- a/man/ru/man5/suauth.5 +++ b/man/ru/man5/suauth.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: suauth .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Форматы файлов -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "suauth" "5" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Форматы файлов" +.TH "suauth" "5" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Форматы файлов" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ suauth \- файл управления командой su \fB/etc/suauth\fR .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Файл +The file /etc/suauth -проверяется каждый раз при запуске команды su\&. Он влияет на поведение команды su, в зависимости от: +is referenced whenever the su command is called\&. It can change the behaviour of the su command, based upon: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -57,16 +57,17 @@ suauth \- файл управления командой su .RS 4 .\} .nf - желаемый\-id:желающий\-id:ДЕЙСТВИЕ + to\-id:from\-id:ACTION .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} .PP -Где желаемый\-id может быть словом -\fIALL\fR, списком имён пользователей, перечисленных через запятую (\(Fo,\(Fc) или фразы -\fIALL EXCEPT\fR, после которой идёт список имён пользователей перечисленных через \(Fo,\(Fc\&. +Where to\-id is either the word +\fIALL\fR, a list of usernames delimited by "," or the words +\fIALL EXCEPT\fR +followed by a list of usernames delimited by ","\&. .PP from\-id is formatted the same as to\-id except the extra word \fIGROUP\fR @@ -102,22 +103,22 @@ is necessary\&. .RS 4 .\} .nf - # пример файла /etc/suauth + # sample /etc/suauth file # - # Пара привилегированных имён пользователей - # могут выполнить su, чтобы получить права суперпользователя введя свой пароль\&. + # A couple of privileged usernames may + # su to root with their own password\&. # root:chris,birddog:OWNPASS # - # Все остальные не могут выполнить su для получения root, если они - # не члены группы wheel\&. Так настроено в BSD\&. + # Anyone else may not su to root unless in + # group wheel\&. This is how BSD does things\&. # root:ALL EXCEPT GROUP wheel:DENY # - # Возможно учётными записями terry и birddog - # владеет один человек\&. - # Переход из одной записи в другую - # можно сделать без запроса пароля\&. + # Perhaps terry and birddog are accounts + # owned by the same person\&. + # Access can be arranged between them + # with no password\&. # terry:birddog:NOPASS birddog:terry:NOPASS @@ -137,9 +138,9 @@ is necessary\&. Может быть несколько угроз\&. Анализатор файла, в частности, не прощает синтаксических ошибок, ожидая, что не будет недопустимых пробелов (кроме как в начале и конце строк) и специальных слов, разделяющих различные вещи\&. .SH "ДИАГНОСТИКА" .PP -Ошибки при анализе файла выводятся с помощью +An error parsing the file is reported using \fBsyslogd\fR(8) -с уровнем ERR средства AUTH\&. +as level ERR on facility AUTH\&. .SH "СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ" .PP \fBsu\fR(1)\&. diff --git a/man/ru/man8/chgpasswd.8 b/man/ru/man8/chgpasswd.8 index 80536ccd..5b44ed53 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/chgpasswd.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/chgpasswd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chgpasswd .\" Author: Thomas K\(/loczko <kloczek@pld.org.pl> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "chgpasswd" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "chgpasswd" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,13 +34,13 @@ chgpasswd \- обновляет пароли групп в пакетном ре \fBchgpasswd\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBchgpasswd\fR -читает список пар \(Foгруппа пароль\(Fc из стандартного входного потока и обновляет информацию о существующих группах\&. Каждая строка имеет вид: +command reads a list of group name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a set of existing groups\&. Each line is of the format: .PP -\fIимя_группы\fR:\fIпароль\fR +\fIgroup_name\fR:\fIpassword\fR .PP -По умолчанию, передаваемый пароль должен быть в виде обычного текста и шифруется командой +By default the supplied password must be in clear\-text, and is encrypted by \fBchgpasswd\fR\&. .PP The default encryption algorithm can be defined for the system with the @@ -55,8 +55,9 @@ options\&. Данная команда предназначена для работы в крупных системных средах, где за один раз заводится несколько учётных записей\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBchgpasswd\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBchgpasswd\fR +command are: .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR .RS 4 @@ -80,12 +81,13 @@ options\&. Использовать алгоритм шифрования MD5 вместо DES, если пароли передаются не шифрованными\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR @@ -98,7 +100,7 @@ options\&. .sp Вы можете использовать этот параметр только при методе шифрования SHA256 или SHA512\&. .sp -По умолчанию, количество раундов определяется переменными SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS и SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS из +By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .SH "ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ" @@ -108,27 +110,29 @@ options\&. Вы должны проверить, что пароль и метод шифрования соответствует политике системных паролей\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (строка) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Задаёт системный алгоритм шифрования по умолчанию для шифрования паролей (используется, если алгоритм не указан в командной строке)\&. .sp -Возможны следующие значения: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(по умолчанию), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Замечание: этот параметр переопределяет переменную -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (число) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Максимальное количество членов в записи о группе\&. При достижения максимума заводится новая запись группы (строка) в +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(с тем же именем, паролем и тем же GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет\&. .sp @@ -139,29 +143,30 @@ options\&. Замечание: разделение групп поддерживается не всеми инструментами (даже в наборе инструментов Shadow)\&. Вы не должны использовать эту переменную, если вам действительно это ненужно\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Обозначает, что пароль должен быть зашифрован по алгоритму на основе MD5\&. Если значение равно -\fIyes\fR, то новые пароли будут зашифрованы по алгоритму на основе MD5, совместимому с используемым в новых версиях FreeBSD\&. Он поддерживает пароли неограниченной длины и имеет более длинную строку соли\&. Установите в -\fIno\fR, если вам нужно копировать шифрованные пароли в другие системы, которые не поддерживают новый алгоритм\&. По умолчанию +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Эта переменная переопределяется переменной +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -или любым параметром командной строки, который задаёт алгоритм шифрования\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Эта переменная устарела; используйте +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (число), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (число) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Если значение +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -равно +is set to \fISHA256\fR -или -\fISHA512\fR, эта переменная определяет количество раундов SHA, используемых алгоритмом шифрования по умолчанию (если количество раундов не задано в командной строке)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Увеличение количества раундов повышает сложность подбора пароля простым перебором\&. Но заметим, что при этом для аутентификации пользователей требуется большее количество процессорных ресурсов\&. .sp @@ -169,16 +174,16 @@ options\&. .sp Значения должны лежать в диапазоне 1000\-999999999\&. .sp -Если задано какое\-то одно значение \(em +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -или +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -\(em то будет использовано это значение\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Если +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, то используется большее значение\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man8/chpasswd.8 b/man/ru/man8/chpasswd.8 index 9161eb1b..67612bf8 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/chpasswd.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/chpasswd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chpasswd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "chpasswd" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "chpasswd" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,14 +34,14 @@ chpasswd \- обновляет пароли в пакетном режиме \fBchpasswd\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBchpasswd\fR -читает список пар \(Foпользователь пароль\(Fc из стандартного входного потока и обновляет информацию о существующих пользователях\&. Каждая строка имеет вид: +command reads a list of user name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a group of existing users\&. Each line is of the format: .PP -\fIимя_пользователя\fR:\fIпароль\fR +\fIuser_name\fR:\fIpassword\fR .PP -По умолчанию, передаваемый пароль должен быть в виде обычного текста и шифруется командой -\fBchpasswd\fR\&. Также, если есть срок действия пароля, то он будет обновлён\&. +By default the passwords must be supplied in clear\-text, and are encrypted by +\fBchpasswd\fR\&. Also the password age will be updated, if present\&. .PP The default encryption algorithm can be defined for the system with the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR @@ -60,23 +60,25 @@ first updates all the passwords in memory, and then commits all the changes to d Данная команда предназначена для работы в крупных системных средах, где за один раз заводится несколько учётных записей\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBchpasswd\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBchpasswd\fR +command are: .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR\ \&\fIМЕТОД\fR +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR\ \&\fIMETHOD\fR .RS 4 Использовать указанный метод для шифрования паролей\&. .sp Возможные методы: DES, MD5, NONE и SHA256 или SHA512, если эти методы поддерживается libc\&. .sp -По умолчанию (если не указан параметр\fB\-c\fR, -\fB\-m\fR -или -\fB\-e\fR), метод шифрования определяется переменной +By default (if none of the +\fB\-c\fR, +\fB\-m\fR, or +\fB\-e\fR +options are specified), the encryption method is defined by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -или +or \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -из файла +variables of /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP @@ -95,15 +97,16 @@ first updates all the passwords in memory, and then commits all the changes to d Использовать алгоритм шифрования MD5 вместо DES, если пароли передаются не шифрованными\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR\ \&\fIРАУНДОВ\fR +\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR\ \&\fIROUNDS\fR .RS 4 Использовать указанное количество раундов шифрования паролей\&. .sp @@ -113,11 +116,11 @@ first updates all the passwords in memory, and then commits all the changes to d .sp Вы можете использовать этот параметр только при методе шифрования SHA256 или SHA512\&. .sp -По умолчанию, количество раундов определяется переменными +By default, the number of rounds is defined by the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -и +and \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -в +variables in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .SH "ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ" @@ -125,45 +128,48 @@ first updates all the passwords in memory, and then commits all the changes to d Не забудьте установить права или umask, чтобы не позволить чтение не шифрованных файлов другими пользователями\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (строка) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Задаёт системный алгоритм шифрования по умолчанию для шифрования паролей (используется, если алгоритм не указан в командной строке)\&. .sp -Возможны следующие значения: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(по умолчанию), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Замечание: этот параметр переопределяет переменную -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Обозначает, что пароль должен быть зашифрован по алгоритму на основе MD5\&. Если значение равно -\fIyes\fR, то новые пароли будут зашифрованы по алгоритму на основе MD5, совместимому с используемым в новых версиях FreeBSD\&. Он поддерживает пароли неограниченной длины и имеет более длинную строку соли\&. Установите в -\fIno\fR, если вам нужно копировать шифрованные пароли в другие системы, которые не поддерживают новый алгоритм\&. По умолчанию +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Эта переменная переопределяется переменной +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -или любым параметром командной строки, который задаёт алгоритм шифрования\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Эта переменная устарела; используйте +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (число), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (число) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Если значение +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -равно +is set to \fISHA256\fR -или -\fISHA512\fR, эта переменная определяет количество раундов SHA, используемых алгоритмом шифрования по умолчанию (если количество раундов не задано в командной строке)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Увеличение количества раундов повышает сложность подбора пароля простым перебором\&. Но заметим, что при этом для аутентификации пользователей требуется большее количество процессорных ресурсов\&. .sp @@ -171,16 +177,16 @@ first updates all the passwords in memory, and then commits all the changes to d .sp Значения должны лежать в диапазоне 1000\-999999999\&. .sp -Если задано какое\-то одно значение \(em +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -или +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -\(em то будет использовано это значение\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Если +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, то используется большее значение\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP @@ -202,4 +208,5 @@ first updates all the passwords in memory, and then commits all the changes to d .PP \fBpasswd\fR(1), \fBnewusers\fR(8), -\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&. +\fBlogin.defs\fR(5), +\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&. diff --git a/man/ru/man8/faillog.8 b/man/ru/man8/faillog.8 index a4d6a2e9..c3889746 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/faillog.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/faillog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "faillog" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "faillog" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,33 +34,34 @@ faillog \- показывает записи из файла faillog или за \fBfaillog\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа \fBfaillog\fR -показывает содержимое журнала неудачных попыток (файл -/var/log/faillog)\&. Также она может быть использована для управления счётчиком неудачных попыток и их ограничением\&. При запуске +displays the contents of the failure log database (/var/log/faillog)\&. It can also set the failure counters and limits\&. When \fBfaillog\fR -без параметров выводятся записи faillog только тех пользователей, у которых имеется хотя бы одна неудачная попытка входа\&. +is run without arguments, it only displays the faillog records of the users who had a login failure\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBfaillog\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBfaillog\fR +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR .RS 4 -Показать записи faillog для всех пользователей из базы данных -faillog\&. +Display (or act on) faillog records for all users having an entry in the +faillog +database\&. .sp -Список пользователей можно ограничить с помощью параметра -\fB\-u\fR\&. +The range of users can be restricted with the +\fB\-u\fR +option\&. .sp В режиме вывода это ограничивает вывод списком существующих пользователей, но при этом для них выводятся даже пустые записи faillog\&. .sp -Параметры +With the \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-t\fR -изменяют записи пользователей, даже если они не существует в системе\&. Это полезно для сброса записей пользователей, которые были удалены или для предварительной установки политики для диапазона пользователей\&. +options, the users\*(Aq records are changed, even if the user does not exist on the system\&. This is useful to reset records of users that have been deleted or to set a policy in advance for a range of users\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -68,85 +69,90 @@ faillog\&. Показать краткую справку и закончить работу\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-lock\-secs\fR\ \&\fIСЕКУНД\fR +\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-lock\-secs\fR\ \&\fISEC\fR .RS 4 -Блокировать учётную запись на указанное количество -\fIСЕКУНД\fR -после неудачной попытки входа\&. +Lock account for +\fISEC\fR +seconds after failed login\&. .sp -Для этого параметра требуется право на запись в -/var/log/faillog\&. +Write access to +/var/log/faillog +is required for this option\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-maximum\fR\ \&\fIМАКС_ЧИСЛО\fR +\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-maximum\fR\ \&\fIMAX\fR .RS 4 -Установить максимальное количество неудачных попыток входа перед блокировкой учётной записи равным -\fIМАКС_ЧИСЛО\fR\&. +Set the maximum number of login failures after the account is disabled to +\fIMAX\fR\&. .sp -Если значение -\fIМАКС_ЧИСЛО\fR -равно 0, то количество неудачных попыток входа не ограничивается\&. +Selecting a +\fIMAX\fR +value of 0 has the effect of not placing a limit on the number of failed logins\&. .sp -Для предотвращения атаки отказа в обслуживании максимальное количество неудачных попыток входа у +The maximum failure count should always be 0 for \fIroot\fR -всегда должно быть равно 0\&. +to prevent a denial of services attack against the system\&. .sp -Для этого параметра требуется право на запись в -/var/log/faillog\&. +Write access to +/var/log/faillog +is required for this option\&. .RE .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-reset\fR .RS 4 Сбросить счётчик неудачных попыток входа\&. .sp -Для этого параметра требуется право на запись в -/var/log/faillog\&. +Write access to +/var/log/faillog +is required for this option\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIДНЕЙ\fR +\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -Показать записи faillog новее чем -\fIДНЕЙ\fR\&. +Display faillog records more recent than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fIУЧЁТНАЯ ЗАПИСЬ\fR|\fIДИАПАЗОН\fR +\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIRANGE\fR .RS 4 -Показать запись faillog или изменить счётчики неудачных попыток и ограничения (если задан параметр +Display faillog record or maintains failure counters and limits (if used with \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-m\fR -или -\fB\-r\fR) только для указанных учётных записей\&. +or +\fB\-r\fR +options) only for the specified user(s)\&. .sp -Пользователя можно указать по отдельному имени, числовому идентификатору или в виде -\fIДИАПАЗОНА\fR -пользователей\&. Такой -\fIДИАПАЗОН\fR -можно задавать в виде максимального и минимального значений(\fIUID_МИН\-UID_МАКС\fR), максимального (\fI\-UID_МАКС\fR) или минимального (\fIUID_МИН\-\fR) значения\&. +The users can be specified by a login name, a numerical user ID, or a +\fIRANGE\fR +of users\&. This +\fIRANGE\fR +of users can be specified with a min and max values (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), a max value (\fI\-UID_MAX\fR), or a min value (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR)\&. .RE .PP -Если параметры +When none of the \fB\-l\fR, -\fB\-m\fR -или +\fB\-m\fR, or \fB\-r\fR -не заданы, то +options are used, \fBfaillog\fR -показывает записи faillog указанных пользователей\&. +displays the faillog record of the specified user(s)\&. .SH "ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ" .PP -Программа \fBfaillog\fR -выводит только записи о пользователях, последняя попытка входа которых была неудачной\&. Чтобы увидеть запись о пользователе, последняя попытка входа которого была удачной, вы должны специально указать имя пользователя с помощью параметра -\fB\-u\fR, или для показа всех пользователей указать параметр -\fB\-a\fR\&. +only prints out users with no successful login since the last failure\&. To print out a user who has had a successful login since their last failure, you must explicitly request the user with the +\fB\-u\fR +flag, or print out all users with the +\fB\-a\fR +flag\&. .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP /var/log/faillog diff --git a/man/ru/man8/groupadd.8 b/man/ru/man8/groupadd.8 index a15dab12..adda8249 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/groupadd.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/groupadd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupadd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "groupadd" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "groupadd" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,34 +34,36 @@ groupadd \- создаёт новую группу \fBgroupadd\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] \fIгруппа\fR .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBgroupadd\fR -создаёт новую группу согласно указанным значениям командной строки и системным значениям по умолчанию\&. Новая группа будет добавлена в системные файлы\&. +command creates a new group account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system\&. The new group will be entered into the system files as needed\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBgroupadd\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBgroupadd\fR +command are: .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR .RS 4 -Завершить работу и вернуть состояние успешного выполнения, если группа уже существует\&. Если используется вместе с параметром -\fB\-g\fR -и указанный GID уже существует, то выбирается другой (уникальный) GID (то есть параметр +This option causes the command to simply exit with success status if the specified group already exists\&. When used with +\fB\-g\fR, and the specified GID already exists, another (unique) GID is chosen (i\&.e\&. \fB\-g\fR -игнорируется)\&. +is turned off)\&. .RE .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGID\fR .RS 4 -Числовое значение идентификатора группы (ID)\&. Оно должно быть уникальным, если не используется параметр -\fB\-o\fR\&. Значение должно быть неотрицательным\&. По умолчанию используется наименьшее значение ID большее или равное +The numerical value of the group\*(Aqs ID\&. This value must be unique, unless the +\fB\-o\fR +option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to \fBGID_MIN\fR -и большее чем у остальных групп\&. +and greater than every other group\&. .sp -Смотрите также описание +See also the \fB\-r\fR -и -\fBGID_MAX\fR\&. +option and the +\fBGID_MAX\fR +description\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -69,18 +71,21 @@ groupadd \- создаёт новую группу Показать краткую справку и закончить работу\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIКЛЮЧ\fR=\fIЗНАЧЕНИЕ\fR +\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIKEY\fR=\fIVALUE\fR .RS 4 -Изменить значения по умолчанию (GID_MIN, GID_MAX и другие), которые хранятся в файле -/etc/login\&.defs\&. Можно указать несколько параметров -\fB\-K\fR\&. +Overrides +/etc/login\&.defs +defaults (GID_MIN, GID_MAX and others)\&. Multiple +\fB\-K\fR +options can be specified\&. .sp -Пример: -\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR\ \&\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR +Example: +\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR\ \& +\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR .sp -Замечание: запись вида +Note: \fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI10\fR,\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR -пока не работает\&. +doesn\*(Aqt work yet\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR @@ -88,13 +93,13 @@ groupadd \- создаёт новую группу Разрешить добавление группы с не уникальным GID\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIПАРОЛЬ\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -Шифрованное значение пароля, которое возвращает функция -\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. По умолчанию пароль отключён\&. +The encrypted password, as returned by +\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. The default is to disable the password\&. .sp -\fBЗамечание:\fR -Этот параметр использовать не рекомендуется, так как пароль (или не шифрованный пароль) будет видим другими пользователям в списке процессов\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Вы должны проверить, что пароль соответствует политике системных паролей\&. .RE @@ -103,18 +108,20 @@ groupadd \- создаёт новую группу .RS 4 Создать системную группу\&. .sp -Числовые идентификаторы для системных групп выбираются из диапазона -\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR, определённых в -login\&.defs, а не из +The numeric identifiers of new system groups are chosen in the +\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR +range, defined in +login\&.defs, instead of \fBGID_MIN\fR\-\fBGID_MAX\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -127,29 +134,28 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (число), \fBGID_MIN\fR (число) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Диапазон идентификаторов групп, используемый в программах +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -или -\fBnewusers\fR -для создания обычных групп\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Значение по умолчанию для +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -(соотв\&. -\fBGID_MAX\fR) равно 1000 (соотв\&. 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (число) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Максимальное количество членов в записи о группе\&. При достижения максимума заводится новая запись группы (строка) в +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(с тем же именем, паролем и тем же GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет\&. .sp @@ -160,18 +166,17 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- Замечание: разделение групп поддерживается не всеми инструментами (даже в наборе инструментов Shadow)\&. Вы не должны использовать эту переменную, если вам действительно это ненужно\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (число), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (число) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Диапазон идентификаторов групп, используемый в программах +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -или -\fBnewusers\fR -для создания системных групп\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Значение по умолчанию для +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -(соотв\&.\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) равно 101 (соотв\&. +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" @@ -194,48 +199,49 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .PP Имена групп должны начинаться со строчной буквы или символа подчёркивания, и должны состоять только из строчных букв, цифр, символов подчёркивания и минус\&. Они могут заканчиваться знаком доллара\&. Это можно описать регулярным выражением: [a\-z_][a\-z0\-9_\-]*[$]? .PP -Имена групп могут быть длиной не более 16 знаков\&. +Groupnames may only be up to 16 characters long\&. .PP Нельзя добавить группу NIS или LDAP\&. Это необходимо делать на соответствующем сервере\&. .PP -Если имя группы уже существует во внешней базе данных групп, например в NIS или LDAP, то +If the groupname already exists in an external group database such as NIS or LDAP, \fBgroupadd\fR -не станет создавать группу\&. +will deny the group creation request\&. .SH "ВОЗВРАЩАЕМЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ" .PP -Программа +The \fBgroupadd\fR -завершая работу, возвращает следующие значения: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -успешное выполнение +success .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -ошибка в параметрах команды +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -недопустимое значение параметра +invalid argument to option .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -не уникальный GID (если не задан параметр -\fB\-o\fR) +GID not unique (when +\fB\-o\fR +not used) .RE .PP \fI9\fR .RS 4 -не уникальное имя группы +group name not unique .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -не удалось изменить файл групп +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .SH "СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ" .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man8/groupdel.8 b/man/ru/man8/groupdel.8 index a5664021..2413b433 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/groupdel.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/groupdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "groupdel" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "groupdel" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,26 +34,28 @@ groupdel \- удаляет группу \fBgroupdel\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] \fIГРУППА\fR .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBgroupdel\fR -изменяет системные файлы учётных записей, удаляя все записи, относящиеся к -\fIГРУППЕ\fR\&. Группа с таким именем должна существовать\&. +command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to +\fIGROUP\fR\&. The named group must exist\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBgroupdel\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBgroupdel\fR +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 Показать краткую справку и закончить работу\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -71,14 +73,15 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- Вы должны вручную проверить все файловые системы, чтобы убедиться, что не осталось файлов, принадлежащих удалённой группе\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (число) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Максимальное количество членов в записи о группе\&. При достижения максимума заводится новая запись группы (строка) в +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(с тем же именем, паролем и тем же GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет\&. .sp @@ -101,33 +104,33 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "ВОЗВРАЩАЕМЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ" .PP -Программа +The \fBgroupdel\fR -завершая работу, возвращает следующие значения: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -успешное выполнение +success .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -ошибка в параметрах команды +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -указанная группа не существует +specified group doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI8\fR .RS 4 -не удалось удалить первичную пользовательскую группу +can\*(Aqt remove user\*(Aqs primary group .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -не удалось изменить файл групп +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .SH "СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ" .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man8/groupmems.8 b/man/ru/man8/groupmems.8 index 3b7c915a..cf490f31 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/groupmems.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/groupmems.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmems .\" Author: George Kraft, IV .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "groupmems" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "groupmems" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,46 +31,51 @@ groupmems \- управляет членами первичной группы пользователя .SH "СИНТАКСИС" .HP \w'\fBgroupmems\fR\ 'u -\fBgroupmems\fR \-a\ \fIимя_пользователя\fR | \-d\ \fIимя_пользователя\fR | [\-g\ \fIимя_группы\fR] | \-l | \-p +\fBgroupmems\fR \-a\ \fIuser_name\fR | \-d\ \fIuser_name\fR | [\-g\ \fIgroup_name\fR] | \-l | \-p .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBgroupmems\fR -позволяет пользователю управлять списком членов своей группы не имея привилегий суперпользователя\&. Программа +command allows a user to administer their own group membership list without the requirement of superuser privileges\&. The \fBgroupmems\fR -работает в системах, где в качестве первичной группы пользователя является группа с именем совпадающим с именем пользователя (то есть, guest / guest)\&. +utility is for systems that configure its users to be in their own name sake primary group (i\&.e\&., guest / guest)\&. .PP -Только суперпользователь как администратор может использовать -\fBgroupmems\fR, чтобы изменить список членов не своей группы\&. +Only the superuser, as administrator, can use +\fBgroupmems\fR +to alter the memberships of other groups\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBgroupmems\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBgroupmems\fR +command are: .PP -\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIимя_пользователя\fR +\fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIuser_name\fR .RS 4 Add a user to the group membership list\&. .sp -Если существует файл +If the +/etc/gshadow +file exist, and the group has no entry in the /etc/gshadow -и записи о группе нет в файле -/etc/gshadow, то будет создана новая запись\&. +file, a new entry will be created\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fIимя_пользователя\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fIuser_name\fR .RS 4 Удалить пользователя из группы\&. .sp -Если существует файл -/etc/gshadow, то пользователь будет удалён из списка членов и администраторов группы\&. +If the +/etc/gshadow +file exist, the user will be removed from the list of members and administrators of the group\&. .sp -Если существует файл +If the +/etc/gshadow +file exist, and the group has no entry in the /etc/gshadow -и записи о группе нет в файле -/etc/gshadow, то будет создана новая запись\&. +file, a new entry will be created\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR\ \&\fIимя_группы\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR\ \&\fIgroup_name\fR .RS 4 Суперпользователь может указать группу, в которой нужно изменить список членов\&. .RE @@ -89,31 +94,35 @@ Add a user to the group membership list\&. .RS 4 Вычистить всех пользователей из списка членов группы\&. .sp -Если существует файл +If the +/etc/gshadow +file exist, and the group has no entry in the /etc/gshadow -и записи о группе нет в файле -/etc/gshadow, то будет создана новая запись\&. +file, a new entry will be created\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -Исполняемый файл программы +The \fBgroupmems\fR -должен иметь права -2770, принадлежать пользователю +executable should be in mode +2770 +as user \fIroot\fR -и группе -\fIgroups\fR\&. Системный администратор может добавлять пользователей в группу -\fIgroups\fR, разрешая или запрещая им запускать программу +and in group +\fIgroups\fR\&. The system administrator can add users to group +\fIgroups\fR +to allow or disallow them using the \fBgroupmems\fR -для управления членством в своей группе\&. +utility to manage their own group membership list\&. .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -130,14 +139,15 @@ Add a user to the group membership list\&. .\} .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (число) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Максимальное количество членов в записи о группе\&. При достижения максимума заводится новая запись группы (строка) в +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(с тем же именем, паролем и тем же GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет\&. .sp diff --git a/man/ru/man8/groupmod.8 b/man/ru/man8/groupmod.8 index c44bab7c..993571a0 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/groupmod.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/groupmod.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmod .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "groupmod" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "groupmod" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,41 +34,42 @@ groupmod \- изменяет определение группы в систем \fBgroupmod\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] \fIГРУППА\fR .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Команда +The \fBgroupmod\fR -изменяет определение указанной -\fIГРУППЫ\fR, изменяя соответствующую запись в базе данных групп\&. +command modifies the definition of the specified +\fIGROUP\fR +by modifying the appropriate entry in the group database\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBgroupmod\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBgroupmod\fR +command are: .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGID\fR .RS 4 -Имя группы будет изменено с -\fIГРУППА\fR -на +The group ID of the given +\fIGROUP\fR +will be changed to \fIGID\fR\&. .sp -Десятичное значение +The value of \fIGID\fR -должно быть неотрицательным\&. Это значение должно быть уникальным, если не указан параметр -\fB\-o\fR\&. +must be a non\-negative decimal integer\&. This value must be unique, unless the +\fB\-o\fR +option is used\&. .sp У пользователей, которых эта группа является первичной, будет выполнено соответствующее обновление\&. .sp -У всех файлов, которые имеют ID старой группы и должны продолжать принадлежать -\fIGROUP\fR, нужно изменить их ID вручную\&. +Any files that have the old group ID and must continue to belong to +\fIGROUP\fR, must have their group ID changed manually\&. .sp -Никаких проверок по +No checks will be performed with regard to the \fBGID_MIN\fR, \fBGID_MAX\fR, -\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -или +\fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR, or \fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR -из -/etc/login\&.defs -не производится\&. +from +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -76,40 +77,42 @@ groupmod \- изменяет определение группы в систем Показать краткую справку и закончить работу\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-new\-name\fR\ \&\fIНОВАЯ_ГРУППА\fR +\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-new\-name\fR\ \&\fINEW_GROUP\fR .RS 4 -Имя группы будет изменено с -\fIГРУППА\fR -на -\fIНОВАЯ_ГРУППА\fR\&. +The name of the group will be changed from +\fIGROUP\fR +to +\fINEW_GROUP\fR +name\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR .RS 4 -При использовании с параметром +When used with the \fB\-g\fR -разрешается изменять +option, allow to change the group \fIGID\fR -группы не уникальным значением\&. +to a non\-unique value\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIПАРОЛЬ\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -Шифрованное значение пароля, которое возвращает функция +The encrypted password, as returned by \fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. .sp -\fBЗамечание:\fR -Этот параметр использовать не рекомендуется, так как пароль (или не шифрованный пароль) будет видим другими пользователям в списке процессов\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Вы должны проверить, что пароль соответствует политике системных паролей\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -122,14 +125,15 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (число) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Максимальное количество членов в записи о группе\&. При достижения максимума заводится новая запись группы (строка) в +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(с тем же именем, паролем и тем же GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет\&. .sp @@ -162,9 +166,9 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "ВОЗВРАЩАЕМЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ" .PP -Команда +The \fBgroupmod\fR -завершая работу, возвращает следующие значения: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 diff --git a/man/ru/man8/grpck.8 b/man/ru/man8/grpck.8 index a5e8abef..f5bcc931 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/grpck.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/grpck.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: grpck .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "grpck" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "grpck" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ grpck \- проверяет корректность файлов групп \fBgrpck\fR [параметры] [\fIгруппа\fR\ [\ \fIshadow\fR\ ]] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBgrpck\fR -проверяет целостность информации о группах в системе\&. Проверяются формат и правильность данных всех записей в файлах +command verifies the integrity of the groups information\&. It checks that all entries in /etc/group -и -/etc/gshadow\&. В случае обнаружения ошибок пользователю предлагается подтвердить удаление записей, имеющих неверный формат или восстановление которых невозможно\&. +and /etc/gshadow +have the proper format and contain valid data\&. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors\&. .PP Выполняются следующие проверки: .sp @@ -73,8 +73,8 @@ grpck \- проверяет корректность файлов групп .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -корректность идентификатора группы -(только для /etc/group) +a valid group identifier +(/etc/group only) .RE .sp .RS 4 @@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ grpck \- проверяет корректность файлов групп .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -корректность списка членов -и администраторов +a valid list of members +and administrators .RE .sp .RS 4 @@ -97,31 +97,36 @@ grpck \- проверяет корректность файлов групп .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -соответствие записи в файле +a corresponding entry in the /etc/gshadow -(и +file (respectively /etc/group -при проверках -gshadow) +for the +gshadow +checks) .RE .PP -Ошибки в количестве полей и уникальности имён групп невосстановимы\&. Если запись содержит неверное число полей, пользователя попросят подтвердить удаление всей строки\&. Если пользователь ответит отрицательно, дальнейшая проверка выполняться не будет\&. При ошибке повторения имени группы также возникает запрос на удаление, но в случае отказа проверка будет продолжена\&. Обо всех остальных ошибках выводится предупреждение и пользователю предлагается запустить команду -\fBgroupmod\fR, чтобы исправить ошибку\&. +The checks for correct number of fields and unique group name are fatal\&. If an entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line\&. If the user does not answer affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed\&. An entry with a duplicated group name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made\&. All other errors are warnings and the user is encouraged to run the +\fBgroupmod\fR +command to correct the error\&. .PP -Команды, которые работают с файлом +The commands which operate on the /etc/group -и /etc/gshadow, не способны изменить повреждённые или дублирующиеся записи\&. В этом случае нужно использовать +and /etc/gshadow files +are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries\&. \fBgrpck\fR -для удаления испорченной записи\&. +should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entries\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры -\fB\-r\fR, +The +\fB\-r\fR +and \fB\-s\fR -не могут использоваться одновременно\&. +options cannot be combined\&. .PP -Параметры команды -\fBgrpck\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBgrpck\fR +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -130,26 +135,28 @@ gshadow) .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-read\-only\fR .RS 4 -Запускать команду +Execute the \fBgrpck\fR -в режиме только для чтения\&. При этом на все вопросы об изменениях устанавливается ответ -\fIнет\fR -и участие пользователя не требуется\&. +command in read\-only mode\&. This causes all questions regarding changes to be answered +\fIno\fR +without user intervention\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sort\fR .RS 4 -Отсортировать все записи в файле -/etc/groupи /etc/gshadow -по числовому идентификатору группы (GID)\&. +Sort entries in +/etc/group +and /etc/gshadow +by GID\&. .RE .PP By default, @@ -161,14 +168,15 @@ and /etc/gshadow\&. The user may select alternate files with the and \fIshadow\fR parameters\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (число) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Максимальное количество членов в записи о группе\&. При достижения максимума заводится новая запись группы (строка) в +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(с тем же именем, паролем и тем же GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет\&. .sp @@ -196,43 +204,44 @@ and \fIshadow\fR parameters\&. .RE .SH "ВОЗВРАЩАЕМЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ" .PP -Команда +The \fBgrpck\fR -завершая работу, возвращает следующие значения: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -успешное выполнение +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -ошибка в параметрах команды +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -есть одна или более неправильных записей групп +one or more bad group entries .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -не удалось открыть файл групп +can\*(Aqt open group files .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -не удалось заблокировать файл групп +can\*(Aqt lock group files .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -не удалось изменить файл групп +can\*(Aqt update group files .RE .SH "СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ" .PP \fBgroup\fR(5), \fBgroupmod\fR(8), -\fBgshadow\fR(5),\fBpasswd\fR(5), +\fBgshadow\fR(5), +\fBpasswd\fR(5), \fBpwck\fR(8), \fBshadow\fR(5)\&. diff --git a/man/ru/man8/lastlog.8 b/man/ru/man8/lastlog.8 index cbdf456e..83ad6567 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/lastlog.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/lastlog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: lastlog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "lastlog" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "lastlog" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,24 +34,25 @@ lastlog \- выводит отчёт о последней регистраци \fBlastlog\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа \fBlastlog\fR -упорядочивает и выводит содержимое файла -/var/log/lastlog, который содержит даты последнего входа пользователей в систему\&. Выводятся -\fIимя пользователя\fR, -\fIпорт\fR -и -\fIдата последнего входа в систему\fR\&. По умолчанию (вызов без параметров) показываются записи файла lastlog, отсортированные согласно расположению пользователей в файле +formats and prints the contents of the last login log +/var/log/lastlog +file\&. The +\fIlogin\-name\fR, +\fIport\fR, and +\fIlast login time\fR +will be printed\&. The default (no flags) causes lastlog entries to be printed, sorted by their order in /etc/passwd\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBlastlog\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBlastlog\fR +command are: .PP -\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-before\fR\ \&\fIДНЕЙ\fR +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-before\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -Показать записи lastlog за последние -\fIДНЕЙ\fR\&. +Print only lastlog records older than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-C\fR, \fB\-\-clear\fR @@ -66,12 +67,13 @@ Clear lastlog record of a user\&. This option can be used only together with Показать краткую справку и закончить работу\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-S\fR, \fB\-\-set\fR @@ -81,37 +83,40 @@ Set lastlog record of a user to the current time\&. This option can be used only (\fB\-\-user\fR))\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIДНЕЙ\fR +\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -Показать записи lastlog новее чем -\fIДНЕЙ\fR\&. +Print the lastlog records more recent than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fIУЧЁТНАЯ ЗАПИСЬ\fR|\fIДИАПАЗОН\fR +\fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIRANGE\fR .RS 4 Показать запись lastlog только для указанного пользователя(ей)\&. .sp -Пользователя можно указать по отдельному имени, числовому идентификатору или в виде -\fIДИАПАЗОНА\fR -пользователей\&. Такой -\fIДИАПАЗОН\fR -можно задавать в виде максимального и минимального значений(\fIUID_МИН\-UID_МАКС\fR), максимального (\fI\-UID_МАКС\fR) или минимального (\fIUID_МИН\-\fR) значения\&. +The users can be specified by a login name, a numerical user ID, or a +\fIRANGE\fR +of users\&. This +\fIRANGE\fR +of users can be specified with a min and max values (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), a max value (\fI\-UID_MAX\fR), or a min value (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR)\&. .RE .PP -Если пользователь никогда не регистрировался в системе, то будет показано сообщение -\fI** Никогда не входил в систему**\fR -вместо названия порта и даты\&. +If the user has never logged in the message +\fI** Never logged in**\fR +will be displayed instead of the port and time\&. .PP Будут показаны записи только для пользователей, имеющих в системе данный момент\&. В журнале могут существовать записи для удалённых ранее пользователей\&. .SH "ЗАМЕЧАНИЕ" .PP -Файл +The lastlog -содержит информацию о последней регистрации в системе каждого пользователя\&. Вы не должны применять к нему ротацию журнальных файлов\&. Этот файл является разреженным, поэтому его размер на диске гораздо меньше, чем показывает команда \(Fo\fBls \-l\fR\(Fc (которая может показывать, что это очень большой файл, если значения идентификаторов пользователей в системе достигают больших значений)\&. Чтобы увидеть реальный размер введите \(Fo\fBls \-s\fR\(Fc\&. +file is a database which contains info on the last login of each user\&. You should not rotate it\&. It is a sparse file, so its size on the disk is usually much smaller than the one shown by "\fBls \-l\fR" (which can indicate a really big file if you have in +passwd +users with a high UID)\&. You can display its real size with "\fBls \-s\fR"\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number) .RS 4 diff --git a/man/ru/man8/logoutd.8 b/man/ru/man8/logoutd.8 index 5b843e0a..0e5f5085 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/logoutd.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/logoutd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: logoutd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "logoutd" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "logoutd" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,16 +34,16 @@ logoutd \- контролирует временные интервалы раб \fBlogoutd\fR .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа \fBlogoutd\fR -контролирует временные ограничения работы в системе и порты, заданные в файле -/etc/porttime\&. Программа +enforces the login time and port restrictions specified in +/etc/porttime\&. \fBlogoutd\fR -должна запускаться из сценария -/etc/rc\&. Файл +should be started from +/etc/rc\&. The /var/run/utmp -периодически сканируется и для каждого имени пользователя проверяется, разрешено ли данному пользователю работать в настоящий момент на данном порту\&. Любой сеанс, который нарушает ограничения, описанные в файле -/etc/porttime, будет завершён\&. +file is scanned periodically and each user name is checked to see if the named user is permitted on the named port at the current time\&. Any login session which is violating the restrictions in +/etc/porttime +is terminated\&. .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP /etc/porttime diff --git a/man/ru/man8/newusers.8 b/man/ru/man8/newusers.8 index 309c3851..951c6462 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/newusers.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/newusers.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newusers .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "newusers" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "newusers" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ newusers \- обновляет и создаёт новые учётные за \fBnewusers\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] [\fIфайл\fR] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBnewusers\fR -читает -\fIфайл\fR -(или по умолчанию стандартный ввод) и использует эту информацию для обновления группы существующих или создания новых учётных записей\&. Каждая строка имеет формат стандартного файла паролей (смотрите -\fBpasswd\fR(5)) за исключением: +command reads a +\fIfile\fR +(or the standard input by default) and uses this information to update a set of existing users or to create new users\&. Each line is in the same format as the standard password file (see +\fBpasswd\fR(5)) with the exceptions explained below: .PP pw_name:pw_passwd:pw_uid:pw_gid:pw_gecos:pw_dir:pw_shell .PP @@ -75,21 +75,19 @@ If this field contains the name of an existing user (or the name of a user creat .RS 4 Это поле используется для определения ID первичной группы пользователя\&. .sp -Если в этом поле содержится имя существующей группы (или группы, созданной -\fBnewusers\fR -ранее), то в качестве ID первичной группы пользователя будет использован GID этой группы\&. +If this field contains the name of an existing group (or a group created before by +\fBnewusers\fR), the GID of this group will be used as the primary group ID for the user\&. .sp Если в этом поле содержится число, то это число будет использовано как ID первичной группы пользователя\&. Если с таким GID не существует, то будет создана новая группа с этим GID и именем пользователя\&. .sp -Если это поле пусто, то новая группа будет создана с именем пользователя, а GID будет определён +If this field is empty, a new group will be created with the name of the user and a GID will be automatically defined by \fBnewusers\fR -автоматически (для использования в качестве ID первичной группы пользователя и GID новой группы)\&. +to be used as the primary group ID for the user and as the GID for the new group\&. .sp -Если поле содержит имя группы, которой не существует (и которая не была создана -\fBnewusers\fR -ранее), то будет создана новая группа с указанным именем, GID будет определён +If this field contains the name of a group which does not exist (and was not created before by +\fBnewusers\fR), a new group will be created with the specified name and a GID will be automatically defined by \fBnewusers\fR -автоматически (для использования в качестве ID первичной группы пользователя и GID новой группы)\&. +to be used as the primary group ID for the user and GID for the new group\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_gecos\fR @@ -103,9 +101,9 @@ If this field contains the name of an existing user (or the name of a user creat .sp Если это поле указывает на несуществующий каталог, то указанный каталог создаётся, его владельцем назначается создаваемый или обновляемый пользователь и его первичная группа\&. .sp -Если изменяется домашний каталог существующего пользователя, то команда +If the home directory of an existing user is changed, \fBnewusers\fR -не перемещает или копирует содержимое старого каталога в новое место\&. Это нужно выполнить вручную\&. +does not move or copy the content of the old directory to the new location\&. This should be done manually\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_shell\fR @@ -113,15 +111,20 @@ If this field contains the name of an existing user (or the name of a user creat В этом поле задаётся пользовательская оболочка\&. Никаких проверок поля не делается\&. .RE .PP -Команда \fBnewusers\fR -сначала пытается создать или изменить всех указанных пользователей, а затем записать эти изменения в базы данных пользователей или групп\&. Если происходит ошибка (кроме ошибок при последней записи в базы данных), то изменения в базы не сохраняются\&. +first tries to create or change all the specified users, and then write these changes to the user or group databases\&. If an error occurs (except in the final writes to the databases), no changes are committed to the databases\&. .PP Данная команда предназначена для работы в крупных системных средах, где за один раз обновляется несколько учётных записей\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBnewusers\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBnewusers\fR +command are: +.PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR .RS 4 @@ -139,22 +142,24 @@ If this field contains the name of an existing user (or the name of a user creat .RS 4 Создать системную учётную запись\&. .sp -Системные пользователи создаются без информации об устаревании в -/etc/shadow, и их числовые идентификаторы выбираются из диапазона -\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR, определённого в -login\&.defs, а не из +System users will be created with no aging information in +/etc/shadow, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the +\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR +range, defined in +login\&.defs, instead of \fBUID_MIN\fR\-\fBUID_MAX\fR -(это же касается и части с +(and their \fBGID\fR -при создании групп)\&. +counterparts for the creation of groups)\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sha\-rounds\fR @@ -167,7 +172,7 @@ login\&.defs, а не из .sp Вы можете использовать этот параметр только при методе шифрования SHA256 или SHA512\&. .sp -По умолчанию, количество раундов определяется переменными SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS и SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS из +By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .SH "ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ" @@ -177,42 +182,42 @@ login\&.defs, а не из Вы должны проверить, что пароль и метод шифрования соответствует политике системных паролей\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (строка) +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 Задаёт системный алгоритм шифрования по умолчанию для шифрования паролей (используется, если алгоритм не указан в командной строке)\&. .sp -Возможны следующие значения: +It can take one of these values: \fIDES\fR -(по умолчанию), +(default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -Замечание: этот параметр переопределяет переменную -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR\&. +Note: this parameter overrides the +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR +variable\&. .RE .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (число), \fBGID_MIN\fR (число) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Диапазон идентификаторов групп, используемый в программах +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -или -\fBnewusers\fR -для создания обычных групп\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Значение по умолчанию для +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -(соотв\&. -\fBGID_MAX\fR) равно 1000 (соотв\&. 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (число) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Максимальное количество членов в записи о группе\&. При достижения максимума заводится новая запись группы (строка) в +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(с тем же именем, паролем и тем же GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет\&. .sp @@ -223,44 +228,45 @@ login\&.defs, а не из Замечание: разделение групп поддерживается не всеми инструментами (даже в наборе инструментов Shadow)\&. Вы не должны использовать эту переменную, если вам действительно это ненужно\&. .RE .PP -\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -Обозначает, что пароль должен быть зашифрован по алгоритму на основе MD5\&. Если значение равно -\fIyes\fR, то новые пароли будут зашифрованы по алгоритму на основе MD5, совместимому с используемым в новых версиях FreeBSD\&. Он поддерживает пароли неограниченной длины и имеет более длинную строку соли\&. Установите в -\fIno\fR, если вам нужно копировать шифрованные пароли в другие системы, которые не поддерживают новый алгоритм\&. По умолчанию +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is \fIno\fR\&. .sp -Эта переменная переопределяется переменной +This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -или любым параметром командной строки, который задаёт алгоритм шифрования\&. +variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -Эта переменная устарела; используйте +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (число) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное число дней использования пароля\&. Если пароль старее этого числа, то будет запущена процедура смены пароля\&. Если значение не задано, то предполагается значение \-1 (то есть возможность ограничения не используется)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (число) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное число дней между изменениями пароля\&. Любая смена пароля ранее заданного срока выполнена не будет\&. Если значение не задано, то предполагается значение \-1 (то есть возможность ограничения не используется)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (число) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Число дней за которое начнёт выдаваться предупреждение об устаревании пароля\&. Нулевое значение означает, что предупреждение выдаётся в день устаревания, при отрицательном значении предупреждение выдаваться не будет\&. Если значение не задано, выдача предупреждения отключается\&. .RE .PP -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (число), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (число) +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 -Если значение +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -равно +is set to \fISHA256\fR -или -\fISHA512\fR, эта переменная определяет количество раундов SHA, используемых алгоритмом шифрования по умолчанию (если количество раундов не задано в командной строке)\&. +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp Увеличение количества раундов повышает сложность подбора пароля простым перебором\&. Но заметим, что при этом для аутентификации пользователей требуется большее количество процессорных ресурсов\&. .sp @@ -268,16 +274,16 @@ login\&.defs, а не из .sp Значения должны лежать в диапазоне 1000\-999999999\&. .sp -Если задано какое\-то одно значение \(em +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -или +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -\(em то будет использовано это значение\&. +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -Если +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, то используется большее значение\&. +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .PP \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (number) @@ -326,65 +332,63 @@ The default values for are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (число), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (число) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Диапазон идентификаторов групп, используемый в программах +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -или -\fBnewusers\fR -для создания системных групп\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Значение по умолчанию для +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -(соотв\&.\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) равно 101 (соотв\&. +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (число), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (число) +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Диапазон идентификаторов пользователей, используемый в программах +Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by \fBuseradd\fR -или -\fBnewusers\fR -для создания системных пользователей\&. +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Значение по умолчанию для +The default value for \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -(соотв\&. -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) равно 101 (соотв\&. +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUID_MAX\fR (число), \fBUID_MIN\fR (число) +\fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Диапазон идентификаторов пользователей, используемый в программах +Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by \fBuseradd\fR -или -\fBnewusers\fR -для создания обычных пользователей\&. +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Значение по умолчанию для +The default value for \fBUID_MIN\fR -(соотв\&. -\fBUID_MAX\fR) равно 1000 (соотв\&. 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (число) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 Задаёт начальное значение маски доступа для создаваемых файлов\&. Если не указано, то маска устанавливается в 022\&. .sp -Команды \fBuseradd\fR -и +and \fBnewusers\fR -используют эту маску для установки прав доступа к домашнему каталогу, который они создают\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Также она используется программой +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -для задания начального значения umask пользователя\&. Заметим, что эта маска может быть переопределена из пользовательской строки GECOS (если установлена переменная -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR) или указанием ограничения с идентификатором -\fIK\fR, в +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the +\fIK\fR +identifier in \fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" diff --git a/man/ru/man8/nologin.8 b/man/ru/man8/nologin.8 index d3f2dbb3..5814847a 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/nologin.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/nologin.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: nologin .\" Author: Nicolas Fran\(,cois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "nologin" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "nologin" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ nologin \- вежливо отказывает во входе в систему \fBnologin\fR .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBnologin\fR -выдаёт сообщение, что учётная запись недоступна и завершает работу с ненулевым кодом возврата\&. Она предназначена для замены оболочки командной строки в поле оболочки у заблокированных учётных записей\&. +command displays a message that an account is not available and exits non\-zero\&. It is intended as a replacement shell field for accounts that have been disabled\&. .PP -Чтобы заблокировать все учётные записи посмотрите справочную страницу +To disable all logins, investigate \fBnologin\fR(5)\&. .SH "СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ" .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man8/pwck.8 b/man/ru/man8/pwck.8 index c6a2b5fb..a94e4bc8 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/pwck.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/pwck.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: pwck .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "pwck" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "pwck" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,13 +34,13 @@ pwck \- проверяет целостность файлов паролей \fBpwck\fR [параметры] [\fIpasswd\fR\ [\ \fIshadow\fR\ ]] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Программа +The \fBpwck\fR -проверяет целостность информации о пользователях и аутентификации\&. Проверяется формат всех записей файлов +command verifies the integrity of the users and authentication information\&. It checks that all entries in /etc/passwd -и +and /etc/shadow -и корректность данных каждого поля\&. В случае обнаружения ошибок пользователю предлагается подтвердить удаление записей, имеющих неверный формат или восстановление которых невозможно\&. +have the proper format and contain valid data\&. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors\&. .PP Выполняются следующие проверки: .sp @@ -110,10 +110,10 @@ pwck \- проверяет целостность файлов паролей корректность регистрационной оболочки .RE .PP -Проверки shadow -выполняются, если указан второй файловый параметр или когда в системе существует файл -/etc/shadow\&. +checks are enabled when a second file parameter is specified or when +/etc/shadow +exists on the system\&. .PP Выполняются следующие проверки: .sp @@ -172,22 +172,31 @@ shadow дата последней смены пароля не находится в будущем .RE .PP -Ошибки в количестве полей и уникальности имён пользователей невосстановимы\&. Если запись содержит неверное число полей, пользователя попросят подтвердить удаление всей записи\&. Если пользователь ответит отрицательно, дальнейшая проверка выполняться не будет\&. При ошибке повторения имени пользователя также возникает запрос на удаление, но в случае отказа проверка будет продолжена\&. Обо всех остальных ошибках выводится предупреждение и пользователю предлагается запустить команду -\fBusermod\fR, чтобы исправить ошибку\&. +The checks for correct number of fields and unique user name are fatal\&. If the entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line\&. If the user does not answer affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed\&. An entry with a duplicated user name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made\&. All other errors are warning and the user is encouraged to run the +\fBusermod\fR +command to correct the error\&. .PP -Команды, которые работают с файлом -/etc/passwd, не могут изменять повреждённые или дублирующиеся записи\&. Как раз в этом случае и нужно использовать +The commands which operate on the +/etc/passwd +file are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries\&. \fBpwck\fR -для удаления испорченной записи\&. +should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entry\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры -\fB\-r\fR, +The +\fB\-r\fR +and \fB\-s\fR -не могут использоваться одновременно\&. +options cannot be combined\&. +.PP +The options which apply to the +\fBpwck\fR +command are: .PP -Параметры команды -\fBpwck\fR: +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -201,53 +210,56 @@ shadow .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-read\-only\fR .RS 4 -Выполнять команду +Execute the \fBpwck\fR -в режиме \(Foтолько чтение\(Fc\&. +command in read\-only mode\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sort\fR .RS 4 -Отсортировать все записи в файлах +Sort entries in /etc/passwd -и +and /etc/shadow -по числовому идентификатору пользователя\&. +by UID\&. .RE .PP -По умолчанию, команда +By default, \fBpwck\fR -работает с файлами +operates on the files /etc/passwd -и -/etc/shadow\&. Пользователь может указать другие файлы с помощью параметров +and +/etc/shadow\&. The user may select alternate files with the \fIpasswd\fR -и -\fIshadow\fR\&. +and +\fIshadow\fR +parameters\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (число) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное число дней использования пароля\&. Если пароль старее этого числа, то будет запущена процедура смены пароля\&. Если значение не задано, то предполагается значение \-1 (то есть возможность ограничения не используется)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (число) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное число дней между изменениями пароля\&. Любая смена пароля ранее заданного срока выполнена не будет\&. Если значение не задано, то предполагается значение \-1 (то есть возможность ограничения не используется)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (число) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Число дней за которое начнёт выдаваться предупреждение об устаревании пароля\&. Нулевое значение означает, что предупреждение выдаётся в день устаревания, при отрицательном значении предупреждение выдаваться не будет\&. Если значение не задано, выдача предупреждения отключается\&. .RE @@ -269,43 +281,43 @@ shadow .RE .SH "ВОЗВРАЩАЕМЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ" .PP -Команда +The \fBpwck\fR -завершая работу, возвращает следующие значения: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -успешное выполнение +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -ошибка в параметрах команды +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -есть одна или более записей с недопустимыми паролями +one or more bad password entries .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -не удалось открыть файл паролей +can\*(Aqt open password files .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -не удалось заблокировать файл паролей +can\*(Aqt lock password files .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -не удалось изменить файл паролей +can\*(Aqt update password files .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -не удалось отсортировать файл паролей +can\*(Aqt sort password files .RE .SH "СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ" .PP diff --git a/man/ru/man8/pwconv.8 b/man/ru/man8/pwconv.8 index bf3d1352..8eab36c2 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/pwconv.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/pwconv.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: pwconv .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "pwconv" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "pwconv" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -40,116 +40,117 @@ pwconv, pwunconv, grpconv, grpunconv \- преобразует пароли по \fBgrpunconv\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Команда +The \fBpwconv\fR -создаёт файл +command creates \fIshadow\fR -из файла +from \fIpasswd\fR -и необязательно существующего файла +and an optionally existing \fIshadow\fR\&. .PP -Команда +The \fBpwunconv\fR -создаёт файл +command creates \fIpasswd\fR -из файлов +from \fIpasswd\fR -и -\fIshadow\fR, а затем удаляет файл +and +\fIshadow\fR +and then removes \fIshadow\fR\&. .PP -Команда +The \fBgrpconv\fR -создаёт файл +command creates \fIgshadow\fR -из файла +from \fIgroup\fR -и необязательно существующего файла +and an optionally existing \fIgshadow\fR\&. .PP -Команда +The \fBgrpunconv\fR -создаёт файл +command creates \fIgroup\fR -из файлов +from \fIgroup\fR -и -\fIgshadow\fR, а затем удаляет файл +and +\fIgshadow\fR +and then removes \fIgshadow\fR\&. .PP -Эти четыре программы работают с файлами обычных или теневых паролей пользователей и групп: +These four programs all operate on the normal and shadow password and group files: /etc/passwd, /etc/group, -/etc/shadow -и +/etc/shadow, and /etc/gshadow\&. .PP -Каждая программа выполняет необходимые блокировки перед преобразованиями\&. Команды +Each program acquires the necessary locks before conversion\&. \fBpwconv\fR -и +and \fBgrpconv\fR -выполняют схожий порядок действий\&. Сначала удаляются записи из теневого файла которых нет в главном файле\&. Затем обновляются записи в теневом файле которые не содержат \(Fox\(Fc вместо пароля в главном файле\&. Далее добавляются отсутствующие теневые записи\&. Наконец, пароли в главном файле заменяются символом \(Fox\(Fc\&. Данные программы можно использовать как для первоначального преобразования, так и для обновления теневого файла, если главный файл редактировался вручную\&. +are similar\&. First, entries in the shadowed file which don\*(Aqt exist in the main file are removed\&. Then, shadowed entries which don\*(Aqt have `x\*(Aq as the password in the main file are updated\&. Any missing shadowed entries are added\&. Finally, passwords in the main file are replaced with `x\*(Aq\&. These programs can be used for initial conversion as well to update the shadowed file if the main file is edited by hand\&. .PP -Команда \fBpwconv\fR -использует значения переменных +will use the values of \fIPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR, -\fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR -и +\fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR, and \fIPASS_WARN_AGE\fR -из файла +from /etc/login\&.defs -при добавлении новых записей в файл +when adding new entries to /etc/shadow\&. .PP -Программы +Likewise \fBpwunconv\fR -и +and \fBgrpunconv\fR -также выполняют схожий порядок действий\&. Пароли в главном файле обновляются из теневого файла\&. Записи, которые существуют в главном файле, но не существуют в теневом файле оставляются как есть\&. По окончании, теневой файл удаляется\&. Информация об устаревании пароля не учитывается программой -\fBpwunconv\fR\&. Конвертируется только возможное\&. +are similar\&. Passwords in the main file are updated from the shadowed file\&. Entries which exist in the main file but not in the shadowed file are left alone\&. Finally, the shadowed file is removed\&. Some password aging information is lost by +\fBpwunconv\fR\&. It will convert what it can\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры, применимые к +The options which apply to the \fBpwconv\fR, \fBpwunconv\fR, -\fBgrpconv\fR -и -\fBgrpunconv\fR: +\fBgrpconv\fR, and +\fBgrpunconv\fR +commands are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 Показать краткую справку и закончить работу\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .SH "ОШИБКИ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ" .PP -Ошибки в файлах паролей или групп (типа неверных или дублирующихся записей) могут зациклить программу или произойдут какие\-то другие странные вещи\&. Перед конвертацией запустите +Errors in the password or group files (such as invalid or duplicate entries) may cause these programs to loop forever or fail in other strange ways\&. Please run \fBpwck\fR -и -\fBgrpck\fR, чтобы исправить возможные ошибки\&. +and +\fBgrpck\fR +to correct any such errors before converting to or from shadow passwords or groups\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -Следующая переменная настройки в +The following configuration variable in /etc/login\&.defs -изменяет поведение +changes the behavior of \fBgrpconv\fR -и +and \fBgrpunconv\fR: .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (число) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Максимальное количество членов в записи о группе\&. При достижения максимума заводится новая запись группы (строка) в +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(с тем же именем, паролем и тем же GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет\&. .sp @@ -160,22 +161,22 @@ pwconv, pwunconv, grpconv, grpunconv \- преобразует пароли по Замечание: разделение групп поддерживается не всеми инструментами (даже в наборе инструментов Shadow)\&. Вы не должны использовать эту переменную, если вам действительно это ненужно\&. .RE .PP -Следующая переменная настройки в +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -изменяет поведение +change the behavior of \fBpwconv\fR: .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (число) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное число дней использования пароля\&. Если пароль старее этого числа, то будет запущена процедура смены пароля\&. Если значение не задано, то предполагается значение \-1 (то есть возможность ограничения не используется)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (число) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное число дней между изменениями пароля\&. Любая смена пароля ранее заданного срока выполнена не будет\&. Если значение не задано, то предполагается значение \-1 (то есть возможность ограничения не используется)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (число) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Число дней за которое начнёт выдаваться предупреждение об устаревании пароля\&. Нулевое значение означает, что предупреждение выдаётся в день устаревания, при отрицательном значении предупреждение выдаваться не будет\&. Если значение не задано, выдача предупреждения отключается\&. .RE diff --git a/man/ru/man8/sulogin.8 b/man/ru/man8/sulogin.8 index 7ebdd359..45171e39 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/sulogin.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/sulogin.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: sulogin .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "sulogin" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "sulogin" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ has an entry for a single user login\&. .PP The user is prompted .PP -Type control\-d to proceed with normal startup, (or give root password for system maintenance): +Type control\-d to proceed with normal startup, +(or give root password for system maintenance): .PP Input and output will be performed with the standard file descriptors unless the optional device name argument is provided\&. .PP @@ -75,25 +76,26 @@ should execute the sulogin command in single user mode\&. As complete an environment as possible is created\&. However, various devices may be unmounted or uninitialized and many of the user commands may be unavailable or nonfunctional as a result\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBENV_HZ\fR (строка) +\fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Если установлена, то будет использоваться для определения переменной окружения HZ при входе пользователя в систему\&. Значение должно начинаться с -\fIHZ=\fR\&. Обычное значение для Linux \(em +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is \fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP -\fBENV_TZ\fR (строка) +\fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -Если установлена, то будет использоваться для определения переменной окружения TZ при входе пользователя\&. Значение может быть равно имени часового пояса, начинающегося +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -(например, -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), или полному пути к файлу с параметрами часового пояса (например, +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example /etc/tzname)\&. .sp -Если указан полный путь, но файл не существует или недоступен для чтения, то используется значение по умолчанию: +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use \fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" diff --git a/man/ru/man8/useradd.8 b/man/ru/man8/useradd.8 index 0a8d15e5..26e123a2 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/useradd.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/useradd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: useradd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "useradd" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "useradd" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -38,62 +38,68 @@ useradd \- регистрирует нового пользователя или \fBuseradd\fR \-D [\fIпараметры\fR] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -При запуске без параметра +When invoked without the \fB\-D\fR -команда +option, the \fBuseradd\fR -создаёт новую учётную запись пользователя, используя значения из командной строки и системные значения по умолчанию\&. В зависимости от параметров командной строки, команда +command creates a new user account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system\&. Depending on command line options, the \fBuseradd\fR -обновляет системные файлы, а также может создать домашний каталог нового пользователя и скопировать начальные файлы настроек\&. +command will update system files and may also create the new user\*(Aqs home directory and copy initial files\&. .PP -По умолчанию, для нового пользователя также создаётся группа (смотрите параметры +By default, a group will also be created for the new user (see \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-N\fR, -\fB\-U\fR -и +\fB\-U\fR, and \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR)\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBuseradd\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBuseradd\fR +command are: +.PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE .PP -\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR \fIБАЗОВЫЙ_КАТАЛОГ\fR +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIBASE_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Базовый системный каталог по умолчанию, если другой каталог не указан с помощью параметра -\fB\-d\fR\&. Значение -\fIБАЗОВЫЙ_КАТАЛОГ\fR -объединяется с именем учётной записи для определения домашнего каталога\&. Если не указан параметр -\fB\-m\fR, то -\fIБАЗОВЫЙ_КАТАЛОГ\fR -должен существовать\&. +The default base directory for the system if +\fB\-d\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR +is not specified\&. +\fIBASE_DIR\fR +is concatenated with the account name to define the home directory\&. If the +\fB\-m\fR +option is not used, +\fIBASE_DIR\fR +must exist\&. .sp -Если этот параметр не задан, то команда +If this option is not specified, \fBuseradd\fR -будет использовать базовый каталог, указанный в переменной +will use the base directory specified by the \fBHOME\fR -в файле -/etc/default/useradd -иначе +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or /home -(по умолчанию)\&. +by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fIКОММЕНТАРИЙ\fR +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENT\fR .RS 4 Любая текстовая строка\&. Обычно, здесь коротко описывается учётная запись, и в настоящее время используется как поле для имени и фамилии пользователя\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\-dir\fR \fIДОМАШНИЙ_КАТАЛОГ\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\-dir\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Для создаваемого пользователя будет использован каталог -\fIДОМАШНИЙ_КАТАЛОГ\fR -в качестве начального каталога\&. По умолчанию, это значение получается объединением -\fIИМЕНИ\fR -пользователя с -\fIБАЗОВЫМ_КАТАЛОГОМ\fR -и используется как имя домашнего каталога\&. Каталог -\fIДОМАШНИЙ_КАТАЛОГ\fR -необязательно должен существовать, но не будет создан, если его нет\&. +The new user will be created using +\fIHOME_DIR\fR +as the value for the user\*(Aqs login directory\&. The default is to append the +\fILOGIN\fR +name to +\fIBASE_DIR\fR +and use that as the login directory name\&. The directory +\fIHOME_DIR\fR +does not have to exist but will not be created if it is missing\&. .RE .PP \fB\-D\fR, \fB\-\-defaults\fR @@ -101,57 +107,59 @@ useradd \- регистрирует нового пользователя или Смотрите далее в подразделе \(FoИзменение значений по умолчанию\(Fc\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR \fIДАТА_УСТАРЕВАНИЯ\fR +\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 -Дата, когда учётная запись пользователя будет заблокирована\&. Дата задаётся в формате -\fIГГГГ\-ММ\-ДД\fR\&. +The date on which the user account will be disabled\&. The date is specified in the format +\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR\&. .sp -Если этот параметр не задан, то команда +If not specified, \fBuseradd\fR -будет использовать дату устаревания по умолчанию, указанную в переменной +will use the default expiry date specified by the \fBEXPIRE\fR -в файле -/etc/default/useradd, иначе пустую строку (без устаревания, по умолчанию)\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or an empty string (no expiry) by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIДНЕЙ\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 Если указано значение 0, то учётная запись блокируется сразу после устаревания пароля, а при значении \-1 данная возможность не используется\&. .sp -Если этот параметр не задан, то команда +If not specified, \fBuseradd\fR -будет использовать срок неактивности по умолчанию, указанный в переменной +will use the default inactivity period specified by the \fBINACTIVE\fR -в файле -/etc/default/useradd -или \-1 (по умолчанию)\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or \-1 by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIГРУППА\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR .RS 4 Имя или числовой идентификатор первичной группы пользователя\&. Группа с таким именем должна существовать\&. Идентификатор группы должен указывать на уже существующую группу\&. .sp -Если не указан, то поведение +If not specified, the behavior of \fBuseradd\fR -зависит от переменной +will depend on the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -в файле -/etc/login\&.defs\&. Если значение этой переменной равно +variable in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. If this variable is set to \fIyes\fR -(или в командной строке указан параметр -\fB\-U/\-\-user\-group\fR), то для пользователя будет создана группа с тем же именем как его имя для входа\&. Если значение переменной равно +(or +\fB\-U/\-\-user\-group\fR +is specified on the command line), a group will be created for the user, with the same name as her loginname\&. If the variable is set to \fIno\fR -(или в командной строке указан параметр -\fB\-N/\-\-no\-user\-group\fR), то useradd установит первичную группу нового пользователя равной значению переменной +(or +\fB\-N/\-\-no\-user\-group\fR +is specified on the command line), useradd will set the primary group of the new user to the value specified by the \fBGROUP\fR -из файла -/etc/default/useradd, или 100 (по умолчанию)\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or 100 by default\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIГРУППА1\fR[\fI,ГРУППА2,\&...\fR[\fI,ГРУППАN\fR]]] +\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGROUP1\fR[\fI,GROUP2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GROUPN\fR]]] .RS 4 -Список дополнительных групп, в которых числится пользователь\&. Перечисление групп осуществляется через запятую, без промежуточных пробелов\&. На указанные группы действуют те же ограничения, что и для группы указанной в параметре -\fB\-g\fR\&. По умолчанию пользователь входит только в начальную группу\&. +A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of\&. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace\&. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the +\fB\-g\fR +option\&. The default is for the user to belong only to the initial group\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -159,27 +167,27 @@ useradd \- регистрирует нового пользователя или Показать краткую справку и закончить работу\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-skel\fR\ \&\fIКАТАЛОГ_ШАБЛОНОВ\fR +\fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-skel\fR\ \&\fISKEL_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Каталог с шаблонами, который содержит файлы и каталоги для копирования в домашний каталог пользователя при создании домашнего каталога командой +The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in the user\*(Aqs home directory, when the home directory is created by \fBuseradd\fR\&. .sp -Этот параметр можно использовать только с параметром +This option is only valid if the \fB\-m\fR -(или -\fB\-\-create\-home\fR)\&. +(or +\fB\-\-create\-home\fR) option is specified\&. .sp -Если этот параметр не задан, то каталог шаблонов определяется переменной +If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the \fBSKEL\fR -из файла -/etc/default/useradd, или равен -/etc/skel -(по умолчанию)\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd +or, by default, +/etc/skel\&. .sp Если возможно, выполняется копирование ACL и расширенных атрибутов\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIКЛЮЧ\fR=\fIЗНАЧЕНИЕ\fR +\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIKEY\fR=\fIVALUE\fR .RS 4 Overrides /etc/login\&.defs @@ -207,38 +215,39 @@ By default, the user\*(Aqs entries in the lastlog and faillog databases are rese .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-create\-home\fR .RS 4 -Создать домашний каталог пользователя, если он не существует\&. Файлы и каталоги, содержащиеся в каталоге шаблонов (который можно указать с помощью параметра the +Create the user\*(Aqs home directory if it does not exist\&. The files and directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with the \fB\-k\fR -option), будут скопированы в домашний каталог\&. +option) will be copied to the home directory\&. .sp -По умолчанию, если этот параметр не указан и не задана переменная -\fBCREATE_HOME\fR, домашний каталог не создаётся\&. +By default, if this option is not specified and +\fBCREATE_HOME\fR +is not enabled, no home directories are created\&. .RE .PP \fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-no\-create\-home\fR .RS 4 -Не создавать домашний каталог пользователя, даже если значение системной переменной в файле +Do no create the user\*(Aqs home directory, even if the system wide setting from /etc/login\&.defs -(\fBCREATE_HOME\fR) равно +(\fBCREATE_HOME\fR) is set to \fIyes\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-N\fR, \fB\-\-no\-user\-group\fR .RS 4 -Не создавать группу с тем же именем как у пользователя, но добавить пользователя в группу, заданную параметром +Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to the group specified by the \fB\-g\fR -или переменной +option or by the \fBGROUP\fR -из файла +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .sp -Поведение по умолчанию (если не указан параметр +The default behavior (if the \fB\-g\fR, -\fB\-N\fR -и -\fB\-U\fR) определяется переменной +\fB\-N\fR, and +\fB\-U\fR +options are not specified) is defined by the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -из файла +variable in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP @@ -246,17 +255,18 @@ option), будут скопированы в домашний каталог\&. .RS 4 Разрешить создание учётной записи с уже имеющимся (не уникальным) UID\&. .sp -Этот параметр можно использовать только с параметром -\fB\-u\fR\&. +This option is only valid in combination with the +\fB\-u\fR +option\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIПАРОЛЬ\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -Шифрованное значение пароля, которое возвращает функция -\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. По умолчанию пароль отключён\&. +The encrypted password, as returned by +\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. The default is to disable the password\&. .sp -\fBЗамечание:\fR -Этот параметр использовать не рекомендуется, так как пароль (или не шифрованный пароль) будет видим другими пользователям в списке процессов\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Вы должны проверить, что пароль соответствует политике системных паролей\&. .RE @@ -265,14 +275,15 @@ option), будут скопированы в домашний каталог\&. .RS 4 Создать системную учётную запись\&. .sp -Системные пользователи создаются без информации об устаревании в -/etc/shadow, и их числовые идентификаторы выбираются из диапазона -\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR, определённого в -/etc/login\&.defs, а не из +System users will be created with no aging information in +/etc/shadow, and their numeric identifiers are chosen in the +\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR\-\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR +range, defined in +/etc/login\&.defs, instead of \fBUID_MIN\fR\-\fBUID_MAX\fR -(это же касается и части с +(and their \fBGID\fR -при создании групп)\&. +counterparts for the creation of groups)\&. .sp Note that \fBuseradd\fR @@ -283,12 +294,13 @@ will not create a home directory for such a user, regardless of the default sett options if you want a home directory for a system account to be created\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -300,38 +312,40 @@ directory and use the configuration files from the directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\-compilation target\&. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified\&. PAM authentication is using the host files\&. No SELINUX support\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fIОБОЛОЧКА\fR +\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR .RS 4 -Имя регистрационной оболочки пользователя\&. По умолчанию это поле пусто, что вызывает выбор регистрационной оболочки по умолчанию согласно значению переменной +The name of the user\*(Aqs login shell\&. The default is to leave this field blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell specified by the \fBSHELL\fR -из файла -/etc/default/useradd, или по умолчанию используется пустая строка\&. +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or an empty string by default\&. .RE .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-uid\fR\ \&\fIUID\fR .RS 4 -Числовое значение идентификатора пользователя (ID)\&. Оно должно быть уникальным, если не используется параметр -\fB\-o\fR\&. Значение должно быть неотрицательным\&. По умолчанию используется наименьшее значение ID большее или равное +The numerical value of the user\*(Aqs ID\&. This value must be unique, unless the +\fB\-o\fR +option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to \fBUID_MIN\fR -и большее чем у остальных пользователей\&. +and greater than every other user\&. .sp -Смотрите также описание +See also the \fB\-r\fR -и -\fBUID_MAX\fR\&. +option and the +\fBUID_MAX\fR +description\&. .RE .PP \fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-user\-group\fR .RS 4 Создать группу с тем же именем что и у пользователя, и добавить пользователя в эту группу\&. .sp -Поведение по умолчанию (если не указан параметр +The default behavior (if the \fB\-g\fR, -\fB\-N\fR -и -\fB\-U\fR) определяется переменной +\fB\-N\fR, and +\fB\-U\fR +options are not specified) is defined by the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -из файла +variable in /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP @@ -341,118 +355,118 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SS "Изменение значений по умолчанию" .PP -При запуске программы только с параметром +When invoked with only the \fB\-D\fR -команда +option, \fBuseradd\fR -показывает текущие значения по умолчанию\&. Если программа запускается с параметром +will display the current default values\&. When invoked with \fB\-D\fR -вместе с другими параметрами, то +plus other options, \fBuseradd\fR -обновляет значения по умолчанию этих указанных параметров\&. Изменяемые параметры: +will update the default values for the specified options\&. Valid default\-changing options are: .PP -\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR \fIБАЗОВЫЙ_КАТАЛОГ\fR +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIBASE_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Начальная часть пути нового домашнего каталога пользователя\&. Имя пользователя будет добавлено в конец -\fIДОМАШНЕГО_КАТАЛОГА\fR -для создания имени нового каталога, если при создании новой учётной записи не указан параметр -\fB\-d\fR\&. +The path prefix for a new user\*(Aqs home directory\&. The user\*(Aqs name will be affixed to the end of +\fIBASE_DIR\fR +to form the new user\*(Aqs home directory name, if the +\fB\-d\fR +option is not used when creating a new account\&. .sp -Этот параметр изменяет переменную +This option sets the \fBHOME\fR -в файле +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR \fIДАТА_УСТАРЕВАНИЯ\fR +\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 Дата, когда учётная запись пользователя заблокирована\&. .sp -Этот параметр изменяет переменную +This option sets the \fBEXPIRE\fR -в файле +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIДНЕЙ\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 Число дней, которые должны пройти после устаревания пароля, перед тем как учётная запись будет заблокирована\&. .sp -Этот параметр изменяет переменную +This option sets the \fBINACTIVE\fR -в файле +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIГРУППА\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR .RS 4 -Имя группы или ID новой первичной группы пользователя (если используется +The group name or ID for a new user\*(Aqs initial group (when the \fB\-N/\-\-no\-user\-group\fR -или когда значение переменной +is used or when the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -равно +variable is set to \fIno\fR -(файл -/etc/login\&.defs)\&. Группа с указанным именем должна существовать, а для числового идентификатора группы должна быть соответствующая запись\&. +in +/etc/login\&.defs)\&. The named group must exist, and a numerical group ID must have an existing entry\&. .sp -Этот параметр изменяет переменную +This option sets the \fBGROUP\fR -в файле +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fIОБОЛОЧКА\fR +\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR .RS 4 Имя новой регистрационной командной оболочки пользователя\&. .sp -Этот параметр изменяет переменную +This option sets the \fBSHELL\fR -в файле +variable in /etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .SH "ЗАМЕЧАНИЯ" .PP -Системный администратор сам решает, какие файлы нужно положить в каталог +The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files in the /etc/skel/ -(или в любой другой каталог шаблонов, указанный в +directory (or any other skeleton directory specified in /etc/default/useradd -или в командной строке)\&. +or on the command line)\&. .SH "ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ" .PP Нельзя добавить пользователя в группу NIS или LDAP\&. Это необходимо делать на соответствующем сервере\&. .PP -Также, если имя пользователя уже существует во внешней базе данных такой как NIS или LDAP, то +Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such as NIS or LDAP, \fBuseradd\fR -не станет создавать учётную запись пользователя\&. +will deny the user account creation request\&. .PP Имена пользователей должны начинаться со строчной буквы или символа подчёркивания, и должны состоять только из строчных букв, цифр, символов подчёркивания и минус\&. Они могут заканчиваться знаком доллара\&. Это можно описать регулярным выражением: [a\-z_][a\-z0\-9_\-]*[$]? .PP Имена пользователей могут быть длиной не более 32 знаков\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBCREATE_HOME\fR (логический) +\fBCREATE_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Определяет, должен ли создаваться по умолчанию домашний каталог для новых пользователей\&. .sp Эта переменная не влияет на системных пользователей и может быть переопределена из командной строки\&. .RE .PP -\fBGID_MAX\fR (число), \fBGID_MIN\fR (число) +\fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Диапазон идентификаторов групп, используемый в программах +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -или -\fBnewusers\fR -для создания обычных групп\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Значение по умолчанию для +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -(соотв\&. -\fBGID_MAX\fR) равно 1000 (соотв\&. 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP \fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number) @@ -464,38 +478,38 @@ No option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing lastlog entries\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (строка) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 Почтовый каталог\&. Данный параметр нужен для управления почтовым ящиком при изменении или удалении учётной записи пользователя\&. Если параметр не задан, то используется значение указанное при сборке\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Определяет расположение почтовых файлов пользователя относительно домашнего каталога\&. .RE .PP -Переменные +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -и +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -используются командами +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -и +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -для создания, перемещения или удаления почты пользователя\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Если значение +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -равно -\fIyes\fR, то они также используются для определения переменной окружения -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (число) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Максимальное количество членов в записи о группе\&. При достижения максимума заводится новая запись группы (строка) в +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(с тем же именем, паролем и тем же GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет\&. .sp @@ -506,17 +520,17 @@ option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for wri Замечание: разделение групп поддерживается не всеми инструментами (даже в наборе инструментов Shadow)\&. Вы не должны использовать эту переменную, если вам действительно это ненужно\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (число) +\fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное число дней использования пароля\&. Если пароль старее этого числа, то будет запущена процедура смены пароля\&. Если значение не задано, то предполагается значение \-1 (то есть возможность ограничения не используется)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (число) +\fBPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 Максимальное число дней между изменениями пароля\&. Любая смена пароля ранее заданного срока выполнена не будет\&. Если значение не задано, то предполагается значение \-1 (то есть возможность ограничения не используется)\&. .RE .PP -\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (число) +\fBPASS_WARN_AGE\fR (number) .RS 4 Число дней за которое начнёт выдаваться предупреждение об устаревании пароля\&. Нулевое значение означает, что предупреждение выдаётся в день устаревания, при отрицательном значении предупреждение выдаваться не будет\&. Если значение не задано, выдача предупреждения отключается\&. .RE @@ -567,78 +581,76 @@ The default values for are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (число), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (число) +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Диапазон идентификаторов групп, используемый в программах +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBgroupadd\fR -или -\fBnewusers\fR -для создания системных групп\&. +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Значение по умолчанию для +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -(соотв\&.\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) равно 101 (соотв\&. +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (число), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (число) +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Диапазон идентификаторов пользователей, используемый в программах +Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by \fBuseradd\fR -или -\fBnewusers\fR -для создания системных пользователей\&. +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Значение по умолчанию для +The default value for \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -(соотв\&. -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) равно 101 (соотв\&. +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. \fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUID_MAX\fR (число), \fBUID_MIN\fR (число) +\fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -Диапазон идентификаторов пользователей, используемый в программах +Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by \fBuseradd\fR -или -\fBnewusers\fR -для создания обычных пользователей\&. +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp -Значение по умолчанию для +The default value for \fBUID_MIN\fR -(соотв\&. -\fBUID_MAX\fR) равно 1000 (соотв\&. 60000)\&. +(resp\&. +\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUMASK\fR (число) +\fBUMASK\fR (number) .RS 4 Задаёт начальное значение маски доступа для создаваемых файлов\&. Если не указано, то маска устанавливается в 022\&. .sp -Команды \fBuseradd\fR -и +and \fBnewusers\fR -используют эту маску для установки прав доступа к домашнему каталогу, который они создают\&. +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -Также она используется программой +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -для задания начального значения umask пользователя\&. Заметим, что эта маска может быть переопределена из пользовательской строки GECOS (если установлена переменная -\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR) или указанием ограничения с идентификатором -\fIK\fR, в +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if +\fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the +\fIK\fR +identifier in \fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включает установку группы битов umask равной битам владельца (пример: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) для не суперпользователей, если uid равен gid и имя пользователя совпадает с именем первичной группы\&. .sp -Если значение равно -\fIyes\fR, то +If set to +\fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -удаляет пользовательскую группу, если в ней нет больше членов, а +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -по умолчанию создаёт группу с именем пользователя\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP @@ -688,54 +700,54 @@ Per user subordinate user IDs\&. .RE .SH "ВОЗВРАЩАЕМЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ" .PP -Команда +The \fBuseradd\fR -завершая работу, возвращает следующие значения: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -успешное выполнение +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -не удалось изменить файл паролей +can\*(Aqt update password file .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -ошибка в параметрах команды +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -недопустимое значение параметра +invalid argument to option .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -такой UID уже существует (и не задан параметр +UID already in use (and no \fB\-o\fR) .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -указанная группа не существует +specified group doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI9\fR .RS 4 -имя пользователя уже существует +username already in use .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -не удалось изменить файл групп +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .PP \fI12\fR .RS 4 -не удалось создать домашний каталог +can\*(Aqt create home directory .RE .PP \fI14\fR diff --git a/man/ru/man8/userdel.8 b/man/ru/man8/userdel.8 index 1a1af96b..c6fe8134 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/userdel.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/userdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: userdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "userdel" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "userdel" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,29 +34,30 @@ userdel \- удаляет учётную запись и файлы пользо \fBuserdel\fR [параметры] \fIУЧЁТНАЯ_ЗАПИСЬ\fR .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Команда +The \fBuserdel\fR -изменяет системные файлы учётных записей, удаляя все записи, относящиеся к указанному -\fIимени_пользователя\fR\&. Заданная учётная запись должна существовать\&. +command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to the user name +\fILOGIN\fR\&. The named user must exist\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBuserdel\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBuserdel\fR +command are: .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR .RS 4 -С этим параметром учётная запись будет удалена, даже если пользователь в этот момент работает в системе\&. Он также заставляет +This option forces the removal of the user account, even if the user is still logged in\&. It also forces \fBuserdel\fR -удалить домашний каталог пользователя и почтовый ящик, даже если другой пользователь использует тот же домашний каталог или если почтовый ящик не принадлежит данному пользователю\&. Если значение +to remove the user\*(Aqs home directory and mail spool, even if another user uses the same home directory or if the mail spool is not owned by the specified user\&. If \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -равно +is defined to \fIyes\fR -в файле +in /etc/login\&.defs -и если существует группа с именем удаляемого пользователя, то это группа будет удалена, даже если она всё ещё является первичной группой другого пользователя\&. +and if a group exists with the same name as the deleted user, then this group will be removed, even if it is still the primary group of another user\&. .sp -\fIЗамечание:\fR -Этот параметр опасно использовать; он может привести систему в нерабочее состояние\&. +\fINote:\fR +This option is dangerous and may leave your system in an inconsistent state\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -68,18 +69,20 @@ userdel \- удаляет учётную запись и файлы пользо .RS 4 Файлы в домашнем каталоге пользователя будут удалены вместе с самим домашним каталогом и почтовым ящиком\&. Пользовательские файлы, расположенные в других файловых системах, нужно искать и удалять вручную\&. .sp -Имя файла почтового ящика задаётся переменной +The mail spool is defined by the \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -в файле -login\&.defs\&. +variable in the +login\&.defs +file\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -97,41 +100,42 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (строка) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 Почтовый каталог\&. Данный параметр нужен для управления почтовым ящиком при изменении или удалении учётной записи пользователя\&. Если параметр не задан, то используется значение указанное при сборке\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Определяет расположение почтовых файлов пользователя относительно домашнего каталога\&. .RE .PP -Переменные +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -и +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -используются командами +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -и +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -для создания, перемещения или удаления почты пользователя\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Если значение +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -равно -\fIyes\fR, то они также используются для определения переменной окружения -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (число) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Максимальное количество членов в записи о группе\&. При достижения максимума заводится новая запись группы (строка) в +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(с тем же именем, паролем и тем же GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет\&. .sp @@ -142,13 +146,13 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- Замечание: разделение групп поддерживается не всеми инструментами (даже в наборе инструментов Shadow)\&. Вы не должны использовать эту переменную, если вам действительно это ненужно\&. .RE .PP -\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (строка) +\fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (string) .RS 4 Определяет программу, которая будет запущена при удалении пользователя\&. Она должна удалять любые задания at/cron/печати удаляемого пользователя (передаётся в качестве первого аргумента)\&. .sp Возвращаемый сценарием код завершения не учитывается\&. .sp -Вот простой сценарий, который удаляет задания печати, cron и at: +Here is an example script, which removes the user\*(Aqs cron, at and print jobs: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -156,43 +160,44 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .nf #! /bin/sh -# проверить все необходимые параметры +# Check for the required argument\&. if [ $# != 1 ]; then - echo "Использование: $0 имя_пользователя" + echo "Usage: $0 username" exit 1 fi -# удалить задания cron +# Remove cron jobs\&. crontab \-r \-u $1 -# удалить задания at -# Заметим, что это удалит все задания с указанным UID, -# даже если он используется для другой учётной записи\&. +# Remove at jobs\&. +# Note that it will remove any jobs owned by the same UID, +# even if it was shared by a different username\&. AT_SPOOL_DIR=/var/spool/cron/atjobs find $AT_SPOOL_DIR \-name "[^\&.]*" \-type f \-user $1 \-delete \e; -# удалить задания печати +# Remove print jobs\&. lprm $1 -# всё +# All done\&. exit 0 .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} +.sp .RE .PP -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (логический) +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 Включает установку группы битов umask равной битам владельца (пример: 022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007) для не суперпользователей, если uid равен gid и имя пользователя совпадает с именем первичной группы\&. .sp -Если значение равно -\fIyes\fR, то +If set to +\fIyes\fR, \fBuserdel\fR -удаляет пользовательскую группу, если в ней нет больше членов, а +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and \fBuseradd\fR -по умолчанию создаёт группу с именем пользователя\&. +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP @@ -227,67 +232,67 @@ Per user subordinate user IDs\&. .RE .SH "ВОЗВРАЩАЕМЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ" .PP -Команда +The \fBuserdel\fR -завершая работу, возвращает следующие значения: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -успешное выполнение +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -не удалось изменить файл паролей +can\*(Aqt update password file .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -ошибка в параметрах команды +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -указанный пользователь не существует +specified user doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI8\fR .RS 4 -пользователь сейчас работает в системе +user currently logged in .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -не удалось изменить файл групп +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .PP \fI12\fR .RS 4 -не удалось удалить домашний каталог +can\*(Aqt remove home directory .RE .SH "ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ" .PP -Команда \fBuserdel\fR -не позволит удалить учётную запись, если есть запущенные процессы, принадлежащие данной учётной записи\&. В этом случае вы можете удалить эти процессы или заблокировать пароль пользователя или учётную запись, а затем удалить учётную запись\&. Если указан параметр -\fB\-f\fR, то учётная запись будет удалена несмотря ни на что\&. +will not allow you to remove an account if there are running processes which belong to this account\&. In that case, you may have to kill those processes or lock the user\*(Aqs password or account and remove the account later\&. The +\fB\-f\fR +option can force the deletion of this account\&. .PP Вы должны вручную проверить все файловые системы, чтобы убедиться, что не осталось файлов, принадлежащих этому пользователю\&. .PP Нельзя удалить NIS атрибуты клиента NIS\&. Это необходимо сделать на NIS сервере\&. .PP -Если значение переменной +If \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -равно +is defined to \fIyes\fR -в файле -/etc/login\&.defs, то +in +/etc/login\&.defs, \fBuserdel\fR -удалит группу с именем как у пользователя\&. Чтобы избежать рассогласованности в базах данных групп и паролей, +will delete the group with the same name as the user\&. To avoid inconsistencies in the passwd and group databases, \fBuserdel\fR -проверит, что данная группа не используется в качестве первичной для другого пользователя, и выдаст предупреждение без удаления, если такое случится\&. Параметр +will check that this group is not used as a primary group for another user, and will just warn without deleting the group otherwise\&. The \fB\-f\fR -поможет удалить группу в любом случае\&. +option can force the deletion of this group\&. .SH "СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ" .PP \fBchfn\fR(1), diff --git a/man/ru/man8/usermod.8 b/man/ru/man8/usermod.8 index e4473989..fe4adf4f 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/usermod.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/usermod.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: usermod .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "usermod" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "usermod" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,62 +34,78 @@ usermod \- изменяет учётную запись пользователя \fBusermod\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] \fIУЧЁТНАЯ_ЗАПИСЬ\fR .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -Команда +The \fBusermod\fR -изменяет системные файлы учётных записей согласно переданным в командной строке параметрам\&. +command modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that are specified on the command line\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команды -\fBusermod\fR: +The options which apply to the +\fBusermod\fR +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-append\fR .RS 4 -Добавить пользователя в дополнительную группу(ы)\&. Использовать только вместе с параметром -\fB\-G\fR\&. +Add the user to the supplementary group(s)\&. Use only with the +\fB\-G\fR +option\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fIКОММЕНТАРИЙ\fR +\fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENT\fR .RS 4 -Новое значение поля комментария в файле пользовательских паролей\&. Обычно его изменяют с помощью программы -\fBchfn\fR(1)\&. +The new value of the user\*(Aqs password file comment field\&. It is normally modified using the +\fBchfn\fR(1) +utility\&. .RE .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR .RS 4 Домашний каталог нового пользователя\&. .sp -Если указан параметр -\fB\-m\fR, то содержимое текущего домашнего каталога будет перемещено в новый домашний каталог, который будет создан, если он ещё не существует\&. +If the +\fB\-m\fR +option is given, the contents of the current home directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it does not already exist\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR \fIДАТА_УСТАРЕВАНИЯ\fR +\fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 -Дата, когда учётная запись пользователя будет заблокирована\&. Дата задаётся в формате -\fIГГГГ\-ММ\-ДД\fR\&. +The date on which the user account will be disabled\&. The date is specified in the format +\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR\&. .sp -Пустое значение аргумента -\fIДАТА_УСТАРЕВАНИЯ\fR -отключает устаревание учётной записи\&. +An empty +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +argument will disable the expiration of the account\&. .sp -Для этого параметра требуется файл -/etc/shadow\&. При отсутствии в +This option requires a /etc/shadow -создаётся необходимая запись\&. +file\&. A +/etc/shadow +entry will be created if there were none\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIДНЕЙ\fR +\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 Количество дней, которые должны пройти после устаревания пароля, чтобы учётная запись заблокировалась навсегда\&. .sp Если указано значение 0, то учётная запись блокируется сразу после устаревания пароля, а при значении \-1 данная возможность не используется\&. .sp -Для этого параметра требуется файл -/etc/shadow\&. При отсутствии в +This option requires a +/etc/shadow +file\&. A /etc/shadow -создаётся необходимая запись\&. +entry will be created if there were none\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIГРУППА\fR +\fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR .RS 4 Имя или числовой идентификатор новой первичной группы пользователя\&. Группа с таким именем должна существовать\&. .sp @@ -98,33 +114,35 @@ usermod \- изменяет учётную запись пользователя Группового владельца файлов вне домашнего каталога нужно изменить вручную\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIГРУППА1\fR[\fI,ГРУППА2,\&...\fR[\fI,ГРУППАN\fR]]] +\fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGROUP1\fR[\fI,GROUP2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GROUPN\fR]]] .RS 4 -Список дополнительных групп, в которых числится пользователь\&. Перечисление групп осуществляется через запятую, без промежуточных пробелов\&. На указанные группы действуют те же ограничения, что и для группы указанной в параметре -\fB\-g\fR\&. +A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of\&. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace\&. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the +\fB\-g\fR +option\&. .sp -Если пользователь \(em член группы, которой в указанном списке нет, то пользователь удаляется из этой группы\&. Такое поведение можно изменить с помощью параметра -\fB\-a\fR, при указании которого к уже имеющемуся списку групп пользователя добавляется список указанных дополнительных групп\&. +If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user will be removed from the group\&. This behaviour can be changed via the +\fB\-a\fR +option, which appends the user to the current supplementary group list\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-login\fR\ \&\fIНОВОЕ_ИМЯ\fR +\fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-login\fR\ \&\fINEW_LOGIN\fR .RS 4 -Имя пользователя будет изменено с -\fIИМЯ\fR -на -\fIНОВОЕ_ИМЯ\fR\&. Больше ничего не меняется\&. В частности, вероятно, должно быть изменено имя домашнего каталога и почтового ящика, чтобы отразить изменение имени пользователя\&. +The name of the user will be changed from +\fILOGIN\fR +to +\fINEW_LOGIN\fR\&. Nothing else is changed\&. In particular, the user\*(Aqs home directory or mail spool should probably be renamed manually to reflect the new login name\&. .RE .PP \fB\-L\fR, \fB\-\-lock\fR .RS 4 -Заблокировать пароль пользователя\&. Это делается помещением символа \(Fo!\(Fc в начало шифрованного пароля, чтобы приводит к блокировке пароля\&. Не используйте этот параметр вместе с +Lock a user\*(Aqs password\&. This puts a \*(Aq!\*(Aq in front of the encrypted password, effectively disabling the password\&. You can\*(Aqt use this option with \fB\-p\fR -или +or \fB\-U\fR\&. .sp -Замечание: если вы хотите заблокировать учётную запись (не только доступ по паролю), также установите значение +Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the \fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR -в +to \fI1\fR\&. .RE .PP @@ -132,39 +150,40 @@ usermod \- изменяет учётную запись пользователя .RS 4 Переместить содержимое домашнего каталога в новое место\&. .sp -Этот параметр можно использовать только с параметром +This option is only valid in combination with the \fB\-d\fR -(или -\fB\-\-home\fR)\&. +(or +\fB\-\-home\fR) option\&. .sp -Команда \fBusermod\fR -пытается изменить владельцев файлов и копирует права, ACL и расширенные атрибуты, но после неё всё равно могут потребоваться некоторые ручные действия\&. +will try to adapt the ownership of the files and to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be needed afterwards\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR .RS 4 -При использовании с параметром -\fB\-u\fR, этот параметр позволяет указывать не уникальный числовой идентификатор пользователя\&. +When used with the +\fB\-u\fR +option, this option allows to change the user ID to a non\-unique value\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIПАРОЛЬ\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -Шифрованное значение пароля, которое возвращает функция +The encrypted password, as returned by \fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. .sp -\fBЗамечание:\fR -Этот параметр использовать не рекомендуется, так как пароль (или не шифрованный пароль) будет видим другими пользователям в списке процессов\&. +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp Вы должны проверить, что пароль соответствует политике системных паролей\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR @@ -176,7 +195,7 @@ directory and use the configuration files from the directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\-compilation target\&. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified\&. PAM authentication is using the host files\&. No SELINUX support\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fIОБОЛОЧКА\fR +\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR .RS 4 Имя новой регистрационной оболочки пользователя\&. Если задать пустое значение, то будет использована регистрационная оболочка по умолчанию\&. .RE @@ -185,38 +204,36 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RS 4 Новый числовой идентификатор пользователя (UID)\&. .sp -Оно должно быть уникальным, если не используется параметр -\fB\-o\fR\&. Значение должно быть неотрицательным\&. +This value must be unique, unless the +\fB\-o\fR +option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. .sp Для почтового ящика и всех файлов, которыми владеет пользователь и которые расположены в его домашнем каталоге, идентификатор владельца файла будет изменён автоматически\&. .sp Для файлов, расположенных вне домашнего каталога, идентификатор нужно изменять вручную\&. .sp -Никаких проверок по +No checks will be performed with regard to the \fBUID_MIN\fR, \fBUID_MAX\fR, -\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -или +\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR, or \fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR -из -/etc/login\&.defs -не производится\&. +from +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP \fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-unlock\fR .RS 4 -Разблокировать пароль пользователя\&. Это выполняется удалением символа \(Fo!\(Fc из начала шифрованного пароля\&. Не используйте этот параметр вместе с +Unlock a user\*(Aqs password\&. This removes the \*(Aq!\*(Aq in front of the encrypted password\&. You can\*(Aqt use this option with \fB\-p\fR -или +or \fB\-L\fR\&. .sp -Замечание: если вы хотите разблокировать учётную запись (не только доступ по паролю), также установите значение +Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the \fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR -(например, в to -\fI99999\fR -или равным значению +(for example to +\fI99999\fR, or to the \fBEXPIRE\fR -из файла +value from /etc/default/useradd)\&. .RE .PP @@ -284,11 +301,11 @@ from /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RS 4 Новый пользователь SELinux для пользовательского входа\&. .sp -При пустом значении +A blank \fISEUSER\fR -пользовательское сопоставление SELinux для пользователя +will remove the SELinux user mapping for user \fILOGIN\fR -удаляется (если есть)\&. +(if any)\&. .RE .SH "ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ" .PP @@ -296,16 +313,18 @@ You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes when th \fBusermod\fR checks this on Linux\&. On other platforms it only uses utmp to check if the user is logged in\&. .PP -Вы должны вручную изменить владельца всех файлов +You must change the owner of any \fBcrontab\fR -или заданий -\fBat\fR\&. +files or +\fBat\fR +jobs manually\&. .PP Вы должны сделать все изменения NIS на сервере NIS самостоятельно\&. .SH "НАСТРОЙКА" .PP -На работу этого инструмента влияют следующие переменные настройки из -/etc/login\&.defs: +The following configuration variables in +/etc/login\&.defs +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number) .RS 4 @@ -316,38 +335,38 @@ No option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for writing lastlog entries\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (строка) +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 Почтовый каталог\&. Данный параметр нужен для управления почтовым ящиком при изменении или удалении учётной записи пользователя\&. Если параметр не задан, то используется значение указанное при сборке\&. .RE .PP -\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (строка) +\fBMAIL_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 Определяет расположение почтовых файлов пользователя относительно домашнего каталога\&. .RE .PP -Переменные +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -и +and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -используются командами +variables are used by \fBuseradd\fR, -\fBusermod\fR -и +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -для создания, перемещения или удаления почты пользователя\&. +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -Если значение +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -равно -\fIyes\fR, то они также используются для определения переменной окружения -\fBMAIL\fR\&. +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the +\fBMAIL\fR +environment variable\&. .PP -\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (число) +\fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -Максимальное количество членов в записи о группе\&. При достижения максимума заводится новая запись группы (строка) в +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -(с тем же именем, паролем и тем же GID)\&. +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет\&. .sp diff --git a/man/ru/man8/vipw.8 b/man/ru/man8/vipw.8 index a5f33989..7f491ea6 100644 --- a/man/ru/man8/vipw.8 +++ b/man/ru/man8/vipw.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: vipw .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 06/13/2019 +.\" Date: 12/01/2019 .\" Manual: Команды управления системой -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Russian .\" -.TH "vipw" "8" "06/13/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Команды управления системой" +.TH "vipw" "8" "12/01/2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Команды управления системой" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -36,27 +36,29 @@ vipw, vigr \- позволяют редактировать файлы паро \fBvigr\fR [\fIпараметры\fR] .SH "ОПИСАНИЕ" .PP -С помощью программ +The \fBvipw\fR -и +and \fBvigr\fR -можно изменять файлы +commands edits the files /etc/passwd -и -/etc/group, соответственно\&. Если указан параметр -\fB\-s\fR, то будут редактироваться теневые версии этих файлов, +and +/etc/group, respectively\&. With the +\fB\-s\fR +flag, they will edit the shadow versions of those files, /etc/shadow -и -/etc/gshadow, соответственно\&. На время работы программы устанавливают блокировку для предотвращения повреждения файла\&. При выборе редактора программы сначала проверяют переменную окружения -\fB$VISUAL\fR, затем -\fB$EDITOR\fR, и если ничего не найдено, запускают стандартный редактор +and +/etc/gshadow, respectively\&. The programs will set the appropriate locks to prevent file corruption\&. When looking for an editor, the programs will first try the environment variable +\fB$VISUAL\fR, then the environment variable +\fB$EDITOR\fR, and finally the default editor, \fBvi\fR(1)\&. .SH "ПАРАМЕТРЫ" .PP -Параметры команд +The options which apply to the \fBvipw\fR -и -\fBvigr\fR: +and +\fBvigr\fR +commands are: .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR .RS 4 @@ -78,12 +80,13 @@ vipw, vigr \- позволяют редактировать файлы паро Не выводить сообщений при работе\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR +\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR .RS 4 -Выполнить изменения в каталоге -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR -и использовать файлы настройки из каталога -\fIКАТ_CHROOT\fR\&. +Apply changes in the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory and use the configuration files from the +\fICHROOT_DIR\fR +directory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shadow\fR @@ -99,8 +102,9 @@ vipw, vigr \- позволяют редактировать файлы паро .PP \fBEDITOR\fR .RS 4 -Редактор, который будет вызван, если не задана переменная -\fBVISUAL\fR\&. +Editor to be used if +\fBVISUAL\fR +is not set\&. .RE .SH "ФАЙЛЫ" .PP @@ -127,6 +131,7 @@ vipw, vigr \- позволяют редактировать файлы паро .PP \fBvi\fR(1), \fBgroup\fR(5), -\fBgshadow\fR(5), +\fBgshadow\fR(5) +, \fBpasswd\fR(5), , \fBshadow\fR(5)\&. diff --git a/man/shadow.5.xml b/man/shadow.5.xml index 5d20511a..79ae27a3 100644 --- a/man/shadow.5.xml +++ b/man/shadow.5.xml @@ -96,18 +96,6 @@ <term><emphasis role="bold">encrypted password</emphasis></term> <listitem> <para> - Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle> - <manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how - this string is interpreted. - </para> - <para> - If the password field contains some string that is not a valid - result of <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle> - <manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, - the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in - (but the user may log in the system by other means). - </para> - <para> This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which read the @@ -120,6 +108,18 @@ line represent the password field before the password was locked. </para> + <para> + Refer to <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle> + <manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on how + this string is interpreted. + </para> + <para> + If the password field contains some string that is not a valid + result of <citerefentry><refentrytitle>crypt</refentrytitle> + <manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, for instance ! or *, + the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in + (but the user may log in the system by other means). + </para> </listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> diff --git a/man/sv/Makefile.in b/man/sv/Makefile.in index 8225215d..f6f71472 100644 --- a/man/sv/Makefile.in +++ b/man/sv/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -202,6 +203,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -247,6 +249,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -335,7 +338,7 @@ LANG = $(notdir $(CURDIR)) @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@USE_SHA_CRYPT_TRUE@SHA_CRYPT_COND = sha_crypt @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_FALSE@SUBIDS_COND = no_subids @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_TRUE@SUBIDS_COND = subids -CLEANFILES = .xml2po.mo $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml +CLEANFILES = messages.mo login.defs.d $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml all: all-am .SUFFIXES: @@ -356,8 +359,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(srcdir)/../generate_translations.mak $(srcdir)/../generate_mans.mak $(am__empty): @@ -554,7 +557,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ @@ -715,8 +721,19 @@ uninstall-man: uninstall-man1 uninstall-man3 uninstall-man5 \ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ $(MAKE) -C .. config.xml @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ cp ../config.xml $@ -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml ../po/$(LANG).po -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ xml2po --expand-all-entities -l $(LANG) -p ../po/$(LANG).po -o $@ ../$@ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@messages.mo: ../po/$(LANG).po +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ msgfmt ../po/$(LANG).po -o messages.mo + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@login.defs.d: +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ ln -sf ../login.defs.d login.defs.d + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml messages.mo login.defs.d +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ if grep -q SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE $< ; then \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE -->/<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ else \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^\(<!DOCTYPE .*docbookx.dtd"\)>/\1 [<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;]>/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ fi +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ itstool -d -l $(LANG) -m messages.mo -o . $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -i 's:\(^<refentry .*\)>:\1 lang="$(LANG)">:' $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml-config: %.xml diff --git a/man/sv/man1/chage.1 b/man/sv/man1/chage.1 index 4663fa7f..e56d5a44 100644 --- a/man/sv/man1/chage.1 +++ b/man/sv/man1/chage.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chage .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Anv\(:andarkommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "CHAGE" "1" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" +.TH "CHAGE" "1" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -39,16 +39,16 @@ The command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change\&. This information is used by the system to determine when a user must change their password\&. .SH "FLAGGOR" .PP -Flaggorna som g\(:aller f\(:or kommandot +The options which apply to the \fBchage\fR -\(:ar: +command are: .PP -\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-lastday\fR\ \&\fISISTA_DAG\fR +\fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-lastday\fR\ \&\fILAST_DAY\fR .RS 4 Set the number of days since January 1st, 1970 when the password was last changed\&. The date may also be expressed in the format YYYY\-MM\-DD (or the format more commonly used in your area)\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-E\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIUTG\(oANGSDATUM\fR +\fB\-E\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 Set the date or number of days since January 1, 1970 on which the user\*(Aqs account will no longer be accessible\&. The date may also be expressed in the format YYYY\-MM\-DD (or the format more commonly used in your area)\&. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again\&. .sp @@ -64,7 +64,12 @@ will remove an account expiration date\&. Visa hj\(:alpmeddelande och avsluta\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINAKTIV\fR +\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-iso8601\fR +.RS 4 +When printing dates, use YYYY\-MM\-DD format\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked\&. The \fIINACTIVE\fR @@ -82,13 +87,13 @@ will remove an account\*(Aqs inactivity\&. Visa kontots \(oaldringsinformation .RE .PP -\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DAGAR\fR +\fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -S\(:atter minimalt antal dagar mellan l\(:osenords\(:andringar till -\fIMIN_DAGAR\fR\&. Ett nollv\(:arde f\(:or detta f\(:alt betyder att anv\(:andaren kan \(:andra sitt l\(:osenord n\(:ar som helst\&. +Set the minimum number of days between password changes to +\fIMIN_DAYS\fR\&. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAGAR\fR +\fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAYS\fR .RS 4 Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid\&. When \fIMAX_DAYS\fR @@ -114,7 +119,7 @@ directory and use the configuration files from the directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIVARN_DAGAR\fR +\fB\-W\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required\&. The \fIWARN_DAYS\fR @@ -128,9 +133,9 @@ operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values f marks\&. .SH "NOTERA" .PP -Programmet +The \fBchage\fR -kr\(:aver att en skuggl\(:osenordsfil finns tillg\(:anglig\&. +program requires a shadow password file to be available\&. .PP The \fBchage\fR @@ -155,28 +160,28 @@ S\(:aker anv\(:andarkontoinformation\&. .RE .SH "AVSLUTNINGSV\(:ARDEN" .PP -Kommandot +The \fBchage\fR -avslutas med f\(:oljande v\(:arden: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -lyckad +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -\(oatkomst nekad +permission denied .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -ogiltig kommandosyntax +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI15\fR .RS 4 -kan inte hitta skuggl\(:osenordsfilen +can\*(Aqt find the shadow password file .RE .SH "SE OCKS\(oA" .PP diff --git a/man/sv/man1/chsh.1 b/man/sv/man1/chsh.1 index c1046cc3..980c8a81 100644 --- a/man/sv/man1/chsh.1 +++ b/man/sv/man1/chsh.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chsh .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Anv\(:andarkommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "CHSH" "1" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" +.TH "CHSH" "1" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ The command changes the user login shell\&. This determines the name of the user\*(Aqs initial login command\&. A normal user may only change the login shell for her own account; the superuser may change the login shell for any account\&. .SH "FLAGGOR" .PP -Flaggorna som g\(:aller f\(:or kommandot +The options which apply to the \fBchsh\fR -\(:ar: +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ directory and use the configuration files from the directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISKAL\fR +\fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR .RS 4 The name of the user\*(Aqs new login shell\&. Setting this field to blank causes the system to select the default login shell\&. .RE diff --git a/man/sv/man1/expiry.1 b/man/sv/man1/expiry.1 index 2090e14e..13fccb9a 100644 --- a/man/sv/man1/expiry.1 +++ b/man/sv/man1/expiry.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: expiry .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Anv\(:andarkommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" +.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/sv/man1/groups.1 b/man/sv/man1/groups.1 index c8782fc8..acce0544 100644 --- a/man/sv/man1/groups.1 +++ b/man/sv/man1/groups.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groups .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Anv\(:andarkommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "GROUPS" "1" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" +.TH "GROUPS" "1" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/sv/man1/id.1 b/man/sv/man1/id.1 index 435a1a3c..f2a71803 100644 --- a/man/sv/man1/id.1 +++ b/man/sv/man1/id.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: id .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Anv\(:andarkommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "ID" "1" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" +.TH "ID" "1" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/sv/man1/newgrp.1 b/man/sv/man1/newgrp.1 index 66e10f28..363259a8 100644 --- a/man/sv/man1/newgrp.1 +++ b/man/sv/man1/newgrp.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newgrp .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Anv\(:andarkommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" +.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/sv/man1/passwd.1 b/man/sv/man1/passwd.1 index 2d5a2e54..1eae7771 100644 --- a/man/sv/man1/passwd.1 +++ b/man/sv/man1/passwd.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: passwd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Anv\(:andarkommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "PASSWD" "1" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" +.TH "PASSWD" "1" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -43,9 +43,9 @@ also changes the account or associated password validity period\&. .PP The user is first prompted for their old password, if one is present\&. This password is then encrypted and compared against the stored password\&. The user has only one chance to enter the correct password\&. The superuser is permitted to bypass this step so that forgotten passwords may be changed\&. .PP -Efter att l\(:osenordet har matats in kontrolleras l\(:osenordets \(oaldringsinformation f\(:or att se om anv\(:andaren till\(oats att \(:andra l\(:osenord f\(:or tillf\(:allet\&. Om inte, nekar +After the password has been entered, password aging information is checked to see if the user is permitted to change the password at this time\&. If not, \fBpasswd\fR -att \(:andra l\(:osenordet och avslutas\&. +refuses to change the password and exits\&. .PP Anv\(:andaren fr\(oagas sedan tv\(oa g\(oanger efter ett ers\(:attande l\(:osenord\&. Den andra inmatningen j\(:amf\(:ors mot den f\(:orsta och b\(oada m\(oaste st\(:amma \(:overens f\(:or att l\(:osenordet ska \(:andras\&. .PP @@ -84,9 +84,9 @@ siffrorna 0 till 9 skiljetecken .RE .PP -T\(:ank p\(oa att inte inkludera systemets standardtecken f\(:or radering eller d\(:oda\&. +Care must be taken not to include the system default erase or kill characters\&. \fBpasswd\fR -kommer att neka alla l\(:osenord som inte har l\(:amplig komplexitet\&. +will reject any password which is not suitably complex\&. .SS "Tips f\(:or anv\(:andarl\(:osenord" .PP The security of a password depends upon the strength of the encryption algorithm and the size of the key space\&. The legacy @@ -99,15 +99,15 @@ Problem i l\(:osenordss\(:akerheten brukar normalt komma fr\(oan slarvigt valda You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\&.org/wiki/Password_strength .SH "FLAGGOR" .PP -Flaggorna som g\(:aller f\(:or kommandot +The options which apply to the \fBpasswd\fR -\(:ar: +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR .RS 4 -Denna flagga kan endast anv\(:andas med +This option can be used only with \fB\-S\fR -och g\(:or att status visas f\(:or alla anv\(:andare\&. +and causes show status for all users\&. .RE .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR @@ -125,11 +125,11 @@ L\(:osenordet f\(:or ett konto s\(:atts omedelbart som utg\(oanget\&. Detta kan Visa hj\(:alpmeddelande och avsluta\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINAKTIV\fR +\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 -Denna flagga anv\(:ands f\(:or att inaktivera ett konto efter att l\(:osenordet har varit utg\(oanget i ett antal dagar\&. Efter att ett anv\(:andarkonto har haft ett utg\(oanget l\(:osenord i -\fIINAKTIV\fR -dagar f\(oar anv\(:andaren inte l\(:angre logga in med detta konto\&. +This option is used to disable an account after the password has been expired for a number of days\&. After a user account has had an expired password for +\fIINACTIVE\fR +days, the user may no longer sign on to the account\&. .RE .PP \fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-keep\-tokens\fR @@ -150,8 +150,8 @@ Users with a locked password are not allowed to change their password\&. .PP \fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -S\(:atter minimalt antal dagar mellan l\(:osenords\(:andringar till -\fIMIN_DAGAR\fR\&. Ett nollv\(:arde f\(:or detta f\(:alt betyder att anv\(:andaren kan \(:andra sitt l\(:osenord n\(:ar som helst\&. +Set the minimum number of days between password changes to +\fIMIN_DAYS\fR\&. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time\&. .RE .PP \fB\-q\fR, \fB\-\-quiet\fR @@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ S\(:atter minimalt antal dagar mellan l\(:osenords\(:andringar till Tyst l\(:age\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-repository\fR\ \&\fIF\(:ORR\(oAD\fR +\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-repository\fR\ \&\fIREPOSITORY\fR .RS 4 change password in \fIREPOSITORY\fR @@ -187,18 +187,17 @@ Unlock the password of the named account\&. This option re\-enables a password b option)\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIVARN_DAGAR\fR +\fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -S\(:atter antalet dagar f\(:or varning f\(:ore ett l\(:osenord beh\(:over \(:andras\&. Flaggan -\fIVARN_DAGAR\fR -\(:ar antalet dagar f\(:ore anv\(:andaren varnas om att l\(:osenordet \(:ar p\(oa v\(:ag att bli utg\(oanget\&. +Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required\&. The +\fIWARN_DAYS\fR +option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned that their password is about to expire\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-x\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAGAR\fR +\fB\-x\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -S\(:atter maximalt antal dagar som ett l\(:osenord ska vara giltigt\&. Efter -\fIMAX_DAGAR\fR -kr\(:avs det att l\(:osenordet \(:andras\&. +Set the maximum number of days a password remains valid\&. After +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR, the password is required to be changed\&. .sp Passing the number \fI\-1\fR @@ -316,47 +315,46 @@ Shadow password suite configuration\&. .RE .SH "AVSLUTNINGSV\(:ARDEN" .PP -Kommandot +The \fBpasswd\fR -avslutas med f\(:oljande v\(:arden: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -lyckad +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -\(oatkomst nekad +permission denied .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -ogiltig kombination av flaggor +invalid combination of options .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -ov\(:antat fel, ingenting har genomf\(:orts +unexpected failure, nothing done .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -ov\(:antat fel, filen +unexpected failure, passwd -saknas +file missing .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -Filen passwd -\(:ar upptagen, f\(:ors\(:ok igen +file busy, try again .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -ogiltigt argument till flagga +invalid argument to option .RE .SH "SE OCKS\(oA" .PP diff --git a/man/sv/man1/sg.1 b/man/sv/man1/sg.1 index e221bd4e..1407ea0d 100644 --- a/man/sv/man1/sg.1 +++ b/man/sv/man1/sg.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: sg .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Anv\(:andarkommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "SG" "1" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" +.TH "SG" "1" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Anv\(:andarkommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ sg \- k\(:or kommando med annat grupp\-id .SH "SYNOPSIS" .HP \w'\fBsg\fR\ 'u -\fBsg\fR [\-] [grupp\ [\-c]\ kommando] +\fBsg\fR [\-] [group\ [\-c\ ]\ command] .SH "BESKRIVNING" .PP The diff --git a/man/sv/man3/shadow.3 b/man/sv/man3/shadow.3 index df20d142..0d70f764 100644 --- a/man/sv/man3/shadow.3 +++ b/man/sv/man3/shadow.3 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: shadow .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Biblioteksanrop -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "SHADOW" "3" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Biblioteksanrop" +.TH "SHADOW" "3" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Biblioteksanrop" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/sv/man5/faillog.5 b/man/sv/man5/faillog.5 index 81a1534d..79fcf8f1 100644 --- a/man/sv/man5/faillog.5 +++ b/man/sv/man5/faillog.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Filformat och konversioner -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Filformat och konversioner" +.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Filformat och konversioner" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/sv/man5/gshadow.5 b/man/sv/man5/gshadow.5 index 1198fbd2..ae91b160 100644 --- a/man/sv/man5/gshadow.5 +++ b/man/sv/man5/gshadow.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: gshadow .\" Author: Nicolas Fran\(,cois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Filformat och konversioner -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Filformat och konversioner" +.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Filformat och konversioner" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ It must be a valid group name, which exist on the system\&. .PP \fBkrypterat l\(:osenord\fR .RS 4 -Referera till +Refer to \fBcrypt\fR(3) -f\(:or detaljer om hur denna str\(:ang tolkas\&. +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. .sp If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of \fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, users will not be able to use a unix password to access the group (but group members do not need the password)\&. diff --git a/man/sv/man5/limits.5 b/man/sv/man5/limits.5 index b4e62e41..a447db4f 100644 --- a/man/sv/man5/limits.5 +++ b/man/sv/man5/limits.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: limits .\" Author: Luca Berra .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Filformat och konversioner -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "LIMITS" "5" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Filformat och konversioner" +.TH "LIMITS" "5" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Filformat och konversioner" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ O: max real time priority .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -P: processprioritet, inst\(:alld av +P: process priority, set by \fBsetpriority\fR(2)\&. .RE .sp diff --git a/man/sv/man5/passwd.5 b/man/sv/man5/passwd.5 index 0033f65d..2e332ff2 100644 --- a/man/sv/man5/passwd.5 +++ b/man/sv/man5/passwd.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: passwd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Filformat och konversioner -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "PASSWD" "5" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Filformat och konversioner" +.TH "PASSWD" "5" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Filformat och konversioner" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ passwd \- l\(:osenordsfilen .SH "BESKRIVNING" .PP /etc/passwd -inneh\(oaller en rad f\(:or varje anv\(:andarkonto men sju f\(:alt separerade med kolontecken (\(rq:\(rq)\&. Dessa f\(:alt \(:ar: +contains one line for each user account, with seven fields delimited by colons (\(rq:\(rq)\&. These fields are: .sp .RS 4 .ie n \{\ @@ -111,13 +111,7 @@ anv\(:andarens hemkatalog optional user command interpreter .RE .PP -The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the -/etc/passwd -file may decide not to permit -\fIany\fR -access at all if the -\fIpassword\fR -field is blank\&. If the +If the \fIpassword\fR field is a lower\-case \(rqx\(rq, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the @@ -126,10 +120,30 @@ file instead; there \fImust\fR be a corresponding line in the /etc/shadow -file, or else the user account is invalid\&. If the +file, or else the user account is invalid\&. +.PP +The encrypted +\fIpassword\fR +field may be empty, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the +/etc/passwd +file may decide not to permit +\fIany\fR +access at all if the +\fIpassword\fR +field is blank\&. +.PP +A +\fIpassword\fR +field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the \fIpassword\fR -field is any other string, then it will be treated as an encrypted password, as specified by -\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. +field before the password was locked\&. +.PP +Refer to +\fBcrypt\fR(3) +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. +.PP +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)\&. .PP The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as \fBfinger\fR(1)\&. diff --git a/man/sv/man5/porttime.5 b/man/sv/man5/porttime.5 index bf06d8f8..4a4a6cb7 100644 --- a/man/sv/man5/porttime.5 +++ b/man/sv/man5/porttime.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: porttime .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Filformat och konversioner -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Filformat och konversioner" +.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Filformat och konversioner" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ porttime \- port access time file .SH "BESKRIVNING" .PP \fIporttime\fR -inneh\(oaller en lista av tty\-enheter, anv\(:andarnamn och till\(oatna inloggningstider\&. +contains a list of tty devices, user names, and permitted login times\&. .PP Each entry consists of three colon separated fields\&. The first field is a comma separated list of tty devices, or an asterisk to indicate that all tty devices are matched by this entry\&. The second field is a comma separated list of user names, or an asterisk to indicated that all user names are matched by this entry\&. The third field is a comma separated list of permitted access times\&. .PP @@ -52,21 +52,21 @@ may be used to indicate every day\&. If no days are given, is assumed\&. .SH "EXEMPEL" .PP -F\(:oljande post till\(oater \(oatkomst f\(:or anv\(:andaren +The following entry allows access to user \fBjfh\fR -p\(oa varje port under veckodagar fr\(oan 09\&.00 till 17\&.00\&. +on every port during weekdays from 9am to 5pm\&. .PP *:jfh:Wk0900\-1700 .PP -De f\(:oljande posterna till\(oater \(oatkomst endast till anv\(:andarna +The following entries allow access only to the users \fIroot\fR -och +and \fIoper\fR -p\(oa +on /dev/console -n\(:ar som helst\&. Detta illustrerar hur filen +at any time\&. This illustrates how the /etc/porttime -\(:ar en ordnad lista f\(:or \(oatkomsttider\&. Alla andra anv\(:andare skulle matcha den andra poster, vilken inte till\(oater n\(oagon \(oatkomst oavsett tid\&. +file is an ordered list of access times\&. Any other user would match the second entry which does not permit access at any time\&. .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -80,9 +80,9 @@ n\(:ar som helst\&. Detta illustrerar hur filen .RE .\} .PP -F\(:olajnde post till\(oater \(oatkomst f\(:or anv\(:andaren +The following entry allows access for the user \fIgames\fR -p\(oa valfri port men inte under arbetstid\&. +on any port during non\-working hours\&. .PP *:games:Wk1700\-0900,SaSu0000\-2400 .SH "FILER" diff --git a/man/sv/man5/suauth.5 b/man/sv/man5/suauth.5 index 93d4b653..121cb17b 100644 --- a/man/sv/man5/suauth.5 +++ b/man/sv/man5/suauth.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: suauth .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Filformat och konversioner -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "SUAUTH" "5" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Filformat och konversioner" +.TH "SUAUTH" "5" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Filformat och konversioner" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ Filen \(:ar i f\(:oljande format, med de rader som inleds med # behandlas som ko .RS 4 .\} .nf - till\-id:fr\(oan\-id:\(oATG\(:ARD + to\-id:from\-id:ACTION .fi .if n \{\ @@ -103,22 +103,22 @@ Note there are three separate fields delimited by a colon\&. No whitespace must .RS 4 .\} .nf - # exempelfil f\(:or /etc/suauth + # sample /etc/suauth file # - # Ett par priviligerade anv\(:andarnamn som - # kan su till root med sina egna l\(:osenord\&. + # A couple of privileged usernames may + # su to root with their own password\&. # - root:bosse,birddog:OWNPASS + root:chris,birddog:OWNPASS # - # Alla andra kan inte su till root om de inte finns - # gruppen wheel\&. Det \(:ar s\(oa BSD g\(:or saker\&. + # Anyone else may not su to root unless in + # group wheel\&. This is how BSD does things\&. # root:ALL EXCEPT GROUP wheel:DENY # - # Kanske terry och birddog \(:ar konton som - # \(:ags av samma person\&. - # Tillg\(oang kan ges mellan dem utan - # l\(:osenord\&. + # Perhaps terry and birddog are accounts + # owned by the same person\&. + # Access can be arranged between them + # with no password\&. # terry:birddog:NOPASS birddog:terry:NOPASS diff --git a/man/sv/man8/faillog.8 b/man/sv/man8/faillog.8 index 52296ec6..e1ecfb6b 100644 --- a/man/sv/man8/faillog.8 +++ b/man/sv/man8/faillog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "FAILLOG" "8" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Systemhanteringskommandon" +.TH "FAILLOG" "8" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Systemhanteringskommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ displays the contents of the failure log database (/var/log/faillog)\&. It can a is run without arguments, it only displays the faillog records of the users who had a login failure\&. .SH "FLAGGOR" .PP -Flaggorna som g\(:aller f\(:or kommandot +The options which apply to the \fBfaillog\fR -\(:ar: +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR .RS 4 @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ directory and use the configuration files from the directory\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAGAR\fR +\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 Display faillog records more recent than \fIDAYS\fR\&. diff --git a/man/sv/man8/groupadd.8 b/man/sv/man8/groupadd.8 index a75789d3..c5bffe31 100644 --- a/man/sv/man8/groupadd.8 +++ b/man/sv/man8/groupadd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupadd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Systemhanteringskommandon" +.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Systemhanteringskommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ The command creates a new group account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system\&. The new group will be entered into the system files as needed\&. .SH "FLAGGOR" .PP -Flaggorna som g\(:aller f\(:or kommandot +The options which apply to the \fBgroupadd\fR -\(:ar: +command are: .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR .RS 4 @@ -71,21 +71,21 @@ description\&. Visa hj\(:alpmeddelande och avsluta\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fINYCKEL\fR=\fIV\(:ARDE\fR +\fB\-K\fR, \fB\-\-key\fR\ \&\fIKEY\fR=\fIVALUE\fR .RS 4 -\(oAsidos\(:atter standardv\(:arden i +Overrides /etc/login\&.defs -(GID_MIN, GID_MAX och andra)\&. Flera flaggor av +defaults (GID_MIN, GID_MAX and others)\&. Multiple \fB\-K\fR -kan anges\&. +options can be specified\&. .sp Example: \fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR\ \& \fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR .sp -Notera: +Note: \fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI10\fR,\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR -fungerar \(:annu inte\&. +doesn\*(Aqt work yet\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR @@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ fungerar \(:annu inte\&. This option permits to add a group with a non\-unique GID\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIL\(:OSENORD\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 The encrypted password, as returned by \fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. The default is to disable the password\&. @@ -208,40 +208,40 @@ If the groupname already exists in an external group database such as NIS or LDA will deny the group creation request\&. .SH "AVSLUTNINGSV\(:ARDEN" .PP -Kommandot +The \fBgroupadd\fR -avslutas med f\(:oljande v\(:arden: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -lyckad +success .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -ogiltig kommandosyntax +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -ogiltigt argument till flagga +invalid argument to option .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -GID inte unikt (n\(:ar +GID not unique (when \fB\-o\fR -inte anv\(:ands) +not used) .RE .PP \fI9\fR .RS 4 -gruppnamn inte unikt +group name not unique .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -kan inte uppdatera gruppfilen +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .SH "SE OCKS\(oA" .PP diff --git a/man/sv/man8/groupdel.8 b/man/sv/man8/groupdel.8 index 336f64cf..40b8ee9c 100644 --- a/man/sv/man8/groupdel.8 +++ b/man/sv/man8/groupdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Systemhanteringskommandon" +.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Systemhanteringskommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -104,33 +104,33 @@ S\(:aker gruppkontoinformation\&. .RE .SH "AVSLUTNINGSV\(:ARDEN" .PP -Kommandot +The \fBgroupdel\fR -avslutas med f\(:oljande v\(:arden: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -lyckad +success .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -ogiltig kommandosyntax +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -angiven grupp finns inte +specified group doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI8\fR .RS 4 -kan inte ta bort anv\(:andarens prim\(:ara grupp +can\*(Aqt remove user\*(Aqs primary group .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -kan inte uppdatera gruppfilen +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .SH "SE OCKS\(oA" .PP diff --git a/man/sv/man8/groupmems.8 b/man/sv/man8/groupmems.8 index 5dbafb8d..8174250f 100644 --- a/man/sv/man8/groupmems.8 +++ b/man/sv/man8/groupmems.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmems .\" Author: George Kraft, IV .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "GROUPMEMS" "8" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Systemhanteringskommandon" +.TH "GROUPMEMS" "8" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Systemhanteringskommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ groupmems \- administrera medlemmar av en anv\(:andares prim\(:ara grupp .SH "SYNOPSIS" .HP \w'\fBgroupmems\fR\ 'u -\fBgroupmems\fR \-a\ \fIanv\(:andarnamn\fR | \-d\ \fIanv\(:andarnamn\fR | [\-g\ \fIgruppnamn\fR] | \-l | \-p +\fBgroupmems\fR \-a\ \fIuser_name\fR | \-d\ \fIuser_name\fR | [\-g\ \fIgroup_name\fR] | \-l | \-p .SH "BESKRIVNING" .PP The @@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ Only the superuser, as administrator, can use to alter the memberships of other groups\&. .SH "FLAGGOR" .PP -Flaggorna som g\(:aller f\(:or kommandot +The options which apply to the \fBgroupmems\fR -\(:ar: +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIuser_name\fR .RS 4 diff --git a/man/sv/man8/groupmod.8 b/man/sv/man8/groupmod.8 index 76da1274..d32ad548 100644 --- a/man/sv/man8/groupmod.8 +++ b/man/sv/man8/groupmod.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmod .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "GROUPMOD" "8" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Systemhanteringskommandon" +.TH "GROUPMOD" "8" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Systemhanteringskommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ command modifies the definition of the specified by modifying the appropriate entry in the group database\&. .SH "FLAGGOR" .PP -Flaggorna som g\(:aller f\(:or kommandot +The options which apply to the \fBgroupmod\fR -\(:ar: +command are: .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGID\fR .RS 4 @@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ from Visa hj\(:alpmeddelande och avsluta\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-new\-name\fR\ \&\fINY_GRUPP\fR +\fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-new\-name\fR\ \&\fINEW_GROUP\fR .RS 4 The name of the group will be changed from \fIGROUP\fR @@ -95,9 +95,9 @@ option, allow to change the group to a non\-unique value\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIL\(:OSENORD\fR +\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -Det krypterade l\(:osenordet, som returneras av +The encrypted password, as returned by \fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. .sp \fBNote:\fR @@ -166,9 +166,9 @@ Anv\(:andarkontoinformation\&. .RE .SH "AVSLUTNINGSV\(:ARDEN" .PP -Kommandot +The \fBgroupmod\fR -avslutas med f\(:oljande v\(:arden: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 diff --git a/man/sv/man8/grpck.8 b/man/sv/man8/grpck.8 index 22d675f6..9adf5622 100644 --- a/man/sv/man8/grpck.8 +++ b/man/sv/man8/grpck.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: grpck .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "GRPCK" "8" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Systemhanteringskommandon" +.TH "GRPCK" "8" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Systemhanteringskommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -204,38 +204,38 @@ Anv\(:andarkontoinformation\&. .RE .SH "AVSLUTNINGSV\(:ARDEN" .PP -Kommandot +The \fBgrpck\fR -avslutas med f\(:oljande v\(:arden: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -lyckad +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -ogiltig kommandosyntax +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -en eller flera felaktiga grupposter +one or more bad group entries .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -kan inte \(:oppna gruppfiler +can\*(Aqt open group files .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -kan inte l\(oasa gruppfiler +can\*(Aqt lock group files .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -kan inte uppdatera gruppfiler +can\*(Aqt update group files .RE .SH "SE OCKS\(oA" .PP diff --git a/man/sv/man8/lastlog.8 b/man/sv/man8/lastlog.8 index ab5e3e48..12fa639b 100644 --- a/man/sv/man8/lastlog.8 +++ b/man/sv/man8/lastlog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: lastlog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "LASTLOG" "8" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Systemhanteringskommandon" +.TH "LASTLOG" "8" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Systemhanteringskommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ will be printed\&. The default (no flags) causes lastlog entries to be printed, /etc/passwd\&. .SH "FLAGGOR" .PP -Flaggorna som g\(:aller f\(:or kommandot +The options which apply to the \fBlastlog\fR -\(:ar: +command are: .PP -\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-before\fR\ \&\fIDAGAR\fR +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-before\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 Print only lastlog records older than \fIDAYS\fR\&. @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ Set lastlog record of a user to the current time\&. This option can be used only (\fB\-\-user\fR))\&. .RE .PP -\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAGAR\fR +\fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 Print the lastlog records more recent than \fIDAYS\fR\&. diff --git a/man/sv/man8/logoutd.8 b/man/sv/man8/logoutd.8 index 5b16a4d3..23436fdb 100644 --- a/man/sv/man8/logoutd.8 +++ b/man/sv/man8/logoutd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: logoutd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Systemhanteringskommandon" +.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Systemhanteringskommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/sv/man8/nologin.8 b/man/sv/man8/nologin.8 index 11c3d980..6c7e29a2 100644 --- a/man/sv/man8/nologin.8 +++ b/man/sv/man8/nologin.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: nologin .\" Author: Nicolas Fran\(,cois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "NOLOGIN" "8" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Systemhanteringskommandon" +.TH "NOLOGIN" "8" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Systemhanteringskommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ The \fBnologin\fR command displays a message that an account is not available and exits non\-zero\&. It is intended as a replacement shell field for accounts that have been disabled\&. .PP -F\(:or att inaktivera alla inloggningar, unders\(:ok +To disable all logins, investigate \fBnologin\fR(5)\&. .SH "SE OCKS\(oA" .PP diff --git a/man/sv/man8/pwck.8 b/man/sv/man8/pwck.8 index c068d3d1..14c2c760 100644 --- a/man/sv/man8/pwck.8 +++ b/man/sv/man8/pwck.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: pwck .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "PWCK" "8" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Systemhanteringskommandon" +.TH "PWCK" "8" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Systemhanteringskommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -189,9 +189,14 @@ and \fB\-s\fR options cannot be combined\&. .PP -Flaggorna som g\(:aller f\(:or kommandot +The options which apply to the \fBpwck\fR -\(:ar: +command are: +.PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -205,9 +210,9 @@ Report errors only\&. The warnings which do not require any action from the user .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-read\-only\fR .RS 4 -Starta kommandot +Execute the \fBpwck\fR -i skrivskyddat l\(:age\&. +command in read\-only mode\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR @@ -221,11 +226,11 @@ directory\&. .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sort\fR .RS 4 -Sorterar poster i +Sort entries in /etc/passwd -och +and /etc/shadow -efter UID\&. +by UID\&. .RE .PP By default, @@ -276,38 +281,38 @@ S\(:aker anv\(:andarkontoinformation\&. .RE .SH "AVSLUTNINGSV\(:ARDEN" .PP -Kommandot +The \fBpwck\fR -avslutas med f\(:oljande v\(:arden: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -lyckad +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -ogiltig kommandosyntax +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -en eller flera felaktiga l\(:osenordsposter +one or more bad password entries .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -kan inte \(:oppna l\(:osenordsfiler +can\*(Aqt open password files .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -kan inte l\(oasa l\(:osenordsfiler +can\*(Aqt lock password files .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -kan inte uppdatera l\(:osenordsfiler +can\*(Aqt update password files .RE .PP \fI6\fR diff --git a/man/sv/man8/userdel.8 b/man/sv/man8/userdel.8 index 7384b953..62bd17bd 100644 --- a/man/sv/man8/userdel.8 +++ b/man/sv/man8/userdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: userdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "USERDEL" "8" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Systemhanteringskommandon" +.TH "USERDEL" "8" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Systemhanteringskommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to th \fILOGIN\fR\&. The named user must exist\&. .SH "FLAGGOR" .PP -Flaggorna som g\(:aller f\(:or kommandot +The options which apply to the \fBuserdel\fR -\(:ar: +command are: .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR .RS 4 @@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ in /etc/login\&.defs and if a group exists with the same name as the deleted user, then this group will be removed, even if it is still the primary group of another user\&. .sp -\fINotera:\fR -Denna flagga \(:ar farlig och kan g\(:ora att ditt system f\(:ors\(:atts i ett inkonsistent tillst\(oand\&. +\fINote:\fR +This option is dangerous and may leave your system in an inconsistent state\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -232,43 +232,43 @@ Per user subordinate user IDs\&. .RE .SH "AVSLUTNINGSV\(:ARDEN" .PP -Kommandot +The \fBuserdel\fR -avslutas med f\(:oljande v\(:arden: +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -lyckad +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -kan inte uppdatera l\(:osenordsfilen +can\*(Aqt update password file .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -ogiltig kommandosyntax +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -angiven anv\(:andare finns inte +specified user doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI8\fR .RS 4 -anv\(:andaren \(:ar f\(:or n\(:arvarande inloggad +user currently logged in .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -kan inte uppdatera gruppfilen +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .PP \fI12\fR .RS 4 -kan inte ta bort hemkatalogen +can\*(Aqt remove home directory .RE .SH "T\(:ANK P\(oA" .PP diff --git a/man/sv/man8/vipw.8 b/man/sv/man8/vipw.8 index f4fa4987..16ab4b17 100644 --- a/man/sv/man8/vipw.8 +++ b/man/sv/man8/vipw.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: vipw .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 13-06-2019 +.\" Date: 01-12-2019 .\" Manual: Systemhanteringskommandon -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Swedish .\" -.TH "VIPW" "8" "13-06-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "Systemhanteringskommandon" +.TH "VIPW" "8" "01-12-2019" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "Systemhanteringskommandon" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -54,11 +54,11 @@ and \fBvi\fR(1)\&. .SH "FLAGGOR" .PP -Flaggorna som g\(:aller f\(:or kommandona +The options which apply to the \fBvipw\fR -och +and \fBvigr\fR -\(:ar: +commands are: .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR .RS 4 diff --git a/man/tr/Makefile.in b/man/tr/Makefile.in index 02c5d340..7321155c 100644 --- a/man/tr/Makefile.in +++ b/man/tr/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -176,6 +176,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -198,6 +199,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -243,6 +245,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -342,8 +345,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(top_builddir)/config.status: $(top_srcdir)/configure $(CONFIG_STATUS_DEPENDENCIES) @@ -496,7 +499,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ diff --git a/man/useradd.8.xml b/man/useradd.8.xml index 59e53c1f..a16d7307 100644 --- a/man/useradd.8.xml +++ b/man/useradd.8.xml @@ -128,6 +128,16 @@ <variablelist remap='IP'> <varlistentry> <term> + <option>--badname</option> + </term> + <listitem> + <para> + Allow names that do not conform to standards. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> <option>-b</option>, <option>--base-dir</option> <replaceable>BASE_DIR</replaceable> </term> <listitem> diff --git a/man/usermod.8.xml b/man/usermod.8.xml index bb8312db..81a99592 100644 --- a/man/usermod.8.xml +++ b/man/usermod.8.xml @@ -110,6 +110,26 @@ </varlistentry> <varlistentry> <term> + <option>-b</option>, <option>--badnames</option> + </term> + <listitem> + <para> + Allow names that do not conform to standards. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> + <option>-b</option>, <option>--badnames</option> + </term> + <listitem> + <para> + Allow names that do not conform to standards. + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + <varlistentry> + <term> <option>-c</option>, <option>--comment</option> <replaceable>COMMENT</replaceable> </term> <listitem> diff --git a/man/zh_CN/Makefile.in b/man/zh_CN/Makefile.in index 612882ca..432a5931 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/Makefile.in +++ b/man/zh_CN/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -202,6 +203,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -247,6 +249,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -338,7 +341,7 @@ LANG = $(notdir $(CURDIR)) @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@USE_SHA_CRYPT_TRUE@SHA_CRYPT_COND = sha_crypt @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_FALSE@SUBIDS_COND = no_subids @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@@ENABLE_SUBIDS_TRUE@SUBIDS_COND = subids -CLEANFILES = .xml2po.mo $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml +CLEANFILES = messages.mo login.defs.d $(EXTRA_DIST) $(addsuffix .xml,$(EXTRA_DIST)) config.xml all: all-am .SUFFIXES: @@ -359,8 +362,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(srcdir)/../generate_translations.mak $(srcdir)/../generate_mans.mak $(am__empty): @@ -557,7 +560,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ @@ -718,8 +724,19 @@ uninstall-man: uninstall-man1 uninstall-man3 uninstall-man5 \ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ $(MAKE) -C .. config.xml @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ cp ../config.xml $@ -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml ../po/$(LANG).po -@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ xml2po --expand-all-entities -l $(LANG) -p ../po/$(LANG).po -o $@ ../$@ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@messages.mo: ../po/$(LANG).po +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ msgfmt ../po/$(LANG).po -o messages.mo + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@login.defs.d: +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ ln -sf ../login.defs.d login.defs.d + +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml: ../%.xml messages.mo login.defs.d +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ if grep -q SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE $< ; then \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^<!-- SHADOW-CONFIG-HERE -->/<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ else \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -e 's/^\(<!DOCTYPE .*docbookx.dtd"\)>/\1 [<!ENTITY % config SYSTEM "config.xml">%config;]>/' $< > $@; \ +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ fi +@ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ itstool -d -l $(LANG) -m messages.mo -o . $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@ sed -i 's:\(^<refentry .*\)>:\1 lang="$(LANG)">:' $@ @ENABLE_REGENERATE_MAN_TRUE@%.xml-config: %.xml diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/chage.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/chage.1 index 1cf4f31e..523312ad 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man1/chage.1 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/chage.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chage .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 用户命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "CHAGE" "1" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "用户命令" +.TH "CHAGE" "1" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "用户命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -39,8 +39,9 @@ The command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change\&. This information is used by the system to determine when a user must change their password\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBchage\fR -命令可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-lastday\fR\ \&\fILAST_DAY\fR .RS 4 @@ -51,10 +52,11 @@ Set the number of days since January 1st, 1970 when the password was last change .RS 4 Set the date or number of days since January 1, 1970 on which the user\*(Aqs account will no longer be accessible\&. The date may also be expressed in the format YYYY\-MM\-DD (or the format more commonly used in your area)\&. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again\&. .sp -\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR -设置为 +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -会移除账户的过期日期。 +as the +\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR +will remove an account expiration date\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -62,16 +64,22 @@ Set the date or number of days since January 1, 1970 on which the user\*(Aqs acc 现实帮助信息并退出。 .RE .PP +\fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-iso8601\fR +.RS 4 +When printing dates, use YYYY\-MM\-DD format\&. +.RE +.PP \fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked\&. The \fIINACTIVE\fR option is the number of days of inactivity\&. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again\&. .sp -\fIINACTIVE\fR -设置为 +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -会移除账户禁用功能。 +as the +\fIINACTIVE\fR +will remove an account\*(Aqs inactivity\&. .RE .PP \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-list\fR @@ -81,8 +89,8 @@ option is the number of days of inactivity\&. A user whose account is locked mus .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -在密码更改之间的最小天数设置为 -\fIMIN_DAYS\fR。此字段中的 0 值表示用户可以在任何时间更改其密码。 +Set the minimum number of days between password changes to +\fIMIN_DAYS\fR\&. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time\&. .RE .PP \fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAYS\fR @@ -95,10 +103,11 @@ is less than the current day, the user will be required to change their password \fB\-W\fR option, which provides the user with advance warning\&. .sp -\fIMAX_DAYS\fR -设置为 +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -会移除密码有效性检查。 +as +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR +will remove checking a password\*(Aqs validity\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR @@ -117,24 +126,27 @@ Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required\&. The option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned their password is about to expire\&. .RE .PP -如果没有选择任何选项，\fBchage\fR -会进入交互模式，以所有字段的当前值提示用户。输入一个新值可以更改这些字段，或者留空使用当前值。当前值出现在 +If none of the options are selected, +\fBchage\fR +operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the fields\&. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value\&. The current value is displayed between a pair of \fI[ ]\fR -标记对里。 +marks\&. .SH "注意" .PP +The \fBchage\fR -需要有一个影子密码文件才可用。 +program requires a shadow password file to be available\&. .PP -只有 root 才可以使用 -\fBchage\fR，一个特殊情况是 +The +\fBchage\fR +command is restricted to the root user, except for the \fB\-l\fR -选项，用来让非特权用户觉得自己的密码或账户何时过期。 +option, which may be used by an unprivileged user to determine when their password or account is due to expire\&. .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .SH "文件" .PP /etc/passwd @@ -148,27 +160,28 @@ option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be .RE .SH "退出值" .PP +The \fBchage\fR -命令有如下退出值： +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -成功 +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -权限不够 +permission denied .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -无效的命令语法 +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI15\fR .RS 4 -无法找到影子密码文件 +can\*(Aqt find the shadow password file .RE .SH "参见" .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/chfn.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/chfn.1 index 061d56e0..3708ee7a 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man1/chfn.1 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/chfn.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chfn .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 用户命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "CHFN" "1" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "用户命令" +.TH "CHFN" "1" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "用户命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -50,8 +50,9 @@ field, they should not contain any comma or equal sign\&. It is also recommended field is used to store accounting information used by other applications\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBchfn\fR -命令可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-full\-name\fR\ \&\fIFULL_NAME\fR .RS 4 @@ -101,15 +102,16 @@ marks\&. Without options, prompts for the current user account\&. .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -如果为 -\fIyes\fR，\fBchfn\fR -进行任何更改前都要要求认证，除非由超级用户运行。 +If +\fIyes\fR, the +\fBchfn\fR +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP \fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (string) @@ -140,8 +142,8 @@ SUID\&. .RS 4 此字符串用于提示输入密码。默认是 "Password: "，或者翻译了的结果(汉语中翻译为了\(lq密码：\(rq)。如果设置了此变量，提示不会被翻译。 .sp -如果字符串包含 -\fI%s\fR，将会被用户名替换。 +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/chsh.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/chsh.1 index 4a17f27a..5e70f753 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man1/chsh.1 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/chsh.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chsh .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 用户命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "CHSH" "1" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "用户命令" +.TH "CHSH" "1" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "用户命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -39,8 +39,9 @@ The command changes the user login shell\&. This determines the name of the user\*(Aqs initial login command\&. A normal user may only change the login shell for her own account; the superuser may change the login shell for any account\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBchsh\fR -命令可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -78,23 +79,24 @@ in is discouraged since accidentally changing to a restricted shell would prevent the user from ever changing her login shell back to its original value\&. .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -如果 -\fIyes\fR，\fBchsh\fR -程序在做任何更改之前都会要求认证，除非是以超级用户身份运行的。 +If +\fIyes\fR, the +\fBchsh\fR +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP \fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 此字符串用于提示输入密码。默认是 "Password: "，或者翻译了的结果(汉语中翻译为了\(lq密码：\(rq)。如果设置了此变量，提示不会被翻译。 .sp -如果字符串包含 -\fI%s\fR，将会被用户名替换。 +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/expiry.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/expiry.1 index b13f0340..24129a4b 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man1/expiry.1 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/expiry.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: expiry .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 用户命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "用户命令" +.TH "EXPIRY" "1" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "用户命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -39,8 +39,9 @@ The command checks (\fB\-c\fR) the current password expiration and forces (\fB\-f\fR) changes when required\&. It is callable as a normal user command\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBexpiry\fR -选项可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-check\fR .RS 4 diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/gpasswd.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/gpasswd.1 index 7ab82b2d..bed6d263 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man1/gpasswd.1 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/gpasswd.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: gpasswd .\" Author: Rafal Maszkowski .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 用户命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "GPASSWD" "1" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "用户命令" +.TH "GPASSWD" "1" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "用户命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ .\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE * .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .SH "名称" -gpasswd \- 管理员 /etc/group 和 /etc/gshadow +gpasswd \- administer /etc/group and /etc/gshadow .SH "大纲" .HP \w'\fBgpasswd\fR\ 'u \fBgpasswd\fR [\fI选项\fR] \fIgroup\fR @@ -61,29 +61,30 @@ without a password, and non\-members must supply the password\&. Group passwords are an inherent security problem since more than one person is permitted to know the password\&. However, groups are a useful tool for permitting co\-operation between different users\&. .SH "选项" .PP -除了 +Except for the \fB\-A\fR -和 +and \fB\-M\fR -选项，其它选项不能联合使用。 +options, the options cannot be combined\&. .PP +The options which apply to the \fBgpasswd\fR -可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR .RS 4 -向名为 -\fIgroup\fR -的组中添加用户 -\fIuser\fR。 +Add the +\fIuser\fR +to the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR\ \&\fIuser\fR .RS 4 -从名为 -\fIgroup\fR -的组中移除用户 -\fIuser\fR。 +Remove the +\fIuser\fR +from the named +\fIgroup\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -135,28 +136,29 @@ and /etc/gshadow files\&. Thus you cannot change any NIS or LDAP group\&. This must be performed on the corresponding server\&. .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 这定义了系统加密密码的默认算法(如果没有在命令行上指定算法)。 .sp -可以使用如下值：\fIDES\fR +It can take one of these values: +\fIDES\fR (default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -注意，此参数会覆盖 +Note: this parameter overrides the \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -变量。 +variable\&. .RE .PP \fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -每个组条目的最大成员数。达到最大值时，在 +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -开始一个新条目(行)(使用同样的名称，同样的密码，同样的 GID)。 +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp 默认值是 0，意味着组中的成员数没有限制。 .sp @@ -169,27 +171,28 @@ Thus you cannot change any NIS or LDAP group\&. This must be performed on the co .PP \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -表示密码是否必须使用基于 MD5 的算法加密。如果设为 -\fIyes\fR，新密码将使用可以和新版 FreeBSD 兼容的基于 MD5 的算法加密。它支持无限长度的密码以及更长的盐字符串。如果您需要将加密的密码复制到其它不理解新算法的系统，设置为 -\fIno\fR。默认值是 -\fIno\fR。 +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is +\fIno\fR\&. .sp This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -此变量已经废弃。您应该使用 -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR。 +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -设为 +is set to \fISHA256\fR -或 -\fISHA512\fR -时，此项确定加密算法默认使用 SHA 轮转数目(当轮转数没有通过命令行指定时)。 +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp 使用很多轮转，会让暴力破解更加困难。但是需要注意，认证用户时也会需要更多的 CPU 资源。 .sp @@ -197,16 +200,16 @@ variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorith .sp 值必须在 1000 \- 999,999,999 之间。 .sp -如果只设置了一个 +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -或 +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -值，就会使用这个值。 +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -如果 +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR，将会使用大的那个。 +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/groups.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/groups.1 index 6737a110..d336323a 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man1/groups.1 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/groups.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groups .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 用户命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "GROUPS" "1" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "用户命令" +.TH "GROUPS" "1" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "用户命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/id.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/id.1 index edb4a05d..634377ed 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man1/id.1 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/id.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: id .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 用户命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "ID" "1" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "用户命令" +.TH "ID" "1" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "用户命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/login.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/login.1 index 467e1bd8..f20e1246 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man1/login.1 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/login.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 用户命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "LOGIN" "1" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "用户命令" +.TH "LOGIN" "1" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "用户命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ login \- 在系统上启动回话 .SH "大纲" .HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u -\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fI主机\fR] [\fI用户名\fR] [\fIENV=VAR\fR...] +\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIhost\fR] [\fI用户名\fR] [\fIENV=VAR\fR...] .HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u -\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fI主机\fR] \-f \fI用户名\fR +\fBlogin\fR [\-p] [\-h\ \fIhost\fR] \-f \fI用户名\fR .HP \w'\fBlogin\fR\ 'u -\fBlogin\fR [\-p] \-r\ \fI主机\fR +\fBlogin\fR [\-p] \-r\ \fIhost\fR .SH "描述" .PP The @@ -100,8 +100,9 @@ from the shell prompt without .RS 4 不要执行认证，用户已经预认证过。 .sp -注意：此时，\fIusername\fR -是强制的。 +Note: In that case, +\fIusername\fR +is mandatory\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR @@ -119,18 +120,19 @@ from the shell prompt without 为 rlogin (远程登录)执行 autologin (自动登录)协议。 .RE .PP +The \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-h\fR and \fB\-f\fR -只能用于 root 使用 +options are only used when \fBlogin\fR -时。 +is invoked by root\&. .SH "CAVEATS" .PP -此版本的 +This version of \fBlogin\fR -有很多编译选项，只有一部分可以在任何站点使用。 +has many compilation options, only some of which may be in use at any particular site\&. .PP 文件的位置由系统配置决定。 .PP @@ -149,9 +151,9 @@ As with any program, \fBlogin\fR\*(Aqs appearance can be faked\&. If non\-trusted users have physical access to a machine, an attacker could use this to obtain the password of the next person coming to sit in front of the machine\&. Under Linux, the SAK mechanism can be used by users to initiate a trusted path and prevent this kind of attack\&. .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBCONSOLE\fR (string) .RS 4 @@ -164,24 +166,24 @@ As with any program, .PP \fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (string) .RS 4 -在控制台登录时，添加到用户附加组集中的组列表(就如 CONSOLE 所确定的)。默认是无。 -使用时需要注意：这可能使用户获取这些组的永久权限，甚至登录到的不是此控制台时。 +List of groups to add to the user\*(Aqs supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting)\&. Default is none\&. + +Use with caution \- it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console\&. .RE .PP \fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 如果不能 cd 到主目录时，说明是否允许登录。默认是否。 .sp -如果设置为 -\fIyes\fR，如果不能 cd 到主目录时，用户将会登录到根目录(/)。 +If set to +\fIyes\fR, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory\&. .RE .PP \fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -如果设置了，将会用于在用户登录时定义 HZ 环境变量。值必须以 -\fIHZ=\fR -开头。Linux 上的常用值是 -\fIHZ=100\fR。 +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is +\fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP \fBENV_PATH\fR (string) @@ -202,14 +204,14 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus .PP \fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -如果设置了，它将用于在用户登录时定义 TZ 环境变量。此值可以是以 +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -开头的时区名(例如 -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR)，或者是包含时区规则的文件完整路径(例如 -/etc/tzname)。 +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example +/etc/tzname)\&. .sp -如果将完整路径指定为了一个不存在或不可读的文件，则默认使用 -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR。 +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .PP \fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (string) @@ -221,10 +223,10 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus .PP \fBERASECHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -终端擦除字符 (\fI010\fR +Terminal ERASE character (\fI010\fR = backspace, \fI0177\fR -= DEL)。 += DEL)\&. .sp 此值可以使用前缀\(lq0\(rq表示八进制，\(lq0x\(rq表示十六进制。 .RE @@ -236,17 +238,17 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus .PP \fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -允许登录并显示 +Enable logging and display of /var/log/faillog -登录失败信息。 +login failure info\&. .RE .PP \fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (string) .RS 4 -如果设置了，\fBlogin\fR -将执行此 shell 而不是在 -/etc/passwd -中指定的用户 shell。 +If set, +\fBlogin\fR +will execute this shell instead of the users\*(Aq shell specified in +/etc/passwd\&. .RE .PP \fBFTMP_FILE\fR (string) @@ -266,8 +268,8 @@ If defined, this file can inhibit all the usual chatter during the login sequenc .PP \fBKILLCHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -终端 KILL 字符 (\fI025\fR -= CTRL/U)。 +Terminal KILL character (\fI025\fR += CTRL/U)\&. .sp 此值可以使用前缀\(lq0\(rq表示八进制，\(lq0x\(rq表示十六进制。 .RE @@ -286,8 +288,8 @@ If defined, this file can inhibit all the usual chatter during the login sequenc .RS 4 此字符串用于提示输入密码。默认是 "Password: "，或者翻译了的结果(汉语中翻译为了\(lq密码：\(rq)。如果设置了此变量，提示不会被翻译。 .sp -如果字符串包含 -\fI%s\fR，将会被用户名替换。 +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .PP \fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (number) @@ -324,21 +326,22 @@ If defined, this file can inhibit all the usual chatter during the login sequenc 定义用户邮箱文件的位置(相对于主目录)。 .RE .PP +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -变量由 -\fBuseradd\fR，\fBusermod\fR -和 +variables are used by +\fBuseradd\fR, +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -用于创建、移动或删除用户邮箱。 +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -如果 +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -设置为 -\fIyes\fR，它们也被用于定义 +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the \fBMAIL\fR -环境变量。 +environment variable\&. .PP \fBMOTD_FILE\fR (string) .RS 4 @@ -388,9 +391,9 @@ If defined, file which maps tty line to TERM environment parameter\&. Each line .PP \fBULIMIT\fR (number) .RS 4 -默认 +Default \fBulimit\fR -值。 +value\&. .RE .PP \fBUMASK\fR (number) @@ -398,29 +401,30 @@ If defined, file which maps tty line to TERM environment parameter\&. Each line 文件模式创建掩码初始化为此值。如果没有指定，掩码初始化为 022。 .sp \fBuseradd\fR -和 +and \fBnewusers\fR -使用此掩码设置它们创建的用户主目录的模式。 +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -也被 +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -用于指定用户的初始 umask。注意，此掩码可以被用户的 GECOS 行覆盖(当设置了 +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -时)，也可以被带 +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -指示符的 -\fBlimits\fR(5) -定义的限制值覆盖。 +identifier in +\fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .PP \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 如果 uid 和 gid 相同，用户名和主用户名也相同，使非 root 组的组掩码位和属主位相同 (如：022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007)。 .sp -如果设置为 -\fIyes\fR，如果组中没有成员了，\fBuserdel\fR -将移除此用户组，\fBuseradd\fR -创建用户时，也会创建一个同名的默认组。 +If set to +\fIyes\fR, +\fBuserdel\fR +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and +\fBuseradd\fR +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/newgrp.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/newgrp.1 index 9350cc06..96adf71a 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man1/newgrp.1 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/newgrp.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newgrp .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 用户命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "用户命令" +.TH "NEWGRP" "1" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "用户命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -57,15 +57,15 @@ If there is an entry for this group in is considered\&. .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -允许\(lqsyslog\(rq记录 +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsg\fR -的活动。 +activity\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/passwd.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/passwd.1 index 0742a7b2..16bc7e0e 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man1/passwd.1 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/passwd.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: passwd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 用户命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "PASSWD" "1" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "用户命令" +.TH "PASSWD" "1" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "用户命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,15 +34,18 @@ passwd \- 更改用户密码 \fBpasswd\fR [\fI选项\fR] [\fI登录\fR] .SH "描述" .PP +The \fBpasswd\fR -命令用来更改用户账户的密码。普通用户通常只更改其自己账户的密码，而超级用户可以更改任何账户的密码。\fBpasswd\fR -也更改账户或相关的密码有效期。 +command changes passwords for user accounts\&. A normal user may only change the password for their own account, while the superuser may change the password for any account\&. +\fBpasswd\fR +also changes the account or associated password validity period\&. .SS "密码更改" .PP 如果有旧密码，首先提示用户输入旧密码。加密这个密码然后和存储的密码进行比较。用户只有一次机会输入正确密码。允许超级用户略过这个步骤，以便更改忘记了的密码。 .PP -输入了密码之后，会检查密码年龄信息，以查看此时是否允许用户更改密码。如果不允许，\fBpasswd\fR -拒绝更改密码，然后退出。 +After the password has been entered, password aging information is checked to see if the user is permitted to change the password at this time\&. If not, +\fBpasswd\fR +refuses to change the password and exits\&. .PP 提示用户输入两次新密码。第二次和第一次进行比较，并且需要相同才能更改密码。 .PP @@ -81,28 +84,30 @@ passwd \- 更改用户密码 标点符号 .RE .PP -必须要留意不能包含系统默认的擦除和杀死字符。\fBpasswd\fR -会拒绝复杂度不满足要求的密码。 +Care must be taken not to include the system default erase or kill characters\&. +\fBpasswd\fR +will reject any password which is not suitably complex\&. .SS "关于用户密码的提示" .PP -密码的安全性依赖于加密算法的强度和密钥空间的大小。旧的 +The security of a password depends upon the strength of the encryption algorithm and the size of the key space\&. The legacy \fIUNIX\fR -系统加密算法基于 NBS DES 算法。推荐使用更新的算法(查看 -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR)。密钥空间的大小依赖于选择的密码的随机性。 +System encryption method is based on the NBS DES algorithm\&. More recent methods are now recommended (see +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR)\&. The size of the key space depends upon the randomness of the password which is selected\&. .PP 由于粗心地或处理选择密码，会危及密码的安全。由于这个原因，您不应该选择出现在词典中或者必须要写下来才能记住的密码。密码也不应该是一个名字、许可证号、生日或者街道号。所有这些可以用于猜测来损害系统安全。 .PP You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\&.org/wiki/Password_strength .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBpasswd\fR -命令可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR .RS 4 -此选项只能和 +This option can be used only with \fB\-S\fR -一起使用，来显示所有用户的状态。 +and causes show status for all users\&. .RE .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-delete\fR @@ -122,9 +127,9 @@ You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\ .PP \fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 -此选项用于在密码过期一定天数之后禁用账户。一个用户账户密码已经过期 +This option is used to disable an account after the password has been expired for a number of days\&. After a user account has had an expired password for \fIINACTIVE\fR -天之后，用户将不能再登录进账户。 +days, the user may no longer sign on to the account\&. .RE .PP \fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-keep\-tokens\fR @@ -136,17 +141,17 @@ You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\ .RS 4 锁定指定账户的密码。此选项通过将密码更改为一个不可能与加密值匹配的值来禁用(它在密码开头添加一个\(lq!\(rq)。 .sp -注意，这并没有禁用此账户。用户仍然可以通过其它认证方式(如 SSH 密码)来登录。要禁用此账户，管理员需要使用 +Note that this does not disable the account\&. The user may still be able to login using another authentication token (e\&.g\&. an SSH key)\&. To disable the account, administrators should use \fBusermod \-\-expiredate 1\fR -(设置账户的过期时间为1970年1月2日)。 +(this set the account\*(Aqs expire date to Jan 2, 1970)\&. .sp 被锁定了密码的用户不允许更改密码。 .RE .PP \fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-mindays\fR\ \&\fIMIN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -在密码更改之间的最小天数设置为 -\fIMIN_DAYS\fR。此字段中的 0 值表示用户可以在任何时间更改其密码。 +Set the minimum number of days between password changes to +\fIMIN_DAYS\fR\&. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change their password at any time\&. .RE .PP \fB\-q\fR, \fB\-\-quiet\fR @@ -156,9 +161,9 @@ You can find advice on how to choose a strong password on http://en\&.wikipedia\ .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-repository\fR\ \&\fIREPOSITORY\fR .RS 4 -在 +change password in \fIREPOSITORY\fR -中更改密码 +repository .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR @@ -177,26 +182,28 @@ directory\&. .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-unlock\fR .RS 4 -解锁指定用户的密码。此操作通过将密码改回先前值(改回使用 +Unlock the password of the named account\&. This option re\-enables a password by changing the password back to its previous value (to the value before using the \fB\-l\fR -之前的值)重新启用密码。 +option)\&. .RE .PP \fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-warndays\fR\ \&\fIWARN_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -设置在要求更改密码之前警告的天数。\fIWARN_DAYS\fR -选项是在密码过期之前提前警告的天数。 +Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required\&. The +\fIWARN_DAYS\fR +option is the number of days prior to the password expiring that a user will be warned that their password is about to expire\&. .RE .PP \fB\-x\fR, \fB\-\-maxdays\fR\ \&\fIMAX_DAYS\fR .RS 4 -设置密码仍然有效的最大天数。\fIMAX_DAYS\fR -之后，密码会要求更改。 +Set the maximum number of days a password remains valid\&. After +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR, the password is required to be changed\&. .sp -\fIMAX_DAYS\fR -设置为 +Passing the number \fI\-1\fR -会移除密码有效性检查。 +as +\fIMAX_DAYS\fR +will remove checking a password\*(Aqs validity\&. .RE .SH "CAVEATS" .PP @@ -205,36 +212,38 @@ directory\&. 在启动了 NIS 的系统上，如果没有登录 NIS 服务器，用户或许不能更改自己的密码。 .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 这定义了系统加密密码的默认算法(如果没有在命令行上指定算法)。 .sp -可以使用如下值：\fIDES\fR +It can take one of these values: +\fIDES\fR (default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -注意，此参数会覆盖 +Note: this parameter overrides the \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -变量。 +variable\&. .RE .PP \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -表示密码是否必须使用基于 MD5 的算法加密。如果设为 -\fIyes\fR，新密码将使用可以和新版 FreeBSD 兼容的基于 MD5 的算法加密。它支持无限长度的密码以及更长的盐字符串。如果您需要将加密的密码复制到其它不理解新算法的系统，设置为 -\fIno\fR。默认值是 -\fIno\fR。 +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is +\fIno\fR\&. .sp This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -此变量已经废弃。您应该使用 -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR。 +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP \fBOBSCURE_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) @@ -254,21 +263,22 @@ variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorith .PP \fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (number), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (number) .RS 4 -crypt() 的有效字符位数。\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR -默认是 8，除非您自己的 crypt() 更好，否则不要更改。如果 +Number of significant characters in the password for crypt()\&. +\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR +is 8 by default\&. Don\*(Aqt change unless your crypt() is better\&. This is ignored if \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -设为 -\fIyes\fR，会被忽略。 +set to +\fIyes\fR\&. .RE .PP \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -设为 +is set to \fISHA256\fR -或 -\fISHA512\fR -时，此项确定加密算法默认使用 SHA 轮转数目(当轮转数没有通过命令行指定时)。 +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp 使用很多轮转，会让暴力破解更加困难。但是需要注意，认证用户时也会需要更多的 CPU 资源。 .sp @@ -276,16 +286,16 @@ crypt() 的有效字符位数。\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR .sp 值必须在 1000 \- 999,999,999 之间。 .sp -如果只设置了一个 +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -或 +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -值，就会使用这个值。 +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -如果 +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR，将会使用大的那个。 +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP @@ -305,48 +315,51 @@ Shadow 密码套件配置。 .RE .SH "退出值" .PP +The \fBpasswd\fR -命令退出，并返回如下值： +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -成功 +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -权限不够 +permission denied .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -无效的选项组合 +invalid combination of options .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -意外的失败，什么也没有做。 +unexpected failure, nothing done .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -意外的失败，passwd -文件丢失 +unexpected failure, +passwd +file missing .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 passwd -文件忙，请重试 +file busy, try again .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -给了选项一个无效的参数 +invalid argument to option .RE .SH "参见" .PP \fBchpasswd\fR(8), \fBpasswd\fR(5), \fBshadow\fR(5), -\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),\fBusermod\fR(8)\&. +\fBlogin.defs\fR(5), +\fBusermod\fR(8)\&. diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/sg.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/sg.1 index f1b0f5c3..91f28d96 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man1/sg.1 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/sg.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: sg .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 用户命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "SG" "1" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "用户命令" +.TH "SG" "1" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "用户命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -31,38 +31,40 @@ sg \- 以不同的组 ID 执行命令 .SH "大纲" .HP \w'\fBsg\fR\ 'u -\fBsg\fR [\-] [组\ [\-c]\ 命令] +\fBsg\fR [\-] [group\ [\-c\ ]\ command] .SH "描述" .PP +The \fBsg\fR -命令类似于 -\fBnewgrp\fR，但是可以接受一个命令。这个命令将会使用 +command works similar to +\fBnewgrp\fR +but accepts a command\&. The command will be executed with the /bin/sh -shell 来执行。对于您可以使用 +shell\&. With most shells you may run \fBsg\fR -启动的多数 shell，您需要将多个词的命令用引号引起来。\fBnewgrp\fR -和 +from, you need to enclose multi\-word commands in quotes\&. Another difference between +\fBnewgrp\fR +and \fBsg\fR -之间的另外一个不同点是某些 shell 对 +is that some shells treat \fBnewgrp\fR -有特殊对待，会使用 +specially, replacing themselves with a new instance of a shell that \fBnewgrp\fR -创建的一个新的 shell 实例替换自身。这不会发生在 -\fBsg\fR -身上，所以从 +creates\&. This doesn\*(Aqt happen with +\fBsg\fR, so upon exit from a \fBsg\fR -退出后，您会返回到先前的组 ID。 +command you are returned to your previous group ID\&. .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -允许\(lqsyslog\(rq记录 +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsg\fR -的活动。 +activity\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man1/su.1 b/man/zh_CN/man1/su.1 index 258f80e2..9bf038f0 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man1/su.1 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man1/su.1 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: su .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 用户命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "SU" "1" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "用户命令" +.TH "SU" "1" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "用户命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -55,28 +55,30 @@ option is special: it is also recognized after .PP 如果合适，将提示用户输入一个密码。输入无效的密码会产生一个错误消息。所有的尝试，无论成功还是失败，都会被记录，以检测对系统的滥用。 .PP -当前环境会传递给新 shell。对于普通用户，\fB$PATH\fR -的值重置为 -/bin:/usr/bin，而对于超级用户则是 -/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin。这会随 -/etc/login\&.defs -中的 +The current environment is passed to the new shell\&. The value of +\fB$PATH\fR +is reset to +/bin:/usr/bin +for normal users, or +/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin +for the superuser\&. This may be changed with the \fBENV_PATH\fR -和 +and \fBENV_SUPATH\fR -值改变。 +definitions in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .PP 在登录 shell 中以第一个字符是\(lq*\(rq标注的是子系统登录。给定的主目录将被用于用户实际登录的新文件系统的根。 .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBsu\fR -命令可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-command\fR\ \&\fICOMMAND\fR .RS 4 -通过使用其 -\fB\-c\fR -选项，指定一个由 shell 运行的命令。 +Specify a command that will be invoked by the shell using its +\fB\-c\fR\&. .sp The executed command will have no controlling terminal\&. This option cannot be used to execute interactive programs which need a controlling TTY\&. .RE @@ -98,125 +100,134 @@ and .RS 4 将使用的 shell。 .sp -使用的 shell 在如下中选择(高优先级在前)：.PP +The invoked shell is chosen from (highest priority first): +.PP .RS 4 -通过 \-\-shell 指定的 shell。 +The shell specified with \-\-shell\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -如果使用了 -\fB\-\-preserve\-environment\fR，shell 将由 +If +\fB\-\-preserve\-environment\fR +is used, the shell specified by the \fB$SHELL\fR -环境变量指定。 +environment variable\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -在 +The shell indicated in the /etc/passwd -的相应项中为目标用户指定的 shell。 +entry for the target user\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -如果无法通过以上办法找到一个 shell，则使用 -/bin/sh。 +/bin/sh +if a shell could not be found by any above method\&. .RE .sp -如果目标用户的 shell 是有限制的(即，/etc/passwd -中用户项中的 shell 字段没有在 -/etc/shells -中列出)，那么 +If the target user has a restricted shell (i\&.e\&. the shell field of this user\*(Aqs entry in +/etc/passwd +is not listed in +/etc/shells), then the \fB\-\-shell\fR -选项或 +option or the \fB$SHELL\fR -环境变量不会带入账户，除非 +environment variable won\*(Aqt be taken into account, unless \fBsu\fR -是被 root 调用的。 +is called by root\&. .RE .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-preserve\-environment\fR .RS 4 -保留当前环境，除非：.PP +Preserve the current environment, except for: +.PP \fB$PATH\fR .RS 4 -根据 +reset according to the /etc/login\&.defs -中的 +options \fBENV_PATH\fR or \fBENV_SUPATH\fR -选项重设 (请往下看) +(see below); .RE .PP \fB$IFS\fR .RS 4 -如果已经设置了，重设 -\(lq<space><tab><newline>\(rq。 +reset to +\(lq<space><tab><newline>\(rq, if it was set\&. .RE .sp -如果用户的 shell 受限，此选项无效 (除非是 root 调用的 -\fBsu\fR)。 +If the target user has a restricted shell, this option has no effect (unless +\fBsu\fR +is called by root)\&. .sp -注意，环境的默认行为如下：.PP +Note that the default behavior for the environment is the following: +.PP .RS 4 The \fB$HOME\fR, \fB$SHELL\fR, \fB$USER\fR, \fB$LOGNAME\fR, -\fB$PATH\fR, 和 +\fB$PATH\fR, and \fB$IFS\fR -这些环境变量会被重置。 +environment variables are reset\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -如果没有使用 -\fB\-\-login\fR，复制环境，上述几个变量除外。 +If +\fB\-\-login\fR +is not used, the environment is copied, except for the variables above\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -如果使用了 -\fB\-\-login\fR，如果设置了 +If +\fB\-\-login\fR +is used, the \fB$TERM\fR, \fB$COLORTERM\fR, -\fB$DISPLAY\fR -和 -\fB$XAUTHORITY\fR，这些环境变量也会被重置。 +\fB$DISPLAY\fR, and +\fB$XAUTHORITY\fR +environment variables are copied if they were set\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -如果使用了 -\fB\-\-login\fR，环境变量 +If +\fB\-\-login\fR +is used, the \fB$TZ\fR, \fB$HZ\fR, and \fB$MAIL\fR -也会根据 +environment variables are set according to the /etc/login\&.defs -中的选项 +options \fBENV_TZ\fR, \fBENV_HZ\fR, -\fBMAIL_DIR\fR -和 +\fBMAIL_DIR\fR, and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -重置 (请看下边)。 +(see below)\&. .RE .PP .RS 4 -如果使用了 -\fB\-\-login\fR，其它环境变量可能会根据 +If +\fB\-\-login\fR +is used, other environment variables might be set by the \fBENVIRON_FILE\fR -文件来设置(请看下边)。 +file (see below)\&. .RE +.sp .RE .SH "CAVEATS" .PP -此版本的 +This version of \fBsu\fR -有很多编译选项，在某些机器上，可能只使用了其中的一部分。 +has many compilation options, only some of which may be in use at any particular site\&. .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBCONSOLE\fR (string) .RS 4 @@ -229,24 +240,24 @@ The .PP \fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (string) .RS 4 -在控制台登录时，添加到用户附加组集中的组列表(就如 CONSOLE 所确定的)。默认是无。 -使用时需要注意：这可能使用户获取这些组的永久权限，甚至登录到的不是此控制台时。 +List of groups to add to the user\*(Aqs supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting)\&. Default is none\&. + +Use with caution \- it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console\&. .RE .PP \fBDEFAULT_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 如果不能 cd 到主目录时，说明是否允许登录。默认是否。 .sp -如果设置为 -\fIyes\fR，如果不能 cd 到主目录时，用户将会登录到根目录(/)。 +If set to +\fIyes\fR, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory\&. .RE .PP \fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -如果设置了，将会用于在用户登录时定义 HZ 环境变量。值必须以 -\fIHZ=\fR -开头。Linux 上的常用值是 -\fIHZ=100\fR。 +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is +\fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP \fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (string) @@ -274,22 +285,22 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus .PP \fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -如果设置了，它将用于在用户登录时定义 TZ 环境变量。此值可以是以 +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -开头的时区名(例如 -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR)，或者是包含时区规则的文件完整路径(例如 -/etc/tzname)。 +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example +/etc/tzname)\&. .sp -如果将完整路径指定为了一个不存在或不可读的文件，则默认使用 -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR。 +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .PP \fBLOGIN_STRING\fR (string) .RS 4 此字符串用于提示输入密码。默认是 "Password: "，或者翻译了的结果(汉语中翻译为了\(lq密码：\(rq)。如果设置了此变量，提示不会被翻译。 .sp -如果字符串包含 -\fI%s\fR，将会被用户名替换。 +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .PP \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR (boolean) @@ -309,21 +320,22 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus 定义用户邮箱文件的位置(相对于主目录)。 .RE .PP +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -变量由 -\fBuseradd\fR，\fBusermod\fR -和 +variables are used by +\fBuseradd\fR, +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -用于创建、移动或删除用户邮箱。 +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -如果 +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -设置为 -\fIyes\fR，它们也被用于定义 +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the \fBMAIL\fR -环境变量。 +environment variable\&. .PP \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 @@ -344,28 +356,35 @@ and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .PP \fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -如果为 -\fIyes\fR，用户必须在 +If +\fIyes\fR, the user must be listed as a member of the first gid 0 group in /etc/group -中别设定为 GID 为 0 的组(在大部分 Linux 上叫 -\fIroot\fR)的成员。 +(called +\fIroot\fR +on most Linux systems) to be able to +\fBsu\fR +to uid 0 accounts\&. If the group doesn\*(Aqt exist or is empty, no one will be able to +\fBsu\fR +to uid 0\&. .RE .PP \fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -除了 sulog 文件日志，也为 +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsu\fR -活动启用\(lqsyslog\(rq日志。 +activity \- in addition to sulog file logging\&. .RE .PP \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 如果 uid 和 gid 相同，用户名和主用户名也相同，使非 root 组的组掩码位和属主位相同 (如：022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007)。 .sp -如果设置为 -\fIyes\fR，如果组中没有成员了，\fBuserdel\fR -将移除此用户组，\fBuseradd\fR -创建用户时，也会创建一个同名的默认组。 +If set to +\fIyes\fR, +\fBuserdel\fR +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and +\fBuseradd\fR +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP @@ -385,37 +404,41 @@ Shadow 密码套件配置。 .RE .SH "退出值" .PP -成功时，\fBsu\fR -返回执行的命令的退出值。 +On success, +\fBsu\fR +returns the exit value of the command it executed\&. .PP -如果命令被信号结束，\fBsu\fR -返回此信号的编号加 128。 +If this command was terminated by a signal, +\fBsu\fR +returns the number of this signal plus 128\&. .PP -如果 su 必须要杀死此命令(因为已经要求它结束，可是却没有及时结束)，\fBsu\fR -返回 255。 +If su has to kill the command (because it was asked to terminate, and the command did not terminate in time), +\fBsu\fR +returns 255\&. .PP +Some exit values from \fBsu\fR -中的某些退出值与执行的命令无关： +are independent from the executed command: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -成功 (只有 -\fB\-\-help\fR) +success (\fB\-\-help\fR +only) .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -系统或者认证失败 +System or authentication failure .RE .PP \fI126\fR .RS 4 -要求的命令不存在 +The requested command was not found .RE .PP \fI127\fR .RS 4 -请求的命令不能执行 +The requested command could not be executed .RE .SH "参见" .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man3/shadow.3 b/man/zh_CN/man3/shadow.3 index 89abada5..0bb8fc3f 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man3/shadow.3 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man3/shadow.3 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: shadow .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 库函数调用 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "SHADOW" "3" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "库函数调用" +.TH "SHADOW" "3" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "库函数调用" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -59,10 +59,10 @@ shadow, getspnam \- 加密密码文件工具函数 .SH "描述" .PP \fIshadow\fR -处理 shadow 密码文件 -/etc/shadow -的内容。\fI#include\fR -文件中的结构是： +manipulates the contents of the shadow password file, +/etc/shadow\&. The structure in the +\fI#include\fR +file is: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -206,28 +206,30 @@ searches from the current position in the file for an entry matching \fIname\fR\&. .PP \fIsetspent\fR -和 +and \fIendspent\fR -分别用来开始和结束对影子密码文件的访问。 +may be used to begin and end, respectively, access to the shadow password file\&. .PP -需要使用 +The \fIlckpwdf\fR -和 +and \fIulckpwdf\fR -函数来确保对 +routines should be used to insure exclusive access to the /etc/shadow -文件的互斥访问。\fIlckpwdf\fR -使用 +file\&. +\fIlckpwdf\fR +attempts to acquire a lock using \fIpw_lock\fR -来获取一个最长为 15 秒的锁，然后继续使用 +for up to 15 seconds\&. It continues by attempting to acquire a second lock using \fIspw_lock\fR -来获取长度为开始的 15 秒时间的剩余量的第二把锁。总计 15 秒之后，无论哪个失败，\fIlckpwdf\fR -都返回 \-1。两把锁都获取成功时，返回 0。 +for the remainder of the initial 15 seconds\&. Should either attempt fail after a total of 15 seconds, +\fIlckpwdf\fR +returns \-1\&. When both locks are acquired 0 is returned\&. .SH "DIAGNOSTICS" .PP -如果没有更多条目了或者处理时出错，此函数返回 NULL。使用 +Routines return NULL if no more entries are available or if an error occurs during processing\&. Routines which have \fIint\fR -类型返回值的函数返回 0 表示成功，\-1 表示失败。 +as the return value return 0 for success and \-1 for failure\&. .SH "CAVEATS" .PP 这些函数只能由超级用户使用，因为对影子密码文件的访问是受限的。 diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/faillog.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/faillog.5 index 49c13f4a..ee07524d 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man5/faillog.5 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/faillog.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 文件格式和转化 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "文件格式和转化" +.TH "FAILLOG" "5" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "文件格式和转化" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/gshadow.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/gshadow.5 index ea7eca7b..8ccd78f4 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man5/gshadow.5 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/gshadow.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: gshadow .\" Author: Nicolas Fran\(,cois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 文件格式和转化 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "文件格式和转化" +.TH "GSHADOW" "5" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "文件格式和转化" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ gshadow \- 影子化了的组文件 .SH "描述" .PP /etc/gshadow -包含影子化了的组账户信息。 +contains the shadowed information for group accounts\&. .PP 如果没有维护好密码安全，此文件绝对不能让普通用户可读。 .PP @@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ gshadow \- 影子化了的组文件 .PP \fB加密了的密码\fR .RS 4 -请参考 +Refer to \fBcrypt\fR(3) -来了解关于解析此字符串的细节信息。 +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. .sp If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of \fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, users will not be able to use a unix password to access the group (but group members do not need the password)\&. @@ -59,9 +59,8 @@ The password is used when a user who is not a member of the group wants to gain .sp A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked\&. .sp -此密码取代 -/etc/group -中指定的任何密码。 +This password supersedes any password specified in +/etc/group\&. .RE .PP \fB管理员\fR diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/limits.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/limits.5 index 5b55ef32..37893c88 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man5/limits.5 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/limits.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: limits .\" Author: Luca Berra .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 文件格式和转化 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "LIMITS" "5" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "文件格式和转化" +.TH "LIMITS" "5" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "文件格式和转化" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -47,8 +47,9 @@ By default no quota is imposed on \*(Aqroot\*(Aq\&. In fact, there is no way to .PP \fI@group LIMITS_STRING\fR .PP +The \fILIMITS_STRING\fR -是一个串联的资源限制列表。每条限制由一个字母指示符和跟随的数字限制组成。 +is a string of a concatenated list of resource limits\&. Each limit consists of a letter identifier followed by a numerical limit\&. .PP 可用的指示符有： .sp @@ -104,9 +105,8 @@ F: maximum file size (KB) .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -K：文件创建掩码，由 -\fBumask\fR(2) -设置。 +K: file creation mask, set by +\fBumask\fR(2)\&. .RE .sp .RS 4 @@ -172,9 +172,8 @@ O：最大实时优先级 .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -P：进程优先级，由 -\fBsetpriority\fR(2) -设置。 +P: process priority, set by +\fBsetpriority\fR(2)\&. .RE .sp .RS 4 @@ -221,9 +220,10 @@ T：最大 CPU 时间 (分钟) U：最大处理器数目 .RE .PP -例如，\fIL2D2048N5\fR -就是有效的 -\fILIMITS_STRING\fR。为了阅读方便，如下项表示同样的意思： +For example, +\fIL2D2048N5\fR +is a valid +\fILIMITS_STRING\fR\&. For reading convenience, the following entries are equivalent: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ If no lines are specified for a user, the last \fI@group\fR line matching a group whose the user is a member of will be considered, or the last line with default limits if no groups contain the user\&. .PP -要完全禁用对一个用户的限制，可以仅仅只使用一个短线\(lq\-\(rq。 +To completely disable limits for a user, a single dash "\fI\-\fR" will do\&. .PP To disable a limit for a user, a single dash "\fI\-\fR" can be used instead of the numerical value for this limit\&. .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/login.access.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/login.access.5 index c3bf5982..0b23bc53 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man5/login.access.5 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/login.access.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login.access .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 文件格式和转化 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "LOGIN\&.ACCESS" "5" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "文件格式和转化" +.TH "LOGIN\&.ACCESS" "5" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "文件格式和转化" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -51,8 +51,9 @@ The first field should be a "\fI+\fR" (access granted) or "\fI\-\fR" (access den \fILOCAL\fR (matches any string that does not contain a "\&." character)\&. If you run NIS you can use @netgroupname in host or user patterns\&. .PP +The \fIEXCEPT\fR -操作符让编写非常复杂的规则，成为可能。 +operator makes it possible to write very compact rules\&. .PP The group file is searched only when a name does not match that of the logged\-in user\&. Only groups are matched in which users are explicitly listed: the program does not look at a user\*(Aqs primary group id value\&. .SH "文件" diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/login.defs.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/login.defs.5 index b5ebccb5..71816917 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man5/login.defs.5 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/login.defs.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: login.defs .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 文件格式和转化 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "LOGIN\&.DEFS" "5" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "文件格式和转化" +.TH "LOGIN\&.DEFS" "5" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "文件格式和转化" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -50,9 +50,10 @@ value\&. Numbers (both regular and long) may be either decimal values, octal val .PP \fBCHFN_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -如果为 -\fIyes\fR，\fBchfn\fR -进行任何更改前都要要求认证，除非由超级用户运行。 +If +\fIyes\fR, the +\fBchfn\fR +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP \fBCHFN_RESTRICT\fR (string) @@ -81,9 +82,10 @@ SUID\&. .PP \fBCHSH_AUTH\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -如果 -\fIyes\fR，\fBchsh\fR -程序在做任何更改之前都会要求认证，除非是以超级用户身份运行的。 +If +\fIyes\fR, the +\fBchsh\fR +program will require authentication before making any changes, unless run by the superuser\&. .RE .PP \fBCONSOLE\fR (string) @@ -97,8 +99,9 @@ SUID\&. .PP \fBCONSOLE_GROUPS\fR (string) .RS 4 -在控制台登录时，添加到用户附加组集中的组列表(就如 CONSOLE 所确定的)。默认是无。 -使用时需要注意：这可能使用户获取这些组的永久权限，甚至登录到的不是此控制台时。 +List of groups to add to the user\*(Aqs supplementary groups set when logging in on the console (as determined by the CONSOLE setting)\&. Default is none\&. + +Use with caution \- it is possible for users to gain permanent access to these groups, even when not logged in on the console\&. .RE .PP \fBCREATE_HOME\fR (boolean) @@ -112,29 +115,29 @@ SUID\&. .RS 4 如果不能 cd 到主目录时，说明是否允许登录。默认是否。 .sp -如果设置为 -\fIyes\fR，如果不能 cd 到主目录时，用户将会登录到根目录(/)。 +If set to +\fIyes\fR, the user will login in the root (/) directory if it is not possible to cd to her home directory\&. .RE .PP \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 这定义了系统加密密码的默认算法(如果没有在命令行上指定算法)。 .sp -可以使用如下值：\fIDES\fR +It can take one of these values: +\fIDES\fR (default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -注意，此参数会覆盖 +Note: this parameter overrides the \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -变量。 +variable\&. .RE .PP \fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -如果设置了，将会用于在用户登录时定义 HZ 环境变量。值必须以 -\fIHZ=\fR -开头。Linux 上的常用值是 -\fIHZ=100\fR。 +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is +\fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP \fBENV_PATH\fR (string) @@ -155,14 +158,14 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus .PP \fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -如果设置了，它将用于在用户登录时定义 TZ 环境变量。此值可以是以 +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -开头的时区名(例如 -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR)，或者是包含时区规则的文件完整路径(例如 -/etc/tzname)。 +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example +/etc/tzname)\&. .sp -如果将完整路径指定为了一个不存在或不可读的文件，则默认使用 -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR。 +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .PP \fBENVIRON_FILE\fR (string) @@ -174,10 +177,10 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus .PP \fBERASECHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -终端擦除字符 (\fI010\fR +Terminal ERASE character (\fI010\fR = backspace, \fI0177\fR -= DEL)。 += DEL)\&. .sp 此值可以使用前缀\(lq0\(rq表示八进制，\(lq0x\(rq表示十六进制。 .RE @@ -189,17 +192,17 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus .PP \fBFAILLOG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -允许登录并显示 +Enable logging and display of /var/log/faillog -登录失败信息。 +login failure info\&. .RE .PP \fBFAKE_SHELL\fR (string) .RS 4 -如果设置了，\fBlogin\fR -将执行此 shell 而不是在 -/etc/passwd -中指定的用户 shell。 +If set, +\fBlogin\fR +will execute this shell instead of the users\*(Aq shell specified in +/etc/passwd\&. .RE .PP \fBFTMP_FILE\fR (string) @@ -209,15 +212,15 @@ If set, it will be used to define the PATH environment variable when the superus .PP \fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -\fBuseradd\fR，\fBgroupadd\fR -或 -\fBnewusers\fR -创建的常规组的组 ID 的范围。 +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by +\fBuseradd\fR, +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -和 -\fBGID_MAX\fR -的默认值分别是 1000 和 60000。 +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP \fBHUSHLOGIN_FILE\fR (string) @@ -232,8 +235,8 @@ If defined, this file can inhibit all the usual chatter during the login sequenc .PP \fBKILLCHAR\fR (number) .RS 4 -终端 KILL 字符 (\fI025\fR -= CTRL/U)。 +Terminal KILL character (\fI025\fR += CTRL/U)\&. .sp 此值可以使用前缀\(lq0\(rq表示八进制，\(lq0x\(rq表示十六进制。 .RE @@ -273,8 +276,8 @@ option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for wri .RS 4 此字符串用于提示输入密码。默认是 "Password: "，或者翻译了的结果(汉语中翻译为了\(lq密码：\(rq)。如果设置了此变量，提示不会被翻译。 .sp -如果字符串包含 -\fI%s\fR，将会被用户名替换。 +If the string contains +\fI%s\fR, this will be replaced by the user\*(Aqs name\&. .RE .PP \fBLOGIN_TIMEOUT\fR (number) @@ -299,27 +302,28 @@ option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for wri 定义用户邮箱文件的位置(相对于主目录)。 .RE .PP +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -变量由 -\fBuseradd\fR，\fBusermod\fR -和 +variables are used by +\fBuseradd\fR, +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -用于创建、移动或删除用户邮箱。 +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -如果 +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -设置为 -\fIyes\fR，它们也被用于定义 +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the \fBMAIL\fR -环境变量。 +environment variable\&. .PP \fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -每个组条目的最大成员数。达到最大值时，在 +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -开始一个新条目(行)(使用同样的名称，同样的密码，同样的 GID)。 +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp 默认值是 0，意味着组中的成员数没有限制。 .sp @@ -332,17 +336,18 @@ and .PP \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -表示密码是否必须使用基于 MD5 的算法加密。如果设为 -\fIyes\fR，新密码将使用可以和新版 FreeBSD 兼容的基于 MD5 的算法加密。它支持无限长度的密码以及更长的盐字符串。如果您需要将加密的密码复制到其它不理解新算法的系统，设置为 -\fIno\fR。默认值是 -\fIno\fR。 +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is +\fIno\fR\&. .sp This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -此变量已经废弃。您应该使用 -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR。 +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP \fBMOTD_FILE\fR (string) @@ -393,11 +398,12 @@ are only used at the time of account creation\&. Any changes to these settings w .PP \fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR (number), \fBPASS_MIN_LEN\fR (number) .RS 4 -crypt() 的有效字符位数。\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR -默认是 8，除非您自己的 crypt() 更好，否则不要更改。如果 +Number of significant characters in the password for crypt()\&. +\fBPASS_MAX_LEN\fR +is 8 by default\&. Don\*(Aqt change unless your crypt() is better\&. This is ignored if \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -设为 -\fIyes\fR，会被忽略。 +set to +\fIyes\fR\&. .RE .PP \fBPORTTIME_CHECKS_ENAB\fR (boolean) @@ -415,12 +421,12 @@ and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .PP \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -设为 +is set to \fISHA256\fR -或 -\fISHA512\fR -时，此项确定加密算法默认使用 SHA 轮转数目(当轮转数没有通过命令行指定时)。 +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp 使用很多轮转，会让暴力破解更加困难。但是需要注意，认证用户时也会需要更多的 CPU 资源。 .sp @@ -428,16 +434,16 @@ and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .sp 值必须在 1000 \- 999,999,999 之间。 .sp -如果只设置了一个 +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -或 +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -值，就会使用这个值。 +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -如果 +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR，将会使用大的那个。 +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .PP \fBSULOG_FILE\fR (string) @@ -452,11 +458,16 @@ and ulimit, umask, and niceness from the user\*(Aqs passwd gecos field\&. .PP \fBSU_WHEEL_ONLY\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -如果为 -\fIyes\fR，用户必须在 +If +\fIyes\fR, the user must be listed as a member of the first gid 0 group in /etc/group -中别设定为 GID 为 0 的组(在大部分 Linux 上叫 -\fIroot\fR)的成员。 +(called +\fIroot\fR +on most Linux systems) to be able to +\fBsu\fR +to uid 0 accounts\&. If the group doesn\*(Aqt exist or is empty, no one will be able to +\fBsu\fR +to uid 0\&. .RE .PP \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (number) @@ -507,44 +518,44 @@ are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .PP \fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -\fBuseradd\fR、\fBgroupadd\fR -或 -\fBnewusers\fR -创建的系统组的组 ID 的范围。 +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by +\fBuseradd\fR, +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -和 -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR -的默认值分别是 101 和 -\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1。 +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. +\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP \fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 +Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by \fBuseradd\fR -或 -\fBnewusers\fR -创建的系统用户的用户 ID 的范围。 +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp +The default value for \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -和 -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR -的默认值分别是 101 和 -\fBUID_MIN\fR\-1。 +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. +\fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP \fBSYSLOG_SG_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -允许\(lqsyslog\(rq记录 +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsg\fR -的活动。 +activity\&. .RE .PP \fBSYSLOG_SU_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -除了 sulog 文件日志，也为 +Enable "syslog" logging of \fBsu\fR -活动启用\(lqsyslog\(rq日志。 +activity \- in addition to sulog file logging\&. .RE .PP \fBTTYGROUP\fR (string), \fBTTYPERM\fR (string) @@ -572,22 +583,22 @@ If defined, file which maps tty line to TERM environment parameter\&. Each line .PP \fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 +Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by \fBuseradd\fR -或 -\fBnewusers\fR -创建的普通用户的用户 ID 的范围。 +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp +The default value for \fBUID_MIN\fR -和 -\fBUID_MAX\fR -的默认值分别是 1000 和 60000。 +(resp\&. +\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP \fBULIMIT\fR (number) .RS 4 -默认 +Default \fBulimit\fR -值。 +value\&. .RE .PP \fBUMASK\fR (number) @@ -595,19 +606,18 @@ If defined, file which maps tty line to TERM environment parameter\&. Each line 文件模式创建掩码初始化为此值。如果没有指定，掩码初始化为 022。 .sp \fBuseradd\fR -和 +and \fBnewusers\fR -使用此掩码设置它们创建的用户主目录的模式。 +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -也被 +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -用于指定用户的初始 umask。注意，此掩码可以被用户的 GECOS 行覆盖(当设置了 +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -时)，也可以被带 +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -指示符的 -\fBlimits\fR(5) -定义的限制值覆盖。 +identifier in +\fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .PP \fBUSERDEL_CMD\fR (string) @@ -616,7 +626,7 @@ If defined, file which maps tty line to TERM environment parameter\&. Each line .sp 这个脚本的返回值并不被带到账户中去。 .sp -这是一个示例脚本，它移除用户的 cron、at 和 print 作业： +Here is an example script, which removes the user\*(Aqs cron, at and print jobs: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -624,41 +634,44 @@ If defined, file which maps tty line to TERM environment parameter\&. Each line .nf #! /bin/sh -# 检查需要的参数 +# Check for the required argument\&. if [ $# != 1 ]; then echo "Usage: $0 username" exit 1 fi -# 移除 cron 作业 +# Remove cron jobs\&. crontab \-r \-u $1 -# 移除 at 作业 -# 注意这将移除所有属于同一个 UID 的作业 -# 即使此 ID 由多个用户名共享 +# Remove at jobs\&. +# Note that it will remove any jobs owned by the same UID, +# even if it was shared by a different username\&. AT_SPOOL_DIR=/var/spool/cron/atjobs find $AT_SPOOL_DIR \-name "[^\&.]*" \-type f \-user $1 \-delete \e; -# 移除 print 作业 +# Remove print jobs\&. lprm $1 -# 全部完成 +# All done\&. exit 0 .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} +.sp .RE .PP \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 如果 uid 和 gid 相同，用户名和主用户名也相同，使非 root 组的组掩码位和属主位相同 (如：022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007)。 .sp -如果设置为 -\fIyes\fR，如果组中没有成员了，\fBuserdel\fR -将移除此用户组，\fBuseradd\fR -创建用户时，也会创建一个同名的默认组。 +If set to +\fIyes\fR, +\fBuserdel\fR +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and +\fBuseradd\fR +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "交叉引用" .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/passwd.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/passwd.5 index e638187e..8c2e1d9c 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man5/passwd.5 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/passwd.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: passwd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 文件格式和转化 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "PASSWD" "5" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "文件格式和转化" +.TH "PASSWD" "5" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "文件格式和转化" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ passwd \- 密码文件 .SH "描述" .PP /etc/passwd -为每个用户账户包含一行，包含使用冒号 (\(lq:\(rq) 分隔的七个字段，分别是： +contains one line for each user account, with seven fields delimited by colons (\(lq:\(rq)\&. These fields are: .sp .RS 4 .ie n \{\ @@ -111,40 +111,55 @@ passwd \- 密码文件 可选的用户命令解释器 .RE .PP -加密的密码字段可以为空，此时使用指定的登录名登录时不会要求认证。然而，如果 +If the \fIpassword\fR -为空，一些读取 -/etc/passwd -文件的程序可能会不允许 -\fI任何\fR -访问。如果 -\fIpassword\fR -字段是一个小写的 -\(lqx\(rq，那么加密的密码实际上存储于 +field is a lower\-case +\(lqx\(rq, then the encrypted password is actually stored in the \fBshadow\fR(5) -中；在 +file instead; there +\fImust\fR +be a corresponding line in the /etc/shadow -文件中 -\fI必须\fR -有对应的行，否则用户账户就会无效。如果 +file, or else the user account is invalid\&. +.PP +The encrypted +\fIpassword\fR +field may be empty, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the +/etc/passwd +file may decide not to permit +\fIany\fR +access at all if the \fIpassword\fR -字段是其他任何字符串，将会被视为加密过的密码，如 +field is blank\&. +.PP +A +\fIpassword\fR +field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the +\fIpassword\fR +field before the password was locked\&. +.PP +Refer to \fBcrypt\fR(3) -中的说明。 +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. +.PP +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)\&. .PP -此注释字段被多个系统工具使用，例如 -\fBfinger\fR(1)。 +The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as +\fBfinger\fR(1)\&. .PP -主目录字段提供了初始工作目录的名称。\fBlogin\fR -程序根据此信息设置 +The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory\&. The +\fBlogin\fR +program uses this information to set the value of the \fB$HOME\fR -环境变量。 +environmental variable\&. .PP -命令解释器字段提供了用户命令语言解释器的名称，或者开始时执行的程序的名称。\fBlogin\fR -程序使用此信息设置 +The command interpreter field provides the name of the user\*(Aqs command language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute\&. The +\fBlogin\fR +program uses this information to set the value of the \fB$SHELL\fR -环境变量的值。如果字段为空，默认值为 -/bin/sh。 +environmental variable\&. If this field is empty, it defaults to the value +/bin/sh\&. .SH "文件" .PP /etc/passwd diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/porttime.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/porttime.5 index a58256cc..841153b1 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man5/porttime.5 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/porttime.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: porttime .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 文件格式和转化 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "文件格式和转化" +.TH "PORTTIME" "5" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "文件格式和转化" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,39 +32,41 @@ porttime \- 端口访问时间文件 .SH "描述" .PP \fIporttime\fR -包含一个 tty 设备、用户名和允许登录时间的列表。 +contains a list of tty devices, user names, and permitted login times\&. .PP 每项包含三个由冒号分隔的字段。第一个字段是逗号分隔的 tty 设备列表，或者星号表示匹配所有终端。第二个字段是逗号分隔的用户名列表，或者星号表示匹配所有用户名。第三个字段是逗号分隔的访问许可时间。 .PP -每条访问时间包含一周的 0 天或多天，缩写为 +Each access time entry consists of zero or more days of the week, abbreviated \fISu\fR, \fIMo\fR, \fITu\fR, \fIWe\fR, \fITh\fR, -\fIFr\fR -和 -\fISa\fR，随后是连字符分隔的一组时间，缩写 +\fIFr\fR, and +\fISa\fR, followed by a pair of times separated by a hyphen\&. The abbreviation \fIWk\fR -可以用于表示周一到周五，\fIAl\fR -可以用于表示没一天。如果没有制定周几，将会假定为 -\fIAl\fR。 +may be used to represent Monday thru Friday, and +\fIAl\fR +may be used to indicate every day\&. If no days are given, +\fIAl\fR +is assumed\&. .SH "示例" .PP -下面的条目允许在工作日的上午九点到下午五点在任何端口上访问用户 -\fBjfh\fR。 +The following entry allows access to user +\fBjfh\fR +on every port during weekdays from 9am to 5pm\&. .PP *:jfh:Wk0900\-1700 .PP -下面这条任何时间，只允许用户 +The following entries allow access only to the users \fIroot\fR -和 +and \fIoper\fR -在 +on /dev/console -登录。这也是说 +at any time\&. This illustrates how the /etc/porttime -文件是一个访问时间的有序列表。任何匹配第二条的其他用户都不会被允许访问。 +file is an ordered list of access times\&. Any other user would match the second entry which does not permit access at any time\&. .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -78,8 +80,9 @@ porttime \- 端口访问时间文件 .RE .\} .PP -如下项允许，在非工作时间在任何端口上使用用户 -\fIgames\fR。 +The following entry allows access for the user +\fIgames\fR +on any port during non\-working hours\&. .PP *:games:Wk1700\-0900,SaSu0000\-2400 .SH "文件" diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/shadow.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/shadow.5 index e764babb..d036d45d 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man5/shadow.5 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/shadow.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: shadow .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 文件格式和转化 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "SHADOW" "5" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "文件格式和转化" +.TH "SHADOW" "5" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "文件格式和转化" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ shadow \- 影子化了的密码文件 .SH "描述" .PP shadow -是一个文件，它包含系统账户的密码信息和可选的年龄信息。 +is a file which contains the password information for the system\*(Aqs accounts and optional aging information\&. .PP 如果没有维护好密码安全，此文件绝对不能让普通用户可读。 .PP -此文件的每行包括 9 个字段，使用半角冒号 (\(lq:\(rq) 分隔，顺序如下： +Each line of this file contains 9 fields, separated by colons (\(lq:\(rq), in the following order: .PP \fB登录名\fR .RS 4 @@ -45,19 +45,18 @@ shadow .PP \fB加密了的密码\fR .RS 4 -请参考 -\fBcrypt\fR(3) -来了解关于解析此字符串的细节信息。 -.sp -如果密码字段包含一些不是 -\fBcrypt\fR(3) -合法结果的字符，比如 ! 或 *，用户将无法使用 unix 密码登录(但是可以通过其它方法登录系统)。 -.sp -此字段可以为空，此时认证为特定的登录名时，不要求密码。然而，一些读取 +This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to authenticate as the specified login name\&. However, some applications which read the /etc/shadow -文件的应用程序，在密码字段为空时，可能决定禁止任何访问。 +file may decide not to permit any access at all if the password field is empty\&. .sp A password field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked\&. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked\&. +.sp +Refer to +\fBcrypt\fR(3) +for details on how this string is interpreted\&. +.sp +If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of +\fBcrypt\fR(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means)\&. .RE .PP \fB最后一次更改密码的日期\fR diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man5/suauth.5 b/man/zh_CN/man5/suauth.5 index dd5b3425..8f522680 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man5/suauth.5 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man5/suauth.5 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: suauth .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 文件格式和转化 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "SUAUTH" "5" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "文件格式和转化" +.TH "SUAUTH" "5" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "文件格式和转化" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,8 +34,9 @@ suauth \- 详细的 su 控制文件 \fB/etc/suauth\fR .SH "描述" .PP -执行 su 命令时，总是根据 -/etc/suauth，可以更改 su 命令的行为，规则是： +The file +/etc/suauth +is referenced whenever the su command is called\&. It can change the behaviour of the su command, based upon: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -63,9 +64,10 @@ suauth \- 详细的 su 控制文件 .RE .\} .PP -此处的 to\-id 可以是：\fIALL\fR，逗号(,) 分隔的用户名列表或者 +Where to\-id is either the word +\fIALL\fR, a list of usernames delimited by "," or the words \fIALL EXCEPT\fR -后跟逗号分隔的用户名列表。 +followed by a list of usernames delimited by ","\&. .PP from\-id is formatted the same as to\-id except the extra word \fIGROUP\fR @@ -101,19 +103,22 @@ su 尝试自动成功，而且不询问密码。 .RS 4 .\} .nf - # 示例 /etc/suauth 文件 + # sample /etc/suauth file # - # 有两个用户可以使用自己的密码 su 成 root + # A couple of privileged usernames may + # su to root with their own password\&. # root:chris,birddog:OWNPASS # - # 任何其他人都不能 su 成 root，除非在 wheel 组中。 - # BSD 就是这样实现这个功能的。 + # Anyone else may not su to root unless in + # group wheel\&. This is how BSD does things\&. # root:ALL EXCEPT GROUP wheel:DENY # - # 或许 terry 和 birddog 是属于同一个人的账户 - # 两个账户直接互相 su，不需要密码 + # Perhaps terry and birddog are accounts + # owned by the same person\&. + # Access can be arranged between them + # with no password\&. # terry:birddog:NOPASS birddog:terry:NOPASS @@ -133,9 +138,9 @@ su 尝试自动成功，而且不询问密码。 可能会有很多潜在问题。文件解析器尤其不能容忍语法错误，不能有无意义的空白符(除了行首和行尾)，并且使用特定的标记分割不同的事情。 .SH "DIAGNOSTICS" .PP -此文件的解析错误会使用 +An error parsing the file is reported using \fBsyslogd\fR(8) -作为 AUTH 中的 ERR 级别报告。 +as level ERR on facility AUTH\&. .SH "参见" .PP \fBsu\fR(1)\&. diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/chgpasswd.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/chgpasswd.8 index 0b6e03cb..49841d85 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/chgpasswd.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/chgpasswd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chgpasswd .\" Author: Thomas K\(/loczko <kloczek@pld.org.pl> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "CHGPASSWD" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "CHGPASSWD" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,14 +34,14 @@ chgpasswd \- 批量更新组密码 \fBchgpasswd\fR [\fI选项\fR] .SH "描述" .PP +The \fBchgpasswd\fR -命令从标准输入读取一系列组名和密码对，并使用此信息更新这些存在的组。每行的格式如下： +command reads a list of group name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a set of existing groups\&. Each line is of the format: .PP \fIgroup_name\fR:\fIpassword\fR .PP -默认上，提供的密码必须是明码文本，然后由 -\fBchgpasswd\fR -加密。 +By default the supplied password must be in clear\-text, and is encrypted by +\fBchgpasswd\fR\&. .PP The default encryption algorithm can be defined for the system with the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR @@ -55,8 +55,9 @@ options\&. 此命令一般用于需要一次创建很多用户的大型系统。 .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBchgpasswd\fR -可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR .RS 4 @@ -99,9 +100,8 @@ directory\&. .sp 您只可以对 SHA256 或 SHA512 使用此选项。 .sp -默认，轮转数由 -/etc/login\&.defs -文件中的 SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS 和 SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS 变量确定。 +By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .SH "CAVEATS" .PP @@ -110,28 +110,29 @@ directory\&. 您需要确保你吗和加密方法符合系统的密码策略。 .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 这定义了系统加密密码的默认算法(如果没有在命令行上指定算法)。 .sp -可以使用如下值：\fIDES\fR +It can take one of these values: +\fIDES\fR (default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -注意，此参数会覆盖 +Note: this parameter overrides the \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -变量。 +variable\&. .RE .PP \fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -每个组条目的最大成员数。达到最大值时，在 +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -开始一个新条目(行)(使用同样的名称，同样的密码，同样的 GID)。 +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp 默认值是 0，意味着组中的成员数没有限制。 .sp @@ -144,27 +145,28 @@ directory\&. .PP \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -表示密码是否必须使用基于 MD5 的算法加密。如果设为 -\fIyes\fR，新密码将使用可以和新版 FreeBSD 兼容的基于 MD5 的算法加密。它支持无限长度的密码以及更长的盐字符串。如果您需要将加密的密码复制到其它不理解新算法的系统，设置为 -\fIno\fR。默认值是 -\fIno\fR。 +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is +\fIno\fR\&. .sp This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -此变量已经废弃。您应该使用 -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR。 +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -设为 +is set to \fISHA256\fR -或 -\fISHA512\fR -时，此项确定加密算法默认使用 SHA 轮转数目(当轮转数没有通过命令行指定时)。 +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp 使用很多轮转，会让暴力破解更加困难。但是需要注意，认证用户时也会需要更多的 CPU 资源。 .sp @@ -172,16 +174,16 @@ variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorith .sp 值必须在 1000 \- 999,999,999 之间。 .sp -如果只设置了一个 +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -或 +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -值，就会使用这个值。 +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -如果 +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR，将会使用大的那个。 +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/chpasswd.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/chpasswd.8 index 6f7aadc2..54ac59ce 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/chpasswd.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/chpasswd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: chpasswd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "CHPASSWD" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "CHPASSWD" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -40,9 +40,8 @@ command reads a list of user name and password pairs from standard input and use .PP \fIuser_name\fR:\fIpassword\fR .PP -默认必须明文提供密码，然后由 -\fBchpasswd\fR -加密。如果存在密码年龄信息，也会更新之。 +By default the passwords must be supplied in clear\-text, and are encrypted by +\fBchpasswd\fR\&. Also the password age will be updated, if present\&. .PP The default encryption algorithm can be defined for the system with the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR @@ -61,8 +60,9 @@ first updates all the passwords in memory, and then commits all the changes to d 此命令一般用于需要一次创建很多用户的大型系统。 .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBchpasswd\fR -可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR\ \&\fIMETHOD\fR .RS 4 @@ -128,46 +128,48 @@ variables in 记住要设置权限或者掩码来阻止其它用户对未加密文件的读取。 .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 这定义了系统加密密码的默认算法(如果没有在命令行上指定算法)。 .sp -可以使用如下值：\fIDES\fR +It can take one of these values: +\fIDES\fR (default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -注意，此参数会覆盖 +Note: this parameter overrides the \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -变量。 +variable\&. .RE .PP \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -表示密码是否必须使用基于 MD5 的算法加密。如果设为 -\fIyes\fR，新密码将使用可以和新版 FreeBSD 兼容的基于 MD5 的算法加密。它支持无限长度的密码以及更长的盐字符串。如果您需要将加密的密码复制到其它不理解新算法的系统，设置为 -\fIno\fR。默认值是 -\fIno\fR。 +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is +\fIno\fR\&. .sp This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -此变量已经废弃。您应该使用 -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR。 +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -设为 +is set to \fISHA256\fR -或 -\fISHA512\fR -时，此项确定加密算法默认使用 SHA 轮转数目(当轮转数没有通过命令行指定时)。 +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp 使用很多轮转，会让暴力破解更加困难。但是需要注意，认证用户时也会需要更多的 CPU 资源。 .sp @@ -175,16 +177,16 @@ variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorith .sp 值必须在 1000 \- 999,999,999 之间。 .sp -如果只设置了一个 +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -或 +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -值，就会使用这个值。 +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -如果 +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR，将会使用大的那个。 +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP @@ -206,4 +208,5 @@ Shadow 密码套件配置。 .PP \fBpasswd\fR(1), \fBnewusers\fR(8), -\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&. +\fBlogin.defs\fR(5), +\fBuseradd\fR(8)\&. diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/faillog.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/faillog.8 index 5cd8bdff..4b9fa4d5 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/faillog.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/faillog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: faillog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "FAILLOG" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "FAILLOG" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -40,8 +40,9 @@ displays the contents of the failure log database (/var/log/faillog)\&. It can a is run without arguments, it only displays the faillog records of the users who had a login failure\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBfaillog\fR -可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR .RS 4 @@ -49,9 +50,9 @@ Display (or act on) faillog records for all users having an entry in the faillog database\&. .sp -用户的范围可以使用 +The range of users can be restricted with the \fB\-u\fR -选项限制。 +option\&. .sp In display mode, this is still restricted to existing users but forces the display of the faillog entries even if they are empty\&. .sp @@ -70,13 +71,13 @@ options, the users\*(Aq records are changed, even if the user does not exist on .PP \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-lock\-secs\fR\ \&\fISEC\fR .RS 4 -登录失败后锁定账户 +Lock account for \fISEC\fR -秒。 +seconds after failed login\&. .sp -此选项要求对 +Write access to /var/log/faillog -有写入权限。 +is required for this option\&. .RE .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-maximum\fR\ \&\fIMAX\fR @@ -92,18 +93,18 @@ The maximum failure count should always be 0 for \fIroot\fR to prevent a denial of services attack against the system\&. .sp -此选项要求对 +Write access to /var/log/faillog -有写入权限。 +is required for this option\&. .RE .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-reset\fR .RS 4 重置登录失败计数。 .sp -此选项要求对 +Write access to /var/log/faillog -有写入权限。 +is required for this option\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR @@ -117,9 +118,8 @@ directory\&. .PP \fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -显示新于 -\fIDAYS\fR -的登录失败记录。 +Display faillog records more recent than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIRANGE\fR diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/groupadd.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/groupadd.8 index e8c932f4..29aab862 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/groupadd.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/groupadd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupadd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "GROUPADD" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -39,8 +39,9 @@ The command creates a new group account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system\&. The new group will be entered into the system files as needed\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBgroupadd\fR -命令可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR .RS 4 @@ -78,10 +79,13 @@ defaults (GID_MIN, GID_MAX and others)\&. Multiple \fB\-K\fR options can be specified\&. .sp -示例：\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR\ \&\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR +Example: +\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI100\fR\ \& +\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR .sp -注意：\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI10\fR,\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR -尚不能工作。 +Note: +\fB\-K\fR\ \&\fIGID_MIN\fR=\fI10\fR,\fIGID_MAX\fR=\fI499\fR +doesn\*(Aqt work yet\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR @@ -91,11 +95,11 @@ options can be specified\&. .PP \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -加密了的密码，就像 -\fBcrypt\fR(3) -的返回值。默认为禁用密码。 +The encrypted password, as returned by +\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. The default is to disable the password\&. .sp -\fB注意：\fR不推荐使用这个选项，因为密码(或加密过的密码)会被用户通过列出这个过程而看到。 +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp 您应该确保密码符合系统的密码政策。 .RE @@ -130,28 +134,28 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -\fBuseradd\fR，\fBgroupadd\fR -或 -\fBnewusers\fR -创建的常规组的组 ID 的范围。 +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by +\fBuseradd\fR, +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -和 -\fBGID_MAX\fR -的默认值分别是 1000 和 60000。 +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP \fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -每个组条目的最大成员数。达到最大值时，在 +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -开始一个新条目(行)(使用同样的名称，同样的密码，同样的 GID)。 +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp 默认值是 0，意味着组中的成员数没有限制。 .sp @@ -164,16 +168,16 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .PP \fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -\fBuseradd\fR、\fBgroupadd\fR -或 -\fBnewusers\fR -创建的系统组的组 ID 的范围。 +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by +\fBuseradd\fR, +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -和 -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR -的默认值分别是 101 和 -\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1。 +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. +\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP @@ -195,7 +199,7 @@ Shadow 密码套件配置。 .PP 组名必须以小写字母或者下划线开头，跟随小写字母、下划线或短横线。可以由美元符号结束。用正则表达式就是：[a\-z_][a\-z0\-9_\-]*[$]? .PP -组名最长为 16 个字符。 +Groupnames may only be up to 16 characters long\&. .PP You may not add a NIS or LDAP group\&. This must be performed on the corresponding server\&. .PP @@ -204,38 +208,40 @@ If the groupname already exists in an external group database such as NIS or LDA will deny the group creation request\&. .SH "退出值" .PP +The \fBgroupadd\fR -可能以如下值退出： +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -成功 +success .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -无效的命令语法 +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -给了选项一个无效的参数 +invalid argument to option .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -GID 不唯一 (没有使用 -\fB\-o\fR) +GID not unique (when +\fB\-o\fR +not used) .RE .PP \fI9\fR .RS 4 -组名不唯一 +group name not unique .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -无法更新组文件 +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .SH "参见" .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/groupdel.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/groupdel.8 index d3d8aa4d..73a0cf93 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/groupdel.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/groupdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "GROUPDEL" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,14 +34,15 @@ groupdel \- 删除一个组 \fBgroupdel\fR [\fI选项\fR] \fIGROUP\fR .SH "描述" .PP -\fBuserdel\fR -修改系统账户文件，删除与 -\fIGROUP\fR -相关的所有项目。给出的组名必须存在。 +The +\fBgroupdel\fR +command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to +\fIGROUP\fR\&. The named group must exist\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBgroupdel\fR -命令可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -72,15 +73,15 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- 您需要手动检查所有文件系统，以确保没有遗留的属于此组的文件。 .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -每个组条目的最大成员数。达到最大值时，在 +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -开始一个新条目(行)(使用同样的名称，同样的密码，同样的 GID)。 +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp 默认值是 0，意味着组中的成员数没有限制。 .sp @@ -103,32 +104,33 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "退出值" .PP +The \fBgroupdel\fR -命令以如下值退出： +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -成功 +success .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -无效的命令语法 +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -指定的组不存在 +specified group doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI8\fR .RS 4 -不能移除用户的主组 +can\*(Aqt remove user\*(Aqs primary group .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -无法更新组文件 +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .SH "参见" .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/groupmems.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/groupmems.8 index 0321a283..272431f6 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/groupmems.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/groupmems.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmems .\" Author: George Kraft, IV .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "GROUPMEMS" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "GROUPMEMS" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -45,8 +45,9 @@ Only the superuser, as administrator, can use to alter the memberships of other groups\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBgroupmems\fR -命令可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-add\fR\ \&\fIuser_name\fR .RS 4 @@ -63,9 +64,9 @@ file, a new entry will be created\&. .RS 4 从组成员列表中删除用户。 .sp -如果 +If the /etc/gshadow -文件存在，用户将会被从组成员和管理员中移除。 +file exist, the user will be removed from the list of members and administrators of the group\&. .sp If the /etc/gshadow @@ -138,15 +139,15 @@ utility to manage their own group membership list\&. .\} .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -每个组条目的最大成员数。达到最大值时，在 +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -开始一个新条目(行)(使用同样的名称，同样的密码，同样的 GID)。 +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp 默认值是 0，意味着组中的成员数没有限制。 .sp diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/groupmod.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/groupmod.8 index dd6c8b0e..1e9891e5 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/groupmod.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/groupmod.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: groupmod .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "GROUPMOD" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "GROUPMOD" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -41,8 +41,9 @@ command modifies the definition of the specified by modifying the appropriate entry in the group database\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBgroupmod\fR -命令可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGID\fR .RS 4 @@ -96,11 +97,11 @@ to a non\-unique value\&. .PP \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -已经加密过的密码，就像 -\fBcrypt\fR(3) -返回的那样。 +The encrypted password, as returned by +\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. .sp -\fB注意：\fR不推荐使用这个选项，因为密码(或加密过的密码)会被用户通过列出这个过程而看到。 +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp 您应该确保密码符合系统的密码政策。 .RE @@ -124,15 +125,15 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -每个组条目的最大成员数。达到最大值时，在 +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -开始一个新条目(行)(使用同样的名称，同样的密码，同样的 GID)。 +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp 默认值是 0，意味着组中的成员数没有限制。 .sp @@ -165,8 +166,9 @@ Shadow 密码套件配置。 .RE .SH "退出值" .PP +The \fBgroupmod\fR -命令可以返回如下值： +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/grpck.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/grpck.8 index e77eabb1..2a5e9ef1 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/grpck.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/grpck.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: grpck .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "GRPCK" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "GRPCK" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -73,8 +73,8 @@ have the proper format and contain valid data\&. The user is prompted to delete .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -有效的组标识符 -(仅 /etc/group) +a valid group identifier +(/etc/group only) .RE .sp .RS 4 @@ -85,9 +85,8 @@ have the proper format and contain valid data\&. The user is prompted to delete .sp -1 .IP \(bu 2.3 .\} -有效的成员和 -管理员 -列表。 +a valid list of members +and administrators .RE .sp .RS 4 @@ -119,13 +118,15 @@ are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries\&. should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entries\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The \fB\-r\fR -和 +and \fB\-s\fR -选项不能联合使用。 +options cannot be combined\&. .PP +The options which apply to the \fBgrpck\fR -可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -152,9 +153,10 @@ directory\&. .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sort\fR .RS 4 -根据 GID 在 -/etc/group和 /etc/gshadow -中进行排序。 +Sort entries in +/etc/group +and /etc/gshadow +by GID\&. .RE .PP By default, @@ -166,15 +168,15 @@ and /etc/gshadow\&. The user may select alternate files with the and \fIshadow\fR parameters\&. .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -每个组条目的最大成员数。达到最大值时，在 +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -开始一个新条目(行)(使用同样的名称，同样的密码，同样的 GID)。 +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp 默认值是 0，意味着组中的成员数没有限制。 .sp @@ -202,42 +204,44 @@ and \fIshadow\fR parameters\&. .RE .SH "退出值" .PP +The \fBgrpck\fR -可以返回如下值： +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -成功 +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -无效的命令语法 +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -一个或多个坏掉的组条目 +one or more bad group entries .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -无法打开组文件 +can\*(Aqt open group files .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -无法锁定组文件 +can\*(Aqt lock group files .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -无法更新组文件 +can\*(Aqt update group files .RE .SH "参见" .PP \fBgroup\fR(5), \fBgroupmod\fR(8), -\fBgshadow\fR(5),\fBpasswd\fR(5), +\fBgshadow\fR(5), +\fBpasswd\fR(5), \fBpwck\fR(8), \fBshadow\fR(5)\&. diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/lastlog.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/lastlog.8 index 90b11463..7f6e77ee 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/lastlog.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/lastlog.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: lastlog .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "LASTLOG" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "LASTLOG" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -45,14 +45,14 @@ will be printed\&. The default (no flags) causes lastlog entries to be printed, /etc/passwd\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBlastlog\fR -命令可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-before\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -只显示老于 -\fIDAYS\fR -的最近登录记录。 +Print only lastlog records older than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-C\fR, \fB\-\-clear\fR @@ -85,9 +85,8 @@ Set lastlog record of a user to the current time\&. This option can be used only .PP \fB\-t\fR, \fB\-\-time\fR\ \&\fIDAYS\fR .RS 4 -只现实新于 -\fIDAYS\fR -的最近登录记录。 +Print the lastlog records more recent than +\fIDAYS\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-user\fR\ \&\fILOGIN\fR|\fIRANGE\fR @@ -101,9 +100,9 @@ of users\&. This of users can be specified with a min and max values (\fIUID_MIN\-UID_MAX\fR), a max value (\fI\-UID_MAX\fR), or a min value (\fIUID_MIN\-\fR)\&. .RE .PP -如果用户从来没有登录过，将会显示 -\fI** 从未登录 **\fR -而不是端口和时间。 +If the user has never logged in the message +\fI** Never logged in**\fR +will be displayed instead of the port and time\&. .PP Only the entries for the current users of the system will be displayed\&. Other entries may exist for users that were deleted previously\&. .SH "注意" @@ -115,9 +114,9 @@ passwd users with a high UID)\&. You can display its real size with "\fBls \-s\fR"\&. .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number) .RS 4 diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/logoutd.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/logoutd.8 index afd31d95..d1db0a65 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/logoutd.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/logoutd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: logoutd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "LOGOUTD" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/newusers.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/newusers.8 index 1f5db412..f264b65e 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/newusers.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/newusers.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: newusers .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "NEWUSERS" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "NEWUSERS" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -75,20 +75,19 @@ If this field contains the name of an existing user (or the name of a user creat .RS 4 此字段用于定义用户的主组 ID。 .sp -如果此字段包含一个现有组的组名(或者 -\fBnewusers\fR -在前边创建的一个组)，此组的 GID 会被用于做此用户的主组 ID。 +If this field contains the name of an existing group (or a group created before by +\fBnewusers\fR), the GID of this group will be used as the primary group ID for the user\&. .sp 如果此字段是一个数字，此数字会被用作此用户的主组 ID。如果没有对应此 GID 的现有组，将会使用此 GID 创建一个新组，名称和用户名相同。 .sp -如果此字段为空，将会使用用户名作为组名，\fBnewusers\fR -自动确定的一个 GID 作为主组 ID 来创建一个新组。 -.sp -如果此字段包含一个不存在的组的名字(也没有由 +If this field is empty, a new group will be created with the name of the user and a GID will be automatically defined by \fBnewusers\fR -在前边创建)，将使用指定的组名和 +to be used as the primary group ID for the user and as the GID for the new group\&. +.sp +If this field contains the name of a group which does not exist (and was not created before by +\fBnewusers\fR), a new group will be created with the specified name and a GID will be automatically defined by \fBnewusers\fR -自动确定的 GID 创建一个组，并作为用户的主组。 +to be used as the primary group ID for the user and GID for the new group\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_gecos\fR @@ -102,8 +101,9 @@ If this field contains the name of an existing user (or the name of a user creat .sp 如果此字段指定的不是现有的目录，将会创建指定的目录，所有权设置为创建或更新的用户及其主组。 .sp -如果现有用户的主目录变更，\fBnewusers\fR -不会移动或者复制旧目录的内容到新位置。这需要手动完成。 +If the home directory of an existing user is changed, +\fBnewusers\fR +does not move or copy the content of the old directory to the new location\&. This should be done manually\&. .RE .PP \fIpw_shell\fR @@ -112,13 +112,19 @@ If this field contains the name of an existing user (or the name of a user creat .RE .PP \fBnewusers\fR -首先尝试创建或更改所有指定的用户，然后将这些更改写入用户或组数据库。如果发生错误(除非是在最后写入数据库过程中)，不会有任何更改。 +first tries to create or change all the specified users, and then write these changes to the user or group databases\&. If an error occurs (except in the final writes to the databases), no changes are committed to the databases\&. .PP 此命令一般用于在大型的应用环境中，对大量账户进行一次性更新。 .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBnewusers\fR -命令可以使用的选项有： +command are: +.PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-crypt\-method\fR .RS 4 @@ -166,9 +172,8 @@ directory\&. .sp 您只可以对 SHA256 或 SHA512 使用此选项。 .sp -默认，轮转数由 -/etc/login\&.defs -文件中的 SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS 和 SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS 变量确定。 +By default, the number of rounds is defined by the SHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS and SHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS variables in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .SH "CAVEATS" .PP @@ -177,41 +182,42 @@ directory\&. 您需要确保你吗和加密方法符合系统的密码策略。 .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR (string) .RS 4 这定义了系统加密密码的默认算法(如果没有在命令行上指定算法)。 .sp -可以使用如下值：\fIDES\fR +It can take one of these values: +\fIDES\fR (default), \fIMD5\fR, \fISHA256\fR, \fISHA512\fR\&. .sp -注意，此参数会覆盖 +Note: this parameter overrides the \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR -变量。 +variable\&. .RE .PP \fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -\fBuseradd\fR，\fBgroupadd\fR -或 -\fBnewusers\fR -创建的常规组的组 ID 的范围。 +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by +\fBuseradd\fR, +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -和 -\fBGID_MAX\fR -的默认值分别是 1000 和 60000。 +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP \fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -每个组条目的最大成员数。达到最大值时，在 +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -开始一个新条目(行)(使用同样的名称，同样的密码，同样的 GID)。 +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp 默认值是 0，意味着组中的成员数没有限制。 .sp @@ -224,17 +230,18 @@ directory\&. .PP \fBMD5_CRYPT_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 -表示密码是否必须使用基于 MD5 的算法加密。如果设为 -\fIyes\fR，新密码将使用可以和新版 FreeBSD 兼容的基于 MD5 的算法加密。它支持无限长度的密码以及更长的盐字符串。如果您需要将加密的密码复制到其它不理解新算法的系统，设置为 -\fIno\fR。默认值是 -\fIno\fR。 +Indicate if passwords must be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm\&. If set to +\fIyes\fR, new passwords will be encrypted using the MD5\-based algorithm compatible with the one used by recent releases of FreeBSD\&. It supports passwords of unlimited length and longer salt strings\&. Set to +\fIno\fR +if you need to copy encrypted passwords to other systems which don\*(Aqt understand the new algorithm\&. Default is +\fIno\fR\&. .sp This variable is superseded by the \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorithm\&. .sp -此变量已经废弃。您应该使用 -\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR。 +This variable is deprecated\&. You should use +\fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR\&. .RE .PP \fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) @@ -254,12 +261,12 @@ variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorith .PP \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR (number), \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR (number) .RS 4 +When \fBENCRYPT_METHOD\fR -设为 +is set to \fISHA256\fR -或 -\fISHA512\fR -时，此项确定加密算法默认使用 SHA 轮转数目(当轮转数没有通过命令行指定时)。 +or +\fISHA512\fR, this defines the number of SHA rounds used by the encryption algorithm by default (when the number of rounds is not specified on the command line)\&. .sp 使用很多轮转，会让暴力破解更加困难。但是需要注意，认证用户时也会需要更多的 CPU 资源。 .sp @@ -267,16 +274,16 @@ variable or by any command line option used to configure the encryption algorith .sp 值必须在 1000 \- 999,999,999 之间。 .sp -如果只设置了一个 +If only one of the \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR -或 +or \fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR -值，就会使用这个值。 +values is set, then this value will be used\&. .sp -如果 +If \fBSHA_CRYPT_MIN_ROUNDS\fR > -\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR，将会使用大的那个。 +\fBSHA_CRYPT_MAX_ROUNDS\fR, the highest value will be used\&. .RE .PP \fBSUB_GID_MIN\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSUB_GID_COUNT\fR (number) @@ -327,43 +334,43 @@ are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .PP \fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -\fBuseradd\fR、\fBgroupadd\fR -或 -\fBnewusers\fR -创建的系统组的组 ID 的范围。 +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by +\fBuseradd\fR, +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -和 -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR -的默认值分别是 101 和 -\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1。 +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. +\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP \fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 +Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by \fBuseradd\fR -或 -\fBnewusers\fR -创建的系统用户的用户 ID 的范围。 +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp +The default value for \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -和 -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR -的默认值分别是 101 和 -\fBUID_MIN\fR\-1。 +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. +\fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP \fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 +Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by \fBuseradd\fR -或 -\fBnewusers\fR -创建的普通用户的用户 ID 的范围。 +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp +The default value for \fBUID_MIN\fR -和 -\fBUID_MAX\fR -的默认值分别是 1000 和 60000。 +(resp\&. +\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP \fBUMASK\fR (number) @@ -371,19 +378,18 @@ are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. 文件模式创建掩码初始化为此值。如果没有指定，掩码初始化为 022。 .sp \fBuseradd\fR -和 +and \fBnewusers\fR -使用此掩码设置它们创建的用户主目录的模式。 +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -也被 +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -用于指定用户的初始 umask。注意，此掩码可以被用户的 GECOS 行覆盖(当设置了 +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -时)，也可以被带 +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -指示符的 -\fBlimits\fR(5) -定义的限制值覆盖。 +identifier in +\fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/nologin.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/nologin.8 index 62327db2..06f62b56 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/nologin.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/nologin.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: nologin .\" Author: Nicolas Fran\(,cois <nicolas.francois@centraliens.net> .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "NOLOGIN" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "NOLOGIN" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,11 +34,12 @@ nologin \- 礼貌地拒绝登录 \fBnologin\fR .SH "描述" .PP +The \fBnologin\fR -命令显示一个信息，说账户不可用然后返回非零值。它用于代替已经禁用的账户的 shell 字段。 +command displays a message that an account is not available and exits non\-zero\&. It is intended as a replacement shell field for accounts that have been disabled\&. .PP -如果要禁用所有登录，请参考 -\fBnologin\fR(5)。 +To disable all logins, investigate +\fBnologin\fR(5)\&. .SH "参见" .PP \fBlogin\fR(1), diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/pwck.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/pwck.8 index 3828b0eb..cf5f017f 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/pwck.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/pwck.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: pwck .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "PWCK" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "PWCK" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,12 +34,13 @@ pwck \- 检查密码文件的完整性 \fBpwck\fR [选项] [\fIpasswd\fR\ [\ \fIshadow\fR\ ]] .SH "描述" .PP +The \fBpwck\fR -命令检查用户及其认证信息的完整性。它检查 +command verifies the integrity of the users and authentication information\&. It checks that all entries in /etc/passwd -和 +and /etc/shadow -格式正确、数据有效。将会提示用户删除格式不正确或者有其它错误的项。 +have the proper format and contain valid data\&. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors\&. .PP 检查的项目有： .sp @@ -109,11 +110,10 @@ pwck \- 检查密码文件的完整性 有效的登录 shell .RE .PP -当指定第二个文件参数或 -/etc/shadow -在系统中存在时，启用 shadow -检查。 +checks are enabled when a second file parameter is specified or when +/etc/shadow +exists on the system\&. .PP 这些检查是： .sp @@ -176,20 +176,27 @@ The checks for correct number of fields and unique user name are fatal\&. If the \fBusermod\fR command to correct the error\&. .PP -操作 +The commands which operate on the /etc/passwd -文件的这些命令不能警告损坏或重复的条目，这些情况下，应该使用 +file are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries\&. \fBpwck\fR -来移除这写有问题的条目。 +should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entry\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The \fB\-r\fR -和 +and \fB\-s\fR -选项不能联合使用。 +options cannot be combined\&. .PP +The options which apply to the \fBpwck\fR -选项可以接受的选项有： +command are: +.PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -203,8 +210,9 @@ command to correct the error\&. .PP \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-read\-only\fR .RS 4 -在只读模式下执行 -\fBpwck\fR。 +Execute the +\fBpwck\fR +command in read\-only mode\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR @@ -218,27 +226,28 @@ directory\&. .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-sort\fR .RS 4 -根据 UID 在 +Sort entries in /etc/passwd -和 +and /etc/shadow -对项目进行排序。 +by UID\&. .RE .PP -默认上，\fBpwck\fR -操作文件 +By default, +\fBpwck\fR +operates on the files /etc/passwd -和 -/etc/shadow。用户也可以使用 +and +/etc/shadow\&. The user may select alternate files with the \fIpasswd\fR -和 +and \fIshadow\fR -参数来选择替代文件。 +parameters\&. .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 @@ -272,42 +281,43 @@ directory\&. .RE .SH "退出值" .PP +The \fBpwck\fR -命令有如下返回值： +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -成功 +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -无效的命令语法 +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -一个或多个错误的密码条目 +one or more bad password entries .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -无法打开密码文件 +can\*(Aqt open password files .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -无法锁定密码文件 +can\*(Aqt lock password files .RE .PP \fI5\fR .RS 4 -无法更新密码文件 +can\*(Aqt update password files .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -无法在密码文件中排序 +can\*(Aqt sort password files .RE .SH "参见" .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/pwconv.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/pwconv.8 index 9aecd0c3..62336de3 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/pwconv.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/pwconv.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: pwconv .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "PWCONV" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "PWCONV" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -40,76 +40,82 @@ pwconv, pwunconv, grpconv, grpunconv \- 在影子密码和组以及其它直接 \fBgrpunconv\fR [\fI选项\fR] .SH "描述" .PP +The \fBpwconv\fR -命令使用 -\fIpasswd\fR -以及可选并已经存在的 +command creates \fIshadow\fR -来创建 -\fIshadow\fR。 +from +\fIpasswd\fR +and an optionally existing +\fIshadow\fR\&. .PP +The \fBpwunconv\fR -命令使用 +command creates +\fIpasswd\fR +from \fIpasswd\fR -和 +and \fIshadow\fR -来创建 -\fIpasswd\fR，然后移除 -\fIshadow\fR。 +and then removes +\fIshadow\fR\&. .PP +The \fBgrpconv\fR -从 -\fIgroup\fR -和可能存在的 +command creates \fIgshadow\fR -创建 -\fIgshadow\fR。 +from +\fIgroup\fR +and an optionally existing +\fIgshadow\fR\&. .PP +The \fBgrpunconv\fR -命令从 +command creates +\fIgroup\fR +from \fIgroup\fR -和 +and \fIgshadow\fR -创建 -\fIgroup\fR，然后移除 -\fIgshadow\fR。 +and then removes +\fIgshadow\fR\&. .PP -这四个程序都可以操作普通或影子密码和组文件：/etc/passwd, +These four programs all operate on the normal and shadow password and group files: +/etc/passwd, /etc/group, -/etc/shadow -和 -/etc/gshadow。 +/etc/shadow, and +/etc/gshadow\&. .PP -转换前，每个程序都会获取需要的锁。\fBpwconv\fR -和 +Each program acquires the necessary locks before conversion\&. +\fBpwconv\fR +and \fBgrpconv\fR -也类似。首先删除，存在于在影子文件中，但在主文件中却没有的条目；然后，更新在主文件中不使用\(lqx\(rq作为密码的影子条目，会添加所有缺失的条目；最后，将主文件中的密码替换为\(lqx\(rq。这两个工具可以用于初始转换以及根据手动编辑的主文件更新影子文件。 +are similar\&. First, entries in the shadowed file which don\*(Aqt exist in the main file are removed\&. Then, shadowed entries which don\*(Aqt have `x\*(Aq as the password in the main file are updated\&. Any missing shadowed entries are added\&. Finally, passwords in the main file are replaced with `x\*(Aq\&. These programs can be used for initial conversion as well to update the shadowed file if the main file is edited by hand\&. .PP \fBpwconv\fR -向 -/etc/shadow -添加条目时，将使用/etc/login\&.defs -中的 +will use the values of \fIPASS_MIN_DAYS\fR, -\fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR -和 +\fIPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR, and \fIPASS_WARN_AGE\fR -值。 +from +/etc/login\&.defs +when adding new entries to +/etc/shadow\&. .PP +Likewise \fBpwunconv\fR -和 +and \fBgrpunconv\fR -与此类似。主文件中的密码会根据影子文件更新。在主文件中存在，但不在影子文件中的条目单独留下。最后，移除影子文件。一些密码年龄信息会因为 -\fBpwunconv\fR -而丢失。它只转换它可以转换的。 +are similar\&. Passwords in the main file are updated from the shadowed file\&. Entries which exist in the main file but not in the shadowed file are left alone\&. Finally, the shadowed file is removed\&. Some password aging information is lost by +\fBpwunconv\fR\&. It will convert what it can\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBpwconv\fR, \fBpwunconv\fR, -\fBgrpconv\fR -和 +\fBgrpconv\fR, and \fBgrpunconv\fR -命令可以接受的选项有： +commands are: .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR .RS 4 @@ -126,25 +132,25 @@ directory\&. .RE .SH "缺陷" .PP -在 passwd 或 group 文件中有错误(比如，有重复条目)可能会造成这些程序死循环或者以奇怪的方式失败。在转换自，或转换到影子密码或组文件前，请运行 +Errors in the password or group files (such as invalid or duplicate entries) may cause these programs to loop forever or fail in other strange ways\&. Please run \fBpwck\fR -和 +and \fBgrpck\fR -来修正此类错误。 +to correct any such errors before converting to or from shadow passwords or groups\&. .SH "配置文件" .PP +The following configuration variable in /etc/login\&.defs -中的如下配置变量改变 +changes the behavior of \fBgrpconv\fR -和 -\fBgrpunconv\fR -的行为： +and +\fBgrpunconv\fR: .PP \fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -每个组条目的最大成员数。达到最大值时，在 +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -开始一个新条目(行)(使用同样的名称，同样的密码，同样的 GID)。 +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp 默认值是 0，意味着组中的成员数没有限制。 .sp @@ -155,10 +161,10 @@ directory\&. 注意：分割组可能不受所有工具的支持(甚至在 Shadow 工具集中)。您不应该使用这个变量，除非真的需要。 .RE .PP +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中的如下配置变量改变 -\fBpwconv\fR -的行为： +change the behavior of +\fBpwconv\fR: .PP \fBPASS_MAX_DAYS\fR (number) .RS 4 diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/sulogin.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/sulogin.8 index 23243948..6ebbd7c5 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/sulogin.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/sulogin.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: sulogin .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "SULOGIN" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "SULOGIN" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -47,7 +47,8 @@ has an entry for a single user login\&. .PP The user is prompted .PP -Type control\-d to proceed with normal startup, (or give root password for system maintenance): +Type control\-d to proceed with normal startup, +(or give root password for system maintenance): .PP Input and output will be performed with the standard file descriptors unless the optional device name argument is provided\&. .PP @@ -75,28 +76,27 @@ should execute the sulogin command in single user mode\&. As complete an environment as possible is created\&. However, various devices may be unmounted or uninitialized and many of the user commands may be unavailable or nonfunctional as a result\&. .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBENV_HZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -如果设置了，将会用于在用户登录时定义 HZ 环境变量。值必须以 -\fIHZ=\fR -开头。Linux 上的常用值是 -\fIHZ=100\fR。 +If set, it will be used to define the HZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value must be preceded by +\fIHZ=\fR\&. A common value on Linux is +\fIHZ=100\fR\&. .RE .PP \fBENV_TZ\fR (string) .RS 4 -如果设置了，它将用于在用户登录时定义 TZ 环境变量。此值可以是以 +If set, it will be used to define the TZ environment variable when a user login\&. The value can be the name of a timezone preceded by \fITZ=\fR -开头的时区名(例如 -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR)，或者是包含时区规则的文件完整路径(例如 -/etc/tzname)。 +(for example +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR), or the full path to the file containing the timezone specification (for example +/etc/tzname)\&. .sp -如果将完整路径指定为了一个不存在或不可读的文件，则默认使用 -\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR。 +If a full path is specified but the file does not exist or cannot be read, the default is to use +\fITZ=CST6CDT\fR\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/useradd.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/useradd.8 index aad64ce3..acb05afc 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/useradd.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/useradd.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: useradd .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "USERADD" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "USERADD" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -38,38 +38,50 @@ useradd \- 创建一个新用户或更新默认新用户信息 \fBuseradd\fR \-D [\fI选项\fR] .SH "描述" .PP -如果使用时不带 +When invoked without the \fB\-D\fR -选项，\fBuseradd\fR -命令使用命令行上指定的值和系统的默认值创建一个新用户。根据命令行选项，\fBuseradd\fR -命令也会更新系统文件和创建新用户的主目录并复制初始文件。 +option, the +\fBuseradd\fR +command creates a new user account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system\&. Depending on command line options, the +\fBuseradd\fR +command will update system files and may also create the new user\*(Aqs home directory and copy initial files\&. .PP -默认上，也会为用户创建组 (察看 +By default, a group will also be created for the new user (see \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-N\fR, -\fB\-U\fR，和 -\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR)。 +\fB\-U\fR, and +\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR)\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBuseradd\fR -可以使用的选项有： +command are: +.PP +\fB\-\-badname\fR\ \& +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE .PP \fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIBASE_DIR\fR .RS 4 -如果没有使用 -\fB\-d\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR，则使用默认的基目录。\fIBASE_DIR\fR -加上账户名就是主目录。如果没有使用 +The default base directory for the system if +\fB\-d\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR +is not specified\&. +\fIBASE_DIR\fR +is concatenated with the account name to define the home directory\&. If the \fB\-m\fR -选项，\fIBASE_DIR\fR -必须已经存在。 +option is not used, +\fIBASE_DIR\fR +must exist\&. .sp -如果选项没有指定，\fBuseradd\fR -将使用 -/etc/default/useradd -中的 +If this option is not specified, +\fBuseradd\fR +will use the base directory specified by the \fBHOME\fR -变量，或者默认的 -/home。 +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or +/home +by default\&. .RE .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENT\fR @@ -79,14 +91,15 @@ useradd \- 创建一个新用户或更新默认新用户信息 .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\-dir\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR .RS 4 -将创建新用户，并使用 +The new user will be created using \fIHOME_DIR\fR -作为用户登陆目录的值。默认值是将 +as the value for the user\*(Aqs login directory\&. The default is to append the \fILOGIN\fR -名附加到 +name to \fIBASE_DIR\fR -后面，并使用这作为登陆目录。目录不一定必须已经存在 -\fIHOME_DIR\fR，但是会在需要时创建。 +and use that as the login directory name\&. The directory +\fIHOME_DIR\fR +does not have to exist but will not be created if it is missing\&. .RE .PP \fB\-D\fR, \fB\-\-defaults\fR @@ -96,58 +109,57 @@ useradd \- 创建一个新用户或更新默认新用户信息 .PP \fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 -用户账户将被禁用的日期。日期以 -\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR -格式指定。 +The date on which the user account will be disabled\&. The date is specified in the format +\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR\&. .sp -如果没有指定，\fBuseradd\fR -将使用 -/etc/default/useradd -中 +If not specified, +\fBuseradd\fR +will use the default expiry date specified by the \fBEXPIRE\fR -变量指定的默认过期日期，或者一个空字符串(不过期)。 +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or an empty string (no expiry) by default\&. .RE .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 密码过期后，账户被彻底禁用之前的天数。0 表示立即禁用，\-1 表示禁用这个功能。 .sp -如果未指定，\fBuseradd\fR -将使用 -/etc/default/useradd -中的 +If not specified, +\fBuseradd\fR +will use the default inactivity period specified by the \fBINACTIVE\fR -指定的默认禁用周期，或者默认为 \-1。 +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or \-1 by default\&. .RE .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR .RS 4 用户初始登陆组的组名或号码。组名必须已经存在。组号码必须指代已经存在的组。 .sp -如果没有指定， +If not specified, the behavior of \fBuseradd\fR -的行为将依赖于 -/etc/login\&.defs -文件中的 +will depend on the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -参数。如果此参数设置为了 +variable in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. If this variable is set to \fIyes\fR -(或者在命令行上指定了 -\fB\-U/\-\-user\-group\fR)，将会为用户创建一个组，组名和登录名相同。如果选项设置为了 +(or +\fB\-U/\-\-user\-group\fR +is specified on the command line), a group will be created for the user, with the same name as her loginname\&. If the variable is set to \fIno\fR -(或者在命令行上指定了 -\fB\-N/\-\-no\-user\-group\fR)，useradd 会把新用户的主组设置为 -/etc/default/useradd -中 +(or +\fB\-N/\-\-no\-user\-group\fR +is specified on the command line), useradd will set the primary group of the new user to the value specified by the \fBGROUP\fR -变量指定的值，再或者默认是 100。 +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or 100 by default\&. .RE .PP \fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGROUP1\fR[\fI,GROUP2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GROUPN\fR]]] .RS 4 -用户还属于的附加组列表。每个组都用逗号隔开，没有中间的空格。这里的组受到了 +A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of\&. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace\&. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the \fB\-g\fR -选项给定的组同样的限制。默认上，用户只属于初始组。 +option\&. The default is for the user to belong only to the initial group\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -157,21 +169,20 @@ useradd \- 创建一个新用户或更新默认新用户信息 .PP \fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-skel\fR\ \&\fISKEL_DIR\fR .RS 4 -骨架目录，包含使用 -\fBuseradd\fR -创建用户时，要复制到用户主目录中的文件和目录。 +The skeleton directory, which contains files and directories to be copied in the user\*(Aqs home directory, when the home directory is created by +\fBuseradd\fR\&. .sp -这个选项只有在指定 +This option is only valid if the \fB\-m\fR -(或 -\fB\-\-create\-home\fR) 选项时才有效。 +(or +\fB\-\-create\-home\fR) option is specified\&. .sp -如果此项没有设置，骨架目录使用 -/etc/default/useradd -中的 +If this option is not set, the skeleton directory is defined by the \fBSKEL\fR -的变量或默认为 -/etc/skel。 +variable in +/etc/default/useradd +or, by default, +/etc/skel\&. .sp 如果可以，也复制 ACL 和扩展属性。 .RE @@ -204,61 +215,58 @@ By default, the user\*(Aqs entries in the lastlog and faillog databases are rese .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-create\-home\fR .RS 4 -如果不存在，则创建用户主目录。骨架目录中的文件和目录(可以使用 +Create the user\*(Aqs home directory if it does not exist\&. The files and directories contained in the skeleton directory (which can be defined with the \fB\-k\fR -选项指定)，将会复制到主目录。 +option) will be copied to the home directory\&. .sp -默认上，如果没有指定此选项并且 +By default, if this option is not specified and \fBCREATE_HOME\fR -没有启用，不会创建主目录。 +is not enabled, no home directories are created\&. .RE .PP \fB\-M\fR, \fB\-\-no\-create\-home\fR .RS 4 -不创建用户主目录，即使系统在 +Do no create the user\*(Aqs home directory, even if the system wide setting from /etc/login\&.defs -中的设置 (\fBCREATE_HOME\fR) 为 -\fIyes\fR。 +(\fBCREATE_HOME\fR) is set to +\fIyes\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-N\fR, \fB\-\-no\-user\-group\fR .RS 4 -不要创建同名组，而是将用户添加到 +Do not create a group with the same name as the user, but add the user to the group specified by the \fB\-g\fR -选项指定的组，或根据 -/etc/default/useradd -中的 +option or by the \fBGROUP\fR -变量。 +variable in +/etc/default/useradd\&. .sp -如果没有指定 +The default behavior (if the \fB\-g\fR, -\fB\-N\fR -和 +\fB\-N\fR, and \fB\-U\fR -选项，默认行为由 -/etc/login\&.defs -中的 +options are not specified) is defined by the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -变量指定。 +variable in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR .RS 4 允许使用重复的 UID 创建用户账户。 .sp -此选项只有和 +This option is only valid in combination with the \fB\-u\fR -选项组合使用才有效。 +option\&. .RE .PP \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -加密了的密码，就像 -\fBcrypt\fR(3) -的返回值。默认为禁用密码。 +The encrypted password, as returned by +\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. The default is to disable the password\&. .sp -\fB注意：\fR不推荐使用这个选项，因为密码(或加密过的密码)会被用户通过列出这个过程而看到。 +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp 您应该确保密码符合系统的密码政策。 .RE @@ -306,41 +314,39 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR .RS 4 -用户的登录 shell 名。默认为留空，让系统根据 -/etc/default/useradd -中的 +The name of the user\*(Aqs login shell\&. The default is to leave this field blank, which causes the system to select the default login shell specified by the \fBSHELL\fR -变量选择默认的登录 shell，默认为空字符串。 +variable in +/etc/default/useradd, or an empty string by default\&. .RE .PP \fB\-u\fR, \fB\-\-uid\fR\ \&\fIUID\fR .RS 4 -用户 ID 的数字值。此值必须为唯一的，除非使用了 +The numerical value of the user\*(Aqs ID\&. This value must be unique, unless the \fB\-o\fR -选项。此值必须非负，默认使用大于等于 -\fBUID_MIN\fR，且大于任何其他用户 ID 最小值。 +option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to +\fBUID_MIN\fR +and greater than every other user\&. .sp -请参考 +See also the \fB\-r\fR -选项和 +option and the \fBUID_MAX\fR -的描述。 +description\&. .RE .PP \fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-user\-group\fR .RS 4 创建一个和用户同名的组，并将用户添加到组中。 .sp -如果没有指定 +The default behavior (if the \fB\-g\fR, -\fB\-N\fR -和 +\fB\-N\fR, and \fB\-U\fR -选项，默认行为由 -/etc/login\&.defs -中的 +options are not specified) is defined by the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -变量指定。 +variable in +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP \fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR\ \&\fISEUSER\fR @@ -349,100 +355,99 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SS "更改默认值" .PP -只带 +When invoked with only the +\fB\-D\fR +option, +\fBuseradd\fR +will display the current default values\&. When invoked with \fB\-D\fR -选项使用时，\fBuseradd\fR -将显示当前的默认值。\fB\-D\fR -和其它选项配合使用时，\fBuseradd\fR -将为指定的选项更新默认值。有效的\(lq更改默认值\(rq选项有： +plus other options, +\fBuseradd\fR +will update the default values for the specified options\&. Valid default\-changing options are: .PP \fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-base\-dir\fR\ \&\fIBASE_DIR\fR .RS 4 -新用户主目录的路径前缀。如果创建新账户时，没有使用 -\fB\-d\fR -选项，用户的名称将会缀在 +The path prefix for a new user\*(Aqs home directory\&. The user\*(Aqs name will be affixed to the end of \fIBASE_DIR\fR -的后边形成新用户的主目录名。 +to form the new user\*(Aqs home directory name, if the +\fB\-d\fR +option is not used when creating a new account\&. .sp -这个选择在 -/etc/default/useradd -中设置 +This option sets the \fBHOME\fR -选项。 +variable in +/etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP \fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 禁用此用户账户的日期。 .sp -此选项在 -/etc/default/useradd -中设置 +This option sets the \fBEXPIRE\fR -变量。 +variable in +/etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR .RS 4 密码过期到账户被禁用之前的天数。 .sp -这个选项在 -/etc/default/useradd -中设置 +This option sets the \fBINACTIVE\fR -变量。 +variable in +/etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR .RS 4 -新用户初始组的组名或 ID (使用了 +The group name or ID for a new user\*(Aqs initial group (when the \fB\-N/\-\-no\-user\-group\fR -或者 -/etc/login\&.defs -中的变量 +is used or when the \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -设置为 +variable is set to \fIno\fR -时)。给出的组必须存在，并且数字组 ID 必须有一个已经存在的项。 +in +/etc/login\&.defs)\&. The named group must exist, and a numerical group ID must have an existing entry\&. .sp -这个选项在 -/etc/default/useradd -中设置 +This option sets the \fBGROUP\fR -变量。 +variable in +/etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .PP \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-shell\fR\ \&\fISHELL\fR .RS 4 新用户的登录 shell 名。 .sp -这个选项在 -/etc/default/useradd -设置 +This option sets the \fBSHELL\fR -变量。 +variable in +/etc/default/useradd\&. .RE .SH "注意：" .PP -系统管理员负责将默认的用户文件放在 +The system administrator is responsible for placing the default user files in the /etc/skel/ -目录中(或者命令行上、/etc/default/useradd -中指定的任何其它目录)。 +directory (or any other skeleton directory specified in +/etc/default/useradd +or on the command line)\&. .SH "CAVEATS" .PP 您可能不能想 NIS 组或 LDAP 组添加用户。这只能在相应服务器上进行。 .PP -相似地，如果用户名已经存在于外部用户数据库中，比如 NIS 或 LDAP，\fBuseradd\fR -将拒绝创建用户账户的请求。 +Similarly, if the username already exists in an external user database such as NIS or LDAP, +\fBuseradd\fR +will deny the user account creation request\&. .PP 用户名必须以一个小写字母或下划线开始，跟随小写字符、数字、下划线或连字符的组合。可以以美元符号结束。用正则表达式表示就是：[a\-z_][a\-z0\-9_\-]*[$]? .PP 用户名不能超过 32 个字符长。 .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBCREATE_HOME\fR (boolean) .RS 4 @@ -453,15 +458,15 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .PP \fBGID_MAX\fR (number), \fBGID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -\fBuseradd\fR，\fBgroupadd\fR -或 -\fBnewusers\fR -创建的常规组的组 ID 的范围。 +Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by +\fBuseradd\fR, +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp +The default value for \fBGID_MIN\fR -和 -\fBGID_MAX\fR -的默认值分别是 1000 和 60000。 +(resp\&. +\fBGID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP \fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number) @@ -483,27 +488,28 @@ option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for wri 定义用户邮箱文件的位置(相对于主目录)。 .RE .PP +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -变量由 -\fBuseradd\fR，\fBusermod\fR -和 +variables are used by +\fBuseradd\fR, +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -用于创建、移动或删除用户邮箱。 +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -如果 +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -设置为 -\fIyes\fR，它们也被用于定义 +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the \fBMAIL\fR -环境变量。 +environment variable\&. .PP \fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -每个组条目的最大成员数。达到最大值时，在 +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -开始一个新条目(行)(使用同样的名称，同样的密码，同样的 GID)。 +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp 默认值是 0，意味着组中的成员数没有限制。 .sp @@ -577,43 +583,43 @@ are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. .PP \fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 -\fBuseradd\fR、\fBgroupadd\fR -或 -\fBnewusers\fR -创建的系统组的组 ID 的范围。 +Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by +\fBuseradd\fR, +\fBgroupadd\fR, or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp +The default value for \fBSYS_GID_MIN\fR -和 -\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR -的默认值分别是 101 和 -\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1。 +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_GID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. +\fBGID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP \fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR (number), \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 +Range of user IDs used for the creation of system users by \fBuseradd\fR -或 -\fBnewusers\fR -创建的系统用户的用户 ID 的范围。 +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp +The default value for \fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -和 -\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR -的默认值分别是 101 和 -\fBUID_MIN\fR\-1。 +(resp\&. +\fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR) is 101 (resp\&. +\fBUID_MIN\fR\-1)\&. .RE .PP \fBUID_MAX\fR (number), \fBUID_MIN\fR (number) .RS 4 +Range of user IDs used for the creation of regular users by \fBuseradd\fR -或 -\fBnewusers\fR -创建的普通用户的用户 ID 的范围。 +or +\fBnewusers\fR\&. .sp +The default value for \fBUID_MIN\fR -和 -\fBUID_MAX\fR -的默认值分别是 1000 和 60000。 +(resp\&. +\fBUID_MAX\fR) is 1000 (resp\&. 60000)\&. .RE .PP \fBUMASK\fR (number) @@ -621,29 +627,30 @@ are respectively 100000, 600100000 and 65536\&. 文件模式创建掩码初始化为此值。如果没有指定，掩码初始化为 022。 .sp \fBuseradd\fR -和 +and \fBnewusers\fR -使用此掩码设置它们创建的用户主目录的模式。 +use this mask to set the mode of the home directory they create .sp -也被 +It is also used by \fBlogin\fR -用于指定用户的初始 umask。注意，此掩码可以被用户的 GECOS 行覆盖(当设置了 +to define users\*(Aq initial umask\&. Note that this mask can be overridden by the user\*(Aqs GECOS line (if \fBQUOTAS_ENAB\fR -时)，也可以被带 +is set) or by the specification of a limit with the \fIK\fR -指示符的 -\fBlimits\fR(5) -定义的限制值覆盖。 +identifier in +\fBlimits\fR(5)\&. .RE .PP \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 如果 uid 和 gid 相同，用户名和主用户名也相同，使非 root 组的组掩码位和属主位相同 (如：022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007)。 .sp -如果设置为 -\fIyes\fR，如果组中没有成员了，\fBuserdel\fR -将移除此用户组，\fBuseradd\fR -创建用户时，也会创建一个同名的默认组。 +If set to +\fIyes\fR, +\fBuserdel\fR +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and +\fBuseradd\fR +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP @@ -693,53 +700,54 @@ Shadow 密码套件配置。 .RE .SH "退出值" .PP +The \fBuseradd\fR -可以返回如下值： +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -成功 +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -无法更新密码文件 +can\*(Aqt update password file .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -无效的命令语法 +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI3\fR .RS 4 -给了选项一个无效的参数 +invalid argument to option .RE .PP \fI4\fR .RS 4 -UID 已经使用 (且没有 +UID already in use (and no \fB\-o\fR) .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -指定的组不存在 +specified group doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI9\fR .RS 4 -用户名已被使用 +username already in use .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -无法更新组文件 +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .PP \fI12\fR .RS 4 -无法创建主目录 +can\*(Aqt create home directory .RE .PP \fI14\fR diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/userdel.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/userdel.8 index 66d5a275..babc5fbe 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/userdel.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/userdel.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: userdel .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "USERDEL" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "USERDEL" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,27 +34,30 @@ userdel \- 删除用户账户和相关文件 \fBuserdel\fR [选项] \fI登录\fR .SH "描述" .PP +The \fBuserdel\fR -修改系统账户文件，删除与用户名 -\fILOGIN\fR -相关的所以项目。给出的用户名必须存在。 +command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to the user name +\fILOGIN\fR\&. The named user must exist\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBuserdel\fR -可以使用的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR .RS 4 -此选项强制删除用户账户，甚至用户仍然在登录状态。它也强制 +This option forces the removal of the user account, even if the user is still logged in\&. It also forces \fBuserdel\fR -删除用户的主目录和邮箱，即使其它用户也使用同一个主目录或邮箱不属于指定的用户。如果 -/etc/login\&.defs -中的 +to remove the user\*(Aqs home directory and mail spool, even if another user uses the same home directory or if the mail spool is not owned by the specified user\&. If \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -定义为 -\fIyes\fR，并且如果有一个和用户同名的组，也会删除此组，即使它仍然是别的用户的主组。 +is defined to +\fIyes\fR +in +/etc/login\&.defs +and if a group exists with the same name as the deleted user, then this group will be removed, even if it is still the primary group of another user\&. .sp -\fI注意：\fR此选项危险，可能会破坏系统的稳定性。 +\fINote:\fR +This option is dangerous and may leave your system in an inconsistent state\&. .RE .PP \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR @@ -66,11 +69,11 @@ userdel \- 删除用户账户和相关文件 .RS 4 用户主目录中的文件将随用户主目录和用户邮箱一起删除。在其它文件系统中的文件必须手动搜索并删除。 .sp -邮箱在 -login\&.defs -文件中的 +The mail spool is defined by the \fBMAIL_DIR\fR -变量中定义。 +variable in the +login\&.defs +file\&. .RE .PP \fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR @@ -97,9 +100,9 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RE .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBMAIL_DIR\fR (string) .RS 4 @@ -111,27 +114,28 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- 定义用户邮箱文件的位置(相对于主目录)。 .RE .PP +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -变量由 -\fBuseradd\fR，\fBusermod\fR -和 +variables are used by +\fBuseradd\fR, +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -用于创建、移动或删除用户邮箱。 +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -如果 +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -设置为 -\fIyes\fR，它们也被用于定义 +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the \fBMAIL\fR -环境变量。 +environment variable\&. .PP \fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -每个组条目的最大成员数。达到最大值时，在 +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -开始一个新条目(行)(使用同样的名称，同样的密码，同样的 GID)。 +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp 默认值是 0，意味着组中的成员数没有限制。 .sp @@ -148,7 +152,7 @@ and .sp 这个脚本的返回值并不被带到账户中去。 .sp -这是一个示例脚本，它移除用户的 cron、at 和 print 作业： +Here is an example script, which removes the user\*(Aqs cron, at and print jobs: .sp .if n \{\ .RS 4 @@ -156,41 +160,44 @@ and .nf #! /bin/sh -# 检查需要的参数 +# Check for the required argument\&. if [ $# != 1 ]; then echo "Usage: $0 username" exit 1 fi -# 移除 cron 作业 +# Remove cron jobs\&. crontab \-r \-u $1 -# 移除 at 作业 -# 注意这将移除所有属于同一个 UID 的作业 -# 即使此 ID 由多个用户名共享 +# Remove at jobs\&. +# Note that it will remove any jobs owned by the same UID, +# even if it was shared by a different username\&. AT_SPOOL_DIR=/var/spool/cron/atjobs find $AT_SPOOL_DIR \-name "[^\&.]*" \-type f \-user $1 \-delete \e; -# 移除 print 作业 +# Remove print jobs\&. lprm $1 -# 全部完成 +# All done\&. exit 0 .fi .if n \{\ .RE .\} +.sp .RE .PP \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR (boolean) .RS 4 如果 uid 和 gid 相同，用户名和主用户名也相同，使非 root 组的组掩码位和属主位相同 (如：022 \-> 002, 077 \-> 007)。 .sp -如果设置为 -\fIyes\fR，如果组中没有成员了，\fBuserdel\fR -将移除此用户组，\fBuseradd\fR -创建用户时，也会创建一个同名的默认组。 +If set to +\fIyes\fR, +\fBuserdel\fR +will remove the user\*(Aqs group if it contains no more members, and +\fBuseradd\fR +will create by default a group with the name of the user\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP @@ -225,63 +232,67 @@ Per user subordinate user IDs\&. .RE .SH "退出值" .PP +The \fBuserdel\fR -命令使用如下值退出： +command exits with the following values: .PP \fI0\fR .RS 4 -成功 +success .RE .PP \fI1\fR .RS 4 -无法更新密码文件 +can\*(Aqt update password file .RE .PP \fI2\fR .RS 4 -无效的命令语法 +invalid command syntax .RE .PP \fI6\fR .RS 4 -指定的用户不存在 +specified user doesn\*(Aqt exist .RE .PP \fI8\fR .RS 4 -用户已经登录 +user currently logged in .RE .PP \fI10\fR .RS 4 -无法更新组文件 +can\*(Aqt update group file .RE .PP \fI12\fR .RS 4 -无法删除主目录 +can\*(Aqt remove home directory .RE .SH "CAVEATS" .PP -如果某账户有正在运行的进程，\fBuserdel\fR -不会允许此账户。此时，您可能必须要杀死那写进程或者锁定用户的密码和账户，并稍后再删除账户。\fB\-f\fR -选项可以强制此删除账户。 +\fBuserdel\fR +will not allow you to remove an account if there are running processes which belong to this account\&. In that case, you may have to kill those processes or lock the user\*(Aqs password or account and remove the account later\&. The +\fB\-f\fR +option can force the deletion of this account\&. .PP 您应该手动检查所以文件系统，以确保没有遗留此用户的文件。 .PP 您不能在 NIS 客户端上移除任何 NIS 属性。这必须在 NIS 服务器上执行。 .PP -如果在 -/etc/login\&.defs -中 +If \fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR -设置为 -\fIyes\fR， +is defined to +\fIyes\fR +in +/etc/login\&.defs, +\fBuserdel\fR +will delete the group with the same name as the user\&. To avoid inconsistencies in the passwd and group databases, \fBuserdel\fR -将删除同名组。为了避免损坏 passwd 和 group 数据库，\fBuserdel\fR -将会检查这个主是否被别的用户用作主组，如果有，将只发出警告并不删除此组。\fB\-f\fR -选项可以强制删除此组。 +will check that this group is not used as a primary group for another user, and will just warn without deleting the group otherwise\&. The +\fB\-f\fR +option can force the deletion of this group\&. .SH "参见" .PP \fBchfn\fR(1), diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/usermod.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/usermod.8 index a4c55f92..4a61eb25 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/usermod.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/usermod.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: usermod .\" Author: Julianne Frances Haugh .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "USERMOD" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "USERMOD" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -34,51 +34,62 @@ usermod \- 修改一个用户账户 \fBusermod\fR [\fI选项\fR] \fI登录\fR .SH "描述" .PP +The \fBusermod\fR -修改系统账户文件和在命令行上指定的相关更改。 +command modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that are specified on the command line\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBusermod\fR -可以接受的选项有： +command are: .PP \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-append\fR .RS 4 -将用户添加到附加组。只能和 +Add the user to the supplementary group(s)\&. Use only with the \fB\-G\fR -选项一起使用。 +option\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. +.RE +.PP +\fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-badnames\fR +.RS 4 +Allow names that do not conform to standards\&. .RE .PP \fB\-c\fR, \fB\-\-comment\fR\ \&\fICOMMENT\fR .RS 4 -用户密码文件中注释字段的新值。通常使用 +The new value of the user\*(Aqs password file comment field\&. It is normally modified using the \fBchfn\fR(1) -工具对其进行修改。 +utility\&. .RE .PP \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-home\fR\ \&\fIHOME_DIR\fR .RS 4 用户的新登录目录。 .sp -如果给了 +If the \fB\-m\fR -选项，当前主目录的内容将会移动到新主目录中，如果不存在，则创建。 +option is given, the contents of the current home directory will be moved to the new home directory, which is created if it does not already exist\&. .RE .PP \fB\-e\fR, \fB\-\-expiredate\fR\ \&\fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR .RS 4 -用户账户将被禁用的日期。日期以 -\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR -格式指定。 +The date on which the user account will be disabled\&. The date is specified in the format +\fIYYYY\-MM\-DD\fR\&. .sp -空 +An empty \fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR -参数将禁用账户过期。 +argument will disable the expiration of the account\&. .sp -此选项需要一个 -/etc/passwd -文件。如果没有，将会创建一条 +This option requires a /etc/shadow -项目。 +file\&. A +/etc/shadow +entry will be created if there were none\&. .RE .PP \fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-inactive\fR\ \&\fIINACTIVE\fR @@ -87,11 +98,11 @@ usermod \- 修改一个用户账户 .sp 0 表示密码过期时，立即禁用账户；\-1 表示不使用这个功能。 .sp -此选项需要一个 -/etc/passwd -文件。如果没有，将会创建一条 +This option requires a /etc/shadow -项目。 +file\&. A +/etc/shadow +entry will be created if there were none\&. .RE .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-gid\fR\ \&\fIGROUP\fR @@ -105,64 +116,63 @@ usermod \- 修改一个用户账户 .PP \fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-groups\fR\ \&\fIGROUP1\fR[\fI,GROUP2,\&.\&.\&.\fR[\fI,GROUPN\fR]]] .RS 4 -用户还属于的附加组列表。组之间使用逗号分隔，没有空格。这些组需要遵守和 +A list of supplementary groups which the user is also a member of\&. Each group is separated from the next by a comma, with no intervening whitespace\&. The groups are subject to the same restrictions as the group given with the \fB\-g\fR -选项中给的组同样的限制。 +option\&. .sp -如果用户当前是一个组的成员，而这个组没有列在这里，用户将被从那个组里便删除。这个行为可以通过 +If the user is currently a member of a group which is not listed, the user will be removed from the group\&. This behaviour can be changed via the \fB\-a\fR -选项修改，这使用户追加到给出的附加组列表中。 +option, which appends the user to the current supplementary group list\&. .RE .PP \fB\-l\fR, \fB\-\-login\fR\ \&\fINEW_LOGIN\fR .RS 4 -用户的名称将会从 +The name of the user will be changed from \fILOGIN\fR -修改为 -\fINEW_LOGIN\fR。不会更改别的任何东西。特别是，用户的主目录名和邮件池也需要手动修改以和新登录名对应。 +to +\fINEW_LOGIN\fR\&. Nothing else is changed\&. In particular, the user\*(Aqs home directory or mail spool should probably be renamed manually to reflect the new login name\&. .RE .PP \fB\-L\fR, \fB\-\-lock\fR .RS 4 -锁定用户的密码。这会在用户加密的密码之前放置一个\(lq!\(rq，可以快速禁用密码。您可以和 +Lock a user\*(Aqs password\&. This puts a \*(Aq!\*(Aq in front of the encrypted password, effectively disabling the password\&. You can\*(Aqt use this option with \fB\-p\fR -或 -\fB\-U\fR -配合使用此选项。 +or +\fB\-U\fR\&. .sp -注意：如果希望锁定账户(不仅仅是通过密码访问)，您也需要设置 +Note: if you wish to lock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the \fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR -为 -\fI1\fR。 +to +\fI1\fR\&. .RE .PP \fB\-m\fR, \fB\-\-move\-home\fR .RS 4 将用户的主目录移动到新位置。 .sp -这个选项只有和 +This option is only valid in combination with the \fB\-d\fR -(或 -\fB\-\-home\fR) 选项组合使用时才有效。 +(or +\fB\-\-home\fR) option\&. .sp \fBusermod\fR -会改写文件的属主并复制模式、ACL 和扩展属性，但是稍后也可能需要手动修改。 +will try to adapt the ownership of the files and to copy the modes, ACL and extended attributes, but manual changes might be needed afterwards\&. .RE .PP \fB\-o\fR, \fB\-\-non\-unique\fR .RS 4 -使用 +When used with the \fB\-u\fR -选项时，可以将用户 ID 改为非唯一的值。 +option, this option allows to change the user ID to a non\-unique value\&. .RE .PP \fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-password\fR\ \&\fIPASSWORD\fR .RS 4 -已经加密过的密码，就像 -\fBcrypt\fR(3) -返回的那样。 +The encrypted password, as returned by +\fBcrypt\fR(3)\&. .sp -\fB注意：\fR不推荐使用这个选项，因为密码(或加密过的密码)会被用户通过列出这个过程而看到。 +\fBNote:\fR +This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes\&. .sp 您应该确保密码符合系统的密码政策。 .RE @@ -194,41 +204,37 @@ directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\- .RS 4 用户 ID 的新数值。 .sp -这个值必须是唯一的，除非使用了 +This value must be unique, unless the \fB\-o\fR -选项，必须是非负值。 +option is used\&. The value must be non\-negative\&. .sp 用户的邮箱，用户主目录中属于此用户的文件的属主 ID 也将自动更改。 .sp 用户主目录之外文件所有权必须手动修复。 .sp -不会对 -/etc/login\&.defs -中的 +No checks will be performed with regard to the \fBUID_MIN\fR, \fBUID_MAX\fR, -\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR -和 +\fBSYS_UID_MIN\fR, or \fBSYS_UID_MAX\fR -进行检查。 +from +/etc/login\&.defs\&. .RE .PP \fB\-U\fR, \fB\-\-unlock\fR .RS 4 -解锁用户的密码。这将移除加密的密码之前的\(lq!\(rq。您可以将此选项和 +Unlock a user\*(Aqs password\&. This removes the \*(Aq!\*(Aq in front of the encrypted password\&. You can\*(Aqt use this option with \fB\-p\fR -或 -\fB\-L\fR -配合使用。 +or +\fB\-L\fR\&. .sp -注意：如果您希望解锁账户(不只是使用密码访问)，您也应该设置 +Note: if you wish to unlock the account (not only access with a password), you should also set the \fIEXPIRE_DATE\fR -(例如设置为 -\fI99999\fR，或者 -/etc/default/useradd -中的 +(for example to +\fI99999\fR, or to the \fBEXPIRE\fR -值)。 +value from +/etc/default/useradd)\&. .RE .PP \fB\-v\fR, \fB\-\-add\-subuids\fR\ \&\fIFIRST\fR\-\fILAST\fR @@ -295,11 +301,11 @@ from /etc/login\&.defs\&. .RS 4 用户登陆的 SELinux 用户。 .sp -空的 +A blank \fISEUSER\fR -将移除用户 +will remove the SELinux user mapping for user \fILOGIN\fR -的 SELinux 用户映射(如果有)。 +(if any)\&. .RE .SH "CAVEATS" .PP @@ -307,18 +313,18 @@ You must make certain that the named user is not executing any processes when th \fBusermod\fR checks this on Linux\&. On other platforms it only uses utmp to check if the user is logged in\&. .PP -您必须手动更改 +You must change the owner of any \fBcrontab\fR -文件或 +files or \fBat\fR -作业的属主。 +jobs manually\&. .PP 您必须更改 NIS 服务器上的 NIS 相关内容。 .SH "配置文件" .PP -在 +The following configuration variables in /etc/login\&.defs -中有如下配置变量，可以用来更改此工具的行为： +change the behavior of this tool: .PP \fBLASTLOG_UID_MAX\fR (number) .RS 4 @@ -339,27 +345,28 @@ option present in the configuration means that there is no user ID limit for wri 定义用户邮箱文件的位置(相对于主目录)。 .RE .PP +The \fBMAIL_DIR\fR and \fBMAIL_FILE\fR -变量由 -\fBuseradd\fR，\fBusermod\fR -和 +variables are used by +\fBuseradd\fR, +\fBusermod\fR, and \fBuserdel\fR -用于创建、移动或删除用户邮箱。 +to create, move, or delete the user\*(Aqs mail spool\&. .PP -如果 +If \fBMAIL_CHECK_ENAB\fR -设置为 -\fIyes\fR，它们也被用于定义 +is set to +\fIyes\fR, they are also used to define the \fBMAIL\fR -环境变量。 +environment variable\&. .PP \fBMAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP\fR (number) .RS 4 -每个组条目的最大成员数。达到最大值时，在 +Maximum members per group entry\&. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in /etc/group -开始一个新条目(行)(使用同样的名称，同样的密码，同样的 GID)。 +(with the same name, same password, and same GID)\&. .sp 默认值是 0，意味着组中的成员数没有限制。 .sp diff --git a/man/zh_CN/man8/vipw.8 b/man/zh_CN/man8/vipw.8 index 8c8fda0a..aa25d979 100644 --- a/man/zh_CN/man8/vipw.8 +++ b/man/zh_CN/man8/vipw.8 @@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ .\" Title: vipw .\" Author: Marek Micha\(/lkiewicz .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/> -.\" Date: 2019-06-13 +.\" Date: 2019-12-01 .\" Manual: 系统管理命令 -.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.7 +.\" Source: shadow-utils 4.8 .\" Language: Chinese Simplified .\" -.TH "VIPW" "8" "2019-06-13" "shadow\-utils 4\&.7" "系统管理命令" +.TH "VIPW" "8" "2019-12-01" "shadow\-utils 4\&.8" "系统管理命令" .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- .\" * Define some portability stuff .\" ----------------------------------------------------------------- @@ -36,28 +36,29 @@ vipw, vigr \- 编辑密码、组、影子密码或影子组文件。 \fBvigr\fR [\fI选项\fR] .SH "描述" .PP +The \fBvipw\fR -和 +and \fBvigr\fR -命令分别编辑 +commands edits the files /etc/passwd -和 -/etc/group -文件。使用 +and +/etc/group, respectively\&. With the \fB\-s\fR -标识时，将编辑这些文件的影子版，即分别为 +flag, they will edit the shadow versions of those files, /etc/shadow -和 -/etc/gshadow。这些程序将设置相应的锁，以防止文件损坏。寻找编辑器时，首先尝试环境变量 -\fB$VISUAL\fR，然后是环境变量 -\fB$EDITOR\fR，最后是默认编辑器 -\fBvi\fR(1)。 +and +/etc/gshadow, respectively\&. The programs will set the appropriate locks to prevent file corruption\&. When looking for an editor, the programs will first try the environment variable +\fB$VISUAL\fR, then the environment variable +\fB$EDITOR\fR, and finally the default editor, +\fBvi\fR(1)\&. .SH "选项" .PP +The options which apply to the \fBvipw\fR -和 +and \fBvigr\fR -命令可以接受的选项有： +commands are: .PP \fB\-g\fR, \fB\-\-group\fR .RS 4 @@ -101,8 +102,9 @@ directory\&. .PP \fBEDITOR\fR .RS 4 +Editor to be used if \fBVISUAL\fR -没有设置的情况下，使用的编辑器。 +is not set\&. .RE .SH "文件" .PP @@ -129,6 +131,7 @@ directory\&. .PP \fBvi\fR(1), \fBgroup\fR(5), -\fBgshadow\fR(5), +\fBgshadow\fR(5) +, \fBpasswd\fR(5), , \fBshadow\fR(5)\&. diff --git a/man/zh_TW/Makefile.in b/man/zh_TW/Makefile.in index 80b74b95..91a7be2f 100644 --- a/man/zh_TW/Makefile.in +++ b/man/zh_TW/Makefile.in @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.15.1 from Makefile.am. +# Makefile.in generated by automake 1.16.1 from Makefile.am. # @configure_input@ -# Copyright (C) 1994-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation # gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, @@ -176,6 +176,7 @@ DUMPBIN = @DUMPBIN@ ECHO_C = @ECHO_C@ ECHO_N = @ECHO_N@ ECHO_T = @ECHO_T@ +ECONF_CPPFLAGS = @ECONF_CPPFLAGS@ EGREP = @EGREP@ EXEEXT = @EXEEXT@ FGREP = @FGREP@ @@ -198,6 +199,7 @@ LIBATTR = @LIBATTR@ LIBAUDIT = @LIBAUDIT@ LIBCRACK = @LIBCRACK@ LIBCRYPT = @LIBCRYPT@ +LIBECONF = @LIBECONF@ LIBICONV = @LIBICONV@ LIBINTL = @LIBINTL@ LIBMD = @LIBMD@ @@ -243,6 +245,7 @@ SET_MAKE = @SET_MAKE@ SHELL = @SHELL@ STRIP = @STRIP@ USE_NLS = @USE_NLS@ +VENDORDIR = @VENDORDIR@ VERSION = @VERSION@ XGETTEXT = @XGETTEXT@ XGETTEXT_015 = @XGETTEXT_015@ @@ -343,8 +346,8 @@ Makefile: $(srcdir)/Makefile.in $(top_builddir)/config.status *config.status*) \ cd $(top_builddir) && $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) am--refresh;; \ *) \ - echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe)'; \ - cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__depfiles_maybe);; \ + echo ' cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles)'; \ + cd $(top_builddir) && $(SHELL) ./config.status $(subdir)/$@ $(am__maybe_remake_depfiles);; \ esac; $(top_builddir)/config.status: $(top_srcdir)/configure $(CONFIG_STATUS_DEPENDENCIES) @@ -497,7 +500,10 @@ ctags CTAGS: cscope cscopelist: -distdir: $(DISTFILES) +distdir: $(BUILT_SOURCES) + $(MAKE) $(AM_MAKEFLAGS) distdir-am + +distdir-am: $(DISTFILES) @srcdirstrip=`echo "$(srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ topsrcdirstrip=`echo "$(top_srcdir)" | sed 's/[].[^$$\\*]/\\\\&/g'`; \ list='$(DISTFILES)'; \ |